* s , t t 3 ,.> 0,. ft o~w~" ANNUAL REPORT, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1956 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS U. S. ARMY ON CIVIL WORKS ACTIVITIES 1956 IN TWO VOLUMES Vol. 2 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1956 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price $5.25 CONTENTS Page NEW ENGLAND DIVISION------_-- -------------------------------------- 3 NORTH ATLANTIC DIVISION: New York, N. Y., district ----------- ------------------------- 129 Philadelphia, Pa., district- 217 Baltimore, Md., district -------------------------------------- 271 Washington, D. C., district_________-____-____________ 315 Norfolk, Va., district ----------------------- ------------ 347 SOUTH ATLANTIC DIVISION: Wilmington, N. C., district_-______ -______ ____ -- -_____ 383 Charleston, S. C., district --------------------------------- 417 Savannah, Ga., district_-____ ________ ______ __________ 433 Jacksonville, Fla., district-______ _____ - ________-- - _____ 453 Mobile, Ala., district----------- - - - - - - - -_ 525 LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY DIVISION: New Orleans, La., district ------------------------------------ 575 Vicksburg, Miss., district_ ------------------------------------- 649 Memphis, Tenn., district __ -__ ____-________ 669 6____ -_________ St. Louis, Mo., district_ 675 SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION: Galveston, Tex., district_ ____-__-______ ____________ 705 Fort Worth, Tex., district__-_____ __________________________ 761 Albuquerque, N. Mex., district_____________________-_______ 797 Little Rock, Ark., district__- _________________________________ 819 Tulsa, Okla., district_ ___________________-______-853 MISSOURI RIVER DIVISION: Kansas City, Mo., district ___________________________-___ 891 Omaha, Nebr., district_ _ - 927 Garrison, N. Dak., district-___-____________________ _- _ 955 Fort Peck., Mont., district ----- _ -__---______----_____--965 OHIO RIVER DIVISION: Ohio River ------------------------------------------------ 979 Nashville, Tenn., district_____________----______- - 991 Louisville, Ky., district..._ --------------------------------- 102.9 Huntington, W. Va., district____- -- _____-______-- ___ -- 1073 -________ Pittsburgh, Pa., district___-______________________- 1105 NORTH CENTRAL DIVISION: St. Paul, Minn., district ._______________________ -____ 1165 Rock Island, Ill., district_ 1219 Mississippi River between the Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn._ 1243 Chicago, Ill., district_-_____ ____-__ _________ _______ - 1259 Detroit, Mich., district---__. Buffalo, N. Y., district _____________- -____ - _____-__ 1327 -------------------------------------- 1409 Survey of Northern and Northwestern lakes__ --------------- 1471 SOUTH PACIFIC DIVISION: Los Angeles, Calif., district-- --------------------------------- __________________ 1479 San Francisco, Calif., district --------------------------------- 1547 Sacramento, Calif., district________________ _______________ 1593 NORTH PACIFIC DIVISION: Portland, Oreg., district -------------------------------------1675 Seattle, Wash., district--___-------------- - - -_ 1753 Walla Walla, Wash., district_-- ---------------- __-------- 1801 Alaska district------------------ -------------------------- 1827 CONTENTS Page The Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors__________----- .1843 - Mississippi River Commission----_____------------ __ _ _ 1847 The Beach Erosion Board-.-.-____ __ ___ -__..-.------ 1909 California Debris Commission____________ ______-_____-_ _____ 1913 Waterways Experiment Station ........................ .......... 1929 Permanent International Association of the Congresses of Navigation ----- 1931 Interoceanic Canal surveys . -...... ___.................. -- _..... 1935 Investigations and supervision of projects under the Federal Water Power Act-- .... - ------------------------- --- --- 1937 Miscellaneous Civil Works-_ - ______- - ____.---.- .-- -..- --- 1939 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NEW ENGLAND DIVISION The New England Division, an operating division with both district and division functions, comprises all of New England ex- cept western Vermont and small portions of Massachusetts and Connecticut along their western boundaries, and includes small portions of southeastern New York, all embraced in the drainage basins tributary to Long Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean east of the New York-Connecticut State Line. It also includes Fishers Island, N. Y. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation--Continued Page Page 1. Lubec Channel, Maine-...... 4 35. Westport Harbor and Suaga- 2. Beals Harbor, Maine,........ 5 tuck River, Conn.......... 64 3. Isle Au Haut Thoroughfare, 36. Norwalk Harbor, Conn....... 66 M aine.----- - _ ___----- 6 37. Westcott Cove, Conn-....... 67 4. Hendricks Harbor, Maine....- 7 38. Navigation projects on which 5. Kennebec River, Maine_...... 8 reconnaissance and condition 6. Portland Harbor, Maine- 7. Wood Island Harbor, Maine -.. 10 surveys only were conducted during the fiscal year..... 69 and the Pool at Biddeford.. 12 39. Other authorized navigation 8. Portsmouth Harbor and Pisca- projects............-- 69 taqua River, Maine and N. H. 14 40. Navigation work under special 9. Isles of Shoals Harbor, Maine authorization ......... ,,. 72 and N. H ---------------- 15 10. Gloucester Harbor and Annis- Shore Protection quam River, Mass --- 16 41. Hampton Beach, Hampton, 11. Lynn Harbor, Mass 18 N. H__- 72 12. Mystic River, Mass---- 20 42. Winthrop Beach, Winthrop 13. Boston Harbor, Mass ... 23 Mass... 73 14. Dorchester Bay and Neponset River, Mass-- ------ 26 43. Hammonasset Conn ..... Beach, Madison, -- ---- 75 15. Town River, Mass-_--------. 28 44 Middle Beach, Conn--...... 76 16. Cape Cod Canal, MassMa..... 30 45. Prospect Beach, West Haven, 17. Chatham (Stage) Harbor, Mass 33 Conn-- 77 18. Pollock Rip Shoals, Nantucket 79 Sound, Mass-_----- 34 46. Gulf Beach, Milford, Conn... 47. Seaside Park, Bridgeport, Conn 80 19. Menemsha Creek, Martha's Vineyard, Mass.-....----- 35 48. Jennings Conn-- .--- Beach, Fairfield, ..-. 81 20. Cuttyhunk Harbor, Mass .... 36 49. Sasco Hill Beach, Fairfield, 21. Providence River and Harbor, C on n - -. . . . . . . - . ..- 82 R.I_ 37 50. Southport 22. Harbor of Refuge at Point Beach, Fairfield, Judith and Point Judith Conn -..-- . .--.--- .. 83 Pond, R. I. .. 39 51. Burial Conn. Hill Beach, Westport . 84. 23. Harbor of Refuge at Block 52. Sherwood Island State Park, Island, R. I___ 41 24. Great Salt Pond, Block Islaind Westport, Conn 85 R. I.................. 43 53. Compo Beach, Westport Conn- 87 25. Stonington Harbor, Conn . , 44 54. Other authorized shore protec- tion projects--...----......... 88 26. Patchogue River, Conn ...... 45 -- 27. Mystic River, Conn,........ 47 28. Connecticut River below Hart- Flood Control ford, Conn-....._ ..... 49 55. Merrimack River Basin, N. H. 29. Guilford Harbor, Conn_....... 52 and Mass,, .... 89 30. Branford Harbor, Conn_..... 54 56. Franklin Falls Reservoir, Mer- 31. New Haven Harbor, Conn.. -- 55 rimack River Basin, N. H - 91 82. Milford Harbor, Conn ....... 58 57. Edward MacDowell Reservoir, 33. Housatonic River, Conn-_._ 59 Merrimack River Basin, 34. Bridgewater Harbor, Conn... 61 N. H..................... 92 4 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Flood Control-Continued Flood Control-Continued Page Page 58. Blackwater Reservoir, Merri- mack River Basin, N. H- 59. Blackstone River Basin, Mass. -. 93 73. Surry Mountain Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, N.H 114 and R. I ... __-. ... ... 95 74. Otter Brook Reservoir, Connec- 60. Worcester Diversion, Black- stone River Basin, Mass --- 97 ticut River Basin, N. H . - 116 75. Birch Hill Reservoir, Connec- 61. Woonsocket, Blackstone River ticut River Basin, Mass ...- 117 Basin, R. I- 98 76. Tully Reservoir, Connecticut 62. Thames River Basin, Conn., River Basin, Mass_______ 118 R. I., and Mass ______ 100 63. Hodges Village Reservoir, 77. Barre Falls Reservoir, Connect- icut River Basin, Mass... 119 Thames River Basin, Mass- 102 64. Buffumville Reservoir, Thames 78. Knightville Reservoir, Con- River Basin, Mass.____ __ 103 necticut River Basin, Mass- 121 65. East Brimfield Reservoir, 79. Hartford, Connecticut River Thames River Basin, Mass- 104 Basin, Conn_ 122 66. Mansfield Hollow Reservoir, 80. Thomaston Reservoir, Housa- Thames River Basin, Conn- 105 tonic River Basin, Conn --- 124 67. Connecticut River Basin, Vt., 81. Floodwall rehabilitation-- ... 125 N. H., Mass., and Conn -- 106 82. Other authorized flood-control 68. Union Village Reservoir, Con- projects_ __ 126 necticut River Basin, Vt,__ 109 83. Inspection of completed flood- 69. North Hartland Reservoir, control works_ 126 Connecticut River Basin, Vt_ 110 84. Flood-control work under spe- 70. North Springfield Reservoir, cial authorization_--_ 127 Connecticut River Basin, Vt. 111 71. Ball Mountain Reservoir, Con- necticut River Basin, Vt .. 112 General Investigations 72. Townshend Reservoir, Connec- ticut River Basin, Vt .__ 113 85. Examinations and surveys 128 1. LUBEC CHANNEL, MAINE Location. Lubec Channel is situated off the northeastern coast of Maine in the international boundary waters between the State of Maine and Campobello Island, New Brunswick. It is about 200 miles northeast of Portland and 350 miles northeast of Boston, Mass. The channel, which is 2 miles long, runs from Johnson Bay to Quoddy Roads, and is used by boats going to Eastport, Passa- maquoddy Bay, and the St. Croix River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 801.) Previous projects. The original project, authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879, and subsequently modified in 1885, provided a channel from Johnson Bay to Quoddy Roads, 12 feet deep at mean low water, and 275 feet wide, with a width of 300 feet at the bends. A jetty on Gun Rock projecting into Lubec Narrows at the northwest point of the town was also built. See page 36 of the Annual Report for 1912. Existing project. A project at Lubec Channel, adopted in August 1894 and modified by the River and Harbor Act of Septem- ber 3, 1954, provides for widening the original channel to 500 feet, 12 feet deep at mean low water, the extension of the Gun Rock breakwater 90 feet in an easterly direction and construction of a stone breakwater, 385 feet long at Short Point. The mean tidal range is 18 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $211,278. The latest (1955) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $700, RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 5 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 15 wharves and docks extending along the waterfront in the Narrows, from the south side of the existing breakwater to Leadurny Point. While the longer wharves are all pile and timber construction, the shorter ones are mostly solid-fill structures. For the most part they are used for the receipt of fish. There is no water at any of these docks at low tide. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of a new breakwater at Short Point and an extension to Gun Rock Breakwater was started on April 3, 1956 and completed on May 10, 1956. During the period 6,380 tons of stone were placed in Short Point Breakwater and 2,040 tons were placed in Gun Rock Breakwater extension under the same contract. Costs from regular funds during the fiscal year amounted to $76,867, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in May 1956 with the completion of the breakwater at Short Point and the extension at Gun Rock. The controlling depths at mean low water were: 11 feet in the channel through Lubec Narrows (1949), and 12 feet in the channel from Quoddy Roads to north of Cran- berry Point (1949). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $218,345, of which $211,278 was for new work and $7,067, was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work:- Appropriated----------------------------------------------- $78,000 $381,366 Cost ------------------------------------------------------- 76,867 380,233 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- ------- ----------------------------------------------- 7,067 Cost --------------------------------------------------------------------- 7,067 1Includes $168,955 for new work for previous project. 2. BEALS HARBOR, MAINE Location. This harbor is located on the northern end of Beal Island. This island is opposite Jonesport on the south side of Moosabec Reach, an east-and-west thoroughfare about 6 miles long, running between the mainland on the north, and the group of islands between Chandler Bay and Pleasant Bay, on the south. It is 168 miles northeasterly of Portland, 88 miles northeasterly of Rockland, and about 38 miles southwesterly of Eastport. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 304 and 1201). Existing project. This provides for an anchorage 10 feet deep at mean low water over an area about 600 feet long and varying in width from 1,000 feet at the 10-foot depth curve in Moosabec Reach to about 600 feet at the inner end. The mean range of tide is 11.5 feet and the spring range is 13.1 feet. The estimate of cost for new 6 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U.S. ARMY, 1956 work made in 1956 is $150,000. The estimate of cost of annual maintenance made in 1946 is $1,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948. The latest published map is contained in the project document (H. Doc. 553, 80th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 5 privately owned wharves in Beals Harbor which are used by those engaged in lobstering and fishing. Four of the wharves are located at the inner end of the harbor and are bare at the lower stages of tide. The fifth, located near the entrance to the harbor on the east side, has less than 2 feet at mean low water. All of these wharves are either of pile or braced-timber construction. A short distance to the east of the harbor, in Moosabec Reach, are located a public and a private wharf. The public wharf in Moosabec Reach is of solid-fill con- struction and open to all, while the private wharf is of pile con- struction and is used as the Beals terminal of the Jonesport-Beals ferry. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations con- sisted of engineering studies, preparation of plans and specifica- tions, and award of contract for improvement dredging of an anchorage about 600 feet long and varying from 1,000 feet wide at the 10-foot depth curve in Moosabec Reach to about 600 feet of the inner end. Costs from regular funds during the fiscal year amounted to $6,069, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project has not been initiated. The controlling depth at mean low water at the end of fiscal year 1956 was 2.1 feet. The work remaining to be done consists of dredging of the 10-foot anchorage. Total costs from regular funds in connection with this project for engineering and surveys were $6,069, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 1954 1955 1956 30, 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated---.. .. -----.---.------------------------ $135,000 ..------------ $135,000 Cost--------........ ------------------- --- -- ----------- 6,069 6,069 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ $14, 391 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------ -------------------------- __ 14,391 3. ISLE AU HAUT THOROUGHFARE, MAINE Location. This is a tidal strait about 11/2 miles -l ong between Isle Au Haut and Kimball Island, located off the coast of Maine in East Penobscot Bay about 25 miles east of Rockland.- (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 309.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 75 feet wide and 6 feet deep, approximately 1,200 feet long, through the shoal at RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION the easterly end of the waterway. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean tidal range is 9.1 feet and the spring range 10.4 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $86,000. The latest (1948) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $800. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (S. Doc. 15, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 8 wharves on the thoroughfare, all privately owned, none of which are open to the public. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of engineering studies, preparation of plans and specifications, and award of contract for improvement dredging of a 6-foot channel, 75 feet wide and about 1,200 feet long. Costs from regular funds during the fiscal year amounted to $4,211, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project has not been initiated. The controlling depth at mean low water is 2.0 feet (1940). The work remaining to be done consists of dredg- ing of the 6.0-foot channel. Total costs from regular funds in con- nection with this project for engineering and surveys were $4,211, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New Work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------ $86,000 $86,000 4,211 4,211 Cost.------------------------------...............................-----------.................. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $8, 509 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- --------------------------------------- 8, 509 4. HENDRICKS HARBOR, MAINE Location. Hendricks Harbor is located on the west side of Southport Island and on the east side of the Sheepscot River about 2 miles above its mouth. It is 50 miles northeast of Portland, Maine. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 314.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 30 feet wide and 9 feet deep at mean low water. The mean tidal range is 8.5 feet and the extreme range is 9.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $30,000. Maintenance costs will be negli- gible. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. The latest published map is contained ir the project document (S. Doc. 40, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 2 wharves and 4 small landings all privately owned, and not open to the public, 8 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operations and results during fiscal year. Improvement dredg- ing, by contract, to remove overburden and ledge rock to a depth of 9 feet at mean low water for a clear channel width of 30 feet in the entrance channel was started on June 4, 1956. Operations consisted mostly of contractor's preparations and drilling and blasting in the ledge area. Approximately 10 cubic yards of blasted rock were removed during the fiscal year. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $3,644, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction at Hendricks Harbor was initiated in June 1956. The project is about 10 per- cent complete. To complete the project there remains the comple- tion of the improvement dredging of the entrance channel. The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $3,644, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- -----------............................---....... --....----------------------- $30,000 $30,000 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------ 3,644 3,644 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- __- _ $3, 339 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------------- __________________ 3,339 5. KENNEBEC RIVER, MAINE Location. Kennebec River drains a large number of lakes and minor streams, and flows from Moosehead Lake about 150 miles in a southerly direction and discharges into the Atlantic Ocean about 25 miles east of Portland. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 288, 289, and 314.) Previous projects. The first project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1827. Modifications and additions were authorized by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, June 23, 1866, July 11, 1870, March 3, 1871, March 3, 1873, March 3, 1881, and August 11, 1888. For further details of previous projects see page 1735 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 52 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 27 feet deep and not less than 500 feet wide, extending from the mouth to the bridge at Bath; thence to Gardiner a channel not less than 150 feet wide, with a depth of 17 feet at Beef Rock Shoal, at the foot of Swan Island, 18 feet deep through rock at Lovejoy Narrows, near the head of Swan Island, decreasing to 16 feet deep at Gardiner; a channel west of Swan Island 100 feet wide, 12 feet deep, except at the upper shoal, where the depth was to be 15 feet; and a channel 125 feet wide and 11 feet deep from Gardiner upstream to Augusta, RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 9 at the head of navigation. The section of river included in the project is about 44 miles in length. The work includes dredging, rock excavation, and two riprap training walls. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean tidal range is 8.4 feet at the mouth of the river, 6.4 feet at Bath, 5.3 feet at Richmond, 5 feet at Gardiner, and 4.1 feet at Augusta. The spring tides are about 1 foot greater at the mouth and about 0.5 foot greater at Augusta. The cost of new work for the completed project was $1,090,529, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The por- tion of the project for dredging of the 27-foot channel from Bath Iron Works Corporation to 0.6 of a mile above the bridge at Bath is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing costs. The cost of this portion of the project was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $129,500. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $9,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 13, 1902 Channel between Augusta and Gardiner, Maine ... H. Doc. 262, 56th Cong., 1st sess.1 Mar. 2, 1907 Channel below Gardiner, Maine_----------------- H. Doc. 321, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 4, 1913 Channel west of Swan Island_ ----------- _ H. Doc. 746, 62d Cong., 2d sess.' Oct. 17, 1940 27-foot channel from mouth to Bath -------------- S. Doc. 55, 77th Cong., 1st sess.t I Contains the latest published maps. Recommended modification of project. In House Document No. 2107, 64th Congress, 2d session, it was recommended that the improvement and maintenance of the channel west of Swan Island, near the town of Richmond, be abandoned. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Wharves suitable for landing or loading are located at Bath., Woolwich, Richmond, Randolph, Gardiner, Hallowell, and Augusta. Of the 24 wharves located at Bath, 5 are publicly owned and 19 privately owned, about one-third of which are in poor repair and are little used. Rail connections are avail- able at 19 of the wharves at Bath. Depths alongside range from 12 to 25 feet. At the other points named above there are 16 wharves in usable condition. All but one are equipped with mechanism for handling passengers and freight. Those open to the public on equal terms are two at Hallowell and one each at Randolph and Augusta. None is publicly owned. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing by Government-owned hopper dredge Hyde to restore project depth in the 27-foot channel vicinity of North Sugarloaf Island, below Fiddler Reach, and between Doubling Point and Carlton Bridge was commenced October 2, 1955 and completed October 12, 1955. During the period 14,100 cubic yards (pay place plus na- tural shoaling) of ordinary material were removed. Costs during 10 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $30,208, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete. The controlling depths at mean low water in the Kennebec River from the mouth to Doubling Point are 24.3 feet (1956), with the exception of a shoal area along the northerly limit of the channel northwest of North Sugarloaf Island, having a controlling depth of 21.1 feet; 27.0 feet from Doubling Point, to the Bath Bridge (1956) ; 13 feet from Abagadasset Point to the Gardiner-Randolph Bridge, thence 8 feet to Augusta for the project channel widths (1942). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $1,393,915, of which $1,090,529 was for new work and $303,386 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 _ Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------ 1$1,599,940 Appropriated..------------------ ------------ ----------- -----------............ Cost .----------------............ ------------------------ ------------ -----------............... 1 1,599,940 Maintenance: . Appropriated_ ------------------ $60 $57,620 ----- -- $30, 208 303,386 Cost-----.--------- $72 2,321 57,620 ------------ 30,208 303,386 1Includes $509,411 for new work for previous projects. 6. PORTLAND HARBOR, MAINE Location. This harbor is on the southwestern coast of Maine about 100 miles northeast of Boston, Mass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 325.) Previous projects. Adopted by joint resolution of June 5, 1868, and River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872. For further details see page 1736 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 40 of Annual Report for 1936. Existing project. This provides for an anchorage area 35 feet deep at mean low water, approximately 170 acres in area, north- west of House Island; and anchorage area off the eastern end of the city, with a minimum depth of 30 feet; dredging a 35-foot channel from the westerly side of the Main State pier in the lower part of the main harbor through its channel of approach to the sea; dredg- ing to 35 feet the present 30-foot channel from the Maine State pier to Portland Bridge for its full width, thence to Vaughan Bridge for a width of 400 feet, thence to the Boston & Maine Rail- road bridge for a width of 300 feet; dredging a 35-foot turning basin easterly of Vaughan Bridge; and construction of stone break- water about 900 feet long from Spring Point to Spring Point Light; for a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the anchorage to the Grand Trunk Bridge at the mouth of Back Cove; for rock excavation to give a depth of 14 feet between the Grand Trunk and Tukey's Bridges, and a channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide thence to the head of Back Cove; for the removal of an ob- structing ledges in the main ship channel to a depth of 40 feet; for RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 11 a stone breakwater about 2,000 feet long on the southerly side of the mouth of the inner harbor; and the maintenance of Soldier Ledge Channel in Hussy Sound, Casco Bay, at a depth of 40 feet. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean tidal range is 8.9 feet, extreme 10.2 feet, though variations as great as 16 feet have been observed under storm conditions. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $4,620,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The portion of the project for ledge removal off Portland Head Light is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing estimate of cost for new work. The estimate for this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated at $133,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $47,600. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 4, 1836 Breakwater on southernly side of mouth of inner har- H. Doe. 491, 23d Cong., 1st sess. bor. June 23, 1866 Extension of breakwater. June 3, 1896 Dredging to 30 feet over greater part of inner harbor S. Doec. 271, 54th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 3, 1905 Extension of 30-foot depth up Fore River to Boston (sundry & Maine R. R. bridge and in channel of approach civil) to Back Cove. July 25, 1912 30-foot anchorage; 14 feet at entrance to Back Cove; H. Doe. 489, 62d Cong., 2d sess. restoration of 12-foot depth in Back Cove and 30- foot depth in the approach as well as in lower part of harbor. Aug. 8, 1917 = 35-foot depth in lower part of main harbor and the H. Doe. 71, 65th Cong., 1st sess. channel of approach, and removal of 2 obstructing ledges in main channel. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 35-foot anchorage, approximately 170 acres in area H. Doe. 560, 76th Cong., 3d sess. northwest of House Island. Do....... Maintenance of Soldier Ledge Channel in Hussey H. Doec. 730, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Sound, at depth of 40 feet. 1 July 24, 1946 Deepening 30-foot channel to 35 feet; 35-foot turning H. Doe. 510, 79th Cong., 2d sess. basin easterly of Vaughan Bridge; breakwater at Spring Point. 1 Contains the latest published maps. s Removal of 1 ledge inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 51 waterfront facilities, of which 3 are not used. Five of the wharves are publicly owned, 3 by the United States Government, 1 by the State of Maine, and 1 by the city of South Portland. Mechanical-handling facilities are avail- able at 15 of the wharves. Railroad connections have been made to 29 of them. The facilities are considered adequate for the needs of existing commerce. (For a further description of terminal facilities, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Northern New Eng- land No. 1 Revised 1953.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Improvement dredg- ing, by contract, in the 35-foot anchorage basin northwest of House Island and in the hard areas in Portland Harbor 35-foot channel extending from the Maine State pier to the Portland Bridge was started on May 8, 1956 and was still in progress at end of fiscal year. During the period 79,281 cubic yards of ordinary material and 62 cubic yards of boulders were removed from the hard areas in the 35-foot channel in Portland Harbor. Preparations were nearly completed for commencement of dredging House Island 12 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 anchorage by hydraulic process. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $79,948, all for new work. 'Conditions at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 88 percent complete. To complete the project there remains the completion of the dredging of the 35-foot anchorage area north- west of House Island, and the dredging of the hard areas in the 35-foot channel. The controlling depths at mean low water in the various improved channels of Portland Harbor were: 29 feet in the southerly quarter; 33 feet in the northerly half and 34 feet in the remaining quarter of the 35-foot channel from the sea to abreast the Maine State pier (1954) ; thence 28 feet in the south- erly quarter and 32 feet in the remaining three quarters of the 35- foot channel to the Portland Bridge (1954) ; thence 31 feet in the 35-foot Fore River channel to 200 feet downstream of the site of the Old Vaughan Bridge (1954) ; thence 35 feet to 200 feet up- stream of the site of the Old Vaughan Bridge (1955); thence 35 feet in the northerly three quarters; 31 feet in southerly quarter to the Boston and Maine Railroad bridge (1954) ; 18.0 feet in the entrance channel to Back Cove (1945) ; 13.0 feet between the Grand Trunk and Tukey's Bridges (1945); 8.0 feet in Back Cove (1945) ; 28.0 feet in the 30-foot anchorage (1951) ; from 16 to 45 feet in the 35-foot anchorage (1954). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $4,368,696, of which $3,346,253 was for new work and $1,022,443 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated--------........---------- -$21,423 $765,000 ...........------------ $275,000 1 $4,992,833 _ Cost---------------- $30,824 ------------------------ 5,907 79,948 14,038,688 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ 175,000 -6,903 $4,300 109,200 ----------- 1,022,443 Cost---------------- 160,930 7,167 3, 05 109,994 ....... 1,022,443 1 Includes $692,435 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -__. $34, 373 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------------ 334, 373 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______ ____- __-_____-__ 17, 000 7. WOOD ISLAND HARBOR, MAINE AND THE POOL AT BIDDEFORD Location. This harbor is situated at the southern end of Saco Bay immediately south of the mouth of the Saco River. It is 20 miles southwest of Portland, Maine, and 30 miles northeast of Portsmouth, N. H. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 231 and 1205.) Existing project. This provides for a basin in the Pool 6 feet deep, approximately 9.7 acres in extent, and 3 icebreakers south of RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 13 Fishermen's wharf. The main tidal range is 8.7 feet, and the spring range is 9.9 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $153,000 exclusive of $12,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest estimate of cost for annual maintenance, approved in 1950, is $3,800. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The latest published map is contained in the project document (H. Doc. 49, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 5 wharves in the harbor. Three are of pile and timber, and the other 2 are solid-fill construction. One wharf is used for the receipt of sea food, 2 are used in con- nection with a yacht club, and the remaining 2 are private. There is no public-owned wharf, but one of the wharfs is open to the public free of charge. None of the wharves have railroad connec- tions. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of engineering studies and surveys in connection with prepara- tion of plans and specifications. A contract for improvement dredging, by the hydraulic process, in the 6-foot basin in Bidde- ford Pool was awarded during the fiscal year. A contract for construction of 3 icebreakers within Biddeford Pool was also awarded. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $3,078, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work on the project has not been initiated. The controlling depths at mean low water were + 2.0 feet to 6.0 feet in the basin. Work remaining to be done consists of completion of the improvement dredging in the 6-foot basin and construction of 3 icebreakers. The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $3,078, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....----------------------------------------------- $153,000 $153,000 Cost.................------------------------------------------------------- 8,078 3,078 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------$9, 932 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---------------------------------------- 9,932 14 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-----........ ------------------------------------------ $12,000 $12,000 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------- $12,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------------------- 12, 000 8. PORTSMOUTH HARBOR AND PISCATAQUA RIVER, MAINE AND N. H. Location. The Piscataqua River forms a portion of the bound- ary between the states of Maine and New Hampshire. The mouth of this river is called Portsmouth Harbor. It is 45 miles northeast of Boston Harbor, Mass., and 37 miles southwest of Portland Harbor, Maine. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 229 and No. 329.) Previous project. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of 1879 and modified in 1890. For further details see Annual Report for 1892. Existing project. This provides for the removal of ledge rock areas in the vicinity of Gangway Rock, the southwest point of Badgers Island and Boiling Rock to a depth of 35 feet. The exist- ing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of Septem- ber 3, 1954. The latest published map is in House Document No. 556, 82d Congress, 2d session. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $1,175,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is negligible. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are 14 wharves within the limits of Portsmouth Harbor in addition to those at the naval base, 10 of which are on the Portsmouth side and 4 on the Kittery side. On the westerly bank of the Piscataqua River, within the project limits, there are 4 wharves serving 7 major industries and bulk fuel terminals. At Portsmouth there is a public landing area maintained by the city of Portsmouth, having a berthing space 240 feet in area with a depth of 6 feet at mean low water. Operations and results during fiscal year. A continuing con- tract for improvement dredging of the 35-foot channel by ledge removal in three separate areas designated as Gangway Rock, southwest end of Badgers Island and Boiling Rock was awarded during the fiscal year. Operations were commenced on June 21, 1956, and were still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the period 1,816 cubic yards of ledge rock were drilled and blasted. Costs from regular funds during the fiscal year for this work amounted to $62,281, all for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 15 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in June 1956 and the percentage of completion is negligible. To complete the project there remains the removal of ledge rock areas in the vicinity of Gangway Rock, the southwest point of Badgers Island and Boiling Rock to a depth of 35 feet. The controlling depths at mean low water were: ledge areas Gang- way Rock 21 feet; ledge area southwest point of Badgers Island 20 feet; ledge at Boiling Rock 19 feet (1951). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $62,281, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------........ -----------------............---- ............ --------............-- ---------...........$300,000 $430,393 Cost------------------------------------------------------.......... ........................ 62,281 192,674 1 Includes $130,393 for new work for previous project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___- __ $12, 615 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ 875, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___________ ___ 887, 615 9. ISLES OF SHOALS HARBOR, MAINE AND N. H. Location. A group of islands in the open sea about 6 miles northeast of Portsmouth Harbor, N. H. Three of them, Smutty- nose, Cedar, and Star Islands, are so situated that, with the shoals connecting them, they afford a small harbor of fair depth, open only to the west and northwest, known as Gosport Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 330.) Previous projects. The first work of improvement by the Gov- ernment was ordered by the Act of March 3, 1821. Subsequent modifications and additions were authorized by the act of May 7, 1822, and the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1902. For scope of previous projects see page 1739 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing projects. This provides for the construction of three rough stone breakwaters as follows: One from Smuttynose Island westwardly to Malaga Island on the north side of the harbor, having a length of 240 feet; one extending southeastw$ardly from Smuttynose Island to Cedar Island, protecting the harbor on the east, having a length of 700 feet; and a third extending south- westwardly from Cedar Island to Star Island, affording protection from the southeast and south, having a length of 530 feet. The mean tidal range is 8.7 feet and the extreme 9.9 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $39,238, ex- clusive of amounts expended under previous projects. There is no approved estimate of cost for maintenance. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act 16 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 approved June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. 1122, 60th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is printed in the Annual Report for 1913, page 1530. Local cooperation. None. Terminal facilities. There is one wharf near the hotel on Star Island which is used to accommodate a passenger steamer plying between Portsmouth, N. H., and the Island during 3 months of the summer. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs from regular funds for maintenance in the amount of $14,022 were incurred during the fiscal year in making final payment on a contract for restoration of the riprap breakwater between Star and Cedar Islands, which was completed in 1955. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1913. The three breakwaters are in good condition. The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $108,387, of which $39,238 was for new work and $69,149 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated-------------------- ,,-------- -----....... _ ------------ __------------ 1$80,691 Cost .---------- -------------------- Maintenance: --------------------------------- 80,691 Appropriated-------------------............ ...........-- $40,000----------- $2,100 -$3,013 69,149 Cost --------------------------- 1,254 $18,163 1,448 14,022 69,149 1Includes $41,453 for new work for previous projects. 10. GLOUCESTER HARBOR AND ANNISQUAM RIVER, MASS. Location. Gloucester Harbor is situated at the southern ex- tremity of Cape Ann, about 23 miles northeast by water from Boston Harbor. Annisquam River is a narrow tidal waterway ex- tending across the base of Cape Ann from Gloucester Harbor on the south side to Ipswich Bay on the north side, a distance of ap- proximately 4 miles. A reach of this waterway, at the Gloucester Harbor end, for a length of about 1,800 feet, is known as the Blynman Canal. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 243.) Previous projects. Projects for Gloucester Harbor were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, August 5, 1886, and June 3, 1896. There were no previous projects for Annisquam River. For further details see page 1740 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 50 of Annual Report for 1937. Existing project. This provides: Gloucester Harbor: a. For a rubbletstone breakwater 2,250 feet long, surmounted by a superstructure of dry walls of heavy split stone enclosing a core of rubblestone from Eastern Point over Dog Bar to Cat Ledge. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 17 b. For the removal of three ledges in the inner harbor, 1 to 12 feet and 2 to 15 feet depth at mean low water, and five ledges in the outer harbor, 4 to 18 feet and 1 to 25 feet depth at mean low water, aggregating a total of 2,206 cubic yards, place measurement. c. For removal to depth of 15 feet below mean low water of ledges and boulders obstructing the approach to the wharves be- tween Harbor Cove and Pews wharf, near the head of the inner harbor; dredging to the same depth the channel leading past the wharves and dredging Harbor Cove to the depth of 10 feet at mean low water. Annisquam River: For a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water 60 feet wide from Gloucester Harbor to the Boston & Maine Rail- road bridge, 100 feet wide from the railroad bridge to the mouth of the river, and 200 feet wide across the bar in Ipswich Bay, in- cluding the removal of a ledge near the Gloucester Harbor en- trance; and for a dredged anchorage area about 17 acres in extent and 8 feet deep at the entrance of Lobster Cove. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean range of tide in Gloucester Harbor is 8.7 feet; the ex- treme range is 12.6 feet. The mean range of tide in Annisquam River is 8.5 feet; the extreme range is about 10 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $740,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $25,000 to be con- tributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $11,900. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11, 1888 Removal of ledges and boulders, and dredging in Annual Report, 1887, p. 503. Gloucester Harbor. Aug. 18, 1894 Construction of breakwater at entrance to Gloucester H. Ex. Doc. 56, 48th Cong., 2d Harbor from Eastern Point to Round Rock Shoal. sess., and Annual Report, 1885. p. 534. June 13, 1902 Termination at Cat Ledge of breakwater authorized Annual Report, 1902, p. 89. by act of Aug. 18, 1894. June 25, 1910 Removal of 8 ledges in Gloucester Harbor----------... H. Doc. 1112, 60th Cong., 2d sess.' Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging in Annisquam River and removal of a ledge Rivers and Harbors Committee, in Gloucester Harbor near the entrance to Annis- Doc. 39, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' quam River. Mar. 2, 1945 Dredging 8-foot anchorage area in Lobster Cove, H. Doc. 329, 77th Cong., 1st sess.1 Annisquam River. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests contribute one-third of the initial cost of the improvement, but not to exceed $25,000, furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the improvement and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. Assurances of local cooperation were furnished during fiscal year 1949. Terminal facilities. There are in Gloucester Harbor 61 wharves worthy of mention. The depth beside the wharves varies from 0 to 20 feet at mean low water. Except for 3 wharves, 2 owned by 18 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S.ARMY, 1956 the city and the fish pier which is leased by the city from the Com- monwealth of Massachusetts, all are private and are not available to the public. There are two commercial wharves on Annisquam River on the east bank. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce of the port. For full description see Port and Terminal Facilities at the Ports of Northern New Eng- land, 1941. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Preliminary work in connection with maintenance dredging was initiated during the fiscal year at a cost of $5,174 from regular funds for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 77 percent complete. The existing project was completed in 1936 except for dredging the anchorage area in Lobster Cove in the Annisquam River. The removal of all ledges and boulders in Gloucester Harbor between Harbor Cove and Pews Wharf, and other obstructing rocks was completed in 1894; and the removal of a pinnacle rock in the outer harbor in 1896. The breakwater, which was completed in 1905, was repaired in 1940 and is in good condition. The removal of all ledges to project depth was com- pleted in 1916. The improvement of Annisquam River was com- pleted in 1936 at a cost of $33,976. The controlling depths over the ledges in the outer harbor in 1916 were from 18 to 25 feet; over ledge C in the inner harbor in 1931, 14 feet; and over ledges A and B in the inner harbor in 1940, 13 and 15 feet respectively; 7 feet in the channel from Ipswich Bay to Gloucester Harbor with the exception of encroachments on the west side of the channel abreast Pearce Island having a depth of 0 feet, and on the east side of the channel just north of Rust Island having a depth of 2 feet (1953), 5 feet in the northwesterly third and +5 feet in the remaining part of the Lobster Cove anchorage. The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $720,196, of which $535,154 was for new work and $185,042 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated--------........-------------- ------------------------------------ $556,154 Cost----------- -------------------------------------------------------- 556,154 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ --------- ------------ $2,200 $2,000 $4,802 185,042 Cost----------------------------------- --............ 1,916 1,912 5,174 185,042 1 Includes $21,000 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- 000 $-----------$230, 11. LYNN HARBOR, MASS. Location. This harbor, formed by natural indentation of the coast line, is distant about 14 miles by water in a northeasterly RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 19 direction from Boston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 240.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882, August 11, 1888, June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910, and July 3, 1930. For further details see page 37 of the Annual Report for 1934, and page 52 of the Annual Report for 1936. Existing project. This provides for a channel 22 feet deep and 300 feet wide from deepwater west of Bass Point, Nahant, to and including a turning basin 550 feet wide at the head of the harbor, and for enlarging the turning basin to include the easterly 300 feet of the Municipal Channel. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $87,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $8,000 to be contributed by local interests. Deepening of the 22-foot channel to a 25-foot depth has been deferred for restudy and is excluded from the foregoing costs. The cost of this deferred portion of the project was last revised in 1955 and was estimated to be $720,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,800. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 7, 71st Cong., 1st sess.), and Sep- tember 3, 1954, H. Doc. 568, 81st Cong., 2d sess. (Contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Conditions of local cooperation in connection with the existing project, which provide that local interests shall deepen to 25 feet the channel previously dredged by them to a depth of 22 feet; and contribute $8,000 toward the cost of deepen- ing the widened turn into the Municipal Channel to that depth, have not yet been complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of 17 wharves of which 14 are situated in the main harbor and 3 in the Saugus River. Fifteen of these wharves are private and 2 are public, the latter 2 owned by the city of Lynn. Their construction consists chiefly of solid filled stone or timber bulkheads, with timber and pile extension. The total berthing space is 6,200 feet. Of the 14 wharves in the main harbor, 4 are used for the receipt of coal, 1 for the receipt of lumber, 2 for the receipt of fish and lobsters, and 2 in connection with yacht clubs. Five of the wharves are inactive and in poor condition. These latter wharves include 2 which are owned by the city. One of the wharves has railroad connections and 3 have mechanical-handling facilities. There are 3 wharves in the Saugus River. One is used for the receipt of coal and oil for a large maufacturing plant, one for fish, and the other is used intermittently for general cargoes. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for the existing commerce. (For the latest full description of terminal facilities see Port and Terminal Facilities at the Ports of Northern New England-1941.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs from regular funds in the amount of $533 for new work were incurred during the fiscal year in connection with preliminary engineering studies. Condition at end of fiscal year. A 22-foot channel was com- pleted in 1935, except for enlargement of the turning basin to in- clude the.easterly 300 feet of the Municipal Channel. To complete 20 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the project there remains the dredging of the bend into the Munici- pal Channel. The controlling depths at mean low water were: approximately 20 feet deep in the center half of the 25-foot channel, and approximately 17 feet deep in the outside quarters (1950); generally 20 feet deep in the turning basin (1950). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $533, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--..------.------.---. --------------------------------- $533 $755,576 Cost ------------------------------------- 533 755,576 Maintenance: Appropriated------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 102,501 Cost---------------- ----- ----------------------------------------------- 102,501 1 Includes $755,043 for new work and $102,501 for maintenance for previous project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____ _-- -- --- _ $87,000 12. MYSTIC RIVER, MASS. Location. The Mystic River rises in Mystic Lakes, Mass., flows in a southeasterly direction, and empties into Boston Harbor near the Boston Naval Shipyard. It is 7 miles in length. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 248 and U. S. Geological Survey Chart, "Boston.") Previous projects. Original project for the lower Mystic was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1899, and cur- tailed by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. For further details see page 1743 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 59 of Annual Report for 1938. There has been no previous project for the upper Mystic. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep, ex- tending from the upper limit of the 35-foot channel of Boston Harbor at the Mystic River Bridge to approximately 300 feet down- stream of the Malden Bridge, having widths varying from about 940 feet at its lower end, to about 1,060 feet at a point about 1,200 feet below the Malden Bridge, thence decreasing to 150 feet at its upper limit; a channel 20 feet deep from the head of the existing 35-foot channel to a point 800 feet above the Malden Bridge, with widths decreasing from 150 feet at the lower end to 75 feet through the drawspan, thence increasing to approximately 340 feet to form a turning basin above the bridge; a channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the Boston & Maine Railroad (western division) Bridge to about 2,500 feet above Wellington Bridge, about 1 mile, and thence 4 feet deep, gradually narrowing from 100 feet to 50 feet at the upper end for about 2 miles to the head of commercial navigation at Craddock Bridge in Medford. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean range of tide is 9.6 feet at RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 21 Mystic River Bridge, 9.6 feet at Wellington Bridge, and 9.3 feet at Craddock Bridge. The extreme range is 13.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $3,370,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $16,700. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 13, 1892 Improvement of the upper Mystic---------------................... Annual Report, 1891, p. 672. June 25, 1910 Improvement of channel downstream from mouth of H. Doc. 1086, 60th Cong., 2d sess. Island End River to the 35-foot channel of Boston Harbor. Aug.30,19351 Improvement of channel upstream from mouth of Rivers and Harbors Committee, Island End River to city playground at Charles- Doc. 33, 74th Cong., 1st sess. town. June 20, 1938 Improvement of channel upstream from city play- H. Doc. 542, 75th Cong., 3d sess. ground at Charlestown to a point 800 feet above the Malden Bridge. 2 May 17, 1950 Improvement of the channel from the upper limit of H. Doc. 645, 80th Cong., 2d sess. the 35-foot Boston Harbor channel to the Malden Bridge. 1 Also Emergency Relief Act of 1935. 2 Contains latest published map; a map showing the entire river is published in H. Doe. 2108, 64th Cong. 2d sess. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. In the section of the river benefited by the 35-foot channel project there are on the south bank of the river four wharves aggregating over 4,000 feet of berthing space used for the receipt, storage, and shipment of coal, lumber, and gypsum. These wharves consist of substantial stone or wooden bulkheads filled solid, and in some cases fronted by pile platforms. There is also on the south bank a lumber terminal, the largest of its kind on the Atlantic coast. It is equipped with the most modern mechan- ical appliances, has railroad connection, and occupies 4,400 feet of water front. On the north bank of the river within the scope of this improvement there is a large wharf for receipt and shipment of oil on an extensive scale; immediately adjacent to this wharf is an extensive terminal constructed in connection with an iron works; downstream of the Malden Bridge there is a wharf for receipt of oil in connection with electric generating plant; on the west bank of Island End River, which flows into Mystic River on the north about midway of the 35-foot channel, are situated two large term- inal wharves, of 800 feet dockage, for receipt and shipment of coal, coke, tar, and oil. These wharves are connected with the 35-foot channel by a channel 30 feet deep at mean low water, dredged by private interests. None of the above wharves is publicly owned, and none is open to general public use. Beyond the scope of the authorized 35-foot channel improvement, and within the scope of the 20-foot channel and the improvement of the upper Mystic, there are on the south bank in Charlestown and Somerville about 1,850 feet, and on the north bank in Medford about 1,235 feet of available dockage, of which 450 feet on the south bank and 435 feet on the north bank are customarily in use. A large automobile assembly plant is located on the south bank in Somerville. 22 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The existing wharves consist of stone and wooden bulkheads, solid filled. None is publicly owned, but two are open to the public on payment of wharfage charges. The capacities of the lower Mystic are being utilized to a gratifying extent. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further de- tails see "The Port of Boston, Mass.-Port Series No. 3-Revised 1946.") Operationsand results during fiscal year. Improvement dredg- ing, by contract, in the 35-foot channel extending from the Boston Harbor 35-foot channel to about 300 feet downstream of the Malden Bridge, with widths varying from 700 to 1,050 feet was com- menced on January 29, 1956, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the period 609,089 cubic yards of ordinary material and 40 cubic yards of boulders were removed. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $643,969, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 30 percent completed. To complete the project there remains the dredging of the 35-foot channel including the removal of ledge in the channel. The controlling depths at mean low water in Mystic River at the time the various sections were last surveyed were: approximately 20 to 30 feet in the upper half and 32 feet in the lower half of the 35-foot channel (1956); 20 feet in the 20-foot channel (1948); 3 feet in the 6-foot channel, 3 feet in the 4-foot channel, but narrowed in width (1946). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $1,145,904, of which $937,311 was for new work and $208,593 was for maintenance. The total costs under emergency relief appropriation funds have been $476,783, all for new work. The total costs under all funds have been $1,622,687, of which $1,414,094 was for new work and $208,593 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 New work: Appropriated-----------........ ------------------------------------ $800,000 $1,695,848 Cost ..------. ------------ .----------------------------------- 643,969 1,539,817 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $155,000 -$6,566 ------------ -- --- 218,875 Cost--.--......-.----118,647 29,787-------------------- 218,875 t Includes $125,723 for new work and $10,282 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----- $26, 293 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957. 1, 200, 000 Unobligated :balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------ 1,226, 293 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project.--.-,------ ----------- 600, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 23 13. BOSTON HARBOR, MASS. Location. This harbor includes all the expanse of tidewater lying within a line from Point Allerton to Point Shirley and extend- ing from that line westward to the mainland. This comprises an area of about 47 square miles, exclusive of the islands. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 246 and 248.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1867, June 14, 1880, September 19, 1890, June 3, 1896, and July 25, 1912. For further details see page 1743 of Annual Report for 1915, page 81 of Annual Report for 1917, and page 63 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. A channel 40 feet deep in general, but 45 feet deep through rock, from the sea to President Roads through Broad Sound, 2 miles, 900 feet wide except at the outer edge where it is widened to 1,100 feet. b. Deepening to 40 feet the main ship channel from President Roads to about 200 feet northerly of the site of Mystic Pier No. 1 Charlestown; having widths varying from 600 feet to 1,200 feet with suitable widening at the bends. Length about 5.5 miles. c. An anchorage area 2,000 feet wide, 5,500 feet long, and 40 feet deep, on the north side of President Roads. d. Extension of President Roads anchorage 700 feet to the north and 500 feet to the west at a depth of 40 feet, and dredging an area to 35 feet lying west of the anchorage. e. Deepening to 40 feet that part of the approach channel to the United States Navy drydock No. 3 at South Boston between the main ship channel and the United States harbor line. f. A channel 35 feet deep along the same line as the 40-foot main ship channel in the following manner: adjacent to the westerly side of the 40-foot main ship channel through Broad Sound 600 feet wide, a distance: of about 2 miles; adjacent to the northerly side of the 40-foot main ship channel from President Roads to abreast the Fish Pier 600 feet wide, a distance of about three miles; adjacent to the westerly side of 40-foot main ship channel from abreast Fort Point Channel to the Mystic River and Charlestown Bridges and the entrance to the Chelsea River, having widths varying from 100 feet to 1,000 feet, a distance of about 2 miles. g. A channel 2 miles long, 30 feet deep, and 1,200 feet wide from the sea to President Roads through Broad Sound by a less direct route than the 35- and 40-foot channels. h. A channel 27 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide from Nantasket Roads to President Roads known as the "Narrows" GChannel, 3 miles. i. A channel 15 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and 550 feet long through the bar which extends from the north head of Long Island to Nixes Mate Shoal, known as "Nixes Mate" or "Nubble" Channel. j. A channel in Chelsea River 30 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide, from the mouth of the river, at the head of the 35-foot chan- nel in Boston Harbor, to a point about 1 mile upstream of the Chelsea Street Bridge, a distance of about 2 miles, thence a chan- nel 8.4 feet deep to the Boston & Maine Railroad Bridge 150 feet 24 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 wide, a distance of about one-half mile. k. Improvement of Reserved Channel east of L Street Bridge by a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide. 1. The Fort Point Channel, 20 feet in the center half of the channel width and 12 feet in the easterly quarter and 13 feet in the westerly quarter. m. Seawalls of coursed stone and riprap protecting the most ex- posed headlands and islands. All depths are referred to mean low water. The mean range of tide is 9 feet at Boston Light, and 9.5 feet at Commonwealth Pier, in Chelsea Creek, and in Fort Point Channel. The extreme range is about 4 feet greater. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $20,901,000, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects of seawalls for which no estimate was given. The latest (1955) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $154,700. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1825 Preservation of islands by seawalls. Aug. 5, 1886 Fort Point Channel . . .. H. Ex. Doc. 206, 48th Cong., 2d ..-------------------------- sess. Annual Report, 1885, p. 543. Channel 15 feet deep from Long Island to Nixes Mate Annual Report 1887, p. 517. Shoal (Nixes Mate or Nubble Channel). July 13, 1892 Channel 27 feet deep from Nantasket Roads to Presi- Annual Report, 1893, p. 766. dent Roads. Mar. 3, 1899 For 300-foot channel from sea to the President Roads H. Doc. 133, 55th Cong., 2d sess. through Broad Sound by less direct route than the Annual Report, 1898, p. 886. 35- and 40-foot channels. June 13, 1902 For 35-foot channel from the sea to Boston Naval H. Doe. 119, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Shipyard, Chelsea and Charles River Bridges. Annual Report, 1901, p. 1096. Elimination from the project of the removal of Finns Authorized by Chief of Engineers Ledge at the outer entrance. Mar. 11, 1913. Aug. 8, 1917 Depth of 40 feet (45 feet in rocks) in Broad Sound H. Doc. 931, 63d Cong., 2d seas.' Channel. Aug. 30,1935! Present project dimensions of channel from President H. Doe. 244, 72d Cong., 1st seas. Roads to Commonwealth pier No. 1, East Boston and anchorage area north side of President Roads. Do-....... Present project dimensions of that part of approach Rivers and Harbors Committee channel to U. S. Navy drydock No. 3, at South Doc. 29, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' Boston between Main Ship Channel and United States harbor line. Aug. 26, 1937 Chelsea River Channel, 30 feet deep ................ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 24, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' Oct. 17, 1940 Reserved channel 30 feet deep ........------------------- H. Do. 225, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' Sept. 7, 1940 Abandons seaplane channel authorized in River and Public Law 420, 78th Cong. Harbor Act approved Oct. 17, 1940 (H. Doc. 262, 1 76th Cong., 1st sess.). Mar. 2, 1945 Extension of 40-foot channel ....................... H. Doc. 733, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' July 24, 1946 Ixtension of President Roads anchorage-............- H. Doc. 244, 80th Cong., 1st sess.' 1 Contains latest published maps. See also Annual Report 1911, p. 1178 (seawalls and Nixes Mate 2 Channel) and Annual Report, 1903, p. 770 (Fort Point Channel). Authorized in part by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 183 wharves and piers in the Harbor, not including the Mystic River, Weymouth Fore River, and Town River, which are reported elsewhere. In addition, there are 4 ferry slips and 2 car floats. Of the terminals, 28 are publicly owned, 3 are open to public use, 77 have mechanical-handling facilities, and 57 have railroad connections. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for the present requirements of commerce. (For RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 25 the latest full description of Terminal Facilities, see Port Series No. 3--the Port of Boston, Mass., revised 1946.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Snagging operations, by hired labor, for the month of July, and by contract for the balance of the fiscal year, were carried on throughout the year. Surveys, by hired labor, in preparation for maintenance dredging by Government-owned hopper dredge were made in the upper harbor below the Meridian Street Bridge. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $6,682, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year The existing project is about 84 percent completed, the remaining portion consisting of dredging the extension of President Roads anchorage 700 feet to the north and 500 feet to the west at a depth of 40 feet, and dredging an area to 35 feet lying west of the anchorage; and the completion of the 40-foot main ship channel to project width for a distance of about 4,000 feet along the east side at the upstream end of the project. The seawalls have a total length of about 3.75 miles and have been built and maintained on Great Brewster, Lovells, Gallups, Long, Rainsford, Deer, and Georges Islands and on Point Allerton. The "Nixes Mate" or Nubble Channel was completed in 1892; the 30- foot channel in 1905; and 27-foot channel in 1907; Fort Point Channel in 1909; the 35-foot channel in 1915; the Broad Sound 40-foot channel in 1930; the 40-foot anchorage in 1937, except for the incompleted extension noted above; the 30-foot Chelsea River Channel in 1940, except for the small area immediately below the Chelsea Street Bridge, which was completed in 1946; and the 30- foot Reserved Channel in 1941. The controlling depths at mean low water in the various im- proved channels of Boston Harbor at the dates they were last sur- veyed were: a. Broad Sound 40-foot channel, 39 feet (1952). b. Main 40-foot ship channel to Commonwealth pier No. 1, 37 feet in northerly three-quarters of the channel, 34 feet in the southerly quarter (1952). Commonwealth pier No. 1 to 200 feet northerly of Mystic pier No. 1, 40 feet (1951). c. Approach to Navy drydock No. 3, 40 feet (1938). d. President Roads anchorage; 37 to 39 feet in the northerly half of the ancholage, 40 feet in the remainder (1952). e. Extension to President Roads anchorage and 35-foot area 15 to 35 feet (1945). f. Broad Sound 35-foot channel, 37 feet (1952). g. Main 35-foot area 15 to 35 feet (1945). h. Narrows Channel, generally 27 feet with the exception of an encroachment 150 feet into the northerly limit of the channel in the vicinity of "Narrows Light," a depth of + 5.2 feet in this shoal (1952). i. Nubble Channel, 15 feet (1951). j. Chelsea River, 30 feet (1953), 8.0 feet in the 8.4-foot channel (1936). k. Reserved Channel, 30 feet (1952) 1. Fort Point Channel 20 feet in three-quarters of the channel width and 16 feet in the easterly quarter (1952). 26 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds--------------..............---------------.............. $14,414,832 $1, 956,674 $16,371,506 Public works funds_------------------------ 1,030,806 ------- ------- - 1,030,806 Emergency relief funds------------------- 935,303 ....------------------ 935,303 Total----.... ---... -----.-........ - 16, 380,941 1,956,674 18,337,615 In addition $17,767 has been expended from contributed funds, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated. Cost_ _-- -- --- -- -$38,538 511,140 ........................ - - $17,846,064 $----------------------------- 17,846, 064 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ----- Cost----------------- 235,000 260,501 $127,000 124,059 $7,500 52,384 $8,870 12,455 $5,873 6,682 3a1,974,622 1,974, 554 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---------------------------------- $1,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957________------------- 1, 000, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_------------------------ 3, 510, 000 1Includes $1,465,123 for new work and $17,879 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Includes $935,303 expended for new work from emergency relief funds. Also includes $1,030,806 ex- pended for new work from public works funds. 3 In addition $17,767 was expended for maintenance from contributed funds. 14. DORCHESTER BAY AND NEPONSET RIVER, MASS. Location. Dorchester Bay is situated at the mouth of Neponset River, in Boston Harbor. Neponset River rises in Foxboro, Mass., and flows in a northeasterly direction about 25 miles, emptying into Dorchester Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 246.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the Boston Harbor main ship channel to Com- mercial Point, thence 15 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the Nepon- set Highway Bridge. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean range of tide is 9.6 feet and the extreme range is 13.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $1,083,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,300. The existing project was authboized by the following River and Harbor Acts: The act of March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. 83, 59th Cong,, 2d sess.), provided for the 15-foot channel, and the act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 394, 77th Cong., lst sess.), provides for the 25-foot channel. The latest published map is in the last project document. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 27 Local cooperation. Conditions were imposed by the act of March 2, 1907, that the portion of the river from Neponset High- way Bridge to Milton Mills should be dredged and maintained by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or other agency to the depth of 6 feet at mean low water, 100 feet wide up to the Granite Street Bridge, 1.15 miles; 75 feet wide thence to Godfreys wharf, 1.25 miles; and thence 50 feet wide to the railroad bridge at Milton, a distance of 250 feet. These conditions were accepted by resolves of the Legislature of Massachusetts, approved June 24, 1907, and March 5, 1908. The river was dredged by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1910 and has been maintained periodically by the Commonwealth since that date. Construction of the 25-foot chan- nel is contingent upon local interests providing a 6-million barrel capacity oil terminal at Commercial Point, and these requirements of local cooperation have not been met. Terminal facilities. There are 15 wharves located on these waterways which are used for commercial purposes: 4 handle lumber, 4 are not being used, 1 is used for receiving and storing coal, 1 for receiving and storing coal and oil, and 1 for receiving oil and stone, 1 is a mooring wharf, 1 an outfitting wharf for recrea- tional craft and 1 is used in connection with shipbuilding and repair, and 1 for loading garbage scows. Six have mechanical- handling facilities and 2 have railroad connections. For full description see the Port of Boston, Mass.-Port Series 3--Revised 1946. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to restore the 15-foot channel between Dorchester Bay and Commercial Point and the Neponset River Channel from Commercial Point upstream to the highway bridge was started on June 15, 1956, and was still in progress at end of fiscal year. Approximately 20,000 cubic yards of ordinary material were re- moved during the period. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $23,000 all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 12 percent completed. To complete the project there remains the dredging of a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the Boston Harbor main ship channel to Commercial Point. Controlling depths were 17 feet in Dorchester Bay to about 3,000 feet downstream of Commercial Point (1953); thence 13 feet to Commercial Point (1953) ; thence 8 feet to the New York, New Haven and: Hartford Railroad bridge (1953); thence 13 feet to Neponset Highway Bridge (1953). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $153,341, of which $94,584 was for new work and $58,757 was for maintenance. 28 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--.....------------ ----------------------- ------------ ------------ $94, 584 Cost ................. Cost----------- ----------------------------------- ----------- - ---------- 94,584 94,584 Maintenance: ............-- Appropriated----------------- $3,000 $834- . $148,650 184,407 Cost----------------- .............................--------- 2,025 141 ------------.... 23,000 58,757 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -__- _ $988, 000 15. TOWN RIVER, MASS. Location. Town River is a tidal river 2 miles long, lying entirely within the limits of the city of Quincy, just south of Boston, Mass. It flows in an easterly direction and empties into Weymouth Fore River at Quincy Point. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 246.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. For further details, see page 65 of Annual Report for 1907, and page 69 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project was adopted August 26, 1937, and modified September 3, 1954, and provides for a channel 27 feet deep and generally 250 feet wide extending from the junc- tion with Weymouth Fore River to a point 1.3 miles upstream; with a turning basin 24 feet deep, 450 feet wide, and approximately 1,000 feet long at the inner end; a 15-foot channel, 100 feet wide, continuing from the end of the 27-foot channel to a point just below the Quincy Electric Light and Power Company plant. The mean range of tide is 9.5 feet. The extreme range is 11 feet. The estimate of Federal cost for new work (1955) is $813,000, exclusive of amounts expended under the previous project. In addition, local interests have contributed $295,763. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $13,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 26, 1937, and September 3, 1954, as follows: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 24 feet deep, 150 feet wide; turning basin 18 H. Doc. 96, 75th Cong., 1st sess. feet deep, 400 feet wide; channel 15 feet deep, 100 feet wide. Sept. 3, 1954 Channel 27 feet deep, 150 feet wide--------------............... H. Doc. 108, 83d Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map). Do....... Turning basin 24 feet deep, 450 feet wide-------------............ Do. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. On the south bank of Town River are located 8 wharves, 3 of which are used for boat building and repair work, 3 used for receipt of petroleum products, 1 for receiving and storing lumber, and 1 for receiving scrap materials. On the north RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 29 bank of the river is located a yacht building and repair yard. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. For full description, see the Port of Boston, Mass.-Port Series 3- Revised 1946. Operationsand results during fiscal year. A continuing contract for improvement dredging in the 27-foot channel generally 250 feet wide extending from the junction with Weymouth Fore River to the upstream end of the existing 24-foot channel and in the 24- foot turning basin at its upstream end was awarded on April 17, 1956. Operations consisted of contractor's preparations for the remainder of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year preliminary Government costs from regular funds in connection with this work for engineering, surveys, plans, and specifications were $6,238 for new work. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 35 percent completed. To complete the project there re- mains the dredging of the 27-foot channel and the 24-foot turning basin. The controlling depths at mean low water were: 24 feet in the 27-foot channel (1955) ; 14 feet in the 15-foot channel (1953) ; +2 feet to 20 feet in the 24-foot turning basin (1955). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $374,660, of which $266,867 was for new work and $107,793 was for maintenance. In addition the sum of $111,763 from con- tributed funds was expended for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 New work: ------------..------------...... ......------------ Appropriated........ ................. ------------ $250,000 1 $535,629 Cost----------- ------------------------------------------------ 6,238 1291,867 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------------- $718 $40,000 -$3,715 120,370 Cost----------------------------- 718 1,668 34,617 120,370 1Includes $25,000 for new work and $12,577 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------$23, 762 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 302, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 325, 762 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ----------- Appropriated....--. ---------------------- ------------$194,000 $295,763 Cost. ------------------------------------------------------------ 111,763 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $111, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------------------------------- 111, 000 30 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 16. CAPE COD CANAL, MASS. Location. This waterway is a sea level canal, extending from the head of Buzzards Bay, Mass., to a point on Cape Cod Bay about 15 miles southeast of Plymouth Harbor, Mass. In general direc- tion the canal trends from Buzzards Bay easterly to Cape Cod Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 251 and 1208.) Existing project. This provides for the purchase of the Cape Cod Canal, including a 600-foot jetty and a 3,000-foot breakwater at the east end of the canal at a cost to the United States of $11,500,000; for an open canal 32 feet deep at mean low water, with widths of 540 feet in the land cut, 500 feet in a straight chan- nel in Buzzards Bay to Wings Neck, and 700 feet beyond Wings Neck, mooring basins consisting of a basin on the south side of Hog Island channel 4,000 feet long, with widths varying from 0 to 400 feet, 32 feet deep at mean low water, and a basin at Sandwich 3,260 feet long, with widths varying from 0 to 385 feet, and 25 feet deep at mean low water; the construction of two fixed highway bridges having horizontal clearance of 500 feet, and a vertical clearance of 135 feet at mean high water; the construction of a vertical lift railroad bridge with a 500-foot span and 135-foot clearance above mean high water when the span is raised; an improved lighting system; other accessory and minor features which may be deemed necessary and to be in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, which include a dike extending southwesterly 10,700 feet from Stony Point, a dike between Hog and Mashnee Islands, a dike between Hog Island and Rocky Point, a small East Boat Basin, 13 feet deep at mean low water on the south bank of the canal, and a small West Boat Basin 18 feet deep at mean low water on the north bank of the canal; a harbor of refuge for small vessels by dredging a channel 150 feet wide and 15 feet deep at mean low water into Onset Bay and to the town wharf in the village of Onset; for enlargement of the 15-foot turning basin at the town wharf and for an anchorage basin of about 16 acres, having a depth of 8 feet below mean low water, located contiguous to the proposed 15-foot channel and turning basin. The land cut is 7.7 miles long, and with approach channels, the total length of the canal is 171/2 miles. The mean range of tide in Cape Cod Bay at the Cape Cod Canal entrance is 9.4 feet and in Buzzards Bay 4 feet at the Cape Cod Canal entrance. The mean range of spring tides is about 13 feet in Cape Cod Bay, and 6.5 feet in Buzzards Bay. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $31,631,000, includ- ing $11,500,000, purchase price of the canal, and properties which were taken over by the United States on March 31, 1928, and a local cash contribution of $48,000. The latest approved (1955) estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $808,200. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 31 Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21, 1927 (sec. 2) ----------- Purchase of canal from the Boston, H. Doc. 139, 67th Cong., 2d Cape Cod & New York Canal sess. Co., in accordance with contract dated July 29, 1921, executed by that company. Included in Public Works Ad- Construction of 3 bridges and widen- H. Doc. 795, 71st Cong., 3d ministration program, Sept. 6, ing canal to 250 feet. sess. 1933. June 26, 1934 (Permanent Appro- Operation and care of works of im- Do. priations Repeal Act). provement provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. Included in Public Works Ad- Construction of a mooring basin _... Do. ministration program, Apr. 29, 1935. Included in Emergency Relief Dredging and bank )rotection - Do. program, May 28, 1935. Aug. 30, 1935-----------------.................. Existing project for main canal Rivers and Harbors Committee1 adopted. Doc. 15, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 ..------------------ 15-foot channel and turning basin in H. Doc. 431, 77th Cong., 1st Onset Bay. sess.1 1Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests contribute one-half of the first cost, but not to exceed $48,000, for the channel and turning basin in Onset Bay and hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages attributable to the work. It is expected that these requirements will be met. Terminal facilities. There are 4 terminals on the canal. Three are privately owned, 1 being used for the receipt and freezing of fish and 2 for the receipt and storage of oil. The fourth terminal is the State pier, owned by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and located on the north bank of the canal at Bourne Neck. The terminals are considered adequate for the purposes for which they are used. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing by Government-owned hopper dredge Comber to restore project depth to 32 feet in Hog Island Channel, Cleveland Ledge Channel and West Mooring Basin was commenced on November 19, 1955, and completed on December 16, 1955. During the period 186,284 cubic yards (pay place plus natural shoaling) of ordinary material were removed. Costs of all dredging were $118,152, all mainte- nance funds. Remodeling housing unit and installation of auxiliary generating set for Buzzards Bay railroad bridge, by contract, was completed during the fiscal year at a cost of $23,700. Final settlement of the contract for resurfacing Sagamore Bridge roadway was made during the fiscal year at a cost of $5,485. Clearance of final payment on contract for placing sealcoat on service roads along canal banks has been approved and settlement will be made. Purchase and installation of new power cables for the railroad bridge; by contract, was completed during the fiscal year. Costs were $5,303. A contract for riprap stone to protect canal banks and dikes from erosion was completed during the fiscal year. Costs were $18,955. 32 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Reconnaissance and condition surveys by hired labor were con- ducted to determine channel depths, dike conditions and canal bank stabilization. Costs during the fiscal year were $29,808. Roads, highway bridges, buildings, grounds, utilities and equip- ment were maintained by hired labor. Costs for the fiscal year were $64,450. The railroad bridge, light, power and signal systems were oper- ated and maintained during the year at a cost of $102,293. Necessary repairs were made to maintain dikes, canal banks, dolphins, floats, docks and fenders by hired labor. Costs for the fiscal year were $62,864. Costs in connection with lands and damages amounted to $2,143 for the year. Miscellaneous inspections and reports made by hired labor for the year amounted to $66. Traffic was controlled in passing through the canal by vessel dis- patchers, observers and canal patrol boats. Costs were $252,864. Total costs for the fiscal year were $686,082, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is sub- stantially completed except for dredging the 15-foot channel from deepwater in the vicinity of Wickets Island to the town wharf at Onset and enlargement of the 15-foot turning basin at the town wharf, and an 8-foot anchorage basin contiguous thereto, author- ized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. The canal is crossed by two high-level highway bridges and a vertical-lift rail- road bridge. The canal in the landcut from the easterly entrance to station 430 has a least bottom width of 480 feet, except opposite the State pier where the width is 450 feet. From station 430 to Wings Neck (Hog Island Channel) the width is 500 feet and beyond Wings Neck (Cleveland Ledge Channel), 700 feet. The controlling depths at mean low water for this project were: 30.8 feet in the landcut (1956) ; 14 feet in the mooring basin, north side, easterly end (1956) ; 21 feet in mooring basin south side, westerly end (1956) ; 10 feet in boat basin, south side, east entrance (1956) ; 29.9 feet in Hog Island Channel (1956) ; 32 feet in Cleveland Ledge Channel (1956) ; 9 feet along side sheet piling bulkhead east en- trance, south side (1956) ; 16 feet in Onset Bay channel from the Cape Cod Canal to Wickets Island (1943) ; 15 feet in channel to the town wharf and the turning basin at the town wharf (1940) with considerable shoaling along the limits; 2.0 to 6.0 feet in the 8-foot anchorage. The total costs from regular funds have been $34,511,357, of which $20,437,653 (including the purchase price of $11,500,000) was for new work and $14,073,704 was for maintenance. The total costs from public works funds have been $6,138,157 for new work. The total costs from emergency relief appropriation funds have been $4,849,740 for new work. The total costs, all funds, have been $45,499,254 of which $31,425,550 (including the pur- chase price of $11,500,000) was for new work and $14,073,704 was for maintenance. This includes the sum of $1,658,355 expended between March 31, 1928, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 33 care of the works of improvement under the provision of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purpose. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ -------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 1$31,425,550 Cost------ ----------------------------------------------------------- 31,425,550 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ $445,000 $638,070 $785,500 $595,100 $656,540 14,075,989 Cost---------------- 533,983 623,438 808,191 1621,359 686,082 14,073,704 1Includes $6,138,157 for new work from public works funds and $4,849,740 for new work from emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $157, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________________________________ 157, 000 17. CHATHAM (STAGE) HARBOR, MASS. Location. At the northeastern corner of Nantucket Sound, about 16 miles east of Hyannis Harbor, Mass., and 66 miles south of Provincetown Harbor at the northern extremity of Cape Cod. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1209.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 73, Annual Re- port for 1942. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide from Chatham Roads into the upper harbor. The mean and spring tidal ranges are 3.6 and 4.6 feet, respectively. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $167,000, exclusive of $43,500 to be contributed by local interests and exclusive of amounts expended under the previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $7,100. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. The latest published map is in the project document (H. Doc. 456, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized the existing project subject to the conditions that local interests contribute one-half the estimated first cost, but not to exceed $43,500, and furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide free of cost to the United States suitable areas for spoil-disposal for the initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required and hold the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the im- provement. It is expected that these requirements will be met. Terminal facilities. There are two commercial wharves on the north side of the inner harbor open to public use subject to the owners' convenience. Facilities are adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Partial maintenance dredging, by contract, of the presently maintained 6-foot channel 34 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 extending from Chatham Roads around the southeasterly end of Harding Beach and into Stage Harbor was started on June 7, 1956, and completed on June 11, 1956. During the period 16,529 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Costs from regular funds during the fiscal year were $38,185. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work on the existing project has not been initiated. The controlling depth at mean low water in the 10-foot existing project channel is 2.0. feet (1953), in the upper harbor, and 6.0 feet in the presently maintained entrance channel (1956). Work remaining to complete the project consists of dredging the 10-foot existing project channel. The total costs under the previous project from regular funds have been $90,446, of which $7,889 was for new work and $82,557 was for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------........ ------------ - - - .------------ -- -------- $7,889 Cost-_ ----------- --------------------------- -----_ .------------------ 7,889 Maintenance: Appropriated.....-------------------............ - - $1,500 -$467 ------------ $47,700 92,072 Cost--------------- ------------ 1,033----------------------- 38,185 82,557 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ____2_______ 2 $167, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__________ ______ 167, 000 1 All funds shown are for previous project. 2 In addition local interests will contribute $43,500. 18. POLLOCK RIP SHOALS, NANTUCKET SOUND, MASS. Location. Pollock Rip Channel is the northerly passage through the shoals off the eastern entrance to Nantucket Sound connecting the deep water of the sound with that of the ocean. It is about 33 miles east from the harbor of Vineyard Haven, on the island of Marthas Vineyard, Mass., and 60 miles south from Provincetown Harbor at the northern extremity of Cape Cod. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 250.) Existing project. This provides for dredging through the shoals at the eastern entrance to Nantucket Sound with a Government dredge, which is to assist the natural agencies in obtaining such depth and width as may be found practicable, but not exceeding a depth of 30 feet at mean low water and a width of 1 mile. The mean tidal ranges are about 3.7 feet at Monomoy Point, the nearest land, and 6.7 feet at Chatham Light, about 9 miles to the north of this point. The ranges of spring tides at these two points are 4.4 and 7.9 feet. The ranges are largely affected by direction and force of storms. The original expenditure authorized for experimental work was $250,000, and later the operation of a dredge was author- ized at an estimated annual cost of $200,000. : RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 35 The cost of the completed project was $1,083,504 for new work. The latest approved (1954) estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $60,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 Experimental dredging through the shoals to deter- H. Doc. 536, 62d Cong., 2d sess. mine if a channel could be secured and maintained not over 30 feet deep and not over 1 mile wide. July 27, 1916 Continuation of work with a Government-owned Rivers and Harbors Committee hopper dredge. Doc. 3, 64th Cong., 1st sess. The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1915, page 2056. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None. Operation and results during fiscal year. Costs from regular funds for maintenance in the amount of $2,859 were incurred during the fiscal year for an after-dredging survey in the 30-foot channel where maintenance dredging to restore project depth had been completed at the end of fiscal year 1955. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1925. The depths previously secured over the northern tongue of the Stone Horse Shoals have been maintained. A cut 2,000 feet wide has been dredged through Bearse and Pollock Rip Shoals. The controlling depth at mean low water was 28.4 feet for a middle width of 1,000 feet (1955) ; 17.0 feet along the southerly quarter (1955) ; 31 feet along the northerly quarter (1955). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $1,927,641, of which $1,083,504 was for new work and $844,137 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated --------- --------- ------------ ------------ ------------ $1,083,504 C oCost s t .. ---------- ._ ------------ _ ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------- 1,0 83 ,5 04 31,083,504 Maintenance: Appropriated------- $2,100 .....-..... ...........------------.. $108,000 $1,632 844,137 Cost -------------------------- 1,483 $617 106,773 2,859 844,137 19. MENEMSHA CREEK, MARTHAS VINEYARD, MASS. Location. On the south side of Vineyard Sound about 13 miles southwest of Woods Hole, Mass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1210.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 10 feet deep and 80 feet wide between the jetties to and- including an anchorage basin 10 feet deep in the wide northern portion and 6 feet deep in the narrow southern end, and a channel 8 feet deep and 36 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 80 feet wide through Menemsha Creek to deep water in Menemsha Pond, a distance of about 1.1 miles from the entrance, and for maintenance of the existing jetties. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges at the entrance are 2.7 and 3.4 feet, respectively. The cost of the completed project was $56,926. for new work, exclusive of $12,500 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,800. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. The latest published map is in the project document (H. Doc. 365, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and local interests have expended over $202,000 for improvements and maintenance of Menemsha Creek and its entrance. Terminal facilities. The town wharf on the basin has a bulk- headed frontage of about 600 feet. Other public and private land- ings are available. Facilities are adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing by contract to restore project depth in the 10- and 8-foot chan- nels leading into Menemsha Pond was started on May 13, 1956, and completed on May 24, 1956. During the period 81,051 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed by hydraulic method. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $119, 245, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. The controlling depths at mean low water were 10 feet in the 10-foot entrance channel (1956) ; 8 feet in the 8-foot channel to deep water in Menemsha Pond (1956) ; and 9 feet in the 10-foot anchorage and 6 feet in the 6-foot anchorage (1955). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $177,098, of which $56,926 was for new work and $120,172 was for maintenance. In addition, the sum of $12,500 from con- tributed funds was expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated_ . -$6, 547------------------------.... --......... $56,926 Cost---- ----------------------------------------------------------------- 56,926 Maintenance: Appropriated ----------.... ------------------------ $2,000 $118,300 120,300 Cost------------ ......... ------------------------------------ 927 119,245 120,172 1 In addition, $12,500 was expended from contributed funds. 20. CUTTYHUNK HARBOR, MASS. Location. At the eastern end of Cuttyhunk Island, at the western entrance to Buzzards Bay, about 14 miles south of New Bedford Harbor, Mass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 297.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 37 Existing project. This provides for a channel generally 75 feet wide and 10 feet deep from the outer harbor to the westerly terminal in Cuttyhunk Pond, about 3,500 feet; an anchorage in the inner harbor 10 feet deep, 900 feet long, and 800 feet wide; and for maintenance of the existing jetties. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges are 3.4 and 4.2 feet, respectively. The cost of the completed project was $27,167 for new work, exclusive of $11,643 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for cost of annual maintenance is $9,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved August 26, 1937. The latest published map is in the project document (H. Doc. 81, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Spoil-disposal areas for maintenance will be furnished when required. Terminal facilities. Two town wharves of timber and pile con- struction, having total berthing space of 400 feet, are open to public use. No mechanical-handling facilities are available. Facili- ties are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs from regular funds for maintenance in the amount of $4,505 were incurred during the fiscal year in making final payment on a contract for repairs to shore protective barriers, which were completed in fiscal year 1955. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. The controlling depths at mean low water were 10 feet in the 10-foot anchorage (1954) and 10 feet in the 10-foot channel (1954). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $410,925, of which $27,167 was for new work and $383,758 was for maintenance. In addition $11,643 was expended for new work and $50,000 was expended for maintenance from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ --- -------------------------------------------------------- $27,167 Cost------..........---------------- ---------------------------------------------- 27,167 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- ...... $20,000 -$31,210 $51,958 -$2,500 -$348 383,758 Cost-----------.----- 22,228 9,235 2,084 42,521 4,505 383,758 1 In addition $11,643 was expended for new work and $50,000 was expended for maintenance from con- tributed funds. 21. PROVIDENCE RIVER AND HARBOR, R. I. Location. Providence River is formed at the city of Providence by the junction of the Seekonk River and two small streams which rise in northern Rhode Island. It is tidal and flows southerly in a deep channel between broad flats about 8 miles, emptying into Narragansett Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 278.) 38 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852; March 2, 1867; March 3, 1873; June 18, 1878; August 2, 1882; August 5, 1886; June 3, 1896; June 13, 1902; March 3, 1905; March 2, 1907; June 25, 1910; and March 4, 1913. For further details, see page 1750, Annual Report for 1915, page 96, Annual Report for 1936, and page 111, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an approach channel 35 feet deep at mean low water and generally 600 feet wide through the river from the deep water of Narragansett Bay opposite North Point on Popasquash Neck to the turn below Field Point, 8.1 miles, and thence with the same depth, and of width ranging up to 1,700 feet to Fox Point, excluding a marginal strip 75 feet wide channelward of the established harbor lines, about 2.6 miles. The mean tidal range is about 4.6 feet and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes is 8 feet or more. The cost of the completed project for new work was $2,322,233, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $77,400.. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 173, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. In addition to exten- sive dredging prior to 1900 in the channel from Fox Point to the head of navigation, the city of Providence has since spent about $216,000 in maintaining a 20-foot depth in this channel. Terminal facilities. There are 27 water terminal facilities serving the port of Providence. They are located on both sides of the Providence River from a point just above Pomham Rocks, on the left bank, and Fields Point, on the right bank, to Crawford Street Bridge, a distance of about 3 miles; and on the Seekonk River, from its confluence with the Providence River, a distance of approximately 1 mile. Three-fourths of all of the facilities have railway connections, either by plant or by municipal track- age with the rail line serving the port area. Four facilities are owned by the city of Providence and two by the state of Rhode Island. The municipal wharf at Field Point and the State pier are open to general public use for commercial purposes. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities of South- ern New England No. 4, revised in 1952.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, in the section of the channel and harbor above Sabin Point Light was started September 24, 1955, and was com- pleted on November 22, 1955. During the period 151,977 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $225,907, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1949. Under the existing project, a channel 600 feet wide from the deep water at Narragansett Bay to the turn below RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 39 Field Point, thence to Fox Point with a width ranging up to 1,700 feet has been dredged to a general depth of 35 feet. The head of commercial navigation is at Crawford Street Bridge, about 0.8 mile above Fox Point. The controlling depths at mean low water were as follows: 32 feet in the channel from abreast North Point to Sabin Point Light (1924-1948); from Sabin Point Light to the head of the harbor, 34 feet in the middle half and 32.5 feet in the east outside quarter (1956). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $3,821,942, of which $2,322,233 was for new work and $1,499,709 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 _Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .....----------------------------------------------------------- $6,083,645 Cost .------ - ----------- ------------------------------------------------ 6,083,645 Maintenance: Appropriated ..-- . $120,000 -$276 $9,000 $322,000 $8,700 2,149,845 Cost--------------- 184,306-- ........ 5,325 108,468 225,907 2,149,845 1Includes $3,761,412 for new work and $650,136 for maintenance for previous projects. 22. HARBOR OF REFUGE AT POINT JUDITH AND POINT JUDITH POND, R. I. Location. Point Judith marks the southwestern entrance to Narragansett Bay. The harbor lies in the shallow bight west of the point, about 14 miles southwest of Newport Harbor, R. I., and 33 miles east of New London Harbor Conn. Point Judith Pond is a shallow salt pond, with a length north and south of about 4 miles, lying in the rear of the sandy beach of the Rhode Island shore, just west of Point Judith, and is connected with Point Judith Harbor by a narrow opening through the sand dunes. (She U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts No. 276 and 1210.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905. For further details, see page 95 of the Annual Report for 1948. Existing project. This provides for main breakwater 6,970 feet long, built in part on Squid Ledge approximately in the form of the letter V, with its apex facing outward in about a south by west direction, and lying from 1/2 to 11/4 miles from shore; for an east shorearm breakwater 2,240 feet long, east of the main breakwater, leaving an entrance to the harbor 1,200 feet in width; for a west shore-arm breakwater, 3,640 feet long, extend- ing toward the west arm of the main breakwater, leaving an en- trance to the harbor 1,500 feet in width; and for the removal of two .shoals, one in the anchorage area and the other near the easterly entrance, to a depth of 18 feet at mean low water. All breakwaters are of the rubble-mound type, with the crests 8 and 10 feet above mean low water. 40 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The project further provides for a channel into Point Judith Pond 15 feet deep and 150 feet wide between the jetties and ex- tended thence on the west side of the pond to a point 100 feet north of the State pier at Jerusalem, with a branch channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide on the east side of the pond extending to a point 100 feet north of the State pier at Galilee; an anchorage basin just inside the entrance 10 feet deep with an area of about 5 acres; sand-arresting structures of sheet piling or other works at the entrance; a channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 15-foot west branch to the vicinity of Wakefield with an anchorage basin 6 feet deep and about 5 acres in area at the upper end. The mean and spring tidal ranges are 3.1 and 3.9 feet, respec- tively, in the Harbor of Refuge. The mean tidal range in the pond is about 2.8 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $2,488,430, exclusive of $17,587 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $38,100. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 The main breakwater____________ ---- _---- - H. Doc. 66, 51st Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1907 June 25, 1910 Present dimensions of eastern shore arm The western shore arm ----------- H. Doc. 60, 58th Cong., 2d sess. H. Doc. 911, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1919 Removing 2 shoals from the harbor area ----------- H. Doc. 2001, 64th Cong., 2d sess. June 30, 1948 Abandons project for entrance to Point Judith Pond 2 S. Doc. 15, 80th Cong., 1st sess.' and authorizes channels and anchorages in lower pond and upper pond. 1Contains the latest published maps. 2 For complete description of project for Entrance to Point Judith Pond, R. I., see p. 142 of Annual Report of 1917. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. The State of Rhode Island and the town of South Kingstown have expended about $290,000, exclusive of a Federal Public Works Administration grant of $77,000, in dredging an anchorage basin and channels, extending the stone east jetty, constructing sheetpile bulkhead, constructing a pier on each side of the basin, and repairing the east jetty and bulkhead following the hurri- cane of 1938. Terminal facilities. There are no terminal facilities on the Harbor of Refuge. Inside the entrance to the pond, the State of Rhode Island owns and operates two public piers, each with about 450 feet of berthing space, one on the east shore at Galilee and the other at Jerusalem, on the west shore. Fish are landed at both piers. The one at Galilee is the mainland terminus of the mail, passenger and freight boat service to Block Island. A num- ber of small"private piers, which are used by fishing and pleasure craft, are located on both sides of the basin. The United States Coast Guard has a boathouse and pier at Galilee. None of the piers has mechanical facilities for handling freight. At Wake- field, there is a boatyard amply equipped for servicing and stering small craft up to 5 feet in draft. The Point Judith Yacht Club has some pier facilities at this boatyard. There are no rail con- nections to any of the piers. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 41 Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to restore the 15-foot entrance channel to Point Judith Pond and the 6-foot channel in Point Judith Pond was started on April 15, 1956, and completed on May 5, 1956. During the period 62,259 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $107,500, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. The breakwaters were completed in 1914 and dredging of shoals in the project area was done in 1921. The controlling depths were as follows: West entrance 19 feet (1939) ; east entrance 22 feet (1939); Harbor of Refuge 18 to 25 feet (1939); 15 feet in the 15-foot channel into Point Judith Pond and 13.5 feet in the channel extending along the east side of the Pond to a point 100 ft. north of the State pier at Galilee (1956) ; 15 feet in the 15-foot channel from the junction below the State pier to 100 feet north of State pier at Jerusalem (1956); 10 feet in the 10-foot anchorage (1950); 6 feet in the 6-foot channel from the west branch channel to the vicinity of Wakefield (1956) ; 6 feet in the anchorage at Wakefield (1953). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $3,474,955 of which $2,488,430 was for new work and $986,525 was for maintenance. In addition, the sum of $17,587 from contributed funds was expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30. Total to June 30, 195612 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ..... -$9,037 ------------------------------------------ 500,430 $2, Cost . ------ ------------------------------------------------------ ----- 2,500,430 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ..---.........-------------- $1,900 ---------------------- $107,500 986,525 Cost .......... 1,579---- 107,500 ............----------- ......------ 986,525 1Includes $12,000 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition, $17,587 was expended from contributed funds for new work. 23. HARBOR OF REFUGE AT BLOCK ISLAND, R. I. Location. Located on the east side of Block Island, near the south end of the inner curve of the shoreline. It is 13 miles south- southwest from Point Judith Harbor and about 25 miles south- easterly from Stonington Harbor, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 276.) Existing project. This provides for a rubblemound break- water extending northerly about 1,950 feet from the shore; a similar breakwater about 1,100 feet long, extending northerly and easterly, enclosing, with the main breakwater, an area about 800 feet square designated as the inner harbor; masonry walls in the southeastern corner of the inner harbor enclosing an area nearly 300 feet square designated as the basin; and for dredging to a depth of 15 feet at mean low water about 67 percent of the 42 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 inner harbor and of the basin; a jetty about 140 feet long south- east of main breakwater having a T-head 100 feet across. The mean tidal range is 2.9 feet, and the maximum range, due to the combined effects of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The cost of new work for the completed project was $577,000. The dredging of the outer harbor west of the entrance channel portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is ex- cluded from the foregoing costs. The cost of this portion of the project was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $49,000. The latest approved (1955) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,900. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 The main breakwater ------------------------ Annual Report 1868, p. 785, and S. Misc. Doc. 81, 40th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 2, 1882 Repairs to basin walls and cliff protection east of S. Ex. Doc. 26, 47th Cong., 1st sess. harbor. Aug. 5, 1886 Breakwater enclosing the inner harbor_------------_ _ S. Doc. 27, 48th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1885, p. 610. June 3, 1896 Raising the crest of the main breakwater and making H. Doc. 83, 54th Cong., 1st sess. it sandtight. July 25, 1912 Rebuilding the basin walls 1 and present project H. Doc. 828, 60th Cong., 1st sess. dimensions of the dredged area. (contains latest map). 1Inactive. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The only wharf in the harbor is the steel sheetpile bulkhead which comprises the southern and eastern limits of the basin. Total docking space amounts to 500 feet. No mechanical-handling facilities are available. The wharf is owned by the town and open to the public. It is considered inadequate for the present general needs of boating in the harbor. There is ample room for the expansion of terminal facilities. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing by contract to restore the 15-foot channel from deepwater in the outer harbor to and including the inner basin was started on January 19, 1956, and was completed on April 20, 1956. During the period 24,940 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Repairs to the east breakwater by contract were started August 4, 1955, and were completed November 3, 1955. During the period 12,007 tons of stone were placed in the section of the breakwater of which 650 tons were salvaged from displaced breakwater stone lying outside the breakwater section. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $176,758, all for maintenance. The harbor walls and the breakwaters are in good condition. The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $1,200,081, of which $576,856 was for new work and $623,225 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- plete. The breakwater and harbor walls were completed in 1916. The inner harbor and basin have been dredged to project dimensions and a channel 60 to 130 feet wide and 15 feet deep has RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 43 been dredged from deep water outside the harbor up to the town wharf. The controlling depths at mean low water were as fol- lows: 15.0 feet in maintained channel to entrance to basin (1956) ; 15.0 feet in inner basin (1956) ; 15 feet in more than half inner harbor area (1945) ; and 6 to 14 feet in the outer protected area (1931). The harbor walls and the breakwaters are in good con- dition. The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $1,200,081, of which $576,856 was for new work and $623,225 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _ -- -$576,856 __- Cost . ..--------- ----------- ---------------------------- -------.....------------ 576,856 Maintenance: Appropriated__ -- $49,000 -$5,036 $119,900 $------ $58,200 623,302 Cost-- - 45, 964 -------------------- _ 1,265 176,758 623,225 24. GREAT SALT POND, BLOCK ISLAND, R. I. Location. On the west shore of Block Island, about 11 miles southwest by south from Point Judith Harbor, R. I., and 18 miles southeasterly from Stonington Harbor, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Chart No. 276.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 18 feet deep. from the ocean to the pond 300 feet wide with a central depth of 25 feet for a width of 150 feet; a riprap jetty at the entrance on the southerly side extending 350 feet beyond the 18-foot contour (actual length, 1,691 feet, including 837 feet built by the State) ; stone revetment and sand fences to protect the banks through the original beach. All depths refer to mean low water. Mean tidal range is 2.6 feet, and the maximum range, due to the com- bined effect of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The cost of new work for the completed project Was $189,037. The por- tion of the project for widening and deepening of the channel, the construction of the north jetty, and the dredging of the inner harbor channel and basin is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing costs. The cost of this portion of the project was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $452,000, exclusive of $8,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $3,600. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 3, 1896 Channel and jetties__ H. Doc. No. 57, 54th Cong., 1st sess. June 13, 1902 Extending south jetty and dredging--_-_-_ _ Specified in act. Annual Report for 1900, p. 1276. Mar. 2, 1945 --------------- Channel and basin in inner harbor__. H. Doc. No. 330, 77th Cong., 1st sess. 1 For latest published map see H. Doc. 60, 58th Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doc. 330, 77th Cong., 1st sess. 44 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. None required on active portion of the project. Terminal facilities. These consist of a wharf with about 600 feet of publicly available berthage and several privately owned and operated small wharves and piers. These facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operation and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, in the entrance channel to Great Salt Pond to a required depth of 15 feet of an area 100 feet wide and 275 feet long in the vicinity of the U. S. Coast Guard Lifeboat Station was started on January 19, 1956, and was completed on April 20, 1956. During the period 6,699 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Costs from regular funds during the fiscal year amounted to $10,922, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- pleted. The channel, 300 feet wide and 18 feet deep, with a cen- tral depth of 25 feet over a width of 150 feet, has been dredged into the pond. The south jetty was completed to its present length of 1,691 feet in 1905. The controlling depths are 15 feet in the 25-foot entrance channel for a width of 100 feet, ex- tending from the outer end light to the vicinity of the Coast Guard Station (1956) ; 10 feet in the entrance channel to the inner har- bor (1944) ; and 11 to 14 feet in the basin, except for minor edge shoals (1944). The jetty is in fair condition. The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $296,006, -of which $189,037 was for new work and $106,969 was for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ------------ ------------ ------....-----------------------................. $189,037 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 189,037 Maintenance: Appropriated...... . $11,000.00 -$3,244.22 ............ $1,000 $10,000 107,047 _ Cost--------------- 7,755.78 ------------.------------- ------ 10,922 106,969 25. STONINGTON HARBOR, CONN. Location. This harbor is situated in the southeast corner of Connecticut, and on the north shore of Fishers Island Sound. It is 9 miles east of the entrance to New London Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 358 and 1211.) Previous projects. The original project for Stonington Harbor was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 23, 1828, and subsequently modified by the Acts of 1873, 1875, 1880, 1894, and 1896. See Annual Report for 1897. Existing project. This provides for dredging of Penguin Shoal to a depth of 10 feet. The mean tidal range is 2.7 feet; the spring range is 3.2 feet. The estimate of cost for new work RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 45 (1956) is $67,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. Dredging of the 6-foot anchorage portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the estimate of cost for new work. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1956 and was estimated to be $76,000, of which local interests are required to contribute $5,500. The latest (1955) approved esti- mate of cost for annual maintenance is $2,200. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The latest published map is contained in the project docu- ment (H. Doc. 667, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The harbor has a total frontage of 1.5 miles, one-third of which is developed for commercial use. One municipally-owned pier, 200 feet long, is open to the public as a landing for recreational craft. Four wharves, providing 2,700 lineal feet of berthing space with depths ranging from 5 to 12 feet are in active use for receipt of fish and shellfish. Two boatyards with marine railways, and two engine-repair shops are located in the harbor. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Preliminary work in connection with dredging of a depth of 10 feet at Penguin Shoal was completed during the fiscal year at a cost of $2,077, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction at Penguin Shoal has not been initiated. The controlling depths at mean low water were: 11 feet in the Inner Harbor (1946) ; 5.4 feet in the 10-foot Penguin Shoal area (1956) ; 4 to 6 feet in the 6-foot anchorage (1946). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $2,077, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..-------------- --------- ------------ ------------ $90,000 $427,454 Cost_-------- ------------------------------------------- ---- 2,077 339,531 Maintenance: Appropriated -----------........-- ------------------------------------------------ 45,008 Cost --------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 45,008 1Includes $337,454 for new work and $45,008 for maintenance for previous project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--- $87,203 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, ------------------------- 1957_ - 87,203 26. PATCHOGUE RIVER, CONN. Location. The Patchogue River is a small tidal stream 3 miles long, situated in the town of Westbrook, Conn., on the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 7 miles west of the mouth of the Connecticut River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart Nos. 216 and 1212.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 75 feet wide and 46 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY,;1956 8 feet deep extending about one mile from deepwater in Duck Island Roads to the highway bridge on U. S. Route 1; an anchorage and maneuvering area 8 feet deep, 75 feet wide, 500 feet long opposite the town wharf; a sand-tight stone jetty extending 600 feet southerly into Duck Island Roads from a point on the west side of the mouth of the river. The mean range of tide is 4.5 feet and the spring range is 5.3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $150,000, exclusive of $100,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Act: September 3, 1954-8-foot channel; an anchorage and maneuvering area; a sand-tight stone jetty. (H. Doc. 164, 83rd Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Required that local interests should contribute 40 percent or, at present estimates, $100,000 toward the cost of construction. In addition, local in- terests are required to furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of- way, including spoil-disposal areas, necessary for the accomplish- ment and maintenance of the improvement, and to hold and save the United States free from claims for damages which result from the project. Terminal facilities. There are 5 wharves located along the Patchogue River. The town of Westbrook has constructed on the right bank of the river a free public wharf. It has no boat servic- ing nor transfer facilities. There are 60 feet of wharf space used principally by the local fishing fleet for the transfer of its catch to motor trucks that transport it directly to market. The wharf is of solid-fill construction with rubble-stone sides and earthfill, ,topped with a bituminous pavement. There are 4 private wharves in the central reach. Two of these, owned by the Standard Fish Co., flank the town wharf on the north and south sides, and are timber and pile construction. The wharf on the south side is a 90-foot marginal landing constructed of planks on 2-pile bents. Adjacent to this wharf is a marine rail- way, capable of handling boats up to 30 feet in length, with storage space for 30 boats. The wharf on the north side is a 35-foot long marginal landing of plank and pile construction with fishhouse attached. This wharf is used principally in the fish and lobster business. Immediately upstream and abutting this wharf is a privately owned 100-foot long marginal wharf of similar construc- tion, which will be used in conjunction with the boatyard. Fuel- handling facilities are installed on the wharf. The remaining private wharf is located on the left bank of the river, immediately below the highway bridge. It is a 180-foot long marginal struc- ture of timber, pile and rubble-stone construction. Dock space is rented at this wharf and there is a building located on the shore adjacent to the wharf, in which a retail and wholesale fish business is operated. There is adequate room for expansion of terminal facilities. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of a stone jetty at the mouth of the Patchogue River, by contract, was RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 47 started on April 26, 1956, and was substantially complete at the end of the fiscal year. During the period 6,000 tons of stone were placed in the jetty. A contract for improvement dredging by the hydraulic process for a channel 8 feet deep and 75 feet wide extend- ing from deep water in Duck Island Roads to the highway bridge on U. S. Route 1 and an anchorage and maneuvering area 8 feet deep, 75 feet wide, and 500 feet long in the reach of the river op- posite the town. wharf was awarded during the fiscal year. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $46,253, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The breakwater is substantially completed. Improvement dredging for an 8-foot channel and dredging of the anchorage and maneuvering area has not been initiated. The controlling depths at mean low water are + 2.0 feet in channel and + 1.0 foot in anchorage and maneuvering basin (1949). Work remaining to be done consists of completion of the stone jetty and dredging the 8-foot channel and anchorage and maneuvering basin. Total costs from regular funds have been $46,253, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated---------------- ------------------------------- $150,000 $150,000 Cost ----------------------------------- 46,253 46,253 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ $453 -_------ Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - -______________________________ 453 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,,1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------- ------------ ----------------- ___ $100,000 $100,000 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .... __ $4, 120 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ _ 4,120 27. MYSTIC RIVER, CONN. Location. This river has its source in southeastern Connecticut. It flows in a southerly direction 8 miles, and empties into Fishers Island Sound at Noank, 11 miles east of New London, Conn. (See 48 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 358 and 1211.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of Sep- tember 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1753 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project. This provides for a channel 15 feet deep and 125 feet wide from Fishers Island Sound to the bend opposite Murphy Point, thence 15 feet and 100 feet wide to the highway bridge at Mystic, thence 12 feet deep generally 100 feet wide to a point about 700 feet above the wharf of the Marine Historical As- sociation, a total length of about 3.7 miles from the mouth; an anchorage basin of 8.5 acres 9 feet deep north of Mason Island; a turning basin 9 feet deep, 200 feet wide and 200 feet long north of the railroad bridge. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges at Noank are 2.6 and 3.1 feet, respectively. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $148,000 exclusive of $14,000 contributed by local interests and exclusive of amounts expended under the previous project. Widening of the channel above the highway bridge portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $9,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Channel from Fishers Island Sound to highway Annual Report for 1889, p. 746. bridge. July 25,1912 Restoration and maintenance of original project ..... H. Doc. 858, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 4, 1913 Channel above highway bridge-----_ _-- ------ H. Doc. 637, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 1Channel widening to Murphy Point, anchorage and H. Doc. 349, 77th Cong., 1st sess. turning basin. (Contains latest published map.) 1 Widening of channel above highway bridge inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In addition to the small town wharf at Noank, there are numerous small private wharves, some open to the public subject to the owners' convenience. A public small boat terminal near the shopping center of Mystic is needed. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions for contract dredging for improvement of the 15-foot en- trance channel, 9-foot anchorage and 9-foot turning basin were prepared during the year. Costs were $7,977 all for new work. Plans and specifications for contract dredging to restore the 12-foot channel above Main Street bridge were prepared during the year. Costs were $140, all for maintenance. No dredging was performed. Total costs during the fiscal year amounted to $8,117. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 9 percent completed. The channels of project depths, but de- ficient in width, have been secured. To complete the project requires widening the channel by 25 feet up to Murphy Point; RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 49 dredging the anchorage basin north of Mason Island and the turning basin north of the railroad bridge. The controlling depths at mean low water were as follows: 13 feet in the middle half and 8 feet in the outside quarters of the 15-foot channel, thence 9 feet in the 12-foot channel to the head of the project (1956); 3 feet in 9-foot anchorage (1956) 0 to 15 feet in 9-foot turning basin (1956). The head of navigation is about 0.5 mile above the head of the project. The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $64,963 of which $19,503 was for new work and $45,460 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated----.......----------- ----------------- ------------ --- $136,000 $184,126 Cost---- -- ------------- ---------------------------------- - 7,977 56,103 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-------...------------... $1,056 ------------ -------- 141 45,461 Cost _---------------_------------ 1,056 ------------------- --- - 140 45,460 1Includes $36,600 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------. $128, 024 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------------------------------- 128, 024 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work; Appropriated-------........----------------------........................-------------------$14,000 $14,000 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------$14, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------------------4,000 28. CONNECTICUT RIVER BELOW HARTFORD, CONN. Location. This river has its source in Connecticut Lake in northern New Hampshire, flows southerly 380 miles, and empties into Long Island Sound at Saybrook, Conn., 14 miles west of New London. Hartford, now the head of commercial navigation, is 52 statute miles, by channel, from the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 215, 266, 267.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 14, 1836, and July 11, 1870. For further details, see page 50 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1754, Annual Report for 1915 and page 120 Annual Report for 1.938. Project for Eightmile River Conn.: Elimination as separate project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 75 feet wide from deep water in the Connecticut River to Hamburg and for turning basin of the same depth, 150 feet wide, approximately 300 feet long at Hamburg. The project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. The costs and expenditures have been $9,000, all for new work. In accordance with the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, the project for Connecti- cut River below Hartford was modified to include the project for Eightmile River, which was eliminated as a separate project. The aforementioned act also provided for an anchorage basin 6 feet deep and about 6.5 acres in area in the upper cove at Ham- burg. Existing project. This provides for a channel 15 feet deep at mean low water, 300 feet wide from the mouth to the Lyme rail- road bridge, about 3.4 miles, and thence 150 feet wide to Hart- ford, a total distance of 52 miles, the channel to be obtained by dredging and the construction of dikes, training walls, revet- ments, and the accessory works; for two riprap jetties at the mouth of the river, the tops to be 5 feet above high water and 6 feet wide, the easterly one about 2,300 feet and th.e westerly about 2,750 feet in length; for a training dike about 3,700 feet long at Hartford, and for anchorage 11 feet deep, about 12 acres, and one, 6 feet deep about 17 acres, in North Cove. Old Saybrook, with an entrance channel 11 feet deep and 100 feet wide: for a channel 8 feet deep, 75 feet wide about 1.5 miles in length from the Connecticut River to Hamburg; a turning basin of the same depth 150 feet wide and 300 feet long at Hamburg; and an anchorage area at Hamburg 6 feet deep, about 6.5 acres in area, in Eightmile River. The mean tidal range is 3.5 feet at the mouth, and at summer stage is about 1 foot at Hartford. The maximum tidal range at the mouth due to wind or other causes, is 8 feet or more. At Hartford the usual rise due to spring freshets is between 16 and 24 feet above mean low water. The maximum recorded freshets at Hartford (March 1936) was 35.5 feet above mean low water. Below Middletown the height of the crest of the freshet decreases rapidly. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $1,441,000, exclu- sive of $85,500 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $107,100. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 51 Acts Work authorized Documents June 10, 1872 Jetties at the mouth -------------------------- Present project dimensions ap- proved by the Chief of Engi- neers, Dec. 22, 1887. Mar. 3, 1881 The Hartford dike ........--------------------------- Present project dimensions author- ized by the Chief of Engineers in 1889. June 25, 1910 Channel and turning basin in Eightmile River ---- H. Doc. 327, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Feb. 27, 1911 Present project dimensions of the channel over Say- H. Doc. 1294, 61st Cong., 3d sess. brook bar. Mar. 2, 1919 Dikes, training walls, and revetments ------------- H. Doc. 132, 65th Cong., 1st sess. 1 1 Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of channel and additional H. Doec. 49, 73d Cong., 1st sess. dikes, training walls revetments, and accessory works. May 24, 1937 Park River declared nonnavigable -..-- Ltr. Sec. War, Apr. 21, 1937. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel and anchorages, North Cove, Old Saybrook_ H. Doc. 368, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 1 May 17, 1950 Channel, anchorage, and turning basin, Eightmile H. Doc. 666, 80th Cong., 2d sess. 1 River. 1 Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, authorized the 15-foot channel up to Hartford and addi- tional dikes, training walls, and revetments, subject to provision that local interests shall furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material during initial construction and for future maintenance as and when needed. Areas have been furnished where required and it is understood that future requirements will be met. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized the channel and anchor- ages in North Cove subject to the provisions that local interests contribute in cash $67,500, but not to exceed 50 percent of the initial construction cost and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide a suitable public landing in the cove. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, author- ized the channel, anchorage, and turning basin in Eightmile River, provided that local interests contribute in cash 50 percent of the initial cost of dredging, but not to exceed $18,000; con- struct public landing facilities of a design satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers; provide suitable spoil-disposal areas, as and when required, for new work and subsequent maintenance; and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. It .is expected that these con- ditions will be met. Terminal facilities. On both the Connecticut and Eightmile Rivers there are 2 or 3 wharves at each of the river towns, 1 or more in each town being open to public use. At Hartford and at Middletown there is approximately one-half of wharf frontage along the west bank of the river. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to restore the project depth to 15 feet in the 52 miles of river channel by removing the river bars between Say- brook and Hartford, Conn. was started on October 31, 1955, and suspended on December 20, 1955, due to winter conditions. Dur- ing the fiscal year 69,165 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $71,770 all for maintenance. Work had not been 52 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 resumed at end of fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 70 percent completed. The 15-foot channel from the mouth to Hartford was completed in 1937. The Saybrook jetties and train- ing walls at Hartford, Clay Banks, and Sears Shoal were com- pleted in 1915. The stone dikes and timber spurs at Pistol Point, Glastonbury, Press Barn, Naubuc, Cys Hollow, and Clay Banks were completed in 1927 and those at Wethersfield, in 1947. Timber pile dikes at Press Barn were completed in 1940 and at Press Barn, Glastonbury (includigg Two Piers), and Gildersleeve Island reaches have been revetted. The jetties at Saybrook need repairs. The training walls, dikes, and revetments are generally in good condition. To complete the project requires the con- struction of additional permanent works; dredging the channel and anchorage in North Cove, Old Saybrook, Conn., and the dredging of the 6-foot channel. turning basin, and anchorage in Eightmile River at Hamburg. The head of commercial naviga- tion is at Hartford, 52 miles by channel from the mouth. A dam at Holyoke, Mass., 34 miles above Hartford, completely inter- rupts navigation. The controlling depths at mean low water are generally 15 feet to Hartford (1953), 1 foot in the entrance channel to North Cove (1938); 0 feet in anchorages in North Cove (1938.); 7 feet in channel and basin in Eightmile Rivers (1946); 1 to 6 feet in anchorage at Hamburg (1946). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $3,146,281, of which $858,556 was for new work which in- cludes $9,000 of completed new work (existing project) trans- ferred from Eightmile River project and $2,287,725 for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _ ---------- ----------- ------------ 2 $1,145,930 ----------- --------- Cost----- ---- ------------------------------ ----------- ------------ 21,145,930 Maintenance: Appropriated .......-------- $10,000 -$23,780 $202,951 $10,000 $264,450 2,851,799 Cost_----- - - 125,409 7,149 206,081 6,711 71,770 2,654,073 1Includes $287,374 for new work and $366,348 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Includes $9,000 expended for new work for subproject: "Eightmile River, Conn." Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______________ $582, 000 29. GUILFORD HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound about 13 miles east of New Haven Harbor, Conn. (See U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 217 and 1212.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 100 feet wide, an anchorage basin 200 feet wide and 1,500 feet long RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 53 in East River, and a branch channel in Sluice Creek 60 feet wide, to Whitfield Street, all of 6 foot depth at mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges are 5.4 and 6.4 feet respectively. The estimate of cost, revised in 1956 is $150,000 for new work, exclusive of $25,500 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1948) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. The latest published map is in the project document (H. Doc. 149, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. A State wharf about 370 feet in length provides adequate facilities for existing commerce. A town wharf, constructed many years ago, on the north bank of the East River at the foot of Whitfield Street, has fallen into disrepair and is no longer usable. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations con- sisted of engineering studies and surveys in connection with plans and specifications. Total costs during the fiscal year from regu- lar funds were $2,292, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work on the existing project has not been initiated. Remaining work consists of improvement dredging of the entrance channel, the anchorage basin, and the branch channel. The controlling depths at mean low water were: 1 foot in the channel through the harbor; 1 foot for a width of 50 feet in East River to the mouth of Neck Creek; and 1 foot in Sluice Creek to State wharf (1956). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $2,292, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $150,000 $150,000 Cost-- _ ... ------- ---------------------------------- 2,292 ---....- 2,292 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_______ $147, 708 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957____ ------------ 147, 708 54 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .. ----------------------------------------------- $25,500 $25, 500 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- _ _ $25, 500 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ____________--------------- - 25, 500 30. BRANFORD HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, 5 miles east of New Haven Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Chart No. 217.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 81/ feet deep and 100 feet wide from the outer harbor to the upper wharf in Branford Harbor, about 2.3 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean tidal range is 5.9 feet, and maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and others causes, is 10 feet or more. The cost of new work for the completed project was $9,537. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $6,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 13, 1902 Channel between upper and lower wharves in the H. Doc. No. 100, 56th Cong., 2d river. sess., and Annual Report for 1901, p. 1188. Mar. 2, 1907 Channel at the mouth of the harbor -------------- Specified in act. 1For latest published maps, see H. Doc. No. 1292, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Terminal facilities. These facilities, comprising 2 wharves near the head of the harbor and 1 at the mouth of the river, are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to restore project depth in the 8.5-foot channel from outer harbor to upper wharf in Branford Harbor was started on March 12, 1956, and completed on May 14, 1956. During the period 102,223 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed of which 83,223 cubic yards were by hydraulic method and the remainder by scow disposal. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $132,180, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1907. The controlling depth was about 8.5 feet to the head of the project (1956). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $262,647, of which $9,537 was for new work and $253,110 was for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 55 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--...... ------------ ----- ------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $9,537 C ost . ___ ...... _._._._._._....... Cost-------------------------------------------------9,537 9,537 Maintenance: Appropriated----- ------------------------------------ $1,584 $166,350 287,280 Cost-----------..... ------------------------------------ 1,584 132,180 253,110 31. NEW HAVEN HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 67 miles to the east of New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 218.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, March 3, 1871, June 10, 1872, and for West River, March 3, 1905. For further details, see page 1755 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 127 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a main channel 35 feet deep, 400 to 800 feet wide, from Long Island Sound to Tomlinson Bridge; two anchorage basins below Tomlinson Bridge of 16- and 15-foot depths; a pile-and-riprap dike, total length about 4,200 feet, to contract tidal flow at Fort Hale bar; a channel 12 feet deep and 100 to 150 feet wide, from the southwest corner of the 16-foot anchorage basin via City Point and the West Haven wharf front to Kimberly Avenue bridge; thence 12 feet deep and prevailing width of 75 feet up West River to about 600 feet up- stream of the Kimberly Avenue Bridge, and an anchorage basin 6 feet deep in West River opposite Mars wharf; a channel 100 feet wide and 12 feet deep from the 15-foot anchorage basin toward Brewery Street, about 300 feet; a channel in Quinnipiac River 22 feet deep and 250 to 400 feet wide to a point about 1,000 feet above Ferry Street, thence 16 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Grand Avenue, with turning basin 22 feet deep, 200 to 800 feet wide and 700 feet long at the mouth of Mill River; a channel up Mill River 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, to the junction of the two branches above Chapel Street, thence to Grand Avenue, 100 feet wide in the East Branch and generally 125 feet wide in the West Branch; and the removal of certain obstructive rocks in Morris Cove. The mean range of tide is 6.2 feet at the entrance to the harbor, and 6.3 feet at Long Wharf Light. The estimate of cost (1956) is $4,473,000, for new work exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $89,300. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 56 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 2, 1882 Sandy Point dike__---------------------------- Plans approved by a Board of Engineers, Oct. 2, 1882. Mar. 3, 1899 The 16-foot anchorage basin ... ,H--------------------H. Doc. 82, 55th Cong., 1st sess. June 25, 1910 Brewery Street channel, removal of rocks in Morris H. Doc. 1159, 60th Cong., 2d sess. Cove and present project dimensions of the 15-foot basin. July 25, 1912 Present project dimensions of the channels in Mill H. Doc. 26, 62d Cong., 1st sess. River. Do_-.... Present project dimensions of the West River channel H. Doc. 535, 62d Cong., 2d sess. and anchorage. July 3, 1930 18-foot and 16-foot channels in Quinnipiac River H. Doc. 686, 69th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30,19351 The 25-foot channel ...--------------------------- H. Doc. 479, 72d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 The 30-foot channel and anchorage and present loca- H. Doc. 307, 76th Cong., 1st sess. tion of 16-foot anchorage. July 24, 1946 35-foot main channel, elimination of 30-foot anchorage, H. Doc. 517, 79th Cong., 2d sess. present location and extent of 16-foot anchorage, (contains latest published map). and 22-foot channel and turning basin in Quinnipiac River. Aug. 16, 1949 Brewery Street channel declared nonnavigable __.-.. H. R. 3511, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Public Law 234, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 9, 1955 Abandonment of upper end of West River......---------. P. L. 289, 84th Cong., Ch. 649, 1st sess. 1 Also Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. The 35-foot main channel and the 22-foot channel and turning basin in Quinnipiac River were authorized subject to the conditions that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subse- quent maintenance when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the improve- ment. These requirements, as applied to the 35-foot channel, have been met, and assurances have been furnished that the re- quirements for the 22-foot channel and turning basin in the Quinnipiac River will be met. These assurances were approved by the Chief of Engineers on June 2, 1947. Terminal facilities. The port of New Haven is served by 53 waterfront facilities; 48 are located within the city limits of New Haven and 5 in West Haven. The improved waterways within the port area along which the facilities are located include the West River, Main Harbor, West and East Branches of Mill River, and the Quinnipiac River channels. These facilities are all pri- vately owned and operated with the exception of the City wharf. Depths alongside the piers and wharves range from 35 to zero feet at mean low water. Nearly half of the facilities have rail connections either on or at the rear which connect with the New York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad and most all of them are accessible by paved streets. Nineteen of the wharves have mechanical-handling facilities. Six of the wharves are open to public use upon agreement with the owners. Facilities are ade- quate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Southern New England No. 4 revised in 1952.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, in the Quinnipiac River to 18 feet in the 22-foot channel and 16 feet in the 16-foot channel between Tomlinson and Ferry Street Bridges and between the Ferry Street and Grand RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 57 Avenue Bridges respectively, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed October 6, 1955. During the period 96,624 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed, making a total of 153,581 cubic yards removed under the contract. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $48,281 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 88 percent completed. The Sandy Point dike, completed in 1889, is in poor condition. The controlling depths at mean low water were: 31 feet in the middle half, 30 feet in the westerly quarter, 19 feet in the easterly quarter of the 35-foot channel from 500 feet seaward of the east breakwater to abreast Koppers wharf, thence 30 feet to about 500 feet downstream of the Tomlinson Bridge, thence 16 feet to the bridge (1952) ; 7.1 feet generally in West River to Kimberly Avenue Bridge, thence 9 feet generally to the railroad bridge (1952); 12 feet in Brewery Street channel (1940) ; 18.2 feet in the Quinnipiac River channel to Ferry Street Bridge, thence 15.8 feet to Grand Avenue Bridge (1955), thence 9 feet in the 12-foot Mill River Channel from 900 feet downstream of the Chapel Street Bridge to the junction of the East and West Branches, 5 feet in the westerly three-quarters and 2 feet in the easterly quarter of the East Branch and 7 feet in the West Branch (1952) ; 0 to 10 feet in the West Haven 6-foot anchorage (1952) ; 16 feet in the 15-foot anchorage (1940); 0 to 25 feet in the 16-foot anchorage (1950). To complete the project requires the dredging of the 22-foot Quinnipiac River Channel and turning basin. The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $5,210,712, of which $3,523,536 was for new work and $1,684,776 was for maintenance. National In- dustrial Recovery funds amounting to $290,877 and $59,207 public works funds, both for new work, have been expended on the project. The total costs under the existing project, all funds, have amounted to $3,873,620 for new work and $1,684,776 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: $175,383 ------ Appropriated------......--........---------- .----------------------- $4, 205,245 Cost----_ ------------- $349 17,045- 24,205,245 Maintenance: ------------------- Appropriated........ 7,000 -$747 $84,400 -$2,601 1,717,346 Cost---------------- ------- 6,253 ------------ 33,518 48,281 1,717,346 1 Includes $331,626 for new work and $32,570 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $290,877 national industrial recovery funds and $59,207 Public Works funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______________- $600, 000 58 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 32. MILFORD HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 8 miles west of New Haven Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 219.) Previous projects. Adopted by acts of June 23, 1874; June 18, 1878; June 14, 1880; and August 2, 1882. For further details, see Annual Report for 1915, page 1756, and Annual Report for 1938, page 129. Existing project. This provides for two riprap jetties 510 and 250 feet in length on the east and west sides, respectively, of the entrance to the river; a channel across the bar and through the lower harbor 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Merwin's wharf, a distance of about 3,000 feet; an anchorage basin of the same depth, of about 2.3 acres east of the channel; a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide, widened at bends and at the upper end, from Merwin's wharf to 400 feet above the town wharf, about 3,000 feet; and for an anchorage basin west of the channel inside of the entrance 2,000 feet long and 7.8 acres, 10 feet deep in the lower 600 feet and 8 feet deep above. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges are 6.6 feet and 7.8 feet, respectively. The cost of new work for the completed project was $46,376, exclusive of $11,380 contributed by local interests and exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The removal of ledge rock in the 10-foot anchorage basin east of the channel portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded.from the foregoing costs. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $48,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,800. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 2, 1874 East jetty at the mouth of the river -------------- H. Ex. Doc. 107, 42d Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report 1873, p. 1042. West jetty at the mouth of the river -------------- Authorized by Dept. Oct. 16, 1879, Annual Report for 1879, p. 342. June 13,19021 Entrance channel and anchorage basin east of it-.... H. Doc. 280, 56th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Anchorage west of the channel and present project H. Doc. 77, 75th Cong., 1st sess. dimensions of the channel above Merwin's wharf. (Contains latest published map.) 1 Ledge rock in the 10-foot anchorage prevents completion at reasonable cost. Inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Spoil-disposal areas are required for maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are three bulkhead wharves near the entrance used by the oyster industry. The town wharf near the head of navigation is open to public use. The Connecticut State Shellfish Commission operates a small wharf not open to the public. There are also several yacht landings. The facilities are ample for existing traffic. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to restore project depth in the 10-foot and 8-foot RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 59 channels and in the 10-foot and 8-foot anchorage basins was started on November 2, 1955, and completed February 8, 1956. During the period 52,846 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $63,664, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- pleted. The jetties were completed in 1880. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: 9.9 feet to Merwin's wharf (1956) ; thence 8.5 feet to the head of the project (1956) ; 10.6 feet in the West Basin (1956). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $210,205 of which $46,376 was for new work and $163,829 was for maintenance. In addition the sum of $11,380 from contributed funds was ex- pended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1951 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 2 $88,716 Cost---- ....---...----...----------- ------------ ----------- ----------- ------------ 288,716 Maintenance: Appropriated__......-----------. __- _ -.. $1,000 $69,406 -$5,073 167,144 Cost ----------------- - ------------ 906 608 63,664 166,989 1Includes $42,340 for new work and $3,160 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $11,380 was expended for new work from contributed funds. 33. HOUSATONIC RIVER, CONN. Location. Rises in northwestern Massachusetts, flows souther- ly 130 miles through Massachusetts and Connecticut, and empties into Long Island at Stratford, 5 miles east of Bridgeport Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 219.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 18 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide from the mouth to the lower end of Culvers bar, about 5 miles, and thence 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Derby and Shelton, about 8 miles; a riprap break- water at the mouth, consisting of an inner arm, 3,250 feet long, 3 feet high above mean low water, top width 6 feet, side slopes 1 on 1, and an outer arm 2,571 feet long, 6 feet high above mean high water, inner slope 1 on 1; riprap dike in the river below Stratford not to exceed 1,500 feet in length; and a riprap jetty 163 feet long at Sow and Pigs Rocks. The mean tidal range, ex- clusive of the winter season and freshets, is 6.7 feet at the mouth, 5.5 feet at Stratford, and 5 feet at Shelton; the extreme range due to combined effect of wind and other causes is about 11 feet at the mouth, diminishing toward the head. The spring freshets occasionally rise to a height of 18 feet or more above summer low water, but only average about 12 feet above that datum. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $1,009,000, ex- clusive of $167,000 plus $55,000 in lieu of suitable bulkhead areas to be contributed by local interests. The enlargement of the 60 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 outer arm of the breakwater to provide a top width of 12 feet and an outer slope of 1 on 2, and the extension of the Stratford dike not more than 245 feet long are both portions of the existing project considered to be inactive and are excluded from the fore- going cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $100,000. The latest (1955) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $35,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1871 A jetty at Sow and Pigs Rocks and the present proj- H. Doc. 95, 41st Cong., 3d sess., ect width of the channel across the outer bar. and Annual Report 1871, p. 781. Aug.11,18881 Breakwater at the mouth and the present project S. Doc. 103, 50th Cong., 1st sess., dimensions of the river channel above the lower end and Annual Report, 1888, p. 554. of Culvers bar. The Stratford dike----....--------- ------------- Authorized by Dept. project sub- mitted by the district engineer July 15, 1892. July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions of channel up to Culvers H. Doc. 449, 70th Cong., 2d sess. bar. (contains latest published map). 1 Enlargement of outer arm of breakwater and extension of Stratford dike not required. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 6 wharves for commercial use at Stratford, 1 at Devon, and 8 at Shelton and Derby. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Improvement dredg- ing, by contract, employing hydraulic process, of the 18-foot proj- ect channel from the mouth of the river to Culvers bar in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was continued until October 16, 1955, when dredge sank due to flood in the river. Work was resumed under a subcontract on May 14, 1956, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year 1,184,665 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed; making a total of 1,306,049 cubic yards removed under the contract. Diking of areas to retain the dredged material was completed during the fiscal year. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $409,073 and $114,724 contributed funds, all for new work. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The existing project was ap- proximately 70 percent completed. To complete the project there remains the completion of the 18-foot channel from the mouth of the river to Culvers bar. The upriver channels were completed in 1893. The breakwater at the mouth was completed in 1914 except that the outer arm has a top width of 8 feet and outer slope of 1 on 11/2 instead of project dimensions; the Strat- ford dike was completed to its present length of 1,225 feet in 1916, and the jetty at Sow and Pigs Rocks was completed in 1871. The breakwater is in good condition and the dike and jetty in fair condition. The head of navigation is at Derby and Shelton, about 14 miles by channel above the mouth. The controlling depths at mean low water were 9 feet to the Culvers bar (1956), thence 4 feet to the upstream limit of the Federal project (1956). The RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 61 total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $985,611 of which $687,868 was for new work and $297,743 was for maintenance. In addition the sum of $127,453 from contributed funds was expended for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated__ _ .. ... .......----------- $400,000 $250,000 ------------........... $884,365 Cost_-_-------------------- ------------ 44,430 409,073 687,868 Maintenance: Appropriated .___........... --- $46,500 -$10,190 ------------------------- 297,743 r n....297,743 -----------........... C oste---------------- 36 ,310 ...- Ot Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____ _ $29, 419 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ 125, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ --------------------------------- 154,419 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ----------- ------------------ $222,010 _---------$222,010 Cost_---------------------------------------------- 12,729 $114,724 127,453 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _-___ _ $46, 724 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ ________-------------------------- 46,724 34. BRIDGEPORT HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 51 miles east of New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Chart No. 220.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbot Acts of July 4, 1836, March 3, 1871, and (for Black Rock Harbor) July 5, 1884. For further details, see page 1756 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 133 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for- a. Two riprap breakwaters, one 3,823 feet long on the easterly side, and one 2,110 feet long on the westerly side of the entrance to the main harbor. b. The construction and maintenance of shore protection on Fayerweather Island, including a seawall connecting the norther- ly and southerly portions of the island. 62 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 c. Main channel 30 feet deep and generally 400 feet wide from Long Island Sound to a point abreast Bridgeport Breakwater Light, widening to approximately 600 feet opposite the Cilco ter- minal, and decreasing in width to 250 feet at a point about 720 feet below the Stratford Avenue Bridge across the Poquonock River. d. A turning basin 30 feet deep at the entrance of Johnsons River channel. e. Two anchorage basins: One 25 feet deep and 23 acres in area, opposite Tongue Point; one 18 feet deep and 29 acres in area, adjoining the main channel on the west above Tongue Point. f. Poquonock River channel, 18 feet deep and from 125 to 200 feet wide from the lower bridge to a point about 500 feet below the dam at Berkshire Avenue, about 1.1 miles. g. Yellow Mill channel, 18 feet deep and 150 to 200 feet wide from the 30-foot channel to a point about 370 feet from Crescent Avenue, about 1 mile. h. Johnsons River channel, 15 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide from the 25-foot anchorage to a point 1,700 feet below Hol- listers Dam, thence 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide to a point about 600 feet below Holliston Dam, about one mile. i. Black Rock Harbor and Cedar Creek channel, 18 feet deep and 100 to 200 feet wide from the 18-foot curve in Black Rock Harbor to the heads of both branches of Cedar Creek, about 2.4 miles. j. Burr Creek channel, 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide from its junction with Cedar Creek channel to the south side of Yacht Street extended, about one-quarter mile. All depths refer to mean low water, the mean tidal range being 6.8 feet at Bridgeport and 6.9 feet at Black Rock Harbor entrance. The extreme tidal range, due to wind and other causes, is 11 feet or more. The cost of new work for the completed project was $2,206,898, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $44,000. The removal of rock in the Yellow Mill Pond portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing costs of new work. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $113,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 63 Acts Work authorized Documents July 4, 1836 Fayerweather Island seawall Mar. 3, 1899 Shore protection of Fayerweather Island- ----- _-.... Annual Report, 1899, p. 1173. Mar. 2, 1907 West breakwater and present project dimensions of H. Docs. 275 and 521, 59th Cong., east breakwater. 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1919 Present project depths of the 18- and 12-foot anchor- H. Doc. 898, 63d Cong., 2d sess. age basins and of Burr Creek channel. July 3, 1930 2 25-foot entrance channel, the 25-foot anchorage and H. Doc. 281, 71st Cong., 2d sess. an 18-foot channel through Johnsons River; present project dimensions of the channels through Po- quonock River. Yellow Mill Pond, Black Rock Harbor and Cedar Creek. Aug. 12, 19371 The present extent of Burr Creek channel-_ -_-_--_- Specified in act. Aug. 26, 1937 The 25-foot channel through the main harbor, and H. Doc. 232, 75th Cong., 1st sess. present project location and extent of the 18- and 12-foot anchorage basins. Mar. 2, 1945 The 30-foot channel; elimination of 12-foot anchorage_ H. Doc. 819, 76th Cong., 3d sess. July 24, 1946 30-foot turning basin and 15-foot and 9-foot channels H. Doc. 680, 79th Cong., 2d sess. in Johnsons River. (contains latest published map.) 1 Public Law 276, 75th Cong. 2 Removal of rock in Yellow Mill Pond inactive--not presently required. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 35 waterfront facilities serving the port of Bridgeport, all of which are used or in usable con- dition. Numerous handling facilities are predominant in every section of the harbor. Although more than 70 percent of the total number of docks are marginal wharf type structures in constricted waterways, there are, however, several offshore wharf and pier type structures in the open waters of the main harbor. All of the piers, wharves, or docks are accessible by paved road- ways, but only half of them have rail connections with the rail line serving the port area. Three of the wharves are owned by the city of Bridgeport and 3 others may be used by the public upon agreement with the owners or operators. (For further de- tails, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Southern New England, No. 4, revised in 1952.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to restore project depth of 18 feet in the Black Rock Harbor and Cedar Creek Channel in progress at the be- ginning of the fiscal year, was completed on September 30, 1955. During the period 205,443 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed; making a total of 263,614 cubic yards removed under the contract. Maintenance dredging by Government hopper dredge Comber to restore the 30-foot main entrance channel was started on June 7, 1956 and was still in progress at end of fiscal year. During the period 309,067 cubic yards (bin measurement) of ordinary material were removed. Plans and specifications for contract dredging to restore project depth in the 30-foot inner harbor channel from a point about 1,300 feet south of the Strat- ford Avenue Bridge to opposite Bug Light and in the 30-foot turning basin adjacent to east limit and opposite Bug Light were prepared during the year. Bids were solicited and contract awarded. Operations consisted of contractor's preparations for the remainder of the fiscal year. No dredging was performed. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $211,181 all for maintenance. 64 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- plete. The east breakwater is in good condition, the west break- water and the shore protection works on Fayerweather Island are in need of repairs. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: 27 feet in the westerly three-quarters; 24 feet in the easterly quarter of the main channel from about 13/4 miles south of the outer end of the East Breakwater to the south end of the 25-foot anchorage; thence 27 feet to about 1,600 feet down- stream of Stratford Avenue Bridge; thence 24 feet to the bridge (1953) ; 15 feet in the Poquonock River channel to the upstream limit of the Federal project, with the exception of a 13-foot depth through the East Washington Avenue draw-passage (1953) ; 12.7 feet in Yellow Mill channel to about 1,600 feet upstream of Strat- ford Avenue Bridge (1956); thence 15 feet to head of project (1943); 12.5 feet in Johnson River to north end of channel (1956) ; 18 feet in the easterly three-quarters and 15.3 feet in the westerly quarter of the Black Rock Harbor and Cedar Creek channel; 14 feet in the east and 17.9 in the west branch (1955); 3 feet in Burr Creek (1939); 28 feet in 30-foot turning basin (1953) ; 21 feet in the southerly three-quarters and 18 feet in the remaining quarter of the 25-foot anchorage basin (1953); and 15 feet in 18-foot anchorage basin (1953). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $3,215,730, of which $2,206,898 was for new work and $1,008,832 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------........ ....... ----------- ----------- ---------- ------ ----------- $2,585,347 Cost ------------ ------------------------------------------------------ 2,585,347 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $53,852 $6,400 -$709 $175,200 $325,900 1,263,828 Cost----------------- 23,554 36,009 ......------------ 46,872 211,181 1,020,781 1Includes $378,450 for new work and $11,949 for maintenance for previous projects. 35. WESTPORT HARBOR AND SAUGATUCK RIVER, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound about 11 miles west of Bridgeport Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 221 and 1212.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1827. For further details see page 1758 of Annual Re- port for 1915 and page 189 of Annual Report for 1901. Existing project. This provides for a channel 9 feet deep, 125 feet wide across the outer bar, and generally 100 feet wide to the highway bridge at Saugatuck, thence 4 feet deep, 60 feet wide up to Westport; a turning and anchorage basin 6 feet deep, about 3.5 acres in area downstream of the highway bridge at Sauga- tuck; a riprap breakwater about 540 feet long at Cedar Point; RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 65 removing ledge opposite Stony Point and boulders from the channel. The mean and spring tidal ranges are 7 and 8.3 feet respectively. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $151,000, exclusive of $46,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,700. The portion of the project for completion of the channel 4 feet deep, 60 feet wide at the upper end of the project at Westport is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the estimate of cost for new work. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $16,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 13, 18921 Channel_ ..------------ .. .----- ------------------ H. Ex. 179, 51st Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report for 1891, p. 840. June 3, 1896 Ledge and boulder removal and breakwater repair__ H. Doc. 67, 54th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report for 1896, p. 806. Sept. 3, 1954 Channel 9 feet deep, 125 feet wide---_-- - _.---- H. Doc. 488, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Anchorage basin 6 feet deep. (Contains latest published map). 1 Upper end at Westport inactive. Local cooperation. The terms of local cooperation require a local cash contribution of $46,000 and that local interests should also be required to provide, at their own expense a public landing, and to hold and save the United States free from all damages resulting from the construction of the improvement. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary public contacts and office studies were made during the fiscal year. Costs for this work from regular funds amounted to $4,148, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is ap- proximately 25 percent complete. To complete the project there remains the dredging of the 9-foot channel and 6-foot turning basin and anchorage. The controlling depths at mean low water in the 9-foot channel were: 7.0 feet across the outer bar, thence 3.0 feet to Saugatuck (1955); thence 3.0 feet to the lower wharves, thence 1 foot (and less) to the upper wharves at West- port in the 4-foot channel. Total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $33,429, of which $19,308 was for new work and $14,121 was for maintenance. 66 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated------------------------- $4,148 $19,308 Cost------------------------------------------------------ 4,148 19,308 Maintenance: Appropriated -----------------............................-------- ----------------- 14,121 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 14,121 Other new work data: Estimated addtional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_________------------------- $131, 700 36. NORWALK HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 40 miles east of New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 221 and 1213.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, June 3, 1896, and March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1757 of the Annual Report for 1915 and page 137 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep from the outer harbor to the highway bridge at South Norwalk, about 3.1 miles, 200 feet wide to Gregory (Dorlon) Point, thence 150 feet wide to South Norwalk, and 250 feet wide along the South Norwalk wharves, thence a channel 10 feet deep and generally 100 feet wide to the head of navigation about 1.5 miles; an anchorage basin 10 feet deep and about 17 acres in area opposite Fitch Point; a channel 6 feet deep from the 10-foot anchorage to East Norwalk, 125 feet wide to the bend beyond Third Street, thence 150 feet wide to the head, a total distance of 2,900 feet; and for an irregular-shaped anchorage basin of about 7 acres, 6 feet deep adjacent to the upper portion of the East Norwalk channel. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges at South Norwalk are 7.1 and 8.4 feet, respectively. The cost of new work for the completed project was $368,612, exclusive of $34,500 contributed by local interests and exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $11,900. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1919 South Norwalk and Norwalk channels: 10-foot an- H. Doc. No. 1143, 63d Cong., 2d chorage. sess. Mar. 2, 1945 East Norwalk channel widening and anchorage- .-__ H. Doc. No. 220, 76th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published maps). RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 67 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 2 city wharves, neither of which is in usable condition. There are 19 private wharves in use or in usable condition having a total berthing space of about 3,100 feet. One has rail connections. None of the private wharves are open to general use. The public wharves are inade- quate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Southern New England, 1941.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to restore project depth of 10 feet in the Norwalk River Channel extending from the Washington Street Bridge to Norwalk was started on November 30, 1955, and completed May 15, 1956. During the period 73,726 cubic yards of ordinary ma- terial were removed. Costs from regular funds during the fiscal year amounted to $84,788, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: 12 feet in the 12-foot channels from Long Island Sound to the Washington Street Bridge (1954); thence 10 feet in the 10-foot channel except in the extreme upper end where the depth is 8 feet (1956); 6 to 12 feet in the basin at Norwalk (1940); 5 feet in the 10-foot anchorage basin (1953) ; 6 feet in the 6-foot East Norwalk Channel from Fitch Point Light to the upstream limit of the Federal project (1954) ; 4 feet in the 6-foot anchorage basin East Norwalk (1954). The total costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $815,269, of which $368,612 was for new work and $446,657 was for maintenance. In addi- tion $34,500 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- $20,077----------------------------------- ..-----------. 2 $531,129 Cost . ------------ 531,129 Maintenance: 3,000 Appropriated -------------...........------- $165,000 -$15,499 $104,700 532,689 -------- Cost-----------------_-- 2,609 70,406 79,485 84,788 512,777 1 Includes $162,517 for new work and $66,120 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $34,500 was expended for new work from contributed funds. 37. WESTCOTT COVE, CONN. Location. Westcott Cove is on the north shore of Long Island Sound, one mile east of the entrance to Stamford Harbor and separated from the harbor by a narrow neck of land known as Shippan Point. It is about 33 miles east of New York City and 20 miles southwest of Bridgeport, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 222 and 1213.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 100 feet wide and 8 feet deep from that depth in Long Island Sound through 68 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Westcott Cove to the south limit of the lagoon. The mean range of tide is 7.2 feet. The estimate of cost for new work made in 1956 is $65,000, exclusive of $21,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1946) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,200. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are no commercial terminal and transfer facilities in the cove. The boatyard located at the lagoon entrance has landing facilities and two marine railways with a capacity of 100 tons. The municipal yacht club maintains land- ing facilities and mooring space for local and transient pleasure craft. These facilities are open to the public on equal terms. There are several private landings located in the cove, none of which is available for use by the general public. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations con- sisted of engineering studies and preparation of plans and speci- fications for improvement dredging in Long Island Sound through Westcott Cove. Costs from regular funds during the fiscal year amounted to $2,185, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project has not been initiated. To complete the project there remains the dredging of an 8-foot channel in Long Island Sound through Westcott Cove. The controlling depth in the project channel was + 3.4 (1956). Total costs under the existing project from regu- lar funds have been $2,185, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 New work: Appropriated -----------------------------------------------........ $65,000 $65,000 Cost -------------------------------------------------------- 2,185 2,185 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ _ $62, 815 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------------ 62, 815 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1953 1954 1955 1952 New work: Appropriated------- ---------------------------- ------------ $21,000 $21,000 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _________ $21, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-- -- ___-__-_____-_________ _ ___21,000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 69 38. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey conducted Connecticut: Bridgeport Harbor ____..... ______..... $900 April 1956. Clinton Harbor_.________..__- 500 January 1956. Fivemile River ... __---_... 400 April 1956. Housatonic River__ ........ _ 2,300 April 1956. M ianus R iver ---................ ............ 300 May 1956. New Haven Harbor_...... .__ __ 2,400 February 1956. New London Harbor_.....__........._____........ 1,200 March 1956. Pawcatuck River ......... __ 1,400 April 1956. Southport Harbor (breakwaters) 400 May 1956. Stamford Harbor ________ 600 April 1956. Stonington Harbor (breakwaters) Tham es River......... ------------------ ............... ........ 100 March 1956. 1,800 July 1955. Westport Harbor and Saugatuck River---- 700 July 1955. Maine: Boothbay H arbor .-..--.------------............ 100 July 1955. East Boothbay Harbor ... __ 100 July 1955. G eorges R iver--................................ 500 July 1955. Kennebunk River __....._ _..................... 700 July 1955. M edom ak River................... ............... 100 July 1955. Penobscot River ____________ .. 2,600 July 1955. U nion R iver---------------------------------- 700 August 1955. Massachusetts: Beverly Harbor ----............................ 500 January 1956. B os t on H ar b or _ __. ___ . .__ ______ . . . ___ _ __. 1,800 August 1955. Edgartown Harbor __________ ... _________ ______ 1,200 September 1955. Essex R iver- -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,700 April 1956. Fall River Harbor -........ ....... 700 July 1955. Hyannis Harbor (breakwater)______ 200 May 1956. Merrimack River_______ _____________________--. 5,400 June 1956. Nantucket Harbor -------------------------- 900 August 1955. New Bedford and Fair Haven Harbor __ _ 500 July 1955. Newburyport Harbor_..._______________ _______ 100 July 1955. Salem Harbor ..................................... 1,300 April 1956. Scituate H arbor ........ ................ ....... 100 July 1955. Vineyard Haven Harbor --........................ 900 September 1955. Weymouth Back River-.......__ ._______.______ 800 April 1956. Woods Hole Channel ..... _ . .______ 400 May 1956. Rhode Island: Pawcatuck River (See Connecticut) Sakonnet Harbor (breakwater)_____ ____ 100 July 1956. Seekonk R iver ............................. ...... 300 July 1956. Wickford Harbor (breakwater) - .- 200 May 1956. 39. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 2 1. Bagaduce River, Maine 8 4....__....._.... 1912 $28,000 ...-------------- Bagaduce River, Maine (inactive) 1 ...... $50,000 2. Bar Harbor, Maine_...._ 1932 406,591 .. . Bar Harbor, Maine (inactive) 1___ 75,000 3. Bass Harbor Bar, Maine- _ 1920 4,076 $3,418 (*) 4. Belfast Harbor, Maine__._.._...__________ 1954 39,561 1,160 (*) 5. Bellamy River, N.H.2 4 _ 1897 34,643 (*) 6. Beverly Harbor, Mass ....__..___..___.... 1951 5197,565 ---------------------------------- 1,718 (*) 7. Boothbay Harbor, Maine 34_ 1953 18,000 1,560 (*) 8. Bucksport Harbor, Maine_ __..........._._ 1907 18,421 279 9. Bullocks Point Cove, R.I ................. 7220,000 10. Buttermilk Bay (Channel), Mass ._... ............-------- 1953 31,676 (*) 11. Camden Harbor, Maine 3_____._.________ 4 1945 31,075 72,400 ---------------------------------- 668- (*) 12. Canipitsit Channel, Mass. ___ ______ 1899 9,113 ......... (*) 13. Cape Porpoise Harbor, Maine_______ 1954 8 175,037 668 (*) 14. Carvers Harbor, Maine 4- 1915 16,000 15. Cathance River, Maine 2 4____________ ....---------- (*) 1881 21,000 (*) 16. Chatham (Stage) Harbor, Mass - -.. ---- 1953 9226, 500 17. Clinton Harbor, Conn .... ____ ______ 1952 to 79,005 3,270 (*) 18. Coasters Island Harbor, R.I.4 11............. 1911 5,500 13,052 (*) 19. Cobscook Bay, Maine 2 4 1866 4,173 (*) See footnotes at end of table. 70 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 20. Cocheco River, N.H.2 4 .................. __ 1913 $119,089 $9,643 (*) 21. Cohasset Harbor, Mass.___ .___.___.__ 1949 ............ 12 $198,000 22. Connecticut River (above Hartford), C onn.xa _. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1932 116,324 14,374 Connecticut River (above Hartford), Conn. ............ (inactive) 1 14 12,700,000 23. Corea Harbor, Maine._________________ 1954 31,707 59,162 (*) 24. Criehaven Harbor, Maine-_- - - 1939 40,776 7,956 (*) 25. Cross Rip Shoals, Nantucket Sound, Mass_ 1954 24,200 42,654 (*) 26. Damariscotta River, Maine 4 16 --_ - 1906 5,000 (*) 27. Deer Island Thoroughfare, Maine ........ 1916 40,000 (*) 28. Duck Island Harbor, Conn____ ... ____ 1953 367,298 346,869 (*) 29. Duxbury Harbor, Mass_ -- ..- 1949 ............ .......... _. 15152,000 30. East Boothbay Harbor, Mass. _ 1953 6,500 16,978 (*) 31. Edgartown Harbor, Maine 11 17 1943 25,614 (*) 32. Essex River, Mass ...... . .. ___ 1948 21,799 1860,050 (*) 33. Exeter River, N.H.4 16 _____________ 1913 27,454 (*) 34. Fall River Harbor, Mass _____ 1955 2,637,642 314,388 1,700,000 Fall River Harbor, Mass. (inactive) 1. ----.....--- -------------- 185,000 35. Falmouth Harbor, Mass_________________ 1948 1960, 000 36. Fivemile River Harbor, Conn.3 20___----_-- 1_ 1953 35,490 32,137 Fivemile River Harbor, Conn. (inactive) ----.....---. 15,000 37. Georges River, Maine 3____________________ 1935 25,788 39,566 (*) 38. Greenwich Bay, R.I____ 1893 2,000 (*) 39. Greenwich Harbor, Conn -....- . 1953 21181,741 64,139 (*) 40. Harraseeket River, Maine 4 16 1 1896 30,963 (*) 41. Hay (West) Harbor, Fishers Island, N.Y. 1931 8,401 (*) 42. Hingham Harbor, Mass .____________ 1954 19,000 51,803 (*) 43. Hyannis Harbor, Mass____ ____ 1951 197,383 56,265 22277,500 44. Ipswich River, Mass_ ____________ 1950 5,618 2,151 (*) 45. Josias River, Maine_ 1952 23 30,658 (*) 46. Kennebunk River, Maine 16 1955 83,584 150,546 (*) 47. Kingston Harbor (North Plymouth), Mass. 1895 8,940 (*) 48. Lake Winnipesaukee, 4N.H_-----. 1952 7,500 29,651 (*) 49. Lamprey River, N.H. 16-._.-___- 1913 19,980 8,268 (*) 50. Little Harbor, N.H.4 24_-- 4 1909 133,227 3,122 (*) 51. Little Harbor, Woods Hole, Mass. 11-..... 1906 18,000 (*) 52. Machias River, Maine 2 4 16 1877 32,000 (*) 53. Malden River, Mass. 5________________ 1922 2679,866 45,097 (*) 54. Manchester Harbor, Mass____ 1949 503,000 55. Marblehead Harbor, Mass___ 1945 584 27 268,000 56. Matinicus Harbor, Maine________ 4 1952 14,000 8,413 (*) 57. Mattapoisett Harbor, Mass. _____ 1950 2867,000 58. Medomak River, Maine 3. _ .. _ ______ 1953 17,000 92,175 (*) 59. Merrimack River, Mass. ______________ 1940 115,425 147,860 (*) 60. Mianus River, Conn___ __ _.____ 1952 29 132,435 65 (*) 61. Moosabec Bar, Maine 4__________ 1930 114,000 12,600 (*) 62. Nantucket (Harbor of Refuge), Mass. ..... 1952 456,482 277,300 30130,000 Nantucket (Harbor of Refuge), Mass. (in- ----.....--. active) ....... .. . . _._ . 85,000 63. Narraguagus River, Maine 2 4 -- 1907 49,644 (*) 64. New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor, Mass 1953 1,686,918 625,083 New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor, Mass. ............ (inactive)1 ---------------------------- 123,000 65. New Harbor, Maine 3_ .............. _ 1937 10,500 12,838 (*) 66. New Haven Breakwater, Conn ........... 1950 1,242,246 40,254 (*) 67. New London Harbor, Conn__ .... .... 1954 567,974 224,825 (*) 68. Newburyport Harbor, Mass_ ___ 1954 463,843 293,637 82 143,000 69. Newport Harbor, R.I 1953 498,828 29,916 (*) 70. Northeast Harbor, Maine __________ ...... _ 1954 138,942 .----------- (*) 71. Owls Head Harbor, Maine 2 3-.....1. . 1855 17,897 -------------- (*) 72. Passamaquoddy Tidal Power Project, Maine . 1935 6,384,394 (33) 73. Pawcatuck River, R.I. and Conn .. - -. . 1955 11 181,777 253,877 (*) Pawcatuck River, R.I. and Conn. (inactive)1 84,000 74. Penobscot River, Maine __________ 1954 292,020 96,901 (*) 75. Pepperell Cove, Maine 4_____ _____ 1920 158,262 138 (*) 76. Pleasant River, Maine 4 16______ _______ 1892 3,500 ---- 368,560 (*) 77. Plymouth Harbor, Mass __ - - 1954 84 188,571 368,560 Plymouth Harbor, Mass. (deferred for re- study)__________ ................... ____ 4 35 405,000 78. Potowomut River, R.I. 11 1882 5,000------------- (*) 79. Provincetown Harbor, Mass______ __ _ 1949 131,653 43,114 8e980,000 Provincetown Harbor, Mass. (inactive)s _ ............ 45,000 80. Richmond Harbor, Maine 4 16 1883 20,000 ------------- (*) 81. Richmond's Island Harbor, Maine 4....... 1882 119,844 (*) 82. Rockland Harbor, Maine- ..... .... ..... 1950 820,000 83. Rockport Harbor, Maine3 _2 1915 32,000 (*) 84. Rockport Harbor, Mass. 1905 22,000 ............. (*) See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 71 Cost to June 30, 1956 For last _ Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 85. Royal River, Maine 2 4_ _________ ___- 1884 $21,919 $8,081 (*) 86. Saco River, Maine__.._______. .____.. ___.... 1947 37531,716 132,019 Saco River, Maine (inactive) --------------- __ ---------------------------- $30,000 87. St. Croix River, Maine_4 ------------------- 11 1950 38 179,550 10,450 (*) 88. Sakonnet Harbor, R.I.11 1940 62,203 10,296 (*) 89. Sakonnet River, R.I. 35_--_________ - 1909 38,427 - - (*) 90. Salem Harbor, Mass. ______ ____________ 1953 48,088 9,043 225,000 91. Sandy Bay (Harbor of Refuge) Cape Ann, Mass. 3 ________________________ 1922 1,925,553 15, 926 Sandy Bay (Harbor of Refuge) Cape Ann, Mass. (inactive)_ _---_ _-------------------------------------- 9,975,000 92. Sasanoa River, Maine 2 4_ ______ ______ 1915 35,000 -------------- (*) 93. Scarboro River, Maine, between Prout's Neck and Pine Point________________- 1950 __ 40 205,000 94. Scituate Harbor, Mass __-____________-- 1953 179,796 7,814 290,000 95. Seekonk River, R.I---------------------- 1954 41337,789 780,260 (*) 96. South Bristol Harbor, Maine________- ____ 1914 3,500--------------- (*) 97. Southport Harbor, Conn- --------- __ 1954 4254, 214 42,224 (*) 98. Stamford Harbor, Conn__________ __ ___ 1954 43757,681 170,834 Stamford Harbor, Conn. (inactive)'_ __. . __.. ___--- ..-- -------------- - 125,000 99. Stockton Harbor, Maine 2 3 4___________ 1915 33,000 ...--......... (*) 100. Sullivan Falls Harbor, Maine 2 4....-...... 1914 19,871 -------------- (*) 101. Taunton River, Mass- _.--------------- 1948 271,396 86 441,309,000 102. Tenants Harbor, Maine ____--- ----- 1920 18,750 ....------... (*) 103. Thames River, Conn__-__-________-_L______ 1955 1,323,571 910,451 (*) 104. Union River, Maine 2 3 .. _- - 1912 146,855 16,589 (*) 105. Vineyard Haven Harbor, Mass. ----------- 1943 27,186 - (*) 106. Wareham Harbor, Mass.'e .________________ 1896 95,997 .. Wareham Harbor, Mass. 11 (inactive) '-____- _-.----.---.------------------------ 48,000 107. Warren River, R.I. --------------------- 1890 5,000 .....------------- (*) 108. Wellfleet Harbor, Mass-_ 4 - ------- 1949 --------------------- 45303,000 109. Wells Harbor, Me. 6 4 _----- 1874 5,000 (*) 110. Westport River, Mass. 6 -1942 Westport River, Mass. (deferred for restudy) ..------------ -------------- ------------ 77,000 4635 111. Weymouth Back River, Mass.- - ----- 1944 4768,740 ------------- _ (*) 112. Weymouth Fore River, Mass.3 48_ - 1953 355,227 134,906 95,300,000 Weymouth Fore River (inactive) .---------- --------------- 31265,000 113. Wickford Harbor, R.I _...... 4 1953 60117,733 449 (*) 114. Wilson Point Harbor, Conn. 2 n ______1895 54,177_- (*) 115. Winthrop Harbor, Mass. 4_ __------- 1895 8,992 - - - (*) 116. Woods Hole Channel, Mass-_ 1940 230,000 11,661 (*) 117. York Harbor, Maine _ _-- --------- 1953 13,400 20,900 (*) *Completed. 1Inactive. Latest Cost estimate revision-1954. 2 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 3 Improvements adequate for commerce. 4No commerce reported. 9 Excludes $100,000 expended from contributed funds. 6 Awaiting local cooperation. ?Exclusive of $160,000 local cash contribution and an estimated cost to local interests of $30,000 for a public wharf and $10,000 for a dike for spoil area. 8 In addition $20,000 was expended from contributed funds. 9 Exclusive of $43,500 to be contributed by local interests. t0Exclusive of $6,600 contributed by local interests. 11Maintenance unnecessary or not urgent. 12Exclusive of $30,000 to be contributed by local interests. 18Awaiting local cooperation. Under date of January 14, 1939, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for construction of a lock, dam, and power plant at Enfield Rapids. (H. Doc. 165, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) 14Estimated cost of project $12,816,000; expenditures limited by law to $1,000,000. 's Exclusive of $35,000 to be contributed by local interests and an estimated cost to local interest of $12,000 for a public wharf. 16 Reported by the District Engineer as unworthy of further improvement. '7 In addition $10,000 was expended from contributed funds. 18Excludes $5,000 expended of contributed funds. 19 Exclusive of $35,000 to be contributed by local interests and an estimated cost to local interests of $47,000 for a public wharf. 20 Curtailment recommended Dec. 15, 1914, in H. Doc. 1419, 63d Cong., 3d sess. 21Excludes $100,000 expended from contributed funds. 22Exclusive of $62,500 to be contributed by local interests. 23Exclusive of $35,000 expended by local interests for work on the project. 24Elimination of maintenance dredging recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. n Under State maintenance. 28Exclusive of $62,000 expended from contributed funds. 7 Exclusive of $60,000 to be contributed by local interests. 72 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 28 Exclusive of $33,000 to be contributed by local interests. 29Exclusive of $46,500 contributed by local interests. 0 Exclusive of $31,500 to be contributed by local interests. 31Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision 1955. 329-foot and 12-foot channel and basin. 38 Work discontinued 1937. Facilities transferred to the War Assets Administration. 34In addition $108,400 has been expended from contributed funds, of which $108,000 was for new work and $400 was for maintenance. 35Deferred for restudy. Latest cost estimate 1954. asExclusive of $760,000 to be contributed by local interests. 37Exclusive of $20,000 expended from contributed funds. 38Exclusive of $19,892 expended from contributed funds. 39Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 411, 64th Cong., 1st sess., and in Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee-Doc. 3, 65th Cong., 1st sess. 40 Exclusive of $10,000 to be contributed by local interests and an estimated cost to local interests of $5,000 for a public landing. 41In addition the sum of $67,792 has been expended for new work from contributed funds. 42These costs include $37,714 expended for new work from emergency relief funds and $16,500 contributed by local interests. In addition $1,785 was expended by local interests for work outside the approved project. 43In addition costs have been $169,636 from contributed funds for new work. 44 Exclusive of costs to local interests of $137,000 cash contribution. In addition a public wharf is to be furnished by local interests at an estimated cost of $27,000. 45Exclusive of $32,000 to be contributed by loctl interests and $22,000 for a bulkhead spoil area. 48 Exclusive of $80,000 to be contributed by local interests. 47Exclusive of $20,000 expended from contributed funds. 48Modification recommended in H. Doc. 555, 82d Cong., 2d sess. 49In addition local interests will alter utilities at a cost of approximately $75,000. 50 Exclusive of $25,000 contributed by local interests. 61In addition costs to local interests amounted to $20,000. 40. NAVIGATION WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Shagging, clearing, and straightening channels in navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of navigation (sec. 3 of the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945). Pursuant to this authority funds were made available in fiscal year 1956 for pre- liminary design for clearing and straightening the channel at Sheepscot River, Maine. Costs during the fiscal year from regu- lar funds for this work amounted to $552. 41. HAMPTON BEACH, HAMPTON, N. H. Location. Hampton Beach, situated on the shore of New Hamp- shire facing the Atlantic Ocean between Hampton Harbor and the Great Boar's Head, is a public beach in the town of Hampton owned by the State of New Hampshire and the town of Hampton. It is located about 12 miles south of Portsmouth, N. H. and about 40 miles northeast of Boston, Mass. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Chart No. 1206.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participatioh in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction in the plan of protection and improvement, which comprises the widening by direct placement of sand to a 150-foot width, 5,200 feet of beach north of Haverhill Street, with an added 25-foot widening along 1,250 feet of the northern end of the fill area. The mean range of tide is 8.3 feet, and the spring range is 9.6 feet. The estimated share of cost of the completed project is $123,700. These costs are subject to minor final adjustment. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law; such maintenance being the re- sponsibility of the State of New Hampshire. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. The latest published maps and plans are contained in the project document (H. Doc. 325, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). SHORE PROTECTION-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 73 Local cooperation. The State of New Hampshire has furnished assurances that the required conditions of local cooperation will be met. These conditions require that the State of New Hamp- shire (1) adopt the aforementioned plan of protection and im- provement; (2) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and specifications and arrangements for prosecuting work on the project prior to the commencement of such work; (3) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for accomplishment of the work; and (4) give satisfactory assurances that they will (a) maintain the protective and improvement measures during the useful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (b) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise be- fore, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (d) maintain continued public ownership of the beach and its administration for public use only. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs from regular Federal funds for new work in the amount of $123,653 were in- curred during the fiscal year in making partial payment of the Federal share of the cost of the project to the State of New Hamp- shire. 'Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was initiated by the State of New Hampshire in August 1955 and completed in December 1955. Total Federal costs under the existing project have been $123,653, all for new work. In addition, costs to local interests amounted to $247,306. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to Tune 30, 1956 1954 1955 1956 1952 - 1953 New work: Appropriated .......------------------ ----------------------------- $140,000 $140,000 Cost ------ ----------------------------------------------- 123,653 1123,653 1In addition costs to local interests amounted to $247,306. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- - $16, 347 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------------------------- 16, 347 42. WINTHROP BEACH, WINTHROP, MASS. Location. Winthrop Beach is located in the town of Winthrop, Mass., 3 miles north of the main entrance channel to Boston Har- bor and 41/2 miles northeast of the city of Boston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 246 and U. S. Geological Survey, Boston Bay Quadrangle.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction in the plan of protection and improvement which comprises the extension of reconstruction of the existing seawall for a length of 400 feet 74 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 from Trident Avenue south to Wave Way; the raising of the height of the existing seawall 2 to 3 feet for an aggregate length of 1,800 feet from Wave Way south to Pearl Avenue and from Irwin Street south to Beacon Street; protection of the reconstructed wall and adjacent sections by placement of riprap later, as required mainte- nance; the construction of 8 stone groins with an aggregate length of 3,400 feet north of Wave Way and south of Underhill Street; and the placement of 200,000 cubic yards of sandfill, generally be- tween the groins. The mean tidal range is 9 feet. Revision of design approved by the Chief of Engineers Septem- ber 22, 1953, provides for reduction of the aggregate length of groins to 2,300 feet of which all but 760 feet could be deferred and for placement of sandfill to revised grades and slopes, resulting in an increase in beachfill volume to 245,000 cubic yards. The estimate, approved in 1956, of cost of Federal participation is $235,000. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law, such maintenance being the responsibility of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The latest published maps and plans are contained in the project document (H. Doc. 764, 80th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Federal costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $150,168 for new work in connection with the shore protection project under contsruction by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated by the Metropolitan District Commission of the Com- monwealth of Massachusetts on September 6, 1949, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The project is approxi- mately 60 percent complete. There remains additional construc- tion of groins and repairs to the seawalls; and additional place- ment of sandfill to complete the project. Federal costs from regular funds have been $150,168, all for new work. In addition costs to local interests for the new work have been $300,336. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated -------------------------------------- ------- -----. $210,000 $210,000 Cost - --------------------------------------------- 150,168 1150,168 1 In addition coststo localinterests have amounted to $300,336 for new work. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ $58, 832 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ 58, 832 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __ __ _ 25, 000 SHORE PROTECTION-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 75 43. HAMMONASSET BEACH, MADISON, CONN. Location. Hammonasset Beach is located in Madison, Conn., on the north shore of Long Island Sound west of Clinton Harbor. It is about 20 miles east of the center of New Haven, and 11 miles west of the mouth of the Connecticut River. Is is a public beach owned by the State of Connecticut. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 216 and 1212.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction in the plan of protection and improvement, which comprises a widening of 50 feet at the east end, increasing to 100 feet at the west end, of about 10,000 feet of beach by direct placement of sand, construc- tion of two impermeable training walls at Toms Creek, 320 and 400 feet long, and an impermeable groin at Hammonasset Point, 800 feet long. The mean range of tide is 4.9 feet and the spring range is 5.8 feet. The Federal share of the cost of the completed project was $163,183. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law, such maintenance being the responsibility of the State of Connecticut. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. The latest published maps and plans are contained in the project document (H. Doc. 474, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. The State of Connecticut has furnished as- surances that the required conditions of local cooperation will be met. These conditions require that the State of Connecticut (1) adopt the aforementioned plan of protection and improvement; (2) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and specifications and arrangements for prosecuting work on the project prior to the commencement of such work; (3) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of- way for accomplishment of the work; and (4) give satisfactory assurances that they will (a) maintain the protective and improve- ment measures during the useful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (b) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be per- mitted; and (d) maintain continued public ownership of the beach and its administration for public use only. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs from regular funds for new work in the amount of $163,183 were incurred dur- ing the fiscal year in making final payment of the Federal share of the cost of the project to the State of Connecticut. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was initiated by the State of Connecticut, the participating agency, in February 1955 and completed in June 1955. Total Federal costs under the exist- ing project from regular funds have been $163,183, all for new work. In addition, costs to local interests for the new work amounted to $326,366. 76 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $163,183 $163,183 Cost ---------------------------------------------------------------- 163,183 163,183 44. MIDDLE BEACH, CONN. Location. Middle Beach, located on the north shore of Long Island Sound about 2 miles west of Hammonasset State Park opposite Tuxis Island, is a public beach owned by the town of Madison. It is about 17 miles east of the center of New Haven, and 14 miles west of the mouth of the Connecticut River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 216 and 1212.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation, in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction, in the plan of protection and improvement, which comprises the revet- ment of 700 feet of seawall by placement of riprap for a width of 20 feet, or, contingent upon evidence satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers that facilities for public use will be provided by local interests widening to a 100-foot width 700 feet of beach by the direct placement of sand and construction of an impermeable groin 300 feet long, all in lieu of the revetment. The mean range of tide is 4.9 feet, and the spring range is 5.8 feet. The estimate, approved in 1956, of Federal participation is $17,000. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law, such maintenance being the responsibility of the State of Connecticut or local authorities. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. The latest published maps and plans are contained in the project document (H. Doc. 474, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. The State of Connecticut and local authori- ties have furnished assurances that the required conditions of local cooperation will be met. These conditions require that the State of Connecticut or responsible local authorities (1) adopt the aforementioned plan of protection and improvement; (2) sub- mit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and specifications and arrangements for prosecuting work on the project prior to the commencement of such work; (3) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights- of-way for accomplishment of the work; and (4) give satisfactory assurances that they will (a) maintain the protective and improve- ment measures during the useful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purposes; (b) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (d) maintain continued public ownership of the SHORE PROTECTION-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 77 beach and its administration for public use only. Operations and results during fiscal year. Consultation was provided in connection with planning for proposed construction of the project by the State of Connecticut. Federal costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $68, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project has not been initiated. Total Federal costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $68, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .......----------------------------------------------- $10,000 $10,000 Cost ---------------- ------------------------------------ 68 68 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____- $9, 932 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __-- ____________ -- _ _ 9, 932 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ________________- ___ _ _- 7, 000 45. PROSPECT BEACH, WEST HAVEN, CONN. Location. Prospect Beach is located on the north shore of Long Island Sound between Sea Bluff Beach and Oyster River Point in the town of West Haven, Conn. It is about four miles southwest of the city of New Haven and about 70 miles east of New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 218 and 1212.) Existing project. The existing project provides for Federal participation to the extent of 30 percent of the first cost of con- struction in the plan of protection and improvement of the pub- licly owned portion of the beach. The Federal participation amounts to 30 percent of the entire first cost. The plan provides for widening 6,000 feet of Prospect Beach to a 100-foot width by direct placement of sand, from a point about 350 feet south of South Street northerly to Ivy Street with an added 50-foot widen- ing at the south end of the fill, and construction of eight im- permeable groins each 330 feet long. The mean range of tide is 6.2 feet. The estimate, approved in 1956, of Federal participation is $111,000. No maintenance by the United States is required under law, such maintenance being the responsibility of local interests. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, in accordance with recommendations contained in House Document 203, 83d Congress, 1st Session. Local cooperation. The State of Connecticut and local author- ities have furnished assurances that the required conditions of local cooperation will be met. These conditions require that the State 78 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 of Connecticut or responsible local authorities (1) adopt the aforementioned plan of protection and improvement; (2) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and specifi- cations and arrangements for prosecuting work on the project prior to the commencement of such work; (3) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for accomplishment of the work; and (4) give satisfactory assurances that they will (a) maintain the protective and improvement meas- ures during the useful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (b) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (d) maintain continued public ownership of the beach and its administration for public use only. Operations and results during fiscal year Plans and specifica- tions were prepared by the Corps of Engineers at the request of the State of Connecticut for placement of sandfill. Federal costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $5,142 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering studies have been completed. Construction of the project has not been initiated. Total Federal costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $5,142, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated .......---- . . -$111,000 .-----.--------------------.. $111,000 Cost --------- ----------------------------------------------- 5,142 5,142 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $104, 880 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___________ 104, 880 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS New work: Appropriated Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ________ $259, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending Jue 30, 1957-_____-_-______-_________________ 259, 000 SHORE PROTECTION-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 79 46. GULF BEACH, MILFORD, CONN. Location. Gulf Beach is located at Milford Harbor on the north shore of Long Island Sound southeast of and adjacent to the jetty at the mouth of Indian River. It is a public beach owned by the town of Milford about 9 miles southwest of the center of New Haven, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Charts Nos. 219 and 1212.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction in the plan of protection and improvement, which comprises the widen- ing to a 100-foot width of about 1,200 feet of beach by direct place- ment of sand. The mean range of tide is 6.6 feet, and the spring range is 7.8 feet. The estimate, approved in 1956, of Federal participation is $25,000. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law, such maintenance being the responsibility of the State of Connecticut or local authorities. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. The latest published maps and plans are contained in the project document (H. Doc. 203, 83d Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. The State of Connecticut and local author- ities have furnished assurances that the required conditions of local cooperation will be met. These conditions require that the State of Connecticut or responsible local authorities (1) adopt the aforementioned plan of protection and improvement; (2) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and specifi- cations and arrangements for prosecuting work on the project prior to the commencement of such work; (3) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for accomplishment of the work; and (4) give satisfactory assurances that they will (a) maintain the protective and improvement meas- ures during the useful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (b) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (d) maintain continued public ownership of the beach. Operations and results during fiscal year Plans and specifica- tions were completed by the State of Connecticut and have been reviewed and approved as required. Federal costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $298, for new work. 'Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering studies have been completed. Construction of the project has not been initiated. The total Federal costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $298, all for new work. 80 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956' 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .----------------------------------------------- $10,000 $10,000 Cost-------------- ............... ------------------------------------- 298 298 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___-____ $9, 702 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____________________--__________- - 9,702 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project _________ -____-___________15,000 47. SEASIDE PARK, BRIDGEPORT, CONN. Location. Seaside Park, situated on the north shore of Long Island Sound between Fayerweather Island and Breezy Point, is a public park, owned by the city of Bridgeport. It is located west of and adjacent to the entrance to Bridgeport Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Charts Nos. 220 and 1213.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction in the plan of protection and improvement, which comprises widening to a 125-foot general width of about 8,800 feet of beach by direct place- ment of sand. The mean range of tide is 6.8 feet, and the spring range is 8.0 feet. The estimate, approved in 1956, of Federal participation is $180,000. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law, such maintenance being the responsibility of the State of Connecticut or local authorities. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. The latest published maps and plans are contained in the project document (H. Doc. 248, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. The State of Connecticut and local author- ities have furnished assurances that the required conditions of local cooperation will be met. These conditions require that the State of Connecticut or responsible local authorities (1) adopt the aforementioned plans of protection and improvement; (2) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and specifi- cations and arrangements for prosecuting work on the project prior to the commencement of such work; (3) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for accomplishment of the work; (4) give satisfactory assurances that they will (a) maintain the protective and improvement meas- ures during the useful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (b) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (d) SHORE PROTECTION---NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 81 maintain continued public ownership of the beach and its adminis- tration for public use only. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- cations were drafted by the State of Connecticut, and have been reviewed and returned with comments as to suggested changes. Revised plans by the State were in preparation at the close of the fiscal year. Federal costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $49.8 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering studies are under way. Construction of the project has not been initiated by the State. Total Federal costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $498, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ---------------- _------------ ------------ ------ $32,000 $32,000 Cost ........... - - 498 498 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $31, 502 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957L-___ _ ___ 31, 502 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- ____ 148, 000 48. JENNINGS BEACH, FAIRFIELD, CONN. Location. This beach, situated on the north shore of Long Island Sound immediately west of the mouth of Ash Creek, is a public beach owned by the town of Fairfield, Conn. It is about 4 miles southwest of the center of Bridgeport, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 220 and 1213.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction in the plan of protection and improvement, which comprises the construction of an impermeable jetty extending southeasterly from the west side of the mouth of Ash Creek for a distance of about 800 feet; and if experience indicates the necessity thereof, the dredging of an inlet channel through the outer bar. The mean range of tide is 6.9 feet and the spring range is 8.1 feet. The Federal share of the cost of the completed project was $14,401. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law, such maintenance being the responsibility of the State of Connecticut or local authorities. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The latest published maps and plans are contained in the project document (H. Doc. 454, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs from regular 82 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Federal funds for new work in the amount of $14,401 were in- curred during the fiscal year in making final payment of the Federal share of the cost of the project to the town of Fairfield, Conn. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The project has been completed by the town of Fairfield and the State of Connecticut (June 30, 1951), Total Federal costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $14,401, all for new work. In addition, costs to local interests for new work amounted to $28,802. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --------------- $14,700 -$299 $14,401 Cost .........- .- . --- -- ------ ......... ... 14,401 114,401 1In addition costs to local interests amounted to $28,802 for new work. 49. SASCO HILL BEACH, FAIRFIELD, CONN. Location. This beach is situated just east of the entrance to Southport Harbor and Mill River in the town of Fairfield, Conn. It is about 6 miles southwest of the center of Bridgeport, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 220 and 1213.) Existing"project. This provides for Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction in the plan of protection and improvement, which comprises the widening to a 100-foot width about 900 feet of beach by direct placement of sand, and construction of one impermeable groin 400 feet long at the west end of the improvement. The mean range of tide is 6.9 feet, and the spring range is 8.1 feet. The estimate, approved in 1956, of Federal participation is $22,000. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law, such maintenance being the responsibility of the State of Connecticut or local authorities. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The latest published maps and plans are contained in the project document (H. Doc. 454, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. The State of Connecticut and local author- ities have furnished assurances that the required conditions of local cooperation will be met. These conditions require that the State of Connecticut or responsible local authorities (1) adopt the aforementioned plan of protection and improvement; (2) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and specifications and arrangements for prosecuting work on the project prior to the commencement of such work; (3) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of- way for accomplishment of the work; and (4) give satisfactory assurances that they will (a) maintain the protective and improve- ment measures during the useful life thereof as may be required SHORE PROTECTION-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 88 to serve their intended purpose; (b) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (d) maintain continued public ownership of the beach and its administration for public use only. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions were completed by the State of Connecticut and have been reviewed and approved as required. Federal costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $587, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year Approximately 200 feet of the inshore end of the groin has been built by the town of Fairfield. Total Federal costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $587, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---------------- . ......... $10,000 $10,000 --------...............------------------------ Cost -------------------------------------------------------- 587 587 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___ _ $9, 413 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------------------------__ 9,413 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ _---------------------------_12,000 50. SOUTHPORT BEACH, FAIRFIELD, CONN. Location. This beach is situated immediately west of the en- trance to Southport Harbor and Mill River in the town of Fairfield, Conn. It is about 7 miles southwest of the center of Bridgeport, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 220 and 1213.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction of the plan of protection and improvement, which comprises the widen- ing to a 100-foot width of about 700 feet of beach by direct place- ment of sand, and constructing one impermeable groin 400 feet long at the west end of the improvement. The mean range of tide is 7.0 feet and the spring range is 8.3 feet. The latest estimate, approved in 1956, of Federal participation is $20,000. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law, such maintenance being the responsibility of the State of Connecticut or local authorities. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. Local cooperation. The State of Connecticut and local author- ities have furnished assurances that the required conditions of local cooperation will be met. These conditions require that the 84 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 State of Connecticut or responsible local authorities (1) adopt the aforementioned plan of protection and improvement; (2) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and speci- fications and arrangements for prosecuting work on the project prior to the commencement of such work; (3) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for ac- complishment of the work; and (4) give satisfactory assurances that they will (a) maintain the protective and improvement meas- ures during the useful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purposes; (b) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (d) maintain continued public ownership of the beach and its admin- istration for public use only. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions were completed by the State of Connecticut and have been reviewed and approved as required. Federal costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $394, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering studies have been completed. Construction of the project has not been initiated by the State. Total Federal costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $394, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated .......--- ---- --------------------- .------ ------------ $10,000 $10,000 Cost -- ----------------------------------------------------- 394 394 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- _ _ $9, 606 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957____-____ - _ __- 9, 606 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project 000 1----------------------- 51. BURIAL HILL BEACH, WESTPORT, CONN. Location. This beach is located on the north shore of Long Island Sound, just east of Sherwood Point, in the town of West- port, Conn. It is about 91/2 miles southwest of the center of Bridge- port, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 220 and 1213.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction in the plan of improvement of the beach, contingent upon the construction under the project for Sherwood Island State Park of a 400-foot training wall on the east bank of Burial Hill Creek. .The project consists of widening to a 100-foot width of about 500 feet of beach by the direct placement of sand. The mean range of tide is 7.0 feet, and the spring range is 8.3 feet. SHORE PROTECTION--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 85 The estimate, approved in 1956, of Federal participation is $10,000. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law, such maintenance being the responsibility of the State of 'onnecticut or local authorities. The existirig project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The: latest published maps and plans are contained in the project document (H. Doc. 454, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. The State of Connecticut and local author- ities have furnished assurances that the required conditions of local cooperation will be met. These conditions require that the State of Connecticut or responsible local authorities (1) adopt the afore- mentioned plan of protection and improvement; (2) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and specifica- tions and arrangements for prosecuting work on the project prior to the commencement of such work; (3) provide at their own ex- pense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for ac- complishment of the work; and (4) give satisfactory assurances that they will (a) maintain the protective and improvement meas- ures during the useful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (b) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (d) maintain continued public ownership of the beach and its administration for public use only. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions were completed by the State of Connecticut and have been reviewed and approved as required. Federal costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $190, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year Engineering studies have been completed. Construction of the project has not been initiated by the State. Total Federal costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $190, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscalyear ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------ Cost -------.... ------------------------ -----------$9,000 $9,000 ......-----------------------------........... -------------------------- 190 190 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year endirig June 30, 1956_______ $8, 810 Unobligated balandes available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ -- --------------- -8, 810 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project 1, 000 52. SHERWOOD ISLAND STATE PARK, WESTPORT, CONN. Location. This beach, situated on the north shore of Long Island Sound at Sherwood Point and in the town of Westport, Conn., is a part of Sherwood Island State Park. It is about 9 86 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 miles from the center of Bridgeport, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 220 and 1213.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction in the plan of protection and improvement, which comprises widening to a 150-foot width of about 6,000 feet of beach by direct place- ment of sand; the creation of a stockpile by direct placement of sand for an additional width of 100 feet for a distance of 1,000 feet east, and 1,000 feet west of Sherwood Point; the construction of two training walls 400 and 500 feet long at Burial Hill Creek; and the construction of an impermeable groin 500 feet long at the west end of the improvement. The mean range of tide is 7.0 feet, and the spring range is 8.3 feet. The estimate, approved in 1956, of Federal participation is $200,000. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law, such maintenance being the responsibility of the State of Connecticut or local authorities. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The latest published maps and plans are contained in the project document (H. Doc. 454, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation The State of Connecticut has furnished as- surances that the required conditions of local cooperation will be met. These conditions require that the State of Connecticut or responsible local authorities (1) adopt the aforementioned plan of protection and improvement; (2) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and specifications and arrange- ments for prosecuting work on the project prior to the commence- ment of such work; (3) provide at their own expense all neces- sary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for accomplishment of the work; and (4) give satisfactory assurances that they will (a) maintain the protective and improvement measures during the use- ful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (b) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (d) maintain con- tinued public ownership of the beach and its administration for public use only. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions were completed by the State of Connecticut and have been reviewed and approved as required. Federal costs during the fiscal year amounted to $1,051, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering studies have been completed. Construction of the project has not been initiated by the State. Total Federal costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $1,051, for new work. SHORE PROTECTION-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 87 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ---------------- _------------$159,000 $159,000 Cost --- ---------------------------------------------------- 1,051 1,051 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____. $157,949 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________________________________- 157, 949 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________ _______ ___------ 41,000 53. COMPO BEACH, WESTPORT, CONN. Location. This beach, situated on the north shore of Long Island Sound at Cedar Point, is a public beach owned by the town of Westport, Conn. It is about 10 miles southwest of the center of Bridgeport, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 221 and 1213.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of construction of the plan of protection and improvement, which comprises; the widening to 100-foot width of the beaches about 2,600 and 1,100 feet long, respectively, east and west of Cedar Point, by direct placement of sand and the construction of two impermeable groins 500 feet long, one at Hills Point and one at the west end of the improve- ment. The mean range of tide is 7.0 feet and the spring range is 8.3 feet. The estimate, approved in 1956, of Federal participation is $92,000. No maintenance by the United States is required under the law; such maintenance being the responsibility of the State of Connecticut or local authorities. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The latest published maps and plans are contained in the project document (H. Doc. 454, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. The State of Connecticut and local author- ities have furnished assurances that the required conditions of local cooperation will be met. These conditions require that the State of Connecticut or responsible local authorities (1) adopt the aforementioned plan of protection and improvement, (2) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers detailed plans and specifi- cations and arrangements for prosecuting work on the project prior to the commencement of such work; (3) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for accomplishment of the work; and (4) give satisfactory assurances that they will (a) maintain the protective and improvement meas- ures during the useful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (b) hold and save the United States free 88 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (c) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (d) maintain continued public ownership of the beach and its admin- istration for public use only. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions were completed by the State of Connecticut for separate con- tracts for construction of groins and for beachfill; and have been reviewed and approved as required. Federal costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $1,155, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering studies have been completed. Construction of the project has not been initiated by the State. Total Federal costs under the existing project from regular funds have been $1,155, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 S Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....... . ---------------- -------------------------------- $15,000 $15,000 Cost ----------- .--------------------------------- -------- 1,155 1,155 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $13, 845 ___ Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---7 ----------------- 13,845 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project --- - 77, 000 54. OTHER AUTHORIZED SHORE PROTECTION PROJECTS For last full Cost to Estimated amount Name of project report, see Annual 30 June 1956- required to Report for- Construction complete 1. Lynn-Nahant Beach, Mass ..--------------------- ..----------............------------ 1 $220,000 2. Napatree Beach, R.I----- . -------------------------------------....... ............... 2 50,000 3. Narragansett Pier, R.I ................-------------------........--------------------......... ---------------- .... 85000 4. Quincy Shore Beach, Mass----.....----------.........--------------------..............---- 5450,000 5. Revere Beach, Mass--------- --------------------------------- . --............... 430,000 6. Sand Hill Cove Beach, Point Judith, R.I .. _........-- .............- 4 90,000 7. Short Beach, Conn.. ------------------------------------ ..----------..............- 8. Silver Beach to Cedar Beach, Conn .-....------ ..------..------- ------- . 819,000 9. ----------.... Woodmont Shore, Conn ............------------------........ ----------------. ..---------- 965,000 1 Costs to local interests $440,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 2 Costs to local interests $100,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 3 Costs to local interests $312,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 4 Costs to local interests $274,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 5 Costs to local interests $900,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 6 Costs to local interests $860,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 7 Project completed at no cost to Federal Government by using fill from Federal navigation improve- ment of Housatonic River. 8 Costs to local interests $512,000 exclusive&of Federal participation. * Costs to local interests $220,000 exclusive of Federal participation. FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 89 55. MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N. H. AND MASS. The works covered by the comprehensive plan are located on the Merrimack River and its tributaries in New Hampshire and Massa- chusetts. The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, authorized the construction of a system of flood-control reservoirs in the Merri- mack River Basin for the reduction of flood heights in the Merri- mack Valley. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes as approved by the Chief of Engineers pursuant to pre- liminary examinations and surveys authorized by the Act of June 22, 1936, and modified the project to provide, in addition to the construction of a system of flood-control reservoirs, related flood- control works which may be found justified by the Chief of Engi- neers. The following reservoirs and related flood-control works were proposed for construction under the comprehensive plan: Reservoirs Distance Estimated Federal cost C above Name Nearest city mouth of Height Type Reservoir C) Merrimack capacity Land and O River Construction damages 1 Total Miles Feet Acre-feet O Franklin Falls 2 Franklin, N. H......... 118.2 140 Earthfill ....- 154,000 $ 6,169,500 $ 1,752,000 $ 7,921,500 Mountain Brook a _________ _ Keene, N. H.----.... 167.8 50 __. do __.... 5,300 695,000 79,000 774,000 Edward MacDowell - 2_____ ..... - -- -- do----...----------------- 161.3 67 __-__do _____ ... 12,800 1,702,000 306,000 2,008,000 Blackwater 2___ ___ _do.--------------------- 118.8 75 .....-- do ... 46,000 764,000 553,000 1,317,000 Hopkinton-Everett 4--.....do... ......------------------- ........ 87.3 115 ___...__do........ 157,000 22,445,000 11,655,000 34,100,000 1 Includes highway, railroad, and utility relocations. 2 For details see individual report. 3 A dam has been constructed at the site by private interest. Cost has not been revised on current prices basis. 4 Substituted for Bennington and Beards Brook. Distance and height are for Everett Dam. Distance and height for Hopkinton Dam are 118.0 miles and 75 ft. respectively. -4 C z 0LT zC/ Ici rJ 4- C' FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 91 Local protection projects Distance Estimated Federal cost above mouth Location of Merri- Type of structure Con- Land mack struc- and Total River tion damages 1 Miles Nashua, N. H.2------------- 55 Wall and levee----------............ $270,000 $3,000 $273,000 North Andover 4 and Lawrence, 27.3 ..... do ................. . 1,680,000 43,000 1,723,000 Mass. 8 --- ----- -- -- - -- -- Lowell, Mass. .39 -.. do-_----- _490,600 90,000 580,600 1 To be borne by local interests. 2Completed. For last full report, see Annual Report for 1950. $ Completed. For last full report, see Annual Report for 1945. 4 Cost last revised in 1954; inactive. All operations pertaining to flood control in the Merrimack River Basin are now carried on under and are reported under the projects for the individual units of the comprehensive plan referred to above. No further expenditures are contemplated under the general project for flood control in the Merrimack River Basin. For final cost and financial summary, see Annual Report for 1946. 56. FRANKLIN FALLS RESERVOIR, MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The dam is located on the Pemigewasset River in New Hampshire, the main tributary of the Merrimack River, and is about 21/ miles upstream of Franklin, N. H. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey maps for Penacook and Holderness, N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell. It has a top length of 1,740 feet, a top width of 25 feet, and a height of 140 feet above river bed. The spillway is located on rock in the right abutment and is a low, concrete weir with a crest length of 546 feet. The spillway approach and dis- charge channels are in earth and rock cut and are 1,785 and 900 feet in length, respectively. The outlet works are on the right bank of the river and consist of an intake channel 840 feet long, and two 22-foot horseshoe-shaped conduits each 542 feet long and each controlled by 4 broome gates operated through a control tower from a gatehouse above. The outlet works also have a still- ing basin and an outlet channel with a length of 2,350 feet. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 154,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 2.9 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 1,000 square miles. The cost of the completed project was $6,169,500 for construc- tion and $1,752,000 for lands and damages, a total of $7,921,500. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $30,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Merrimack River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. 92 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $28,088 for maintenance. Reservoir Operation: There was only minor regulation neces- sary at Franklin Falls Reservoir during the year, and the storage utilized was negligible. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $28,088, all maintenance funds. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in November 1939 and completed in October 1943. Total costs for the project from regular funds have been $8,205,798, of which $7,921,531 was for new work and $284,267 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated - ...... __ -- -__- -$11,448 -$256 -$14 $7,921,531 ..------------ Cost---------------- -$99 7,025- ............ .... ... ...... 7,921,531 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 23,950 29,300 28,300 23,600 $28,830 285,480 Cost---.------------ 22,798 27,677 30,569 23,252 28,088 284,267 57. EDWARD MacDOWELL RESERVOIR (FORMERLY WEST PETER- BOROUGH RESERVOIR), MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The dam is located on Nubanusit Brook, a tributary of the Contoocook River, and is one-half mile upstream from the village of West Peterborough, N. H., and 14 miles east of Keene, N. H. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Peterboro and Monad- nock, N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock blanket on the upstream face and a downstream rock toe. It has a top length of 1,030 feet, a top width of 25 feet, and a maximum height of 67 feet. The outlet works located in the west abutment of the dam consist of an intake structure, a 7-foot square conduit which is 275 feet in length and is controlled by three 3-foot by 7-foot slide gates mechanically operated through a control tower from a gatehouse above, and a stilling basin emptying into the pool of the Verney Mills Dam. The spillway is a low, concrete weir, 100 feet in length, with a 1,900-foot long approach channel, a 3,080- foot long discharge channel, and a 2,540-foot long protective dike to guide the spillway discharge. The spillway is located in a natural saddle on the north side of the reservoir approximately 3 miles from the dam site and discharges into Ferguson Brook which, in turn, discharges into the proposed Bennington Reservoir. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage PLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION capacity of 12,800 acre-feet which is equivalent to 5.5 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 44 square miles. The cost of new work for the completed project was $1,702,000 for construction and $306,000 for lands and damages, a total of $2,008,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $18,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Merrimack River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The name "Edward MacDowell Dam" was adopted by section 206 of the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment, and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $17,746 for maintenance. Reservoir operation: There were 3 periods of regulation dur- ing the year at Edward MacDowell Reservoir to reduce floodflows. In October 4,500 acre-feet of storage, or 35 percent of the reser- voir capacity was utilized. In January 7,400 acre-feet or 58 per- cent was utilized, and in May 5,200 acre-feet or 41 percent was utilized. The maximum regulated outflow was 550 c. f. s. in October and January, and 610 c. f. s. in May. The computed inflow was less than 1,000 c. f. s. during each period. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $17,746 for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction of the dam and appurtenant work was initiated in March 1948 and completed in March 1950. Total costs for the project have been $2,120,156 of which $2,007,821 was for new work and $112,335 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: -$27, 500 Appropriated .....------------------ -$25,479 -$8,200 ..- __.... .- $2,007,821 Cost ---------------- $6,589 377 47,584 8,058 ----------- 2,007,821 Maintenance: Appropriated ... _._._ 16,250 18,600 17,500 16, 000 $17,500 113,150 Cost -------------- 16,127 16,547 19,718 15,149 17,746 112,335 58. BLACKWATER RESERVOIR, MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The dam is located on the Blackwater River in New Hampshire, 8.2 miles above the confluence with the Contoocook River and 118.8 miles above the mouth of the Merrimack River. It is in the town of Webster, just above the village of Swetts Mills, 12.5 miles by highway northwest of Concord, N. H. (See U. S. 94 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Geological Survey maps for Penacook and Mount Kearsarge, N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock blanket on the upstream face and a downstream rock toe. It has a top length, including spillway, of 1,150 feet, a top width of 39 feet and a maximum height, above river bed, of 75 feet. There are also five earth dikes on the west side of the reser- voir having a respective length of 335, 170, 735, 175, and 240 feet and a respective maximum height of 29, 16, 40, 9, and 18 feet. The spillway is of the concrete, gravity type with a length of 240 feet and has a 160-foot long approach channel and a 400-foot long dis- charge channel. The outlet works are in the spillway and consist of three conduits, each controlled by a 3-foot 6-inch by 5-foot 3-inch slide gate hydraulically operated from a gallery within the spill- way. The dam and appurtenant work contain a 16-foot diameter penstock intake and have been constructed to provide for future raising and the inclusion of power at the site. The reservoir is operated for flood-control purposes and has a storage capacity of 46,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 6.7 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 128 square miles. The cost of the completed project was $764,000 for construction and $553,000 for lands and damages, a total of $1,317,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $7,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Merrimack River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment, and general maintenance of roads, buildings and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $6,173. Reservoir operation: The gates at Blackwater Reservoir were closed from April 30, to May 2, 1956, to reduce flows on the Con- toocook River. Maximum computed inflow for the period was 3,000 c. f. s., maximum outflow 2,140 c. f. s., and maximum storage utilized 8,750 acre-feet or 19 percent of the total reservoir capacity. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $6,173, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in May 1940, and completed in November 1944. Total costs from regular funds for the project have been $1,382,795, of which $1,316,864 was for new work and $65,931 for maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 95 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----....---------.-- -$3,916 -$135 -$3,271 $1,316,864 ...........------------ Cost ---------------- $911 ............---------------------............----------------..... 1,316,864 Maintenance: Appropriated 5,800 6,000 4,500 6,200 $5,960 65,960 Cost ---------------- 5,500 4,452 6,099 6,164 6,173 65,931 59. BLACKSTONE RIVER BASIN, MASS. AND R. I. Location. The works covered by this project consist of a dam and reservoir on the West River and local protection works at three cities on the Blackstone River. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the plan for a reservoir on the West River and local protection works at Worcester, Mass., and Woonsocket and Pawtucket, R. I., substantially in accordance with House Docu- ment No. 624, 78th Congress, 2d session. The following individual projects comprise the authorized plan. Reservoirs Distance Estimated Federal cost above ti Name Nearest city mouth of Height Type Reservoir Blackstone capacity Lands and 0 River Construction damages 1 Total R. B. 0 Miles Feet Acre-feet West Hill--. -___-___ ___ __ _ Worcester, Mass..-....... 25.8 43 Earthfill_..... 11,900 $2,112,000 $1,248,000 $3,360,000 1Includes highway, railroad, and utility relocations. C) O ITJ Z z Fn. I-L 0 C' FLOOD CONTROL---NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 97 Local protection projects Distance Estimated cost above mouth Location of Black- Type of structure Con- Lands stone struc- and Total R.B. tion damages 1 Miles Worcester, Mass.------------............ 48 Diversion tunnel and chan- $5,408,000 2$755,000 $6,163,000 nel. Woonsocket, R.I.'------------ 15 Channel improvement ..... 4,055,000 31,714,000 5,769,000 Pawtucket, R.I.4 ------ 2 Flood wall__ ._._._...... 202,000------ ------ 202,000 1 Includes relocations. 2 $262,000 Federal; $493,000 non-Federal. 8 $945,000 Federal; $769,000 non-Federal. 4 Inactive; cost last revised in 1954. 6 Details of these projects are given in individual reports. 60. WORCESTER DIVERSION, BLACKSTONE RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The project will extend from Leesville Pond, 1 mile southwest of Worcester, to a point on the Blackstone River, 1 mile southeast of the city, in the town of Auburn and Millbury, Wor- cester County, Mass. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Wor- cester South, Mass.) Existing project. The project provides for the construction of a control dam across Leesville Pond and an uncontrolled intake structure containing a diversion weir and transition. From the intake structure a 4,520 foot diversion tunnel of circular concrete, 16 feet in diameter will be constructed through Packachoag Hill. The tunnel will connect with a 10,300-foot open channel excavated in earth and rock which follows the general alignment of Hull Brook to the Blackstone River. Included in the project are con- struction of a railroad bridge, three highway bridges across the Worcester Diversion Channel, caring for a petroleum pipeline, a gas transmission pipeline, and an 8-inch water main which cross the channel alinement. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $5,408,000 for construction and $755,000 for bridge alterations, lands, and rights-of-Way. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, (PL 534, 78th Cong.). Local cooperation. Under the existing project local interests are required to (1) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements and rights-of-way; (2) hold and save the United States free from claims for damages due to the construction works; (3) maintain and operate all the works after completion in accord- ance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; (4) construct highway bridges, lower a petroleum pipeline and care for an 8-inch water main. Assurances of local cooperation have been executed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the city of Worcester and accepted on March 16, 1956. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering studies were performed in connection with preparation of design studies and plans and specifications. The costs from regular funds for new work were $44,883. 98 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and design was approximately 50 percent complete. No construction work has been initiated. Total costs from regular funds have been $114,620, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .---- -$263 .------------------------ ....--------- $60,000 $129,737 Cost ..-- ... .. ___- -___ _ . .- _ _ __----------44,883 114,620 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ______- $634 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 840, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__________________________________ 840, 634 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for ___- completion of existing project_____ ___________- 4, 700, 263 61. WOONSOCKET, BLACKSTONE RIVER BASIN, R. I. Location. The project is located in northeastern Rhode Island, on the Blackstone River, and extends from the South Main Street Bridge in the center of the city of Woonsocket, R. I., upstream for approximately 8,300 feet to the vicinity of the Massachusetts- Rhode Island State line. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Georgiaville, R. I. and Blackstone, Mass.-R. I.) Existing project. The project provides for the replacement of the existing Woonsocket Falls Dam with a new concrete overflow dam 266 feet long, to be constructed on rock. The dam will be equipped with four tainter gates 50 feet long by 10.1 feet high which will maintain the present pool level during low-river stages. The top of the gates will be 16 feet above the stream bed. The project also provides for the widening, deepening, and straighten- ing of the present river channel for a distance of 8,300 feet up- stream from the dam to the vicinity of the Massachusetts-Rhode Island State line. Included also, is a pumping station, approxi- mately 700 feet of rolled-earth dike with an average height of 9 feet above ground, and 610 feet of reinforced concrete floodwall, maximum height of 7 feet above ground all to be constructed along the left bank of the channel in the vicinity of the Singleton Street Bridge. Improvement of the channel requires the replacement of the Singleton Street Bridge, a railroad bridge, and modifications to a second railroad bridge. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $4,055,000 for con- struction and $1,714,000 for bridge alterations, lands, and rights- of-way. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 624, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Under the existing project local interests are required to: (1) furnish without cost to the United States all FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 99 lands, easements and rights-of-way; (2) hold and save the United States free from claims for damages due to the construction works; (3) maintain and operate the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; (4) replace a highway bridge and four sewer siphons. Assurances of local cooperation executed by the State of Rhode Island and the city of Woonsocket have been received. The city has contributed $20,000 for the installation of temporary pumping facilities for industrial water supply during the period between removal of the existing dam and construction of the new dam. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of engineering studies in connection with design memoranda and plans and specifications. Design memoranda for General Design, Hydrology and Hydraulic Analysis, Geology and Soils and Replace- ment of Woonsocket Falls Dam were completed and submitted for review and approval. Plans and specifications for razing the existing dam and excavating rock in the vicinity of the dam were completed and a contract was awarded. Costs from regular funds were $81,122, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year Advance engineering and design was approximately 50 percent complete. The initial contract is underway. Work remaining consists of completion of design and construction of dam, channel improvement, levee and floodwall, pumping station, and relocation of bridges. Total costs from regular funds have been $105,997, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated .......------...................... $25,000 $250,000 $275,000 Cost -------------------------- -------------------- 24, 875 81,122 105,997 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ________ $20, 442 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 1, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________________________________ 1, 020, 442 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________________________ 3, 725, 000 100 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 ____ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ __ _ Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --- -------.----------------------------------. $20,000 $20,000 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- ___- _ $749, 000 62. THAMES RIVER BASIN, CONN., R. I., AND MASS. Location. The works covered by this project are a series of dams and reservoirs on tributaries of the Thames River in Mas- sachusetts and Connecticut, within a radius of 45 miles from Nor- wich, Conn., and a channel enlargement on the Shetucket River where it discharges into the Thames River at Norwich. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, approved the plan for a system of reservoirs and channel im- provements in the Thames River Basin in accordance with House Document No. 885, 76th Congress, 3d session, and authorized $6 million for initiation and partial accomplishment of the project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the completion of the approved plan. The following individual projects comprise the approved plan: Reservoirs Distance Estimated Federal cost above Name Nearest city mouth of Height Type Reservoir Thames capacity Land and River Construction damages 1 Total 0 Miles Feet Acre-feet 0 Hodges Village 2._ .Webster, Mass............ 74.5 55 Earthfill _---- 13,000 $1,456,000 $3,844,000 $5,300,000 Buffumville 2-....-_______________do- .....-. . 74.7 66 ... do _ ... 12,700 2,178,000 722,000 2,900,000 East Brimfield 2---.. Southbridge, Mass... 82.8 55- . do .... 30,000 1,914,000 5,186,000 7,100,000 Westville______ ... ___.... .......... ----- do---.......-----...----------- 77.2 50 Concrete- 12,000 2,704,000 3,846,000 6,550,000 0 Mansfield Hollow 2. ...... Willimantic, Conn... ---. 40.0 gravity. 70 Earthfill . z 51,000 4,349,000 2,050,000 6,399,000 O H Andover 3__-__________. __._......_ Manchester, Conn......... 47.0 80 ..... do ....... 16,800 3,777,000 1,123,000 4,900,000 South Coventry 3----------------- Willimantic, Conn........ 41.6 94 ..... do ...... 36,900 4,434,000 5,666,000 10,100,000 1 Includes highway, railroad, and utility relocations. 2 For details, see individual report. 8Inactive; cost last revised 1954. z to z IN Cll 102 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local protection projects Distance Estimated cost above mouth Location of Type of structure Con- Land Thames struc- and Total River tion damages 1 Miles Norwich, Conn............-----------------. 15 Channel Improvement .. $1,340,000 $72,000 $1,412,000 1To be borne by local interests. All operations previously reported are now contained in indivi- dual reports and previous costs and expeditures have also been transferred to those projects. 63. HODGES VILLAGE RESERVOIR, THAMES RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The site of the proposed Hodges Village Dam is on the French River, 15.0 miles above its confluence with the Quinebaug River, at Hodges Village in the town of Oxford, Mass., about 5 miles north of Webster, Mass. (See U. S. Geological maps for Webster, Mass., and Conn., Leicester, Mass., Worcester South, Mass., and Oxford, Mass.) Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a rolled-earthfill dam 1,140 feet long, rising 55 feet above the stream bed, and with a concrete overflow section. The dam pro- vides a flood-control storage capacity of 13,000 acre-feet. The drainage area controlled is 30 square miles. The reservoir, at spillway crest elevation 501.0, will extend about 3 miles upstream and will lie entirely in the town of Oxford, Mass. Included in the project is the construction of three earth dikes which are necessary for closing saddles in the reservoir perimeter. The three dikes will have a total length of 1,800 feet and the maximum height will be 18 feet. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a co- ordinated system of reservoirs for the control of floods in the Thames River Basin. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $1,456,00 for con- struction and $3,844,000 for lands and damages including high- way, railroad, and utility relocation, a total of $5,300,000 for new work. The latest (1956) estimate for annual cost of opera- tion and maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was author- ized by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. (H. Doc. 885, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938 applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engi- neering studies and preparation of design memoranda were initi- ated during the year. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $42,705, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and design was approximately 30 per cent complete. No construction work has been initiated. Work remaining to be done prior to initiation FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 103 of construction is completion of design memoranda and plans and specifications. Total costs from regular funds have been $42,705, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1951 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--. .... ___.__- -------------... ......... $120,000 $120,000 Cost ---------- --------------------------------------------- 42,705 42,705 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $41,192 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 360, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 195 __ _ ____----------------___________ 401, 192 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ____ __ __ -------------- 4, 820, 000 64. BUFFUMVILLE RESERVOIR, THAMES RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The site of the proposed Buffumville Dam is on the Little River, 1.3 miles above its junction with the French River and 8 miles northeast of Southbridge, Mass. The reservoir will extend upstream approximately 1.7 miles northerly and 1.9 miles south- erly. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps-Webster, Mass., and Conn., and Leicester, Mass.) Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a rolled-earthfill dam 3,255 feet long, rising 66 feet above the stream bed, and providing a flood control storage capacity of 11,300 acre-feet and a permanent pool capacity of 1,400 acre-feet, a total of 12,700 acre-feet. A combined spillway and outlet founded on firm bedrock will be located in the right or south abut- ment. The spillway will be of the concrete overflow type, having a crest length of 220 feet and a peak discharge capacity of 29,800 cubic feet per second. The outlet will consist of three 3- by 41/2- foot conduits provided with sluice gates. The gates will be elec- trically operated from a control house on the right abutment. An earth dike 610 feet long will be constructed 2/4 miles from the spill- way. The drainage area controlled is 26.5 square miles. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated system of reservoirs for the control of floods in the Thames River Basin. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $2,178,000 for con- struction and $722,000 for lands and damages, including highway relocation, a total of $2,900,000 for new work. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 885, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. 104 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Supple- mental design memorandum and detailed plans and specifications were completed and approved. Costs from regular funds were $80,475. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and design has been completed. No construction work has been done. Total costs from regular funds for new work have been $220,097. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ....... -$54,362- ............ $25,000 $155,000 $294,638 Cost --------------------------------------------- 24,984 80,475 220,097 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ______ $57, 221 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 1,200, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _________________________________ 1,257,221 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _________________________ 1,405,362 65. EAST BRIMFIELD RESERVOIR, THAMES RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The site of the proposed East Brimfield Dam is on the Quinebaug River, 64.5 miles above its confluence with the She- tucket River and 1 mile southwest of the village of Fiskdale, Mass. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps-Wales, Mass. and Conn., Southbridge, Mass. and Conn., East Brookfield, Mass., and Warren, Mass.) Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a rolled-earthfill dam 510 feet long, rising 55 feet above the stream- bed and providing a flood control storage capacity of 28,800 acre- feet and a permanent storage capacity of 1,200 acre-feet, a total of 30,000 acre-feet. The spillway and outlet works will be located in the right, or south abutment. The spillway will be of the chute type with a crest length of 75 feet. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated system of reservoirs for the control of floods in the Thames River Basin. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $1,914,000 for con- struction and $5,186,000 for lands and damages including high- way relocations, a total of $7,100,000. The latest (1956) esti- mate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1941 (H. Doc. 885, 76th Cong., 3d sess.). Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering studies in connection with the preparation of design memoranda and plans and specifications were continued. Design memorandum on hydrology was completed and submitted for review and approval. FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 105 Costs from regular funds were $65,759 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and design was approximately 60 percent complete. No construction work has been initiated. Work remaining to be done prior to initiation of construction consists of completion of design memoranda, plans and specifications. Total costs from regular funds have been $135,701, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year eniing June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated ....... -$58 -------------------- ------------ $140,000 $209,942 Cost-------------------- ............ --- ------------ --------- 65,759 135,701 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $31, 333 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 840, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________________________________ 871, 333 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________________________ 6, 050, 058 66. MANSFIELD HOLLOW RESERVOIR, THAMES RIVER BASIN, CONN. Location. The dam is located at Mansfield Hollow, Conn., on the Natchaug River, 5.3 miles above its confluence with the Willi- mantic River. It is 4 miles northeast of the city of Willimantic, Conn. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Spring Hill and Willimantic, Conn.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock blanket on the upstream face. It has a top length, including spillway, of 12,422 feet, a top width of 15 feet, and a max- imum height of 70 feet. There are also five earth dikes north of the dam and one earth dike south of the dam having a respective length of 190, 830, 464, 257, 766, and 104 feet and a respective maximum height of 12, 55, 15, 11, 8 and 12 feet. The spillway is located in the river channel and is of the concrete, gravity type with a crest length of 690 feet. The outlet works are in the spillway and consist of five conduits, each controlled by a 5-foot 6-inch by 7-foot slide gate hydraulically operated from a gallery within the spillway. The reservoir is operated for flood-control purposes and has a storage capacity of 51,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 6.0 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 159 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $4,349,000 for con- struction and $2,050,000 for lands and damages, a total of $6,399,- 000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $23,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Thames River Basin which was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (H. Doc. 106 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 885, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Opera- tions consisted of additions and improvements to the drainage facilities, land acquisition, and final payment for road relocation. Costs from regular funds were $63,043. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment, and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $20,985. Reservoir operation: There were two periods of regulation at Mansfield Hollow Reservoir during the year. In August the gates were closed to reduce floodflows. The computed peak inflow was 16,000 c. f. s., maximum regulated outflow 3,100 c. f. s., and maxi- mum storage utilized 35,000 acre-feet equivalent to 67 percent of the total reservoir capacity. In October the gates were closed to reduce flows. The computed peak inflow was 6,000 c. f. s., the maximum regulated outflow 3,000 c. f. s., and the maximum storage utilized 17,500 acre-feet, equivalent to 34 percent of the total reservoir capacity. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $84,028. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam, ini- tiated in July 1949, was completed in May 1952. Work remaining consists of payment for right-of-way interest of utility company and disposition of land acquisition cases in condemnation. Total costs have been $6,406,960 of which $6,327,740 was for new work and $79,220 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated . $3,000,000 -$385,000 - $133,435 -$161, 000 -$2,824 $6,327,740 Cost----------..-- 1,132,651 992,384 125,122 26,348 63,043 6,327,740 Maintenance: Appropriated ....------..-... --- 23,000 18,000 18,000 20,640 79,640 Cost--.-.-..-----.----. ---. --. 21,641 18,348 18,246 20,985 79,220 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------------- $71,260 67. CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, VT., N. H., MASS., AND CONN. Location. The works covered by this project are a series of dams and reservoirs on tributaries of the Connecticut River in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts, within a radius of 230 miles from Hartford, Conn., and local protection works at several cities in the basin. Existing project. The Flood Control Act, approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the act approved May 25, 1937 (PL 111, 75th Cong.), authorized the construction of 10 reservoirs on tributaries of the Connecticut River in accordance with plans in House Docu- FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 107 ment No. 412, 74th Congress, 2d session, as the same may be re- vised upon further investigation of the 1936 flood. The Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, approved a general comprehensive plan for the control of floods and other pur- poses in the Connecticut River Valley, as set forth in House Docu- ment No. 455, 75th Congress, 2d session, and authorized the sum of $11,524,000 for construction of local flood-protection projects in the plan. The act of Otcober 15, 1940, modified the act of June 28, 1938, to provide additional protection at East Hartford, Conn., as set forth in House Document No. 653, 76th Congress, 3d session. The act of August 18, 1941, modified the comprehensive plan ap- proved in 1938 to include the improvements recommended in House Document No. 653, 76th Congress, 3d session, and House Docu- ment No. 724, 76th Congress, 3d session, with such further modifi- cations as may be found justifiable in the discretion of the Secre- tary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers. The latter act also authorized to be appropriated the additional sums of $6 million for local protection works and $10 million for reservoirs. The act of October 26, 1942 (PL 759, 77th Cong., 2d sess.), further modi- fied the plan by including the construction of Gully Brook conduit at Hartford, Conn. The Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, authorized the expenditure of $30 million in addition to the previous author- ization for the comprehensive plan approved in 1938 and modified the plan by (1) directing specific consideration of an alternative plan of the Vermont State Water Conservation Board instead of the Williamsville Reservoir in the West River Basin, Vt., (2) direct- ing consultation with the affected States during the course of in- vestigations and transmission of the proposal and plans to each affected State for written views and recommendations for reservoir projects heretofore authorized for construction at Cambridgeport, Ludlow, South Tunbridge, and Gaysville, and resubmission of the projects or modifications thereof to the Congress, and (3) rescinded the authorization for construction at the Sugar Hill site. The Flood Control Act of 1950 (PL 516, 81st Cong., 2d sess.), modified the project for flood control at Hartford, Conn., author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, as amended, to include Folly Brook dike and conduit. The Flood Control Act of 1954 (PL 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) modified the plan for flood control in the Connecticut River Basin to provide for the construction of a reservoir on Otter Brook at South Keene, N. H., in lieu of any reservoir or reservoirs hereto- fore authorized. This act further modified the plan for the West River Basin of the Connecticut River in Vermont to consist of 3 reservoirs at the Ball Mountain, The Island, and Townshend sites, in lieu of the plan of 8 reservoirs authorized in the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. Following are lists of the reservoirs and local protection works which were proposed for construction in the modified compre- hensive plan: Dams and Reservoirs 0 00 Distance Estimated Federal cost above Name Nearest city mouth of Height Type Reservoir Connecticut capacity Land and M River Construction damages 1 Total 0 Vermont: Miles Feet Acre-feet H Victory------------------------ St. Johnsbury------------- 306.0 85 Earthfill .... 106,400 $ 2,847,000 $ 1,253,000 $ 4,100,000 0 Union Village 2-- -.....------ White River Junction....- 228.4 170 .... do ------ 38,000 3,098,000 892,000 3,990,000 Gaysville -------------------- Rutland_ ---------------- 246,8 192 Concrete ....---- 124,150 10,220,000 8,680,000 18,900,000 S. Tunbridge2 4----------------- Barre ----- ---------------- 234.5 105 Earthfill ...----- 32,600 3,138,000 2,302,000 5,440,000 H N. Hartland Ludlow 4 -- --- ------- White River- Rutland ------------------ ------- 211.7 176 -..... do --- 71,100 10,010,000 1,790,000 11,800,000 211.8 118 ... do--------... 23,900 2,532,000 3,158,000 5,690,000 N. Springfield 2 ----- Springfield----------------- 191.3 106 -_ -,do----.. 50,600 8,752,000 2,048,000 10,800,000 Brockway 4 - ----- Bellows Falls------------- 182,0 122- .do-------- 37,700 4,801,000 5,899,000 10,700,000 Cambridgeport do-- ----------------- .------------------ 180.3 101 ..... do ..-------.. 21,600 4,078,000 1,092,000 5,170,000 -i The Island-------------------Rutland------------------ Ball Mountain 2 -_----- Brattleboro_- ------ ---- 189.6 178.2 100 ..... do 255 Rockfill .-- 19,400 54,600 3,465,000 16,192,000 1,065,000 408,000 4,530,000 16,600,000 M 2- - - - - - - - - - -- - - -- -- - earth. Townshend .. do- --------------- 168.3 130 Earthfill ..----- 33,000 9,731,000 1,669,000 11,400,000 ' New Hampshire: Sugar Hill 3- ------------------ Woodsville__------------- 280.9 163 ...-----do----... 91,600 3,500,000 3,385,000 6,885,000 West Canaan 4----------------- Franklin----------------- 233.8 80 ----- do-------- . 51,000 3,471,000 5,589,000 9,060,000 Claremont 5 ------------------- Surry Mountain -2----_ Claremont- -_---- --------------------- ---.--- 202,4 128 ----- do.------- 78,300 8,162,000 4,838,000 13,000,000 z - - - - - - - - _- - - - _- - - -Keene - - 174,4 86- .... do-------- 32,500 1,407,200 324,100 1,731,300 Otter Brook 2 do--------------------- 171.2 130 ..... do ..-------- 17,500 4,075,200 924,800 5,000,000 Honey Hill 4_ -- -- . -- .... do -------------------- 168.9 65 .-... do-------... 26,200 2,662,000 1,398,000 4,060,000 Massachusetts: -4 Birch Hill 2- . - _ -_.. Gardner---_.- ------ -- - 153.3 56 Earthfll .. 49,900 1,090,100 3,075,300 4,165,400 a Tully 2 thol-------------------- A------------------- 148.7 62 -.. --do . 22,000 1,180,000 368,000 1,548,000 Barre Falls 2......- -- Worcester--- -------------- 130.2 62 Rockfill 24,300 2,095,300 104,700 2,200,000 earth. West Brookfield 4_----- do _----- -------- 100.5 30 Earthfill------. 33,000 3,422,000 5,568,000 8,990,000 Knightville 2---------------------- Northampton-------------. 102,8 160 .....----do-------... 49,000 2,395,200 821,300 3,216,500 1 Includes highway, railroad and utility relocations. 2 For details see individual report. 3 Alternate site to be selected. Cost has not been revised on current price basis. 4 Inactive; cost last revised in 1954. 5 To be restudied; cost last revised in 1954. FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 109 Local protection projects Distance Estimated cost above mouth Location of Con- Type of structure Con- Land necticut struc- and Total River tion damages 2 Miles Northampton, Mass......---------. 94 Wall and levee----------- $960,000 $150,000 $1,110,000 Holyoke, Mass------------- ..............-- 85 ..... do --- -_ _3,418,000 150,000 3,568,000 Springdale, Mass_ -.-- -84 ....- ------------------ do 700,000 57,000 757,000 Chicopee, Mass__-------------- 80 ....-do ----------------- ..... 1,738,000 250,000 1,988,000 Riverdale, Mass-------------- 80 -..... ----------------- do__ 1,138,000 50,000 1,188,000 West Springfield, Mass_ ... 76 .....-do----------------- 1,579,000 30,000 1,609,000 Springfield, Mass............. 1 - - - - - - - 76 .....do ..... -932,000 272,000 1,204,000 Hartford, Conn. _ __ 52 ... do-_ _------.-- 6,828,000 911,000 7,739,000 East Hartford, Conn_____..... 52 ...do_ .- 2,135,500 270,000 2,405,500 Winsted, Conn_--------------- 115 Channel improvement ___. 172,000 30,000 202,000 1 Details of these projects are given in individual reports. 2 To be borne by local interests. 68. UNION VILLAGE RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, VT. Location. The dam is located on the Ompompanoosuc River, four miles above its junction with the Connecticut River. It is 1/4 mile north of Union Village, Vt., and 11 mile's north of White River Junction, Vt. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Strafford, Vt., and Mt. Cube, N. H.- Vt.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell. It has a top length of 1,100 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a maximum height of 170 feet. The spillway is ap- proximately 350 feet from the right end of the dam and is of the chute type with a low, curved, 400-foot long, concrete weir. The approach channel and discharge chute are 1,000 and 1,130 feet long, respectively. The outlet works are in the left abutment and consist of a 1,236-foot long, 13-foot diameter tunnel through rock. Control of the outlet works is accomplished by two 7-foot 6-inch by 12-foot broome gates mechanically operated through a shaft from a gatehouse above. The reservoir is operated for flood con- trol purposes and has a storage capacity of 38,000 acre-feet, which is equivalent to 5.7 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 126 square miles. The cost for new work for the completed project was $3,098,000 for construction and $892,000 for lands and damages, a total of $3,990,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $19,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationand results during fiscal year. New work: Cost from regular funds incurred during the fiscal year amounted to $601 in payment for relocation of telephone lines. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates 110 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, build- ings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $18,485. Reservoir operation: There was only minor regulation neces- sary at Union Village Reservoir during the year, and the storage utlized was negligible. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $19,086, of which $601 was for new work and $18,485 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction of the dam was initiated in March 1947 and completed in June 1950. Total costs from regular funds were $4,088,623, of which $3,989,816 was for new work and $98,807 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ._._._._ $50,000 ------------ $22,000 -$3,110 -$13,074 $3,989,816 Cost- - - - 17,096 $10,924 77,819 5,061 601 3,989,816 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 12,400 13,500 13,300 15,000 17,720 99,120 Cost ................ 12,400 13,497 13,086 14,979 18,485 98,807 69. NORTH HARTLAND RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, VT. Location. The site of the proposed North Hartland Dam is on the Ottauquechee River, 1.5 miles above its junction with the Con- necticut River. The dam site is located 1 mile northwest of North Hartland, Vt. The reservoir will extend upstream 5.5 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Hanover, N. H.-Vt.) Existing project. The project provides for the construction of a rolled-earthfill dam, 1,730 feet long, rising 176 feet above the streambed, and providing a total storage capacity of 71,100 acre- feet. A side-channel spillway with a concrete weir 650 feet long will be provided on the left bank. The outlet will consist of a 14-foot diameter tunnel cut through rock and located in the left bank, a concrete intake and gate operating tower, and mechanically operated control gates. An outlet channel will return the dis- charge to the main stream below the dam. An earth dike 1,970 feet long with a maximum height of 44 feet is necessary across a saddle south of the main dam. The drainage area controlled is 220 square miles or practically all of the drainage area of the Ottauquechee River. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated system of reservoirs for the control of floods in the Connecticut River Basin. The estimated cost, revised in 1956, is $10,010,000 for construc- tion and $1,790,000 for lands and damages including highway and utility relocations, a total of $11,800,000 for new work. The esti- mated cost (1956) for annual maintenance (operation and care) is $20,800. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 111 June 28, 1938, as modified by the Flood Control Acts of August 18, 1941. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of engineering studies in connection with design memoranda and plans and specifications. Costs from regular funds were $49,689, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and design is approximately 30 percent complete. No construction work has been initiated. Total costs from regular funds were $78,650, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------- -$39 ------------ _$140,000 $168,961 Cost --------- ------------ --------------------------------- 49,689 78,650 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - -... $61, 326 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _------------------------------------------------ 300,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------------- 361,326 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -- -------- 11, 331,039 70. NORTH SPRINGFIELD RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER, BASIN, VT. Location. The site of the proposed North Springfield Dam is located in the town of Springfield, Vt. It is on the Black River, 8.2 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River, and 3 miles northwest of Springfield, Vt. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps -Ludlow, Vt. and Claremont, N.H.) Existing project. The project provides for the construction of a rolled-earthfill dam, 2,000 feet long with a maximum height of 111.5 feet above the riverbed. The location of the concrete spill- way is being restudied with the purpose of reducing relocation of a new residential development. Three dikes will be built having an aggregate length of 1,800 feet necessary for closing saddles in the reservoir perimeter. The reservoir would have a flood-control storage capacity of approximately 50,600 acre-feet. The drainage area controlled is 158 square miles, or 77 percent of the total drainage area of the Black River. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated system of reservoirs for the control of floods in the Connecticut River Basin. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $8,752,000 for con- struction and $2,048,000 for lands and damages, including high- way, cemetery and utility relocation, a total of $10,800,000 for new work. The latest (1956) estimate for annual cost of operation and 112 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 maintenance is $21,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938 as modified by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of engineering studies in connection with design memoranda and plans and specifications. Costs from regular funds were $37,385, for new work. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and de- sign is approximately 35 percent complete. No construction work has been initiated. Total costs from regular funds have been $46,389, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 P 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .......---------.-----------------------.----- $140,000 $149,005 Cost --------------- ---------------------------------............------ 37,385 46,389 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----- $37, 612 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___-__ 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-- 537, 612 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - - - 10, 150, 995 71. BALL MOUNTAIN RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, VT. Location. The site of the proposed dam is on the West River, 29.0 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River at Brattleboro, Vt. It is 2 miles north of the village of Jamaica, Vt. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Londonderry, Vt.) Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a rolled-fill rock and earth dam, 830 feet long at its crest, rising 255 feet above the riverbed. A chute spillway with a concrete weir 225 feet long will be provided in the right abut- ment. A reinforced concrete-lined tunnel under the dam will be constructed as an outlet works and will be controlled by hydraulically operated gates from a gate tower at the intake end. The reservoir will be operated for flood-control purposes and will have a storage capacity of 54,600 acre-feet which is equivalent to 6 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 172 square miles. The latest approved estimate (1955) for new work is $16,192,000 for construction and $408,000 for lands and damages, a total of $16,600,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin and was FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 113 authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (PL 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions for the access road were completed, a continuing contract awarded, and construction of the access road initiated. En- gineering studies and investigations were initiated for the prepa- ration of supplemental general design memoranda for an earth and rockfill dam in lieu of a concrete arch dam. Costs from regular funds were $160,908 fUrTew work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the access road was initiated April 19, 1956 and was 30 percent complete. Engineering studies and investigations for the preparation of supplemental design memoranda were 20 percent completed. Total costs from regular funds have been $633,059, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 4 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated - -___ -$48,000 ....-------- _-_--_. - $318,000 $790,151 Cost -------- 14,121 $8,345 --- $18,983- _-----. 160,908 633,059 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ _ $131, 727 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___-_______________ 2,300,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-__________ 2, 431, 727 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __ __ _ ______ 13, 509, 849 72. TOWNSHEND RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, VT. Location. The site of the proposed Townshend Dam is on the West River, 19.1 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River at Brattleboro, Vt., and approximately 2 miles west of Townshend, Vt. The reservoir will extend upstream approxi- mately 4 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps-Saxtons River, Vt. and Londonderry, Vt.) Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a rolled-earthfill dam, 1,530 feet long at its crest, rising 130 feet above the streambed, and providing a total storage capacity of 33,000 acre-feet. A side-channel spillway with a concrete weir 447 feet long, having a discharge capacity of 212,325 cubic feet per second, will be provided in the left abutment. A reinforced concrete conduit under the dam and on rock will be constructed as an outlet works and will be controlled by mechanically- operated gates from a gate tower at the intake end. The drain- age area controlled is 278 square miles gross and 106 square 114 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 miles net. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordi- nated reservoir system for control of floods in the Connecticut River Basin. The estimated cost in 1956, is $9,731,000 for construction and $1,669,000 for lands and damages including highway relocations and utilities, a total of $11,400,000 for new work. The latest (1956) estimated cost for annual operation and maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (PL 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations con- sisted of engineering studies and preparation of design memo- randa and plans and specifications. Costs from regular funds were $59,618 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and de- sign was approximately 42 percent complete. No construction work has been initiated. Total costs from regular funds have been $130,124, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....... -- $2,495 ...................--------------------------------........... $140,000 $210,505 Cost-------------------- ----------------------------------- ............ 59,618 130,124 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ $30, 389 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _________________- ____-________- 620, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-- 650, 389 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - - 10, 569, 495 73. SURRY MOUNTAIN RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The dam is located on the Ashuelot River, 34.6 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River and 5 miles north of Keene, N. H. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Keene and Bellows Falls, N. H.-Vt.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell and a downstream rock toe. It has a top length of 1,670 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a height of 86 feet above river bed. The spillway is located at the right end of the dam and is of the open side channel type with a low concrete weir 338 feet in length. The spillway discharge channel is in rock cut and is 2,000 feet in length. The outlet works, in the right abutment, consist of a 748-foot long intake channel and FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 115 a 10-foot diameter, horseshoe-shaped tunnel through rock. The tunnel is 383 feet in length and discharges into the spillway channel. Control of the outlet works is accomplished by two 4-foot 6-inch by 10-foot broome gates mechanically operated through a shaft from a gatehouse above. The reservoir is operated for flood-control purposes and has a storage capacity of 32,500 acre-feet which is equivalent to 6.1 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 100 square miles. The cost of new work for the completed project was $1,407,200 for construction and $324,100 for lands and damages, a total of $1,731,300. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $18,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess,) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operation and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $15,281. Reservoir operation: Surry Mountain Reservoir was regulated six times to reduce flood flows on the Ashuelot River. The following is a summary of regulation for the year: Minimum Maximum Computed regulated regulated Storage Percent Date peak in- outflow, outflow, utilized total flow, c.f.s. c.f.s. c.f.s. acre-feet capacity August ------------------------------ 1,600 0 700 1,800 6 October--_---- ----------------------- 1,400 0 900 5,800 18 November-_ _---------------------------- 1,000 0 800 2,500 8 January ------------------------------ 1,400 0 850 7,600 23 April------- ------------------------- 1,900 0 950 8,900 27 April and May ...--------.........---------------- 3,400 0 1,000 20,100 62 Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $15,281, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in August 1939, and completed in June 1942. Total costs for the project have been $1,961,542, of which $1,731,319 was for new work and $230,223 was for maintenance. 116 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------...... -$2,681 ..........-----------. .........--------- ......... ........... $1,731,319 Cost ---------------- $46 ----------------------------- $148 1,731,319 Maintenance: Appropriated 17,800 16,000 $17,700 $14,000 $14,840 231,140 Cost ---------------- 16,858 17,072 17,520 13,538 15,281 230,223 74. OTTER BROOK RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The site of the proposed Otter Brook Dam is on Otter Brook, 2.4 miles upstream from its junction with The Branch, which flows 2.5 miles to the Ashuelot River at Keene. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps-Keene, N. H.-Vt., and Monadnock, N. H.) Existing project. The project provides for the construction of a 1,288-foot long rolled-earthfill dam with a maximum height of 133 feet and a reservoir with a flood-control storage capacity of 17,600 acre-feet. The drainage area controlled is 47 square miles. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated system of reservoirs for the control of floods in the Connecticut River Basin. The approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $4,075,200 for construction and $924,800 for lands and damages, including highway relocation, a total of $5,000,000 for new work. The latest (1956) estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, (Public Law 780, 83d Congress, 2d session.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Plans and specifications for construction of the dam have been com- pleted and submitted for review and approval. Bids were re- ceived, a lump sum contract was awarded, and work was initiated on road relocations. Costs from regular funds were $134,097, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work on road relocations was initiated on May 28, 1956. Remaining work consists of land acquisition, receiving bids, awarding multi-component contract for dam and appurtenant works and construction of same. Total costs from regular funds have been $233,424, all for new work. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 117 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ....... Appropriated --------------------- ------ $100,000 $285,000 $385,000 Cost-----.------- _.----------------.----------99,327 134,097 233,424 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ._._.. $28, 448 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __ __ - ______-_____ ____ __ 1,225,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________---------------- 1,253,448 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ___ _ __-__----------- 3, 390, 000 75. BIRCH HILL RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The dam is located on the Millers River, 27.3 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River. It is 1.3 miles east of South Royalston, Mass., and 71/2 miles northwest of the city of Gardner, Mass. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Royalston and Winchendon, Mass.-N. H., and Templeton, Mass.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell. It has a top length of 1,400 feet, a top width of 25 feet, and a height of 56 feet above river bed. The spillway consists of three concrete weirs located in two natural saddles and an abandoned railroad cut northwest of the dam. The main weirs have a crest length of 720 feet and 350 feet, respectively, and the weir in the railroad cut has a crest length of 23 feet. The outlet works are located on rock at the right end of the dam and consist of an intake channel 1,500 feet in length, a gate structure with a gatehouse directly above, and an outlet channel 1,150 feet in length. Control of the outlet works is accomplished by four 6-foot by 12-foot roller gates mechanically operated from the gatehouse above. The reservoir is operated for flood-control purposes and has a storage capacity of 49,900 acre-feet which is equivalent to 5.3 inces of runoff from its drainage area of 175 square miles. The cost of new work for the completed project was $1,090,100 for construction and $3,075,300 for lands and damages, a total of $4,165,400. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $16,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in Connecticut River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Con- struction of safety features was complete. Costs from regular funds were $3,577. 118 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment, and general maintenance of road, buildings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $15,036. Reservoir operation: There were five periods of regulation at Birch Hill Reservoir during the year to reduce flows on the Millers River. The following is a summary of regulation for the year. Minimum Maximum Computed regulated regulated Storage Percent Date peak in. outflow, outflow, utilized total flow, c.f.s. c.f.s. c.f.s. acre-feet capacity August- _-------------------------------1,400 0 850 5,000 10 October_- _--------_--------------------2,600 0 2,000 11,800 24 January_-_ _------------------ 2,600 0 1,500 8,000 16 April ........ _ 2,600 1,300 1,920 5,600 11 April and May_ _-- .-...-.---------. -3,500 300 2,080 9,300 19 Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $18,613. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in June 1940 and completed in February 1942. Total costs for the project have been $4,393,561, of which $4,165,209 was for new work and $228,352 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --------.... _..... - $14,000 ----------- -$70,122 -- $1,618 $4,165,209 Cost ...------------- $446 4,223 $16,142 54 3,578 4,165,209 Maintenance: Appropriated .--.... 13,900 13,800 15,500 14,000 14,980 228,930 Cost-------.-------- 13,612 12,601 16,947 13,415 15,036 228,352 76. TULLY RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The dam is located on the Tully River, 3.9 miles above its junction with the Millers River. It is 1 mile north of Fryville, Mass., and 31/2 miles north of Athol, Mass. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Royalston, Mass.-N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell. It has a top length of 1,570 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a height of 62 feet above river bed. The spillway is constructed on rock in a saddle located about 800 feet from the left end of the dam and is a low, concrete weir, 255 feet in length. The spillway approach channel is 600 feet in length and the discharge channel is of the chute type with a length of 1,775 feet. The outlet works, in the left abutment, consist of a 6-foot diam- eter tunnel through rock. The tunnel is 274 feet in length and is controlled by two 3-foot 6-inch by 6-foot slide gates mechani- cally ojerated through a shaft from a gatehouse above. The FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 119 outlet works intake and outlet channels are 500 and 580 feet long, respectively. The project was constructed with provisions for future raising for the inclusion of power at the site. The reser- voir is now operated for flood-control purposes and has a storage capacity of 22,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 8.3 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 50 square miles. The cost of the completed project was $1,180,000 for construc- tion and $368,000 for lands and damages, a total of $1,548,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $15,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $14,020. Reservoir operation: The only significant regulation at Tully Reservoir during the year was during April and May when melting snow caused a rise in the Tully River stage. Reservoir flow was restricted to 200 c. f. s., maximum outflow 620 c. f. s., and the maximum storage utilized 6,350 acre-feet, or 29 percent of the total reservoir capacity. Total costs for the fiscal year from regular funds were $14,020, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction of the dam was initiated in March 1947, and completed in September 1949. Total costs for the project have been $1,639,466, of which $1,547,918 was for new work and $91,548 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------- ----------------- -- --$83 -$14,999 .-----.---.- $1,547,918 Cost------------- - $2,625 $1,020 991 8,236 ............ 1,547,918 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 12,600 13,800 14,000 13,000 $12,500 91,900 Cost------. -------- 12,508 12,131 15,674 11,697 14,020 91,548 77. BARRE FALLS RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The site of the Barre Falls Dam is on the Ware River in the town of Barre, Mass., 31.9 miles above the confluence of the Ware River and the Swift River. It is 13 miles northwest of Worcester, Mass. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps-Barre, Mass., and Wachusett Mtn., Mass.) 120 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. The project provides for the construction of a rock and earthfill dam, 885 feet in length with a maximum height of 62 feet above the streambed. The spillway will be of the concrete chute-type with a crest length of 60 feet located in the right abutment of the dam. Outlet works, including a rein- forced concrete conduit and gate structure, will be founded on bedrock under the left abutment. Included in the project are three dikes with a total length of 3,215 feet and a maximum height of 48 feet located in saddles in the rim of the reservoir. Flood control storage capacity of the reservoir will be 24,300 acre-feet. The drainage area controlled is 57 square miles. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated system of reservoirs for the control of floods in the Connecticut River Basin. The estimated cost of new work (1956) is $2,095,300 for con- struction and $104,700 for lands and damages, including highway relocation, a total of $2,200,000 for new work. The latest (1956) estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (H. Doc. 724, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Prepa- ration of plans and specifications for construction of the dam was completed. Bids were received, a continuing contract was awarded, and work was initiated. Costs from regular funds were $110,889 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated May 22, 1956, under a continu- ing contract. Remaining work consists of relocation of a section of road and reservoir clearing. With the exception of a number of small parcels in the reservoir area involving a total of 22 acres, all lands are owned by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and will be made available for a nominal amount. Total costs from regular funds for new work were $327,861. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .......-- $17,571............ ------------------------------- $317,000 $533,972 Cost ------ ----------------------------------------------- 110,889 327,861 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $16, 672 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1,150,000 1957---------------------------------------------1,150,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_------------------ -- 1,166,,672 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________---------------516, 028 FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 121 78. KNIGHTVILLE RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The dam is located on the Westfield River, 27.5 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River. It is 4 miles north of the town of Huntington, Mass., and approximately 12 miles west of the city of Northampton, Mass. (See U. S. Geolo- gical Survey map for Westhampton, Mass.) Existing project. The dam is of the hydraulic earthfill type with a dumped rock shell and a downstream rock toe. It has a top length of 1,200 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a height of 160 feet above river bed. The spillway is a curved, concrete weir, 410 feet long, located on rock in a saddle at the right end of the dam. The outlet works are in the right abutment and con- sist of an intake channel 280 feet in length and a 16-foot diameter tunnel through rock. The tunnel is 605 feet long and is con- trolled by three 3-foot 6-inch by 12-foot broome gates mechani- cally operated through a control tower from a gatehouse above. Provision has been made for future installation of a penstock for the development of power at the site in accordance with a request by the Federal Power Commission. The reservoir is now operated for flood-control purposes and has a storage capacity of 49,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 5.6 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 164 square miles. The cost of the completed project was $2,395,200 for construc- tion and $821,300 for lands and damages, a total of $3,216,500. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $18,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operation and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $23,761 for maintenance. Reservoir operation: Knightville Reservoir was regulated six times to reduce floodflows on the Westfield River. The following is a summary of regulation for the year: Minimum Maximum Computed regulated regulated Storage Percent Date peak in- outflow, outflow, utilized total flow, c.f.s. c.f.s. c.f.s. acre-feet capacity August.------------ ------------------ 4,500 0 1,900 16,000 33 August-- ------------------------------ ......... 16,000 0 3,600 28,200 57 October -------- ---------------------- 20,000 0 3,500 47,000 96 November.---------------------------- 6,500 0 3,300 13,600 28 April ------------------------------- 4,800 0 2,800 5,800 12 April and May ------------------------- 5,000 0 4,400 15,700 32 122 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $23,761, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction of the dam was initiated in August 1939 and completed in December 1941. Total costs for the project have been $3,444,167, of which $3,216,337 was for new work and $227,830 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --------------------------------------- $9,500 -$163 $3,216,337 Cost ----------- - $1,365 $7,069 $7,613 18,902 ---------- 3,216,337 Maintenance: Appropriated 16,300 16,000 18, 700 17,000 16,820 228,570 Cost ----------.---.. 16,901 15,113 19,855 9,834 23,761 227,830 79. HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, CONN. Location. Hartford, Conn., is located in Hartford County on the west bank of the Connecticut River, 52 miles above the mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system of levees and floodwalls approximately 38,000 feet long, along the Connecticut River from high ground immediately north of town to high ground immediately south of town, with the Park River, which discharges into the Connecticut River at about the center of town, confined between concrete walls discharging through a short conduit section through the Con- necticut River dike, including pumping stations for the disposal of interior drainage. The improvements as planned involved the construction of approximately 4,000 linear feet of concrete flood- wall, 22,000 feet of earth dike, and an enlargement of 12,000 feet of existing dike along the Connecticut River, the construction of 5,600 linear feet of concrete conduit on the Park River, con- struction of 2,400 feet of conduit on Gully Brook, construction of 1,900 feet of conduit on Folly Brook, construction of 5 stop-log structures, 3 pumping stations, and other appurtenant drainage structures and facilities. The project grade for levees and walls was designed to protect against a flood greater than any of record, as modified by an approved plan of reservoirs for flood control in the Connecticut River Basin. The grades at all points were above the maximum stage of the record flood, that of March 1936. At the request of the city of Hartford, the wall and dike grades were increased 5 to 6 feet, the crown width for levees in- creased from 10 to 15 feet, a conduit provided for the Park River in lieu of the open channel improvement; special equipment pro- vided for the Keney Lane and Bushnell Park pumping stations, and a superstructure of special architectural treatment provided for the Bushnell Park pumping station. Additional expense of FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 123 approximately $2,528,000 involved in these changes was borne by the city of Hartford. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.), and modified by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 653, 76th Cong., 3d sess.), the act of October 26, 1942 (PL 759, 77th Cong., 2d sess.), and the act of 1950 (PL 516, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $6,828,000 for construction and $911,000 for lands and damages, exclusive of the cost of the additional work desired by the city. In addition to the authorized existing project, supplementary work with relief labor has been undertaken at a cost of $388,222, pursuant to the provisions of the Emergency Relief Act, approved June 21, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. In addition, $2,774,130 has been contributed by the city to cover the increased cost of constructing the dikes to a higher grade, constructing a conduit instead of walls for the Park River, including special features in the Keney Lane and Bushnell Park pumping stations, and for a portion of the cost of constructing Folly Brook conduit. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of plans and specifications for construction of the Folly Brook dike and conduit was completed. Bids were received, a contract was awarded, and construction initiated. Costs from regular funds were $51,443, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the authorized project was initiated in December 1938 and is substantially com- pleted. Work on the Folly Brook dike and conduit was initiated on February 15 and is approximately 21 percent completed. Remaining work consists of completion of the conduit. The costs have been $835,000 from Public Works Administration funds, $5,698,665 from regular funds and $2,556,407 from con- tributed funds, a total of $9,090,072 for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------- ----- $6,910---.-.$11,632 $343,867 1 $6,827, 589 Cost . .. .. . ..------------ _--$ , -- $14,868 25,000 51,443 16,533,665 1Includes $835,000 PWA Funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- - $15, 374 - Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ __________----------------- 15, 374 124 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .....------------------------- ------------ -$6,000 $8,500 $2,774,130 Cost ----------------------------------- $14, 868 ------------ 13,925 2,556,407 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ $33, 808 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ____ ____________-_---___ 33,808 80. THOMASTON RESERVOIR, HOUSATONIC RIVER BASIN, CONN. Location. The site of the proposed Thomaston Reservoir is on the Naugatuck River about 30 miles above its junction with the Housatonic River and about 1 mile north of Thomaston, Conn. The reservoir will extend upstream approximately 6.4 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Thomaston, Conn.) Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a rolled-earthfill and rock dam 1,800 feet long at the crestline, rising 139 feet above the streambed and providing a storage capacity of 41,500 acre-feet. The spillway will consist of an open-side channel constructed in rock and a low concrete weir. The outlet will consist of a concrete conduit. Control will be accomplished by gates mechanically operated through a shaft from a house above. The drainage area controlled is 97 square miles. The reservoir will be operated for the flood protection of Waterbury and the other communities downstream on the Nauga- tuck River. The estimated cost, revised in 1956, is $5,334,000 for construc- tion and $11,866,000 for lands and damages, including highway, railroad, and utility relocations; a total of $17,200,000 for new work. The latest (1956) estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 338, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations con- sisted of engineering studies, in connection with preparation of design memoranda and plans and specifications. Costs from regular funds were $105,585. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and de- sign was approximately 50 percent complete. No construction work has been initiated. Total costs from regular funds for new work have been $130,627. FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 125 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------- -$44,957 $160,000 .................................------.------------------------ $185,042 Cost ----------------- 119 -105,585 130,627 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _- $26, 301 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---------------------- 980, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------ Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for 006, 301 1, completion of existing project 6, 034, 958 1---------- 81. FLOODWALL REHABILITATION Estimated amount Name of project Costs to June 30, 1956 required to complete East Hartford ------------------------------------------ $865 $1,135 Hartford__------------------------------------------------ 1,669 2,254 ....... Chicopee ----------------------------------------------- 769 872 Northampton .... ----------------------------------------- 31 69 Holyoke_------------------------------------------------ 511 489 West Springfield.---------------------------------------- 12 188 Springfield ----------------- --------------------------- 51 149 126 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 82. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to 1 Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Andover Reservoir, Conn.ll -------------------- 11 ---------------------------- $4,900,000 2. Beards Brook Reservoir, N.H. 11 16- - 1949 $78,000 -------------- 7,152,000 3. Bennington Reservoir, N.H." 6 --- ___ 1949 205,000 -------------- 12,195,000 4. Brockway Reservoir, Vt.1___ -_ - - 1946 _...10,700,000 .....------ _-- _...------------- 5. Cambridgeport Reservoir, Vt.11ll---_------------_-------_________ 12 5,170,000 6. Chicopee, Mass. _________________________ 1954 1,433,600-- Chicopee, Mass."- ----- 2 -------------------------------------------- _ 3304,400 7. Claremont Reservoir, N.H. ___________ 1949 207,000 -------------- 12,793,000 8. Clyde, R.I.141 ____________ 1948 8,800 -------------- 601,000 9. East Hartford, Conn.' 4_-...-. .--------- 1951 2,135,000 ---------------------- 10. Gaysville Reservoir, Vt__...... 4 .__. - ......__..___-- ....... -18,900,000 11. Holyoke, Mass. so __ ____--- __ 1953 3,418,000 12. Honey Hill Reservoir, N.H.11___--- - -1949 92,000 -------------- 3,968,000 13. Hopkinton-Everett 4- - - Reservoir, - - - N.H.16 ___ 1941 67,000 ------------- 34,033,000 14. Lowell, Mass. 11 _ 1945 490,600 -------- -------------- 15. Ludlow Reservoir, Vt."- -_____--_-- ____-_-__- - _ _________ 5,690,000 16. Mountain Brook Reservoir, N.H.111 ___ 1949 57,000-- ----------------- 17. Nashua, N.H.4 ------------ -- 1950 ----------- 270,000----------- 18. North Andover and 4Lawrence, - Mass. - _ 1949 20,000 -------------- 1,703,000 19. Northampton, Mass. 4 ___________ ____ 1950 960,000 -------- -------------- 20. Norwalk, Conn. 6-.......... - - ..... .. 1952 52,000 ------- -------------- 21. Norwich Channel 11 Improvement, Conn 1953 643,000 ........--------------.. 769,000 22. Pawtucket, R.I. --------------- 14 1 1949 ..--....-- ......... ...... 202,000 23. Pontiac Diversion, R.I. _ 1948 24,200 ...----_____...... 5,245,800 24. Riverdale, Mass.4 7- - 1952 1,138,000 ..-------------------- 25. South Coventry Reservoir, Conn." .. .. 1951 96,000 -------------- 10,004,000 26. South Tunbridge, Vt.ll "------------- - - --------------------------------------- - 5,440,000 27. Springdale, Mass.4_ 4 ......... .... ___ ... . 1952 700,000 -------------- -------- 28. Springfield, Mass. 8____...___...._____. 1950 932,000--------.. -------------- 29. Sugar Hill Reservoir, N.H.19----------------1946 30. The Island Reservoir, Vt __.- . . -..-_-_ _..-...._ _.-__- ....... -... 4,530,000 31. Victory Reservoir, Vt --_---- __--------__- 11 1954 103,000 ---------- __- 3,997,000 32. West Brookfield Reservoir, Mass. ____.. 1948 67,000 .......... ---- 8,923,000 33. West Canaan Reservoir, N. H.11_ _______ 1948 92,000 ........-----.. 8,968,000 34. West Hill Reservoir, Mass__ 4 .... _________ 1951 83,000 .---.------- - 3,277,000 35. West Springfield, Mass. . 1954 1,334,000 . .---..------------------- 36. Westville Reservoir, Mass_ __------------- 1949 79,000----.------- 6,471,000 37. Williamsville Reservoir, 4 Vt."- _-- ___ _ - 1949 146,500- ....... 38. Winsted, Conn. o ------ 1954 247, 000 .. 11956 estimate except as otherwise noted. 2 To be restudied. 1954 cost estimate. 3 In addition, $7,637 was expended from contributed funds. 4 Completed. ' In addition, $327 was expended from contributed funds. 6 Flood-control work under authority of Sec. 205, Public Law 858, 80th Cong., 2d sess. 7 In addition $25,000 was expended from contributed funds. 8 In addition $5,350 was expended from contributed funds. 9 In addition $245,000 was expended from public works funds. 10A portion of the costs indicated for this project is reimbursable from the bonding company due to de- fault of contractor. 11Inactive. 1954 cost estimate. 12In addition $385 was expended from contributed funds. 18 Includes $295,000 from Public Works Administration funds. 141949 cost estimate. 1" Authorization expired due to failure of local interests to furnish assurances within the 5-year period. Is Hopkinton-Everett substituted for Bennington and Beards Brook. 17 A dam has been constructed at the site by private interests. 18Inactive. The Island, Townshend, and Ball Mountain Reservoirs have been substituted. 9 Alternate site to be selected. 20In addition $24, 496 was expended from contributed funds. 83. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS In accordance with provision of the Flood Control Act of 1936, as amended, local flood-protection works constructed with Federal funds are transferred to local interests to operate and maintain. To insure compliance with regulations prescribed for their opera- tion and maintenance, regular and periodic inspections of the following projects were made during the fiscal year: FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 127 Northampton, Mass. Norwalk, Conn. Holyoke, Mass. Springfield, Mass. Springdale, Mass. Hartford, Conn. Riverdale, Mass. East Hartford, Conn. Chicopee, Mass. Winsted, Conn. West Springfield, Mass. Nashua, N. H. Lowell, Mass. At Chicopee, Mass., additional drainage from the construction of the bridge approach on the new Massachusetts Turnpike, necessitated the temporary installation of additional pumping capacity at one pumping station, until completion of the highway. Inspection of this work to assure that no impairment to flood pro- tection occurred was paid for by the Turnpike Authority. At East Hartford, Conn., bridge piers and abutments were built for a crossing of the Connecticut River to Hartford. Alterations to the dike at the East Hartford bridge abutment were made. Inspection of this work to assure construction in accordance with Corps of Engineers' standards was paid for by the State of Con- necticut. Construction of the bridge approach is held up, pending an agreement on desired alinement. 84. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) Pursuant to this authority funds were allotted for construction of a flood-control project at Cocheco River, N. H. Contract was awarded during the fiscal year. Construction has not been initiated. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $7,561 for Cocheco River at Farmington, N. H. Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (Sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). Pursuant to this authority funds were made available in fiscal year 1956 for preliminary design of a flood-control project at West River at Weston, Vt. Costs during the fiscal year from regular funds for this work amounted to $500. Under this same authority funds in the amount of $500 were made available for preliminary design of a flood-control project at Mascoma River at Lebanon, N. H. No costs were incurred during the fiscal year for this work. Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue work. (PL 99, 84th Cong., 1st sess., and antecedent legislation). Operations during the fiscal year consisted of repair of the dike along the right bank of the Norwalk River, upstream of the Perry Avenue Bridge at Norwalk, Conn. and channel and bank rehabili- tation in the vicinity of the Perry Avenue Bridge; preparation of post flood report; and revision of flood-emergency manual. Costs during the fiscal year were $343,941 for maintenance. 128 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated .......-------------------------------............ ----------............ ----............ ------............ $352,100 $366,900 Cost--------- --------------------------------------------- 343,941 358,741 85. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Costs for examinations and surveys during the fiscal year from regular funds amounted to $53,155 for navigation studies; $9,943 for shore protection cooperative studies; $603,804 for Hurricane Survey; and $101,060 for Northeast Flood Study. The unex- pended balance at the end of the fiscal' year of $76,339 will be applied to payment of outstanding costs for the Northeast Flood Study, the Hurricane Survey, and shore protection studies. The additional sum of $994,100, including: $110,600 for navigation studies; $120,000 for the Northeast Flood Study; $5,500 for shore protection cooperative studies; and $758,000 for Hurricane Sur- vey, can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1957. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT This district comprises western Vermont, small portions of western Massachusetts, Connecticut, north-central Pennsylvania, and eastern and south-central New York, including Long Island, and northeastern New Jersey, embraced in the drainage basins tributary to Lake Champlain and the St. Lawrence River system east thereof and to the Atlantic Ocean from New York-Connecti- cut State line to but not including Manasquan Inlet, N. J., and the Susquehanna River basin above mile 282 south of the Pennsyl- vania-New York State line to its source. It exercises jurisdiction, however, over all matters pertaining to the improvement of the Great Lakes to Hudson River water- way. Under the direction of the Secretary of the Army, the district engineer, as Supervisor of New York Harbor, also exer- cises jurisdiction under the laws enacted for the preservation of the tidal waters of New York Harbor, its adjacent or tributary waters, and the waters of Long Island Sound. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control Page Page 1. Westchester Creek, N Y .... 130 26. Waterbury Reservoir, Winoo- 2. Northport Harbor, N. Y...... 132 ski River Basin, Vt ....... 183 3. Mattituck Harbor, N. Y...... 133 27. Wrightsville Reservoir, Winoo- 4. Lake Montauk Harbor, N. Y. _ 134 ski River Basin, Vt ....... 185 5. Long Island Intracoastal 28. East Barre Reservoir, Winoo- Waterway, N. Y 136 186 6. 7. Fire Island Inlet, N. Y Jones Inlet, N. Y- ------ ski River Basin, Vt .... 138 29. Rutland, Otter Creek, Vt _.. 139 30. Hoosick Falls, Hoosic River _.. 188 8. East Rockaway (Debs) Inlet, Basin, N. Y- - - 189 N. Y- -- 141 31. North Adams, Hoosic River 9. Bay Ridge and Red Hook Basin, Mass_ 190 Channels, N. Y- _ 143 32. Adams, Hoosic River Basin, 10. 11. Newtown Creek, N. Y ------ Hudson River Channel, N. Y _ 145 Mass ... - 148 33. Endicott, Johnson City, and 193 12. Hudson River, N. Y- 151 Vestal, N. Y- 195 13. Great Lakes to Hudson River 34. Southern New York flood- Waterway, N. Y _ 155 control project 197 14. New York Harbor: Entrance 35. Other authorized flood-control channels and anchorage projects.. . 211 areas __-- -- 157 36. Inspection of completed flood- 15. New York Harbor-Collection control works -- 211 and removal of drift .... 160 37. Flood-control work under spe- 16. Newark Bay, Hackensack and cial authorization 212 Passaic Rivers, N. J_ 161 17. New York and New Jersey Alteration of Bridges Channels_ _______ 166 18. Raritan River, N. J- _----- 19. Raritan River to Arthur Kill 170 38. Staten Island Rapid Transit Railway Co. bridge across Cutoff Channel, N. J-..... 173 Arthur Kill, N. Y---------214 20. Shoal Harbor and Compton Creek, N. J.__... . 174 21. Sandy Hook Bay, N. J-- 22. Shark River, N. J_ ---- 176 General Investigations 177 39. Examinations and surveys .-. 216 23. Navigation projects on which 40. Collection and study of basic reconnaissance and condition data------------------- 216 surveys only were conducted 41. Research and development-.... 216 during the fiscal year ..... 179 24. Supervision of New York Har- bor _ _ _ 179 25. Other authorized navigation projects----- 182 129 130 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1. WESTCHESTER CREEK, N. Y. Location. This creek is a tidal stream flowing into the East River from the north at a point 14 miles by water northeast of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 223.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. For further details see page 238 of Annual Re- port for 1921, and page 164 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water, 100 feet wide for a length of 2,000 feet through the estuary; thence 80 feet wide for 3,000 feet; and thence 60 feet wide to the head of navigation at East Tremont Avenue (Fort Schuyler Road), a distance of 8,800 feet, with widening at bends, and with three turning basins, one near the upper end of the channel, another about 500 feet downstream from the head of na- vigation and a third near the Eastern Boulevard (Unionport) Bridge. The total length of the project is about 2.6 miles. Mean tidal range, 7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 8.4 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 8.4 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $137,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $18,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 22, 1922 Channel 12 feet deep and two turning basins- .... Rivers and Harbors Committee, Doc. 8, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 3, 1954 Turning basin 250 x 250 feet in extent, 12 feet deep_- H. Doc. 92, 82d Cong., 1st sess. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, provides that local interests agree to: a. Furnish without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for construction and main- tenance of the improvement and furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvement; and c. Provide and maintain without cost to the United States a suitable bulkhead or other works approved by the Chief of En- gineers for retaining the east bank of the turning basin alongside the Hutchinson River Parkway; and provided further that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will construct a public wharf when in his opinion such a public wharf is required. The requirements under prior acts have been fully complied with. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 131 Terminal facilities. There are 11 terminals with a total avail- able berthage of 2,398 feet located along the waterway. Six of the terminals are equipped with mechanical-handling devices. All terminals are privately owned. Two boatyards with storage space for 70 boats and equipped with marine railways are avail- able for pleasure craft. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering pre- liminary to dredging a turning basin 12 feet deep near the head of navigation was performed during the fiscal year at a cost of $84 for new work. Engineering preliminary to dredging and pre- dredging surveys was performed during the fiscal year to re'store project depth of 12 feet in the channel at a cost of $6,817 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $6,901, of which $84 was for new work and $6,817 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced March 1932 and is about 82 percent complete. The upper 0.5 mile of the channel was relocated by the City of New York in 1941. When examined in December 1955 and Janu- ary 1956, the controlling mean low water depth was 10 feet for a width varying from 100 to 15 feet from the East River to Union- port Bridge, thence 8 feet for a width varying from 60 to 10 feet to within 200 feet of the upstream limit of the project, thence generally 6 feet to the head of navigation. The head of naviga- tion is at East Tremont Avenue, Bronx about 2.6 miles above the mouth. The work remaining to be done under the existing project con- sists of dredging to 12 feet below mean low water a turning basin 250 by 250 feet in extent to be located 500 feet downstream from the head of navigation. The total cost of the existing projects to June 30, 1956, was $297,816 of which $98,751 was for new work and $199,065 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---....------------------------------------------------ $84 $175,933 Cost__--- ------------------------------------------------------- 84 175,933 Maintenance: Appropriated...... $713 $700 ------------- $64 6,817 265,665 Cost-----------------_ 713 ------------ 764 6,817 265,665 1 Includes $77,182 for new work and $66,600 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project ______________________ $38, 000 132 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 2. NORT'HPORT HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This is an arm of Northport Bay on the north shore of Long Island. It is 44 miles by water northeast of the Battery, New York City, and 11 miles by water southeast of Stamford Har- bor, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide from that depth in the harbor to a point 100 feet south of the Northport Yacht Club, and an anchorage basin 6 feet deep and 15 acres in area adjacent to the channel. The length of the section included in the project is about 0.4 mile. Mean tidal range, 7.2 feet; mean range of spring tides, 8.5 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water to 3.8 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $65,000, exclusive of $15,000 to be contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance revised in 1950 is $4,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 109, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map see project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests shall: a. Contribute one-half the initial cost of the work but not to exceed $15,000. b. Furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as required. c. Hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages resulting from the execution and maintenance of the im- provement. Local interests were notified of the conditions of local coopera- tion in a letter dated August 23, 1955. Assurances of compliance by local interests dated January 25, 1956, were accepted February 20, 1956, by the District Engineer for the United States of America. Terminal facilities. Water terminals, 4 in number, with avail- able berthage of 775 feet, are located on the east side of the harbor. One terminal, municipally owned, is open to the public. The facilities are considered adequate for existing and reasonable prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging the channel and anchorage to project depths of 8 and 6 feet respectively work was commenced May 21, 1956, and completed June 2, 1956. During the fiscal year 82,338 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $93,623, including $2,970 for preliminary engineering and pre- dredging surveys for new work, and including $15,000 for con- tributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced in May and completed June 1956. When ex- mined in May and June 1956, the controlling mean low water RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 133 depth was 8 feet in the channel for full project width and 6 feet in the anchorage. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $78,623 exclusive of $15,000 contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--- --------------------------------- $80,000 ------------ $80,000 Cost-------------------- ------------ ----------------------- 78,623 78,623 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------___-- $1,377 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__----------------------------------------- 1,377 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ---------------------------------------------- $15,000 Appropriated........ $15,000 --------------------------------- 15,000 Cost----------------.................------ 15,000 3. MATTITUCK HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This is a tidal inlet on the north shore of Long Island, 85 miles east of the Battery, New York City, and 24 miles southeast of New Haven Harbor, Conn., extending southward about 21/4 miles to the village of Mattituck. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 363.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water from Long Island Sound to the bridge at Water- ville, protected at the entrance by two parallel jetties 400 feet apart, thence 7 feet deep at mean high water to the village of Mattituck, the widths being 100 feet at the entrance and 800 feet elsewhere. Total length of the channel is about 2.2 miles. Mean tidal range at entrance, 4.9 feet; at Old Mill Bridge, Waterville, 5.1 feet; mean range of spring tides at entrance, 5.8 feet; at Old Mill Bridge, 6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and baro- metric pressure vary from 2.2 feet below mean low water up to 6.6 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project, including the cost of maintenance up to June 30, 1909, was $133,344. The latest (1956) approved estimated cost of annual maintenance is $12,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 134 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 The 7-foot channel, and 2 riprap jetties --- -- Annual Report, 1891, p. 843. Aug. 30, 1935 250-foot extension to west jetty ------------------ H. Doe. 8, 71st Cong., 1st sess. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. A bulkhead and pier approximately 100 feet in length are situated at the entrance to the harbor. There is a timber bulkhead at Waterville, with available wharfage of 710 feet. At the head of the project there is a crib pier, in poor con- dition, with 50 feet of available wharfage. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 9 feet in the channel entrance work was commenced August 27, 1955, and completed September 24, 1955. During the fiscal year 31,552 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $30,292 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced September 1900 and substantially completed Au- gust 1938. The dredging was completed in 1914. The east jetty was completed in 1906 for a length of 775 feet. The west jetty was completed in 1938. When examined in May 1950, and Septem- ber 1955, the controlling mean low water depth was 7 feet for a width of 100 feet from Long Island Sound to 900 feet upstream from south end of west jetty, thence 7 feet for a width varying from 80 to 40 feet to Old Mill drawbridge, thence 4 feet (MHW) for a width varying from 80 to 30 feet to Long Creek, thence the depths decrease to zero at the village of Mattituck. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $379,013-$133,344 for new work and $245,669 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------------ -----------------------------------------------.. $133,344 Cost .-------- ....----------------------------------------------------- 133,344 Maintenance: Appropriated ..------ __ ....--- $300 ....--------...... -$15 $32,850 -$862 245,669 Cost - - .----....-----------------------------. 285 1,696 30,292 245,669 4. LAKE MONTAUK HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This harbor is located on the east end of Long Island, about 3 miles by land west of Montauk Point and 125 miles by water east of New York City. It is landlocked on the east, south, and west sides and is connected on the north with Block Island Sound by an artifical inlet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 362.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide extending from the 12-foot con- RIVERS AND HARBORS -NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 135 tour in Block Island Sound to the same depth in the existing yacht basin east of Star Island; for a boat basin 10 feet deep, 400 feet wide, and 900 feet long, located northwest of Star Island; and for the repair and extension shoreward of the east and west jetties. The length of section included in the project is 0.7 mile. Mean tidal range, 1.9 feet; mean range of spring tides, 2.2 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 2 feet below mean low water up to 7 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $518,000, exclusive of $82,738 from the Navy Department funds. The esti- mate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1956, is $28,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 369, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map, see project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests shall: a. Furnish, free of cost to the United States, spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as re- quired. b. Hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages that may occur from the construction and maintenance of the improvements. c. Convey to the United States, free of cost, all necessary rights- of-way and structures, including such absolute and indefeasible easement in the body of water known as Lake Montauk Harbor and in the shores and bed thereof as may be necessary to insure its permanent dedication to the use and purpose of a public navigable waterway. d. Give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will construct and maintain for free public use suitable road- ways to permit access to the boat basin and inner harbor. e. Give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will construct and maintain a suitable public landing open to all on equal and reasonable terms. And provided further that no work be done by the United States until the rights-of-way, struc- tures, and easement specified in c above have been conveyed to the United States; and title to rights-of-way required for roadways and landing facilities specified in d and e above, has been vested in the county of Suffolk or the town of East Hampton, in the State of New York. Under date of December 8, 1942, the Chief of Engi- neers approved the instruments complying with condition c above, and partially complying with items a and b. Work under- taken in Lake Montauk Harbor in 1942 was not then a part of an authorized river and harbor project but was performed for the Navy Department. The conditions of local cooperation required under the project were not considered wholly applicable. The supervisor, town of East Hampton, was notified of the con- ditions of local cooperation in letter dated January 24, 1946. Local interests have indicated that the remaining conditions will be met within the near future. Terminal facilities. Water terminals, 20 in number, of which 3 are not presently usable and 1 is under construction, with a total 136 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 available berthage of 4,089 feet, are located on the east side of Star Island, the lake area south of the island, at the inner end of en- trance channel. None of the terminals has rail connections or is equipped with freight handling devices. Nineteen of the terminals are privately owned, and one is publicly owned. Upon completion of a public landing to be constructed in accordance with the re- quirements of local cooperation, the terminals will be adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to restore project depth of 12 feet, work was commenced July 9, 1955, and completed September 12, 1955. During the fiscal year 34,546 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed. Cost of dredging was $35,289 for maintenance. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was 31 percent completed. Dredging of the entrance channel and shoreward extension of the west jetty were performed from August 1942 to January 1943, at the request of the Navy Depart- ment with Navy funds. When examined in April to September 1955, the controlling depth at mean low water was 12 feet for full project width from a point in Block Island Sound about 300 feet north of the west jetty to the upstream limit in Yacht Basin east of Star Island. The boat basin examined in October 1953, was found to have a depth of from 10 to + 1.3 feet for a width of 400 feet. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging a boat basin northwest of Star Island; repair of exist- ing east and west jetties and shoreward extension of the east jetty. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $178,495-$82,738, Navy funds for new work, and $95,757, regular funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated.. ------------ ----------------------------------------------- (1) Cost----....-- ------------ ------------ ------------ ----------------- ---- (1) Maintenance: Appropriated ....... $328 $400 ------------ $41, 500 -$3,352 $95, 757 Cost------------------ 328------------............ $400 2,859 35,289 95,757 1Cost of $82,738 were applied against Navy funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______________ $518, 000 5. LONG ISLAND INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY, N. Y. Location. This waterway extends from East Rockaway Inlet, on the south side of Long Island, to Great Peconic Bay at the eastern end of Long Island. The section included under this project extends from Great South Bay opposite Patchogue to the south end of Shinnecock Canal. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 578.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 100 feet wide RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 137 and 6 feet deep at mean low water from the federally improved channel in Great South Bay, opposite Patchogue to the south end of Shinnecock Canal. The length of the section included in the project is 34 miles. The mean tidal range varies from 1.0 foot in Shinnecock Bay to 0.7 foot in Patchogue Bay; mean range of spring tides varies from 1.2 feet to 0.8 foot; irregular fluctua- tions due to wind and barometric pressue vary from 1.8 feet below mean low water to 12.0 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $235,964. The latest (1956) approved estimated cost of annual maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 181, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local in- terests are required to furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for subsequent maintenance as required. Terminal facilities. There are 17 boat repair and storage yards within the area immediately adjacent to the Federal im- provement. There is ample room for expansion and development of terminals when future commerce warrants. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to restore project depth of 6 feet in the vicinity of Moriches Inlet, work was commenced July 13, 1955, and completed August 19, 1955. During the fiscal year 54,273 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed. Cost of dredg- ing was $35,148 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced October 1939 and completed September 1940. When examined in October 1953 and August 1955, the controlling mean low water depth in the channel was 5 feet for a width vary- ing from 50 to 100 feet, except in the reach from Speonk Point to West Bay Bridge, where the controlling depth was 4 feet for a width of 100 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $365,075 of which $235,964 was for new work and $129,109 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ ------------------------ ----------------------- ------------ $235,964 Cost --------- ---- ------------------------------------------------- ------------ -235,964 Maintenance: Appropriated- ------ ------------ $1,000 -$49 $52,000 -$15,014 129,109 Cost -------------- 951 1,838 35,148 129,109 138 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 6. FIRE ISLAND INLET, N. Y. Location. Fire Island Inlet is situated on the south shore of Long Island, about 50 miles by water south and east of the Battery, New York City. It is the main entrance into Great South Bay from the Atlantic Ocean. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 578.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a jetty extending generally southwest and south for a length of 5,000 feet from high ground on Democrat Point at the west end of Fire Is- land, and a channel 10 feet deep and 250 feet wide from deep water in the ocean to deep water within the inlet. Mean tidal range at ocean and inlet ends of Democrat Point are 4.1 and 2.6 feet, re- spectively. Irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 2.5 feet below mean low water up to 2.6 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $594,355, exclusive of $90,190 contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1956, is $90,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Construction of jetty_- ------------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 33, 75th Cong., 1st sess. May 17, 1950 Channel 10 feet deep_____________------------- H. Doc. 762, 80th Cong., 2d sess. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provides that local interests shall: a. Furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from any damages re- sulting from the improvement. These conditions have not been fulfilled. The requirements un- der the act of August 26, 1937, have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. No terminals are within the area immedi- ately adjacent to the Federal improvement. There are 42 com- mercial and pleasure boating terminals with a total berthage of 15,935 feet located at Patchogue, Sayville, West Sayville, Islip, and Bay Shore. In addition, 49 boat repair and storage yards are located along the shores of Great South Bay and adjacent creeks. The facilities are ample for present and probable future needs. There is room for expansion should future commerce warrant. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Hyde and attendant plant were employed from October 15, 1955, to October 31, 1955, in restoring the channel to project depth of 10 feet. During the fiscal year 39,600 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $47,200 including $878 for engineering preliminary to dredging, and predredging surveys for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 1389 Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced June 1939. The jetty was completed in 1941 and in view of the fact that a survey made in November 1953, revealed the existence of a channel with dimensions substantially the same as those authorized, work under the existing project was considered complete as of November 1953. When last examined in March 1956, the controlling mean low water depth was 10 feet for a width of 250 feet from deep water in the ocean to deep water within the inlet. The jetty has surpassed its capacity as a sand entrapping agent and when examined in October 1953, was found to be in fair condition. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $768,764-$594,355 United States funds, and $90,190, contributed funds-a total of $684,545 for new work and $84,219 for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...... Approriate------------ . ...........------------ ------------ .......... ----------- ------------ .......... $594,355 $9,5 Cost--- ----------------------------------------------------------------. 594,355 Maintenance: Appropriated .......-------- -----------............ $2,000 $1,983 $31,000 $48, 000 85,211 Cost--------------- ----------- 1,383 1,931 31,477 47,200 84,219 1 In addition $90,190 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 7. JONES INLET, N. Y. Location. -This is a small inlet on the south shore of Long Island connecting Hempstead Bay with the Atlantic Ocean. It is 37 miles by water southeast of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 579.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance jetty and a channel 12 feet deep and 250 feet wide, from that depth in the ocean through the inlet to the Loop Causeway Bridge over Long Creek. The length of section included in the project is about 2.1 miles. The mean tidal range varies from 4.2 feet at the ocean entrance to 3.1 feet at the Loop Causeway Bridge; the mean range of spring tides varies from 5.0 feet to 3.7 feet, respectively; ir- regular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 8.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $1,780.000, exclusive of $1,780,000 (one-half of total cost) to be contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1956, is $65,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 409, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map see project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests shall: 140 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 a. Contribute 50 percent of the first cost of the improvement. b. Furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas needed for the initial work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required. c. Hold and save the United States free of claims for damages resulting from the improvements. d. Provide and maintain a channel 12 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide from the Loop Causeway Bridge over Long Creek to the head of navigation in Freeport Creek at Mill Road. Assurances of compliance with the above conditions were ac- cepted by the Secretary of the Army on April 15, 1953. Authority was also granted by the Secretary of the Army on September 16, 1952, to accept in advance of funds amounting to $2,000,000 of- fered by the State of New York, the County of Nassau and the town of Hempstead to carry out the improvement at this time. The total sum of $3,502,500, $1,695,000 advanced and $1,807,500 contributed, was deposited to the credit of the United States during the period July 2, 1953, and May 10, 1956. Terminal facilities. Within the area tributary to Jones Inlet there are a number of privately-owned small wharves and 40 boat repair and storage yards. The latter are equipped for the repair of pleasure craft and fiShing vessels. In addition, there are nine public wharves open to the public free of charge, with a total dock- age of 2,180 feet. Additional terminals would have to be con- structed for the receipt of commercial freight in any sizable quantity. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Under a contract for construction of a.stone jetty at the entrance to the inlet, work was commenced November 18, 1953, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year, 994,483 cubic feet, solid measure, of stone were placed at a cost of $1,018,652, exclud- ing costs of $4,436 for engineering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys for new work. Total cost of work was $1,- 023,087 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the jetty is about 81 percent complete. The controlling mean low water depth through the inlet was 5 feet along a circuitous course when examined in September and October 1955. The work remaining to be done under the existing project con- sists of completion of the jetty and dredging of the channel to its authorized dimensions. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $2,444,693-$5,000 United States funds, $1,221,070 contributed funds and $1,216,063 advanced funds, a total of $2,442,133 for new work and $2,560 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 141 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------------------- $5,0001 $5,000 Cost--------------------------- 5,000 ------------------------------------ 5,000 1Exclusive of$1,780, 000 tobe contributed by local interests. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ -------------------------------------------- $1,470, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 470, 000 1---------------- Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------- 305, 000 ADVANCED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Advanced $1,357,500 -----------------.------------ ------------ $337,500 $1,695,000 Cost ----------------------------------- 143,059 $561,540 511,464 1,216,063 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------- $468, 741 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------------------------- 85,000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: -------------------------- $1,357,500 Contributed......... ------------ $450,000 $1,807,500 Cost----------- ---.......--------- ------------ 143,059 $566,387 511,623 1,221,070 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------------ $574, 949 8. EAST ROCKAWAY (DEBS) INLET, N. Y. Location. This inlet is situated on the south shore of Long Island between the main body of the island and the western end of Long Beach. It is 10 miles east of Rockaway Inlet and about 27 miles by water south and east from the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 579 and 1215.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 250 feet wide from the 12-foot contour in the Atlantic Ocean to the 12-foot contour in Long Beach Channel, a distance of about 0.6 miles, protected by a jetty. Mean tidal range, 4.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 4.9 feet; irregular fluctua- 142 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 tions due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4.1 feet be- low mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The cost of new work for the completed active portion of the project as described above was $503,969 (excluding $100,000 con- tributed funds). The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $102,000. The west jetty portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing description of the existing project and the cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $806,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. 19, 71st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, provides that local interests shall contribute $100,000 to the cost of the work; give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers that they will provide and maintain at their own expense interior channels suitable for navigation, not less than 12 feet deep, from East Rockaway Inlet to the Hempstead- Oyster Bay line, a distance of about 15 miles, to Hewlett Harbor and to Freeport Harbor; furnish, without expense to the United States, necessary land, easements and rights-of-way for construc- tion and maintenance of the jetties, and agree to hold and save the United States free of claims for damages to public and private property resulting from the improvement. Assurances of compliance with the conditions of local coopera- tion precedent to construction of entrance channel and east jetty were approved by the Chief of Engineers and Secretary of War on July 14 and 15, 1932, respectively. Local contribution of $100,000 was deposited to the credit of the United States on August 23, 1932. Since the construction of the west jetty is not considered necessary at this time, easements, rights-of-way, and release of claims for damages necessary for construction are not being secured. Terminal facilities. There are 33 terminals in Oceanside, Island Park, Long Beach, and East Rockaway. Eight of these are oil terminals--6 at Oceanside, one of which has a railroad spur, and 2 at Island Park. The other terminals consist of repair and mooring docks with a berthage of 3,150 feet. Of these 14 have marine railways and 1 has mechanical-handling facilities. There are public wharves at East Rockaway and Woodmere, and the waterfront on the north side of Long Beach has been bulkheaded. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Hyde and attendant plant were employed inter- mittently from August 14, 1955, to September 28, 1955 and from June 22, 1956, to June 30, 1956, in dredging to restore the project channel to a depth of 12 feet. During the fiscal year 48,700 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $70,223 including $456 for engineering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys for maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 143 was commenced February 1933, and is about 85 percent complete. The east jetty, 4,250 feet long, was completed in July 1934. The project channel was completed in May 1935. When examined in March 1956, the controlling mean low water depth through the channel from deep water in Atlantic Ocean to deep water in East Rockaway Inlet was 12 feet for a width of 250-190 feet. The east jetty was in good condition. The work remaining to be done under the existing project consists of building a west jetty, if necessary, to protect the channel. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956 was $1,026,198-$421,369 from regular funds and $82,600 from public works funds, a total of $503,969 for new work and $522,229 from regular funds for maintenance. In addition, the costs from con- tributed funds were $100,000 for new work. Cost and financial summary ' Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------------------ $503,969 Cost---- ------------------------------------------------------- 503,969 Maintenance: Appropriated.....-------- $96, 505 -$8, 727 $67, 500 $122,100 $69, 845 522,229 Cost_..-----------. - 85,878 1,831 65,660 123,631 70,223 522,229 I In addition $100,000 for new work expended from contributed funds. 9. BAY RIDGE AND RED HOOK CHANNELS, N. Y. Location. These channels lie along the east shore of the Upper Bay, New York Harbor, and with Buttermilk Channel, form an easterly channel along the Brooklyn waterfront from the Nar- rows to East River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 369 and 541.) Previousprojects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, August 11, 1888, September 19, 1890, August 18, 1894, and June 3, 1896. For further details, see page 1768 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 195 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 1,200 feet wide and 40 feet deep at mean low water from the Narrows to Bay Ridge Avenue, Brooklyn, thence 1,750 feet wide to the junction of Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels, thence 1,200 feet wide through Red Hook Channel to the junction with Buttermilk Channel and a channel of the same depth extending into Gowanus Bay from the junction of Bay Ridge Channel with Red Hook Channel, narrow- ing uniformly in width to about 500 feet at Twenty-eighth Street, Brooklyn. Length of section included in the project, 4 miles. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; ir- regular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work, for the completed project, was $4,277,- 196, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The 144 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $200,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Channel 40 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide-...--....... H. Doc. 337, 54th Cong., 2d sess. (Annual Report, 1897, p. 1177). Mar. 2, 1907 Dredging to obtain, first, a depth of 35 feet, subse- quently increasing depth to 40 feet for full width. July 3, 1930 Widening of Bay Ridge Channel to 1,750 feet-......_ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 44, 71st Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published map). Terminal facilities. There are 53 terminals with a total avail- able berthage of 72,819 feet. Twenty-four of the terminals have mechanical-handling devices and 20 have railroad connections. In addition, there are 6 railroad float bridges and 2 idle ferry slips. Of the terminals, 1 is State-owned, 2 are Government-owned, 13 are owned by the city of New York, and 1 is open to public use. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 30 and 35 feet in the Gowanus Bay area, work was commenced on May 26, 1955, and completed September 19, 1955. During the fiscal year 175,329 cubic yards, place meas- urement of material were removed at a cost of $168,970 for mainte- nance. The total cost of work was $168,970 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced March 1901 and completed June 1940. The controlling mean low water depths of the channels included in the project are as follows: Depth Width Section (feet) (feet) Date survey In Bay Ridge Channel from Narrows to Bay Ridge 37 1,200-650 May 1956. Ave., Brooklyn. From Bay Ridge Ave. to 45th St. (pier 4) -...... 35 1,650-800 Do. From 45th St. to junction with Red Hook Channel_ 33 1,600-1,300 August 1955-May 1956. Branch in Gowanus Bay-----------------------_ _ 30 970-500 August-September 1955. Red Hook Channel-_ ----- ___ --- _______ ____-- 34.5 1,200-1,100 May 1956. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $9,134,608-$4,212,637 regular funds and $64,560 public works funds, a total of $4,277,197 for new work and $4,857,411 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 145 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----------- ----------------------- ------------------------ $5,523,297 Cost------ ------------------------------------------------------------ 5,523,297 Maintenance: Appropriated--- --- $184,055 $122,200 $291,098 $292,300 -$6,888 4,857,411 Cost ---------------- 184,055 112,875 296,447 120,418 168,970 4,857,411 1 Includes $1,246,100 for new work for previous projects. 10. NEWTOWN CREEK, N. Y. Location. This cheek is a tidal waterway entering the East River, N. Y., and 41/2 miles by water northeast of the Battery, New York City, and forms a part of the boundary between the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 745.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, July 5, 1884, and June 3, 1896. For further de- tails see page 1769 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 207 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 23 feet deep and 130 feet wide from East River to a point about 150 feet north of Maspeth Avenue; for a turning basin at the former location of Mussel Island and a triangular area lying on the north side of the entrance to the creek of the same depth; for a channel 20 feet deep at mean low water elsewhere in Newtown Creek, including Dutch Kills, Maspeth Creek, and English Kills, of the following widths: 150 feet wide from Maspeth Avenue to Grand Street Bridge, thence 125 feet wide to Metropolitan Avenue on the East Branch; 100 feet wide for a distance of 2,000 feet up Maspeth Creek; 75 to 100 feet wide for a distance of 2,800 feet up Dutch Kills with a turning basin at the head; and 150 feet wide in Eng- lish Kills; or West Branch, to the Metropolitan Avenue Bridge, including the easing of bends, and for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide in English Kills from the Metropolitan Avenue Bridge to within 80 feet of the Montrose Avenue Bridge, suitably widened at bends and materially widened by excavating upland at the second bend above the Metropolitan Avenue Bridge. The total length of channel included in the project is about 5.2 miles. Mean tidal range, 4.2 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.8 feet below mean low water up to 4.2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $1,350,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $63,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: 146 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1919 20-foot channel___ __ - -___ __ _.-____ __ H. Doc. 936, 64th Cong., 1st sess., July 3, 1930 23-foot channel_..------------------------------ Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Doc. 42, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 26, 1937 12-foot channel in English Kills------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Doc. 4, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Minor modification of project in the vicinity of Mus- sel Island, without change in cost, approved by the Secretary of War, Mar. 22, 1920. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919, requires that all land needed for right-of-way be furnished with- out cost to the United States, and provides that no work shall be done in Maspeth Creek, in the removal of Mussel Island, or in English Kills until this has been done in each case and correspond- ing changes made in existing harbor lines; also that no work shall be undertaken under the existing project in Dutch Kills until the obstructive bridges near its mouth have been suitably modified. The River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937, requires that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary easements or rights-of-way for the enlargement of the channel in English Kills above Metropolitan Avenue and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will remove ob- structive deposits resulting from the discharge of sewage into the waterway. That act also requires that before widening the second bend south of Metropolitan Avenue local interests shall furnish necessary lands or rights-of-way and construct a new bulkhead on the widened channel. The lands needed in Maspeth Creek, Mussel Island, and the East Branch have been ceded to the United States by the city of New York by deed. The work of modifying the bridges near the mouth of Dutch Kills was completed in 1923. No action has been taken by the city authorities to comply with the requirements for dredg- ing in English Kills (West Branch). Terminal facilities. The length of waterfront measured along both sides of the improvement is 11.6 miles, of which 9.6 miles are bulkheaded and about 2 miles of frontage, distributed over the entire length of this waterway, is yet underdeveloped. There are 3 piers with a total berthage of 2,002 feet and 39,712 feet of bulk- heads and wharves available for dockage. Of the terminals, 5 are owned by the city of New York, of which 2 are open to public use; 51 are equipped with mechanical-handling devices, and 27 have railroad connections. The terminal facilities are considered ade- quate for present needs. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. derrick boat Babcock and attendant plant were employed from April 25, 1956, to June 27, 1956, in dredging the channel in Dutch Kills to a depth of 15 feet. During the fiscal year 10,200 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $87,507 in- cluding $2,695 for engineering preliminary to dredging and pre- dredging surveys for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 147 ect was commenced May 1921 and is about 64 percent complete. The work of enlarging the main channel to 23-foot depth and 130- foot width from the entrance to 150 feet north of Maspeth Avenue, including the triangular area at the entrance, and a turning basin at the former location of Mussel Island, is about 90 percent com- pleted. Dutch Kills has been dredged to project depth, 20 feet, for a width of 75 to 100 feet except at a few places near the head of improvement where unstable bulkheads restricted dredging opera- tions. Maspeth Creek has been dredged to project dimensions throughout. Newtown Creek is navigable on the West Branch ' (English Kills.) to Johnson Avenue, 3.92 miles from East River and on the East Branch to Metropolitan Avenue, 3.29 miles from the East River. The controlling mean low water depths of the channels included in this project are as follows: Depth Width Section (feet) (feet) Date Main Channel: From East River to south end of turning basin 23 280-100 July 1950. at Mussel Island. From south end of turning basin at Mussel 18 160-130 August 1949. Island to 150 feet below Maspeth Ave. Turning Basin at Mussel Island___ - -___________ - 19 -------------- Do. Dutch Kills: From Newtown Creek to 100 feet below Borden 15 90-30 June 1956. Avenue Bridge. From 100 feet below Borden Avenue Bridge to 12 100-20 Do. turning basin at the head. Maspeth Creek_----------__--------------- 1 8 100-50 August 1949. East Branch: From 150 feet below Maspeth Ave. to Grand 16 130-60 June 1952. Street Bridge. From Grand St. Bridge to Metropolitan Ave_- 13 125-85 Do. English Kills (West Branch): From junction with East Branch to Metropoli- 16 150 February 1952. tan Avenue Bridge. From Metropolitan Ave. to within 80 feet of 8 100-80 March 1949. Montrose Ave. 1 Excludes a length of 300 feet below easterly limit of project where the depth ranges from 8 feet to 0. The work remaining to be done consists of completing to project dimensions: The 23-foot main channel between Greenpoint and Meeker Avenues, and between 800 and 150 feet north of Maspeth Avenue; the 20-foot channel in the East Branch; and the 20- and 12-foot channels in English Kills. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $1,350,565-$767,094 for new work and $583,471 for maintenance. 148 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: _ Appropriated ....... ---------- _ ------------ ---------- ------------- ----------- 1$1,168,354 Cost---- -- ------------------------------------------------------------ 1,168,354 Maintenance: Appropriated__------- $84,370 -$500 $87,507 1,005,288 Cost----------------- 83,316 9 $209 $189 87,507 1,005,288 1Includes $401,261 for new work and $421,817 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ___ 2 $583, 000 2Estimated additional amount needed to complete inactive portion of existing project. 11. HUDSON RIVER CHANNEL, N. Y. Location. Hudson River empties into the Upper Bay of New York Harbor at the Battery, New York City. The section in- cluded under this title extends from deep water in upper New York Bay to just north of Harlem River (Spuyten Duyvil Creek), a distance of about 14.5 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 745, 746, and 747.) Previousprojects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1875, June 6, 1900, and March 3, 1905. For further details, see Annual Report for 1915, page 1765, and Annual Report for 1938, page 213. Existing project. This provides for a channel 48 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide, suitably widened at the bends, from West 59th Street, Manhattan, to West 40th Street, thence 45 feet of the same width to deep water in Upper Bay; for a channel 40 feet deep for the full width of the river extending from the north line of 59th Street to the south side of Little Basin, and thence a channel of the same depth to deep water in the Upper New York Bay off Ellis Island, substantially as shown on maps in House Document 309, 72d Congress, 1st session, subject to the provision that no dredg- ing shall be done under the project within 50 feet of the pierhead lines; a channel 750 feet wide and 30 feet deep along the Wee- hawken-Edgewater waterfront; the removal of a shoal on the New York side between West 59th and West 61st Streets to a depth of 40 feet; and the removal of an obstruction north of the mouth of Spuyten Duyvil Creek to the depth of the surrounding river bot- tom. The length of channel included in the project is about 11 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. Mean tidal range at the Battery, 4.4 feet, and at West 129th Street, 4.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.3 feet and 4.9 feet, respectively; ir- regular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.8 feet below mean low water at the Battery up to 5.2 feet above mean high water and at West 129th Street from 3.6 feet below mean low water up to 5.3 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $6,702,240, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 149 latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $500,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 4, 1913 Channel 30 feet deep from Ellis Island to Newark St., H. Doc. 719, 62d Cong., 2d sess. 40 feet deep through the shoal from Newark St. to Castle Point and channel 26 feet deep and 550 feet wide along Weehawken-Edgewater waterfront. Removal of shoal east side of river between West 19th and West 32d Sts.; removal of rock near the Battery to 40 feet, and removal of obstruction near Spuyten Duyvil Creek. Mar. 4, 1915 Additional dredging through shoal from Newark St. Annual Report, 1914, pp. 234-235. to Castle Point. Aug. 8, 1917 Remo.val of shoal between West 32d and West 61st H. Doc. 1697, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Sts. to 40 feet and widening the 40-foot channel be- tween the Battery and Canal St. to 2,000 feet. Mar. 3, 1925 Channel 30 feet deep and 750 feet wide along Wee- H. Doc. 313, 68th Cong., 1st sess. hawken-Edgewater waterfront. Jan. 21, 1927 Modification of conditions of local cooperation affect- ing channel along Weehawken-Edgewater water- front. 1 July 3, 1930 Channel 40 feet deep between pierhead lines from 20th H. Doc. 450, 70th Cong., 2d sess. St. Manhattan, to a point, 1,300 feet below Newark St., Hoboken, thence 2,800 feet wide to deep water offEllis Island. Channel 30 feet deep between 40- foot channel and channel along Jersey City water- front. Aug.30,19352 Widening the 40-foot channel to full width of river H. Doc.309, 72d Cong., 1st sess. from north line of 59th St. to south side of Little Basin,thence a channel of same depth to deep water off Ellis Island. Do-...... Waiver of all conditions of local cooperation affecting Rivers and Harbors Committee the channel along the Weehawken-Edgewater Doc. 49, 72d Cong., 2d sess. waterfront. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 45 and 48 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide-...... Senate committee print, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' 1 Contain latest published maps. 2 Also Public Works Administration Sept. 6, 1933, and Apr. 27, 1935. Terminal facilities. The length of waterfront included in the project for improvement, measured along both shores of the river, is 32 miles; of this length, 7 miles of the Manhattan waterfront and 10 miles of the New Jersey waterfront have been developed for commercial use. Along the Manhattan waterfront, there are 101 terminals with a total available berthage of 126,826 feet, 19 ferry slips, and 8 car float bridges. Along the Jersey waterfront there are 147 terminals having a total available berthage of 166,282 feet, and 19 ferry slips, 31 car float bridges, and 2 large shipyards with 6 floating drydocks. Of the terminals, 109 are publicly owned, 159 are equipped with mechanical-handling devices, and 135 have railroad connections. The facilities are adequate for present requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons and attendant plant were employed in- termittently from August 1, 1955, to February 23, 1956, and the U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Comber and attendant plant were employed from May 21, 1956, to June 7, 1956, in dredging to restore the channel along the Weehawken-Edgewater waterfront to a depth of 30 feet. During the fiscal year 1,408,100 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $394,117, including $3,660 for engineering preliminary to dredging and pre- dredging surveys for maintenance. 150 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons and attendant plant were also employed intermittently from November 19, 1955 to February 22, 1956, in dredging to restore the 40- and 45-foot proj- ect channels to their authorized dimensions. During the fiscal year 1,236,400 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $390,781 including $3,630 for engineering pre- liminary to dredging and predredging surveys for maintenance. The total cost of work was $784,898 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced April 1913 and was completed in September 1952. The work of widening and deepening Weehawken-Edgewater Channel to project dimensions was completed in August 1937. The work of widening the 40-foot channel for the full width of the river from Ellis Island to West 59th Street, Manhattan, was com- pleted in March 1939. The work of widening the 48-foot project to full project width of 2,000 feet from West 40th Street to West 59th Street was completed in November 1950. Deepening of the 45-foot channel for a width of 2,000 feet from Upper Bay to West 40th Street was completed to project dimensions in September 1952. The controlling mean low water depths of the sections included in the project are as follows: Depth Width Section (feet) (feet) Date 40-foot channel: From Ellis Island to West 59th St....----------.... 35 3,700-2,850 June 1953 to February 1955. 45-foot channel: From Ellis Island to West 40th St ............------------ 44 2,000 June 1953. 48-foot channel: From West 40th St. to West 59th St-..........---------- 48 1,800-1,500 June 1954. Weehawken-Edgewater channel: From West 59th St. to opposite Valvoline oil 30 750-400 August 1951 to July 1955. dock. From opposite Valvoline oil dock to West 156 26 750-100 July 1955. St., Manhattan. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $12,633,346-$668,820 public works funds, and $6,033,420 regular funds-a total of $6,702,240 for new work and $5,931,106 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------...... . -. $250,000 -$75,383 --------- _---_ . -------.. -- $6, 771,870 Cost----- ----------- 171,516 - 4,097 . . .--------------------------- - 6,771,870 Maintenance: Appropriated..------ 290,000 225,991 $339,198 $469,445 $784,898 5,931,106 Cost----------------................. 84,364 424,794 346,059 474,391 784,898 5,931,106 1Includes $69,629 for new work for previous projects, RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 151 12. HUDSON RIVER, N. Y. Location. This river has its source in the Adirondack Moun- tains, about 250 miles in a direct line and 315 miles along its course from the Battery, New York City, and flows in a generally south- erly direction into New York Bay. The section under improve- ment extends from New York City to Waterford, a distance of about 156 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 282, 283, 284, 747, and 748.) Previous projects. The original project for improvement by the United States was adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1834, and modified in 1852 and 1866. A second project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, and modified in 1899. For further details, see page 1764, Annual Report for 1915, and page 226, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 600 feet wide from New York City to Kingston and thence 400 feet wide to Albany, with widening at the bends, a turning basin 700 feet wide and 1,200 feet long at Albany, and 2 anchorages, 1 near Hudson and 1 near Stuyvesant, each with a width of 400 feet and an average length of 2,400 feet; all with depths of 32 feet in soft material and 34 feet in rock; thence 14 feet deep at lowest low water and gener- ally 400 feet wide to the Federal lock at Troy; and thence of same depth and 200 feet wide to the southern limit of the State barge canal at Waterford; and removal of State dam at Troy and the con- struction of a lock and dam about 21/2 miles below Waterford. The channel is to be formed by dredging and rock excavation, and to be maintained by dredging and by constructing new, and raising and repairing old, longitudinal dikes, built partly under previous projects and partly by the State of New York. The mean range of pool elevation above the Federal dam at Troy, in seasons of moderate rains, is about 2.2 feet, as determined in 1934. The mean tidal range is about 4.7 feet at the Federal dam at Troy and about 4.6 feet at Albany, extreme range due to freshets is 33.4 and 25.7 feet, respectively. The normal pool level above the Federal dam from Troy to Waterford is 14.33 feet above mean sea level at Sandy Hook N. J. In the tidal section of the river below the dam the assumed lowest water plane from Troy to Albany is 3 feet below mean sea level at Sandy Hook, N. J. The following table contains information concerning the various features of the lock and dam included in the existing project: Location: --------------------------- -------------------------.. Below Waterford ........................ miles.. 2.2 Above Battery, New York City ............................-----..-----------------------------------....................... do.... 153.8 Locks: Clear width .....................................--------------------------------------..........---...---............ feet.. 44.44 Greatest length available for full width- ...------ --------------------------- do.... 492.5 Lift at lowest stages------------ ........................-----------..................-----------------------------....... do.... 17. 3 Depth on miter sills: Upper (at normal pool level)-------- .................---- -------------------------- do.. 16.3 Lower (at lowest low water) ------------------- -------------------- do.... 13.0 Character of foundation: Rock. Kind of dam: Fixed. Type of construction: Concrete. Completed: 1917. Cost: $1,463,014. 152 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The estimated cost for new work for the active portion of the project as described above, revised in 1956 is $51,340,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest 1956 ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $360,000, in- cluding $90,000 for operation and care of the lock and dam. The widening to form harbors at Albany and Troy, N. Y., to a depth of 12 feet is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing description of the existing project and the cost esti- mate. The cost of this portion of the project was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $552,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 25, 1910 Channel 12 feet deep from Hudson to Waterford, re- H. Doc.719, 61st Cong., 2d sess. moval of State lock and dam2 at Troy and construc- tion of a new lock and dam. Mar. 3, 1925 Channel 27 feet deep from Hudson to Albany_ .. H. Doc. 350, 68th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Channel 27 feet deep below Hudson ...-------------- H. Doc. 210, 70th Cong., 1st sess. (3) Operation and care of lock and dam at Troy were in- cluded in project July 1, 1935. Aug.30,19354 Relocation of the 12-foot channel between Troy and S. Doc. 155, 72d Cong., 2d sess. Waterford. June 20, 1938 Deepening channel between Albany and Waterford H. Doe. 572, 75th Cong., 3d sess. to 14 feet, with no change in depths for harbors in front of Albany and Troy. Sept. 3, 1954 Deepening channel between New York City and H. Doe. 228, 83d Cong., 1st sess. Albany to 32 feet and construction of a turning basin and 2 anchorages. 1 These documents contain latest published maps. 2 Widening to form harbors at Albany and Troy to a depth of 12 feet considered inactive. 3 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. 4 PWA, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the provi- sions of the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, which require that local interests shall agree to: (a) furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of- way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and main- tenance of the improvements; (c) provide depths commensurate with the channel depth in the approaches and berths at terminals to serve the commerce which would move on the improvement; (d) construct and maintain a suitable bulkhead on the east side of the proposed turning basin or permit dredging of a slope that would otherwise be required; (e) provide and maintain at the port of Albany, in addition to facilities heretofore provided, sufficient storage and handling facilities for accommodation of prospective commerce, when and as required; and (f) continue, through ad- ministration by the Albany Port District Commission or other public body, to regulate the use, growth, and development of the harbor facilities at the port of Albany and to hold suitable facilities open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. The piers and other terminal or transfer facilities served by the improvement are as follows: Between Waterford and the Federal dam at Troy there are 14 wharves aggregating approximately 5,000 feet in length. The RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 153 State of New York has constructed a barge-canal terminal at Cohoes. There is a dock 325 feet long on the west side of the river just north of the Federal dam. At Troy there are nine terminals with available dockage of 2,383 feet, including the State barge-canal terminal with 960 feet. In addition, 11/4 miles of concrete bulkhead were constructed along the waterfront by the city of Troy. At Watervliet there is a stone bulkhead 755 feet long. Between this point and Albany there are 5 timber wharves aggregating 4,275 feet in length. At Albany, and Rensselaer on the east side of the river, there are 30 terminals aggregating 18,661 feet of available berthage, including a city-owned recreation pier of 900 feet and the State barge-canal terminal with 1,586 feet located on the west side of the river. These terminals are adequately served with railroad track- age. There are 5 transit sheds, 1 warehouse, a 13,500,000-bushel grain elevator, and a molasses-storage plant, all provided by the Albany Port District Commission. Between Albany and Hudson there are about 100 timber wharves aggregating 36,700 feet in length; at Hudson there are 12 timber wharves aggregating 5,000 feet in length; at Athens there are 9 timber wharves aggregating 4,000 feet in length. Between Hudson and the upper limits of New York City the entire waterfronts of Poughkeepsie, Newburgh, and Yonkers are equipped with transfer facilities. At Poughkeepsie there are 14 terminals with available dockage of 7,823 feet, including a city- owned pier of 270 feet. At Newburgh there are 17 terminals with a total dockage of 8,431 feet, of which 1 with 90 feet of dockage is open to the public. At Yonkers there are 28 terminals with dockage of 10,659 feet, of which 531 feet are for public use. The existing wharves are ample for Hudson River traffic. Operations and results during fiscal year. By use of Govern- ment plant and hired labor, brush and small trees growing on 60,721 linear feet of dikes were sprayed during the period June 6, 1956 to June 29, 1956, at a total cost of $9,054 for maintenance. Government plant and hired labor were employed intermittently from July 1, to October 14, 1955, and from June 4 to June 29, 1956, on repairs to Patroon's dike, High dike, and Cedar Hill dike at a total cost of $36,497 for maintenance. By use of Government plant and hired labor, stumps and snags which formed a potential menace to navigation and other obstruc- tions were removed from the shores and channel of the river dur- ing the fiscal year at a cost of $31,322 for maintenance. The costs of surveys, tidal observations, miscellaneous inspec- tions and reports, were $26,965 for maintenance. The lock and dam in the Hudson River at Troy, N. Y., was oper- ated and cared for during the fiscal year. Operation of the lock for the 1955 navigation season was suspended December 13, 1955, and resumed April 4, 1956, for the 1956 season. U. S. derrick boat H. R. N6. 1 was employed December 12 to 16, 1955, in removing fender booms and installing emergency dam, and March 22 to April 4, 1956, in removing emergency dam and replacing fender booms. 154 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Under contract for emergency repairs, damage to fender pier No. 1 at the east entrance to the lock were commenced on July 11, 1955, and completed January 18, 1956, at a cost of $27,129. Costs of repairs are reimbursable by responsible maritime operator. The cost of all work was $121,157 for operation and care of lock and dam at Troy, N. Y. The total cost of work was $224,995-$103,838 for maintenance and $121,157 for operation and care of lock and dam at Troy, N. Y. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced July 1910 and is about 61 percent complete. The construction of new lock and dam at Troy, removal of old dam at Troy, and construction of 15,545 linear feet of new dikes have been completed. In the reconstruction of old dikes, 39,672 linear feet have been raised to the adopted crest height. The channel from Albany to Waterford has been completed to a depth of 14 feet, with the exception of a small part of the widening to form a harbor at Troy, which work is not deemed necessary for the present. The work of deepening the channel south of Albany to 27 feet mean low water has been completed with the exception of about 1,500 linear feet at the northern end. The controlling mean low water depth from New York City to Hudson, N. Y., is 27 feet for a width varying from 280 to 400 feet, thence 26.5 feet for a width varying from 170 to 400 feet to about 4,700 feet below the Dunn Memorial Bridge, thence 15.6 feet for a width varying from 190 to 400 feet. to the Dunn Memorial Bridge. The controlling lowest low water depth from Albany to the lock and dam at Troy is 13.5 feet for a width varying from 400 feet at Albany to 45 feet near the south entrance to the lock at Troy. At the lock entrance it is 14 feet deep for a width of 45 feet. Con- trolling depth over the lock sills is 13.0 feet at the lower sill. The controlling pool level depth above the lock at Troy to Waterford, the head of the improvement, is 14 feet for a width varying from 45 to 200 feet. The work remaining to be done under the existing project con- sists of the construction and reconstruction of dikes, deepening of the channel from New York City to Albany to 32 feet, construc- tion of the turning basin at Albany, and construction of the anchorages at Hudson and Stuyvesant. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Operating and New work Maintenance care Total Regular funds____----------------- $15,577,938 $5,563,863 $2, 136,763 $23,278,564 Public works funds_ ---------------- 238,350--------- ---- 238,350 Emergency relief funds--- _ -_ -_. .___ . 311.461 ...............- __............... 311,461 Total- .... -... ...... __ ._... $16,127,749 $5,563,863 $2,136,763 $23,828,375 In addition, the sum of $454,273 was expended between August 18, 1915, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the work of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 155 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ....... -$18,366 ...------------------------------ 1$21,240,342 Cost------ ----------------------------------------------------------- 21,240,342 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- 449,368 $207,189 $344,431 $115,100 $214,034 28,050,053 Cost_------__------. 512,480 204,967 302,519 166,796 224,995 8,047,423 1 Includes $5,112,594 for new work and $346,797 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes O & C. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __------ 3 $35, 764, 000 aInclusive of $552,000 estimated additional amount needed to complete inactive portion of existing project. 13. GREAT LAKES TO HUDSON RIVER WATERWAY, N. Y. Location. This waterway consists of that portion of the New York State Barge Canal system extending from the Hudson River at Waterford to Oswego Harbor on Lake Ontario. (See U. S. Lake Survey Charts Nos. 183, 184, and New York Canal Charts.) Existing project. This provides for the allotment of Federal funds to the State of New York for expenditure under suitable Federal control and supervision in the improvement of the canal connecting Lake Ontario with the Hudson River. The improve- ment provides for a depth of 13 feet below normal pool level through all locks between Waterford and Oswego, deepening be- tween locks to 14 feet below normal pool levels, widening at bends and elsewhere, and increasing the overhead clearance to 20 feet at maximum navigable stage at bridges and other overhead struc- tures. The widths of channel to be provided under the project are 104 feet in earth cuts, 120 feet in rock cuts, 200 feet in river sec- tions, with widening at bends and elsewhere as may be necessary. The length of the waterway included in this project is about 184 miles, of which 160 miles are in the Erie Canal from Waterford to Three Rivers Point and 24 miles are in the Oswego Canal from Three Rivers Point to Oswego. The estimated cost for new work, made in 1956, is $38,800,000, of which not more than $27,000,000 shall be expended on deepen- ing between locks and raising of bridges and other overhead clear- ances as contained in River and Harbor Committee Doc. 20, 73d Congress, 2d session. No estimate of maintenance with Federal funds is included, as maintenance of the canal is not a part of the Federal project. Acts Work authorized Documents May28,19351 Deepening between the locks to 14 feet, increasing Rivers and Harbors Committee, 2 Aug. 30, 1935 overhead clearances to 20 feet and widening at Doc. 20, 73d Cong., 2d sess. bends and elsewhere. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Depth of 13 feet below normal pool level through all S. Doc. 252, 79th Cong., 2d sess. locks between Waterford and Oswego. 1 Emergency Relief Act of 1935. 2Contains latest published map. 156 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, authorized the deepening of the locks subject to the condition than an agreement be entered into between the United States and the State of New York embodying certain limitations and provi- sions to safeguard the interests of general commerce and naviga- tion, insure Federal control of the disposition of Federal funds, and provide for Federal supervision of the work performed. A supplemental agreement dated June 5, 1947, containing all provi- sions necessary for efficient prosecution of the improvement, was entered into by the Chief of Engineers and the Department of Public Works, State of New York. The requirements under the prior acts have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The State of New York has provided ter- minal and transfer facilities at all important points along the Erie and Oswego Canals, and at Buffalo, Troy, Albany, and New York Harbor. The freight-handling equipment, as well as the storage and dock facilities, is governed by the requirements of the particu- lar locality. The State-owned terminal at Oswego is equipped with a grain elevator of 1,000,000 bushels' capacity. The Albany Port District Commission has erected a grain elevator of 13,500,- 000 bushels' capacity at Albany. The Port of New York Author- ity grain terminal in New York Harbor on Gowanus Bay has a capacity of approximately 1,800,000 bushels. Terminals at Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, Schenectady, Troy, Albany, and Oswego are provided with direct railroad connections. All State-owned terminals are open to the public on equal terms. Lakeport terminals are extensive in character. The available terminals appear ample to meet all requirements. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The cost of engineer- ing studies for raising bridges and guard gates, lowering sills and placing bank'protection at various locations between Waterford and Oswego, N. Y. and inspection of work under contract at locks 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 10, Erie Canal was $2,177 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced in September 1935 and is about 79.2 percent complete. The status of the channel deepening and widening is as follows: Distance (miles) Work remaining to From- To- Com- be done pleted to project Work in Future depth progress work Hudson River ----------------- Guard gate 2 at Waterford .................---- 2.6 ---------- 0.2 Guard gate 2 at Waterford ..------------ Lock 10 at Cranesville-------- 32.2 Lock 10 at Cranesville_---------------.... Lock 16 at Mindenville--...... 36.1 Lock 16 at Mindenville-------------- ................ Guard gate 5 at Herkimer. 15.5 --------- 0.7 Guard gate 5 at Herkimer .......------------.. Oswego Harbor ..... ..--------------- 96,7 ...........--------------.......-------------.....---------- Total (184 miles)--- 183.1 ..------ 0.9 Thirty-five barge canal bridges have been raised and one length- ened to project clearance with Federal funds under this improve- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 157 ment. Project vertical clearance has been provided at two addi- tional bridges with Federal funds by construction of additional spillway capacity at Herkimer, N. Y. Three additional bridges were raised, 4 were removed and 2 were removed and replaced by new structures at project clearance; all by other agencies. The present depth is 14 feet at normal pool levels for the follow- ing width: 75 feet in earth cuts, 94 in rock cuts, and 200 feet in canalized rivers and lakes. The 29 locks, 22 in Erie Canal east of Three Rivers Point, and 7 in Oswego Canal, north of Three Rivers Point, have a clear width of 43.5 feet, usable length of 300 feet, and depth over miter sills of 12 feet except for locks 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10, Erie Canal where sills have been lowered to project depth of 13 feet. Numerous fixed bridges transmission lines, and other structures span the waterways. There are 68 bridges between Waterford and Three Rivers Point and 13 between Three Rivers Point and Oswego. The minimum clearance under existing bridges and other overhead structures is 14.66 feet above maximum navigable stage. Work of lowering lock sills to project depth is being prosecuted by the State of New York in conjunction with contracts for neces- sary maintenance of lock structures. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of widening and deepening the channel by excavation, including the removal of ledge rock and work incidental thereto, for a total distance of 0.9 mile, as described in the above table, the raising of 21 barge canal bridges, the raising of 4 guard gates, the revetment of banks with quarry stones where necessary and the deepening to 13 feet through 19 locks. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $22,781,623, for new work-$17,968,223 was from regular funds and $4,813,400 from emergency relief funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated------- -$52,338 ------------ $10,000 -$6,000 $10,000 $22,790,496 Cost-_--------- -- -$20,667 $1,499 1,506 1,739 2,177 22,781,623 1 Exclusive of $38,338 held in reserve by Office, Chief of Engineers for future requirements. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $8, 873 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1____________________ 6, 010, 000 14. NEW YORK HARBOR: ENTRANCE CHANNELS AND ANCHORAGE AREAS Location. The works included under the above title are in the upper and lower bays, New York Harbor. The harbor is 330 miles southwest by water of Boston Harbor, Mass., and 165 miles north- east of the entrance to Delaware Bay, N. J. and Del. 158 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The upper bay extends southerly from the junction of Hudson and East Rivers opposite the Battery, New York City, a distance of about 51/2 miles to the Narrows. The lower bay extends from the Narrows to the sea, a distance of about 9 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 369.) Existing project. This provides for the Ambrose Channel 45 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide, extending from the sea to deep water in the lower bay, length about 10.2 miles; for the Anchorage Channel, an extension of Ambrose Channel, with the same depth and width, in the upper bay, opposite the anchorage grounds, length about 5.7 miles; for Bayside-Gedney Channel 35 feet deep and 800 feet wide, extending from the sea to the junction with Main Ship Channel, length about 6.2 miles; for the Main Ship Channel 30 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, extending from Bay- side-Gedney Channel to deep water in the lower bay, length about 5.3 miles; for the removal of Craven Shoal to a depth of 30 feet; for a channel 16 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and about 2.3 miles long, extending from bell buoy 23 to Hoffman and Swinburne Islands for an irregularly triangular-shaped anchorage area in the south- erly half of Red Hook Flats (approximately 442 acres in extent), 40 and 30 feet deep; an anchorage in the vicinity of Liberty (Bedloe) Island (about 160 acres in extent) 20 feet deep, and for a channel along the New Jersey pierhead line connecting Kill Van Kull with deep water in Anchorage Channel, south of the Liberty Island anchorage, 20 feet deep for a width of 500 feet with widening at bends to 800 feet and a length of about 3 miles. The project depths refer to mean low water. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $17,719,- 000. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $472,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 5, 1884 Main Ship-Bayside-Gedney to 30 feet for width of Annual Reports, 1887, p. 62, and 1,000 feet (dimensions fixed by Secretary of War, 1888, p. 63. Dec.27, 1886, by authority of the act of Aug. 5, 1886). Mar. 3, 1899 Ambrose Channel (East Channel) to 40 feet-__ --- H. Doc. 159, 55th Cong., 3d sess. (Annual Report 1899, p. 1279.) June 25, 1910 Maintenance of entrance channel under 1 head. Aug. 8, 1917 Anchorage Channel, the extension of Ambrose Chan- H. Doc. 518, 63d Cong., 2d sess. nel into Upper Bay. Do-.... Removal of Craven Shoal---------------------- H. Doe. 557, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Do_....-. Channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and H. Doec. 625, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Swinburne Islands. July 3, 19 0 Relocation of southerly section of Anchorage Channel- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 18, 71st Cong., 2d sess. 1 Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging south end of Red Hook Flats, Liberty H. Doc. 183, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Island anchorage, and channel along New Jersey pierhead line. Do-... Deepening Bayside-Gedney Channel to 35 feet for a H. Doec. 133, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' width of 800 feet. Aug. 26, 1937 Deepening Ambrose and Anchorage Channels to 45 Senate Committee print, 75th feet for a width of 2,000 feet. Cong., 1st sess.' 1Contain latest published maps. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 159 Terminal facilities. The harbor consists of Upper Bay and Lower Bay. In the Upper Bay there are 48 terminals with a total berthage of 73,276 feet. In addition there are 6 car-float (railroad) bridges and 3 ferry terminals consisting of 7 slips. These terminals are located along the westerly shore of the bay, from St. George, Staten Island, to the Narrows and from Con- stable Hook, Bayonne, to Ellis Island. The terminals along the Brooklyn waterfront are reported under Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels. The Lower Bay is largely underdeveloped, the ter- minals being confined to Gravesend Bay where there are 8 termi- nals with a total berthage of 13,233 feet. Of the terminals in the harbor, 46 are equipped with mechanical-handling devices, and 34 have railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons and attendant plant were employed from November 1, 1955, to November 19, 1955, in dredging to restore the Red Hook Flats anchorage to its authorized dimensions. Dur- ing the fiscal year 316,800 cubic yards, place measurement, of ma- terial were removed at a cost of $110,213, including $4,588 for pre- liminary engineering and predredging surveys for maintenance. The U. S. derrick boat Babcock was employed intermittently from April 10, 1956, to April 21, 1956, in removing shoals in Bay- side-Gedney Channels. During the fiscal year 3,135 cubic yards, scow measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $15,894, including $662 for preliminary engineering and predredging sur- veys for maintenance. The total cost of work was $126,107 for maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced in 1885 and is about 95 percent complete. Main Ship and Bayside-Gedney Channels were completed to a depth of 30 feet in February 1891. The deepening of Bayside- Gedney Channel to 35 feet for a width of 800 feet was completed in June 1939. Ambrose Channel was completed to a depth of 40 feet for a width of 2,000 feet in April 1914, and was substantially com- pleted to a depth of 45 feet for a width of 2,000 feet in 1951. Relocation of Anchorage Channel was completed to a depth of 40 feet in October 1932. The center 800 feet was dredged to 45 feet in June 1947 and the westerly 600-foot strip in April 1948. The easterly 600-foot strip was substantially completed in June 1953. The channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and Swin- burne Islands was completed in December 1920 up to within 300 feet of the southerly limits of the project. The dredged channel meets all the needs of navigation and no further work of im- provement is contemplated for the present. The channel along the New Jersey pierhead line from Kill Van Kull to Anchorage Channel was completed in March 1939. Widening at bends near the southerly and northerly ends author- ized in 1948 has not yet been done. The Red Hook Flats anchorage was completed to 40 and 30 160 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 feet and the Liberty (Bedloe) Island anchorage was completed to 20 feet in October 1944. The controlling mean low water depths of the channels included in this project are as follows: Depth Width Section (feet) (feet) Date Ambrose Channel-----.------------------. .... 44 2,000-1,000 March 1954-June 1956. Main Ship Channel_----__-___,__..-. --.---------- 30 1,000 March 1953-December 1954. Bayside-Gedney Channel__--------------------- 35 800-550 June 1955-April 1956. Anchorage Channel....------------------------------ 45 2,000-1,700 August 1956. Craven Shoal-_-_ _-____-__-__ - -- 130 ------------- July 1931. Channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and Swinburne Islands: Buoy 23 to Hoffman Island_-------------------- 13 200-100 November 1943. Hoffman Island to Swinburne Island--......... 10 200-120 Do. Red Hook Flats anchorage: 40-foot area.------------------.......... -_ 40 ------------- May 1956. 30-foot area..-------------------------------- 30 ------------- May-October 1954. Liberty (Bedloe) Island anchorage-____------ -2 20 ------------- January 1950. Along New Jersey pierhead line_- ----.------ ___ 19 500-200 February-March 1948. 1 Except for a shoal 100 by 600 feet with least depth of 27 feet located along westerly channel line. 2Except for scattered shoals along the westerly side having a minimum depth of 12 feet. The work remaining to be done under the existing project con- sists of widening the existing 500-foot channel along the New Jersey pierhead line to 800 feet at the southerly and northerly bends. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $21,412,144-$16,656,895 for new work, including $116,530 ap- plied to removing wrecks authorized by acts prior to the adopt- tion of the existing project, and $4,755,249 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .------- _. $400,000 $482,000 -$1,068 ------------------------ $16,656,895 Cost_ -----------_ 309,326 480,503 429 ------------------------ 16,656,895 Maintenance: Appropriated----- _ 134,394 17,000 450,640 $324,163 $125,700 4,758,351 Cost--------...... --- 18,177 119,516 458,509 325,768 126,107 4,755,249 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________ $1,062, 000 15. NEW YORK HARBOR-COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF DRIFT Location. This project applies to the Lower and Upper Bays, New York Harbor; East River, Harlem River, Hudson Channel, N. Y., New York and New Jersey Channels, Newark Bay, N. J., and their tributaries. Existing project. This provides for the collection and removal of drift from New York Harbor and its tributary waters, and au- thorizes the Secretary of War to allot such amounts as may be necessary for the work from appropriations for maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works or other available RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 161 appropriations, and that this work shall be carried as a separate and distinct project. It is wholly a work of maintenance. The purpose of the work is to afford relief from variable conditions of obstruction, and no advance estimate of the amount of work required and its proper cost can be made. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $415,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 4, 1915 Allotment from appropriations made for New York Aug. 8, 1919 Harbor and its immediate tributaries may be used for collection and removal of drift in these water- ways. July 3, 1930 Carrying on this work as a separate and distinct project. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. drift col- lector Driftmaster, steam lighter Gorham, motor tenders Daly and Stanwix and auxiliary plant were assigned to the work of re- moving and disposing of drift when not employed on other work. There were removed and disposed of during the fiscal year 449,408 cubic feet (3,511 cords) of driftwood, ranging in size from small blocks to timbers of large dimensions, including piles and pieces of wreckage. The cost of this work was $307,522 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is one of continuous maintenance for which no percentage of completion exists. Navigation has been made safer by the continual patrol of the harbor and the removal of large quantities of drift mate- rial. The total cost of operations to June 30,1956, amounted to $5,365,431 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated--........__ $304,500 $237,225 $266,000 $323,500 $306,743 $5, 365,431 Cost---------.----___ 301,688 240,907 267,561 322,752 307,522 5,365,431 16. NEWARK BAY, HACKENSACK AND PASSAIC RIVERS, N. J. Location. Newark Bay is an estuary about 11/4 miles wide and 6 miles long extending southerly from the confluence of the Hackensack and Passaic Rivers to New York and New Jersey Channels. The Hackensack River rises near Haverstraw, Rgckland County, N. Y., and flows into Newark Bay. It is about 45 miles long. The Passaic River rises in the highlands of northeastern New Jersey and flows into Newark Bay. It is about 80 miles long. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 285 and 287.) 162 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, June 10, 1872, June 14, 1880, June 13, 1902, March 2, 1907, July 25, 1912, March 2, 1919, and September 22, 1922. For further details see pages 265 and 266 of Annual Re- port for 1926; page 301, Annual Report for 1929; and page 244, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. Newark Bay: A main channel 37 feet deep in rock and 35 feet deep in other material, 550 feet wide at the entrance and narrowing to 400 feet at 4,000 feet above the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge; thence continuing to that width and same depths to the branch channel to Port Newark Terminal; thence 32 feet deep and 400 feet wide to the junction of the Passaic and Hackensack River channels; removal of the east and west cutoffs at the junction with Kill Van Kull and widening of bend above the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge to the same depths, a distance of about 4.7 miles. b. A branch channel in Newark Bay 37 feet deep in rock and 35 feet deep in other material, 600 feet wide to the inshore channel at Port Newark terminal, widened at the turn; thence an inshore channel of the same depths and 400 feet wide; a total distance of about 1.6 miles. c. Hackensack River: A channel 34 feet deep in rock and 32 feet deep in other material, 400 feet wide from the upper end of the Newark Bay Channel to the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge, a distance of 1.1 miles; thence with the same depths and 300 feet wide to a point about 2,000 feet north of the Delaware, Lack- awanna and Western Railroad bridge, a distance of 2.8 miles, with a turning basin 25 feet deep at the upper end of the channel; thence 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, to Little Ferry, a distance of 10.1 miles; thence 12 feet deep, 150 feet wide to the New York, Susquehanna and Western Railroad bridge, a distance of 2.5 miles. The total length about 16.5 miles. d. Passiac River: A channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide, from Newark Bay to a point 3,000 feet above the Lincoln High- way Bridge, 2.6 miles; thence 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide to the Jackson Street Bridge, 2 miles; thence 16 feet deep and 300 feet wide to the Nairn Linoleum Works, 2.4 miles; thence 16 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the Montclair & Greenwood Lake Rail- road bridge, about 1.1 miles; thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide to the Eighth Street Bridge at Passaic, 7.3 miles, a total distance for the Passaic River of 15.4 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range in Newark Bay is 4.9 feet; in Hackensack River at Court Street Bridge, 5.3 feet; in Passaic River at Pennsylvania Railroad freight bridge, 5.2 feet; and in Passaic River at the Gregory Avenue Bridge, 5.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.8, 6.4, 6.2, and 6.1 feet, respectively; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.7 feet below mean low water up to 6.2 feet above mean high water. The estimated cost for new work for the active portion of proj- ect consisting of the channels described above, revised (1956) is RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 163 $11,108,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $350,000. The dredging in Passaic River to a depth of 20 feet and a width of 300 feet from the Jackson Street Bridge to the Nairn Linoleum Works, a distance of about 2.4 miles is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing description of the existing project and the cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $1,183,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 16-foot channel in Passaic River ----------------- H. Doc. 441, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Feb. 27, 1911 Widening 16-foot channel in Passaic River ......... Do. July 25, 1912 20-foot channel in Passaic River 1----- . Doc. 707, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Do .....-- 12-foot channel in Hackensack River-------------- H. Doc. 643, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Jan. 21, 1927 10-foot channel in Passaic River ----------------- H. Doc. 284, 69th Cong., 1st sess.2 Do .---- 30-foot channel in Hackensack River above Central H. Doc. 429, 69th Cong., 1st sess. R.R. of New Jersey bridge. 2 July 3, 1930 30-foot channel in Passaic River ----------------- H. Doc. 156, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 35 and 37 feet in main channel of Newark Bay and S. Doc. 250, 79th Cong., 2d sess. branch channel to and inshore channel at Port Newark Terminal and removal of portion of rock area at Bergen Point to same depths. Do-...... Modification of local cooperation for 10-foot channel H. Doc. 430, 76th Cong., 1st sess. .in Passaic River. 2 Sept. 3, 1954 34- and 32-foot channel in Hackensack River includ- H. Doc. 252, 82d Cong., 1st sess. ing approach channel in Newark Bay from the branch channel at Port Newark Terminal and a 25-foot turning basin. 1 Portion from 3,000 feet above Lincoln Highway Bridge to Jackson Street Bridge completed. From Jackson Street Bridge to Nairn Linoleum Works considered inactive. 2 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with as required by the River and Harbor Act approved January 21, 1927, except that local interests are required to provide suitable spoil-disposal areas for maintenance dredging in the 30-foot channel in the Hackensack River above Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge; in the 10-foot channel in the Passaic River; and whenever re- quired by the Secretary of War, for dredging in the 30-foot chan- nel in Newark Bay and the Hackensack River below the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge, as required by the River and Harbor Act approved September 22, 1922. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests shall: a. Agree to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas needed for new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; b. Hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages resulting from the improvements; c. Provide and maintain suitable berthing areas at Port Newark terminal. Assurances providing compliance with the local cooperation requirements under this act were accepted by the Chief of Engi- neers on March 22, 1950. In addition, the sum of $285,600 was contributed by the Port of New York Authority to cover the cost 164 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 of dredging the berthing areas at Port Newark Terminal, which work was completed by the United States in conjunction with the excavation of the project channel during 1951. It further provided, for the 10-foot channel in Passaic River from Montclair & Greenwood Lake Railroad bridge to the Eighth Street Bridge in Passaic, that when spoil-disposal areas are not available, or the placing of dredge spoil ashore is uneconomical as compared with other methods of disposal, local interests shall not be required to furnish disposal areas for maintenance dredg- ing. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, further pro- vides that local interests shall agree to: a. Furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial construction, and for subsequent maintenance when and as re- quired; b. Provide depths commensurate with the channel depth in ap- proaches and berths at the terminals of the companies which would use the improvement; and c. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvement. Terminal facilities. Along the waterways of this project there are 142 terminals with a total berthage of 58,276 feet as well as a large shipyard. Of these, Port Newark, which is owned and operated by the New York Port Authority, provides about 10,625 feet of wharfage. Fifty-seven of the terminals are equipped with mechanical-handling devices and 54 have railroad connections. Six of the terminals aggregating a berthage of 1,789 feet are not used for waterborne commerce. These facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons was employed from March 10, 1956, to March 26, 1956, in dredging to restore the branch and inshore channels at Port Newark to their authorized dimensions. During the fiscal year 198,700 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $93,867, including $7,386 for pre- liminary engineering and predredging surveys for maintenance. By use of Government plant and hired labor, stumps and snags, which formed a potential menace to navigation, were removed from Passaic River during the fiscal year at a cost of $3,721 for mainte- nance. The total cost of the work was $97,588 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced August 1907 and is about 89 percent com- plete. The channels included in the project have been completed to full project dimensions except for deepening the 20-foot main channel in Passaic River from Jackson Street to Nairn Linoleum Works. Deepening of the 35-foot main channel in Newark Bay, including the triangular cutoffs at the entrance was completed during April 1952. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 165 The controlling mean low water depths of the various chan- nels, as shown by surveys made intermittently from September 1939 to April 1, 1956, are as follows: Depth Width Section (feet) (feet) In Newark Bay from mouth to junction with branch channel to Port Newark terminal---- --------------------------------------------------------. 35 535-400 From junction with branch channel to Port Newark Terminal to junction of Hackensack and Passaic Rivers_ ___ -- _____- - - - __._____ - -- __ - 30 400-380 From branch Channel in Newark Bay to inshore channel at Port Newark Ter- minal -------------------------------------------------------------------...... 35 600-400 In Hackensack River from Newark Bay to about 2,000 feet above the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R R bridge_ ___-----___---------------_____- _ 30 400-220 From 2,000 feet above Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R R bridge to head of project at the New York, Susquehanna & Western R R bridge .--------------. 12 200-130 In Passaic River from Newark Bay to 1900 feet upstream from Junction Light___ 30 300 From 1900 feet upstream from Junction Light to 3,000 feet above Lincoln High- way Bridge ---------------------------------------------------------- 22 300-200 From 3,000 feet above Lincoln Highway Bridge to Jackson Street Bridge _.... 17 300-180 From Jackson Street Bridge to Nairn Linoleum Works_ __ ____ __ ____ 15 300-150 From Nairn Linoleum Works to Montclair & Greenwood Lake R R bridge 12 150 100 From Montclair & Greenwood Lake R R bridge to 8th Street Bridge 10 150-70 Minimum widths through bridge draws: Hackensack River: Feet 30-foot project .... 145 12-foot project -------- __ 56 Passaic River: 30-foot project -- 100 20-foot and 16-foot projects------------------- 70 10-foot project _____ __- -- - -- 45 Hackensack River is navigable 201/ miles above mouth to New Milford. Passaic River is navigable 16 miles above mouth to Dundee Rapids. The work remaining to be done under the exist- ing project consists of the completion of the 32-foot main chan- nel in Newark Bay, the 32-foot channel in Hackensack River, with a turning basin 25 feet deep, at the upper end of the channel and the 20-foot channel in Passaic River from Jackson Street to the Nairn Linoleum Works. Work in the Passaic River includes the re- moval of a small quantity of rock on the west side of the channel above Center Street Bridge. Adjacent property owners are op- posed to this work. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, exclu- sive of $285,600 contributed funds, was $12,877,651-$9,017,959 for new work and $3,859,692 for maintenance. 166 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .------- _ $732,000 $107, 898----------------- - - -- $10,773,280 Cost _- - - 1,440,201 1,586 -- - 10,773,280 Maintenance: Appropriated ...--_ 3,987 554,900 -$7,604 -$3,098 $97,588 4,998,060 Cost-_-_. 3,416 424,134 120,664 ------------- 97,588 4,998,060 1 Includes $1,755,321 for new work and $1,138,368 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $285,600 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-.____.... 3 $3, 273, 000 3 Inclusive of $1,183,000 estimated additional amount needed to complete inactive portion of existing project. 17. NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY CHANNELS Location. These channels extend from deep water northwest of Sandy Hook, through lower New York Bay and Raritan Bay, to Perth Amboy, and thence through Arthur Kill, lower Newark Bay, and Kill Van Kull to deep water in upper New York Bay. This route is located approximately along the boundary line between the States of New York and New Jersey. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 285, 286, and 369.) Previous projects. a. Raritan Bay. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, and June 3, 1896. b. Staten Island Sound. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, March 3, 1875, June 14, 1880, August 11, 1888, May 15, 1889, and October 20, 1890, June 3, 1896, June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910, and March 4, 1913. c. New York and New Jersey channels. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 284 of the Annual Report for 1923, and page 194 of the Annual Re- port for 1934. Existing project. This provides for a channel through lower New York Bay, Raritan Bay, Arthur Kill, lower Newark Bay, and Kill Van Kull to upper New York Bay, the depth to be 37 feet in rock and 35 feet in soft material throughout, the width to be 600 feet across lower New York Bay and Raritan Bay and in the Ar- thur Kill to a point 1,000 feet north of Smith Creek, widened to 800 feet in the vicinities of Seguine Point and Wards Point, re- spectively, thence 500 feet wide to a point 1,000 feet south of Piles Creek, thence 500 to 600 feet wide and passing north of Shooters Island and protected by a dike on its northern side to the junction of the channel into Newark Bay; and thence 800 feet wide through Kill Van Kull to upper New York Bay; with 2 anchorages 38 feet deep to accommodate 5 vessels each, 1 in the vicinity of Sandy Hook and 1 south of Perth Amboy, all with suitable easing at the bends and junctions. Length of section included in proj- ect, 30.8 miles. In addition, the construction of a dike north of Shooters Island and two secondary channels 30 feet deep and 400 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 167 feet wide, one south of Shooters Island and the other in Raritan Bay connecting with Raritan River, have been completed under previous projects and are maintained under the existing project. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean range of tides varies between 4.7 and 5.1 feet; the mean range of spring tides, 5.6 to 6.1 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 6.9 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $62,707,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $7,712 contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1956, is $579,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts : Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 6, 19311 Anchorage off Perth Amboy to 33 feet ------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 17, 71st Cong., 2d sess. S May 28,19352 Channel 35 feet deep from lower bay to upper bay, H. Doc. 133, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 except between vicinity of Smith Creek and vicinity of Piles Creek to 30 feet with anchorages 38 feet deep at Sandy Hook and Perth Amboy. May 17, 1950 Channel 35 feet deep from vicinity of Smith Creek to H. Doc. 233, 81st Cong., 1st sess. vicinity of Piles Creek. 1Public Works Administration. 2 Emergency Relief Act of 1935. 3 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Work under the acts of May 28, 1935, and August 30, 1935, is subject to the following conditions of local cooperation: a. That where the project channel encroaches upon upland property and extends shoreward of harbor lines, the completion of the encroaching portions of the project shall be deferred until the necessary rights-of-way for channel purposes shall have been granted free of cost to the United States; and b. That local interests provide areas of land adjacent to the waterway, free of cost to the United States, for the disposal of dredged materials, except where, in the judgment of the Chief of Engineers, no suitable disposal areas exist. Under condition a, a portion of Buckwheat Island necessary for channel purposes has been ceded to the United States. An ease- ment dated August 4, 1942, approved by the Chief of Engineers on September 5, 1942, conveyed to the United States, free of cost, rights-of-way for channel purposes at Howland Hook, Staten Island, N. Y. Condition b is being complied with. Authority was granted by the Chief of Engineers on November 11, 1935, to require local interests to provide areas for the disposal of dredged material only in the section of the waterway extending from the vicinity of Outerbridge Crossing at Perth Amboy to the vicinity of the channel north of Shooters Island. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provides that local interests shall: a. Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construc- 168 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 tion and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as re- quired. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project. c. Deepen the approaches and berths at the terminals which would use the recommended improvement in order to secure the full advantages of the deeper channel. Assurances of compliance with the above conditions were ac- cepted by the Secretary of the Army on March 4, 1954. Under condition a, portions of Pralls Island necessary for channel pur- poses have been ceded to the United States. Terminal facilities. There are 187 terminals with a total berthage of 119,916 feet. In addition, there are 7 ferry landings, and 2 car float (railroad) bridges. Of the terminals, 101 are equipped with mechanical-handling devices, and 80 have railroad connections. Included in the terminals are five large shipyards. Five of the terminals with a berthage of 1,693 feet are not used for waterborne commerce. Two of the terminals have marine rail- ways. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for the removal of ledge rock and other material to a depth of 37 feet in section 4, rock area 5, in the east half of the channel, south of Pralls Island, work was commenced December 1, 1954, and completed July 26, 1955. During the fiscal year 4,296 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $27,860 for new work. Under a contract for the removal of ledge rock and other mate- rial to a depth of 37 feet in section 4, rock area 16, in the westerly half of the channel on the south side of the Rahway River, work was commenced March 29, 1955, and completed February 10, 1956. During the fiscal year 176,770 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $931,190 for new work. Under a contract for the removal of ledge rock and other ma- terial to a depth of 37 feet in section 4, rock area 2, opposite Grasselli, work was commenced May 10, 1955, and completed February 21, 1956. During the fiscal year 384,837 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $1,117,- 164 for new work. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 35 feet in section 4, area 4, Storys Flats to Smoking Point, work was commenced January 25, 1956, and completed on May 31, 1956, at a cost of $631,799 for new work. Under a contract for the removal of ledge rock and other ma- terial to a depth of 37 feet in section 4, rock area 9, in the vicinity of Lakes Island, work was commenced October 11, 1955, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year 91,818 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were re- moved at a cost of $1,218,332 for new work. Engineering and design was performed during the fiscal year for removal of ledge rock and other material to a depth of 37 feet RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 169 in section 4, rock area 8, Pralls Island to Tremley Point, at a cost of $7,880 for new work. Engineering and design was performed during the fiscal year for removal of ledge rock and other material to a depth of 37 feet in section 4, rock area 7, in the east half of the channel, opposite Tremley Point, at a cost of $8,101 for new work. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 35 feet in the chan- nel north of Shooters Island, work was commenced June 2, 1955, and completed November 23, 1955. During the fiscal year 460,534 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of of $378,738 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $3,942,326 for new work and $378,738 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced October 1933, and is about 79 percent complete. Work completed thus far has consisted of providing project depth of 35 feet in soft material and 37 feet in rock, 600 feet wide, through lower New York Bay, Raritan Bay, and Arthur Kill to a point 1,000 feet north of Smith Creek, except in the vicinity of Seguine Point, where the width is 400 feet, the channel for full width from 1,000 feet south of the former location of Buckwheat Island through Kill Van Kull to upper New York Bay; and of providing depths of 37 and 25 feet in Perth Amboy anchorage. In addition to the above-mentioned work, the construction of a dike north of Shooters Island, two secondary channels 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide, one south of Shooters Island, the other in Raritan Bay connecting with Raritan River and a channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide in Arthur Kill from a point 1,000 feet north of Smith Creek to 1,000 feet south of the former location of Buckwheat Island have been completed under previous projects. The controlling mean low water depths of the channel included in the project are as follows: Depth Width Section (feet) (feet) Date From Main Ship Channel to Wards Point--------------- 35 800-400 May-June, 1956. From Wards Point to Sewaren___ ---------------------- 33 600-500 March-April, 1954. From Sewaren to south of Lakes Island ----------------- 31 500-300 June 1951-April 1956. From south of Lakes Island to Piles Creek_--------------- 30 500-350 June 1951-March 1956. From Piles Creek to Elizabethport ..---------------------- 35 600-500 June-August 1949. From Elizabethport to Bergen Point .------------------- 35 800-600 February-November 1955. From Bergen Point to Upper New York Bay-..---------- 35 800 March 1944- Jan. 1949. Channel south of Shooters Island_ _------------------- 30 400 March-May, 1953. Anchorage in the vicinity of Sandy Hook_-_ _ 21 ......--- . April 1951. Anchorage south of Perth Amboy ...------------------- 35 and 22 ...... May 1955. Channel in Raritan Bay connecting with Raritan River._ 28 400-200 April 1951. The work remaining to be done under the existing project con- sists of completing the deepening and widening of the entire chan- nel to dimensions authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1935, and May 17, 1950, and dredging the anchorage in the vicinity of Sandy Hook. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: 170 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost New work Maintenance Total Regular funds_..------__------------------------ $39,673,319 $3,136,187 $42,809,506 Public works funds_-__----------------------- - 807,000 ------------- 807,000 Emergency relief funds__ _- _-----_----- ----- 2,023,308 ------------- 2,023,308 Total United States funds_ ..------ __ _ -- 42,503,627 3,136,187 45,639,814 Contributed funds- -. ..--.----------------- - 7,712 --------------- 7,712 Total, all funds .-------......... _.........--------------- 42,511,339 3,136,187 45,647,526 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956123 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _ -__ $1,414,000 $894,000 $965,000 $2,000,000 $3,000,000 $54,572,085 1,800,124 1,753,917 Cost----............... 636,867 2,166,092 3,942,326 55,313,602 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------- 290,200 377,686 158,324 448,446 -33,934 4,296,567 Cost.--. 708,030 383,641 185,170 42,486 378,737 4,296,567 1Includes $12,809,975 for new work and $1,160,380 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $7,712 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3 Includes $6,621 for new work and $1,621 for maintenance of Lemon Creek, Staten Island, N. Y. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ -__ $8, 482 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------------- 4, 000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ______________----------- 4,008,482 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------------__ 16, 945, 000 18. RARITAN RIVER, N. J. Location. This river rises in the north-central part of New Jersey and flows in a general southeasterly direction into Raritan Bay, between Perth Amboy and South Amboy, about 24 miles by water south of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 375.) Previous projects. A survey of Raritan River for the improve- ment of New Brunswick Harbor was made in 1836. Subsequent projects were adopted by acts of June 18, 1878, and March 3, 1881. For further details, see page 1777 of Annual Report for 1915, page 359 of Annual Report for 1918, and page 259 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide extending from the turn in New York and New Jersey Channels near Great Beds Light to the Government wharf on the main channel, a distance of 5.8 miles widened to 600 feet for a length of 1,000 feet opposite the wharf to form a turning basin of same depth; thence a channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the Washington Canal, a distance of 3.0 miles; thence 10 feet deep in soft material, 11 feet deep in rock, and generally 100 feet wide with widening at bends to the Delaware and Raritan RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 171 Canal entrance at New Brunswick, a distance of 5 miles; and for a south channel, 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the junc- tion with the main channel at Keasby to the upper limit of the Titanium Pigment Co. property, a distance of 0.8 mile; thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide to the upper junction with the main channel at Crab Island, a distance of 2.4 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean range of tides is 5.1 feet at the mouth of the river and 5.6 feet at New Brunswick; mean range of spring tides, 6.1 and 6.6 feet, respectively. Irregular fluctuations due to winds and barometric pressure vary from 3.6 feet below mean low water up to 6.9 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed portion of the project consisting of the channels described above except for the upper 1,300 feet of the south channel was $1,171,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $66,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1956) approved estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $248,000. The dredging of the south channel to a depth of 10 feet and 150 feet wide for a length of 1,300 feet to the upper junction with the main channel at Crab Island is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $86,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts : Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1919 Channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Washington H. Doc. 1341, 62d Cong., 3d sess. Canal, thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide to canal locks and 10 feet deep through south channel.' July 3, 1930 Channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide up to New H. Doc. 127, 70th Cong., 1st sess. York & Long Branch RR. bridge. Do....... Channel 10 feet deep in earth and 11 feet in rock to H. Doc. 454, 70th Cong., 2d sess.2 New Brunswick. Width reduced to 100 feet. Do..-. .._Relocation of lower reach of south channel_---------.. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 31, 71st Cong., 2d sess.2 Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide to junction of Rivers and Harbors Committee main and south channels, thence of same depth in Doc. 74, 74th Cong., 2d sess.' south channel to Titanium Pigment Co. Oct. 17, 1940 Channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from junction Report on file in the Office, Chief of main and south channels to the Government of Engineers (report not printed). wharf, including a turning basin. ' Upper 1,300 feet of south channel, 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide is considered inactive. 2Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish spoil-disposal areas for the mainte- nance of .the 25-foot channel from New York & Long Branch Railroad bridge to junction of main and south channels, and in the south channel to the Titanium Pigment Co. property. Terminal facilities. There are 13 piers and bulkheads with a total berthage of 8,549 feet along the shores of Raritan River. The Government has established a large ammunition and storage depot and arsenal known as Raritan Arsenal on the river. One of the terminals is municipally owned and is leased to private interests. Nine of the terminals are equipped with mechanical- handling devices and 10 have railroad connections. In addition, 172 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 there is a boatyard with storage space for 100 craft. The ter- minals are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging in South Channel to a depth of 25 feet, work was com- menced December 9, 1955, and completed February 21, 1956. During the fiscal year 312,842 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $178,405 including $3,467 for engineering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys for maintenance. By use of Government plant and hired labor, stumps and snags were removed from the channel of the river during the fiscal year at a cost of $10,083 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $188,488 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced September 1919, and is about 96 percent com- plete. The main channel has been dredged 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the junction with New York and New Jersey Chan- nels to and including a turning basin of the same depth opposite the Government wharf, except for a shoal along the northerly chan- nel line in the vicinity of the Victory Bridge, thence 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the mouth of the Washington Canal, thence 10 and 11 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the Delaware & Raritan Canal outlet locks at New Brunswick. The south channel has been dredged 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide for a distance of 3,200 feet, thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide for a distance of 12,400 feet to within 1,300 feet of the junction with the main channel at Crab Island. The model study of Raritan River was completed in March 1952. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Depth Width Section (feet) (feet) Date In main channel from New York and New Jersey Chan- 25 300-170 April-November 1953. nels to junction with the south channel. From south channel junction to lower end of Government 17 300 April 1953-January 1955. wharf. From lower end of Government wharf to upper end of 17 300 April 1953-December Government wharf. 1954. Turning basin, opposite Government wharf-------------- 8 300-200 May 1951-December 1954. From upper end of Government wharf to the Washington 15 200-100 July 1946-July 1947. Canal. From Washington Canal to the Delaware & Raritan 10 100-40 July 1946. Canal lock at New Brunswick. In south channel to upper limit of Titanium Pigment dock 25 300 December 1955-January 1956. From upper limit of Titanium Pigment Co. dock to 9 150-50 December 1950. Crossman's dock. From Crossman's dock to junction with main channel 1 150-100 July 1947. opposite Crab Island. The work remaining to be done under the existing project is the dredging of the south channel to a depth of 10 feet and 150 feet wide for a length of 1,300 feet to the upper junction with the main channel at Crab Island, and the removal of a shoal along the northerly channel line in the vicinity of the Victory Bridge. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $3,- 908,268, $878,315 from regular funds, $292,685 from Ordnance RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 173 funds, and $66,000 from contributed funds, a total of $1,237,000 for new work, and $2,671,268 from United States funds for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-_ -----.... ------------.... ............------------ ------------ ..... $1,551,470 ...------------ Cost----------------- ------------ ------------------------------------ 1,551,470 Maintenance: Appropriated ........---- $119, 953 $133,863 $213,216 $157, 454 $188,488 2,782,687 Cost..............----------------. 116,802 138,826 212,278 159,766 188,488 2,782,687 1 Includes $673,155 for new work and $111,419 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $292,685 for new work was expended from Ordnance funds and $66,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ _ _-_ _ _ _ $86, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to complete inactive portion of existing project. 19. RARITAN RIVER TO ARTHUR KILL CUTOFF CHANNEL, N. J. Location. This channel is in the western portion of Raritan Bay, off Perth Amboy, and about 23 miles by water southwest of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 286.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 1 mile long, 20 feet deep at mean low water, and 800 feet wide, connecting the Raritan River channel with the southern end of the Arthur Kill channel, New York and New Jersey Channels project. Mean tidal range, 5.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 6.1 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.6 feet below mean low water up to 6.9 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $810,500. The latest (1956) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $82,000. The existing project was authorized by the Public Works Ad- ministration under date of September 6, 1933, and by River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935, (H. Doc. 50, 73d Cong., 1st sess.) which document contains latest published maps. Terminal facilities. There are 7 piers with a total available berthage of 2,671 feet and 1 ferry slip. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to restore project depth of 20 feet, work was com- menced January 24, 1955, and completed July 18, 1955. During the fiscal year 55,723 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $36,477 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1935. When examined in April 1953 and April to July 1955, the controlling mean low water depth through the channel was 19.6 feet for a width of 800 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $1,962,865--$810,500 Public Works funds for new work and $1,152,365 regular funds for maintenance. 174 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........ ------------------------------------------------------------ $810,500 Cost------- - ------------------------------------ ------------------------ 810,500 Maintenance: Appropriated------- ------------ $1,000 ------------ $217,500 -$36,330 1,152,365 Cost----------------------------- 303------------ 145,390 36,477 1,152,365 20. SHOAL HARBOR AND COMPTON CREEK, N. J. Location. Shoal Harbor is an indentation on the south shore of Sandy Hook Bay about 4 miles west of Sandy Hook. Compton Creek is a small stream rising on the west side of the Navesink Highlands and flowing north through the meadows into Shoal Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 369.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of Sep- tember 19, 1890. For further details, see Annual Report for 1934, page 211, and Annual Report for 1938, page 265. Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water extending from deep water in Sandy Hook Bay to the first bend in the creek, thence 8 feet deep to a point 1,000 feet upstream from the Main Street Bridge across Compton Creek with a width of 150 feet in the bay and 75 feet in- side the mouth of the creek, with widening at bends. The length of section included in the project is about 2 miles. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.8 feet below mean low water up to 5.9 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $221,000, exclusive of $138,000 to be contributed and amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $27,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 8-foot channel from the first bend in the creek to Main H. Doc. 58, 73d Cong., 1st sess. St. Bridge. Mar. 2, 1945 Extension of 8-foot channel to 1,000 feet upstream from H. Doc. 673, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Main St. Bridge. (Contains latest published map.) Sept. 3, 1954 12-foot channel in bay to the first bend in the creek.. H. Doc. 89, 82d Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that no work shall be undertaken until harbor lines have been established by the Secretary of War along that portion of Compton Creek extending 1,000 feet upstream from Main Street Bridge and until local interests have: a. Conveyed to the United States, free of cost, a perpetual ease- ment to excavate all lands above ordinary high water included RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 175 between said harbor lines and have removed all structures or parts thereof extending channelward of said harbor lines. b. Furnished, free of cost to the United States, suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material for new work and subsequent maintenance as needed. c. Given releases to hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages resulting from the improvement. d. Constructed the public wharf, assurances for which were fur- nished under the project of August 30, 1935, at a location and in accordance with plans to be approved by the Chief of Engineers and Secretary of War and given assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and that they will maintain this wharf open to all on equal and reasonable terms. The clerk of Middletown Township was notified of the conditions of local cooperation in letter dated January 18, 1946. A letter dated July 2, 1946, advised that the township committee has given assurances that it will comply with all of the above conditions. The requirements under prior acts have been fully complied with. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, further pro- vides that local interests contribute in cash 50 percent of the first cost of the work, and agree to: a. Furnish, without cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project; and c. Deepen to 14 feet the berths at the terminals along the im- proved section of the channel; and provided further that no work shall be undertaken until local interests have complied with the outstanding condition of local cooperation required under the existing project which pertains to the construction of a public wharf. Terminal facilities. There is one terminal with a total avail- able dockage of 1,460 feet located near the mouth of Compton Creek. The terminal is equipped with loading and unloading devices. It has railroad connections. Within the navigable sec- tions of the creek, there are about 35 small landings and 2 boat- yards equipped with 5 marine ways suitable for small fishing boats. The terminal is adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to restore project depth in the 8-foot channel to the Main Street Bridge, work was commenced on June 11, 1956, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year 10,400 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $9,654, including $4,232 for engineering preliminary to dredging and predredging surveys for maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced August 1936, and is about 11 percent complete. The controlling mean low water depth in the channel, when ex- amined in February 1956, was 8 feet for widths varying from 125 to 50 feet from Sandy Hook Bay to the stone jetty, thence 3 feet for widths varying from 75 to 50 feet to the Main Street Bridge. 176 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 From Main Street Bridge to the head of the project there was a controlling depth of 2 feet below mean low water for a width of 55 feet when examined in November 1939. The head of naviga- tion is at the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge about 1 mile above the mouth. The work remaining to be done under the project consists of deepening the channel to 12 feet from the bay to the first bend in the creek and to extend the 8-foot channel 1,000 feet upstream from the Main Street Bridge. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $193,378-$30,282 for new work and $163,096 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $47,282 Cost---------------.--- -- - ---- ----------------------------47,282 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... $632 .--------------------- ----------- $67,500 390,651 Cost----------------- 632 ---------------------------------- 9,654 332,805 1 Includes $17,000 for new work and $169, 709 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $139, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957______________________________ 139, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____ ______________________ 52, 000 21. SANDY HOOK BAY, N. J. Location. This bay is the southern portion of lower New York Bay, west of and adjoining the projecting arm of Sandy Hook, N. J. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 369 and 824.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a con- tinuous rubble-mound breakwater about 4,000 feet in length ex- tending eastward from the New Jersey Central Railroad steamboat dock at Atlantic Highlands, N. J., and dredging of the area in its lee and seaward of the new pierhead line to a depth of 8 feet at mean low water. Mean range of tides, 4.6 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind conditions vary from 1 to 2 feet above or below the mean range. The cost for new work for the completed project was $508,936, exclusive of $53,790 contributed by local interests. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $11,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. No. 292, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map, see the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except that local inter- ests must furnish easements and rights-of-way necessary for subse- quent maintenance as and when required. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 177 Terminal facilities. There are 3 piers, with a total berthage of 1,330 feet, located along the waterfront at Atlantic Highlands westerly of and adjacent to the anchorage area. One of these terminals has railroad connections. Under the conditions of local cooperation, 5 boat basins with mooring stalls and servicing facili- ties for pleasure boats were constructed. The existing terminals will be sufficient for present needs. There is ample space for additional wharves and boat basins should future needs warrant their construction. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 8 feet in the anchorage area, no dredging work was performed during the fisdal year. The costs of engineer- ing preliminary to dredging, predredging and condition surveys were $2,006 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1941. The breakwater was completed in 1940 and the anchorage area was completed in 1941. When examined in March 1956, project depth existed throughout the anchorage area, ex- cept for a shoal in the westerly area with a least depth of 3 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $513,013-$508,936 for new work and $4,077 for maintenance. ,In addition, the costs from contributed funds were $53,790 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------------------- .----.------ ---------- -- _ ------------ _ -- 1 $508,936 Cost------------------- ------------ _ ___------------_________ _-------------- ---------- 1508,936 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... ... $2,006 .....------------------------------------------------......4,077 Cost . .....-------------------------------------------- 2,006 4,077 1 In addition $53,790 was expended from contributed funds. 22. SHARK RIVER, N. J. Location. This is a small stream entering the Atlantic Ocean 20 miles south of Sandy Hook on the New Jersey coast. It is 40 miles by water south of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts, Nos. 795 and 1215.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 18 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide across the bar at the entrance to the inlet; thence 12 feet deep and generally 100 feet wide through main channel and south channel to the Route 35 bridge; thence 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the upper limit of the Belmar munici- pal boat basin, with additional depths and widths where necessary and practicable to produce satisfactory current velocities at bridges; and an anchorage 12 feet deep over about 7.3 acres east of Route 4-N bridge. The length of section included in the project is about 1.7 miles. Mean tidal range at the mouth is 4 feet; mean range of spring tides 4.8 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind 178 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 and barometric pressure vary from 2.6 feet below mean low water up to 8.4 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $150,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $65,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 102, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest pub- lished map, see project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for main- tenance. Terminal facilities. Two yacht basins are located on the south shore of the lower portion of Shark River. One is publicly owned and has a berthage of 2,600 feet. Several boatyards, boathouses, and landings for commercial and recreational craft are located in the lower portion of Shark River. Additional terminals adequate for prospective commerce are expected to be provided ,upon im- provement of the waterway. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Hyde was employed intermittently from August 14, 1955, to September 30, 1955, in restoring the channel to project depth of 18 feet. During the fiscal year 38,500 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $56,322, in- cluding $1,439 for engineering preliminary to dredging and pre- dredging surveys for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced June 1947 and completed October 1947. The controlling mean low water depth, when examined in May 1955 and March 1956, was 8.4 feet for a width of 100 feet from Atlantic Ocean to Ocean Avenue Bridge; thence 7 feet for a width varying from 100 to 50 feet through Main Channel and South Channel to Route 35 bridge; thence 8 feet for a width of 100-70 feet to the head of the project. The controlling depth in the anchorage area was 7 feet below mean low water. The head of navigation is at the head of the lagoon, a distance of about 3 miles toward the south end and 21/2 miles to the north, both distances being measured from the mouth. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956 was $350,487-$150,000 for new work and $200,487 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------ -------------------------- - ----------- $150,000 Cost --- --------------------------------------------------------- ---- 150,000 Maintenance: Appropriated---....-------.. ----.. ------ $900 ----------------------- $58,494 202,659 Cost---------------- -----------....... 677 ------------------------ 56,322 200,487 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 179 23. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey conducted 1. Buttermilk Channel, N. Y ..................--------------------------- $660.15 June 1956. 2. Jamaica Bay, N.Y-------------------------------- 2.539.73 Do. Total cost during fiscal year---------------------- $3.199.88 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated ..------------------------------------------------ $29,605 $29,605 Cost ------------------- ..------------------------------------ 29,605 29,605 24. SUPERVISION OF NEW YORK HARBOR The laws enacted for the preservation of the tidal waters of New York Harbor, its adjacent or tributary waters, and the waters of Long Island Sound are administered by the Supervisor of New York Harbor. The Supervisor is charged under the laws with the duties of preventing any obstructive or injurious deposits in the waters under his jurisdiction and the prevention of any interfer- ence with safe navigation of the channels of the harbor by deep- draft vessels. The laws relating to the supervision of New York Harbor are the Act of Congress approved June 29, 1888 (25 Stat. 209), as amended by section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894 (28 Stat. 360), section 8 of the River and Harbor Act of May 28, 1908 (35 Stat. 424, 426), Act, February 16, 1909 (35 Stat. 623), and Act, July 12, 1952 (66 Stat. 596) ; section 2 of the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 18.94 (28 Stat. 360) ; and Act of Congress approved June 7, 1924 (Oil Pollution Act, 43 Stat. 604). Supervision was exercised by means of the U. S. Patrol Boats Active and San Luis II for a total of 12 boat months, three patrol launches for a total of 16 boat months, and shore patrol and in- spection. Patrols were maintained to insure that no obstructive or injurious material was deposited at places other than the desig- nated dumping grounds; to keep the main channels free of any interference to their safe navigation by deep-draft vessels; and to prevent the discharge into navigable waters of waste oil and sludge, rubbish, and other types of debris. The total cost of all work during the fiscal year, including the cost of operating the vessels and the work of the office for the supervision of New York Harbor to June 30, 1956, was $252,717. Summary of legal actions. The disposition of legal actions to the end of the fiscal year for violations of Act, June 29, 1888, as amended, and the Oil Pollution Act of 1924, is as follows: 180 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, T. S. ARMY, 1956 Number of cases reported to U. S. Attorney for prosecution: Prior to fiscal year 1956 ___---------------_ 1768 During fiscal year 1956_____ 26 Total ----------------------- 1794 Number of convictions obtained or cases settled by compromise: Prior to fiscal year 1956 .. - 1235 During fiscal year 1956_ 20 Total ---- 1255 Number of cases nolle prossed or discontinued: Prior to fiscal year 1956 ------------------------------------ 444 During fiscal year 1956 2 Total --------------------------------------------- 446 Number of cases dismissed after trial: Prior to fiscal year 1956- -- 58 During fiscal year 1956 1------------- Total __ _-------- ----- 59 Number of cases pending June 30, 1956 34 Grand total ____ ------ 1794 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 181 Summary of deposits. The amounts of material in cubic yards disposed of under the supervision of the Supervisor of New York Harbor since 1890, are as follows: Material deposited at the mouth of the harbor: From 1890 to 1955.-_ - - - _______ 861, 083, 808 Fiscal Year 1956: By United States Government plant in- cluding seagoing hopper dredges from Bayside-Gedney Channel, Newtown Creek, Hudson River Channel, Port Newark Entrance Channel, Red Hook Flats anchorage area----------------- 3, 173, 335 Operations by the United States under contract in maintenance and improve- ment of waterways------------------ 749, 811 Other than United States operations 9, 320, 540 13, 243, 686 874, 327, 494 Material deposited on shore, or behind bulkheads or dikes: From 1890 to 1955_-_ . ------ 543,983,395 Fiscal Year 1956: Operations by the United States under contract in maintenance and improve- ment of waterways- --- ____-____ 1, 549,631 Other than United States operations 10, 876, 974 192.42 RA .La, 'G, VVV 556,410, 000 Material deposited in Hudson River at various dumping grouinds: From 1907 to 1955---------------------- 33, 685, 505 Fiscal Year 1956_------------------_ 837, 160 34, 522, 665 Material deposited in Long Island Sound, Fishers Island Sound, Block Island Sound and Little Narragansett Bay: From 1890 to 1955_ -- ____ - -- ___-_____ 96, 176, 941 Fiscal Year 1956- ---____ -___ _______- 1,471,735 97, 648, 676 Grand total-_-----______-- --- _________ ____ 1,562, 908, 835 All material deposited 1890 to 1955------------------------1, 534, 929, 649 All material deposited fiscal year 1956_- -- _ --- __________ --- 27, 979, 186 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 Maintenance: Appropriated------- ....... $470,914 $315,955 $388,000 $250,000 $253,000 $11,593,938 Cost -- 342,310 457,494 386,240 249,448 253,294 11,593,655 182 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 25. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Port Chester H arbor, N . Y. (active) ........ 1953 1 $433,470 1 $140,729 (2) Port Chester Harbor, N. Y. (inactive)_.--- 1953 8 44$93,000 2. Mamaroneck Harbor, N. Y--___--- -------- 1952 4 5207,404 4 55, 475 (2) 3. Larchmont Harbor, N. Y_ 1916 a 76,065 211 (2) 4. Echo Bay Harbor, N. Y ---------- 1953 764,584 77,171 (2) 5. New Rochelle Harbor, N. Y .....------ 1949 873,214 22,030 (2) 6. East Chester Creek, N. Y------------------ 1953 9 1o592,057 to 380, 232 11665,000 7. Bronx River, N. Y.49(active) 1953 12131,149,946 13366,212 (2) Bronx River, N. Y.49(inactive) ----------- 1953 3 299,000 8. Harbor at Flushing Bay, N. Y.49(inactive). - 1953 14628,502 14210,365 3710,000 8a1 172,000 9. M anhasset Bay, N. Y.48(inactive) ....____- 1948 460 10. Hempstead Harbor, N. Y ..-------------... 1953 39,468 1668,698 (2) 11. Glen Cove Harbor, N . Y . (inactive) ........ 1911 72,000 31,038,000 12. Glen Cove Creek, N. Y. (inactive) _------ 1953 1729,760 29,522 318 70,000 13. Huntington Harbor, N. Y___ 1953 1971,535 51,556 11 o 73,000 14. Port Jefferson Harbor, N. Y. (inactive) .... 1954 21171,427 11,272 8 22 1,119,000 15. Greenport Harbor, N. Y _ 1953 74,681 18,464 (2) 16. Peconic River, N. Y _.........___.-_-.... 1953 25,000 108,388 (2) 17. Sag Harbor, N. Y-._ ..-------------------- 1953 121,805 1,766 (2) 18. Great South Bay, N. Y___ 1955. 2399,821 241,341 190,000 19. Browns Creek, N. Y.49(inactive) .. __........ 1951 33,976 92,507 8447,000 20. Orowoc Creek, N. Y.48________________ 1949 _-_--_11 24 59,000 ---------- 21. Sumpawanus (Babylon Creek) Inlet, N. Y.49 1895 7,000 (2) 22. Jamaica Bay, N. Y . .----------------- 1954 25 4,307,772 2586 127,918 11 965,000 23. Sheepshead Bay, N. Y--__------------ 1948 2633,828 3,763 (2) 24. Coney Island Channel, N. Y_____....____.._ 1954 111,371 219,142 (2) 25. Coney Island Creek, N. Y. (inactive) ....... 1952 69,489 1,622 2206,000 26. Gowanus Creek Channel, N. Y-------.---- 1954 27346,831 73,631 (2) 27. Buttermilk Channel, N. Y_ 1955 2829 1,941,918 85855, 782 111,424,000 28. East River, N. Y --- 1954 3030,037, 413 30 934,910 (2) 18,174 35,295 (2) 29. Wallabout Channel, N. Y_ ___-- 1953 30. Harlem River, N. Y ------------------ 1954 313,616,119 272,557 (2) 31. Irvington Harbor, N. Y.48(inactive)......... 1948 360 a 63,000 32. Tarrytown Harbor, N. ....------ Y_-- __-- 1951 69,836 57,944 (2) 33. Peekskill Harbor, N. Y--------------------- 1951 19,400 59,808 (2 ) _ 13,000 43,026 (2) 34. Wappinger Creek, N. Y ..__ 1950 1954 123,109 212,153 (2) 35. Rondout Harbor, N. Y---- 36. Saugerties Harbor, N. Y.50 1949 3281,905 3286, 294 (2) 49 37. Ticonderoga River, N. Y. (inactive) __--.... 1895 16,500 2383,000 38. Port Henry Harbor, N. Y - - - 1931 3369, 406 ----------------------------------------- 1,253 (2) 39. Narrows of Lake Champlain, N. Y. & Vt __ 1955 34681, 811 34311, 449 1,573,000 40. Otter Creek, Vt.49 (inactive)_ 5 1950 60,254 7,619 3 143,000 41. Burlington Harbor, Vt-_ 1954 706,414 282,307 (2) 42. Gordons Landing, Lake Champlain, Vt-..__ 1892 34,750 - -- ------ (2) 43. Plattsburg Harbor, N. Y..- - 1953 198,415 102,452 (2) 44. Channel between North and South Hero Islands, Lake Champlain, Vt.50so_._ ___49 1909 3731,000 (2) Champlain, Vt. __ 385 (2) 45. St. Albans Harbor, Lake 49 1917 3,125 4 6. S w an ton Har b or , Vt . (inac t iv e) ............. 1888 70,500 S2,010,000 (2) 47. Rouses Point, Lake Champlain, N. Y_..... 1895 98,468 18,000 (2) 48. Great Chazy River, N. Y_ 1895 49. Newark Bay, Hackensack and Passaic Rivers, N. J. (inactive) -.----------- 1954 81,183,000 50. Elizabeth River, N. J.48(inactive) ........... 1953 860,481 59,391 S190,000 51. Rahway River, N. J.48_ 1949 3937,000 307 52 200,000 52. Woodbridge Creek, N. J__ 1953 4049,823 177,673 (2) 53. Lemon Creek, S. I., N. Y.48(inactive) 54. Great Kills Harbor, N. Y__-------------. -- __-- 1937 1954 416,621 51137, 302 1,621 39,110 8200,000 (2) 55. Washington Canal and South River, N. J-- 1953 42 43206,116 43208,941 (2) 56. Cheesequake Creek, N. J.5so (inactive)-...... 1953 40,000 26,152 3333,000 1953 21,000 73,964 2 24,000 57. Matawan Creek, N. J.60 (inactive).......... 1953 40,475 174,755 (2) 58. Keyport Harbor, N. J.0__-_-_-_-_- 59. Way Cake Creek, N. J.48s s0 1949 53 126,000 60. Sandy Hook Bay at Leonardo, N. J.48..... 1950 11 94,000 61. Shrewsbury River, N. J.s60 -______ 1955 46 -- 687,457 --- 645,457 47637,000 1 Includes $74,995 for new work and $16,369 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Completed. a Estimated amount required to complete, revised in 1954. 4 Includes $80,724 for new work and $13,415 for maintenance for previous projects. 5 In addition, $18,728 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 6 Includes $5,000 for new work for previous projects. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 183 7Includes $47,368 for new work and $10 for maintenance for previous projects. 98 Includes $43,175 for new work for previous projects. In addition, $14,403 for new work was expended from contributed funds for previous projects. 10Includes $592,057 for new work and $380,232 for maintenance for previous projects. 11Estimated amount required to complete, revised in 1956. 12In addition, $10,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 18Includes $69,036 for new work and $26,921 for maintenance for previous projects. 14Includes $238,873 for new work and $206,411 for maintenance for previous projects. 15In addition, $50,000 to be contributed by local interests, but not forthcoming. 16 Costs of $564 were incurred during F.Y. 1956 on a condition survey. 17In addition, $29,774 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Is Exclusive of $70,000, to be contributed by local interests: 19Includes $22,500 for new work for previous projects. In addition, $19,546 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 20Exclusive of $31,454, to be contributed by local interests. 21Includes $80,200 for new work for previous projects. 22Exclusive of $57,000, to be contributed by local interests. 23 Includes $40,000 for new work for previous projects. 24In addition, $15,200, to be contributed by local interests. 25Includes $79,332 for new work and $2,961 for maintenance for previous projects. 26Includes $26,000 for new work for previous projects. 27Includes $75,000 for new work for previous projects. 28Includes $496,250 for new work for previous projects. 29Includes $122,051 public works funds. 80Includes $6,187,694 for new work and $37,664 for maintenance for previous projects. 1tIncludes $21,000 for new work for previous projects. 32Includes $42,000 for new work and $15,000 for maintenance for previous projects. a In addition, $10,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 84Includes $115,000 for new work and $19,140 for maintenance for previous projects. 86Costs of $660 were incurred during F.Y. 1956 on a reconnaissance survey. 36Costs of $2,540 were incurred during F.Y. 1956 on a reconnaissance survey. 87Includes $21,000 for new work for previous projects. 8 Includes $60,481 for new work and $58,791 for maintenance for previous projects. 39Includes $37,000 for new work for previous projects. 40Includes $19,000 for new work for previous projects. 41These amounts also included in report for New York and New Jersey Channels. No work has been done on the existing project for Lemon Creek. 42 In addition, $365 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 43Includes $157,224 for new work and $84,934 for maintenance for previous projects. 44Exclusive of $5,500 to be contributed. 45Includes $220,894 for new work and $286,606 for mauntenance for previous projects. 46 In addition, $36,311 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 47Exclusive of $86,000 to be contributed by local interests. 48Awaiting local cooperation. 49Improvement adequate for commerce. soNo commerce reported. ar In addition, $104,805 for new work expended from contributed funds. 52Estimated amount required to complete, revised in 1955. 26. WATERBURY RESERVOIR, WINOOSKI RIVER BASIN, VT. Location. .The Winooski River rises in the northeastern part of Vermont and flows westerly about 90 miles into Lake Cham- plain, about 4 miles north of Burlington, Vt. It lies wholly with- in the State and has a drainage area of about 1,080 square miles. The Waterbury Reservoir with a drainage area of 109 square miles is located in the Waterbury River, which enters the Winoo- ski River 42 miles above the mouth, about 2 miles below Water- bury, Vt. (See U. S. Geological survey map covering Camels Hump, Vt., quadrange.) Existing project. The existing dam is of rolled-earthfill type 1,800 feet long at its crest rising 155 feet above the stream bed, and providing a total storage capacity to 64,700 acre-feet, of which 27,900 acre-feet are reserved for flood control. This project provides for modification of the Waterbury Dam so as to accom- modate safely the maximum probable flood. The work consists of increasing the height of the dam 3 feet to elevation 633 feet mean sea level, the installation of one extra 35-foot tainter gate, thus providing a total of three gates and reducing the length of fixed crest spillway by 38 feet, the installation of a gasoline-engine generator for the emergency operation of the gates in case of power failure, riprapping new embankment, restoring road sur- 184 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 face and guard rails, extending the existing bridge over the new tainter gate section, and performing such incidental work as may be required. Construction of the Waterbury Reservoir was com- pleted in 1938 under authority granted by the Director, Emer- gency Conservation Work on June 2, 1933. The work was per- formed by the Civilian Conservation Corps under the supervision of the Chief of Engineers, United States Army. The estimated Federal cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $860,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 629, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, authorized the project subject to the condition that the State of Vermont give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that it will: a. Provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction. b. Hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages due to the construction works and due to inundation of the reservoir areas between the present and proposed maximum flow lines. c. Continue to maintain and operate the works after comple- tion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of War. In letter dated September 2, 1947, the Governor of the State of Vermont gave assurances that the State of Vermont would comply with all conditions of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance engineering and design was resumed. Contract plans and specifications were resumed, by contract, and were completed. Scheduling of reser- voir operations was in progress, by hired labor. The cost was $37,782, of which $37,378 for advance engineering and design was for new work and $404 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary engineering and contract plans and specifications have been completed. Construc- tion of protective works remains to be done. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $49,532 of which $46,632 was for new work, and $2,900 for maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 185 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated -- ------------------- $43,000 $52,253 Cost -.-.- 37,378 46,632 Maintenance: Appropriated__ ...... ___.-..._ $1,500 $1,000 400 2,900 Cost 1,494 1,002 404 2,900 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _ $1, 024 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___- 808, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957________________________________ 809, 024 27. WRIGHTSVILLE RESERVOIR, WINOOSKI RIVER BASIN, VT. Location. The Winooski River rises in the northeastern part of Vermont and flows westerly about 90 miles into Lake Cham- plain, about 4 miles north of Burlington, Vt. It lies wholly with- in the State and has a drainage area of about 1,080 square miles. The Wrightsville Reservoir with a drainage area of 68 square miles is located on the North Branch which enters the Winooski River 56 miles above the mouth at Montpelier, Vt. (See U. S. Geological survey map covering Montpelier, Vt., quadrangle.) Existing project. The existing dam is of rolled earthfill, 1,250 feet long with a maximum height of 95 feet, and providing a total storage capacity of 20,300 acre-feet, all of which is reserved for flood control. This project provides for modification of the Wrightsville Dam so as to accommodate safely the maximum probable flood. The work consists of increasing the height of the dam 20 feet to elevation of 715 feet mean sea level, thereby in- creasing the length about 275 feet, replacing existing spillway weir by a new concrete ogee spillway of larger section, replacing existing rockfill spillway wall with a new concrete wall, widen- ing existing rock spillway discharge channel, altering roadway, and performing such incidental work as may be required. Con- struction of the Wrightsville Dam was completed in 1935 under authority granted by the Director, Emergency Conservation Work, on June 2, 1933. The work was performed by the Civilian Conservation Corps under the supervision of the Chief of Engi- neers, United States Army. The estimated Federal cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $1,175,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The estimated non-Federal cost of land and other work to be pro- vided by local interests is $3,000. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 629, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, authorized the project subject to the condition that the 186 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 State of Vermont give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that it will: a. Provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction. b. Hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages due to the construction works and due to inundation of the reservoir areas between the present and proposed maximum flow lines. c. Continue to maintain and operate the works after comple- tion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of War. In letter dated September 2, 1947, the Governor of the State of Vermont gave assurance that the State of Vermont would comply with all conditions of local cooperation. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Advance engineering and design was resumed. Topographic surveys and design studies were completed by hired labor. Foundation exploration work was completed, and preparation of contract plans and specifications for construction was in progress, by contract. The cost of advance engineering and design was $72,551 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary plans have been completed and preparation of contract plans and specifications were 85 percent complete by the close of the fiscal year. Com- pletion of contract plans and specifications, and construction of project works remain to be done. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $117,191 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated--... ----------------...----......--..... ------------ .... ------------ $81,000 $125,640 Cost---- -------------------------- ---------------------- 72,551 117,191 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, -.---.. $764 1957 ___________ 1,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ______ __________ _____ 1, 000,764 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_________________ 49, 360 28. EAST BARRE RESERVOIR, WINOOSKI RIVER BASIN, VT. Location. The Winooski River rises in the northeastern part of Vermont and flows westerly for a distance of 90 miles to Lake Champlain, which it enters about 4 miles north of Burlington, Vt. It lies wholly within the State and has a drainage area of about 1,080 square miles. The East Barre Reservoir with a drainage area of 38.7 square miles is located on the Jail Branch, which enters the Winooski River 58.5 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey may covering Corinth, Vt., quadrangle.) FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 187 Existing project. The existing dam is of rolled earthfill, 1,040 feet long with a maximum height of 55 feet, and providing a total storage capacity of 12,050 acre-feet, all of which is reserved for flood control. This project provides for modification of the East Barre Dam so as to accommodate safely the maximum probable flood. The work consists of increasing the height of the dam 10 feet to elevation of 1,185 mean sea level, thereby increasing the length 420 feet, constructing a new concrete spillway with in- creased discharge capacity, relocating the outlet channel, altering roadways and performing such incidental work as may be re- quired. Construction of the East Barre Dam was completed in 1935 under authority granted by the Director, Emergency Con- servation Work on June 2, 1933. The work was performed by the Civilian Conservation Corps under the supervision of the Chief of Engineers, United States Army. The estimated Federal cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $2,200,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The estimated non-Federal cost of land and other work to be pro- vided by local interests is $122,000. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 629, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, authorized the project subject to the condition that the State of Vermont give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that it will: a. Provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments and rights-of-way necessary for the construction. b. Hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages due to the construction works and due to inundation of the reservoir areas between the present and proposed maximum flow lines. c. Continue to maintain and operate the works after comple- tion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of War. In letter dated September 2, 1947, the Governor of the State of Vermont gave assurances that the State of Vermont would com- ply with all conditions of local cooperation. Operations and results duringfiscal year. Advance engineering and design was resumed. Topographic surveys and design studies were completed by hired labor. Foundation exploration work was completed, and preparation of contract plans and specifications for construction was in progress, by contract. The cost of advance engineering and design was $35,856 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary plans have been completed and preparation of contract plans and specifications were 97 percent complete by the close of the fiscal year. Comple- tion of contract plans and specifications, and construction of proj- ect works remain to be done. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $118,757 for new work. 188 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 ._Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: - Appropriated........ -$9,099 --------.. ................------------------------ $39,000 $121,901 Cost----------------- -------------------------------------- 35,856 118,757 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____--_ $144 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -________-______-___ -______________ 800,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________________________ 800, 144 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of ex~isting project_-------------------------- 1,278, 099 29. RUTLAND, OTTER CREEK, VT. Location. Otter Creek rises in the Green Mountains at Dorset, Vt., flows generally north about 107 miles and enters Lake Cham- plain 19 miles south of Burlington, Vt. It has a drainage area of 936 square miles. The city of Rutland is located about 72 miles above the river's mouth at the junction of East Creek and the main stream. (See U. S. Geological Survey map covering Rutland, Vt., quadrangle.) Existing project. This project provides for channel improve- ment and construction of earth levees and concrete floodwalls along East Creek in the vicinity of Rutland. The channel improve- ment extends for a distance of 5,640 feet. The aggregate length of the levees and walls is 10,660 feet, of which 7,020 feet are earth embankment and 3,640 feet are concrete floodwalls. Other work appurtenant to the project involves construction of two pumping stations, reconstruction of four bridges, demolition of several structures, relocation of roads and utilities, and construction of an interceptor sewer with appurtenances. The estimated Federal cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $4,800,000, exclusive of lands, relocations, bridge reconstruction, sewer construction, and other work to be provided by local inter- ests at an estimated cost of $840,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved AuguSt 18, 1941. (See S. Doc. 171, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation The mayor, city of Rutland, was requested to furnish formal assurances of local cooperation on February 28, 1950, and executed an agreement assuring full participation in the project on May 27, 1950. The assurances were approved on June 29, 1950. Although funds for local cooperation are de- pendent upon approval of a bond issue, it is expected that these funds will be forthcoming. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Advance engineering and design was resumed. Topographic surveys were completed FLOOD CONTROL--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 189 and soils testing was in progress by hired labor. Design studies were in progress by contract. The cost of advance engineering and design was $25,245 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary plans have been completed. Design studies were 85 percent completed. Prepara- tion of contract plans and specifications was 3 percent completed. Completion of design studies, plans and specifications, and con- struction of the project works remain to be done. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $107,633 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -$71,093 -$19 ----------------------- $28,000 $110,388 Cost----------------- 179 .. .. .------------------------- 25,245 107,633 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ..... $835 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ________________ 100,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957______ 100, 835 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - _-_____-- 4, 589, 612 30. HOOSICK FALLS, HOOSIC RIVER BASIN, N.Y. Location. The Hoosic River rises in northwestern Massachu- setts, flows generally north and northwest, crossing the southwest corner of Vermont to the vicinity of Eagle Bridge, N. Y., where it turns west and joins the Hudson River about 16 miles above Troy, N. Y. It is 66 miles long and has a drainage area of 713 square miles. Hoosick Falls, N. Y., is situated on the Hoosic River about 26 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey map covering Hoosick, N. Y.-Vt. quadrangle.) Existing project. This provides for channel widening for 3,300 feet, for removal of White Dam and channel excavating for 700 feet, and for construction of earth levees and concrete walls on both banks of the river. The principal structures involved are rein- forced concrete floodwalls approximately 900 feet in length on the right bank and 700 feet in length on the left bank, an earth levee approximately 2,400 feet in length along the right bank, an emergency outlet section in the right bank floodwall, relocation of Woods Brook in a concrete flume, and interior drainage struc- tures. The Federal cost,for new work, completed in 1956, is $1,064,626, exclusive of land and other work provided by local interests at an estimated cost of $96,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 182, 76th Cong., 1st sess., 190 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operation and results during fiscal year. Preparation of final engineering reports was completed during the fiscal year, and final payment for construction completed in prior years was made. The costs were $1,401 for engineering, $503 for supervision and administration, and $20,065 for construction, a total of $21,969 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction work under the existing project was commenced on May 28, 1950, and completed on June 6, 1952. All project work was completed June 30, 1956. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $1,064,626 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...----.. $206,000 -$47,852 ----------------------- $12,478 $1,064,626 Cost---------------- 430,128 16,856 $2,674 $52 21,969 1,064,626 31. NORTH ADAMS, HOOSIC RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The Hoosic River rises in northwestern Massachu- setts, flows generally north and northwest, crossing the southwest corner of Vermont to the vicinity of Eagle Bridge, N. Y., where it turns west and joins the Hudson River about 16 miles above Troy, N. Y. It is 66 miles long and has a drainage area of 713 square miles. North Adams, Mass., is situated on the Hoosic River about 14 miles below the source of the river. (See U. S. Geological Sur- vey may covering Greylock, Mass.-Vt., quadrangle.) Existing project. This project provides for local channel im- provement which would extend through the entire city for a dis- tance of 9,100 feet along the North Branch, 8,100 feet along the South Branch, and 12,100 feet along the main stream downstream from the junction and including Braytonville. On the North Branch the improvements would consist of a debris basin above the Eclipse Dam; closure walls at the proposed New Hoosac Cotton Mill Dam and a rectangular paved concrete chute. On the South Branch, the improvements would consist of a closure levee with a check dam and stilling basin; raising of the Boston & Albany Rail- road track; a new trapezoidal earth channel with levee; an im- proved trapezoidal and rectangular earth channel with levee and walls; and a rectangular paved concrete chute. At the junction, the improvements would consist of a rectangular concrete chute to a drop structure and stilling basin below Brown Street; closure levees; and rock-paved and improved earth channels. At Brayton- ville the improvements would consist of a rock-paved trapezoidal Channel; a levee; an improved trapezoidal channel with levee; and a new dam and stilling basin with closure levee. Other work ap- FLOOD CONTROL--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 191 purtenant to the project would involve bridge reconstruction and approaches; street and utility relocations; interior drainage; and miscellaneous alteration, construction, and demolition works. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1956) is $16,200,000, exclusive of land and other work to be provided by local interests at an estimated cost of $3,030,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act ap- proved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 182, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. -In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will insure against future encroachments upon the flood chan- nels to be provided by the improvements. General assurances of local cooperation in the entire project were executed by the mayor of North Adams on December 15, 1949. The assurances were ap- proved on March 3, 1950. In accordance with a law enacted by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1950, the State Depart- ment of Public Works on November 21, 1950, furnished general assurances of local cooperation on the part of the State in the project, with the exception of operation and maintenance of the project within the city of North Adams which remains a respon- sibility of the city under assurances previously furnished by the city of North Adams. Lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the first and second units of construction were acquired by local interests on March 9, 1950, and March 27, 1952, respectively. Acquisition of lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the third unit of construction was in progress, and acquisition was initiated for the fifth and sixth units during the fiscal year. Local interests contributed $54,000 on June 9, 1950; $55,000 on June 17, 1952; $4,000 on October 6, 1952; $900 on December 2, 1952; $15,000 on November 7, 1955; $4,100 on December 29, 1955; and $175,000 on February 16, 1956, a total of $308,000 for local work in connection with the first, second and third units of construction. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of con- tract plans and specifications was completed and a contract was awarded for thq third unit of construction involving channel ex- cavation and concrete chute upstream of the second unit for 625 feet on the South Branch and 5,336 feet on the North Branch. During the fiscal year, work on this unit consisted of stream diversion by driving sheet piling, construction of a siphon, sewer line and other utilities, and the stockpiling of materials on the site. Preparation of contract plans and specifications was initiated by contract for the fifth unit of construction involving channel re- alinement and widening, earth levees and dikes, concrete walls, con- crete chute, closure levees and structures, interior drainage, and other appurtenant structures for 7,430 feet on the South Branch; and for the sixth unit of construction involving channel realine- ment, widening and deepening, earth levees and dikes, concrete walls, closure levees, interior drainage and other appurtenant structures for 10,000 feet on the Hoosic River at Braytonville. 192 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Model construction for the fifth unit was completed and tests were in progress during the fiscal year. The costs, exclusive of $125,803 contributed funds, were $286,713 for engineering and design, $26,506 for supervision and administration, and $325,127 for con- struction, a total of $638,346 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Contract plans and specifica- tions and model studies for the first, second, and third units have been completed. Construction work under the existing project was commenced on July 31, 1950, and is about 11 percent complete. The first unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation, drop structure and stilling basin, concrete walls and paving down- stream from Brown Street Bridge below the junction of North and South Branches, was completed on May 29, 1952. The second unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation, and construction of concrete chute, concrete walls, and bridge abutments from Brown Street Bridge upstream to the junction of the North and South Branches, was completed on December 3, 1952. The third unit of construction consisting of channel excavation and concrete chute on the North and South Branches was 15 percent completed on June 30, 1956. Completion of plans and specifications and model studies, and the construction of protective works for the remainder of the project remain to be done. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1956, exclusive of $234,556 contributed funds, were $1,851,678 for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...... Cost---------------- $400,000 ------------ ------------------- $750,000 $1,933,000 459,554 $378,845 $30,315 $1,403 638,346 1,851,678 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956._-- - $11, 831 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ 2, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 2, 011, 831 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- __ 12,267, 000 FLOOD CONTROL--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 193 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- -______ _____ -___ $59,900 ________- ......--.. $194,100 $308,000 Cost_________________ $11,978 60,067 125,803 234,556 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ______- $25, 729 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___________________-_______________ 25, 729 32. ADAMS, HOOSIC RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The Hoosic River rises in northwestern Massachu- setts, flows generally north and northwest, crossing the southwest corner of Vermont to the vicinity of Eagle Bridge, N. Y., where it turns west and joins the Hudson River about 16 miles above Troy, N. Y. It is 66 miles long and has a drainage area of 713 square miles. Adams, Mass., is situated on the Hoosic River about 6 miles below the source of the river. (See U. S. Geological Survey map covering Greylock, Mass.-Vt., quadrangle.) Existing project. This provides for channel improvements for a distance of approximately 2.2 miles, with floodwalls on both banks of the stream from high ground below Plunkett Dam to a proposed weir above Commercial Street; a concrete paved chute or flume from this weir to a proposed stilling basin above the mouth of the Tophet Brook and below Hoosac Street; an improved earth channel with floodwalls, earth levees, a closure levee and structure and two check dams from the mouth of Tophet Brook to Lime Street; and a concrete chute drop structure and stilling basin on Tophet Brook from Hoosac Street to junction with Hoosic River. Other work appurtenant to the project involves alteration of exist- ing raceways, bridge reconstruction, street and utility relocations, and channel improvement of tributary brooks. The estimated Federal cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $6,000,000, exclusive of land and other work to be provided by local interests at an estimated cost of $1,655,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 182, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will insure against future encroachments upon the flood channels to be provided by the improvements. General assurances of local cooperation in the entire project were executed by the Board of Selectmen, town of Adams, on November 22, 1949. The assur- ances were approved on January 31, 1950. In accordance with a law enacted by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1950, the State Department of Public Works on November 21, 1950, fur- nished general assurances of local cooperation on the part of the 194 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 State in the project, with the exception of operation and mainte- nance of the project in the town of Adams which remains a respon- sibility of the town under assurances previously furnished by the town of Adams. Lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the first, second, and third units of construction were acquired by local in- terests on March 29, 1950, March 27, 1952, and August 13, 1954, respectively. Acquisition of lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the fourth and fifth units of construction is in progress. Local interests contributed $11,200 on June 1, 1950; $290,000 on Novem- ber 7, 1955; $57,438 on February 20, 1956; and $92,300 on April 20, 1956, a total of $450,938 for local work in connection with the first, fourth, and fifth units of construction. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the third unit of the project, which was initiated in fiscal year 1955 under a contract involving channel excavation and construction of concrete walls from the downstream end of the first unit for a dis- tance of about 800 feet, was completed. A contract was awarded for the fourth unit of the project, in- volving channel excavation and construction of concrete walls, concrete weir, concrete chute and drainage facilities, from the end of the first unit upstream for a distance of about 6,400 feet. Dur- ing the fiscal year, work was initiated by clearing of the construc- tion area, stream diversion, construction of a foot bridge, raising two bridges, channel excavation, construction of bridge abutments at one bridge and the removal of existing utilities. A contract was awarded for the fifth unit of the project, in- volving channel realinement, excavation and widening, concrete walls, earth levees, two check dam structures, and drainage facili- ties, from the downstream end of the third unit for a distance of 3,800 feet. During the fiscal year, work was initiated by clearing of the construction area, stream diversion, construction of utilities, channel excavation, and stockpiling of materials on site. Preparation of reports on model tests for the fourth unit of con- struction was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The costs, exclusive of $162,268 contributed funds, were $36,283 for engineering and design, $57,380 for supervision and adminis- tration, and $1,145,452 for construction, a total of $1,239,115 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced on June 23, 1950, and is about 40 percent complete. The first unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation and paving, construction of a drop structure and stilling basin and concrete walls in the middle portion of the project down- stream from Hoosac Street, and Tophet Brook from its mouth to Mill Street was completed April 3, 1952. The second unit of con- struction, consisting of channel excavation and paving and con- struction of concrete walls on Tophet Brook from Mill Street to Hoosac Street, was completed on November 20, 1952. The third unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation and construc- tion of concrete walls, from Murray Street downstream to the vicinity of Cook Street, was completed November 30, 1955. The fourth unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation and FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 195 construction of concrete chute, from below Hoosac Street to the upstream limit of the project above Commercial Street, was about 24 percent complete at the close of the fiscal year. The fifth unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation, and construc- tion of concrete walls and earth levees, from the vicinity of Cook Street to the downstream limit of the project at Lime Street, was about 18 percent complete at the close of the fiscal year. Prepara- tion of engineering reports, including those for model studies, and the construction of protective works for the remainder of the proj- ect remain to be done. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, exclusive of $172,993 contributed funds, was $2,410,- 466 for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated $225,000 ---------------------- ..-------.. 1 $560,000 $1,900,000 $3,304,000 Cost---------------- 213,447 $160,250 $45,070 317,867 1,239,115 2,410,466 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 1$753, 520 '.... Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -_---_- 1, 576, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 2, 329, 520 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- 1, 120, 000 1Includes $750,000 loaned to other projects. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...----------- ------------------------------------ $439,738 $450,938 Cost ---------------- $10, 366 -------- ------------------------ 162,268 172,993 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $72, 349 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------ ------------------------- 72,349 33. ENDICOTT, JOHNSON CITY, AND VESTAL, N. Y. Location. The North Branch of Susquehanna River rises in Otsego Lake near Cooperstown, N. Y., and flows 123 miles in a general southwesterly direction to Binghamton, N. Y., thence about 200 miles in a winding course to Sunbury, Pa., where it is joined by the West Branch to form the main Susquehanna River which in turn flows 123 miles southeasterly to Chesapeake Bay at Havre de Grace, Md. The North Branch has a drainage area 196 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 of 3,890 square miles at a point below the confluence of the Chenango River at Binghamton and above Endicott, Johnson City, and Vestal, N. Y. The village of Johnson City in the town of Union is located on the north bank of the North Branch of Sus- quehanna River adjoining the downstream city limits of Bing- hamton. The village of Endicott, also in the town of Union, is on the north bank of the river 8 miles west of Binghamton. Between Johnson City and Endicott are the unincorporated communities of Westover, Oakdale, Fairmount Park, and Endwell. West Endi- cott, on the left bank of Nanticoke Creek, adjoins Endicott on the west. The town of Vestal extends westerly along the south bank of North Branch from the west city limits of Binghamton to a point opposite Endicott and includes the unincorporated com- munities of Vestal, Vestal Gardens, and Twin Orchards. (See U.S. Geological Survey map covering the Appalachian and Bing- hamton quandrangles.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the protection of Endicott, West Endicott, Vestal, and Westover against overflow of the North Branch Susquehanna River and the backwater effects on Nanticoke Creek and on Big and Little Choconut Creeks. The protection works involve approximately 30,000 linear feet of earth levees, 1,100 linear feet of concrete walls, 1,100 linear feet of channel cutoff, channel clearing, drain- age structures, highway and railroad closures, and other appur- tenant work. The estimated Federal cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $5,100,000, exclusive of land and other work to be provided by local interests at an estimated cost of $1,036,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 500, 81st Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way, including borrow and ponding areas, necessary for construction of the improvements; (2) make all necessary utility changes, ramp streets over levees where re- quired, and restore all streets and roads affected by the construc- tion; (3) provide all necessary pumping facilities in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers; (4) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (5) maintain and operate all works including pond- ing areas, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secre- tary of the Army. Formal assurances of cooperation by local interests were requested by the District Engineer on February 2, 1956. Preparation of assurances was in progress by the State of New York at the close of the fiscal year. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance engineer- ing and design was initiated. Preliminary engineering and topo- graphic surveys were completed, and design memorandum for the third unit of the project at Endicott was in progress, by hired FLOOD CONTROL--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 197 labor. Foundation exploration work was completed, and contract plans and specifications for the Endicott area were in progress, by contract. The cost of advance engineering and design was $176,720 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preparation of contract plans and specifications for the Endicott unit are 99 percent complete. Completion of the contract plans and specifications for the Endi- cott unit, design studies and contract plans and specifications for the Westover, Vestal, and West Endicott units, and construction of project works remain to be done. The total cost of the exist- ing project to June 30, 1956, was $176,720 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------..... ----------- ------------ ----------- $180,000 $180,000 Cost--- ------------------------------------------------- 176,720 176,720 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____ $280 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _- __ -___-_ 1,030, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 1, 030, 280 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ 3, 890, 000 34. SOUTHERN NEW YORK FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECT Location. The work covered by this project is in the upper watershed of the Susquehanna River to and including the Chemung River. This includes about 6,050 square miles in south central New York, and about 1,480 square miles in northern Pennsylvania. (See U. S. Geological Survey index maps of New York and Pennsylvania.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, authorized the construction of detention reservoirs and re- lated flood control works for protection of Binghamton, Hornell, Corning, and other towns in New York and Pennsylvania, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers on recommendation of Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, was modified by the acts approved June 28, 1838; August 18, 1941; December 22, 1944; and May 17, 1950. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, modified the local flood protection plan as originally authorized for Corning, N. Y., to provide for flood protection on Monkey Run. The individual units which constitute the approved plan of im- provement are described in the following paragraphs: Davenport Center Reservoir: This reservoir will be located on 198 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Charlotte Creek near Davenport Center, N. Y. The dam will be of the earth-filled type, 3,400 feet long at the top of the embank- ment and rising 100 feet above the stream bed, with a concrete spillway in the right abutment and the outlet conduit in the valley floor. The reservoir will provide a storage capacity of 52,500 acre-feet. The estimated Federal cost of new work, re- vised in 1956, is $12,900,000, of which $9,200,000 is for construc- tion and $3,700,000 is for lands and damages. West Oneonta Reservoir: This reservoir will be located on Otego Creek near West Oneonta, N. Y. The dam will be of the earth-filled type, 1,200 feet long at the top of the main embank- ment and rising 86 feet above the stream bed, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the right abutment. The main em- bankment will be joined at the left abutment by a low dike, 6,700 feet in length. The reservoir will provide a storage capacity of 34,500 acre-feet. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $13,600,000, of which $10,650,000 is for construction and $2,950,000 is for lands and damages. East Sidney Reservoir: This reservoir is located on Ouleout Creek near East Sidney, N. Y. The dam is of the concrete gravity and earth-filled type, 2,010 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 128 feet above the streambed, and 146 feet above firm rock, with five gate controlled outlets in the spillway section of the dam; 750 feet of the dam, including the spillway, is concrete gravity section and 1,250 feet is rolled-earth embankment. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 33,494 acre-feet. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1956, is $5,867,138, of which $5,279,894 is for construction and $587,244 is for lands and damages. Copes Corner Reservoir: This reservoir will be located on But- ternut Creek near Copes Corner, N. Y. The dam will be of the earth-filled type, 1,150 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 75 feet above the streambed, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the right abutment. The reservoir will provide a storage capacity of 37,900 acre-feet. The reservoir project is to be restudied; the Federal cost of new work, revised in 1956, is estimated to be $16,000,000, of which $13,250,000 is for construc- tion and $2,750,000 is for lands and damages. Whitney Point Reservoir: The reservoir is located on the Otselic River near Whitney Point, N. Y. The dam is of the earth- filled type, 4,900 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 95 feet above the streambed, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the left abutment. The reservoir has a storage capa- city of 86,440 acre-feet. The Federal cost of new work, com- pleted in 1953, was $5,075,000, of which $3,978,533 was for con- struction and $1,096,467 was for lands and damages. Arkport Reservoir: The reservoir is located on the Canisteo River near Hornell, N. Y. The dam is of the earth-filled type, 1,200 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 113 feet above the streambed, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the right abutment. The reservoir has a storage capacity of FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 199 7,900 acre-feet. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $1,910,000, of which $1,777,732 was for construction and $132,268 was for lands and damages. Almond Reservoir: This reservoir is located on Canacadea Creek near Hornell, N. Y. The dam is of the earth-filled type, 1,260 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 90 feet above the bed of the stream, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the left abutment. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 14,800 acre-feet. The Federal cost of new work, com- pleted in 1956, is $5,550,611, of which $4,596,587 is for construc- tion and $954,024 is for lands and damages. Oxford, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees and the clearing of the Chenango River channel, consisting of the following features: About 2,100 feet of earth levee on the left bank of the Chenango River, extending from high ground near Cemetery Drive and running mostly along the railroad to high ground near Main Street; removal of the dam and island below Main Street; raising of the Delaware, Lacka- wanna & Western Railroad over the levee; and appurtenant clos- ure and drainage structures. The improvement provides protec- tionx for the village of Oxford on the left bank against a flood dis- charge substantially larger than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $131,000, of which $96,944. was for con- struction and $34,056 was for lands. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1952, is $11,000. Lisle, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel realinement and the construction of earth levees and concrete floodwalls, consisting of the following features: Relocation of about 3,000 feet of the Dudley Creek channel, extending from 1,200 feet west of the intersection of Cortland and Main Streets to the confluence with Tioughnioga River, realinement of some 5,700 feet of the Tioughnioga River channel east of the village; about 4,150 feet of earth levee and 970 feet of concrete wall on the right bank of Dudley Creek and the Tioughnioga River, realinement of some 5,700 feet of Tioughnioga Street to the railroad crossing on River Street; raising of about 1,860 feet of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western single track railroad over the levee; relocation of about 1,600 feet of Cortland Street; a new bridge over the relocated Dudley Creek; and appurtenant drain- age structures. The improvement provides protection for the village of Lisle against flood discharges 20 percent greater on the Tioughnioga River and about 100 percent greater on Dudley Creek than the corresponding discharges of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1954, was $661,199, of which $605,000 was for construction and $56,199 was for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1956, is $68,000. Whitney Point, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel realinement and construction of earth levees, consisting 200 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 of the following features: Realinement of about 1,800 feet of the Tioughnioga River channel, above the confluence with the Otselic River; about 7,100 feet of earth levee along the right bank of the Tioughnioga River, extending from high ground on Main Street above the village to Collins Street just below the village; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement, supple- mented by the Whitney Point Reservoir above the area, provides protection for the village of Whitney Point against a flood dis- charge approximately 20 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $424,096, of which $411,653 was for construction and $12,443 was for lands and damages. The esti- mated local costs of lands and damages, revised in 1956, is $62,500. Binghamton, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the construction of earth levees, concrete floodwalls, and appurtenant drainage structures, consisting of the following features: About 850 feet of channel excavation and about 1,375 feet of earth levee along Phelps Creek, town of Port Dickinson; new concrete wall on the right bank of the Chenango River, extending downstream from high ground near the city limits to the existing floodwall below DeForest Street, a distance of about 520 feet; about 150 feet of concrete wall just below Cutler Dam; about 180 feet of concrete wall at the pumphouse near McDonald Avenue; raising the existing earth levees on the right bank of the Chenango River, extending from Cutler Dam downstream for a distance of about 1,220 feet; about 2,915 feet of earth levee on the left bank of the Chenango River north of the city limits in the village of Port Dickinson, extending from Church Street to high ground just north of the city line; about 3,900 feet of earth levee on the left bank of the Chenango River, extending from DeForest Street to Cutler Dam; new concrete floodwalls and riverbank revetment for a distance of about 5,570 feet extending on the left bank of the Chenango River from Cutler Dam to the junction with the Sus- quehanna River; about 540 feet of new concrete floodwall and raising about 1,085 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of the Susquehanna River, extending from the Delaware, Lacka- wanna & Western Railroad downstream to the Tompkins Street Bridge; about 1,940 feet of earth levee; about 1,940 feet of con- crete floodwall; and capping about 125 feet of concrete floodwall, on the right bank of the Susquehanna River from Stuyvesent Street to the mouth of the Chenango River; about 8,380 feet of earth levee; about 2,18.0 feet of new concrete floodwall and raising about 125 feet of existing floodwall on the left bank of the Susque- hanna River extending from Pierce Creek to high ground at State Highway No. 17; a debris dam and flume between Corbett and Hotchkiss Streets and a concrete pressure conduit, 1,060 feet long, to carry the flow of Park Creek from Vestal Avenue to the Susquehanna River; about 665 feet of levee extending from the Erie Railroad to high ground along the right bank of Chamber- lain Creek near the mouth; closure structures ait the Erie Railroad and at Court Street; a weir, a drop structure, and about 1,800 feet FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 201 of earth levee, about 2,235 feet of channel excavation; about 645 feet of channel paving, and raising about 470 feet of existing concrete floodwall and about 200 feet of new concrete floodwall for the improvement of Pierce Creek from its mouth to about 1,000 feet above Conklin Avenue; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement, supplemented by authorized flood-control, dams above the area, will provide protection for the city of Binghamton against a flood discharge approximately 20 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935 on the Chenango River and in March 1936 on the Susquehanna River. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1953, was $2,952,000, of which $2,844,682 was for construction and $107,318 was for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1956, is $711,000. Local interests have con- tributed an additional amount of $163,095.63 for the construction of improvements not included in the authorized project. Elmira, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees, concrete floodwalls, a concrete conduit, and a pumping station, and consists of the following features: About 17,700 feet of earth levee, and about 4,100 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of Chemung River, extending from South Hoffman Street to a point below the city near the upper end of Big Island; about 12,100 feet of earth levee and about 6,300 feet of concrete wall on the left bank of the Chemung River extending from Durland Avenue to the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad at the mouth of Newton Creek; about 10,000 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Newton Creek, extending from about the intersection of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad and East Church Street to high ground near the intersection of Sullivan and Warren Streets; about 4,300 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Diven Creek; about 2,000 feet of concrete conduit enclosing Hoffman Brook from West Second Street to the Chemung River; clearing islands and river banks of trees and brush for a distance of about 31/ miles in the Chemung River; about 14,300 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Seely Creek, extending from the Erie Railroad to the high ground approximately 1,000 feet northwest of the intersection of South Broadway and Pennsylvania Avenue; a pumping plant for the dis- posal of interior drainage; an interceptor sewer about 6,000 feet long, varying in size from 48 to 96 inches in diameter; and ap- purtenant structures. The improvement provides protection for the city of Elmira against a Chemung River discharge approxi- mately equal to that of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $6,739,000, of which $6,660,000 is for construc- tion and $139,000 is for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1956 is $922,000. Corning, N. Y.: Flood protection for this community was ori- ginally authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1936. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a pumping station, earth levees, and concrete floodwalls, consisting of the following 202 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 features: About 4,300 feet of earth levee, enlargement of about 8,610 feet of existing earth levee, and about 3,100 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of Chemung River, extending from the Erie Railroad bridge to high ground at Park Avenue below the city; about 200 feet of concrete floodwalls; about 2,500 feet of earth levees, and enlargement of about 11,500 feet of existing earth levee on the left bank of the Chemung and Cohocton Rivers, extending from the Erie Railroad bridge over the Cohocton River to the mouth of Post Creek; about 2,500 feet of earth levee and enlargement of about 4,700 feet of existing earth levee on the right bank of Post Creek from its mouth to Watkins Street; realinement of about 3,000 feet of channel, about 8,800 feet of earth levee, about 3,000 feet of channel excavation, a pressure conduit about 400 feet long, a drop structure and a weir for the improvement of Cutler Creek, extending from its mouth to high ground at Deckertown Road and Hornby Road; and appurtenant drainage structures. Flood protection on Monkey Run was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1950. The plan of im- provement provides for the construction of 2,010 feet of open flume, 2,320 feet of pressure conduit, storm sewers and appur- tenant facilities between the existing improved channel above Sixth Street and the Chemung River at a point immediately east of Pine Street East. The modified improvement will provide pro- tection for the city of Corning against a flood discharge in the Chemung River approximately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946, and on tributary streams against floods of greater magnitude than known to date. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1956, is $3,322,000 of which $3,164,000 is for construction and $158,000 is for lands and damages. The estimated local cost, revised in 1956, is $971,200, of which $686,471 is for lands and damages, $250,000 is for con- struction of a portion of the protection on Monkey Run, and $34,729 contributed for local work accomplished under Federal contract. Painted Post, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel realinement and the construction of earth levees and concrete floodwalls, consisting of the following features: Realine- ment of about 6,000 feet of the Cohocton River Channel, extend- ing from about one-half mile above State Highway Route No. 17 to the Chemung River; construction of about 2,500 feet of earth levee and raising of about 1,200 feet of existing floodwall along the left bank of the Cohocton River, extending from the mouth of Hodgman Creek to the Chemung River; about 2,900 feet of earth levee, and about 2,100 feet of concrete floodwall, extending on the left bank of Hodgman Creek, from its mouth to high ground above State Highway No. 2; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement provides protection for the village of Painted Post against a flood discharge approximately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $414,181, of which $402,948 was for construction and $11,233 was for lands FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 203 and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1956, is $50,800. Addison, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees and concrete floodwalls, consisting of the following features: Construction of about 3,100 feet of earth levee and about 700 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of the Canisteo River, extending from high ground on Steuben Street near the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad to the mouth of Tuscarora Creek; removal of existing dam, mill, and raceway, from the channel; construction of about 2,200 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Tuscarora Creek, extending from Tuscarora Street to the Canisteo River; construction of 4,600 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Tuscarora Creek, extending from high ground at the southwest edge of the village to high ground at the southeast edge of the village; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement, supplemented by the Arkport and Almond Reservoirs above the area, provides protection for the village of Addison against a flood discharge on the Canisteo River approximately 28 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. Protection is provided on Tuscarora Creek against a flood discharge approximately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $827,050, of which $814,236 was for construction and $12,814 was for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, re- vised in 1956, is $125,000. Bath, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees and concrete floodwalls along the Cohocton River, consisting of the following features: Construc- tion of about 10,400 feet of earth levee and about 1,250 feet of concrete floodwall, extending from above Cameron Street to below the turnout of the Bath & Hammondsport Railroad; including about 600 feet of cutoff levee between the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad and U. S. Highway No. 15; three stoplog structures across railroad tracks; a sandbag opening at Cameron Street; and a sill across the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad tracks below Cameron Street; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement provides protection for the village of Bath against a flood discharge approximately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $638,331 for construction. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1956, is $45,700. Avoca, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees, channel improvement, and channel re- alinement, consisting of the following features: Improvement and realinement of about 8,300 feet of the Cohocton River chan- nel, extending from above the Erie Railroad to below the junction of Main Street and U. S. Highway No. 15; construction of about 8,500 feet of earth levee on the left bank of the Cohocton River, extending from high ground above Alexander Avenue to about 204 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1,300 feet below the junction of Main Street and U. S. Highway No. 15; about 4,500 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Sal- mon Creek, extending from high ground above Alexander Avenue to the Erie Railroad; a new highway bridge for U. S. Highway No. 15 over the Cohocton River, raising of the Erie Railroad bridge 4 feet; and appurtenant drainage structures. The im- provement provides protection for the village of Avoca against a flood discharge approximately double the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $436,374, of which $406,589 was for construction and $29,785 was for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1953, is $69,300. Canisteo, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the construction of earth levees, consisting of the following features: About 8,000 feet of earth levees on the right bank of the Canisteo River, extending from high ground 1,570 feet west of State High- way Route No. 21 above the village to a point at the intersection of Ordway Lane and East Main Street; about 7,400 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Purdy and Bennett Creeks, extending from Main Street Bridge to high ground above Greenwood Street; 1,000 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Bennett Creek, ex- tending upstream from Main Street Bridge; a concrete check dam with wing levees from Greenwood Street; a new highway bridge at Greenwood Street; alterations to existing timber check dams in Bennett Creek; channel excavation in Bennett and Purdy Creeks; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improve- ment, supplemented by the Arkport and Almond Reservoirs above the village, provides protection for the village of Canisteo against a flood discharge approximately 30 percent greater on the Canisteo River than the maximum flood of record, and on Bennett and Purdy Creeks the channel capacity will be approximately equal to the discharge of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1956, is $975,591, of which $918,230 is for construction and $57,361 is for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1956, is $37,000. Hornell, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel realinement and the construction of earth levees, concrete flood- walls, and check dams consisting of the following features: Re- alinement of about 4,600 feet of Canisteo River channel, and about 5,800 feet of earth levee on its right bank, extending from Seneca Street upstream to the junction of the Pittsburgh, Shaw- mut & Northern Railroad and the Erie Railroad; construction of about 4,500 feet of earth levee, extending on both sides of Seneca' Street from the Canisteo River to Wrightman Avenue and the junction of Cleveland Avenue and Bethesda Drive; construction of about 7,200 feet of earth levee, about 2,500 feet of concrete floodwall, and raising of about 1,500 feet of existing concrete floodwall, on the right bank of the Canisteo River, and about 12,000 feet of channel improvement, extending from Seneca FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 205 Street to the Erie Railroad; construction of about 2,500 feet of earth levee, about 2,100 feet of concrete floodwall on the left bank of the Canisteo River, extending from a point opposite Walnut Street to the Erie Railroad; a ring-earth levee about 2,800 feet long around the sewage-disposal plant on the left bank of the Canisteo River; about 4,500 feet of realinement and im- provement of the Canisteo River channel, with about 4,500 feet of earth levee on its right bank, extending from Cedar Street downstream to about 1,400 feet above East Avenue; about 2,400 feet of channel paving, 1,400 feet of earth levee, raising of about 1,900 feet of concrete floodwall, and construction of one check dam on Canacadea Creek; about 1,600 feet of channel paving and construction of three check dams on Chauncey Run with about 300 feet of new wall and about 300 feet of capping; a weir, a check dam, 3,030 feet of channel paving, 4,800 feet of flood walls and levees, and related work on existing walls, all on Crosby Creek; removal of 6 bridges, erection of 4 bridges, miscellaneous bridge structures, and 3 drop structures; and appurtenant drain- age structures and small stream control works. The improvement, supplemented by the Arkport and Almond Reservoirs above the area, provides protection for the city of Hornell against a flood discharge approximately double the maxi- mum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $4,243,000, of which $3,677,000 is for construction and $566,000 is for lands and damages. Local interests raised or reconstructed three bridges over the improvement and contributed $15,000 towards recon- struction of a fourth bridge. Almond, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel realinement and the construction of earth levees, consisting of the following features: About 4,750 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Canacadea Creek and McHenry Valley Creek, extending from high ground above the village to high ground below the village; realinement of about 3,200 feet of channel on Canacadea Creek, extending downstream from Angelica Street; and appur- tenant drainage structures. The improvement will provide pro- tection for the village of Almond against a flood discharge ap- proximately equal to the maximum flood of record, which oc- curred in July 1935. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $385,000, of which $379,000 is for construction and $6,000 is for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1949, is $24,000. Dams and Reservoirs 1 C,0 Estimated Federal cost Distance Height Reservoir Name Nearest city River above in capacity mouth feet acre-feet Lands and miles Construction damges 2 Total 0 Davenport Center......------------. Oneonta ..........--------------... Charlotte Creek-----...... ---- 5 100 52,500 $9,200,000 $3,700,000 $12,900,000 West Oneonta . do --------------- Otego Creek..-- ---- ...-------------.----- ---------- 2 86 34,500 10,650,000 2,950,000 13,600,000 East Sidney s- ---- Sidney --------- Ouleout Creek- --------------- - 4 146 33,494 5,279,894 587,244 5,867,138 C Copes Corner..............------------- --.- do ---------------- Butternut Creek....------------ 3 75 37,900 13,250,000 2,750,000 16,000,000 Whitney Point - ---- _ ..---- ........------. Otselic River- Binghamton---- ....... -----....- -1 95 86,440 3,978,533 1,096,467 5,075,000 x Arkport 5 .__ __ _ .. Hornell_ ------------ Canisteo River....-------------- 50 113 7,900 1,777,732 132,268 1,910,000 Almond 3 __ -----. do --------------- ____----------------- Canacadea Creek....------------- 3 90 14,800 4,596,587 954,024 5,550,611 u H . Total--........ ...............-------------------------------- --------------- ------- ------------------------ 48,732,746 12,170,003 60,902,749 1All dams are located in New York State; all are of earthfill type except East Sidney. 0 2 Includes relocations. 8 Project completed. ~Tj 0 z tdf LJ 0 Cr Local flood-protection works Estimated Federal cost Distance Location, New York River above Type of structure mouth Land miles Construction damages Total O Oxford 2_________Chenango---- 40 Levee and channel improvement__------------ $96,944 $34,056 $131,000 Lisle 2.- 0 -, Tioughnioga-_ _------------ 12 Wall, levee, and channel realinement.............. 605,000 56,199 661,199 Whitney Point 2__............._ ___...do-_- - - 10 Levee and channel realinement...... 411,653 -------............ 12,443 424,096 O Binghamton 2_- -- Susquehanna__---------------- 328 Wall, levee, and conduit---------- ------------- 3 2,844,682 107,318 82,952,000 Elmira ------------------- Chemung--------------------- 27 ..... do_---- ------------------------------------- 6,600,000 139,000 6,739,000 Corning 2 _ ---- - do-o -------------------- -44 Wall, levee, flume, and conduit_-------------- - 4 3,164,000 158,000 43,322,000 Painted Post 2--- Cohocton ---.. ___C-On-- ___-- 0 Wall, levee, and channel realinement.............. 402,948 11,233 414,181 Ad d ison 2 . C an isteo -_- -- - - - - - -- 8 8 _--.. - do _ _-- -v-_ -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- ---- ___- - -, - ,236 6814 12 ,8 14 827 ,0 50 Bath 2- - - - Cohocton---------_ -- 21 Wall and levee---........------------------. 638,331--.. ---- 638,331 O Avoca 2---.....do-----------...........do-.. 30 Levee, channel improvement, and relainement.... 406,589 29,785 436,374 Canisteo 2-..... - Canisteo.-.-----.------------- 36 Levee and wall --------------------------------- 918,230 57,361 975,591 Hornell 1 _____________ _ do----------------------- 42 Wall, levee, and channel realinement.............-------------- 3,677,000 566,000 ,4,243,000 Almond 6_ ---..- --.. Canacadea Creek_.------ ---- 6 Levee and channel realinement . ------------------- 379,000 6,000 385,000 Total ----...-.................. _____._ .__._ ------- 0,___________1,19_________---------- 20, 2---.. 958, 613 1,190,209 22,148,82 1 Project in operation. O 2 Project complete. ©~x 3 Does not include contributed funds of $160,095.63 by the city of Binghamton and $3,000 by the village of Port Dickinson. 4 Does not inciude $250,000 of construction by State of New York and $34,729 contributed funds by the city of Corning on Monkey Run. 6 Does not include contributed funds of $15,000 by the city of Hornell. 6 Local cooperation withdrawn, project authorization expired May 26, 1953. CC H -4 208 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except as described in the following paragraph: Local cooperation for Almond, N. Y., has been withdrawn. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, is effective, and authorization for the Almond, N. Y., project expired May 26, 1953. Operations and results during fiscal year. Davenport Center Reservoir, New York: None. West Oneonta Reservoir, New York: None. East Sidney Reservoir, New York: Reimbursement to the State of New York for the cost of lands acquired for the project was completed by hired labor. Normal operation and main- tenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $80,335, of which $56,113 was for new work and $24,222 was for maintenance. Copes Corner Reservoir. New York : None. Whitney Point Reservoir. New York: Normal operation and maintenance was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance were $23,466. Arkport Reservoir, New York: Normal operation and main- tenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $8,096. Almond Reservoir, New York: Final engineering reports were completed, by hired labor. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $14,059, of which $610 was for new work and $13,449 was for maintenance. Oxford, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $2,456. Lisle, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for main- tenance, were $2,303. Whitney Point (village), N. Y.: Normal operation and main- tenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $616. Binghamton, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $4,507. Elmira, N. Y.: Reimbursement to the State of New York for the costs of lands acquired for the project was continued, by hired labor. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $4,138, of which $1,260 was for new work and $2,878 was for maintenance. Corning, N. Y. (original project) : Installation of emergency drainage controls on the Chemung River portion of the project was completed by construction contract on December 22, 1955. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $50,950, of which $43,994 was for new work and $6,956 for maintenance. Corning, N. Y. (Monkey Run): Construction of the flume, by FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 209 contract, which was commenced in fiscal year 1954, was completed on July 21, 1955. The total costs, all for new work, were $11,481. Painted Post, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $1,307. Addison, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $1,313. Avoca, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $1,913. Canisteo, N. Y.: Reimbursement to the State of New York, for the cost of lands acquired for the project, was completed, by hired labor. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued by hired labor. The total costs were $8,835, of which $62 was for new work and $8,773 for maintenance. Hornell, N. Y.: Reimbursement to the State of New York for the cost of lands acquired for the project was continued, by hired labor. Installation of emergency drainage controls was con- tinued by contract and work completed on November 23, 1955. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $58,207, of which $34,456 was for new work and $23,751 for maintenance. A major flood was produced in the Susquehanna and Chemung River watersheds by a storm occurring during the period October 14-18, 1955, and localized flooding occurred on the Susquehanna River watershed on October 30, 1955. Rapid snowmelt combined with rainfall during the period March 6-8, 1956, produced major flood conditions in the Chemung River watershed and localized flooding in the Susquehanna River watershed. Rapid snowmelt during the period April 4-7, 1956, produced localized flooding in the Susquehanna River watershed. Federal maintenance responsibilities were carried out as re- quired. Local interests, where required, carried out maintenance responsibilities in accordance with flood control regulations pre- scribed by the Secretary of the Army, and explanatory instruc- tions contained in the respective operation and maintenance manuals. The total costs were $273,982, of which $147,976 was for new work, and $126,006 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is approximately 49 percent complete, exclusive of the Stillwater, Genegantslet, and South Plymouth Reservoirs. The latter two reservoirs in the State of New York and the Stillwater Reservoir in the State of Pennsylvania, were authorized by the 1944 Flood Control Act to supplement the comprehensive flood control program for the southern New York and eastern Pennsylvania, and are reported separately. The cost of new work and maintenance to June 30, 1956, and the percentage of construction of new work completed for each project unit are as follows: 210 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost to June 30, 1956 Percentage of Unit construction completed 1 New work Maintenance Reservoirs: Davenport Center _2--...........----- $286,400------- -------------------------- West Oneonta 2__ - _-........ _ 189,100- East Sidney 4Cornr ---................ 5,867,138 $130,636 100 (1950) Copes Corner 2--....... . 160,700 .... .. Whitney Point 4.--...-.-.......-....-_ 5,075,000 255,911 100 (1942) Arkport 4------...----.---.------- - 1,910,000 90,350 100 (1939) Almond 4--.----------.---.------- - 5,550,611 94.281 100 (1949) Local flood protection: - - - - - - - - - - - Oxford 4.................. 131,000 5,591 100 (1938) Lisle 4_..-------------------------- - 661,199 16,016 100 (1948) Whitney Point Village 4............. 424,096 10,320 100 (1948) Binghamton 4 5------- .....- 2,952,000 47,339 100 (1943) Elmira ............------------------------------ 6,733,063 8,323 100 (1950) Corning 4 s ________________ ---.......... 3.322.000 51.184 100 (1955) Painted Post 4........................... 414,181 9,717 100 (1938) Addison 4----..----.-.... ----.. ----..... 827,050 7,795 100 (1947) Bath 4.-- 4 - -----------------------..... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - 638,332 ....... 100 (1948) Avoca _ 436,374 29,777 100 (1939) Canisteo 4--------------- ........- 975,591 43,038 100 (1948) Hornell 37 8 ------ 4,236,300 137,387 100 (1941) Almond Village 2 9- ...........-------- 24,622 ..------- ---------------------- Total o... _.._._.. --........ ........... 40,814,757 937,665 .. 1Year operationally completed indicated in parentheses. 2 Cost for preliminary work only. 3 Operationally complete. 4 Financially complete. b Does not include $163,0962contributed funds. 6 Includes Monkey Run. Excludes $250,000 of constructionbythe:State of New York and $34,729 con- tributed funds by thecity of Corning. 7 Includes Canacadea Creek, Chauncey Run, and Crosby Creek. s Does not include $15,000 contributed funds. 9 Local cooperation withdrawn, project authorization expired May 26, 1953. 10Does not include $178,096 contributed funds. The remaining work necessary to complete the existing project is as follows: Reimburse the State of New York for the cost of land acquired for the channel improvement portion of the Hornell local protection unit; reimburse the State of New York for the cost of relocating telephone lines on the Hoffman Brook portion of the Elmira unit; and on Chauncey Run at Hornell; and com- plete engineer studies, design and preparation of plans and con- struct the remaining project units comprising Davenport Center, West Oneonta, and Copes Corner Reservoirs. The total costs were $42,487,694, of which $40,814,757 (regular funds) and $735,272 (emergency relief funds) were for new work and $937,665 was for maintenance. In addition $212,825 was costed from contributed funds. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 211 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: . Appropriated.....-------- $17,033 $484,400 $171,499 $233,000 -$50,597 1$40,814,757 Cost ....--...------. 1,134,154 174,257 594,777 470,257 147,976 140,814,757 Maintenance: Appropriated--....... 85,432 82,955 112,500 109,300 128,000 941,287 Cost--__-__---_ 79,598 84,341 102,323 125,648 126,006 937,665 1 Includes $735, 272 emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------$42, 236, 800 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 __ _Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: $40,000 Appropriated-----.................------------......------------.... -$5,271 ..---. $212,825 Cost -------------------------- $15,000------------ - 34,729 ......... 212,825 35. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount Name of project see Annual Operation required to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Bennington, Hoosic R. Basin, Vt............. 1941 ............................-------------- 1 $1,450,000 2. Genegantslet Res., Genegantslet Creek, N.Y_ 1954 $211,578 .............. 3 8, 338, 400 3. Lamoille River, Vt.: Johnson Gorge.-------------------------- 1939 449,837------------_ (1) Hardwick Dam---------------.. . 1939- ------------------------- -1 6 153,200 4. Proctor, Otter Creek Basin, Vt_-------------- 1937 -------------------------- 16 119,000 5. South Plymouth Reservoir, Canasawacta Creek, N.Y_---------------------------- 1953 100,036 ------- -- - 8,930,000 6. Waterbury, Winooski R. Basin, Vt-_- ....... 1951---------------------------- 3 3,800,000 7. Waterford, Hudson, and Mohawk Rivers, N.Y ---------------------------------- 1939 .......------...------------------- 2 71,720,000 8. Winooski River, Vt......------- ----- ----- 1940 4,897,427 -------------- (5) 1Improvement inactive. 2 Estimate revised in 1954. 3 Estimate revised in 1956. 4 Includes $23,507 emergency relief funds. ' Completed. 6 Not desired by local interests. 7 Awaiting local cooperation. 36. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Inspections of completed local flood-control works are per- formed periodically to determine the extent of compliance by local interests with the requirements of operation and main- tenance. During the fiscal year, inspections were made of the completed works at Adams and North Adams, Mass.; Addison, 212 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Avoca, Bath, Ballston Spa, Binghamton, Canisteo, Corning, Corn- wall, Elmira, Esopus Creek at Mt. Pleasant, Mt. Tremper and Shandaken, Greene, Hoosick Falls, Hornell, Lisle, Norwich, Owego, Oxford, Painted Post, Port Dickinson, Whitney Point Village, N. Y.; and East Barre Reservoir, Montpelier Dam, Waterbury Reservoir, and Wrightsville Reservoir, Vt. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,003 for maintenance. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $2,691 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: ... _ _._.. Appropriated_--- ... _$400 $300 $1,400 $900 $3,400 Cost--------------- --- $386 414 300 588 1,003 2,691 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $709 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957______ 1, 800 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________ ____ - __ 2, 509 37. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control (Sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year the following work was performed: Snagging and clearing of the Cincinnatus Area, Otselic River, N.Y., was completed at a cost of $8,142; snagging and clearing of the Chenango River at Sherburne, N. Y. was completed at a cost of $31,573; preparation of plans and specifications were initiated and completed, and snagging and clearing of Woodbury Brook at Highland Mills, N. Y. was initiated at a cost of $10,291. The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $50,006 for new work. The total costs for all snagging and clearing work to June 30, 1956, were $420,239 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .. ___ $27,633 $28,862 $49,880 $68,881 $13,568 $426,948 Cost________________ 81,696 10,811 46,968 76,486 50,006 420,239 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $6, 309 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ 6,309 FLOOD CONTROL--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 213 Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year the following work was performed: Clearing of channel, islands, and river banks, including excavation and bar removal at the mouth of tributary streams, on the North Branch of the Susquehanna River at Conklin-Kirkwood, N.Y., was completed, at a cost of $53,178; contract plans and specifications for construc- tion of a small debris basin dam, approach channel and flume on Newton Creek at Bainbridge, N.Y., were initiated and completed, at a cost of $21,877; and preliminary engineering and design studies for snagging and clearing including widening and realine- ment of the channel of the Mississquoi River at Richford, Vt., were initiated at a cost of $5,229. The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $80,284 for new work. The total costs for all work on small flood-control projects to June 30, 1956, were $276,569 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--...... -- $101,926 -$20,000 - $229,000 -$500 $403,075 Cost----------------- 27,579 14,744--------- 21,710 80,284 276,569 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___ _ $11, 306 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________ - ___ 11,306 Emergency flood-control activities (PL 99, 84th Cong., 1st sess., and antecedent legislation). During the fiscal year, costs in- curred for the revision of the District Flood Emergency Manual under advance preparation for flood emergencies, were $2,500; costs for preparation of post flood reports on the storms of August 12-14, August 19-20, and October 14-16, 1955, were $40,000; and costs for flood emergency operations at Almond, Arkport, East Sidney, and Whitney Point Dams and Reservoirs resulting from the floods of October 14, 1955, November 16, 1955, March 7, 1956, and April 5, 1956, were $6,709. The total costs for the fiscal year were $49,209 for maintenance. The total costs for all emergency flood-control activities to June 30, 1956, were $356,997 for maintenance. 214 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-------- -- $7,175 -$74, 782 -$20,322 $3,000 $49,176 $356,997 Cost--------...... - 223,263 8,663 95 6,030 49,209 356,997 38. STATEN ISLAND RAPID TRANSIT RAILWAY COMPANY BRIDGE ACROSS ARTHUR KILL, N. Y. Location. The Staten Island Rapid Transit Railway Company bridge crosses the Arthur Kill, New York and New Jersey Chan- nels approximately 1.5 miles south of Newark Bay and connects Elizabeth, N. J., with Staten Island, N. Y. (See U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 369). Existing project. This provides for the construction of a new railroad bridge to replace the single track swing bridge completed in 1888. The center pier and fender system of the existing bridge result in inadequate horizontal clearances which present a serious obstruction and hazard to navigation. The new bridge will provide a vertical lift span with vertical clearances of 135 feet above mean high water in the open position and 31 feet above mean high water in the closed position. The new bridge will eliminate the existing center pier and leave a clear and unob- structed channel 500 feet wide. The center of the new span is to be located about 158 feet east of the center of the existing bridge. The notice to alter the existing bridge was signed by the Secre- tary of the Army on July 5, 1949, as authorized by the Truman- Hobbs Act of June 13, 1940, as amended. The estimated Federal share of the cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $8,160,000. The estimated cost to local interests, re- vised in 1956, is $1,670,000. Local cooperation. The Truman-Hobbs Act of June 23, 1940, provides that, upon notice to alter by the Secretary of War, the bridge owners shall (a) prepare and submit to the Secretary for approval, plans and specifications for the alteration of the bridge; (b) take bids for the alteration of the bridge in accordance with the approved plans; submit all bids to the Secretary together with a recommendation as to the most competent bid; submit a written guaranty that the total cost of the project will not exceed a stated sum; and upon authorization by the Secretary, proceed with the work of alteration; (c) bear such part of the cost as determined by the Secretary to be attributable to the direct and special benefits which will accrue to the bridge owners as a result of the alteration, including the expectable savings in repair or maintenance costs; and that part of the cost attributable to the requirements of traffic by railroad or highway, or both, including any expenditure for increased carrying capacity of the bridge, and including such proportion of the actual capital cost of the ALTERATION OF BRIDGES-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 215 old bridge or of such part of the old bridge as may be altered or changed or rebuilt, as the used service life of the whole or a part, as the case may be, bears to the total estimated service life of the whole or such part. In complying with the provision of the Truman-Hobbs Act, the bridge owners have completed the following actions: (a) re- tained consulting engineers, completed necessary foundation in- vestigations, and prepared plans and specifications for the altera- tion of the bridge which have been approved by the Secretary of the Army; (b) taken bids for the construction of the substructure and approaches in accordance with the approved plans and speci- fications; submitted all bids to the Secretary together with a recommendation as to the most competent bid; submitted a written guaranty that the total cost of the project will not exceed a stated sum; and, upon authorization by the Secretary, have awarded a contract for the construction of the substructure and approaches; (c) accepted an apportionment of cost prepared by the Chief of Engineers and approved by the Secretary of the Army; (d) agreed to proceed with reconstruction of the bridge on an annual appropriation basis; and (e) donated the land re- quired for the necessary widening of the bend in the Arthur Kill at the railway bridge. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction was started on Contract No. 1 for the substructure and approaches in May 1956 and continued to the end of the year. At the end of the fiscal year the contractor had mobilized, initiated excavation for pier foundations on the New Jersey side of the project and began work on four of the eleven land piers. The contract was about 1 percent complete. The total Federal cost of the work for the fiscal year was $95,942, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The overall project was less than one percent completed. Contract No. 1 for the substructure was about 1 percent completed. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of the substructure and superstructure of the new bridge and removal of the old bridge. The total Federal cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $95,942 all for new work. 216 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-----....-- -------------------------------- $1,000,000 $1,000,000 Cost------- ----------------------------------------------- 95,942 95,942 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ...... $5, 098 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ________ _____ 1,800,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_________ _--_____ _------- 1,805,098 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _-------------- 5, 360, 000 39. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS During the fiscal year the total costs for examinations and sur- veys were $227,201, excluding $29,180 contributed funds for beach erosion studies. The examination and survey costs include $18,038 for navigation studies, $59,820 for flood control studies, $33,180 for beach erosion cooperative studies, and $116,163 for special studies including the New England-New York Resources Survey, and the hurricane study authorized by Public Law 71, 84th Congress. The unexpended balance at the end of the fiscal year in the amount of $670 will be applied as follows: Flood-control studies __ _ $180 Special studies (hurricane study) -- __ _ 490 Total - - $670 There were no unexpended contributed funds for beach ero- sion cooperative studies at the end of the fiscal year. The additional amount of $336,500, including $18,000 for navigation studies, $71,000 for flood-control studies, $22,500 for beach erosion studies, and $225,000 for special studies including the hurricane study and the Hudson River Channel (Siltation) study, can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957. 40. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA There were no costs during the fiscal year. No funds are re- quired for the next fiscal year. 41. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT There were no costs during the fiscal year. The suim of $8,000 for civil works investigations can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southeastern New York, eastern Pennsylvania, western and southern New Jersey, northern and southeastern Delaware, and a small part of northeastern Maryland embraced in the drainage basin of the Delaware Bay and River system and those basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean from Manasquan River, N. J., inclusive, to the south boundary of Delaware. It also includes the Chesapeake and Delaware canal and the approach channel thereto in Chesapeake Bay and Elk River, Md. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Delaware River between Phila- 20. Other authorized navigation delphia, Pa., and Trenton, projects- 258 N. J_------------------- 217 2. Delaware River, Pa., N. J., and Flood Control Del., Philadelphia, Pa., to the sea-----------_ ------- 221 21. Bear Creek Resevoir, Lehigh 3. Schuylkill River, Pa---------225 River, Pa_______________ 259 4. Wilmington Harbor, Del- 228 22. Allentown, Lehigh River, Pa__ 260 5. Inland Waterway from Dela- 23. Bethlehem, Lehigh River, Pa__ 261 ware River to Chesapeake 24. Dyberry Reservoir, Dyberry Bay, Del. and Md --------- 230 Creek, Pa 262 6. Muderkill River, Del--------- 234 25. Prompton Reservoir, Lacka- 7. Mispillion River, Del-------- 235 waxen River, Pa_ 263 8. Inland Waterway between Re- 26. Other authorized flood-control hoboth Bay and Delaware projects_ 264 Bay, Del--______ ____ 237 27. Inspection of completed flood- 9. Waterway from Indian River control works 264 Inlet to Rehoboth Bay, Del_ 239 28. Flood-control work under spe- 10. Indian River Inlet and Bay, cial authorization .......... 265 Del-------------------- 241 11. Cooper River, N. J ---------- 243 12. Mantua Creek, N. J--------- 244 Shore Protection 13. Cohansey River, N. J-------- 245 29. Cold Spring Inlet (Cape May 14. Cold Spring Inlet, N. J.--- 247 15. Absecon Inlet, N. J _-_____- 249 Harbor), N. J____ 266 16. Barnegat Inlet, N. J--------- 250 30. Ocean City, N. J______ 267 17. Manasquan River, N. J------ 252 31. Atlantic City, N. J_ _ __ __ _ _ 268 18. New Jersey Intracoastal Water- way--------------------254 General Investigations 19. Navigation projects on which reconnaissance and condition 32. Examinations and surveys ___ 270 surveys only were conducted 33. Collection and study of basic during the fiscal year---- 257 data_-------------------- 270 1. DELAWARE RIVER BETWEEN PHILADELPHIA, PA., AND TRENTON, N. J. Location. This river has its source in southeastern New York, flows in a general southerly direction 367 miles, forming the boundary line between the States of New York and New Jersey on the east and Pennsylvania and Delaware on the west, and empties into Delaware Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Charts Nos. 1218, 280, 294, 295, and 296.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872; March 3, 1875; June 14, 1880; July 5, 1884; August 18, 217 218 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1894; March 2, 1907; June 25, 1910; July 25, 1912; June 5, 1920; and March 3, 1925. For further details see page 1778 of the Annual Report for 1915, page 311 of the Annual Report for 1924, page 220 of the Annual Report for 1934, and page 296, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel from Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, to the upstream end of Newbold Island, a distance of 23.5 miles, 40 feet deep and 400 feet wide, with suit- able widening of bends, including relocation of the channel at the Delair Railroad bridge, and reconstruction of the bridge; thence to the upper end of the Trenton Marine Terminal, a distance of 5.5 miles, 35 feet deep and 300 feet wide, with a turning basin 800 feet wide and 1,700 feet long at the terminal; and maintenance of a channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the upper end of the 35-foot channel to the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge at Trenton, dredged under a previous project. The project also provides for an auxiliary channel 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide east of Burlington Island, extending easterly from the main channel to the upper end of the United States Pipe and Foundry Company's property at East Burlington, with a turning basin 450 feet wide at the upper end; for the initial excavation, only, of a cross channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide through the artificial island opposite Delanco, N. J.; and for constructing such bank protection works as may be necessary. The total length of the section in- cluded in the project is about 301/2 miles, excluding the auxiliary channel east of Burlington Island, which is 1.4 miles long, and the cross channel opposite Delanco. The lower end is about 55 miles above the mouth of the river at Liston Point and about 105 miles above the harbor of refuge at the mouth of Delaware Bay. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at Trenton is 6.7 feet, an increase of 1.3 feet since the com- pletion of the 25-foot channel in 1937. Freshets, which occur usually during February and March, attain a height of 9 to 20 feet above mean low water in the vicinity of Trenton. Naviga- tion is occasionally suspended during a portion of the winter months on account of ice. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956 is $110,090,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $15,000 contributed funds. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,171,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 219 Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 A channel 28 feet deep, 300 feet wide between Alle- Rivers and Harbors Committee gheny Ave., Philadelphia, Pa., and Delair bridge. Doc. 3, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 19352 Deepening the channel to 25 feet from Delair bridge Rivers and Harbors Committee to Trenton, N. J., and for maintenance of the 12- Doc. 11, 73d Cong., 1st sess. foot channel from the upper end of the 25-foot project to Pennsylvania R.R. bridge at Ferry St., Trenton. Do....... Auxiliary channel, 20 feet deep, east of Burlington Rivers and Harbors Committee Island. Doe. 66, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' Aug. 26, 1937 A cross channel 8 feet deep, opposite Delanco, N.J_._ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 90, 74th Cong., 2d sess. July 24, 1946 Anchorage at mouth of Biles Creek_ --------------- H. Doe. 679, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 3, 1954 A channel 40 feet deep and 400 feet wide between Alle- H. Doc. 358, 83d Cong., 2d sess.' gheny Ave., Philadelphia, Pa., and the upstream end of Newbold Island, thence 35 feet deep to Trenton Marine Terminal, and widening the turn- ing basin to 800 feet. Relocation of the channel at the railroad bridge at Delair and suitable recon- struction of the bridge. Construct such bank- protection works as may be necessary; and elim- inate the authorized anchorage near the mouth of Biles Creek, Pa. 1Contains latest published maps. 2 Also Public Works Administration, September 6, 1933, and Emergency Relief Administration, May 28, 1935. Local cooperation. The modification authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act provides that local interests agree to: (a) Furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construc- tion of the project and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements; and (c) that the United States Steel Corporation agree to provide at its expense suitable terminal and transfer facilities at its Fairless plant, including a turning basin if and when required. Local interests have complied with the requirements of local cooperation under earlier authorizations. In compliance with the requirements of the River and Harbor Act of 1954, the United States Steel Corporation has constructed terminal and transfer facilities at its Fairless plant. The legislatures of Pennsylvania and New Jersey have passed acts providing for compliance with other requirements. Assurances have not been furnished. Terminal facilities. There are 22 piers, wharves, and docks within the improvement, exclusive of those within limits of city of Philadelphia. The facilities are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. (For further details, see Port Series No. 9- Revised 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, con- tract: Costs in the amount of $83,900 were incurred for design of the reconstruction of Delair Bridge. New work, hired labor: Preliminary work for deepening the channel from Allegheny Avenue to Newbold Island and recon- struction of Delair Bridge was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Costs were $11,985. Maintenance, contract: Dredging of shoals between Philadel- phia and Newbold Island, in progress at the end of the last fiscal year, was completed July 23, 1955. A total of 174,246 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of 220 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 $161,838. Dredging between Delair Bridge and Trenton com- menced on December 12, 1955, and was completed on June 2, 1956. A total of 892,931 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $709,283. Maintenance, hired labor: Costs in the amount of $16,984 were incurred for probings and surveys. The cost of all work was $95,885 for new work, and $871,121 for maintenance, a total of $967,006. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 5 percent complete. A channel 28 feet deep and 300 feet wide from Allegheny. Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa., to Delair Bridge, thence a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Trenton together with the channel east of Burlington Island was com- pleted in 1937 and the cross channel opposite Delanco in 1939. The work remaining to be done is dredging the channel 40 feet deep and 400 feet wide from Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa., to the upstream end of Newbold Island; thence a channel 35 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Trenton Marine Terminal and widening the turning basin at the terminal to 800 feet; relocation of the channel at Delair Bridge; and suitable reconstruction of Delair Bridge. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water as follows: Minimum depths Project Date Section depth Left Midchannel Right outside for half proj- outside quarter ect width quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet June 1956-..... Allegheny Ave. to Delair Bridge .. _- 40 26.6 27.4 27.5 June 1956- ... _ Delair Bridge to Newbold Island .---- 40 25.1 25.6 22.8 May 1956 -.. Newbold Island to Trenton Marine Ter- 35 15.0 17.0 15.3 minal. August 1955 Trenton Marine Terminal to Penna. R. R. 12 7.1 10.4 9.2 Bridge. April 1951 .... Channel east of Burlington Island_ ...-- 20 17.4 18.7 18.7 The total costs under the existing project were as follows: Public Emergency works funds relief funds Regular funds Total New work --._______________________ $2,189,956 $2,636,456 $459,290 $5,285,702 Maintenance_ __ 2,693,868 2,693,868 Total_..----------- -.. ...... 2,189,956 2,636,456 3,153,158 7,979,570 In addition, $15,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. Deferred charges, undistributed, for amortization of the costs of disposal areas amount to $108,505. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 221 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 195612 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------.-------------------------------------------- C ost------------ _ . .-------.---- ------ --.-- ------ --.-.- . . . . . . .-.--- . . . 493 $120,000,648 93648 4$7,798,991 7,772,639 7,772,639 Maintenance: Appropriated- ----- _ $149,319 $687,500 -$125 $258,000 704,600 3,397,757 Cost ----------------- 12,624 672,270 14,292 92,856 870,571 33,397,645 1 Includes $2,489,173 for new work and $552,720 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $15,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3 Pending adjustment in the amount of -$42,552 not included. 4 Pending adjustment in the amount of $2,-237 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____ $22, 680 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ala______ __________ ___-_______________ 6,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ ________-_ ___________ 6, 022, 680 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__ ____ _ 98, 800, 000 2. DELAWARE RIVER, PA., N. J., AND DEL., PHILADELPHIA, PA 4, TO THE SEA Location. See page 139, also United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1218, 294, 295, and 280. Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 4, 1836; March 3, 1873; March 3, 1875; June 18, 1878; March 3, 1879; July 5, 1884; August 11, 1888; and March 3, 1899. For further details, see page 1779 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 299, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel from deep water in Delaware Bay to a point in the Bay near Ship John Light, 40 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide; thence to Philadelphia Naval Base, 40 feet deep and 800 feet wide, with 1,200-foot width at Bulkhead Bar and 1,000-foot width at other bends; thence to Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa., 40 feet deep and 500 feet wide through Horseshoe Bend and 40 feet deep and 400 feet wide through Phila- delphia Harbor, along the west side of the channel, and 37 feet deep and 500 feet wide through Horseshoe Bend and 37 feet deep and 600 feet wide through Philadelphia Harbor, along the east side of the channel; and for anchorages (a) at Marcus Hook 37 feet deep, 1,400 feet wide, with a mean length of 10,500 feet; (b) in the vicinity of Mantua Creek 37 feet deep, 1,400 feet wide with a mean length of 11,600 feet; (c) at Gloucester 30 feet deep and about 3,500 feet long; and (d) at Port Richmand 37 feet deep and about 6,400 feet long. The project also provides for the construction of dikes and training works for the regulation and control of the tidal flow; for the maintenance of an area on the north side of the channel opposite the Philadelphia Naval Base between shipway 3 and Schuylkill River to a depth of 40 feet and a width of 150 feet on Mifflin Range and of 200 feet on West Horseshoe Range; and for the maintenance of any areas 222 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 dredged by local interests to a depth of 35 feet between the chan- nel and a line 100 feet channelward of the pierhead line between Point House wharf and the Philadelphia Naval Base, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such areas are so located as to be of benefit to general navigation. The total length of the section included in the project is about 96.5 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at various points on the river and bay is as follows: Philadelphia, Pa., 6.0 feet; Chester, Pa., 5.7 feet; New Castle, Del., 5.5 feet; Liston Point, Del., 5.8 feet; and Lewes, Del., 4.1 feet. Under the influence of heavy and long-continued winds the extreme tidal range is about 14 feet. The normal maximum velocity of tidal currents in the dredged channel varies between 2 and 3 miles per hour. Storm tides may increase the maximum to as much as 41/2 miles per hour. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956 is $40,060,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $4,100,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 35 feet deep from Allegheny Ave., Phila- H. Doe. 733, 61st Cong., 2d sess. delphia, Pa., to Delaware Bay. July 3, 1930 Anchorages 35 feet deep at Port Richmond and H. Doc. 304, 71st Cong., 2d sess.' Mantua Creek, a 30-foot anchorage at Gloucester, N. J., and extending the 1,000-foot channel width in Philadelphia Harbor to Horseshoe Bend. Aug. 30, 19352 An anchorage 35 feet deep at Marcus Hook, Pa-...... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 5, 73d Cong., 1st sess. 1 June 20, 1938 A channel 37 feet deep from Philadelphia-Camden S. Doc. 159, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Bridge to the navy yard, thence 40 fg. eIts o deep water in Delaware Bay. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 A 37-foot depth in channel from Allegheny Ave., H. Doe. 580, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Philadelphia, Pa., to Philadelphia-Camden Bridge and in the anchorage at Port Richmond. Do-....... A 37-foot depth in and enlargement of anchorages H. Doe. 340, 77th Cong., 1st sess.' near Mantua Creek and Marcus Hook. Do-....... Maintenance of enlarged channel opposite Phila- Specified in act. delphia Navy Yard. Sept. 3, 1954 A channel from Allegheny Ave. to Naval Base 40 feet H. Doec. 358, 83d Cong., 2d sess.' deep, 400 feet wide along the west side of the chan- nel through Philadelphia Harbor and 500 feet wide through Horseshoe Bend. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Also Public Works Administration, September 6, 1933. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938, imposes the condition that the cities of Philadelphia and Camden shall agree to dredge not less than 110,000 cubic yards annually in maintaining the channel and anchorages in Phila- delphia Harbor between Allegheny Avenue and the mouth of Schuylkill River. This condition will become effective after com- pletion of initial dredging of the 40- and 37-foot channels below the Philadelphia-Camden Bridge authorized in the 1938 Act. Terminal facilities. There are 244 wharves on the river be- tween Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, and the sea, 188 located on the waterfront of Philadelphia, Camden, and Gloucester and 55 below Philadelphia. Eight are owned by the United States, 5 by RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 223 the States of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 28 by municipalities, 78 by railroad companies, and 125 by private interests. The public and railroad piers are open to public use, some free and others on payment of charges. Most of the piers which are equipped to handle general cargo have direct rail connections with three railroad systems operating in the area. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further de- tails, see Port Series Nos. 7 and 9-Revised, 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, con- tract: Preliminary work in connection with dredging in Mantua Creek anchorage commenced February 20, 1956. Dredging in the anchorage was commenced June 30, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The costs were $291,921. Maintenance, contract: Costs in the amount of $432 were in- curred in connection with contract dredging in Marcus Hook anchorage, completed in the previous fiscal year. Costs in the amount of $615 were incurred in connection with contract dredg- ing in Port Richmond anchorage, completed in the previous fiscal year. Dredging in Mantua Creek anchorage was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 40,000 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $159,593. Development of additional capacity at Pigeon Point disposal area was commenced May 1, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Costs were $100,548. Banking at Artificial Is- land disposal area was commenced March 13, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Costs were $65,213. Costs in the amount of $3,959 were incurred in connection with a con- tract for construction of a dike in Alloway Creek disposal area, completed in the previous fiscal year. Costs in the amount of $14,392 were incurred in connection with a contract for the de- velopment of Raccoon Creek disposal area, completed in the previous fiscal year. Further development of Raccoon Creek disposal area was commenced March 30, 1956, and was in prog- ress at the end of the fiscal year. Costs were $179,935. De- velopment of Darby Creek disposal area, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, was completed January 6, 1956. Costs were $297,852. Construction of mooring facilities for sump re- handling at Killcohook was commenced November 7, 1955, and completed December 13, 1955. Costs were $17,621. Construc- tion of mooring facilities for sump rehandling at Pigeon Point was commenced December 14, 1955, and completed March 9, 1956. Costs were $63,742. Construction of mooring facilities for sump rehandling at Stone Point was commenced October 31, 1955, and completed December 16, 1955. Costs were $65,193. Costs in the amount of $5,741 were incurred in connection with a contract for construction of mooring facilities at Raccoon Creek disposal area, completed in the previous fiscal year. A contract for in- stalling pipe at Darby Creek disposal area was commenced De- cember 5, 1955, and completed February 9, 1956. The costs were $7,932. Maintenance, hired labor: Dredging in the 40-foot channel was 224 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 in progress throughout the year. A total of 15,653,983 cubic yards of material was removed by U. S. hopper dredges Goethals and Comber, of which 15,543,788 cubic yards were rehandled by U. S. sump rehandler New Orleans and 110,195 cubic yards were deposited outside the channel limits. The costs were $4,084,089. Disposal areas were maintained at a cost of $67,303. Other dis- posal area costs were: Raising banks, $157,928; laying and mov- ing pipelines, $149,702; and construction of mooring, $3,705; a total of $311,335. Land was acquired for disposal areas at Rac- coon Creek, at a cost of $1,051; at Darby Creek, $17,461; and at Pennsgrove, $1,534; a total of $20,046. Costs of $13,660 were incurred for the construction of moorings at Pigeon Point, com- pleted the previous fiscal year. Moorings for sump rehandling were maintained at a cost of $21,542. Other hired labor costs were: Miscellaneous engineering, sur- veys, and channel examinations, $13,837; removal of a boulder from Chester Range, $4,830; model studies of shoaling in Dela- ware River, by Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., $51,958; and construction of range markers, $32,634; a total of $103,259. Deferred charges were $1,256,014 for maintenance of disposal areas and $32,634 for range markers, a total of $1,288,648. Amounts charged off were $666,959 for disposal areas, $1,063 for study of moorings, and $34,851 for range markers, a total of $702,873, making a net increase of $585,775 in deferred account. Reimbursement for damage to Pea Patch Island dike amounted to $17,674. The cost of all work was $291,921 for new work and $4,883,455 for maintenance, a total of $5,175,376. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 73 percent complete. The 40-foot channel from Philadelphia Naval Base to the sea was completed in 942 The enlarging and deepening of Marcus Hook anchorage was completed in 1947. The work remaining to be done is deepening the channel from the Philadelphia Naval Base to Allegheny Avenue from 35 feet to 40 feet with a width of 500 feet through Horseshoe Bend and 400 feet through Philadelphia Harbor and from 35 to 37 feet with a width of 500 feet through Horseshoe Bend and 600 feet through Philadelphia Harbor; deepening Port Richmond anchorage to 37 feet; and completion of the deepening and enlarging of Mantua Creek anchorage. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 225 Minimum depth Project Date Section depth Left Left Right Right outside inside inside outside quarter quarter quarter quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet December 1955- Allegheny Ave. to Philadelphia- 40 24.0 25.7 Camden Bridge. ----. do _------37 -------------------- 26.6 30.0 April 1956- ..... Philadelphia Camden Bridge to 40 26.5 35.5-.. Naval Base. ....----do-- ----------------------- 37 ------ __ - -- -- 34.5 33.7 May 1956...... Naval Base to the sea....--------------........... 40 37.1 38.2 37.5 37.8 The costs under the existing project were as follows: Public works funds Regular funds Total New work_-------------------- $813,046 $27,939,484 $28,752,530 Maintenance -------------__ __----------- 77,757,516 77,757,516 Total------------------ -813,046 105,697,000 106,510,046 Deferred charges, undistributed, for the amortization of the costs of disposal areas, amount to $2,051,093. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .---- $1,200,000 $42,636,666 Cost----- _ _ _ 290,751 241,727, 417 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $3,905,449 $1,823,156 $3,036,350 $4,215,600 4,463,052 79,770,753 Cost --- -- - 3,941,639 1,647,540 2,661,795 4,264,518 4,835,844 3 79,750,887 1 Includes $12,976,058 for 2Pending adjustments in new work and $1,025,409 for maintenance for previous projects. the amount of $1,171 not included. 3 Pending adjustments in the amount of $47, 611 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $57, 282 ------- Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __-------------------------------___________________ 1,060,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-_-____ -___-______________1,117,282 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------------- ___ 9, 339, 400 3. SCHUYLKILL RIVER, PA. Location. This river has its source in Schuylkill County, Pa., flows in a general southeasterly direction 150 miles, and empties into the Delaware River at Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 295 and 280.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870, and modified April 26, 1892. (For further details, see page 325, Annual Report for 1932.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 33 feet deep and 226 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 400 feet wide in Delaware River to the mouth and within the river to 29th Street, three-fourths mile above the mouth; thence the same depth and 300 feet wide to Passyunk Avenue Bridge, 31/2 miles above the mouth; thence 26 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Gibsons Point, 41/2 miles above the mouth; and thence 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide to University Avenue Bridge, 6 miles above the mouth, including widening at bends. The total length of the section included in the project is about 61/ miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 5.9 feet and at Grays Ferry Bridge about one-half mile below University Avenue Bridge, 6.4 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to freshets and prolonged heavy winds, is about 14 feet. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $2,753,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The re- moval of small rock shoals above Passyunk Avenue is to be re- studied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $52,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $550,000 in addition to $1,300,000 required to restore project depth below Passyunk Avenue Bridge as pro- vided by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, and $1,036,000 for the restoration of project depths above Passyunk Avenue Bridge as provided by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 8, 1917 Depths of 35 feet from mouth to Girard Point, thence H. Doc.1270, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 30 feet, 26 feet, and 22 feet to University Avenue Bridge, Philadelphia. July 3, 1930 A depth of 30 feet instead of 35 feet between the mouth Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 and Girard Point, and the conditional restorttion Doc. 40, 71st Cong., 2d sess. and maintenance of the channel below Passyunk Ave., by the United States. July 24, 1946 A depth of 33 feet from the channel in Delaware H. Doec. 699, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' River to Passyunk Ave., restoration of the project channel dimensions between Passyunk Ave., and University Ave., and full maintenance of the entire project. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, imposed the condition that the city of Philadelphia agree to re- move 60,000 cubic yards, place measurement, of material annually from that portion or those portions of the project which the Dis- trict Engineer may designate until such time as adequate muni- cipal sewage-treatment works are constructed and placed in effective operation. This condition is being satisfactorily com- plied with. All other requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 43 wharves located within the limits of the improvement. These terminals are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port Series No. 7-Revised 1947-Corps of Engineers.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 227 Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Dredging in the 26- and 22-foot channel above Passyunk Avenue Bridge was commenced November 28, 1955, and com- pleted March 30, 1956. There were removed 427,879 cubic yards, place measurement, of material at a cost of $394,490. Costs in the amount of $12,630 were incurred in connection with a contract for maintenance dredging from Delaware River to Passyunk Avenue completed in the previous fiscal year. Dredging in the 33-foot channel to 32 feet from the mouth to Passyunk Avenue Bridge was commenced April 14, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. There were removed 346,300 cubic yards, place measurement, of material at a cost of $308,749. The cost of all work was $715,869 for maintenance. .Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 98 percent complete. The 33-foot channel from Delaware River to Passyunk Avenue Bridge was completed in 1949. The work remaining to be done, comprising the removal of a few rock shoals above Passyunk Avenue Bridge, is to be restudied. The latest examinations show minimum depths available to navigation, at mean low water, as follows: Minimum-depths Project Date Section depth Left Midchannel Right outside for half proj- outside quarter ect width quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet June 1956.......Delaware River to 29th St__.____________ 33 30.0 32.0 32.0 June 1956---. 29th St. to Passyunk Ave ........--------------. 33 22.6 28.2 22.7 March 1956-... Passyunk Ave. to Gibson Pt ------------- 26 24.0 24.1 24.1 Do------......--.. Gibson Pt. to University Ave..._------..... 22 13.7 14.0 15.5 The costs under the existing project were $2,753,038 for new work and $11,266,872 for maintenance, a total of $14,019,910. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956, includ- ing fiscal years 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 priorto 1952 New work: Appropriated ----------- 1 .-------------. ----------------------------------- $3,278,038 Cost .......--------- -------- ----------- ------------ ----------- ---------- 13,278,038 Maintenance: Appropriated- ' $404,643 ..-----...... $885,070 $329,000 $481,000 547 $710, 11,271,452 Cost.... 421,246 627,771 553,086 502,825 718,156 211,267,570 1 Includes $525,000 for new work for previous projects. 2 Pending adjustment of -$698 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________________ $52, 000 228 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 4. WILMINGTON HARBOR, DEL. Location. This harbor is formed by Christina River, which rises in New Castle County, Del., flows northeasterly 16 miles, passing through the city of Wilmington, Del., and empties into Delaware River about 29 miles below Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 294.) Previous projects. Work was done on Christina River from 1836 to 1838. The original project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, and July 5, 1884. . For further details, see page 1785 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 308 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide in Delaware River to the mouth of Christina River and within the river to Lobdell Canal, three-fourths mile above the mouth; thence 21 feet deep and 250 feet wide to the mouth of Brandywine River, 11/2 miles above the mouth; thence the same depth and 200 feet wide to the pulp works, 33/4 miles above the mouth; thence decreasing to a depth of 10 feet in 750 feet to the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge No. 4; and thence 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Newport, 9 miles above the mouth, including an inner basin 30 feet deep formed by widening the channel to an average width of 600 feet and extending upstream from the mouth to Lobdell Canal. It also provides for the removal of about 1,200 feet of the outer end of a stone-filled, pile- and timber- crib jetty constructed 2,150 feet long on the north side of the entrance; for a steel sheet-pile jetty 2,300 feet long, with 120-foot inshore wing, on the south side of the entrance, and for a V-shaped stone-filled pile-and-timber jetty at the mouth of Brandywine River, 430 feet long on the Brandywine side and 260 feet long on the Christina side. The total length of the section included in the project is about 91/ miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 5.6 feet, and at Newport 3.9 feet. The extreme tidal range due to pro- longed heavy winds is about 13 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956 is $1,296,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $400,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 229 Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 ) )H. Doec. 66, 54th Cong., 1st sess.; Mar. 3, 1899 July 25, 1912 JDepths of 21, 10, and 7 feet and jetties---- .-----.--. Annual Report, 1896, p. 973; Annual Report, 1897, p.1250.1 Purchase or construction of a dredge and auxiliaries, H. Doc. 359, 62d Cong., 2d sess. including a wharf and depot, and maintenance of the project. Sept. 22, 1922 Entrance channel and basin with 25-foot depth and H. Doc. 114, 67th Cong., 1st sess., construction by local interests of the new south and Senate committee print, 68th Mar. 3, 1925 jetty. Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 A 30-foot depth between Delaware River and the Rivers and Harbors Committee Lobdell Canal and modification or removal of a Doec. 20, 71st Cong., 2d sess. portion of the north jetty. Aug. 30, 19352 Completion of the new south jetty by the United Rivers and Harbors Committee States; subject to the provision that the city of Doec. 32, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Wilmington shall reimburse the United States for the cost, without interest, of any part of the struc- ture that may subsequently be occupied and uti- lized for city activities. Oct. 17, 1940 Permit temporary occupancy by the city of Wil- H. Doec. 658, 76th Cong., 3d sess. mington of any part of the south jetty for city ac- tivities under revocable license, provided the occu- pied portion of the jetty is properly maintained without expense to the United States. 1 Contains latest published map. 2 Also May 28, 1935, under Emergency Relief Administration. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. A modern marine terminal is located just inside the entrance to the harbor. This terminal is operated for the city of Wilmington by a board of harbor commissioners, and is open to all on equal terms. Railroad connection on the terminal wharf provides for direct interchange of freight between car and ship. There are 29 other wharves and landings within the Christina River which forms the harbor. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further de- tails, see Port Series No. 8-Revised 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Dredging in the channel between Delaware River and Lobdell Canal was commenced January 3, 1956, and was com- pleted April 20, 1956. A total of 948,239 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $251,471. Costs in the amount of $9,928 were incurred in connection with a con- tract for dredging in the 30-foot channel, completed in the previous fiscal year. Other maintenance costs were $35 for miscellaneous engineer- ing and survey. The cost of all work was $261,434 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 99 percent complete. The channel above Lobdell Canal and the V-shaped stone-filled pile-and-timber jetty at the mouth of Brandywine River were completed in 1901. Removal of about 1,200 feet of the outer end of a stone-filled pile-and-timber jetty on the north side of the entrance was completed in 1931. The steel sheet-pile jetty, 2,300 feet long with 120-foot inshore wing, on the south side of the entrance was completed in 1936. The harbor channel was completed to a width of 400 feet in 1931. The work remaining tobe done is deepening the inner basin from 25 to 30 feet. 230 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1959 The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, as follows: Minimum depths Project Date Section depth Left Midchannel Right outside for half proj- outside quarter ect width quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet April 1956-.__ Delaware River to Lobdell Canal ..... 30 34.1 34,0 33,7 July 1949-....... Lobdell Canal to Brandywine River ..----- 21 -------- ,, 114.2........ Do-......... Brandywine River to Market Street .------ 21 ...... 1 15.0 Do--------- Market Street to pulp works- -____-_ 21 . _------- 1 16.0 . Do--...----- Pulp works to Penna. RR. bridge No. 4_ 10 _---------- 1 6.0. Do--..... Penna. RR. bridge No. 4 to Newport ... 7 - _-------- 1 6.1 . 1In 80 percent of project width. The costs under the existing project, excluding $60,000 con- tributed funds expended for maintenance, were as follows: Emergency relief funds Regular funds Total New work --- ------------------- $206,177 $924,356 $1,130,533 Maintenance------------------- ------------------------ 8,437,889 8,437,889 Total ------------------ 206,177 9,362,245 9,568,422 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 195612 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........ $1,532,654 Cost __- 1,532,654 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ $264,200 $396,000 $297,000 $271,200 $232,154 8,437,831 Cost . __._._.. 266,781 329,134 268,976 334,799 263,476 88,437,831 1 Includes $402,121 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $60,000 contributed funds were expended for maintenance. 3 Pending adjustments in the amount of $58 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__ __------- $165, 000 5. INLAND WATERWAY FROM DELAWARE RIVER TO CHESAPEAKE BAY, DEL. AND MD. Location. This waterway begins at Reedy Point on Delaware River, about 41 miles below Philadelphia, Pa., and passes through the sea level Chesapeake & Delaware Canal, a distance of 14 miles, to Back Creek, at Chesapeake City, Md. It then passes for 5 miles down Back Creek, thence 9 miles down Elk River to Chesa- peake Bay and thence 18 miles down Chesapeake Bay to a point near Pooles Island. A branch channel connects Delaware River at Delaware City, Del., with the main channel at a point about 11/2 miles west of Reedy Point. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 294, 1226, 570, and 572.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 231 Previous projects. The River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, made appropriation for preliminary studies with a view to taking over the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919, provided for the purchase of the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal. The River and Harbor Acts of January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, provided for dredging in Back Creek, Md., and the construction of bridges and roadways. For further details, see Annual Report for 1934, page 242, and Annual Report for 1938, page 312. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 450 feet wide from Delaware River through Elk River and Chesa- peake Bay to water of natural 35-foot depth in Chesapeake Bay near Pooles Island, including a cutoff at the Pennsylvania Rail- road crossing, and having a minimum radius of curvature of 7,000 feet at bends; a high-level, fixed railroad bridge with vertical clearance of 135 feet and ,horizontal clearance of 600 feet at the railroad crossing over the cutoff; high-level fixed highway bridges over the canal at Reedy Point, St. Georges, Summit, and Chesapeake City; a bascule drawbridge across the Delaware City Branch Channel; extension of entrance jetties at Reedy Point; an anchorage and mooring basin in Elk River, 35 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide, with an average length of 3,700 feet; the enlargement of the anchorage and mooring basin in Back Creek to afford an area about 400 feet wide, 1,000 feet long, and 12 feet deep; dredg- ing the Delaware City Branch Channel to a depth of 8 feet and a width of 50 feet, and deepening the existing basin to the same depth; revetment of the banks of the canal as required between the Delaware River and Elk River, and on the banks of the Dela- ware City Branch Channel east of Fifth Street Bridge; and con- struction of bulkheads. The total length of the section included in the project, excluding the Delaware City Branch Channel, which is about 2 miles long, is about 46 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water in Delaware River. The mean tidal range at the Delaware River entrance is 5.4 feet and in Elk River at the mouth of Back Creek, 2.2 feet. The extreme tidal range is from 6.3 feet above mean high water to 3.0 feet below mean low water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956 is $123,845,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $1,380,000. The portion of the project comprising the completion of Delaware City Branch: Channel from a point 400 feet east of Fifth Street Bridge to its junction with the canal is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $145,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 232 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 A sea level channel 27 feet deep, 250 feet wide from H. Doc. 201, 72d Cong., 1st sess., Delaware River to Elk River and 400 feet wide and Rivers and Harbors Com- down Elk River and Chesapeake Bay to deep water mittee Does. 18 and 24,1 73d at or near Pooles Island; alteration of existing Cong., 2d sess. bridges over the canal; enlarging Delaware City2 Branch Channel to 8 feet deep and 50 feet wide, with a basin the same depth, and revetment of both banks east of Fifth Street; enlargement of the anchorage and mooring basin in Back Creek to 400 feet wide, 1,000 feet long and 12 feet deep; extension of the jetties at Reedy Point; and construction of bulkheads. Aug. 7, 1939 Construction of a 4-lane high-level fixed highway Public Law 310, 76th Cong., 1st bridge at or near St. Georges. sess. Sept. 3, 1954 A channel 35 feet deep and 450 feet wide from Dela- S. Doe. 123, 83d Cong., 2d sess.' ware River through Elk River and Chesapeake Bay to water of that depth in the Bay near Pooles Island, including a cutoff at the Pennsylvania R.R. crossing, with a minimum radius of curvature of 7,000 feet at bends; a high-level fixed railroad bridge over the cutoff; high-level fixed highway bridges at Reedy Point and Summit; and an anchorage in Elk River 35 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide, averag- ing 3,700 feet long. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Completion of Delaware City Branch Channel from a point 400 feet east of Fifth Street Bridge to its junction with the canal is to be restudied. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, provided that the standard of local cooperation for the con- struction of all bridges, including approaches thereto, required for the project shall be the same standard heretofore applied to the construction of St. Georges bridge, namely, that local interests shall furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way required for the bridge. Assurance that the required conditions will be met was accepted and approved on February 16, 1955. Terminal facilities. Ample mooring facilities at the eastern and western ends of the canal and bulkheads at Delaware City and St. Georges have been constructed by the United States. A harbor for small boats has been provided and a wharf has been constructed at Chesapeake City. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, con- tract: Costs in the amount of $106,182 were incurred in connec- tion with the design of Summit Bridge. New work, hired labor: Special studies in relation to salt intru- sion into underground water in connection with the proposed deepening of the canal were made at a cost of $10,636. Maintenance, contract: Repair of auxiliary works at various locations, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, was completed September 21, 1955, at a cost of $78,554. Under a contract for repairing the deck of St. Georges bridge work com- menced June 4, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Costs were $9,391. Costs in the amount of $503 were incurred in connection with a contract for dredging miscellaneous shoals which was completed in the previous fiscal year. Maintenance, hired labor: Dredging shoals west of Summit Bridge and in Reedy Point entrance was in progress during the year. A total of 345,815 cubic yards of material was removed by RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 233 U. S. hopper dredge Comber. The costs were $136,681. General operation of the waterway was continued throughout the year at a cost of $196,834. Operation and maintenance of bridges cross- ing the waterway was continued throughout the year at a cost of $102,016. Other hired labor costs included: Maintenance and repairs to banks, $40,052; drainage of banks, $20,356; maintenance and repair of auxiliary works, $31,442; removal of obstructions and debris, $2,832; repair of protective works at Pennsylvania Rail- road bridge, $250; repair of damages to highway bridges, caused by highway traffic, $1,085; and miscellaneous engineering, sur- veys and channel examinations, $48,695; a total of $144,712. Reimbursements for damages to auxiliary works and bridges amounted to $82,018. The cost of all work was $116,818 for new work, and $586,673 for maintenance, a total of $703,491. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 12 percent complete. The channel 27 feet deep and 250 and 400 feet wide was completed in 1938.; the 4-lane high-level fixed high- way bridge at St. Georges in 1942; and the 2-lane high-level fixed highway bridge at Chesapeake City in 1949. The work remain- ing to be done comprises the enlarging to 35 feet deep and 450 feet wide of the channel from Delaware River through Elk River and Chesapeake Bay to deep water in the Bay near Pooles Island, including a cutoff at the Pennsylvania Railroad crossing; con- struction of a high-level fixed bridge at the railroad crossing over the cutoff; and high-level fixed highway bridges at Reedy Point and Summit; and dredging an anchorage in Elk River 35 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide. Deepening the Delaware City Branch Channel from 6 to 8 feet from a point 400 feet east of Fifth Street Bridge to its junction with the canal has been deferred for re- study. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, as follows: Minimum depths Project Date Section depth Left Midchannel Right outside for half proj- outside quarter ect width quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet February 1956 Delaware River to Elk River. _____ _ 35 20.6 23.3 21.0 April 1954 - Elk River to Chesapeake Bay ------------ 35 21.6 20.6 18.3 December 1946_. Delaware City Branch channel......... 8_ 11.1 1In 80 percent of project width. 234 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total costs under existing project were as follows: Emergency relief funds Regular funds Total New work --------------------- $4,756,248 $9,905,157 $14,661,405 Maintenance ..............----..------------ .. ....------------------------.. 15,157,769 15,157,769 Operating and care--------............--------------------- 6,514,588 6,514,588 Total-- ------------------ 4,756,248 31,577,514 36,333,762 Deferred charges, undistributed, for the amortization of the costs of disposal areas, amount to $344,207. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...............----------- ------------ ------------ ...... ------------... $210,000 $25,464,341 Cost----------------------------------------------- .. .... .....-------- 114,827 25,369,168 Maintenance: Appropriated-....... $1,051,130 $810,000 $710,000 $780,000 652,000 29,075,395 Cost--------------- 501,165 959,820 698,784 776,937 591,168 228,986,385 1Includes $10,709,755 for new work and $6,903,748 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Pending adjustment of -$4,495 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____ $5, 184 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------------------------- 1,000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year -- -- ending June 30, 1957 _ ________ 1, 005, 184 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____________ _----- __108, 090, 000 6. MURDERKILL RIVER, DEL. Location. This river rises in Kent County, Del., flows north- easterly 19 miles through the county, and empties into Dela- ware Bay about 25 miles above Cape Henlopen. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1218.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water, 150 feet wide in Delaware Bay to the mouth, and thence 80 feet wide to Frederica, 71/2 miles above the mouth. The total length of the section included in the project is about 81/2 miles. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 4.9 feet and at Frederica 2.5 feet. The extreme tidal range is from about 1 foot below mean low water to about 2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954 is $38,000. The portion of the project comprising widening the channel to project width throughout its length is to be restudied, and is ex- cluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $86,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,800. This project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 235 July 13, 1892 (H. Ex. Doc. 21, 52d Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report for 1892, p. 981). Widening of the channel to full project width is to be restudied. The latest published map is in House Document No. 1058, 62d Congress, 3d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are a number of light timber wharves on both sides of the river near the mouth and two wharves at Frederica, all of which are privately owned. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operation and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Dredging in the entrance channel was commenced Febru- ary 15 and was completed February 23, 1956. A total of 33,194 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $36,942. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 63 percent complete. A channel 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from Delaware Bay to Frederica was completed in 1911. The work remaining to be done, the widening of the channel to project width, is to be restudied. The latest examinations show controll- ing depths at mean low water as follows: In February 1956, in Delaware Bay to the mouth, 7.3 feet; and thence, in June 1945, to Frederica, 5.0 feet. The costs under the existing project were $37,630 for new work and $242,790 for maintenance, a total of $280,420. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-_---------- ------------------------------------------ $37,630 Cost- -------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 37,630 Maintenance: Appropriated-... ------------ ..------ $1,083 $2,500 -$1,256 $36,942 242,790 Cost--------------- ------------ 1,083 1,633 -390 36,942 242,790 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________________ $124, 000 7. MISPILLION RIVER DEL. Location. This river rises in Kent and Sussex Counties, Del., flows northeasterly 15 miles along the boundary line between the two counties, and empties into Delaware Bay about 16 miles above Cape Henlopen. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1218.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1879, and July 13, 1892, modified July 3, 1893, and by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1786, Annual Report for 1915, page 448 of Annual Report for 1918, and page 327 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 9 feet deep, 80 feet wide from like depth in Delaware Bay to the landward end of 236 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the jetties, thence 60 feet wide to the head of navigation at Mil- ford; a turning basin 120 feet wide and 350 feet long, 500 feet downstream from Washington Street Bridge in Milford; 7 cut- offs; and 2 parallel stone-filled pile-and-timber jetties at the mouth, spaced 210 feet apart, the south jetty 5,850 feet long and the north jetty about 6,496 feet long, extending to a point opposite the end of the south jetty. The total length of the project is about 13.6 miles. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 4.4 feet and at Milford 3.4 feet. The extreme tidal range is from about 1 foot below mean low water to about 2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956 is $720,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $39,200. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 2, 1919 A 6-foot depth and extension of south jetty-_ _----- H. Doc. 678, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Extension of north jetty ..----------------------- . Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Doc. 83, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 3, 1954 A channel 9 feet deep, 80 feet wide from like depth in S. Doc. 229, 81st Cong., 2d sess.' Delaware Bay to the landward end of the jetties and thence 60 feet wide to Milford, including 3 cut- offs, with a turning basin at Milford. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, provides that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subse- quent maintenance, when and as required; and (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the project, including such damage as may occur to public or leased oyster beds. On November 12, 1954, local interests were notified of these requirements and requested to furnish the necessary assurance that they would be met. This assurance has not been furnished. Prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 2 wharves inside the mouth of the river, and 8 piers or wharves at Milford, 1 of which is owned by the city of Milford. There is also a marine railway at Milford. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, hired labor: Costs in the amount of $12,659 were incurred in connec- tion with dredging 9-foot channel. Maintenance, hired labor: Costs in the amount of $5,494 were incurred in connection with dredging the channel to 6-foot depth. Other costs were $48 for an examination of the jetties. The cost of all work was $12,659 for new work and $5,542 for maintenance, a total of $18,201. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 237 Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was about 31 per- cent complete. Four cutoffs for the 6-foot channel were com- pleted in 1923; the 6-foot channel from Delaware Bay to Milford in 1924; and the jetties at the mouth in 1939. The work remain- ing to be done is dredging the channel to 9-foot depth, 80 feet wide in Delaware Bay to the mouth, thence 60 feet wide to Mil- ford, with the provision of 3 cutoffs to eliminate bends, and a turning basin at Milford. The controlling depths at mean low water were as follows: In September 1955, from Delaware Bay to the mouth 3.3 feet, and thence to the fixed highway bridge at Milford, 4.9 feet. The costs under the existing project were $229,050 for new work and $328,889 for maintenance, a total of $557,939. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.. ..------------------------------------......------------ $12,659 $377,848 Cost .------------------- ------------ ........------------............------------ 12,659 377,848 Maintenance: Appropriated . .. .... ...... ... . . ... ..-...--------------- 5,494 390,061 Cost--------...... .......------------------------------------------------ 5,494 390,061 1 Includes $148,798 for new work and $61,172 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________________ $282, 500 8. INLAND WATERWAY BETWEEN REHOBOTH BAY AND DELAWARE BAY, DEL. Location. This waterway, a tidal canal, is situated in the southeasterly part of Sussex County, Del. It extends 12 miles northward from Rehoboth Bay through the highland west of the town of Rehoboth to Gordon Lake; thence through the marshes back of Cape Henlopen to Lewes River; thence down Lewes River to its junction with Broadkill River near its mouth. An entrance to the waterway from Delaware Bay is located about 4 miles above Cape Henlopen. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 379, 1218, and 1219.) Previous projects. A canal along a slightly different route formed a part of the projected waterway from Chincoteague Bay, Va., to Delaware Bay, begun in 1886 and abandoned in 1905. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel near Lewes 10 feet deep and 200 feet wide protected by two parallel jetties 500 feet apart; thence a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to South Street Bridge at Lewes, with a basin of the same depth 1,200 feet long and up to 375 feet in width at the latter point; thence a channel 6 feet deep and 50 feet wide (40 feet wide through Deep Cut near Rehoboth) to Rehoboth Bay; a chan- nel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the entrance to Broadkill River; 2 parallel rubble mound jetties 725 feet long at the Re- hoboth Bay entrance; and the construction of 1 highway bridge 238 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 and 1 railroad bridge at Rehoboth. The total length of the sec- tion included in the project is about 12 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range in the waterway opposite the Delaware Bay entrance is 4 feet, at Lewes 3.7 feet, and at Rehoboth 0.6 foot. The ex- treme tidal range is from about 1 foot below mean low water to about 3 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956 is $1,300,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $60,000 contributed funds. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $38,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Act Work authorized Documents 1 July 25, 1912 For a 6-foot-depth canal to connect Rehoboth Bay H. Doec. 823, 60th Cong., 1st sess., and Delaware Bay. and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 51, 61st Cong., 3d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 For a 6-foot-depth entrance near Lewes, for jetties, Rivers and Harbors Committee for widening the canal from Broadkill River to Doc. 56, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Lewes, and basin. Mar. 2, 1945 For a 10-foot-depth from Delaware Bay to Lewes and H. Doc. 344, 77th Cong., 1st sess. in basin, and for extending jetties. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local interests are required to furnish suitable terminal facilities and the necessary spoil-disposal areas for the new work dredging from 6 feet to 10 feet and for subsequent maintenance of the project. Terminal facilities. There are 3 wharves at Lewes, Del.; 1 owned by the town, 1 Government-owned, and 1 privately owned, all open to public use. There are a number of small landings for fishing parties and private boats on the inland waterway. At Lewes, on the north bank of the waterway, the Lewes Anglers As- sociation has constructed a wharf about 600 feet long with slips for fishing party boats. At Rehoboth, there are two private wharves of pile and timber construction. At Henlopen Acres, adjoining Rehoboth, a private yacht basin with accommodations for more than 50 fishing party boats and pleasure craft connects with the canal. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, con- tract: Dredging the 10-foot channel from Lewes to Delaware Bay was commenced May 7, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 56,224 cubic yards, place measure- ment, was removed at a cost of $35,004. Maintenance, contract: Dredging to 6-foot depth in connection with the new work dredging was commenced May 7, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 26,950 cubic yards, place measurement, of material was removed at a cost of $13,365. Other maintenance costs were: Repairing break in bank, $942; and miscellaneous engineering and surveys, $257; a total of $1,199. The cost of all work was $35,004 for new work and $14,564 for RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 239 maintenance, a total of $49,568. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 63 percent complete. The jetties at Rehoboth Bay entrance were completed in 1903 under a previous project; the highway bridge at Rehoboth in 1915, replaced with a new structure in 1926 by the Delaware State Highway Department; the railroad bridge at Rehoboth Beach constructed in 1916 and removed by the Penn- sylvania Railroad Company in 1941; a channel 6 feet deep and 50 feet wide from Broadkill River to Rehoboth Bay, in 1927; the channel widened to 100 feet between Broadkill River and Lewes with basin at Lewes and a new entrance from Delaware Bay 6 feet deep and 200 feet wide, in 1937; and jetties at the Delaware Bay entrance extending to the 6-foot depth curve in the Bay, in 1938. The work remaining to be done is the completion of the deepening of the channel from Delaware Bay to Lewes and the basin at Lewes from 6 feet to 10 feet and extending the existing jetties at the Delaware Bay entrance. The controlling depths at local mean low water were as follows: Entrance channel, in March 1956, 7.2 feet; thence to highway bridge at Lewes, 4.6 feet; thence in October 1955 to Rehoboth Bay, 2.0 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $60,000 con- tributed funds expended for new work, were $470,387 for new work and $115,768 for maintenance, a total of $586,155. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated-------........- ---------- -----. ------------ ------------ $132,000 $567,383 Cost ---------- -------------------- ------------ ------------ 35,095 1470,478 Maintenance: $20,944-- Appropriated ..........------------------- 14,700 115,904 Cost --------------------------- 20,943 --- 14,699 2 115,903 1Pending adjustments inthe amount of-$91 not included. 2Pending adjustment inthe amount of-$135 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .-.... $22, 745 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ --- 22,745 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-___ __ 718, 000 9. WATERWAY FROM INDIAN RIVER INLET TO REHOBOTH BAY, DEL. Location. This waterway is situated in the southeasterly part of Sussex County, connects Rehoboth Bay with Indian River Bay by way of Big Ditch. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1219.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from water of 6-foot depth in Rehoboth Bay to water of the same depth in Indian River Bay by way of Big 240 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Ditch. The total length of the section included in the project is about 2.7 miles. The mean tidal range in the vicinity of the project in Rehoboth Bay is 0.5 foot; in Indian River Bay 0.9 foot. The extreme tidal range is from about 1.5 feet below mean low water to about 2.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $97,000, exclusive of $20,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1948) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $14,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. No. 304, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The act authorizing the project provides that local interests shall give assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, including such damages as may occur to public or leased oyster beds; and (c) make a cash contribution of $20,000 toward the construction of the project. Assurances of local cooperation were approved on February 27, 1956. Conditions of local cooperation have been complied with except that local interests are required to furnish suitable spoil- disposal areas for subsequent maintenance as required. Terminal facilities. There are no terminal or transfer facili- ties in the area that are fully open to public use. However, existing facilities that are available on a limited basis are ade- quate for the present demand, and can be expected to expand to meet future needs. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, con- tract: Dredging the 6-foot channel commenced May 19, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 141,000 cubic yards, place measurement, of material was removed at a cost of $103,393. The cost of all work was $83,393 for new work. In addition, $20,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Dredging the 6-foot channel was nearing completion at the end of the fiscal year. The work remaining to be done was the completion of the 6-foot channel. The costs under the existing project, excluding $20,000 con- tributed funds expended for new work, were $83,393, all for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 241 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------........ ------- ------------ ------------ ---------- $92,000 $92,000 Cost ------- ----------------------------------------------- 77,347 177,347 1 Pending adjustments in the amount of $6,046 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _-_____-- $14, 653 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __-__________- - - __________- 14, 653 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .------------------------------------------------ $20,000 $20,000 Cost_ ------------------------------------------- 20,000 20,000 10. INDIAN RIVER INLET AND BAY, DEL. Location. Indian River rises in Sussex County, Del., and flows easterly 13 miles into Indian River Bay which is a shallow lagoon 6 miles long and 2 miles wide on the Delaware Coast about mid- way between Cape Henlopen and the Maryland State line. The inlet is an opening through the barrier beach separating Indian River Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1219.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of Aug- ust 2, 1882. For further details, see page 744, Annual Report for 1888. Existing project. This provides for the fixation of the inlet by the construction of two parallel jetties of steel sheet pile and stone design extending to approximately the 14-foot depth curve in the ocean, and for dredging an entrance channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide, for a distance of 7,000 feet inshore from the jetties; thence a channel 9 feet deep, 100 feet wide in the bay, and 80 feet wide in the river, to and including a turning basin 9 feet deep, 175 feet wide, and 300 feet long at Old Landing; thence a channel 4 feet deep and 60 feet wide to the highway bridge at Millsboro. The project also provides that the interior channel dimensions may, in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers, be modified as may be found desirable to increase the hydraulic efficiency of the channel, without increasing the cost. The total length of the section included in the project is about 133/4 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range in the ocean at the inlet is 3.8 feet, and at the highway bridge inside the inlet, 2.4 feet. The extreme tidal range at the highway bridge is about 6 feet. 242 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The cost for new work for the completed project was $511,210, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $210,000 contributed funds. The latest (1954) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $50,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 A 15-foot inlet channel, steel and stone jetties, 6-foot Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 channel from end of inlet channel to deep water Doc. 41, 75th Cong., 1st sess. in the bay and authority to modify interior inlet channel. Mar. 2, 1945 A 9-foot channel from inlet to Old Landing, includ- H. Doc. 330, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' ing basin, and 4-foot channel to highway bridge at Millsboro. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish suitable areas for disposal of dredged material during maintenance as and when needed, and provide terminal facilities. Terminal facilities. There is a privately owned basin with berthing facilities for small boats located about three-fourths mile west of the highway bridge near the inlet and one-quarter mile north of the inlet channel, connected therewith by a channel 6 feet deep and 40 feet wide; a United States Coast Guard wharf on the north side of the inlet channel in the same locality; and two wharves at Oak Orchard in Indian River Bay. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Repairs to the south jetty commenced August 2, 1955, and were in progress to October 28, 1955. The contractor declined to continue with the work, claiming changed conditions had been created. The claim was disallowed, and the work was readver- tised. Costs were $36,285. Work under a second contract was commenced on June 5, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Costs were $35,720. Other costs were $89 for miscellaneous engineering and sur- veys. The cost of all work was $72,094 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1951. A channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide, from the ocean to a point 7,000 feet inshore from the ocean shoreline was completed in 1938. The construction of 2 parallel jetties spaced 500 feet apart, each 1,566 feet long with inshore end sections of steel sheet-pile construction reinforced with stone, the north jetty 904 feet long and the south jetty 890 feet long, with the outshore end sections of all stone construction, was com- pleted in 1939. A channel 9 feet deep, 100 feet wide in the bay and 80 feet wide in the river, to and including a turning basin 175 feet wide and 300 feet long at Old Landing, thence a channel 4 feet deep and 60 feet wide to the highway bridge at Millsboro was completed in 1951. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 243 The controlling depths, at mean low water, were as follows: In June 1954 through the inlet to the entrance to the small boat harbor, 9.1 feet; thence in June 1951, to Old Landing, 9.9 feet and thence, in February 1951 to Millsboro, 6.1 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $210,000 con- tributed funds expended for new work, were $511,210 for new work and $343,204 for maintenance, a total of $854,414. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- -$3,709- 12 $521,210 Cost------ ----------- 11,288 -------- ------------------------ ------------ 12 521,210 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 4,863 $1,000 $6,000 $128,000 -$48,000 348,044 Cost ----------------- 4,863 1,000 4,404 4,778 73,318 3 344,544 1 Includes $10,000 for new work for. previous projects. 2 In addition $210,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 5 Pending adjustment in the amount of -$1,340 not included. 11. COOPER RIVER, N. J. Location. This river rises in Camden County, N. J., flows northwesterly 13 miles, passing through the northern part of the city of Camden, and empties into Delaware River opposite the central portion of Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Charts Nos. 280 and 295.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 70 feet wide in Delaware River to the mouth and within the river to what was formerly Browning Chemical Works, 11/2 miles above the mouth. The total length of the section included in the project is about 13/4 miles. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 6 feet. The extreme tidal range is about 14 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $33,102. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $13,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896 (H. Doc. 176, 53d Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report for 1895, p. 1102 et seq.). The latest published map is in House Document 134, 63d Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are 10 wharves on the river, all in the city of Camden; 9 are privately owned and 1 is owned by the city. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Dredging the 12-foot channel was commenced April 19, 1956, and was completed on June 1, 1956. A total of 55,152 cubic yards, place measurement, of material was removed at a cost of $62,908. The cost of all work was $62,908 for maintenance. 244 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1920. The latest examinations in June 1956 show controlling depths at mean low water as follows: From Delaware River to Pennsylvania Railroad bridge, 10.1 feet; and thence to the upper end of the project, 11.5 feet. The costs under the existing project were $33,102 for new work and $298,896 for maintenance, a total of $331,998. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------------------.......... $33,102 Cost.----------- ---------------------------------------------------------- 33,102 Maintenance: Appropriated .-----------....... ----- ------------ $2,643 ----------- $63,400 299,388 Cost_ ------------------------- ------------ 2,643 ------------ 63,400 1299,388 1 Pending adjustment in the amount of -$492 not included. 12. MANTUA CREEK, N. J. Location. This creek rises in Gloucester County, N. J., flows northwesterly 161/2 miles and empties into Delaware River about 10 miles below Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 280 and 295.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882; and modified in 1889. For further details, see page 1784, Annual Report for 1915, and page 342, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 20 feet deep and 110 feet wide from that depth in Delaware River to the Grasselli chemical plant of E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., a distance of 5,400 feet; thence 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the plant of the Strathmann Sand & Gravel Co., 5,900 feet; thence 10 feet deep and 60 feet wide to Friars Landing, 2,000 feet; and thence 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide to Parkers Landing near Mount Royal, 2 miles; a dredged cutoff 3 feet deep and 50 feet wide across a bend in the creek 9,000 feet above Mount Royal; and twin jetties at the mouth of the creek. The section of the creek included in the existing project extends from Delaware River upstream 7 miles to 1 mile below the town of Mantua. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 5.9 feet; at Paulsboro, 5 feet; at Mount Royal, 4.6 feet; and at Man- tua, 3.5 feet. The extreme tidal range is about 10 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $166,687, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $13,800. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor. Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 245 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 A channel of 12-foot, 8-foot, and 7-foot depth to Park- H. Doc. 123, 55th Cong., 2d sess. ers Landing, cutoff above Mount Royal, and jetties Annual Report 1898, p. 1122.' at mouth. Mar. 2, 1907 A dike across old mouth .... .......----------------------- Specified in act. Aug. 30, 1935 A channel of 12-foot and 10-foot depth to Friars Rivers and Harbors Committee Landing. Doc. 14, 73d Cong., 1st sess.' June 20, 1938 A channel of 20-foot depth to the Grasselli Chemical H. Doc. 505, 75th Cong., 3d sess.' Plant. 1 These documents and H. Doc. 523, 61st Cong., 2d sess., contain the latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for main- tenance as required. Terminal facilities. There are 9 wharves of pile and timber construction on this stream. The facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Dredging the 20-foot channel was commenced February 10 and was completed March 12, 1956. A total of 83,926 cubic yards, place measurement, of material was removed, at a cost of $49,453. Other maintenance costs were $52 for miscellaneous engineer- ing and surveys. The cost of all work was $49,505 for maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940. The jetties at the mouth were completed in 1913 and the channel dredging in 1940. The controlling depths at mean low water, were as follows: In March 1956 from Delaware River to I. P. Thomas and Son Co. wharf, 19.8 feet; thence, in December 1948 to Grasselli Chemical Plant, 10.3 feet; thence, in June 1945, to the highway bridge at Paulsboro, 11.1 feet; thence, in April 1942, to Friars Landing, 11.5 feet; thence to Parkers Landing, 6.5 feet; and thence to Mantua, 0.5 foot. The costs under the existing project were $166,687 for new work and $233,330 for maintenance, a total of $400,017. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated...........-------------. ------------. .. -------- --------- ------------ 1$169,687 Cost ------------------------------------- ------------ --------- ------- ' 1169,687 Maintenance: Appropriated---....---------------- --........ ---------- $482 ------------ $49,453 233,278 Cost...............---------------......----------- ------------ 482 ......-----------. 49,453 2 233,278 1 Includes $3,000 for new work for previous projects. 2 Pending adjustment in the amount of $52 not included. 13. COHANSEY RIVER, N. J. Location. This river rises in Salem County, N. J., flows southerly and southwesterly 27 miles through Cumberland County, and empties into Delaware Bay about 62 miles below 246 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1218.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1873, and modified in 1879. For further details, see page 1785, Annual Report for 1915, and page 348, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide from that depth in Delaware Bay through a neck of land at the mouth and within the river to the south side of Glass Street in Bridgeton, 19 miles above the mouth; thence a channel 8 feet deep, 100 feet wide to Broad Street; and thence 75 feet wide to Commerce Street Bridge, 191/4 miles above the mouth; and for a turning basin 12 feet deep and 800 feet long formed by widening the channel on the south side to a maximum width of 250 feet just below Glass Street. The total length of the secton included in the project is about 191/2 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 5.9 feet, and at Bridgeton 6.2 feet. The extreme tidal range is from about 2 feet below mean low water to about 3 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $110,756, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance was $9,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 2, 1907 A channel of 7-foot depth over entire project-....... H. Doc. 645, 59th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 A channel of 12-foot depth to Glass St., thence 8-foot Senate Committee 1 print, 75th depth to Commerce St., with turning basin. Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local interests are required to furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for subsequent maintenance as required. Terminal facilities. There are 18 wharves on this river, of which 15 are at Bridgeton and 3 at Greenwich piers. Three wharves at Bridgeton have direct rail connections. A marine railway is located at the latter place. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Dredging 12-foot channel commenced June 7, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 55,000 cubic yards, place measurement, of material was removed at a cost of $72,898. The cost of all work was $72,898 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. The controlling depths at mean low water were as follows: In June 1945, from deep water in Delaware Bay to the mouth, 11.1 feet; thence, in September 1955, to Glass Street in Bridgeton, 7.1 feet; thence to Broad Street, 4.0 feet; and thence, RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 247 in June 1945, to Commerce Street Bridge, 2.6 feet. The costs under the existing project were $110,756 for new work and $267,555 for maintenance, a total of $378,311. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ ------------------------------------ ------------ ------------ $146,756 Cost------ ------------------------------------------------------------- 146,756 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- ----------- $3,852 -$112,800 307,457 Cost---------------------------3,852 ------------------------ 69,457 2264,114 1 Includes $36,000 for new work for previous projects. 2Pending adjustment in the amount of $3, 441 not included. 14. COLD SPRING INLET, N. J. Location. This inlet is located in Cape May County, southern New Jersey, about 3 miles east of Cape May City and about 16 miles northeast of Delaware Breakwater. The inlet connects Cape May Harbor and New Jersey' Intracoastal Waterway with the Atlantic Ocean and is about 1 mile in length. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey charts Nos. 234, 827, and 1219.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 25 feet deep and 400 feet wide, protected by two parallel jetties, and extending from the 25-foot depth curve in the Atlantic Ocean to a line 500 feet harborward of a line joining the inner ends of the jetties; thence 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide to deep water in Cape May Harbor. The total length of the section included in the project is about 21/4 miles. The mean tidal range at the inner ends of the jetties is 4.3 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to ocean storms, is about 11 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $879,275, exclusive of $100,000 contributed by local interests and $50,000 Navy Department funds. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $48,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 An inlet channel 25 feet deep and jetties . Doc. 388, 59th Cong., 2d sess. 1 H----------- Mar. 2, 1945 A 20-foot channel to deep water in harbor ---------- . ... H. Doc. 262, 77th Cong., 1st sess. 1 This document and Annual Report for 1911, p. 1382, contain the latest published maps. Local cooperation. All cooperation required under the act of 1907 has been completed, except the work of deepening and en- larging the inner harbor, which is 80 percent complete. Terminal facilities. Wharves with docking facilities for com- mercial fishing vessels and fishing party boats are located on the inner end of the harbor at Cape May. There is also a well- equipped marine railway adjoining the fish dock, a number of 248 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 small wharves for private craft and party boats, and a yacht basin with accommodations for about 50 boats. North of the inlet channel at Wildwood Crest is another large well-equipped wharf for commercial fishing boats. Both fish docks have direct rail- road connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, hired labor: Costs for miscellaneous engineering and surveys in prep- aration for dredging between the jetties were $1,835. The cost of all work was $1,835 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1942. The jetties were completed in 1911 and the 25-foot chan- nel between the jetties in 1917. The 20-foot channel in the har- bor was completed in 1942 with Navy Department funds. The jetties are spaced 850 feet apart. The east jetty is 4,548 feet long and the west jetty 4,410 feet long, with inshore end wings 750 feet and 297 feet long, respectively. The wings of both jetties and the 2,000-foot inshore end section of the west jetty are of stone-filled pile and timber construction, and the entire east jetty and the outshore portion of the west jetty are of rubble- mound construction. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, as follows: Minimum depths Project: Date Section depth Left Midchannel Right outside for half proj- outside quarter ect width quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet May 1956 ..... Between jetties ------------------------- 25 18.7 16.8 15.9 March 1956_ .... Inner end of jetties to Cape May Harbor.. 20 13.0 16.7 11.0 June 1945-..... Thence to Coast Guard Wharves ---------. 20 8.5 18.9 13.5 The costs under the existing project, excluding $100,000 con- tributed by local interests and $50,000 Navy Department funds expended for new work, were $879,275 for new work and $767,654 for maintenance, a total of $1,646,929. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956, includ- ing fiscal years 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 priorto 19521 New work: Appropriated ------------ .........------------ ---------------------- -----------..................... $879,275 Cost.....-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 879,275 Maintenance: Appropriated........ - -$1,493 $6,000 $44,000 -$2,737 $1,346 767,665 Cost-......... 4,664 42,098 ------------- 1,846 2 767,665 1In addition, $50,000 Navy Department funds and $100,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 2 Pending adjustment in the amount of -$11 not included. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 249 15. ABSECON INLET, N. J. Location. This inlet is located on the coast of New Jersey about 65 miles north of Delaware Breakwater, between Brigantine Beach on the north and Absecon Beach on the south. It forms the entrance to the harbor at Atlantic City, N. J. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 826 and 1217.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912. The project was completed in 1916. For further de- tails see Annual Report for 1936, page 319. Existing project.. This provides for an inlet entrance channel 20 feet deep at mean low water and 400 feet wide, for an entrance channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the inlet channel into Clam Creek, and for a turning basin 15 feet deep within Clam Creek. The act authorizing the inlet entrance channel also pro- vides that should the channel at any time have a deleterious effect on the Atlantic City Beach, work upon the improvement may cease; it being understood that the project is adopted on the basis that the interests of the beach in front of the city are superior to those of the inlet. The total length of the section included in the project is about 11/2 miles. The mean tidal range in the ocean is 4 feet and at the inlet gorge 3.6 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to ocean storms, is about 11 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956 is $255,000. The latest (1954) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $200,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 22, 1922 An inlet entrance channel 20 feet deep-------------H. Doc. 375, 67th Cong., 2d sess. July 24, 1946 A channel 15 feet deep into Clam Creek and a turning H. Doc. 504, 79th Cong., 2d sess. basin. (contains the latest published map). Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local in- terests are required to furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required for the dredging of the entrance channel into Clam Creek and the turning basin within Clam Creek. Terminal facilities. There are 9 wharves served by this im- provement; 1 is Government-owned, 6 are privately owned and open to general public use upon payment of moderate wharfage, and 2 are publicly owned. Three of the wharves have direct railroad connection. There is also a continuous line of piers or landing places for pleasure craft on both sides of the large basins which indent the south shore of the inner channel. There are 3 shipyards and 3 marine railways at this locality. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, hired labor: Dredging in the 20-foot channel by U. S. hopper dredge Hyde was in progress during the fiscal year. There were removed 261,817 cubic yards, place measurement of material. The costs 250 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 were $136,931. The cost of all work was $136,931 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was about 92 per- cent complete. The inlet channel was completed in 1938. The work remaining to be done is the dredging of an entrance channel from the inlet channel into Clam Creek and a turning basin in Clam Creek. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water as follows: Minimum depths Project Date Section depth Left Midchannel Right outside for half proj- outside quarter ect width quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet May 1956-_ .... Entrance channel....----------------------- 20 16.0 9.1 3.1 June 1955-....... Thence to Brigantine Bridge----------------------.......----------11.9 The costs under the existing project were $208,648 for new work and $2,284,222 for maintenance, a total of $2,492,870. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated...............------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $435,145 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 435,145 Maintenance: Appropriated------........ $18,000 $98,677 $158,000 $141,700 $127,500 2,510,527 Cost ----------------.... 85,496 96,556 150,506 149,826 129,010 22,510,415 21Includes $226,497 for new work and $235,786 for maintenance Pending adjustment in the amount of $9, 593 not included. for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ________________________ -____ $46, 000 16. BARNEGAT INLET, N. J. Location. This inlet is located on the east coast of New Jersey, about 50 miles south of Sandy Hook. It forms the main entrance to Barnegat Bay, the largest of the bays on the New Jersey coast which are separated from the ocean by narrow barrier beaches. The inlet lies between Island Beach on the north and Long Beach on the south. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 825 and 1216.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep through the inlet and 10 feet through the outer bar, the channel to be protected by two converging stone jetties extending to the 12- foot contour in the ocean and spaced 1,000 feet apart at the outer ends; a channel of suitable hydraulic characteristics extending in a northwesterly direction from the gorge in the inlet to Oyster Creek Channel just northwest of Sunset Shoal, thence via Oyster Creek Channel to deep water in the bay; and the maintenance of a chan- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 251 nel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide to connect Barnegat City Harbor with the main inlet channel. The total length of the section in- cluded in the project is about 4.5 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the inlet gorge is 2.7 feet and in Barnegat Bay 0.5 foot. The extreme tidal range at the inlet is from about 2 feet below mean low water to about 3 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $448,849, exclusive of $300,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $56,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts : Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 An 8-foot depth through the inlet to Oyster Creek. Rivers and Harbors Committee Channel across inner bar, 10-foot depth through Doc. 19, 73d Cong., 2d sess.' outer bar and for jetties. Aug. 26, 1937 A channel of suitable hydraulic characteristics from Rivers and Harbors Committee the gorge to Oyster Creek Channel, and thence to Doc. 85, 74th Cong., 2d sess.' deep water in bay. July 24, 1946 Maintenance dredging of a channel to connect the H. Doc. 358, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' main inlet channel with Barnegat City Harbor. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 4 docks or terminals located in the inner harbor at Barnegat Light which furnish adequate facili- ties for the present commerce of the locality. Three are privately owned and are used for fishing interests. One is Government- owned. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: The work of dredging the channel through the inlet and to Barnegat Light Harbor, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, was considered completed September 23, 1955. A total of 116,216 cubic yards, place measurement, was removed. Costs were $69,457. Maintenance, hired labor: Surveys and channel examinations were made at a cost of $7,734. Hydraulic studies of the inlet were made at a cost of $2,877. The cost of all work was $80,068 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940. The dredging of a channel from the inlet gorge to Oyster Creek Channel 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide and thence a channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide through Oyster Creek Channel to Barnegat Bay was completed in 1939. The converging jetties were completed in 1940. The north jetty is 4,900 feet long and the south jetty 2,950 feet long. The inshore end sections, 769 feet and 450 feet long, respectively, are of pile and timber con- struction reinforced with stone, and the outshore ends of both jetties are of rubblemound construction. The latest examinations show a navigable channel with controlling depths, at mean low water, as follows: In April 1956, from the ocean to the inlet gorge, 5.2 feet; thence to the inner end of the inlet channel, 5.5 feet; 252 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 and thence, in August 1946, through Oyster Creek Channel to Barnegat Bay, 6.9 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $300,000 con- tributed funds expended for new work, were $448,849 for new work and $1,514,385 for maintenance, a total of $1,963,234. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ Cost .__. ------------ --------- -------------- ._. .__.. . . . . . . . ._.. __.. ------------ ------------ 1$448,849 .__.. . . . 1448,849 Maintenance: Appropriated--------.....------------ $2,000 $286,750 $17,000 $23,905 1,507,484 Cost ------------ ------------------------ 12,930 241,431 75,293 21,507,484 1 In addition, $300,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 2 Pending adjustments in the amount of $6,901 not included. 17. MANASQUAN RIVER, N. J. Location. This is a small stream located in the eastern part of New Jersey, rising near Freehold and flowing easterly to the Atlantic Ocean, which it enters about 26 miles south of Sandy Hook. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 795.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879. For further details, see Annual Report for 1909, page 186, and Annual Report for 1938, page 269. Existing project. This provides for a channel 14 feet deep and 250 feet wide, protected by jetties and other works, extending from the Atlantic Ocean to the inner end of the north jetty, thence 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide to within 700 feet of the New York & Long Branch Railroad bridge, thence of same depth and narrow- ing to a width of 100 feet to within 300 feet of the bridge; for a widening on the northerly side of the channel of 200 feet for a dis- tance of 3,150 feet to a depth of 8 feet; for an anchorage of 19 acres in area to a depth of 10 feet on the south side of the channel and for an anchorage of 27.5 acres in area to a depth of 12 feet about 0.5 miles west of route 35 highway bridge. Length of sec- tion included in project is about 1.5 miles. Mean tidal range is 3.7 feet at the inner end of the inlet and 4 feet at ocean end; mean range of spring tides, 4.4 and 4.8 feet, respectively; irregular fluc- tuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 2.7 feet below to 7.5 feet above mean low water at the inner end of the inlet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956 is $957,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects and $300,000 contributed by local interests. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1954, is $36,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 253 Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Channel 8 feet deep and provision of works designed H. Doc. 482, 70th Cong., 2d sess. to secure the channel. Aug. 30, 1935 ------- Widening of channel on northerly side ....... _ Senate Committee Document, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Deepening channel to 12 and 14 feet; 10- and 12-foot H. Doc. 356, 77th Cong., 1st sess. anchorages. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable areas properly diked for disposal of dredged material, for new work and maintenance when and as needed; convey to the United States, free of cost, a perpetual easement to excavate all lands above ordinary high water required for the im- provement; and release the United States from all claims for dam- age resulting from the improvement. Assurances of local coopera- tion furnished by local interests in connection with the deepening of the channel only, were approved by the Chief of Engineers on February 15, 1951. The requirements under prior acts have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Five landings with a total wharfage of 700 feet, used by commercial fishermen, and 7 landings and boat basins for pleasure craft are located along the river and its branches. The pleasure boat landings and basins are equipped with marine railways, boatbuilding and repair facilities, and boat storage facilities. Two yacht clubs with a mooring capacity of 45 boats and numerous pleasure boat landings are also located along the waterway. The existing facilities are considered adequate for present requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Rehabilitation of the north stone jetty, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, was completed July 1, 1955. Costs were $2,192. Rehabilitation of the steel sheet-pile bulkhead on the south side of the channel, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, was completed September 15, 1955. Costs were $31,817. The cost of all work for maintenance was $34,009. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 82 percent complete. Two rubblemound jetties, 1,230 feet long north of the entrance and 1,030 feet long south of the entrance, were completed in 1931. Two steel bulkheads, each 950 feet long, at the inshore ends of the jetties, were completed in 1937. A steel bulkhead 698 feet long and two steel groins of an aggregate length of 570 feet, constructed on the northerly beach, were completed in 1938. A channel 10 feet deep and 250 feet wide from the 10-foot depth curve in the ocean to a point near the inshore ends of the jetties and thence 8 feet deep and 300 feet wide to a point 700 feet below the New York and Long Branch Railroad bridge was com- pleted in 1933, and the widening on the northerly side of the chan- nel was completed in 1938. The work remaining to be done is the deepening of the channel between the jetties from 10 feet to 14 feet, thence to a point 700 feet below the railroad bridge from 8 feet 254 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 196 to 12 feet, and extending the 12-foot channel to within 300 feet of the railroad bridge; also the dredging of the 19-acre anchorage south of the channel and 27.5-acre anchorage west of the highway bridge. The controlling depth in the channel at mean low water in June 1956 from the Atlantic Ocean to the inshore ends of the jetties was 11.5 feet; and thence, to the railroad bridge, 9.3 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $300,000 con- tributed funds expended for new work, were $335,342 for new work and $802,263 for maintenance, a total of $1,137,605. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 195612 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..................------------------------------------------------------------ $374,342 Cost--------_ ------------ ------------------------ ------------ ------------ 374,342 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... $650 $6,200 $76,500 $209,653 -$60,877 804,447 Cost----------------- 650 4,676 62,160 129,579 35,060 3 804,447 1Includes $39, 000 for new work and $2,054 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $300,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 3Pending adjustment in the amount of -$130 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______________- $622, 000 18. NEW JERSEY INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY Location. This waterway, a sea-level inland water route ap- proximately parallel with the New Jersey coast, extends from the Atlantic Ocean at Manasquan Inlet, about 26 miles south of Sandy Hook, N. J., to Delaware Bay about 3 miles above Cape May Point. The waterway extends through the inlet and up Manasquan River a distance of about 2 miles; thence by the Manasquan-Bayhead Canal through high ground for a distance of 2 miles to the head of Barnegat Bay. It then passes through a series of bays, lagoons, and thoroughfares along the New Jersey coast to Cape May Har- bor; thence across Cape May County to Delaware Bay through a land cut by way of the New England Creek basin. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 234, 795, 825, 826, 827, 1216, 1217, 1218, and 1219.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and generally 100 feet wide, extending from the Atlantic Ocean at Manasquan Inlet, N. J., to Delaware Bay above Cape May, N. J., by the further improvement of Manasquan River and Inlet, N. J., and the present New Jersey Intracoastal Water- way, and by the construction of a canal of similar dimensions from Cape May Harbor to Delaware Bay via the New England Creek basin, with adequate jetties at the Delaware Bay entrance. The total length of the project is about 117 miles. Normal tidal range in sections of the waterway remote from inlets is 0.5 foot. Near the inlets the mean tidal range generally is 3 feet; in the ocean, 4 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 255 feet; at the head of Cape May Harbor, 4.6 feet; and in Delaware Bay, near the entrance, 4.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $54,000, exclusive of $1,824,940 Navy Department funds and $99,000 con- tributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $160,000. The portion of the project extending from Manasquan River to Cape May Harbor is to be restudied and is excluded from the new work cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $6,470,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 133, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (PL 525, 79th Cong., 2d sess., as extended by PL No. 240, 82d Cong., dated October 30, 1951), authorized the use for a period not to exceed 6 years, of funds from appropriations heretofore or hereafter made for maintenance and improvement of rivers and harbors, for the maintenance of the canal from Cape May Harbor to Delaware Bay constructed as an emergency wartime project with Navy Department funds, including the cost of maintaining the tem- porary railroad and seashore highway bridges over the canal. Local cooperation. The project is subject to the conditions that the State of New Jersey cede to the United States all right, title, and interest that it has acquired to lands, easements, rights-of-way, and structures other than bridges for the Manasquan-Bayhead Canal; that the State of New Jersey furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and disposal areas required for construction of the Cape May Canal and for im- provement of the proposed waterway and for their subsequent maintenance; that local interests provide, maintain, and operate suitable bridges over the waterway; that the State of New Jersey donate to the United States the navigation aids in use on the present New Jersey Intracoastal Waterway; and that the State of New Jersey hold and save the United States and its agents free from any claims for damages resulting from the work of improve- ment. Compliance with these conditions was completed January 15, 1954, except that local interests are required to furnish dis- posal areas for the construction and the subsequent maintenance of the proposed improvement. Terminal facilities. There are numerous piers, wharves, and docks at resorts located at or adjacent to the waterway, most of which are open to general public use, and fuel, water, and other supplies are readily available. Public and privately owned boat basins are located in a number of streams entering the bays and thoroughfares through which the waterway passes. Boat repair and storage yards with marine railways for small craft are also scattered along the waterway. Transfer facilities, including facilities for icing, storing, and shipping food fish, are available at most of the larger communities along the waterway, including Atlantic City, Wildwood, and Cape May. The plants at the two 256 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 latter places have direct railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: The fencing of Bayhead-Manasquan Canal was com- menced March 5 and was completed May 2, 1956. Costs were $57,678. Maintenance, hired labor: Channel examinations of the water- way were made at a cost of $703. The cost of all work was $58,381 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 25 percent complete. A canal 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Cape May Harbor to Delaware Bay was completed in 1942; 2 parallel stone jetties at the Delaware Bay entrance and a tem- porary highway drawbridge in 1943; and a temporary highway drawbridge and a railroad bridge in 1944, all with Navy Depart- ment funds. The work remaining to be done is the dredging of a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the Atlantic Ocean at Manasquan Inlet to Cape May Harbor. The latest examinations show controlling depths, at mean low water, as follows: Minimum depths Date Section Left Midchannel Right outside for half proj- outside quarter ect width quarter Feet Feet Feet May 1946-....... N. Y. & L. B. Railroad bridge (Manasquan River) I 9.2 1..-.....- to Bayhead. June 1955-....... Bayhead to point opposite Waretown . _... __ 1 5.5. 1............ March 1956 . . Thence to Little Egg Inlet------------------______ ......- 1 2.9 Do -.......... Thence to Albany Ave., Atlantic City...... -............ - 1 3.0 May 1946-....... Thence to 9th St., Ocean City-.----__-.. ....-.......- 1 5.7 June 1954- .... Thence to Townsend Inlet . ______________..........___---------- 14.5 January 1954 ..- Thence to Rio Grand Ave. Bridge, Wildwood-.. _ _ _ 1 5.2 .. May 1946-....... Thence to Cape May Harbor---------------------__________________ __ 18.9 March 1955 .---.. Thence via Cape May Canal to Delaware Bay_ . 8.1 10.6 9.0 1 In 80 percent of channel width. The costs under the existing project, excluding $1,824,940, expended for new work, $286,954 for maintenance from Navy Department funds, and $99,000 contributed funds expended for new work, were $53,694 for new work, $522,547 for maintenance, and $40,000 for operating and care, a total of $616,241. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 257 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 195612 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...------------------------------------------------------------ $53,695 Cost_--------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 53,695 Maintenance: Appropriated........ Cost_ -------.-.. -- $32,800 34, 379 $14,587 15,908 103,426 $191,000 $12,300- 92,458 $50,500 57,916 3 561,687 561,687 1 In addition, $1,824,940 Navy Department funds and $99,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 32 In addition, $286,955 Navy Department funds were expended for maintenance. Pending adjustments in the amount of $860 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____ _ _ _ _ _ _ $6, 470, 000 19. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey conducted 1. Little River, Del__-..-----------.----.----.--.--.. - $161 November 1955. 2. Smyrna River, Del__-.-..--..-..-.---.-.-.--.--.-- 69 November 1955. 3. Big Timber Creek, N. J-....-......... --......... -- 138 October 1955. 4. Delaware River at Camden, N. J-------------------- 102 August 1955. 5. Maurice River, N. J_..............----. ---.--....-- 518 December 1955. 6. Raccoon Creek, N. J_....---.....-.----... ---..-.-... 42 November 1955. Total cost during fiscal year ----------------------- 1,030 258 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 20. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Absecon Creek, N. J__ ...... - ..----- - 1950 $11,935 $68,230 (1) 2. Alloway Creek, N. J.2 3--- -1931 21,398 33,002 (1) 3. Appoquinimink River, Del.2 8 4 1931 36,973 41,099 $15,000 4. Big Timber Creek, N. J_--.----.___. .____ 1949 6 58,665 6 11,535 (1) 5. Broadkill River, Del.2 2 3_-------------------_ 1953 68,228 101,854 (1) 6. Chester River, Pa. 3 7 8-------__...--.._ _ ___ 1931 6,000 650 26,000 7. Delaware River N.Y., N.J., and Pa., at or near the mouth of Neversink River 3 49 1917 ___________....... ... ______ o064,000 8. Delaware River at Camden, N.J........------------ 1955 11462,906 12235,158 713,000 9. Dennis Creek, N.J.2 3......._______________ _ 1897 4,701 --------------- (1) 10. Double Creek, N..8 ,3------------ 1912 7,800 (la) (1) 11. Goshen Creek, N.J.2 a _ 1905 15,359 870 (1) 12. Harbor of Refuge, Delaware Bay, Del- ..... - 1952 145,162,230 120,456 (1) 13. Ice Harbor at Marcus Hook, Pa.1 -_----- -1928 208,964 14,336 (1) 14. Ice Harbor at New Castle, Del.1is.----- -_ 1898 224,704 .............. (1) 15. Inland Waterway from Chincoteague Bay, Va. to Del. Bay, Del.3 186 . . . 1939 17168,412 181942,794 (1) 16. Leipsic River, Del.2 8 1931 36,956 32,243 (1) 17. Little Egg Harbor, N.J. 9- -- ___ (20) 15,048-.------------ (1) 18. Little River, Del.3__ - - ___.....___. - - - -- 1946 12,016 2147,969 (1) 19. Maurice River, N. J.-22...... 1948 23143,984 24122,899 132,000 20. Oldmans Creek, N. J.2 8 4 ....... .... 1941 31,188 31,736 260,800 21. Raccoon Creek, N.J_ -- ------------- 1949 25 83,665 26 218,978 (1) 22. Rancocas River, N.J.2 4-.----.. ---- ____ 1942 44,500 13,090 138,500 23. Salem River, N.J.27_ 1947 Dealware River to fixed bridge 28 - - - _ -_ -- 29107,634 _ -.......... 173,346 (1) Penns Neck Bridge to fixed bridge 30.so.__._ _____... _ __a-- 8128,200 24. Schuylkill - -River - - - - - - Fairmount -- - - - - - above - - - - - - - - - - -Dam, - -- -- -- Pa. 1955 4,291,810 (13) (1) 25. Smyrna River, Del_-- .------.............. 1949 Delaware River to wharf at Smyrna Landing 2832- ..------ 198,844 83195,678 (1) Wharf at Smyrna Landing to fixed bridge 34- - 2- - - -- - - - - - - ...............- ------------ 11,200 26. St. Jones River, Del. _ _ _ _............... 1950 Delaware Bay to landing at Dover 2835- - - 207,102 65,318 (1) Landing at Dover upstream 34___________ ______________ ______________ 19,000 Jetties and new 3entrance at mouth 34_ __--- -_- -- -... 1,361,500 27. Toms River, N.J. ..... .......----------------------- 1950 Channel 5 feet deep 28__________________10,050 19,985 (1) 84_ Channel 12 feet deep 2_ - - - - - - - - - - - -_ 355,000 28. Tuckerton Creek, N.J. - 1955 60,242 231,167 (1) 29. Woodbury Creek, N.J.2 3_-.................. 1940 8627,093 55,406 (1) 1 Completed. 2 Channel adequate for commerce. 3 No commerce reported. 4 Inactive. Cost estimate last revised in 1954. 5 Exclusive of $50,000 contributed by local interests. 6 Includes $138 expended for examination of entrance channel. 7 Inactive. Cost estimate last revised in 1951. 8 Includes $6,000 new work and $63 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. 9 Abandonment recommended in H. Doec. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 10 Exclusive of amount to be contributed by local interests. The authorization of this project provided for local interests to deposit with the United States $54,780 for the accomplishment of certain work. The latest estimate (1954) for this work is $153,000. 11In addition $15,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 12Includes $102 expended for channel examination. 3 Maintenance assumed by local interests as required by law. 14Includes $2,749,452 new work funds expended on previous projects. 15 Harbor not now required by commerce. 16 Cost of maintaining bridges assumed by State of Delaware. 17 Entire amount expended on previous project repealed in 1905. 18Exclusive of $2,000 contributed by State of Dealware. 19Includes $25,330 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. 20Last appropriation for the project was in 1852. No information is at hand relative to the work done. 21Includes $161 expended for channel examination. 22Deferred. Cost estimate last revised in 1955. 23 Includes $43,000 new work funds expended on previous projects. 24Includes $518 expended for channel examination. 25 Includes $557 new work funds expended on previous projects. 26Includes $42 expended for condition surveys. 27Includes $55,809 new work and $48,000 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. n Active portion of project. FLOOD CONTROL-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 259 See footnotes at end of table. 29Exclusive of $51,825 contributed by local interests. 30Deferred. Dredged under previous project to 9 feet deep. Cost estimate last revised in 1953. a1In addition local interests are required to contribute an equal amount. 82Includes $55,085 new work and $22,723 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. 3aIncludes $69 expended for condition surveys. 84Deferred. Cost estimate last revised in 1954. 86Includes $54,590 new work and $28,936 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. 38 Includes $2,950 new work funds expended on previous projects. 21. BEAR CREEK RESERVOIR, LEHIGH RIVER, PA. Location. The site of Bear Creek Reservoir is in northeastern Pennsylvania on the Lehigh River between White Haven and Stoddartsville. The dam site is a short distance below the mouth of Bear Creek, approximately 60 miles above the city of Allentown, and 77 miles above the confluence of the Lehigh River with the Delaware River at Easton, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet "Stoddartsville, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a single-purpose flood-control reservoir having a capacity of 110,000 acre-feet, formed by an earth dam 3,000 feet long at the crest rising 234 feet above the riverbed, with gate-controlled outlet works discharging through a tunnel in the west abutment, and a spillway located in the dam. The reservoir will control the runoff from a drainage area of 288 square miles. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (H. Doc. 587, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) The current estimate of Federal cost of new work revised in 1956 is $17,730,000 for construction and $470,000 for lands, damages, and relocations, a total of $18,200,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. No local cooperation required. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, contract: Construction of the outlet works under a continuing contract com- menced on May 8, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The costs were $63,382. New work, hired labor: Planning for the outlet works was completed. Planning for other phases of construction was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The costs for all planning were $77,454. Other costs: Costs for acquisition of land were $1,861. The cost of all work was $142,697 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction work on the project was commenced on May 8, 1956, with preliminary work on the outlet tunnel. Planning for the initial construction was com- pleted. Planning for other phases of construction was in progress. The work remaining to be done is the completion of the outlet works and the construction of the dam and appurtenances. The costs under the existing project were $653,857 for new work. 260 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ---- -$68,027 ------------- $4,517 $15,000 $310,000 $821,490 Cost .-------------- - 434 ------------ 1,867 17,498 159,119 1669,974 1 Pending adjustments in the amount of -$16,117 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _.___ $5, 137 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - _ --- 2,250,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________-__________ ----------- 2, 255, 137 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_-_________ __________-_- 15, 128, 500 22. ALLENTOWN, LEHIGH RIVER, PA. Location. Allentown is located in Lehigh County on the Lehigh River, 17 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheets, "Allentown and Allentown West, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for widen- ing and deepening the channel of Lehigh River and easing the abrupt turn and approaches thereto at the mouth of Little Lehigh Creek; it also provides for a training dike and levees, and the neces- sary appurtenant structures. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (H. Doc. 587, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) The current estimate of Federal cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $2,210,000 for construction. The estimated local cost for lands, damages, and utility alterations, revised in 1956, is $53,000. Local Cooperation. The project is subject to the condition that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the improvements; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works, and (c) maintain and operate the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Assurances of cooperation have not been furnished by local interests. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work, contract: Design, plans and specifications were made at a cost of $32,707. The cost of all work was $32,707 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been done. The preparation of plans and specifications is about 50 percent complete. The costs under the existing project were $122,168 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 261 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated. $20,000 $25,000 $5,000 -$539 $35,000 $124,461 COst ---- 43,867 30,003 14,455 194 32,560 1122,021 1 Pending adjustment in the amount of $147 not included. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ $95, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___------------________________ 95, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_________________---------- _____1,990, 000 23. BETHLEHEM, LEHIGH RIVER, PA. Location. Bethlehem is located in Northampton and Lehigh Counties on the Lehigh River 16 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet, "Allentown, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for concrete floodwalls, paved-slope earth levees, with incidental struc- tures on Lehigh River and on Monocacy Creek, and pumping facili- ties to remove storm water from protected areas during flood periods. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $8,440,000 for construction. The estimate of local costs for lands, damages, a new bridge superstructure, and highway and utility alterations, revised in 1956, is $1,490,000. Local cooperation. The project was approved subject to the condition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way neces- sary for the construction of the improvements; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works, and (c) maintain and operate the works after completion in accord- ance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Assurances of cooperation have not been furnished by local inter- ests. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, contract: Preparation of design memoranda and field work required for the preparation of plans and specifications was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The costs were $95,215. The cost of all work was $95,215 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary planning and the preparation of plans and specifications is in progress. The costs under the existing project were $27,711, all for new work. 262 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated....-----.......------------------------...........------..........-----------.......... $55,000 $55,000 Cost .........------------------------------------------------------- 27,003 127,003 1Pending adjustment in the amount of $708 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _______ $27, 997 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___________________ 85, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_____ ____________________________ 112, 997 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________________ ____ 8, 300, 000 24. DYBERRY RESERVOIR, DYBERRY CREEK, PA. Location. The site of Dyberry Reservoir is in the Dyberry Creek valley in the central part of Wayne County, Pa., between the borough of Honesdale and the village of Tanners Falls. The dam site is approximately 3 miles above the confluence of Dyberry Creek and Lackawaxen River in Honesdale and 29 miles above the confluence of the Lackawaxen and Delaware Rivers. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet, "Honesdale, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a single-purpose flood-control reservoir having a capacity of 24,500 acre-feet formed by an earth embankment, approximately 1,280 feet long at the crest and rising 112 feet above the creekbed. It also provides for a tunnel, with intake structure and stilling basin, in the left abutment, a chute-type spillway and stilling basin in the left abutment. The reservoir will control the runoff from a drain- age area of 65 square miles which is 91 percent of the watershed of Dyberry Creek and 39 percent of the Lackawaxen River water- shed above Honesdale, Pa. Construction of the project was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. (H. Doc. 113, 80th. Cong., 1st sess.) The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $6,676,000 for construction and $1,444,000 for lands, damages, and relocations, a total of $8,120,000. Local cooperation. The project is subject to the conditions that responsible local agencies furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will remove the three existing low dams in the Lackawaxen River at Honesdale, Pa., and estab- lish satisfactory measures to preserve the flood-carrying capaci- ties of the stream channels below the proposed reservoir. These assurances have not been furnished by local interests; however, the three low dams at Honesdale have been removed. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work, contract: Preparation of design memoranda, and field work required for preparation of plans and specifications was in progress at the end FLOOD CONTROL-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 263 of the fiscal year. The costs were $95,215. The cost of all work was $95,215 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. Preliminary planning and the preparation of plans and specifications is in progress. The costs under the existing project were $223,585, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------- -$830 -------------------- ------------ $125,000 $253,370 Cost----------------------------- $50 ------------ ------------ 92,741 1221,111 1 Pending adjustments inthe amount of$2, 474not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $7, 326 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - 600, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___-__- _ __- _______ _ _ -__ 607, 326 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------ __ 7,266, 600 25. PROMPTON RESERVOIR, LACKAWAXEN RIVER, PA. Location. The site of Prompton Reservoir is in the Lackawaxen River valley in the central part of Wayne County, Pa., between the borough of Prompton and the village of Aldenville. The dam site is within the corporate limits of Prompton, 4 miles upstream from Honesdale, Pa., and approximately 30 miles above the con- fluence of the Lackawaxen and Delaware Rivers. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet, "Honesdale, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a single-purpose flood-control reservoir having a capacity of 48,300 acre-feet formed by an earth embankment, approximately 1,230 feet long at the crest and rising 140 feet above the riverbed. It also provides for an uncontrolled outlet conduit of reinforced con- crete, with intake structure and stilling basin, and an emergency spillway located high on the right abutment. The reservoir will control the runoff from 60 square miles which is 64 percent of the area drained by the river above its confluence with Dyberry Creek and 36 percent of the Lackawaxen River watershed above Hones- dale, Pa. Construction of the project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. (14. Doc. 113, 80th. Cong., 1st sess.) The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $4,989,000 for construction and $1,211,000 for lands, damages, and relocations, a total of $6,200,000. Local cooperation. The project as recommended is subject to the conditions that responsible local agencies furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will remove the three existing low dams in the river at Honesdale, Pa., and estab- 264 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 lish satisfactory measures to preserve the flood-carrying capacities of the stream channels below the proposed reservoir. These assur- ances have not been furnished by local interests; however, the three low dams at Honesdale have been removed. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, contract: Preparation of design memoranda, plans, and specifications was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The costs were $48,682. The cost of all work was $48,682 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. The preparation of plans and specifications is about 30 percent complete. The costs under the existing project were $215,997, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 .1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------- -$3,025 -$460 _-------------$100,000 $267,315 Cost-------------- - 455 52 _ 47,250 1214,565 1 Pending adjustments in the amount of $1,432 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956....... $3, 455 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------- ------- 550, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_-- ___ . 553,455 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project --- 5, 382, 700 26. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual amount re- Report Operation quired to for- Construction and mainte- complete nance 1. Mt. Holly, N. J--........----------------------- 1946 283,655 (1) (2) 1 Maintenance assumed by local authorities as required by act authorizing the project. 2 Completed. 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS The cost of this work during the fiscal year amounted to $413. FLOOD CONTROL--PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 265 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated --------------------------- ------------ ------------ $500 $560 Cost----------------- $58 $2 ------------ 500 1560 1 Pending adjustment in the amount of -$87 not included. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal' year ending June 30, 1957 ____ $500 Unobligated balance available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- _______________________ _ 500 28. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood fighting and reserve work. (PL 99, 84th Cong., 1st sess. and antecedent legislation.) Flood-control emergencies-advance preparation. Annual revi- sion of the flood-emergency manual was made at a cost of $1,171 for maintenance. Flood-emergency operations. Postflood reports covering the damages resulting from the floods of August and October 1955 were made at a cost of $70,865 for maintenance. Repair and restoration. Repairs were made to the levee along Chester River, above Ninth Street, Chester, Pa. The levee was damaged in the flood of August 1955. Costs were $5,360 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary FLOOD EMERGENCY OPERATIONS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated..--------....----------------- ----------------- - $71,500 $71,500 Cost------------------ -----------------------------------.......... 71,500 71,500 1 Pending adjustments in the amount of -$865 not included. REPAIR AND RESTORATION Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 Maintenance: Appropriated----------------- ----------------------- -------- $7,150 $7,150 Cost-------------------- ----------------------------------- 7,150 7,150 1 Pending adjustments in the amount of -$1,790 not included. 266 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 29. COLD SPRING INLET (CAPE MAY HARBOR), N. J. Location. Cold Spring Inlet is located 6 miles east of the point of Cape May, the southwestern extremity of the New Jersey coast- line, at the entrance to Delaware Bay from the Atlantic Ocean. The area to be protected comprises a portion of shore frontage of Cape May City, about 12,700 feet long, midway between Cold Spring Inlet and the point of Cape May. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 234, 827, 1218, and 1219.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in beach erosion control through the contribution of funds equal to one-third of the first cost of protective and improvement measures along the publicly owned frontage of Cape May City, N. J., under the policy set forth in Public Law 727, 79th Congress, approved August 13, 1946, or 20.4 percent of the total cost. The recom- mended plan includes placing sandfill to restore the beach, con- struction of 5 new timber groins, and extension of 5 existing stone groins between Wilmington Avenue and a point 3,300 feet west of Windsor Avenue. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 206, 83d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. The estimated Federal share of the cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $263,000. The estimated cost to local interests, revised in 1956 is $1,027,000. Local cooperation. The project was approved subject to the provisions that local interests: (a) Adopt the recommended plan of restoration and protection; (b) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers prior to commencement of work, detailed plans and specifications and the arrangements for prosecuting the work; (c) assure maintenance of the protective and improvement meas- ures during their useful life, as may be required to serve their in- tended purpose, including replenishment of the stockpile; (d) pro- vide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way; (e) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prose- cution of the work; (f) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (g) as- sure continued public ownership of the shore upon which the amount of Federal participation is based, and its administration for public use only. The Board of Commissioners of the City of Cape May, in a resolution adopted May 13, 1955, agreed to and accepted the requirements of local cooperation. Assurances of compliance with the requirements of local coopera- tion were accepted by the Chief of Engineers on October 4, 1955. Operations and results during fiscal year. Federal funds: Inspections of the work and an audit of the local costs were made at a cost of $719. A Federal participation payment in the amount of $22,238 was made, based on the work completed to date by local interests in accordance with the plan of improvement. The total costs were $22,957 for new work. Cape May City funds: None. SHORE PROTECTION-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 267 Condition at end of fiscal year. The overall project, com- menced in 1951,-was about 20 percent complete. Local interests have constructed 2 new groins of stone in lieu of timber construc- tion and extended 3 stone groins. The work remaining to be done is the construction of 3 new groins, the extension of 2 groins, and the placement of material to restore the beach. The estimated total cost to local interests was $270,000. Cost to the United States: $22,957 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-........ ------------------------------------------- ---- $60,000 $60,000 Cost ------------------------------------------------------- 23,955 123,955 1 Pending adjustments in the amount of -$998 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -__- $36, 045 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________________ 36, 045 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__________________________ 203, 000 30. OCEAN CITY, N. J. Location. Ocean City is located on the coast of New Jersey about 35 miles northeast of Cape May, the southern tip of the State at the entrance to Delaware Bay. The project area lies between Surf Road, near Great Egg Inlet, and 12th Street, a distance of about 9,050 feet, of which 31.7 percent is municipally owned. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 827 and 1217.) Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in beach erosion control through the contribution of funds in an amount equal to one-third of the first cost of the measures for the protection and improvement of the publicly owned portions of the shore of Ocean City, N. J. between Surf Avenue and Twelfth Street, under the policy set forth in Public Law 727, 79th Congress, approved August 13, 1946, or 10.6 percent of the total cost of the work. The recommended plan comprises artificial placement of suitable sandfill on the ocean shore to widen the beach to a width of approximately 300 feet seaward of the boardwalk or bulkhead to the mean high waterline and the extension of 7 existing stone groins as deferred construction when experience indicates the need therefor. The estimated Federal share of the cost of new work, revised in 1956 is $122,000. The estimated cost to local interests, revised in 1956, is $1,028,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 184, 83d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The project was approved subject to the 268 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 provisions that local interests will: (a) Adopt the recommended plan of protection and improvement; (b) submit for approval by theChief of Engineers, prior to commencement of work, detailed plans and specifications for the project and also arrangements for prosecuting the work (c) provide at their own expense all neces- sary lands, easements, and rights-of-way; and (d) give assurances satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers that they will: (1) Main- tain the protective measures during their useful life, as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (2) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (3) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted, and (4) assure continued public ownership of the shore upon which the amount of Federal participation is based, and its administration for public use only. The Board of Commissioners of Ocean City, in a resolution adopted February 25, 1955, gave assurances of compliance with the requirements of local cooperation. These assurances were ac- cepted by the Chief of Engineers on April 7, 1955. Operations and results during fiscal year. Federal funds: Inspections of the work and audit of the local costs were made at a cost of $2,233. Ocean City funds: None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The overall project was com- menced in 1952 and was about 56 percent complete. Placement of beachfill along the ocean front was completed in 1952. Exten- sion of 2 stone groins was completed in 1955. The work remain- ing to be done is the extension of 5 stone groins. The estimated costs to local interests were $636,000. Cost to the United States: $2,233 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 une 30,1956 1952 New work: Appropriated---........ ---------------------- ---------------------- $67,000 $67,000 Cost--------- ----------------------------------------------- 2,352 2,352 1 Pending adjustments in the amount of -$119 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------:.. $64, 648 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------- --------------- 64, 648 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project --------------------------- 55,000 31. ATLANTIC CITY. N. J. Location. Atlantic City is located on the coast of New Jersey about 45 miles northeast of Cape May, the southern tip of the State at the entrance to the Delaware Bay. It is about 60 miles from Philadelphia, Pa., and 125 miles from New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 826 and 1217.) SHORE PROTECTION-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 269 Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in beach erosion control through the contribution of funds equal to one-third of the first cost of protective and improvement measures at Atlantic City, N. J., under the policy set forth in Public Law 727, 79th Congress, approved August 13, 1946. These measures comprise: Replacement of a damaged concrete seawall by a steel- sheet-pile wall; construction of a stone jetty about 4,800 feet long extending from Brigantine Island parallel to and about 2,300 feet from Maine Avenue bulkhead; revetment of the bulkhead along Maine Avenue; construction of two new groins, and extension of existing groins along Maine Avenue; artificial placement of sand- fill to widen the ocean and inlet beaches; extension of the Oriental Avenue jetty; construction of five new timber groins on the ocean frontage; and extension of the stone groin at Vermont Avenue. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 538, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. The estimated Federal share of the cost of new work, revised in 1956 is $2,283,000. The estimated cost to local interests, revised in 1956 is $4,567,000. Local cooperation. The project was approved subject to the provisions that local interests: (a) Adopt the recommended plan of restoration and protection; (b) submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers, prior to commencement of the work, detailed plans and specifications and the arrangements for prosecuting the work; (c) assure maintenance of the protective and improvement measures during their useful life, as may be required to serve their intended purpose; (d) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements and rights-of-way; (e) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, dur- ing, or after prosecution of the work; (f) assure that water pollu- tion that would endanger the health of bathers will not be per- mitted; and (g) assure continued public ownership of the beach and its administration for public use only. The Board of Commissioners of Atlantic City adopted resolu- tions on November 26, 1954, and January 6, 1955, providing the necessary assurances of local cooperation. These assurances were accepted by the Chief of Engineers on March 8, 1955. Operations and results during fiscal year. Federal funds: Inspections of the work and an audit of local costs were made at a cost of $410. Payments of the Federal share of the first cost of improvements were made in the amounts of $638,783 on March 2, 1956 and of $71,293 on June 28, 1956. The total costs were $710,- 486 for new work. Atlantic City funds: Construction of a third section, 600 feet long, of the stone jetty off Brigantine Island was in progress dur- ing the fiscal year, at an estimated cost to local interests of $213,- 880. Condition at end of fiscal year. The overall project was com- menced in 1948 and was about 33 percent complete. Hydraulic placement of sandfill on the ocean frontage was completed in 1948. Construction of five timber groins along the ocean frontage was 270 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 completed in 1950. Replacement of a damaged concrete seawall was completed in 1951. The revetment of Maine Avenue bulkhead was 31 percent complete, and two groins in that section were ex- tended. The stone jetty off Brigantine Island is about 40 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the completion of the revetment of Maine Avenue bulkhead; completion of the stone jetty off Brigantine Island; the extension of Oriental Avenue jetty; the extension of Vermont Avenue groin; and placement of sandfill on the Maine Avenue beach frontage. The estimated total cost to local interests for approved new work was $2,131,460. Cost to the United States was $710,486 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: --- __------- ----------------------------------- Appropriated........ ............ $906,000 $906,000 Cost..---------------------------------------------.......... .......---------- 710,828 710,828 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__________$187, 639 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_______________ _ _ 187, 639 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _-___________ 377, 000 1-------1, 32. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of general investigations during the fiscal year was $156,080 and the expenditures were $156,887. The balance un- expended at the end of the fiscal year, amounting to $26,789, will be applied to expenses to be incurred under this heading. Addi- tional funds in the amount of $683,700 can be profitably expended during the next fiscal year. 33. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA There were no costs and no expenditures during the fiscal year. No funds are required for the next fiscal year. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS, AND FLOOD CONTROL IN THE BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT This district comprises the watershed of the Susquehanna River and its tributaries downstream from the mouth of the Chemung River at its confluence with the Susquehanna River, through cen- tral Pennsylvania to its mouth in the Chesapeake Bay; eastern Maryland, southwestern Delaware, and eastern Virginia, embrac- ing Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries north of Cove Point, Md., on the western shore of the bay, and Onancock River, Va., on the eastern shore, and the watersheds tributary to the Atlantic Ocean between the southern boundary of Delaware and a point north of White Creek and Gargathy Inlet on the Atlantic coast, IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Baltimore Harbor and Chan- 20. Other authorized navigation nels, Md_.. - 271 projects_ - 302 2. Baltimore Harbor, Md., col- lection and removal of drift- 277 278 Flood Control 3. Rock Hall Harbor, Md ...... 4. Chester River, Md .__ .... 279 21. Stillwater Reservoir, Lacka- 5. Knapps Narrows, Md ....... 281 wanna River, Pa--_- 303 6. Honga River and Tar Bay 22. Swoyersville and Forty Fort, (Barren Island Gaps), Md --- 282 Pa__ 304 7. Fishing Bay, Md_____ ___ 283 23. Kingston-Edwardsville, Sus- 8. Nanticoke River (including quehanna River, Pa___ ... 305 Northwest Fork), Del. and 24. West Branch of the Susque- Md_ 284 hanna River, Pa ... _.... 306 9. Wicomico River, Md ........ 286 25. Williamsport, Susquehanna 10. Lower Thoroughfare at or near River, Pa_ 308 Wenona, Deal Island, Md_ 289 26. Tyrone, Pa_ 310 11. Crisfield Harbor, Md_ 290 27. York, Codorus Creek, Pa .... 311 12. Twitch Cove and Big Thor- 28. Other authorized flood-control oughfare River, Md______ 292 projects_- 312 13. Starlings Creek, Va_ 294 29. Inspection of completed flood- 14. Chincoteague Bay, Va ...... 295 control works- 313 15. Ocean City Harbor and Inlet 30. Flood-control work under spe- and Sinepuxent Bay, Md __ 296 cial authorization ...... 313 16. Fishing Creek, Md ____... 298 31. Scheduling of flood-control res- 17. Little Creek, Kent Island, ervoir operations_ 313 Queen Annes County, Md__ 299 18. Rhodes Point to Tylerton, Somerset County, Md ____ 300 General Investigations 19. Navigation projects on which 314 reconnaissance and condition 32. Examinations and surveys ... surveys only were conducted during the fiscal year _... 301 1. BALTIMORE HARBOR AND CHANNELS, MD. Location. Baltimore Harbor is situated at the head of the navi- gable portion of the Patapsco River about 12 miles from Chesa- peake Bay. The river rises near the town of Westminster in Car- roll County, Md., and flows in a general southeasterly direction for about 65 miles to enter the Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 549.) Previous projects. Patapsco River: The original project was dated July 4, 1836. Modifications were contained in the River and 271 272 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852; June 10, 1872; March 3, 1881; June 3, 1896; March 3, 1905; March 3, 1909; February 27, 1911; and March 4, 1913. Middle Branch: The original project was dated June 3, 1896. Curtis Bay: The original project was dated July 13, 1892. It was modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. York Spit: The original project was dated March 3, 1905. For further details, see pages 1787 and 1788 of the Annual Re- port for 1915, and page 389 of the Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides: (1) A uniform main channel depth of 39 feet between Cape Charles, Va., and Fort McHenry, Baltimore, Md., with dimensions as follows: 39 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide between the curves of 39-foot depth in Chesapeake Bay opposite York Spit, a distance of about 6.77 miles (under jurisdic- tion of the Norfolk, Va., District) ; 39 feet deep and a general width of 600 feet from the 39-foot depth curve in Chesapeake Bay to Fort McHenry on the Patapsco River, a distance of about 20 miles; (2) for branch channels with dimensions as follows: 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the main channel to head of Curtis Bay, a dis- tance of about 2% miles; 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the main channel at Fort McHenry to Port Covington entrance chan- nel, thence 150 feet wide to Ferry Bar, and thence 27 feet deep and 150 feet wide to Hanover Street Bridge, a total distance of about 2% miles; (3) for widening the angle between the Fort McHenry and Ferry Bar Sections; (4) for widening at the approaches and bends; (5) for the following anchorages-Fort McHenry anchorage, 3,500 feet long, 400 feet wide, and 35 feet deep; Riverview anchorage No. 1, 4,500 feet long, 1,500 feet wide, and 35 feet deep; Riverview an- chorage No. 2, 2,400 feet long, 1,200 feet wide, and 30 feet deep; Quarantine anchorage, 3,500 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 35 feet deep; (6) it is further provided that as rapidly as the city of Balti- more, at its own expense, provides the 35-foot depth into the North- west Branch (inner harbor) the United States shall take over the maintenance of that depth (the United States maintains a channel 35 feet deep, varying in width from 550 feet to 1,200 feet, and 5,100 feet in length from Fort McHenry to and along the southwest side of the inner harbor and a channel generally 950 feet wide and 5,000 feet in length along the easterly side of the inner harbor) ; (7) for a connecting channel with a depth of 27 feet and width of 400 feet from Cutoff-Brewerton Angle in the main channel to the inland waterway from Delaware River to Chesapeake Bay; (8) for a channel in Curtis Creek with a depth of 35 feet and width of 200 feet from the head of the existing 35-foot project channel in Curtis Bay to a point in the creek about 750 feet below the Pennington Avenue Bridge; (9) for a channel in Curtis Creek 22 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide from the 22-foot depth curve immediately below the Pennington Avenue Bridge to and along the marginal wharf of the United States ordnance depot; a basin 18 feet deep over an irregular area of about 3 acres at the head and adjacent to the 22-foot channel; and a basin 15 feet deep and generally 450 feet wide from the head of the 22-foot channel to the upper end of the marginal wharf; (10) and for a channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 273 wide from the 22-foot depth curve south of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad bridge to the vicinity of Arundel Cove, a distance of about 2,800 feet, thence 100 feet wide in Arundel Cove for a distance of about 2,100 feet; with an anchorage basin approximately 700 feet square adjacent to the channel southwesterly of the Coast Guard wharf. The cost of new work for the completed project was $8,329,403 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $250,000. Widening the 35-foot depth from Port Covington channel from 150 feet to 400 feet to Ferry Bar, widening the 27-foot depth chan- nel from 150 feet to 250 feet to Hanover Street Bridge, and provid- ing a channel 27 feet deep by 250 feet wide to the Western Mary- land Railway bridge with an anchorage and turning basin at the upper end is considered to be an inactive portion of the project and is excluded from the foregoing estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $1,603,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 274 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1905 Main channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide through- H. Doc. 186, 57th Cong., 2d sess. out. Mar. 3,1909 Anchorage basin near intersection of Fort McHenry and Curtis Bay Channels (within original limit of cost authorized by act of Mar. 2, 1907). Feb. 27, 1911 Width increased at entrances and bends (increase to be made within the limit of original estimate). Aug. 8, 1917 Branch channel 35 feet deep to head of Curtis Bay, H. Doc. 799, 64th Cong., 1st sess. and one 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from Fort McHenry to Port Covington entrance channel, thence 150 feet wide to Ferry Bar, and thence 27 feet deep and 150 feet wide to Hanover Street Bridge, widening at approaches and bends, and enlarge- ment of the anchorage basin near the entrance. Inclusion of Patapsco River and2 tributaries into one project for Baltimore Harbor. Jan. 21, 1927 Change in location of the anchorage near upper end of the Fort McHenry Channel. July 3, 1930 Rivers and Harbors Committee Increased anchorage facilities ....................----...--------------... Doc. 11, 70th Cong., 1st sess.' 1 Do _... For 37-foot depth in that portion of channel to Balti- H. Doc. 29, 71st Cong., 1st sess. more lying between the 37-foot depth curve near Baltimore Light to the Sparrows Point Entrance Channel; widening the angle between Fort Mc- Henry and Ferry Bar Section; and for width of 400 feet in the Curtis Bay section. Oct. 17, 1940 For the 22-, 18-, and 15-foot channels in Curtis Creek Adopted as a national-defense proj- from the 22-foot depth below Pennington Ave. ect (no printed report). Bridge to the upper end of the marginal wharf of the United States Ordnance Depot. Mar. 2, 1945 Uniform main channel 39 feet deep from the ocean H. Doc. 741, 79th Cong., 2d sess. through York Spit Section and Craighill Entrance to Fort McHenry, additional anchorage area 2,400 feet long, 1,200 feet wide, and 30 feet deep; a con- necting channel 400 feet wide and 27 feet deep from Cutoff-Brewerton Angle in the main channel to the Inland waterway from Delaware River to Chesa- peake Bay; a channel in Curtis Creek 200 feet wide and 35 feet deep from the head of the existing 35- foot project channel in Curtis Bay to a point in the creek about 750 feet below the Pennington Ave. Bridge. Mar. 2, 1945 A channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 22- In accordance with plans on file in foot depth curve south of the Baltimore & Ohio the Office, Chief of Engineers. RR. bridge to the vicinity of Arundel Cove, a dis- tance of about 2,800 feet, thence 100 feet wide in Arundel Cove for a distance of about 2,100 feet; with an anchorage basin approximately 700 feet square adjacent to the channel southwesterly of the Coast Guard wharf. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Exclusive of the portion considered to be inactive. The inactive portion is widening the 35-foot depth channel from 150 feet to 400 feet from Port Covington to Ferry Bar, widening the 27-foot depth channel from 150 feet to 250 feet to Hanover Street bridge, and providing a channel 27 feet deep by 250 feet wide to the Western Maryland Railway bridge with an anchorage and turning basin at the upper end. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, required that on all new work under the project approved by that act, except the channel into Curtis Bay, improvement by the United States is conditional upon local interests providing, free of cost to the United States, suitable disposal areas behind bulkheads or other revetment, satisfactory to the district engineer, whenever re- quired by the Chief of Engineers. This condition has been met as far as the channel has been completed. The River and Harbor Act of July 3,1930, provided for increased anchorage facilities subject to the provisions that no work shall be started on the area therein recommended until local interests have provided suitable disposal areas satisfactory to the district en- gineer alongside of bulkheads behind which said interests will agree to pump the material without delay to the Government work; or, in lieu of the above requirement, agree to contribute the sum of RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 275 5 cents per cubic yard, scow measure, to cover the additional cost to the United States for disposal of the material on its own dumping area. This condition has been met. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, required that re- sponsible local interests agree to hold and save the United States free from claims for damage resulting from the work. This condi- tion has been met in a resolution adopted by the city council of Baltimore and approved by the mayor on March 1, 1949. Terminal facilities. The Port of Baltimore consists of 46 miles of waterfront, 30 miles of which are developed. There are 271 piers, wharves, and docks in Baltimore Harbor with depths in the berthing areas ranging up to 40 feet at mean low water. Most deep- draft shipping, other than that handled at the wharves of the nu- merous industrial plants, is concentrated at the modern ocean ter- minals operated by three trunkline railroads, the Baltimore & Ohio, the Pennsylvania, and the Western Maryland; and by a terminal railroad, the Canton. All of these terminals are equipped with depressed or apron tracks permitting the transfer of cargoes directly between ship and car. Facilities also are provided at the rail terminals for the receipt and delivery of motor truck freight. The railroads, with tracks extending to all portions of the port area, have voluntarily granted 5 days free time on piers to truck freight on both imports and exports. The supporting yards for the railroad terminals can accommodate a total of 11,800 cars and the combined ground storage capacity is 32,250 cars. Major facilities in the port include 3 grain elevators with a total capacity of ap- proximately 12 million bushels, 15 modern ore cranes with a total rated unloading capacity of more than 11,000 tons per hour, 30 public general-merchandise warehouses, 3 modern cold-storage fa- cilities, 4 coal piers, 13 oil receiving stations and 2 refining plants, and 12 shipbuilding and ship repair yards. The shipbuilding and repair yards are equipped with facilities for handling every type of vessel construction, conversion, and repair. The facilities include 11 shipways ranging in length from 150 to 650 feet, 7 floating dry- docks with lifting capacities of from 6,000 tons to 20,000 tons, 2 graving docks and 7 marine railways in addition to numerous out- fitting piers and shops. All piers are accessible by adequate paved highways. A municipally owned beltline railway some 3 miles long encircles the upper end of the inner harbor and connects the tracks of the Baltimore & Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Western Maryland Railroads. The latest description of terminal facilities is contained in the publication entitled "Port Series No. 10 (Revised 1946)" on the Port of Baltimore, Md., issued by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. The State legislature has authorized the city of Baltimore to in- cur an indebtedness of $60 million for further development of port facilities. The Port of Baltimore Commission, which is charged with administration under this authorization, is reviewing requests from various companies who desire to obtain funds for construc- tion and reconstruction of port facilities. The Commission is pres- ently processing applications for loans totaling more than $41 mil- lion. The Commission expects work utilizing most of these funds 276 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 to begin in the near future. Under authorization granted by the former- Port Development Commission, the following work was completed: An $8,500,000 terminal pier at Port Covington, and a $1,500,000 terminal pier on the Canton area of the port. The Port of Baltimore Commission, with more liberal financing powers, re- placed the Port Development Commission. The City of Baltimore expends about $100,000 annually for re- habilitation of existing structures. Operations and results during fiscal year. A survey to determine the condition of Riverview anchorage No. 1, Curtis Bay Channel, and the main channel from Craighill Section to Foft McHenry Sec- tion was made by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $33,207. Condition at end of fiscal year. The active portion of the exist- ing project, excluding the York-Spit Channel which is under the jurisdiction of the Norfolk District, vi s-completed in March 1954. The controlling dimensions are as follows: Depth Width Section (feet) (feet) Date ascertained Craighill Entrance------......-- . . ..------------- 38.0 600-1,500 April 1954. Craighill Section---------------------------...... 38.6 600 March 1956. Craighill-Cutoff Angle_.---------------.. . ----.-.----.-- 35.0 600-1,729 Do. Cutoff Section-__-------.---.--.--... --.-.-... ---... 38.4 600 April 1956. Cutoff-Brewerton Angle_----..--.. --.---------.-- 36.0 600-1,540 Do. Brewerton Section_-------..........---....-.---.--- . 38.0 600 Do. Brewerton, Fort McHenry Angle_---------------------.-- 38.5 600-1,240 Do. Fort McHenry Section_--.----...... -------..-.-.-.-- - 39.0 600 October 1952. Northwest Branch (Inner Harbor): East Side Channel_.----.-.------...-..-.. -------. 35.0 950 June 1950. West Side Channel-- --------------------------------- 35.0 950 Do. Turning Basin_....-....-- ..-.-------.-.--.--- 30.0 950-1,200 Do. Curtis Bay _ .------------------------------------------34.0 400 May 1956. Ferry Bar (to a point opposite Western Maryland Railway 35.0 400 October 1951. piers). Ferry Bar (from a point opposite Western Maryland Rail- 19.0 170 January 1950. way piers to Ferry Bar). Spring Garden Channel (Ferry Bar to Hanover St. Bridge). 19.0 180 Do. Spring Garden Channel (to old Southwest Baltimore 9.5 250 August 1938. Channel). Connecting Channel to the Inland Waterway from Dela- 26.5 400 June 1955. ware River to Chesapeake Bay. Quarantine anchorage_---..,.-...------------ . 32.8 450 February 1955. Fort McHenry anchorage_------------.................. 34.0 400 July 1946. Riverview anchorage No. 1-..-..-.........-..--------- 33.0 1,500 April 1956. Riverview anchorage No. 2. .................. . --.. 30.0 1,200 February 1952. Curtis Creek: Main channel- -------------------------- 35.0 200 June 1948. Approach channel to Ordnance Depot--------- 22.0 200 July 1941. Southerly anchorage Area---------------------------- 15.5 450 Do. Easterly anchorage Area------------.... ----. ------ - 18.2 320 Do. Channel to Arundel Cove_------------_------- -19.4 200 April 1946. Channel in Arundel Cove__ _------------------------ 21.1 100 Do. Anchorage basin in front of Coast Guard yard...--...... ---- 20.5 700 Do. The total costs under the existing project (including York Spit Channel prior to fiscal year 1942) were $15,568,695, of which $8,- 329,403 was for new work and $7,239,292 was for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 277 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----- ......--- $800,000 $497,000 $250,000 -$19,192 . ........ $17,093,406 Cost_ ------ ___-- 619,380 709,960 427,574 ..------- 5,368 .........-- 17,093,406 Maintenance: Appropriated------- ....... 369,500 335,000 33,761 231,900 $28,820 7,639,094 Cost_--- -- 698,355 345,932 97,743 242,077 33,207 7,639,094 1 Includes $8,764,003 for new work and $399, 802 for maintenance for previous projects. 2. BALTIMORE HARBOR, MD., COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF DRIFT Location. The project applies to Baltimore Harbor, Md., and its tributaries. Existing project. This provides for the collection and removal of drift from Baltimore Harbor and its tributary waters, and author- izes the Secretary of the Army to allot such amounts as may be nec- essary for the work from appropriations for maintenance and im- provement of existing river and harbor works or other available appropriations, and that this work shall be carried as a separate and distinct project. It is wholly a work of maintenance. The pur- pose of the work is to afford relief from variable conditions of obstruction. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $45,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948. Terminal facilities. Described in the report for Baltimore Har- bor and Channels, Md. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations, by hired labor, consisted of the collection and disposal of 49,489 cubic feet (386.6 cords) of driftwood, ranging from small blocks up to tim- bers of large dimensions. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $40,338. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is one of continuous maintenance for which no percentage of completion exists. Navigation has been made safer by continual patrol of the harbor and removal of drift material. The total costs, all for main- tenance, were $301,257. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: ---- Appropriated........ $30,000 $30,000 $38,000 $45,000 $40,338 $301,257 Cost ........... 33,759 31,097 36,600 46,400 40,338 301,257 278 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 3. ROCK HALL HARBOR, MD. Location. Rock Hall Harbor is a shallow, open cove on the east side of Chesapeake Bay immediately to the south of Swan Point and 23 miles southeast of Baltimore. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts No. 548 and 1226.) Previous projects. The original project was dated June 3, 1896. Modifications were made by the River and Harbor Acts of June 13, 1902, and March 4, 1913. For further details, see page 493 of the Annual Report for 1920, and page 370 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. Provides for a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 10-foot depth curve in Swan Creek Inlet to a channel of the same dimensions, 700 feet in length parallel to the harbor terminals at Rock Hall; an anchorage basin of the same depth 100 feet wide, 250 feet long in a northwesterly extension of the channel fronting the harbor terminals; an anchorage basin 8 feet deep, 100 feet wide and 350 feet long on an extension of the centerline of the 10-foot basin; with an anchorage basin 8 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 600 feet long attached to and extending in a southwesterly direction from the west end of the above mentioned 8-foot basin; with twin breakwaters at the harbor entrance. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $116,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $2,300. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 204, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 273, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project docu- ment. Local cooperation. Local interests have constructed a bulkhead 500 feet long and have acquired and reserved for public use an area 100 feet wide behind the bulkhead with a highway connection thereto. It is required that they furnish free of cost to the United States, when and as required, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent mainte- nance; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the improvements.* It is believed these terms will be met. Terminal facilities. There are several private terminals, a marine railway, a public timber-pile wharf, and a public bulkhead wharf about 500 feet long. Present facilities are adequate for ex- isting and reasonably prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions were completed and a contact for deepening to 10 feet and widening to 100 feet the approach channel from the 10-foot con- tour in Swan Creek Inlet to the existing channel parallel to the harbor terminals and enlarging the latter channel to equal dimen- sions; deepening the easterly 250 feet of the existing project basin to 10 feet and its westerly 350 feet to 8 feet; and a new anchorage basin 600 feet long, 200 feet wide, and 8 feet deep attached to and extending in a southwesterly direction from the west end of the existing basin was awarded. No dredging operations were ac- complished. The total costs, all for new work, were $4,407. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 279 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 50 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is under contract and is that authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 6.5 feet in the entrance channel, 6 feet in the channel parallel to the harbor terminals, and 5.5 feet in the anchorage basin, ascer- tained in December 1955. The total costs of the existing project were $57,209 of which $56,407 was for new work and $802 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------ $64,000 $203,757 Cost-------- ------------ ------------------------------------ 4,407 144,164 Maintenance: Appropriated.----. ------------ ------------------------ $263 10,564 Cost.---------------------------------------------- 263 10,564 1 Includes $87, 757 for new work and $9, 762 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ________- $9,481 Unobligated balances available for succeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ________________ _ ________ _____-__ 9, 481 4. CHESTER RIVER, MD. Location. Chester River rises in Kent County, Del., flows in a generally southwesterly direction, and empties into Chesapeake Bay. Its total length is about 50 miles. Kent Island Narrows is a passage connecting Chester River and Eastern Bay. Wells Cove is an indentation on the easterly side of Kent Island Narrows about 0.4 mile south of the highway bridge crossing the Narrows. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 548 and 1226.) Previous projects. The original project for the main river was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. For fur- ther details, see page 333 of Annual Report for 1935. Existing project. Provides for a channel 6 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from Crumpton to Jones Landing, the length of the section included in the project being about 5.5 miles, the lower end of the section being about 37 miles above the mouth of the river; for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide from Chester River to Eastern Bay through Kent Island Narrows; and a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide, extending from the 7-foot depth curve in Kent Island Nar- rows 800 feet into Wells Cove with a basin of the same depth and 300 feet square at the head of the channel. The mean range of tide is 2.4 feet. The cost of new work for the completed portion of the project was $32,454, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. 280 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $8,400. Widening the 7-foot depth channel from 75 feet to 100 feet from Chester River to Eastern Bay through Kent Island Narrows is considered to be an inactive portion of the project and is excluded from the foregoing estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $15,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873, and September 19, 1890 (H. Ex. Doc. 65, 51st Cong., 1st sess.), and June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 380, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). Maps of the locality are printed in House Documents 797 and 1587, 63d Congress, 2d and 3d sessions, respectively, and in House Docu- ment 380, 80th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish spoil-disposal areas for future mainte- nance of the Wells Cove section of the project. Terminal facilities. There are 2 bulkhead wharves on the Ches- ter River section, in poor condition, with dockage room of 100 and 120 feet, and available depths of 2 and 6 feet, respectively. In Kent Island Narrows there are 8 timber-pile wharves adjacent to crab and oyster houses, in fair condition, aggregating approximately 700 linear feet of dockage, with available depths of from 3 to 13 feet. In Wells Cove there is a small wharf, a small marine railway, and a public landing. All of the facilities are privately owned ex- cept the public landing on Wells Cove. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Final contract pay- ment was made for maintenance dredging in the Kent Island Nar- rows section accomplished during May 1955. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $6,643. Condition at end of fiscal year. The active portion of the exist- ing project was completed in 1950. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 2.4 feet from Crumpton to Jones Landing, ascertained in October 1946; 7.5 feet in the Kent Island Narrows section from Eastern Bay to the bridge, and 7.1 feet from the bridge to Chester River, ascertained in May 1955; 7.0 feet in the Eastern Bay section, ascertained in June 1954; and 7.7 feet in the channel and anchorage basin in Wells Cove, ascertained in May 1950. The total costs were $162,506, of which $32,454 was for new work and $130,052 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------........ ............------------.................------------ ----------- ------------------ ............ $70,495 Cost----------------------------------------- .......------------ ----------................. 70,495 Maintenance: Appropriated..------------------- ............ ----------........... $2,000 $23,500 -$1,800 130,052 Cost------------------.. ------------------ 1,405 15,652 6,643 130,052 1 Includes $38,041 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _-_____-_____---- (2) 'Active portion: None; inactive portion: $15,500. RIVERS AND HARBORS--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 281 5. KNAPPS NARROWS, MD. Location. This waterway is a small channel separating Tilgh- man Island from the mainland of the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay about 40 miles south of Baltimore, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1225.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 9 feet deep at mean low water, 75 feet wide, widened at the bends from deep water in Chesapeake Bay to deep water in Harris Creek, Md., with a turning basin located west of the drawbridge, 7 feet deep at mean low water, approximately 320 feet long and 120 feet wide. The mean range of tide is 1.4 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $46,121. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $5,500. The existing project channel was authorized by the Public Works Administration September 16, 1933, and subsequently adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935. (See H. Doc. 308, 72d Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as needed for future main- tenance. Terminal facilities. There is a bulkhead wharf on each side of the southerly abutment of the bridge across the Narrows. In addi- tion, there are several small-boat landings within the Narrows and 3 marine railways for the repair of boats of few feet draft. A bulkhead landing is available for public use on 3 sides of the turning basin. Operation and results during fiscal year. Dredging, by contract, to restore the project to authorized dimensions began April 28, 1956 and was completed May 18, 1956. A total of 90,300 cubic yards of material, place measure, was. removed and deposited on authorized dumping areas. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $39,422. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed April 15, 1935. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 9 feet in the channel and 7 feet in the basin, ascertained in May 1956. The total costs were $131,215, of which $46,121 (Public Works funds) was for new work, and $85,094 (regular funds) was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ --------- 1$46,121 Cost--------- ---------------------------------------------------------- 146,121 Maintenance: Appropriated.- ____.__-- - _-_---------_-_------------$268 $39,422 85,094 Cost ------------------------------------------------ 268 39,422 85,094 1Includes $46,121 Public Works funds. 282 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 6. HONGA RIVER AND TAR BAY (BARREN ISLAND GAPS), MD. Location. Honga River is a tidal estuary of Chesapeake Bay and penetrates Dorchester County on the Eastern Shore of Maryland between Hooper Islands and the mainland; Tar Bay is a water area between Barren Island and the mainland peninsula and Hooper Islands. Fishing Creek connects Tar Bay and Honga River. Back Creek is a branch of Honga River extending into Hooper Islands, the mouth is about 2 miles south of Fishing Creek. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 60 feet wide and 7 feet deep at mean low water from the 7-foot contour in Chesa- peake Bay, through Tar Bay and Fishing Creek to the 7-foot con- tour in Honga River, a length of 25,300 feet; and for a channel in Back Creek 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from the 7-foot depth curve in Honga River to a point near the head of Back Creek, with a turning basin of the same depth, 150 feet long and 200 feet wide at the head of the channel, a length of about 5,500 feet. The mean range of tide is about 1.4 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $66,119. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $10,300. The existing project was adopted under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 and by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 35, 74th Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 580, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). Maps are published in the project documents. Local cooperation. The project was modified subject to the con- ditions that local interests provide, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and disposal areas for execution of the project and for subsequent maintenance, as and when required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the project; and provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, a suitable public landing and approach channel. Local interests have con- structed the public landing, have made available sufficient spoil- disposal areas, and are prepared to dredge the approach channel to the landing at the time the project is dredged. Terminal facilities. Numerous small private wharves are scat- tered along Fishing Creek and Back Creek. A public wharf is located on Fishing Creek. A public wharf, 4 oyster houses and a marine railway are located on Back Creek. The facilities are ade- quate for existing and reasonably prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work dredging, by contract, to complete the channel and turning basin in Back Creek with Federal funds and predging an L-shaped approach channel 7 feet deep and 50 feet wide from the turning basin to the county landing with funds contributed by local interests began April 6, 1956, and was completed April 23, 1956. A total of 80,000 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on authorized dumping areas. Maps showing the condition of the channel after maintenance dredging from Chesapeake Bay, through Tar Bay and Fishing Creek to Honga River were com- RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT' 283 pleted. The total costs were $40,174, of which $37,500 (Federal funds) and $2,200 (contributed funds) were for new work and $474 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. The channel from Chesapeake Bay, through Tar Bay and Fishing Creek to Honga River was completed in November 1935 and the channel and turning basin in Back Creek was completed in April 1956. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 7.4 feet in the Honga River and Tar Bay section ascertained in May 1955; and 7 feet in the Back Creek section ascertained in April 1956. The total costs were $163,974, of which $27,668 (emergency relief funds), $38,451 (regular funds), and $2,200 (contributed funds) were for new work and $95,655 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....------------------------------------------------ $37,500 1$66,119 Cost ---- ------------------------ ------------------------ 37,500 166,119 Maintenance: Appropriated..------- $2,500 -$594 $2,400 $39, 900 .---------- 95,655 Cost..----------------- 2,989 -1,083 2,096 39,730 474 95,655 1 Includes $27, 668emergency relief funds. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------------ ------------ ------------ Appropriated...........------------ $2,200 $2,200 Cost---------- --------------------------------------------- 2,200 2,200 7. FISHING BAY, MD. Location. McCreadys Creek, Goose Creek, and Farm Creek are small tidal estuaries of Fishing Bay, a large estuary at the head of Tangier Sound. Fishing Bay is connected by Hooper Strait with Chesapeake Bay to the west about 15 miles above the mouth of Potomac River. McCreadys Creek enters the bay about 31/2 miles above the mouth. Farm Creek enters Fishing Bay about 6 miles above the mouth and approximately opposite the mouth of Mc- Creadys Creek. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Existing project. This provides for channels 6 feet deep and gen- erally 60 feet wide at mean low water, suitably widened where nec- essary to offer adequate sheltered anchorage space from deep water in Fishing Bay to the vicinity of the county or packing house wharves in McCreadys Creek, Farm Creek, and Goose Creek. The mean range of tide is about 2 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $33,874. 284 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $9,100. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937. (See H. Doc. 186, 75th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Terminal facilities. A public wharf built with the aid of Federal funds is located on McCreadys Creek about 200 feet above the mouth. There is a privately owned pile-and-timber pier about 1,500 feet above the mouth of Goose Creek. There are 2 privately owned wharves on Farm Creek. There is also a public wharf owned by Dorchester County. The private wharves on each of the waterways are open to the public for transaction of business with the owners. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Dredging, by contract, to restore the channels to authorized dimensions in Farm Creek and Goose Creek began March 28, 1956, and was completed April 5, 1956. A total of 44,700 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on authorized dumping areas. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $27,185. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1939 and restored in 1949 and 1956. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 4 feet in McCreadys Creek, ascertained in April 1955 and 6 feet in Goose Creek and Farm Creek, ascertained in April 1956. The total costs were $108,288, of which $33,874 was for new work and $74,414 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953- 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --.....-.. ....... Appropiated---------- _ . .....------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ .. $33,874 $, 7 Cost....------------------------..............------------------------------------ 33,874 Maintenance: Appropriated---------------- ------------------------ $700 $27,185 74,414 Cost------------------------------------------------ 700 27,185 74,414 8. NANTICOKE RIVER (INCLUDING NORTHWEST FORK), DEL. AND MD. Location. The headwaters of Nanticoke River consist of numer- ous branches rising mainly in the northern portion of Sussex County, Del. The river is about 50 miles long and flows in a south- westerly direction from its source to Tangier Sound. The Northwest Fork is a branch of the Nanticoke River which rises in Kent County, Del., and flows past Federalsburg, Md., in a generally southerly direction through Dorchester County, Md., to its junction with the main river opposite Riverton, Md. It is about 30 miles in length. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 77.) Previous projects. The original project for the Nanticoke River was adopted August 18, 1894. For further details, see page 1790 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 378 of Annual Report for 1938. There has been no previous project for Northwest Fork. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 285 Existing project. Nanticoke River: This provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 12-foot contour in Tangier Sound to the highway bridge at Seaford, Del., with a turning basin at the upper end. The length of the disjointed sections included in the project is about 4 miles, extending over 32 miles of the river; the lower end of the first section of the project is about 8 miles above the mouth of the river. The mean range of tide is 3.4 feet and the extreme tidal range is 4.3 feet. Northwest Fork: This provides for dredging a channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide at mean low water from upper Browns wharf to within one-half mile of the southern boundary of the town of Federalsburg, with a turning basin at the upper end. The length of the section included in the project is about 4 miles, and its lower end is 113/4 miles above the mouth of the river. The mean range of tide is 2.6 feet, and the extreme tidal range is 3.3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $143,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,200. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 A 9-foot channel, 100 feet wide up to Seaford, Del., H. Doc. 323, 53d Cong., 3d sess., with a turning basin. and Annual Report, 1895 p. 1165. June 25, 1910 Slight widening between the bridges in the harbor H. Doc. 674, 61st Cong., 2d sess. at Seaford, Del. Do.---... A channel 6 feet deep, 60 feet wide in Northwest H. Doc. 869, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Fork, together with turning basin. Mar. 2, 1945 A channel 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide from the 12-foot S. Doc. 69, 77th Cong., 1st sess. contour in Tangier Sound to the highway bridge (Contains published map.) at Seaford, Del. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the improvement and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. The waterfront at Seaford consists largely of unconnected pile-and-timber bulkhead wlharves with earthfills. One public wharf is used principally for unloading fuel oil for the local utility plant. The remaining wharves are privately owned. A rail siding extends along a considerable portion of the waterfront and offers facilities for interchange of rail and water traffic. Exist- ing terminals are reasonably adequate for present and prospective commerce. The terminal facilities on the Northwest Fork are all privately owned and open to general public use. They consist of 1 solid bulk- head wharf of 80-foot frontage and 3 landings each with 60-foot frontage. The depths of water are from 2 to 8 feet. The landings are log revetments backed by earthfill and are in poor condition. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work dredging, bycontract, to provide a channel 12 feet deep, at mean low water, and 100 feet wide from the 12-foot contour in Tangier Sound to 286 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the highway bridge at Seaford, Delaware, began May 26, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 92,531 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on authorized dumping areas. The total costs, all for new work, were $63,939. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 75 percent com- pleted. The channel to Seaford, Delaware, was dredged to a depth of 9 feet in 1911 and is being completed to a depth of 12 feet. The channel and turning basin in the Northwest Fork was completed in 1912. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 9 feet in the Nanticoke River, ascertained in March 1956 and 5 feet in the Northwest Fork, ascertained in September 1921. The total costs of the existing project were $146,437, of which $107,754 was for new work and $38,683 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ---------- ------------- ------------ ------------ $99,500 $148,315 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------ 63,939 112,754 Maintenance: Appropriated---------- $5,000 ............ -$1,250------------ ------------ ------------ 38,683 Cost----------------- 2,760 990 ------------------------------------.. ............ 38,683 1 Includes $5,000 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- $10, 848 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------------- 10, 848 9. WICOMICO RIVER, MD. Location. Wicomico River has its source in the northern part of Wicomico County, Md., and flows in a generally southwardly direc- tion, emptying into Monie Bay, a tributary of Tangier Sound on the east side of Chesapeake Bay about 85 miles southeast of Baltimore. Webster Cove is the site of an improved small-boat harbor located on the southeast bank of the Wicomico River about 3 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 567 and 1224.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872. For further details see page 1789 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 380 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 14 feet deep and 150 feet wide from Chesapeake Bay to Salisbury, the length of the section included in the project being 37 miles, including about 12 miles from the mouth of the river to Chesapeake Bay; a depth of 14 feet in the channels and turning basins in the north and south prongs with channel widths of 100 feet, and a channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide extending from the 6-foot contour in Wicomico River to and including a basin in Webster Cove of the same depth, 100 feet wide and 400 feet long; and extension of the basin 200 feet long and 100 feet wide on each side. The plane of reference is RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 287 mean low water. Mean range of tide is about 3 feet and the ex- treme tidal range is 4.4 feet. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $429,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $27,900. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Channel 9 feet deep from Main St. Bridge to about H. Doc. 20, 51st Cong., 1st sess., 2 miles below. * and Annual Report, 1890, p. 947. June 25, 1910 Extension of 9-foot depth into the north prong from H. Doc. 569, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Main Street Bridge to the Salisbury Dam and turn- ing basin. Mar. 2, 1919 Extension of 9-foot depth into south prong to the head H. Doc. 1509, 63d Cong., 3d sess. of navigation at Cathell St., including a turning basin and extending the project down to the mouth of the river in Monie Bay. July 3, 1930 A 12-foot channel below the Main Street Bridge. Aug. 26, 1937 A 14-foot channel, 150 feet wide; depths of 14 feet in Senate Committee Print, 75th the north and south prongs and a basin 6 feet deep Cong., 1st sess.' at Webster Cove and approach channel thereto of the same depth. 1 Sept. 3, 1954 Enlarge the existing basin at Webster Cove, by dredg- H. Doc. 619, 81st Cong., 2d sess. ing an extension 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 200 feet long on each side of the existing basin to form a T-shaped harbor. 1 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work authorized under the River and Harbor Act approved August 26, 1937, and prior acts, except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as re- quired for future maintenance. Work authorized under the River and Harbor Act approved Sep- tember 3, 1954, requires that local interests agree to: (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of- way necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvement and furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subse- quent maintenance when and as required; (2) acquire and reserve for public use a strip of land at least 50 feet wide on the southeast side abutting the Federal right-of-way required for the extension of the basin in Webster Cove and a 10-foot right-of-way on all other sides of the extension and on the northeast side of the existing basin to guarantee free public access; and (3) hold and save the United States free from all damages due to construction and maintenance of the project, including such damage as may occur to public or leased oyster beds. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. The present water front at Salisbury consists of pile-and-timber bulkheads with earthfills. Some of the wharves have warehouses and factories with mechanical freight-handling fa- cilities and rail sidings. With the exception of a wharf on the north prong, owned by the State Roads Commission, and a wharf on the south prong, owned by the county, all of the terminals are pri- vately owned. A shipyard, with 2 marine railways with capacities of 1,200 and 500 tons, respectively, is located on the right bank of the river below the prongs. Areas for the development of new terminals on the north and south prongs are limited. Areas for a considerable 288 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 expansion of terminal facilities are available on the main river. A public wharf on the main river at Salisbury is desirable but not essential. There is a pile-and-timber wharf which is situated about 4 miles above the mouth of the river at Mount Vernon. There is a wharf of similar construction at White Haven. There is a county wharf at the head of the basin in Webster Cove, a pile-and-timber pier at the oyster house on the southwest side of the basin, a T-shaped pile-and-timber pier at the cafe on the south- west side of the basin and several small timber piers or walkways that have been constructed around the basin by local interests. Fuel- ing facilities are available at the T-shaped pier. Sufficient areas are available for the construction of additional facilities when required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Dredging, by contract, to restore the channel and previously completed portion of the basin in Webster Cove to authorized dimensions began May 21, 1956, and was completed May 25, 1956. A total of 25,500 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and depositied 'on authorized dumping areas. The total costs, all for maintenance were $16,628. Condition at end of fiscal year. The sections of the project authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved August 26, 1937, and prior acts were completed in 1942. The work remaining to be done is enlarging the basin in Webster Cove authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 11 feet in the main river channel, 12.5 feet in the north prong for half-project width and 10 feet in the remainder ascertained in April 1949; 13 feet in the south prong for half- project width and 7 feet in the remainder, ascertained in August 1947; and 6 feet in channel and previously completed portion of the basin in Webster Cove, ascertained in May 1956. The total costs were $759,004, of which $407,847 (regular funds) and $14,000 (con- tirbuted funds) were for new work, and $337,157 was for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 ' 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated........----------------------------------------------------------- 2 $457,847 Cost----------------------------------------------------------- 2457,847 Maintenance: Appropriated-----........ ------------------------ $1,500 -$287 16,628 337, 157 Cost ------------------------------------- 1,213 ............ 16,628 337,157 1 Includes $50,000 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition, $14,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ $21, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------------------------- 21,000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 289 10. LOWER THOROUGHFARE, AT OR NEAR WENONA, DEAL ISLAND, MD. Location. This is a tidal waterway, about 11/2 miles long and from one-eighth to one-half mile wide, branching off from Tangier Sound between Deal Island and Little Deal Island, Md. It is about 12 miles north of Crisfield Harbor, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 78.) Previous project. The original project was dated March 3, 1881. For further details see page 1790 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project. This provides for a channel 60 feet wide and 7 feet deep from that depth in Tangier Sound to and including a moor- ing basin of the same depth, 100 feet wide and 300 feet long, in the marsh at the head of the cove at Wenona. The cost for new work for the completed project was $39,658, ex- clusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,700. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 A channel 6 feet deep, 80 feet wide, from Tangier H. Doc. 76, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Sound to the wharves at Wenona; widening the angles and the end to furnish anchorage basins. Mar. 2, 1945 Modified to provide a channel 60 feet wide, 7 feet H. Doc. 238, 76th Cong., 1st sess. deep from Tangier Sound to and including a moor- (contains latest published map). ing basin 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, 300 feet long, in the marsh at the head of the cove at Wenona. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except local interests are required to furnish spoil-disposal areas for future maintenance. As- surances of local cooperation were accepted by the Chief of Engineers on November 18, 1948. Terminal facilities. There are 3 packing-house wharves and a small marine railway above the head of the project channel at Wenona. The facilities are privately owned but are open to the public for transaction of business with the owners. Present facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Sufficient areas are available for the construction of additional terminals when and as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging, by contract, to restore the project to authorized dimensions began March 14, 1956, and was completed March 27, 1956. A total of 34,900 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on authorized dumping areas. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $20,000. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in July 1950 and restored in March 1956. The controlling depth, at mean low water, was 7 feet in the channel and mooring basin, ascertained in March 1956. The total costs of the existing project were $61,846, of which $39,658 was for new work and $22,188 was for maintenance. 290 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--- ----------------------------------- ----------------------- $44,658 Cost ---------------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------- 44,658 Maintenance: Appropriated........-............ ............ $394 $168 $20,000 22,188 Cost-- ---------------------------------- 394 168 20,000 22,188 1Includes $5,000 for new work for previous project. 11. CRISFIELD HARBOR, MD. Location. The harbor is situated along the western limits of the town of Crisfield on the east bank of Little Annemessex River, an estuary of Tangier Sound on the east side of Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved March 3, 1875, and modified by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1790 of Annual Report for 1915, page 432 of Annual Report for 1924, and page 384 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water, 425 feet wide from the 12-foot contour in Tangier Sound to Somers Cove Light, thence 266 feet wide to the bend about 1,800 feet southwest of the railroad pier, and thence of irregular width to a point opposite the Consumers Ice Co.; a spur channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the ice plant to Hop Point; a channel 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from the 7-foot depth curve in Little Anne- messex River, via Cedar Creek, a land cut, and Daugherty Creek to Big Annemessex River; a mooring basin 7 feet deep, 160 feet wide and approximatey 875 feet long roughly parallel to Brick Kiln Road, with a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide leading therefrom to the 7-foot project channel connecting Little Annemessex and Big Annemessex Rivers; and for an anchorage basin in Somers Cove 10 feet deep, 600 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long, with an approach chan- nel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 10-foot depth curve in Little Annemessex River through a land cut in Jersey Island to the basin in Somers Cove. The mean range of tide at Crisfield is about 1.9 feet and the extreme range is about 6 feet. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $279,000 exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 291 Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 3, 1925 A 12-foot channel of varying widths to opposite the H. Doc. 355, 68th Cong., 1st sess. Consumers Ice Co., thence 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the ice plant to Hop Point. Aug. 26, 1937 7-foot channel 100 feet wide from opposite Hop Point Rivers and Harbors Committee to an anchorage parallel to Brick Kiln Rd. Doc. 2, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Do-...... For the 7- by 60-foot channel in Little Annemessex H. Doc. 72, 75th Cong., 1st sess.1 River. Mar. 3, 1945 A mooring basin 7 feet deep, 160 feet wide, and ap- H. Doc. 457, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' proximately 875 feet long roughly parallel to Brick Kiln Rd., with a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide leading therefrom to the 7-foot project channel connecting Little Annemessex and Big Annemessex Rivers. Sept. 3, 1954 An anchorage basin in Somers Cove 10 by 600 by 1,000 H. Doc. 435, 81st Cong., 2d sess.' feet with an approach channel 10 by 100 feet from the 10-foot depth in Little Annemessex River through a land cut in Jersey Island to the south side of the basin. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for improvements author- ized under the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, and prior acts except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as required for future maintenance. The River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, modified the project to provide for an anchorage basin in Somers Cove and approach channel thereto subject to the conditions that local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the construction and maintenance of the project when and as required; remove exist- ing structures from the area to be dredged; hold and save. the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project; construct a suitable road connecting the lower portion of Jersey Island with Crisfield; and to contribute a sum equal to the estimated difference in cost between providing an entrance channel through the present entrance to Somers Cove and providing the channel across Jersey Island. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. The waterfront of Crisfield Harbor is built up principally with solid-bulkhead wharves and pile-and-timber piers. The majority of the wharves are privately owned, but are open to the public for transaction of business with the owners. A few of the terminals have mechanical freight-handling devices, but most of the freight is transferred by hand. There are 3 boat-repair yards with marine railways having capacities up to 250 tons. The existing ter- minals are adequate for present and reasonably prospective com- merce. Sufficient areas are available north of Hop Point and on Somers Cove for the construction of additional terminals as needed. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging, by contract to restore authorized dimensions to the channel from Little Anne- messex River, via Cedar and Daugherty Creeks to Big Annemessex River and the mooring basin adjacent to Brick Kiln Road began March 5, 1956, and was completed March 14, 1956. A total of 34,600 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on authorized disposal areas. The total costs, all for main- tenance, were $15,860. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 292 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 March 1948 except for providing an anchorage basin in Somers Cove and an approach channel thereto. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 11.3 in midchannel from Tangier Sound to Con- sumers Ice Company Wharf, ascertained in November 1954; 4.4 feet in midchannel from the ice plant to Hop Point, ascertained in August 1954; and 7 feet from Little Annemessex River to Big Annemessex River via Cedar and Daugherty Creeks and 7 feet in the mooring basin adjacent to Brick Kiln Road, ascertained in March 1956. The condition of the basin in Somers Cove is as described in the project document. The work remaining to be done is providing an anchorage basin in Somers Cove and approach channel thereto authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. The total costs under the existing project were $195,560, of which $176,455 was for new work and $19,105 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------------- ------------------------------------------------ $264,195 Cost--------------------------------------------------------264,195 Maintenance: Appropriated--_-------------- --------------- ------- $360 $15,860 21,944 Cost ------------------------------------------------ 360 15,860 21,944 1 Includes $87,.740 for new work and $2,839 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $102, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________----------------------- 102,000 12. TWITCH COVE AND BIG THOROUGHFARE .RIVER, MD. Location. This is a tidal waterway about 4 miles long traversing Smith Island, Md., in a southeasterly direction from Chesapeake Bay on the west to Tangier Sound on the east. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from Twitch Cove on Tangier Sound through Big Thoroughfare River, thence through the canal at Ewell, Md., thence through Levering Creek and Big Thoroughfare River to the vicinity of Swan Point, thence of the same depth and 100 feet wide through the offshore bar to deep water in Chesapeake Bay, with twin stone jetties at the entrance, the north jetty being about 2,080 feet long, and the south jetty being about 1,800 feet long; an anchorage basin 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 700 feet long connecting with the west side of the existing project channel at Ewell; extension of the existing project channel in Levering Creek, 6 feet deep, 60 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long; and for a channel 4 feet deep and 25 feet wide around the point between Big Thoroughfare River and Tylers River. The mean range of tide is 1.7 feet, and the extreme tidal range is 3 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 293 The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $193,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 A channel 4 feet deep and 25 feet wide from Tangier H. Doc. 285, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Sound into Big Thoroughfare River, and one of the same dimensions around the point between said river and Tylers River. July 3, 1930 A channel 5 feet deep at mean low water and 25 feet H. Doc. 313, 71st Cong., 2d sess. wide from Twitch Cove on Tangier Sound through Big Thoroughfare River to a point on Levering Creek about 800 feet north of the canal at Ewell, Md. Aug. 30, 1935 A channel 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from Twitch Rivers and Harbors Committee, Cove through Big Thoroughfare River to a point Doc. 67, 74th Cong., 1st sess. on Levering Creek about 800 feet north of the canal at Ewell, Md. June 20, 1938 Present project dimensions of the main channel with Rivers and Harbors Committee, twin jetties at the entrance. Doc. 49, 75th Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published maps). May 17, 1950 Anchorage basin 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 700 H. Doc. 340, 81st Cong., 1st sess. feet long on west side of project channel at Ewell, Md., and an extension of the existing project chan- nel in Levering Creek, 6 feet deep, 60 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to (1) furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, rights-of-way, and spoil- disposal areas for construction and maintenance of the improvement, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improve- ment; (3) acquire and reserve for public use an adequate land area adjacent to the anchorage basin with suitable access thereto; and (4) remove all structures within the limits of the proposed improvement. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. There are numerous privately owned pile-and- timber wharves and bulkheads at Ewell which are open to the public for business transactions with the owners. A county wharf is also located at the west end of the town. Five crab houses are situated on Levering Creek, and 1 oyster house is located on the project waterway west of the town of Ewell. Operations and results during fiscal year. A new work contract was awarded to provide an anchorage basin 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 700 feet long on the west side of the project channel at Ewell, Md., and an extension of the existing project channel in Levering Creek, 60 feet wide and 1,000 feet long. Dredging is scheduled to commence during July 1956. Rehabilitation, by contract, of the south jetty at the mouth of Big Thoroughfare River began April 3, 1956, and was completed April 26, 1956. A total of 1,005.4 tons of stone was placed on the jetty. The total costs were, $35,179, of which $5,747 was for new work, and $29,432 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in November 1940, except for work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The project as a whole is 88 percent complete. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 7.2 feet 294 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 from Tangier Sound to Ewell and 8.1 feet from Ewell to deep water in Chesapeake Bay, ascertained in April 1955; and 4 feet in the channel in Tylers River, ascertained in September 1951. The condi- tion of the portion of the project authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, is as described in the project document. The north jetty, repaired in 1953, has settled in several places. The south jetty was repaired in 1956. The total costs were $338,306, of which $169,922 was for new work and $168,384 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------........------------............-----...................------------ ------------ $29,000 $193,175 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------ 5,747 169,922 Maintenance: $45,000 ---.....- Appropriated---........ --........ $27,800 28,900 168,384 Cost-------------- 4,007 $33,042 $924 34,295 29,432 168,384 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ _ $3, 813 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_______________________ ___ 3,813 13. STARLINGS CREEK, VA. Location. Starlings Creek, about 1,500 feet long, is an estuary of Pocomoke Sound at the southerly end of Saxis Island, Accomack County, Va., about 11 miles southereasterly of Crisfield, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1223 and 1224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from that depth in Pocomoke Sound to the mouth of Starlings Creek, with a turning basion of the same depth and 1,000 feet long and 100 feet wide inside the entrance, all es- sentially as shown on the project map. The mean range of tide is 2.4 feet. The total cost for new work for the completed project was $16,537. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $4,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935. (See Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 46, 74th Cong., 1st sess.) This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as needed for future maintenance. Terminal facilities. There is about 1,000 feet of bulkhead wharf available inside the creek, a portion of which is at public property and the balance is in front of the seafood-packing houses. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of preparing maps showing the condition of the project after com- pletion of maintenance dredging in March 1955. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $660. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1937 and restored in 1943, 1948, and 1955. The controllng depth, at mean low water, was 7 feet in the channel and basin, ascertained in RIVERS AND HARBORS BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 295 March 1955. The total costs were $73,020, of which $16,537 was for new work and $56,483 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: __ Appropriated.......-------- .------------------------ ------------ --- $16,537 Cost .---------............ 16,537 ..------------------------------------------------------------ Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ ---------- ------------ $1,500 $20,500 ...---------- 56,483 Cost .------------------------------------- 1,303 20,037 $660 56,483 14. CHINCOTEAGUE BAY, VA. Location. Chincoteague Bay is a shallow sound on the Atlantic coast of Maryland and Virginia. Greenbackville and Franklin City occupy low-lying ground on the westerly shore of the bay 41/2 miles from its southwest end. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1220.) Existing project. This provides for an L-shaped harbor 5 feet deep, 60 feet wide, and 1,500 feet long, with an approach channel of the same depth and width in Chincoteague Bay. The mean range of tide is about 2 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $25,126. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $2,600. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 ( H. Doc. 233, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as required for subsequent main- tenance. Terminal facilities. A public marginal wharf with highway con- nection has been built along the south side of the channel. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging, by contract, to restore the project to authorized dimensions began March 10, 1956, and was completed March 29, 1956. A total of 19,600 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on authorized dumping areas. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $17,640. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in June 1939 and restored in January 1948 and March 1956. The controlling depth, at mean low water, was 5 feet in the channel and harbor, ascertained in March 1956. The total costs were $66,225, of which $25,126 was for new work, and $41,099 was for main- tenance. 296 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------ ------------------------------------------------ $25,126 Cost____ _____________- ----------------- 25,126 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------ ------------ ------------------------ $17,640 41,099 Cost ------------------ - ---------------- 17,640 41,099 15. OCEAN CITY HARBOR AND INLET AND SINEPUXENT BAY, MD. Location. Ocean City is on a barrier island between Sinepuxent Bay and the Atlantic Ocean about 35 miles south of the entrance to Delaware Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1220.) Existing project. This provides for an inlet channel 300 feet wide and 16 feet deep from the 16-foot depth curve in Atlantic Ocean through the inlet to the channel in the Isle of Wight Bay, protected on the south side by a stone jetty with a top elevation of 6 feet above mean low water and a top width of 12 feet, and on the north side by a stone jetty with a top elevation of 9 feet above mean low water and a top width of generally 20 feet, thence generally 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep to the project harbor; a depth of 14 feet and 150 feet wide to the head of the harbor, a length of approximately 3,400 feet; a channel 6 feet deep and 150 feet wide in Sinepuxent Bay from the inlet to Green Point, and thence 100 feet wide in Chincoteague Bay; and for a channel 6 feet deep and 125 feet wide from the inlet channel to a point opposite North Eighth Street in Ocean City, thence 75 feet wide into the Isle of Wight Bay. Depths in the inlet channel and harbor refer to project datum. Depths in the bay channels refer to mean low water. The elevation of mean low water in the bays above mean low water in the ocean at Ocean City varies from about 0.8 foot in the vicinity of the inlet to 1.7 feet at their heads. The mean range of ocean tide is 3.4 feet. The extreme range is from 3 feet below mean low water to about 3.5 feet above mean high water, a total of 9.9 feet. In the bays the mean range of tide varies from approximately 2.5 feet at the inlet to 0.3 foot at their heads. Greater fluctuations are caused by prolonged high winds. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $508,000 exclusive of $500,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $48,000. The existing project was outhorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 297 Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Aug. 30,19352 Construction of an inlet between the Atlantic Ocean Rivers and Harbors Committee and Sinepuxent Bay, 10 feet deep and 200 feet wide, Doc. 38, 72d Cong., 1st sess. protected by jetties, a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the inlet to Ocean City, 6 feet deep and 150 feet wide to Green Point, and 100 feet wide into Chincoteague Bay. Do 3..... Modification providing a 10- by 100-foot channel Rivers and Harbors Committee from the inlet to the west side of the bay with 2 Doc. 60, 74th Cong., 1st sess. turning basins, a channel 6 feet deep 125 feet wide from the inlet channel to opposite North 8th St., Ocean City, and 75 feet wide into Isle of Wight Bay. Sept. 3, 1954 Modification providing for raising the north jetty to H. Doec. 444, 82d Cong., 2d sess. an elevation 9 feet above mean low water, and a channel 300 feet wide and 16 feet deep from the ocean through the inlet to the Isle of Wight Bay channel, thence 200 feet to the project harbor, and a depth of 14 feet in the project harbor. Channel depths refer to project datum. 1Contains latest published maps. 2 Included in Public Works Administration program Sept. 16, 1933. The site chosen for the inlet under this authorization was that opened just south of Ocean City by natural forces during a severe storm in August 1933. This eliminated the necessity for an 8-foot channel from the inlet to Ocean City. 3 Included in Emergency Relief program, 1935. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for the project adopted under authority of the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935. Modification adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the improvements; and that prior to construction, responsible local interests furnish assurances that they will install and maintain ade- quate tank-storage facilities at Ocean City for the handling of petroleum products. Terminal facilities. The facilities on the bay side of Ocean City include 2 storage basins, for pleasure and small commercial craft, and numerous privately owned pile-and-timber piers and bulkhead wharves. Facilities at the project harbor include a public landing about 1,000 feet long, several privately constructed bulkhead wharves open to the public for transaction of business with the owners, and a boat-repair yard with a marine railway capable of handling boats up to about 150 tons. The project harbor is served by the Baltimore, Chesapeake & Atlantic Railway, which has a spur line parallel to the harbor on the north side about 200 feet away. All the piers and wharves are accessible by highway. Adequate space is presently available for expansion of facilities as required. Terminal facilities for the channel across Sinepuxent Bay to Assateague Island consist of a county-owned timber-bulkhead landing at both the South Point and Assateague Island termini of the channel. Adequate spac9 is avL ilable for expansion of these facilities. Operations and results during fiscal year. Rehabilitation, by con- tract, of the north stone jetty to provide for a top elevation of 9 feet above mean low water from the end of the existing concrete cap to a point approximately 600 feet in the Atlantic Ocean and raising of the concrete cap from 7 feet to 9 feet above mean low water for a dis- tance of approximately 170 feet commenced July 6, 1955, and was completed on June 20, 1956. A total of 34,851 tons of stone and 47.2 298 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 cubic yards of concrete was placed on the north jetty. Rehabilitation, by contract, of the breach in the south jetty at the inshore end com- menced June 4, 1956 and was essentially completed. A total of 845.5 tons of stone were placed on the south jetty. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $421,697. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, except for work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, was completed in 1936. The north jetty, which was constructed under the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, was rehabilitated in fiscal year 1956 generally in accordance with plans for new con- struction authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. The controlling dimensions are as follows: Depth 1 Width (ft) (ft) Date ascertained Inlet Channel --------------- __.....__--........... 10.0 200 December 1954. Commercial Fish Harbor . ....--------------------............... 9.5 100 July 1955. Channel to Isle of Wight Bay: Inlet to North 9th Street____.-----..........--------------- 5.0 125 June 1956. North 9th Street into Bay--.. --. ---------- 2.5 75 May 1954. Channel in Sinepuxent Bay----------.----------------- 5.0 150 July 1947. --------- Channel in Chincoteague Bay_------.------------ 5.0 100 Do. 1 Depths refer to mean low water (Atlantic Ocean) at Ocean City, Md., which datum is lower than that in the bays. No work has been done under the modification of the project authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, and its condition is as described in the project document. The total costs were $1,383,241, of which $283,008 (public works funds) and $67,185 (emergency relief funds) were for new work and $1,033,048 (regular funds) was for maintenance. In addition $500,000 of contributed funds were expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ----------- 1$350,193 Cost---------------- ................. - ------------------------------------------- - 1350,193 Maintenance: ---- Appropriated........ $2,000 $55,000 ------------ $436,054 $32,032 1,035,061 Cost .....---------- - 1,602 2,717 $46,270 50,786 421,697 1,033,048 1 Includes $283,008 Public Works funds and $67,185 emergency relief funds; in addition, $500,000 contributed funds was expended forinew work. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______________ $158, 000 16. FISHING CREEK, MD. Location. This creek is a narrow winding tidal stream which enters Chesapeake Bay from the west 56 miles south of Baltimore and about 26 miles south of Annapolis, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1225.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep with RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 299 widths of 100 feet and 60 feet from deep water in Chesapeake Bay to an anchorage of the same depth, 120 feet wide and 400 feet long, located in the marsh 500 feet above the mouth of the creek, and for twin stone jetties at the entrance, the north jetty being about 1,050 feet long, and the south jetty being about 1,100 feet long. The mean tidal range is about 1 foot. The cost of new work for the completed project was $111,242. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $9,300. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 241, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except that local interests are to furnish spoil-disposal areas as needed for future maintenance. Terminal facilities. Seven hundred feet of bulkhead wharf are available on the south side of the entrance channel running west from the bay shore, and a pile-and-timber wharf has been constructed on the west side of the basin by the United States Navy Department. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging by contract to restore project dimensions in the channel from deep water in Chesapeake Bay to the entrance to the anchorage basin began April 24, 1956, and was completed April 28, 1956. A total of 13,700 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on authorized dumping areas.. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $10,304. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1942 and restored in 1944, 1945, 1947, 1951, 1954, and 1956. The con- trolling depths, at mean low water, were 5 feet in the channel, as- certained in April 1956 and 3.5 feet in the anchorage basin, ascer- tained in April 1955. The total costs were $218,030, of which $111,242 was for new work and $106,788 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated - .......--------.- - - -- -__ - -------------------. - -- - $111,242 ----... ------------------------------------------ Cost-----------------.............. 111,242 Maintenance: . Appropriated....... ---------- $24,344 -$3,907 $190 $10,304 106,788 Cost -------------------------- 1,429 19,007 190 10,304 106,788 17. LITTLE CREEK, KENT ISLAND, QUEEN ANNES COUNTY, MD. Location. Little Creek is a tidal estuary, 2,600 feet long, tributary to Crab Alley Bay, which in turn joins Chesapeake Bay south of Kent Island, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1225.) Existing project. Provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from the 7-foot depth curve in Crab Alley Bay to and including a basin of the same depth, 150 feet wide and 250 feet long opposite the existing boatyard in Little Creek. The navi- gable section of Little Creek extends approximately 2,400 feet above 300 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 its mouth, and the length of the section included in the project is about 1,850 feet. The mean range of tide is about 1.3 feet. Greater fluctuations are caused by prolonged or high winds. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $25,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $850. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. (H. Doc. 715, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and mainte- nance of the project, including such damage as may occur to oyster beds; and provide and maintain at their own expense, an adequate public wharf with suitable approach channel open to all on equal terms. It is believed that the conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. There are 2 marine railways, 1 boatbuilding and repair yard, 4 oyster-packing houses of which 2 are also used for packing crabs in the summer season, and 4 privately owned commer- cial piers. A county wharf approximately 80 feet long and 60 feet wide of bulkhead solid-fill construction, in good condition, is located along the westerly bank of Little Creek at the mouth. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preconstruction planning of the project was completed during April 1956. The total costs, all for new work, were $749. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done and the condition is as described in the project document. The total costs, all for new work, were $749. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated........------------------------------------------------ $2,500 $2,500 Cost--- ------------------------------------------------------ 749 749 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------. $1, 751 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ 22, 500 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ______-___ ______ 24,251 18. RHODES POINT TO TYLERTON, SOMERSET COUNTY, MD. Location. Rhodes Point and Tylerton are two settlements about 1.5 miles apart on Smith Island, which is located between Chesapeake Bay and Tangier Sound, about 60 miles north of the Virginia Capes and about 110 miles south of Baltimore. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 4 feet deep at mean RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 301 low water and 50 feet wide from Tylerton to Rhodes Point via Rhodes Point Gut. The length of the project is about 5,400 feet. The mean range of tide is 1.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $38,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for maintenance is $500. The exist- ing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. No. 51, 82d Cong., 1st sess.). Map of the locality is published in the project document. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way and suit- able spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent mainte- nance when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. It is believed that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. Numerous pile-and-timber wharves are lo- cated along the water fronts at Rhodes Point and Tylerton. The facilities are privately owned, but are open to the public, without charge, when not in use by the owners, and are adequate for existing commerce. Sufficient space for the construction of additional facilities are available, if required. Operations and results during fiscal year. A contract for new work dredging was awarded to provide project dimensions. Dredging is scheduled to commence during July 1956. The total costs, all for new work, were $4,930. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done and the condition is as described in the project document. The total costs, all for new work, were $4,930. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------ ----- ----------- --- ... -- -- ..--------- $38,000 $38,000 Cost--------...------------------------ ------------------------ 4,930 4,930 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- $6, 910 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - --- _ _-- 6, 910 19. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Date Cost during reconnaissance Name of project fiscal year or condition survey conducted 1. Susquehanna River above and below Havre de Grace, Md.------ $262 March 1956. 2. Black Walnut Harbor, Md.__-------------------------------------- 341 January 1956. 3. Duck Point Cove, Md. ----------------------------------------- 186 October 1955. 4. Broad Creek River, Del.... 232 November 1955. 5. Pocomoke River, Md..---- ------ - --- ------ ---- - --- 347 October 1955. 6. Tangier Channel, Va._ 269 Do. 7. Herring Bay and Rockhold Creek, Md.-. 233 January 1956. Total cost during fiscal year - . .. 1,870 302 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: ------------ --------------------------------. Appropriated.......-- $1,870 $1,870 Cost ................------- ...........------------ ---------------------------------- 1,870 1,870 20. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Middle River and Dark Head Creek, Md..__ 1947 1$38,715 $2,955 (2) 2. Susquehanna River above and below Havre de Grace, Md. Active portion____ ____-__________--- - 1950 3293,570 89,492 (2) Inactive portion ---------------------- 1950 ------------- -------------- 30,700 3. Northeast River, Md.________________ _ 1955 4 28,489 12,102 (2) 4. Elk and Little Elk Rivers, Md. Active portion_________________________ 1932 6 90,121 744,342 (2) Inactive portion______________ ___ 1932 __________ ___ 10,100 5. Corsica River, Md..-- ------------------ 1948 8 39,071 55,908 (2) 6. Queenstown Harbor, Md.__ 1955 9 44,858 27,642 32,000 7. Channel Connecting Plain Dealing Creek and Oak Creek, Md.io_-- __-___- _-- 1940 112 ............ 5 148,400 8. Claiborne Harbor, Md. ..... ..-------------------- 1933 42,974 48,584 (2) 9. Black Walnut Harbor, Md._ 10-1950 32,631 ........... (2) 10. Tilghman Island Harbor, Md. 11 1922 30 11,000 5-------------- 11. Tred Avon River, Md. Active portion ______.......... - __..__... 1950 1212,693 4,072 (2) Inactive portion___ ________________ 1950- ------------- --------- -5 58,600 12. Town Creek, Md . .. __.....____________.......__ 1950 43,220 _------- (2) 13. Island Creek, Md.------....-------- ........---------- 1948 6,230 1,069 (2) 14. La Trappe River, Md.__--.-- _.._-----.... _. 1948 8,064 16,000 (2) 15. Choptank River, Md. 11___________________ 1953 84,296 39,251 (2) 16. Tuckahoe River, Md. __________--- - - _ 1923 9,727 1,093 (2) 17. Warwick River, Md._____________________ 1948 22,041 73,272 (2) 18. Cambridge Harbor, Md. _________ 1954 1381,974 9,171 207,000 19. Waterway from Little 10 Choptank River to Choptank River, Md.'o- - ______ __-_-_ 1939 305 5 105,000 20. Slaughter Creek, Md. _ _ . . . __ 1948 4,140 1,119 (2) 21. Duck Point Cove, Md.. ___-------------- 1951 25,289-------------- (2) 22. Nanticoke River, Md...............--------------------- 1950 73,243 2,732 (2) 23. Broad Creek River, Del. ..------------------- 1950 14 64, 520 1545,624 (2) 24. Tyaskin Creek, Md."i __ _ _ ___------- 1923 1816,297 18,266 (2) 25. Upper Thoroughfare, Deal Island, Md...... 1953 1762,446 59,790 (2) 26. Manokin River, Md._--------------------- 1919 18s34,788 31,874 (2) 27. Broad Creek, Md...-- --------------------- 1951 28,227 58,742 (2) 28. Pocomoke River, Md ...--------------------- 1955 19 182,426 261,975 701,000 29. Tangier Channel, Va. ...........--... _ -....1955 2072,969 89,012 (2) 30. Waterway on the Coast of Virginia _ ... 1955 107,298 52,675 652,000 31. Governors Run, Calvert County, Md.. _ 1950 88,000 32. Herring Bay and Rockhold Creek, Md. 1948 50,591 9,844 (2) 10 33. Broadwater Creek, Md. - 1949 ___------------- 5 97,200 34. Parish Creek, Md.-_ -.- - -__-_________--1951 2119,170 6,826 (2) 35. Cad 35.Lake Cadle Ogleton, Creek, Md._ _.. ._ Md.____________--___________ 1949 ............................. 14,000 36. Lake Ogleton, Md._ ---------- 1950 1950 ____-______-___ ____________ 131,000 31,000 37. Back Creek, Anne Arundel Co., Md......... 1946 23,061 89 (2) 38. Annapolis Harbor, Md..------------------- 1946 2234,250 1,672 (2) 39. Mill Creek, Md........._. ____.. . . 1949 ......... .......... 14,000 --------------------- 40. Cypress Creek, Md. 1947 3,057---------- __ - (2) 41. Deep Creek, Accomack County, Va.. -....1955 --------___-------..... ....... 95,000 42. Anchorage at Lowes Wharf, Talbot County, Md.--------------------------------- 1955 ..........-------------- ..-------------- 29,000 43. Nanticoke River, Bivalve, Wicomico County, Md. -------- 1955 ---------------------------- 204,000 FLOOD CONTROL-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 303 1 Exclusive of $165,581 contributed byU. S. Navy Department. 2 Completed. 3 Includes $22,905 Works Progress Administration funds and $97,390 expended on previous project. 4 Includes $20,640 expended on previous project. 5 Revised in 1954. 6 Includes $79,626 expended on previous project. Exclusive of $8,414 contributed funds. ' Includes $24,321 expended on previous project. 8 Includes $30,000 expended on previous project. 9 Includes $19,000 expended on previous project. 1oEntire project inactive. 11Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 12 Includes $6,000 expended on previous project. 13Includes $61,321 expended on previous project. 14Includes $50,000 expended on previous project. 16Includes $7,463 expended on previous project. 16 Includes $10,158 expended on previous project. 17 Includes $37,343 public works funds and $330 expended on previous project. 18Includes costs of $2,000 incurred outside the project limits. 19Includes $20,500 expended on previous project. 20Includes $42,000 public works funds. 21Includes $19,170 Works Progress Administration funds. 22 Includes $8,476 expended on previous project. 21. STILLWATER RESERVOIR, LACKAWANNA RIVER, PA. Location. The Stillwater dam site is on the Lackawanna River, 39 miles from the mouth of the stream and about 31/2 miles upstream from Forest City, Susquenhanna County, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet, "Honesdale, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a dam of the earthfill type, rising 77 feet above the streambed, with an uncon- trolled outlet conduit and chute spillway in the left abutment. The reservoir capacity will be 12,100 acre-feet, of which 11,775 acre-feet will be flood-control storage and the remainder will be utilized to maintain the existing water-supply reservoir for Forest City, Pa., at this site. The reservoir area will be 420 acres, and the pool will ex- tend about 2.1 miles upstream. The reservoir will control 52 percent of the watershed above Carbondale, 26 percent above Olyphant, and 17 percent above Scranton. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, as a modification of the Southern New York and Eastern Pennsylvania project author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The estimated Federal cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $10,100,000, of which $7,630,000 is for construction and $2,470,000 is for lands and dam- ages. Local cooperation. None required. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Preliminary engineering and design studies, field surveys and foundation explorations in con- nection with general and specific design memoranda and contract plans and specifications, by architect-engineer contract, began March 28, 1956, and were in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The total costs, all for new work, were $115,399. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary engineering and de- sign studies are 55 percent complete and contract plans and specifica- tions are 14 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is completion of design work, contract plans and specifications and con- struction of the project. The total costs, all for new work, were $195,399. 304 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $195,000 $275,000 Cost ..........----------------- $50 --------------------- ------------ 115,399 195,399 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ... _ $75 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------------ _--- 1525, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ --------------- 525, 075 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _____-------------- -__ 9, 300, 000 1 Excludes $75,000 advanced during fiscal year 1956. 22. SWOYERSVILLE AND FORTY FORT, PA. Location. Swoyersville and Forty Fort, Pa., are located in Luzerne County on the right bank of the North Branch of the Susquehanna River approximately 63 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet, "Pittston, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of 9,810 linear feet of earth levee, 2,135 linear feet of capped steel sheet pile wall and related drainage structures along the north or right bank of the Susquehanna River; 3,900 feet of diversion channel to carry the flow of Abrahams Creek directly to the river and 5,500 linear feet of earth levee along the right or west bank of the diverted channel connecting with the levee along the Susquehanna River, including related works; and 1,415 linear feet of levee, 355 linear feet of capped steel sheet pile wall and related works near the mouth of Hicks Creek in the Borough of Exeter. The improvement will provide protection for the communities of Swoyersville, Forty Fort, Wyoming, West Wyoming, Exeter, and part of West Pittston, against a flood discharge in the Susquehanna River equal to the maxi- mum flood of record, which occurred in March 1936. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 702, 77th Cong., 2d sess.) The estimated Federal cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $3,750,000 for construction. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1955 is $282,600. Local cooperation. Formal assurances of cooperation by local in- terests have been furnished and were approved on March 4, 1953. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction, by con- tract, of the first unit along the right bank of the Susquehanna River was completed July 2, 1955. Construction, by continuing contract, of the second unit, consisting of levee and a diversion channel for Abrahams Creek continued throughout the fiscal year. The major items of work accomplished were excavation of 16,364 cubic yards of common and borrow material, placement of 22,801 cubic yards of backfill and levee embankment, placement of 576 square yards of FLOOD CONTROL-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 305 riprap slope protection and pouring of 243 cubic yards of concrete. Construction, by contract, of the third unit in the Borough of Exeter near the mouth of Hicks (Carpenter) Creek commenced October 15, 1955, and continued throughout the fiscal year. The major items of work accomplished were excavation of 11,035 cubic yeards of common and borrow material, placement of 8,480 cubic yards of backfill and levee embankment, construction of 4,452 square feet of steel sheet piling and pouring of 289 cubic yards of concrete. Con- struction, by continuing contract of the fourth unit, which is adjacent to and downstream from the first unit, commenced April 22, 1956, and continued throughout the fiscal year. The major items of work accomplished were excavation of 19,820 cubic yards of common and borrow material, placement of 14,630 cubic yards of backfill and levee embankment and placement of 1,350 tons of riprap toe stone protection. The total costs, all for new work, were $254,004. Condition at end of fiscal year. The first unit of the project was completed on July 2, 1955, and the second, third, and fourth units are 99 percent, 50 percent, and 10 percent completed, respectively. The work remaining to be done is to complete construction of those units. The total costs, all for new work, were $2,075,195. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- . - $29, 500 $896,000 $400,000 $510,000 $390, 000 $2,295,000 Cost-- -------------- 11,829 81,008 420,400 1,224,838 254,004 2,075,195 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ........ $742 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 525, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __- 525, 742 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------------930, 000 23. KINGSTON-EDWARDSVILLE, SUSQUEHANNA RIVER, PA. Location. The boroughs of Kingston and Edwardsville, Pa., are located in Luzerne County, Pa., on the right bank of the North Branch of the Susquehanna River approximately 62 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet, "Pittston, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system of levees consisting of the following features: About 18,429 feet of earth levee along the right bank of the North Branch of the Susquehanna River, extending from high ground, near Rutter Avenue and Church Street in Kingston southeasterly to the river, thence downstream along the right bank of the river to the Kingston-Edwardsville borough line, thence northerly generally parallel to the Edwardsville borough line to high ground near Toby Creek and Plymouth Street; a concrete pressure culvert 161/2 feet 306 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 in diameter, about 6,659 feet long with impounding basin, levees, intake structure, and gated outlet to carry the flow of Toby Creek; 3 pumping stations for the disposal of interior drainage; 3,080 feet of concrete intercepting sewer; appurtenant drainage structures; and about 16,700 feet-of electric transmission lines, with 2 transformer substations for furnishing power to the pumping stations. The im- provement provides protection for the boroughs of Kingston and Edwardsville against a flood discharge equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in March 1936. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $4,472,000 for construction. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1952, is $378,900. In addition, $225,877 emergency relief funds were expended for new work prior to adoption of the project. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction by con- tract, of hand-operated sluice gates on the outlet of Toby Creek pres- sure conduit commenced January 31, 1956, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The total costs, all for new work, were $10,328. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was operationally complete in 1943. Responsibility for operation and maintenance of the project was formally transferred to local interests on December 1, 1948. The work remaining to be done is to complete construction of the sluice gates on Toby Creek outlet. The total costs, all for new work, were $4,425,557, of which $3,263,009 was regular funds and $1,162,548 was emergency relief funds. In addition $225,877 emer- gency relief funds were expended prior to adoption of the project. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $8,000 -$10,000 ------------... $5,000 $56,000 12 $4,471,969 Cost.--------------- 19,707 3,359 $772 4,260 10,328 124,425,557 1 Includes $1,162,548 emergency relief funds. 2 In addition, $225,877 emergency relief funds were expended for new work prior to adoption of the project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- -- $9, 443 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------------------------- 9, 443 24. WEST BRANCH OF THE SUSQUEHANNA RIVER, PA. Location. The project consists of a system of three flood-control reservoirs in headwaters of the West Branch Susquenhanna River in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The reservoirs, to be known as Curwensville, Kettle Creek, and Blanchard, are on the West Branch approximately 2.5 miles upstream from Curwensville, Pa.; on Kettle Creek 6.7 miles above the mouth and 10 miles upstream from Renovo, Pa.; and on Bald Eagle Creek approximately 1 mile upstream from Blanchard, Pa.; respectively. (See U. S. Geological Survey quad- FLOOD CONTROL-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 307 rangle sheets, "Curwensville, Pa."; "Keating, Pa."; and "Howard, Pa."; respectively.) Existing project. The work authorized under this project con- sists of three reservoirs for flood control, each with a storage capacity equal to 6 inches of runoff from the controlled drainage area, and each having a small conservation pool to control debris. Curwensville Dam has a central portion of gravity concrete with earthfill embankments extending to high ground at the abutments and with the spillway and outlet conduits in the concrete portion. Kettle Creek Dam is a concrete gravity structure with the spill- way and outlet conduits integral with the dam. Blanchard Dam is a rolled-earthfill structure having a single outlet conduit on rock in the left abutment and having a concrete spillway in a saddle adjacent to the left abutment. The estimated Federal cost for new work revised in 1956, is $71,400,000, of which $49,355,000 is for construction and $22,045,000 for lands and damages. The estimated annual cost for maintenance, operation and replace- ments as given in the authorizing act is $90,000. Additional information on the individual units of the project is tabulated below: Curwensville Kettle Creek Blanchard Reservoir Reservoir Reservoir Nearest large community ...--Curwensville, Pa ... Renovo, Pa ....... Blanchard, Pa. Stream distance from mouth of 307 miles____ ____- 235 miles.__________ 207 miles. Susquehanna River. Drainage area above dam .. 368 sq. mi_________ . 228 sq. mi ...... _._ 339 sq. mi. Reservoir: Spillway elevation above 1,225 ft_------------ 923 ft_- - -- - -- - - 658 ft. m. s.1. Flood-control capacity-.... 118,500 acre-ft_ 74,000 acre-ft- ...... 113,000 acre-ft. Total area of reservoir --..2,750 acres___.....-_-- 1,425 acres ........... 3,650 acres. Reservoir length at spill- 12.6 miles_ _____ 9.3 miles---------- 9.7 miles. way crest. Conservation pool area_ -- 145 acres______------- .. 30 acres _______-- _ 370 acres. Relocation required....... Railroad, cemetery.... Highway, utilities, Railroad, hi ghway, cemetery. cemetery, utilities. Dam: Type--------_ -------- Concrete gravity and Concrete gravity- ..... Earthfill. earthfill. Top elevation above m. s.L__1,253.5 ft.---------- 948 ft------ .-------680.5 ft. Height above stream bed_ . 129 ft__-------------- 170 ft__---_------------ 95 ft. Height of structure ........ 138 ft__------------- 195 ft-_.__.------------ 95 ft. Design freeboard....--------.. 5.3 ft_--------------- 5.3ft__---------------- 8.0 ft. Top length.______-- - 900 ft. concrete, 1,460 6,650 ft. 832 ft.....-------------............ ft. earth. Spillway: Location--.....------------Integral with concrete Integral with dam -- - Adjacent saddle. dam. Type _ __ -------- Uncontrolled overflow- Uncontrolled overflow. Uncontrolled overflow. Height above streambed_ _ 100.5 ft------------- 145 ft-__---------- 73.5 ft. Width---------------- 300 ft--__-_---------- 350 ft--__------------- 600 ft. Design discharge.........-- 132,000 c. f. s ........ 121,000 c. f. s--_...._-_ 129,000 c. f. s. Outlet works: Location--- ----- . Through concrete Through dam._......- Left abutment. dam. Type -------------- Controlled ...-------- Controlled- ........ __ Controlled. Number of conduits ..... 5 ------------------- 5_-------- -------- 1. Number of gates ______ 5 .... Gate size..._________.... --- --------- _-_ 4.25 ft x 8.25 ft ......__ .- 3.5 ft x 7 ft . .--------- 3. 5 ft. x 14 ft. Outlet capacity........-___ 9,500 c. f. s .__.....__ 7,500 c. f. s ..---------9,500c. f. s. Length of stilling basine__ 145ft._______ 138 ft-___------------ 104 ft. Estimated Federal cost (June 1956): Construction -------------- $17,839,000 $16,616,000 $14,900,000 Lands and damages ....... 9,461,000 984,000 11,600,000 Total .... - - 27,300,000 17,600,000 26,500,000 308 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, authorized the plan for flood protection on the West Branch of the Susquehanna River substantially in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in his report of June 25, 1954 (H. Doc. No. 29, 84th Cong., 1st sess.), and authorized to be appropriated $25,000,000 for partial accomplishment of the plan. Local cooperation. None required. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, is applicable. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Preliminary engineering and design studies consisting of foundation explorations and aerial mapping commenced and was in progress throughout the fiscal year. The total costs, all for new work, were $39,999. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary engineering and de- sign studies are 30 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is completion of engineering and design studies, preparation of de- tailed plans and specifications and construction of the project by contract. The total costs, all for new work, were $39,999. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.--- ----------- ----------.---.-- _------------------- $40,000 $40,000 Cost-------........----------------------------------------------- 39,999 39,999 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-----. $1 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -_____________-_ ___ _ 95, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957____________-_ 95,001 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- 71, 265, 000 25. WILLIAMSPORT, SUSQUEHANNA RIVER, PA. Location. Williamsport, the county seat of Lycoming County, Pa., is located on the left bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River, 40 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geologicaal Survey quadrangle sheets, "Trout Run and Williamsport, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system of levees and concrete floodwalls and appur- tenant structures, consisting of the following features: About 26,200 feet of earth levee and 3,060 feet of concrete floodwall along the left bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River, extending from high ground near Sheridan Street, generally parallel to and on the right bank of Millers Run to the Susquehanna River, thence extending upstream along the left bank of the river and Lycoming Creek; about 29,900 feet of earth levee and 860 feet of concrete floodwall along the left bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River, extending from high ground at Bottle Run generally parallel to and on the right bank of Lycoming Creek to the Susquehanna River, thence FLOOD CONTROL-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 309 extending upstream along the left bank of the river to Carothers Lane, thence to high ground along the Pennsylvania Railroad; about 11,400 feet of earth levee and 880 feet of concrete floodwall along the right bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River in South Williamsport, extending from high ground at Central Avenue and Charles Street, along Charles Street to the river, thence upstream along the river to high ground at Maynard Street; a reinforced con- crete pressure culvert about 1,390 feet long and a flume 470 feet long to provide for control of Hagermans Run; 10 pumping stations for the disposal of interior drainage; and appurtenent closure and drain- age structures. The improvement will provide protection for the city of Williamsport and the borough of South Williamsport and part of Old Lycoming Township against a flood discharge equal to the max- imum flood of record, which occurred in March 1936. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The current estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $12,820,000 for construction, which does not include $110,835 of local contributions. The estimated local cost of lands, damages, and utility relocations, revised in 1955, is $2,158,500 which in- cludes $110,835 of contributed funds. Local cooperation. Local interests have furnished assurances that all requirements will be complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction by con- tract of bank stabilization along Lycoming Creek in levee unit No. 1, channel excavation in levee unit No. 4 and two hand-operated sluice gates on existing outlets through the levee in levee unit No. 4 were continued and completed on September 26, 1955. The major items of work accomplished were excavation of 5,737 cubic yards of earth material, placement of 1,111 cubic yards of backfill, placement of 3,818 square yards of stone riprap protection and installation of two sluice gates. Construction by contract of the Mill Race and Spring Run pump- ing stations continued and were completed on October 14, 1955. The major items of work accomplished were excavation of 2,764 cubic yards of earth material, placement of 3,138 cubic yards of backfill, and 888 cubic yards of concrete. Construction by contract of levee unit No. 4B continued and was completed on February 3, 1956. The major items of work accom- plished were excavation of 105,770 cubic yards of earth material, placement of 88,668 cubic yards of levee embankment and backfill and placement of 12,935 square yards of stone riprap and 298 cubic yards of concrete. Construction by contract of levee unit No. 4C continued and was completed on October 7, 1955. The major items of work accom- plished were placement of 27,200 cubic yards of levee embankment and backfill and placement of 6,028 square yards of stone riprap. Construction by contract of seepage control in levee unit No. 4 commenced October 4, 1955, and was completed on December 31, 1955. The total costs, all for new work, were $207,624. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is com- plete. Responsibility for operation and maintenance of the com- 310 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 pleted work on levee units Nos. 1, 2, and 3 was formally transferred to local interests on August 30, 1950; levee unit No. 4A on January 19, 1955; levee unit No. 4B on August 10, 1955; levee unit No. 4C on October 16, 1955; Mill Race and Spring Run pumping stations on August 10, 1955; levee units No. 5A and 5B on November 20, 1953; levee unit No. 5C on November 1, 1954; and levee unit No. 6 on August 30, 1952. The total costs, all for new work, were $12,927,223, of which $12,814,501 was regular funds, $110,835 was contributed funds and $1,887 was emergency relief funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------......--. $775,000 $1,037,500 $850,000 $500,000 -$17,000 2 $12,820,237 .-......... Cost-- -- . 495,398 837,242 1,081,556 1,190,608 207,624 212,816,388 1 Includes $1,887 emergency relief funds. 2 In addition, $110,835 contributed funds was expended for new work. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_-_____ _ $3, 849 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ ____________-_______________-_ 3, 849 26. TYRONE, PA. Location. Tyrone, Pa., is on the left bank of the Little Juniata River, 15 miles above its confluence with the Frankstown Branch, and 116 miles above the mouth of the Juniata River. Bald Eagle Creek and Sink Run, draining 53 and 7 square miles, respectively, flow through the city. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet, "Tyrone, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of 4,700 feet of levee and 2,000 feet of concrete floodwalls along the Little Juniata River, 3,900 feet of channel enlargement and 900 feet of pressure conduit along Bald Eagle Creek, 700 feet of channel enlargement, and 1,850 feet of pressure conduit on Sink Run. Interior drainage will be provided by a pressure conduit on Schell Run, pumping stations, in- terceptor sewers, and appurtenant works. The improvement will pro- vide protection for the city of Tyrone against a flood discharge equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in March 1936. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 702, 77th Cong., 2d sess.) The entire project is deferred for restudy. The Federal cost was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $8,780,000. The local cost was last revised in 1952 and was estimated to be $595,500. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation were furnished by the Borough Council of Tyrone and the Water and Power Re- sources Board of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and were formally accepted June 13, 1949. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering studies FLOOD CONTROL-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 311 consisting of revisions in preliminary design of project in line with present criteria and an economic anaylsis to determine the feasibility of constructing the project were commenced and essentially com- pleted. The total costs, all for new work, were $24,416. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary design studies are essentially complete. The remaining work consists of completion of design memoranda, contract plans and specifications and construc- tion of the project. The total costs, all for new work, were $159,932. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -___ -$39,000 -$400 -$84 .......... $25,000 $160,516 Cost- ---------------. 132 344 ......------------ 24,416 ..------------. 159,932 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____________ $8, 620, 000 27. YORK, CODORUS CREEK, PA. Location. York, Pa., is on Codorus Creek, 10 miles above its con- fluence with the main Susquehanna River. Codorus Creek with its tributary branches is located in York County in the south and central parts of Pennsylvania. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheets, "Pennsylvania-York and Hanover.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of Indian Rock Dam an earth and rockfill dam about 1,000 feet long at the top, rising 83 feet above the streambed, with a reser- voir providing for the controlled storage of 28,000 acre-feet at the elevation of the spillway crest. The dam site is located on the main branch of Codorus Creek about 3 miles above York. The outlet works are located in the right abutment and the uncontrolled spillway is located on the right bank, discharging upstream from the tunnel out- let. The reservoir will control the entire drainage area of the main branch of Codorus Creek and 41 percent of the drainage area above York. The plan also provides for improvements to Codoruus Creek channel in the vicinity of and through the city of York for a distance of about 22,969 feet extending from 300 feet above Richland Avenue to a point downstream from the Pennsylvania Railroad crossing known as Black Bridge. The improvements, which will increase the channel capacity to 24,000 cubic feet per second, include widening and deepening the channel, constructing bank protection, removing the York Roller Mill Dam, and the construction of a low water channel approximately 3,900 feet in length in the vicinity of the York Roller Mill Dam. The improvement will provide protection for the city of York against a flood discharge approximately 33 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in August 1933. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. 312 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1955, is $5,103,- 200, of which $4,578,200 is for construction and $525,000 is for lands and damages. These figures include $11,588 of emergency relief funds. The estimated annual maintenance cost, approved in 1954, is $38,400 for Indian Rock Dam and Codorus Creek Channel. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work construction, by contract, of a reinforced concrete manhole on an existing 36-inch pipe through the floodwall continued and was completed on November 7, 1955. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was con- tinued by hired labor. The total costs were $38,477, of which $11,412 was for new work and $27,065 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is com- plete. Operational completion was obtained in November 1947 and the remaining construction features were completed in September 1952 and November 1955. The work remaining to be done is to complete reimbursement to property owners for lands acquired for the channel portion of the project. The total costs were $5,320,851, of which $5,049,579 (regular funds) and $11,588 (emergency relief funds) were for new work and $259,684 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..- _ _ _.......... . -- $52,000 $2,000 $11, 510 -$331 1 $5,061,167 Cost---------------_ Maintenance: $99,452 14,823 .,612 2,161 11,412 15,061,167 Appropriated.....-------- 33,568 20,045 29,000 24,500 28,000 260,113 Cost---- 33,424 19,540 26,536 28,542 27,065 259,684 1 Includes $11,588 emergency relief funds. 28. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Wilkes-Barre-Hanover Township, Susque- hanna River, 8Pa.--------------------- 1953 1 $3, 788,957 -.-.....-. (2) 2. Nanticoke, Pa. 4--4 --- --- -- --- --- --- - - 1937 ----- ------------------ - $1,700,000 3. West Pittston, Pa. 1937 -.-........--............. 953,000 4. Plymouth, Susquehanna River, Pa._-....... 1953 71,866,189 ---- _.-----.. (2) 5. Sunbury, Susquehanna River, Pa.--___-_-.... 1953 6,063,000 ------------ - (2) 6. Federalsburg, Marshyhope Creek, Md. s8..... 1941 4,061-- . 515,900 1 Includes $872,715 emergency relief funds. In addition $36,375 emergency relief funds were expended prior to adoption of the project. 2 Completed. 3 No funds have been allotted and no work has been done on this project. In accordance with the pro- visions of the 1941 Flood Control Act, the 5-year limitation clause on assurances of local cooperation has been invoked. The project authorization expired October 19, 1955. 4 Inactive. ' Revised in 1954. 6 No funds have been allotted and no work has been done on this project. In accordance with the pro- visions of the 1941 Flood Control Act, the 5-year limitation clause on assurances of local cooperation has been invoked. The project authorization expired November 28, 1955. ?Includes $4,357 emergency relief funds. 8 In accordance with the provisions of the 1941 Flood Control Act, the 5-year limitation clause on assur- aces of local cooperation has been invoked. The project authorization will expire December 1, 1960. FLOOD CONTROL-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 313 29. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Projects transferred to local interests for operation and mainte- nance were inspected as required by hired labor. The total costs during the fiscal year, all for maintenance, were $1,217. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated ....---- $900 $800 $20,500 ------------...... $1,000 $24,740 Cost ............-----------------. 1,726 930 14,422 $6,006 1,217 24,740 30. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency flood-control activities-repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (PL 99, 84th Cong., 1st Sess., and antecedent legislation.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Revisions were made in the Flood-Emergency Manual to incorporate latest data, and emer- gency operations in connection with flood fighting were performed as required. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $24,227. Condition at end of fiscal year. The major items of accomplish- ment under this act have been emergency repairs by contract to levee embankment along the right bank of Lycoming Creek in Williamsport, Pa., completed in fiscal year 1953; construction by contract of riverbank stabilization at Wilkes-Barre, Pa., completed in fiscal year 1949; emergency repairs by contract to Mile Post cutoff levee at Sunbury, Pa., completed in fiscal year 1947. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $330,906, of which $45,085 was contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated __------_ _ __ __------------ - ------ ---- $43,359 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 43,359 Maintenance: Appropriated $8,970 $13,900 $822 $6,200 $25,100 1287,639 Cost----------------- 13,353 12,768 5,027 6,188 24,227 1285,821 1 In addition, $45,085 contributed funds was expended for maintenance work. 31. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD-CONTROL RESERVOIR OPERATIONS Operations and results during fiscal year. Studies to develop and prescribe regulations for operation for flood control of George B. Stevenson Reservoir (formerly known as First Fork Reservoir) and to coordinate this reservoir with the West Branch Susquehanna River reservoir system, including emergency radio communication, were 314 REPORT' OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 initiated. Condition at end of fiscal year. Studies in connection with sched- uling of flood-control reservoir regulations have been initiated. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $1,100. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-- -------------------------------------------- $1,100 $1,100 Cost-----------------------------.........--------------------------- 1,100 1,100 32. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of this work for the fiscal year amounted to $44,024, of which $4,381 was for navigation studies, $30,837 was for flood- control studies and $8,806 was for special studies (hurricane studies). The balance unexpended on June 30, 1956, $16,088, plus allotments of $14,000, $56,000, and $30,000 for navigation studies, flood-control studies, and special studies, respectively, a total of $116,088, will be applied as follows: Navigation studies - - $ 14,701 Flood-control studies - 71,193 Special studies (hurricane studies) ___ 30,194 Total - _ -- 116,088 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of south central Pennsylvania, western Maryland, eastern West Virginia, and northern Virginia embracing the western part of Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries from Cove Point, Md., to a line due west through Wolf Trap Light to the watershed line between the northerly arm of Winter Harbor and Garden Creek, Va. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Washington Harbor, D. C - -_ 315 15. Other authorized navigation 2. Potomac River, north side of projects_- 338- Washington Channel, D. C_ 318 3. Potomac River and tributaries at and below Washington, Flood Control D. C., elimination of water 16. Anacostia River Basin, flood chestnut__ __ 319 protection and navigation 4. Potomac River below Wash- improvements, District of ington, D. C_ 321 Columbia and Maryland___ 339 5. Neale Sound, Md___ 322 17. Cumberland, Md., and Ridge- 6. St. Patricks Creek, Md ...... 323 ley, W. Va___ 341 7. Channel to Island Creek, St. 18. Other authorized flood-control George Island, Md_ ..... 324 projects 344 8. Little Wicomico River, Va. .. 325 19. Inspection of completed flood- 9. Rappahannock River, Va .... 326 control works_ 344 10. Totuskey Creek, Va 327 20. Flood-control work under spe- 11. Urbanna Creek, Va_ 329 cial autorization_ 345 12. Whitings Creek, Va_____. 330 13. Maintenance, operation, and capital outlay of the Wash- General Investigations ington aqueduct_ 331 21. Examinations and surveys --- 14. Navigation projects on which 346 reconnaissance and condi- tion surveys only were con- ducted during the fiscal year 337 1. WASHINGTON HARBOR, D. C. Location. Washington Harbor is located within the District of Columbia at the junction of the Anacostia River with the Potomac River which flows in a southeasterly direction 108 miles to the Chesa- peake Bay. It is southerly 202 miles by water from Baltimore, Md., and northerly 195 miles from Norfolk, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 560.) Previous projects. The original project for the Potomac River was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1833, July 11, 1870, and August 2, 1882. For further details, see page 1791 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 295 of Annual Report for 1934. The River and Harbor Act of September 19, 1890, authorized an allotment for work on the Anacostia River; joint resolution of Congress of April 11, 1898, made appropriation for a survey; and a project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. 87, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and Annnual Report for 1899, p. 1443). For further details see page 430 of the Annual Report for 1932 and page 421 of Annual Report for 1938. 315 316 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. This project is a combination and extension of the latest projects for the Potomac River at Washington, D. C., and the Ancostia River, D. C. The project provides for: (1) Virginia Channel, from Giesboro Point to Francis Scott Key Bridge, 24 feet deep and 400 feet wide, with the width increased as necessary to afford a low water cross-section area of 25,000 square feet; (2) Washington Channel, from Hains Point to the head of Washington Channel, 24 feet deep and 400 feet wide; (3) Anacostia River from Giesboro Point to Anacostia Bridge, 24 feet deep and 400 feet wide, with turning basin 800 feet wide and approximately 2,400 feet long of same depth opposite the Naval Gun Factory; (4) Anacostia River from Anacostia Bridge, 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide to turning basin 400 feet square of same depth at foot of Fifteenth Street SE. The channel lengths including turning basins are: Virginia Channel, 25,000 feet; Washington Channel, 10,000 feet; and Anacostia River, 15,000 feet; (5) operation and maintenance of the inlet gates and lock and the outlet gates of the Tidal Basin constructed under a previous project to flush the Washington Channel. The plane of reference is low water datum which is 0.35 foot below mean low tide as observed from 1932 to 1942. Tidal ranges are: Mean, 2.9 feet; irregular, 4.5 feet; and extreme, 10.7 feet. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, re- vised in 1955, is $572,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $76,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors, Committee Doc. 22, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published maps are in the project document. Local cooperation. Not required. Terminal facilities. On the Virginia Channel (Georgetown water- front) there are 10 wharves generally of the bulkhead type, of timber, stone, and concrete, privately owned. Railroad and crane service are available at a number of the wharves. On the Washington Channel there are 2 yacht basins with a total capacity for 198 yachts, under jurisdiction of the District of Columbia and 12 wharves of open-pile and bulkhead construction, all owned by the Federal Government, but most of which are leased to private parties or serve governmental agencies. On the Anacostia River there are about 23/4 miles of com- mercial waterfront on which are located 7 privately owned and 2 Governmental wharves, and 3,500 linear feet of bulkhead with slips for governmental agencies. In addition, there are numerous small stagings and floats used by yacht clubs for mooring small boats. Some of the wharves and slips have transfer and rail facilities. The wharves of the Washington Harbor are only open to the public by special arrangement, except for the District of Columbia fish wharves on the Washington Channel. Terminal facilities, except for those in the Washington Channel, are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The Tidal Basin gates were repaired and operated by hired labor throughout the year at a cost of $9,154. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 317 Maintenance dredging was performed by contract in Washington Channel from the Old Bay Line wharf to the junction of the channels at Hains Point and in the entrance to the Anacostia River from February 13 to June 30, 1956. A total of 290,800 cubic yards of material was dredged from the channel and deposited in a disposal area at Fox Ferry, Md., at a cost of $218,559. The cost of supervision and administration for the year was $459. Total costs for the year were $228,172 all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in April 1937 and was about 50 percent completed at the end of the fiscal year. The channels and basins in the Anacostia River are com- plete and those at the forks of the channel at Hains Point are partially complete. Except for dredging between the limits of 2,000 feet above and 3,000 feet below the Memorial Bridge, no new work has been done downstream of Key Bridge in Virginia Channel. The controlling depths in the channels throughout the harbor were as follows: Controlling Name of channel depth Date Potomac River, Virginia Channel from Giesboro Point to Key 114.6 feet-..... 4June 1956. Bridge. Washington Channel from Giesboro Point to Old Bay Line Wharf 24.0 feet....... June 1956. Washington Channel from Old Bay Line Wharf to head of channel__ 18.9 feet...... January 1955. Anacostia River from Giesboro Point to Anacostia Bridge.... 20.1 feet._.... 2---------2 February 1955. Anacostia River from Anacostia Bridge to Fifteenth Street S.E ..... 21.1 feet-.... October 1947. 1 For 200-foot width. 2For 400-foot width. 8 For 100-foot width. 4 Reconnaissance survey. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of: a. Removal of rock in Virginia Channel upstream of Memorial Bridge. b. Dredging in Virginia Channel from Giesboro Point upstream to a point 3,000 feet below Memorial Bridge. Total costs for the existing project were $1,228,556, of which $162,006 was for new work and $1,066,550 was for maintenance. This is exclusive of $4,000 for emergency dredging under provisions of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956, includ- ing fiscal years 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 priorto 1952 1 New work: Appropriated-........ ------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $3,191,007 Cost -------------------------------------------------- ----- ----........ 3,191,007 Maintenance: Appropriated-------....... $12,500 $25,900 $97,200 $11,188 $233,876 22,905,845 Cost---------------- 12,723 25,677 94,444 311,962 228,172 22,898,159 1 Includes $3,029,000 for new work and $1,831,609 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Exclusive of $4,000 for emergency dredging under provisions of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. 8Includes adjustment of prior years cost -$4, 474. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______________ $410, 000 318 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 2. POTOMAC RIVER, NORTH SIDE OF WASHINGTON CHANNEL, D.C. Location. The area covered by the project is the waterfront chan- nelward of Maine Avenue on the north side of Washington Channel extending upstream from Fort Lesley J. McNair (War College) at Maine Avenue and P Street a distance of approximately 5,123 feet to the foot of Fourteenth Street SW., in the District of Columbia. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 560.) Existing project. This provides for development of the commer- cial waterfront of Washington Channel by construction of (1) a yacht harbor in four sections on the upstream half of the section, with berthing space for about 286 boats; (2) two wharves for activi- ties of the District of Columbia; (3) three wharves for existing transportation lines and general service; (4) construction of bulk- head walls; and (5) removal of the old and dilapidated existing structures. The project further provides that during the construction period the District Engineer be given jurisdiction over the entire waterfront except the municipal fish wharf, and that the completed work as well as the maintenance and administration thereof should be under the Commissioners of the District of Columbia. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, revised in 1956, is $8,391,000, exclusive of $389,000 contributed by the District of Columbia to cover the cost of two wharves for District of Columbia activities. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of administering unimproved property owned under the project is $2,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 13, 73d Cong., 1st sess.). Detailed plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, September 24, 1945, provide for the following modifications in the items of con- struction: (1) A yacht harbor in three sections on the upstream half of the waterfront with berthing space for about 356 boats; (2) one wharf for the combined use of the police and fire departments of the District of Columbia; (3) three wharves for existing transportation lines and general service; (4) construction of bulkhead walls; and (5) removal of the old and dilapidated existing structures. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The entire waterfront is Government-owned and facilities are leased to individuals or serve governmental agencies. Two yacht basins to accomodate 198 yachts and small boats together with a public sales and service pier, a concrete pier 340 feet long and 100 feet wide for general commercial use and a concrete pier 340 feet long and 75 feet wide for use by excursion boats have been completed under the existing project. Of the 12 commercial piers only 5 can be classed as modern. The only wharves open to the public are those owned by the District of Columbia at the municipal fish market where daily rental rates are charged. The facilities are con- sidered inadequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Unimproved properties not required for construction were leased for private use at a cost for the year of $1,917, chargeable to maintenance. Supervision and ad- ministration was $94. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT -319 Total costs were $2,011, all Federal funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in April 1938 and was approximately 24 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of Yacht Basins Nos. 1 and 2 was completed in November 1940 and the basins were leased for com- mercial use and transferred to the District of Columbia for operation and maintenance on December 3, 1940. Commercial pier No. 5 was completed in December 1941, and was transferred to the District of Columbia for operation and maintenance on March 21, 1942. The excursion pier (pier 4) was completed in March 1951 and was trans- ferred to the District of Columbia for operation and maintenance on April 25, 1951. Plans and specifications for Yacht Basin No. 3 were 75 percent complete, and for piers No. 2 and No. 3, were 7 percent complete. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of construction of 2 yacht basins; construction of 2 piers for activities of the District of Columbia; construction of a pier for existing transportation lines and general service; completion of bulk- head walls; and completion of removal of existing structures. Total costs were $1,761,034, of which $1,744,692 was for new work and $16,342 was for maintenance. In addition $389,000 from con- tributed funds was expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------ -$3,276 -$89 1$1,744,692 Cost ----------------- 11,744,692 2,999-------.........-----------------------------------...... Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ 1,600 2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,015 16,342 Cost_----------------- 2,052 2,006 2,113 2,004 2,011 16,342 1 In addition $389,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds (see Annual Report for 1949). Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project______________ $6, 646, 300 3. POTOMAC RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES AT AND BELOW WASHINGTON, D. C., ELIMINATION OF WATER CHESTNUT Location. The water chestnut, botanically known as Trapa natans, is an annual fresh-water plant infesting the navigable portions of the Potomac River and its tributaries between Key Bridge in the Dis- trict of Columbia and Maryland Point, 48 miles downstream of Washington, D. C. Washington, D. C., is located 108 miles upstream of the mouth of the river. At the height of infestation in 1939, it covered about 10,000 acres of navigable waters between these limits. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 559 and 560.) Existing project. This provides a plan for complete eradication of the water chestnut from the Potomac River and its tributaries at and below Washington, D. C., by (1) 4 years of mechanical cutting in heavily infested areas with manual removal of scattered plants; (2) 3 years of intensive patrol and manual removal of scattered plants; 320 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 (3) 2 years of concentrated patrol during the growing season; (4) 6 years of patrolling the entire area every 2 years. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.1 feet at Maryland Point and 2.9 feet at Washington; irregular, 2 feet at Maryland Point and 4.5 feet at Washington; ex- treme, approximately 7.5 feet at Maryland Point and 10.7 feet at Washington. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government, made in 1947, was $142,000, which is the total of annual costs over a 15-year period, decreasing from $32,000 during the first year to $3,500 for the ninth year and an average of $1,000 for each of the 6 years thereafter. This is an average of $9,467 annually for the 15 years. If a longer period is required, the average annual cost for each subsequent year is estimated to be $1,000. The work is maintenance. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 113, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Operations and results during fiscal year. Removal of water chest- nut growth was in progress during July and August 1955 in the following areas: Washington Harbor, Potomac River at Alexandria, Va., Potomac River at Mt. Vernon, Va., Occoquan Creek, Va., and Potomac River below Washington, D. C., by Government plant and hired labor at a total cost for the year of $8,853 all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work on the elimination of water chestnut has been in progress since 1939 under allotments for main- tenance of five existing river and harbor projects. Prior to the adop- tion of this project and through the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950, a total of 25,000 acres of the growth has been cut and recut from the Potomac River and its tributaries between Washington, D. C. and Maryland Point. All infested areas have been cut at least once. Two years of mechanical cutting in heavily infested areas and manual removal of scattered plants as listed for accomplishment under the eradication schedule for the existing project have been completed under maintenance of other existing river and harbor projects prior to adoption of the eradication project. Prior to the adoption of the project and through the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950, maintenance funds in the amount of $310,187 were expended for removal of water chestnut. This amount includes $10,000 allotted under section 3, of the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1950, and $10,000 allotted under section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of October 17, 1940, to ten tributaries of the Potomac River, and the following maintenance funds from existing river and harbor projects in the affected area: Washington Harbor, D. C., $19,726; Potomac River at Alexandria, Va., $22,023; Potomac River below Washington, D. C., $200,937; Potomac River at Mt Vernon, Va., $18,202; and Occoquan Creek, Va., $29,300. In addition, a total of $101,162 contributed by the United States Public Health Service was expended. Total costs for the existing project were $108,051, all for mainte- nance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 321 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated -...... $27,000 $6,200 $26,000 $9,500 $8,851 $108,051 Cost---------------- 22,345 23,741 26,086 9,538 8,853 108,051 4. POTOMAC RIVER BELOW WASHINGTON, D. C. Location. The Potomac River is formed 21 miles below Cumber- land, Md., and flows southeasterly about 285 miles and enters Chesa- peake Bay, about 80 miles from the Atlantic Ocean. Washington, D. C., is located 108 miles upstream of the mouth, and the head of tidewater is at mile 117. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 557, 558, 559, and 560.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide between the mouth of the river and Giesboro Point at Washington; D. C., a distance of 108 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. Tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.3 feet at the mouth, 2.9 feet at Washington; irregular, 2 feet at the mouth, 4.5 feet at Washington; extreme, approximately 6 feet at the mouth, 10.7 feet at Washington. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the com- pleted project, was $153,836. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $41,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1899 (H. Doc. 33, 52d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1902, page 1038, and in House Document 859, Sixtieth Congress, first session. Terminal facilities. In general, the improvement is a main river channel, and terminal facilities are only served where the channel runs close to either bank of the river. In all, 13 wharves are thus served. These wharves are of open and solidfill construction and bulkhead type. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Goverment costs in connection with contact dredging during the prior fiscal year were $531 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in March 1900 and completed in June 1905. Controlling depths for the project width of 200 feet were as follows: Miles above Controlling Name of bar mouth depth (feet) Date Kettle Bottom-------------------------------------- 38 24.0 May 1952. Lower Smith Point-Maryland Point_ -----.- 68 26.0 June 1955. Upper Smith Point.--------------------------------- 71 26.6 Do. Mattawoman----- ----------------------------------- 83 22.7 *September 1955. Marshall Hall ...-------------------------------------- 95 22.7 *Do. Naval Magazine...................................------------------------------------. 107 25.9 August 1950. *Reconnaissance soundings. 322 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Total costs were $1,163,563, of which $153,836 was for new work and $1,009,727 was for maintenance, which includes $1,000 for each of the following tributaries: Little Wicomico River, Va., Herring Creek, Md.; Coan River, Va.; and $20,000 under allotments to tribu- taries for water chestnut eradication. In addition, a total of $101,162 of United States Public Health Service funds has been expended for removal of water chestnut. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------------------- ----------------------------------- $153,836 Cost . Cost-------- - ...... -. ........ .. . ......_ -'-'-"-: _ ------------------------------------------------------------ -..... 153,836 153,836 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ $8,000 $5,582 ------------ $118,400 -$2,869 1 1,009,727 Cost-----------------................ 6,439 7,143 ------------ 115,781 531 '1,009,727 1In addition, $101,162 of U. S. Public Health Service funds were expended for water chestnut eradication. 5. NEALE SOUND, MD. Location. Neale Sound is a tidal estuary of the Wicomico River, Charles County, Md., situated near the junction of the Potomac and Wicomico Rivers, 38 miles upstream of Chesapeake Bay, and 70 miles downstream from Washington, D. C. It is 11/2 miles in length and flows in a southeasterly direction parallel with the Potomac River, from which it is separated by Cobb Island and a marshy barrier shore which is breached in a number of places. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 558.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide through the lower entrance into Wicomico River and a sec- ond channel 6 feet deep at the upper entrance extending from deep water within the sound through the marshy barrier at the head of Cobb Island to deep water in the Potomac with widths of 60 feet within the sound and 80 feet elsewhere. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.9 feet; irregular, 2.5 feet; and extreme, approximately 7 feet. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the com- pleted project was $12,600, exclusive of $1,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 159, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except that local interests are to furnish, free of cost to the United States, releases from dam- ages and suitable spoil-disposal areas for future maintenance as required. Terminal facilities. Two wharves open to the public, 24 small privately owned wharves and stages and 1 small marine railway are located on the waterway. The facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 323 Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging was performed by contract in the upper entrance channel from March 7, 1956 to March 30, 1956. A total of 34,037 cubic yards of material was dredged from the channel and deposited on shore at a cost of $15,628. Total costs for the year were $15,628, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in January 1939 and completed in February 1939. The controlling depth in March 1956 was 6.2 feet in the entrance from the Potomac River and 7.6 feet in the entrance from the Wicomico River. Total cost for the existing project was $29,128 of which $12,600 was for new work and $16,528 was for maintenance. In addition, $1,000 contributed funds was expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...--------..----- ------------ ------------ ------------ ..------------ $12,600 Cost-. ________ _ ....------------------ 112,600 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........------------------------ ------------ $15,628 16,528 Cost ---------------------------------------- ----- --- 15,628 16,528 1In addition, $1,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 6. St. PATRICKS CREEK, MD. Location. St. Patricks Creek in St. Marys County, Md., is a small tidal stream 11/2 miles in length which flows in a southeasterly direc- tion and enters the west side of St. Clement Bay at its junction with the Potomac River. The creek is 33 miles upstream from the Chesa- peake Bay and 83 miles downstream from Washington, D. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 558.) Exising project. This provides for an entrance channel 7 feet deep, 60 feet wide and approximately 2,450 feet long from deep water in St. Clement Bay to deep water within the creek. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.9 feet; irregular, 2.5 feet; and extreme, approximately 7 feet. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the com- pleted project was $15,752, exclusive of $1,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,800. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 671, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The existing project was approved subject to the provisions that (a) local interests contribute $1,000 in cash to- ward the cost of new work; (b) hold and save the United States free from any damage resulting from construction and maintenance of the improvement; (c) furnish releases from damages to oyster grounds; (d) furnish free of cost to the United States suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as re- 324 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 quired; and (e) agree to provide a suitable public wharf with access road open to all on equal terms. Items (a) through (d) have been fully complied with. Local interests have initiated action to complete item (e). Terminal facilities. There are 41 small wharves and stagings located in the creek. All are privately owned, but 1 is open to the pub- lic. There is also 1 marine railway in the creek. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work dredging was performed by contract in the entrance channel from April 5, 1956, to April 17, 1956. A total of 40,482 cubic yards of material was dredged from the channel and deposited on shore at a cost of $15,752. Total cost for the year was $15,752, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started and completed in April 1956. The controlling depth in April 1956 was 7.2 feet. Total cost for the existing project was $15,752, for new work. In addition $1,000 contributed funds was expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------------ --------........................----------............ Appropriated--------........ ----........---... $17,800 $17,800 ------------------------------------------------ Cost......------... 15,752 115,752 1 In addition, $1,000 fornew work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_________ ------------------------------------------- $2,048 7. CHANNEL TO ISLAND CREEK, ST. GEORiGE ISLAND, MD. Location. Island Creek in St. Marys County, Md., is a tidal estuary three-fourths of a mile long, flowing in a southeasterly direction and entering the right bank of St. Marys River at its junction with the Potomac River, 11 miles upstream of the Chesapeake Bay and 97 miles downstream from Washington, D. C. It lies entirely within the lower half of St. George Island. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 557.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 5 feet deep, 50 feet wide, and 2,000 feet long from the St. Marys River through the entrance to Island Creek and a turning basin 5 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 500 feet long within the creek. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.5 feet; irregular, 2.5 feet; and extreme, approximately 7 feet. The cost to the Federal Government for new work, for the com- pleted project was $23,836. The latest (1938) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $800. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 99, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The existing project was approved subject to RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 325 the provisions that local interests (a) furnish free of cost to the United States, necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from dredging; and (c) agree to provide suitable terminal facilities which will be open to all on equal and reasonable terms and which will have adequate highway connection. Items (a) and (b) have been fully complied with. Local interests have initiated action to complete item (c). Terminal facilities. On Island Creek there are five small, private landings or stagings which are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work dredging was performed by contract in the entrance channel from April 22, 1956, to May 14, 1956. A total of 59,430 cubic yards of material was dredged from the channel and deposited on shore at a cost of $23,836. Total cost for the year was $23,836, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in April 1956 and completed in May 1956. The controlling depth in May 1956 was 6.4 feet in the entrance channel. Total cost for the existing project was $23,836, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated ................... ............ __....----- $28,000 $28,000 Cost -- --- 23,836 23,836 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------------ $4,164 8. LITTLE WICOMICO RIVER, VA. Location. Little Wicomico River is a tidal estuary 6 miles in length lying in Northumberland County, Va., flowing in a southeasterly direction to the Potomac River, which it enters on the right bank one-half mile upstream of its mouth and 1071 miles downstream from Washington, D. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 557). Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep, 150 feet wide, and 4,800 feet long, extending from deep water in Potomac River to deep water in Little Wicomico River, for two stone jetties extending to the 8-foot contour in Potomac River, and for bulkhead walls from the inner ends thereof extending sufficiently into Little Wicomico River to stabilize the dredged inner channel. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges in the Potomac River at the entrance are: Mean, 1.2 feet; irregular, 2.5 feet; and extreme, approximately 7 feet. The mean tidal range within the river is approximately 1 foot. The cost to the Federal Government for new work, for the com- 326 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 pleted project, was $81,885, exclusive of $5,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance it $5,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 24, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two wharves open to the public and numerous small wharves and stagings for private use, an oyster shucking and packing plant, and a marine railway and boatbuilding yard. These facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Repairs to the north and south stone jetties, initiated under contract during the previous fiscal year, were completed in July 1955. A total of 2,562 tons of riprap stone was placed on the jetties at a cost of $34,814. Total costs for the year were $34,814 all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in October 1936 and was completed in December 1937. The con- trolling depth in the entrance channel between the jetties in Sep- tember 1954 was 3.9 feet at mean low water for a width of 150 feet. The controlling depth within the creek in July 1945 was 7.9 feet for a width of 150 feet. Total costs under the existing project were $258,931 of which $81,885 was for new work and $177,046 was for maintenance. In addition, $5,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated------------------------------ ------ ------------ ------------ $81,885 Cost---------------- , - ----- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 81,885 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------------------ $12,000 $3,788 $64,000 -$382 177,047 Cost --------------- 10,586 5,202 28,803 34,814 177,046 1 In addition, $5,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 9. RAPPAHANNOCK RIVER, VA. Location. Rappahannock River rises in the Blue Ridge Mountains in Virginia, and flows southeasterly about 212 miles to enter Chesa- peake Bay, about 40 miles north of Old Point Comfort, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 534, 535, 536.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified in 1879. For further details see page 1793 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 433 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide between the mouth and Port Royal and 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide between Port Royal and Fredericksburg by dredging and the construction of 20,401 feet of crib and pile dikes and 1,906 feet of riprap stone dikes, being designed to retain the RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 327 excavated material deposited behind them. The length of waterway included in the project is 107 miles. The plan of reference is mean low water. Tidal ranges are: Mean, 2.8 feet at Fredericksburg, 1.6 feet at Tappahannock; irregular, 3.5 feet at Fredericksburg, 2.5 feet at Tappahannock; extreme, 6 feet at Fredericksburg, 5 feet at Tappahannock. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the com- pleted project was $217,487, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $37,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905 (Annual Report for 1906, pp. 1110-1113). The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1910, page 1364. Terminal facilities. In the section under improvement extending from Fredericksburg, Va., to Tappahannock, Va., a distance of 65 miles, there are 26 wharves, of which 9 are solid bulkhead type and 17 are open-pile structures. From Tappahannock to the mouth there are 15 open-pile wharves. Most of the wharves are open to the public. The terminals are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results duaring fiscal year. Repairs started in May 1956 on the wooden dikes downstream of Fredericksburg were in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The work is being accomplished by the United States derrick boat Benning. Cost for the year was $24,385, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in July 1908 and completed in April 1910. The controlling depth was 9.0 feet at Upper Spottswood Bar in September 1955. Total costs for the existing project were $1,482,063, of which $414,633 was for new work and $1,067,430 was for maintenance, which includes $995 for Parrotts Creek and $1,000 each for Greenvale, Mill, Beach, and Queens Creeks. In addition, $600 contributed funds was expended for maintenance on Queens Creek. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....-------------- --------- ------------------------- -------- ---- $414,633 Cost-------------------------------------- -------------------- ---------------- 414,633 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $1,600 $20,500 $37, 712 -$6,541 $26,275 21,182,820 Cost...----.......--------... -- 3,068 20,952 25,716 5,535 385 24, 21,180,930 1Includes $197,146 for new work and $113,500 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $600 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds on Queens Creek. 10. TOTUSKEY CREEK, VA. Location. Totuskey Creek, located in Richmond County, Va., flows in a southerly direction about 15 miles to the Rappahannock River, which it enters on the left bank about 35 miles upstream from its mouth. The creek is 97 miles northerly of Norfolk, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 535). 328 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. This provides for a channel 10 feet deep from that depth in the Rappahannock River to and including a turning basin below Totuskey Bridge, 4.5 miles upstream, with a width of 150 feet through the bar at the entrance and 100 feet thence upstream, suitably widened at bends, and the construction of a dike at Booker Bar. The plane of reference is mean low water The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.6 feet at the mouth and 2 feet at Totuskey Bridge; irregular, 2 feet at the mouth and 2.5 feet at Totuskey Bridge; and extreme, approximately 7.5 feet at the mouth. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, re- vised in 1956, is $168,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $6,000. The existing project was adopted by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 14, 1880 Dike construction at Booker Bar........---------------- Annual Report for 1880, vol. 1, p. 768. Aug. 30, 1935 Channel 8 feet deep and 150 feet wide at mouth, 80 H. Doc. 183, 72d Cong., 1st sess. feet wide upstream and repair of dike at Booker bar. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide at mouth and H. Doc. 686, 76th Cong., 3d sess. 100 feet wide upstream. (The latest published map is in H. Doc. 686.) Local cooperation. The requirements under the project prior to modification have been fully complied with. Modification of the project was approved subject to the provisions that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the im- provement, and contribute the sum of $1,000 toward the first cost. The sum of $1,000 has been contributed for modification of the project by local interests and it is expected that the other requirements will be met promptly. Terminal facilities. There are 2 county-owned wharves and 13 privately owned wharves or landings. Terminal facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing and future commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys were made, plans and specifications were prepared and bids were received for new work dredging during the year at a cost of $5,378, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project as modified in 1945 is about 25 percent complete. The project prior to modifica- tion was started in December 1936 and channels 150 feet wide within the creek and 8 feet deep throughout were completed in February 1937. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging to the increased depth and width as modified in 1945. The controlling depth in the entrance channel in September 1955, was 5.4 feet. Total cost for the existing project was $123,974 of which $43,026 was for new work, and $80,948 was for maintenance. In addition, $1,000 from contributed funds was expended for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 329 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: _ Appropriated------ ----- ------------------------ ------------ $138,700 $176,348 Cost--------------------------------------------------------5,378 143,026 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-------- $21,727 -$95 ------------- $350 -15 80,948 Cost---------------- 16,246 23,658----------- 335 .. .. 80,948 1 In addition, $1,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ________ 2 $22, 243 2 Exclusive of $1,000 contributed funds. 11. URBANNA CREEK, VA. Location. Urbanna Creek rises in Virginia and flows in an easterly direction about 15 miles to the Rappahannock River, which it enters about 15 miles above its mouth. The creek is 76 miles northerly of Norfolk, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 535.) Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel 150 feet wide and 10 feet deep from deep water in the Rappanhannock River to Burtons wharf, a distance of 4,675 feet, including a turning basin of the same depth approximately 400 feet wide and 1,575 feet long between the Standard Oil wharf and Burtons wharf, and for jetties to protect the channel through the outer bar. The jetties are 2,612 feet long-one of riprap, 1,895 feet long and one of timber 717 feet long. The plane reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.6 feet; irregular, 2.5 feet; and extreme, 7.8 feet. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, revised in 1955, was $56,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual costs of maintenance is $1,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and Reports Mar. 3, 1879 Channel 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide through bar at Annual report, 1875, pt. 2, p. 139. entrance. Extended to include removal of bar within harbor___ Annual Report, 1884, pt, 1, p. 158. 2 brush and oystershell dikes at entrances.. Annual Report, 1889, pt. 2, p. 1009. Jetty at upstream side of entrance- _....-...- --- Annual Report, 1897, pt. 2, p. 1335. Mar. 2, 1945 Extend turning basin at upper portion of project. H. Doc. 285, 76th Cong., 1st sess. (Contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Modification of the project in 1945 was ap- proved subject to the conditions that local interests furnish spoil- disposal areas as and when required and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the work and 330 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 subsequent maintenance. The conditions have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. This waterway has 11 improved wharves of open-pile construction, and a marine railway. There are several shore landings intermittently used by craft for embarking lumber, and there are several small wharves used for private purposes and of no commercial importance. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys were made, plans and specifications were prepared and a contract was awarded for new work dredging. The contract was 25 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Cost for the year was $3,137, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project prior to the 1945 modi- fication was started in October 1879 and was completed in January 1914. The jetties were completed in August 1913. The stone jetty is in good condition; the timber dike has been partially destroyed. A contract was awarded for dredging and completing the project as modified in 1945. The controlling depth in September 1955 was 8.2 feet at mean low water. The total cost for the existing project was $88,771, of which $41,949 was for new work and $46,822 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated....... .. ------------------------ ------------ ------------ $18,200 $57,012 Cost-------------- ------ ----------------------------------- 3,137 41,949 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------------------------------------------------------------ 46,822 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 46,822 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____-___________ ___________________ $2,564 12. WHITINGS CREEK, VA. Location. Whitings Creek lies entirely within Middlesex County, Va., and is a small tidal estuary 1.5 miles long flowing in a westerly direction and entering the right bank of the Rappahannock River about 13 miles upstream of its mouth at Chesapeake Bay. The creek is 73 miles northerly or Norfolk, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 534.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 4 feet deep, 70 feet wide and 3,100 feet long from the 4-foot contour in the Rappahannock River across the offshore bar into the creek. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.5 feet; irregular, 2 feet; and extreme approximately 7.8 feet. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the completed project was $22,124, exclusive of $500 to be expended from contributed funds. The latest (1939) approved estimate for the annual cost of maintenance is $1,200. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 331 The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 582, 76th Cong., 3d sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The existing project was approved subject to the provisions that local interests (a) hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improve- ment; (b) furnish spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subse- quent maintenance when and as required; (c) contribute $500 to- ward the first cost of the improvement; and (d) give assurances to- isfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will construct a suitable public wharf and improved approach road. Items (a) through (c) have been fully complied with. Local interests have initiated action to complete item (d). Terminal facilities. There are eight small privately owned wharves or landings on the creek which are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work dredging was performed by contract in the entrance channel from May 1956 to June 1956. A total of 53,588 cubic yards of material was dredged from the channel and deposited on shore at a cost of $22,124. Total cost for the year was $22,124, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in May 1956 and completed in June 1956. The controlling depth in June 1956 was 5.6 feet in the entrance channel. Total cost for the existing project was $22,124, for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 June 30, 1956 New work: $23,000 Appropriated........------------------------------------------------ 22,124 $23,000 Cost-----------------...... -----------------.---------------- _ --- '22,124 1 In addition, $500 for new work to be expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------- _ $804 13. MAINTENANCE, OPERATION, AND CAPITAL OUTLAY OF THE WASHINGTON AQUEDUCT Location. The diversion dam and raw-water supply intakes are located on the Potomac River at Great Falls 131/2 miles northwest of Washington, D. C.; the two collecting conduits, part of the Dalecarlia receiving reservoir, and the booster pumping plant that lifts the water from the forebay to the main body of the Dalecarlia reservoir are located in Maryland; and all other structures of the water supply system including part of the raw-water collecting system, the purifica- tion plants, pumping station, storage reservoirs, and transmission mains are located in the District of Columbia (See U. S. Geological quadrangle, Washington and Vicinity). The control of the water supply system is vested in the Chief of 332 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Engineers (See Acts of March 3, 1859, and March 2, 1867, and Sec. 1800 of Revised Statutes). Existing project. The existing project provides for (a) adminis- tration, operation, maintenance, and protection of the water- supply system facilities and reservations including collection, purification, pumping, transmission, storage facilities, and all Federal water mains and meters authorized by law, and (b) the planning and construction of increased supply facilities in ac- cordance with House Document 480, 79th Congress, 2d Session, dated August 15, 1945, as provided in Public Law 538, 81st Con- gress, Chapter 218, 2d Session, H. R. 8578, approved June 2, 1950, and as provided in Public Law 364, 83d Congress, 2d Session, Chapter 218, H. R. 8097, approved May 18, 1954. By act, Public Law 378, 64th Congress, approved March 3, 1917, the furnishing of water to adjacent Maryland areas from the District of Columbia water system was authorized by Congress; by act, Public Law 119, 69th Congress, approved April 14, 1926, the furnish- ing of water to Arlington County, Va., from the District of Columbia water system was authorized by Congress; and, by act, Public Law 118, 80th Congress, 1st Session, approved June 26, 1947, the furnishing of water to Falls Church or any other competent state or local authority in the Virginia metropolitan area, similarly, was authorized. A description of the District of Columbia water supply system and of previous capital-improvement and operation-and-maintenance projects is printed on pages 2206-2208 and 2218-2220 of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers, 1930; in an information pamphlet published June 1939 and revised December 1950; and in House Document 480, 79th Congress, 2d Session. Local cooperation. Prior to July 1, 1880, the expenses of the Washington aqueduct for construction, operation, and maintenance were paid wholly out of the revenues of the United States. From July 1, 1880, to June 30, 1882, the expenses of operation and mainte- nance were paid one-half by the United States and the other half out of the general revenues of the District of Columbia. From July 1, 1882, to June 30, 1898, one-half of construction costs were charged to a capital account on the books of the Treasury to be repaid by the District of Columbia from water rents with interest at 3 percent. From July 1, 1898, to June 30, 1916, the expenses of construction. operation, and maintenance were paid one-half from surplus general revenues of the District of Columbia and the other half from the United States Treasury. From July 1, 1916, to June 30, 1927, the expenses of construction were paid 60 percent out of the general revenues of the District of Columbia and 40 percent by the United States. From July 1, 1927, to date, all expenses for construction have been paid out of the water revenues of the District of Columbia. From July 1, 1916, to date, the expenses of operation and maintenance have been paid wholly out of the water revenues of the District of Columbia. From April 1953, to June 30, 1956, the sum of $4,200,000 was borrowed from the United States Treasury in installments, to finance the expansion and improvement of the District of Columbia water system as authorized by Public Law 533, 81st Congress, 2d RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 333 Session, approved June 2, 1950, and as amended by Public Law 364, 83d Congress, 2d Session, approved May 18, 1954. By Public Law 280, 66th Congress, 2d Session, approved June 10, 1920, the sum of $25,000 was appropriated wholly from United States revenues to prepare, among other things, a report to assure an in- creased and adequate water supply for the District of Columbia. The report submitted, known as the Tyler report, was the basis for the improvements constructed from 1922 to 1927. Included in the District of Columbia appropriation Acts of 1941 and 1942, approved June 12, 1940, and July 1, 1941, respectively, a total of $40,000 was appropriated from the water fund, District of Columbia, for the preparation of a report, "for the development of a plan to insure an adequate future water supply for the District of Columbia and metropolitan area." This report, published as House Document 480, 79th Congress, 2d Session, contains the comprehensive plan and program for the improvements and additions to the water system to insure an adequate water supply to the year 2000. Annually, since July 11, 1920, on a percentage basis and, since July 1, 1924, on a lump-sum basis, the United States has con- tributed to the support of the District of Columbia but, prior to July 1, 1947, no part of such annual percentage or lump-sum con- tribution has been allocated to the water fund, District of Columbia. Beginning with the fiscal year 1948 and continuing through June 30, 1954, pursuant to Public Law 195, 80th Congress, 1st Session, approved July 16, 1947, an annual amount of $1,000,000 was authorized for water consumed by the Federal Government. Public Law 364, 83d Congress, 2d Session, approved May 18, 1954, which is known as the "District of Columbia Public Works Act of 1954", provided for payment by the Government of the United States for all water and water services furnished, and increased the authority for borrowing. Public Law 533, 81st Congress, 2d Session, approved June 2, 1950, authorized the Secretary of the Treasury to lend with a limit of $23,000,000, to the Commissioners of the District of Columbia, such sums as may hereafter be appropriated to finance expansion and im- provement of the water system when sufficient funds therefor are not available from the District of Columbia Water Fund established by law (D. C. code 1940 edition, title 1943, ch. 15). The above public law was amended by Public Law 364, 83d Congress, 2d Session, ap- proved May 18, 1954, by striking the figures "23,000,000", and in- serting in lieu thereof the figures "35,000,000". Operations and results during the fiscal year. An uninterrupted and adequate supply of purified water was furnished to the District of Columbia; to Arlington County, Va., and Falls Church, Va.; and to Federal establishments in Arlington County, Va., and in Mont- gomery and Prince Georges County, Md. The total consumption for the year was 57,515,000,000 gallons; the maximum daily con- sumption was 253,060,000 gallons and the average daily consump- tion was 157,150,000 gallons. Based upon the estimated average number of consumers of 989,000 in the District of Columbia and 163,000 in Arlington County, the average per capita daily consump- 334 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 tion was 136 gallons. The average daily consumption in the District of Columbia alone was 139,130,000 gallons or an average per capita daily consumption of 141 gallons. The average daily amount of water furnished to Arlington County and Falls Church, Va., was 17,600,000 gallons or an average per capita daily consumption of 108 gallons. The gross cost of $489,430.16 for the supply of water furnished Virginia communities was reimbursed to the Water Fund, D.C. The average daily consumption of water in all Federal Government establishments including parks, zoological garden, etc., was 30,205,215 gallons. A total of 153,106,000 gallons or an average of 418,300 gallons per day was delivered to Maryland communities during the fiscal year 1956 by the Water Division, D. C., through connections to the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission's system. On June 23, 1952, fluoridation equipment was put in service and the application of sodium silicofluoride started and has been continued throughout fiscal year 1956. The average turbidity of the raw water from the Potomac River was reduced from 45 parts per million to 0.0 parts per million and the average bacterial content was reduced from 2,917 to 1.0 per milliliter. Analyses were made for coliform bacteria on 105,948 tubes of water taken from 129 sampling points in the collection, purification, and distribution systems. After sterlization of the filter effluent, the average most probable number of coliform bacteria per 100 milliliters was found to be 0.024 at Dalecarlia and 0.005 at the McMillan filter plant. The average calcium carbonate alkalinity of the filtered water was 60 parts per million and the average pH value was 7.7 from the Dalecarlia filter plant, and 56 and 7.6, respectively, from the Mc- Millan filter plant. The average hardness was 113 parts per million from Dalecarlia and 107 parts per million from McMillan. Fluorine content of 3,700 water samples was determined. In fiscal year 1956, the direct operating cost of water treated and delivered to the system per million gallons was $37.08 as compared with the cost of $35.79 per million gallons in fiscal year 1955. The overall cost of water delivered, including depreciation and interest, was $75.48 per million gallons as compared with $66.60 in fiscal year 1955. Accident prevention: Goverment Contractors Total Man-hours exposure -_ 620,051 560,804 1,180,855 Accidents__________ 4 14 18 Lost time (days) ---------------- 76 457 533 Frequency (accidents per million man-hours worked) __________ 6.45 24.96 15.24 Severity (days lost per 1,000 man-hours worked)___________ 0.12 0.81 0.45 Visitors. During the year there was a total of 970 persons con- ducted through the water treatment and pumping plants, and the bacteriological and chemical laboratories, of which 961 were engi- neering and science students, public school pupils and public officials, and 9 were foreign visitors. Control. All funds were expended in conformity with the legisla- RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 335 tive provision contained in the annual appropriation act which is as follows: Nothing herein shall be construed as affecting the superintendence and control of the Secretary of the Army over the Washington aqueduct, its rights, appurtenances, and fixtures connected with the same, and over ap- propriations and expenditures therefor as now provided by law. Condition at end of fiscal year. The intakes, conduits, reservoirs, filter plants, pumping stations, mechanical equipment, and structures were in good condition generally. For several years, however, the summertime demands upon the filtered water supply system have exceeded combined plant nominal capacity and operation has been in the overload category. During summertime maximum consumption demand periods, the basic raw-water supply was exceeded and standby raw-water pumping equipment had to be utilized. Construction work authorized with "no year" funds not previously reported as completed was as follows: Repair and rehabilitation of McMillan filter plant 100 percent; circulating facilities in 1st and 2d high service reservoirs 76 percent; Georgetown Castle gatehouse 100 percent; modification to provide quality control of filtered water 67 percent; Dalecarlia pumping station, intake, conduit, and control chamber 53 percent; conduit repairs (periodic) 100 percent; acquisition of supplementary land 78 percent; purchase and installation of Federal meters 97 percent; Little Falls pumping station dam, and tunnel 26 percent; utility re- locations and system interconnections 75 percent; hydro station im- provements 86 percent; 3d high service transmission main (part I, 100 percent-part II, 100 percent) ; and 3d high service reservoir at Reno (first half, 20 percent). The preparation of plans for capital outlay projects for increasing the water supply, not previously reported as completed, progressed as follows: Third high Service reservoir at Reno (first half, 100 percent) ; new chemical building and operating center at McMillan 75 percent; Great Falls intake structure 10 percent; Federal meters 97 percent; land acquisition 78 percent; conduit repairs (periodic) 100 percent. 336 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and FinancialSummary as of June 30, 1956 System costs. The total accrued expenditure costed during the fiscal year was $7,848,214.24, distributed as follows: 1. Operating expenses* Collecting system -------------------- $ 265,044.96 Purification system 1,224,496.75 Pumping system -- 557,737.55 Transmission system ---- 68,774.26 $ 2,116,053.52 2. Capital outlay Utility relocations 45,669.74 Miscellaneous betterment and replace- ments 22,026.53 Conduit repairs ----------------------- 33,491.69 Federal meters-_______ 71,020.99 Remodeling Georgetown Reservoir ------ 1,642.35 Modifications, quality control filtered water ------------------------------ 106.51 New sand washing machines ------------ 3,259.23 Great Falls intake structure------------- 34.11 Hydroelectric station improvements 22,235.00 Cathodic protection of flocculators ______ 7,129.80 Third high service transmission main 270,967.60 -- Dalecarlia pumping station project .---. 3,333,484.51 Six new filters ------------------------ _ 176.42 New McMillan chemical building and operating center --------------------- 51,357.41 Little Falls pumping station, dam, and tunnel ----------------------- 1,685,009.57 Third high reservoir, Reno--------- 194,152.71 'Dalecarlia filter and chemical builing____ 11,834.70 Advance planning --------------------- 56,448.80 Land purchases ------------------------ 4,759.76 5,814,807.43 3. Deferred accounts -------------------------------- --- 82,646.71 Total cost for fiscal year 1956__ --------------------- 7,848,214.24 *Operating Expenses, cost per million gallons, 37.08 Financialsummary. Net appropriations $86,909,609.61 Unexpended balance ___________$15,597,466.3 Net available ------ 15,597,466.30 Total costs ------- 71,312,143.31 Division of Costs Paid by Units District of District of United States Columbia Columbia Total general fund water fund Construction_ ---------------- $10, 965,377.11 $9,109,312.82 $20,386,296.71 $40,460,986.62 Maintenance_______ _________ 1,250,656.36 955, 473,18 28,518,956.58 30,725,086.12 Spring-water supply-...-...... 223,621.81 ------------------ 223,621.81 Deferred charges_______--------___-__._______.. -______ -- 97,551.26 -97,551.26 Total-__------. -__.--12,439,655.28 1 10,064,786.00 48,807,702.03 71,312,143.31 1 Includes such part of the annual lump-sum contribution by the United States to the District of Columbia that could be considered a direct federal expenditure. RIVEPRS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 337 Other new work data. On June 30, 1956, the unexpended balance was $15,597,466.30, and for fiscal year 1957 the total of new appropriations was $5,637,000.00, giving a total amount available of $21,234,466.30 to be applied as follows: Unliquidated obligations minus accounts receivable June 30, 1956 _--$___________ -__ 8,256,114.82 Total unobligated balance of expired fiscal year appropria- tions for fiscal years 1956, 1955, 1954- _____ 273,629.89 Operating expenses, Washington aqueduct, fiscal year 1957 (payable from water fund); For expenses necessary for the operation, maintenance, repair, and protection of Washington water-supply facilities and their accessories, and maintenance of MacArthur Boulevard; including re- placement and maintenance of water meters on Federal services; purchase of two passenger motor vehicles; and fluoridation of water. Provided, That transfer of appro- priations for operating expenses and captial outlay may be made between the Department of Sanitary Engineer- ing of the District of Columbia and the Washington aqueduct upon mutual agreement of the Commissioners and the Secretary of the Army _________ __---------__ 2,137,000.00 Capital outlay, Washington aqueduct, fiscal year 1957 (payable from the water fund) : For continuing construc- tion of Little Falls pumping station, dam, and rising tunnel; continuing construction of Dalecarlia filter and chemical building; beginning construction of flocculation- sedimentation basin at Dalecarlia; miscellaneous better- ments, replacements, engineering planning of water- supply facilities, including continuing raw-water conduit rehabilitation, utility relocations, and plant system re- arrangements and interconnections; Georgetown conduit metering installation; acquisition by gift, exchange, purchase, or condemnation of supplementary land; and for developing increased water supply for the District of Columbia and environs in accordance with House Docu- ment 480, 79th Congress, 2d Session; and necessary ex- penses incident thereto; including services as authorized by Sec. 15 of the Act of August 2, 1946 (5 U.S.C. 55a), but at rates for individual consultants not in excess of $150 per diem, to remain available until expended 3,500,000.00 For completion of capital outlay items authorized in prior fiscal years - --------------- 7,067,721.59 Total -- __________________ __ -- 21,234,466.30 14. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Date Cost during reconnaissance Name of project fiscal year or condition survey conducted 1. Potomac River below Washington, D. C.------------------------ $252 September 1955. 2. St. Jeromes Creek, Md.----------------------------------------- 216 Do. 3. Bransons Cove, Va.--- ----------------------------------------- 126 Do. 4. Broad Creek, Va.---------------------------------------------- 63 Do. 5. Cranes Creek, Va.---------------------------------------------- 63 Do. 6. Mulberry Creek, Va.------------------------------------------- 118 Do. 7. Rappahannock River, Va.------------------------------------ 840 Do. Supervision and administration---------------------------------- 84 Total cost during fiscal year-.---------------------- --......1,762 338 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated------------.. ------------------------------------ $1,762 $1,762 ------------------------------------------ Cost..........------------- 1,762 1,762 15. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual amount re- Report quired to for- New Work Maintenance complete 3 1. Accotink Creek, Va. 16 ._ _. 1878 $5,000 14$37,200 2. Anacostia River and Flats 16_____ ___ 1953 3 X1v, v, 910 VON .582 143,185,300 2 3. Aquia Creek, Va. __.____________________ 1928 5 52,465 $11,750 (1) 4. Bransons 2 Cove, Lower Machodoc Creek, Va. _.................................. 1950 15,755 (1) 5. Breton Bay, Md.:2 Active-.. ___..._---_--- _------- 1950 8 47,924 12,621 (1) Inactive_............... 2 ...... ...... 1950 1431,600 6. Broad Creek, Va. ............ ___ ___ .. ...... 1952 27,888 824 (1) 7. Carters Creek, Va.: 2 Active..... ............. ... ....-------- 1951 28,398 133,176 (1) Deferred_ ............... 2 _..........---- 1951 1423,600 8. Coan River, Va. 16_7__......___ - - - -- - - __...... - - - - - 1937 1481,000 9. Cockrell Creek, Va. ._________ 1949 15118,000 10. Colonial Beach, Va., 2 Shore Protection 6...... 1950 1551,000 11. Cranes Creek, Va. 2................ ........ 1950 6,274 (1) 12. Dymers Creek, Va.7_ ................. ...... 1953 5,582 (1) 13. Hellen Creek, Md. ......... . .... ...... 1950 15 12,000 14. Hoskins Creek, Va........................... 1955 12 44,100 48,861 2 (1) 15. Jackson Creek, Va. 2_..... .. .......... ..... 1950 8,500 491 (1) 16. Locklies Creek, Va. ..-----.-- 2 .---- - 1928 11,581 519 (1) 17. Lower Machodoc Creek, 2 Va. ......... _ 1904 9,916 600 (1) 18. M ilford Haven, 2Va. ._...._........___ ____ .. 1950 24,568 14,278 (1) 19. Mill Creek, Va. ........... .. _ _ 1937 5,445 (1) 20. Monroe Bay and Creek, Va.................. 1955 12,460 19,407 (1) 2 21. Mulberry Creek, Va. ...... ........... 1950 2,393 1,767 (1) 22. Neabsco Creek, Va. _16-___ _____ __- 1884 5,000 --- _._.._._. 14 127,000 23. Nomini Bay and Creek, Va.: 2 Active...... ......... . ....----- _ 1946 78,446 31,233 (1) Deferred- ... - __.....__.......... 1946 1421,500 2 24. Occoquan Creek, Va. 16_ _________- 1950 4 41,253 112,686 1422, 700 6 25. Parrotts Creek, Va. 7_....___..__________ (17) 1844,000 26. Patuxent River, Md.2 9 16 _ 2 1905 1014,000 1414,000 27. Potomac River at Alexandria, Va. ........ 1953 95,215 216,636 (1) 28. Potomac River at Lower Cedar Point, Md.3__ 1920 10,234 6,216 (1) 29. Potomac River at Mt. Vernon, Va.: 2 Active ....... ....... ........... .... 1950 17,000 51,486 (1) Inactive _________ ............. 1950 .......... _._. 1411,000 30. Rappahannock River at Bowlers Wharf, Va.? 1950 ------ i-----.- 18194,000 1830,400 31. St. Catherine Sound, Md.7-_ _ _ ____ 1949 -------------- 32. St. Jeromes Creek, 2 Md.2.......:............. 1951 1117,857 24,380 (1) 33. Smith Creek, Md. ___....__.. 2 __.:. _.. 1936 5,252 (1) 34. Upper Machodoc Creek, Va. .... _________ 1916 29,281 6,119 (1) 35. Snagging and clearing under authority of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act ap- proved March 2, 1945-................... 1949 3,000 1------------- 1 Completed. 2 Channels adequate for commerce. 3 No commerce reported. 4 Includes $25,000 for new work for previous projects. b Includes $31,065 for new work for previous projects. 6 Awaiting local cooperation. 7 No funds available. 8 Includes $37,500 for new work for previous projects. 9 Abandonment recommended in 1903 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 32, 61st Cong. 2d sess.). 10Includes $10,617 for new work for previous projects. 11In addition, there was a cost of $26,500 for new work for previous projects. , FLOOD CONTROL-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 339 12 In addition,$500 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 1aIn addition, $700 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. 14Estimated amounts required to complete were revised in 1954. 15Estimated amounts required to complete were revised in 1955. 18Inactive. 17 H. Doc. 46, 82d Congress, 1st Session approved September 3, 1954. 18 Estimated amounts required to complete were revised in 1956. 16. ANACOSTIA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, FLOOD PROTECTION AND NAVIGATION IMPROVEMENTS, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND MARYLAND Location. This project is located on the Anacostia River at the confluence of northeast and northwest branches at Bladensburg, Md., about 9 miles above the mouth at Washington, D. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart 560.) Existing project. The project provides for channel improvement of Anacostia River from the foot of Fifteenth Street SE. in the Dis- trict of Columbia, to the junction of northeast and northwest branches at Bladensburg, Md.; channel improvement in northeast branch from mouth upstream to near Longfellow Street in Riverdale, Md.; channel improvement in northwest branch from mouth upstream to near 38th Street in Brentwood, Md.; levees along both banks of the streams to protect Bladensburg, Edmonston, Riverdale, Cottage City, and Col- mar Manor, Md.; interior drainage facilities in these communities, including four pumping stations and the necessary intercepting sew- ers; and alterations and reconstruction of highway and railroad bridges. The portion of the channel improvement of Anacostia River from the vicinity of 15th Street SE. in the District of Columbia to near Defense Highway Bridge on U. S. Route 50, provides for a navigation channel 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide with a commercial boat basin, and a recreational boat basin having a capacity of 150 boats, both on the left bank of the river near Bladensurg, Md. The estimated Federal cost for construction, revised in 1956 is $5,610,000; the estimated cost to local interests for construction, lands and dam- ages is $5,500,000; a total of $11,110,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 202, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The existing project was approved subject to the conditions that local interests assume responsibility for furnishing all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction of the improvements and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, including in this responsibility the replacement of highway bridges and changes in streets, sewers, drainage works, and other utilities except for replacement of the railroad bridge; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction works; maintain and operate all the flood-control features of the project in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army and maintain project depths in the recreational boat basin and the commercial harbor; and provide and maintain without cost to the United States at both the commercial and recreational boat basins necessary mooring facilities including public landings with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. Local in- 340 REPORT OF THE CHIEF- OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 terests furnished assurances meeting in full the prescribed condi- tions of local cooperation. The assurances were approved by the Division Engineer, North Atlantic Division on June 28, 1954. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Construction, under a continuing contract, was continued on the channel and levees of the Northeast Branch. Cost for the year was $283,777. The relocation of tracks and signals on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge No. 1-A bypass was continued by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Com- pany under a reimbursable contract at a cost of $12,881 during the fiscal year. Construction, under a continuing contract, was continued on the relocated Baltimore and Ohio bridge 1-A at a cost for the year of $265,768. Construction, under a continuing contract, was continued on the Edmonston Pressure Conduit at a cost for the year of $194,077. Construction of the channel and levees of section 1 of the Anacostia River was initiated in September 1955 under a continu- ing contract at a cost for the year of $404,123. Construction of the disposal area for the channel of section 2 of the Anacostia River was initiated by the United States derrick boat Benning in October 1955 and completed in May 1956 at a cost for the year of $58,273. Con- struction of the channel of section 2 of the Anacostia River and the small boat basin was initiated in December 1955 under a continuing contract at a cost for the year of $167,803. Construction of the Bladensburg, Edmonston, and Colmar Manor pumping stations was initiated in January 1956 under a continuing contract at a cost for the year of $131,710. Construction of the channel and levees of the Northwest Branch and the Brentwood pumping station was initiated in April 1956 under a continuing contract at a cost for the year of $51,917. Design engineering was continued throughout the year by hired labor. Costs for the year were $134,257. Supervision and ad- ministration was $146,763. Costs for temporary construction facil- ities during the year were $1,016. Total costs for the year were $1,852,365, all Federal funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 48 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction under continuing contracts was in progress at the end of the fiscal year as follows: channel and levees, Northeast Branch, 57 percent com- plete; the Edmonston Pressure Conduit, 91 percent complete; relo- cation of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge No. 1-A, 84 percent complete; tracks and signals on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge bypass, 77 percent complete; channel and levees, section 1 of Anacostia River, 38 percent complete; disposal area for the chan- nel of section 2 of Anacostia River, 100 percent complete; channel of section 2 of Anacostia River and small boat basin, 42 percent complete; Bladensburg Edmonston and Colmar Manor pumping stations, 25 percent complete; and the channel and levees of the Northwest Branch and the Brentwood pumping station, 5 percent complete. Designs and construction plans for the project were ap- proximately 97 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $2,701,143, Federal funds, all for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT: 341 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- -_--- $25,000 $78,000 $175,000 $900,000 $2,750,000 $3,928,000 Cost- ------- - --- -- 9,326 98,592 151,650 589,211 1,852,365 2,701,143 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _-___________________________ _________ _ $1,682,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_------------------------------- 1,682,000 17. CUMBERLAND, MD., AND RIDGELEY, W. VA. Location. Cumberland, Md., and Ridgeley, W. Va., are located on the North Branch of the Potomac River, 21 miles upstream from its junction with the South Branch of the Potomac River and 197 miles upstream from Washington, D. C. (See U. S. Geological Sur- vey quadrangles, Frostburg and Flint Stone, Md., W. Va., and Pa.) Existing project. This project provides for channel improvements of North Branch of Potomac River from Western Maryland Railway bridge in South Cumberland upstream to the mouth of Wills Creek, with levees and fill along the left bank and levees along the right bank from the downstream corporate limits of Ridgeley, W. Va., to a point about 150 feet above Johnson Street Bridge; channel improve- ments along Wills Creek from its mouth upstream to a point in the Narrows about 500 feet upstream from highway bridge on U. S. Highway No. 40; levee and floodwall in West Cumberland, Md., on left bank of North Branch of Potomac River from mouth of Wills Creek upstream to Kelly Boulevard; levee and floodwall in Ridgeley, W. Va., on right bank of North Branch of Potomac River from Carpenter Avenue upstream to Patapsco Street near the upstream corporate limits of Ridgeley, W. Va.; interior drainage facilities in Cumberland and West Cumberland, Md., and Ridgeley, W. Va.; removal of Chesapeake and Ohio Canal dam and construction of a new industrial dam on North Branch of Potomac River immediately above mouth of Wills Creek; and alteration and reconstruction of highway and railroad bridges. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, revised in 1956, is $14,700,000, exclusive of $1,384,200 to be con- tributed by local interests, and $49,998, Emergency Relief funds. The estimated total cost to local interests is $2,780,000. The existing project was authorized by the following flood control acts: 342 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 22, 1936 Levees, retaining walls, a movable dam, and chan- H. Doc. 101, 73d Cong., 1st sess. nel clearing for Cumberland, West Cumberland and South Cumberland, Md., and Ridgeley, W. Va. July 24, 1946 Levees, walls, channel improvement, removal of Report on file in the Office of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal dam and construction Chief of Engineers. of new industrial dam. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation with the proj- ect plan have been received. A total of $2,780,000 will be the cost to local interests of which $1,384,200 will be in cash towards construc- tion and the balance will be for lands.required for construction of the project and damages incurred. Funds, lands, and rights-of-way are being furnished as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction, under continuing contract, was continued on the channel and levees of sec- tion 1 of the Potomac River and the Ridgeley floodwall. Costs for the year were $537,585, of which $408,691 was Federal funds and $128,894 was contributed funds. A contractor's claim in the amount of $1,671, all Federal funds, was paid for completed work on section 1 of the Wills Creek channel improvement. Work on the channels of sections 2 and 3 of Wills Creek and the Viaduct pumping station was started in November 1955 under a continuing contract. Costs for the year were $270,066, of which $267,311 was Federal funds and $2,755 was contributed funds. Work on the channel of section 4 of Wills Creek and the Western Maryland Railway bridge was started in April 1956 under a continuing contract. Only minor work was accomplished and no costs were incurred. Work on the Mill Race and Ridgeley pumping stations was started in June 1956 under a continuing contract. Only minor work was accomplished and no costs were incurred. Design engineering was continued throughout the year by hired labor at a cost for the year of $141,380 of which $129,680 was Federal funds and $11,700 was contributed funds. In addition, an architect-engineer was engaged to design the Western Maryland Railway bridge at a cost of $34,000. Supervision and administration was $105,202, of which $92,270 was Federal funds and $12,932 was contributed funds. The costs for land acquisition during the year were $40,117, and costs for the year in connection with lands and damages by hired labor were $37,915, all Federal funds. Total costs for the fiscal year for new work were $1,167,936, of which $1,011,655 was Federal funds and $156,281 was contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 48 percent completed at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the first unit of the project, consisting of four pressure conduits and con- necting sewers, started in March 1949, was completed in November 1949. Construction of the second and final unit of interior drainage pressure conduits and sewers, started in November 1949 under a continuing contract, was completed in December 1951. Construction of section 1 of the Wills Creek channel improvements, started in April 1952 under a continuing contract, was completed in May 1954. FLOOD CONTROL--WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 343 Construction of the Industrial Dam, started in April 1953 under a continuing contract, was completed in June 1954. Construction of the West Cumberland floodwall, started in June 1954 under a con- tinuing contract, was completed in December 1954. Construction of channels and levees in section 1 of the Potomac River and the Ridgeley floodwall was started under a continuing contract in May 1955 and was 57 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Con- struction of the channels of section 2 and 3 of Wills Creek and the Viaduct pumping station was started under a continuing contract in November 1955 and was 13 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the channel of section 4 of Wills Creek and the Western Maryland Railway bridge was started under a continuing contract in April 1956. Only minor work was accomplished during the fiscal year. Construction of the Mill Race and Ridgeley pumping stations was started under a continuing contract in June 1956. Only minor work was accomplished during the fiscal year. Designs and construction plans for the project were approximately 93 percent completed at the end of the fiscal year. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $7,998,862 of which $7,100,796 was Federal funds, $848,068 con- tributed funds, and $49,998 emergency relief funds, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........ $946,000 $1,144,000 $950,000 $500,000 $1,400,000 $7,789,170 Cost --.....------- - 565,142 1,082,882 1,630,728 488,296 1,011,655 27,150,794 1Includes $49,998 expended from emergency relief funds. 2 In addition, $848,068 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------ -------------------- $3, 400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_---------- 3, 400, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ___- 3, 560, 828 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-........ -$17,648 $251,000 - 2 $181,308 $479,000 $1,343,660 Cost_ - - 59,660 42,684 $228,885 30,558 156,281 848,068 1 Refund of contributed funds $70,000. 2 Refund of contributed funds $2,692. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_______ _______ _________ $76, 561 344 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 18. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 4 - -- -- - 1. Harpers Ferry, W. 4Va.- - - - - - ____ - -- - - -- - - 1937 -------------- --------- 2$485,000 2, Moorefield, W. Va. 6 1941 7,928 2366,000 3. Salem Church Reservoir, Va. - --------- - 1954 144,785 .........----------. 45,855,200 4. Savage River Dam, Md-____..... 1954 7 2,271,939 (8) 5. Washington D. C. and vicinity_ --..--.-.-- 1953 331,927 -------------- 1,488,000 6. Waynesb ro, Va.-..---------------- 1950 -------------------------- 13,310,000 7. Emergency flood-control work under au- thority of the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941.....---------------------____ 1950-6 56, 274 - .----------- 8. Snagging and clearing under authority of section 2 of Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, as amended- -___-- ___ 1950 -------------- 18,418----------- 9. Emergency flood-control works under au- thority of the Flood Control Act approved June 23, 1947 ---------------- 1953 -------- 31,163 ........... 10. Small flood-control projects under authority of section 205 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, as amended ....-------- 1953 _----- 136,500 ----------- 11. Emergency flood-control work under au- thority of section 208 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948-.............. - I 1953 ----------- 105,813 ..----- , Cost revised in 1955. 2 Cost revised in 1954. 8 Cost revised in 1956. 4 Recommended for abandonment in Survey Report on Potomac River dated April 30, 1944, published as House Document 622, 79th Congress, 2d session. 6 Inactive. 6 Deferred. 7 Includes $200,000 expended from contributed funds. 8 Completed. 19. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Approved regulations for operation and maintenance of flood- control works, Part 208 of Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, provide for semiannual inspection by the District Engineers of com- pleted projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. During the fiscal year 1956 the following inspections of completed flood-control works have been made. Savage River Dam, Md. An allotment of $1,000 was made during the year for scheduling of flood-control reservoir operations at Savage River Dam. Operations during the year consisted of in- spections of the operations and hydrologic network, inspections to determine compliance with regulations for maintenance of structures and equipment, at a cost of $816. All structures inspected were found to be in good condition. Cavitation which was discovered in an 18- inch bypass valve in the previous year continued, and the valve was replaced by local interests. Washington, D. C., and Vicinity. The levee systems in Potomac Park, which were constructed as part of the Washington, D.C., and Vicinity project, were inspected during the year. All project features were found to be in good condition. No costs were incurred for this work. FLOOD CONTROL--WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 345 Cost and finansial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: __ Appropriated ........ .... _._ .... .. .. $2,550 $1,300 $1,000 $4,850 -.... Cost_--.. ......... -. - -_.2,520 1,309 816 4,644 20. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood-control projects under authority of section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act. Inspections were made to determine the condition of earth levees and appurtenances constructed under au- thority of Section 212 of the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, in the town of Bridgewater, Va., at the junction of North River and Dry River, which have previously been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. It was found that maintenance of the structures has been good. No costs were incurred for the inspections. Emergency flood-control work under authority of section 208 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. Inspections were made to determine the condition of farm levees constructed under authority of section 208 of the Food Control Act of June 30, 1948 on the South Branch of the Potomac River and tributaries in West Virginia at 32 localities in Grant, Hardy, Hampshire, and Pendle- ton Counties from Romney to Franklin and including Moorefield and Petersburg. In general, it was found that maintenance of structures has been good. Three levees were found to have been damaged during the hurricane storm of August 11, 1955. Local interests were informed of the damages, and assurances have been received that repairs will be made. No costs were incurred for these inspections. Flood-control emergency activities-Repair and flood fighting and rescue work. (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legis- lation.) Costs incurred for flood-fighting activities during the flood emergencies resulting from the storms of August 11, 1955, and August 17, 1955, were $3,784. Costs for post flood reports were $12,- 530. Supervision and administration was $816. Total costs for the year were $17,130. Advance preparation for flood emergencies. Costs incurred for the preparation and revision of the flood-emergency manual during the fiscal year were $1,791. Supervision and administration was $90. Total costs for the year were $1,881. The additional sum of $3,950 is needed to be appropriated for the fiscal year 1957 for the following work: annual revision of the flood- emergency manual, $1,600; preparation of a manual for disaster operating procedures, $1,950; and conducting of flood-emergency exercise, $400. 346 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary EMERGENCY FLOOD-CONTROL ACTIVITIES Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: . Appropriated---- ---------------------------------- $4,746 $17,313 $22,059 4,746 17,130 Cost ---------------......------------------.......------------ 21,876 ADVANCE PREPARATION FOR FLOOD EMERGENCIES Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: ---------------------............ Appropriated--------........ ............ ........... $5,100 $1,850 $6,950 Cost----------...... ------------------------------------ 5,053 1,881 6,934 21. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost for general investigations during the fiscal year was $126,673. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, $9,981, will be applied during the fiscal year 1957 for continuing the preparation of survey reports on the Potomac River Basin, D. C., Md., Va., W. Va., and Pa., the Reclamation and Development of the Anacostia River and Flats, D. C., and the hurricane study authorized under Public Law 71, and continuing work on Civil Works Investiga- tions. An anticipated allotment of $119,000 will be expended during the fiscal year 1957 for the following work: Continuing the preparation of a survey report on the Potomac River Basin, D. C., Md., Va., W. Va., and Pa., $54,000; completing the survey report on the Reclama- tion and Development of the Anacostia River and Flats, D. C., $15,000; continuing the preparation of a hurricane study, $35,000; and continuing work on Civil Works Investigations, $15,000. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT This district comprises a small portion of southeastern West Vir- ginia, central and eastern Virginia, and a portion of northern North Carolina embraced in the west shore drainage basins tributary to the southern part of Chesapeake Bay south of the watershed line between the northerly arm of Winter Harbor and Garden Creek, Va., and the eastern shore drainage basins south of and including Onancock River, Va.; the drainage tributary to the Atlantic Ocean from White Creek and Gargathy Inlet, inclusive, to the Virginia-North Carolina State line; the Roanoke River Basin above Weldon, N. C.; the Meherrin River Basin above Murfreesboro, N. C.; and the Chowan River Basin above the confluence of the Nottoway and Blackwater Rivers, Va. It also includes the Virginia portion of the Intracoastal Waterways between Norfolk, Va., and Beaufort Inlet, N. C., and the portion of the waterway from Norfolk to the sounds of North Carolina north of Albemarle Sound. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Alteration of Bridges Page Page 1. Quinby Creek, Va- 347 13. Norfolk - Portsmouth Belt 2. Oyster Channel, Va_ 349 Line Railroad bridge across 3. Winter Harbor, Va- 351 the Southern Branch of the 4. Davis Creek, Va______ _____ 352 Elizabeth River, Norfolk 5. James River, Va_____ 354 Harbor, Va_ 372 6. Deep Creek, Va _ 357 7. Newport News Creek, Va..- 360 Flood Control 8. Norfolk Harbor, Va________ 361 14. Roanoke River Basin, Va. and 9. Hampton Roads and the Har- N. C- 374 bors of Norfolk and Newport 15. John H. Kerr Reservoir, Ro- News, Va.-Collection and anoke River Basin, Va. and removal of drift 366 N. C_ 376 10. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- 16. Philpott Reservoir, Roanoke way between Norfolk, Va. River Basin, Va_ 377 and the St. Johns River, 17. Other authorized flood-control Fla. (Norfolk District) ... 367 projects_ 379 11. Navigation projects on which reconnaissance and condi- Shore Protection tion surveys only were con- 18. Virginia Beach, Va 379 ducted during the fiscal year 370 General Investigations - 12. Other authorized navigation 19. Examinations and surveys___ 380 projects_ 371 20. Research and development -_ 381 1. QUINBY CREEK, VA. Location. This creek is a natural channel on the Atlantic Ocean side of the Delmarva Peninsula about 32 miles north of Cape Charles and about 33 miles south of Chincoteague, Va. The Creek extends in a generally southeasterly direction between Quinby Landing at Quinby, Va., and the head of Tony Rock Drain, in Upshur Bay, a distance of 6,900 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1221.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water and 80 feet wide from that depth in Upshur Bay to a point 347 348 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 600 feet bayward from Quinby Landing, thence 60 feet wide to Quinby Landing, a total distance of about 6,900 feet, and a turning and mooring basin of the same depth, 200 feet wide and 400 feet long opposite the public terminal and landing. The mean range of lunar tides is 4.4 feet with variations caused by storms of from 2 feet below to 12 feet above mean low water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $104,176. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $6,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 241, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Local interests are re- quired to furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for subsequent main- tenance. Terminal facilities. There are 2 open-pile wooden wharves and about 125 feet of wooden bulkhead at Quinby, Va., which are pri- vately owned. In addition, a number of berthing spaces, a wooden dock and a launching ramp have been constructed which are open to all on equal terms. These facilities are connected to the State High- way system by a suitable access road and are considered adequate for existing and reasonably prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work dredging, by contract, in the turning basin and channel to project dimensions, was commenced January 31, 1956, and continued to February 27, 1956, when the work was completed. There were removed 172,980 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $56,240, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in three increments. Initial construction, to partial width and depth, was commenced in May 1952 and completed in July 1952. Construc- tion of the turning basin to partial depth was commenced in Septem- ber 1954 and completed in November 1954. The final increment, to full project dimensions, was commenced in January 1956 and com- pleted in February 1956. The controlling depth, as determined in February 1956, was 8 feet at mean low water. The head of navigation for boat traffic is Quinby Landing at Quin- by, Va. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $107,- 007, of which $104,176 was for new work and $2,831 for mainte- nance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 349 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_------- $23,276----------------------- $25,000 $55,900 $104,176 Cost----------------- 19,465 $3,811------------ 24,660 56,240 104,176 Maintenance: Appropriated.-------- -----...........--- ... ..------------ 2, 831 2,831 Cost ---------------------------------------------- 2,831 ....... .2,831 2. OYSTER CHANNEL, VA. Location. Oyster Channel is located on the lower eastern side of the Delmarva Peninsula which separates Chesapeake Bay from the Atlantic Ocean. It is about 11 miles north of Cape Charles and about 57 miles south along the Atlantic coast from the Virginia-Maryland State line. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1222.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 6 feet deep at mean low water and 80 feet wide from that depth in Liscombes Channel to the village of Oyster, Va., and the enlargement of the turning basin to the same depth and to about 8 acres in area. The mean range of tide is about 4.4 feet. Greater fluctuations in water level are caused by prolonged high winds along this section of the Atlantic Coast. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $141,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $7,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Har- bor Acts. Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 6 feet deep from Liscombes Channel to H. Doc. 716, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Oyster including a turning basin of same depth 200 feet long and 125 feet wide. 1 Sept. 3, 1954 Existing project dimensions .....-------------------- S. Doc. 49, 83d Cong., 1st sess. 1Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The requirements imposed by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, have been complied with. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, imposed the con- ditions that local interests agree to (a) furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction of the project and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) provide for public use the parcel of land between the limits of the existing public wharf and State Highway No. 639, now owned by the county of Northampton, and an additional 400 feet of public wharf, with public access road and sufficient land for handling equipment; (c) remove, free of cost to the United States, all wrecks, piles, and other structures within the proposed dredging limits; (d) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project, including such damages as may occur to public or leased shellfish grounds; and (e) establish a competent and properly con- 350 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 stituted public body empowered to regulate the use; growth, and de- velopment of the harbor facilities, which facilities shall be open to all on equal terms. These conditions have not been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are five privately owned timber wharves and one publicly owned wooden bulkhead with a total wharfage space of about 1,100 feet along the waterfront at Oyster, Va. There is also a marine railway which will accommodate vessels up to 50 feet in length. The facilities have highway connection with the county and State systems. With the construction of the additional public wharf, these facilities are considered adequate for existing and prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredging, by contract, in the channel and turning basin was commenced Jan- uary 24, 1956, and continued to March 1, 1956, when the work was completed. There were removed 28,460 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work for the fiscal year was $22,877, all for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 38 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the project to a depth of 6 feet at mean low water over a width of 60 feet and a turning basin of the same depth was commenced in January 1948 and completed in May 1948. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Controlling depths, 80 percent of project width, Name of channel 40 percent on either side of Date determined center line (feet) -------------------------------- Channel .......... .. 6.0 March 1956. Turning basin-------------------------- 6.0 Do. The head of navigation for boat traffic is the head of the project. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging a channel 6 feet deep at mean low water and 80 feet wide from that depth in Liscombes Channel to the village of Oyster, Va., and enlargement of the turning basin to the same depth and about 8 acres in area. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $84,413 of which $54,600 was for new work and $29,813 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated-------- ------------ --------------------------------- -------------- $54,600 Costanc Maintenance: ---------------------------------------------------------- .... 54,600 54,600 ----- Appropriated------ I -----.------------ ------------ ------------ $22,877 29,813 Cost ----- ------------------------------------------------- 22,877 29,813 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ____ -- ____ ____ _ $86, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 351 3. WINTER HARBOR, VA. Location. This harbor is a tidal estuary located in Mathews County, Va. entering Chesapeake Bay on its western shore 42 miles north of Norfolk, Va., and 4.9 miles north of New Point Comfort. (See U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 494.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide extending from that depth in Chesapeake Bay to the vicinity of the public landing, a distance of about 7,600 feet, and a mooring and turning basin of the same depth and 400 feet square, with flared approach, at the inner end of the channel. The mean range of lunar tides is 2 feet with estimated variations, induced by storms, from 2 feet below to 8.5 feet above mean low water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $187,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $27,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 319, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 in adopting the existing project, imposed the conditions that local interests contribute $5,000 in cash toward the cost of the dredging and agree to (a) furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvements, when and as required; (b) construct and maintain a suitable bulkhead or wharf for use as a public landing, adjacent to the proposed basin with adequate adjoining shore area and access road, open to all on equal terms; and (c) hold and save the United States free from all damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements including such damage as may occur to oyster and clam beds. These conditions of local cooperation have been met and approved on November 23, 1955. Terminal facilities. There are three privately owned wooden wharves on Winter Harbor and its branches which handle the bulk of the commerce on the project and are open to all on equal terms. There are also 22 small private wooden foot wharves and numerous shore landings. With the construction of the addi- tional 'bulkhead and public landing, these facilities are considered adequate for existing and reasonably prospective commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work dredging, by contract, in the channel and turning basin was commenced May 13, 1956, and continued to the end of the fiscal year. The work was approximately 96 percent complete. There were removed 313,760 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $123,738, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 96 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the entrance channel and a portion of the turning basin to project dimensions was commenced in May 1956 and continued to 352 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the end of the year. The controlling depths at mean low water, are as follows: Controlling depths, 80 percent of project width, Name of channel 40 percent on either side of Date determined center line (feet) Channel_ -------..------.--.----------- 12.0 June 1956. Turning basin_-.---. ...----..---- -1.5 --- August-Septembeer 1955. The head of navigation for boat traffic of more than 2 feet in draft is the junction of the three branches that form the upper reaches of the harbor. Navigation is practicable througout the year. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of dredging the mooring and turning basin to a depth of 12 feet at mean low water, 400 feet square, with flared approaches. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $123,738, all for new work. In addition, there were costs of $5,000 of contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $150,000 $150,000 Cost--------..... ....-----------.----------------------- ------------ 123,738 123,738 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- $5, 769 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ 37, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------- ------------------- 42,569 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS 4. DAVIS CREEK, VA. Location. This creek is a tidal estuary located in Mathews County, Va., entering the north side of Mobjack Bay 21/4 miles northwest of New Point Comfort and 40 miles north of Norfolk, Va. The creek is made up of three branches, each approximately one-half mile long, which converge just inside the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 494.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 353 Existing Project. This provides for a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and 80 feet wide extending from that depth in Mobjack Bay into the western branch of Davis Creek, a distance of about 4,130 feet, and an anchorage and turning basin of the same depth, 165 to 230 feet wide and 720 feet long at the upper end of the channel. The mean range of lunar tides is 2.5 feet with estimated variations, induced by storms, from 2 feet below to 8.5 feet above mean low water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $104,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $8,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 309, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 in adopting the existing project, imposed the condition that local interests contribute $4,000 in cash toward the cost of the dredging and agree to (a) furnish, without cost to United States, all lands, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for construction and main- tenance of the improvement, when and as required; (b) construct and maintain at local expense a public wharf with an adequate shore area adjacent thereto and an access road, open to all on equal terms; and (c) hold and save the United States free from all damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvement including such damage as may occur to oyster and clam beds. These conditions of local cooperation have been met and approved on March 15, 1956. Terminal facilities. There are eight privately owned small narrow wharves of wooden construction and one shore landing on Davis Creek. The shore landing is public and open to all on equal terms. With the construction of the wharf required of local interests, these facilities will be considered adequate for existing and reasonably prospective commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work dredging, by contract, in the channel and turning basin was commenced May 29, 1956, and continued to June 20, 1956, when the work was completed. There were removed 202,520 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work for the fiscal year was $97,389, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- plete at the end of the fiscal year except for survey and office work. Construction of the entrance channel and the turning basin to project dimensions was commenced in May 1956 and com- pleted in June 1956. The controlling depths at mean low water, are as follows: Controlling depths, 80 percent of project width, Name of channel 40 percent on either side of Date determined center line (feet) Channel----- ------------------------ ---- 10 June 1956. Turning basin----------- ---- 10 Do. 354 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The head of navigation for boat traffic is the head of the turning basin. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of survey and office work. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $97,389, all for new work. In addition, there were costs of $4,000 of contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated....... -----------...............---------------------------------- $104,000 $104,000 Cost--------- ------------ --------------------------------- 97,389 97,389 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ - $6, 611 - Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---------------------------------------- 6,611 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ _-------- ---- ------------ ------------ ------------ $4,000 $4,000 Cost-------- - ----------- ------------------------------------ 4,000 4,000 5. JAMES RIVER, VA. Location. This river is formed by the junction of the Cowpas- ture and Jackson Rivers in Botetourt County, Va., flows easterly 340 miles, and empties into Hampton Roads at Newport News, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 529, 530, and 531.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870. For further details see page 1797 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 461 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the mouth to Hopewell, 69.2 miles; thence 25 feet deep and 200 feet wide, following the cutoff route between Hopewell and the Richmond deepwater terminal, 17.2 miles; thence a channel 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the deep- water terminal to the Richmond Lock, 4.4 miles, and the removal of the obstruction in Richmond Harbor known as Trigg coffer- dam; for a turning basin 200 feet wide, 600 feet long and 18 feet deep in Richmond Harbor; and for maintenance of the turning basin at Richmond Deepwater Terminal to a depth of 25 feet. Depths of channels are referred to mean low water. The total length of channel included in the project is 90.8 miles, which is RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 355 the navigable section. The mean tidal ranges under ordinary conditions for different parts of the river are as follows: Mouth, 2.6 feet; Jamestown, 2.0 feet; City Point, 2.6 feet; Richmond, 3.5 feet. Following are the spring tide ranges under ordinary conditions at the same localities: Mouth, 3.1 feet; Jamestown, 2.4 feet; City Point, 3.0 feet; Richmond, 4.0 feet. The ordinary fluctuations of stage at Richmond, due to floods, are 6 to 12 feet above mean low water. The extreme fluctuations are 16 to 32 feet. The flood heights below Richmond diminish rapidly, the extreme, according to available information, being about 11 feet lower at Dutch Gap, 14 miles below, and 17 to 18 feet lower 20 miles below. The cost for new work, for the completed project was $6,796,240, exclusive of the amount expended on previous proj- ects. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $334,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 5, 1884 Channel 22 feet deep from mouth to Richmond and S. Ex. Doc. 147, 47th Cong., 1st construction of spur and training dikes. sess. June 13, 1902 Extension of improvement to Richmond lock gate_-- Mar. 3, 1905 Forming a turning basin by widening channel at .H. Doc. 234, 56th Cong., 1st sess. Richmond. July 3, 1930 Existing project dimensions --------------------H. Doc. 314, 71st Cong., 2d sess.' Aug. 26, 1937 Removal of the Trigg cofferdam ............---------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 68, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' Mar. 2, 1945 Turning basin in Richmond Harbor__ -------------- _ H. Doc. 738, 77th Cong., 2d sess.' May 17, 1950 Maintenance of turning basin at Richmond Deep- H. Doc. 191, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' water terminal. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The river's commerce at Richmond is handled at the city-owned terminals, city wharf, and Richmond dock, and at 13 privately owned wharves located within or in the immediate vicinity of Richmond Harbor. The Richmond Deep- water Terminal at the head of the 25-foot depth serves ocean- going vessels and the larger ships engaged in coastwide trade. Below the deepwater terminal the improvement is served by 42 wharves. The Richmond terminals and wharves, together with the wharves between Richmond and the river's mouth, are ade- quate for the river's commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, between Richmond Deepwater Terminal and Hopewell was commenced July 16, 1955, and continued to Novem- ber 5, 1955, when the work was completed. There were removed 329,984 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $181,637. Maintenance dredging, by contract, in Richmond Harbor and at Richmond Deepwater Terminal was commenced August 16, 1955, and continued to October 14, 1955, when the work was com- pleted. There were removed 267,841 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $103,053. Maintenance dredging, by contract, in Dancing-Swann Point 356 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Shoal Channel, Jordan Point-Harrison Bar-Windmill Point Shoal Channel, and Goose Hill Channel was commenced during the fiscal year. Dredging Dancing-Swann Point Shoal Channel was com- menced April 23, 1956, and continued to June 3, 1956, when the work was completed. There were removed 707,040 cubic yards of material, place measurement. Maintenance dredging in Goose Hill Channel was commenced June 4, 1956, and continued to June 11, 1956, when the work was completed. There were removed 113,120 cubic yards of material, place measurement. Mainte- nance dredging in Jordan Point-Harrison Bar-Windmill Point Shoal Channel was commenced June 12, 1956, and continued to the end of the fiscal year. There were removed 168,788 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $265,196. Maintenance clearing of bend at Jones Neck Cutoff of trees and obstructions, by contract, was commenced March 20, 1956, and continued to May 7, 1956, when the work was completed. The cost of the work was $6,272. Maintenance condition and operation studies, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $46,970. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $603,128, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in 1884 and continued intermittently through the various modifications of the project to November 1947, when the work was completed. Construction of the 25-foot channel between Hopewell, Va., and the mouth was commenced in January 1931 and completed in March 1932. Construction of the cutoffs between Hopewell, Va., and Richmond, Va., was com- menced in February 1933 and completed in October 1937. The remainder of the channel between Hopewell and Richmond was completed in October 1938 with the exception of rock removal at Falling Creek and between Richmond Deepwater Terminal and Richmond which was accomplished between April and November 1947. Construction of the turning basin in Richmond Harbor was commenced in October 1947 and completed in November 1947. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 357 Controlling depths Mid- Name of channel Left channel Right Date determined outside for half outside quarter project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) Mouth to Hopewell: Rocklanding Shoal Channel....-------------------- 25.0 25.0 25.0 May 1954. Tribell Shoal Channel------------------------ 24,6 25.0 24.7 November 1955. Goose Hill Channel_ -------------------------- 24.7 25.0 24.6 June 1956. Dancing Point-Swann Point Channel---------- 23.7 24.0 23.5 Do. Weyanoke Point Channel- --------------------- 25.0 25.0 25.0 March 1955. Jordon Point-Harrison Bar-Windmill Point 22.2 22.0 21.7 December 1955. Channel. City Point Channel-------------------------- 25.0 25.0 25.0 January 1955. Hopewell to Richmond Deepwater Terminal--....--. 25.0 25.0 25.0 November 1955. Richmond Deepwater Terminal to Buxton Line dock. 16.4 17.6 18.0 March 1950. Buxton Line dock to a point 200 feet downstream 18.0 18.0 18.0 September 1955. from Richmond lock. A point 200 feet downstream from Richmond lock to ---------- 18.0----------. Do. the lock. The head of navigation for boat traffic is at Richmond, Va. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $12,046,812, of which $6,796,240 was for new work, representing $6,212,404 from regular funds and $583,836 from public works funds, and $5,250,572, for maintenance, including $838 applied to the removal of shoals in Bennetts Creek, Va., under the provisions of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved October 17, 1940. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------------------- -. $7,559,240 Cost------ -----------------------------------------------------------7,559,240 Maintenance: Appropriated. ------- $248,500 $136,142 $385,000 $155,009 $343,182 5,282,794 Cost ---------------- 403,182 170,755 167,038 282,267 603,128 5,250,572 1 Includes $763,000 fornew work forprevious projects. 6. DEEP CREEK, VA. Location. This creek is a tidal estuary of James River, lying wholly in the City of Warwick, Va. It is about 3 miles in length, flows in a southeasterly direction, and empties into James River on its northerly side about 10.5 miles upstream from the city of Newport News, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 529.) Existing project. This provides for an approach channel 8 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide extending from the 8- foot depth contour in James River to a point where the natural creek entrance to Deep Creek is constricted, a distance of 9;040 feet; thence 8 feet deep and 60 feet wide through the constricted entrance, a distance of 700 feet; the enlargment of the harbor 358 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 in Deep Creek opposite Menchville, Va., extending upstream to a point near Parkers Landing and to the foot of Maxwells Lane, from 6.4 acres to about 20 acres with depth of 8 feet, 400 to 740 feet wide and 1,940 feet long. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 3 feet. The extremes of irregular fluctuations referred to mean low water due to the combined effect of wind and tides are -2 feet and +9.6 feet. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $216,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 6 feet deep from James River to Hicks H. Doc. 76, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Landing with widths of 80 feet and 50 feet; a turn- ing basin 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide and 105 feet long; an anchorage basin 6 feet deep and 6.4 acres in area; and a timber jetty 800 feet long on the north side of the anchorage. June 30, 1948 Existing project dimensions and elimination of tim- H. Doec. 601, 80th Cong., 2d sess. her jetty. (contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The conditions of local cooperation imposed by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937, were fully com- plied with and approved by the Chief of Engineers November 21, 1938. The River and Harbor Act of July 1948, in adopting the existing project, imposed the conditions that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and mainte- nance of the improvement; (c) provide, maintain and operate, without cost to the United States, adequate terminal and mooring facilities within the harbor, including access roads, open to all on equal and reasonable terms; and (d) release the United States from all claims for such damages as might occur to public or leased oyster bottoms that may be affected by the construction and maintenance of the project. These conditions of local co- operation have been met and approved on January 24, 1956. Terminal facilities. There are four privately owned piers and one public county pier of wooden construction at Menchville, Va. One pier is used for pleasure craft only. The remainder are commercial. There is also a shore landing for the receipt of sand and gravel. The wharves have no rail connections, but are served by State highways. The existing facilities are considered adequate for present commerce, but should be enlarged to provide for increased commerce anticipated upon completion of the exist- ing project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance and new work dredging was performed during the fiscal year under the same contract. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 359 Maintenance dredging by contract on the 6-foot project was commenced March 28, 1956, and continued to April 21, 1956, when the work was completed. There were removed 27,750 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $18,538. New work dredging, by contract, on the 8-foot project was commenced March 28, 1956, and continued to April 21, 1956, when the work was suspended to perform other more urgent work. The contract is approximately 62 percent complete. There were removed 186,279 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $109,193. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $127,731, of which $109,193 was for new work and $18,538 for maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 62 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the project to a depth of 6 feet at mean low water over widths of 50 to 80 feet was commenced in March 1939 and completed in May 1939. Construction of the channel and harbor to project dimensions was commenced in March 1956 and was 57 percent complete at the end of the year. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: (Dredging is in progress.) Controlling depths Mid- Name of channel Left channel Right Date determined outside for half outside quarter project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) Entrance channel._... _7.7 Channel at mouth.............................------------------- 7.7 7.6 7.8 7.7 7.7 M--y--------- May 1950. Do. Lower harbor . ------------------------------------- 8.0 7.0 7.8 Do. Upper harbor...----.--- ------------------------- .8 +. 6 .2 April 1947. The head of navigation for boat traffic is Parkers Landing at the head of the project. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of dredging an approach channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide extending from the 8-foot contour in James River- to a point where the natural creek entrance to Deep Creek is constricted, a distance of 9,040 feet; thence 8 feet deep and 60 feet wide through the constricted entrance, a distance of 700 feet; the enlargement of the harbor in Deep Creek opposite Menchville, Va., extending upstream to a point near Parkers Landing and to the foot of Maxwells Lane, from 6.4 acres to about 20 acres, 400 to 740 feet wide and 1,940 feet long. Depths are referred to mean low water. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $210,547, of which $134,831 was for new work and $75,716 for maintenance. 360 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated... ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ......... $190,000 $215,637 Cost--------- ---------------------------...............------------------ 109,194 134,831 Maintenance: Appropriated........----------------------------------------------- 18,538 75,716 Cost .------------------------------------------------------- 18,538 75,716 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____-- $15, 051 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_------------ 15, 051 7. NEWPORT NEWS CREEK, VA. Location. Newport News Creek, Va., is located on the south- eastern end of the peninsula between the James and York Rivers and within the corporate limits of the city of Newport News. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 400 and 1222.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water with widths varying from 200 to 60 feet from deepwater in Hampton Roads to and through the municipal boat harbor entrance, thence 12 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feed wide to and including a turning basin and anchorage of the same depth 220 feet wide and 400 feet long in the upper end of the harbor. The mean tidal range is 2.6 feet and the extreme 3.1 feet. The extremes of irregular fluctuations due to combined wind and tides referred to mean low water, are --2 feet and ±9.5 feet. The cost for new work, for the completed project was $135,600. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $7,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 559, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with as to initial construc- tion. Local interests are required to simultaneously dredge cer- tain areas adjacent to the project during periods of future main- tenance. Terminal facilities. There are 4,210 linear feet of steel and wood bulkhead, and 2 marine railways, which can accommodate vessels up to 85 feet in length, on Newport News Creek. The city of Newport News maintains 400 feet of bulkhead open to the public without charge and operates a pleasure boat marina with 18 finger piers at which a nominal wharfage fee is charged. The remaining facilities are privately owned or are leased by the city to private firms. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, at the mouth of the creek was commenced July 9, 1955, and continued to July 11, 1955, when the work was com- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 361 pleted. There were removed 4,269 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work for the fiscal year was $10,607, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in January 1948, and completed in April 1948. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Controlling depths Mid- Name of channel - Left channel Right Date determined outside for half outside quarter project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) Entrance channel .........................-------------------------------.. 10.9 12.0 12.0 October 1955. Newport News Creek .---------------------------- 10.6 11.7 11.4 Do. Turning basin ---------------------------------- 2.6 7.7 10.7 Do. The head of navigation for boat traffic is the upstream end of the turning basin at the head of the project. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $152,270, of which $135,600 was for new work and $16,670 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------- ----------- ----------------------------------- $135,600 Cost_-------- ------------------------------------------------------ 135,600 Maintenance: Appropriated.--------.------------. $1,500 -$317 $12,900 -$2,167 16,670 Cost------------------------ --- 1,183 .------------ 126 10,607 16,670 8. NORFOLK HARBOR, VA. Location. Norfolk, Va., is 187 miles south of Baltimore, Md., and 30 miles from the entrance to Chesapeake Bay at Cape Charles and Cape Henry. The harbor extends from the 40-foot contour in Hampton Roads to a point 2,500 feet above the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge over the Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River, a distance of 17.3 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 400 and 452). Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 14, 1876; July 5, 1884; modified June 30, 1885; and by River and Harbor Acts of September 19, 1890; June 3, 1896; July 7, 1898; June 13, 1902; March 3, 1905; and March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1795 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 454 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a main channel 40 feet deep, 1,500 feet wide from that depth in Hampton Roads to a point just south of the Hampton Roads Sub-port of Embarkation piers; thence at the same depth 750 feet wide to the mouth of 362 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River, and 450 feet wide up this branch to the Belt Line Railroad bridge, a distance of 14 miles, including an approach and turning area to the same depth of a maximum width of 830 feet opposite the Norfolk Naval Shipyard, extending downstream 3,250 feet from the Belt Line Railroad bridge; thence 35 feet deep, 375 feet wide and 1 mile long to the Virginian Railway bridge; thence 35 feet deep, 250 feet wide, and 3.1 miles long to a point 1,900 feet above the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge, with adequate widening of the channel at the bends, a turning basin 35 feet deep and 600 feet by 600 feet at the upstream end, making a total distance of 18.3 miles; a chan- nel in the Eastern Branch, 25 feet deep, 500 feet wide, and 1.09 miles long from the 40-foot channel at the mouth to the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge; thence 25 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and 0.55 mile long, to the Campostella Bridge; thence 25 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 1.2 miles long to the Virginian Railway bridge; and for maintenance at a depth of 25 feet of the existing turning basin approximately 51/ acres in extent at the head of the exist- ing project just below the Virginian Railway bridge; a channel in the Western Branch, between the 40-foot channel at the mouth and a point about 3,000 feet above the West Norfolk Highway bridge, a distance of about 1.72 miles; 24 feet deep, 300 feet wide, 0.78 mile, and 200 feet wide, 0.37 mile to the bridge; thence 18 feet deep, 150 feet wide, 0.57 mile; a channel in Scotts Creek be- tween the 40-foot channel at the mouth and a point 100 feet above the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad bridge (about 0.73 mile up- stream), 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide; anchorage areas on the west side of the 40-foot channel opposite Lambert Point and south of Craney Island aggregating 173 acres, consisting of: One anchorage space 1,500 feet square and 38 feet deep; one anchorage space 1,500 feet square and 35 feet deep; and one anchorage 1,000 feet wide, 3,000 feet long, and 20 feet deep; and another anchorage of 45 acres, 12 feet deep, near Pinner Point; and a trapezoidal- shaped disposal area of about 2,500 acres of flats adjacent to and north of Craney Island, enclosed by stone-faced levees, three sluiceways in the westerly levee, an access road, facilities for sump rehandling of hopper dredged material consisting of an anchorage for the sump rehandler, 100 feet by 600 feet, 21 feet deep, with approach area 300 feet by 3,600 feet, 30 feet deep con- necting the anchorage with Norfolk Harbor 40-foot channel, and a discharge line for the sump rehandler consisting of shore pipe, a submerged pipeline with home pontoon and floating landing, and facilities for contract rehandling of bucket dredging con- sisting of a rehandling basin 1,000 feet by 1,000 feet, 46 feet deep, protected by a spur levee extending 2,350 feet from the main levee and provided with approach-exit channels 200 feet wide by 18 feet deep to Norfolk Harbor 40-foot channel and a pipeline trestle from the rehandling basin to the leveed area. All depths are referred to mean low water. The mean tidal range is 2.7 feet and the extreme 3 feet. The extremes of irregular fluctuations, due to combined effect of tides and wind, referred to mean low water, are -- 2 feet and +-9.62 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 363 The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $19,502,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,550,000. The Eastern Branch, 30-foot channel portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $43,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents HAMPTON ROADS AND ELIZABETH RIVER Mar. 2, 1907 A channel 30 feet deep to the navy yard_............ H. Doc. 381, 59th Cong., 1st sess. June 25, 1910 Depth of 35 feet to the navy yard____----- H. Doc. 551, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 Depth of 40 feet and width of 750 feet to the mouth H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. of the Southern Branch. 1 Sept. 3, 1954 Widening the 40-foot channel to 1,500 feet from the S. Doc. 122, 83d Cong., 2d sess. 40-foot contour in Hampton Roads to a point just south of the Hampton Roads Sub-port of Em- barkation piers. SOUTHERN BRANCH June 25, 1910 For a channel with depths of 22 and 25 feet .......-- H. Doc. 551, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 Depth of 40 feet and width of 450 feet from the mouth H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. to the Belt Line RR. bridge. Mar. 3, 1925 Channel 30 feet deep and 375 feet wide to the Vir- H. Doc. 226, 68th Cong., 1st sess. ginian Ry. bridge, thence 25 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide to the Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge. Aug. 30,1935 2 Depth of 25 feet and width of 200 feet from the Nor- H. Doc. 182, 73d Cong., 2d sess. fold & Western Ry. bridge to a point 2,400 feet above, with a turning basin 500 feet square. June 30, 1948 Approach and turning area 40 feet deep and a maxi- H. Doc. 545, 80th Cong., 2d sess.1 mum width of 830 feet opposite Norfolk Naval Shipyard, thence a channel 35 feet deep and 375 and 250 feet wide to a point 1,900 feet above the Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge and a turning basin 35 feet deep and 600 feet by 600 feet at the upstream end. EASTERN BRANCH July 5, 1884 Improvement of the Eastern Branch _ Annual Report 1885, p. 1015. ___------------ Mar. 2, 1907 Width of 500 feet and depths of 25 feet and 22 feet-.... H. Doc. 373, 59th Cong., 1st sess. Do ___... Removal of shoals at the mouth-.... Specified in act. Mar. 3, 1925 Depth of 25 feet and width of 200 feet from the Nor- H. Doc. 226, 68th Cong., 1st sess. folk & Western Ry. bridge to the Virginian Ry. bridge. July 3, 1930 The 30-foot channel to a point opposite the terminal H. Doc. 37, 71st Cong., 1st sess. of the Imperial Tobacco Co. in Berkley.3 Mar. 2, 1945 Depth of 25 feet and width of 300 feet from the Norfolk H. Doc. 224, 76th Cong., 1st sess. & Western Ry. bridge to the Campostella bridge. WESTERN BRANCH Mar. 4, 1913 Channel with depth of 24 feet and widths of 300 and H. Doc. 566, 62d Cong., 2d sess. 200 feet to the West Norfolk highway bridge. 1 July 3, 1930 For the 18-foot channel to a point about 3,000 feet H. Doc. 265. 70th Cong., 1st sess. above the West Norfolk highway bridge. SCOTTS CREEK Do-......... For the existing project dimensions_.--------------- H. Doc. 189, 70th Cong., 1st sess. ANCHORAGES June 25, 1910 A 30-foot anchorage at Lambert Point----........------ H. Doc. 551, 61st Cong., 2d sess. 1 Aug. 8, 1917 A 12-foot anchorage at Pinner Point----- -------- H. Doc. 605, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 3, 1954 An anchorage 38 feet deep and 1,500 feet square; an S. Doc. 122, 83d Cong., 2d sess.l anchorage 35 feet deep and 1,500 feet square; and an anchorage 20 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide, and 3,000 feet long. DISPOSAL AREA 1 July 24, 1946 A trapezoidal-shaped area of about 2,500 acres of flats H. Doc. 563, 79th Cong., 2d sess. adjacent to and north of Craney Island, including levees, sluiceways, rehandling basins, and approach and exit areas. 364 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1 2 Contains latest published maps. E Included in Emergency Relief Administration]program May 28, 1935. 3 Inactive. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, in adopting the modification for construction of anchorages on the west side of the 40-foot channel and south of Craney Island consisting of 1 anchorage space 38 feet deep and 1,500 feet square; 1 anchorage space 35 feet deep and 1,500 feet square; and 1 anchorage space 20 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide, and 3,000 feet long imposed the condition that the Commonwealth of Virginia ,agrees by suitable legislation, to extinguish for the useful life of the project all oyster rights, both public and private, in the oyster bottoms in the vicinity, comprising approximately 282 acres. This condition has not been complied with. All prior requirements and conditions imposed by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1935, October 17, 1940, July 24, 1946, and June 30, 1948, have been complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities within the limits of this improvement include about 227 wharves, piers, etc., with an aggregate length available for wharf age purposes of about 32 miles. It is considered that the facilities are adequate for the present commerce of the port. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work construc- tion of Craney Island disposal area, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was continued throughout the year. Construc- tion of an additional section of access road was completed during the year. The sand levee with rock riprap was approximately 75 percent complete at the end of the year. A contract for furnish- ing steel pipe for discharge line for sump rehandler was com- menced in March 1956. A contract for mooring dolphins, range markers, and installation of submerged discharge line for sump rehandler was awarded in June 1956. A contract for furnishing steel bearing piles for the mooring dolphins was awarded in June 1956. The cost of the work was $1,642,944. Maintenance dredging with the U. S. hopper dredge Essayons, in the 40-foot channel between Lamberts Point and the naval base, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was continued to August 1, 1955, when the work was interrupted to perform work for the Navy at the naval base. Work was resumed September 1, 1955, and continued to October 9, 1955, when the work was completed. There were removed 997,681 cubic yards of material, credited place measurement. The cost of the work was $387,839. Maintenance condition surveys and maintenance of dredging ranges, with Government plant and hired labor, was accomplished during the year at a cost of $52,954. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $2,083,737, of which $1,642,944 was for new work and $440,793 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 56 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the 40-foot channel from Hampton Roads to the Belt Line Rail- road bridge was commenced in July 1917 and continued inter- mittently to May 1931, when the work was completed. Con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT' 365 struction of the Southern Branch 35-foot channel was commenced in May 1950 and completed in March 1951, except for dredging at the Norfolk-Portsmouth Belt Line Bridge. Construction of the Eastern Branch 25-foot channel was commenced in February 1928 and completed in June 1928. A modification to widen a por- tion of this channel was commenced in August 1948 and com- pleted in September 1950. Construction of the Western Branch 24-foot channel was completed in 1914. Construction of the Western Branch 18-foot channel was commenced in April 1931 and completed in May 1931. Construction of Scotts Creek was commenced in September 1931 and completed in December 1931. Construction of Pinner Point anchorage was completed in 1939. Construction of the Craney Island disposal area was commenced in July 1954. The sand levee with rock riprap is about 75 percent complete. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Controlling depths Mid- Name of channel Left channel Right Date determined outside for half outside quarter project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) 40-foot channel: Hampton Roads to junction of branches ....---------.. 35.7 38.3 35.0 March-April 1956. Junction of branches to Belt Line RR. bridge.._ 34.3 39.3 34.6 August 1954. Southern Branch, Belt Line RR. bridge to point 31.9 33.5 32.8 June 1955. 2,500 feet above Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge. Eastern Branch: Junction of branches to Norfolk & Western Ry. 25.0 25.0 25.0 May 1951. bridge. Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge to Virginian Ry. 24.5 24.2 24.4 Do. bridge. Western Branch: Mouth to West Norfolk highway bridge_ _______ 13.9 15.7 16.6 January 1949. West Norfolk highway bridge to point 3,000 feet 18.0 18.0 18.0 Do. upstream. Scotts Creek-----_ ------------------------------ 6.9 7.4 7.9 December 1948. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of widening the 40-foot channel from Hampton Roads to a point just south of the Hampton Roads Sub-port of Embarkation piers; the construction of the 38-foot, the 35-foot, and the 20-foot anchorages on the west side of the 40-foot channel and south of Craney Island; completion of construction of a trapezoidal-shaped disposal area of about 2,500 acres on the flats adjacent to and north of Craney Island, including levees, sluiceways, rehandling basins, approach and exit areas, etc.; and dredging at the Norfolk- Portsmouth Belt Line Bridge when the present structure is re- placed by a new bridge under the Truman-Hobbs Act. Depths are referred to mean low water. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $18,333,930, of which $10,918,544 was regular funds and $49,978, emergency relief funds, a total of $10,968,522 for new work; and $7,365,408 regular funds for maintenance. In addition there were costs of $23,936 of contributed funds for new work. 366 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 195612 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$131,835 $35, 000 $682,000 $2,000,000 $1,579,999 $14,674,835 Cost----------------- 4,324 11,200 113,273 1,384,973 1,642,944 13,530,226 Maintenance: ........ Appropriated------- 344,553 127,244 113,000 208,705 438,500 7,438,625 Cost---------------- 311,006 174,395 82,750 242,007 440,794 7,437,447 1Includes $2, 561,704 for new work and $72,039 for maintenance for previous projects. z In addition $23,936 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_----- $10,550 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1957 _______ 1940000 -------------------------------------------- - 1,904, Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1, 914, 550 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ----------------------- 5, 484, 869 9. HAMPTON ROADS AND THE HARBORS OF NORFOLK AND NEWPORT NEWS, VA.-COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF DRIFT Location. Hampton Roads is a natural harbor located 300 miles south of New York and 180 miles south of Washington, D. C. Its principal tributaries are the James River, affording a natural deep harbor at Newport News, Va.; the Elizabeth River, with its Southern, Eastern, and Western Branches, providing har- bors for Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va.; and Hampton Creek serv- ing the harbor at Hampton, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 400 and 452.) Existing project. This provides for the collection and removal of drift in Hampton Roads and its tributary waters and author- izes the Secretary of the Army to allot such amounts as may be necessary for the work from appropriations for the maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works or from other available appropriations, and that this work shall be carried on as a separate and distinct project. It is wholly a work of maintenance. The purpose of the work is to afford relief from variable conditions of obstruction, and no advance estimate of the amount of work required and its proper cost can be made. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, as specified in the act. Terminal facilities. For a description of the terminal facilities on this project see this heading under "Norfolk Harbor" and "Channel to Newport News, Va." Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance opera- tions, consisting of collection and removal of drift material in the harbors of Norfolk and Newport News, Va., and their tribu- taries, with Government plant and hired labor, were carried on during the year at a cost of $19,014. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is one of continuous maintenance for which no percentage of completion exists. Operations under the existing project were commenced RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 367 July 1, 1950. Costs for the removal of drift previous to that time were carried under the project "Norfolk Harbor, Va." The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $104,893, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $15,000 $11,684 $20,000 $20,000 $19,000 $105,684 Cost__-----17,169 13,196 17,496 23,503 19,014 104,893 10. ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (NORFOLK DISTRICT) Location. The improvement described herein consists of two inland water routes approximately paralleling the Atlantic coast south of Norfolk, Va., and located (1) between a point in the Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, Va., 2,500 feet above the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge and the Virginia-North Caro- lina State line in North Landing River, a distance of 27.2 miles, and (2) between the mouth of Deep Creek, Va., and the mouth of Pasquotank River, N. C., a distance of 64.6 miles. These routes are shown on United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 452, 1227, 829, and 830. Previous projects. Partial projects were adopted by River and Harbors Acts of March 3, 1873, June 18, 1878, March 3, 1879, June 14, 1880, March 3, 1881, and September 19, 1890. For further details see page 497, Annual Report for 1932, and page 476, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 90 feet to 250 feet wide following the Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, 5.2 miles, the Virginia Land Cut, 8.3 miles, and North Landing River, 13.7 miles; and the construction of a tidal guard lock at Great Bridge, Va. It also pro- vides for channels 10 feet deep at mean low water and 80 feet to 100 feet wide in Deep Creek, 3.1 miles, Turners Cut, 4.3 miles, and Pasquotank River, 35.1 miles; maintaining Dismal Swamp Canal, 22.1 miles, to a depth of about 9 feet mean canal level over a width of 50 feet; the protection of banks in Turners Cut with sheet piling, and cutting certain sharp points in Pasquotank River to shorten its course. 368 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Data relative to the completed locks included in the project Depth on Dimensions miter sills Miles Great- Year from est Character of opened Actual Nor- Location Width length foundation to cost folk, of avail- Lift Upper Lower navi- Va. cham- able (feet) (feet) (feet) gation ber for full (feet) width (feet) 12.4 Albemarle and 75 600 2.7 (1) (1) Piles in sand 1932 $499,913.00 Chesapeake Canal and shells. (Great Bridge, Va.) 10.7 Dismal Swamp Ca- 52 300 12 12 12 Natural earth 1940 348,878.83 nal (Deep Creek, with cutoff Va.) walls. 33.1 Dismal Swamp Ca- 52 300 12 12 13 -- _do----------........... 1941 372,556.40 nal (South Mills, N. C.). 1 16 feet at mean low water. The Southern Branch of Elizabeth River and the Deep Creek sections of the two routes are tidal, the mean range being about 2.7 feet with extreme of -2 and +9.6 feet. The remaining sec- tions are non-tidal with fluctuations of 1 to 2 feet in level due to winds. The cost for new work for the completed project was $3,396,276. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $545,000, including $405,500 for operating and care. The protection to canal property at Great Bridge portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the fore- going cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $265,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 Existing project dimensions and original route, H. Doc. 317, 54th Cong., 1st sess., waterway from Norfolk, Va., to sounds of North and Annual Report, 1896, p. 1086; Carolina. H. Doc. 131, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report, 1899, p. 1485. July 25, 1912 Original route of the Norfolk-Beaufort Inlet section-__ H. Doc. 391, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Do ------ Purchase of Chesapeake & Albemarle Co. Canal ... H. Doc. 589, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3, 1925 Purchase of Lake Drummond Canal (Dismal Swamp Rivers and Harbors Committee Canal). Doc. 5, 67th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 Construction of a tidal lock at Great Bridge at a limit S. Doc. 23, 71st Cong., 1st sess.1 of cost not to exceed $500,000. June 26, 19342 Operating and care of the works of improvement pro- vided for with funds from War Department appro- priations for rivers and harbors. Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of dikes for protection of canal property H. Doc. 117, 76th Cong., 1st sess. against floodtides.3 1 Contains latest published map, both routes. 2 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. SInactive. Local cooperation. Nbne required. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities serving the 2 water routes at the northern terminus are described in the report for RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 369 Norfolk Harbor, Va. South of Norfolk there are 3 piers, 15 wharves, 6 landings, 5 marine railways, and 3 bulkheads serving these routes. The landings are publicly owned and are open to the public without charge. The remaining facilities are privately owned and are open to the public at a nominal charge. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, in Dismal Swamp Canal in the vicinity of the feeder ditch, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was continued to July 22, 1955, when the work was completed. There were removed 67,880 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $35,756. Maintenance dredging, by contract, in Lower North Landing River was commenced February 7, 1956, and continued to Febru- ary 27, 1956, when the work was completed. There were e- moved 126,790 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $49,740. Maintenance snagging and bank trimming operations, with the U. S. derrick boat Roanoke, on both waterways, were com- menced in August 1955 and continued intermittently to the end of the fiscal year. The cost of the work was $48,579. Replacement of wooden bulkhead at North Landing River Bridge with new steel sheet piling bulkhead, with Government plant and hired labor, was commenced February 8, 1956, and con- tinued to March 15, 1956, when the work was completed. The cost of the work was $14,341. Additional costs on replacement of floor of South Mills Bridge with steel grid flooring, with Government plant and hired labor, were incurred in July 1955 in the amount of $265. Real estate management services, with Government plant and hired labor, were accomplished during the year at a cost of $531. Operation and ordinary maintenance of the project, consisting of condition and operation studies, operation and care of the locks, bridges, spillways, wharves, canal plant, grounds, roads, etc., with Government plant and hired labor, was carried on during the year as required at a cost of $305,875. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $455,087, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River and North Landing River portions of the project was commenced in 1915, and continued intermit- tently to May 1920, when the work was completed. The Albe- marle & Chesapeake Canal was acquired by the United States from the Albemarle & Chesapeake Canal Co. on April 30, 1913, for $500,000. Construction of the Deep Creek, Turners Cut, and Pasquotank River portions of the project was commenced in August 1899, and continued intermittently to June 1902, when the work was completed. The Dismal Swamp Canal was acquired by the United States from the Lake Drummond Canal & Water Company on March 30, 1929, for $500,000. A tidal guard lock in the Albemarle & Chesapeake Canal at Great Bridge, Va., was completed in 1932. Locks at Deep Creek, Va., and South Mills, N. C., on the Dismal Swamp Canal were 370 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 built in 1940 and 1941, respectively. (See table in paragraph "Existing project.") The locks are in good condition. The controlling depths for the project are as follows: Controlling depths: 80 per- cent of project Name of channel width, 40 per- Date determined cent on either side of center line (feet) Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River, Va....------------- 112.0 December 1955. Virginia Cut, Va---.....----..-- -------------------------- 212.0 July 1948. North Landing River, Va..L---------------------------------- 812.0 February 1956. Deep Creek, Va----- ....---...------ ------------------------ 1 8.6 March 1956. Dismal Swamp Canal__---------------------___- --------- 46.7 Do. Turners Cut, N. C ------------------------------------------ 9.2 April 1956. Pasquotank River, N. C_.-.-...- .. --..---- . --. . --..--..- .9.4 January-February 1947. 1 Depths are referred to men low water.- 2 Depths are referred to Virginia Cut datum. 2 Depths are referred to North Landing River datum. 4 Depths are referred to canal datum. 6 Depths are referred to ordinary low water. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $13,147,095, of which $3,396,276 (including $1 million for the purchase of the Albemarle & Chesapeake Canal and the Dismal Swamp Canal) was for new work and $9,750,819 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: $3,688,372 Appropriated-----......------------------------------------------------------..... Cost------ ------------------------------------------------------------ 3,688,372 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $297,432 $247,577 $331, 218 $329, 700 $420,000 9,804,816 Cost-.-.......--. 418,040 309,693 299,072 349,306 455,087 9,803,623 1 Includes $292,096 for new work and $52,804 for maintenance for previous projects. 11. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Date Cost during reconnaissance Name of project fiscal year or condition survey conducted 1. Knobbs Creek N. C.----------------------------------------- $925 2September 1955. 2. Appomattox River, Va.-------------------------------- ---- 386 1 June1956. 3. Cape Charles City Harbor, Va.------------------------------ - 573 zNovember 1955. 4. Channel Connecting York River, Va. with Back Creek to Slaight's Wharf ------------------------------------------ 938 Do. 5.Channel to Newport News, Va.--------------------------------- 1,071 2 June 1956. 6. Hampton Creek, Va..------------------------- ---------- 515 2March 1956. 7. Lafayette River, Va.------------------------------------ ------ 706 2 October 1955. 8. Little Machipongo River, Va.------------------------------ 1,776 2 September 1955. 9. Little River (Creek), Va.------------------------------------ 3,882 2 February 1956. 10. Mattaponi River Va.. ---------------------- 1,193 1 November 1955. 11. Newport News Creek, Va._,.......... ..-----------.------- 580 2 October 1955. 12. Onancock River, Va...........-------..............---.........------------------------ 8,050 2 November 1955. 13. Pagan River, Va.------- ------------------ ---------- 1,863 2 October 1955. 14. Pamunkey River, Va.. ------------------------------ 1,146 1 November 1955. 15. Thimble Shoal Channel, Va........----------------------------------- 9,190 2 January 1956. 16. York Spit Channel, Va.........-- .- ----------..---------- 7, 247 April 1956. 1Reconnaissance. 2 Condition. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 371 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-------.......----------------------------------- $40,437 $40,437 Cost------- ------------ ------------------------------------ 40,041 40,041 12. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1956 full report _ Estimated see Annual amount re- Name of project Report Operation quired to for- Construction and mainte- complete nance $187, 91 10,4 1 - - -- - ----- -- -- -- 1. Onancock River, Va. 3- _ 1951 $100,443 (2) $187,914 2. Nandua Creek, Va. 3 1950 6,988 2,988 (2) 3. Occohannock Creek, Va. ._ __ ... ..... ... 1951 Active portion ..... , ............ 13,859 36,723 (2) Inactive portion_ 1950 4$90,000 3 4. Little Machipongo River, Va. . . . . ..... 15,000 12,596 (2) 5. Kings Creek, Va.' _ ----------------- .--- .- 1950 6 144,000 3 6. Cape Charles City Harbor, Va. 7- ......... 80,-716 Active portion.. -------------------- ............ 1950 648,381 80,716 (2) Inactive portion_---- 3 ------- 4 207,000 7. York Spit Channel, Va. ---------- 673,410 858,536 (2) 8. H orn Ha rbo r, Va .3 ...... 3 11,487 23,473 (2) 9. Mattaponi River, Va. 8 Active portion ..- ---------------- ............ 1955 83,836 142,519 (2) Inactive portion------------------------ 3 ------------ 4160,000 10. Pamunkey River, Va. ------------------. Active portion.---- --------------- ............ 195541 31,376 155,949 (2) - - ... Inactive portion . .- -..---.-- ------- --- - -_------- - - - - - -- ------------ 4 36,000 11. York River, Va.. -.... Active portion_--------- ---------- ............ 180,904 173,355 (2) Inactive portion ___- - 9 128,000 12. Channel Connecting York River, Va. with B ack C reek to Slaight's W harf 3 o ....... 1950 14,855 19,828 (2) 13. Thimble Shoal Channel, Va.s 11_. 1955 2,617,381 1,130,338 61,300,000 s 14. Little River (Creek), Va. 3 12_ 1952 168,623 104,547 (2) 15. Appomattox River, Va. s la------------ 1954 (2) Active portion -------------------- 852,651 532,090 Inactive portion------------------- s 17,690 4 362,000 16. Pagan River, Va. 14 15 51,425 256,414 (2) 17. Nansemond River, Va. 1952 167,477 213,045 (2) 18. Portsmouth Harbor, Va., Channel to Nanse- mond Ordnance Depot 3 3- 1947 165,566 66,162 (2) 19. Hampton Creek, Va. 16 1950 186,237 14,129 (2) 20. Channel from Phoebus, Va. to deep water in Hampton Roads s 17_______________________ 1944 11,500 11,750 (2) s- - -- - - - -- - - - - - 21. Willoughby Channel, Va. 3s 1953 8,500 17,522 (2) 22. Channel to Newport News, Va. 18_-__ 1954 1,477,262 321,353 (2) 23. Lafayette River, Va.-------- ---------- 1950 12,048 1,000 (2) 24. Knobbs Creek, Va.- .------------------- 1950 80,500 25,000 (2) ----- 1955 1955 25. Blackwater River, Va. 19e Active portion......-------------------- 16,144 89,360 (2) Inactive portion __------..------------- 19,900 .........-...- 4322,000 1 Includes $33,549 for new work and $24,754 for maintenance for previous projects. $ Completed. 8 Channels adequate for commerce. 4 Latest revision of estimate in 1954. 6 Construction funds to complete project not anticipated until later date. 6 Latest revision of estimate in 1956. 7 Includes $445,291 military funds expended for new work on existing project and $83,041 military funds expended for new work on wharf and bulkhead. 8 Includes $51,249 for new work and $60,440 for maintenance for previous projects. 9 Latest revision of estimate in 1887. 10 In addition $2,500 for new pork was expended from contributed funds. 11Includes $333,609 for new work for previous projects. 12Federal funds expended by the U. S. Navy for new work. In addition, $16,995 expended from funds contributed by the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. for new work. is Includes $22,500 for new work for previous projects. 14Includes $20,671 for new work for previous projects. 16Includes $30,000 for new work and $7,000 for maintenance for previous projects. 372 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 16Includes $12,000 for new work for previous projects. In addition $62,969 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 17In addition, $1,200 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 18Includes $225,000 for new work and $12,500 for maintenance for previous projects. 19Includes $14,000 for new work for previous projects. 13. NORFOLK-PORTSMOUTH BELT LINE RAILROAD BRIDGE ACROSS THE SOUTHERN BRANCH OF THE ELIZABETH RIVER, NORFOLK HARBOR, VA. Location. The Norfolk-Portsmouth Belt Line Railroad bridge crosses the Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River about 2 miles above the junction with the Eastern Branch and 1,350 feet down- stream from the highway bridge between South Norfolk and Ports- mouth, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 452.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a new railroad bridge to replace the existing outmoded, grossly mis- aligned bridge. The new bridge will include a vertical-lift span 383 feet long, providing a horizontal clearance of 300 feet perpendicu- lar to the axis of the channel and a vertical clearance of 145 feet above mean low water in its fully raised position and 14.5 feet in its lowered position. The lift span will be flanked on the west by a through truss span about 180 feet long and 3 deck-girder spans each about 57 feet long, and on the east by 2 through truss spans each about 180 feet long and a single 57-foot deck-girder span. The notice to alter the existing bridge was signed by the Secre- tary of the Army on October 6, 1947, as authorized by the Truman- Hobbs Act of June 23, 1940. The estimated Federal share of the cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $2,340,000. The estimated cost to local interests, revised in 1956, is $390,000. Local cooperation. The Truman-Hobbs Act of June 23, 1940, provides that, upon notice to alter by the Secretary of the Army, the bridge owners shall (a) prepare and submit to the Secretary for approval, plans and specifications for the alteration of the bridge; (b) take bids for the alteration of the bridge in accordance with the approved plans; submit all bids to the Secretary together with a recommendation as to the most competent bid; submit a written guaranty that the total cost of the project will not exceed a stated sum; and upon authorization by the Secretary, proceed with the work of alteration; and (c) bear such part of the cost as determined by the Secretary to be attributable to the direct and special benefits which will accrue to the bridge owners as a result of the alteration, including the expectable savings in repair or maintenance costs; and that part of the cost attributable to the requirements of traffic by railroad or highway, or both, including any expenditure for increased carrying capacity of the bridge, and including such proportion of the actual capital cost of the old bridge or of such part of the old bridge as may be altered or changed or rebuilt, as the used service life of the whole or a part, as the case may be, bears to the total estimated service life of the whole or such part. In complying with the provisions of the Truman-Hobbs Act, the bridge owners have completed the following actions: (a) retained ALTERATION OF BRIDGES-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 373 consulting engineers, completed necessary foundation investiga- tions, and prepared plans and specifications for the alteration of the bridge which have been approved by the Secretary of the Army; (b) taken bids for the construction of the substructure and approaches and superstructure of the new bridge in accord- ance with the approved plans and specifications; submitted all bids to the Secretary together with a recommendation as to the most competent bid; submitted a written guaranty that the total cost of the project will not exceed a stated sum; and, upon authori- zation by the Secretary, have awarded a contract for construction of the superstructure and approaches; (c) accepted an apportion- ment of cost prepared by the Chief of Engineers and approved by the Secretary of the Army; and (d) agreed to prosecute the project in three separable phases as Federal funds for each phase become available. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction was started on Unit I, substructures and grading, in December 1955 and continued to the end of the year. At the end of the fiscal year, 4 of the 9 piers were complete. The contract as a whole was about 15 percent complete. Units II and III have been advertised and bids opened. Award of contract will be made upon approval of the Chief of Engineers. The total Federal cost of the work for the fiscal year was $69,577, all for new work. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. The overall project was com- menced in December 1955 and was about 3 percent completed. The contract for Unit I, substructure and grading, was about 15 percent completed. The contracts for Units II and III, super- structure and removal of superstructure of old bridge, were ad- vertised and award recommended. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of the substructure and superstructure and of the new bridge and removal of the old bridge. The total Federal cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $69,577, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------- ----- ---------------------------------- $800,000 $800,000 Cost................. ------------------ 69,577 ----------------------------------............ 69,577 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____ $5, 640 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------ --------------------------------- 1, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-_ _ 1,005, 640 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_-_.------- - . 540, 000 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 374 14. ROANOKE RIVER BASIN, VA. AND N. C. Location. The works covered by this project consist of a series of dams and reservoirs in the Roanoke River and its tributaries in Virginia and North Carolina, within a radius of 100 miles from Danville, Va. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, approved the general plan for the comprehensive develop- ment of the Roanoke River Basin for flood control and other pur- poses as set forth in House Document 650, 78th Congress, 2d ses- sion, and authorized the construction of the John H. Kerr Reservoir (formerly known as the Buggs Island Reservoir) on the Roanoke River in Virginia and North Carolina, and the Philpott Reservoir on the Smith River in Virginia as the initial step of this develop- ment. Following is a list of the dams and reservoirs included in the comprehensive plan. The estimates of cost as given were revised in 1954 with the exception of John H. Kerr Reservoir and Philpott Reservoir, the estimates for which were reviewed in 1956. Dams and reservoirs Estimated cost Distance Reservoir Power de- Name Nearest city above Height of dam and type capacity velopment mouth 1 (acre-feet) (kilowatts) Con- Land and (miles) struction damages 2 Total 3 r John H. Kerr,4 Va. and N. C. 4__ Boydton Va. 178.7 144 feet, concrete gravity and earthfill___ 2,808,000 204,000 $61,900,000 $25,250,000 $87, 150, 000 0 Philpott, Va. ------------- Bassett, Va.-------------... 336.2 220 feet, concrete gravity s______________ 249,800 14,000 12,180,000 1,160,000 13,340,000 O Gaston, Va. and N. C....-------- Roanoke Rapids, N. C... 144.9 108 feet, concrete gravity and earthfill_.. 432,000 54,000 27,000,000 3,500,000 30,500,000 d Roanoke Rapids, N. C. ..--------.. do__----------------- 137.0 75 feet, concrete gravity_ -----------.-. - 59,300 83,700 31,300,000 800,000 32,100,000 Smith Mountain, Va ..--..... Altavista, Va............ 314.2 244 feet, concrete gravity_ ------------- 825,000 41,000 28,000,000 3,800,000 31,800,000 C Leesville, Va....---- do, -----................. 293.7 95 feet, concrete gravity and earthfill.... 76,900 20,000 9,100,000 1,000,000 10,100,000 0 ---------- Taber, Va ... do-------__ 275.0 54 feet, concrete gravity________________ 34,000 12,000 8,000,000 1,700,000 9,700,000 z Melrose, Va....._------------_ Brookneal, Va........... 262.9 110 feet, concrete gravity and earthfill__. 120,000 43,000 17,700,000 6,000,000 723,700,000 H Randolph, Va ...--- .. Chase City, Va.---...... 227.8 147 feet, concrete gravity and earthfill___ 305,000 48,000 22,100,000 4,700,000 26,800,000 Stuart Va. and N. C......... Spray, N. C............------------ 297.2 138 feet, earthfill__------- ___-___ - 163,000 15,000 9,000,000 1,100,000 10,100,000 0 Schoolfield, Va. and N. C..- . Danville, Va.------------........... 265.9 126 feet, concrete gravity and earthfill___ 248,000 80,000 27,800,000 6,400,000 34,200,000 d 1 Mouth of Roanoke River at Albemarle Sound. 6 Based on modified plan developed in fiscal year 1949. Construction completed in 2 Includes highway, railroad, and utilities relocation. June 1955 by the Virginia Electric and Power Co. 0 * Exclusive of transmission lines. 7Includes cost of earth dam on Whipping Creek, diversion conduit, power canal, 4Details of these project items are given in individual reports. powerhouse, etc. 0 6 Authorizing legislation provided for earth dam; concrete, gravity dam constructed. r v 0: Co c- 376 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. None required. John H. Kerr and Philpott Reservoirs are the only projects in the comprehensive plan that have been authorized for construc- tion in accordance with the above authorization, and individual reports on the two reservoirs are given in the following pages. All operations previously reported under the heading, "Roanoke River Basin, Va. and N. C.," for those two projects are now con- tained in the individual reports, and previous costs and expendi- tures have also been transferred to those reports. 15. JOHN H. KERR RESERVOIR, ROANOKE RIVER BASIN, VA. AND N. C. Location. The John H. Kerr Dam is on the Roanoke River, about 178.7 river miles above the mouth. It is in Mecklenburg County, Va., 20.3 miles downstream from Clarksville, Va., 18 miles upstream from the Virginia-North Carolina State line, and 80 miles southwest of Richmond, Va. At the elevation of the top of gates, the reservoir will extend upstream on the Roanoke River 56 miles and on the Dan River 34 miles. Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a concrete gravity dam with wing and saddle dikes on the right and left banks, with a total length of approximately 22,285 feet. The main dam consists of a nonoverflow concrete section on the right bank 629 feet long, a concrete spillway section 1,092 feet long, a concrete power intake section 614 feet long, and a con- crete nonoverflow section on the left bank 450 feet long. The right bank earth wing and saddle dikes total 9,050 feet in length and the left bank wing and saddle dikes total 10,450 feet in length. The maximum height of the concrete section is 144 feet above bedrock and the earthfill dikes vary in height to a maxi- mum of 45 feet. At the elevation of the top of gates, the dam pro- vides a total storage capacity of 2,808,000 acre-feet, of which 1,- 278,000 acre-feet is flood storage; 1,046,000 acre-feet, power draw- down; and 484,000 acre-feet in dead storage below the surface of the minimum power pool. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated system of reservoirs in the Roanoke River Basin for the control of floods, the generation of hydroelectric power, the regulation of low-water flow, and for other purposes. The power installation is 204,000 kilowatts. The estimate of cost, revised in 1955, is $61,900,000 for con- struction and $25,250,000 for lands and damages, including the relocation of highways, railroads, and utilities, a total of 87,150,- 000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, which approved the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Roanoke River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Document 650, 78th Congress, 2d session. The latest published map is printed in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Operation and results during fiscal year. The land acquisition FLOOD CONTROL--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 377 program, by hired labor, consisting of resolution of condemnation cases and processing relocation agreements, was continued throughout the year. New work construction, by contract, consisting of construction of utility buildings and asphalt surfacing of existing roads, was accomplished during the year. A contract was awarded in June 1956 to construct a tainter-gate bulkhead. Purchase of permanent operating equipment items was continued. Hired labor construction during the year consisted of barri- cades to roads, drainage ditches, heavy equipment storage build- ings, picnic shelter, electrical facilities, fire-protection facilities, water tank, boat dock, and miscellaneous items of work necessary to the full utilization of the project. In addition, the purchase of equipment and the alterations necessary to operate the generating units from the control room were initiated. Operation and maintenance of the project for flood control, pro- duction of power, low water regulation, and recreation was con- tinued throughout the year. Real estate management and dis- posal services were accomplished during the year. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $904,900, of which $486,544 was for new work and $418,356 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in February 1946, and the project as a whole is complete except for the tainter-gate bulkhead, automation equip- ment and alterations, additional oil circuit breaker, and resolu- tion of claims against the Government, and judgments-in real estate condemnation cases. Production of power is underway and the project is providing flood protection. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $86,- 796,764, of which $85,395,844 was for new work and $1,400,920 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $17,000,000 $7,806,000 $555,200 .---- -$180,000 $85,581,200 Cost.-----------. - 19,168,522 14,783,5651,784,004 $512,944 486,544 85,395,844 Maintenance: Appropriated-..... .. _ .... ----- 125,614 454,600 411,900 420,000 1,412,114 Cost.--.-..-..-----------------..125,614 450,004 406,947 418,355 1,400,920 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $12, 662 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 310,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_________________________________ 322,662 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1,258, 800 16. PHILPOTT RESERVOIR, ROANOKE RIVER BASIN, VA. Location. The Philpott Dam is on Smith River, Va., 44.3 miles above its junction with the Dan River near Leaksville, N. C., 378 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 and 35 miles upstream from the Virginia-North Carolina State line. It is in Franklin and Henry Counties, 34 air-miles south of Roanoke, Va. At spillway crest elevation, the reservoir will ex- tend upstream about 16 miles. Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a concrete gravity dam 892 feet long with a maximum height of 220 feet. The dam consists of a nonoverflow concrete section on the right bank 280 feet long, a concrete power intake section 92 feet long, an ungated spillway section 120 feet long, and a con- crete nonoverflow section on the left bank 400 feet long. The powerhouse, located at the toe of the dam, has a total installa- tion of 14,000 kilowatts. At the elevation of the maximum flood-control pool, the reservoir has a storage capacity of 249,800 acre-feet, of which 82,400 acre- feet is reserved for the control of floods, 111,100 acre-feet for the development of hydroelectric power, and 56,300 acre-feet is dead storage. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the control of floods in the Roanoke River Basin, the generation of hydroelectric power, the regulation of low water flow, and for other purposes. The estimate of Federal cost, revised in 1954, is $12,180,000 for construction and $1,160,000 for lands and damages, including highway, and other relocations, a total of $13,340,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, which approved the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Roanoke River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Document 650, 78th Congress, 2d session. The latest published map is printed in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work construc- tion, by hired labor, consisting of improvements to existing roads and purchase of operating equipment, was accomplished during the year. Preparation of engineering reports was carried on during the year. Operation and maintenance of the project for flood control, production of power, low water regulation, and recreation was con- tinued throughout the year. Welding of the cavitated areas on the turbine runner blades was accomplished by contract in April 1956. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $179,070, of which $16,525 was for new work and $162,545 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in March 1948 and the project as a whole is complete except for some cleanup work. The entire reservoir area has been acquired with the exception of two tracts. Production of power has been initiated and the project is providing flood protec- tion. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $13,- 799,844, of which $13,282,013 was for new work, and $517,831 for operation and maintenance. SHORE PROTECTION-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 379 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--.....I $2,705,000 $300,000 -- -- 4- ..- 1--" $13,340,000 Cost--------------- 2,111,791 1,279,160 $206,790 $58,441 $16,525 13,282,013 Maintenance: Appropriated -- _... -........ 69,386 144,400 142,200 169,100 525,086 Cost------------....-------------- 68,556 144,367 142,362 162,546 517,831 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ _____- $54, 815 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 5------------------- 16. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last_ Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Gathright Reservoir and Falling Spring Re- regulating Dam, James River Basin, Va.-... 1955 1$29, 999,000 $101,000 .......------- 1 Completion of advanced planning deferred due to marginal economic ratio of the project. 18. VIRGINIA BEACH, VA. Location. Virginia Beach is located on the Atlantic seaboard, 22 miles north of the Virginia-North Carolina State line, 3.5 miles south of Cape Henry, and 19 miles east of Norfolk, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1227). Existing project. This provides for Federal participation in the restoration and protection of the shore of Virginia Beach by artificial placement of sand to provide a minimum beach width of 100 feet at elevation 7 feet above mean low water, and mainte- nance of such beach by periodic replenishment of losses to insure continuous protection; including the construction of a groin sys- tem to be undertaken at such times as the estimated annual charges therewith would be less than the annual cost of beach replenishment alone. The United States shall participate in the first cost of the project to the full extent of its proportionate share of the cost as a landowner, plus one-third the total first cost of restoring and protecting all the publicly owned section of the shore. The estimate of Federal cost, revised in 1956, is $580,000. The estimate of cost to the city of Virginia Beach, revised in 1956, is $1,120,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 186, 83d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, in adopting the existing project, imposed the conditions that responsible local interests will (a) adopt the plan of restora- tion and protection; (b) submit for approval by the Chief of Engi- neers, prior to commencement of work, detailed plans and specifi- 380 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 cations for the project and also arrangements for prosecuting the work: (c) assure maintenance of the protective and improve- ment measurements during their useful life as may be re- quired to serve their intended purpose; (d) provide at their own expense all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way; (e) hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; (f) assure that water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers will not be permitted; and (g) assure continued public ownership of the shore upon which the amount of Federal partici- pation is based, and its administration for public use only. These conditions of local cooperation, pertaining to the beach restoration have been met and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The conditions pertaining to the construction of groins have not been complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The Federal share of the beach restoration work performed in 1952 was determined fol- lowing an audit of the records of the City of Virginia Beach. Final payment was made based on this audit. The Federal cost of the work was $229,600, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was about 42 per- cent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Beach restoration by the city of Virginia Beach was commenced in June 1952 and com- pleted in August 1953. The construction of groins has been de- ferred indefinitely. Local interests have periodically replenished beach material, as needed, in an effort to bring it to the designated height and width of berm. At the end of the fiscal year the beach had an average width of approximately 70 feet at elevation 6.5 feet above mean low water. Local interests have acquired their own dredging plant and adequate borrow areas and plan to in- stitute an adequate maintenance program in July 1956. The total Federal cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956 was $229,600, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-----------------------------------------------$229,600 $229,600 Cost- --- -229,600 229,600 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___ -- _ __ ___ $350, 400 19. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The total cost of examinations and surveys during the fiscal year was $107,367. The unexpended balance for examinations and surveys on June 30, 1956, in the amount of $6,960, and an estimate of additional funds in the amount of $122,700, a total of $129,660, can be applied during fiscal year 1957 to payment of expenses to GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 381 be incurred under this heading. The additional sum of $92,800 is needed to be appropriated for fiscal year 1958. 20. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The total cost of research and development during the fiscal year was $16,986. The unexpended balance on June 30, 1956, in the amount of $1,917, and an estimate of additional funds in the amount of $6,700, a total of $8,617, can be applied during fiscal year 1957 to payment of expenses incurred under this heading. The additional sum of $9,000 is needed to be appropriated for fiscal year 1958. " IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT This district comprises central and eastern North Carolina embaced in the drainage basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean from the southern boundary of Virginia to Shallotte River, inclu- sive, with the exception of the Roanoke River Basin above Weldon, N. C.; the Meherrin River Basin above Murfreesboro, N. C.; and the Chowan River Basin above the confluence of the Nottaway and Blackwater Rivers. It includes the portion of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway from the northern boundary of North Carolina to Little River, S. C., and the portion of the Waterway from Norfolk, Va., to the Sounds of North Carolina, south of the north shore of Albemarle Sound. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- 15. Navigation projects on which way between Norfolk, Va., reconnaissance and condi- and the St. Johns River, Fla. tion surveys only were con- (Wilmington District) .------... 383 ducted during the fiscal 2. Manteo (Shallowbag) Bay, year__ _- 410 N. C ------------------- 388 16. Other authorized navigation 3. Stumpy Point Bay, N. C.. 390 projects, ------ ... 411 4. Far Creek, N. C------------ 391 17. Navigation work under special 5. Rollinson Channel, N. C _ _ 392 authorization........... 411 6. Silver Lake Harbor, N. C - 394 7. Wallace Channel, Pamlico Sound, N. C -------------- 395 Flood Control 8. Smiths Creek (Pamlico County), N. C ------------ 396 18. Pasquotank River, N. C ..... 412 9. Waterway connecting Pamlico 19. Goldsboro, Neuse River, N. C_ 413 Sound and Beaufort Har- 20. Other authorized flood-control bor, N. C---------------- 397 projects............ .. 414 10. Morehead City Harbor, N. C. 399 21. Flood-control work under spe- 11. Beaufort Harbor, N. C..------ 401 cial authorization _ ... . 414 12. Channel from Back Sound to Lookout Bight, N.C- 403 13. Cape Fear River, N. C., above General investigations Wilmington--------------_ 404 14. Wilmington Harbor, N.C. _- - 407 22. Examinations and surveys .. 415 1. ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (WILMINGTON DISTRICT) Location. This waterway is a sea-level route through coastal sounds and marine marshes, approximately paralleling the Atlantic Coast between Norfolk, Va., and the St. Johns River, Fla. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 830 to 842, inclusive.) The section within the Wilmington district begins at the Vir- ginia-North Carolina State line and extends generally southerly to Beaufort, thence southwestward to Cape Fear River, and thence westward to Little River, S. C., 308 statute miles. Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 4, 1836; March 3, 1837; July 7, 1838; June 18, 1878; March 3, 1879; June 14, 1880; March 3, 1881; August 2, 1882; August 5, 1886; September 19, 1890; March 3, 1905; June 25, 1910; and 383 384 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 August 8, 1917. For further details, see page 1803 of Annual Report for 1915; pages 585, 587, and 589 of Annual Report for 1917; page 522 of Annual Report for 1926; page 497 of Annual Report for 1932; and pages 476 and 523 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water, with bottom widths varying from 90 feet in land cuts to 300 feet in open waters; for the construction, operation, and maintenance of suitable bridges; for a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and 90 feet wide on the bottom in New River between the Intracoastal Waterway and the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad bridge at Jacksonville, N. C., 21 miles; for a side channel 12 feet deep and 90 feet wide to a turning basin of the same depth, 200 feet wide and 350 feet long, opposite the principal wharves at Swansboro; for an entrance channel 6 feet deep and 90 feet wide at New River Inlet, with connecting channel of same dimensions to the Intracoastal Waterway near the mouth of New River; for a channel 14 feet deep and 400 feet wide across the ocean bar at Masonboro Inlet, thence 12 feet deep and 90 feet wide to the chan- nel of the Intracoastal Waterway at Wrightsville by way of Banks and Motte Channels; a turning basin 15 feet deep having a maxi- mum width of 300 feet and length of 700 feet on the east side of Banks Channel near Masonboro Inlet, with three 15-pile dolphins therein; for a channel 12 feet deep, 90 feet wide, and about 1,850 feet long, extending from the 12-foot depth in the Intracoastal Waterway in Bogue Sound into Peltier Creek, with a basin 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 600 feet long at the inner end; for a yacht basin 230 feet wide, 450 feet long, and 12 feet deep near the town of Southport, connected with the waterway by a suitable channel of the same depth; and for salt-water-intrusion preventive meas- ures in the vicinity of Fairfield, N. C., as follows: Construction of a pumping plant and a dam, with control gates and appurtenant works on Fairfield Canal near the Intracoastal Waterway; restora- tion and enlargement where necessary of Boundary Canal from the vicinity of Swindell Canal to the vicinity of Baum Canal, together with appurtenant works necessary to cut off inflow from other areas; and construction of dams with automatic floodgates across Swindell, Florida, Burris, and Baum Canals near Mattamus- keet Lake. That portion of the waterway north of the mouth of Neuse River is nontidal; variation in the water surface, due to winds, seldom exceeds 2 feet above or below mean stage. In the section be- tween Beaufort and Cape Fear River the normal tidal range varies from 31/ feet at the inlets to 1 foot at points between. The tidal range for New River varies from 31/2 feet at New River Inlet to 1 foot at the head of the marshes, and nothing at Tar Landing, 31 miles above. The mean range of tide in the section from Cape Fear River, N. C., to Little River, S. C., varies between 4.7 feet in the Cape Fear River, 4 feet at intermediate inlets, and 2 feet at points midway between inlets. The tide reached an elevation of 17.6 feet on October 15, 1954, at Holden Beach. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $10,126,000. Those RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 385 portions of the project, including the tidal lock in the landcut of the Intracoastal Waterway near the Cape Fear River, jetties at Masonboro Inlet, 6 mooring basins in the Intracoastal Waterway, and the 12-foot channel in New River to and including a basin at Jacksonville, N. C., are inactive or are to be restudied, and are ex- cluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The costs for these por- tions were last approved in 1954, and were estimated to be $1,750,- 000 for the tidal lock, $1,590,000 for jetties at Masonboro Inlet, $109,000 for the 6 mooring basins in the Intracoastal Waterway, and $267,000 for the 12-foot project in New River. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $365,- 000, which includes $95,000 for operating and care of 5 highway bridges. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 Original route of the Norfolk-Beaufort Inlet section. H. Doe. 391, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Do .... Purchase of canal___ .__________ ..._._ ._ ._ ._._H. Doc. 589, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 Change in route; following changes approved by H. Doc. 1478, 63d Cong., 3d sess., Secretary of War, Apr. 14, 1919: and H. Doc. 1136, 64th Cong., 1st Albemarle Sound-Pamlico Sound section: sess.' Changed from "Alligator River-Rose Bay route" to "Alligator River-Pungo River route." Pamlico Sound-Neuse River section: Changed from "Pamlico Sound-Brant Shoal- Neuse River route" to "Goose Creek-Bay River route." July 18, 1918 Alligator River-Pungo River route (proposed land Approved by Secretary of War, cut connecting the rivers): Changed from a straight May 15, 1919. line to a bent line approaching nearer the town of Fairfield, N. C. Jan. 21, 1927 A 12-foot channel 90 feet wide from Beaufort to Cape H. Doc. 450, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Fear River,4 N. C., including highway bridge and tidal lock. Mar. 4, 19332 Construction of a suitable bridge near Fairfield, N. C. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doe. 5, 72d Cong., 1st sess. June 26, 1934 8 Operating and care of the works of improvement pro- vided for with funds from War Department appro- priations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 26, 1937 Increasing dimensions of waterway to 12 feet deep Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 and 90 feet wide. Doc. 6, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Do_ ---_._ A 12-foot side channel 90 feet wide to Swansboro... Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Doec. 16, 75th Cong., 1st sess. June 20, 1938 To provide a yacht basin near Southport, 12 feet deep, H. Doe. 549, 75th Cong., 3d sess.' 230 feet wide, and 450 feet long, with connecting channel. D o ........ A 6-foot channel 90 feet wide from New River Inlet H. Doc. 691, 75th Cong., 3d sess.' to the Inland Waterway. Mar. 2, 1945 Six mooring basins._________----------------------- H. Doc. 660, 76th Cong., 3d sess.' June 30, 1948 A 12-foot channel in New River 5 H. Doc. 421, 80th Cong., 1st sess.' May 17, 1950 Vicinity of Fairfield, drainage. _ ..... _........ H. Doc. 723, 80th Cong., 2d sess.' Do.... .. Masonboro Inlet and6 connecting channels, including H. Doc. 341, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' jetties at the inlet. Sept. 3, 1954 A 12-foot channel and basin in Peltier Creek_......... H. Doc. 379, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' 1 Contains latest published maps. 2Public No. 433, 72d Cong. 3 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 4 Tidal lock in landcut between Myrtle Sound and Cape Fear River. 5 A 12-foot by 90-foot channel in New River from Intracoastal Waterway to and including a basin at Jacksonville, N. C. 6 Jetties on each side of Masonboro Inlet. Local cooperation. Complied with except for the following: a. Peltier Creek (H. Doc. 379, 71st Cong., 1st sess.), which re- quires that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide, without cost to the 386 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-dis- posal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent main- tenance of the project, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works; and provide, without cost to the United States, a suitable area, accessible by road, for a public landing. b. Vicinity of Fairfield (H. Doc. 723, 80th Cong., 2d sess.), which requires that local interests provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction, maintenance, and operation of the project; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construc- tion works, and from all past damage in the area herein under consideration, which may have been caused by salt-water intru- sion as a result of construction of the land cut of the Intracoastal Waterway; obtain and hold rights-of-way to present canals in- volved in the improvement, including the extinguishment of all present claims of rights, title, and interest to any of the canals; construct all necessary bridges and culverts for roads, and con- struct, enlarge, and clean all canals and ditches necessary for the efficient operation of the project; and maintain and operate the works after completion. In June 1954, local interests were ad- vised that before construction could start they would have to fulfill the provisions of local cooperation. They engaged an engineer in 1955 to make a survey of the area for the purpose of obtaining data to form a drainage district under North Carolina laws. That survey has been made and the formation of the drainage district has almost been consummated. Due to some requested changes in the location of the desired dike and the deletion of some areas from the original area to be drained, a delay is being experienced in obtaining enough data to determine the additional local coopera- tion. Local interests now feel sure that the district can be legally constituted and by September 1, 1956, will be able to assure the fulfillment of all required terms of local cooperation. c. Masonboro Inlet and connecting channels (H. Doc. 341, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), which requires that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improvements. Terminal facilities. There are numerous wharves and landings along the present waterway, used mostly for shipping agricultural and timber products and docking commercial and pleasure fishing boats. These wharves are of the open pile-and-timber type. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging by contract, operation and care of five bridges, engineering and design studies, and condition and opera- tion studies. Between July 1 and July 14, 1955, the contract dredges Talcott RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 387 and Savannahremoved 45,193 cubic yards from the through water- way at a cost of $17,928. Between November 5 and November 28, 1955, the contract dredges Talcott and Northwood II removed 45,202 cubic yards from the through waterway at a cost of $19,125. Between November 30, 1955, and January 12, 1956, the contract dredge Marion removed 170,524 cubic yards from the through waterway at a cost of $48,930. Between March 3, 1956, and April 10, 1956, the contract dredge Northwood II removed 96,606 cubic yards from the through water- way at a cost of $52,269. Condition and operation studies cost $9,435. The bridges at Coinjock, Fairfield, Wilkerson Creek, Hobucken, and Core Creek were operated and maintained at a cost of $102,435. Engineering and design studies for salt-water-intrusion preven- tive measures in the vicinity of Fairfield, N. C., cost $10,384. Total costs were $250,122 for maintenance and $10,384 for new work, a total of $260,506. Condition at end of fiscal year. The entire project was about 98 percent completed. That portion of the project between the Virginia-North Carolina State line and Beaufort, N. C., was com- menced in August 1923 and completed in February 1930; the 12- foot channel between Beaufort and Cape Fear River was com- menced in March 1927 and completed in December 1932; the 12- foot side channel to Swansboro was commenced in December 1938 and completed in January 1939; the 10-foot channel in New River to Jacksonville was commenced in July 1939 and completed in October 1939; the 6-foot channel from New River Inlet to the waterway was commenced in March 1940 and completed in June 1940; the 12-foot channel from Cape Fear River, N. C., to Little River, S. C., was commenced in February 1939 and completed in June 1940; and the yacht basin at Southport was dredged during September 1940. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depths were as follows: Between Virginia State line and Beau- fort, 10.5 feet; Beaufort to Cape Fear River, 10.0 feet; side chan- nel to Swansboro, 12 feet; channel in New River to Jacksonville, N. C., 6.9 feet; channel to New River Inlet, 4.4 feet; and between Cape Fear River, N. C., and Little River, S. C., 10.0 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $16,919,700, including $80,282 Public Works funds, of which $9,423,252 was for new work and $7,386,598 for maintenance. In addition, the sum of $109,850 was expended between May 1, 1913, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of im- provement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 388 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........ - - - $195,000 _------------_ $9,795,507 11,068 $10,384 9,621,959 Cost------------------------------------ ---------- Maintenance: Appropriated........ $163,500 $164,018 $249,953 204,223 234,000 7,606,193 Cost---------------- 174,796 160,079 219,433 223,626 250,122 7,604,082 1 Includes $198,707 for new work and $107,634 for maintenance of previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ __ $173, 548 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1______________ 173,548 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______________________---------2 529, 000 2 Includes the following: Masonboro Inlet and connecting chamnels_...--------------------------------------$426,000 Peltier Creek ....-------------------------------------------------------------- 51,000 Fairfield drainage (additional allocation for completion) ...--------..........-------------------------- 52,000 2. MANTEO (SHALLOWBAG) BAY, N. C. Location. Manteo Bay, or Shallowbag Bay, a natural indenta- tion of the shoreline, is on the northeastern side of Roanoke Island, N. C. Oregon Inlet, the northernmost existing inlet in the barrier beach, is southeast of Roanoke Island and 13 miles southeast of Manteo. (See U. S. and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1229.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 14 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the Atlantic Ocean over the bar and through Oregon Inlet, thence 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide via Old House Channel to that depth in Pamlico Sound; a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Oregon Inlet to and including a turning basin 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 600 feet long at Manteo; a side channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the Manteo-Ore- gon Inlet Channel in Roanoke Sound to the wharves in Mill Creek near Wanchese, including a turning basin 200 feet square; and a channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide connecting the Manteo-Ore- gon Inlet Channel near the mouth of Manteo Bay with water of that depth in the north end of Roanoke Sound. The total length of channels included in the project is about 25 miles. The varia- tions of the water surface are due to winds and seldom exceed 2 feet above or below mean stage. The extreme range of wind tides, determined by 1 year's gage readings at Manteo, is 5.1 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $1,246,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of mainte- nance is $122,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 389 Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Roanoke H. Doc. 906, 60th Cong., 1st sess.1 Sound to Manteo. Oct. 17, 1940 Connecting channel of same dimensions to Oregon H. Doc. 313, 76th Cong., 1st sess.1 Inlet. May 17, 1950 Channel 14 feet deep, 400 feet wide, from Atlantic H. Doc. 310, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' Ocean through Oregon Inlet, thence 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide, via Old House Channel to Pamlico Sound; channel 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide, from Oregon inlet to and including turning basin 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, 600 feet long, at Manteo; side channel 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide, from Manteo- Oregon Inlet Channel to and including 200-foot- square turning basin in Mill Creek near Wanchese. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Complied with, except as follows: Condi- tions in House Document 310, 81st Congress, 1st session, which require that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance, when and as re- quired; remove existing structures from the rights-of-way; con- tinue the maintenance of the public landing in Mill Creek; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the con- struction and maintenance of the project. Local interests appear willing and able to meet the local cooperation requirements. Terminal facilities. There are 12 timber wharves on the im- proved portion of Manteo Harbor, with a total frontage of approxi- mately 1,100 feet, which are privately owned. Mill Creek has 7 timber wharves with a total berthing space of 600 feet, of which 6 are privately owned; the other is owned and operated by Dare County, N. C. The existing facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of preparation of plans and specifications for maintenance dredg- ing in the Oregon Inlet to Manteo Channel and new work dredging in Mill Creek. The costs were $2,247 for maintenance and $2,055 for new work, a total of $4,302. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 14 percent completed. The 6-foot channel from Roanoke Sound to Manteo was dredged during August and September 1911. The channel to Oregon Inlet was commenced in August 1941 and com- pleted in November 1941. No work has been done on the 14-foot channel from the Atlantic Ocean over the bar and through Oregon Inlet, nor the 12-foot channels from Oregon Inlet to Manteo, and in Pamlico Sound. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depth in the channel to Manteo and to Oregon Inlet was 1.7 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $65,439 for new work and $170,721 for maintenance, a total of $236,160. 390 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- . - .------------ $47,000 .------------.------------------------ $110,384 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------ 2,055 65,439 Maintenance: ---........... ---. Appropriated----------------........ $35,000 -$1,065 $82 19,500 187,974 Cost-----.-.---... --.. ........... $25,441 7,505 1,071 2,247 170,721 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $14, 495 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ 14,495 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________ 1, 144, 000 1 Includes the following: Oregon Inlet Channel (14 ft. X 400 ft.)------------------...... . .. ------------------------ $195,000 Old House Channel to Pamlico Sound (12 ft. X 100 ft.)_ _------------------------- 375,000 Channels to Manteo and Wanchese (12 ft. X 100 ft.)-....-------------------- 574,000 3. STUMPY POINT BAY, N. C. Location. Stumpy Point Bay is a circular indentation 2 miles in diameter on the mainland side near the northerly end of Pamlico Sound. The town of Stumpy Point is on the northeasterly shore of the bay and the hamlet of Lake Worth is on the northwesterly shore. Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water, 75 feet wide, and about 8,000 feet long, from the 7-foot contour in Pamlico Sound through Stumpy Point Bay to Lake Worth, with a boat basin of the same depth, 50 feet wide by 600 feet long, at the inner end. Lunar tides are imperceptible. Normal variations in the water surface due to wind action seldom exceed 1 foot, but may be as much as 5 feet during severe storms. The cost to the Federal Government for the completed project was $40,600. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 422, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. At Lake Worth the bulkheads in the exist- ing basin provide about 550 linear feet of berthing space, and a wholesale fish house provides about 250 linear feet. Part of the space along the bulkheads is publicly owned. There are numer- ous small, cheaply constructed wharves along the shore of Stumpy Point Bay. No mechanical freight-handling devices are available. The facilities are considered adequate for existing and prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of preparation of plans and specifications for maintenance dredg- ing by contract. The costs were $266 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 391 menced in May and completed in June 1950. At the close of the fiscal year, the controlling depth was 4.2 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $40,583 for new work and $567 for maintenance, a total of $41,150. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated . .--- -------------.. ----------- .....-------- $40,583 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 40,583 Maintenance: * Appropriated_.- . - - $122 --------------- $179 $33,200 33,501 Cost ---------------------------- 122 -........... 179 266 567 4. FAR CREEK, N. C. Location. Far Creek is in Hyde County, N. C., and flows east- erly into Pamlico Sound about 95 miles south of Norfolk, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1232.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from that depth in Pamlico Sound along the general alinement of the existing channel through the wide section of the creek, and thence 12 feet deep and 80 feet wide to about 200 feet below the highway bridge at Engelhard, with a turning basin of the same depth with maximum width and length of about 200 feet and 900 feet, respectively, at the head. The total length of channels included in the project is about 2.7 miles. There is some lunar tide in Pamlico Sound, but the principal variations in the level of the water surface are due to winds. Ordinary winds cause a varia- tion of about 1 foot, while severe storms will double or triple this variation. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $214,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $21,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Channel 7 feet deep, 60 feet wide, from Pamlico H. Doe. 112, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Sound to about 200 feet below highway bridge at Engelhard, with a turning basin at the head. May 17, 1950 Present authorized project dimensions ....------------. H. Doc. 770, 80th Cong., 2d sess.1 1 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Complied with, except as follows: Condi- tions in House Document 770, 80th Congress, 2d session, which re- quire that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; set aside suitable space for a public landing; and hold and save the United States free from any damages resulting from construction 392 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 and maintenance of the improvement, including furnishing re- leases from damages to oyster grounds. The Hyde County Board of Commissioners has signified its ability and willingness to fulfill such provisions of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. There are 8 wharves at Engelhard, with a total frontage of about 618 feet, all privately owned. The existing facilities are considered inadequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of preparation of plans and specifications for maintenance dredg- ing. The costs were $814 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 36 percent completed. The 7-foot channel was commenced in March and completed in May 1931. No work has been done on in- creasing the depth of channel and turning basin to 12 feet. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depth to Engelhard was 6.8 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $34,500 for new work and $103,807 for maintenance, a total of $138,307. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ...........- ..... ...... $34,500 Cost----------------- ---- -- ----------------------------------------------....... 34,500 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $25,000 -$268 - .... _-.. $120 $17,750 120,743 Cost ....---------------24,419 313 ........------------ 120 814 103,807 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____________ $179, 000 5. ROLLINSON CHANNEL, N. C. Location. This channel extends from deep water in Pamlico Sound to the village of Hatteras, N. C., on the sound shore of the barrier island, and is about 3.5 miles northeast af Hatteras Inlet. Hatteras Inlet is about 13 miles southwest of Cape Hatteras and 62 miles northeast of Cape Lookout. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Chart No. 1232.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 100 feet wide and 6 feet deep at mean low water from deep water in Pamlico Sound to and including a basin of the same depth at Hatteras; and for a breakwater on each side of the channel starting at a point as near the basin and extending as near the channel as prac- ticable. The length of the channel to the natural inner basin is 3.0 miles. Variation in the water surface due to winds seldom exceeds 2 feet above or below mean stage. Severe wind storms will double or triple this variation. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $192,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 393 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 A 6-foot channel, 100 feet wide, from deep water in H. Doc. 218, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Pamlico Sound to the natural inner basin. Mar. 2, 1945 Extension of 6-foot channel to and including a basin H. Doc. 236, 76th Cong., 1st sess. of same depth at Hatteras. Sept. 3, 1954 A breakwater on each side of the channel at the en- H. Doc. 411, 83d Cong., 2d sess. trance to the basin. (contains latest published maps). Local cooperation. Complied with except for the following: (Channel and basin) The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provided that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights--of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance as re- quired; set apart suitable space for a public landing; and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. The Board of County Commissioners, Dare County, has signified its intention of meeting all local cooper- ation requirements. Terminal facilities. There are 8 wharves in the basin at Hat- teras, with a total frontage of about 1,400 feet, all privately owned and operated but open to the public when not being used by their owners. All except 2 have highway connections. When suitable space is set apart in the basin for a public landing in accordance with the terms of local cooperation, terminal facilities can be con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of new work construction of two rubble breakwaters at Hatteras, N. C., and preparation of plans and specifications for maintenance and new work dredging. Between April 16, and June 30, 1956, the contractor placed 2,878 tons of stone for construction of two rubble breakwaters, at a cost of $47,977. Plans and specifications for maintenance dredging cost $249. Plans and specifications for new work dredging cost $199. The costs were $48,176 for new work and $249 for maintenance, a total of $48,425. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 45 percent completed. The 6-foot channel, 100 feet wide, from deep water in Pamlico Sound to the natural inner basin was com- menced in October and completed in December 1936. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depth in the completed portion was 4.4 feet, and 6.0 feet to and including the existing basin at Hatteras. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $68,301 for new work and $124,117 for maintenance, a total of $192,418. 394 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ... Appropriated.....----------- ------------ ------------ ..------------$177,000 $197,125 Cost------------------------- ----------------------- 48,176 68,301 Maintenance: ---- Appropriated........ $33, 559 $383 $464 $643 12,500 136,368 Cost ----------------- 33,559 383 464 643 249 124,117 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____ $78, 687 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___ - _-- 78,687 -_______________________ Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ _---------------- -- 62, 000 6. SILVER LAKE HARBOR, N. C. Location. Silver Lake Harbor is at the westerly end of Ocra- coke Island, a portion of the barrier separating Pamlico Sound from the Atlantic Ocean. Beaufort Harbor lies about 50 miles southwest; Belhaven is about 60 miles northwest. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1232.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 10 feet deep from that depth in Pamlico Sound to and including an anchorage basin of the same depth in Silver Lake Harbor, with widths of 100 feet across Big Foot Slough bar, and 60 feet in the entrance chan- nel, together with a training wall 300 feet long to protect the outer end of the entrance channel from northeast storms. The ordinary range of tide is about 1 foot within the lake and about 21/2 feet at the outer end of the connecting channel. Severe storm tides have been known to raise the water surface of the lake as much as 5 feet. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the com- pleted project was $67,200. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Entrance channel 5 feet deep and 50 feet wide from Rivers and Harbors Committee Pamlico Sound to the 3-foot contour in the lake and Doc. 3, 70th Cong., 1st sess. a training wall at entrance. Oct. 17, 1940 Channel 10 feet deep and anchorage basin of same H. Doc. 325, 76th Cong., 1st sess. depth, 100 feet wide across Big Foot Slough and 60 (contains latest published map). feet wide in entrance. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 12 small wharves extending from the shore to the deeper waters in the lake. These facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging. Between June 8 and 11, 1956, the con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 395 tract dredge Savannah removed 8,493 cubic yards from the en- trance channel at a cost of $5,954. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- menced in June and completed in August 1942. At the end of the year the controlling depths was 3.6 feet in Big Foot Slough bar channel and 10 feet in the entrance channel and basin at Ocracoke. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $121,928, of which $67,241 was for new work and $54,687 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated....--------------------------- ----------------------- ------ $67,241 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 67,241 Maintenance: Appropriated _.. ___ -$684 $331 $517 $6, 200 54,933 -- ---- Cost------............. 684 331 517 5,954 54,687 7. WALLACE CHANNEL, PAMLICO SOUND, N. C. Location. Wallace Channel extends generally northwest from the inlet gorge of Ocracoke Inlet at the Atlantic Ocean, through an inner bar to the 15-foot depth in Pamlico Sound, a distance of about 7.4 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 418, 419, and 1231.) Existing project. The project provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide in Wallace Channel, from that depth in the Ocracoke Inlet gorge to Pamlico Sound. The normal tidal varia- tion of the water surface is about 2.5 feet in the gorge with wind tides of about 2.5 feet in Pamlico Sound. Tides have reached over 7 feet during severe storms. This project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 453, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). This docu- ment contains the latest published maps. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $62,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $22,000. (See also emergency maintenance work done on this project under authority of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (Annual Report for 1955).) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Since this is a through waterway, no ter- minal facilities are necessary. Adequate terminal facilities are available at ports on connecting waterways to care for present and prospective commerce over Wallace Channel. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of new work dredging. Between June 12 and 30, 1956, the con- tract dredge Savannah removed 27,000 cubic yards from the chan- nel, at a cost of $12,314. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was about 22 per- 396 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 cent completed. At the end of the fiscal year, the controlling depth was 10.2 feet. Total cost for the Wallace Channel project is $12,314, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- . ------------ ------------------------ .----- $63,000 $63,000 Cost------- ------------ ------------------------ 12,314 12,314 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- - $16, 846 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ _________--------- 16, 846 8. SMITHS CREEK (PAMLICO COUNTY), N. C. Location. Smiths Creek rises in Pamlico County, flows gener- ally southerly, and empties into Neuse River at the town of Oriental, 25 miles southeast of New Bern, N. C. It is about 5 miles long but navigable for only 2 or 3 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 538.) Existing project. This project provides for a rubblemound breakwater starting at a point on the mainland in Oriental and extending 800 feet southwesterly; and an entrance channel in Smiths Creek, 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide, from that depth in Neuse River to and including a basin, generally parallel to the breakwater, 10 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and 800 feet long at Oriental. The total length of the channel and basin is about 5,000 feet. Variations in water level due to winds seldom ex- ceed 2 feet above or below mean stage. Observations of 4 years' duration show that the extreme range of wind tides is 8.3 feet. The Federal cost for new work for the completed project was $113,300. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Excavating basin and removing lumps in entrance H. Doc. 774, 61st Cong., 2d sess. channel. Sept. 3, 1954 Breakwater and definite limits of existing basin at H. Doc. 170, 83d Cong., 1st sess. Oriental. (contains latest published maps). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 16 wharves in this harbor, all of timber construction with pile foundations. They have a frontage varying from 6 to 40 feet, the total frontage being about 400 feet. None have rail connections. One wharf was built by the town and is to be maintained in perpetuity as a public wharf. The re- maining wharves are all privately owned but are generally open RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 397 to the public when not required by their owners. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of new work dredging by contract, and new work construction of rubblemound breakwater. Between February 15 and March 16, 1956, a rubblemound break- water was constructed by contract at a cost of $89,531. Between March 1 and 6, 1956, the contract dredge Savannah re- moved 18,767 cubic yards from the channel at a cost of $9,270. The total costs were $98,801 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted. At the close of the fiscal year, the controlling depth was 10 feet in the entrance channel and basin. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $113,273 for new work and $23,780 for maintenance, a total of $137,053. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated-------- --------------------------------------- $98,801 $113,273 Cost-------------------- ----------------------------------- 98,801 113,273 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- ------------ -.------- ------------ ------------ ----------- 23,780 Cost---- ----------------------------------------------------------------- 23,780 9. WATERWAY CONNECTING PAMLICO SOUND AND BEAUFORT HARBOR, N. C. Location. This waterway begins at the southeast corner of Pamlico Sound, passing southwesterly through Wainwright Slough, Core Sound, and The Straits, to Beufort Harbor, a total length of 33.9 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1233.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide from Pamlico Sound to Beaufort Harbor by way of Wainwright Slough, Core Sound, and The Straits; also for an alternative route of the same width and depth through Back Sound by way of channels at east and west ends of Harkers Island; for a channel 7 feet deep and 75 feet wide from the main channel in Core Sound to the town of Atlantic; for a side channel 5 feet deep, 75 feet wide, with basin 150 feet by 130 feet, same depth, at Davis; for a side channel 7 feet deep, 75 feet wide, with basin 200 feet by 500 feet, same depth, at Sealevel; and for a side channel 6 feet deep, 60 feet wide, with basin 100 feet by about 600 feet, same depth, at Marshallberg. On June 14, 1948, the Chief of Engineers approved transfer of the Taylors Creek reach of this project to the project for Beaufort Harbor, N. C. (H. Doc. 111, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $162,000, exclusive of amounts expended by other agencies. This cost does 398 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 not include the channel and basin at Sealevel, which have been deferred for restudy. However, local interests have petitioned that this modification again be considered as part of the existing project. The cost of this modification was estimated (1955) at $14,000 not including $1,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance for the current project is $13,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Aug. 30, 19352 A 7-foot channel 75 feet wide from Pamlico Sound to H. Doc. 485, 72d Cong., 2d sess. Beaufort Harbor via Wainwright channel. Aug. 26, 1937 A 7-foot side channel 75 feet wide to Atlantic-..-..... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 92, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Channels 7 feet deep, 75 feet wide, at east and west H. Doe. 99, 77th Cong., 1st sess. ends of Harkers Island and side channel 5 feet deep, 75 feet wide, with basin 150 feet by 130 feet, same depth, at Davis. Do-...... A 7-foot side channel 75 feet wide, with basin 200 feet S. Doe. 247, 77th Cong., 2d sess. by 500 feet, same depth, at Sealevel. May 17, 1950 A 6-foot side channel 60 feet wide, with basin 100 feet H. Doe. 68, 81st Cong., 1st sess. by about 600 feet, same depth, at Marshallberg. 1 These documents contain the latest published maps. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program Jan. 3, 1934. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provided that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all necessary rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance, remove all structures from the area to be dredged, release the United States from all claims for damages incident to work of improvement, and pro- vided further that local interests be required to contribute $1,000 toward the cost of dredging the side channel and basin at Sealevel. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provides that respon- sible local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction of the project and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project; and provide at their own expense suitable space for a public landing at Marshallberg, open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. Between Pamlico Sound and the southern end of Core Sound there are 15 small wharves, which are open to all when not required by the owners. Marshallberg has 4 privately owned wharves with about 700 feet of berthing space and a public dock with 200 feet of berthing space. Additional wharves are needed at several of the communities along Core Sound. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging. Between May 19 and June 3, 1956, the contract dredge Savannah removed 36,486 cubic yards from Wain- wright Slough Channel at a cost of $22,844. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 60 percent completed. That portion of the project providing for a through channel from Pamlico Sound to Beaufort was corn- RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 399 menced in August and completed in December 1934; the side chan- nel to Atlantic was commenced in January and completed in Febru- ary 1937; under authority of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved October 17, 1940, a side channel and basin at Sealevel, practically coinciding with the existing project, were dredged to a depth of 6 feet during December 1943 and January 1944, and the side channel and basin at Davis, N. C., were commenced and com- pleted in January 1948. No work has been done on the 7- by 75- foot connecting channels east and west of Harkers Island, the 7- by 75-foot side channel and the basin at Sealevel, nor the harbor and approach channel at Marshallberg. At the end of the fiscal year the controlling depth in the completed portion was 7 feet. The total costs under the existing project for the through water- way and the side channels and basins at Sealevel and Davis to June 30, 1956, including $40,000 public works funds for new work, and $1,000 contributed by local interests, were $250,865, of which $45,188 was for new work and $205,677 for maintenance. The total cost of the side channel to Atlantic, for new work, was $18,585, of which $13,172 was Works Progress Administration funds, and $5,413 was contributed by local interests. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..... .....------------ ------------ ------------------------ ------------ $45,188 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 145,188 Maintenance: Appropriated--...-.. $30,534 $458 $452 $22,820 $23,000 204,833 Cost- 30,534 458 452 22,820 22,844 2204,677 1 In addition, the Works Progress Administration spent $18,585 (of which $5,413 was contributed by local interests) for new work. 2In addition, $1,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ ___ 3 $117, 000 a Includes the following: Connecting channels at Harkers Island ............... ......... ...................------------------------------------- $90,000. Channel and harbor at Marshallberg_ ------------------------------------------ 27,000. 10. MOREHEAD CITY HARBOR, N. C. Location. This harbor is on the northern shore of Bogue Sound, adjacent to Beaufort Harbor and Inlet. New Bern, N. C., the nearest city of importance, is about 43 miles by inland waterways to the north and west. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Chart No. 420.) Previous project. The channel across the ocean bar was formerly improved under the title of Beaufort Inlet, N. C. The project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905 (H. Doc. 563, 58th Cong., 2d sess.) For further details, see page 470 of Annual Report for 1935. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide across the ocean bar at Beaufort Inlet, thence same depth and 300 feet wide to the marine terminals at Morehead 400 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 City, enlarged to 600 feet to form a turning basin at that point; for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 30-foot chan- nel to 6th Street, Morehead City, thence same depth and 200 to 400 feet wide to 10th Street, thence 6 feet deep and 75 feet wide to deep water in Bogue Sound. The average rise of the tide is about 21/ feet at Morehead City and 31/ feet at the inlet. Observations made in 1907 showed an extreme range of 4.8 feet. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the com- pleted project was $613,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The portion of the modification providing for jetties at Beaufort Inlet is considered to be inactive and is ex- cluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1955 and was estimated to be $3,100,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $230,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the wharves H. Doc. 649, 61st Cong., 2d sess. at Morehead City, thence 200 feet wide in front of the wharves. July 3, 1930 Channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the outer H. Doc. 105, 70th Cong., 1st sess. harbor to 6th St. in Morehead City, thence 200 to (contains the latest published 400 feet wide to 10th St., and a channel 6 feet deep map.) and 75 feet wide connecting with Bogue Sound. Aug. 26, 19371 Channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide across the bar Senate Committee Print, 74th at Beaufort Inlet, thence 30 feet deep and 300 feet Cong., 1st sess. wide to the marine terminals at2 Morehead City, and including jetties at the inlei. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program, July 5, 1934, under the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933. 2Jetties on each side of Beaufort Inlet at entrance channel to Morehead City Harbor. Recommended modifications of project. On October 26, 1954, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the Morehead City Harbor project to provide for a bar channel through Beaufort Inlet, 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide, increased to 600 feet at the bend, thence an inner channel 35 feet deep and 300 feet wide to an enlarged turning basin, 35 feet deep, all at an estimated cost of $1,197,000 for construction, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. This report was submitted to Congress by the Secre- tary of the Army on June 10, 1955. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 26 wharves along the main waterfront of the town, with a total frontage of about 1,250 feet. The marine terminals provide 2,731 feet of berthing space with a depth alongside of 27 feet at mean low water, and facilities for transfer of cargoes between rail and water carriers. The exist- ing facilities are considered adequate for existing and prospective commerce. For further details, see Port Series No. 12, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging by contract and by Government plant and hired labor, replacement of survey and dredging ranges by RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 401 Government plant and hired labor, and condition and operations studies. Between November 15 and 29, 1955, the contract dredge Marion removed 41,295 cubic yards from the 6- and 12-foot channels in front of Morehead City, N. C., at a cost of $13,936. Between November 30 and December 12, 1955, the U. S. derrick boat Northeast with hired labor replaced survey and dredging ranges at a cost of $4,457. Between January 12 and February 29, 1956, the United States hopper dredge Gerig removed 564,198 cubic yards from shoals in the ocean-bar channel and the outer end of the inner 30-foot chan- nel at a cost of $166,670. Condition and operation studies cost $4,601. The total costs were $189,664 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted. The part of the existing project providing for a 12-foot channel to Morehead City, thence a 6-foot channel westward to Bogue Sound, was commenced in February 1931 and completed in March 1931; the part providing for the 30-foot channel to the terminals was commenced in November 1935 and completed in August 1936. At the close of the fiscal year a depth of 29.8 feet was available in the ocean-bar channel; 30.0 feet in the 30-foot channel (inside) to the terminals at Morehead City; 12.0 feet from deep water in the outer harbor to the foot of Tenth Street, Morehead City, and thence 6.0 feet westward to Bogue Sound. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $3,139,105, of which $613,107, including $59,630 regular funds and $553,476 public works funds, was for new work and $2,525,998 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ... .....------------------------------------------------------ --- $657,591 Cost---- ----------------- ----------------------------------------------- 657,591 Maintenance: Appropriated.------- $194,000 $102,350 $291, 582 $245,224 $189,700 $2,810,589 Cost ..--------------- 116,439 178,616 223,291 315,316 189,664 2,810,555 1 Includes $44, 484 for new work and $284, 557 for maintenance of previous projects. 11. BEAUFORT HARBOR, N. C. Location. This harbor is just inside Beaufort Inlet adjacent to Morehead City. Harbor. New Bern, N. C., the nearest city of im- portance, is about 43 miles by inland waterways to the northwest. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 420.) Previous projects. The first project on Beaufort Harbor was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 4, 1836. The total cost and expenditure was $5,000 for new work. For further de- tails, see page 1803 of Annual Report for 1915. Another project, "Waterway connecting Core Sound and Beaufort Harbor" (known locally as Taylors Creek), now a part of the existing proj- 402 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ect for Beaufort Harbor, was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 4, 1913. For further details, see page 520 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the stopping of erosion at the inlet by jetties and sand fences at Fort Macon and Shackleford Points and other shore protection; for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water, 100 feet wide in Bulkhead and Gallants Chan- nels and 600 feet wide in front of the town of Beaufort; for the construction of a stone bulkhead from Town Marsh across Bird Shoal to the westerly end of Carrot Island; and for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water, 100 feet wide in Taylors Creek to extend about 2.6 miles easterly from about opposite Marsh Street in Beaufort to Lenoxville Point at North River. On June 14, 1948, the Chief of Engineers approved transfer of the Taylors Creek reach of the project Waterway connecting Pamlico Sound and Beaufort Harbor, N. C., to this project (H. Doc. 111, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The distance from the inlet to the upper end of Gallants Channel is about 5 miles. The average rise of tide is 21/2 feet at Beaufort and 31/2 feet at the inlet. The extreme range of tides is 5 feet. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the com- pleted project was $390,300. The modification providing for in- creasing the size of the basin in front of Beaufort has been de- ferred for restudy; the entire project is thus essentially complete. The latest approved cost for this modification (1955) was $72,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $19,600. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts : Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1881 A 9-foot channel 200 feet wide through Bulkhead Annual Report, 1881, p. 1013. Channel to Beaufort; a 6-foot channel 100 feet wide to North River and Core Sound; and the construc- tion of jetties on Shackleford Point. Mar. 2, 1907 Repairs to Port Macon jetties and additional jetties Specified In act. and shore protection. Mar. 3, 1925 Bulkhead across Bird Shoal-....-------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doe. 8, 68th Cong., 2d sess.' 1 July 3, 1930 Increase in depth to 12 feet in Bulkhead Channel, H. Doc. 776, 69th Cong., 2d sess. Gallants Channel, and in front of Beaufort. Mar. 2, 1945 Increase in width and length of basin in front of H. Doc. 334, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' Beaufort, all to depth of 12 feet. May 17, 1950 Increase in depth to 12 feet and in width to 100 feet H. Doc. 111, 81st Cong., 1st sess.x in Taylors Creek; transfer to Beaufort Harbor project. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, in authorizing the increase in width and length of the basin in front of Beaufort, provided that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, as and when required, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas required for initial work and for subsequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, in authorizing increased deptl and width in Taylors Creek, imposed RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 403 similar conditions of local cooperation, which have been fulfilled. Terminal facilities. There are 50 wharves contiguous to this harbor. They have a total frontage of about 2,000 feet. The existing facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of new work dredging. Between December 9, 1955, and January 17, 1956, the contract dredge Hampton Roads removed 259,213 cubic yards from Taylors Creek at a cost of $67,985. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was essen- tially completed. The deepening of Bulkhead and Gallants Chan- nels and the basin in front of Beaufort was commenced in March and completed in July 1931. At the close of the fiscal year the con- trolling depth in the completed portions was 10.2 feet. The stone jetties and training wall were in fair condition. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $365,307 for new work and $439,524 for maintenance, a total of $804,831. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: .......--------------------------------------------- Appropriated-- $67,985 $390,307 Cost ............ ---------------------------------- ----- 67,985 2 390,307 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $3,908 $168 $1,000 $10,476 .--------- 452,378 Cost----... -......... 3,388 688 148 11,328 - 452,378 for new work and $12,854 for maintenance of previous projects. 2In addition,$25,000 1 Includes $10,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 12. CHANNEL FROM BACK SOUND TO LOOKOUT BIGHT, N. C. Location. This channel extends from a point near the eastern end of Harkers Island, about 8 miles east of Beaufort, through the shallow waters of Back Sound and Lighthouse Bay, to and through Shackleford Banks, and into the Atlantic Ocean at Lookout Bight, and is about 4 miles long. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 420.) Existing project. The project provides for a channel 100 feet wide and 7 feet deep at mean low water from deep water in Back Sound, through Shackleford Banks to deep water in Lookout Bight. The mean range of tide is 3.8 feet in Lookout Bight and 1.3 feet in Back Sound, and the extreme range is 8.2 feet in Lookout Bight and 3.8 feet in Back Sound. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the com- pleted project was $88,300. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $27,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 404 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U, S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Aug. 26, 1937 A 5-foot channel, 50 feet wide, from Back Sound to H. Doc. 251, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Lookout Bight. Mar. 2, 1945 Present project dimensions___._____ .... - H. Doc. 746, 77th Cong., 2d sess.' 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminalfacilities. None. Not required. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance and new work dredging. Between July 9 and October 8, 1955, the contract dredges Bill and Seabay Beach, on maintenance dredging, removed 32,091 cubic yards from the channel at a cost of $14,934. Between March 11 and May 10, 1956, the contract dredge Savannah on new work dredging removed 150,364 cubic yards from the channel at a cost of $63,652 and increased the project dimensions to 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide. The costs were $63,652 for new work and $14,934 for mainte- nance, a total of $78,586. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted. The controlling depth at the close of the fiscal year was 7 feet. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $88,328 for new work and $191,774 for maintenance, a total of $280,102. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated---........ --------------------- ------------ ------------ $63,652 $88,328 Cost---- ------------------------------------------------ 63,652 88,328 Maintenance: Appropriated ------ - $10,000 -$1,659 $300 $13,614 1,734 191,774 Cost ................. 7,729 612 ... -714 14,934 191,774 13. CAPE FEAR RIVER, N. C., ABOVE WILMINGTON Location. This river is formed by the confluence of the Deep and Haw Rivers at Moncure, Chatham County, N. C. Flowing southeasterly, it empties into the Atlantic Ocean at Cape Fear, near the southern extremity of the state. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 426.) Previous projects. Adopted by acts of March 3, 1881, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1805 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 535 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a dredged channel from Wilmington to Navassa (4 miles), 25 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide with a cutoff across Horseshoe Bend and a turning basin 550 feet long and 400 feet in average width at its head; and for a navigable depth of 8 feet at low water from Navassa to the head of navigation at Fayetteville, 115 miles above Wilmington, by con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 405 structing three locks and dams and by dredging river shoals be- tween Navassa and Fayetteville. Data regarding locks and dams are as follows: Distance Distance Maximum Lock and dam Location from Wil- above available Lift mington mouth dimensions Miles Miles Feet Feet No. 1--------------------Kings Bluff ...........-------------- 39 67 200 by 40 11 No. 2_- - Browns Landing ..... 71 99 200 by 40 9 No. 3 ------------ Tolars Landing 95 123 300 by 40 9 Available Year depth on Character of Lock and dam miter sills of founda- Kind of Type of construction com- Actual at low tion dam ple- cost water tion Feet No. 1 --- 9 Sand_..___ Fixed_.... Concrete lock timber crib 1916 1$565,856 dam, rock-filled. No. 2.....------------ 12..do........do ..... Concrete lock, dam rock- 1917 2 909,633 filled. No. 3------------- 9 -... do-........ do-...... Concrete lock, concrete dam. 1935 660,930 1 Includes $96,184 for increasing lift. 2 Includes $356,443 for reconstruction and repairs. The tide ranges from 3.4 feet at Wilmington to 1 foot at Lock No. 1, Kings Bluff, N. C., 39 miles above. The extreme range of lunar tides is 6.4 feet at Wilmington and 1.5 feet at Kings Bluff. The maximum variation due to floods ranges frQm 70 feet at Fayetteville to 5 feet at Wilmington. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the completed project was $2,339,800. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $105,000, including $45,000 for operation and care of three locks and dams. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 The 8-foot channel and construction of 2 locks and H. Doc. 890, 60th Cong., 1st sess. dams. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 30, 19352 Construction of lock and dam No. 3 and repairs and H. Doc. 786, 71st Cong., 3d sess.3 alterations to locks and dams Nos. 1 and 2. Aug. 26, 1937 Present project dimensions from Wilmington to Rivers and Harbors Committee Navassa with cutoff across Horseshoe Bend, and a Doc. 17, 75th Cong., 1st sess. turning basin. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 27, 1933. $ Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 10 wharves between Wilmington and Fayetteville, including the public terminal at that point. They have a total frontage of about 840 feet. The terminals appear to be adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of clearing and snagging with Government plant and hired labor, 406 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 repairs and construction of guard and guidewalls, repairs and bet- terments to locktenders residences, repairs to cutoff dam, mainte- nance dredging, condition and operation studies, and operation and maintenance of three locks and dams. Between July 1 and August 5, 1955, the U. S. derrickboat Northeast with hired labor removed obstructions from the chan- nel and banks in the 8-foot channel to Fayetteville at a cost of $4,354. Between July 1 and August 8, 1955, repairs to guard and guide- walls at locks and dams Nos. 1 and 2 were completed by contract at a cost of $28,505. Between July 1 and October 31, 1955, guard and guidewalls at lock and dam No. 3 were completed by contract at a cost of $55,965. Between July 1 and 30, 1955, repairs and betterments to lock- tenders residences at locks and dams Nos. 1 and 2 were completed by contract at a cost of $7,779. Between October 24 and November 4, 1955, the U. S. derrick- boat Northeast with hired labor removed approximately 45 feet of wooden cutoff dam located about 300 yards upstream of lock and dam No. 1 and replaced the wooden section with new sheetpiling and approximately 6 tons of riprap stone in scoured area along the dam at a cost of $1,423. Between October 10 and November 3, 1955, the rented dredge Marion removed 85,382 cubic yards from shoals in the 8-foot chan- nel to Fayetteville at a cost of $28,946. Removal of trees and debris at lock and dam No. 2 cost $258. Condition and operation studies cost $2,216. The three locks and dams were operated and maintained at a cost of $31,150. The total costs were $160,596 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- pleted. The construction of locks and dams Nos. 1 and 2 and dredging of river shoals were commenced in August 1912 and completed in July 1917. The construction of lock and dam No. 3 and repairs and alterations to locks and dams Nos. 1 and 2 were commenced in January 1934 and completed in July 1935. The dredging of the 25-foot channel to Navassa was commenced in November 1938 and completed in January 1939. The controlling depths are 22 feet from Wilmington to Navassa, 4 miles; thence 18 feet to 9 miles above Wilmington; thence 8.0 feet to Fayette- ville, 115 miles above Wilmington. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $4,786,745 of which $2,339,- 798 (including $1,104,391 public works funds) was for new work, $1,577,273 for maintenance, and $869,674 for operating and care. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 407 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 lune $0,1051 1 1952 New work: Appropriated----------- ------------------------------------------------ $2,488,917 Cost 1------------ --- - - -2,488,917 Maintenance: Appropriated -------..... $95,000 $235,051 $222,000 $323,500 $71,500 2,456,223 Cost----------------- 50,495 89,626 391,217 263,676 160,596 2,455,125 1 Includes $149,119 for new work and $8,178 for maintenance of previous projects. 14. WILMINGTON HARBOR, N. C. Location. Wilmington Harbor, N. C., consists of a dredged ship channel from the ocean across the entrance bar and up the Cape Fear River to the mouth of Northeast (Cape Fear) River, thence 2.75 miles up the latter to a turning basin at the upstream end. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 426.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1829; July 22, 1854; July 11, 1870; March 3, 1873; June 23, 1874; September 19, 1890; June 13, 1902; and March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1804 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 533 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the 35-foot contour in the Atlantic Ocean\ through the ocean-bar channel, thence 34 feet deep and 400 feet wide to the upper end of the anchorage basin (foot of Castle St.) at Wilmington, thence 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Hilton Bridge over Northeast (Cape Fear) River, with increased widths at bends; for an anchorage basin at Wilmington 34 feet deep, 2,000 feet long, 900 feet wide at the upper end, 1,100 feet wide at the lower end, with approaches 1,500 feet long at the upper end and 4,500 feet long at the lower end with some widening of the transition channel at the downstream end; for a turning basin opposite the principal terminals at Wilmington, 30 feet deep, 1,000 feet long, 800 feet wide, with suitable approaches at each end; for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the Cape Fear River, from a point near the eastern entrance of the Intra- coastal Waterway to a connection with the main river channel at a point about 3 miles above; and for a channel 25 feet deep, 200 feet wide, from Hilton Bridge over Northeast (Cape Fear) River to a turning basin of the same depth, 600 feet wide, 11/4 miles above. The plane of reference is mean low water. The length of the deep-draft section under improvement is about 311/4 miles, the upper limit being 11/4 miles above Hilton Bridge over Northeast (Cape Fear) River. The average rise of tide is 4.7 feet at the ocean bar, 3.6 feet at Keg Island, and 3.4 feet at Wilmington. The extreme range of tides is about 8.5 feet at the ocean bar, 7.3 feet at Orton Cove, and 6.4 feet at Wilmington. Hurricane "Hazel," on October 15, 1954, caused an elevation of 8.2 feet (mean low water) at Wilmington and 14.0 feet (Southport datum) at Southport. 408 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1955, is $6,204,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The modifi- cation of the project providing for deepening to 32 feet and widening to 400 feet above Castle Street, except for some widen- ing of the channel and basin at Wilmington, is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of com- pleting this portion, last revised in 1954, was estimated to be $506,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $450,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 A 30-foot project to Hilton 2 Bridge at Wilmington, Rivers and Harbors Committee and a turning basin. Doc. 39, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Increase channel widths from 300 to 400 feet, turning H. Doc. 131, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' basin from 600 to 800 feet, and a channel 12 feet deep, 100 2feet wide, from Inland Waterway to river channels. Do--........ Increase length of southerly approach to anchorage S. Doc. 83, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' basin from 1,500 to 4,500 feet, and increase depth of channel from outer end of ocean bar to Wilming- ton, including turning basin, from 30 to 32 feet.' Do-......... Channel 25 feet deep, 200 feet wide, from Hilton S. Doc. 170, 76th Cong., 3d sess.' Bridge, Northeast (Cape Fear) River, to a turning basin, same depth, 14 miles above. May 17, 1950 Increase depth to 35 feet over ocean bar, thence 34 H. Doc. 87, 81st Cong., 1st sess. feet to upper end of anchorage basin, including anchorage basin, and with some widening of the transition channel at the anchorage basin. 1Contains the latest published maps. 2 Act of July 3, 1930, provided for a 30-foot by 300-foot channel above Castle Street at Wilmington with a basin to same depth, 1,000 feet by 600 feet, and with suitable approaches; subsequent acts of March 2, 1945, increased channel depth to 32 feet, width to 400 feet, and basin width to 800 feet; some widening of channel and basin to 30-foot depth was accomplished under the authorization in H. Doc. 131, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provided that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project. Local interests appear willing and able to fulfill the local cooperation requirements. Terminal facilities. There are 49 wharves of all classes at Wilmington, with a combined berthing space of 15,698 linear feet, and depths of water alongside from 10 to 30 feet at mean low water. Below Wilmington there are 27 wharves, which are con- sidered adequate for present needs. For further details, see Port Series No. 12, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance and new work dredging by contract and by Government plant and hired labor, construction of dikes for dis- posal area by contract, repair of dredging ranges and wharf by Government plant and hired labor, preparation of plans and speci- fications for maintenance and new work dredging and repairs to dam, engineering design, supervision and administration studies for new work, reimbursement to North Carolina State Ports Authority, and condition and operation studies. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 409 Between July 1 and August 19, 1955, the contract dredges Talcott and Savannah removed 262,200 cubic yards from shoals in the anchorage basin and approach channel at a cost of $54,940. Between October 25 and November 3, 1955, the contract dredge Talcott removed 105,014 cubic yards from shoals in front of the North Carolina State Ports Terminal at a cost of $38,412. Between March 1 and April 19, 1956, the U.S. hopper dredge Gerig on new work and maintenance dredging removed 1,080,627 cubic yards from shoals in the ocean-bar channel and the outer river channels at a cost of $128,092 for new work and $38,720 for maintenance. Between March 19 and June 30, 1956, the contractor repaired existing dikes and constructed new sections of dike for Eagle Island disposal area at a cost of $35,846 for maintenance and $10,800 for new work. Preparation of plans and specifications for repairs to New Inlet Swash Defense Dam and maintenance dredging cost $1,911. Repairs to dredging ranges and wharf by Government plant and hired labor cost $3,028. Mobilization of plant and engineering, design, supervision and administration for new work dredging cost $52,658. Reimbursing the North Carolina State Ports Authority for new work dredging cost $58,564. Condition and operation studies cost $7,665. The total costs were $180,522 for maintenance and $250,114 for new work, a total of $430,636. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 87 percent completed. Deepening and widening the river channel to 32 feet by 400 feet, enlarging and deepening the anchorage basin and southern approach thereto, and deepening the ocean-bar channel to 32 feet, were commenced in April 1947, and completed to the foot of Castle Street at Wilmington in May 1949. Dredg- ing the 25- by 200-foot channel and basin in Northeast (Cape Fear) River above Hilton Bridge was commenced in October 1948, and completed in November 1948. Dredging the 12- by 100-foot channel from the Intracoastal Waterway to the ship channel in the river was commenced in November 1948, and com- pleted in December 1948. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depths were 35.0 feet in the ocean-bar channel, 31.0 feet in the river channel up to Castle Street in Wilmington, 29.8 feet to and in the turning basin, 25.0 feet to and in the turning basin in Northeast (Cape Fear) River, and 7.6 feet in the con- necting channel with the Intracoastal Waterway. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $4,353,826 for new work and $7,846,364 for maintenance, a total of $12,200,190. 410 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: --- Appropriated--------........ ------------------------ ------------ ............$557,000 $9,286,326 Cost--------- ----------------- ---------------------------- 250,114 8,979,440 Maintenance: ------ Appropriated........ $304,000 $519,824 $296,820 $230,679 217,916 8,522,539 Cost--------------- 303,415 504,141 221,981 304,728 180,522 8,448,978 1 Includes $4,625,614 for new work and $602,614 for maintenance of previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $304, 186 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957________________________________ 304, 186 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_________________________ 1, 543, 000 15. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Date Cost during reconnaissance Name of project fiscal year or condition survey conducted Beaufort Harbor, N. C. ----------------------------------------- $1,070 April 1956. Belhaven Harbor, N. C........------------------------------------------ 432 January- February 1956. Channel from Pamlico Sound to Avon, N. C. ----------------------- 266 February 1956. ----------------------------------------------- Drum Inlet, N. C..... 722 May 1956. Neuse River, N. C.---------------------------------------------- 293 February 1956. Roanoke River, N. C. ------------------------------------------- 1,110 November- December 1955. Trent River, N. C.---------------------------------------------- 118 February 1956. Total cost during fiscal year.---------------------------------- 4,011 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: --------------------------------............ Appropriated----........ ............ ...------------$5,000 ....... $5,000 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------ 4,011 4,011 RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 411 16. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Bay River, N. C.......................---------------------.... 1950 $44,382 $49,627 (3) 2. Belhaven Harbor, N. 4 C.------------------ 1953 126,687 2,448 (3) 3. Black River, N. C. . 1941 .---------------------- 12,358 36,072 (3) 4. Cashie River, N. C.. ..---------------------- 1950 40,403 15,495 (3) 5. Channel connecting Thoroughfare Bay with Cedar Bay, N. C . ..---------------------- 1950 9,000 15,549 11$30,000 6. Channel from Pamlico Sound to Avon, N. C. 1955 28,000 7,051 (3) 7. Channel from Pamlico Sound to Rodanthe, N. C..............................-------------------------------- 1950 ---------------------------- s 45,000 8. Chowan River, N. C._ 1-------.......... 4 1950---- ,_-------------_- -_ 1130,000 9. Contentnea Creek, N. C. 6 ___1941 6 64, 395 6 32, 247 (3) 10. Drum Inlet, N. C._ _---------___________-- 1953 52,828 153,813 (3) 11. Edenton Harbor, N. 4C.......-_------- - 1950 73,750 2,971 (3) 12. Fishing Creek, N. C. 5_-- -------.--.- 1 _ 1922 22,715 8,633 (3) 13. Harbor of Refuge, Cape Lookout, N. C. 4 .. 1934 1,368,799 32,854 8 9,631,000 14. Lockwoods Folly River, N. C ......-------------- 1950 17,818 13,094 8 148,000 15. Mackay Creek, N. C.--.................. 21938 13,375 4,773 (3) 16. Masonboro Inlet, N. C.7 ... .. 1948 -........... ...------- 85,631 (3) 17. Meherrin River, N. C._ -----.-------.--- 1950 47,734 49,591 (3) 18. Neuse River, N. C. ..-----------------------. 1950 403,066 288,960 940,000 19. Newbegun Creek, N. C.14----------------- 21928 4,802 247 (3) 20. Northeast (Cape Fear) River, N. C ...---------- 1950 10,688 61,139 (3) 21. Pamlico and Tar Rivers, N. C.-------------- 1952 674,651 532,636 (3) 22. Pembroke Creek, N. C.4-------------------1950 1 ---------------------------- 8 15,000 23. Perquimans River, N. C. __ _--_---_-__ _ '1910 13,750 ---------- (3) 24. Roanoke River, N. C.-___ -____- -_ 1954 404,584 244,479 10234,000 25. Scuppernong River, N. C........- ... . 1950 81,164 76,847 (3) 26. Shallotte River, N. C._ 1950 18,181 6,468 (3) 27. Smiths Creek (Wilmington), N. C ...-- ..... 1950 8,507 18 (3) 28. South River, N. C. ------------ __-__ _ 1936 12,452 21,624 (3) 29. Swift Creek, N. C.' 4_ ________-----___ 1940 1,600 5,422 (3) 30. Trent River, N. C.______ -_____-__-_ 1946 115,199 69,787 1 1220,000 31. Waterway connecting Swan Quarter Bay with Deep Bay, N. C. ------------------- 1950 8,551 10,433 1150,000 32. Waterway-Norfolk, Va., to Sounds of N. C. (Wilmington district) 1__ - 2 1946 (2) (2) (3) 1 Channels adequate for commerce. 2Report of Norfolk, Va., district. 3 Completed. 4 No commerce reported in 1950-54. s Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 6 Abandonment of portion above Snow Hill recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.); impracticable to separate incurred costs for this portion of project. 7 Snagging and clearing under section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. 8 Entire project has been classified as inactive; date of last cost estimate, 1955. 9 Completed to practicable limit. Widening of basin at New Bern considered inactive modification with estimated cost of $40,000 (1955). 10Further improvement of river above Palmyra Landing classified as deferred for restudy; date of last cost estimate, 1955; impracticable to separate incurred costs for this portion of project. n Entire project has been deferred for restudy; date of last cost estimate, 1955. 12In addition, local interests are required to contribute up to $5,500 for dredging. 17. NAVIGATION WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing under authority of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized the allotment of not to exceed $300,000 from river and harbor appropriations for any one fiscal year for the removal of accumu- lated snags and other obstructions and for protecting, clearing, and straightening channels in navigable harbors, streams, and tributaries thereof when such work is advisable in the interest of navigation. Maintenance work under the above authority was performed in Wallace Channel in 1949 at a total cost of $35,000; in 1955 this 412 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 channel was again cleared at a cost of $42,368; the total cost of this project has been $77,368. (See Annual Reports for 1949 and 1955 for full report of work accomplished during these years.) Maintenance under the same authority was performed on Masonboro Inlet during 1949-53 at a total cost of $85,631. (See Annual Reports for 1949-51, and 1953 for work performed.) An allotment of $18,300 was made during the fiscal year to do emergency maintenance on the channel from Hatteras Inlet to Hatteras, N. C. Also, an allotment of $6,440 was made to do emergency dredging in Peltier Creek, following and preceding the hurricanes of 1955. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work on the channel from Hatteras Inlet to Hatteras, N. C., consisted of preparation of plans and specifications for emergency dredging. The costs were $727. The work in Peltier Creek consisted of emergency dredging in the entrance channel from the waterway. Between August 29 and September 12, 1955, the contract dredge Callie removed 11,295 cubic yards of material from the channel at a cost of $6,440. Total emergency maintenance costs under this authority were $7,167 during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. All projects under this author- ity are complete with the exception of the channel from. Hatteras Inlet to Hatteras, N. C., on which dredging has not yet started. The emergency work on Peltier Creek is considered interim maintenance and does not materially affect the status of this existing modification to the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway proj- ect, providing for the 12-foot project in Peltier Creek. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- _ _____-__ -$369 --------- $43,000 $24,108 $187,739 Cost ... ..... _ __ ....... - ---- 944 ---_ - 42,368 7, 167 170,166 18. PASQUOTANK RIVER, N. C. Location. The work covered by this project is adjacent to that portion of Pasquotank River in Newland Township, Pasquotank County, N. C., northwest of Elizabeth City, N. C., between points about 38 and 45 miles above Albemarle Sound. Existing project. This provides for flood control on Pasquo- tank River by construction of a low dike, with gates in Newland Canal and Shepard Ditch, extending from U. S. 158, below the Gates-Pasquotank County line, about 3.1 miles northeastward and eastward through the swamp, terminating at a local canal about 2,100 feet southwest of the Pasquotank River. The estimated Federal cost of construction, made in 1956, is $50,000. The FLOOD CONTROL--WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT 413 project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 306, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Local interests will provide maintenance. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of the preparation of plans and specifications for construction of dikes in the Tadmore Section, Newland Township, Pasquotank County, N. C., at a cost of $7,765. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of dikes has not been started; a contract was awarded for $32,579. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------ ------------------------------------ $53,000 $53,000 Cost --- 7,765 7,765 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----- $12, 656 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------- 12, 656 19. GOLDSBORO, NEUSE RIVER, N. C. Location. The work covered by this project is on that portion of Neuse River near Goldsboro, N. C., between points 94.8 and 102.5 miles above New Bern, N. C. Existing project. This provides for a cutoff channel for the control of floods, about 6,400 feet long, across the bend in Neuse River just above mile 95. The cost of construction to the Federal Government for the completed project was $50,400; the estimated costs to local interests are $12,500. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,500. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 327, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance work consisted of repairing three washouts in the dike of the cutoff channel. Between September 14 and October 3, 1955, the contractor filled and repaired three washouts along the dike in the cutoff channel in Neuse River near Goldsboro, N. C., at a cost of $2,948. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The project was commenced in September 1947 and completed in May 1948. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $50,430 for new work and $3,700 for maintenance, a total of $54,130. 414 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------------------------------- ------------ $50,430 Cost- - - . . - --..--.. - - - -50,430 Maintenance: Appropriated ............... - - -...... .. $750 950 $2, 3,700 Cost-- ----.---.__-...........----__ - 560 192 $2,948 3,700 20. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Contentnea Creek, N. C. ------------------- 1940-1942 4$42,300 (1) (3) 2' Tar River, N. C.__-------------------------1939 1 81,266(3) 3. Tar River and tributaries, N. C. ----------- _1942 and 641,284 (1) (3) 1947 4. Trent River, N. C.1- _-_-_-_ _-_-_ 1953 649,769 (1) (a) 5. White Oak Levees, Cape Fear River, (Bladen County), N. C.2_________________ _____ 1947 (2) $36, 460 (2) 1 Work accomplished under authority of section 2 of Flood Control Act of August 28, 1937, and as amended; project completed, no authority exists for maintenance. 2 Work accomplished as maintenance of local flood-protection project under authority of section 5 of Flood Control Act of August 18,1941. = Completed. 4 In addition, $11,070 of Works Progress Administration funds were expended. 5In addition, $6,610 of Works Progress Administration funds were expended. 6 In addition, $15,000 of contributed funds were expended. 21. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, as amended by section 13 of the Flood Control Act of July 24, 1946, and further amended by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, authorizes an allotment not to exceed $2,000,000 from the flood-control appropriations for any one fiscal year, for the re- moval of accumulated snags and other debris from, and clearing and straightening of channels in, navigable streams and tribu- taries thereof, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such work is advisable in the interest of flood control, provided that not more than $100,000 shall be expended for this purpose for any single tributary from the appropriations for any one fiscal year. An allotment of $18,000 was made during fiscal year 1955 for clearing and snagging on New River, Onslow County, N. C., be- tween miles 26.0 and 30.5. This additional part of the project was completed with this allotment, bringing the total Federal cost of clearing and snagging on New River to $51,896. Total Federal costs under the above Act have been: Contentnea Creek, $42,300; Tar River and tributaries, $41,284; Trent River, $49,769; and New River, $51,896; a total of $185,249. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-WILMINGTON, N.C., DIST. 415 Operationsand results during fiscal year. Between October 17, 1955, and February 14, 1956, Government plant and hired labor snagged and cleared the New River, Onslow County, N. C., of obstructions between miles 30.5 and 26.0, a total of 4.5 miles, completing the work authorized. 'The costs and expenditures were $18,000. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is completed. The total costs and expenditures to June 30, 1956, were $51,896 for this project. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated....__ . $49,896 -$231- ...... .. ....... $18,000 $185,249 Cost-__ -- 19,465 30,304-- - -- _-- 18,000 185,249 Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation.) Advance preparation for flood emergencies. An allotment of $1,000 was received during the fiscal year for major revisions to the District Flood and Emergency Manual. The complete manual, dated June 1956, has been revised and will be reissued as soon as practicable. The total costs were $995 during the fiscal year. An allotment has been requested for work on the manual during the 1957 fiscal year. 22. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS An allotment of $400 was made, under the simplified allotment procedure, for navigation studies during fiscal year 1956. No funds were expended. This unexpended balance, plus $146 un- obligated from fiscal year 1955, a total of $546, will be applied to work on several small navigation reports during the 1957 fiscal year. An allotment of $21,400 was received for work on the Cape Fear River flood-control report. A total of $17,944 was expended on this report to June 30, 1956. The unexpended balance of $3,456 will be used to continue work on the report during the 1957 fiscal year. There was an unexpended balance of $1,185 from the allocations for a beach erosion cooperative study. A total of $774 was expended on this study, leaving an unexpended balance of $411 on June 30, 1956. This will be applied to work on this report during the 1957 fiscal year. Under Public Law No. 71 (84th Cong., 1st sess.) approved June 15, 1955, special hurricane studies were authorized for areas along the North Carolina coast. Special reports for Carolina and Wrightsville Beaches, and a general appraisal report of other areas, are planned. Allocations totalling $20,000 were received during fiscal year 1956; a total of $18,110 has been expended on 416 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 these reports. The unexpended balance of $1,890 will be applied to continued work on them during the 1957 fiscal year. Total costs for examinations and surveys during the fiscal year were $36,828; the balance unexpended June 30, 1956, $6,303, will be expended during the fiscal year 1957; additional allotments will be necessary to complete the flood-control study and hurricane study reports during the fiscal year. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN-THE CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT This district comprises all of South Carolina (except the local watersheds draining into the Savannah River), western-central North Carolina, and a very small portion of southwestern Vir- ginia. It embraces the drainage basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean between Little River and Port Royal Sound, except the watersheds of Mackay and Skull Creeks, and excluding Hilton Head Islahd. It includes the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway in the same reach. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- 8. Yadkin River, N. C-------- 428 way between Norfolk, Va., 9. Wilkesboro Dam, Yadkin and the St. Johns River, Fla. River, N. C--------------429 (Charleston District)------- 417 10. Other authorized flood-control 2. Georgetown Harbor, S. C 419 projects_----------------- 429 3. Charleston Harbor, S. C -___ 421 11. Flood-control work under spe- 4. Shipyard River, S. C 424 .--------- cial authorization---------- 430 5. Port Royal Harbor, S. C- 426 6. Navigation projects on which General Investigations reconnaissance and condi- tion surveys only were con- 12. Examinations and surveys 430 ducted during the fiscal year-- .-.-----.. --- _ 427 7. Other authorized navigation projects-----------------428 1. ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (CHARLESTON DISTRICT) Location. This section of the waterway begins at Little River near the North and South Carolina State line, and extends generally southerly along the coast of South Carolina to Winyah Bay, 62 miles; thence 63.5 miles to Charleston; thence 84.5 miles to and including Port Royal Sound; a total distance of 210 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 835, 836, 837, and 838.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 613, Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water and not less than 90 feet wide from Little River to and including Port Royal Sound, with a branch channel of the same dimensions to McClellanville, a total of 210 miles; and for the construction of three bridges crossing the waterway in Horry County, S. C. The mean range of tide at Little River is 5 feet; Winyah Bay, at Georgetown, 3.3 feet; at Charleston, 5.1 feet; and at Port Royal Sound, 7.2 feet. The cost for new work in completing the existing project, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, was $7,346,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $207,600. An authorized anchorage basin near Myrtle Beach, S. C., is 417 418 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The estimated cost of the basin, as last revised in 1954, was $17,100. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports Sept. 19, 1890 Channel from Minim Creek to Winyah Bay--------- Annual Report, 1889, p. 1184. June 13, 1902 Channel from Charleston to a point opposite Mc- H. Doe. 84, 56th Cong., 1st sess., Clellanville. and Annual Report, 1900, p. 1908. Mar. 2, 1907 Branch channel to McClellanville_ Annual Report, 1903, p. 1133. Mar. 2, 1919 Extending the channel to Minim Creek, thence H. Doc. 178, 63d Cong., 1st sess. through the Estherville-Minim Creek Canal to Winyah Bay. Mar. 3, 1925 Cut across the Stantee Delta at Four Mile Creek _. H. Doc. 237, 68th Cong., 1st sess. Do-....... Widening and deepening the waterway from Charles- S. Doc. 178, 68th Cong., 2d sess. ton to Beaufort. July 3, 1930A waterway 8 feet deep and 75 feet wide from Cape H. Doc. 41, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Fear River to Winyah Bay. Aug. 30, 19351 Construction of bridges across the waterway in Horry Rivers and Harbors Committee County, S. C. Doc. 14, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 19352 Cutoff between Ashepoo and Coosaw Rivers-.... H. Doc. 129, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Do 1- ___ Enlarging the channel from Winyah Bay to Charles- Rivers and Harbors Committee ton, including the branch channel to McClellan- Doc. 11, 72d Cong., 1st sess. ville, to depth of 10 feet and bottom width of 90 feet. Aug. 26, 1937 Increasing dimensions of waterway to 12 feet deep Rivers and Harbors Committee 8 and 90 feet wide. Doc. 6, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Anchorage basin 125 feet wide, 335 feet long, 12 feet H. Doc. 327, 76th Cong., 1st sess. deep, near Myrtle Beach, S. C.4 1 Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Included in Emergency Relief Administration program May 28, 1935. 3 Contain latest published maps. 4 Inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except for conditions applicable to the basin in House Document 327, 76th Congress, 1st session, which require that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, as and when required, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance; and give assurances, satisfactory to the Secretary of War, that they will provide and maintain suitable mooring piles, walkways, and road connections open to the public without cost, and will provide and operate servicing facilities for recreational craft, open to all on equal and reasonable terms, all as may be required by the Secretary of War. Terminal facilities. There are rail-water terminals at George- town, Charleston, Yonges Island, and Port Royal, and numerous open-pile wharves mostly for shipping agricultural products, fish, oysters, and pulpwood. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Cherokee performed maintenance dredging by contract during September 1955 in 3 shoaled areas in the section Little River to Enterprise, S. C., removing 62,786 cubic yards of material at a cost of $35,757; the pipeline dredges Baker C and Cherokee per- formed emergency maintenance dredging by daily rental con- tract during September and October 1955, restoring project di- mensions in 3 shoaled areas in the section Little River to Enter- prise, S. C., at a cost of $15,484. The pipeline dredge Clinton performed maintenance dredging by contract to restore project depth in 3 shoaled areas in the section Winyah Bay to Charleston, S. C. and in 5 shoaled areas in the section Charleston to Port RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 419 Royal Sound, S. C., removing 375,341 cubic yards of material at a cost of $92,003. The cost of surveys and supervision was $3,734. The total cost for the year was $146,978 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted. That portion of the existing project providing for a chan- nel 12 feet deep and 90 feet wide was completed in 1940. The bridges in Horry County were completed in 1936. Surveys dur- ing May and June 1956 showed a controlling centerline depth at local mean low water of 10 feet between Mile 342 at Little River, S. C. and Mile 552, Port Royal Sound, S. C. Surveys during June 1956 showed a controlling depth of 7.0 feet in the branch channel to McClellanville, S. C. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year for new work have been $4,011,951 from regular funds, $3,259,294 from public works funds, and $74,643 from emergency relief funds, a total of $7,345,888. The costs to the end of the fiscal year for maintenance have been $5,019,507 from regular funds, $13,308 from public works funds and $54,916 from emer- gency relief funds, a total of $5,087,731. The total cost for all work has been $12,433,619. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work Appropriated----------------------------------------------------------- $7,455,378 Cost--__ -- ------ ----------- 7,455,378 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- .. .. $185,195 $4,473 $165,161 - $269 $146,978 5,157,153 Cost ---------------- 178,142 11,771 155,723 9,169 146,978 5,157,153 1 Includes $109,490 for new work and $69,422 for maintenance for previous projects. 2. GEORGETOWN HARBOR, S. C. Location. On the coast of South Carolina, 50 miles northeast of Charleston Harbor and 90 miles southwest of the entrance to Cape Fear River, N. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 787.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882; August 5, 1886; and June 25, 1910. For further details see page 1806 of Annual Report for 1915,. page 549 of Annual Report for 1938, and page 442 of Annual Report for 1944. Existing project. This provides for a channel 27 feet deep from that depth in the Atlantic Ocean to and including a turning basin in Sampit River, 600 feet wide across the outer bar and in the gorge and 400 feet wide thence to a turning basin at the head of the project via a cutoff across the peninsula in Sampit River, a total distance of 17.9 miles, with a side channel 2,400 feet long and not less than 250 feet wide leading to a turning basin at the upper end of the built-up portion of the city waterfront, widened at the bends, to be secured and maintained by two jetties of stone on brush mattresses, springing respectively from North and South 420 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Islands, the north jetty having a length of 11,139 and the south jetty 21,051 feet. The project also provides for the continued maintenance to a depth of 18 feet for a width of 400 feet of the bypassed portion of Sampit River opposite the city of George- town. The cost to the Federal Government for new work in completing the existing project was $4,615,903. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $326,000. The mean range of tide at Georgetown is 3.3 feet; spring tides have a mean range of 3.9 feet. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 Jetties and earthen dike to protect south jetty- ..... H. Ex. Doc. 258, 48th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1885, pp. 1154-1170, and H. Ex. Doc. 117, 50th Cong., 2d sess., and An- nual Report, 1889, pp. 1110-1115. June 25, 1910 Previous project channel dimensions and training H. Doc. 398, 58th Cong., 2d sess., wall. and Annual Report, 1904, pp. 1591-1609. Mar. 2, 1945 27-foot channel from ocean, including a turning basin H. Doc. 211, 76th Cong., 1st sess. in Sampit River. (oontains latest published map). June 30, 1948 Cutoff and side channel in Sampit River...... .. S. Doc. 21, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities at the port of Georgetown served by this improvement consist of 4 wharves of ordinary timber construction, 1 of creosoted-timber construction, suitable for oceangoing vessels, and a number of smaller wharves and landing places. These are considered adequate for the present commerce of the port. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Clinton performed maintenance dredging by contract during February and March 1956 to a depth of 26 feet for a 300-foot width in a 1.43 mile reach in upper Winyah Bay and in Sampit River from its mouth by the cutoff to the head of the project, including a turning basin and widening at a bend, removing 851,678 cubic yards of material at a cost of $167,414. The cost of surveys and supervision was $2,498. The total cost for the year was $169,912. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in July 1951. The jetties were completed in 1903-04. The crest elevations range from 8 to -4 feet and are as much as 12 feet below their original height. Dikes of various forms have been built to protect the South Island beach and the shore end of the south jetty. Surveys in March 1956 showed a controlling depth of 26 feet at mean low water for a 400-foot width from the ocean to the Gorge Channel, thence 25 feet for a 300-foot width through the Gorge and lower eastern channel, thence 23.5 feet for a 300-foot width to the head of the project via Sampit River cutoff. The side channel and turning basin have a controlling depth of 4 feet. Centerline surveys made during October 1955 showed a RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 421 controlling depth of 8.5 feet in the bypassed portion of- Sampit River. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year have been $4,615,903 for new work and $3,736,072 for mainte- nance, a total of $8,351,975. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .....-------- ------------ ______ ---- _ _ ___________ _ $7,061,755 Cost---------------- $15,013 -------- ------------------------------------ 7,061,755 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- 781,898 $192,077 $207,649 $265,208 $169,912 3,850,628 Cost ------------- 606,475 370,254 205,299 269,055 169,912 3,850,628 F Includes $2,445,852 for new work and $114,556 for maintenance for previous projects. 3. CHARLESTON HARBOR, S. C. Location. On the coast of South Carolina, about 15 miles southerly of the midpoint of the coastline, 50 miles southwest of Winyah Bay, S. C., and 80 miles northeast of the mouth of the Savannah River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1239 and 470.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852; June 18, 1878; August 11, 1888; March 3, 1899; June 25, 1910; August 8, 1917; and July 18, 1918. For further details, see page 1808, Annual Report for 1915; page 579, Annual Report for 1926; page 562, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for commercial purposes a channel 35 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide from the sea to the inner end of the jetties, thence 600 feet wide to the navy yard, and thence 400 feet wide to Goose Creek, a total distance of 21.9 miles, with a turning basin 700 feet wide at the port terminals, to- gether with a channel 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide through Town Creek; also a channel in Shem Creek 10 feet deep and 110 feet wide from a flared entrance from Hog Island channel to and including a turning basin 130 feet wide and 400 feet long with the upper end 250 feet upstream of the Mount Pleasant public wharf. The estimate of cost for new work (1956), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $2,115,777. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $668,400. The existing project includes the maintenance of two entrance jetties completed in 1895 under previous projects. These jetties are of stone on log-mattress foundation, the north jetty 15,443 feet long and the south jetty 19,104 feet long; the distance be- tween their axes at the outer end is 2,900 feet. The height as originally built, except the submerged inner portions and the gap left in the south jetty, was 12 feet above mean low water for the greater part of their length. The project also provides for the following works, which were authorized to be prosecuted only as found necessary in the inter- 422 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ests of national defense, and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate: a. A 40-foot channel, 1,000 feet wide from the sea to the inner end of the jetties, described above, thence 600 feet wide to the south pier at the navy yard, and thence 1,000 feet wide to the Commandant's wharf. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1926, and was estimated to be $3,603,000. b. An anchorage area 30 feet deep in the water area between Castle Pinckney and Fort Moultrie. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $2,604,200. The mean tidal range is 5.2 feet, though this is increased to 7 or 8 feet under the influence of northeast winds or prolonged storms. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 18, 1878 2 jetties 1-_ Annual Report, 1878, pp. 553-572. .----------------------------------- Aug. 8, 1917 Increase in depth to 30 feet with width of 500 feet be- H. Doc. 288, 62d Cong., 2d sess. tween the jetties and 1,000 feet seaward thereof. July 18, 1918 The 40-foot channel to the navy yard. (Act provided H. Doc. 1946, 64th Cong., 2d sess., that the 40-foot channel should not be undertaken pt. 1, pp, 21-29, 57, 58, and 61-63. "until the proposed new drydocks at this navy yard, carrying a depth of 40 feet or water over the blocks, has been authorized." This dock was authorized in the Naval Appropriation Act ap- proved July 1, 1918 (40 Stat. L. 725). Jan. 21, 1927 A 30-foot channel from the sea to Goose Creek via H. Doc. 249, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Cooper River, together with a 30-foot channel through Town Creek, for commercial purposes. The act also provided that the 40-foot channel be prosecuted only as found necessary for national defense. Oct. 17, 1940 The 35-foot channel depth from the sea to the head H. Doc. 259, 76th Cong., 1st sess. of the project via Cooper River and Town Creek, also a channel in Shem Creek to Mount Pleasant, 110 feet wide and 10 feet deep, including a turning basin at the upper end. Mar. 2, 1945 An anchorage area 30 feet deep in the water area be- H. Doc. 156, 77th Cong., 1st sess. tween Castle Pinckney and Fort Moultrii.2 Sept. 3, 1954 Deepen the 30-foot channel north and east of Drum S. Doc. 136, 83d Cong., 2d sess. Island to 35 feet. (contains latest published map). 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 For national defense. Local cooperation. This project authorized in the River and Harbor Act of October 17, 1940 (H. Doc. 259, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), is subject to the requirements that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable spoil-disposal areas as and when required for initial work and for subsequent main- tenance. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Piers and slips extend for about 1 mile along the eastern waterfront of the city of Charleston, and an additional mile is covered by marginal wharves. The South Carolina State Ports Authority operates the terminal at Columbus Street, large piers near Market Street, and operates the beltline railway serving all wharves and warehouses, and connecting with trunklines entering the city. Modern facilities are also at the Southern Railway coal pier and the wharves of the Standard Oil Co., the Charleston Shipyards, Inc., the Seaboard Air Line Rail- road, the Southern Railway Co., and the Concentration Ware- house and Compress Co. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 423 On Cooper River above the navy yard a compress and ware- house company has a marginal wharf 750 feet long; the Texas Corp., the Sinclair Refining Co., and the Cooper River Terminals, Inc., maintain piers at their properties; and the South Carolina State Ports Authority operates a large terminal capable of berth- ing four cargo vessels. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. For further details, see Port Series No. 13, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredges Admiral and Barlow performed dredging by contract dur- ing the period July 1955 to January 1956 in the inner harbor as follows: Maintenance dredging by both dredges during the period of July to December 1955, to provide a realined channel 35 feet deep for a 600-foot width, widened at bends, bypassing shoal No. 7, removing 4,517,491 cubic yards of material at a cost of $892,130; new work dredging by Barlow during December 1955 and January 1956, to deepen the existing channel north and east of Drum Island from 30 to 35 feet, removing a total of 1,110,888 cubic yards of material at a cost of $200,000. The U. S. hopper dredge Gerig and hired labor performed maintenance dredging during October and November 1955 to project depth for an 800- foot width in the entrance channel for a reach extending 3.1 miles seaward from just inside the outer end of the jetties and at shoals A and B in the southeast end of the channel bypassing shoal No. 7, removing 1,608,342 cubic yards of material at a cost of $150,816. During April 1956, the Gerig and hired labor, per- formed maintenance dredging over a two mile reach in the north- east edge of the entrance channel, removing 137,168 cubic yards of material at a cost of $38,993. The pipeline dredge Cherokee restored project depth by contract during June 1956 for a width of 90 feet, in Shem Creek, removing 82,269 cubic yards of ma- terial at a cost of $25,091. Preliminary work in connection with maintenance dredging during the fiscal year 1957 at shoals 5A, 6, and 6A in Cooper River and Town Creek was accomplished at a cost of $12,177. A claim was paid in September 1955 on work performed by contract by the pipeline dredge Admiral during April-June 1955 in Cooper River at shoal 5A (realined channel) at a cost of $39,519. The Waterways Experiment Station began the work of repro- ducing a limited number of copies of appendices 1, 2, and 3 of the report of the model study to reduce maintenance dredging in Charleston Harbor. Costs in connection with the model and pro- totype studies were $3,691. Field surveys and borings and labor- atory work in connection with foundation analyses of three im- permeable contraction dikes to reduce maintenance dredging were completed and office work on the design of the dikes was con- tinued, all at a cost of $29,382. Costs for this work were $33,073. The cost of surveys and supervision was $4,883. The cost for the year was $200,000 for new work and $1,196,682 for mainte- nance, a total of $1,396,682. Condition at end of fiscal year. The jetties protecting the en- 424 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 trance channel across the bar were completed in 1895. The existing project was completed during January 1956 except for the national defense portions of the project. Surveys during the latter part of the fiscal year in the entrance and Cooper River channels showed a controlling depth of 35 feet for a 600-foot width from the 35-foot contour in the ocean to the north end of Drum Island; thence 34 feet for a 400-foot width to the head of the project except at shoals 5A and 6 where the controlling depth is 31.5 feet for a 400-foot width. A survey in Shem Creek during June 1956 showed a controlling depth of 10 feet for full project width. The costs of the existing project have been $2,057,964 from regular funds and $57,813 from public works funds, a total of $2,115,777 for new work, and $8,257,882 from regular funds and $56,087 from public works funds, a total of $8,313,969 for main- tenance; a grand total of $10,429,746 exclusive of $600 con- tributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 2 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------ $200,000 $8,702,232 Cost--- ----------------------------------------------- 200,000 8,702,232 Maintenance: ------ Appropriated..... $609,394 $531,162 $561,557 $1,201,623 639,067 8,956,471 Cost ---------------- 656,277 734,380 591,697 420,655 1,196,682 8,715,958 1 Includes $6,586,455 for new work and $401,989 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition $600 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. 4. SHIPYARD RIVER, S. C. Location. This waterway is a salt water tidal tributary of Charleston Harbor, S. C. It has its source about one-half mile below the United States navy yard, whence it flows southerly about 3 miles and empties into Cooper River about three-fourths mile above Drum Island. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 470.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 25, 1912 ;March 3, 1925; July 3, 1930; August 30, 1935; and August 26, 1937. For further details of previous projects, see page 610, Annual Report for 1932, and page 463, Annual Report for 1944. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide, widened at the entrance, from deep water in Cooper River to the vicinity of the plant of the Pittsburgh Metallurgical Co., with a turning basin 30 feet deep opposite the Gulf Oil Corp. terminal and a turning basin 30 feet deep at the upper end of the project. The mean tidal variation is 5.2 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, was $487,824. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $165,400. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 425 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Channel depths of 12 and 20 feet_ ---------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee, Doec. 13, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 20, 1935 28-foot channel from Cooper River to the Gulf Oil Rivers and Harbors Committee, Corp.'s terminal, and the deepening of the channel Doc. 43, 73d Cong., 2d sess. above that point to 20 feet from the depth of 12 feet previously authorized without local cooperation. Aug. 26, 19371 Enlargement of the channel to a depth of 30 feet and Rivers and Harbors Committee, a width of 200 feet up to the Gulf Oil Corp.'s termi- Doc. 38, 75th Cong., 1st sess. nal, with a turning basin 30 feet deep at the latter point. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Extension of the existing 30-foot channel to vicinity H. Doc. 93, 79th Cong., 1st sess. of the Pittsburg Metallurgical Co. plant, with a turning basin at the upper end. 1 Included in Emergency Relief Administration program, May 28, 1935. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In the lower three-quarter mile of the channel are the large marginal wharves of the Gulf Oil Corp., and the Shipyard River Terminal Co., the latter handling chiefly fertilizer and fertilizer materials. These wharves accommodate deep-draft, oceangoing vessels. On the upper channel is the Pittsburgh Metallurgical Co.'s wharf for handling ores. Operations and results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Admiral completed restoration of project dimensions by contract over the entire project on July 17, 1955, removing 412,101 cubic yards of material at a cost of $72,244. The pipeline dredge Cherokee restored project dimensions by contract over the entire project during March and April 1956, removing 341,230 cubic yards of material at a cost of $80,426. The cost of surveys and supervision was $1,033. The total cost during the year was $153,703 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted during June 1951. After-dredging surveys during May 1956 showed a controlling depth of 30 feet. The costs to the end of the fiscal year have been $456,260 from regular funds and $31,564 from emergency relief funds, a total of $487,824 for new work; and $1,680,127 from regular funds for maintenance, a total of $2,167,951. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: -------.. Appropriated-...... -- ------------------------ ------------ ------------ $491,974 Cost------- ------------------------------------------- --------------- 491,974 Maintenance: Appropriated -------... $124,513 $92,388 $123,933 $144,067 $83,051 1,680,127 Cost--------------- 122,213 93,943 121,516 76,576 153,703 1,680,127 1Includes $4,150fornew work forprevious projects. 426 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 5. PORT ROYAL HARBOR, S. C. Location. On the coast of South Carolina 57 miles southeast of Charleston Harbor and 18 miles northeast of the entrance to Savannah River, Georgia. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 571.) Existing project. This provides for a channel from the ocean through Port Royal Sound to Port Royal, S. C., 27 feet deep and 500 feet wide across the ocean bar and in Port Royal Sound for approximately 13.2 miles, thence 24 feet deep and 300 feet wide in Beaufort River and Battery Creek for approximately 7.5 miles to and including a turning basin 27 feet deep and 600 feet wide opposite the wharf of the Charleston and Western Carolina Railway. The estimate of cost of new work revised in 1956 is $901,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate of annual cost of mainte- nance is $136,000. The mean range of tide at Port Royal is 7.2 feet; spring tides have a range of 8.7 feet. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, in accordance with plans contained in H. Doc. 469, 81st Congress, 2nd session. Local cooperation. Requires that responsible local interests give assurance satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas where neces- sary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the work; and (c) install and maintain without cost to the United States suitable additional terminal facilities as required, open to all on equal terms. Requirements (a) and (b) have been met, and improved ter- minal facilities are in the planning stage. Terminal facilities. Existing terminal facilities at the head of the project will need renovation and enlargement. Operations and results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Admiral performed new work dredging by contract during March, April, May, and June, 1956, completing a channel 26 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the 25-foot contour in Battery Creek between Port Royal Sound and the town of Port Royal, S. C., a distance of 5,250 feet; thence a turning basin 29 feet deep, 1,200 feet long and 600 feet wide opposite the Charleston and Western Carolina Railway in Port Royal Harbor, removing 553,321 cubic yards of material at a cost of $192,676. Work preparatory to dredging the entrance channel and three shoals with the U. S. hopper dredge Gerig and hired labor, in- cluding the installation of ranges and buoys, was performed at a cost of $80,872. The total costs during the year were $273,548 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The new work portion of dredging to be done by contract was completed in June 1956. No dredging has been accomplished beyond a point 1 mile from the inner harbor. The latest surveys show a natural depth of 19 R[VERS AND HARBORS--CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 427 feet from the sea to the completed portion of the project in the inner harbor. The costs to the end of the fiscal year have been $273,548 from regular funds for new work. The total cost was $273,548. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -----..-------- $500,000 $500,000 Cost ----- ------------------------------------------------ 273,548 273,548 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-___ __ ________ $222,638 6. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Date Cost during reconnaissance Name of project fiscal year or condition survey conducted 1. Ashley River, S. C..................------------------------------------------. $1,575 January 1956. 2. Santee R iver, S. C .- _.. -. ......- _ ...... . .____.__ ........ 417 A pril 1956. Total cost during fiscal year ---------------------------------- 1,992 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance : . Appropriated...------------------------------------------------ $1,992 $1,992 Cost---------------- .............. -------------------------------------- 1,992 1,992 Ashley River, S. C .............................................----------------------------------------------------------- $1,575 Santee River, S. C .-----.... 417 .....--------------------------------------------------------.. Total.................................................----------------------------------------- $1,992 428 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 7. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Abbapoola Creek, S.C.'-----------------_ 1947------ ---- - $17,000 2. Ashley River, S. C... --------------------- ..... 1955 $260,996 $499, 337 (3) 3. Beresford Creek, S. C.'--_ -------------- 1947-- .-------- _----------- 32,000 4. Congaree River, S. 1C.1 5_ __-_-__. 1950 364,824 541,860 170,000 5. Edisto River, S. C. _-_-___ ___ 1938 33,103 900 (3) 6. Great Pee Dee River, S. C... ...---------------- 1950 183,712 269,673 (3) 7. Little Pee Dee River, S. C.1 2 5__-_-_-_ 1919 19,550 25,650 31,000 8. Lumber River, N. C. and S. C. 6- __ 1897 19,000 .--------------- 16,000 9. Lynch River and Clark Creek, S. C.1 2 ... 1910 9,500 ......... (3) 10. Mingo Creek, S. C.1' __---_--____-------1950 29,050 7,150 (3) 11. Russell Creek,S. C.__----------_ 1 ------------ 1947 ......--------..----...........--------------.. 24,000 12. Salkahatchie River, S. C. 2 --------- 1896 15,841 .........--------------. () 13. Santee River, S. C._------------ .....4 - 1950 99,750 178,544 (') 14. Waccamaw River, N. C. and S. C. -.-.. 1950 262,814 197,813 (3) 15. Wateree River, S. C.1---------------------_ 1940 60,000 151,784 (3) 16. Yadkin River, N. C.1 2 5 ___________ _ 1892 102,809 - ___ 5,000 1 No commerce reported. 2 Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 3 Completed. 4 Curtailment recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). SInactive. Latest cost estimated revision in 1953. 6 Inactive. Latest cost estimated revision in 1897. 8. YADKIN RIVER, N. C. Location. The Yadkin River rises on the eastern slope of the Blue Ridge Mountains in Western North Carolina, flows generally northeasterly 100 miles to the vicinity of Donnaha, N. C., thence southeasterly 104 miles to a point near Badin, N. C., at its con- fluence with the Uwharie River where its name changes to the Great Pee Dee River. (See U. S. Gological Survey map of North Carolina.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the construction of 4 flood-control dams in the upper Yadkin River basin, 2 on the Reddie River tributary and 2 on the Yadkin River above Wilkesboro, N. C. Studies made subsequent to the authorization act have indicated the economic advantage of providing the needed flood-control storage in 2 reservoirs, 1 on the Reddies and 1 on the Yadkin, rather than in 4 reservoirs as originally planned. Present planning considers only the two-dam plan. The estimated costs for the dams were revised in 1956 and are shown below Dams and Reservoirs Estimated cost Name River Construction Lands Relocations Total Wilkesboro Dam_ ... Yadkin -- _. $7,857,000 $613,000 $660,000 $9, 130,000 Reddies River Dam.--------- Reddies------- --------------------------- 3,370,000 Local cooperation. None required. Although both the Reddies River and Wilkesboro Dams are authorized, the Reddies River Dam is presently considered to be in FLOOD CONTROL-CHARLESTOWN, S. C. DISTRICT 429 an inactive status and will not be discussed further except to note that $131,500 has been expended in planning the project and a Definite Project Report thereon was completed in March 1950. An individual report on the Wilkesboro Dam follows. 9. WILKESBORO DAM, YADKIN RIVER, N. C. Location. The Wilkesboro Dam site is on Yadkin River, about 6 miles upstream from Wilkesboro, North Carolina. At full flood-control pool elevation, the reservoir will extend 15.7 miles up the Yadkin River to the Wilkes-Caldwell County line. Existing project. The existing project for the Yadkin River was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. A review report dated August 14, 1953, established that modifica- tion of the authorized multiple-reservoir plan to provide a single reservoir at the Wilkesboro site would be more economical. The estimated cost, revised in 1956, is $7,857,000 for construc- tion, $613,000 for land, and $660,000 for relocations and right-of- way: A total of $9,130,000. Local Cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. A topographic sur- vey was made of the Wilkesboro dam site and foundation ex- ploration consisting of 901 feet of core drilling was accomplished. Aerial photographs were taken of the reservoir area and maps were prepared. A land evaluation of the required reservoir area was completed. An economic survey was made of the area that would be afforded protection by the Wilkesboro project. The total cost for work accomplished during the year was $33,332. Condition at end of fiscal year. A detailed revaluation of the benefit-cost ratio of the Wilkesboro Dam on the basis of present development and current prices was completed June 15, 1956. The cost for new work for Wilkesboro Dam to June 30, 1956, has been $33,332. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------------------------------- -------------- - $34,000 $165,500 Cost----------------- --------- --------------- --- ----------- 33,332 164,832 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------------------ $668 10. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Edisto River, S. C. .-----------------------. 1947 $6,379 -------------- $288,600 1Authorization expired. Local cooperation not forthcoming in 5 years. 430 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 11. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of Flood Control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act) . Location. Simpson Creek rises about 2 miles southeast of Loris, S. C., and flows in a southeasterly direction for about 10 miles into the Waccamaw River about-2 miles east of Red Bluff, S. C. and about 69 miles above its mouth at Winyah Bay. (See U. S. Geological Survey, Nixonville Quadrangle (1942). Existing project. This provides for clearing, .snagging and dredging the creek from its mouth, mile 0.0, to East Bear Branch, mile 7.5, as authorized by the Secretary of the Army, pursuant to section 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act, Code 902-314, at an estimated cost of $95,000. Operations and result during fiscal year. A 3,500-foot reach of drainage canal and 0.8 mile clearing and snagging of Simpson Creek project was completed by rental equipment during June 1956, at a cost of $11,574. Surveys and other Government cost was $8,123. The total cost for the year was $19,697 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. A reach of 1.5 miles of com- bined clearing, snagging, and dredging was completed which affords improved runoff conditions and reduces severity of flood- ing of adjacent farmlands. Cost and financial summary LOCAL PROTECTION, SIMPSON CREEK, TRIBUTARY OF WACCAMAW RIVER, S. C. Fiscal year ending June 30 STotal to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated......------------------------------------------------............ $80,000 $80,000 Cost------- --------- 19,697 ....--------------------------------------- 19,697 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----------------------------------------- $31, 098 LOCAL PROTECTION, SNAGGING AND CLEARING WACCAMAW RIVER, N. C. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -- .. .....------------------------------------ $45,000 -$12,914 $32,086 -------- Cost................. ------------------------------------ 30,798 11,288 32,086 1 Final cost of work completed in fiscal year 1955. 12. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost and expenditures of navigation studies during the year were $7,561. The costs and expeditures of flood-control studies during the year were $2,160. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 431 The unexpended balance June 30, 1956, of $4,139 for naviga- tion studies plus an anticipated allotment of $1,900 for navigation studies and $21,000 for flood control, a total of $27,039 will be applied during the fiscal year 1957, to the payment of expenses to be incurred under these headings. The costs and expenditures during the year were $15,000 for making a comprehensive investigation on hurricanes and asso- ciated problems in conjunction with the preparation of an interim report on an 8.5-mile reach at Myrtle Beach, S. C., and an ap- praisal report of the South Carolina coastline, under provisions of sections 1, 2, and 3 of Public Law No. 71, 84th Congress, 1st session. An anticipated allotment of $30,000 will be applied during the fiscal year 1957 to the payment of expenses to be incurred for con- tinuation of the study and preparation of the reports. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT This district comprises a very small portion of southwestern North Carolina, western South Carolina, eastern Georgia, and a small portion of northeastern Florida embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean between Port Royal Sound, S. C., and the harbor at Fernandina, Fla. It includes the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway between these points. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- 8. Hartwell Reservoir, Savannah way between Norfolk, Va., River Basin, Ga. and S. C_ 447 and the St. Johns River, Fla. 9. Clark Hill Reservoir, Savan- (Savannah District) __--_ 433 nah River Basin, Ga. and 2. Savannah Harbor, Ga.------ 436 S. C-- 450 3. Savannah River below 10. Other authorized flood-control Augusta, Ga_------- 441 projects-_ -_____ 451 4. Fernandina Harbor, Fla- 444 11. Inspection of completed flood- 5. Navigation projects on which control works-------------451 reconnaissance and condi- 12. Flood-control work under spe- tion surveys only were con- cial authorization ..---------- 452 ducted during fiscal year_- 446 6. Other authorized navigation General investigations projects---_ _ ___--__ 446 13. Examinations and surveys_.. 452 Flood control 14. Research and development . 452 7. Savannah River Basin, Ga. and S. C---------------- 447 1. ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (SAVANNAH DISTRICT) 'Location. This section of the waterway connects Port Royal Sound, S. C., with Fernandina, Fla. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 838-841, inclusive.) For Cumberland Sound to St. Johns River section, see page ? Previous projects-between Savannah, Ga., and Fernandina, Fla. Previous improvements in this section were authorized by River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882; August 11, 1888; July 13, 1892, and March 3, 1905. For further details, see pages 1814, 1821-1823, Annual Report for 1915, and page 585, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water and not less than 90 feet wide between Port Royal Sound, S. C., and Savannah, Ga.; for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water, with widths of 90 feet in landcuts and narrow streams and 150 feet in open waters, between Savannah, Ga., and Fernandina, Fla., to follow in general the alinement of the existing waterway, except for such cutoffs or other changes in the route as may be found desirable and justified by the resultant benefits to navigation; and for a suitable anchorage basin at Thunderbolt, Ga. The total distance from Port Royal Sound, S. C., to Fernan- dina, Fla., is 165 miles. The project also provides for the follow- ing: (1) removing logs and snags from Generals Cut, Ga.; (2) an 433 434 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 alternative and more protected route 7 feet deep at mean low water from Doboy Sound to Brunswick Harbor, via Darien River, Three Mile Cut, Altamaha River, One Mile Cut, Buttermilk Sound, Mackay River, Back River, Clubbs Creek, and Plantation Creek; (3) a protected channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide around St. Andrews Sound, extending from the main route of the waterway in Jekyll Creek through Jekyll Sound, Little Satilla River, Umbrella Cut, Umbrella Creek and its south branch, through Dover Cut to Dover Creek, thence up Dover Creek and through a narrow neck of land to Satilla River, thence through a land cut south of Todd Creek and through Floyd Creek to the main route of the waterway in Cumberland River; (4) a channel 5 feet deep at mean low water and 50 feet wide to connect Baileys Cut to Satilla River and Dover Creek, Ga., (5) a loop 8 feet deep at mean low water to reach the wharves at the southern end of Cumberland Sound; (6) an alternative route 9 feet deep and 150 feet wide in that part of Frederica River, Ga., not now traversed by the main route, at no additional cost to the United States. In general, the work is to be accomplished by dredging, supplemented by training walls as necessary. The mean tidal range between Port Royal, S. C., and Fernandina, Fla., is from 6 to 8 feet, with fluctuations from 11/2 to 21/ feet, due to winds and lunar phases. The project has been completed at a cost of $763,599 for new work, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $188,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 435 Acts Work authorized Documents BEAUFORT, S. C., TO SAVANNAH, GA., SECTION June 3, 1896 Route No. 2 adopted .--------- --------- ------- H. Doc. 295, 53d Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 3, 1899 Route No. 1 adopted --------------------------- Do.' July 25, 1912 Provided for Archer Creek (this route now aban- H. Doc. 513, 62d Cong., 2d sess. doned). SAVANNAH, GA., TO FERNANDINA, FLA., SECTION July 13, 1892 Original 7-foot channel. .... H. Doc. 41, 52d Cong., 1st sess. ...------------------------ Mar. 3, 1905 Provided for Skidaway Narrows_ H. Doc. 450, 58th Cong., 2d sess. July 25, 1912 Incorporated alternative routes previously improved H. Doc. 1236, 60th Cong., 2d sess. 1 as separate projects and the auxiliary channels. CUMBERLAND SOUND, GA., AND FLA., TO ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA., SECTION Mar. 4, 1913 For a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide--------- H. Doc. 898, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 Consolidation of the 3 sections, shown above, into "Waterway between Beaufort, S. C., and St. Johns River, Fla." BEAUFORT, S. C., TO CUMBERLAND SOUND, GA., AND FLA., SECTION Mar. 2, 1919 Removing logs and snags from Generals Cut__-.... H. Doc. 581, 63d Cong., 2d sess.' Do _-...__ Improving Back River to provide a channel 7 feet H. Doc. 1391, 62d Cong., 3d sess. deep and 150 feet wide. Mar. 3, 1925 Channel 75 feet wide between Beaufort, S. C., and S. Doc. 178, 68th Cong., 2d sess. Savannah, Ga. July 3, 1930 Channel from Baileys Cut to Dover Creek_---------_ S. Doc. 43, 71st Cong., 2d sess.' Aug. 26, 1937 A 7-foot protected channel around St. Andrew Sound_ Senate committee print, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' Do_- .... A 12-foot channel between Beaufort, S. C., and Rivers and Harbors Committee Savannah, Ga., via Beaufort River and Port Royal Doc. 6, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Sound. June 20, 1938 A 12-foot channel between Savannah, Ga., and H. Doc. 618, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Fernandina, Fla., various cutoffs; and anchorage basin at Thunderbolt, Ga. Mar. 2, 1945 An alternate route 9 feet deep and 150 feet wide in H. Doc. 114, 77th Cong., 1st sess. that part of Frederica River, Ga., not now trav- ersed by the main route, at no additional cost to the United States. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Exclusive of terminal facilities at the ports of entry, this improvement serves numerous wharves, some of which are open to the public on equal terms. These facilities are considered ample for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Be- tween January 28 and March 1, 1956, the contract dredge Hampton Roads removed 590,779 cubic yards of material from the main route of the waterway (North River Crossing, mile 653.2 to 653.4 and mile 653.6 to 653.9; Buttermilk Sound, mile 663.0 to 663.7; and Jekyll Creek, mile 681.5 to 681.7 and mile 682.1 to 684.9) at a cost of $129,542. Office engineering, miscellaneous reports, condition and operation studies with Government plant and hired labor cost $11,342. The sum of $2,800 was charged to absorb the debit balance in the revolving fund for design of a district snagboat, construction of which was subsequently cancelled. The total cost for maintenance was $143,684. Condition at end of fiscal year. The main 12-foot channel of the existing project was completed in 1941. The 7-foot protected route around St. Andrew Sound was completed in 1939. The train- ing walls and closure dams were completed in 1912, and are in 436 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 satisfactory condition. All other improvements were completed in 1932. Since March 1943, the previous route of the Intracoastal Water- way, through the westerly end of South Channel and the northerly end of Wilmington River, has been superseded by the route through the Elba-McQueens Island Cut and the northwesterly end of St. Augustine Creek. The former route will be maintained to a depth of 7 feet for traffic moving from Savannah to points south of Savannah Harbor and for northbound traffic from southern points below Savannah Harbor to Savannah, Ga. In April 1956, the main route had a controlling depth of 12 feet or more except as follows: Ramshorn Creek (mile 568.3 to 569.0), 11 feet; Walls Cut (mile 572.5), 8 feet; Fields Cut (mile 573.4 to 573.8), 9 feet; St. Augustine Creek (mile 578.5), 10 feet; Wilmington River (mile 579.3 to 579.7), 10 feet; Hell Gate (mile 602.0), 11 feet; Florida Passage (mile 607.5), 11 feet; DoBoy Sound (mile 649.2), 10 feet; Altamaha Sound (mile 658.0 to 658.1), (mile 658.4 to 658.7), 10 feet; Buttermilk Sound (mile 663.1 to 663.6), 11 feet, and St. Simon Sound (mile 677.2 to 677.8), 11 feet. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $763,599 for new work and $4,317,682 for maintenance, a total of $5.081,281. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----------...---- --------------------------------- ------------ $958,096 Cost_----_ ----------- - ------------------------------ 958,096 Maintenance: Appropriated -. -$46,900 $233,263 $7,000 $11,000 $143,500 4,452,480 Cost- 82,530 224,718 15,099 14,312 143,684 4,452,480 1Includes $194,497 for new work and $134,798 formaintenance forprevious projects. 2. SAVANNAH HARBOR, GA. Location. The entrance is 75 statute miles south of Charleston Harbor, S. C., and 70 statute miles north of Brunswick Harbor, Ga. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 440.) Previousprojects. Adopted by specific acts of Congress May 18, 1826; March 3, 1855; August 7, 1856; and by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873; June 23, 1874; September 19, 1890; June 3, 1896; and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1810, An- nual Report for 1915, and page 578, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This consists of eliminating the regulating dam across South Channel, relocating the inland waterway in the vicinity, further extending training walls, revetments, and jetties, and providing for: a. Channels 36 feet deep and 500 feet wide across the ocean-bar between stations 245 and 194, 9.7 miles; thence 34 feet deep and generally 400 feet wide, increased to 550 feet opposite the Atlantic Coast Line terminals, between stations 194 and 94, with turning basins 34 feet deep at the Mexican Petroleum Corp. refinery and above the Georgia Ports Authority terminal, 18.9 miles; thence 30 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 437 feet deep and 200 feet wide to a point 1,500 feet below the Atlantic Coastal highway bridge, with turning basins 30 feet deep in the vicinity of the Atlantic Creosoting Co. terminal and at the upper end of the project, 2.45 miles; a total length of 31.05 miles; and with such modifications thereof as the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers may consider desirable. b. Enlargement of contracted portions of the channel and such enlargements of the channel as may be necessary to smooth out abrupt changes and for otherwise improving the hydraulic condi- tions with a view to reducing shoaling. c. The maintenance of the channels, anchorage basins, enlarge- ments at Drakies Cut, Kings Island, West Broad, and Barnard Streets, mooring dolphins near Fort Oglethorpe, and the existing training walls and jetties. The plane of reference is mean low water, which varies for differ- ent parts of the harbor. The mean range of tide is 7.6 feet at the upper end of the harbor and 7.1 feet at the lower end. Extreme ranges are about 10.5 feet and 11 feet, respectively. Tides below mean low water occur 6 or 7 times a month and minus 2-foot tides occur from 6 to 8 times a year. The improvement has increased the mean tidal range by about 2.8 feet at the upper end. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $9,110,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,500,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 438 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents June 23, 1874 Regulating works_ _ . _ ____..___... . ___.. . Annual Report, 1873, p. 747. Mar. 2, 1907 Tentative provision for a 26-foot channel from the H. Doc. 181, 59th Cong., 1st sess. quarantine station to the Seaboard Air Line Ry. bridge. June 25, 1910 Definite provision for the 26-foot channel............. July 25, 1912 A 21-foot channel from the Seaboard Air Line Ry. H. Doc. 563, 62d Cong., 2d sess. bridge to the foot of Kings Island. A 30-foot depth from the sea to the quarantine station._ H. Doc. 1471, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 Jan. 21, 1927 Do...... A 21-foot channel above Kings Island_ -- Channel 30 feet deep, with general width 500 feet, H. Doc. 261, 69th Cong., 1st sess. H. Doec. 262, 69th Cong., 1st sess. from the ocean to the quarantine station, thence 26 feet deep, general width 400 feet, to the Seaboard Air Line Ry. bridge, thence 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Kings Island. Widening at West Broad and Barnard Sts.; anchor- age basin; mooring dolphins; regulating dam across South channel; relocation of the inland waterway; dredging Drakies Cut to 13 feet; widening to 525 feet at Kings Island; extension of training walls, revetments, and jetties. Consolidation of projects relating to Savannah Harbor. July 3, 1930 Channel 26 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the Sea- S. Doc. 39, 71st Cong., 1st sess. board Air Line Ry. bridge to the foot of Kings Island. Aug. 30, 1935 Authorized the 30-foot project and eliminated from H. Doc. 276, 73d Cong., 2d sess. the project; (a) the regulating dam across South channel; (b) the relocation of the inland waterway; and (c) the further extension of training walls, revetments, and jetties. Mar. 2, 1945 Deepening the channel and turning basin above the H. Doc. 283, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' Seaboard Air Line Ry. bridge from 26 to 30 feet and widening the channel opposite the Atlantic Coast Line terminals to a maximum of 550 feet for a length of 5,000 feet. Nov. 7, 1945 Deepening the channels to 36 feet deep and 500 feet H. Doc. 227, 79th Cong., 1st sess.' wide across the ocean bar between stations 245 and 194; 34 feet deep and generally 400 feet wide, in- creased to 550 feet opposite the Atlantic Coast Line terminals, between stations 194 and 103, with a turning basin 34 feet deep at the Mexican Petro- leum Corp. refinery; and with such modifications thereof as the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may consider desirable. July 24, 1946 Extending channel 30 feet deep, 200 feet wide, up- H. Doc. 678, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' stream from Atlantic Creosoting terminal to a point 1,500 feet below the Atlantic coastal highway bridge, with turning basin 30 feet deep at upper end. Sept. 3, 1954 Deepening the channel to 34 feet and 400 feet wide H. Doec. 110, 83d Cong., 1st sess.' from the upper end of the presently authorized 34-foot channel in the vicinity of the Mexican Petroleum Corp. refinery to a point above the Georgia Ports Authority terminal (station 94+670) with turning basin 34 feet deep at upper end. 1Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Acts approved November 7, 1945, and July 24, 1946, impose the conditions that local interests shall: (1) Provide free of cost to the United States, all lands and rights-of-way required for the initial construction and subsequent maintenance when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works. The mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah on August 5, 1955, resolved to act as local assurer in securing necessary spoilage easements in Savannah Harbor. The conditions imposed on the local assurer by these acts have been complied with to date. The River and Harbor Act approved on September 3, 1954, in authorizing the construction of the new turning basin and exten- sion of the 34-foot channel further required that "local interests provide, free of cost to the United States, and prior to the initia- tion of any construction work, all lands, easements, rights-of-way and spoil areas necessary for this improvement and for the subse- RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 439 quent maintenance of the entire project." At the beginning of the fiscal year, the mayor and aldermen had in their possession a "Twenty-five year spoilage plan, Savannah Harbor, Ga." which set forth the requirements of local cooperation. During the year, the city has procured for the United States a perpetual easement for the use of Barnwell Island (approximately 460 acres), has provided through condemnation action a court order of possession of approximately 5,051 acres of land (CA 3490, United States v. Pinckney, McLaws, Missroon, et al.) indemnified by the city through a surety bond in the amount of $70,000, and has granted a perpetual easement to Kings Island. All requirements have therefore been met except for (a) an area known as the Rourke Estate, which the city has signified will be obtained by condemnation and (b) a portion of Hutchinson Island for which a 20-year easement is required, and for which only short-term easements have been available. In this latter case and failing to secure 20-year easements, the city has offered to procure alternate areas which have been approved. In the past, the city of Savannah and the Savannah District Authority have acted in good faith, and the present efforts are evidence of their intent to achieve full compliance with the law at the earliest practicable date. Terminal facilities. There are 48 piers and wharves to serve waterborne commerce of the port. These facilities, with the use of dolphins, have a combined berthing space of 28,054 feet, with depths of water alongside ranging from zero to 34 feet at mean low water. Five of these terminals are opposite the city on Hutchin- son Island; the remaining 43 are on the south side of the river between 3 miles below and 6.8 miles above the center of the city. Thirteen piers and wharves are operated by railroads, 6 by oil companies, 2 by coal companies, 5 by ship repair companies, 14 by various private industries, and 1 by the Georgia Ports Authority. The site of a former shipyard has been acquired by the city of Savannah for future development of industrial sites. There is a large municipal wharf at the center of the city. All have railway and highway connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. For further details, see Port Series No. 14, Corps of Engineers (revised 1954). Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: The United States hopper dredge Gerig did maintenance dredging in the outer harbor during the period July 1 to July 29, 1955, remov- ing 450,636 cubic yards of material at a cost of $95,073. The United States pipeline dredge Henry Bacon operated in the inner harbor during the period July 1, 1955, to May 25, 1956, removing 7,845,545 cubic yards of material at a cost of $795,517. Increas- ing height and cross section of existing spoil-impounding dikes cost $49,250. Dragging and sweeping the inner harbor channels, by hired labor, cost $22,494. Miscellaneous reports, mapping, inspections, condition and operation studies cost $118,336. In- cluded in this amount is $78,740 for the model study of Savannah Harbor of which $67,859 was for construction and operation of the model. The sum of $3,046 was charged to absorb the debit 440 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 balance in the revolving fund for design of a district snagboat, con- struction of which was subsequently cancelled. Engineering, design, supervision, and administration cost $7,103. The total cost for maintenance was $1,090,819. The following tabulation shows the name of plant, sections of the harbor over which work was performed, yardage removed, and method of dredging: Cubic yards removed, Name of channel Station to station regular dredging Dredge Gerig: Tybee Knoll --------------------------------------- 202-207 450,636 Dredge Bacon Kings Island_-------------__ _-__ _______-____ _ 103-107 878,425 Marsh Island-_-----__ __.- __. __---------_ 107-117 1,749,021 City Front ______..____......................... ....... 117-127 2,403,591 Wrecks_ ______ -____ -__ - -__- - ______ -____________-_ 127-135 2,216,514 5-Fathom Hole-_. ___- -------- _ --- -____-_________ 135-139 313,344 Obstructions _______...... ______ ___ ____.............._ _ 139-144 284,650 Total cubic yards removed ____ _____ ____________ ___________ -______ 8,296,181 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 95 percent completed. The 30-foot channel and extension of the harbor above the Seaboard Air Line Railroad bridge was completed February 5, 1948. The 34-foot channel was completed January 7, 1953. The 36-foot bar channel was completed April 15, 1951. The previous 30-foot project from the sea to old quarantine station was completed in 1930, and the rest of the 30-foot channel in 1937. That part of the previous 26-foot channel from the Seaboard Air Line Railroad bridge to the foot of Kings Island was completed in 1931; the rest, from the foot of Kings Island to the Atlantic Creo- soting wharf, including the turning basin opposite the Savannah Sugar Refinery's wharf, in 1937. Crosstides channel was closed with a hydraulic fill in 1937. The anchorage basin and mooring dolphins near Fort Oglethorpe were completed in 1926; of the 10 dolphins originally constructed, all have been destroyed. The chan- nel enlargements at Drakies Cut, Kings Island, and at West Broad and Barnard Streets, were completed in 1931, 1929, and 1924, respectively. Whitehall channel training wall was completed in 1929 and was replaced by three spur dikes in 1937; these spur dikes are in good condition. Fig Island training wall was raised and extended in 1940 and is in good condition. Long Island training wall hydraulic fill was completed in 1931 and other training walls and jetties prior to 1929, and are in fair condition. The work remaining to complete the project consists of construction of bank protection and extension of permeable dikes in the upper reaches of the harbor and deepening the channel to 34 feet and 400 feet wide from the presently authorized 34-foot channel to a point above the Georgia Ports Authority terminal with a turning basin at upper end. In May 1956, least depths in midchannel for half-project width at mean low water were 33 feet from the sea to Blinker 24 (in the vicinity of Fort Pulaski) ; thence 30 feet to the Mexican Petroleum Corp.; thence varying from 28 feet to 12 feet at the extreme upper RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 441 limits of the harbor. The turning basins had the following con- trolling depths: Kings Island Turning Basin, 34 feet; Whitehall Turning Basin, 30 feet; Port Wentworth Turning Basin, 19 feet in the lower half and 12 feet in the upper half. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been $8,693,978 for new work and $25,484,532 for maintenance, a total of $34,178,510. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .......-------- $245,000 -$21,546 -$2,900 -$14,236 ....-- -..... $15,954,362 Cost ------ -- 219,372 15,700 9,618 -265 ------------ 15,954,362 Maintenance: Appropriated_ _ -... 887,400 1,289,439 1,310,000 1,120,750 $1,099,000 25,789,635 Cost --________..... . 920,194 1,121,640 1,196,887 1,403,635 1,090,819 25,783,426 1 Includes $7,260,384 for new work and $298,894 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project______________ $416, 022 3. SAVANNAH RIVER BELOW AUGUSTA, GA. Location. This river is formed by the confluence of the Tugaloo and Seneca Rivers on the northwestern part of the South Carolina- Georgia boundary line. It flows southeast 314 miles, forming the boundary line, and empties into the Atlantic Ocean 16.6 miles below Savannah, Ga. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of South Caro- lina and Georgia.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. A subdivision between new work and maintenance is not possible. For further details see page 1813, Annual Report for 1915 and page 581, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. Provides for a channel 9 feet deep and 90 feet wide (at ordinary summer flow, which corresponds to a dis- charge of 5,300 second-feet at Augusta, Ga., with the Clark Hill powerplant in operation), from the upper end of Savannah Harbor to the head of navigation at Augusta, 3 miles above Fifth Street Bridge, about 199 miles. The improvement is to be obtained by construction of one lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff, use of contraction works, closure of cutoffs, bank protection, dredging, removal of snags, overhanging trees and wrecks, and open-river regulation. The mean tidal variation at the mouth of the river is 7.1 feet. The freshet variation above the normal pool level (elevation 114.5 mean sea level) of the New Savannah Bluff lock and dam at the head of the improvement is ordinarily about 13 feet with an extreme of 34 feet. Pertinent data for the lock and dam are given in the following table: 442 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Lock and dam at New Savannah Bluf Nearest railroad station - Augusta, Ga., 13 miles. Distance above mouth of river 203 miles. Lock dimensions-- 56 by 360 feet. Lift of lock ______________________________ Depth on lower miter sill at low water ---..... 12.3 feet. Depth on upper miter sill at normal pool level__ 13.5 feet. 12.7 feet. Character of foundations-- Piles in sand, clay, and gravel. Kind of dam- -- Fixed.1 Type of construction______________________ Concrete. Completed --- 1937. Total cost $1, 473, 812. 10. 1 Five steel vertical-lift crest control gates, set between concrete piers and resting on concrete sill. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $6,982,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $110,000, including $33,800 for operating and care. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 For a 5-foot channel __--------------------------- H. Doc. 255, 51st Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1890; p. 1328. June 25, 1910 Special improvement by bank-protection work of 20 H. Doc. 962, 60th Cong., 1st sess. or 25 miles of the river immediately below Augusta. July 3, 1930 The present 6-foot channel project and the lock and H. Doc. 101, 70th Cong., 1st sess. dam. Aug. 30, 19351 Provision made for locating the lock and dam at New Senate committee print, 73d Cong., Savannah Bluff. 2d sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Conditions of local cooperation modified, ----- __- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 39, 75th Cong., 1st sess.2 May 17, 1950 Provides for a 9-foot channel_ .__-------------------- S. Doc. 6, 81st Cong., 1st sess. 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 27, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The project provides that local interests fur- nish, without cost to the United States, all necessary rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent mainte- nance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from any damage resulting from construction and maintenance of the improvement; and provide and maintain adequate terminal and transfer facilities, including a suitable public terminal at Augusta, Ga., open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. The only water terminals served by this improvement are at Augusta and at or near Savannah. The city of Augusta owns and operates, on equal terms to all, a wharf and warehouse; a short distance below this terminal the Pure Oil Com- pany has a terminal (storage capacity of 27,500 barrels) for berth- ing and discharging oil barges; The Texas Company has under con- struction a terminal for berthing and discharging oil barges; and just outside the eastern city limits is the Merry Brothers Brick and Tile Company's terminal. This company also has terminal facili- ties at Savannah. At Savannah there is one municipal wharf and a State dock suitable for berths for river steamers, open to the public on equal terms. In addition, there are extensive facilities RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 443 at Savannah, privately owned, for oceangoing and smaller vessels. Along the river there are numerous natural landings without wharves or railway connections. The terminal facilities are con- sidered ample for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Ex- tension and repair, by contract, of the bank revetment on the South Carolina side of the river immediately below the lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff was initiated and completed during the year. The cost was $54,431. The United States nonpropelled crane barge No. 1 with towboat Piasi did maintenance snagging during the period July 1 to October 18, 1955, removing 1,844 snags between mile 65 and mile 129 and mile 148 and mile 202. The cost of snagging was $21,172. Office engineering, miscellaneous re- ports, inspections, and condition and operation studies with Government plant and hired labor cost $6,346. The sum of $467 was charged to absorb the debit balance in the revolving fund for design of a district snagboat, construction of which was subse- quently cancelled. The minimum daily flow of the river at New Savannah Bluff lock and dam during fiscal year 1956 was 3,580 cubic feet per second. Minimum weekly flow was 4,200 cubic feet per second. The minimum daily and weekly flows of record prior to 1955 were 1,105 and 1,220 cubic feet per second, respectively. Powerplants with storage on the river are Clark Hill Dam, a Federal multipurpose project 22 miles above Augusta; the Stevens Creek Plant, 9 miles above Augusta; and the 6 plants of the Georgia Power Company on the headwaters. From the time that filling of the Clark Hill Reservoir was begun in December 1951 until the second generating unit was placed in operation in February 1953, a flow of about 3,000 cubic feet per second or bet- ter was maintained 95 percent of the time. Since that time the flow releases from Clark Hill have been those resulting from the operation of the project in the interest of flood control, navigation and hydroelectric power, which provides a minimum flow of 5,300 cubic feet per second at the Butler Creek gage for navigation. The severe drought during 1954 and 1955 necessitated reducing the flow below 5,300 second feet. Maintenance (operating and care) : The lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff was operated, and ordinary repairs and improve- ments were made to the structure and appurtenant works, at a cost of $26,954. The total cost of work from regular funds was $109,370, of which $82,416 was for maintenance and $26,954 for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 39 percent completed. The lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff was completed in 1937 and is in good repair. In general, the open- channel works are in fair condition; a few of the structures are in need of repairs; however this work will be accomplished by the authorized modification to the existing project. The controlling depth was 5 feet or greater 100 percent of the fiscal year and 6 feet or greater 75 percent of the fiscal year. These depths corre- 444 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 spond to discharges of 4,100 second-feet and 5,300 second-feet respectively at the Butler Creek gage. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as follows: Deepen the channel to 9 feet and widen to 90 feet between the upper end of Savannah Harbor and the present head of navigation at Augusta, Ga. The cost of the project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: Regular funds Public works funds Total Costs: Construction_---------------------_ - $1,117,237 $1,634,562 $2,751,799 Operation and maintenance ....... 1,897,166 ---------------------- 1,897,166 Operation and care ....------------------- 525,747 _--------------------- 525,747 Total -----.....---------------- 3,540,150 1,634,562 5,174,712 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ......------------ Appropriated-------- $2,845,279 Cost...------............------------------------------------------------------------ 2,845,279 Maintenance: Appropriated------ $52,000 $71,000 $20,000 $102,800 $66,907 2,423,196 Cost 49,701 __----------------__ 70,289 30,066 63,799 109,370 2,422,912 1Includes $93,480 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ _ _ _ _ _ $4, 230, 200 4. FERNANDINA HARBOR, FLA. Location. The harbor entrance is 221/2 statute miles north of the entrance to Jacksonville Harbor, Fla., and 95 statute miles south of the entrance to Savannah Harbor, Ga. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 453.) Exising project. This provides for two stone jetties at the har- bor entrance, the north jetty 19,150 feet long and the south jetty 11,200 feet long; for a channel 32 feet deep at mean low water from deep water in the Atlantic Ocean to deep water at the junction of Lanceford Creek with Amelia River, 400 feet wide below Calhoun Street in the city of Fernandina, and generally 300 feet wide above; and for widening the channel at the first bend below Lance- ford Creek to 800 feet to form a turning basin. The length of the section included in the project is about 7 miles. The mean tidal range on the bar is 5.8 feet and in the inner harbor 6 feet, with minor fluctuations due to wind and lunar effects. The cost of new work is $3,287,000. Deepening the channel and turning basin to 32 feet is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1955, and was estimated to be $283,000. The latest (1956) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $40,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 445 Acts Work authorized Documents June 14, 1880 Entrance jetties-___ -- __....____.___ Annual report, 1879, p. 792. July 13, 1892 Raising and extending jetties so as to provide 19-foot Annual report, 1891, pp. 1565-1598. depth. Annual report, 1896, p. 1289. Mar. 2, 1907 Improvement of inner harbor to obtain depth of 20 H. Doc. 388, 59th Cong., 1st sess. to 24 feet and channel widths of 400 to 600 feet. June 25, 1910 Combining improvement of Fernandina Harbor and Cumberland Sound under the general heading of "Fernandina Harbor." Mar. 3, 1925 Provided for a 26-foot channel------------------- H. Doc. 227, 68th Cong., 1st sess. June 20, 1938 Provided for the 28-foot channel and turning basin_. H. Doc. 548, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Provided for reducing the maximum width of the H. Doc. 284, 77th Cong., 1st sess. turning basin from 1,000 to 800 feet, for shifting the (contains the latest published channel line in this vicinity 50 feet northwesterly, maps). and for including in the authorized project, at no additional cost, the small area dredged by Ray- onier, Inc. May 17, 1950 Provided for 32-foot channel and turning basin 1 - - - H. Doc. 662, 80th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Deferred for restudy. Local cooperation. The project provides that local interests fur- nish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights- of-way, and spoil-disposal areas required for the new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and provide, when needed, additional terminal facilities open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. There are 16 wharves and piers (including a municipal wharf) having a total berthing space of 4,973 feet along the 2 miles of water frontage. The present facilities are considered ample for existing commerce. . (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities at the Ports of Fernandina, Fort Pierce Harbor, Palm Beach, Port Everglades, Miami, Key West, and Tampa, Fla., 1941 Edition, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: The contract dredge Talcott operated in the inner harbor and turning basin during the period August 23 to October 6, 1955, removing 586,037 cubic yards of material at a cost of $92,949. Condition and operation studies cost $791. The sum of $5,129 was charged to absorb the debit balance in the revolving fund for design of a district snagboat, construction of which was subsequently can- celled. The total cost for maintenance was $98,869. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 92 percent completed. The two stone jetties were completed in 1905 and are in need of repairs. The controlling depths for half project width were as follows: June 1956, 34 feet over the outer harbor; March 1955, 28 feet over the inner harbor to the foot of Calhoun Street in the city of Fernandina; and in September 1955, 30 feet to the Rayonier Wharf; thence 15 feet to Lanceford Creek. The turning basin had a controlling depth of 27 feet. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as follows: Deepen the existing inner harbor channel and turning basin to 32 feet. The outer harbor channel has been realined and deepened to 34 feet in connection with the development of a military project. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $3,286,818 for new work and $1,000,318 for maintenance, a total of $4,287,136. 446 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated... ..----------------------------------------------------------- $3,286,818 Cost_------ ---------------------- .....------------ ------------------------ 3,286,818 Maintenance: Appropriated-....... $1,500 $37 $2,500 $106,668 -$6,900 1,000,418 1,092 329 Cost-----------------................. 1,370 2,046 98,869 1,000,318 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________-_-_- $283, 000 5. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey conducted 1. Brunswick Harbor, Ga------------------------------- $4,000 June 26, 1956. Total cost during fiscal year--------------------- 4,000 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated--------.......------- --------------------- ..-----------. $4,000 $4,000 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------ 14,000 4,000 1 Includes the sum of $1,933 charged to absorb the debit balance in the revolving fund for design of a district snagboat, construction of which was cancelled. 6. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Altamaha, Oconee, and Ocmulgee Rivers, 1955 1$821,457 12 $1,077.485 (1) Ga. 2a. Brunswick Harbor, Ga.........-------------------- 1953 2,864,586 3 4 2,668,549 2b. Brunswick Harbor, 6Ga_----------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -. - -- - - --- - - 1953 .______.. 5$1,790,000. '.. 3. Darien Harbor, Ga. - 1950 7 199,723 44,183 Completed. 4. Fancy Bluff Creek,8 Ga.-.------------------ 1935 8,000 4,200 Do. 5. Sapelo Harbor, Ga. - 9-- ---------- ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1929 17,906 17,094 Do. 6. Satilla River, Ga.- - 1951 9,452 37,793 Do. 7. St. Marys River, Ga. and Fla., and North 1951 15,688 56,860 01, 080,000. River, Ga. 8. Savannah River above Augusta,8 Ga. ----..... 1929 69,600 5,870 (11) 9. Savannah River at Augusta, Ga. 9------.-- 1929 12200,556 17,444 Completed. 1Includes $760,610 fornew work and $111,950 formaintenance forprevious projects.Existing project is such that percentage of completion cannot be stated. 2Expended for general supervision during fiscal year, $628. Included in this amount is $331, charged to absorb debit balance in revolving fund for design of district snagboat, construction of which was subse- quently cancelled. FLOOD CONTROL--SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 447 * Includes $102,516 expended from public works funds: $97,521 for construction and $4,995 for operation and maintenance. In addition, $10,000 was expended from contributed funds for construction. Includes $643,465 for new work and $54,414 for maintenance for previous projects. 4 Includes $1expended for general supervision during fiscal year 1956. 5 Cost estimate revised in 1956. 6 Channel adequate for commerce. 7 Includes $54,929 expended on Doboy Bar. 8 Project recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. No. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 9 No commerce reported. to Revised in 1956. 11About 84 percent completed. Owing to construction of two power dams which have submerged much of the work under the present and former projects, this improvement cannot be completed as originally planned. 12In addition, $185,000 was expended from contributed funds: $172,151 for construction and $12,849 for operation and maintenance. 7. SAVANNAH RIVER BASIN, GA. AND S. C. Location. The works covered by this project consist of a series of 11 dams and reservoirs on the Savannah River and its tribu- taries in Georgia and South Carolina. (See U. S. Geological Sur- vey maps of Georgia and South Carolina.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, approved the general plan for the comprehensive develop- ment of the Savannah River Basin for flood control and other pur- poses recommended in House Document 657, 78th Congress, 2d session, and authorized the construction of the Clark Hill Reservoir on the Savannah River in Georgia and South Carolina as the initial step of this development at an estimated cost of $35,300,000. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized $50 million to be appropriated for the construction of the Hartwell Reservoir in the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Savannah River Basin. Following is a list of the dams and reservoirs included in the comprehensive plan. The estimated costs given were revised in 1956. Dams and reservoirs Estimated cost Name River Relocations Construcion Lands and Total rights-of-way Clark Hill, Ga. and S. C_ .... Savannah .... $66,898,900 $6,740,300 $4,900,800 $78,540,000 Hartwell, Ga. and S. C ... ___-----do .-------- 67,588,000 10,495,000 16, 217,000 94,300,000 -do- Goat Island, Ga. and S. C _ _ _ _ .. _ 31,400,000 500,000 4,500,000 36,400,000 Middleton Shoals, Ga. and .... do-- - 15,500,000 200,000 800,000 16,500,000 S. C. Chattooga units (4), Ga. and Chattooga.... 39,800,000 300,000 1,600,000 41,700,000 S. C. Tallow Hill, Ga_ -___-__ Broad_ ...... _ 36,000,000 1,200,000 1,800,000 39,000,000 Anthony Shoals, Ga _____........._ do ____... 15,400,000 1,000,000 1,700,000 18,100,000 Newry-Old Pickens, S. C- .---Keowee .. _ 25,200,000 2,100,000 2,200,000 29,500,000 Local cooperation. None required. Clark Hill and Hartwell Reservoirs are the only projects in the comprehensive plan that have been authorized for construction. Individual reports on the two reservoirs are given in the following pages. 8. HARTWELL RESERVOIR, SAVANNAH RIVER BASIN, GA. AND S. C. Location. The site of the Hartwell Dam is on the Savannah River 305 miles above its mouth and 89 miles upstream from 448 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Augusta, Ga. At full-power-pool elevation, the reservoir will ex- tend 7.1 miles up the Savannah River to the confluence of the Tugaloo and Seneca, 41 miles up the Tugaloo, 27 miles up the Seneca to the mouth of upstream Little River, S. C., thence 2 miles up Little River to the Newry site, and 7 miles up the Keowee to the Old Pickens site, and 8 miles up Deep Creek. (See U. S. Geo- logical-Survey maps of Georgia and South Carolina.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized $50 million to be appropriated for constructing the Hartwell Reservoir in the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Savannah River Basin approved in the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, in addition to the authorization for project construction in the act of December 22, 1944, recom- mended in House Document 657, 78th Congress, 2d session. This project, as now planned, provides for a gravity-type concrete dam 1,948 feet long with earth embankments at either end, 9,621 feet long on the Georgia side and 6,366 feet long on the South Carolina side. The total length of the dam will be about 17,935 feet. The main dam will consist of 2 nonoverflow concrete sections, 540 feet long on the Georgia side and 444 feet long on the South Carolina side, a gravity-type concrete spillway 568 feet long equipped with 12 tainter gates 40 by 35 feet, in the channel, and an intake section 340 feet long with the powerhouse on the Georgia side of the river. The maximum height of the concrete section will be 204 feet above river bottom and the earthfill embankments will vary in height to a maximum of about 106 feet. At full power-pool elevation 660 the reservoir will provide a total storage of 2,562,600 acre-feet of which 1,427,600 acre-feet will be usable. The initial power in- stallation will be 198,000 kilowatts, and the ultimate will be 330,000 kilowatts. The estimated cost, revised in 1955, is $67,588,000 for construc- tion, $10,495,000 for lands, and $16,217,000 for relocations and rights-of-way, a total of $94,300,000. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Design memoran- dums on the following items were submitted for approval: Date Date Item submitted approved U. S. 29------.................-----------------------------------------................................ July 22, 1955 Sept. 2, 1955 Real Estate ------------ ------ --------------------------- Aug. 13, 1955 Aug. 23, 1955 Construction Facilities----- -------------------------------- Sept. 9, 1955 Nov. 10, 1955 Concrete Dam - -------------------------------------------- Sept. 16, 1955 Dec. 27, 1955 S. C. State Route 133--....------------------------------------- Oct. 21, 1955 Dec. 7, 1955 Reservoir Clearing ----------------------------------------- Feb. 28, 1956 May 4, 1956 Hartwell Railway ------------------------------------------ Mar. 8, 1956 Apr. 16, 1956 In addition to the above, design memorandums on the turbines and governors and concrete aggregate were approved September 1, 1955, and February 13, 1956, respectively. Preparation of plans and specifications for reservoir clearing was commenced Con- struction plans and specifications for the dam and appurtenant works were in progress. Design of the powerhouse and appurte- nant works under an engineering service contract was initiated. FLOOD CONTROL-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 449 The work is divided into two parts, stage I, preliminary studies, and stage II, final design. An engineering service contract for de- sign of the bridge for relocation of U. S. 29 was entered into and completed except for review of shop drawings and inspection dur- ing construction. Construction of this bridge was initiated by con- tract, and preliminary work consisted of the work bridge, coffer- dams, and piers. Construction of the earth embankment on the Georgia and South Carolina sides of the river, by contract was initiated. Relocation of U. S. 29, excluding bridge, was commenced, by contract, during the latter part of the year. Construction con- sisted of partial clearing and grubbing on the Georgia and South Carolina sides of the river. Plans and specifications were com- pleted and a supply contract for the sluice gates and frames was awarded. Relocation of the Twelve Mile Creek portion of South Carolina State Route 133 was completed Relocation design memorandums were in progress. Acquisition of lands was initi- ated. Approximately 16,500 acres were acquired in fee simple by purchase and condemnation. The cost during the fiscal year was $2,736,767, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was commenced October 24, 1955, and was about 3.9 percent com- pleted. The status of the work on construction contracts in force is as follows: Percent complete Relocation of Twelve Mile Creek portion of State Route 133__ ........_ .__ _.. 100 Earth embankments------------------------------------------------------------50 U. S. 29 Bridge ------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 Relocation of U. S. 29 ..........---........----------------------------------------------------------- 1 Plans and specifications for the sluice gates and frames were completed and a supply contract awarded. Status of the construc- tion plans and specifications for the dam is as follows: Concrete dam, about 91 percent completed; tainter gate and intake-gate hoists, about 70 percent completed; and distribution switchboard, about 65 percent completed. Completion of the latter two items was delayed due to the work on the plans and specifications for the concrete dam. Stage I for the design of the powerhouse and- appurtenant works was about 10 percent completed at end of the fiscal year. The cost for new work under the existing project to June 30, 1956 was $3,670,958. 450 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..... $172,600 $373, 000 $96, 000 $125, 000 $3,800,000 736,600 $4, Cost -------------- 234,925 372,827 119,974 134,520 2,736,767 3,670,958 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $819, 887 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_________________________________ 819, 887 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________________________ 89, 563, 400 9. CLARK HILL RESERVOIR, SAVANNAH RIVER BASIN, GA. AND S. C. Location. The work covered by this project is a dam and reser- voir on the Savannah River and its tributaries in Georgia and South Carolina. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Georgia and South Carolina.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, approved the general plan for the comprehensive develop- ment of the Savannah River basin for flood control and other pur- poses as recommended in House Document 657, 78th Congress, 2d session, and authorized the construction of the Clark Hill Reservoir on the Savannah River in Georgia and South Carolina at an esti- mated cost, revised in 1956, of $78,540,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $534,000. The Clark Hill Reservoir is on the Savannah River, Ga., and S. C., about 22 miles upstream from Augusta, Ga. The dam is 5,680 feet long, consisting of a concrete section 2,282 feet long with a maximum height of 200 feet, and a controlled-spillway section 1,096 feet long. The concrete section is flanked on the west by a rolled-earth embankment extending 2,069 feet to the abutment, and on the east by a similar embankment 1,329 feet long. The reservoir has a total storage capacity of 2,900,000 acre-feet, of which 390,000 acre-feet is reserved for flood control and 1,340,000 acre-feet is used for the storage of water for generating hydro- electric power. The power installations consist of 7 generating units of 40,000 kilowatts each, a total of 280,000 kilowatts. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. All lands have been procured, but final settlement is incomplete pending court action. The sum of $73,383, including interest, was deposited with the court for the Twin City Power Company case. Shop and storage buildings in the service area were completed. Powerlines were extended to the area. Installation of the automatic river-gage sys- tem was completed. The road to the service area was partially completed. Work on the centralized control system in the power- plant was in progress. Other minor items of construction con- FLOOD CONTROL--SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 451 tinued. The cost was $445,386. Operation and maintenance. Operation and ordinary mainte- nance of the dam, reservoir, powerhouse, service and recreation facilities, and supervision and administration incidental thereto cost $425,903. The total cost during the year was $871,289, of which $445,386 was for new work and $425,903 was for operation and mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Minor construction items were in progress. The project, commenced in November 1945, and com- pleted in July 1954, was in operation. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been $78,456,213 for new work and $1,192,490 for operation and mainte- nance, a total of $79,648,703. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ...... $17,200,000 $4,079,000 $3,426,200 $993,800 $413,200 $78,611,014 _ _ Cost -------------- 14,894,525 9,408,207 3,711,791 908,567 445,386 78,456,213 Maintenance: Appropriated-------------------- 15,000 346,500 409,500 429,000 1,200,000 Cost-------------------------- _ ................---------330,999 435,588 425,903 1,192,490 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .......- $143, 365 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -_________________ 143, 365 10. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual quired to Report Operation complete for- Construction and mainte- nance 1. Augusta, Savannah River, Ga___-- 1941 $643,016 - Completed. 2. Emergency flood-control work under author- 1949 $6,531 Do. ity of the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, as amended. 3. M aco n , G a -.. . . . . . . . . . . 1955 380 ,043 - - --D o. 4. Snagging and clearing under authority of sec. 1950 8,772 Do. 2 of Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. 11. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS During the fiscal year inspections of the Augusta levee and the Macon levee were made to insure that local interests were comply- ing with the maintenance and operations regulations, The work by local interests was considered satisfactory. The cost incurred during the fiscal year was $160. The total cost to June 30, 1956, was $403. 452 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated .....---- ....------------------------------------ $250 $200 $450 Cost ------------------------------------------------ 243 160 403 12. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency flood-control activities Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation.) The flood-emergency manual was revised during the fiscal year. The cost was $751. The unexpended balance, on June 30, 1956, of $301, will be applied to any cost incurred under this heading during fiscal year 1957. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated .......--- ------------ ------------ ------------ $800 $700 $1,500 Cost ----------------------------------- ------------ 448 751 1,199 13. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost during the fiscal year for hurricane studies was $4,296. The unexpended balance, on June 30, 1956, of $704 will be applied toward the completion of the study in progress. 14. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Hydrologic studies were in progress during the fiscal year. The cost was $541. Civil works investigations continued during the year and the cost of these investigations was $6,312. The unex- pended balance, on June 30, 1956, of $9,441, will be applied toward the completion of the studies and investigations in progress. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of south-central Georgia and all of peninsular Florida except a small northeastern portion, em- bracing the watersheds tributary to the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico from, but not including, the harbor at Fernandina, Fla., to and including the Aucilla River. It also includes Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and other nearby islands. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Jacksonville Harbor, Fla 453 18. Navigation projects on which 2. Oklawaha River, Fla ........ 458 reconnaissance and condi- 3. Rice Creek, Fla_ 461 tion surveys only were con- 4. Intracoastal Waterway, Jack- ducted during the fiscal sonville to Miami, Fla ..... 464 year-------- ------------ 511 5. St. Augustine Harbor, Fla -- 469 19. Other authorized navigation _ 512 6. Canaveral Harbor, Fla _.... 471 projects_ 7. Fort Pierce Harbor, Fla ..... 476 8. Palm Beach Harbor, Fla .... 478 Flood Control 9. New River, Fla 482 10. Miami Harbor, Fla- 484 20. Central and Southern Florida 513 11. Okeechobee Waterway, Fla_ __ 489 12. Charlotte Harbor, Fla ....... 494 13. Tampa Harbor, Fla ......... 496 General Investigations 14. Arecibo Harbor, P. R --..... 504 21. Examinations and surveys .. 15. San Juan Harbor, P. R ------ 506 22. Research and development -- 523 523 16. Mayaguez Harbor, P. R_..... 508 17. Removing the water hyacinth from navigable waters in the State of Florida- 510 1. JACKSONVILLE HARBOR, FLA. Location. The St. Johns River rises in the marshes of Brevard County, Fla., near the east coast, and flows northwesterly to Jacksonville, thence easterly into the Atlantic Ocean, 122 miles south of Savannah River. Its total length is about 285 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 577.) Previous projects. Six appropriations for surveys and experi- mental dredging on the bar were made from 1852 to 1878. Pro- jects for permanent improvement were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, and June 3, 1896. For further details see page 1823, Annual Report for 1915, and page 607, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for: (a) A channel 34 feet deep from the ocean to Commodore Point via a cutoff channel from St. Johns Bluff (Fulton) to Dame Point and via Terminal Channel along the west bank of the river to Commodore Point, and thence 30 feet to the Florida East Coast Railway bridge at Jacksonville, with widths of 800 feet at the entrance and between the jetties, from 900 to 1,200 feet in Pilot Town Cut, from 1,050 to 1,335 feet in Mayport Cut, generally 500 feet in the St. Johns Bluff-Dame Point Cutoff, 1,200 feet at Dame Point, 590 feet in Terminal Channel (with the westerly edge 60 feet from the new 453 454 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 pierhead-bulkhead line), from 400 to 900 feet in other cuts, in- creasing to as much as 1,115 feet at bends, and 300 feet in Arlington Cut, which is 30 feet deep and generally parallel to Terminal Channel; (b) a depth of 24 feet between that depth contour and the pierhead line at Jacksonville from Hogan Creek to the foot of Laura Street; (c) a depth of 28 feet to within 60 feet of the pierhead line in the area between the foot of Laura Street and the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge (formerly Duval County highway bridge) ; (d) a navigation and floodway channel 26 feet deep and 200 feet wide along the south side of the Com- modore Point terminals, terminating in deep water at each end; and (e) construction of training walls and revetments. All depths are referred to local mean low water. No dredging is to be done within 60 feet of a pierhead line. Natural depths of 34 feet or more, for adequate width, exist in midchannel from Commodore Point to the Florida East Coast Railway bridge at Jacksonville. Two converging rubblestone jetties, built at the entrance under a previous project, are maintained under the existing project. The north jetty is 14,300 feet long, and the south jetty is 11,183 feet long. The jetties are parallel and 1,600 feet apart for 4,022 feet from the sea ends. Stone retaining walls have been built at 7 localities, involving about 7 miles of this class of structure. Stone revetments at 5 localities provide about 3.7 miles of shore protection. The training walls and revetments are located be- tween Dame Point and Wards Bank, near the inner ends of the jetties. About 4 miles of these structures are located along the shores of the old channel which has now been replaced by the Dame Point-Fulton Cutoff. The length of section included in the project is 26.1 miles via the cutoff channel. The mean tidal range is 5.3 feet on the bar, 4.9 feet at Mayport, 2.6 feet at Dame Point (12 miles above the entrance), and 1.1 feet at Jacksonville (St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge). The extreme range varies from about 9 feet on the bar to about 1.5 feet at Jacksonville. Strong northeasterly winds raise the water level about 2 feet at Mayport and Jacksonville. Strong southwesterly winds lower the water about 1.5 feet at Mayport and 1 foot at Jacksonville. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1956, is $12,750,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The current annual maintenance estimate is $200,000. The Naval Reserve Armory basin portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1953, and was estimated to be $75,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 455 Acts Work authorized Documents ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA., OPPOSITE THE CITY OF JACKSONVILLE Mar. 2, 1907 A depth of 24 feet at mean low water between the 24- H. Doc. 663, 59th Cong., 1st sess. foot curve and the pierhead line at Jacksonville from Hogan Creek to the Florida East Coast Ry. bridge. ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. June 14, 1880 Jettia at the entrance (maintenance only; new work Annual Report for 1879, pp. 767- completed under a previous project). 792. June 3, 1896 Extension of jetties, etc. (maintenance of jetties only; H. Ex. Doc. 346, 53d Cong., 3d new work completed under a previous project). sess., and Annual Report for 1895, pp. 1586-1604. June 25, 1910 Main channel, 30 feet deep at mean low water, and in H. Doc. 611, 61st Cong., 2d sess. general 300 feet wide (via Arlington Cut), increas- ing to as much as 600 feet at bends and through the jetties; for an anchorage basin at Mayport' 800 feet in width beyond the channel limits and for training walls and revetments, all subject to modification in detail by the Chief of Engineers. ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA., JACKSONVILLE TO THE OCEAN June 5, 1920 Consolidation of the above 2 projects to form a single Specified in act. project. July 3, 1930 Widening the bend at Dame Point (to 900 feet)..--- H. Doc. 483, 70th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Widening Drummond Creek, Trout Creek, and Six Senate committee print, 74th Mile Creek Cuts to 400 feet; and Terminal Channel Cong., 1st sess. 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide along the terminals at Jacksonville. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of channel widths as they now exist; H. Doc. 322, 77th Cong., 1st sess. widening Terminal Channel (30 feet deep) to a width of 590 feet; dredging the 28-foot-depth area between the foot of Laura St. and the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge; the navigation and floodway chan- nel along the south side of the Commodore Point terminals; and the approach and2 mooring basin in front of Naval Reserve Armory. 1 Do - .... The 34-foot channel depth via the existing channels S. Doc. 230, 78th Cong., 2d sess. and Terminal Channel. Do ....-.. A cutoff channel between Dame Point and St. Johns S. Doc. 179, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' Bluff, 34 feet deep, in lieu of deepening the existing channel. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 nactive. Local cooperation. All work authorized by the River and Har- bor Act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as re- quired, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. It is provided that these requirements as to the 28-foot-depths dredging between the foot of Laura Street and the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge may be waived or modified if in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers such action is necessary in the interest of national defense (H. Doc. 322, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The deepening of the improve- ment to 34 feet is subject to the additional requirement (S. Doc. 230, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will modify ter- minal facilities as necessary to permit full utilization of the deeper channel. A resolution adopted January 4, 1946, by the Jackson- ville Chamber of Commerce, agreeing to comply with the above- mentioned features of local cooperation, was accepted by the Secretary of War on February 11, 1946, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. All spoil-disposal areas and rights-of-way re- 456 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 quired in connection with the new-work dredging between Com- modore Point and the ocean and for the cutoff channel have been furnished. Terminal facilities. There are 76 piers. and wharves serving the waterborne commerce of the port. The depths of water vary from 34 feet at the larger terminals to a few feet at the inner end of the slips and at the barge berths. The Jacksonville municipal terminals at Talleyrand Avenue consist of three piers; depth at these piers is maintained at 30 feet mean low water. There are 30 other piers and wharves used for handling water- borne commerce of the port or mooring vessels, 10 of which are open to the public. All have railway and highway connections except 7 of the smaller piers, which have highway connections only. Of the remaining piers, 26 are used in connection with shipyards and marine repair plants, 2 for recreational craft, 8 for industrial purposes, and 2 are not used. A large waterfront parking area was constructed by the City of Jacksonville which replaced 8 piers, and 3 new piers were constructed, 1 by the Navy Department and 2 by oil companies. In addition, privately operated piers and wharves are available at Mayport, Fla., to serve the fishing industry, and facilities for serving recreational craft are available at Fulton. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 15, revised 1947, Corps of Engineers.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: United States hopper dredge Gerig removed 197,382 cubic yards of ma- terial, bin measurement, in Bar Cut and Pilot Town Channels, January 3-11, 1956, at a cost of $28,613. Contract: Repairs were made on White Shells Training Wall, July 6-22, 1955, at a cost of $16,553, and on Mile Point Training Wall, October 13-14, 1955, at a cost of $995. The pipeline dredge Congaree started work in the ship channel on March 9, 1956, and removed 563,258 cubic yards of material at a cost of $214,038. Hired labor surveys, inspections, and reports cost $30,246. The total costs for the fiscal year were $290,445 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 97 percent completed. Dredging was begun about November 1910. A channel at least 30 feet deep and of practicable width from the entrance to Jacksonville was completed in March 1922. Widening the 30-foot channel to authorized widths was completed in July 1937, except Terminal Channel, which was only 400 feet wide. Deepening the existing channels to 34 feet including widen- ing Terminal Channel to 575 feet was begun in July 1947, and was completed in December 1951. The Dame Point-Fulton Cutoff was opened to traffic in June 1951. The easterly end of Bar Cut was dredged to depths of 40 and 42 feet and 700 feet wide between April and September 1951. Those depths were obtained to accom- modate United States Navy aircraft carriers at no cost to the project. A depth of 24 feet was provided between the 24-foot contour and the pierhead line at Jacksonville, from Hogan Creek to the Florida East Coast Railway bridge, between October 1907 and January 1912. The two jetties at the entrance, constructed RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 457 between December 1880 and June 1904, under a previous project, have been maintained under the existing project. About 3,555 linear feet of the inner end of the north jetty has been capped with concrete. All training walls and revetments considered necessary on 30-foot project were constructed between July 1892 and May 1894, by Duval County, and by the United States, under the former existing project, intermittently between October 1903 and September 1927. The easterly end of Wards Bank training wall has been revetted with granite riprap. Material dredged near the westerly end of Bar Cut and deposited along the north side of the north jetty near the Fort George River encroachment has effectively prevented further erosion adjacent to that struc- ture. The jetties are in fair condition except as follows: South jetty: Capstone has been displaced in isolated locations and at the outer 800 feet. North jetty: The north shoreline has receded about 1,400 feet leaving the jetty exposed. Capstone has been displaced in the outer 300-foot section and in the 1,200-foot section seaward of the monolithic cap. The monolithic cap has been broken and concrete washed away in two locations, one 50 feet long and the other 20 feet long, near the middle of the section. Revetments and training walls: Ward Bank training wall, having been reinforced with heavy capstone at the easterly end by the Navy Department, is in good condition. The 800-foot westerly extension, a Wakefield-pile wall, has been replaced by a rubble concrete revetment by the Navy Department. Mile Point training wall is in fair condition. The adjacent shore at the east end is eroding. While Shells training wall has been repaired and is in good condition. Fulton training walls are in good condition; however, due to Dame Point-Fulton Cutoff they are no longer in the proper location to prevent the erosion now occurring in the vicinity of Fulton, Fla. Dame Point training wall is in poor condition and should be repaired and extended eastward along both north and south banks to prevent continued erosion. Bank erosion, appar- ently resulting from recent new-work dredging operations, is visible at several locations; remedial measures may be required. These areas are: (a) North bank of river from Haulover Creek, (Pilot Town) to the north jetty; (b) south bank east of Mile Point training wall; (c) south bank from Intracoastal Waterway to White Shells Point; (d) south bank at Dame Point-Fulton Cut- off; (e) north and south banks along upper one-fourth of Dame Point-Fulton Cutoff; and (f) north bank from Dame Point to Dunns Creek. The Matthews Bridge (fixed) crosses the river at mile 22.3. Vertical clearance over the Terminal Channel is 148.3 feet and over Arlington Cut, 86.8 feet. A survey in July 1955 gave evidence of shoaling in most of the cuts. Controlling depths in the more affected areas are 29.8 feet in St. Johns Bar Cut Range-West Section, 26.0 feet in Quarantine Island Upper Range, and 29.5 feet in Broward Point Turn. The limiting depth in the left outside quarter of Terminal Channel was 30.8 feet (June 1955); left inside quarter, 32.5 feet; right inside 458 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 33.5 feet; and right outside quarter 32.9 feet. A controlling depth of 24 feet was available to the pierhead line between Hogan Creek and the foot of Laura Street in 1934 and to within 60 feet of the pierhead line, thence to the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge in 1938. The work remaining to complete the project is to dredge the area between the foot of Laura Street and St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge to a depth of 28 feet, and the navigation and floodway channel along the south side of Commodore Point terminals. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular--------------------------------- $12,135,041 $11,432,638 $23,567,679 Public works_ ----------------------------- 290,013 290,013 * Total ....----------------- ------------ 12,425,054 11,432,638 23,857,692 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- $987,000 ----------- _ -- $100 $974,910 $15,945,191 -.-__----- ---- Cost .....---------------- Maintenance: 946,389 -$100 -_-. ...-- 974,910 -- 15,945,191 Appropriated-------.. 249,500 115,877 314,620 48,368 $363,952 12,066,470 Cost---------------- 249,517 116,956 311,875 34,005 2 291,456 11,976,866 1 Includes $3,520,137 for new work and $543,399 for maintenance for previous project. 2 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by -$1,011 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $202 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _- -_________ 325, 000 2. OKLAWAHA RIVER, FLA. Location. This river has its source in the system of large lakes in the central part of the Florida peninsula and flows generally northerly, then easterly, emptying into the St. Johns River, 22 miles above Palatka. The extreme head of the system may be taken as Lake Apopka, 120 miles above the mouth of the river. Previous projects. The first improvement was authorized by an act of Congress approved February 24, 1835. For further details see page 1825, Annual Report for 1915, and page 613, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for clearing the river of ob- structions from the mouth to Leesburg, including the Kyle and Young Canal and its extension to Morrisons Landing and the J. D. Young Canal from Morrisons Landing to Starks Ferry (clear title to the canals and sufficient land adjacent thereto to provide for RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 459 future widening has been conveyed to the United States), and for maintaining the dikes with a view to obtaining a navigable depth of about 4 feet to Leesburg, 85.7 miles above the mouth. The work embraces dredging, snagging, removing overhanging trees and obstructive aquatic vegetation, and constructing a lock and dam at Moss Bluff to maintain the water level in Lake Griffin. The project includes, under maintenance, the operation and care of that lock and dam. Lock and dam at Moss Bluff Distance to nearest town _______ 20.2 miles by canals. Name of nearest town _____________________________ Leesburg, Fla. Distance above mouth of river____ 65.5 miles by canals. Distance above mouth of Silver Springs Run ____-_ 13.2 miles. Width of lock chamber_ 30 feet. Greatest available length for full width_ 125 feet. Lift above low water_ __ _ _ 16 feet. Depth on upper miter sill at normal pool level______ 9 feet. Depth on lower miter sill at low water __________ 4.5 feet. Character of foundation .... Piles in sand and clay. Character of construction ---------------------- Concrete, with timber gates. Kind of dam- Movable. Type of dam------- Needle. Completed 1925. Total cost $161,000. The river is nontidal except for a short distance above the mouth at the St. Johns River, where the mean range at low-water stage is about 0.5 foot. The mean fluctuation due to rainfall is about 2 feet at the mouth, about 3 feet at the mouth of Silver Springs Run, and about 2.5 feet at Lake Griffin. The extreme fluctuation is about 3 feet at the mouth, 5 feet at Silver Springs Run and about 4.5 feet at Lake Griffin. The actual cost of new work was $315,264. The current an- nual maintenance estimate is $21,000. The portion of the project authorized by River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. 782, 59th Cong., 1st sess.), providing for a 6-foot depth chan- nel to the head of Silver Springs Run is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the project. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1953, and was estimated to be $131,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts. 460 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890Clearing the river of obstructions to obtain a navi- Annual Report for 1889, pp. 1360- gable channel about 4 feet deep from the mouth to 1364. Leesburg. Mar. 2, 1907 Deepening the channel to 6 feet at mean low water H. Doc. 782, 59th Cong., 1st sess. from the mouth of the river to the head of Silver Springs Run.' June 25, 1910 fMaintenance of levels in the lakes at the head of the Specified in act. July 25, 1912 July 27, 1916 (Acceptance river. of certain artificial waterways and exten- Do. sions thereof between Heather Island and Lake Griffin as part of the waterway in lieu of portions of the natural bed of the river. (2) Operation and care of the lock and dam provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1Inactive. 2 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act of June 26, 1934. The latest published maps are in House Document 514, 63d Congress, 2d session, and Annual Report for 1891, page 1626. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Numerous private and public landings and boatlaunching ramps are along the river. A public recreation- craft basin and boatlaunching ramps owned by the county, are located near Silver Springs, Ocala, Fla., and a municipal wharf is located at Leesburg. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: United States snag barge No. 1 removed 40,739 obstructions from the river, October 27, 1955-April 21, 1956, with final cleanup ending May 31, 1956, at a cost of $45,225. The dike between Moss Bluff lock and dam and Starkes Ferry was repaired and graded, March 13-April 26, 1956, by leased plant, at a cost of $5,349. Repairs by contract were made to Moss Bluff lock, March 13-June 3, 1956, at a cost of $26,867. Emergency repairs by hired labor were made to dike above Moss Bluff during August at a cost of $2,048. The lock and dam were operated and maintained, and the buildings and grounds were maintained by hired labor at a cost of $12,654. The costs for the fiscal year were $50,574 for maintenance and $41,569 for operations and care, a total of $92,143. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted. By dredging, making cutoffs, and snagging intermittently between January 1892, and June 1914, a clear channel with a depth of about 6 feet at ordinary stages was obtained to a point about 32 miles above the mouth. A channel 4 feet deep at mean low water and 30 feet wide between Silver Springs Run and Moss Bluff lock was dredged between late 1924 and November 1929. A lock and dam at Moss Bluff were constructed between about March 1923 and late 1925. For further details relative to this lock see paragraph "Existing project." The United States reser- vation comprises 13.0 acres of land, 2 dwellings, a storehouse, and other small buildings. Most of the original dredging of the canal between Heather Island (6.3 miles above the mouth of Silver Springs Run) and Starkes Ferry near Lake Griffin was done by private interests between 1911 and 1923. Between June 1929 and RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 461 June 1930, the canal between Moss Bluff lock and Starkes Ferry was enlarged to 8 feet deep by 50 feet wide to provide for control of Lake Griffin. The dike on the east side of the canal was re- paired and improved as a maintenance feature from June to December 1936. The river below Moss Bluff lock was cleared of overhanging trees and snags and at the close of the fiscal year it was in good condition. The dikes below the lock were in poor condition, but most of the large trees that were detrimental were removed by private interests during 1954. High waters created by required abnormal discharge of water through the dam during 1954 have developed numerous weak points, which require repair. Low waters during 1955-56 have caused considerable shoaling in canal section Moss Bluff Dam to Heather Island. The valves on the lock gates and fender system were repaired and the lock and dam were in good condition. The controlling depths at normal stages were approximately as follows: Mouth of the river to Silver Springs Run, 4.0 feet; Silver Springs Run to Moss Bluff lock, 0.0 feet; and Moss Bluff lock to Leesburg, 5.5 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been $311,352 for new work, $391,601 for maintenance, and $245,985 for operation and care, a total of $948,938. In addition, $11,415 was expended between August 1, 1929, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of the improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1 1952 New work: Appropriated--- ------------------------------------------------------- $315,264 Cost---------- ------------------------------------------------------- 315,264 Maintenance: Appropriated...-_--. $14,000 $11,552 $9,800 $15,700 $91,800 649,082 Cost ----------------- 12,619 13,109 9,987 16,256 291,613 648,781 1 Includes $3, 912 for new work for previous projects and $11,414 for operating and care under pro- visions of the permanent indefinite appropriation. 2 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by +$530, pending adjustment. 3. RICE CREEK, FLA. Location. Rice Creek rises in north-central Putnam County, Florida and flows easterly 10 miles through generally low, swampy, and densely forested areas to empty into St. Johns River about 3.5 miles north of Palatka and 43 miles south of Jackson- ville (see U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 686). Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from beacon 64 in the St. Johns River to the mouth of Rice Creek, and thence 75 feet wide to the access channel of the Hudson Pulp and Paper Corporation except through the rail- road and highway bridges, including a cutoff and suitable straightening, widening, and snagging. 462 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The mean tidal range is about 1.2 feet. The current estimate of cost of new work is $186,000, including $93,000 contributed by local interests. The current annual main- tenance estimate is $2,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 446, 82d Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The act adopting the project imposed con- ditions that local interests (Hudson Pulp and Paper Corporation) contribute in cash 50 percent of the cost of constructing the chan- nel; furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial con- struction, and subsequent maintenance when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvement; and maintain the access channel and turning basin at the paper mill to project depth. On 24 February 1956, the Chief of Engineers accepted as satis- factory the Hudson Pulp and Paper Corporation agreement to comply with the stated conditions with the exception that future maintenance of the project channel will in each instance be sub- ject to advance provision by the corporation of suitable spoil- disposal areas, and agreement by the corporation to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from claims due to that particular maintenance operation. The Atlantic Coast Line Railroad widened the north half of its swing bridge to 40 feet under a Department of the Army permit, dated August 2, 1950. Between July 21 and August 13, 1952, while awaiting decision on its request for aid in clearing sunken logs and stumps from Rice Creek which were damaging oil barges delivering to, its dock, the Hudson Pulp and Paper Corporation expended $1,558.81 in clearing the more prominent obstructions from the creek. Sub- sequently, the corporation contributed the balance of the required cash, or $1,806.68, for cooperative completion of the snagging and clearing of the creek by Government plant and hired labor be- tween February 9 and April 13, 1953. This work was accom- plished under authority of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. All rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas and cash contribution required for the initial dredging of the project channel have been furnished. Terminal facilities. There are no public piers or wharves along Rice Creek, and there is no foreseeable need for any. A steel- sheet pile-and-timber bulkhead at the head of the Hudson Pulp and Paper Corporation turning basin and access channel affords about 300 feet of marginal berthing space. A mobile railroad crane is available for handling freight. Controlling depth at the bulkhead is about 10 feet. The basin has connections with U. S. 17, Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, Georgia Southern and Florida Railway, and the Port of Jacksonville through Rice Creek and St. Johns River. The basin is open to all on equal terms and is adequate for present RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 463 and prospective commerce. Ample space is available for future terminal expansion on Rice Creek and at the paper mill. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: The design memorandum for the project was accomplished by hired labor November 1-30, 1955. Plans and specifications for dredg- ing a 12-foot by 100-foot channel in the creek were begun Novem- ber 21, 1955, and completed January 24, 1956. Equipment was placed on the job June 12, 1956, by the con- tractor, but no progress was made. Hired labor inspections, sur- veys, and reports for the year cost $6,614 ($3,307 Federal; $3,307 contributed) ; all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. A contract for dredging was awarded but no progress had been made on actual construction of project. Channel depths in the navigable portion of the stream vary from 10 to 14 feet. The controlling depth over the bar at the mouth is 6.6 feet. The work remaining on the project is completion of the dredg- ing in progress at close of year. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been $3,307 Federal and $3,307 non-Federal, a total of $6,614; all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 New work: -------------------------------- Appropriated-------- ------------ $93,000 $93,000 Cost--- ----------------------------------------------- 13,260 3,260 1Differs from "Operations and results year" by +$47, pending adjustment. during fiscal Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __________ _ ____________ ------------ $11,763 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated...-- ------------------------------------------- $93,000 $93,000 Cost--- ----- --- --- ---- 13,199 3,199 1 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by + $108pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------------ $11,832 464 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 4. INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY, JACKSONVILLE TO MIAMI, FLA. Location. The waterway extends from Jacksonville to Miami, Fla., following the St. Johns River to the mouth of Pablo Creek, 20 miles, and thence following in general the line of a canal con- structed by the Florida Coast Line Canal and Transportation Co. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 842-847.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 15, 1844, July 13, 1892, August 18, 1894, and Deficiency Act of February 26, 1896. For further details, see page 1825, An- nual Report for 1915; page 655, Annual Report for 1926; and page 618, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an inland waterway 12 feet deep at local mean low water and generally 125 feet wide from Jacksonville to Miami, with such modifications in cutoff and other questions of alinement as may be required by the Chief of Engineers; and for a basin 8 feet deep extending from the Intra- coastal Waterway to the easterly shore, about 1,140 feet wide at the waterway and 280 feet wide at the shoreline, at or near Vero Beach, Fla. The length of the waterway is 370 miles, of which 20 miles are included in the project for improvement of Jacksonville Harbor, Fla. The project also includes the operation and main- tenance of the Palm Valley highway bridge, the title to which was passed to the United States, along with all other property of the Florida Coast Line Canal and Transportation Co., under the con- ditions of local cooperation. The mean range of tide is 3.8 feet at the St. Johns River, 0.7 foot in the Indian River at Fort Pierce, 1.8 feet in Lake Worth at the Port of Palm Beach terminals, 2.3 feet at the Port Ever- glades terminals, and 2 feet in Biscayne Bay. The extreme range is about 7 feet at the St. Johns River, 1.5 feet at Fort Pierce, and 3 feet in Biscayne Bay. Tidal effect is imperceptible at points along the waterway distant from inlets. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1956, is $26,678,000, excluding amounts expended on previous projects. The current annual maintenance estimate is $163,000. The Jack- sonville Beach and Sebastian portions of the project are con- sidered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The Jacksonville Beach basin was essentially provided by local interests in dredging fill for highway at no cost to the United States. The cost of the Sebastian portion was last revised in 1953, and was estimated to be $35,700. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 465 Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21, 1927 For a channel 8 feet deep and 75 feet wide from Jack- H. Doc. 586, 69th Cong., 2d sess. sonville to Miami. July 3, 19301 For a width of 100 feet_ _ S. Doc. 71, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Operation and care of the bridge near Palm Valley provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 26, 1937 Turning basin in the vicinity of Jacksonville Beach 2__ H. Doc. 180, 75th Cong., 1st sess.3 3 Mar. 2, 1945 A channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide _........... H. Doc. 740, 79th Cong., 2d sess. 3 Do ..- .. A side channel and basin at Sebastian 2---- H. Doc. 336, 76th Cong., 1st sess.3 Do .. A basin at Vero Beach__ __ _______________ __IH. Doc. 261, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act of June 26, 1934. 2 Inactive. 3 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The conditions imposed by the River and Harbor Acts approved January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, have been fully complied with, including furnishing suitable spoil-dis- posal areas for subsequent maintenance of the improvement as and when required. Subsequent acts authorizing enlargement of the waterway have imposed the same requirement with respect to spoil-disposal areas for maintenance. he Florida Inland Naviga- tion District, a special taxing district empowered by State law to comply with certain features of local cooperation, was requested to furnish additional spoil-disposal areas in perpetuity for a 25- year maintenance program in the southerly and northerly halves of the waterway on May 15 and July 1, 1944, respectively. Numerous areas have been furnished and the navigation district is actively engaged in securing other areas by negotiation, or, when necessary, by condemnation. The areas are being fur- nished at a satisfactory rate. Temporary spoil-disposal areas for maintenance have been and are being furnished as and when required. All work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of- way and spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. The act imposed additional requirements as fol- lows: (a) Deepening the waterway to 12 feet is subject to the conditions (H. Doc. 740, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) that local interests bear the cost of all alterations of bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures made necessary by the improvement and that, if for any cause the Secretary of War finds it advisable, he may cause proceedings to be instituted in the name of the United States for acquirement by condemnation or otherwise of any lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas needed for the improvement, after receipt of assurances satisfactory to him from responsible local agencies that they will reimburse the United States for the costs; (b) provision of the basin at Vero Beach is subject to the requirements (H. Doc. 261, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will protect the shoreline with an 466 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 adequate bulkhead, and provide, maintain, and operate terminals adequate for full utilization of the improvement, open to all on equal and reasonable terms. A resolution adopted August 2, 1946, by the Florida Inland Navigation District was accepted by the Chief of Engineers December 24, 1946, as satisfactory assurance that the navigation district will furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas needed for new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required, and will hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the construction and maintenance of the 12-foot project. The navigation district assumes no responsibility for the additional requirement that local interests bear the cost of all alterations of bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures made necessary by the improvement (H. Doc. 740, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), as it is not empowered by State law to comply with such features of local cooperation. The bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures are owned by various individuals and public and private corporations. Most of those structures were constructed under permits issued by or under authority of the Secretary of War. Alteration of all bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures, made necessary by the improvement, can properly be required of the owners under existing Federal law. Procurement by the navigation district of the required rights-of-way and temporary spoil-disposal areas for new work is virtually complete for some sections of the waterway, and is well advanced and actively in progress in others. The navigation district states that it is in a position to furnish all remaining areas in a short time after it is evident that funds will become available. No delays due to lack of suitable rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas, nor to alterations of bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures made necessary by the improvement, are expected. On February 28, 1956, the City of Vero Beach stated that the resolution that it adopted August 8, 1945, agreeing to comply with the features of local cooperation pertaining to the basin at Vero Beach, which was accepted by the Secretary of War on November 28, 1945, as satisfactory assurances of compliance, remains effective. Terminal facilities. Extensive terminals with railway and street connections are available at Jacksonville and Miami. Terminals with railway and highway connections, for coastwise vessels have been constructed at Fort Pierce (Indian River), Riviera (Lake Worth), and Port Everglades Harbor. Municipal piers or wharves have been constructed at Titusville, Courtenay, Cocoa, Melbourne, and Vero Beach for handling general freight, and at St. Augustine, Daytona Beach, New Smyrna Beach, Eau Gallie, West Palm Beach, Delray Beach, Fort Lauderdale, and Miami for use by recreational craft. At Jacksonville Beach, Daytona Beach, Titusville, Eau Gallie, Fort Pierce, West Palm Beach, Fort Lauderdale, and Miami, yacht basins open to the public have been provided. They are connected with the Intra- RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 467 coastal Waterway by channels 6 to 8 feet deep and 80 to 100 feet wide. At Fort Pierce a channel 6 feet deep and 80 feet wide has been dredged by the United States from the Intracoastal Waterway to and up Taylor Creek to the United States Coast Guard buoy depot. There are also a number of privately owned piers, wharves, and landings at various points along the water- way. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details on facilities at Jacksonville, Fort Pierce Harbor, Port of Palm Beach, Port Everglades, and Miami, see Port Series Nos. 15 and 16, revised 1947, and Port and Terminal Facilities Report, 1941, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: United States crane barge No. 1 removed 1,798 obstructions from the waterway between Oak Landing and Palm Valley Bridge, April 30-May 20, 1956, at a cost of $4,529. Contract: Pipeline dredge Ideal began work March 27, 1956, in the reach between St. Johns River and Melbourne, and removed 272,657 cubic yards of material at a cost of $84,278. The pipeline dredge Two Brothers removed 27,000 cubic yards of material from shoals in the reach from Melbourne to Miami, beginning June 1, 1956, at a cost of $25,650. Hired labor investigations, surveys, inspections, and reports throughout the fiscal year cost $42,949. Operating and care: The steel and concrete double-leaf bascule highway bridge near Palm Valley was operated and maintained by hired labor throughout the fiscal year at a cost of $23,231. The total costs for the fiscal year were $157,406 for main- tenance, and $23,231 for operation and care, a total of $180,637. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 43 percent completed. A channel 8 feet deep at local mean low water and 100 feet wide was dredged between March 1930 and May 1935. The northerly 171 miles section between the St. Johns River and Eau Gallie was enlarged to 12 by 125 feet between June 1951 and November 1953, except for a small plug, about 1 mile long, at Daytona Beach, which was removed last fiscal year by the State Road Department. A steel and concrete, double-leaf bascule highway bridge near Palm Valley, to replace the temporary pontoon bridge at that locality, was constructed between September 1936 and July 1937, at a cost of $117,917. The existing channel widths are reduced at 54 localities by bridges, with a limiting horizontal clearance of 51 feet at the Deerfield Beach Bridge. When last surveyed the controlling depths were as follows: 468 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Minimum depths in channel Dredged dimensions entering from north Reach Date of survey Left Midchannel Right Length Width Depth outside for half proj- outside quarter ect width quarter Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet St.Johns River to St. Augus- July 1955 ... 37 125 12.0 8.1 10.4 6.9 tine. St. Augustine to Matanzas May 1956.__ 13 125 12.0 10.9 12.0 12.0 Inlet. Matanzas Inlet to Ponce de July 1955 .. 52 125 12.0 9.0 10.5 9.6 Leon Inlet. Ponce de Leon Inlet to Haul- July 1955.... 28 125 12.0 3.5 7.8 8.4 over Canal Bridge. Haulover Canal Bridge to July 1955 ... 44 125 12.0 10.7 11.0 8.9 Melbourne. Melbourne to Fort Pierce.__ July 1952 ... 51 100 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 Fort Pierce to St. Lucie Inlet_ January 1955_ 21 100 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 St. Lucie Inlet to Miami September 102 100 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 Harbor. 1953. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as follows: Complete enlargement of the waterway to 12 by 125 feet; and provide a basin at Vero Beach. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 195612 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ..... $2,150,000 $1,019,200 $10,100 -$6,038 ....----- $11,399,136 ..------. Cost_-. -- -_____ 1,874,217 1,356,540 315,861 _-----------_-------_-- 11,399,136 Maintenance: Appropriated-. .- 15,302 156,811 113,100 93,075 $186,335 4,586,946 Cost __________----- 41,012 62,336 182,930 118,125 3179,924 4,581,049 1 Includes $94, 775 for new work and $213,222 for maintenance for previous projects and $3,179 operating and care of the works of improvement under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation. 2 In addition $5,500 were expended for maintenance from contributed funds. 3 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by + $713 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ _____-_ $200, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 200, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - 15, 174, 600 RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 469 5. ST. AUGUSTINE HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the east coast of Florida, about 35 miles south of the entrance to St. Johns River and about 180 miles north of Fort Pierce Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1243 and 1244.) Previous projects. Appropriations were made by the acts ap- proved March 2, 1829, and June 27, 1834, for a survey of the harbor and the bar at the entrance. The River and Harbor Act approved August 11, 1888, authorized improvement of the harbor, subject to a subsequent report of a board of engineers. For further details see page 284, Annual Report for 1904, and page 623, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel along the best natural alinement as it may exist from time to time, 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep at mean low water across the new inlet bar, thence 12 feet deep to the Intracoastal Waterway; for a sandtrap groin on the north side of the inlet and extending seaward from the ocean shore of Vilano Beach and a sandtight jetty on the south side of the inlet extending seaward from the ocean shore of Conch Island (formerly Vilano Point or North Point) parallel to and coextensive with the groin; for future landward extension of the groin and jetty; and for a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide in San Sebastian River from the Intracoastal Waterway to the King Street Bridge with a turning place near the upper end. Those improvements are subject to such modification as in the discretion of the Secretary of the Army and Chief of Engineers may be advisable. The length of the inlet channel is about 1.5 miles, and the length of the San Sebastian River channel about 2.6 miles. The sandtrap groin now on the north side of the inlet is 1,580 feet long, with a 300-foot landward extension at an angle of 450, constructed of granite, native rock, and creosoted timber. The south jetty is to be initially about 2,870 feet long. The groin and jetty are later to be extended landward, if necessary, to total lengths of 3,700 and 4,200 feet, respectively. The mean tidal range is 4.5 feet in the ocean at St. Augustine Inlet (the old inlet) and 4.2 feet at the city waterfront. A 10-foot tide above mean low water was recorded at the waterfront during a tropical storm in 1944 and again in 1950. The tidal range in San Sebastian River is about 4.5 feet; strong northerly winds, mostly in winter, lower the water surface about 1 foot. The estimate of cost of new work, approved in 1956, is $2,973,000 for the work at the new inlet and $38,000 for the channel in San Sebastian River, a total of $3,011,000, exclusive of amounts on previous projects but including $137,500 contributed by local interests. There is no current annual maintenance esti- mate for the project as a whole; maintenance of San Sebastian River channel has been estimated at $3,600. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 470 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents June 20, 1938 For a straight entrance channel 27 feet deep and 200 H. Doc. 555, 75th Cong., 3d sess. feet wide from the ocean across North Point (Vilano Beach) to deep water in Tolomato River; a steel-sheet-pile sandtrap groin extending from the coast north of and parallel to the cut. May 17, 1950 For an entrance channel 200 feet wide, 16 feet deep H. Doc. 133, 81st Cong., 1st sess. across the new inlet bar and thence 12 feet deep to (Contains the latest published the Intracoastal Waterway; for a jetty on the south maps.) side of the inlet; for future landward extension of the groin and jetty on the north and south sides, respectively, of the inlet and for the channel in San Sebastian River. Local cooperation. The work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, is subject to the condition that local interests furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction and maintenance of the project, when and as required, and agree to hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages due to construction and maintenance of the works. The St. Augustine Port, Waterway and Beach District (Florida State Legislature empowered representative of local interests) adopted a resolution July 22, 1955, agreeing to comply with the local cooperation requirements. This assurance was accepted by the District Engineer August 3, 1955. Lands for San Sebastian River channel have been furnished; those for the inlet are being acquired. All prior requirements have been met. Terminal facilities. There are 7 timber docks on the Matanzas waterfront of St. Augustine-the municipal yacht dock south of the highway bridge, 2 excursion boat docks, 2 private docks, and 2 motel docks. The principal terminals are the numerous shrimp docks in the San Sebastian River which flows southward through the city into the Matanzas River south of the bridge; these consist of timber wharves, with frame and corrugated-iron warehouses thereon, and 2 marine railways for small boats. The present terminals have highway connections and several of the shrimp docks have rail connections. They are considered adequate for existing commerce and recreational craft. Any extensive in- crease in commerce would require more suitable terminals. Operations and results during fiscal year. Contract pipeline dredge Overland began operations April 27, 1956, on the 10-foot by 100-foot channel in San Sebastian River, removing 103,500 cubic yards at a cost of $35,604. A design memorandum on the San Sebastian River channel was begun August 25, 1955, and completed October 31, 1955. A design memorandum on the inlet, begun December 5, 1955, was completed May 24, 1956. Total cost of the reports was $41,280. Thetotal costs for the year including inspections of $2,828, were $79,712, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 20 percent completed. Between February and August 1941, a straight entrance channel 27 feet deep and 200 feet wide was RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 471 dredged from the ocean across North Point (Vilano Beach) to deep water in Tolomato River and a granite, native-rock, and creosoted-timber sand-trap groin, 1,580 feet long and extending from the coastline into the ocean, was constructed on the north side of the inlet. The channel rapidly shoaled, and maintenance of adequate depths along that alinement has been impracticable. To ,stop flanking caused by sea action at the shore end of the structure, the groin was extended 300 feet shoreward at an angle of 450, between September and December 1943. (The groin is in fair condition except for the seaward 300 feet which has subsided to about elevation 3.0 feet, mean low water). In Sep- tember 1950, a depth of 9.8 feet was available in a marked, natural channel leading generally northeast from the inlet. The channel in San Sebastian River was 98 percent completed at the close of the fiscal year. The work remaining to be done to complete project is that authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The costs under the existing project have been $472,500 for new work and $159,582 for maintenance, a total of $632,082. In addition, $137,500 were expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----- ------------- --------------------------- $163,000 1 a$627,091 Cost----- -------------------- ------------ ---------- 282,414 3 546,505 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- ------- ---------------------------------------------- 159,582 Cost----------------.............. --------------------------------------- ----------- 159,582 1 In addition, $137,500 were expended from contributed funds for new work. 2 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by - $2,702, pending adjustment. 3 Includes $71,303 for previous project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_______- $80, 070 Appropriated for succeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ ______---------------------------- 580, 070 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______--------------____ 1,817, 000 6. CANAVERAL HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the east coast of Florida in Canaveral Bight, about 146 miles south of the entrance to Jacksonville Harbor and 69 miles north of the entrance to Fort Pierce Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1245.) Existing project. This provides for a turning basin 27 feet deep at mean low water and 1,000 feet wide, with lengths of 900 feet on the north side and 2,900 feet on the south side, near the easterly shore of Banana River and inclosed by a dike; an entrance channel 27 feet deep and 300 feet wide extending from 472 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the turning basin through the barrier beach, thence flaring to 400 feet wide at the 27-foot contour in Canaveral Bight, protected at its seaward entrance by two jetties to the 12-foot depth contour; a barge canal 8 feet deep at local mean low water and 100 feet wide from the turning basin to the Intracoastal Water- way; and a lock 50 feet wide and 250 feet long to pass the barge canal through the dike inclosing the turning basin. The entrance channel is about 1.8 miles long and the barge canal about 7.6 miles long. The total length of the project is 9.8 miles. Present plans will provide for only the north jetty to extend to the 12-foot contour; the south jetty will extend to the 8-foot contour. Data relative to the proposed lock Distance to nearest town ________ 10.7 miles via 8-foot barge canal and Intracoastal Waterway. Name of nearest town Cocoa, Fla. Distance from Intracoastal Waterway Channel 7.2 miles. Lock dimensions - 50 by 250 feet. Lift Varies with the tide. Depth on sills 14 feet mean low water. Character of foundation Piles in sand. Kind of dam __ None. Estimated cost_____ $2,075,000. The mean range of tide is about 3.5 feet and the maximum range about 6 feet. Onshore winds generally raise the water level from 4 to 6 feet above mean low water. There is no per- ceptible tidal effect in Indian and Banana Rivers in the general vicinity, but the level of the water is considerably affected by winds, northerly winds causing a lowering of the waters and southerly winds causing them to rise above normal. Easterly winds cause a rise at the western shores and westerly winds a rise at the eastern shores. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1956, is $4,390,000 including $850,000 contributed by local interests, and $90,000 received from the sale of dredged material. The estimate also includes $648,000 for construction of jetties, but excludes $183,188 maintenance funds for emergency construction of landward section of the south jetty. The current annual maintenance estimate is $70,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 367, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The authorized work is subject to the con- ditions that local interests contribute 50 percent of the estimated first cost of the improvement, but not to exceed $850,000, and furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will: (1) Furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas required for the improvement and its subsequent maintenance, when and as re- quired; (2) construct, without cost to the United States and in accordance with plans approved by the Secretary of War, ade- quate piers, slips, warehouses, and transit sheds, a precooling RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 473 plant with a capacity of at least 120,000 standard boxes of citrus fruit per week, a shipside citrus packing plant with a capacity of at least 50,000 standard boxes per week, direct and adequate high- way connections between the port terminals and the mainland and all bridges made necessary by the entire improvement; (3) agree to operate and maintain, free of cost to the United States, all port facilities open to all on equal and reasonable terms; (4) agree to receive and pay for at the rate of 6 cents per cubic yard not less than 1,500,000 cubic yards of material to be dredged by the United States from the barge canal or turning basin and deposited upon the rights-of-way for the causeway carrying the highway between the port terminals and the mainland; and (5) provide, operate, and maintain, free of cost to the United States, adequate railroad connections between the port and the rail lines on the mainland when the Secretary of War shall require it. An act of the Florida State Legislature in 1939, as amended in 1941, created the Canaveral Port District in Brevard County, and a governing body known as the Canaveral Port Authority with authority to construct and maintain in the district a deep- water harbor with terminal facilities; to borrow not to exceed $5,000,000 through the issuance of revenue certificates and bonds; and to levy an ad valorem tax on real and personal property in the port district. Bond issues are to be ratified by the freeholders of the port district in the public election. By letter dated February 22, 1947, the Canaveral Port Authority informed the district engineer that the authority had caused plans and specifications for the essential port facilities to be prepared by contract. On January 19, 1949, the Canaveral Port Authority ;adopted a resolution agreeing to assume full responsibility for the requirements of local cooperation. That resolution was accepted by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on November 21, 1949, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. A bond issue of $1,365,000 for meeting certain of the require- ments of local cooperation was sold September 29, 1949. On November 28, 1949 the port authority contributed the required $850,000 toward the cost of the improvement, and has tendered payment of $90,000 for purchase of 1,500,000 cubic yards of material to be dredged by the United States from the barge canal and turning basin and deposited upon the right-of-way for the causeway carrying the highway between the terminals and the mainland. All rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas required for original dredging have been furnished. Plans and specifica- tions for a bulkhead wharf were approved by the Secretary of the Army on November 10, 1952. Terminal facilities. An 800-foot marginal wharf on the north side of the turning basin accommodates shrimp and commercial fishing boats. A 400-foot marginal wharf with utilities on the south side of the basin is operated by the Canaveral Harbor Port Authority. Existing improvements include access roadways and utilities, metal-type building for administrative space and storage of fire-fighting equipment, and a landing ramp for recreational 474 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 craft west of the 400-foot wharf on the south side of the barge canal. The Port Authority has started construction on a 200-foot by 60-foot metal storage warehouse with paved access roads and parking area. The Canaveral Corporation facilities include storage tanks of 80,000- , 55,000- , and 35,000-barrel capacities on the south side of the basin. Facilities for gasoline and jet fuel and delivery pipelines from the 35,000-barrel tank to the harbor and barge canal at the west dike are planned. These facilities are leased to the Mid-Florida Oil Company, a subsidiary of Belcher Oil Company, Miami, Fla., that supplies Bunker C fuel oil to central and eastcoast Florida by tank trailers. The Canaveral Corporation has leased a 30-foot right-of-way for two 12-inch pipelines from the storage tanks to the south shore of the ship channel with right-of-way along the shore for 600 feet for oil-docking facilities parallel to the channel. The Fruit Industries, Inc. facilities are about 90 percent completed for the extraction and storage of orange juice. Included are facili- ties for loading and unloading fruit juices to freighters having stainless steel tanks with capacities up to 1,000,000 gallons. The first shipment is expected to be in the fall of 1956. Total cost of plant is estimated at $2,500,000. The TMT Trailer Ferry Service has facilities at the west end of the 400-foot marginal wharf for roll-on and roll-off loading of trailers to top deck and tank deck of LSM type vessels. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: United States hopper dredge Hyde removed 104,995 cubic yards of material, bin measurement, July 19-August 14, 1955, at a cost of $44,611 and 187,833 cubic yards of material, bin measure- ment, November 15-December 23, 1955, at a cost of $62,540. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $10,099. The total cost for the fiscal year was $117,250 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 55 percent completed. The 8-foot-depth barge canal, the 27-foot- depth turning basin, and barrier cut to the 12-foot contour in the ocean were dredged between June 1950 and January 1952. Fill was placed on the causeway site and the dike was constructed concurrent with dredging. The dike separates the west section of barge canal from the remainder of the barge canal and other project works. The entrance channel seaward of the 12-foot contour was dredged between January and March 1952. Project dimensions were not obtained in the ocean section as the work was terminated at 90 percent completion due to lack of progress. Maintenance dredging during the fiscal year has been required to maintain near project dimensions. Emergency construction of the shoreward section of the south jetty, 813 feet long, and revetment 445 feet long, was started in June and completed in November 1953. That construction was financed with Operation and Maintenance, General funds. The north jetty, 1,150 feet long, revetment 300 feet long, seaward extension of south jetty and westward extension of revetment to Station 94+00 were constructed between December 1953 and RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 475 September 1954. General condition of the entrance channel has gradually improved with progressive completion of north jetty. Shoaling near south bank has moved westward. Waves over- topping south revetment causes erosion. A bar appears to be forming in the entrance channel seaward of the jetties. The beach adjacent to the south jetty has advanced seaward, the shoreline now being about one-half the length of the jetty from the shore end of jetty. Since construction of north jetty, con- siderable material has accumulated on both north and south sides, with most extensive changes occurring on north side. Con- siderable erosion along the bank south of the north revetment has occurred. When last surveyed controlling depths were as follows: Controlling depths entering Project from seaward Name of channel Date surveyed Left Midchannel Right Length Width Depth outside for half proj- outside quarter ect width quarter Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Entrance channel __------ 1.1 400 27.0 9.5 25.9 24.4 January 1956. to 300 Land cut____-__ -___ - 0.8 300 27.0 12.6 24.5 26.2 Do. Turning basin___-.... ____. 0.6 1,000 27.0 23.0 24.1 23.7 Do. Barge canal, east section- .. 0.8 100 8.0 8.3 8.7 8.4 November 1951. Barge canal, west section 6.8 100 8.0 8.0 8.5 8.5 July 1950 and January 1951. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is con- struction of the lock. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: Federal Contributed Total Costs: New work_ _----____- _______-__---- $1,459,510 $940,000 $2,399,510 Maintenance.------------. --------------- 704,107 704,107 Total___________ ____-__-___ -______ 2,163,617 940,000 3,103,617 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .. . _ $40,500 $10,000 $610,000 -$31,490 ........ _ $1,459,510 Cost .----------------189,701 31,981 377,358 202,440- - - - 1,459,510 Maintenance: Appropriated -......- -- __ - 335,450 95,400 156,200 $117,057 704,107 Cost- -____-___---------------- 161,814 268,960 156,291 1 117,043 704,107 1 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by + $207, pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________ $1, 990, 000 476 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated __ $42_62 .$2296 __. - _-___- _$940,000 Cost---------------$426,862 $2,296 $50------------------------ 940,000 1Includes $90,000 received from local interests in payment for 1,500,000 cubic yards of material for causeway fill, a local cooperation requirement. 7. FORT PIERCE HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the east coast of Florida, about 218 miles south of the entrance to St. Johns River and about 124 miles north of the entrance to Miami Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 582.) Existing project. This provides for the maintenance, enlarge- ment and deepening of the project developed by private interests, to provide a channel 350 feet wide at the 27-foot contour in the ocean, tapering to 200 feet wide at station 100±00 near the westerly side of the inlet, thence 200 feet wide across Indian River to station 30+00, and thence flaring on the southerly side to form a turning basin 1,650 feet long on the northerly side, 750 feet long on the southerly side, and 900 feet wide, the depth to be 25 feet in the basin and in the channel to station 130+00, and thence 27 feet to the 27-foot contour in the ocean; and for maintenance of the jetties at the ocean end of the inlet, and of shore revetments within the inlet in prolongation of the jetties. The two parallel rubblestone jetties with revetment extensions, constructed by local interests to protect the entrance, are 900 feet apart, the north jetty and revetment being about 3,500 feet long, and the south jetty and revetment about 3,200 feet long. The length of the section included in the project is about 3.5 miles. The mean range of tide is about 2.6 feet at the entrance and 0.7 foot at the terminal, with northeast tides as high as 5 feet above mean low water. The actual cost of new work was $337,183. The current annual maintenance estimate is $33,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Deficiency Act of The expenditure of $20,000 for dredging the channel, Specified in Act. Mar. 4, 1931. provided that local interests agree to maintain said channel. War Department The expenditure of up to $30,000 for dredging the Do. Appropriation channel. Act, Mar. 4, 1933. Aug. 30,1935 (main- For maintaining the channels, jetties, and revet- H. Doc. 252, 72d Cong., 1st tenance included ments, and enlarging the channels and turning sess. Rivers and Harbors in Public Works basin to the existing project dimensions. Committee Doc. 21, 74th Administration Cong., 1st sess. (Contains program, Sept. 6, latest published maps.) 1933). RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 477 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of 2 earth-filled piers re- tained by steel sheet piling and forming a slip 200 feet wide by 330 feet long with bulkhead wharf at inner end. These facilities afford a berthing space of about 1,653 feet. The south pier and the bulkhead wharf are municipally owned, the pier having a berthing space of 524 feet with depths of 22.0 to 11.0 feet. A warehouse (in poor condition, needs extensive repairs) 75 by 280 feet is on the municipal pier and a precooling plant 102 by 365 feet occupies the north pier just landward of which is another warehouse, 50 by 100 feet. A fruit-packing house 170 by 390 feet is at the west end of the slip. The north pier is served by railway and both piers by highway connections. The slip on north side of the north pier has depths of 21 to 29 feet. North of the turning basin there is a bulkhead wharf with a depth of 8 to 10 feet with ample room for open storage, and with tank storage in the rear for petroleum products. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port and Terminal Facilities Report, 1941, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: United States hopper dredge Hyde removed 78,761 cubic yards of soft material, bin measurement, from the ship channel and turning basin, November 2-16, 1955 at a cost of $27,823. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $5,284. The total cost of the fiscal year was $33,107 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in February 1938. Dredging was begun in July 1936 and completed in February 1938. Restoration of the jetties con- structed by local interests was begun in October 1933, and com- pleted in August 1934 as a maintenance feature. Both jetties are in good condition. The revetments are in poor condition; both are ragged, with nearly vertical faces along the water side, resulting from loss of numerous stones into the water. The westerly 500 feet of the south revetment is in poor condition; of that section, the westerly 200 feet needs replenishing to prevent further shore erosion. Stones should also be replaced in the adjacent 300 feet of that section. The controlling mean-low-water depths in May 1956 were as follows: Controlling depths entering Project from seaweed Name of channel Left Midchannel Right Width Depth outside for half outside (feet) (feet) quarter project width quarter (feet) (feet) (feet) Bar cut__......._---......------------------- 350 to 270 27 20.0 20.2 27.0 Land cut (between revetments) .....------- 270 to 225 25 25.0 25.6 25.0 Channel across Indian River------------- 200 25 25.0 25.4 27.0 Turning basin_.------------------------ 200 to 900 25 20.9 25.0 22.8 478 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular----------------------------------- $337,183 $561,094 $898,277 Public works .................---------------------------- ...-------------------- 250,000 250,000 Total-------------------------------- 337,183 811,094 1,148,277 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- - - __-_ _.........._ __-__ _ $337,183 Cost_ .---------- __ __ ______ _____ ___ _ ______----------- -- _ _ _ 337,183 Maintenance: Appropriated $24,704 $2,213 $58,400 $839 $33,107 811,094 Cost -----------------. 24,704 1,928 58,585 939 33,107 811,094 8. PALM BEACH HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the east coast of Florida about 71 miles north of the entrance to Miami Harbor. It is the entrance channel to the Port of Palm Beach. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1248) Existing project. This provides for maintaining, deepening, and enlarging the improvements constructed by local interests to provide a channel 25 feet deep at mean low water (plus 2 feet of overdepth from the ocean to station 65±00 and 1 foot of over- depth thence to and in the turning basin), and 300 feet wide from deep water in the ocean to station 69±00, thence reducing to a width of 200 feet at station 65+00, near the westerly side of the inlet, thence 200 feet wide across Lake Worth to station 31+54, with widening at the junction with the turning basin, thence flaring to form a turning basin of the same depth on the westerly side of the lake, of irregular shape, varying in length from about 1,375 feet on the north side to 900 feet on the south side, and with a minimum width of 1,250 feet over the westerly 900 feet of its length; for removing the obstructive point on the south side of the inlet; for revetting the banks of the inlet; and for restoring the existing jetties. The jetties constructed at the entrance by local interests consist of two parallel rubblestone structures 800 feet apart, the north jetty and revetment being about 1,800 feet long and the south jetty, 1,700 feet long. The length of section under improvement is about 1.5 miles. The mean range of tide is 2.8 feet at the inlet and 1.8 feet at the Port of Palm Beach terminals. The extreme range is about 4.5 feet at the inlet and 3 feet at the terminals. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 479 The actual cost of new work was $1,688,741. The current annual maintenance estimate is $44,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents (1) Maintenance of improvement previously constructed H. Doc. 185, 73d Cong., 2d sess. by local interests. (2) Deepening the channels and turning basin, as con- Recommended by Chief of Engi- structed by local interests to 20 feet. neers to Public Works Adminis- tration Oct. 17, 1934. Aug. 30, 1935 Authorized the work previously approved by Public H. Doc. 185, 73d Cong., 2d sess., Works Administration, and widening the channels and Rivers and Harbors Com- to existing project dimensions, enlarging the 700- mittee Doc. 42, 74th Cong., 1st foot-square turning basin eastward, removing the sess. obstructive point on south side of the inlet, revetting the banks of the inlet, and restoring existing jetties. Mar. 2, 1945 Deepening the channels and turning basin to 25 feet_- H. Doc. 530, 78th Cong., 2d sess. May 17, 1950 Extending the turning basin 550 feet southward over H. Doc. 704, 80th Cong., 2d sess. a 900-foot width, with a flare to the east; provided (contains latest published map). that local interests may be reimbursed not to exceed $305,000 for work done by them on this modification subsequent to July 1, 1949. 1 Public Works Administration program Mar. 13, 1934. 2Public Works Administration program Dec. 10, 1934. Local cooperation. The conditions imposed by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (H. Doc. 185, 73d Cong., 2d sess.), have been complied with except for furnishing perpetual ease- ments for access to the easement areas adjacent to the channel through the inlet. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, among other conditions imposed the requirement that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide additional berthing space and terminal facilities when needed to accommodate any increase in the com- merce of the port, and furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for subsequent maintenance of the work as and when required. A resolution adopted August 1, 1945, by the Port of Palm Beach District agreeing to comply with all conditions imposed by the act was accepted by the Secretary of War on October 3, 1945, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. All other requirements imposed by the act of 1945 have been fully complied with. The River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 704, 80th Cong., 2d sess.), imposed the condition that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; and will provide and maintain, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a new slip with highway and rail connections and other appurtenances, open to all on equal and reasonable terms. In partial compliance, local interests have partially completed slip No. 2 as described in the paragraph "Terminal facilities". While not required under the conditions of local cooperation, the Port of Palm Beach District, during 1944, dredged the area south and southeast of the then-existing project turning basin to -480 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 a depth of 12 to 15 feet or to rock. During 1946, the port district widened the turning basin generally 200 feet to the south and east to a depth of 22 feet. During November and December 1953, local interests enlarged the turning basin, at their expense, by dredging to 25 feet plus 2 feet overdepth, an area 250 feet wide and about 1900 feet long along the easterly side of the turning basin. Terminal facilities. These consist of 2 slips and a marginal wharf. Ship No. 1 is 690 feet long, 210 feet wide, and 26 feet deep, with a wharf on either side and a bulkhead at the inner end; slip No. 2 is 650 feet long, 225 feet wide, and 32 feet deep, and is bulkheaded on both sides and at the west end. The west end is used for barge unloading and has a depth of 15 feet at the bulkhead. The marginal wharf extends north 454 feet from slip No. 1 along the west side of the turning basin with a depth at dockside of 25 feet. The face of the pier between the two slips is bulkheaded. On the north side of slip No. 1 is a 70- by 620-foot steel and concrete warehouse, a 70- by 140-foot wooden frame building, and an office building; a 36- by 124-foot former pre-cooling plant north of the warehouse has been remodeled for an express traffic warehouse. A new office building is under construction to house the port offices and United States Immigra- tion and United States Customs Services. One storage tank for imported sirup and 2 storage depots for petroleum products are connected with the terminal by pipelines. On the pier between slips Nos. 1 and 2 a steel warehouse 60- by 360-feet has been built with paved open storage for bulk cargoes around it. Oil pipelines. have been installed on both sides of slip No. 2 to enable tankers to unload. Equipment for transferring railroad freight cars to and from car ferries has been installed and is used ex- tensively. Rail and highway connections, water supply, and other facilities have been provided in the warehouses and ship- side on the slips. A railroad spur track south of slip No. 2 serves the 131,000 kilowatt plant of the Florida Power and Light Company. The port's railroad trackage east of the Federal Highway totals about 3 miles. These facilities afford total berthing space of 3,929 feet, with depths of 17 to 32 feet. All wharves belong to the Port of Palm Beach District. Two areas west of slip No. 2 are leased to firms which manufacture and distribute concrete building products. West of slip No. 1 a paved area 240 feet by 300 feet is provided for open storage of lumber. On the port property west of the Federal Highway the West India Fruit and Steamship Company, which operates the railroad car ferries, has a 40- by 800-foot roofed platform for handling Cuban fruits and vegetables. One mile of spur track has been built to serve this facility, and more than 2 additional miles of railroad track have been built for railroad yards and switching purposes on port lands west of the Federal Highway. A paved entrance roadway 80 by 300 feet leads to the port facilities west of the Federal Highway. The roofed platform there is provided with a paved area 30 by 900 feet on the north side and 60 by 900 feet on RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 481 the south side. The U. S. Naval Reserve and U. S. Coast Guard are provided with warehouse and shop facilities on port property. The port facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: United States hopper dredge Hyde removed 53,744 cubic yards of material, bin measurement, July 13-19, 1955 at a cost of $11,730. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $2,534. The total cost for the fiscal year was $14,264 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in July 1950. Between 1918 and 1920, local interests dredged a channel 15 to 18 feet deep, 300 feet wide through the inlet, and 150 feet wide across Lake Worth, with a turning basin on the western shore of the lake, and constructed two stone jetties and revetment extensions to protect the channel at the entrance. The United States deepened the entrance channel and turning basin to 20 feet and widened the channel across Lake Worth to 200 feet between February 1935 and December 1937, and restored the stone jetties and revetments and removed the obstructive land point at the south side of the inlet between October 1936 and June 1938. The entrance channel and turning basin were further deepened to 25 feet, plus overdepth, between March 1947 and No- vember 1948. During July 1949, local interests began dredging, on a reimbursable basis, to extend the turning basin 550 feet southward, with a flare to the east. The work was later discon- tinued, but was resumed by them during June 1950 and completed in July 1950. Local interests were reimbursed for the work in November 1951. During November and December 1953, local interests again enlarged the turning basin at their expense and not on a reimbursable basis. The latest enlargement involved dredging to 27 feet deep an area about 250 feet wide and 1,900 feet long along the entire easterly side of the turning basin. As reconstructed, the north jetty and revetment are 950 and 1,500 feet long, respectively; 850 feet of the shoreward end of the jetty has been capped with concrete, and voids in the granite en- rockment at the seaward end of the structure have been filled with asphaltic concrete which is now in poor condition. The south jetty and revetment are 1,890 and 420 feet long, respectively; 1,790 feet of the shoreward end of the jetty has been capped with concrete. Repairs by contract were performed on the south jetty and revetment, and new granite base rocks were placed on both sides of the concrete cap for its full length. The work was completed September 8, 1950. Rebuilding of the north revetment was completed in April 1950. Both jetties were in good condition except for hurricane and storm damages to the south jetty as follows: Due to displacement and scattering of outlying granite base rocks formerly protecting the concrete cap, the outer 500 feet of concrete cap has settled generally from 1 to 6 inches: two 40-foot sections of the concrete cap were badly cracked longi- tudinally-one 400 feet from the east end of the concrete cap, the other near the land end; and the 100-foot section of nonbonded rubble granite at the seaward end is in good condition since its 482 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 repair in 1950. The gully along the landside of the west half of the concrete cap on the north jetty continued to enlarge by erosion of sand leaking under the cap into the inlet through large voids in the underlying base rock. Repair of this condition begun by contract in April and completed in June 1955, included placement of large granite boulders along channel side of concrete cap as protection from storm-wave action. When last surveyed controlling depths were as follows: Controlling depths en- Project tering from seaward Name of channel Mid- Date surveyed Left channel Right Length Width Depth outside for half outside quarter project quarter width Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Entrance channel and land cut_. 0.56 300 to 25 27.0 27,4 27.0 July 1955. 200 Channel across Lake Worth ..... 0.63 200 25 26.0 26.9 26.0 Do. Turning basin ..........-- - - 0.26 1,250 25 26.0 26.0 26.1 September 1954. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total ---------------------------------- Regular.. $1,608,741 $844,328 $2,453,069 Public works------------------------------- 80,000 30,000 110,000 Total ..........................-------------------------------- 1,688,741 874,328 2,563,069 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- $238,843 -------------------------------------------- $1,688,741 Cost---------------- 238,843 -------------------------------------------- 1,688,741 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- 23,156 $27,700 $1,350 $56,109 $14,134 874,328 Cost-----------------23,706 27,249 1,772 56,309 113,963 874,328 1 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by - $301, pending adjustment. 9. NEW RIVER, FLA. Location. The South New River Canal, which carries part of the drainage from Lake Okeechobee and the Everglades, enters South Fork of New River in eastern Broward County. The South Fork flows thence northeasterly 5.4 miles to its confluence with the North Fork to form New River. New River flows easterly 2.5 miles through the city of Fort Lauderdale into New River Sound, 24 miles north of Miami. (See U. S. Coast and RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 483 Geodetic Survey Chart No. 847.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide through the rock shoal between the Intracoastal Waterway and Tarpon Bend, and for removal of sunken vessels and snags in New River and in its South Fork to the intersection of Dania Cutoff Canal, 7.9 miles above the mouth of the river. The maximum range at the mouth is about 4 feet with storm tides as high as 8 feet. The actual cost of new work was $36,518. The current annual maintenance estimate is $2,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 553, 76th Cong., 3d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The authorized work is subject to the pro- visions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. A resolution adopted December 31, 1945, by the city of Fort Lauderdale, Fla., agreeing to comply with the above-mentioned provisions was ac- cepted by the Chief of Engineers on February 22, 1946, as satis- factory assurance of compliance. Reassurance as to willingness by the city of Fort Lauderdale to accept the previous obligation was given by the City Manager on August 9, 1955. All requirements have been met. In addition, local interests have removed snags and sunken vessels from the river within the projct limits at a cost of about $12,000. Terminal facilities. The city of Fort Lauderdale owns 6,400 linear feet of frontage, improved by the construction of concrete retaining walls with fenders, and 1 timber and 1 concrete wharf having a total berthing space of 950 feet, all open to the public on equal terms. The city owns and operates the Bahia-Mar marina with facilities for 450 boats, and several miscellaneous boat ramps for small boats. Privately owned facilities consist of 1,375 linear feet of wharf space and 20,655 linear feet of dockage. There are 16 privately owned boat storage and repair yards that have 9 marine railroads, 5 boat ramps, and 16 crane hoists. There are 385,000 square feet of covered boat storage. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Con- tract. In dredging a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the Intracoastal Waterway to Tarpon Bend, pipeline dredge Two Brothers removed 34,516 cubic yards of material, February 24- April 7, 1956 at a cost of $28,994. Hired labor inspections, sur- veys, and reports cost $7,524. The total costs for the fiscal year were $36,518 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. A channel with depths of 8 feet and greater, 100 feet wide and 2,655 feet long was provided through the rock shoal between the Intracoastal Waterway and 484 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Tarpon Bend. Many snags and sunken vessels have been re- moved by private interests in the improvement of their riverfront lands. No snag removal work has been performed by the Federal Government. The costs under the existing project have been $36,518, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------- ......... ----------------------------------- $36,518 $36,518 Cost---- ------------------------------------------------ 36,518 36,518 10. MIAMI HARBOR, FLA. Location. Miami is near the northerly end of Biscayne Bay, about 335 miles southeasterly from the entrance to Jacksonville Harbor. Miami River has its source in the Everglades and flows southeasterly to enter Biscayne Bay at Miami. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 547 and 1248.) Existing project. This provides for the following: (a) A channel 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide from the 30-foot contour in the ocean to near the outer end of the north jetty, thence 300 feet wide through the entrance and across Biscayne Bay to and including a turning basin 1,400 feet long and 1,350 feet wide on the westerly side of Biscayne Bay in front of the municipal term- inals at Miami; (b) two parallel rubblestone jetties at the en- trance, 1,000 feet apart and 3,000 and 2,750 feet long, respectively; (c) a channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the mouth of Miami River to the turning basin at the municipal terminals; (d) a channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the mouth of Miami River to the Intracoastal Waterway and thence 100 feet wide to Government Cut; (e) a channel at the mouth of Miami River, 15 feet deep at mean low water, 250 feet wide at the outer end and ta- pering to 170 feet wide at Brickell Point in a distance of about 1,400 feet; thence a channel in Miami River, 15 feet deep under flood conditions, 150 feet wide for 3 miles, thence 125 feet wide for 1.1 miles, and thence 90 feet wide for 1.4 miles; (f) a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Miami River to a harbor of refuge in Palmer Lake, the location of the harbor of refuge and channel leading thereto being subject to modification at the discre- tion of the Chief of Engineers, and (g) an approach channel 6 feet deep and 700 feet wide to the harbor line at the seaplane base at Dinner Key, with an enlargement at the inner end and with a chan- nel 8 feet deep and 50 feet wide along the easterly edge of the widening. The plane of reference is mean low water, except for the 15-foot channel in Miami River where depths are based on flood conditions. The total length of the waterway under improvement is about 17.7 miles, including about 6 miles of entrance channel from the ocean RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 485 to and including the turning basin at the municipal terminals, 5.8 miles in Miami River, 3.5 mile's in the connecting channels leading therefrom into the bay, and 0.8 mile at Dinner Key Airport. The mean tidal variation is 2.5 feet at the entrance and 2 feet in the bay. The extreme variation is about 4.5 feet at the entrance and 3 feet in Bascayne Bay. Strong easterly winds raise the water level about 1.5 feet at the entrance and 1 foot in the bay. Strong westerly winds lower the water level about 1 foot at the entrance and about 0.5 foot in the bay. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1956, is $7,379,- 000 excluding the $23,000 to be contributed by local interests. The current annual maintenance estimate is $35,000. The Virginia Key portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is ex- cluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this por- tion was last revised in 1953, and was estimated to be $7,451,200. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents MIAMI RIVER July 3, 1930 The 15-foot channel in Miami, 150 feet wide at the Specified in act. mouth. (1) The channel at the Dinner Key Airport- ---......... S. Doc. 95, 72d Cong., 2 1st sess., and specified in act. MIAMI HARBOR June 13, 1902 An 18-foot channel in a land cut across the peninsula H. Doc. 662, 56th Cong., 1st sess. and construction of the north jetty. (Annual Report, 1900, p. 1987). Mar. 2, 1907 Construction of the south jetty and increase of chan- Specified in act. nel width to 100 ft. July 25, 1912 Enlarging the channel to 20-foot depth and 300-foot H. Doc. 554, 62d Cong., 2d sess. width and extending the jetties. Mar. 4, 1913 Modification of local cooperation requirements im- Specified in act. posed by the act of July 25, 1912. Mar. 3, 1925 A channel 25 feet deep with present project widths H. Doc. 516, 67th Cong., 4th sess. from the ocean to Biscayne Bay, thence 200 feet wide across the bay to but not including the mu- niciapal turning basin, and extension of both jetties. July 3, 1930 A channel width of 300 feet across the bay and en- Rivers and Harbors Committee largning the municipal turning basin, with expendi- Doc. 15, 71st Cong., 2d sess. tures thereon limited to $200,000. Aug. 30, 1935 3 A depth of 30 feet from the ocean to and in the turning Senate committee print, 73d Cong., basin, with the existing authorized project widths, 2d sess. including the 300-foot width in the channel across the bay. Aug. 26, 1937 Extending the turning basin 200 feet to the south- Rivers and Harbors Committee ward. Doc. 86, 74th Cong., 2d sess. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 The Virginia Key improvement_ - ---------------- So. Doc. 251, 79th Cong., 2d sess.2 Do-..---.. For incorporation of the project for Miami River in H. Doc. 91, 79th Cong., 1st sess. that for Miami Harbor, the widening at the mouth of Miami River to existing project widths; the chan- nels from the mouth of Miami River to the turning basin and to Government Cut; and the channel from Miami River to the harbor of refuge, provided that local interests contribute one-third of the cost. 1 War Department Appropriation Act approved July 14, 1932. 2Contains latest published maps. 3 Included in the Public Works Administration program Jan. 3, 1934. Local cooperation. All work authorized by the River and Har- bor Act approved March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and subsequent maintenance, as and when re- quired, and hold and save the United States free from claims for 486 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 damages resulting from the improvement. In addition, the pro- vision of a channel from Miami River to the harbor of refuge is subject to the conditions that local interests contribute one-third of the initial cost of the channel, furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide and maintain suit- able depths in the harbor of refuge and construct and maintain adequate mooring facilities therein, and agree that, at any time upon the approach of a hurricane or severe storm and specifically upon the request of the district engineer or his authorized repre- sentative, the refuge basin will be open to all without charge until storm danger is past. On September 5, 1945, the Commission of the city of Miami, Fla., adopted a resolution agreeing to assume responsibility for compliance with the local cooperation requirements imposed in House Document 91, 79th Congress, 1st session, except those per- taining to the channel from Miami River to the harbor of refuge in Palmer Lake. On May 9, 1946, that resolution was accepted by the Secretary of War as satisfactory assurance of partial compliance. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of 45 piers and wharves of which 1 is on Fisher Island, 3 are at Miami Beach, 5 are along the south side and 1 is along the westerly bend of MacArthur Cause- way; 10 are along the west side of Biscayne Bay at Miami, and 25 are on Miami River. Six of the facilities are open to the public for handling general cargo. Four of these, including 3 municipal piers on the west side of the bay and a privately owned wharf near the east end of the MacArthur Causeway, accomodate deep-draft vessels. The other two general cargo facilities are suitable for small vessels, and include the Florida East Coast Railway wharf south of the municipal piers, and one privately owned wharf on Miami River. All of the general cargo wharves have highway and railway connections, except the causeway terminal which has high- way connections only. A municipal yacht anchorage and basin and a municipal wharf are open to the public for recreational craft. Of the remaining piers and wharves, 4 in the bay and 3 on Miami River are used for handling petroleum products, 17 are used in connection with ship repair activities, and 6 are used for mooring vessels or handling private freight. Three of these facilities have railway connections, and all have highway connections, except a petroleum wharf on Fisher Island. In addition, numerous land- ing facilities in and around Miami, especially on Miami River, at Dinner Key, and at Crandon County Park are designed for and used exclusively by recreational craft. The facilities are con- sidered inadequate for the existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 16, revised 1947, Corps of Engineers.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Hired labor mainte- nance of United States reservation and bank revetments through- out year cost $5,603. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $1,819. The total costs for the fiscal year were $7,422 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 487 49 percent completed. The main 30-foot entrance channel from the ocean to and including the turning basin was dredged progres- sively between August 1904 and March 1939. A land cut 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide was dredged across the peninsula to Bis- cayne Bay between August 1904, and October 1923; a channel 25 feet deep from the ocean to and including the former municipal turning basin at Miami (200 feet wide across the bay, and follow- ing the alinement of the former municipal channel) was dredged between July 1926, and December 1933, and was deepened to 30 feet, including widening the channel across the bay to 300 feet and enlarging the turning basin, between April 1934 and March 1939. A channel 15 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide along the land point at the mouth of Miami River for 1,400 feet, and thence northerly along the bay front for about 1,200 feet, and a channel in Miami River for 5.5 miles above its mouth, 15 feet deep under flood conditions and of project widths, were dredged between March 1932 and August 1933. The channels at the Dinner Key seaplane base were dredged between February and August 1933. These facilities are no longer used by aircraft, and the Dinner Key base was taken over by the city of Miami in 1947, converted to accommodate pleasure boats, and is now known as the Dinner Key Marina. The 2 stone jetties at the entrance were constructed to the 18-foot contour between March 1904, and October 1908, extended 405 feet each in 1922, and extended to their present lengths between September 1926, and March 1929. The north jetty and revetment is 4,688 feet long, and the south jetty and revetment is 3,850 feet long. The south jetty, both revetments, and that part of the north jetty landward of the low-tide shoreline in the ocean are in good con- dition. Seaward of the low-tide shoreline the north jetty is in fair condition; that section was damaged during the November 1935 hurricane. Pieces of granite dislodged from the upper part of the jetty now lie on the ocean bed beside the jetty. At several points in the jetty, the crest has been lowered to the plane of mean high tide. No sand encroachment toward the channel has taken place through the lowered sections. When last surveyed, the con- trolling depths were as follows: 488 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Project dimen- Controlling depths, sions mean low water Mid- Name of channel Left chan- Right Date surveyed out- nel for out- Width Depth side half side quar- project quar- ter width ter Main entrance: Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet From ocean through land cut and 500 to 30.0 28.8 31.0 28.6 March 1956. across Biscayne Bay. 300 Turning basin....--------------------- 1,350 30.0 30.0 30.0 29.3 Do. Miami River: Biscayne Bay to South Fork, Miami 150 115 8.4 12.1 9.1 June 1944. River. South Fork, Miami River to Tamiami 125 115 10.4 13.6 10.8 Do. Canal. Tamiami Canal to 36th St. bridge..---- 90 115 ........ 6.9 ........ Do. Dinner Key Airport: Approach channel 2------............------ 700 6 5.7 5.7 5.7 May 1940. Channel along easterly edge of widen- 50 8 8.0 8.0 8.0 1935. ing. 1Under flood conditions. 2This channel is not used by aircraft. It is now used as entrance channel to Dinner Key Marina. Breakwater now lies across 700-foot channel at its juction with Turning Basin. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as follows: Widen the channel at the mouth of Miami River by 20 to 100 feet for 1,400 feet; widen the existing channel along the southerly end of Bayfront Park north of Miami River to 200 feet, and thence provide a channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the turning basin in front of the municipal terminals; provide a chan- nel 8 feet deep, 200 feet wide from the mouth of the river to the Intracoastal Waterway, and thence 100 feet wide to Government Cut; and provide a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Miami River to a harbor of refuge in Palmer Lake. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: Cost Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular-___---------.----------------- - $5,016,248 $1,641,505 $6,657,753 Public Works---......-------------------- 2,202,126 ---------------------- 2,202, 126 Total_ --------.-------.----- .--..-- 7,218,374 1,641,505 8,859,879 RIVERS AND HARBORS---JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 489 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------ -$268 ------------- __- ...------........ $7,218,374 Cost---------.. ...----------- ------------ ... ---------- ------- ---- ----------- 7,218,374 Maintenance: 14,600 Appropriated----.....---. $12,500 $11,950 $53,953 $7,462 1,641,546 Cost----------------- 14,780 11,691 12,402 54,934 17,381 1,641,546 1 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by + $41, pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ __________ 2 $160, 000 2 In addition $23,000 to be contributed by local interests. 11. OKEECHOBEE WATERWAY, FLA. Location. Caloosahatchee River has its source in Lake Okeecho- bee and flows generally southwesterly, emptying into the Gulf of Mexico through San Carlos Bay, about 30 miles south of the en- trance to Charlotte Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 473, 1247, 1255, and 1289.) Lake Okeechobee is a large, fresh-water lake in south central Florida. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1289.) St. Lucie Canal was constructed by the Everglades Drainage Dis- trict as a control canal for Lake Okeechobee. It begins at about the middle of the east shore of Lake Okeechobee, and empties into the south fork of the St. Lucie River at St. Lucie lock. The length of the canal is 23.9 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1289.) St. Lucie River, South Fork, flows north from the entrance of the St. Lucie Canal about 7.4 miles to Stuart, where it joins North Fork to form the St. Lucie River, thence east, southeast, and east about 7.7 miles, emptying into the Indian River opposite St. Lucie Inlet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1247 and 1289.) Taylor Creek is formed by several small streams in central Okeechobee County, and flows generally southeasterly, emptying into Lake Okeechobee at its most northerly extremity. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1289.) For description of above waterways see p. 705, Annual Report for 1932.) Previous projects. Original projects for Caloosahatchee River below and above Fort Myers were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882, and August 11, 1888, respectively. The next project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved June 25, 1910, which authorized the present project depths in Caloosahatchee River from Fort Myers to the Gulf of Mexico, with a turning basin at Fort Myers, and was modified by the River and Harbor Acts approved July 3, 1930, and August 30, 1935, under the title "Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeechobee drainage areas, Florida," to provide, among other things, for a navigable channel across the State and for control of Lake Okeechobee, in- 490 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 cluding construction of locks at Ortona and Moore Haven. For further details see page 1828, Annual Report for 1915; page 707, Annual Report for 1932; pages 878-888, Annual Report for 1948; and pages 785 and 831, Annual Report for 1949. Existing project. This provides for: (a) Replacing old locks Nos. 1 and 2, St. Lucie Canal, by a single new lock with a usable width of 50 feet, a usable length of 250 feet, a depth of not less than 8 feet over the sills, and a new weir structure; (b) a channel 8 feet deep from Fort Myers to the Intracoastal Waterway near Stuart, with widths of 90 feet from Fort Myers to Moore Haven, thence 80 feet along the southerly shore of the lake to the hurri- cane gate at Clewiston, thence 100 feet across Lake Okeechobee to and in the St. Lucie Canal to St. Lucie lock, and thence 80 feet to the Intracoastal Waterway; (c) a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the project turning basin to the existing municipal yacht basin at Fort Myers; and (d) under maintenance, the operation and care of St. Lucie lock. The project also includes maintenance of features completed under previous projects as follows: (a) A channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the Gulf of Mexico to Punta Rasa, about 3.8 miles, thence 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Fort Myers (Edison Memorial Bridge), about 16.3 miles, with a turning basin at that point; (b) a channel in Taylor Creek 6 feet deep when the lake is at elevation 12.56 mean sea level, and 60 feet wide from the town of Okeechobee into the lake, 4 miles; (c) a navigation chan- nel 6 feet deep and 80 feet wide following in general the south shore of Lake Okeechobee from Clewiston to the St. Lucie Canal, 36.7 miles; and (d) the operation and care of the Moore Haven and Ortona locks. The total length of the waterway from the Gulf of Mexico to the Intracoastal Waterway is about 154.6 miles via the channel across Lake Okeechobee, or about 165.3 miles via the channel along the south shore of the lake. On July 1, 1947, mean sea level datum, which is 1.44 feet above the Lake Okeechobee datum previously used between the St. Lucie and Ortona locks, was adopted for use throughout the project. Project depths are based on minimum water elevations referred to mean sea level, as follows: St. Lucie River, Indian River (Intracoastal Waterway) to St. Lucie lock ---------------- -0.49 St. Lucie Canal and Lake Okeechobee, St. Lucie lock to Moore Haven lock -- 13.00 Caloosahatchee Canal, Moore Haven lock to Ortona lock . ---...--- 10.06 Caloosahatchee River, Ortona lock to the Gulf of Mexico - _- -0.88 The following table shows the principal features of the locks and dams (spillways are maintained under the flood control project for Central and Southern Florida). RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 491 Caloosahatchee Canal St. Lucie Canal-St. Lucie lock 1 and dam Moore Haven lock 2 Ortona lock and dam Distance from Lake Okeechobee. .......... 23.9 miles--------- 0_---_-_-- 15.5 miles. Nearest town (Florida)-........ - Stuart, 8 miles __ .. MooreHaven,0.75mile La Belle, 8 miles. Lock dimensions 3........-...... 50 x 250 feet------.......--.. 50 x 250 feet .........-------- 50 x 250 feet. Lift with minimum water ele- 13 feet-............... 2.5 feet_---- --------- 11.5 feet. vations. Depth over sills: Upper ------------------ 13.8 feet.------------ 10 feet_ -------------- 12 feet. Lower----.........-------. 12.2 feet.------------ 11 feet...-------------- 11 feet. Character of foundation ........ Pile--------------................. Pile__--------------- Pile. Kind of dam_- ---------------- Movable--............. None---.... ---------- Movable. Type of construction: Lock....-------- ------ ----- Concrete and steel Concrete and steel Concrete and steel sheet piling, sheet piling, sheet piling. Dam_ __-_-_----.----. -- Concrete, tainter-gate -------------------- Concrete, tainter-gate controlled. controlled. Date of completion-----......--...---... (4).-.....--------- 1935 ---------------1937. Actual cost-.----.... __----_-_ $2,019,335 5---....... $556,850-- ------ $856,905. 1 Old lock No. 2, constructed by Everglades Drainage District, is adjacent to the new lock and serves as an auxilliary. This lock is 30 by 130 feet in the clear, with a limiting depth of 6 feet on the lower sill. 2 Combined hurricane gate and lock. 3 Width of chamber and greatest length available for full width. 4Substantially completed in 1943 except for the installation of the tainter gates in the dam in 1950. ' Includes $79,474 for removing old lock No. 1. The mean range of tide at Punta Rasa is 1.7 feet and at .Fort Myers, 0.7 foot. The extreme range is about 4.5 feet at Punta Rasa and about 2 feet at Fort Myers. At low-river stage, tidal influence is perceptible at the Ortona lock, 57.3 miles above Punta Rasa. The mean range of tide at St. Lucie Inlet is 2.6 feet and the extreme range, about 4.5 feet. Tidal effect is perceptible to St. Lucie lock, 15.1 miles. Lake Okeechobee is maintained, so far as possible, between elevations 13 and 15 feet, mean sea level. The estimate of Federal cost for new work, approved in 1954, excluding amounts expended on previous projects, is $3,804,000. The current annual maintenance estimate is $140,000. The Stuart basin portion of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was estimated to be $5,000 in 1954. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 For construction of a new lock and weir structure in Rivers and Harbors Committee St. Lucie Canal. Doec. 28, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 For deepening to 8 feet, with present widths, from H. Doec. 696, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Fort Myers to the Intracoastal Waterway near Stuart via the existing channel along the southerly shore of the Lake to Clewiston and a channel across to Lake Okeechobee. Do--------......... For a channel from the project turning basin to the H. Doec. 736, 79th Cong., 2d sess.x muncipal yacht basin at Fort Myers; (and for a basin at Stuart.') (2) Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2* Deferred. Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act of June 26, 1934. Local cooperation. All work authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions 492 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas when and as required for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from all claims for dam- ages resulting from the improvement. The provision of a channel from the project turning basin to the municipal yacht basin at Fort Myers is subject to the additional requirements that local interests provide, maintain, and operate adequate mooring and servicing facilities open to all on equal and reasonable terms, and make addi- tional improvements to protect the Fort Myers yacht basin from wave action. A resolution adopted November 10, 1945, by the Board of Com- missioners of the Okeechobee Flood Control District (an agency created by the State of Florida to comply with the requirements imposed by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930) agreeing to comply with the requirements of local cooperation imposed in reference to deepening the waterway to 8 feet between Fort Myers and the Intracoastal Waterway (H. Doc. 696, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) was accepted by the Chief of Engineers on February 18, 1946, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. All lands and spoil- disposal areas required for the initial work of deepening the water- way to 8 feet have been furnished. On July 28, 1949, the Okeecho- bee Flood Control District adopted two resolutions transferring the agreements, commitments, and assets of the Okeechobee Flood Control District to the Central and Southern Florida Flood Con- trol District. On July 14, 1949, the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District adopted a resolution accepting the assets of the Okeechobee Flood Control District and assuming its agree- ments and commitments as of midnight July 31, 1949. On Novem- ber 25, 1949, the Chief of Engineers authorized the Jacksonville district engineer to notify both districts that the subject transfer was satisfactory to the Corps of Engineers. A resolution adopted November 17, 1949, by the City Council of Fort Myers, agreeing to comply fully with all the requirements in connection with the side channel at Fort Myers as set forth in House Document 736, 79th Congress, 2d session, was accepted by the Chief of Engineers on January 23, 1950, as satisfactory assur- ances of compliance. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In the vicinity of Fort Myers on the Calo- osahatchee River, these consist of 3 freight piers, 1 railroad term- inal pier, 1 municipal recreation pier, 4 privately owned piers, and a municipal yacht basin. A mooring basin has been provided at La Belle. There are numerous small wooden-pile landings along the upper Caloosahatchee River, along the lake shore, on St. Lucie Canal, and on St. Lucie River, including one railroad terminal pier, a municipal pier, and a pier for handling petroleum products at Stuart. Marginal wharves with highway and railway connections are available along the waterway, as follows: 125-foot wharf at LaBelle; 180-foot wharf at Clewiston; 198-foot wharf at Belle Glade; and 30-foot wharf on Taylor Creek at the town of Okeecho- RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 493 bee. A breakwater and turning basin installation with highway connection at Pahokee, Florida provides 1,000 feet of wharf and other limited harbor facilities on the east shore of Lake Okeecho- bee. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: The contract pipeline dredge New River removed 77,371 cubic yards of material, place measurement, from the Caloosahatchee River, July 12-October 10, 1955, at a cost of $34,043. Repairs were made by contract to paving at Moore Haven lock and Clewiston Reserva- tions, May 7-29, 1956, at a cost of $320. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $13,263. __Operating and care: Moore Haven and Ortona locks on the Caloosahatchee River and St. Lucie lock on the St. Lucie Canal were operated and maintained by hired labor throughout the year at a cost of $66,360. The total costs of all work for the fiscal year were $47,306 for maintenance, and $66,680 for operation and care, a total of $113,986. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 100 percent complete. Construction of St. Lucie lock and spillway at the lower end of St. Lucie Canal near Stuart was begun in August 1939 and completed in June 1943 except for installation of tainter gates in the spillway, which was completed in March 1950. An auxiliary lock gate has been installed in the upstream end of old lock No. 2, which was constructed by the Everglades Drainage District, and lies adjacent to and supplements the new lock. Dredging to deepen the waterway to 8 feet between Fort Myers and the Intracoastal Waterway near Stuart, with overdepth in St. Lucie Canal, was begun in June 1948, and completed August 9, 1950, with dredging to provide a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide to connect the project turning basin at Fort Myers with the municipal yacht basin. Features completed under the previous project and maintained under the existing project are as follows: A channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the Gulf of Mexico to Punta Rasa, and thence 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Fort Myers, with a turn- ing basin at that locality, January 1911 to January 1913; the im- proved Caloosahatchee Canal and River channel from Moore Haven to Fort Myers, 56.5 miles, providing a floodway and navi- gation channel at least 7 feet deep and 90 feet wide, and with a discharge-outlet capacity of 2,500 cubic feet per second from Lake Okeechobee, February 1931 to June 1937; a channel 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide in St. Lucie River between Palm City bridge and St. Lucie lock, about 2.8 miles, September to December 1931; a chan- nel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide in Taylor Creek from the town of Okeechobee to Lake Okeechobee, about 4 miles, July 1936 to March 1938; 58.3 miles of navigation channel from Moore Haven lock to St. Lucie Canal, generally 8 feet or more deep with a minimum width of 80 feet, following in general the south shore of the lake, January 1932, to March 1936; a lock at Ortona, and a combined lock and hurricane gate at Moore Haven, November 1934 to June 1943. 494 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 For work constructed under previous projects and now main- tained under the flood control project for central and southern Florida, see paragraph "Existing project," central and southern Florida. For information relative to the St. Lucie, Moore Haven, and Ortona locks, see table in the paragraph "Existing project." Depths in excess of 8 feet exist in the St. Lucie Canal and in the channel following in general the south shore of Lake Okeechobee. St. Lucie Canal was constructed 8 feet deep and 150 to 165 feet wide by the Everglades Drainage District between 1916 and 1928 as a control canal for Lake Okeechobee. The controlling depths when last surveyed were as follows: Gulf of Mexico to Punta Rasa, 12 feet for a width of 200 feet in August 1950; Punta Rasa to Fort Myers, 10 feet for a width of 100 feet in August 1950; Fort Myers to Ortona lock, 8 feet for a width of 90 feet in August 1950; Ortona lock to Lake Okeechobee at Moore Haven, 8 feet for a width of 90 feet in April 1949; Lake Okeechobee from Moore Haven to St. Lucie Canal via south-shore channel, 9 feet for a width of 50 feet in April 1949; via Liberty Point floodway channel and open lake, 5 feet for a width of 60 feet in April 1950; via Clewiston approach channel, 8 feet for a width of 100 feet in March 1950; Lake Okeechobee to St. Lucie lock, 9 feet for a width of 80 feet in November 1949; St. Lucie River from the lock to Intracoastal Waterway near Stuart, 8 feet for a width of 80 feet in March 1950; and Taylor Creek from the town of Okeechobee to Lake Okeechobee, 6 feet for a width of 60 feet in February 1949. The present controlling channel width of 80 feet is reduced to 50 feet at locks and at 19 localities by bridges. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been $3,803,447 for new work, $496,183 for maintenance, and $1,003,804 for operation and care, a total of $5,303,434. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated...---------...------.... -------------------- ----------------------- $20,025,723 Cost -- .------------------------------------------------------- ----- 20,025,723 Maintenance: Appropriated..------.... $131,396 $134,305 $119,500 $156,100 $92,700 9,022,275 Cost---------------- 136,269 135,805 122,212 137,026 8113,029 9,081,915 1 Includes $16,222,275 for new work and $7,581,150 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition $500,000 for new work and $1,000 for maintenance were expended on previous projects from contributed funds. * Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by + $778, pending adjustment. 12. CHARLOTTE HARBOR, FLA. Location. This harbor is a large bay on the west coast of Florida. The entrance is 68 miles south of the entrance to Tampa Bay and 150 miles north of Key West. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 1255.) Previous projects. Appropriations for removing obstructions RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 495 from Peace River (formerly Peace Creek) were made in 1881, 1882, and 1886. Improvement of Charlotte Harbor and Peace River was authorized by act of September 19, 1890. A project for improvement of Pine Island Sound is now included in "Previous projects" for Intracoastal Waterway, Caloosahatchee River to Anclote River, Fla. For further details see page 152, Annual Report for 1890; page 1828, Annual Report for 1915; and page 769, Annual Report for 1945. Existing project. This provides for a channel 32 feet deep at mean low water and 300 feet wide, increased to 700 feet wide at the bend, from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Boca Grande, just in- side the entrance, thence 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the municipal terminal at Maud Street, Punta Gorda, with a turning basin 200 feet square at the outer end of the terminal. The length of waterway included in the project is about 4.5 miles from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Boca Grande, and thence about 25 miles to Punta Gorda. The mean tidal range is 1 foot at Port Boca Grande and 1.4 feet at Punta Gorda. The extreme range is about 3 feet at Port Boca Grande and 3.8 feet at Punta Gorda. Strong southwesterly winds raise the water level about 1.5 feet, and strong northerly and easterly winds lower it about 1 foot. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1956, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $15,563 contributed by local interests, is $441,000. The current annual maintenance estimate is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 A 24-foot channel 300 feet wide from the Gulf of H. Doc. 699, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mexico through the Boca Grande entrance. Mar. 3, 1925 A depth of 27 feet at the entrance and a width of 500 H. Doc. 113, 66th Cong., 1st sess. feet at the bend. July 3, 1930 The 10-foot depth to Punta Gorda and the turning Rivers and Harbors Committee basin at that point. Doc. 1, 70th Cong., 1st sess.' Aug. 26, 1937 The 30-foot depth at the entrance and the 700-foot Rivers and Harbors Committee, width at the bend. Doc. 95, 74th Cong., 2d sess. May 17, 1950 Deepening the entrance channel to 32 feet.........----------.. H. Doc. 186, 81st Cong., 1st sess.t 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Deepening of the entrance channel to 32 feet (H. Doc. 186, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) is subject to the condition that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction of the improvement. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of a phosphate wharf at Port Boca Grande and a municipal earthfill pier about 850 feet long, retained by steel-sheetpiling, at Punta Gorda. Both wharves are open to the public. Railway connections are available at Port Boca Grande, and highway and railway connections are available at Punta Gorda. The facilities are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. (For further details see Port Series No. 8, Corps of Engineers.) 496 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: United States hopper dredge Langfitt removed 148,200 cubic yards of material, place measurement, Otcober 19-November 2, 1955 at a cost of $46,691. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $5,294. Total cost for the fiscal year was $51,985 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 42 percent completed. A channel 24 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Boca Grande was dredged be- tween November 1912 and April 1913; was deepened to 27 feet (500 feet wide at the bend) between October and November 1931; and was further deepened to 30 feet (700 feet wide at the bend) between August 1938 and August 1939. The 10-foot channel to Punta Gorda was dredged from February to April 1931. When last surveyed the controlling depths were as follows: Controlling depths entering from seaward Name Midchannel Date of channel Left for half Right surveyed outside project outside quarter width quarter (feet) (feet) (feet) Outer bar cut.---...-------------- 28.0 30.7 30.0 November 1955. ........-----------------....... Widener............----- 32.2 33.5 28.2 Do. Inner bar cut---------------------- 31.4 32.2 32.0 Do. Channel to Punta Gorda--------------------------- 9.5 -------------- February 1950. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is dredg- ing to deepen the existing entrance channel to 32 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been $193,965 for new work, and $844,000 for maintenance, a total of $1,037,965. In addition, $15,563 was expended from con- tributed funds for new work in Boca Grande entrance channel. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 195612 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ---------- .-------.------- ------------------------ .------------ $306,965 Cost.-----.-------------------- ----------------- ----- 306,965 Maintenance: Appropriated----.....---. $76,150 -$4,303 $42,450 $1,807 $51,989 844,000 Cost ---------------- 68,940 3,172 42,376 1,884 51,985 844,000 1 Includes $113,000 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition, $15,563 for new work was expended on the existing project from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___ $247, 000 13. TAMPA HARBOR, FLA. Location. This harbor is a large natural indentation of the Gulf of Mexico about midway of the western coast of the peninsula of Florida. The entrance is about 220 miles north of Key West, about 330 miles from Pensacola, 360 miles from Mobile, and 512 RIVERS AND HARBORS--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 497 miles from New Orleans. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 586, 587, and 1257.) Previous projects. Adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: For Tampa Bay, acts of June 14, 1880, and August 11, 1888; for Tampa and Hillsboro Bays, acts of June 14, 1880, March 3, 1899, and March 3, 1905; for Hillsboro River, act of June 14, 1880. For further details see pages 1829 and 1831 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 665, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for: (a) Channels from the Gulf of Mexico through Tampa and Hillsboro Bays and upper Tampa Harbor to the city of Tampa, and through Tampa Bay to Port Tampa, 36 feet deep and 600 feet wide in Egmont Channel, thence 34 feet deep with widths of 500 feet in Mullet Key Cut, 400 feet in Tampa Bay, Hillsboro Bay, Port Tampa, and Sparkman Channels, and 30 feet deep with widths of 500 feet in Ybor Chan- nel and 300 feet in Seddon and Garrison Channels; (b) widening the bend between Sparkman Channel and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Channel by 250 feet; (c) a turning basin 30 feet deep at the mouth of Hillsboro River (west end of Garrison Channel), involving cut- ting back the northwest corner of Seddon Island by 150 feet; (d) a turning basin 34 feet deep at the entrance to Ybor Channel, includ- ing widening the bend between Sparkman and Garrison Channels by cutting back the northeast corner of Seddon Island (to about 950 feet from the point of intersection of the edges of the two channels) and cutting off the resulting corners; (e) a turning basin at the entrance to the Port Tampa terminals, 34 feet deep, 2,000 feet long, and 750 feet wide; (f) maintenance of a channel dredged in Hillsboro River under a previous project, 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 2,400 feet long, from the turning basin at the mouth to a point 100 feet south of the Lafayette Street Bridge, and provision of a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, thence to a point 2,000 feet upstream from the Columbus Drive (formerly Michigan Ave.) Bridge, with removal of snags, wrecks, and piling, thence to the City Water works Dam (the reach between Florida Avenue Bridge and City Water works Dam to be maintained by local interests) ; (g) a channel 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the ship channel in Hillsboro Bay to and including the existing turning basin in the Alafia River, to be enlarged to a depth of 30 feet, a width of 700 feet, and a length of 1,200 feet; (h) construc- tion of a breakwater of dredged material at Peter O. Knight Field, Davis Islands, about 2,000 feet long and partially inclosing a land- ing basin for seaplanes (maintenance to be assumed by local in- terests). The length of the section included in the existing project is about 66.4 miles, including about 10.0 miles in the Hillsboro River and about 3.6 miles in the Alafia River Channel. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean range of tide is 1.3 feet at the lower end of the bay, 1.6 feet at Port Tampa, and 1.8 feet at Tampa. The extreme range is about 3.8 feet at the lower end of the bay and 4.8 feet at Tampa. Strong southwesterly winds raise the water level about 1.5 feet. Strong northerly winds, which usually occur in winter, lower the water level about 2 feet. 498 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1956, is $22,400,- 000 excluding amounts expended on previous projects. The cur- rent annual maintenance estimate, excluding the breakwater at Peter O. Knight Field, is $67,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents TAMPA BAY Mar. 3, 1899 For a channel 27 feet deep from the Gulf of Mexico to H. Doc. 2, 55th Cong., 3d sess. Port Tampa, .500 feet wide across the bar and 300 (also printed in Annual Report feet wide in the bay. 1899, p. 1640). Channel dimen- sions specified in act. Mar. 3, 1905 For a channel depth of 26 feet with sufficient width Specified in act. from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Tampa. TAMPA AND HILLSBORO BAYS June 25, 1910 For a depth of 24 feet in Hillsboro Bay__ ........... H. Doe. 634, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 For a 27-foot depth from Gulf of Mexico up to and in H. Doc. 1345, 64th Cong., 1st sess. the several channels of Hillsboro Bay, the widths to be 500 feet on the bar, 300 feet in Tampa Bay, Ybor and Garrison Channels, and 200 feet in Hills- boro Bay, Sparkman and Seddon Channels, with turning basins at the mouth of Hillsboro River and at Ybor Estuary. HILLSBORO RIVER Mar. 3, 1899 For a 12-foot channel to within 100 feet of the Lafay- H. Doc. 545, 55th Cong., 2d sess., ette St. highway bridge (maintenance only; new and Annual Report for 1898, pp. work completed under a previous project under the 1357-1360. title "Improving Hillsboro Bay, Fla.") TAMPA HARBOR Sept. 22, 1922 Consolidation of the above projects to form a single Specified in act. project for Tampa Harbor. July 3, 1930 Increasing the depth of Egmont Channel to 29 feet H. Doc. 100, 70th Cong., 1st sess. and the width of Sparkman Channel to 300 feet. Aug. 30, 19351 For a depth of 32 feet and a width of 600 feet on Egmont S. Doc. 22, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Bar, a depth of 30 feet and a width of 400 feet in Mullet Key Cut, and a depth of 30 feet and a width of 300 feet in all other project channels in Tampa Harbor (except in Hillsboro River and in the chan- nel leading to Alafia River); and for a turning basin 2,000 feet long and 500 feet in maximum width at the entrance to the Port Tampa terminals. June 20, 1938 For widening the bend between Sparkman Channel S. Doc. 164, 75th Cong., 3d sess. and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Channel by 250 feet; widening Ybor Channel to 400 feet and extending the turning basin at the west end of Garrison Chan- nel (mouth of Hillsboro River) easterly for 300 feet. Do......... For construction of a breakwater at Peter O. Knight Senate Committee 2 Print, 76th Field, Davis Islands, its maintenance to be as- Cong., 1st sess. sumed by local interests. Mar. 2, 1945 For widening Sparkman Channel to 400 feet and Ybor S. Doe. 183, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Channel to 500 feet; widening the bend between Sparkman and Garrison Channels and additional 250 feet to extend the turning basin westerly; and widening the bend between Seddon and Garrison Channels by 150 feet (in lieu of 300 feet previously authorized) to extend the turning basin easterly. Do For a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the H. Doc. 119, 77th Cong., 1st sess. Hillsboro River for about 2.4 miles above the upper end of the existing 12-feet channel, and for the removal of obstructions thence to the Florida Avenue Bridge. Do-......... For a channel 25 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the S. Doc. 16, 77th Cong., 1st sess. Hillsboro Bay Channel to and including a turning basin in the Alafia River. (Revoked by act of May 17, 1950.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 499 Acts Work authorized Documents TAMPA HARBOR-continued 2 May 17, 1950 For deepening Egmont Channel to 36 feet; enlarging H. Doc. 258, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Mullet Key Cut, Tampa Bay Channel, Hillsboro Bay Channel, Port Tampa Channel and Port Tampa turning basin to present project dimen- sions; deepening Sparkman Channel and Ybor turning basin to 34 feet; a channel 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide from Hillsboro Bay Channel to and including a turning basin in Alafia River, 700 feet wide and 1,200 feet long (in lieu of the improve- ment previously authorized); and substantial widening at entrance, bends, and turns. 2 Sept. 3, 1954 Extended removal of obstructions in Hillsboro River H. Doc. 567, 81st Cong., 2d sess. to City Water Works Dam. Maintenance of cleared channel to be assumed by local interests. 1Included in Public Works Administration program, September 6, 1933. 2 Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938, (S. Doc. 164, 75th Cong., 3d sess.), authorized widening the bend between Sparkman Channel and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Channel by 250 feet, widening Ybor Channel from 300 to 400 feet, and extending the turning basin at the west end of Garrison Channel easterly for 300 feet, subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as required, and move and reconstruct all bulkheads, wharves, buildings, roads, railroad tracks, and all other structures as may be necessary. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, authorized the further widening of Ybor Channel to 500 feet, widening Sparkman Channel to 400 feet, widening the bend between Garrison and Sparkman Channels, and reducing the widening between Seddon and Garrison Channels from 300 to 150 feet (S. Doc. 183, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), subject to the conditions that the city of Tampa agree to commence and complete promptly, the construction of the beltline railroad and the paving of streets on the north and east sides of Ybor Channel (first required by River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, and complied with as regards the west side of the channel) when necessary in the judgment of the Secretary of War; and provided further, that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands required for the provision of the improvements and for the disposal of dredged material during construction, and for subsequent maintenance as and when re- quired, and construct such bulkheads and retaining walls, and strengthen or move adjacent structures, as may be required to safe- guard both the channels and the adjacent lands and structures, all in a manner satisfactory to and approved by the Chief of Engin- eers and the Secretary of War, and agree to hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. In 1945 the Florida Legislature adopted a bill creating the Hills- borough County Port Authority as the governing body and author- ity of the area defined in the act as Hillsborough County Port Dis- trict, comprising approximately the northwest quarter and part of 500 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the southwest quarter of Hillsborough County. It includes all channel and terminal areas of Tampa and Port Tampa, but ex- cludes the Alfafia River and the relatively undeveloped area east of the upper harbor. On September 9, 1949, the Hillsborough County Port Authority adopted a resolution agreeing to comply with all conditions imposed in Senate Document 164, 75th Congress, 3d session. On October 11, 1949, the port authority adopted a resolu- tion agreeing to, and assuming full responsibility for compliance with, the requirements as set forth in Senate Document 183, 78th Congress, 2d session, except any requirement to extend the track- age of the municipal beltline railroad (extension not now required in accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950), but specifically including the obligation in respect to the portion thereof already completed. The Chief of Engineers accepted those resolutions on November 21, and December 28, 1949, respectively, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. The port authority has furnished, or caused to be furnished, all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas required for new work provided for in those documents. All streets on the west side of Ybor Channel have been paved, and the through streets on the north and east sides have been paved. In addition, the port authority has furnished evidence satisfactory to the district engi- neer that the United States will be held harmless in the event of sloughing of banks as a result of dredging. The width of Ybor Channel has been restricted to a minimum of 480 feet at some localities to make unnecessary the construction of bulkheads and retaining walls and the strengthening or moving of structures. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized certain improvements in Hillsboro River (H. Doc. 119, 77th Cong., 1st sess.), subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subse- quent maintenance when and as required; agree to make at their expense necessary alterations to structures crossing the river; and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. The Hillsborough County Port Authority was requested on June 3, 1956, to execute its previous offer to furnish assurances that it will comply with these require- ments when funds are made available. The work authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950, is subject to the conditions that for new work responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent main- tenance of the works; (c) construct such bulkheads and retaining works, and strengthen or move adjacent structures as may be re- quired, prior to dredging, to safeguard the channels, basins, and adjacent lands and structures, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers; (d) provide, prior to or concurrently RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 501 with the Federal improvement, additional or enlarged slips and berthing space with necessary terminal facilities at Port Tampa in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers; (e) open existing terminal facilities in Alafia River to all at the same rates and charges that apply to other Tampa Harbor terminals and expand those facilities as and when required to meet the needs of commerce; and (f) open the terminal facilities at Tampa Harbor to all on equal terms. The project document further provides: (1) that the existing conditions of local cooperation whereby approval of wharfage charges by the Secretary of War is required (River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917), be revoked; (2) that the requirements pertaining to the municipal beltline railroad imposed by the River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917 (H. Doc. 1345, 64th Cong., 1st sess.) and by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (S. Doc. 183, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) be modified so as to require no further extension of trackage with the understanding that the city's obligation with respect to the completed portion shall remain in force until relieved by the Chief of Engineers. The River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, authorized additional improvement in Hillsboro River (H. Doc. 567, 81st Cong., 2d sess.), subject to the condition that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (b) provide at their own expense all necessary alter- ations to structures and utilities; (c) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (d) maintain the cleared channel after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. A resolution adopted July 11, 1955, by the Hillsborough County Port Authority was accepted July 27, 1955, as satisfactory assur- ances of compliance with all requirements of local cooperation imposed by the River and Harbor Acts of 1945, 1950, and 1954, for improvement of Hillsboro River, all main channels of Tampa Bay and Port Tampa, and Alafia River. Despite the fact that the latter is not in the port district area, the Authority has accepted representation of all interests for Federal improvement of Tampa Harbor project. All other and prior requirements have been met. Terminal facilities. There are 57 piers and wharves at Tampa, including 14 on Hillsboro River at Tampa, 28 other piers within the Tampa City limits, 1 at East Tampa, 13 on the slip at Port Tampa, and 1 on Old Tampa Bay at Rattlesnake, Fla. Those on Hillsboro River are suitable for small vessels drawing up to 11 feet; all others are used by deep-draft vessels. The municipal terminals are on Ybor Channel and consist of a slip 778 feet long, 250 feet wide, with a wharf on either side, one of which has a steel-frame transit shed. The city of Tampa also owns a shore wharf on Hillsboro River and another on Garrison Channel. Forty-eight of the facilities, including the municipal slip, have railway connections, and all have highway connections. The municipal terminals, 1 city wharf, and 10 private terminals are 502 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 open to the public. The piers and wharves on the various channels are used principally as follows: 39 for general cargo and private commodities, 10 for mooring or berthing vessels at shipyards, and 3 for various industrial purposes; 5 are not in use. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce except at Port Tampa. (See Port Series No. 17, revised 1947, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: United States hopper dredge Langfitt removed 869,324 cubic yards, bin measurement, from Egmont Channel and Mullet Key Cut, Novem- ber 3, 1955-February 13, 1956, at a cost of $279,992. Contract: Dredging in Tampa Bay Channel was begun March 7, 1956, by the pipeline dredge No. 5 which had removed 800,000 cubic yards at close of the year at a cost of $380,160. The pipeline dredge New Jersey began operations March 22, 1956, and at close of the year had removed 867,000 cubic yards at a cost of $411,840. Hired labor surveys, inspections, and reports cost $191,716. The total costs for the year were $1,263,708 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 51 percent completed. Dredging was begun in August 1899 to provide a channel 24 feet deep and of sufficient width from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Tampa, and in November 1910, to provide a channel of the same depth in Hillsboro Bay to Tampa. Dredging has been continued intermittently to secure greater depths and widths as authorized from time to time. Egmont Channel, 29 feet deep and 500 feet wide was completed in July 1931, and channels 30 feet deep, 400 feet wide at Mullet Key Cut and Tampa Bay Channel Cut A, 300 feet wide thence to and including the Port Tampa Channel, Hillsboro Bay Channel, Seddon Channel, Spark- man Channel, Ybor Channel, and 275 feet wide in Garrison Chan- nel were completed in June 1936. Egmont Relocation Channel, to replace the old channel alinement on Egmont Bar, was dredged 32 feet deep and 600 feet wide from February 1938 to May 1939. Sparkman Channel was widened to a total width of 400 feet and the bends between Sparkman Channel and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Channel were widened to project dimensions between July 1947 and May 1949. A turning basin 2,750 feet long and 550 feet wide was dredged at the entrance to the Port Tampa terminals between November 1933 and December 1935. The turning basin at the entrance to Ybor Channel was completed in July 1947, and that at the west end of Garrison Channel (mouth of Hillsboro River), in May 1949. Ybor Channel was widened to its present width be- tween April and June 1950. A channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide in Hillsboro River from the mouth to within 100 feet of the Lafayette Street Bridge was dredged between December 1899 and about June 1905, under a pre- vious project, and has been maintained under the existing project. The breakwater of dredged material at Peter O. Knight municipal airport was constructed from August 1940 to January 1941, and the city of Tampa has formally assumed responsibility for its care, preservation, and maintenance. The Tampa Bay Bridge (fixed) crosses Cut A of Tampa Bay RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 503 Channel with vertical clearance of 149.0 feet for 800 feet width. When last surveyed the controlling depths were as follows: Dredged Controlling depths entering dimensions from seaward Section Channel Date surveyed Left for half Right Width Depth outside dredged outside quarter width quarter (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) Egmont Relocation Channel_-_ 600 32 32.1 32.0 31.0 August and No- vember 1953. Mullet Key Cut--------------- 400 30 30.3 30.3 31.8 August 1953. Tampa Bay Channel: Cut A--------------------- 400 30 30.0 * 30.0 31.0 January 1948. Cuts B to F.. ...---------------- 300 30 30.5 * 30.0 31.0 Do. Port Tampa Channel .. 300 30 ---------- * 30.0 ---------- October 1952. Port Tampa Turning Basin.... 550 30 -- ..----. 30.0 .----------.. Do. Hillsboro Bay Channel: Cut A_...______......- .... 300 30 30.0 30.0 30.0 April 1956. Cut C--------------------- 300 30 30,0 30.0 28.5 Do. Cut D__.________...... ..... 300 30 128.0 30,0 28.5 Do. .28.5 29.0 25.0 Upper harbor: Seddon Channel ___... 300 30 27.2 29.0 29.0 Do. Sparkman Channel.--------- 400 30 28.2 28.0 28.0 Do. Garrison Channel (west to east)_----____ . - - _ _____ 1 275 30 29.0 28.2 28.2 Do. Ybor Channel__ ___________ 2 480 30 30.0 29.0 30.6 Do. Alafia River 3______________--- 150 23 14.7 17,0 11.0 April 1946. Hillsboro River, mouth to Lafayette Street Bridge_ ..... 200 12 9.0 10.9 9.0 March 1944. Thence to a point 2,000 feet upstream from Columbus Drive Bridge .... -__-___- ___ 4100 49 __________ 4.1 ---------- 1939. 1 Project width 300 feet. 2Project width at 500 feet. 8As dredged by local interests; project depth is 30 feet, and width 200 feet. 4 Project dimensions: no work has been done by the United States. * Controlling depths also on centerline in October 1952. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as fol- lows: Dredge a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in Hillsboro River for about 2.4 miles above the upper end of the existing 12- foot channel, and thence remove obstructions to the City Water- works Dam; and the improvements authorized by act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 258, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular-_ -- _______________ --------- $8,655,122 $2,849,763 $11,504,885 Public works__-.... - ---- __-__-___ - 1,329,300 -------------------- 1,329,300 Emergency relief-_ ____-___________ _ 1,463,000 _ _ 1,463,000 Total__ __-___-_________-__-_ 11,447,422 2,849,763 14,297,185 504 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- ----------- ------- ------------------- $1,282,000 $12,318,764 Cost------------------------------------ 21,265,315 12,302,079 Maintenance: Appropriated -------_ $202,800 $15,134 $20,850 $90,487 -63 2,866,870 Cost---------------- 203,463 13,889 22,785 90,517------------ 2,866,870 1 Includes $853,050 for new work and $17,107 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by - $1,607, pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____- $663 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 3, 695, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________ 3,695,663 Estimated additionol amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -------------- 7,239,000 14. ARECIBO HARBOR, P. R. Location. The harbor is on the north shore of Peurto Rico about 40 miles west of San Juan Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 903.) Previous projects. A previous project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. Local interests were unable to comply with those conditions, and, further, the type of deepwater terminal proposed was objectionable to navigation interests. As a result no work was done, and no expenditures were made under the project. For further details, see pages 1619 and 1620 of An- nual Report for 1936. Existing project. This provides for construction of a stone breakwater, 1,200 feet long extending from Point Morrillos to Cocinera Rock; dredging an entrance channel 25 feet deep at mean low water and 400 feet wide, flared to 650 feet wide at the ocean entrance and widened for the inner 650 feet of its length to form a maneuvering area of the same depth and 900 feet wide, fronting the proposed deepwater terminal. The mean tidal range is 1.1 feet; the extreme varies between about 1 foot below and about 2.8 feet above mean low water. The actual cost of new work was $1,128,075, excluding $288,000 contributed by local interests. The current annual maintenance estimate is $15,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937. (See Rivers and Har- bors Committee Doc. 43, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. A deepwater terminal constructed by local interests in accordance with plans and specifications approved by the Secretary of the Army as required by Rivers and Harbors Committee Document 43, 75th Congress, 1st session, was completed in May 1952, at a cost of about $700,000. In addition, local inter- ests have built a transit shed about 300 feet long and 100 feet wide, with an average height of 20 feet, at a cost of about $150,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS--JACKSONVILLE, FLA.,. DISTRICT 505 Terminal facilities. The facilities available are the deepwater terminal constructed by local interests as a required feature of local cooperation which consist of a bulkhead wharf fronting the northerly project limit, about 688 feet long, 220 feet wide at its westerly end, which provides a berthing space along the northerly project limit of approximately 550 feet; and a transit shed about - 300 feet long, 100 feet wide, with an average height of 20 feet, con- structed by local interests on the deepwater terminal. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: United States hopper dredge Hyde removed 120,046 cubic yards of mater- ial, place measurement, March 5-25 and March 31-April 22, 1956, at a cost of $81,382. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $6,519. The total cost for the fiscal year was $87,901 for maintenance. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1944. Breakwater was repaired as a maintenance feature between November 26, 1951, and July 15, 1952. No work was done on the outer 50 feet of the breakwater. Wave action has caused minor damages; some sections having lost trapezoidal sec- tions as a result of slippage of rocks. In April 1956 controlling mean low water depths were as follows: Controlling depth entering from seaward Name of channel Left Left Right Right Length outside inside inside outside quarter quarter quarter quarter Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Ocean entrance channel_ --- _____--- .04 27.0 25.0 22.7 22.0 Entrance channel__- .. ___.----------- - - - .17 21.0 22.3 23.8 22.8 ... Terminal channel_---- -------------- .13 21.2 20.0 20.0 17to 21 I Partially dredged. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total United States _____.---------------. .___. $1,128,075 $195,784 $1,323,859 Contributed . .... ...-------.. 288,0------------------------- 288,000 Total- . - --...------....---.. .... 1,416,075 195,784 1,611,859 506 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------- ------------------------------------ $1,128,075 Cost_--- ------------------------------------------------------------ 1,128,075 Maintenance: Appropriated ......------ _ $110,500 -$5,361 $500 -$186 $87,965 195,847 Cost.----------------- 82,055 22,977 309 111 2 87,965 195,847 1In addition $288,000 were expended fornew work from contributed funds. 2 Differs from "Operations and results year" by - $64,pending adjustment. during fiscal 15. SAN JUAN HARBOR, P. R. Location. The harbor is on the north coast of Puerto Rico, about 30 miles west of Cape San Juan and 1,150 miles southeast of Jacksonville, Fla. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 908 and 920 and U. S. Navy Hydrographic Office Chart No. 1411.) Previous projects. Before the American occupation, about $647,000 had been expended under the Spanish administration. The original project by the United States was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 2007 of Annual Report of 1915, page 1718 of Annual Report for 1916, and page 1939 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 800 feet wide and 38 feet deep at mean low water across the outer bar, a distance of about 1,700 feet, to the bend in the channel; thence, 1,200 feet wide and 30 feet deep at mean low water, narrowing to 1,000 feet wide at the inner harbor, about 4,000 feet distant from the bend; dredging the inner harbor to the same depth over about 329 acres, and extending this depth easterly into the San Antonio Channel for about 3,400 feet with a width of about 1,100 feet at its mouth, narrowing to 600 feet at 1,200 feet from the mouth, and increasing to 800 feet at the easterly end; removal to a depth of 8 feet at mean low water of Anegado, Largo, and Capitanejo Shoals; construction of a channel about 6,000 feet long and 400 feet wide, 30 feet deep at mean low water, from the existing anchorage to and including a turning basin of the same depth, 1,000 feet wide and 2,200 feet long, in front of the Graving dock in the southeast arm of the harbor; and maintenance of a channel about 6,000 feet long and 300 feet wide, 30 feet deep at mean low water, from the Graving dock channel to and including a turning basin with an average width of 1,000 feet and a length of about 1,700 feet, in front of the Army terminal in Pueblo Viejo Bay. The mean tidal range is 1.1 feet; tide heights vary from about 1 foot below to about 2.8 feet above mean low water. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1953, is $3,647,000, excluding amounts expended under previous projects and $100,000 contributed by local interests. The existing project includes the entrance channel and turning basin to the Army terminal which cost $1,543,711.84; this expenditure was made from military ap- RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 507 propriations and is not included in the estimate hereinbefore stated. The current annual maintenance estimate is $27,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 8, 1917 Anchorage area (206 acres) and San Antonio Channel H. Doc. 865, 63d Cong., 2d sess. to depth of 30 feet. Sept. 22, 1922 Substituted for an area of 68 acres to a depth of 30 feet H. Rept. 775, 67th Cong., 2d sess. along easterly and southerly sides of anchorage basin, an area of 25 acres of the same depth extend- ing easterly from eastern end of San Antonio project channel. July 3, 1930 Modified the conditions of local cooperation .......... H. Doc. 45, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Entrance channel across the outer bar to 38 feet deep River and Harbor Committee Doc. and 800 feet wide, Anegado Reach Channel 30 feet 38, 74th Cong., 1st sess. deep and 700 feet wide, and increasing anchorage area to 239 acres and a depth of 30 feet. Aug. 26, 1937 Widening of the Anegado Reach and increasing River and Harbor Committee Doc. anchorage area to 329 acres. 42, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Oct. 17, 1940 Removal to a depth of 8 feet of Anegado, Largo, and H. Doc. 364, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Capitanejo Shoals, and construction of a channel (Contains latest published 400 feet wide, 30 feet deep, from existing anchorage maps.) to and including turning basin of same depth, 1,000 feet wide, 2,200 feet long, in front of the graving dock. Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of existing entrance channel and turn- PL 14, 79th Cong., 1st sess. ing basin to Army terminal. Local cooperation. Local cooperation required by the River and Harbor Act of October 17, 1940, was approved by the Chief of Engineers on January 23, 1941. Local interests are required to furnish suitable bulkheaded-dis- posal areas for subsequent maintenance at it becomes necessary. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 26 piers and bulkhead wharves in San Juan Harbor capable of docking deep-draft vessels; 18 on the north shore; 3 fronting the graving-dock turning basin; 4 at the Army terminal turning basin; and 1 on the south shore of San Antonio Channel, with an aggregate berthing length of about 25,- 600 feet. However, on account of the average depth, it is esti- mated that the present berthing space available for docking deep- draft vessels is approximately 21,500 feet. Ten of these piers and bulkhead wharves are privately owned, 9 are United States Govern- ment property, and 7 are owned by the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Nineteen are open to the general public use on equal terms; 21 are equipped with mechanical-transfer facilities; 3 have direct connection with a railroad system. In addition, the bulkhead- wharf sections between piers 1 and 2, 2 and 3, 3 and 5, 7 and 8, 8 and 9, 9 and 10, westerly side of pier No. 2, and the pile-and-timber pier owned and operated by the Department of Agriculture and Commerce of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico at Catano Point, have a berthing space with an aggregate length of about 2,100 feet. This berthing space is being used mostly by schooners, auxiliary vessels, and other craft within the 18-foot draft range. Four of these-sections are publicly owned and 4 are the property of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; all are open to the general public on equal terms. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: United 508 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 States hopper dredge Hyde removed 157,114 cubic yards of mater- ial, place measurement, January 9-March 5, 1956, at a cost of $110,335. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $9,349. The total cost for the fiscal year was $119,684. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1942, except for 16,000 cubic yards of rock remaining in the entrance channel that were not removed by the contractor, the contract having been terminated by supplemental agreement. The controlling depths are as follows: Entrance channel, as of September 1949, 37 feet for a width of 400 feet along the center of the channel to the bend; thence 30 feet for a width decreasing from 500 feet to 350 feet along the center of the channel from the bend to the maneuvering area; 29 feet in the maneuvering area; 29 feet in the anchorage area; 29 feet in San Antonio Channel; 29 feet in the graving-dock channel and turning basin; 28 feet in the Army terminal channel and turning basin in April 1956. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular___.....__------------------------- $3,155,919 $1,258,264 $4,414,183 Public works_ __--------------------------- 427,068 24,737 451,805 Total United States_ ---------------- 3,582,987 1,283,001 4,865,988 Contributed--.....------- ------------- - 100,000 ..............------------------- 100,000 _ Total ..............------------------------------ 3,682,987 1,283,001 4,965,988 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 2 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........------....-------- --------- ------------ ------------------------ $4,330,671 Cost---- -------------------------------------------------------- 4,330,671 Maintenance: Appropriated--....... $7,918 $22,505 $2,250 -$175 $119,684 1,327,732 Cost_---------------- 15,209 20,447 4,166 -33 119,684 1,327,732 1 Includes $747,684 for new work and $44, 730 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $100,000 were expended for new work from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project______________-------------- $64, 000 16. MAYAGUEZ HARBOR, P. R. Location. The harbor is on the west coast of Puerto Rico, about 110 miles by water from San Juan Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 920 and 931.) Existing project. This provides for an approach channel to the deepwater terminal, 30 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide at the outer end, decreasing uniformly in width to 500 feet opposite the west- erly end of the terminal, thence continuing with the same width to RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 509 the inshore end of the terminal. The mean tidal range is 1.1 feet. The actual cost of new work was $168,187. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $9,000. The project was author- ized by the Public Works Administration on September 6, 1933, and adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (H. Doc. 215, 72d Cong., 1st sess., and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 1, 73d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the former document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminals consist of 2 piers, used by small craft, located on shoal water in the east-central section of the harbor; and a modern deepwater terminal in the northeast section of the harbor, consisting of a bulkhead wharf about 1,270 feet long with a storage shed 800 feet long and 60 feet wide immediately shoreward thereof. The facilities appear adequate for the normal needs of commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: United States hopper dredge Hyde removed 12,006 cubic yards of soft material, place measurement, March 27-31, 1956 at a cost of $12,684. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $2,302. The total cost for the fiscal year was $14,986 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1934. Controlling depth was 30 feet in the approach channel, except for two isolated shoals 29.5 and 29.1 in the maneuvering area, and for shoal in the southeasterly corner (not used by shipping) with at least depth of 24.3 feet. Sounding to 1956. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular---_--------------------------------- $21,000 $153,104 $174,104 Public works ------------------------------- 147,187 -------------------- 147,187 Total_-------------------------------- 168,187 153,104 321,291 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........------------------------------------------------------------ $168,187 Maintenance: Appropriated------......_ -$413--------------------------------- $14,986 153,104 Cost----------------- 9,234-------------------------------- 14,986 153,104 510 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 17. REMOVING THE WATER HYACINTH FROM NAVIGABLE WATERS IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA Location. The water hyacinth is found in the fresh-water streams and lakes in various parts of the district. Existing project. This provides for the destruction or removal of the water hyacinth in the navigable waters of the State so far as they constitute an obstruction to commerce, using any mechanical, chemical, or other means not injurious to cattle, and the use of log booms to close sloughs and backwaters as an auxiliary means. No estimate of the final cost of the work has been made. The current annual maintenance estimate is $60,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts : Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 For the construction and operation of a suitable vessel, H. Doc. 91, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and for the use of log booms as adjuncts to the opera- and Annual Report 1899, pp. tion of the vessel, for the removal of water hyacinths 1613-1623. in the navigable waters of the State of Florida. June 13, 1902 For the extermination and removal of water hyacinths Specified in act. by any mechanical chemical, or other means. Mar. 3, 1905 Prohibits the use of any chemical process injurious Do. to cattle. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Local- ities where hired labor operations were conducted during the year and costs thereof are tabulated below: Locality Cost St. Johns River and tributaries-------.......... -........-.- __ ............ ... - $46,645 Okeechobee Waterway ............-.......... _........ ... .. ... ...... _------- . 4,044 Hillsboro River............................------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 Withlacoochee River...........................------------------------------------------------------------. 4,266 R eports ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total cost . --------------------------------------------------------------- 54,959 Conditionat end of fiscal year. The project is for maintenance. A chemical for spraying was tested in August and September 1900; spraying was begun in November 1902 but was discontinued in February 1906 because of the injurious effect on cattle. Subse- quent operations through the fiscal year 1938 consisted chiefly of breaking up jams and drifting, except from November 1909 to February 1918, when an elevator was used to either place the plants on shore or to form them in deep piles that could be carried away by the currents. Later operations, through April 1948, have consisted principally of construction of temporary and per- manent traps at strategic points, and shredding with cutterboats. Spraying with a new chemical, which is not injurious to cattle or fish, was begun in March 1948, to supplement other methods, and has proven to be highly effective. Since that date, spraying has gradually become the principal method of destruction, supple- mented by previously used methods. During September 1949, large areas of hyacinths in St. Johns River were sprayed by air- RIVERS AND HARBORS---JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 511 plane, with satisfactory results. At the close of the fiscal year, the St. Johns River and tributary streams were open and in good condition. The Withlacoochee River from Croom to Backwater is open and in good condition with the exception of two trees down between Croom and Nobleton (these are partially blocking the river.) Another fallen tree partially blocks the river between Stokes Ferry and Dunnellon. The Okeechobee Waterway and the Kissimmee River were also open and in good condition. Total cost under existing project to June 30, 1956, has been $1,533,823 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ $75,000 $53,705 $65,580 $58,300 $52,819 $1,533,910 Cost------_-__---- 76,568 52,239 64,447 59,441 52,773 1,533,758 1 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by + $2,186, pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------- _ $86 18. NAVIGATION PROJECT'S ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey conducted Florida: Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway, Norfolk, Va. to St. Johns River-- _....------------------------- $1,355.17May 1956. Cedar Keys Harbor_------------------------------ 600.27 February 1956. Fort Pierce Harbor_---------------------------- 1,211.76 April-May 1956. Intracoastal Waterway, Caloosahatchee River to Anclote River. _----....-------------.-----__ 2,103.47 May 1956. Intracoastal Waterway, Miami to Key West........ 3,515.97 April-July 1956. Key West Harbor------------------------------- 2,029.92 May 1956. Kissimmee River_--------------------------------- 172.49 October 1955. Port Everglades Harbor --------------------------- 1,628.63 January-February 1956. St. Johns River to Lake Harney------..---.---.-... 1,826.52 February 1956. St. Lucie Inlet_----- .......-...-.--...-.---.-. . 1,037.74 March-June 1956. St. Petersburg Harbor-------------................- 977.18 January 1956. Tampa Harbor__ --------------------------------- 2,007.08 February-May 1956. Withlacoochee River-----------------------------. 3,341.83 May-June 1956. Puerto Rico: Ponce Harbor----......---...-..-------.-...... . 79.53 October-November 1955. Total cost during fiscal year_.......-------.-.. - 21,887.56 512 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 19. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance (1956 prices) 1. Anclote River, Fla-......................._.. 1950 $178,427 $88,957 $68,000 2. Atlantic-Gulf Ship Canal, Fla.l............. 1939 25,099,153 . ...................... 3. Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway between Norfolk, Va., and the St. Johns River, Fla. (Jax., Fla. Dist.)----- -------- 1954 361,225 21843,662 (4) 4. Cedar Keys Harbor, Fla.- s__8 _ ____ 1932 147,021 30,000 3,500 5. Christiansted Harbor, V. I.20________________ 9 1950 366,000 6. Courtenay Channel, Fla.3 e- 1940 22,846 (4) 7. Crystal River, Fla.____ 1941 25,000 19,993 (4) 8. Eau Gallie Harbor, Fla.3 20 6 1940 9,627 (4) 9. Fajardo Harbor, P. R. _____________________ 1945 7420,000 10. Guayanes Harbor, P. R.8 20 1945 8161,000 11. Homosassa River, Fla.... 1937 to3,999 697 (4) 12. Horseshoe Cove, Fla 20 ....................... _ - 1950 244,000 13. Hudson River, Fla. __ .C 1950 394,000 14. Intracoastal Waterway, Caloosahatchee River to Anclote River, Fla____-__-_____ 1955 2 689,315 555,794 6,496,000 15. Intracoastal Waterway, Cross-Florida Barge Canal, Fla.20._ 1951 I...___......__ 2a1,472,034 100,535,000 16. Intracoastal Waterway Miami to, Key West, Fla.20 1953 203,368 325 2,860,000 17. Key West Harbor, Fla.3 5.._................. 1950 1,040,409 238,743 2,047,000 18. Kissimmee River, Fla.*..._ 8 1931 23,479 25,202 (4) 19. Lake Cresent and Dunns, Creek, Fla.3 5 ... 1931 10,276 8,166 146,000 20. Little Manatee River, a Fla. ................ 1949 -.---.-------- 158,000 21. Manatee River, Fla. s__ _ __8__ ....._ 1938 123,350 101,214 15,000 22. Melbourne Harbor, Fla.3__ 1939 17,696 (4) 23. Naples to Big Marco Pass, Channel, Fla. 8__. 1950 37,525 47,329 (4) 24. Orange River, Fla.3-..___ ........._ _.. ..._ 1937 2,000 8,574 (4) 25. O zona C h annel, Fla ---......-- ----- 1950 91,000 26. Palm Beach, Fla. Beach erosion control 20 - - 1950 118,000 27. Palm Beach, Fla. side Channel and basin 5_ 1946 1s 140,000 28. Pinellas County, Fla. beach erosion control. (19) 1835,000 29. Pithlachascotee River, Fla.6__ ______ 1950 57,946 162,000 30. Ponce Harbor, P. R----..------ 1949 14176,294 1,254,000 31. Port Everglades Harbor, Fla ............... 1954 2,200,538 498,846 (4) 32. St. Johns River, Fla., Jax to Lake Harney__. 1953 1,171,243 459,513 (4) 33. St. Johns River, Fla., Beresford cutoff and Deep Creek improvement ___............. 1953 (11) (15) 153,000 34. St. Lucie Inlet, Fla. 3__. 1949 123,602 (4) 35. St. Petersburg Harbor, Fla .... 1 69,697 ______ 1950 221,578 291,000 36. St. Thomas Harbor, V. I.__________________ 1949 3,440,000 37. Snagging and clearing under authority of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, 1945___-------------- 1955 39,288 17197,234 38. Steinhatchee River, Fla. ___________ 1940 135,053 514 ------------------- 4---- (\ 39. Suwannee River, Fla.5 18__ 5 1940 76,418 37,394 201,000 40. Withlacoochee River, Fla. .... _._......_.._ 1954 614,912 227,601 81,000 1 Not formally adopted by Congress. Modified plan is recommended in H. Doc. 194, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 2 Emergency relief funds. 3 Channels adequate for commerce. 4 Complete, b Inactive, latest cost estimate 1954. 6 No commerce reported. 7 In addition $30,000 to be contributed by local interests. 8 Awaiting local cooperation. 9 In addition $40,000 to be contributed by local interests. to In addition $1,000 were expended from contributed funds. 1 The estimate of $8,000 represents the extent to which the Federal Government is authorized to participate and is one-third the cost chargeable to publicly owned shore frontage. The estimated cost to local interests is $242,500. 12Authorizing Act limits Federal participation to $140,000. In addition $280,000 to be contributed by local interests. 1aThe estimate of $35,000 represents the total estimated cost applicable to federally owned shore and one-third of the cost applicable to publicly owned shore. The estimated cost to local interests is $683,000. 14In addition $21,960 were expended from contributed funds. 1 Included with total costs to date for the project. 16In addition $6,353 were expended from contributed funds. 17In addition $1,672 were expended from contributed funds. 18Curtailment of existing project recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 19Authorized by River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, but due to no activity in the fiscal year and policy on brevity, details of project are not in report. * To be restudied. FLOOD CONTROL-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 513 n Includes $982 expended for removal of dolphins at Kingsley Creek Bridge. " Includes $6,517 expended on special report on local cooperation. s Includes $7,122 expended on special report of economic analysis. 20. CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN FLORDIA Location. The project area includes the Upper St. Johns River and related areas, the Kissimmee River basin and related areas, and the Lake Okeechobee-Everglades-east coast areas, all in cen- tral and southern Florida. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 473, 1245, 1246, 1247, 1248, and 1289 and "Florida Everglades Drainage District," U. S. Geological surveys quad- rangle sheets of the area, and Soil Conservation Service maps Nos. 1524 to 1561, July 1946.) The Upper St. Johns River and related areas lie principally in Orange, Brevard, Indian River, and St. Lucie Counties. The Kissimmee River basin and related areas begin in Orange County and extend southerly through Osceola, Polk, Highlands, Okeechobee, and Glades Counties. Lake Okeechobee and its regulatory outlets lie in Palm Beach, Martin, Okeechobee, Glades, Hendry, and Lee Counties. St. Lucie Canal flows from the lake to the Atlantic Ocean; the Caloosa- hatchee River, from the lake to the Gulf of Mexico. The lower east coast region embraces the populous urban and agricultural areas in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties. The region lies along the coast from the St. Lucie Canal south to near the tip of the State, and extends 9 to 20 miles inland. The conservation areas lie in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties west of the lower east coast region, and include 1,344 square miles of the Everglades suitable only for water and wild- life conservation. Lake Okeechobee argicultural area lies south of the lake, mostly in western Palm Beach County, but including part of Hendry Coun- ty. The area embraces 1,130 square miles of muck and peat land which is suited for long-term agricultural use. Previous projects. Previous projects consist of completed works for control of Lake Okeechobee included in and constructed under the navigation project for Okeechobee Waterway, Fla. (formerly Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeechobee drainage areas, Florida), and under provisions of River and Harbor Acts, approved July 3, 1930, and August 30, 1935. For further informa- tion see pages 877-882, Annual Report for 1948, and page 785, Annual Report for 1949. Existing project. This provides for modification and expansion of the previous project to include the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in central and southern Florida. The plan provides for the following: a. Upper St. Johns River and related areas: (1) Upper St. Johns River: Levees and control works downstream from Lakes Poinsett and Washington, and outlet channels with control works at each of those lakes and at Lake Wilmington, all on the St. Johns River; and (2) related areas: These areas are comprised of the upper prairies, North Fork of St. Lucie River, and Allapattah Flats 514 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 area. Improvement and control structures in the existing Belcher Canal and diversion canal, and a new canal with a control struc- ture on the St. Lucie-Martin County line. b. Kissimmee River basin and related areas: (1) Kissimmee River basin: Levees and control structures at the outlets of Lakes Mary Jane, Preston, Alligator, Gentry, East Tohopekaliga, Tohopekaliga, Hatchineha, and Kissimmee, and an improved chan- nel downstream from each structure; and enlarged channel and control structures in the river; (2) Istokpoga Area: Levees along the eastern and southern shores of Lake Istokpoga, and con- trol structures and improvements of the existing Indian Prairie, Harney Pond, State Road 70, and Slough ditch canals; (3) Fish- eating Creek area: A spillway in the bank of Fisheating Creek where it enters the flood plain, and a discharge canal into Lake Okeechobee formed by interconnecting existing borrow pits along the north side of the existing Lake Okeechobee levees with a chan- nel to the spillway; and (4) Moore Haven and Newhall drainage district: Extension of the western end of the existing Lake Okeechobee levee southwestward to near Fisheating Creek; ex- tension of the project levee along State Road 78 southward to join the old Everglades drainage district dike, and enlargement of Canal 19, the major drainage outlet of the area west of the New- hall drainage district. c. Everglades lower east coast area: (1) An east-coast-protec- tive levee from the Homestead area north to West Palm Beach Canal; a levee with control works extending from the Homestead area southerly to near the tip of the Peninsula, thence easterly to Biscayne Bay, thence to about 15 miles south of Miami; (2) im- provements for completion of conservation areas for water im- poundment and flood discharge in the Everglades area west of the east-coast-protective levee, including levees within the conserva- tion area separating it into three parts, with gated spillways for discharge of water from one part to the next, and, finally, through gated spillways in Tamiami Trail to the undeveloped area to the south, and a bridge culvert where Tamiami Trail intersects a canal and levee extending southerly on the west side of the conservation area; and (3) local protection works in the area along the east coast from northern Palm Beach County to southern Dade County, including two pumping stations and complete protective works in the Davie agricultural area, canal improvements and enlargements, new canals, spillway headworks at the edge of the conservation area, bridge crossings, and outlet barriers. d. Okeechobee-Everglades area: (1) Levees and canals en- circling the developed and undeveloped portions of the Lake Okeechobee agricultural area from Caloosahatchee River south- easterly to about 4 miles east of the Hendry-Palm Beach County line; thence southerly to near the Palm Beach-Broward County line projected, thence southeasterly to the three-county intersec- tion, thence easterly on the Palm Beach-Broward County line across Miami and North New River Canals (with a levee south on this canal to east-coast-protective levee), thence northeasterly to Hillsboro Canal (with a levee south on this canal to east-coast-pro- FLOOD CONTROL--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 515 tective levee) ; (2) intermediate levees and canals via Bolles Canal from Miami Canal (with a canal and levee on improved Ocean Canal to West Palm Beach Canal) eastward to Hillsboro Canal, thence southeastward along Hillsboro Canal to the limit of the agricultural area, thence northward crossing West Palm Beach Canal and continuing to near the easterly extremity of Lake Okeechobee; (3) enlargement of Miami, North New River, Hills- boro, and West Palm Beach Canals, within the protected area; (4) five feeder canals within the protected area; (5) three pump- ing stations at Lake Okeechobee and pumping stations at the east- ern edge of the protected area on West Palm Beach and Hillsboro Canals; and at the southern limit of the protected area on the North New River and Miami Canals; (6) a spillway at the eastern edge of the agricultural area on the new canal crossing West Palm Beach Canal, and culverts in West Palm Beach Canal on both sides of the new canal; (7) improving control of Lake Okeechobee by enlarging St. Lucie Canal and Caloosahatchee River, including modification of spillways and structures; (8) a spillway at Moore Haven, with an outlet canal to Caloosahatchee River; (9) enlarge- ment of existing Lake Okeechobee levees, including paving and revetment as necessary, and construction of levees on northeast and northwest shores of Lake Okeechobee; (10) initiation of con- struction and operation of a system of meteorological and hydro- logical stations; and (11) under maintenance, the operation and care of the spillway to be constructed at Moore Haven and the main spillways between and at the southerly edge of the conservation areas. Upon completion, local interests are to assume maintenance and operation of all works in c and d above, except the gated spillways referred to in c and features (7) through (10) in d, which works will be operated and maintained by the United States. In addition, the project includes maintenance (since July 1, 1950) of control works completed with river and harbor funds under the previous navigation project for Okeechobee Waterway, Fla. (formerly Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeechobee drainage areas, Flor- ida), as follows: (a) A levee about 67.8 miles long from Fish- eating Creek to St. Lucie Canal, following in general the south shore of the lake, and a northshore levee 15.74 miles long (those levees are to be improved and enlarged under the existing project) ; (b) 4 auxiliary floodway channels extending into Lake Okeechobee at or near Liberty Point, mouth of Fisheating Creek, mouth of Kissimmee River, and mouth of Taylor Creek; (c) collection and evaluation of meteorological data; and (d) operation and care of spillways at the St. Lucie and Ortona locks, 5 hurricane gates on Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage culverts through the west-, south-, and east-shore levees and 4 on the north shore of Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage spillways along the St. Lucie Canal, and an intercom- municating radio-telephone network of 8 stations. The following table shows the principal features of the hurri- cane gates constructed under previous projects for the Okeechobee Waterway, Fla., and maintained under the existing project since July 1, 1950: 516 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Nearest town Hurri- Depth Character Year cane over of com- Actual gate Distance sills found- pleted cost No.1 Name (miles) (feet) dation 2 Clewiston, Fla------------------ 0 10 Pile-------....... 1935 $309,748 3 Lake Harbor, Fla--------------- 0.5 10 Rock...... 1935 316,938 4 Belle Glade, Fla ---------------- 4.0 10 _..do....... 1935 350,025 5 Canal Point, Fla.....--------------- 0 10 _do -- - 1935 262,465 6 Okeechobee, Fla........---------------- 6.0 7 Pile-------....... 1936 373,273 1 All are 50 feet wide, with available length unlimited. They are constructed of concrete with steel sector gates, and have no lift. Hurricane gate No. 6 has an auxiliary culvert spillway with automatic control. Lake Okeechobee is maintained, so far as possible, between elevation 13 and 15 feet, mean sea level. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1956, is $220,- 400,000 United States funds and $36,600,000 contributed funds, exclusive of river and harbor funds expended on previous projects. In addition, the estimated cost to local interests of lands, rights-of- way, and relocation is $28,100,000 (1956). The current annual maintenance estimate is $250,000. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Con- trol Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 30, 1948 The first phase of the comprehensive plan for flood H. Doec. 643, 80th Cong., 2d sess. control and other purposes, and authorized to be (contains latest published maps). appropriated $16,300,000 for partial accomplish- ment of the first phase. May 17, 1950 Authorized to be appropriated an additional $20 Specified in act. million for continuation of the first phase. Sept. 3, 1954 Modification and expansion of authorization for the H. Doec. 643, 80th Cong., 2d sess. comprehensive plan given by the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, as amended, to include entire comprehensive plan of improvement as recom- mended by the Chief of Engineers in House Docu- ment 643, 80th Cong., 2 sess., and authorized to be appropriated an additional $7,000,000 for partial accomplishment of said plan. Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 643, 80th Cong., 2d sess.), imposed the conditions that local interests shall provide all lands, easements, and right- of-way; make a cash contribution of 15 percent of the estimated construction cost for each part of the work prior to its initiation (with the provision that the total cash contribution for the entire comprehensive plan shall not exceed $29,152,000); and furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages due to the con- struction and operation of the works and that they will maintain and operate all the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army, except the levees, channels, locks, and control works of the St. Lucie Canal, Lake Okeechobee, and Caloosahatchee River, and the main spill- ways of the conservation areas. In May 1949, the Florida State legislature passed legislation pro- viding for creation of districts for flood control, reclamation, con- servation, and allied purposes to cooperate with the United States on Federal projects; for creation of the Central and Southern FLOOD CONTROL-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 517 Florida Flood Control District, and for consolidation of the former Everglades Drainage District with that district; and for other measures necessary for full compliance with all requirements of local cooperation. A resolution adopted August 1, 1949, by the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District, assuming full responsibility for compliance with the requirements of local co- operation as set forth in the project document, was accepted by the Chief of Engineers on November 25, 1949, as satisfactory assur- ance of compliance. The Flood Control District has furnished right-of-way and other interest in land, and has contributed the required 15 percent of the estimated construction cost for each feature of the project, when and as requested by the district engi- neer. In response to a request of local interests on June 10, 1950, urging construction of the eastern boundary levees of the conser- vation area to an intermediate grade, the Chief of Engineers out- lined a general policy permitting such construction, provided that local interests agree to maintain the levees at those heights pending completion to full grade. The Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District has agreed to assume full respon- sibility for maintenance of the levees so constructed. The Flood Control District has accepted responsibility for opera- tion and maintenance of features as they are completed and form- ally transferred to them. (See par. "Condition at end of fiscal year" for features and transfer dates.) Those features are period- ically inspected by District Engineers' Staff and the Flood Control District advised of maintenance needed. The Flood Control District was authorized, and obtained con- gressional approval to advance $2,900,000 to accelerate the con- struction program beginning in the fiscal year 1955, and to receive credit for that amount on the total cash contribution required of $29,152,000. The Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, imposed the requirements that the conditions of local cooperation for the authorized first phase heretofore approved by said flood-control act shall apply to that authorized first phase, but for all work over and beyond that previous authorization such conditions shall apply on an interim basis only until they shall be modified as deemed appropriate by the Congress, based on recommendations to be sub- mitted at the earliest practicable date by the Chief of Engineers, through the Bureau of the Budget to the Congress: provided, that whatever conditions of local cooperation are established by Con- gress as the result of such recommendations shall be retroactive to any units of the comprehensive plan authorized in this act which may be started prior to establishment of the exact conditions of local cooperation. The Flood Control District's resolution adopted September 15, 1954, agreeing to all the conditions imposed by the 1954 Act, has been accepted by the District Engineer as satisfactory assurance of compliance. In addition to the local cooperation requirements for the author- ized project, local interests propose additional and related works in the form of a secondary system of channels to further serve the 518 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 land developer, who in turn will construct the necessary laterals, field ditches, farm levees and pump units, all of which will permit maximum benefits from the major flood-control works as provided by the project. The Flood Control District is now engaged in preliminary planning of the secondary system of channels, and for the Everglades Agricultural Area estimates the cost as follows: Secondary channel system ----------------------------- $6, 000, 000 Land development water control system (laterals, field ditches, etc.) ------------------------------------------------ 35,700,000 The Flood Control District proposes to provide the necessary rights-of-way for the secondary channel system. The land de- veloper, either an organized subdrainage district or individual landowner, will bear the cost of construction of the secondary chan- nels and all cost for development of the farm protective works. Local interests are also performing work in the unauthorized portion of the project which is not required by the authorizing act. In 1950 the Flood Control District adopted a program of emergency construction of new works or improvements of existing works necessary to prevent flood damages in areas where the con- struction of the works of the flood control program would be years in being realized. This program is estimated by the Flood Con- trol District to cost $2,000,000, of which over 700,000 has been spent. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work accom- plished during the fiscal year is tabulated below: Work and locality Period Cost New Work: Contract: Railroads (Bridges) Alteration of B-2, FEC Railway bridge on C-9- ...---- Sept. 6, 1955 to $190,500 Apr. 19, 1956. Alteration of B-92, FEC Railway bridge on L-20----------- Aug. 18, 1955 to 9,762 Sept. 23, 1955. Alteration of B-86, FEC Railway bridge on L-8 ----------- Nov. 2, 1955 to 12,895 Dec. 2, 1955. Channels and Canals: Construction of C-9, see. 4, 4.7 miles long. ............... July 1, 1955 to 108,964 Nov. 4, 1955. Excavation at B-8 on C-9_.......------------------------- July 1, 1955 to 23,913 July 5, 1955. Levees: Construction of L-15, sec. 2, 2.8 miles long (continuing con- July 1, 1955 to 59,855 tract) (in progress and 92 percent completed at beginning Aug. 13, 1955. of fiscal year). Construction of L-14, 9.0 miles long (continuing contract) July 1, 1955 to 288,148 (in progress and 48 percent completed at beginning of Dec. 3, 1955. fiscal year). Construction of L-19, 10.2 miles long (continuing contract) July 1, 1955 to 372,981 (in progress and 17 percent completed at beginning of Dec. 15, 1955. fiscal year). Construction of L-10, 10.3 miles long (in progress and 48 per- July 1, 1955 to 199,530 cent completed at beginning of fiscal year). Jan. 13, 1956. Construction of L-2 and L-3, 20.6 miles long (continuing July 1, 1955 to 728,798 contract) (in progress and 32 percent completed at begin- Jan. 20, 1956. ning of fiscal year). Construction of L-12, 10.5 miles long (continuing contract) July 1, 1955 to 439,607 (in progress and 53 percent completed at beginning of June 12, 1956. fiscal year). Construction of L-20 (continuing contract) ------------- Oct. 22, 1955 to 637,673 June 30, 1956. Construction of L-4 and L-28 (continuing contract) ......... Jan. 14, 1956 to 395,678 June 30, 1956. Construction of L-6 (continuing contract)------ -------- Jan. 24, 1956 to 224,649 June 30, 1956. FLOOD CONTROL--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 519 Work and locality Period Cost Levees-Continued Construction of L-25 (continuing contract) -------------- Mar. 29, 1956 to 101,221 June 30, 1956. Construction of L-8, Remainder (continuing contract)...... June 23, 1956 to 0 June 30, 1956. Pumping Plants: Fabrication of pump station 9 machinery (continuing con- July 1, 1955 to 23,115 tract) (96 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). June 30, 1956. Construction of pump station 9 structure (continuing con- July 1, 1955 to 422,223 tract) (31 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). June 30, 1956. Fabrication of pump station 2 machinery (continuing con- tract) (67 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). .... do_ ---.-. 153,741 Fabrication of pump station 6 machinery (continuing con- -.... do_ ------.-- 281,638 tract) (44 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). Construction of pump station 2 structure (continuing con- _ .-.do---------......... 814,704 tract) (27 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). Construction of pump station 6 structure (continuing con- -_....do .....--------- 600,573 tract) (7 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). Fabrication of pump station 3 machinery (continuing con- .... do..---------....... 500,021 tract) (4 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). Construction of pump station 3 structure (continuing con- Oct. 12, 1955 to 235,969 tract). June 30, 1956. Floodway Control and Diversion Structures Construction of July 18, 1955 to 202,090 S-22 (continuing contract). May 24, 1956. Construction of S-5AX and warehouse----------------- Feb 27, 1956 to 53,892 June 30, 1956. Costs incurred this fiscal year on work completed in prior ----------.-..-.-.- 201,273 fiscal year. Engineering and design.------ .--------- ---- --..- .--- .... 896,932 Supervision and administration_-...... ..- ...-.-- .---- . 506,068 Total new w ork-- -.. ..-.- -.--.-- -- -- --- -- ----. .- -- ..- -- -. 8,686,413 Maintenance: Contract: Riprap repairs to toe of Lake Okeechobee levees in Divisions 2 July 11, 1955 to 74,985 and 9. Sept. 2, 1955. Hired labor: Inspection, patrol, and maintenance of Lake Okeechobee levee Fiscal year........ 36,731 slopes, ramps, crown roads, protective planting, and cattle fences. Periodic and miscellaneous surveys and inspections, super- .__-do-- .......... 28,694 vision and administration, and other routine work. Clear silt, hyacinth, etc., from land-side approach channels .....do---------........... 1,591 to culverts in Lake Okeechobee levees. Periodic inspection of features and structures transferred to ..... do-------............ 1,357 local interests. Tree topping on 34 miles of levee berm, Divisions 1, 2, 3, and Aug. 31, 1955 to 20,193 9. Apr. 30, 1956. Clearing of napier grass from landside slope of Lake Okee- Nov. 8, 1955 to 12,107 chobee levees in Division 9. May 7, 1956. Contract: Other miscellaneous repairs, and operation and maintenance Fiscal year-........ 2,908 work. Total maintenance....... .---------------------------- .. . . . . . . . . . 178,566 Operating and care. The spillways at Ortona and St. Lucie locks, 5 hurricane gates on Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage culverts through the west-, south-, and east-shore levees and 4 on the north shore of Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage spillways along St. Lucie Canal, and an inter-communicating radiotelephone network of 8 stations were operated and maintained by hired labor. Sand- blasting and painting hurricance gate No. 4 under contract for pumping station 2 was in progress at close of year. The total c'ost for the fiscal year was $25,081. The total costs for the fiscal year were as follows: 520 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Regulation. Lake Okeechobee stages varied between elevation 13.7 and 10.5 feet above mean sea level during fiscal year 1956. Under the approved regulation schedule lake stages are maintained between elevation 15.5 and 12.5 feet insofar as possible. However, severe drought conditions resulted in unusually low stages this year although the lake was regulated in accordance with the ap- proved schedule. Below-normal runoff prevailed during the year and there was no flooding in the project area. Average rainfall over Lake Okeechobee during the fiscal year was 35 inches, and the evaporation from the lake was 60 inches. The available net-water supply in Lake Okeechobee was a deficiency of 159,000 acre-feet. No regulatory releases were made through the St. Lucie Canal. Regulatory releases of about 314,000 acre-feet were made through the Caloosahatchee River in July and August. About 639,000 acre-feet of water were required to supply irrigation demands or were released to the conservation areas. Storage in Lake Okee- chobee was reduced by 1,112,000 acre-feet during fiscal year 1956. A critical shortage of water developed during the spring months of 1956 in the areas around Lake Okeechobee. Discharge of Kissimmee River from October to June was the lowest experienced in the 26 years of record, and the level of Lake Okeechobee fell gradually from the peak stage of 13.7 in September to the mini- mum stage of 10.5 in June. Navigation was curtailed after February when lake stage was below elevation 12.56, required to provide project depth of 8 feet. The drought lowered ground- water levels in southern Florida and increased the rate of subsi- dence of the peat soils and numerous destructive ground fires occurred in agricultural and conservation areas. However, the agricultural needs of several hundred thousand acres of irrigated land were adequately supplied from the lake during the dry season. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was about 14 per- cent completed. The following features were constructed under previous projects for the Okeechobee Waterway, Fla., and are maintained under this project: A levee 67.8 miles long from Fisheating Creek to St. Lucie Canal, following in general the south shore of the lake, January 1932 to March 1936; a north-shore levee 15.74 miles long, July 1936 to February 1938; the spillway at Ortona lock, Novembei 1934 to August 1937; 4 auxiliary floodway channels extending into Lake Okeechobee at or near Liberty Point, mouth of Fisheating Creek, mouth of Kissimmee River, and mouth of Taylor Creek, June 1932 to February 1938; 5 hurricane gates through the levees at entrance to canals at Clewiston, Lake Harbor, South Bay, Canal Point, and Taylor Creek, November 1933 to December 1936; 16 FLOOD CONTROL-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 521 drainage culverts through the west-, south-, and east-shore levees, and 4 similar culverts through the north-shore levee, December 1933 to December 1936; and 16 drainage spillways at drainage openings along the banks of the St. Lucie Canal, November 1934 to September 1935. Planning for the existing project was begun in November 1948 and has been continued. Construction under the existing project has been accomplished as follows: Date transferred to Length Construction flood-control district Feature (miles) period for operation and maintenance Railroad bridges: B-2------- ----------------- September 1955 to April 1956. B-8_-- --------------------- July 1954 to June 1955. B-86-- ----------------------- November to December 1955. B-92----- .......------------------ August to September 1955. Channels and canals: C-2 (sec. 1)---------------------- 1.2 February to June 1955 ..- July 12, 1955. C-9 (sec. 2)--------- -------- 4.4 April 1953 to April 1954 __ May 7, 1954. C-9 (sec. 3)---------------------- 6.5 July 1952 to September Nov. 13, 1953. 1953. C-9 (sec. 4)----- ------------ 3.7 March to November 1955.__ Nov. 15, 1955. C-11_ _-------------------------- 3.7 February to December Jan. 15, 1953. 1953. C-12 and 13 (sec. 1)------------ 10.9 July 1953 to February 1954_ Apr. 15, 1954. 0-13 (sec. 2) --___------------------ 2.7 March to June 1954-....... Aug. 13, 1954. C-42------ ----------------- 5.4 June to August 1950-....... Jan. 1, 1952. Levees: L-1 (sec. 1)---....--..------------- 10.0 January 1953 to February Apr. 15, 1954. 1954. L-2 and 3---------------------- 20.6 April 1955 to January 1956_ Apr. 1, 1956. L-7 ------------------------- 14.7 January 1953 to June 1955_. July 1, 1955. L-8 (including tieback levee) .....- 29.2 July 1950 to October 1952__ July 14, 1952; Nov. 13, 1953; May 7, 1954. L-10---....--------------------- 10.3 December 1954 to January Mar. 1, 1956. 1956. L-12-_ __-----_----------------- 10.2 September 1954 to June June 29, 1956. 1956. L-14_----.------------------- 9.1 January 1955 to December Dec. 31, 1955. 1955. L-15 (sec. 1)--__ .---------------- 6.4 October 1954 to June 1955__ July 1, 1955. L-15 (sec. 2)_---- ---------- 8.0 January 1954 to August Sept. 12, 1955. 1955. L-19........ ......---------------- 12.5 March to December 1955. Jan. 15, 1956. L-30----------------------- 13.9 May 1951 to July 1952--_,. Sept. 15, 1952. L-31 (north part)--- ---------- 10.8 March to September 1952_, Oct. 15, 1952. L-33 and 37------------------------ 14.8 March 1951 to February Sept. 15, 1952. 1952. L-35 ---------------------------- 4.8 March 1950 to May 1951-.. January 1, 1952. L-35A --- ------------------- 6.0 January to July 1950------ Do. L-36--................--------------------- 11.4 March 1950 to May 1951... Do. L-40 North--------- ---------- 2.6 November 1950 to July Sept. 15, 1952. 1951. South _..------------------- 26.1 May 1951 to December May 15, 1953. 1952. L-43 Initial---_ 0.3 ._---------------- September to October 1950. Reconstruction and extension - 0.7 September to October 1952. Federa O. & M. 522 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Date transferred to Length Construction flood-control district Feature (miles) period for operation and maintenance Pumping plants and drainage facilities: Pump Sta. 5A auxiliary structures ---.-- July 1952 to January 1954_.. Apr. 15, 1954. 5A-e, W & S. S-5A-..........-.......-..............._ ... March 1953 to April 1955.. May 2, 1955. S-11 ......___ ---- ......------- ........ __ . ___May 1952 to March 1954___ Federal O. & M. ........- S-13-------------- - .... June 1953 to October 1954__ Nov. 1, 1954. S-22 -------------------------------- July 1955 to May 1956..._. June 25, 1956. S-24A -------------------------------- March to September 1952__ Oct. 15, 1952. S-29........--------------------------------..... August 1952 to November Dec. 11, 1953. 1953. S-32.............--------------------------------_ March 1951 to February Sept. 15, 1952. 1952. S-32A --------------------------------- May to July 1952---------- Do. ..... S-33 and 36____ ___.-.. -....... July 1953 to October 1954__ Nov. 1, 1954. S-34 --------------------------------. _ March 1951 to February Sept. 15, 1952. 1952. .......------------ Temporary culvert at S-34----- March to June 1954 .....- Aug. 13, 1954. S-39 ..................... ----------. August 1951 to October Sept. 15, 1952. 1952. S-76_--------------------------------.. April 1951 to October 1952__ Nov. 13, 1953. The status of works under contract at end of fiscal year was as follows: Construction Percent Feature started completed Railroad bridges: B-93 ...---------------------------------------- Contract awarded Not started. Jan. 20, 1956. Levees: L-20 - --------------------------------------- October 1955---------....... 79 L-4 and L-28_ ---------------------------------- January 1956----- .....---... 31 L-6---------------- .....................------------------------------------- January 1956 .....-------- 21 L-25 ............................---------------------------------------- March 1956---...-------... 21 L-8 (Remainder) ------------------------------- June 1956-------- ............-- 0 Pumping plants and drainage facilities: Pump Sta. 9, machinery_------ _____ June 1953----------- .--------- 981 Pump Sta. 9, structure____ ..-----------.-- ____ November 1953_ .... __ 75 Pump Sta. 2, machinery-. ...------------------------- .........--.. May 1954--------- 98 Pump Sta. 2, structure---.-------- ..------_-. October 1954....--------- 92 Pump Sta. 6, machinery-------------------_-_ - September 1954 92 -____. Pump Sta. 6, structure_ __-----------------------. February 1955 ...... - 62 Pump Sta. 3, machinery__-----_-_-----------------. May 1955 ----------- 89 Pump Sta. 3, structure_ -------------------------- _ October 1955....--------- 22 S-5AX and warehouse--.....---.-------..---.-..-- - February 1956-......... 99 The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to complete construction of features under contract and all remaining works described in the paragraph "existing project." The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: Costs Funds Operations New work Maintenance and care Total United States_ _____-____- Contributed-_ -- $28,973,042 )I $1,315,083|1 7,302,970.....................-......... $220,247 $30,508,372 7,302,970 3 0808 T otal . . .-- ................... 36,276,012 1,315,083 220,247 37,811,342 GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 523 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-........ $6,000,000 $4,974,000 ----------- $4,250,000 $6,590,000 $29,614,000 Cost_ ...---------.- 4,864,386 3,841,822 $5,289,512 4,675,659 26,597,047 28,967,459 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 100,000 90,000 139,659 208,000 113,000 1,550,659 Cost_.-.----..---- 262,529 93,799 110,891 161,820 181,396 1,537,506 1 Exclusive of river and harbor funds expended on previous projects (See cost and financial summary for the Okeechobee Waterway, Fla., project for those costs.) 2 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by + $43,960 new work and - $2,830 main- tenance, pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956... $10, 012 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------------- 8, 460, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-__ 8, 470, 012 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------182, 326, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 __Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-....... $829,650 $1,424,040 $452,700 $2,615,964 $974,158 $7,511,377 Cost................. 879,422 426,716 780,738 2,938,740 12,055,286 7,303,151 1 Differs from "Operations and results during fiscal year" by - $9,881, pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _---- $101, 914 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ----------------------------------------------- 312,800 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957______________________ 414, 714 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ----------------------- 28, 775, 323 21. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Hired labor costs during the fiscal year were $81,246 (exclud- ing $22,511 contributed.) The balance unexpended and accounts payable at the end of the fiscal year of $1,438 (excluding $663 contributed), together with $186,700 Federal and $23,300 con- tributed can be profitably expended during the ensuing fiscal year. 22. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT There were no costs during the fiscal year. The unexpended balance of $31 at the end of fiscal year will be revoked during en- suing fiscal year. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT This district comprises a small portion of southeastern Tennes- see, western Georgia, western Florida, all of Alabama south of the Tennessee River Basin, eastern Mississippi, and a small por- tion of southeastern Louisiana embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Gulf of Mexico, west of the Aucilla River Basin, to and including the Pearl River Basin. It includes the section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway from St. Marks, Fla., to Lake Borgne Light No. 41, Louisiana. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Gulf Intracoastal Waterway 14. Bayou La Batre, Ala .___.__ 560 between Apalachee Bay, 15. Pascagoula Harbor, Miss ... 561 Fla., and the Mexican border 16. Pascagoula River, Miss ...... 564 (Mobile District)_- 525 17. Gulfport Harbor, Miss_--- 565 2. Apalachicola Bay, Fla _----- 528 18. Pearl River, Miss. and La -.. 566 3. Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, 19. Removing the water hyacinth, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Mobile District: _.... _ 568 Fla -- - - - - - - 531 20. Navigation projects on which 4. Buford Dam and Reser- reconnaissance and condi- voir, Apalachicola, Chatta- tion surveys only were con- hoochee, and Flint Rivers, ducted during the fiscal Ga. and Fla .... 536 year _ _ _ _ _. 569 5. Fort Gaines lock and 21. Other authorized navigation dam, Apalachicola, Chatta- projects_.-...------.--.- 570 hoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla .. __ __._ 538 Flood Control 6. Jim Woodruff lock and dam, Apalachicola, Chatta- 22. Allatoona Reservoir, Coosa hoochee, and Flint Rivers, River Basin, Ga_ ..... 570 Ga. and Fla_. . 540 23. Other authorized flood-control 7. Panama City Harbor, Fla -- 542 projects_----------------- 572 8. East Pass Channel from the 24. Inspection of completed flood- Gulf of Mexico into Choc- control works--- .---572 tawhatchee Bay, Fla....... 544 25. Flood-control work under spe- 9. Mobile Harbor, Ala ...... 545 cial authorization .------..- 572 10. Alabama-Coosa Rivers, Ala. and Ga. __.... ... 548 General Investigations 11. Black Warrior, Warrior, and Tombigbee Rivers, Ala .... 552 26. Examinations and surveys..-- 573 12. Dauphin Island Bay, Ala .... 557 27. Collection and study of basic 13. Bayou Coden, Ala_..... _ .. 559 data .------------------- . 573 1. GULF INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN APALACHEE BAY, FLA., AND THE MEXICAN BORDER (MOBILE DISTRICT) Location. This section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway extends generally westward from Apalachee Bay through Ochlockonee Bay, Ochlockonee, Crooked, and Carrabelle Rivers, and St. George Sound to Apalachicola Bay; thence through Apalachicola River, Jackson River, Lake Wimico, Searcy Creek, a landcut, and Wetappo Creek to St. Andrew Bay, Fla.; thence through a landcut to Choctawhatchee Bay, Fla.; thence through Santa Rosa Sound to Pensacola Bay, Fla.; thence through Big Lagoon and Old River, Fla., Perdido Bay, Fla. and Ala., Bay La Lanche, Wolfe Bay, Portage Creek, Oyster Bay, and Bon Secour 525 526 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Bay, Ala., to Mobile Bay, Ala.; thence through Mississippi Sound, Miss., and Lake Borgne, La., to the Rigolets. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts approved May 23, 1828, and July 25, 1912, for the section between Mobile Bay and Mississippi Sound. For further details, see page 906, Annual Report for 1930. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide at mean low water from Apalachee Bay, Fla., to Mobile Bay, Ala., and 12 feet deep and 150 feet wide from Mobile Bay, Ala., to the Rigolets, La. (Lake Borgne Light No. 41), and for a tributary channel (the Gulf County Canal), 9 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and about 6 miles long connecting the Intracoastal Waterway at White City, Fla., with St. Joseph Bay. Length of the waterway between the 12-foot depth contours in Apalachee Bay and Lake Borgne Light No. 41 at the Rigolets is 379 miles. The estimated cost of new work (1956) is $6,692,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $345,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 23, 1942 A channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide at mean low PL 675, 77th Cong., and H. Doc. water, from Apalachee Bay, Fla., to New Orleans, 96, 79th Cong., 1st sess. La., except in the section between Mobile, Ala., and New Orleans, La., where the width is to be 150 feet. June 17, 1943 Conditional acquisition of Gulf County Canal, Fla., H. Doe. 257, 76th Cong., 1st sess., and enlargement of the canal to 9 feet deep and 100 and PL 75, 78th Cong., 1st sess. feet wide. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of a movable span in the Georgia, Flor- H. Doc. 442, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 2 ida & Alabama RR. bridge crossing the Ochlocko- nee River. 1 May 17, 1950 Abandonment and closure of original channel be- H. Doc. 325, 81st Cong., 1st sess. tween Big Lagoon and Pensacola Bay and con- struction of a new channel to enter the bay north of original entrance. 1 Contain the latest published maps. 2 Necessity for movable span obviated by subsequent abandonment of Georgia, Florida, and Alabama Railroad and removal of track and bridge under ICC permit. Local cooperation. The requirements of local cooperation for this project have been fully complied with except for the section from Apalachee Bay to Carrabelle, Fla. The requirements of local cooperation for the section from Apalachee Bay to Carrabelle, Fla., provide that local interests undertake all necessary modifications of bridges over the water- way; furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary rights- of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as required; and release the United States from all claims for damages incidental to the work of improvement. Conditions of local cooperation, required in con- nection with the 9- by 100-foot project authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937, were fulfilled. Local RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 527 interests were notified January 9, 1951, of the conditions of local cooperation as altered by the authorization of a 12- by 125-foot waterway in Public Law 675, 77th Congress (July 23, 1942), and by revised regulations pertaining to bridge clearances across the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities available for public use are located at Carrabelle, Apalachicola, Panama City, and Pensa- cola, Fla.; Mobile and Bayou La Batre, Ala.; and Pascagoula, Biloxi, Gulfport, Pass Christian, and Bay St. Louis, Miss. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: The preparation of plans and specifications for proposed relocation of channel connecting Big Lagoon and Pensacola Bay cost $2,446. Maintenance: The U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans performed maintenance dredging as follows: Apalachicola Bay-Carrabelle section: December 8, 1955, to February 4, 1956, removed 398,069 cubic yards of material at a cost of $47,795. Choctawhatchee Bay-West Bay section: November 16 to De- cember 8, 1955, February 4 to 16, 1956, and May 1 to 6, 1956, removed 121,357 cubic yards of material at a cost of $37,142. Pensacola Bay-Mobile Bay section: August 1 to 13, 1955, re- moved 37,446 cubic yards of material at a cost of $13,728. Repair and maintenance work on the erosion-protective works in the Choctawhatchee Bay-West Bay section of the waterway was performed by Government plant and hired labor from July 1 to October 31, 1955, and from March 15 to 30, 1956, at a cost of $7,747. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys of the entire water- way cost $26,992. The total cost for the fiscal year was $135,850, of which $2,446 was for new work, and $133,404 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, com- menced in 1911, was about 87 percent completed. The most recent examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, available to navigation as follows: Minimum depths Project Date Section depth Left Midchannel Right outside for half proj- outside quarter ect width quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet February 1955 Apalachicola Bay to Carrabelle, Fla_ .. 12 12.0 12.0 12.0 March 1955 .....Apalachicola Bay to St. Andrew Bay, Fla_ 12 7.3 11.0 6.2 January 1954___ Gulf County Canal, Fla..------------------ 9 8.2 8.0 5.1 September 1955_ Choctawhatchee Bay to West Bay, Fla___ 12 8.7 11.7 9.4 March 1955_.... Choctawhatchee Bay to Pensacola Bay, 12 12.0 12.0 12.0 Fla. March 1955-.... Pensacola Bay, Fla., to Mobile Bay, Ala_ 12 10.5 10.5 10.5 June1955-_ Mobile Bay, Ala., to the Rigolets, La.... 12 10.0 10.0 10.0 528 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging to project dimensions the section from Carrabelle, Fla., to Apalachee Bay, Fla., via Carrabelle, Crooked, and Ochlockonee Rivers, and Ochlockonee and Apalachee Bays, Fla.; and dredging a channel to project dimensions from Big Lagoon to Pensacola Bay along an alinement north of the present channel. The costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs New work Maintenance Total .......------ Regular funds------- --------------- $5,497, 309 $3,714,060 $9,211,369 Emergency relief funds ..... --------------------- 340,000 -------------------- - 340,000 Total-------------------------------- 5,837,309 3,714,060 9,551,369 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ----------------------- ------------------------........... Appropriated....... $97,000 $5,931,863 Cost-------------------- ------------------------ ------------ 2,446 5,837,309 Maintenance: Appropriated-------...... $127,147 $98,588 $138,029 $160,765 131,994 3,714,392 Cost----------------- 92,639 141,648 129,384 168,555 133,404 3,714,060 1 Exclusive of $45,605 for new work and $65,137 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Uriobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -_ __- $94, 554 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ________________--______- 94,554 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- 760, 000 2. APALACHICOLA BAY, FLA. Location. On the coast of northwest Florida 160 miles east of Pensacola Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1262.) Previous projects. Adopted in the River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1899. For further details, see page 1833, Annual Report for 1915, and page 689, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for (a) a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide through West Pass in the Gulf of Mexico; (b) a channel known as Link Channel, 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide, in Apalachicola Bay; (c) a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide through Bulkhead Shoals, connecting Apalachicola Bay with St. George Sound; (d) a channel generally parallel to the shore at Eastpoint, Fla., 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and about 6,000 feet long, with a connecting channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide to water of the same depth in St. George Sound; RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 529 (e) a small-boat basin 500 feet square and 9 feet deep at Apalachicola, Fla., with a connecting channel 9 feet deep and 80 feet wide through Scipio Creek to the Apalachicola River; (f) a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 10-foot depth in Apalachicola Bay, across St. George Island, to within 300 feet of the Gulf shore, thence increasing uniformly in width to 200 feet at the shore and continuing with that width to the 10-foot depth in the Gulf of Mexico, with twin jetties extending from the dune line to the outer end of the channel; and (g) abandon- ment of the West Pass Channel upon completion of the channel across St. George Island. The mean range of tide throughout this harbor is 1.6 feet. The extreme range, except during storms, is about 3 feet. The estimated cost of new work (1956) is $701,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $27,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 Channel 18 feet deep through West Pass and Link H. Doec. 422, 59th Cong., 1st sess. Channels, 10 feet deep across the inner bar, and 9 feet deep through Bulkhead Shoals. Jan. 21, 1927 Modify project to provide for channel 10 feet deep H. Doc. 106, 69th Cong., 1st sess. from mouth of inner bar channel to Gulf via Link and West Pass Channels, and 10-foot depth in Bulkhead Shoals Channel. 1 Sept. 3, 1954 At Eastpoint, Fla., a channel 6 feet deep, 100 feet H. Doec. 156, 82d Cong., 1st sess. wide, and about 6,000 feet long, parallel to shore, with connecting channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide to St. George Sound, and at Apalachicola, Fla., a small-boat basin 500 feet square and 9 feet deep, with a connecting channel 9 feet deep and 80 feet wide through Scipio Creek to the Apalachicola River. 1 Sept. 3, 1954 Modify project to provide for a channel 10 feet deep H. Doc. 557, 82d Cong., 2d sess. and 100 feet wide from the 10-foot depth in Apala- chicola Bay across St. George Island to within 300 feet of the Gulf shore, thence increasing uniformly in width to 200 feet at shore and continuing at this width to the 10-foot depth in the Gulf, with two jetties extending from the dune line on St. George Island to the outer end of channel, and for abandon- ment of West Pass Channel upon completion of channel through St. George Island. 1 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for works authorized prior to the 1954 River and Harbor Act. For works authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act, local interests will be required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will comply with conditions of local coopera- tion prescribed as follows: East Point 'Channel: (a) Provide and maintain the necessary slips; and (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvement. Small-boat basin: (a) Provide without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil- disposal areas for construction and maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages 530 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 due to construction and maintenance of the project; (c) provide and maintain without cost to the United States adequate mooring facilities and utilities including a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal terms, a parking area, and a public access road; and (d) establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate ,the use and development of the harbor facilities. Channel across St. George Island: (a) furnish free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suit- able spoil-disposal areas for construction and maintenance when and as required; and (b) hold and save the United States free from damages, including damages to oyster beds, due to the construction and maintenance of the project. The Board of County Commissioners of Franklin County, Fla., by resolution adopted August 1, 1955, agreed to comply with the prescribed conditions of local cooperation insofar as they apply to construction and maintenance of the authorized channel across St. George Island. No action in the matter of local cooperation has been initiated with respect to other authorized features of the project. Terminal facilities. The existing facilities consist of several pile-and-timber wharves. These are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, con- tract: The contractor's pipeline dredge Greenville, operating in the St. George Island Channel April 29 to May 31, 1956, removed 77,749 cubic yards of material at a cost of $23,166. During the period June 1 to 30, 1956, the contractor placed 3,888.7 tons of jetty stone at a cost of $44,906. New work, hired labor: Engineering, design, supervision, and administration cost $21,092. The total cost for the fiscal year was $89,164, all charged to new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, prior to modifications authorized in the 1954 act, was commenced in 1908 and completed in 1927. Construction of the St. George Island Channel and jetties was commenced on April 29, 1956, and was about 17 percent completed. No construction has been initiated on other features of the project authorized by the 1954 Act. Investigations indicated that project depths obtained in all existing channels, other than the St. George Island Channel, at the end of the fiscal year. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $784,272, of which $171,309 was for new work, and $612,963 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 531 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------ $300,000 $382,145 Cost------------------------------------------- ------------ 89,164 171,309 Maintenance: Appropriated ......... ... $414 $1,115- . ..... ...... 612,963 Cost.----------------------------- 414 1,115------------------------ - 612,963 1 Exclusive of $134,613 for new work and $168,766 for maintenance on previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___------- $20, 907 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 358, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------- --- -- 378, 907 3. APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE, AND FLINT RIVERS, GA. AND FLA. Location. The Apalachicola River is formed at the southwest corner of the State of Georgia by the junction of the Chattahoo- chee and Flint Rivers and flows south 108 miles, emptying into Apalachicola Bay. The Florida River enters the Apalachicola River from the east at mile 45.4, the River Styx enters from the east at mile 36.7, and the Chipola River enters from the west at mile 28.2. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1262.) The Chattahoochee River, 418 miles long, rises in northeast Georgia and flows southwesterly to West Point, and thence southerly to join the Flint River at the southwest corner of Georgia, forming the Apalachicola River. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for northwest Georgia.) The Flint River, 330 miles long, rises in west central Georgia, flows generally southeasterly to Albany, and thence southwest to the southwest corner of the State, where it joins the Chattahoo- chee River to form the Apalachicola River. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for southwest Georgia.) Previous projects. Expenditures on the Apalachicola River were made between 1828 and 1831, but apparently under no definite project. In 1.835 and 1836, appropriations were made for the Chipola River. For further details, see page 690, Annual Report for 1938. Projects for the Apalachicola River were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, June 13, 1902, January 6, 1934, and June 20, 1938. For further details, see the existing project for Apalachicola River, page 568, Annual Report for 1944. Projects for Flint River, Ga., were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, and June 14, 1880. For further details, see the existing project for Flint River, Ga., page 570, Annual Report for 1944. The River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, made an appropria- tion for the section of the Chattahoochee River between West 532 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Point and Franklin, Ga., and appropriations therefor were con- tinued until 1899, when they were discontinued. For further details, see page 1834, Annual Report for 1915, and page 696, Annual Report for 1938. The River and Harbor Act of June 23, 1874, adopted the project for the Chattahoochee River from its mouth to Columbus, Ga. For further details, see existing project for that river on page 572, Annual Report for 1944. For total cost and expenditures on all previous projects, see cost and financial summary for the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla., on page 812 of the Annual Report for 1945. Existing project. Prior to the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, the existing project for the Apalachicola River provided for a channel therein 6 feet deep at low water and 100 feet wide, to be secured by removing snags and overhanging trees and by widening and straightening Moccasin Slough, for a channel 5 feet deep and 60 feet wide through the Cutoff, Lee Slough, and lower Chipola River, together with snagging and dredging to a depth of 6 feet the lower 2,500 feet of Styx River and improving of Florida River by dredging a new outlet 6 feet deep, 80 feet wide, and about 600 feet downstream of its present mouth; for the Chattahoochee River, a channel 4 feet deep at low water and 100 feet wide from the mouth to Columbus, Ga., 164 miles, by removing timber obstructions, dredging, contraction works, and shore protection; and for the Flint River, a channel 100 feet wide and 3 feet deep at extreme low water from the mouth to Albany, 103 miles, to be obtained by dredging, rock excavation, contraction works, and removal of snags, together with a channel for light-draft steamers at moderate stages from Albany to Montezuma, 79 miles, to be obtained by removing loose rocks, snags, and overhanging trees. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, approved the general plan presented in House Document 342, 76th Congress, 1st session, for the full development of the Apalachicola, Chattahoo- chee, and Flint River system in the combined interest of naviga- tion and power, and authorized for the initiation and partial accomplishment of that plan, modification of the then existing projects for the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers to provide for the construction of 2 of the locks and dams for a 9-foot project, 1 at Fort Benning and 1 at the junction, supple- mented by dredging and contraction works, to provide an initial navigable depth of 6 feet to Columbus on the Chattahoochee and to Bainbridge on the Flint at an estimated cost for new work of $6,500,000, with annual maintenance of $200,000 in addition to that previously authorized. The remaining elements of the ap- proved plan included navigation-power dams with locks at the Florence, Fort Gaines, Columbia, and Paramore Landing sites on the Chattahoochee between the Junction and Fort Benning sites; storage-power reservoirs on the upper Chattahoochee at the Roswell, Cedar Creek, and Lanier sites; storage-power reser- voirs on the upper Flint at the Woodbury No. 2, Potato Creek, RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 533 and Auchumpkee Creek sites; dredging, cutoffs, contraction works, or other open river methods, to provide, with the afore- mentioned dams and flow regulation, channels 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the mouth of the Apalachicola River to Columbus, 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the Flint River from its mouth to Bainbridge, and 5 feet deep and 100 feet wide thence to Albany, at an estimated construction cost to the United States of $66,629,000 for the full development. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946 approved modifica- tion of the general plan in accordance with ouse Document 300, 80th Congress, 1st session, to include improvements proposed by the Chief of Engineers -in lieu of the corresponding works of the plan presented in House Document 342, 76th Congress, 1st ses- sion, and authorized for the initiation and partial accomplish- ment of the modified plan the construction of Bufordmulti urnoa reservoir, Fort Benning lock 'and dam, and the Upper Columbia and Jim Woodruff, formerly Junction, multiple-purpose develop- ments, and supplemental channel work to provide a channel depth of 9 feet for a minimum width of 100 feet in the Apalachicola River, to Columbus, Ga., on the Chattahoochee River, 268 miles, and to Bainbridge, Ga., on the Flint River, 29 miles above its junction with the Chattahoochee River. The Com- mittee on Public Works of the House of Representatives, by resolution adopted May 19, 1953, approved the plan as proposed by the Chief of Engineers for a low dam at the Columbia site and a high dam at the Fort Gaines site in lieu of a high dam at the Upper Columbia site and a low dam at the Fort Benning site. The following table gives the various features of the proposed locks and dams and multiple-purpose developments included in the existing project: 534 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Proposed structures Jim Woodruff Columbia Fort Gaines Buford lock and dam lock and dam lock and dam Dam Miles above mouth_ ____.._ 1107.6 2 46.5 2 75.2 2 348.5 Nearest town....---------------- Chattahoochee, Columbia, Ala. Fort Gaines, Buford, Ga. Fla. Ga. Distance (miles)-----.--..-.---- 1 3 2 5 Greatest lock length available 450 450 450 for full width (feet). Width of chamber (feet)- ........ 82 82 82 Lift (feet)_-------..---.---.--_ 33.0 25.0 88.0 Elevation of normal pool surface 77.0 102.0 190.0 1070.0 (msl). Depths over sills at low water 14.0 13.0 13.0 (feet). _ Character of foundation--.... . Limestone Limestone Limestone Rock Kind of dam_---------------__. Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Height of dam (feet)------------ 67 62 114 192 Type of construction...----------........ Concrete Concrete Concrete and Earth earth. Reservoir capacity (acre-feet).... 385,000 17,000 924,600 2,554,000. Power development (kilowatts) _ 30,000- ----------------- 130,000 86,000 Percent complete__-- - 91 ------------------ 1 81 Year opened to navigation ......................................................---- Estimated cost: Construction-----------_.$43,596,500 $10,661,600 $62.528,000 $21,850,000 Lands and damages (includ- 2,783,500 138.400 23, 872.000 17,514,000 ing relocations) Total__--------....-.-..-- 46,380,000 10,800,000 864.400.000 39,364,000 1 Above mouth of Apalachicola River. 2 Above mouth of Chattahoochee River. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $184,304,000, including $1,360,000 for dredging in the Apalachi- cola River, and exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimated annual cost for maintenance is $1,134,000, including $809,000 for operation and care. The mean range of tide at the mouth of the Apalachicola River is 1.6 feet; at the point where the river is formed the variation between low and high water is about 37 feet. On the Chattahoo- chee River, the variation between average low and high water is about 20 feet, and the extreme fluctuation is 65.3 feet at Eufaula. On the Flint River, the extreme fluctuation of stage due to floods is 40 feet, while the average variation between low and high water is about 21.5 feet. Local cooperation. This provides that local interests agree to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas, as and when required, for provision and maintenance of the channel in Apalachicola River below Jim Woodruff Dam, to maintain and operate at their expense all utility and highway facilities which are relocated or otherwise altered as a part of the improvement, to provide suit- able public-terminal facilities open to all on equal terms, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from the construction of the improvement. In regard to the Jim Woodruff lock and dam and the Apalachicola River below the dam, appropriate State, county, and other responsible local agencies concerned have furnished satis- RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 535 factory written assurances that the conditions of local cooperation will be met as and when required. The city of Bainbridge, Ga., has acquired a suitable site for terminals. The only condition of local cooperation applicable to the Buford development is that which requires local interests to operate and maintain, at their expense, relocated or altered utility and high- way facilities. This condition is being met by incorporating a clause to that effect in each contract made with local interests relative to relocation of facilities. Preliminary discussions have been held with local interests concerning local cooperation in connection with the Fort Gaines lock and dam. No action has been taken in the matter of local cooperation with respect to the Columbia lock and dam. Terminal facilities. At Apalachicola, Fla., the facilities consist of several marginal pile-and-timber wharves. The landing at Blountstown, Fla., is a natural one. A private wharf at River Junction, Fla., is used for landing and storing sand and gravel. On the Flint River there is a natural landing at Bainbridge, Ga., and also one at Albany, Ga. On the Chattahoochee River the terminals consist of natural landings at Columbus, Ga., and Eufaula, Ala., and a masonry marginal landing at Columbus. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work per- formed on the existing project consisted of continued construc- tion on the Buford Dam and the Jim Woodruff lock and dam, initiation of construction on the Fort Gaines lock and dam, and initiation of snagging operations in the Apalachicola River chan- nel. Detailed information regarding operations and costs ap- plicable to the individual developments is presented under their respective project titles elsewhere in this report. The following table summarizes the costs for new work per- formed during the fiscal year on the overall project for the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers. Costs Structure Contract Hired labor Total New work: Buford Dam_ -_ --------------- --- $8,605,570 $4,332,599 $12,938,169 Fort Gaines lock and dam .........__ 456,220 1,064,021 1,520,241 Jim Woodruff lock and dam.......... 3,074,797 299,190 3,373,987 Apalachicola River channel_ _ -- ..--------------------- - -130,143 130,143 Total new work__ ____________----- 12,136,587 5,825,953 17,962,540 Maintenance operations in connection with Jim Woodruff lock and dam cost $80,441. The total cost for the fiscal year was $18,042,981, of which $17,962,540 was for new work, and $80,441 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Information regarding con- dition at the end of the fiscal year of the individual developments is presented in the separate reports on the respective projects. 536 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The controlling depths in the channel at the time shown were as follows: Apalachicola River, 4.5 feet, June 1950; the Cutoff, Lee Slough and Lower Chipola River, 5 feet, October 1943; mouth of Florida River and River Styx, 6 feet, October 1947; Chattahoo- chee River, mouth to Columbus, 3 feet, June 1945; Flint River, mouth to Bainbridge, 2.6 feet, and Bainbridge to Albany, 1.5 feet, June 1941. Ordinarily, boats drawing 5 feet can operate throughout the year on the Apalachicola River at a stage of zero on the River Junction gage. Greater depths are usually available from January to July of each year. On the Chattahoochee River, vessels drawing less than 3 feet may operate throughout the year, and 5 feet can ordinarily be carried from December to June. The head of boat traffic on that river is Columbus, Ga. On the Flint River, greater depths than those shown are generally available between November and June of each year. The head of naviga- tion for boat traffic on that river is Albany, Ga. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completing construction of Buford Dam, Fort Gaines lock and dam, and Jim Woodruff lock and dam; constructing Columbia lock and dam; and completing improvement of the Apalachicola River channel from the mouth to Jim Woodruff lock and dam. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $76,547,144, of which $76,184,435 was for new work, and $362,709 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ---.--.. $12,533,000 $16,581,000 $7,411,152 $14,365,000 $12,522,000 $81,208,152 Cost ................. 8,042,233 12,344, 759 10,115,284 14,043,897 17,962,540 76,184,453 Maintenance: Appropriated.------ - 9,488 ------------ 3,240 30,000 82,000 363,775 16,979 Cost---------................. ------------ 1,170 32,563 80,441 362,709 1 Exclusive of $1,885,117 for new work and $2,246,233 for maintenance on previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----- $931, 703 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------------------------------- 10,845,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957____--------------------------- 11,776, 703 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for _92,251, completion of existing project-------------------_- 000 4. BUFORD DAM AND RESERVOIR, APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE, AND FLINT RIVERS, GA. AND FLA. Location. Buford Dam is on the Chattahoochee River about 348.5 miles above its mouth, 50 miles above Atlanta, and 5 miles northwest of the town of Buford, Ga. The reservoir extends about 47 miles upstream along the Chattahoochee River, and about 21 miles up the Chestatee River, which enters the Chatta- hoochee River 14.5 miles above the dam. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 537 Existing project. This project, now under construction, con- sists of a rolled-earthfill dam 1,630 feet long, with crest at eleva- tion 1,106 feet mean sea level, or about 192 feet above streambed elevation; three earth saddle dikes with a total length of 6,600 feet; a chute spillway with crest at elevation 1,085; a powerhouse in a deep cut with steel penstocks in tunnels, and concrete intake structure at upstream end of tunnels; and a flood-control sluice tunnel paralleling the power tunnels. The underlying foundation is rock. The reservoir will have a gross capacity of 2,554,000 acre-feet, of which 637,000 acre-feet will be reserved for flood control and 1,049,000 acre-feet will be used for hydroelectric power, with normal pool elevation at 1,070. Power installations will consist of 1 generating unit of 6,000 kilowatts, and 2 units of 40,000 kilowatts each, or a total of 86,000 kilowatts. The approved estimated cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $39,364,000, of which $21,850,000 is for construction, and $17,514,000 for lands, damages, and relocations. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $263,000. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, approved modifica- tion of the general plan for full development of the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint River system, and authorized for the initiation and partial accomplishment thereof the construction of Buford multipurpose reservoir and other related developments in accordance with House Document 300, 80th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. This provides that local interests agree to maintain and operate at their expense all utility and highway facilities which may be relocated or otherwise altered as part of the improvement, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from construction of the im- provement. Applicable contracts made with local interests con- tain a clause to the effect that they will maintain and operate, at their expense, relocated facilities. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work per- formed under contract during the fiscal year was as follows: Nonoverflow section of dam completed _____________-___--$22, 570 Road on dam constructed___________ ------------------ 8, 798 Power intake structure completed___ 18, 508 Elevator installed___________-------------------- 500 Powerhouse construction commenced_------------- 1, 342,205 Turbines, generators, and governors_ ---- ----------- 789, 995 Switchyard accessories and equipment ---------- 1, 126,452 Relocation of roads, railroads, and utilities ________----_ 4,299, 101 Reservoir clearing commenced_______----------------- 995, 729 Buildings, grounds, and utilities--------------------------- 1, 712 Total contract costs____ __ _----- ------------- 8, 605, 570 New work performed with hired labor consisted of continued acquisition of lands and payment of damages at a cost of $3,635,899, and installation of piezometer and permanent oper- ating equipment at a cost of $30,439. Engineering, design, supervision, and administration cost $666,261. 538 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total cost during the fiscal year for Buford Dam and Reservoir was $12,938,169, all charged to new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of Buford Dam and Reservoir, which was initiated in March 1950, was about 81 percent completed. Construction work on the main dam, saddle dikes, spillway, tunnels; intake structure, and sluice outlet works was completed. All work remaining to be done, consisting of design and manufacture of turbines and generators, construction of powerhouse and switchyard, clearing of the reservoir area, acquisition of land, and relocation of roads and utilities, was in progress. The total cost to June 30, 1956, under the existing project for Buford Dam and Reservoir, was $31,409,626 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........ $1,150,000 $4,101,000 $5,120,000$10,310,000$11,430,000 $34,411,000 Cost--------------- 1,785,537 2,165,034 3,301,262 9,824,578 12,938,169 31,409,626 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ $305, 637 Unappropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - _______ -- ______ - 4, 953,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --- _______ __________ _ 5,258, 637 5. FORT GAINES LOCK AND DAM, APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE, AND FLINT RIVERS, GA. AND FLA. Location. The Fort Gaines lock and dam is located on the Chattahoochee River about 75.2 miles above its mouth and about 1.5 miles above the town of Fort Gaines, Ga. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey maps for southwest Georgia.) Existing project. This project, now under construction, pro- vides for a concrete dam, gated spillway, and single-lift lock, with earth embankments at either side. The nonoverflow section of the dam includes the powerhouse and intake structures. The gated spillway will be 692 feet long with fixed crest at elevation 163 feet mean sea level. The two earth embankments, of almost equal lengths, will have a total length of 11,940 feet, with crest elevation at 215, and a maximum height of about 66 feet. The nonoverflow section of the concrete dam will be 802 feet long, with deck of powerhouse section at elevation 209. The lock, with usable chamber dimensions of 82 feet by 450 feet, will have, a lift of 88 feet with normal upper-pool elevation at 190. Depths will be 13 feet over lower sill and 18 feet over upper sill at normal pool elevation. The underlying foundation is limestone. Total reservoir capacity will be 924,600 acre-feet, with 209,800 acre-feet reserved for power. Power installation will consist of 4 units of 32,500 kilowatts each, or a total of 180,000 kilowatts. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 539 The approved estimated cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $86,400,000, of which $62,528,000 is for construction, and $23,872,000 for lands, damages, and relocations. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $374,000, including operation and care. The Committee on Public Works of the House of Representa- tives, by resolution adopted May 19, 1953, approved the plan as proposed by the Chief of Engineers for a high dam at the Fort Gaines site and a low dam at the Columbia site in lieu of a low dam at the Fort Benning site and a high dam at the upper Columbia site, construction of which had been authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, as initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan for full development of the Apalachi- cola, Chattahoochee, and Flint River system. Local cooperation. This provides that local interests agree to maintain and operate at their expense all utility and highway facilities which may be relocated or otherwise altered as part of the improvement, to provide suitable public terminal facilities open to all on equal terms, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from construction of the improvement. Preliminary discussions have been held with local interests, concerning the question of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. On the Chattahoochee River the terminals consist of natural landings at Columbus, Ga., and Eufaula, Ala., and a masonry marginal landing at Columbus. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work per- formed under contract during the fiscal year was as follows: Nonoverflow earth dike on west bank commenced__ $419, 329 Cofferdam for gated spillway commenced___ 35, 350 Access road on west bank commenced______________________ 1, 541 Total contract costs ___________-_ -_-____- 456, 220 New work performed with hired labor consisted of acquisition of lands and payment of damages at a cost of $227,015. The cost of construction facilities was $231,441. Operation and maintenance of construction facilities cost $19. Engineering, design, supervision, and administration cost $605,546. The total cost for the fiscal year was $1,520,241, charged to new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the Fort Gaines lock and dam was commenced in October 1955. By the end of the fiscal year, construction of the nonoverflow earth dike on west bank was well advanced; work on spillway cofferdam, and construction of an access road on the west bank were under- way. Work remaining to be done includes construction of earth embankments, spillway, lock, and powerplant; relocation of roads, railroads, and utilities; acquisition of land; and clearing of reser- voir area. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $2,122,023 for new work. 540 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 __Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ ) (1- . _ $152,000 $23,000 $2,050,000 $2,656,113 Cost...........__ (1) $187,598 158,855 21,147 1,520,241 2,122,023 1Amounts included under project for Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -____ $725 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -___ _ 2, 750, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957____________ 2, 750, 725 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ____--_______- 80, 994, 000 6. JIM WOODRUFF LOCK AND DAM, APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE AND FLINT RIVERS, GA. AND FLA. Location. Jim Woodruff lock and dam is on the Apalachicola River, 107.6 miles above its mouth, about 1,000 feet below the confluence of the Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers, and 1.5 miles northwest of Chattahoochee. Fla. The reservoir extends about 52 miles upstream along the Chattahoochee River to the vicinity of Columbia, Ala., and about 47 miles upstream along the Flint River, or 17 river miles above Bainbridge, Ga. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey maps for southwest Georgia.) Existing project. This project, now under construction, con- sists of a concrete open-crest spillway 1,584 feet long on the right bank, with crest at elevation 79.0 feet mean sea level; a single-lift lock with usable chamber dimensions of 82 feet by 450 feet, a maximum lift of 33.0 feet, and depth over sills of 14.0 feet; a gated spillway 760 feet long with bridge at elevation 107 feet mean sea level, or about 67 feet above streambed elevation; a powerhouse with intake section constituting a portion of the dam; an earth section 490 feet long to accomodate switchyard and substation; and an overflow dike section 2,820 feet long on left bank, with crest at elevation 85. The underlying foundation is limestone. At normal pool elevation of 77, the reservoir will have a total capacity of 385,000 acre-feet, of which 37,000 acre-feet will be used for the generation of hydroelectric power. The power installation consists of 3 units of 10,000 kilowatts each, or a total of 30,000 kilowatts. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $46,380,000, of which $43,596,500 is for construction, and $2,783,500, for lands, damages, and relocations. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $335,000, including $263,000 for operation and care. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, approved modifica- tion of the general plan for full development of the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint River system, and authorized for the RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 541 initiation and partial accomplishment thereof the construction of Jim Woodruff, formerly Junction, multipurpose development and other related developments in accordance with House Document 300, 80th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. This provides that local interests agree to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas, as and when required, for provision and maintenance of the channel in Apalachicola River below Jim Woodruff Dam, to maintain and operate at their expense all utility and highway facilities which are relocated or otherwise altered as part of the improvement, to provide suitable public terminal facilities open to all on equal terms, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from construction of the improvement. Appropriate State, county, and other responsible local agencies concerned have furnished satisfactory written assurances that the conditions of local cooperation will be met as and when re- quired. The city of Bainbridge, Ga., has acquired a suitable site for terminals. Terminal facilities. A private wharf at River Junction, Fla., is used for landing and storing sand and gravel. On the Flint River there is a natural landing at Bainbridge, Ga., and also at Albany, Ga. On the Chattahoochee River the terminals consist of natural landings at Columbus, Ga., and Eufaula, Ala., and a masonry marginal landing at Columbus. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work per- formed under contract during the fiscal year was as follows: Relocations of roads continued____________________________ $3, 772 Construction of gated spillway continued______ 464,262 Pickup beam and stoplog assembly on lock 66, 702 Work on powerhouse continued ___________________________ 1,895,897 Turbines and generators_________________________________ 178, 199 Switchyard accessory equipment __________________________ 431, 635 Permanent operating equipment - - 34,330 Total cost of contract work _ - 3,074, 797 New work performed with hired labor consisted of continued acquisition of lands and payment of damages at a cost of $19,306; work in connection with reservoir improvement, including drain- age, access roads, and public facilities, at a cost of $42,716; and continued work on buildings, grounds, and utilities at a cost of $6,601. Engineering, design, supervision, and administration cost $230,567. Maintenance operations in connection with the project cost $80,441. The total cost during the fiscal year was $3,454,428; of which $3,373,987 was for new work, and $80,441 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the Jim Wood- ruff lock and dam, which was commenced in September 1947, was about 91 percent completed. Construction of the lock and dam 542 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 has been essentially completed, and work on powerhouse and switchyard is well advanced. Work remaining to be done con- sists principally of completion of powerhouse and switchyard, and installation of equipment. The total cost to June 30, 1956, under the existing project for Jim Woodruff lock and dam, was $42,559,778, of which $42,445,604 was for new work, and $114,174 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ... _ . _ $6,309,000 $10,264,000 $7,250,000 $2,200,000 $2,220,000 $43,183,000 ...... ._. . Cost-- 6,053,839 10,030,160 6,655,167 4,198,172 3,373,987 42,445,604 Maintenance: Appropriated ----------------------------- 3,240 30,000 82,000 115,240 Cost----.......... 1,170 32,563 80,441 114,174 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -_____ $224, 484 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ __ _ 2, 697,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------- _______----------- 2,921,484 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __-_ _ __-_ __ ----------- 500, 000 7. PANAMA CITY HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the northwest coast of Florida, 102 miles east of the entrance to Pensacola Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1263.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 541, Annual Report for 1934, and page 710, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel about 1.8 miles long extending from deep water in the bay across Lands End to the Gulf of Mexico, 300 feet wide and 32 feet deep in the bay and across Lands End and 450 feet wide and 34 feet deep in the ap- proach channel in the Gulf, and protected by two jetties, each about 700 feet long; and for a channel in Watson Bayou 100 feet wide and 10 feet deep from that depth in St. Andrew Bay to the highway bridge, about 13/4 miles. The mean tidal range is 1.3 feet, and the extreme range, except during storms, is about 4 feet. The project has been completed at a cost of $687,017 for new work, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $85,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 543 Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Aug. 30, 1935 Channels 27 and 29 feet deep. Abandonment of proj- H. Doc. 33, 73d Cong., 1st sess. ect adopted by Act of June 25, 1910. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of a channel in Watson Bayou 100 feet H. Doc. 555, 76th Cong., 3d sess. wide and 10 feet deep from that depth in St. Andrew Bay to the highway bridge. June 30, 1948 Channels 32 and 34 feet deep Doc. 559, 80th Cong., 2d sess.l H--------------------. 1Contain the latest published maps. The existing project for St. Andrew Bay was also authorized by the Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for work authorized in accordance with House Document 555, 76th Con- gress, 3d session, which provides that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of- way and spoil-disposal areas for maintenance, when and as re- quired, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities at this port are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port and Ter- minal Facilities issued in 1941.) Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. hopper dredge Langfitt removed 33,429 cubic yards of material from the entrance channel, October 18 to 19, 1955, at a cost of $7,337. Hired labor (using U. S. dragline No. 2 mounted on barge No. 38) placed 7,334 tons of cover stone and 405 tons of riprap on west jetty structure, November 1955 to June 1956, at a cost of $76,268. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys cost $5,557. The total cost for the fiscal year was $89,162, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- menced in 1933 and completed in November 1949. The con- trolling depths of channels on dates last inspected were as follows: Channel from bay across Lands End, 32 feet, and ap- proach channel in the Gulf, 34 feet, March 1956; and channel in Watson Bayou, 9.2 feet, April 1942. The costs on the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ..........------------------------------ $105,058 $1,723,862 $1,828,920 Public works funds_-..----.. --.. ------ 1 581,959 --------------. 2 - - 581,959 Total...................---------------................ 687,017 1,723,862 2,410,879 544 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ___ ___----------- _____ ----------------------------------- --- $687,017 Cost -------------------- --------- - - - 687,017 Maintenance: Appropriated ....------ $38,500 $55,207 $3,500 $52,277 $90,400 1,725,028 Cost----------------- 65,973 55,659 3,132 52,717 89,162 1,723,862 1 Exclusive of $203,560 for new work and $513,604 for maintenance for previous projects. 8. EAST PASS CHANNEL FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO INTO CHOCTAWHATCHEE BAY, FLA. Location. This is an entrance from the Gulf of Mexico into Choctawhatchee Bay at the eastern end of Santa Rosa Island. It is 48 miles east of the entrance into Pensacola Bay and 49 miles west of the new entrance to St. Andrew Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1264.) Existing project. This provides for maintenance of a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water, 180 feet wide, and about 3 miles long from Choctawhatchee Bay into the Gulf of Mexico, and maintenance of a channel 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and about 2,000 feet long from the East Pass Channel into Old Pass Lagoon. The mean range of tide is 1.3 feet; the extreme range, except during storms, is 2.5 feet. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by Public Law 193, 82d Congress, approved October 24, 1951 (H. Doc. 470, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Requires that local interests hold and save the United States free from property damage that might result from maintenance operations. No action in the matter of local cooperation has been initiated. Terminal facilities. The small privately owned pile-and-timber piers used in connection with the fishing industry in this locality are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans removed 56,264 cubic yards of material from the bar channel and 22,717 cubic yards of material from the channel into Old Pass Lagoon during the period August 14 to September 4, 1955, and 22,010 cubic yards of material from the channel into Old Pass Lagoon during the period May 7 to 10, 1956, all at a cost of $27,255. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys cost $1,340. The total cost for the year was $28,595, all charged to main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, which is for maintenance only, was commenced in 1930, and the work has RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 545 been carried on intermittently since that time. The controlling depth in the entrance, or bar, channel was 12 feet in September 1955, and 6 feet in the channel into Old Pass Lagoon in May 1956. The cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $212,235, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $51,867 $13,700 $21,107 $2,394 $28,600 $212,240 Cost----------------_ 51,867 13,072 18,551 5,578 28,595 212,235 9. MOBILE HARBOR, ALA. Location. This harbor, located along the lower 5 miles of Mobile River, is in southwestern Alabama, 91 miles by water west of Pensacola Harbor, Fla., 90 miles east of Gulfport Harbor, Miss., and 144 miles by water northeast of the mouth of the Mississippi River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1266.) Previous projects. The original project for the bar channel was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. The original project for the bay and river channels was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of May 20, 1826, and subsequent projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 11, 1870; March 3, 1879; August 11, 1888; March 3, 1899; June 25, 1910; and August 8, 1917. For further details, see page 1840, Annual Report for 1915; pages 802 and 807, Annual Report for 1916; page 833, Annual Report for 1929; and page 718, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for (1) a 42- by 600-foot channel about 1.5 miles long across Mobile Bar; (2) a 40- by 400-foot channel in Mobile Bay to the mouth of Mobile River; (3) a 40-foot channel in Mobile River to the highway bridge, the widths varying from 500 to 775 feet; (4) a 25-foot channel from the highway bridge to and up Chickasaw Creek to a point 400 feet south of the mouth of Shell Bayou, the widths being 500 feet in Mobile River and 250 feet in Chickasaw Creek; (5) an anchorage area 40 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 2,000 feet long opposite the United States Quarantine Station on Sand Island; (6) a turning basin 32 feet deep, 2,500 feet long, and 800 to 1,000 feet wide, opposite the Alabama State Docks; (7) a turning basin 40 feet deep, 800 feet wide, and 1,400 feet long opposite Magazine Point; (8) a 27- by 150-foot channel from the mouth of Mobile River to and including a turning basin 250 feet wide and 800 feet long in Garrows Bend, and continuing thence to a turning basin 800 feet long and 600 feet wide opposite Brookley Air Force Base ocean terminal, thence a 27- by 150-foot channel along Arlington pier to the Mobile Bay Channel; and (9) maintenance by snag- 546 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ging Three Mile Creek from its intersection with the Industrial Canal to Mobile River. The project includes a provision per- mitting local interests to close the Garrows Bend channel by con- structing a solid-fill causeway between McDuffie Island and the mainland. The total length of the bay and river channels is about 41.7 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range at the lower end of the improvement is 1.2 feet and at the upper end 1.5 feet; the extreme tidal range is 3.4 feet at the lower end and 3.6 feet at the upper end. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $6,980,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate, for annual cost of maintenance is $400,000, including maintenance of bar channel to depth of 38 feet, and bay and river main channels to depth of 36 feet. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 For improvement of Three Mile Creek by snagging Rivers and Harbors Committee from Mobile River to the Industrial Canal. Doc. 69, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Adoption of existing channel through Garrows Bend H. Doc. 739, 79th Cong., 2d sess. from Choctaw Point to Arlington pier, 27 feet deep and 150 feet wide, with 2 turning basins. Adop- tion of the existing channel alongside Arlington pier from the Mobile Bay Channel to turning basin at the inner end of Garrows Bend Channel, 27 feet deep and 150 feet wide. A channel 25 feet deep and generally 500 feet wide in Mobile River from the highway bridge to the mouth of Chickasaw Creek thence 25 feet deep and 250 feet wide in Chickasaw Creek to a point about 400 feet below Shell Bayou. Sept. 3, 1954 Enlarging Mobile Bar Channel to 42 by 600 feet- ..... H. Doc. 74, 83d Cong., 1st sess. Enlarging Mobile Bay Channel to 40 by 400 feet. Deepening Mobile River Channel below highway bridge to 40 feet over present widths, including ex- isting turning basins and anchorage areas. Widening river channel opposite Magazine Point to provide a 40- by 800- by 1,400-foot turning basin. Sept. 3, 1954 Closure of Garrows Bend Channel by construction Sec. 104, Act of Sept. 3, 1954. and operation of an earth-filled, causeway across said channel (work to be done by local interests). 1 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. For work authorized prior to the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, fully complied with. For the work authorized by the 1954 act, local interests are required to furnish, without cost to the United States, suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; provide suitable depths in the berthing areas at terminals when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from all damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements. The organization having legal authority to act for local interests has been advised of the stipulations and has submitted a formal resolution to the effect that all conditions will be met as and when required. Terminal facilities. The modern rail-connected terminal fa- cilities at this port are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 18, revised in 1949.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 547 tract: The contractor's pipeline dredge Mansfield, operating in the Mobile Bay Channel from January 27 to June 30, 1956, re- moved 2,992,329 cubic yards of material at a cost of $270,811, and the contractor's pipeline dredge Diesel, operating in the Mobile Bay Channel. from February 11 to June 30, 1956, removed 5,850,819 cubic yards of material at a cost of $530,404. Maintenance: The contractor's pipeline dredge Mansfield, operating in the Mobile Bay Channel from January 27 to June 30, 1956, removed 337,931 cubic yards at a cost of $43,854, and the contractor's dredge Diesel, operating in the Mobile Bay Channel from February 11 to June 30, 1956, removed 850,045 cubic yards at a cost of $110,562. The U. S. hopper dredge Langfitt, operat- ing in the outer bar channel from September 26 to October 13, 1955, removed 495,452 cubic yards of material at a cost of $75,126. The U. S. snagboat Montgomery, operating in Three Mile Creek from March 1 to 3, 1956, removed 99 obstructions at a cost of $1,284. Maintaining buoy at site of wreck cost $611, and miscellaneous surveys and investigations cost $23,224. The total cost for the fiscal year was $1,055,876, of which $801,215 was charged to new work, and $254,661 to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, prior to the modification authorized in 1954, was commenced in 1931 and completed in 1949. New work authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act is about 14 percent completed. The available depths of channels indicated by most recent surveys and inspections of the project are as follows: Minimum depths Project Date Section depth Left Left Right Right outside inside inside outside quarter quarter quarter quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Oct. 1955...__Bar channel__........................___ 142 36 36 36 36 Bay channel: June 1956. South end to beacon 22 ............. 2 40 32 32 32 32 Do..... Beacon 22 to beacon 30 -------------- _ 40 36 36 36 36 Do..... Beacon 30 to beacon 40 .----------. 240 27 32 32 27 Do..... Beacon 40 to mouth of river......... - 40 36 36 36 36 River channel: July 1955__. Mouth to first bend--....--------. 2 40 32 32 32 32 Do .... Through first bend.................. 2 40 32 32 32 32 Apr. 1955-_ Second bend to turning basin....... 240 30 32 30 27 Do..... Turning basin_---------.-.-----_ 240 32 32 32 31 Do .... Turning basin to highway bridge. _ 2 40 32 27 20 17 Chickasaw Creek: Nov. 1955 _ Highway bridge to mouth of creek 25 25 25 18 17 Do .... Mouth to 400 feet below Shell Bayou_ 25 22 24 24 22 May 1956__ Arlington Channel_----------------- 27 27 27 27 27 Oct. 1953___ Garrows Bend Channel ._____________ 27 20 22 22 20 Nov. 1955_. Garrows Bend turning basin------------............ 27 27 27 27 27 Feb. 1956.- Quarantine Station basin.............---------------.. 240 32 32 32 32 1Authorized improvement provides for 38-foot depth in bar channel in the initial phase of development, and 42-foot depth in the ultimate phase. 2Authorized improvement provides for 36-foot depth in bay and river channels in the initial phase of development, and 40-foot depth in the ultimate phase. 8 Blocked by an earth-filled causeway. 548 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The costs on the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows : Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds__.........------- -- .--__ - - $1,946,152 $7,118,356 $9,064,508 Public works funds_---------_. _14,000 --------- 14,000 Emergency relief funds __------........--- 41,242 ------------- 41,242 Total_......------------------------- 2,001,394 7,118,356 9,119,750 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-----....... ___-----------------__________________ $1,250,000 $2,450,179 Cost -- _---___ __-______-_______- 801,215 2,001,394 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $306,050 $473,369 $245,410 $174,825 261,500 7,125,195 Cost---------------___350,637 474,598 96,100 327,278 254,661 7,118,356 1Exclusive of $6,683,104 for new work and $4,096,681 for maintenance on previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____.__ $55, 492 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________________________________--______ 2,293,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___- ________________ 2,348,492 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _________ 2,237,000 ________------- 10. ALABAMA-COOSA RIVERS, ALA. AND GA. Location. The Alabama River is formed 18 miles above Mont- gomery, Ala., by the junction of the Coosa and Tallapoosa Rivers. Thence it flows southwesterly through Alabama 318 miles, and unites with the Tombigbee River about 45 miles north of Mobile, in southwestern Alabama, to form the Mobile River. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for central and southwest Alabama.) The Coosa River is formed at Rome, Ga., in northwest Georgia, by the junction of the Oostanaula and Etowah Rivers, which have their sources in southeastern Tennessee and northern Georgia. From Rome the Coosa River flows southwesterly through Georgia and Alabama 286 miles, and unites with the Tallapoosa River near Montgomery, Ala., at about the center of the State, to form the Alabama River. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for north- east Alabama, southeast Tennessee and northwest Georgia.) Previous projects for Alabama River were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, July 13, 1892, March 3, 1905, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1837, Annual Report for 1915; page 725, Annual Report for 1938; and paragraph "Existing project," page 592, Annual Report for 1944. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 549 Previous projects for the Coosa River were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 14, 1876, September 18, 1890, July 13, 1892, June 25, 1910, and June 26, 1934. For further details of previous projects, see page 1837, Annual Report for 1915; page 728, Annual Report for 1938; and paragraph "Exist- ing project," page 594, Annual Report for 1944. Existing project. This provides for the initial and ultimate development of the Alabama-Coosa Rivers and tributaries for navigation, flood control, power, and other purposes, substantially in accordance with plans being prepared by the Chief of En- gineers, with such modifications thereof from time to time as in the discretion of the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable for the purpose of increasing the development of hydroelectric power; for the initiation and ac- complishment of the ultimate plan, it authorizes appropriations in such amounts as Congress may from time to time determine to be advisable, the total of such appropriations not to exceed $60 million. Public Law 436, 83d Congress, approved June 28, 1954, sus- pended authorization of the comprehensive plan, insofar as it provides for the development of the Coosa River, to permit non- Federal interests to develop the Coosa River by construction of a series of dams in accordance with the conditions of a license, if issued, pursuant to the Federal Power Act and in accordance with certain other provisions and requirements of the aforementioned Public Law. The initial phase of the ultimate development of the Alabama River provides for the construction of Jones Bluff and Millers Ferry multiple-purpose improvements, Claiborne lock and dam, and supplemental channel work to provide a channel depth of 9 feet for navigation from the mouth of the Alabama River to Montgomery. The variation between average high and low water is 40.4 feet. The extreme variation is 58 feet at Montgomery. The following table gives various features of the proposed locks and dams and multiple-purpose developments included in the existing project: 550 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Proposed structures Claiborne Millers Ferry Jones Bluff lock and dam lock and dam lock and dam Miles above mouth of Alabama River-..... 83 142 247 Nearest town _--_--------------..... Claiborne, Ala. Camden, Ala. Benton, Ala. Distance (miles) - ____ .___.. _ ___ 7 7 3 Greatest lock length available for full width 450 450 450 (feet). Width of lock, chamber (feet)-....-........ 82 82 82 Lift (feet) ------------------------------ 20 50 45 Elevation of normal pool surface (mean sea 30 80 125 level). Depth over sills at low water (feet)-......... 12 12 12 Character of foundation------....---- - Rock Rock Rock Kind of dam_ ___--..-- ...-- ____.------- Fixed Fixed Fixed .. Height of dam (feet)_....-.- . .-- .-- .-.- 50 85 91 Type construction__ -- -- Concrete Concrete Concrete Reservoir Capacity (acre-feet) __.......... - ......-........ .... 370,000 250,000 Power development (kw.) ----------.................---------.................... 57,000 51,000 Percent complete --- Year opened to navigation_ ._ Estimated cost: Construction_-----__ ----------- $15,382,000 $43,884,000 $44,263,000 Lands and damages (including reloca- tions -------------------------- 1,818,000 5,016,000 9,337,000 Total___-----------------.------__._ 17,200,000 48,900,000 53,600,000 The estimated cost for new work on the Alabama River, revised in 1956, is $121,370,000, exclusive of amount expended on pre- vious projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $792,000 including operation and care. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 414, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The afore-cited document contains the latest published map of the Alabama-Coosa Rivers and tributaries. Local cooperation. The conditions of cooperation required are to be determined as the formulation of plans for development of the project progresses. No action in the matter of local coopera- tion has been initiated. Terminal facilities. On the east bank at Montgomery, a natural landing connects with the city streets. The Wofford Oil Co. has a small wharf about 10 miles below Montgomery equipped for handling petroleum products. There are also various natural landings along the river. These facilities and natural landings on the Alabama River are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Review of plans for the development of the Coosa River, submitted by non-Federal interests pursuant to Public Law 436, 83d Congress, cost $6,594. No new work was performed toward development of the Alabama River. Maintenance: The U. S. pipeline dredge Guthrie, operating in the Alabama River from September 28 to October 20, 1955, re- moved 293,030 cubic yards of material at a cost of $30,087. Mis- cellaneous surveys and investigations cost $1,142. The total cost for the fiscal year was $37,823, of which $6,594 was charged to new work, and $31,229 to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 551 formed on the existing project as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. Site selection and other pre liminary planning studies have been initiated. Maintenance operations on the Alabama River, since authorization of the existing project, have been limited mainly to periodic dredging to restore the 4-foot open channel depth from the mouth to Wetumpka as provided for under previous projects.' Main- tenance operations on the Coosa River, which were discontinued in 1950, consisted mainly of the care of Government property at locks and dams which had been constructed under the previous projects. Those locks and dams have been inoperative for some years and no longer serve any useful purpose. Inspections of the lower Alabama River in 1955 indicated a controlling depth of 4 feet from the mouth to Claiborne. The controlling depths, ascertained in 1938, were as follows: Mouth to Selma, 4 feet; Selma to Montgomery, 3.5 feet; and Montgomery to Wetumpka, 3 feet. Boats drawing 3 feet can usually operate throughout the year; greater depths are usually available from November to June. On the Coosa River, the controlling depth on several of the bars, as ascertained in 1938, was 2.5 feet, and in other reaches of the river, 3 to 4 feet. Since all existing locks on the river are in- operative, through navigation is impossible. The cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $1,782,989, of which $1,660,579 was for new work (preliminary planning studies), $103,147 for maintenance of existing channel in Alabama River (4-foot project), and $19,263 for operating and care of locks and dams on Coosa River (care of lockmasters' houses and other Government property at lock sites prior to 1950 when this activity was discontinued). Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-...... $75,600 $200,000 -$41,000 -$30,615 $15,000 2 $1,668,985 Cost ----------- __ 243,813 101,784 38,614 8,929 6,594 81,660,579 Maintenance: Appropriated _----- ------------ 5,886 -826 _------- 31,587 122,678 Cost -------------------------- .... 5,886 -826 ------------ 31,229 122,410 1Exclusive of $3,692,483 for new work and $2,978,050 for maintenance on previous projects. 2 Includes $1,012,985 allotted for planning studies on Howell Mill Shoals Dam on Coosa River, and $15,000 allotted for review of plans for development of Coosa River submitted by non-Federal interests pursuant to Public Law 436, 83d Congress. 3 Includes $1,012, 985 applied to new work on Howell Mill Shoals dam on Coosa River, and $6,594 expended during fiscal year 1956 on review of plans submitted by non-Federal interests pursuant to Public Law 436, 83d Congress. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____ $8, 406 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__________________ 8, 406 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ 4 120, 729, 000 4Applicable to existing project insofar as it applies to development of the Alabama River only. 552 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 11. BLACK WARRIOR, WARRIOR, AND TOMBIGBEE RIVERS, ALA. Location. The Black Warrior and Warrior Rivers, a single stream, rise in northern Alabama above Birmingham and flow generally southwesterly to unite with the Tombigbee River at Demopolis, Ala. Thence, the Tombigbee flows south, uniting with the Alabama River to form the Mobile River 45 miles above the head of Mobile Bay. The distance by water from Mobile to the vicinity of Birmingham is about 415 miles. Previous projects. The original project for the improvement of Warrior River, now combined with Black Warrior and Tom- bigbee Rivers, was adopted by Act of March 3, 1875. For further details, see page 1841, Annual Report for 1915, and page 732, An- nual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides essentially for a canalized channel with minimum depth of 9 feet and a width of 200 feet, where practicable, from the mouth of the Tombigbee River, 45 miles above Mobile, to the vicinity of Birmingham, via the Tom- bigbee and Warrior Rivers, to mile 447.6 on Sipsey Fork, mile 444.6 on Mulberry Fork, and mile 420.6 on Locust Fork, a total distance of 426.6 miles. The lift is accomplished by 12 locks and dams, 1 of the locks being a double-lift structure. The project provides also for operation and care of all locks and dams. The project was essentially completed in May 1915 when the last of the original series of 17 locks and dams was opened to navi- gation. Subsequent work has consisted mainly of modification and modernization of the project. The River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1909, granted discretionary authority to the Secretary of War to reconstruct any existing structure whenever reconstruc- tion is absolutely essential to its efficient and economical mainte- nance and operation. The reconstruction may include such modi- fication in plan and location as may be necessary to provide ade- quate facilities for existing navigation. Under that authority and subsequent authorizations, locks 10, 11, and 12 on the War- rior River were replaced by a single-lift lock at Tuscaloosa, Ala., which was opened to navigation in August 1939; lock 4 on the Tombigbee River, and locks 5, 6, and 7 on the Warrior River were replaced by a single-lift lock at Demopolis, Ala., which was opened to navigation in August 1954; locks 8 and 9 on Warrior River will be replaced by a single-lift lock (Warrior lock and dam) near Eutaw, Ala., which is now under construction; and locks 1, 2, and 3, on the Tombigbee River will be replaced by a single-lift lock (Jackson lock and dam) near Coffeeville, Ala., for which planning studies are in progress. The following table presents data pertinent to features of the existing locks and dams included in the project. Dams and reservoirs Great- Type construction Dis- est Width Depth tance length of over Date Lock above Nearest town Dis- avail- cham- Lift sills at Character of Kind of of Date opened Actual cost Mo- tance able ber (feet) low foundation dam com- to navigation of lock and bile 1 (miles) for full (feet) water Lock Dam pletion dam (miles) width (feet) (feet) 1 .. _------- 101.6 Salitpa, Ala_ -.. 5 281.9 52 12 28.0 Soft rock- ...... Fixed_ Concrete Concrete ___ .. 1909 Sept. 6,1908 $560,290.02 2 .....-.. 172.6 Pennington, Ala _ 3 286.0 52 9 10.0 Hard clay ......... do ... do.... Timber crib, 1915 Nov. 1,1914 560,114.09 stone-filled. 3----------.. 194.6 Whitfield, Ala _.. 9 286.0 52 10 9.0 ... do-__- - ___do -__ do . - .. do ....- 1915 Sept. 21,1914 609,622.80 Demopolis_ 218.1 Demopolis, Ala__- 2 600.0 110 40 14.0 Rock__--_____---- ___do .. -- do.... Concrete ... (3) Aug. 10,1954 (4) 8-...---------. 288.6 Akron, Ala ... -. 3 284.7 51.65 10 9.0 .-.. do .... ... do . do__......do-_ .. . 1903 Jan. 1,1903 212,400.00 9....---------- 305.6 Moundville, Ala_ 7 284.7 52 11 9.0 . do----------_do do..... do ...... 1902 ... do . 202,440.00 Tuscaloosa__ 351.35 Tuscaloosa, Ala-_l_ --- - 460.0 95 30 10.8 Hard blue shale_ I_ __do -.. do-.... - do_ 1940 Aug. 29,1939 4,450,873.50 W 13____......---... 360.6 Peterson, Ala .. 3 285.5 52 11 10.7 Hard sandstone -__do Stone.__ Stone-...._-_ 1905 July 4,1905 203,700.00 O 14-____- _ 364.1 ._do---- . -____ 7 282.1 52 14 9.5 ..... do_____ ... _ ___do__ Concrete Concrete-___ 1910 Mar. 29,1910 414,714.89 W 15 .. _---_.. 16-__----... 370.6 377.1 Northport, Ala... Adger, Ala________ 20 21 282.1 285.5 52 52 14 21 10.0 . .. do_ 9.5 -_ -do_ ..... _ ___do... ___ -_do .__-do do -....... do .. __... - ..... do- ..... _ 1910 1915 May Jan. 2,1910 1, 1915 430,233.87 520,853.68 m 17 _- .... 378.6 ... do-_ . .... 20 285.5 52 72 9.5 ..... __do-..... __-_ do- __do........ do ...... 1915 May 13,1915 6 3,424,858.98 Total lift . --. -------------------- ---------------- -------- 254 O 1 Mileage from foot of Government Street, Mobile, Ala. 4 Latest (1956) approved estimate is $19,710,000. 2 River is tidal below this lock, and depth over the lower miter sill is 9 feet about 91 s Double lock. percent of the time, the minimum depth being 6.9 feet at extreme low tide. 6 Does not include $1,435,636 estimated cost of land submerged, damage to structures, a Construction essentially completed in 1955 with exception of minor items. and cost of clearing. C) H 554 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Descriptive data for the proposed Jackson and Warrior locks and dams are presented in the following table: Jackson 1 Warrior 2 lock and dam lock and dam Mile above Mobile 8 ...- - - --... - _..._ --...- ___. ..--.-.. ... _ 119.7 271.3 Nearest town --------------------------------------- Coffeeville, Ala. Eutaw, Ala. Distance (miles) -----. . ...-------------------------------- 3 6 ----------- Greatest lock length available for full width (feet).............. Width of chamber (feet)___------------ ----.--.--.----- _ 110 600 600 110 Lift(feet).....------------------------------------------34 22 Elevation of normal pool surface (mean sea level) ------------ 33 95 Depth over sills at low water (feet)---------------------- 13.0 13.0 Character of foundation_. ______ ..--------------- --- Rock Piling in clay Kind of dam__ - __-----....._...-------..---.-.- . Movable Movable Height ofdam (feet)- - - - ------------------ 65 65 Type construction... ------------------------------------ Earth, concrete Earth, concrete Percent complete ------------------------------------- (4) 19 Estimated cost: Construction_ ...--------.... . ... ....-..----------- $22,867,500 $12,555,000 . Lands, damages, and relocations__.----..-.-..----.-.-.--- 732,500 675,000 Total - ------------------------------------------ .- .... 23,600,000 13,230,000 1 Replaces existing locks and dams Nos. 1, 2, and 3. 2 Replaces existing locks and dams Nos. 8 and 9. 8 Mileage from foot of Government St., Mobile, Ala. *Planning studies have not been completed. Tentative estimate. Tidal influence extends from Mobile 101.6 miles to lock 1, where the tidal effect is apparent only at low stages of river. At Mobile the mean and extreme tidal ranges are 1.5 and 3.6 feet, respectively. These are at times slightly increased by the effect of winds. The greatest fluctuation of river stages is at Demopolis, Ala., the maxi- mum being 59.7 feet. The maximum fluctuations at other points are 40 feet at lock 1, 101.6 miles from Mobile; 57.8 feet at Tusca- loosa, 352.6 miles from Mobile; 13 feet at Birmingport, 409.6 miles from Mobile; and 27 feet at Cordova, 429.6 miles from Mobile. The ordinary fluctuations at these points are at lock 1, 20 feet; at Demopolis, 35 feet; at Tuscaloosa, 40 feet; at Birmingport, 4 feet; and at Cordova, 7 feet. The works of improvement have reduced the amount of fluctuations at different points by 3 to 10 feet. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $72,876,800, including a tentative estimate of $23,600,000 for the Jackson lock and dam now in the planning stage, but exclusive of amounts ex- pended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $940,000 including operation and care. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 555 Acts Work authorized Documents July 5, 1884Original appropriation for improving Black Warrior River. Original project for slack-water improvement author- Annual Report, 1887, pt. 2, p. 1302. ized by Secretary of War, Apr. 19, 1887. Mar. 3, 1899 Construction of the first locks between Tuscaloosa and Demopolis. Sept. 19, 1890 (Maintenance of the section of Tombigbee River below lock 1 to its mouth (66 miles) included in the existing project.) Do . .... Construction of locks and dams 1, 2, and 3. Merging H. Doc. 178, 56th Cong., 2d sess., of the individual projects for the Black Warrior and and Annual Report 1901, pt. 3, Warrior Rivers and the Tombigbee River below p. 1858. Demopolis. H. Doc. 165, 57th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1902, p. 1293. Mar. 2, 1907 Construction of locks and dams, 14, 15, 16, and 17. Mar. 3, 1909 Provides for reconstruction of obsolete structures, Public Law No. 317. modified in plan and location, to provide efficient and economical maintenance and operation. Aug. 22, 1911 Lift of lock 17 changed to 63 feet, and construction of H. Doc. 72, 62d Cong., 1st sess. locks and dams 18 and 19 eliminated from the proj- ect. Extension of slack-water improvement to Sanders Ferry on Mulberry Fork and Nichols Shoal on Locust Fork. Mar. 2, 1919 Raising of various dams 2 feet and raising the lock Annual Report, 1918, p. 876. walls 2 feet at lock 1 to provide a minimum depth of 8 feet at low water, widening the channel to 150 feet where practicable. Aug. 30, 1935 For snagging Mobile River from the mouth of Chick- H. Doc. 728, 71st Cong. 3d sess. asaw Creek to the junction of the Alabama and Tombigbee Rivers. Do ....---- Increase channel dimensions to 9 by 200 feet; con- H. Doc. 56, 73d Cong., 1st sess.' struct crest gates at Lock and Dam 17; add flash- boards at all dams; Sunflower Bend Cutoff. Do....... Construction of a lock and dam below Tuscaloosa to Rivers and Harbors Commitee replace original locks and dams 10, 11, and 12. Doc. 26, 74th Cong., 1st sess. June 26, 19342 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of a lock and dam near Demopolis to H. Doc. 276, 76th Cong., 1st sess. replace existing dams 4, 5, 6, and 7. Do....... Provide increased spillway capacity at dam 14....... H. Doc. 382, 77th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contains latest published maps of the Tombigbee River and tributaries. 2 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. 3 Contains maps of the Warrior River system. For maps of the Warrior and Black Warrior Rivers, see Annual Reports for 1911, p. 1702, and 1918, p. 2144, respectively. 4 Inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Facilities comprising loading and transfer stations, wharves, etc., have been provided where required along this waterway. All are privately owned and operated except the terminals at Tuscaloosa, which are leased to a private company but serve the general public, and the terminals at miles 357.6 and 409.6 which are owned and operated by the Inland Waterways Corporation, but also serve the general public. These terminals are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work performed during the fiscal year was as follows: Warrior lock and dam: New work performed under contract was as follows: Excavation for lock completed $4, 779 Access road completed____-__ 68, 309 Construction of lock commenced ----------- 879,326 Lock tender's dwelling No. 1 completed---------------------18, 336 Miscellaneous construction items----------------------- 1, 965 Total contract costs_------- --- - 972, 715 556 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 New work performed with hired labor was as follows: Land acquisition and damages_ _______________-_---- $210, 288 Permanent operating equipment ___________________-______ 8,800 Temporary facilities and miscellaneous items___ __ 3, 504 Engineering, design, supervision and administration---------400, 703 Total hired labor costs________________________ 623, 295 The total cost for new work on Warrior lock and dam was $1,596,010. Demopolis lock and dam: New work: The lock, dam, ap- purtenances, and reservoir clearing were completed, and other minor items of new work were continued, at a total cost of $295,183. Jackson lock and dam: New work, hired labor. Planning studies were continued at a cost of $32,873. Maintenance: The U. S. pipeline dredge Guthrie, operating in the Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers July 1 to September 27, October 21 to November 7, 1955, March 27 to April 5, and April 22 to June 30, 1956, removed 1,750,413 cubic yards of material; the U. S. snagboat Montgomery, operating in the Warrior and Tombig- bee Rivers July 1 to October 3, 1955, Februray 15 to 20, and March 4 to June 30, 1956, removed 5,815 cubic yards of flood deposit from lock pits and approaches and 4,479 snags and obstructions; all at a cost of $352,003 for dredging and $74,731 for removal of obstruc- tions. Rehabilitation of locks and dams cost $196,186. Miscel- laneous surveys and investigations, supervision, administration, and overhead cost $43,843. Operation and care of locks and dams cost $313,476. The total cost for the fiscal year was $2,904,305, of which $1,924,066 was for new work, and $980,239 for maintenance, in- cluding operation and care of locks and dams. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, com- menced in 1887, was essentially completed in 1915 when the last of the original series of 17 locks and dams was completed and opened to navigation. Since that time, 3 of the original locks and dams (10, 11, and 12) have been removed and replaced by the Tuscaloosa lock and dam which was completed in 1940, and 4 of the original locks and dam's (4, 5, 6, and 7) have been removed and replaced by the Demopolis lock and dam on which all major construction work was completed during the fiscal year 1955. Construction work on the Warrior lock and dam (to replace existing locks and dams 8 and 9), was commenced in November 1954, and is about 19 percent completed. Planning studies on the Jackson lock and dam (to replace locks and dams 1, 2, and 3) were in progress. Channel snagging and dredging have been completed, including dredging of a cutoff channel in 1938 through Sunflower Bend on the Tombigbee River. Construction of crest gates on dam 17 was completed in 1938. A depth of 9 feet and a minimum width of 100 feet are available at all times throughout the project, except at lock 1 where a depth of 9 feet over the lower miter sill is available about 91 percent of the time and a depth of 6.9 feet is available at extreme low tide. The work remaining RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 557 to be done under present plans for modernization of the project consists of completing minor items of construction at the Demo- polis lock and dam, completing construction of the Warrior lock and dam, and constructing the Jackson lock and dam. The costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Operating and New work Maintenance care Total Regular funds _---------------- $37,558,623 $9,032,703 $16,124,445 $62,715,771 Public works funds ......... 79,220- -. -- -.....-............ 79,220 Emergency relief funds ..... 607,308---------------- 607,308 Total __-------------- 38,245,151 9,032,703 16,124,445 63,402,299 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated . __ $2,900,000 $4,202,000 $6,088,000 $5,077,100 $3,521,100 $41,663,873 Cost--------------- 2,345,721 5,198,221 7,389,066 3,627,833 1,924,066 38,245,151 Maintenance: Appropriated ... 1,192,398 954,567 1,007,626 908,300 1,017,600 25,189,512 Cost--------------- 1,274,897 905,931 1,118,948 922,387 980,239 25,157,148 1 Exclusive of $606,931 for new work and $50,000 for maintenance on previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ..... $883, 762 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ _ _- -- 5, 830, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ 6, 713, 762 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __ 25, 383, 000 12. DAUPHIN ISLAND BAY, ALA. Location. This bay lies between Dauphin and Little Dauphin Islands, on the west side of the entrance to Mobile Bay, about 30 miles south of Mobile, Ala., and 55 miles west of Pensacola, Fla. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1266.) Existing project. This provides for (1) a channel 7 feet deep and 150 feet wide from that depth in Mobile Bay to an anchorage basin of the same depth, 600 feet long and 500 feet wide, in the marsh just north of Fort Gaines on Dauphin Island; a channel 4 feet deep and 40 feet wide from the anchorage basin to the 3-foot hydrographic contour in Dauphin Island Bay; and for a jetty on the north side of entrance channel if the construction of such jetty is found necessary in order to prevent excessive shoaling in the channel; and (2) an anchorage basin 7 feet deep and 500 feet square at Dauphin Island village, with an entrance channel of like depth, 100 feet wide and about 8,300 feet long, extending to the 7-foot hydrographic contour in Mississippi Sound. The mean 558 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 tidal range is 1.1 feet, and the extreme, except during storms, is about 4 feet. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $245,100, of which $177,000 is for those features of the project located in the vicinity of Fort Gaines, and $68,100 for those features of the project located in the vicinity of Dauphin Island village. The estimate for the Fort Gaines channel ($177,000) includes $124,000 for bank stabilization works and a jetty. The latest (1956) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of completed works is $7,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 333, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), and September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 394, 82d Cong., 2d sess.). The docu- ments contain the latest published maps. Local cooperation. For that portion of the project in the vicinity of Fort Gaines (Fort Gaines Channel), local interests are re- quired to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas, when and as required, for construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. No action has been taken in the matter of local cooperation in connection with the Fort Gaines Channel. For that portion of the project in the vicinity of Dauphin Island village (Village Channel), the requirements for local cooperation are the same as those for the Fort Gaines Channel, with the addi- tional provision that local interests are required to give satisfac- tory assurance that they will provide suitable landing facilities and access thereto, open to all on equal terms. These conditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. The contractor's pipeline dredge Jahncke, engaged in new work dredging in the village channel from May 13 to June 4, 1956, removed 282,243 cubic yards of material at a cost of $60,400. Engineering, design, supervision, and administration in connection therewith cost $7,670. Planning studies on the Fort Gaines Channel cost $1,247. The total cost for the fiscal year was $69,317, all charged to new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, com- menced in May 1956, was about 28 percent completed. The village channel and basin, dredged to a depth of 7 feet, were completed in 1956. Work remaining to be done to complete the project con- sists of dredging the Fort Gaines Channel and Basin, and con- structing protective works proposed in connection therewith. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $69,317, all for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 559 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........ ---------------- $71, 500 $71,500 Cost------- ----------------------------------------------- 69,317 69,317 Otlher new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ______- $2, 183 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ 173,600 13. BAYOU CODEN, ALA. Location. Bayou Coden is a small tidal stream on the southern coast of Mobile County, Ala., emptying into Mississippi Sound about 7.6 miles northwest of Cedar Point, the southern tip of the western mainland shore of Mobile Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 1266.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 4 feet deep, 40 feet wide, and about 4,100 feet long, extending from the 4-foot depth in Portersville Bay (Mississippi Sound) to the bridge at La Belle Avenue in the town of Coden. The mean tidal range is 1/4 feet, and the extreme, except during storms, is 31/2 feet. The project was completed in May 1956 at a total cost of $5,650 for new work. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 824, 77th Cong., 2d sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. The conditions require local interests to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide, without cost to the United States, necessary rights- of-way and spoil-disposal areas for initial construction and sub- sequent maintenance of the project, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improve- ment. These conditions were complied with in the form of a resolution adopted December 1, 1955 by the Bayou La Batre- Coden Chamber of Commerce. Terminal facilities. The facilities consist of small wharves at the several seafood plants along the bayou, and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work dredging in the project channel was commenced on May 15 and completed on May 19, 1956, during which time the U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans removed 12,531 cubic yards of material at a cost of $4,401. Engineering, design, supervision, and administration cost $599. The total cost during the fiscal year was $5,000, all charged to new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction work on the project was commenced and completed in May 1956, providing a 560 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 navigable channel with minimum dimensions of 4 by 40 feet from Portersville Bay to the La Belle Avenue bridge. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $5,650, charged to new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $5,000 $5,650 Cost ----------------------------------- 5,000 ...............-------------------- 5,650 14. BAYOU LA BATRE, ALA. Location. Bayou La Batre is a tidal stream about 10 miles long, emptying into Mississippi Sound on the southern coast of Mobile County, Ala., about 10 miles northwest of Cedar Point, the south- ern tip of the western mainland shore of Mobile Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1267.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 100 feet wide and 9 feet deep from that depth in Mississippi Sound to the highway bridge at the town of Bayou La Batre. The mean tidal range is 13/4 feet, and the extreme, except during storms, is 33/4 feet. The project was completed in March 1956 at a total cost of $99,960. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 281, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), which provides for modification of the project as originally authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1925. The document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. The conditions require local interests to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide, without cost to the United States, necessary ease- ments for dredging and spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. These conditions were complied with in the form of a resolution adopted December 1, 1955, by the Bayou La Batre- Coden Chamber of Commerce. Terminal facilities. The facilities consist mainly of small wooden wharves at the several seafood canning and processing plants on the bayou. Most of these facilities are privately owned, but are available for public use and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The contractor's pipeline dredge Jahncke, operating in Bayou La Batre from Febru- ary 19 to March 28, 1956, removed 419,992 cubic yards of material at a cost of $70,138. Engineering, design, supervision, and ad- ministration cost $8,770. The total cost during the fiscal year was $78,908, charged to new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 561 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project as origin- ally authorized in 1925 was completed in 1926, and modification thereof as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, was completed in March 1956. The controlling depth in the channel in March 1956 was 9 feet. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $213,127, of which $99,960 was for new work, and $113,167 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.. --------------------------------------------- $78,908 $99,960 Cost------------------- ------------------------------------ 78,908 99,960 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- ------------ $217 _ -_----------- 113,167 Cost-------------------.. ---- ----- 217 ------------------------ 113,167 15. PASCAGOULA HARBOR, MISS. Location. This harbor, located along the lower 6.8 miles of Pascagoula River and the lower 4 miles of Dog River, is in south- eastern Mississippi, about 61 miles by water west of Mobile Har- bor, Ala., and about 44 miles east of Gulfport Harbor, Miss. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1267.) Previous projects. Appropriations were made for Pascagoula River by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1827, May 23, 1828, and August 30, 1852. The first definite project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. Other projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 5, 1886, August 18, 1894, June 3, 1896, March 3, 1899, June 13, 1902, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1843, Annual Report for 1915, and page 741, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a through channel of the maximum dimensions that can be secured by the expenditure of $283,000, but not exceeding 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide across the outer bar at Horn Island Pass, thence 22 feet deep and 225 feet wide to the railroad bridge at Pascagoula, thence 22 feet deep and 150 feet wide, increased at sharp bends, to a point on Dog River 4 miles above its mouth. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, modified the existing project to provide a cutoff channel, 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide, from State Highway 63 bridge over Dog River through Robertson and Bounds Lakes to mile 3.4 on Dog River, thence up Dog River to mile 4, in lieu of that part of the present project channel upstream of the State Highway 63 bridge (H. Doc. 188, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The total length of the exist- ing project is about 21.7 miles. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 13/4 feet and the extreme range is 33/4 feet. The River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, author- ized modification of the existing project in accordance with plans on file in the office of the Chief of Engineers. The plans for modi- 562 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 fication of the project are being further developed in accordance with a resolution adopted August 16, 1950, by the Committee on Public Works of the House of Representatives, which authorized and directed a review of reports on Pascagoula Harbor with a view to determining if it is advisable for the Federal Government to assume maintenance of the existing project of the Pascagoula Har- bor, Miss., as modified by local interests. The project was modi- fied by local interests in 1949, at their expense, to provide a chan- nel 35 feet deep and 325 feet wide through Horn Island Pass, 30 feet deep and 275 feet wide through Mississippi Sound and Pasca- goula River to the Louisville and Nashville Railroad bridge, and a turning basin 30 feet deep on the right bank of the river below the railroad bridge. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $1,260,000, including $958,000 for modification of the project as authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, but ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $105,000, exclusive of any additional maintenance costs which may be incurred through modification of the project as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of 1954. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 4, 1913 Limiting the channel dimensions subject to local co- H. Doc. 682, 62d Cong., 2d sess. operation. Mar. 4, 1915 Modified the required local cooperation and provided Rivers and Harbors Comm. Doc. present project channel dimensions. 12, 63d Cong., 2d sess. May 17, 1950 Cutoff channel, 12 by 125 feet, from State Highway 63 H. Doc. 188, 81st Cong., 1st sess. bridge through Robertson and Bounds Lakes, thence up Dog River to mile 4. Sept. 3, 1954 Modification to provide increased dimensions of (2) channel and turning basin south of Louisville and Nashville Railroad bridge. ' The latest published maps may be found in H. Doc. 211, 54th Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doc. 188, 81st Cong., 1st sess. 2 Survey report now being prepared. Local cooperation. None required for work authorized prior to the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950. For work authorized by the aforementioned act, local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, spoil-disposal areas, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the improvement and its subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and (b) hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works. Local interests have been contacted and notified of the conditions of local cooperation required, and negotiations for acquisition of rights-of-way are now in progress. Terminal facilities. The municipal wharf on the east side of Pascagoula River has an available dockage of 1,094 feet. The Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company's wharf in the Pasca- goula River at Pascagoula, Miss., just north of their bridge, and the Mississippi Export Railroad wharf on the Dog River at Moss Point, RIVERS AND HARBORS--MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 563 Miss., have available dockages of 60 and 380 feet, respectively. The Farnsworth Coal Co., has a wharf on the Pascagoula River, just north of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company's wharf. All private terminals, together with the municipal wharf, are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 19, revised in 1949.) Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. hopper dredge Langfitt, operating in Horn Island Pass channel from September 21 to 25, 1955, removed 84,080 cubic yards of material at a cost of $18,399. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys cost $2,501. The total cost for the fiscal year was $20,900, all charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, com- menced in 1917, was essentially completed prior to adoption of modifications authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of May 17, 1950, and September 3, 1954, respectively. The controlling chan- nel depths indicated by most recent inspections were as follows: Horn Island Pass, 25 feet, June 1956; Mississippi Sound channel, 20.5 feet, June 1956; Pascagoula River and Dog River channels, 18 feet, September 1951. The controlling depths in the Dog River cutoff channel dredged by local interests was 18 feet in April 1955. Work remaining to be done to accomplish modifications of the project, as authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of 1950 and 1954, consists of dredging in the ship channels and turning basin south of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad bridge to restore project dimensions provided by local interests in 1949, and dredg- ing as may be required to restore project dimensions in the Dog River cutoff channel dredged by local interests in 1955. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $1,959,973, of which $258,040 was for new work and $1,701,933 for maintenance. In addition, $739,513 was expended by local in- terests in fiscal year 1949 to deepen the ship channel south of the railroad bridge below the Federal project depth, and $63,000 by local interests in 1955 to provide an 18-foot depth in the Dog River cutoff channel. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ----- Appropriated---......----------------- ---------- --- ------------ ------------ $258,040 Cost----- --------------- ----------------------------------- ------------ 258,040 Maintenance: Appropriated- ----- _ -$27,195 $906 ------------ $161,000 $20,900 1,701,933 Cost_-----------------. 77,123 906 ------------ 161,000 20,900 1,701,933 1Exclusive of$904,442 fornew work and $412,624 formaintenance on previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ..... $1, 002, 000 564 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 16. PASCAGOULA RIVER, MISS. Location. This river, about 89 miles long, is formed by the con- fluence of the Leaf and Chickasawhay Rivers near Merrill, in south- eastern Mississippi, and empties into Mississippi Sound at Pasca- goula. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Mississippi.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details, see page 1845, Annual Report for 1915, and page 743, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides only for the maintenance of the channel above the mouth of the Dog or Escatawpa River, 82.1 miles, by the removal of obstructions from time to time. The mean and extreme tidal variations at the mouth are about 11/2 and 4 feet, respectively. The ordinary and extreme fluctuations at Merrill, due to floods, are 19.4 and 26.2 feet, respectively. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents' Aug. 5, 1886 The existing project was adopted, and included Annual Report, 1879, p. 835. dredging at the mouth of the river. Mar. 3, 1899 Limited the improvement to the section above the mouth of Dog River, and appropriations since have been made accordingly. 1For latest published map, see H. Doc. 1723, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The natural landings on this river, the municipal wharf at Pascagoula, and the privately owned wharves at Moss Point and Pascagoula, Miss., are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. dragline No. 1, operating in the Pascagoula River from October 13 to November 4, 1955, removed 211 snags at a cost of $5,829. The total cost for the fiscal year was $5,829, all charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, which is for maintenance, was commenced in 1888, and work has been car- ried on intermittently since. The controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year were 7 feet from the mouth of Dog River to Dead Lake. The head of navigation for boat traffic is Merrill, Miss. A zero gage reading at Merrill indicates that a 3-foot depth of water is available; from December through June each year greater depths are available. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $164,684, for all maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 565 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated -------------------- $6,345 -. $5,829 $164,684 Cost--- ------------ ------------ 6,345------------------------ 5,829 164,684 1Exclusive of $15,000 for new work for previous projects. 17. GULFPORT HARBOR, MISS. Location. On Mississippi Sound in southeastern Mississippi, about 44 and 90 miles by water west of Pascagoula Harbor, Miss., and Mobile Harbor, Ala., respectively, and 78 miles east of New Orleans (via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway). (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1267.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1899 (H. Doc. 120, 55th Cong., 3d sess.) ; March 2, 1907; February 27, 1911; and January 21, 1927. For further details, see page 1846, Annual Report for 1915; page 857, Annual Report for 1929; and page 747, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 32 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and about 8 miles long across Ship Island Bar, a channel 30 feet deep, 200 feet wide and about 11 miles long through Mis- sissippi Sound, and a depth of 30 feet in the 1,320 by 2,640-foot anchorage basin at Gulfport. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 13/4 feet, and the extreme tidal range about 31/2 feet. The project has been completed at a cost of $635,758 for new work, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $270,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. 692, 69th Cong., 2d sess.), and the River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 112, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map of this locality are in the project documents. Recommended modification of project. Under date of January 19, 1956, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the existing project be modified to provide for maintenance of the existing commercial small-boat harbor, about 26 acres in area, and a straight approach channel, 100 feet wide and about 4,300 feet long, from deep water in Mississippi Sound to the basin, all at a depth of 8 feet, at an estimated cost to the United States of $5,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required, provided that dredging shall not be performed by the United States within 35 feet of the face of any structures, and subject to certain prescribed conditions of local cooperation. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The modern rail-connected terminal facili- ties at this port are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 19, revised in 1949.) 566 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operations and results during fiscal year. The contractor's pipeline dredge Diesel, operating in the Gulfport ship channel from December 1, 1955, to January 27, 1956, removed 3,522,578 cubic yards of material at a cost of $224,871. Miscellaneous investiga- tions and surveys cost $12,102. The total cost for the fiscal year was $236,973, all charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- menced in 1932 and completed in April 1950. The controlling depths in the channels and basin, as indicated by most recent ex- aminations, were as follows: Ship Island Bar Channel, 31 feet, July 1955; Mississippi Sound Channel, 27.5 feet, June 1956; and anchorage basin, 30 feet, June 1956. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows : Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds .-------------------------- $587,875 $3,469,351 $4,057,226 Public works funds_---------------- 47,883 ---... --. -- 47,883 Total _ __---------------------------- 635,758 3,469,351 4,105,109 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--....-- . ----------------------------------------------- ----------- $635,758 Cost....-------------- --------------------- -------------------------------- 635,758 Maintenance: Appropriated ...___.. $254,400 $230,589 $224,373 $165,675 $237,073 3,469,464 Cost_--_---------- 289,654 229,243 223,161 168,247 236,973 3,469,361 1 Exclusive of $269,017 for new work and $2,312,292 for maintenance for previous projects. 18. PEARL RIVER, MISS. AND LA. Location. Pearl River rises in east central Mississippi and flows southwest about 172 miles to Jackson, Miss., thence southeast about 269 miles to the head of its delta, whence the East Pearl River flows about 34 miles to the Rigolets, a tidal pass connecting Lake Pontchartrain with Lake Borgne, an arm of the Gulf of Mexico. Previous projects. Adopted by the acts of June 14, 1880, and April 21, 1900. For further details, see page 950, Annual Report for 1922, and page 750, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel from the mouth of West Pearl River for 58 miles to the mouth of Bogalusa Creek at Bogalusa La., 7 feet deep at low water with a bottom width of 100 feet in the river sections and 80 feet in the canal section; with locks 65 by 310 feet clear inside dimensions. The plan of improvement may be divided into three sections as RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 567 follows: River section from the mouth of West Pearl River to mile 28.5 at Holmes Bayou with a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide, to be obtained by dredging, snagging, and cutoffs at sharp bends; the canal section from mile 28.5 to mile 48.7 at Pools Bluff with a channel 7 feet deep and 80 feet wide, to be obtained by the construction of 3 locks in the canal with sills across Bogue Chitto at mile 44 and across the river at mile 48.7; river section from mile 48.7 to mile 58 at the mouth of Bogalusa Creek, to be obtained by dredging, snagging, and easing of bends. At Bogalusa the mean variation of the water surface is 10 feet and the extreme, 23 feet. The following table gives various features of the locks included in the existing project: Lock 1 2 3 Miles above mouth_. ..------------------- 29.4 40.7 43.9 Nearest town ------------------------ Pearl River, La. Bush, La. Sun, La. Miles to nearest town -__- __ _ _ _.. - 9 3 2 Greatest length available for full width 310 310 310 (feet). Width of chamber (feet). _---------------- 65 65 65 Lift (feet) 26.7 .--.--------------------------- 15.0 11.0 Depth over sills at low water (feet)-........ 10 10 10 Character of foundation _.---------------- - Sand, gravel, silt, Sand, gravel, silt, Sand, gravel, silt, clay. clay. clay. Type of construction _------------------ Concrete and steel Concrete and steel Concrete and steel Year completed_-. ---------------------- 1949 1950 1950 Date opened to navigation__--------------_ Nov. 1953 Nov. 1953 Nov. 1953 Actual cost of lock _ $2,119,110 __-------------------- $1,967,537 $1,497,539 The project was completed in January 1956 at a cost of $8,274,- 494, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $150,000, including operation and care. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, subject to the approval of the Board of Engin- eers. This approval is contained in House Document No. 408, 75th Congress, 2d session, which document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Local interests are required to furnish all flowage and dumping easements needed for subsequent maintenance of the improvement, and to assume full responsibility for all property damage incident to the maintenance of the canal. (See H. Doc. 408; 75th Cong., 2d sess.). Terminal facilities. The city of Bogalusa has provided a barge terminal consisting of a wharf, transit shed, and access road at Richardson's Landing at the head of the project. A privately owned wharf at the Pearl River highway bridge near Pearl River Station, La., is used for unloading logs. No other facilities exist except natural landings at various locations on the river. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work, contract: Construction completed on lockkeepers' houses at a cost of $17,594. New work, hired labor: Motorization of gate operating ma- chinery completed at a cost of $11,129. Engineering, design, supervision, and administration cost $3,655. 568 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Maintenance: The U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans, operating in Pearl River, removed 101,895 cubic yards of material July 1 to July 31, 1955, and 120,852 cubic yards of material May 20 to June 30, 1956, at a cost of $65,917. The U. S. dragline No. 1, operating in Pearl River, removed 627 snags July 1 to August 5, 1955; 80 snags September 21 to 26, 1955; 215 snags October 1 to 12, 1955; and 355 snags June 12 to 30, 1956; all at a cost of $14,250. Re- pairs on levees and lock walls cost $320. Miscellaneous inspec- tions and surveys cost $9,735. Operating and care: Operation and ordinary maintenance of locks cost $25,066. The total cost for the fiscal year was $147,666, of which $32,378 was for new work, and $115,288 for maintenance, including oper- ating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, commenced in October 1938, was completed in January 1956. All locks were opened to navigation in November 1953, and authorized project depths obtained throughout. The cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $8,653,425, of which $8,274,494 was for new work, and $378,931 for mainte- nance, including operating and care. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated..-------.... $978,000 ---------------------- ------------ -$283 $8,274,494 Cost----------------- 75,448 $685,619 $123,121 $65,830 32,378 8,274,494 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... 8,000 11,300 100,900 132,220 113,400 381,609 Cost----------------- 6,384 12,726 102,498 128,770 115,288 378,931 1 Exclusive of $144,443 for new work and $168,172 for maintenance for previous projects. 19. REMOVING THE WATER HYACINTH, MOBILE DISTRICT Location. Streams tributary to the Gulf coast in the Mobile district. Existing project. This provides for the extermination or re- moval of plants from the navigable waters of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, so far as they are or may be- come an obstruction to commerce, by any mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever; for the construction and operation of boats equipped with suitable machinery for such removal; and for the construction and operation of log booms to prevent the drifting of plants from one stream to another. The estimate of cost, made in 1899, was $25,000 each for 2 boats, $10,000 for operation in each district, and $1,000 for the estab- lishment of booms. The latest (1956) approved estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 569 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Appropriations made for the State of Florida and H. Doc. 91, 55th Cong., 3d sess. Louisiana and provided for the extermination or removal of plants, the building of boats, and the establishment of booms. June 13, 1902 Use of any mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever. Mar. 3, 1905 Appropriation made available for the State of Texas. Do-....... Appropriation made for Florida, provided that no Mar. 2, 1907 chemical process injurious to cattle shall be used. July 25, 1912 Appropriation made available for the State of Missis- sippi, and also made available for use in that State the operating plant pertaining to the work in Loui- siana. July 27, 1916 Appropriation made available for the State of Ala- bama. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. United States plant and hired labor operating in Squirrel Bayou, Tensaw River, Red Hill Creek, Dennis Lake, Hurricane Bayou, Big Lizard Creek, Briar Creek, Lizard Creek, and Dog River, Alabama, July 1 to August 9, 1955; in Jim Woodruff Reservoir, Florida, September 14 to 23, 1955; in Pearl River, Mississippi and Louisiana, Septem- ber 27 to 30, and October 3 to 7, 1955; and in Pinto Pass Reserva- tion, Three Mile Creek, Chickasaw Creek, Bayou Sara and Black Creek, Alabama, June 11 to 30, 1956, sprayed 233 acres of hyacinth. The cost for the fiscal year was $14,008, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, which is for maintenance, was commenced about 1899, and work has been carried on as required since that time. The cost under the exist- ing project was $475,718, for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated _______ -$2,532 $8,221 $6,989 $14,030 $14,990 $476,573 Cost______________-_ 5,578 7,610 4,334 17,423 14,008 475,718 20. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey conducted Carrabelle Harbor, Fla__.____________.. _______ $203 June 1956. La Grange Bayou, Fla_--____--____ __- -____ 707 March-April 1956. Port St. Joe Harbor, Fla------------------------ 1,787 July, August, October, November 1955; March, April, 1956. Biloxi Harbor, Miss__ ----- ___----- -288 March 1956. Total cost during fiscal year ------------- 2,985 570 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 21. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Biloxi Harbor, Miss--________----______ 4 - -- - 1955 1194,162 13 462,816 9 15,200 2. Blackwater River, Fla. . .............. 1949 41,650 106,759 (1) 3. Bluff Creek, Miss.4 6_________________________ 1893 1,000 _------------(1) 4. Cahaba River, Ala.3 6______ 4 1894 45,000 (2) 5. Carrabelle Bar and Harbor, Fla. .. 4 __..... 1950 363,686 275,535 (1) 6. Choctawhatchee River, 4Fla. and -- -- -- -- - Ala. ....... 1949 171,885 266,445 (1) 7. East Pearl River, Miss. ________ _ 1951 37,128 59,325 (1) 8. Escambia and Conecuh Rivers, Fla. and Ala 1951 118,336 110,700 (1) 9. Fly Creek, Fairhope, Ala... ____________ 1950 1014,000 10. Harrison County, Miss., shore protection 1953 1,133,000 ------------. - (1) project. 11. Holmes River, Fla. __--------------- -__---_ 1931 8,562 36,800 (1) 12. La Grange Bayou, Fla....-_______ - -___ 1951 64,151 43,546 10104,000 13. Noxubee River, Miss.3 6 7 4 1902 47,528 14,472 (1) 14. Pass Christian Harbor, Miss. '5------------ 1947 1,100 -------------- 24,000 15. Pensacola Harbor, Fla-- ---------- - ___- 1955 1,095,522 1,501,451 9 168,200 16. Port St. Joe Harbor, Fla..-------------- - 1955 12 579,989 480,239 101,320,000 17. St. Marks River, Fla_--------______ ________ 1955 229,742 17,714 (1) 18. Tallapoosa River, Ala.1 . .... 1893 43,972 ----------- -- (2) 19. Waterway connecting the Tombigbee and 1953 713,704 _----------- 8 226,340,000 Tennessee Rivers, Ala. and Miss.' 20. Wolf and Jordan Rivers, Miss_-------------- 1955 29,195 94,369 (1) 1 Completed. 34Considered 2 completed. No commerce reported. Channel adequate for commerce. ' To be restudied. 6 Abandonment recommended in H. Doec. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 7 That portion of the Noxubee River in Noxubee County, Miss., was declared nonnavigable on Feb. 24, 1934, Act S. 2337, 73d Cong., 2d sess. (48 Stat. 356). 81954 estimate. 91955 estimate. 1o1956 estimate. 11Exclusive $5,000 contributed funds for new work. 12Exclusive $20,000 contributed funds for new work. 1a Exclusive $10,200 contributed funds for maintenance. 22. ALLATOONA RESERVOIR, COOSA RIVER BASIN, GA. Location. Allatoona Dam is on the Etowah River in Bartow County, Ga., about 48 miles upstream from Rome, Ga., about 5 miles due east of Cartersville, Ga., and about 2,000 feet downstream from the mouth of Allatoona Creek. The reservoir extends about 27 miles up the Etowah River at maximum-power-pool elevation of 835 feet above mean sea level. Existing project. This provides for a dam and reservoir for flood control, regulation of streamflow for navigation, and develop- ment of hydroelectric power. The height above river bottom of the concrete gravity-type dam is about 190 feet, from elevation 690 feet to 880 feet above mean sea level. The spillway, with crest at elevation 835, is controlled by 9 Tainter gates, 40 feet wide by 25 feet high, and 2 Tainter gates 20 feet wide by 25 feet high; it has a discharge capacity of 318,500 cubic feet per second with water surface at elevation 870.1. One 48-inch diameter sluicing conduit with free discharge valve, and 4 sluices 5 feet 8 inches wide by 10 feet high, are included in the dam. The reservoir, covering 19,200 acres at elevation 860, has a storage capacity of 671,000 acre-feet. The estimated cost (1956) is $31,321,000. The latest (1956) estimate for annual cost for maintenance is FLOOD CONTROL-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 571 $280,000. This project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts of August 18, 1941, and December 22, 1944 (PL 228, 77th Cong., 1st sess.), as outlined in House Document 674, 76th Congress, 3d session. Local cooperation. None required. (Sec. 2 of the Flood Con- trol Act approved June 28, 1938, applies.) Operation and results during fiscal year. New work, contract: Addition to Operations Building was completed at a cost of $12,216. New work, hired labor: Lands and damages cost $6,266; ac- cessory electrical equipment cost $85; construction of recreational facilities was completed at a cost of $5,866; installation of flood- reporting network was completed at a cost of $4,476; engineering, design, supervision, and administration cost $1,487. Operation and maintenance: Operation and ordinary mainte- nance of dam, reservoir, powerhouse, service facilities and recrea- tion facilities, and supervision and administration incidental there- to cost $204,608. Improvement and replacement of appurtenances to dam and powerhouse cost $6,839. Preparation of an operating manual cost $725. The net total cost for the fiscal year was $242,568, of which $30,936 was for new work, and $212,172 for operation and maintenance. Rains in the headwater area during March 1956 caused a 4-foot rise in the pool elevation, impounding about 50,000 acre-feet, most of which was in flood-control storage. The natural stage at Rome, Ga., was reduced about 5 feet, and the stage at Gadsden, Ala., was reduced about 1/2 foot. Corresponding reductions in flood losses were estimated at $31,200, all rural. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on existing proj- ect, commenced in March 1944, is completed. Major construction work was completed when the last unit was placed on the line in May 1950. The remaining minor items of construction were com- pleted in October 1955. Work remaining to be done consists of some acquisition of easements of a relatively minor nature. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $32,529,482, of which $31,243,467 was for new work, and $1,286,015 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated-..... -$133,330 -$135,065 -$79,978 $65,000 $5,659 $31,245,636 Cost------- -------- 322,770 330,942 51,343 92,688 30,396 31,243,467 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 194,250 235,000 241,960 185,500 213,500 1,293,810 Cost------.---- ---- 205,084 237,218 220,622 202,275 212,172 1,286,015 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- _. $1,374 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__ ___________________-__ 75,364 572 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 23. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Collinsville, Ala_..----__--... . ____ ___ __- 1940 $71,119 -------- (2) 2. Prattville, Autauga Creek, Ala--....------------- 1946 649,280 --------------- (1) 3. Rome, Coosa River, Ga-_------------------- 1955 384,550 -------------- (1) 4. West Point, Chattahoochee River, Ga------- ..... 1955 599,637 ...........-------------... (1) 1 Completed. 2 Completed with funds appropriated for the maintenance and improvement of river and harbor works. 24. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS The local flood-protection works for which inspection is per- formed under this heading consist of levee projects at West Point, Ga., on the Chattahoochee River; Elba and Geneva, Ala., in the Choctawhatchee River basin; and Rome, Ga., Collinsville, Ala., and Prattville, Ala., in the Alabama-Coosa River basin; and a chan- nel rectification project on Sowashee Creek, Meridian, Miss., in the Chickasawhay River basin. The projects at Rome, Ga., and Collinsville, Ala., include pumping stations. Inspections were made during the fiscal year to determine the extend of compliance with approved regulations for maintenance and operation of the several projects. Responsible local officials were advised of inadequacies in the maintenance and operation of the local flood-protection works under this jurisdiction where appropriate. Costs charged under this heading during the fiscal year were $400. The total cost to June 30, 1956, was $1,200, charged to mainte- nance. 25. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood ControlAct). Montezuma, Ga.: Plans and specifications were completed at a cost of $7,886, charged to new work. A contract for construction has been awarded, but construction has not been initiated. Sowashee Creek, Meridian, Miss.: Under terms of agreement on local cooperation in connection with modification of bridge piers and footings, payment was made to the city of Meridian at a cost of $3,663, charged to new work. The project has been completed. Gordon Creek, Hattiesburg, Miss.: Engineering and adminis- trative work in connection with the project cost $330, charged to new work. This project has been recommended for abandonment in view of the inability of local interests to comply with require- ments of local cooperation. Local interests were so notified on May 24, 1956. The total cost during the fiscal year for new work under this GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 573 authority was $11,879. The total cost to June 30, 1956, for work performed under authority of section 212 of the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, was $293,338 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....... $145,500 -$612 $80,000 ------------ $143,137 $501,025 Cost---------------- 70,125 20,050 11,177 $123,802 11,879 293,338 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ __-__ $95, 256 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _______________________________ __- 95,256 26. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The total cost during the fiscal year was $109,735, of which $67,337 was for navigation studies, $38,342 for flood-control studies, and $4,056 for special (hurricane) studies. The unex- pended balance of $133,186 will be applied toward the completion of studies in progress. An additional allotment of $57,500 could be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957, of which $16,200 would be applied on navigation studies, 26,300 on flood-control studies, and $15,000 on special (hurricane) studies. 27. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The collection and study of basic data during the fiscal year con- sisted of stream measurements and the preparation of stage hydrographs at nine stations on tributaries of the Mobile River system. The cost during the fiscal year was $1,700. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of the State of Lousiana, in- cluding the drainage area of the Red River south of Fulton, Ark., in Arkansas and Texas, embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico, except the Missis- sippi River above mile 320 above Head of Passes, the drainage area of the Ouachita-Black River Basin, and small eastern and western portions of Louisiana tributary to Pearl River and Sabine River and Lake. The district boundary extends in a northerly and westerly direc- tion from the Gulf of Mexico along the easterly and northerly watershed line of the Sabine River and Lake to include the right- bank tributaries of the Red River south of Fulton, Ark., in the States of Arkansas and Texas, and the south bank levees im- mediately above Fulton, Ark., in Miller County, Ark., and Bowie County, Tex., crossing the Red River at Fulton, Ark., thence north-northeast to vicinity of Nashville, Ark., generally southeast along the divide between the Red and Ouachita-Black River water- sheds to the confluence of the Black and Red Rivers near Acme, La., eastward along the north bank of the Red River; across Bayou Cocodrie at its confluence with the Red River; southeast from Bayou Cocodrie to the south end of the Shaw levee enlargement at levee station 7510; due east to the thalweg of the Mississippi River (approximately mile 318.0 AHP) ; along the thalweg of the Mississippi River to mile 320 AHP; due east to the top of the east bank of the Mississippi River; along the top of the east bank of the Mississippi River to approximately mile 310 AHP; thence gener- ally northeast along the divide between the Buffalo-Homochitto and Amite River watersheds to the dividing line between the Lower Mississippi Valley and South Atlantic Divisions near Bogue Chitto, Miss.; thence, along that line and the westerly watershed line of the Pearl River Basin to the north bank of the Rigolets; thence, along the north bank of the Rigolets to Long Point Light; thence, follow- ing a line bearing true south crossing the Intracoastal Waterway to Lake Borgne Light No. 41; thence, generally easterly to a point 1 mile due south of the southerly point of Grand Island; thence, to a point 1 mile due north of the northeasterly tip of the Isle au Pitre group of islands; thence, to a point 1 mile due north of the northerly point of the Chandeleur Islands; and thence, following a line bearing S. 50 ° E. into the Gulf of Mexico. It includes the sections of the Intracoastal Waterway from Lake Borgne Light No. 41 to the Sabine River, and the Passes of the Mississippi River. It exercises jurisdiction over flood control work on the Mississippi River from mile 320 AHP to the Gulf of Mexico; on the Red River including its south bank levees and tribu- taries from Index, Tex., to its junction with Old River and the Atchafalaya River; the Atchafalaya River; and in the Atchafalaya Basin; and maintenance of the project navigation channel of the Mississippi River below mile 320 AHP, under the supervision of 575 576 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the president, Mississippi River Commission, and the division engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Division, Corps of Engineers, United States Army. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Red River below Fulton, Ark_ 576 17. Other authorized navigation 2. Overton-Red River Waterway, projects_. .. _ __ 621 La. - . _ _-- - 578 18. Navigation work under special 3. Cypress Bayou and Waterway authorization- . ---- 622 between Jefferson, Tex., and Shreveport, La_ . 579 Flood Control 4. Bayou Bonfouca, La .. ..... 581 5. Bayou Lacombe, La--- 582 19. Red River below Denison 6. Gulf Intracoastal Waterway Dam, New Orleans District_ 622 between Apalachee Bay, 20. Texarkana Reservoir, Tex_ _ 624 Fla., and the Mexican Bor- 21. Ferrells Bridge Reservoir, Tex_ 627 der (New Orleans District) 583 22. Red River below Denison 7. Intracoastal Waterway from Dam, levees and bank sta- the Mississippi River to bilization (New Orleans Dis- Bayou Teche, La_ 595 trict)----------------- 629 8. The Inland Waterway from 23. Bayou Bodcau Reservoir, La__ 631 Franklin to the Mermentau 24. Wallace Lake Reservoir, La _- 633 River, La_.. 596 25. Bayou Pierre, La.__ -- 634 9. Bayous LaLoutre, St. Malo, 26. Natchitoches Parish, La _ _ 635 and Yscloskey, La- 598 27. Aloha-Rigolette Area, Grant 10. Mississippi River, Baton and Rapides Parishes, La _ 636 Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico, 28. Bayou Teche and Vermilion La__- 600 River, La__________ --- 637 11. Waterway from Empire, La., 29. Mermentau River, La _..... 640 to the Gulf of Mexico ..... 609 30. Other authorized flood-control 12. Bayou Teche, La._... . 610 projects-------- ------ 643 13. Mermentau River, Bayou Nez- 31. Inspection of completed flood- pique, and Bayou des control works----------- 643 Cannes, La_...... _ ... 613 32. Flood-control work under spe- 14. Calcasieu River and Pass, La_ 615 cial authorization ...... ... 644 15. Removing the water hyacinth (Louisiana)- --_-_ _ _---- 619 General Investigations 16. Navigation projects on which reconnaissance and condi- 33. Examinations and surveys ..- 647 tion surveys only were con- 34. Collection and study of basic ducted during the fiscal year_. 620 data_------- __----------- 647 1. RED RIVER BELOW FULTON, ARK. Location. The Red River rises in the arid regions of eastern New Mexico, flows in a general easterly and southeasterly direction for 1,300 miles, and enters the Atchafalaya and Old Rivers and the Mississippi River at Red River Landing, La., via Old River. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps and Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, United States Army, alluvial valley quadrangle maps.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of May 23, 1828; June 10, 1872; June 18, 1878; March 3, 1879; August 2, 1882; July 5, 1884; August 11, 1888; and September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1868 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 895 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for continuing improvement of Red River from Fulton, Ark., to the Atchafalaya River, La., 455.6 miles by systematic clearing of the banks, snagging, dredg- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 577 ing shoals, building levees (either alone or in cooperation with riparian States), closing outlets, revetting caving banks, and pre- venting injurious cutoffs. The lower end of this project, exclusive of Overton-Red River Waterway, is at Old River, 7.6 miles west of the Mississippi River. No proposed channel dimensions are given. Floods ordinarily cause fluctuations of stage between high and low water of from 30 to 45 feet. Unusual floods occasionally in- crease this range about 10 feet. The flood of March-April 1945 produced crest stages 1 to 3 feet higher than maximum previously recorded. As the work is continuing, no estimate for completion was made. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $50,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892 (Annual Reports for 1890, p. 1829, and for 1891, p. 1957), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, to authorize construction of the Overton-Red River water- way to Shreveport, La., and provide a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the Mississippi River to the north bank of Black River (mile 35.5). (For latest published maps, see H. Doc. No. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. Predredging and re- connaissance surveys, noncooperative stream gaging, and hydrau- lic studies were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $6,928, and the U. S. dredge No. 2 under the jurisdiction of the Vicksburg District, Corps of Engineers, removed approximately 94,124 cubic yards of shoaled material from Kings Bayou Crossing during the period August 21 to September 2, 1955, at a cost of $26,416. The total costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $33,344. Condition at end of fiscal year. Maintenance in recent years provides for navigation to Shreveport, La., at medium and high stages. The head of navigation is the Arkansas-Oklahoma State line, to which point boats may occasionally run during high water if snags, overhanging trees, or similar obstructions do not inter- fere. From January to July the prevailing stage is 6 feet and over, and controlling depths are about 4 feet to Fulton, 5 feet to Shreveport, and 6 feet to Alexandria. During the remainder of the year stages near zero may be expected, with controlling depths less than 1 foot from Fulton to Shreveport, 1 to 2 feet from Shreveport to Alexandria, 4 feet from Alexandria to mouth of Black River, and 6.5 feet thence to mouth. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $2,302,424, of which $409,929 was for new work and $1,892,495 for maintenance. 578 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ------ .------------------------ - ---- - $1,963,806 Cost_------------------------------------------------------------------ 1,963,806 Maintenance: Appropriated------------------- $50,000 $14,000 $24,000 $29,000 1,892,680 Cost --------------- ------------ 50,000 11,939 21,531 33,344 1,892,495 1 Includes $1,553,878 for new work for previous projects. 2. OVERTON-RED RIVER WATERWAY, LA. Location. The work covered by this improvement is located in the State of Louisiana between the junction of the Old and Missis- sippi Rivers and Shreveport, La., along the Old and Red Rivers, through landcuts and natural channels on the south bank of Red River. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps and Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, United States Army, alluvial valley quadrangle maps.) Existing project. This improvement provides for a channel 206 miles long, 9 feet deep, and 100 feet wide, extending from the Mississippi River at mile 301 above the Head of Passes through Old River and Red River to mile 31, thence by a lateral canal ex- tending through landcuts and existing waterways, across the Mis- sissippi-Red River backwater area and along the south bank of Red River flood plain to Shreveport, La. The project includes the construction oft nine locks, and a pumping plant on Red River near Shreveport. Floods ordinarily cause fluctuations of stage between high and low water in Old River, Red River, and the backwater area of from 30 to 45 feet; the fluctuations of stages on the south bank tributary streams are somewhat less. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1956) is $93,500,000. The latest (1951) approved estimate of cost of annual mainte- nance is $700,000, of which $600,000 is for operation and care and $100,000 is for channel maintenance. This improvement was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 320, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; make all necessary changes in existing high- ways, highway bridges, and approaches thereto, and all necessary changes in public utilities, except railroad facilities; maintain parts of all railroads, highways, bridges, and utilities affected by the improvement; establish, maintain, and operate adequate terminal and transfer facilities; and hold and save the United States free from damages incident to construction, maintenance, RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 579 and operation of the improvement. Requests for assurances of local cooperation cannot be made, pending passage of legislation presently under consideration by the State of Louisiana legislature. It is anticipated that appropriate law, or laws, will be enacted, vhich will authorize the establish- ment, operation and maintenance of the "Overton-Red River Waterway and Port District." Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. Studies were made of the benefits to be derived and current cost estimates were pre- pared in order to determine the present benefit cost ratio. Soil borings along 35 miles of the channel and at the nine lock sites were made and approximately 96 miles of the waterway were surveyed and mapped as well as an additional 10 miles of alternate line. Two detail design memoranda covering the canal route and lock site selection and the channel design for the lower section of the waterway were prepared. Work was initiated on the pre- paration of plans and specifications for the excavation of the lower reach of the waterway and real estate activities were carried on. The total costs for new work during the fiscal year were $174,592. Condition at end of fiscal year. Only preliminary work has been done to date. The total costs under the project to the end of the fiscal year were $364,355 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated-....... -$15,237 -------------------------------- $175,000 $364,763 Cost--...---------------... 14,017 ----------- -------------------- 174,592 364,355 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------ $3, 408 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------- 150, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-- 153, 408 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------- 92, 985, 237 3. CYPRESS BAYOU AND WATERWAY BETWEEN JEFFERSON, TEX., AND SHREVEPORT, LA. Location. Cypress bayou rises in northeast Texas and flows in a southeasterly direction to Caddo Lake, through this lake to Big Willow Pass, and through Big and Little Willow Passes, Soda Lake, Twelve Mile Bayou, the new diversion canal, and Cross Bayou to the Red River at Shreveport, La., a distance of about 132 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps and quadrangle maps.) Cypress Bayou proper ends where it enters Caddo Lake, but the name is frequently applied to the whole waterway above described. Existing project. This provides for dredging and straighten- 580 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ing the channel, removing obstructions, and clearing the banks for 66 miles from Red River at Shreveport, to Jefferson, and for the construction of a dam without a lock at the foot of Caddo Lake. Caddo Lake Dam Location --------------------At foot of Caddo Lake, La., and Tex., about 23 miles above mouth of Jefferson- Shreveport Waterway. Below Mooringsport, La________ 2 miles. Length __________3,400 feet. Type __--___- _ Fixed, on pile foundation. Date of completion _________ Dec. 21, 1914. Cost ------------------------ $100,553.47. Below the dam, fluctuation of water level depends chiefly upon backwater from Red River, the maximum being about 10 feet. At the dam, fluctuation is from 2.5 feet below to 13.3 feet above the crest of the spillway, and at Jefferson the maximum was 30.4 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1907, is $120,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $5,200, including $3,500 for operating and care. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents' June 10, 1872 Open channel work__......-------------------------- Annual Report, 1872, p. 572. June 25, 1910 Construction of the dam ----------------------- H. Doc. 220, 60th Cong., 1st sess. 1 The latest published map is in H. Doec. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are 2 publicly owned brick ware- houses, 50 by 150 feet, at Jefferson, Tex. The following terminal facilities are located at Mooringsport, La.: One privately owned covered dock, 60 by 60 feet, open to all small boats. One privately owned pipe rack, not decked. One privately owned boatways. The warehouse at Jefferson has not been used for several years, since no commerce has moved in that vicinity. The wharf, dock, pipe rack, and boatways at Mooringsport are all owned by oil com- panies. There are no terminal facilities at Shreveport. The existing terminal facilities are considered adequate for present commerce . Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions were prepared by hired labor for repairs to Caddo Lake Dam at a cost of $1,148, and during the period October 31, 1955, to January 3, 1956, the necessary repairs to the dam were made by hired labor forces at a cost of $43,798. The total costs for main- tenance during the fiscal year were $44,946. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam at the foot of Caddo Lake was completed in 1914, completing the project. Its con- struction and maintenance insure a 4-foot navigable depth at low water from that point to Jefferson, the head of navigation but prevent possible navigation to Shreveport, except for such light- draft boats as may pass over the dam at high stages. Below the RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 581 dam, navigation is largely dependent upon backwater from Red River. A stage of from 15 to 24 feet on the Red River gage at Shreveport, depending on the runoff from Cypress Bayou drain- age area, is necessary to provide a 4-foot depth up to the dam. Such stages are short in duration and irregular in occurrence. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $591,823, of which $202,817 was for new wbrk, $250,740 for maintenance, and' $138,266 for operating and care. In addition, $50,000 was ex- pended from contributed funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .......-------- .- - ------------. - ---- - $202,817 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------ ......------------ 202,817 Maintenance: Appropriated--------...... -----.......-- .......-----------.. .....------------ $3,000 $44,416 389,005 Cost-------------...........---------------------.......------------............ 2,471 44,946 389,006 1In addition, $50,000 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. 4. BAYOU BONFOUCA, LA. Location. Bayou Bonfouca rises about 5 miles north of Slidell, La., and empties into Lake Pontchartrain 5 miles west-southwest of that town. (See U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1268 and Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, alluvial valley, Slidell and Chef Menteur quadrangle maps.) Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide on the bottom from Slidell to deep water in Lake Pontchartrain, a distance of about 73/4 miles. The average range of water level, due to tide, is 0.8 foot. The cost of new work for the project, completed in fiscal year 1931, was $30,997.27 (Federal) and $5,500 (non-Federal). The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Aci approved January 21, 1927 (H. Doc. 474, 68th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. All terminal facilities are at Slidell and consist of three loading slips and three wharves, with tram-track connections and skids for loading timber. There are also marine ways and a graving dock. All terminal facilities are privately owned and considered adequate for present commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Predredging surveys were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $1,514 and the leased dredge Pontchartrainremoved approximately 112,995 cubic yards of shoaled material in restoring the bar channel to project dimen- sions over a distance of 2.24 miles during the period October 24 to November 6, 1955, at a cost of $34,525. The total costs for main- tenance during the fiscal year were $36,040. 582 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1931. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: (November 1955) Over the bar, 10 feet; (September 1955), to Bayou Liberty, 9 feet; to mile 3, 8 feet; to mile 4, 7 feet; to mile 6, 8 feet; and to mile 7, 6 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $89,990, of which $30,997 was for new work and $58,993 for maintenance. In addition, $5,500 was expended from contri- buted funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated $30,997 ..------------------------ ........------------------------....------------ Cost---- - ------------------------------------------------------------- 30,997 Maintenance: Appropriated----------........ ------------ $36,040 ------------ ------------ 58,993 Cost-------------------- ---------------------------------- 36,040 58,993 1 In addition, $5,500 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 5. BAYOU LACOMBE, LA. Location. Bayou Lacombe rises in the southeastern portion of St. Tammany Parish and flows in a southerly direction into Lake Pontchartrain about 12 miles east of the Rigolets. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1269 and Corps of Engineers, Mis- sissippi River Commission alluvial valley map, and Slidell quadrangle.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 60 feet wide and 8 feet deep through the entrance bar in Lake Pontchartrain and the removal of snags and overhanging trees from the portion of the bayou between the mouth and the fish hatchery,- located about 8.2 miles above the mouth. Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide is 0.8 foot. The variation due to winds is from 3 to 6 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1935) was $5,600. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $4,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, which provides for dredging and snagging (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 53, 72d Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Terminal facilities. The wharves which were previously used at the sawmills have deteriorated badly. There are no other term- inal facilities along the bayou; however, the condition of the banks is such that handling facilities could be constructed at reasonable cost as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Predredging surveys were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $1,018 and the leased dredge Pontchartrainremoved approximately 28,700 cubic yards RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 583 in restoring the bar channel to project dimensions for a distance of 0.74 mile, during the period October 19-24, 1955, at a cost of $13,506. The total costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $14,524. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1931. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: (April 1956) Over bar, 8.5 feet; to mile 2, 8 feet; to mile 3.5, 9 feet; to mile 5, 12 feet; and to mile 6.9, 10 feet; trees and snags above this point. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $20,634, of which $4,716 was for new work and $15,918 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- -------- ------------ -----------------------.......... - ---------- $4,716 Cost---------- ----------------------------------- ------------------------ 4,716 Maintenance: Appropriated.....------------ ............ ------------------------------------$14,524 15,918 Cost ..........- 14,524 ---------- -------------------------------------------........... 15,918 6. GULF INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN APALACHEE BAY, FLA., AND THE MEXICAN BORDER (NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT') Location. The section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway with- in the New Orleans District extends from Lake Borgne Light No. 41, near the mouth of the Rigolets, to the Sabine River, La., and Tex. The section from Lake Borgne Light No. 41 to the Mississippi River follows the Rigolets and Lake Ponchartrain to the lake end of the State-owned Inner Harbor Navigation Canal, thence by way of this canal to the Mississippi River, a distance of 40.5 miles. By Public Law No. 675, 77th Congress, approved July 23, 1942, the project was modified to provide for a landcut through the marsh from the Rigolets to a point on the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal about 2.25 miles from the Mississippi River, eliminating passage through Lake Pontchartrain and five drawbridges, a distance of 30.8 miles to the Mississippi River by this route. From the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal to the entrance to Harvey lock, the route follows the Mississippi River for a distance of 5.5 miles. The section from the Mississippi River to Atchafalaya River, La., leaves the Mississippi River through Harvey lock about 3.3 miles above Canal Street and follows Harvey Canal No. 1 and Bayou Barataria to Bayou Villars, a landcut south of Lake Salva- dor to Harvey Canal No. 2, Harvey Canal No. 2 to Larose, La., and a landcut to Houma, La., thence over a landcut south of Bayou Black and Bayou Cocodrie, thence through Bayou Cocodrie and a landcut to Bayou Black; thence through Bayou Black, Bayou Chene, and Bayou Boeuf to the Atchafalaya River, about 0.5 mile south of Morgan City, La., a total distance of 95.5 miles. 584 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 An alternate connection with the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Algiers, La., about 10.3 miles below Harvey lock, con- sisting of a lock and landcut about 9 miles in length intersecting the Intracoastal Waterway at about mile 6, is now essentially com- pleted and has been in operation. An alternate route from the Mississippi River at Plaquemine, La. (113 miles above New Orleans), follows Bayou Plaquemine passing Indian Village, La., and continuing on through lower Grand River to and through a lock at Bayou Sorrel in the East Atchafalaya Basin protection levee, thence through the levee bor- row pit to Berwick Bay; and thence through Berwick Bay to Mor- gan City, La., a total distance of 56 miles. This alternate route is to be enlarged from the vicinity of Morgan City to Indian Village, La., and to be extended from Indian Village, La., through Bayou Grosse Tete and a new landcut to and through a new terminal lock and entrance channel to the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Port Allen, La., a total distance of 65 miles. The section from the Atchafalaya River to Vermilion River, La., begins at the western end of the Mississippi-Atchafalaya section and follows the Atchafalaya River about 2.5 miles, portions of Little Wax Bayou, Possum Bayou, cutoffs, a landcut passing through North Bend Plantation to Bayou Bartholomew; Bayou Bartholomew to Little Bay, a landcut skirting the north edge of Cote Blanche Island and the west edge of Weeks Island to Ver- milion River, about 24 miles below Abbeville, La., a total distance of about 63.6 miles. Franklin Canal, St. Mary Parish, La., extends southwesterly from Franklin, La., on Bayou Teche, for 5.15 miles to Bayou Portage, a section of "The Inland Waterway from Franklin to the Mermentau River, La.," and through the bayou for 0.75 mile to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, 121 miles west of Harvey lock. The section from Vermilion River to Mermentau River, La., begins at the western end of the Atchafalaya-Vermilion section and follows Vermilion River 1.3 miles, a part of the Schooner Bayou cutoff canal, and a landcut running in a general northwesterly direction to Mermentau River at a point about 0.5 mile above its entrance into Grand Lake and about 16 miles below the town of Lake Arthur, La., a total distance of about 42.7 miles. Vermilion lock has been constructed about 1.75 miles west of Vermilion River to prevent the ingress of salt water from Vermilion Bay. The section from Mermentau River to Calcasieu River, La., begins at the western end of the Vermilion-Mermentau section and follows the Mermentau River upstream for about 1.5 miles, a land- cut running in a west-southwesterly direction to Lake Misere, passing north of the lake and Bayou Misere, westerly to Sweet Lake, south and west of Sweet Lake, northwesterly to Bayou Tete Bois, through Bayou Tete Bois, Black Bayou and cutoffs to a point on Calcasieu River about 16.6 miles below the city of Lake Charles, La., a total distance of about 37.1 miles. Calcasieu lock has been constructed near the intersection of Cal- casieu River and Intracoastal Waterway, mile 238, Gulf section, .RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 585 Calcasieu Parish, approximately 16.6 miles below Lake Charles, La. The section from the Calcasieu River to Sabine River, La., and Tex., begins at the western end of the Mermentau-Calcasieu sec- tion, and follows the Calcasieu River upstream about 1.6 miles, a landcut running in a southwesterly direction 2.8 miles, thence west 22 miles to Sabine River at a point about 3 miles below Orange, Tex., a total distance of about 27.1 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 878-884, in- clusive; Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army Mississippi River Commis- sion alluvial valley map and Rigolets, Chef Menteur, St. Bernard, New Orleans, Barataria, Baton Rouge, Grosse Tete, Chicot Lake, Foster, Napoleonville, Morgan City, Belle Isle, Bayou Sale, Jean- erette, and Derouen quadrangle; U. S. Geological Survey maps, Cutoff, Houma, Gibson, Abbeville (southeast), Abbeville (south- west), Schooner Bayou (southeast), Schooner Bayou (southwest), Schooner Bayou (northeast), Schooner Bayou (northwest), Grand Lake East (northeast), Grand Lake East (northwest), Latania Lake, Lake Misere, Boudreaux Lake, Sweet Lake, Lake Charles, Moss Lake, Black Lake, Cameron Farms, and Phoenix Lake quadrangles; and navigation maps of Intracoastal Waterway, Port Arthur, Tex., to New Orleans, La.) Previous projects. Previous projects for the different sections of this improvement were adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: August 11, 1888; March 2, 1907; March 3, 1909; June 25, 1910; February 27, 1911; July 25, 1912; August 8, 1917; July 18, 1918; March 2, 1919; and September 22, 1922. For further details, see pages 878-895 of Annual Report for 1924. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 384.1 miles long which is 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide at mean low Gulf, except in the section between Lake Borgne Light No. 41 and New Orleans (via landcut through the marsh and Industrial Canal), 33.1 miles long, where a width of 150 feet is provided; an alter- nate route 9 feet deep by 100 feet wide between Lake Borgne Light No. 41 and New Orleans (via Rigolets, Lake Pontchartrain, and Industrial Canal), 40.5 miles long; an alternate connection with the Mississippi River below Algiers, 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide about 9 miles long; a channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide for the Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route from the Mississippi- Atchafalaya section of the waterway, in the vicinity of Morgan City, through Lower Atchafalaya River (Berwick Bay) and the borrow pit of the East Atchafalaya protection levee to and through Bayou Sorrel lock which was constructed under the existing proj- ect "Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries," thence through Lower Grand River to Indian Village, and thence by way of Bayou Grosse Tete and a new landcut to and through a new terminal lock and entrance channel to the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Port Allen, La., opposite the lower limit of the Port of Baton Rouge; a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Indian Village on the Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route through Bayou Plaquemine and Plaquemine lock to the Mississippi River at Plaquemine, La.; improvement of Franklin Canal as a 586 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 connecting channel from Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (mile 121) to Franklin, La., to afford a channel 8 feet deep and generally 60 feet wide with a width of 100 feet in its upper 300 feet; and a salt- water guard lock (Calcasieu lock) in the waterway at mile 238 west of Harvey lock. The project also provides for the following: Widening at bends; passing places; mooring basins; locks or guard locks; such railroad bridges over artificial cuts as are necessary; purchase of pipeline dredge; construction and operation of new drainage canals and pumping facilities to restore parish drainage systems where intercepted; construction of movable bridges at Missouri Pacific Railroad and State Highway Nos. 31 and 996 (in lieu of the State Highway Bridge No. 31, a tunnel was con- structed, and the additional cost over estimated cost of bridge was borne by local interests) ; fixed-trestle bridges for crossing of pro- posed landside drainage canals; lift bridges at Louisiana High- way No. 168, Port Allen, La., at Texas and Pacific Railway, Port Allen, La., and at Texas and Pacific Railway, Morley, La.; and for annual payments to the Board of Commissioners of the Port of New Orleans for use of a portion of the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal. The length of the waterway within the New Orleans Dis- trict is 384.1 miles via the northerly or Port Allen route; and 299.4 miles via the southerly or Harvey Canal route. Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide is about 10 inches and the extreme range is 14 inches. A severe storm may cause a high tide of from 6 to 9 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1956), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects is $57,950,000 divided as follows: Algiers lock and canal $14,900,000; Plaquemine-Morgan City Route $27,200,000; and the remainder of the waterway $15,850,700. Construction of bulkheads and jetties at Lake Borgne and Chef Menteur, La., is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this item was last revised in 1956 and estimated to be $440,000. The con- struction of a double-leaf bascule, four-lane highway bridge pro- vided for under this project has become unnecessary due to the fact that the portion of the project over which the bridge was to be constructed has been incorporated in the project "Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet" which provides for a larger bridge. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $2,000,000, including $820,000 for regular maintenance and $1,180,000 for operation and care of locks and dams and costs pertaining to use of necessary State-owned facilities in connection with the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal. Bayou Sorrel lock and Bayou Boeuf lock were constructed and are being maintained and operated with Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries, funds. Therefore, construction, mainte- nance, and operation costs are not included in the approved esti- mates referred to hereinbefore. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 587 Inner Harbor Navigation Canal lock Miles below New Orleans, La. (Canal St.) ... 2.9. Miles from Mississippi River_____________ 0.6. Width of chamber________________________75 feet. Length available for full width------------640 feet. Lift ----------------------------------- 0-17.4 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level... 31.5 feet Character of foundation _____- ____------Timber piles. Kind of dam_________________________ _ None. Type of construction --------------------- Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation ____________-___ February 1923. Cost (non-Federal) ---------------------- $8,648,492. Algiers lock Miles below New Orleans, La. (Canal St.) 7. Miles from Mississppi River_______________0.38. Width of chamber_____________-----__ _ 75 feet. Length available for full width _____________ 760 feet. Lift __ ---------------------------- 0-18 feet. Depth on sill at mean low Gulf level feet. 1--------3 Character of foundation ________________ Timber piles. Kind of dam---------------------------None. Type of construction ___--___----Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation April, 1956 Cost (estimated) ------------------------- $5,208,700. Harvey lock Miles above New Orleans, La. (Canal St.)___ 3.3. Miles from Mississippi River ___________ _ 0.13. Width of chamber----------------------- 75 feet. Length available for full width______________ 425 feet. Lift --------------- 0-19.6 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level--. 12 feet. Character of foundation___________________Timber piles. Kind of dam___________________________ None. Type of construction --------- Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation_----------------------- 1934 and completed 1935. Cost __--- _ __-- __ - -- $1,775,132. Calcasieu lock Miles below Lake Charles, La. 6.6. 1__--- Miles from Calcasieu River________________ 0.5. Width between abutments ---------------- 75 feet. Length available for full width ___________1,180 feet. Lift ------------------------------ --- 0-4 feet. Depth on sill at mean low Gulf level ....--. 13 feet. Character of foundation Concrete slab on preconsoli- dated stiff clay. Kind of dam --------------------------- None. Type of construction_______________________ Reinforced concrete gate bays with earth chamber. Opened to navigation_____________________ December 1950. Cost -------------------------------- $2,133,527. Plaquemine ock Miles above New Orleans, La. (Canal St.)___ 113. Miles from Mississippi River---------------0.10. Width of chamber_______------------- 55 feet. Length available for full width_____________ 260 feet. Lift ------------------------------------ 0-34 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level ... 10 feet. Character of foundation _________________ Timber piles. Kind of dam------------------------ None. Type of construction Concrete. Completed and opened to navigation- 1909. Cost _-----------------------------------$1,302,006. 588 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Bayou Sorrel lock Miles from New Orleans, La. (Canal St.): Via Plaquemine lock 31. 1----------------- Via Harvey lock---------------------135. Miles from Mississippi River via Plaquemine lock _-- 18. Width of chamber----------------------- 56 feet. Length available for full width------------- 760 feet. Lift _----------------------------------- 0-21 feet. Depth on sill at mean low Gulf level 1---------4.0 Character of foundation------------------Timber piles. Type of construction__--------------------- Reinforced concrete gate bays with earth chamber. Opened to navigation--------------------June 1951. Completed------------------------------ October 1952. Cost _________-- $4,700,948. Vermilion lock Miles from Abbeville, La.----------------- 26. Miles from Vermilion River---------------1.75. Width between abutments----------------56 feet. Length available for full width 1,182 feet. Lift _______________ 0-5 feet, either direction. Depth on gate at mean low Gulf level ------. 11.3 feet. Character of foundation------------------Timber piles. Kind of dam ---------- Reinforced concrete spillway dam, vertical cast steel gates, timber-pile founda- tion. Type of construction---------------------Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation_ 1933 and completed 1934. Cost ------------------------------------- $330,765. Bayou Boeuf lock Miles from New Orleans, La. (Canal St.): Via Harvey lock--------------------- 96.6. Via Plaquemine lock_ ------------ 170.0. Miles from Mississippi River via Plaquemine lock _ _______-______ 56.7. Width between abutments _ -- 75 feet. Length available for full width- ___ 1,160 feet. Lift __________ ______ 0-11.3 feet. Depth on sill at mean low Gulf level -- ----- 13 feet. Character of foundation Concrete slab on medium to stiff clay. Type of construction--- Reinforced concrete gate bays with earth chamber. Opened to navigation .... - September 1954. Cost (estimated) _ - _ $2,754,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 589 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1925 Construction of waterway from New Orleans, La., H. Doc. 238, 68th Cong., 1st sess. to Galveston Bay, Tex. Jan. 21,1927 Extension of waterway to Corpus Christi, Tex.__.. Do. July 3, 1930 A channel 100 feet wide and 9 feet deep from Lake H. Doc. 341, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Pontchartrain to Mississippi Sound. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. July 23, 1942 Enlargement of waterway from 100 feet wide and 9 UH. Doc. 96, 79th Cong., 1st sess.; feet deep to 125 feet wide and 12 feet deep, from H. Doc. 230, 76th Cong., 1st sess.2 Apalachee Bay, Fla., to Corpus Christi, Tex., and its extension to the vicinity of the Mexican border, except between Mobile Bay, Ala., and New Or- leans, La., where the width shall be 150 feet; and for rental of Inner Harbor Navigation Canal facilities. Mar. 2, 1945 Alternate connection with the Mississippi River in S, Doc. 188, 78th Cong., 2d sess. the vicinity of Algiers at New Orleans. July 24, 1946 Enlargement and extension of the Plaquemine-Mor- S. Doc. 242, 79th Cong., 2d sess. gan City route from the Mississippi-Atchafalaya section of the waterway, in the vicinity of Morgan City, to and through a new terminal lock and en- trance channel to the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Port Allen, opposite the lower limit of the Port of Baton Rouge. Do- .... Restoration, improvement, and maintenance of the S. Doc. 189, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Franklin Canal as a terminal branch channel, 8 feet deep and 60 feet wide, from its confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to Franklin, La. Do-...... A salt water guard lock in the waterway at mile 238 S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess. west of Harvey lock. 1 PermanentAppropriation Repeal Act. 2Not mentioned in authorizing act. Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation for the work performed by the United States have been complied with. Rights-of-way for the waterway from Port Allen to Morgan City are being conveyed to the United States through the local cooperat- ing agency as required for construction. Terminal facilities. The terminals at New Orleans which are most generally used by Intracoastal Waterway traffic are those controlled by the State of Louisiana on the Inner Harbor Naviga- tion Canal. Since April 1, 1944, the portion from the Mississippi River to its intersection with the New Orleans-Rigolets section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway has been under lease to the United States and is now operated by the United States, toll free, 24 hours per day. Except for the terminal facilities at New Orleans, facilities are in general confined to privately owned piers, wharves, or oil docks. At Morgan City on the Atchafalaya River there are 2 large and 3 small wharves open to all without charge. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. a. New work by hired labor: (1) For the Algiers lock and canal: Acquisition of rights-of-way, engineering and design, preparation of plans and specifications, borings and measurements, cross sections and maps, condition check of structure along Algiers navigation canal, pre- paration of maintenance manuals for Plaquemines pumping sta- tion, and miscellaneous inspections were carried on with costs of $78,531. Expansion joint repairs, construction of levee gap clo-. sures, repairs to drains, raising guard light, repairing light stand- 590 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ard, and uncovering submarine cable, commenced in previous fiscal year, were completed by hired labor during this fiscal year. Dur- ing this fiscal year hired labor unwatered Algiers lock and cor- rected vibration of the gates; shaped and dressed Algiers naviga- tion canal levees; provided wavewash protection for the canal, and installed protective works at highway bridge 1509; constructed trash collector at Plaquemines pumping station; removed waste weir from levee; constructed mooring clusters in turning basin at Algiers lock; constructed channel markers in navigation canal from Algiers lock to Bayou Barataria; backfilled Augusta canal; excavated cut across Algiers canal; and removed vegetation from existing drainage canals, at a cost of $380,686. Costs for mainte- nance during standby period at Plaquemines pumping station amounted to $22,100. (2) For the Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route. Office of the Division Engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Division, car- ried on engineering and design of Port Allen lock, and the Water- ways Experiment Station continued laboratory soil tests, founda- tion design, construction of model, and model tests of local hy- draulic characteristics. Hired labor carried on real estate activi- ties, programming, borings and piezometer work, hydraulic studies, preparation of plans and specifications for dredging, other inspection services, and preparation of negotiations on utilities. Costs for this work were $219,477. b. New work by contract. (1) Alternate connection in the vicinity of Algiers, La., also known as the Algiers lock and canal: The reimbursable contract with the State of Louisiana, Depart- ment of Highways, for highway relocations, including vehicular tunnel and necessary bridges, was completed on April 5, 1956, when construction of the 3.25 miles of Barataria Road was com- pleted. Construction of Belle Chasse vehicular tunnel was com- pleted on February 15, 1956. Work on both these contracts had been initiated in the previous fiscal year. Lump sum, reimbursable contracts were entered into with the Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Co. for alteration of their facilities across Algiers lock and canal near Belle Chasse, which is 87 percent complete, and alteration of their facilities across Algiers lock and canal near Donner Canal, which contract is 52 percent complete. Lump sum, reimbursable contracts were entered into with the Louisiana Power and Light Co. for alteration of their facilities crossing the canal at State Highway C-1460 near Belle Chasse which was completed on March 21, 1956; for alteration of their facilities along Highway 31, which contract was completed on April 16, 1956; and for alteration of their facilities across Algiers lock and canal at State Highway 996, which was initiated in prev- ious fiscal year and completed on September 29, 1956. The costs for these relocation contracts were $961,278. The continuing contract for levee gap closures, slide repairs, and raising low levees, commenced in previous fiscal year, was com- pleted on February 3, 1956, with 321,964 cubic yards of fill placed, this fiscal year in constructing 1.67 miles of gap closures, 0.2 mile RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 591 of slide repairs, and raising 0.2 mile of low levees in west levee, and constructing 1.38 miles of gap closures and 0.05 mile of slide repairs in east levee. During the period October 31 to December 31, 1955, the levees of Algiers navigation canal were enlarged by placing 46,662 cubic yards of material in constructing approximately 0.5 mile of west approach and 0.52 mile of east approach levees by contract. Approximately 144,718 cubic yards were placed in constructing 2.38 miles of gap closures in east levee and 0.75 mile in west levee; constructing 0.13 mile of cross dike and raising approximately 0.9 mile of low spots in both east and west levees. This work was accomplished by contract during the period September 21 to December 22, 1955. The contract dredge Natchez removed plugs from Algiers navi- gation canal during the period December 10, 1955, to March 21, 1956, when 459,654 cubic yards were removed from the forebay over a distance of 0.57 mile and 121,094 cubic yards from the tail- bay over a distance of 0.45 mile and 111,475 cubic yards from Barataria "Y" channel over a distance of 0.30 mile of north and 0.06 mile of south channels. The costs for these levee and dredging contracts were $628,635. Construction of guidewall closure, cistern repairs, and discharge weir, commenced by contract in previous fiscal year, was com- pleted on September 10, 1955, and painting of sector gates was ac- complished by contract during the period November 2 to December 21, 1955, with costs for both contracts amounting to $54,792. Delayed costs on contracts completed in previous fiscal year amounted to $350. (2) Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route: Dredging of the portion of Port Allen canal between miles 8.6 and 11.9 commenced on November 23, 1955, and was completed on May 26, 1956, when approximately 2,708,284 cubic yards had been removed by drag- line. Dredging between miles 40.0 and 43.5 commenced on March 16, 1956, and 701,955 cubic yards were removed in completing 0.628 mile of the channel. The costs for this work were $376,615. In addition, delayed costs for dredging mile 11.9 to mile 17.0, com- pleted in the fiscal year 1955, were $10,723. Construction of a field office commenced on April 30, 1956, and is substantially complete. The costs for this work were $17,731. Under reimbursable agreement entered into with the Texas and Pacific Railway Co., for the alteration of their facilities, a con- tract was awarded for construction of the railroad bridge at Morley, and work commenced on August 15, 1955. Clearing and grubbing, access road, structure excavation, temporary railroad detour, and pile driving in footing of east and west abutments have been completed. Footing for six piers, shaft for five piers, and wings for west abutment have been poured. Plans and speci- fications for bridge at Port Allen, La. are being prepared by the Texas and Pacific Railway Co. Plans and specifications for the alteration of State Highway 168 and rearrangement of State High- way 30, are being prepared by the Louisiana Department of High- ways. The costs for these relocations were $392,368. 592 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Reimbursable agreements have been entered into and work is in progress on relocations of the facilities of Point Coupee Electric Membership Corp., the Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Co., and the Interstate Oil Pipe Line Co. The costs in connection with the relocation of these facilities were $12,966. Negotiations are in progress for relocating telephone and telegraph facilities, the Solvay Process Division Brine line, the Gulf States Utilities Power- lines, and the Union Producing Company flow lines. Maintenance by hired labor: Surveys, drafting, engineering and design, plans and specifications, reconnaissance surveys, non- cooperative stream gaging, miscellaneous investigations and in- spections, economic justification report, predredging surveys, and acquisition of rights-of-way were carried on with costs of $180,602. Repairing of fender system of Inner Harbor navigation canal; repairing of Florida Avenue Bridge piers; repairing of southwest cluster and fender of Paris Road Bridge; maintenance dredging of Harvey yard boat pen by excavating approximately 5,000 cubic yards by dragline; construction of bank protection on east bank of Harvey Canal No. 1 by placing 6,200 cubic yards of earthfill, 468 cubic yards of shell, and 1,350 tons of quarry stone; removing 4,043 snags from banks of Intracoastal Waterway; performance of wheel wash operations at Plaquemines lock; and repairing of asphalt pavement at the Southern Shellfish Co., by placing approxi- mately 260 tons of asphalt; and construction of asphalt protection at the Harvey lock forebay by placing approximately 1,945 tons of asphalt, were carried on with costs of $111,732. Purchase of water pump for Calcasieu lock; of machinery and motors for Harvey lock; of a generator and a new gate for Ver- milion lock, amounted to $34,296. Operating and care: The locks were operated throughout the fiscal year. The locks, grounds, and structures were maintained in good condition and all necessary and routine work thereon per- formed by hired labor at the following costs: Calcasieu lock-- - $86, 155 Harvey lock- --- - 166, 117 Inner Harbor navigation canal lock-__-- 190, 197 Plaquemine lock 106, 912 Vermilion lock 96, 949 Algiers lock............. ... 40, 794 Total 687, 124 The cost of operating the Paris Road pontoon bridge and the Florida Avenue Bridge was $75,403; the cost of operating the Orleans and Plaquemines pumping stations was $104,872. Maintenance by contract: During the period January 17 to June 18, 1956, maintenance dredging was accomplished in the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway as follows: Mississippi River-Atcha- falaya River section, mile 1.7 to mile 5.8: Dredge Tchefuncta, 213.06 stations; Vermilion River-Mermentau River section, mile 172.5 to mile 178.9, dredge Tchefuncta, 23.6 stations, and dredge Plaquemine, 131 stations; Mermentau River-Calcasieu River sec- tion, mile 220 to mile 224.9, and mile 230.5 to mile 235.8, dredge RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 593 Tchefuncta, 538 stations, and dredge Natchez, 182.9 stations. During the period May 3 to 23, 1956, the dredge Natchez re- moved 296,193 cubic yards from Wax Lake Crossover in vicinity of mile 107.8, Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, over a distance of 0.52 mile. The costs for these dredging contracts were $315,839. Reroofing of buildings at the Inner Harbor navigation canal lock was initiated on June 5, 1956, and is 42 percent complete. Approximately 174,310 cubic yards of shoaled material were re- moved by the leased dredge Pontchartrainas follows with costs of $83,177 : Inner Harbor navigation canal forebay and tailbay $121, 440 Harvey lock forebay __ _ 31,970 Plaquemine lock forebay - 20, 900 Costs incidental to lease for use of Inner Harbor navigation canal facilities were $252,238. Deferred charges for contracts completed in previous fiscal year amounted to $42,358, and costs for deferred items on this project amounted to minus $56,177. The total costs during the fiscal year (all funds) were $4,987,716, of which $3,156,252 was for new work; $964,065 maintenance; and $867,399 for operating and care. 'Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, as modified by River and Harbor Acts approved March 2, 1945, and July 24, 1946, is 55 percent complete. Plaquemine lock was completed in 1909; its reservation com- prises 19 acres. Vermilion lock was completed in 1934; the ground on which it is constructed is possessed by the United States under an easement deed to a strip of land 300 feet wide along the Intra- coastal Waterway. Harvey lock was completed in 1935; the reservation comprises 3.3 acres. Inner Harbor Navigation Canal lock was leased by the United States from the Board of Commis- sioners of the Port of New Orleans effective April 1, 1944. Bayou Sorrel lock, constructed with funds for Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries, and located in the East Atchafalya Basin protection levee, was opened to navigation June 4, 1951, and com- pleted October 1, 1952. The lock is used as part of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway alternate route from Plaquemine, La., to Morgan City, La. Bayou Boeuf lock, also constructed with funds for Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries, and located in the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway at Morgan City, was opened to navigation September 2, 1954. Calcasieu lock, which was opened to navigation on December 18, 1950, was physically completed on April 25, 1952. Dredging of the canal, except for the work authorized under River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1945, and July 24, 1946, was commenced on December 19, 1942, and completed on June 9, 1944. Dredging Franklin Canal to an interim 8- by 50-foot section was completed during the period July 26, 1949, to March 14, 1950. The alternate connection below Algiers, with new lock, is ap- proximately 98 percent complete at a cost of $14,535,900, with relocation of portions of the Southern Bell Telephone and Tele- 594 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 graph Co. and Louisiana Power and Light Co. facilities, relocation of New Orleans and Lower Coast Railroad, and minor items re- maining to complete the project. The Belle Chasse vehicular tun- nel was opened to traffic on February 15, 1956; the first train crossed the vertical-lift bridge of the New Orleans and Lower Coast Railroad on February 24, 1956; and the canal was opened to navigation on April 27, 1956. The Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route on which con- struction commenced on February 19, 1955, is 7 percent completed, with that portion of the Port Allen canal between miles 8.6 and 17 completed and the construction of the railroad bridge at Morley 30 percent complete. Relocation of utilities has been accom- plished to avoid delays in construction. Plans and specifications for the lock will be completed for ad- vertising about August 15, 1956; for the railroad bridge at Port Allen about October 15, 1956; and for four-lane highway bridge for State Highway No. 168 about September 1, 1956. The costs to date were $1,912,294, all for new work. Work remaining to complete the project, other than that neces- sary to complete the Algiers alternate connection and the Plaque- mine-Morgan City alternate route, consists of: Lake Borgne Light No. 41 to the Mississippi River section: The construction of bulkheads and jetties at Lake Borgne and Chef Menteur, La., if found necessary; Atchafalaya River to the Vermilion River sec- tion: Completion of Franklin Canal and other minor items. In June 1956, project depths obtained from Lake Borgne Light No. 41 to Sabine River, except at mile 155 where the channel dimen- sions are 12 feet by 98 feet; (December 1955), between Bayou Grossetete and Morgan City, there is a depth of 9 feet over widths of 66 to 100 feet, except for a shoal, approximately 100 feet long, located between miles 22 to 23. The controlling depth of the Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route is 6 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year (all funds) were $52,825,870, of which $31,881,622 was for new work (including $353,541, public works funds, and $330,370, contributed funds), $11,625,051 for maintenance, and $9,319,196 (excluding $521,485, costs for works of improvement under pro- visions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such pur- pose) for operation and care of locks and bridges. In addition, the sum of $521,485 was expended between January 1, 1927, and and June 30, 1935, on the operating and care of works of improve- ment under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropria- tion for such purpose. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 595 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 2 8 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........ $4,366,543 $60,000 $35,000 $750,000 $2,736,000 $37,131,371 1,213,992 2,969,426 1,949,887 3,137,799 3,156,252 Cost----................. 36,202,320 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 1,544,913 1,573,728 1,882,563 1,648,600 1,731,463 22,044,765 Cost-._--.---..-. 1,832,567 1,834,179 1,974,756 1,636,436 1,831,464 21,947,455 1Includes $4,320,698 for new work; $454,259 for maintenance; and $548,948 for operating and care for previous projects. 2 Included in these totals are $353,541 N.I.R.A. funds (new work), $1,070,433 permanent indefinite appro- priation and $75,000 from appropriation for maintenance and operation of dams and other improvements of navigable waters. 8In addition, contributed funds in amount of $295,267 and advance funds of $35,103 were expended for new work. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ $320, 894 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---------------------------------------------- _4, 4,55 1957 535, 000 0 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____------------------ ------ 4, 855, 894 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------------_ 21, 145, 027 7. INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY FROM THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER TO BAYOU TECHE, LA. Location. This waterway extends in a westerly direction from the Mississippi River, at or near Harvey, La., to Bayou Teche, La., above Morgan City. This route follows the Harvey Canal No. 1, and Bayou Barataria from the Mississippi River to Lake Salvador; thence across Lake Salvador; thence through Harvey Canal No. 2 to Bayou Lafourche and up this bayou to Lockport; thence through the Company Canal to Bayou Terrebonne and up this bayou to the vicinity of Houma; thence through a landcut to Bayou Black; thence along Bayou Black, Bayou Chene, and Bayou Boeuf to Morgan City; thence up the Atchafalaya River to the mouth of Bayou Teche, a total distance qf 115 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1116; U. S. Geological Survey maps, New Orleans, East Bertrandville, Lake Cataouatche East, Bara- taria, Cutoff, Houma, and Gibson quadrangles; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map, and Morgan City and Belle Isle quadrangles; and navigation maps of Intra- coastal Waterway and Atchafalaya River system.) Existing project. This provides for a waterway from the Mis- sissippi River to Bayou Teche having a depth of 5 feet below mean low Gulf level and a bottom width of 40 feet, with appropriate side slopes. This project has been largely superseded by the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (New Orleans District). Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide is about 10 inches, and the ex- treme range about 14 inches. A severe storm may cause a high tide of from 6 to 9 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1922) is $875,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- 596 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 nance is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. 610, 63d Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is printed opposite page 2401 of the Annual Report for 1920. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. On Bayou Terrebonne, at Houma, there are several small privately owned wharves. On the Atchafalaya River at Morgan City there are two large and three small wharves open to all without charge and there are several private wharves. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces placed 74 tons of riprap for bank protection of Bayou Terrebonne and Company Canal at Bourg, La., during the period January 9 to 13, 1956, at a cost of $1,796 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. This project has not been completed and has been superseded for most of its length by the present 12- by 125-foot Gulf Intracoastal Waterway which coin- cides with or parallels it. Only those sections of the project which are used for navigation are being maintained. The total costs were $11,669, all for maintenance. All costs and expenditures incurred prior to July 1, 1939, are reported under previous projects of the Gulf Intracoastal Water- way between Apalachee Bay, Fla., and the Mexican Border (New Orleans District). Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Mainetnance: Appropriated _ _____ ------------ $3,506 -.......-----------.. $2, 796 11,669 Cost.----------------- ----------------------- 3,506 -1,796 11,669 8. THE INLAND WATERWAY FROM FRANKLIN TO THE MERMENTAU RIVER, LA. Location. The canal extends from Hanson lock on Bayou Teche through Hanson Canal and Bayou Portage to the Intracoastal Waterway, and along the Intracoastal Waterway to mile 161, west of Vermilion Bay. The total length of the waterway is 26.8 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1116; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map, and Foster, Bayou Sale, Jeanerette, and Derouen quadrangles; U. S. Geological Survey maps, Abbeville (southeast), and Abbeville (southwest.) Existing project. This project, as modified by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), provides for a waterway from Bayou Teche at or near Franklin, La., to the western end of Vermilion Bay, having a depth of 5 feet below mean low Gulf and a bottom width of 40 feet, with appropriate side slopes; also the purchase of the Hanson Canal. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 597 This project, reported in the Annual Report for 1924 under the headings, Intracoastal Waterway, Franklin to Mermentau, La., and Intracoastal Waterway from Vermilion River to Schooner Bayou, La., has been superseded for most of its length by the project "Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (New Orleans District)." The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), authorized the incorporation of the exist- ing project "Inland Waterway from Franklin, La., to the Mermen- tau River," west of Vermilion Bay, in the modified Flood Control, General, project "Mermentau River, La." Under ordinary condi- tions the mean range of tides is about 10 inches and the extreme range about 14 inches. A severe storm may cause a high tide of from 6 to 9 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1950) is $125,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $5,000. Data regarding the lock are as follows: Hanson lock Miles from Franklin, La.-_ 1.5. Miles from Bayou Teche- 0. Width of chamber - ------ 26.5 feet. Length available for full width- 937 feet. Lift __-_-_ 0-5 feet. Depth on miter sill at low water ............. 5 feet. Character of foundation__ Timber piles. Kind of dam --- _--- None. Type of construction --------------------- Concrete buttresses, wooden miter gates, earth-lock chamber. Completed 907. Operated by the United 1------------------------------ States since 1923. Cost ----------- $65,000, including 4.1 miles of canal. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 The general project (waterway from Franklin to the H. Doc. 640, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Mermentau River, La.). Mar. 3, 1909 fAuthorized the Secretary of War to make such Feb. 27, 1911 { changes in location of channel as might be desirable. July 25, 1912 Authorized the purchase of the so-called Hanson Canal between Bayou Teche and Cote Blanche Bay, at a cost not to exceed $65,000. Mar. 2, 1919 Construction of the Schooner Bayou Cutoff--........ H. Doc. 1336, 62d Cong., 3d sess. (contains latest published maps). June 26, 19341 Inclusion of operation and care of locks in project provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. July 24, 1946 The incorporation of the existing project west of Ver- milion Bay in the modified project "Mermentau S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess. River, La." 1Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs in the amount of $2,355, operating and care, were incurred for maintenance of Hanson lock. Normally the gates are left in an open position and are operated only as required. 598 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was considered com- plete prior to the modification by the River and Harbor Act ap- proved July 24, 1946, which provided for channel enlargement and realinement from Vermilion Bay to White Lake and from White Lake to Grand Lake; for channel enlargement of North Prong of Schooner Bayou and for construction of a gated control structure in the new channel near Schooner Bayou lock, and the incorpora- tion of the existing project "Inland Waterway from Franklin to the Mermentau River, La.," west of Vermilion Bay, in the modified Flood Control, General, project "Mermentau River, La." The Hanson Canal and lock were acquired on October 16, 1923; the lockmaster's house was completed in 1924; and was moved to Ber- wick lock during the period August 27 to October 26, 1951. The United States property on which the lock is situated is a strip of land 300 feet wide between parallel lines running from Bayou Teche to Bayou Portage, containing 148 acres. Dredging from Vermilion Bay to the Mermentau River was completed in 1912. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf (October 1955); were: From Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Cutoff Canal, 7 feet; to Schooner Bayou lock, 13 feet; to White Lake, 14 feet; over bar in White Lake, 4 feet; White Lake to Grand Lake (new cut) (Colli- con Lake), 8 feet; and over bar in Grand Lake, 4 feet. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $795,704, of which $249,052 was for new work, $137,262 for maintenance, and $409,390 was for operating and care. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .......--------..------............... --------------------- ------------ ------------ $249,052 Cost--------------------------------- -------------------------------- ---- 249,052 Maintenance: Appropriated_------- -$1,000 .....---------- $2,000 $1,500 $2,200 546,669 Cost----------------- 1,572 $1,900 1,873 1,831 2,355 546,652 1Includes $165,299 from permanent indefinite appropriation for operating and care. 9. BAYOUS LA LOUTRE, ST. MALO, AND YSCLOSKEY, LA. Location. From their common head at the small settlement of Yscloskey, Bayou La Loutre flows southeasterly for 29.4 miles to Eloi Bay, and Bayou Yscloskey northeasterly for 2.2 miles to Lake Borgne. Bayou St. Malo leaves Bayou La Loutre at mile 19.4 flowing northwesterly 6.5 miles to Lake Borgne. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1270 and 1271, and U. S. Geological Survey maps, Shell Beach, Lake Eloi, Lake Eugenie, and Morgan Harbor quadrangles.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 5 feet deep and 40 feet wide from deep water in Lake Borgne to the shoreline at the mouth of Bayou Yscloskey; a channel 6 feet deep and 40 feet wide from deep water in Lake Borgne through Bayous St. Malo, La Loutre, and Eloi to deep water in Lake Eloi; and a channel 5 feet RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 599 deep and 30 feet wide in Bayou La Loutre between Hopedale and Bayou St. Malo, the total length of the improvements being 30.0 miles. The normal tide variation is about 1 foot. Hurricane tides, 6 feet above normal, have been reported. The cost of constructing the project, completed in fiscal year 1956, was $96,916. The latest (1955) approved estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 275, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (S. Doc. 116, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project docu- ment. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces accomplished acquisition of rights-of-way and preparation of plans and specifications for dredging Bayou LaLoutre between Hopedale and Bayou St. Malo at a cost of $6,309 for new work, and carried on reconnaissance surveys and inspection services at a cost of $757 for maintenance. During the period January 9 to May 19, 1956, improvement dredging was performed in Bayou LaLoutre between Hopedale and Bayou St. Malo, miles 21.3 to 14.8, with 351 stations excavated, and maintenance dredging was performed in the same stream between miles 2.9 to 6.47 and 9.62 to 14.8, when approximately 488 stations were excavated, all by dragline. Under the same contract the dredge Harvey removed shoaled material from approximately 50 stations of the St. Malo bar channel. Costs on this contract amounted to $46,987 for new work and $81,754 for maintenance. The total costs during the fiscal year were $135,807, of which $53,296 was for new work and $82,511 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. All construction authorized under the project was completed on May 19, 1956. Project dimensions obtained throughout the waterway (June 1956). The total costs under the project to the end of the fiscal year were $252,847, of which $96,916 was for new work and $155,931 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -- --------------------------------- ------------ $60,000 $97,600 Cost---- ------------------------------------------------- 53,296 96,916 Maintenance: Appropriated_-------_----------------.......- _- $17,500 82,214 155,943 Cost---------- ------------------------------------ 17,191 82,511 155,931 600 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 10. MISSISSIPPI RIVER, BATON ROUGE TO THE GULF OF MEXICO, LA. Location. The Mississippi River between Baton Rouge and the Gulf of Mexico flows in a general southeasterly direction through the southeastern portion of the State of Louisiana. At the Head of Passes, 233.1 miles below the Louisiana Highway Commission bridge at Baton Rouge, the river is broken up into 3 main passes: Southwest Pass, South Pass, and Pass a Loutre, 2 of which, South- west Pass and South Pass, are improved under the existing project. The distances from Head of Passes to the mouths of Southwest and South Passes are 20.1 miles and 13.5 miles, respectively. The mouth of Southwest Pass is 141 miles west of Mobile, Ala., and 349 miles east of Galveston, Tex. The mouth of South Pass is 18.5 miles northeast of the mouth of Southwest Pass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1269, 1271, and 1272; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map and Zachary, Baton Rouge, White Castle, Donaldsonville, Thibodaux, Mount Airy, Bonnet Carre, Hahnville, New Orleans, St. Bernard, Barataria, Pointe a la Hache, Black Bay, Empire, Forts, West Delta, East Delta, and Southwest Pass quadranges and Folio of Flood Control and Navigation Maps, Mississippi River, Cairo, Ill. to Gulf of Mexico, La., published by the president, Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army.) Previous projects. Previous projects for the different sections of this improvement were adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: July 4, 1836; March 3,,1837; August 30, 1852; July 8, 1856; and January 21, 1927. For further details, see page 1847, Annual Report for 1915; page 724, Annual Report for 1937; and pages 767 and 775, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for channel dimensions as follows: Between a line one-half mile below the Louisiana Highway Commission bridge at Baton Rouge and the upper port limits of New Orleans, a distance of 128.6 miles, 35 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 500 feet. Within the limits of the port of New Orleans, where that author- ity has jurisdiction over both banks of the river, a distance of 17.2 miles, 35 feet deep (mean low Gulf) and a maximum width of 1,500 feet, measured from a line generally 100 feet from the face of the left-bank wharves, but not closer than 100 feet to wharves on the right bank. From the lower limits of the port of New Orleans to the Head of Passes, a distance of 86.7 miles, 40 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 1,000 feet wide. Southwest Pass from Head of Passes to the outer ends of the jetties, a distance of 20.1 miles, 40 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 800 feet wide. Southwest Pass bar, 40 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 600 feet wide. South Pass from Head of Passes to the outer ends of the jetties, a distance of 13.5 miles, 30 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 450 feet wide. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 601 South Pass bar, 30 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 600 feet wide. The general plan of improvement of Southwest Pass provides for contracting the pass to uniform cross section with approximately 1,420-foot surface width by means of jetties, spur dikes, and bulk- heads; for channel improvement by dredging and retaining the dredged material between the dikes, bulkheads, and jetties; for dredging a channel through the outer bar inclining to the left of the jetty axis; for the construction of small revetted openings through the narrow portions of the banks of the pass for purpose of strengthening these banks; for closure of minor outlets not re- quired for maintenance of the banks; for the construction of sills to prevent the enlargement of the Jump and Cubits Gap; for dredg- ing to elevation minus 40 feet in the river at Head of Passes, as far as Cubits Gap, a distance of 3.5 miles; for repairs to sill across Pass a Loutre and bank revetment at Head of Passes; for construc- tion of dikes with a view to reducing the width of the river above Head of Passes; for the construction of a submerged deflecting dike above the Head of Passes; and for other minor work. The east jetty is approximately 24,950 feet in length and the west jetty 19,699 feet. The jetties are composed of a substructure of brush mattresses, originally built to about the elevation of mean low water, surmounted with a superstructure of concrete and large riprap. Spur dikes are composed of cribwork of round pil- ing filled with willows and stone, or with a curtain of round piles along the upstream face. The general plan of improvement of South Pass provides for the construction and maintenance of jetties and spur dikes; mainte- nance of a sill across Pass a Loutre; for dredging a channel 40 feet deep and no specified width through the shoals of the river between Cubits Gap and Head of Passes, 3.5 miles, and for seaward exten- sion of east jetty at mouth of pass; removal of west dike and con- struction of spur dikes and bank revetment at Head of Passes; removal of false point at the head of South Pass to bottom elevation of minus 45 feet and revetment of new bank line. The east jetty foundation is 12,070 feet long; the inner east jetty is 11,170 feet long; the west jetty is 7,820 feet long; and the inner west jetty is 4,710 feet long. The jetties are composed of a substructure of brush mattresses surmounted by a superstructure of stone and concrete. Spur dikes are composed of a cribwork of round piling filled with willows and stone. The plane of reference is mean low Gulf level. Variation of water surface is 16 miles at the mouths and 10 inches at the heads of the passes, due to tides. The extreme range of tides at the mouths of the passes due to storms is about 28 inches. At New Orleans the extreme range of water surface is about 20 feet due to floods. At Baton Rouge the extreme range is about 45 feet due to floods. The project, as amended, provides for a seaway navigation canal connection between the Mississippi River at New Orleans, La. and the Gulf of Mexico as follows: a. A seaway canal, 36 feet deep and 500 feet wide, extending 70 miles as a land and water cut from Micheaud southeasterly to 602 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Lake Borgne, and across Chandeleur Sound to the 38-foot contour in the Gulf of Mexico, with protective jetties, a permanent reten- tion dike through Chandeleur Sound, and a wing dike along the islands as required. b. An inner tidewater harbor consisting of a 1,000- by 2,000-foot turning basin 36 feet deep at the landward end of the seaway canal, and a connecting channel 36 feet deep and 500 feet wide extending westerly along the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway from the turning basin to the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal. The existing project for Mississippi River, Baton Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico, La., was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1875 Authorized James B. Eads and associates to create Specified in acts. June 19, 1878 and maintain a wide and deep channel, South Mar. 3,1879 Pass. June 6, 19001 For maintenance by the United States and the ap- Do. propriation of not exceeding $100,000 annually for that purpose, South Pass. June 13, 1902 For a navigable channel in Southwest Pass of 35-foot H. Doc. 329, 56th Cong., 1st sess., depth, the details of the work subject to modifica- and Annual Report, 1900, p. 2287. tion at the discretion of the Secretary of War. May 28, 1908 Dredging shoals between Head of Passes and Cubits Specified in act. Gap. For dredging in the river .......------- Do. Do....... Removal of west dike and construction of spur dikes Report by Board of Engineer offi- and bank revetment at Head of Passes. cers (Annual Report, 1916, pp. 2420-2426). Mar. 3, 1909 Provision made for increasing the plant by the addi- Specified in acts. tion of a large dredge. (2) Further contraction of the lower mile of the jetty Interim report of board on revised channel in Southwest Pass to a width of 1,420 feet plan for navigation structures, by means of dikes, and removal of the sill across Cubits Gap to the mouth of the the head of South Pass. Passes, Oct. 20, 1934. Removal of the sill across the head of South Pass .- Do. June 26, 1934 For continuing maintenance operations with funds Permanent Appropriations Re- from regular annual War Department appropria- peals Act. tions, South Pass. (8) Spur dikes at the head of Southwest Pass and the Second interim report of board on construction of new dikes and extension of existing revised plan for navigation struc- dikes on the east bank of the Mississippi River at tures, Cubits Gap to the mouths Pilottown, La. of the Passes, July 12, 1935. (4) Additional spur dikes at the head of Southwest Pass Final report of board on revised and construction of new dikes and extension of plan for navigation structures, existing dikes in the lower jetty channel, South- Cubits Gap to the mouths of the west Pass. Passes, Dec. 20, 1935. June 20, 1938 Channel 35 feet deep at mean low water and 1,000 feet H. Doc. 597, 75th Cong., 3d sess. wide, Head of Passes to upper limits of the port of New Orleans; 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide to a line 4-mile below river bridge at Baton Rouge, except that within the limits of the port of New Orleans the channel shall be 1,500 feet wide. (5) Dredging in Mississippi River between Cubits Gap Interim report of board of officers and Head of Passes to bottom elevation of 55 feet appointed to determine what and construction of bank control structures and work may be advisable to com- channel correction dredging in Southwest Pass be- plete the existing project for low mile 10. Southwest Pass, Mississippi River* * *; dated June 10, 1938. (6) Improvement at the head of South Pass by removal Do. of the false point at this locality to a bottom eleva- tion of at least 45 feet, including revetment of the new bank ilne. See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 603 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1945 Combines projects of Mississippi River, Baton H. Doc. 215, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Rouge to New Orleans, Mississippi River, South (contains latest published map). Pass, and Southwest Pass, adding thereto project for Mississippi River from New Orleans to Head of Passes, to provide a single project "Mississippi River, Baton Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico," with channel dimensions as follows: Baton Rouge to New Orleans, 35 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 500 feet wide; port limits of New Orleans, 35 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 1,500 feet wide; New -)rleans to Head of Passes, 40 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 1,000 feet wide; Southwest Pass, 40 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 800 feet wide; Southwest Pass Bar Channel, 40 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 600 feet wide; South Pass, 30 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 450 feet wide; South Pass Bar Channel, 30 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 600 feet wide. Mar. 29, 1956 Provides for the construction of a seaway canal 36 H. Doc. 245, 82d Cong., 1st sess. feet deep and 500 feet wide from Micheaud to the 38-foot contour in the Gulf of Mexico and an inner tidewater harbor consisting of a 1,000- by 2,000-foot turning basin 36 feet deep and a connecting channel 36 feet deep and 500 feet wide to the Inner Harbor NavigationCanal and provides, when economically justified, for construction of a lock to the Mississippi River at Meraux, La. 1Emergency act. 2 Authority of Secretary of War, Oct. 31, 1934. 3 Authority of Secretary of War, Sept. 20, 1935. 4 Authority of Secretary of War, July 22, 1936. b Authority of Secretary of War, June 30, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1956) is $125,681,- 000. The latest (1955) revised estimate of cost for annual main- tenance is $2,975,000. Local cooperation. None required, except for modification of project in connection with Mississippi River to Gulf Outlet, which will be reported separately. Terminal facilities. Some 100 piers, wharves, or docks serve the port of New Orleans. Practically all wharves on the east or left bank parallel the riverbank forming nearly a continuous covered quay about 10 miles long. A foreign trade zone is located in the port of New Orleans. Public wharves controlled by the Board of Commissioners of the port of New Orleans (the Dock Board) cover 62 percent of the im- proved waterfront. The board also controls the terminal facili- ties on the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal (the Industrial Canal) which connects the Mississippi River with Lake Pontchartrain and turning basin (1,000 by 1,000 feet). Since April 1, 1944, the por- tion of the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal from the Mississippi River to its intersection with the New Orleans-Rigolets section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, exclusive of terminal facilities, but inclusive of the lock and the bridges at St. Claude Avenue and at Florida Avenue, has been under lease to the United States and is now operated by the United States on a toll-free basis, 24 hours per day. From the turning basin to the river the canal has a controlling depth of 30 feet. A quay wharf of reinforced con- crete, 265 feet wide by 2,400 feet long owned by the Dock Board is located on the west bank of the canal. All public port facilities are served by paved roadways (gener- ally city streets) and by the Public Belt Railroad, municipally 604 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 owned and operated, which connects with all 12 trunk lines enter- ing New Orleans. The existing terminal facilities include a shipside grain elevator, general cargo and cotton wharves, fruit landings, bunkering facili- ties, terminal warehouses, railroad terminals, marine railways, and drydocks. They are considered adequate for present com- merce. (For further details see Port Series No. 20, "The Port of New Orleans, La." 1947.) Modern terminal facilities were installed by the city of Baton Rouge in 1926. A reinforced concrete dock for deep-sea vessels, 308 feet in length, has covered shed area of approximately 20,000 square feet and is equipped with a 12-ton locomotive crane. At- tached to the downstream end of the wharf is a floating wharf boat 231 by 401/2 feet, of 2,000-ton capacity. The facilities are served by a transfer boat and municipal terminal, having a capa- city of 40 cars per day. Private terminals for handling oil and other products are lo- cated at points on both sides of the river between New Orleans and Baton Rouge. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details, see "Port Facilities" included in "Flood Con- trol and Navigation Maps of the Mississippi River, Cairo, Ill., to the Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana," published by the President, Mis- sissippi River Commission.) Operations and results during fiscal year. No new work was performed during the fiscal year. Maintenance work performed on the project was as follows: a. Baton Rouge to New Orleans: Maintenance work consisted of removing 154,730 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt at Red Eye Crossing, mile 223.0 above Head of Passes, along the alinement of the front and rear range lights for a distance of approximately 2,260 feet. Maintenance dredg- ing was also performed at Medora Crossing, mile 211.5 above Head of Passes, for a distance of approximately 2,425 feet by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt, removing 28,779 cubic yards of ma- terial. Maintenance work also consisted of dredging 90,131 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt at Granada Crossing, mile 203.0 above Head of Passes, for a distance of approximately 2,570 feet. Reconnaissance surveys were made of Red Eye, Medora, Gran- ada, Philadelphia Point, Bayou Goula, Belmont, and Fairview Crossings by hired labor, as required. Cost for this work were as follows: Maintenance by hired labor: Dredging and surveys __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ $69, 351 b. New Orleans Harbor: Maintenance dredging was accom- plished by leased dredge Pontchartrainunder lump sum and con- tinuing contracts, removing 1,359,120 cubic yards of material from the channel to provide project dimensions within the harbor at New Orleans beyond the 100-foot line from the face of the wharves along the left bank, from the Napoleon Avenue wharf intermit- tently downstream to and including the Standard Oil Company RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 605 wharf. The distance actually dredged was 32,580 feet and the following work was performed: Location Cubic yards removed Dredge Pontchartrain: Napoleon Avenue wharf ----------------------------------------------------- 21,710 Stuyvesant docks- _.__---------- ------------------------------------- 322,325 Orange-Robin Street wharves __ __....___...............________ ____- - - -- 220,235 Erato-Julia-Poydras Street wharves_ ..__....................____- __.. -__ 379,245 Bienville-Toulouse Street wharves_ _----- --------------------- __----230,540 Bay Petroleum Corp. wharf ------------------- 91,530 Oi Copan Stadar Standard Oil Company whrf-----------------------------------------------9,3 wharf ____.... .... . ... .... .... 93,535 On November 17, 1947, contract was entered into with the Board of Commissioners of the Port of New Orleans for a more efficient and expeditious use of dredges to provide navigable depths in the project channel in the port of New Orleans, and within the 100-foot limit along the left bank wharves. On November 17, 1952, a supplemental agreement extended the contract for a period of 5 years. During the fiscal year under this riciprocal agreement 113,476 cubic yards were removed by leased dredge Pontchartrain from within the 100-foot line and 86,844 cubic yards were removed by the Board of Commissioners outside the 100-foot line. River traffic signal lights in the vicinity of Westwego, La., Gretna, La., and Governor Nicholls Street in New Orleans, to govern the movement of vessels during flood stages on the Mis- ssissippi River in the vicinity of Algiers Point, port of New Orleans, were in operation from February 24 to April 2, 1956. Necessary surveys to determine the condition of the channel in the harbor were made. Costs were as follows: Maintenance by contract: Dredging by leased plan._____ $347, 557 Maintenance by hired labor: Operation of signal lights-__ _ 9, 848 Total ----------------------------- $357,405 c. Southwest Pass: Maintenance work consisted of dredging 191,944 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt at the Head of Passes for a distance of approximately 2,400 feet along the entrance range into Southwest Pass. At Southwest Pass lower jetty channel and the bar channel, maintenance work consisted of dredging 2,252,443 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt between mile 19.2 below Head of Passes and the sea buoy, a distance of approxi- mately 5,000 feet. At miles 14.1 to 19.2 below Head of Passes in Southwest Pass, maintenance dredging was performed by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt removing 699,494 cubic yards of material between Ranges 96-D and 172-D for a distance of approximately 26,900 feet. In Southwest Pass between miles 10.6 and 11.9 below Head of Passes, hydraulic fill was placed by leased dredge under continuing contract to strengthen the west bank of pass where wave action from bay side has caused excessive erosion. 606 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Dredging range targets were constructed by contract at the Head of Passes on each side of the entrance ranges entering South and Southwest Passes. Mile post markers were placed through- out Southwest Pass. Under the same contract repairs were com- pleted to permeable-pile dikes 11.48L and 20.09L. Contsruction of mooring clusters at Venice, La., for U. S. dredge Langfitt was initiated by contract on March 6, 1956, and is 96 percent complete, with all piles driven and walkways and piers constructed. Installation of derrick and shell surfacing of levee crown and pier approach remain to complete the contract. Plans and specifications were issued on June 27, 1956, with bids to be opened on July 26, 1956, for construction of 16 permeable- pile dikes on the west bank of Southwest Pass between miles 10.0 and 13.5 below Head of Passes. Repair and maintenance of outlets and miscellaneous structures, inspections, routine channel surveys, miscellaneous hydraulic investigations and examinations and observations were made by hired labor forces. A portion of the former Burrwood reservation continued under lease to the United States Weather Bureau and the remainder of the base was under lease to private interests until April 14, 1956, when the private interests lease was terminated at their request. A small guard force consisting of two men was placed at the reservation for protection of Government property. The office to handle surveys of the Mississippi River Passes was maintained at Venice, La. Costs were as follows : Maintenance by contract: Constructing wharf at Venice, La.-_ $76, 284 Constructing dredging range targets- - -- - 37, 208 Leased dredge operation, SWP---------------------------111, 688 Maintenance by hired labor: Dredging __-________ 427,030 Repair and maintenance of outlets and miscellaneous structures - _________ 94,928 Processing leases ___-_______ 6, 257 Routine channel surveys, miscellaneous observations, stream gaging, and partial operation of Burrwood Base-- Income from sundry disposals___ _________--- - 85, 908 -5, 512 Operation Venice office___________ _____ ____-11,772 Total --------------------------------------------- $845, 563 d. South Pass: At South Pass Bar maintenance work con- sisted of dredging 60,000 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt between the end of the jetties and a dis- tance of 1,760 feet into the Gulf of Mexico. Restoration of west jetty, in progress at end of previous fiscal year, was completed on July 29, 1955. Approximately 186.15 tons of stone were placed this year in the weir over a distance of 100 linear feet at outlet 12.6W. Extension of west jetty, commenced in previous fiscal year, was completed on October 21, 1955. Work this fiscal year con- sisted of placing 278 squares of fascine mattress ballasted with 805 tons of stone over a distance of 1,159 linear feet; placing 188 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 607 tons of riprap in the old dike as a blanket for the 250 tons of stone placed thereon; and construction of approximately 1,148 linear feet of rubble jetty with 6,742 tons of jetty stone and 2,504 tons of cover stone. Dredging range targets were constructed by contract at the sea entrance to South Pass and mile post markers were placed along the entire pass. Routine channel surveys and miscellaneous observations were made. Costs were as follows: Maintenance by contract: Repairs to west jetty, South Pass __ $127, 531 Maintenance by hired labor: Dredging ______________--_____-__-____ 7,420 Vertical control survey, SP and SWP ---- 7, 400 Routine channel surveys and miscellaneous observations ----- 4, 521 Total ____ __------------------- $146,872 e. Cost for supervision and administration, inspection and re- ports, and maintenance of channel patrol from Baton Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico was $91,773. f. Hydraulic surveys, stream gaging, investigations, and studies continued through the fiscal year 1956. Data obtained included complete hydrographic surveys of Southwest and South Passes and the river below Wilder Flats, ( mile 7.7 A.H.P.) as required; con- tinuous water-level records at controlling points throughout the passes; discharge measurements in each of three main passes; and gagings of minor outlets. Vertical-control survey was made from Venice, La., to the ends of South Pass and Southwest Pass. Periodic surveys were made of Southwest and South Passes, of both bar channels, at the Head of Passes, at Pass a Loutre, and the New Orleans Harbor. Average discharge at each of the three main passes of the lower Mississippi River in percentages of the total discharge of the river at the Head of the Passes during the flood cycles are as fol- lows: 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 19541 1955 1956 Southwest Pass 38.15 34.96 36.07 36.24 35.00 35.00 34.96 20.45 _ --- 35.48 20.15 37.31 19.32 South Pass __.- 18.37 18.46 17.43 18.30 20.28 20.65 Pass a Loutre.. 43.48 46.58 46.50 45.46 44.72 44.35 44.59---- 44.37 43.37 Total ...- 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 1 No flood cycle during this year. g. The total costs for the fiscal year were $1,510,964 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 75 (revised) per- cent complete, exclusive of the Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet, which has not yet been started. a. Baton Rouge to New Orleans, New Orleans Harbor, and New Orleans to Head of Passes: This portion of the project was completed in 1940 and maintenance dredging is required at river 608 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 crossings above New Orleans and in the New Orleans Harbor. Minor deficiencies in project dimensions at the lower end of Dumaine Street and Governor Nicholls Street wharves in the New Orleans Harbor were not corrected because of the presence of revetment mattresses at these points. Existing depths opposite these locations are adequate for present and anticipated future commerce. The normal width of channel between 35-foot contours within the limits of the port of New Orleans varies from 1,600 to 2,400 feet. Thalwag depths exceed 100 feet. Shoals along edges of the channel which develop at various points during high-river stages, make dredging necessary as the river stages fall, to maintain proj- ect depths to wharves along the east bank. Dredging by leased dredge was in progress at end of fiscal year. A natural channel of project dimensions or greater was avail- able throughout the remainder of this portion of the project. b. Southwest Pass: Deepening of the pass and bar channel from 35 to 40 feet, mean low Gulf, as approved by Act of March 2, 1945, is yet to be performed. Maintenance dredging in Southwest Pass by leased plant under continuing contract and at the Head of Passes by hired labor was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The east and west jetties are showing some settlement and ad- ditional restoration will be commenced in fiscal year 1957. The east and west headland structures, Head of Passes, have been restored to effective grade and section. Work is in progress by leased dredge in constructing fill along bay side of west bank Southwest Pass between miles 10.5 and 13.7 below Head of Passes to prevent erosion of bank from wave action from West Bay. All existing permeable-pile dikes for channel -contraction are effective, but require some maintenance. Additional spur dikes will be constructed during fiscal year 1957 on the west bank between miles 10.0 and 13.5 to build up the west bank of the pass and prevent further erosion by river action. For last complete report on the existing works of this pass, see pages 477-478 of the Annual Report for 1955. Channel conditions on June 30, 1956, were as follows: 35-foot channel Length Minimum of central channel Minimum Average depth width width (miles) (feet) (feet) (feet) Entrance channel into head of the pass .__._ 1.0 800 968 37 Through pass from head to sea end of jetties___ 19.1 10 690 134 Through bar channel at mouth of pass _.__ 1.3 630 810 37 135-foot contour closed off vicinity mile 17.2 for distance of 750 feet where 34-foot depths exist. Dredging was in progress at end of year to restore project depths. c. South Pass: A good channel was available throughout the length of the pass during the fiscal year with dredging required only on the bar. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 609 All outlets in the pass have been reinforced with stone to prevent erosion of banks on the South Pass side. The east and west jetties have been restored to effective grade and section; however, additional stone will be required in near future on some areas showing settlement. For last complete report on the existing works of this pass, see page 478 of the Annual Report for 1955. Controlling channel conditions on June 30, 1956, were 31 feet over the bar channel at the Gulf entrance to the pass. Total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $63,864,863, of which $25,296,901 was for new work and $38,567,962 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----- - -$7,181 ------- ----------------------------------- $27,026,890 Cost--- -- - 50 ------ ...--- ------- 27,026,890 Maiptenance: Appropriated- -- _ 2,044,300 $1,938,109 $1,214,400 $1,379,600 $1,370,525 38,825,093 Cost-... --- - 2,166,210 1,806,707 1,459,752 1,220,781 1,510,964 38,737,017 1 Includes $1,729,989 for new work and $169,055 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Included in maintenance total is $3,379, 676 from permanent indefinite appropriation. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ $585, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 585, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________________.____99, 799, 099 11. WATERWAY FROM EMPIRE, LA., TO THE GULF OF MEXICO Location. Waterway from Empire, La., to the Gulf of Mexico via Bayous Long and Fontanelle. (See Mississippi River Com- mission, Corps of Engineers map, Empire quadrangle.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction and maintenance of a waterway, 10 miles long, from the State-owned canal and lock at Empire, La., to the Gulf of Mexico, to provide a channel 9 feet deep and 80 feet wide, and for the initial construction of rubble-stone jetties inshore of the 6-foot depth contour, with landward extensions thereof as required to prevent flanking, and for seaward extensions to the 9-foot depth contour if and when it becomes apparent that such extensions will be more economical than maintenance dredging of the entrance channel. The estimate of cost of new work (revised in 1956) is $2,790,000, including $1,573,000 for extension of jetties to the 9-foot depth contour. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $50,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 697, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). The only published map is in this document. 610 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except for furnishing of title information, which local interests have practically completed. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor acquired rights-of-way at a cost of $1,057 for new work and carried on pre- dredging and reconnaissance surveys, prepared plans and speci- fications for maintenance dredging in the waterway, and acquired rights-of-way for this dredging, all at a cost of $5,728 for mainte- nance. During the period March 16 to June 6, 1956, the contract dredge Harvey removed 115,444 cubic yards of shoaled material in restoring the bar channel from station 535 + 00 to the minus 9- foot contour in the Gulf of Mexico, station 555 + 00, and the navi- gation channel from station 110 + 00 to 270 + 00. The costs on this contract were $50,055. The total costs for the fiscal year were $56,839, of which $1,057 was for new work and $55,783 was for maintenance. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. The project is physically com- plete, unless at a later date it is found necessary to extend the jetties to the 9-foot depth contour. Work on the project was initiated on July 31, 1948, and com- pleted on June 13, 1950, during which period the 9- by 80-foot channel from Empire, La., to the Gulf of Mexico, 10 miles, was excavated by contract. A total of 3,736 linear feet of jetties was constructed by contract to the 6-foot depth contour, 1,818 linear feet on east jetty and 1,918 linear feet on west jetty, during the period June 23, 1949, to February 18, 1950. Project dimensions obtained throughout the waterway (June 1956). The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,239,617, of which $1,068,142 was for new work and $171,476 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...........-. i,- ......-i,- I,--.. ....-- ------ - - ......... -- -- $1,100,000 Cost--_-------------- $1,880 $7,036 $1,053 $895 $1,057 1,068,142 Maintenance: Appropriated------- 43,000 -6,500 27,300 51,900 55,356 171,476 Cost----------------- 39,699 -3,201 24,318 54,458 55,783 171,476 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ______ $2 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________________________________ $2 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______________-_________ 1, 690,000 12. BAYOU TECHE, LA. Location. Bayou Teche has its source in Bayou Courtableau, in St. Landry Parish, and flows in a southeaste ry direction, a dis- tance of 125 miles, to where it joins the lower Atchafalaya River, RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 611 about 101/ miles above Morgan City, La. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1116, and Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map, and Palmetto, Opelousas, Carencro, Arnaudville, St. Martinville, Loreauville, Derouen, Jeanerette, Foster, and Belle Isle quad- rangles.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of July 11, 1870, and September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1851, Annual Report for 1915, and page 798, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide on the bottom from the mouth of the stream to New Iberia, La., miles 4.5, thence 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide on the bottom to Keystone Lock, 18 miles, and thence 6 feet deep and 50 feet wide on the bottom from Keystone lock to Arnaudville, La., 34 miles, to be secured by dredging, removing snags and overhanging trees, and construction of a lock and dam and regulating works. The plane of reference is mean low Gulf level. Keystone lock Miles from New Iberia_ 18. Miles from Intracoastal Waterway- 82.5. Width of chamber_ 36 feet. Length available for full width_ 160 feet. Lift _ 8 feet. Depths on miter sill at mean low Gulf level- Do. Character of foundation________________ Timber piles. Kind of dam_ Timber, rockfill. Type of construction- Concrete. Year completed- 1913. Cost $257,720. The raising of the pool level by 1.5 feet above Keystone Dam by the installation of movable crest gates on the dam is provided for in the flood control project for Bayou Teche and Vermilion River, La. Under the project "Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries," East and West Calumet floodgates, with a width of 45 feet and sill elevation of - 9.02 feet, mean low Gulf level, were constructed in Bayou Teche at the east and west approaches to Wax Lake Outlet during the period February 21, 1949, to Septem- ber 22, 1950, and a lock was constructed in the lower Atchafalaya River in the vicinity of Berwick, La., during the period November 16, 1948, to September 7, 1951. Berwick lock Miles north of Berwick, La. 1.7. Miles below mouth of Bayou Teche 9.0. Width of chamber _ 45 feet. Length available for full width 300 feet. Lift _________------ 0-14.5 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level.-9.0. Character of foundation Timber piles. Kind of dam --------------- None. Type of construction Reinforced concrete. Open to navigation__ November 1950. Completed _ _ __ September 1951. Cost--------------------- $2,100,000. 612 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide is about 10 inches at the mouth, 4 inches just below the lock, and zero above the lock, the extreme range of tide being about 12 inches, 6 inches, and zero, respectively. The variation of the water surface above Keystone lock due to freshets is from 2 to 7 feet, while just below the lock it has been as high as 12 or 15 feet and near the mouth about 4 or 5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1954) is $708,600, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. Widening and deepening of the channel between mile 50.06 and Keystone lock and dam (mile 72) is considered to be inactive and is ex- cluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $371,400. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance from mouth to Arnaudville is $12,000, plus $21,000 for operating and care of the lock and dam. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Improvement of the stream from its mouth to St. Annual Report, 1889, p. 1532 Martinville by removing obstructions and dredging. Mar. 2, 1907 Construction of lock and dam and the extension of the H. Doc. 527, 59th Cong., 1st sess. improvement to Arnaudville, La. Mar. 2, 1919 Increase of channel dimensions from mouth to Key- H. Doc. 1329, 62d Cong., 3d sess. stone lock. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of lock and dam provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. For latest published map, see H. Doc. 288, 66th Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Small, privately owned wharves are avail- able at all the towns along the bayou; public landing is permitted without charge. There are privately-owned terminals for trans- ferring crude oil to barges near the towns of Charenton, Jeanerette, Olivier, and St. Martinville. The facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor carried on noncooperative stream gaging and reconnaissance surveys at a cost of $2,576. Keystone lock was operated throughout the fiscal year, and the lock, dam, structure, and grounds were maintained, as necessary, with costs of $13,511. Delayed costs for hired labor work performed in previous fiscal year were $158. The total costs for the fiscal year were $16,246, of which $2,734 was for maintenance and $13,511 for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 67 percent complete. Keystone lock and dam was completed in 1913. The dredging and snagging done in 1916 completed that part of the existing project for the 6- by 50-foot channel from the Arnaudville to Key- stone lock. The contract dredging done in 1918-20 completed RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 613 that part of the previous project for a 6- by 50-foot channel from Keystone lock to mile 39.7 above the mouth. The 8- by 80-foot channel from New Iberia to the mouth is 98 percent complete. From the mouth to mile 5.8 a channel 8 by 80 feet, or greater, already existed, and a new channel has been excavated, 8 by 80 feet from this point to mile 50.06, about 3.65 miles below New Iberia, and 8 by 60 feet from this point to New Iberia. Keystone lock is in good condition. Plans and specifications for a new concrete cap on the existing dam at Keystone lock to raise the existing structure have been completed. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf (October 1954), were: From mile 0 to mile 6, 6 feet; to Charenton drainage canal (mile 29.5), 7 feet; to west side "Y" Charenton drainage canal, 4.5 feet; to New Iberia (mile 54.5), 7 feet; to Keystone lock (mile 72), 5 feet; controlling depths, mean low water, were: Keystone lock to Ruth Bridge (mile 87.0), 8 feet; Ruth Bridge to Ruth Canal (mile 87.5), 5 feet; and Ruth Canal to Arnaudville Bridge (mile 106.5), 4 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $1,450,801, of which $708,625 was for new work, $361,- 207 for maintenance, and $380,968 for operating and care. In addition, the sum of $91,389 was expended between July 1, 1913, and June 30, 1935, on the operation'and care of the works of im- provement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite ap- propriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------ ------------------------ $754,330 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 754,330 Maintenance: Appropriated _... $19,000 $18,953 $22,000 $21,000 $9,800 833,851 ... . Cost-----------------..... 25,078 21,319 21,722 23,601 16,246 833,565 x New work includes $45,704 for previous projects and operating and care work includes $91,389 permanent indefinite appropriation. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________ _ $371, 374 13. MERMENTAU RIVER, BAYOU NEZPIQUE, AND BAYOU DES CANNES, LA. Location. Mermentau River is formed by the junction of Bayous des Cannes and Nezpique, 2.25 miles above Mermentau, La., flows in a southwesterly direction, and empties into the Gulf of Mexico. Bayou Nezpique rises in Evangeline Parish, flows in a southerly direction, and empties into the Mermentau River. Bayou des Cannes rises in Evangeline Parish, flows in a south- southwesterly direction, and empties into the Mermentau River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1116 and 1278, and U. S. Geological Survey maps, Evangeline, Hathaway, Mer- 614 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 mentau, Jennings, Lake Arthur, Gueydan, Thornwell, Latania Lake, Catfish Lake, Grand Cheniere, and Bayou Labauve quad- rangles.) Existing project. The project provides for the removal of ob- structions to navigation to secure the natural channel throughout the entire Mermentau River, a distance of 71.5 miles, and through Bayou Nezpique from its mouth to 25 miles above, and Bayou des Cannes from its mouth to Evangeline Bridge (mile 8.5) ; for im- proving the channel in Lower Mud Lake by constructing a brush dam to concentrate the action of the current and by dredging; and for removing a portion of the wrecked dam 7 miles above the mouth; and for dredging a channel 9 feet deep over a bottom width of 100 feet from the Intracoastal Waterway to the junction of Bayous Nezpique and des Cannes. That part of the project below Grand Lake, mile 25, has been superseded by the flood-control project "Mermentau River, La." Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide on the Mer- mentau River near the mouth is 10 inches and near the head about 3 inches, the extreme range being 14 inches and about 5 inches, respectively. The variation of the water surface near the mouth may be as much as 7 or 8 feet, due to hurricanes on the Gulf, and near the head from 8 to 12 feet, due to freshets. On Bayou Nezpique, under ordinary conditions, the range of tide is about 3 inches at the mouth and nothing at the head. On Bayou des Cannes, under ordinary conditions, the range of tide is about 3 inches at the mouth and nothing at the head. The cost of new work for the project, completed in fiscal year 1935, was $57,555, including $29,974 from public works funds. The latest (1950) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 13, 1892 General project____________________________ _ Annual Report, 1891, p. 1862. July 27, 1916 Removal of portion of wrecked dam near mouth of H. Doc. 1232, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Mermentau River. Mar. 2, 1919 Improvement of Bayou des Cannes .-- H. Doc. 1398, 65th Cong., 3d sess. Aug. 30, 19351 Channel in Mermentau River 9 feet deep plus 1 foot Rivers and Harbors Committee overdepth from Intracoastal Waterway to the Doe. 36, 72d Cong., 1st sess. source at confluence of Bayous Nezpique and des (Contains latest published map.) Cannes. 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program Mar. 28, 1934. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are several small, privately owned wharves at Grand Cheniere and a public terminal at the town of Lake Arthur. Privately owned terminals for transferring crude oil to barges are at the following locations: One on Lake Arthur near the town of Lake Arthur; 1 on the Mermentau River near the town of Mermentau; 2 on Bayou Nezpique near Jennings; and 4 on Bayou des Cannes, 1 near Evangeline, 1 at Mermentau, and 2 near Jennings. The facilities are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 615 Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces removed debris to eliminate an obstruction to navigation from Mermentau River, approximate mile 65.5, at a cost of $2,194 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, except for the 9- by 100-foot channel, was completed in 1917. The 9- by 100-foot channel was completed in 1935. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: (October 1955) Mermentau River: Over bar, 6 feet; to Upper Mud Lake, 9 feet; through Upper Mud Lake, 8 feet; to Catfish Point, 9 feet; through Grand Lake, 6 feet; Grand Lake to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, 8 feet; (May 1956) ; through Lake Arthur, 10 feet; to head of Mermentau River, mile 71.5, 18 feet. (October 1955) Bayou Nezpi- que: Mile 0 to mile 20 (Jahncke Bridge), 17 feet; Bayou des Cannes: Mile 0 to mile 4, 9 feet. The total costs (regular funds) under the project to the end of the fiscal year were $118,150 of which $27,580 was for new work and $90,569 for maintenance. In addition, $29,974 was expended from public works funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Cost__ Appropiated----------- Appropriated ........ --- ---- - ..------------ ......... ........... ------------ ------------ -------------------------- ........------------ $57,555 $755 57,555 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------------ $35,886 -$20,000 -- -$1,093 90,570 Cost ----------------------------- 874 8,127 $3,597 2,194 90,569 1 Includes $29,974 from public works funds, new work. 14. CALCASIEU RIVER AND PASS, LA. Location. Calcasieu River has its source in southwestern Louisiana, and flows in a general southerly direction to the Gulf of Mexico. About 25 miles from the Gulf it debouches into Cal- casieu Lake, which lake is about 18 miles long. The connection between the lake and the Gulf, about 7 miles long, is known as Calcasieu Pass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 591 and 592; U. S. Geological Survey maps, Edna, Thompson Bluff, Hecker, Moss Bluff, Lake Charles, West Lake, Moss Lake, Hack- berry, Sweet Lake, Brown's Lake, Holly Beach, Grand Bayou, and Cameron quadrangles; and Corps of Engineers navigation maps of Intracoastal Waterway and Atchafalaya River system.) Previous projects. The original project for this improvement was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872. Ap- propriations were made by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, August 2, 1882, July 5, 1884, and August 11, 1888. The project was modified by the River and Harbor Acts of September 19, 1890, July 13, 1892, and September 22, 1922. For further details, see Annual Report for 1936, page 719, and Annual Report for 1938, page 819. 616 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 250 feet wide (49.5 miles long) from the wharves of the Lake Charles Harbor and Terminal District by way of Calcasieu River, including Clooney Island Loop, to the head of Choupique cutoff; thence by a land-and-water cut along the west shore of Calcasieu Lake; thence to and through Calcasieu Pass by a designated route to the Gulf of Mexico, subject to such change in alinement as is ap- proved by the Chief of Engineers; the reconstruction and extension of the existing jetties initially to the seaward end of the east jetty, and further extension to the 15-foot depth contour if found ad- visable to reduce maintenance dredging costs; dredging a channel 35 to 37 feet deep and 250 feet wide between jetties, and an ap- proach channel 37 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the sea end of the jetties to a depth of 37 feet in the Gulf of Mexico; also for the improvement of the river from Lake Charles to Phillips Bluff (52.6 miles) by removing logs, snags, overhanging trees, and by dredging. Total length of improvement is 102.1 miles. Under ordinary conditions, the mean range of tide is 10 inches at the mouth, diminishing to zero at Phillips Bluff, the extreme range being 14 inches and zero, respectively. The estimate of cost for new work, including $5,551,000 for the extension of the jetties to the 15-foot depth contour (revised in 1956), is $14,399,800. The latest (1955) approved estimate for cost of maintenance is $278,000 annually. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Modification of original project of 1872, dated May 12, H. Ex. Doc. 46, 46th Cong., 3d 1881, provided for general improvement of the river sess.; and Annual Report 1881, from Phillips Bluff to the mouth by removing logs, p. 1301. snags, and overhanging trees, and by dredging. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 30 feet deep and 250 feet wide from the Lake H. Doc. 299, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Charles docks to the Gulf of Mexico. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 30 feet deep and 250 feet wide around H. Doc. 465, 77th Cong., 1st sess. Clooney Island. July 24, 1946 Channel depth of 35 feet from the wharves of the Lake S. Doc. 190, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Charles Harbor and Terminal District, including (contains latest published map). Clooney Island Loop, to the jetty channel, a uni- formly increasing depth of 35 to 37 feet in the jetty channel, and a depth of 37 feet in the approach channel in the Gulf of Mexico. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Under date of January 5, 1922, a permit was granted by the As- sistant Secretary of War to the police jury of Calcasieu Parish to enlarge this river where necessary between Lake Charles and the eastern end of the Calcasieu-Sabine section of the Intracoastal Waterway to a depth of 30 feet over a bottom width of 125 feet. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities at the Port of Lake Charles are owned by the Lake Charles Harbor and Terminal Dis- trict and operated by a board of commissioners. In addition to the municipally owned terminals, there are several privately owned and operated wharf structures located on the existing ship chan- nel. (For further details, see Port Series No. 21, "The Port of Lake Charles, La.," revised 1947, and in Folio of Navigation Maps, RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 617 Intracoastal Waterway, New Orleans to Port Arthur, 1954, pub- lished by Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Acquisition of rights- of-way, preparation of plans and specifications, engineering sur- veys and mapping, installation of permanent monuments along cutoff, miles 25 to 28, completion surveys, drafting, and engineer- ing and design were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $15,051 for new work. Deferred charges on new work by contract com- pleted in previous fiscal year amounted to $16. Real estate activities, hydraulic studies, salinity investigations, flow studies, noncooperative stream gaging, economic justifica- tion report, reconnaissance surveys, and danger zone and fairways studies were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $47,443 for maintenance. Funds in the amount of $470 were transferred to the U. S. Geological Survey as the project's pro-rata share of costs for opera- tion of the cooperative stream-gaging program. During the fiscal year the U. S. dredge Langfitt removed 1,604,- 206 cubic yards in dredging shoals from the approach channel and bar of Calcasieu River and Pass over a distance of 3.6 miles at a cost of $91,492 for maintenance. The total costs for the fiscal year were $154,471, of which $15,066 was for new work and $139,405 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as modified is 54 (revised) percent complete, including extension of the jetties seaward to the 15-foot depth contour, if and when found necessary. Dredging under the existing project, prior to the modifications adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1945, and July 24, 1946, was completed in 1941, and the 30- by 250-foot ship chan- nel was formally opened to deep-draft traffic on July 12, 1941. Work on the modified project of deepening the 250-foot channel to 35 feet from Lake Charles to the 37-foot depth contour in the Gulf of Mexico was initiated on September 7, 1948, and completed on April 25, 1953. This work was accomplished as follows: 35- by 250-foot channel from Lake Charles Harbor downstream: To Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, mile Commenced Completed 12.8, dredge Texas Sept. 7, 1948 Feb. 2, 1949 From Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, mile 12.8 to mile 24.1, dredge Duplex______ Sept. 5, 1949 Apr. 6, 1950 From mile 24.1 to mile 30.4, and dredging in the 6- by 20-foot connecting channel, dredge Texas and two draglines______ Feb. 10, 1949 May 11, 1949 From mile 30.4 to mile 32, dredge Mobile_ July 26, 1950 Aug. 6, 1950 A survey showed that project depths ob- tained between miles 32 below Lake Clharles and the approach channel, a distance of approximately 5 miles. Deepening existing approach channel to - 37 feet, mean low Gulf, from in- side jetties to the 37-foot depth con- tour in the Gulf of Mexico, a distance of about 11 miles, U. S. dredge Langfitt ____ -- Oct. 15, 1950 Apr. 25, 1953 618 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 A turning basin or ship anchorage for vessels using the water- way was constructed during the period April 26 and June 1, 1952, between St. Johns Island and vicinity of Cameron, La., a distance of approximately 1.1 miles. The Calcasieu Pass jetties, initiated under the previous project and completed in May 1942, extend to the 10-foot depth contour and are in good condition. The east jetty, approximately 8,620 feet long, has been built to approximately 6 feet above mean low Gulf, and extends seaward from the existing Gulf shoreline a dis- tance of 6,820 feet. The west jetty, 8,050 feet long, has been built to approximately 4 feet above mean low Gulf and extends seaward from the existing Gulf shoreline a distance of 6,795 feet. The jetty structure is considered complete unless at a later date it is found necessary to extend the jetties seaward to the 15-foot depth contour, as provided for in the project. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of extending the jetties seaward to the 15-foot depth contour, if and when found necessary. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: (October 1955) through jetty channel to mile 0, 35 feet; to upper end St. John Island (mile 5), 36 feet; through Calcasieu Lake to mile 15.6, 35 feet; area at Light 67 (mile 15.6), 34 feet; to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (mile 22.5), 36 feet; abreast Burton Shipyard (mile 23), 33 feet; to Lake Charles (mile 33.9), 34 feet; to mile 40, 21 feet; (January 1954) to mile 50, 17 feet; to mile 51, 5 feet; to mile 53, 13 feet; to mile 57, 10 feet; to mile 63, 7 feet; to mile 65 (Hecker), 10 feet; to mile 70.4, 2 feet (non-navigable above this point due to snags and trees). The total costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $9,948,970, of which $7,791,810 was for new work and $2,157,161 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated_,- $1,025,000 ----------------------------------------- $8,339,609 Cost_---------------- 216,452 $561,620 $54,740 $404,711 $15,066 8,287,723 Maintenance: Appropriated- _----------_----400,000 356,000 109,500 138,783 2,352,039 Cost _...._ _. 755,675 109,177 139,405 2,352,012 1 Includes $495,914 for new work and $194,851 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $4, 985 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _-- 4, 985 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ___________________________ 6, 556, 105 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 619 15. REMOVING THE WATER HYACINTH (LOUISIANA) Location. Lakes and streams tributary to the Gulf Coast. Existing project. This project provides for the removal of plants from the navigable waters of the States of Florida, Ala- bama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, so far as they are or may become an obstruction to navigation, by any mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever; for the construction and operation of boats equipped with suitable machinery for such removal; and for the construction and operation of booms to prevent the drifting of plants from one stream to another. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $500,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Made appropriations for the States of Florida and H. Doc. 91, 55th Cong., 3d sess. Louisiana and provided for the extermination or removal of plants, the building of boats, and the establishment of booms. June 13, 1902 Authorized the use of mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever. Mar. 3, 1905 Made the appropriation available for the State of Texas. Mar. 3, 1905 fIn making appropriations for Florida, provided that Mar. 2, 1907 l no chemical process injurious to cattle shall be used. July 25, 1912 Made the appropriation available for the State of Mississippi and also made available for use in that State the operating plant pertaining to the work in Louisiana. July 27, 1916 Made the appropriation available for the State of Alabama. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities of the various streams from which hyacinths were removed are described in the report for the improvement of these streams. Operations and results during fiscal year. A well-balanced com- bination of mechanical and chemical methods of destruction was undertaken to take the maximum advantage of funds available. Economics in effect resulted in curtailed operations and limited the work to only those main waterways over which the major portion of navigation moves. Preventive maintenance work in secondary streams and feeder areas was sharply curtailed with a resultant increase in vegetation in these areas. Some momen- tary inconvenience was caused at times when this vegetation dis- gorged into the main streams after a heavy squall. Feeder areas previously freed of the hyacinth and placed on a patrol maintenance basis have now become heavily infested with alligator weed which has not proved susceptible to chemical treatment. A total of 29,655,600 square yards (6,126, acres) of vegetation was destroyed by chemicals and 6,700,500 square yards (1,384 acres) by machinery in Bayou Black, Lake Cataouatche and feeder streams, streams of the Lake des Allemands Basin, the Lake Dauterive area, the Intracoastal Waterway, Bayou Lafourche, streams of the Lake Maurepas Basin, the Bayou Penchant-Bayou 620 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Copassaw area, the Plaquemine Waterway, and in Bayous Teche, Misere, and Lacassine. Operations were conducted on a curtailed schedule with the work being confined to the main navigational channels on a recurring basis. Some handicap to navigation resulted. No permanent results can be expected on this basis as work must be accomplished in feeder areas and secondary streams if complete reinfestation of the main channels is to be avoided. Operations were conducted only in areas where severe hardship would have resulted if the work had not been undertaken. The total costs for the fiscal year were $253,718 for mainte- nance. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. From 1900 to 1902 a boat with suitable machinery for destroying the hyacinth by crushing was operated. From that time until 1937 hyacinths were destroyed through the use of a solution of arsenic and caustic soda which was sprayed on the vegetation, removal by hand crews and con- trolled in their movements by means of booms and barricades. The use of arsenic has been discontinued and hand removal has been supplanted by use of mechanical equipment in conjunction with the chemical spray (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). Present methods of control are by means of mechanical rotary saw-type destroyers, chemical treatment, and the use of booms and barri- cades. Excellent results are being obtained on water hyacinths by these methods. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,426,517 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 Maintenance: Appropriated . $201,700 $218,395 $220,000 $216,000 $229,136 $4,427,283 Cost _ 203,629 197,040 222,248 190,722 253,718 4,426,517 16. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey conducted 1. Bayou Bonfouca, La_______________________________ 1$1,997 September 1955. 2. Chefuncta River and Bogue Falia, La_ - _ 1,310 February 1955. 3. Pass Manchac, La_ _-.-. .---- 420 February 1954. 4. Bayou Lafourche, La_________________ _______________ 115 March 1956. 5. Atchafalaya River, Morgan City to Gulf of Mexico, 1,600 January 1955. La. 1Separate report included for this project; however, costs for these surveys were not charged to individual project. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 621 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------ ---- .... $6,400 $6,400 Cost---- ------------ 5,442 5,442 17. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last - _ Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 2 1. Sulphur River, Ark., and Tex. _________ 1919 $45,989 (1) 2. Bayou Dorcheat,2 Loggy Bayou, and Lake Bisteneau, La. 2 3 4___________ -------- 3. Cane River, La. 4 1887 1910 5,000 2,500 ---------------- $2,000 (1) (1) 4. Chefuncte River and Bogue Falia, La ... _ 1953 524,563 49,473 (1) 5. Tangipahoa River, 6La._____________________ 1950 11,500 15,203 (1) 6. Pass Manchac, La. ____________________ 1953 1,374 10,039 (1) 7. Tickfaw, Natalbany, 6 Ponchatoula, and Blood Rivers, La. ___________________ 6 _ 1950 19 5 0 8,115 28 ,234 32,416 6 3 ,5 3 4 (1) (1 ) 8. Amite River and Bayou Manchac, La. .... 5 5 9. Bayou Grosse Tete, La.6__________ 2 _______ 1950 29,392 67,781 (1) 9a. Bayou Grosse Tete, La. 12 ___________ 2 _ 1950 -------------- ______________ $205,608 10. Big Pigeon and Little - Pigeon Bayous, La. 4 1936 37,669 (1) 2 .__ 11. Bayou Dupre, La.6________________ 1950 38,915 26,890 (1) 12. Grand Bayou Pass,6 La. 6- ___ _ 1950 7,676 14,480 (1) 13. Barataria Bay, La. ____________________ 1950 73,037 47,551 (1) 14. Bayou Segnette, La ----------------------- (7) - -559,000 15. Bayou Lafourche, La____________________ 6 1955 6 524,024 5583,038 839,000 16. Bayou Terrebonne, La. 6 1950 .________________ 5120,089 231,694 (1) 17. Little Caillou Bayou, La. _ 1952 77,761 240,448 (1) 18. Waterway from Intracoastal Waterway to Bayou Dulac, La. 6(Bayous Grand Caillou and LeCarpe, La.) - .- . 1950 51,280 1,543 (1) 19. Atchafalaya River, Morgan City to the Gulf 1953 50 1,963 285 ,390 ( 1) of Mexico, La.__________________________ 20. Petit Anse, Tigre, and6- Carlin Bayous, La.6_. 1953 298,314 157,916 (1) 21. Bayou Vermilion, La. ________________ _ 1947 534,900 200,169 (1) 22. Waterway from White Lake to Pecan Is- land, La ......_ __ _----------- 2- - - - - - - - - - 1948 10,904 10,742 (8) 23. Bayou Plaquemine Brule, La.2 - - - - - - _ - 1950 32,760 36,780 (1) 24. Bayou Queue de Tortue, La. _. __ 1950 33,355 4,776 (1) 25. Lake Charles Deep Water Channel, La-_.. 1950 241,896 (9) 26. Vinton Waterway, La__ _______________-_ 1950 - _____-_______-------------- 1056,000 27. Removing snags and other floating and sunken obstructions in the Atchafalaya and Old Rivers from the junction with the Mississippi and Red Rivers down the Atchafalaya as far as Melville, La., and from the Mississippi River within the limits of the New Orleans District -..-.... (11) 1 Completed. 2 Inactive. 3No commerce reported. 4 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 1692, 64th Cong., 2d sess. and H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 5 Includes previous project costs. 6 Channel adequate for commerce. 7 Authority PL 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess., Sept. 3, 1954. 8 This project has not been completed as it has been incorporated in the flood control, general, project, "Mermentau River, La." 9 This is a maintenance project and no future work is scheduled. 10oLocal interests have not provided rights-of-way and dumping privileges. 11No work has been performed in the New Orleans district under this title. 12Latest cost estimate 1954. 622 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 18. NAVIGATION WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized the allotment of not to exceed $300,000 from river and harbor ap- propriations for any one fiscal year for the removal of accumulated snags and other obstructions and for protection, clearing, and straigthening channels in navigable harbors, streams, and tribu- taries thereof when such work is advisable in the interest of navigation. During the fiscal year 1956 the sum of $75,000 was allotted to provide a 12- by 200-foot channel in Calcasieu Pass Channel in Old River Bend, at Cameron, La. Plans and specifications covering this work were advertised, bids were opened, and contract was awarded on June 22, 1956. No construction work has been in- itiated under the contract. Preliminary costs in connection with the contract amounted to $1,290 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated ------.. . -$1,793 _ ..... _ . . ............ $75, 000 $143, 508 Cost-------- 14,541 ---------.--- 1,290 69,798 19. RED RIVER BELOW DENISON DAM, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT Location. The work covered by this project is located on the Red River and its tributaries below Denison Dam, in Oklahoma, Arkansas, Texas, and Louisiana. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, approved the general plan for flood control on Red River below Denison Dam, Tex. and Okla., which provides for the con- struction of six flood-control reservoirs in combination with exist- ing or authorized Federal and non-Federal levee improvements, modified as required, and channel stabilization at locations where levee setbacks are impossible or uneconomical. This act further authorized the incorporation of the several separate existing proj- ects for flood control along the Red River below Denison, above the jurisdiction of The Mississippi River Commission, into this proj- ect. By public Law 780, 83d Congress, 2d session, September 3, 1954, as amended by Public Law 218, 84th Congress, 1st session, August 3, 1955, the plan of improvement was amended to include additional projects as indicated in the following lists of the reser- voirs and local protection works considered in the general flood- control plan for the Red River below Denison Dam, and the exist- ing flood-control projects incorporated into the project in the New Orleans District: FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 623 New projects Drainage area Storage, Flood Estimated Project Stream (square conser- control cost miles) vation (acre-feet) Cooper Reservoir, levees, and So. Sulphur R .. 450 5,000 130,000 3'$12,526,400 channels, Tex.1 2 Ferrells Bridge Reservoir, Tex.4__ Cypress Creek _. 850 3,800 587,000 3 13,000,000 Mooringsport Reservoir, La., and . do.........---------- 2,740 150,000 660,000 11,200,000 Tex.' 4 - Texarkana Reservoir, Tex. ..... Sulphur River _ 3,400 145,300 2, 509,000 33,800,000 Bayou Pierre in vicinity of ------.-..............-............ - 243,336 Shreveport, La.5 Maniece Bayou, Ark.1 2.---.........----....---.. ------- --- 138,000 McKinney Bayou and Barkman ___._____.------------.--------------- .. 1,180,000 Creek, Tex., and Ark.' 2 Posten Bayou, Ark., and La.1 2 ________ __________ _______ _________ 460,000 Red River levees and bank stabi- -__----- .-........ .-...--.......... - - 9,530,000 lization below Denison 4 Dam, Tex., Ark., and La. Total___-______-.________.. . .______.- 82,077,736 1 Authorized by PL 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess., September 3, 1954. 2Work on this project has not been initiated. 3 In addition, the following will be expended from contributed funds: Cooper Reservoir, levee, and channels, Tex-.._ $1,173,600. .--------------------------- Ferrells Bridge Reservoir, Tex_ --------------------------------------- 2,000,000. 4 Details presented in individual report. 5 For last full report, see Annual Report for: Mooringsport Reservoir___-------- __-----------------------_ .1952. Bayou Pierre in vicinity of Shreveport, La_. -..---.----.----.----.----.----- 1951. 6 Actual cost, exclusive of $89,047 of contributed funds. Incorporated projects For last Flood full report, Project Type of work Control Estimated see Annual Act cost Report for- Hempstead County levee district No. Levee enlargement--------..... 1938 1$88,006 1941 1, Ark. Red River Parish, La---- _.....-----do_------------------ 1936 1 149,435 1939 Natchitoches Parish, La.. .......------------Levee and appurtenances. 1936 1 2 1,529,927 (3) Grant Parish, below Colfax, La ..-- Levees_ ------ 1938 138,809 1941 Aloha-Rigolette area, Grant and Ra- Levee and appurtenances. 1941 11,653,237 (3) pides Parishes, La. Pineville, Red River, La ...--------- -----...do------------------ 1941 1232;426 1953 Colfax, Grant Parish, La.. CutoffL __-_------__- ..------------. 1938 1 470,348 1938 Saline Point, La.. _________do------------------1936 1124,111 1945 Red River in vicinity of Shreveport, Bank protection.......... 1944 13,908,000 1953 La. 5 Black Bayou Reservoir, La. ......- -. Flood-control reservoir.... 1936 714,000 1945 Bayou Bodcau Reservoir, La__......-----....do _------------------ 938 14,075,014 (3) Bayou Bodcau, Red Chute, and Loggy Channel improvement -.. 1941 1306,509 1948 Bayou, La. Wallace Lake Reservoir, La..---------....... Flood-control reservoir .... 1936 1,214,500 (3) Bayou Pierre, La--------..... -- - Channel enlargement .... 1936 1299, 529 (3) 1Actual cost. 2In addition, $250,000 was expended from contributed funds. 3Included in this report. 4 Completed under provisions of section 7 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, as amended by sec. 9 of the Flood Control Act approved June 15, 1936, and included in 1939 Annual Report of the presi- dent, Mississippi River Commission, p. 2214. 5 Work not started. The total estimated cost to the United States (revised in 1956) is $96,491,209, of which $82,077,736 is for construction in addi- tion to that required for the incorporated projects (H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. See individual reports. 624 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces continued studies to determine the economic justification of Mill- wood Reservoir, Ark., on a current basis, involving routing of historic floods and determination of benefits below Fulton, Ark., in the New Orleans District Corps of Engineers. These studies were made for the Tulsa, Okla., District, Corps of Engineers, at a cost of $256. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $6,490. For projects in the New Orleans District, Corps of Engineers, see individual reports. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----- ------------ .....------------ .. $3,000 $3,500 ....- $6,500 Cost - 2,971 3,263 $256 6,490 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $10 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -_ 10 20. TEXARKANA RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The work covered by this project is on the Sulphur River in Cass and Bowie Counties, Tex. The dam site is 45 miles above the mouth of Sulphur River, and approximately 8 miles southwest of Texarkana, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam 18,500 feet long and 100 feet high, including a spillway 200 feet wide and outlet works with a capacity of 27,600 cubic feet per second. The reservoir will control the runoff from 3,400 square miles of drainage area, and will have a storage capacity of 2,654,300 acre-feet, of which 145,300 acre-feet are for conservation and the remainder for flood control. The estimate of cost (revised in 1956) is $33,800,000, of which $30,- 020,000 is for construction and $3,780,000 is for lands and dam- ages. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $150,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project docu- ment. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Preparation of plans and specifications, engineering and design, revision of topographic maps, maintenance of fire-fighting equipment, preparation for publication of master plan for reservoir management, preparation of real estate design memorandum, inspection of earthwork and channel improvement, and compilation of status maps and main- tenance manuals were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $97,727 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 625 Design drawings and specifications and hydraulic studies were accomplished by the office of the Division Engineer, Lower Mis- sissippi Valley Division, with costs of $2,792 and maintenance of the Mississippi Basin model was carried on by the Waterways Ex- periment Station with costs of $3,157. Costs for real estate activities amounted to $421,846. Rebrushing for malaria control; installation of safety signs; construction of reinforced-concrete steps at the outlet structure and landscaping were completed by hired labor and the fabrication of picnic tables and benches was initiated on June 15, 1956, and is 30 percent complete. Costs were $14,312 for new work. Maintenance and repairs of the dam, malaria control study and report, fire protection, noncooperative stream gaging, flood dam- age surveys, sedimentation of scour survey, and real estate activi- ties were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $95,499 for maintenance. Maintenance funds in the amounts of $1,786 and $1,365 were transferred to the United States Weather Bureau and the U. S. Geological Survey, respectively, for the project's pro-rata share of the cooperative hydroclimatic network and stream-gaging opera- tions. Clearing of approximately 16,078 acres in the reservoir area, initiated under a continuing contract in fiscal year 1953 was con- tinued. During the period February to May 1956, only minor operations were carried on due to rains, wet conditions of the ground, and inundated areas. The contract is 99 percent complete. Relocation of the St. Louis Southwestern Railway under reim- bursable agreements, which provide for construction of timber trestles, ballast, and track work, and relocation of Western Union Telegraph and signal lines and of American Telephone and Tele- graph Co. lines by the owner, and for the construction of the em- bankment sections and steel bridges to be accomplished by the Government, continued with the embankment, bridge, and trestle construction complete and approximately 98 percent of the utility and track relocations complete. Relocating Western Union lines along the north slope of the embankment is 96 percent complete, with relocation on Item VI, the remaining item to be completed, 98 percent complete. The St. Louis and Southewestern Railway has completed all track work on two of the items with track work in progress on the remaining four items. Traffic was first cut in on one section of the relocated railway on November 7, 1955, and the last item was cut in for service on June 18, 1956. Dismantling and removal of old mainline has been completed on five of the items and was initiated on the remaining item on June 25, 1956. Re- moval of ballast and sub-ballast on two items has been initiated. Relocation of the American Telephone and Telegraph Co. lines was completed on June 19, 1956. The cost reimbursable contract for relocation of approximately 13.16 miles of United States Highway No. 67 continued. The planning under the contract was completed and contracts were 626 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 awarded this fiscal year on the remaining three items. The con- tract for this relocation is approximately 54 percent complete, with embankment construction in progress on all five items and approxi- mately 62 percent complete. Raising of bridge at Elliott's Creek and excavation for culvert at this bridge is complete, and bridges at Bassett, Holbrook, Calvert, and Rice Creeks are under construc- tion. The bridge and riprap construction is 33 percent complete. Under lump-sum reimbursable contracts alteration of the REA powerlines was completed on December 7, 1955; the relocation of approximately 1,030 linear feet of the waterlines and appurtenant connections of the Maud Water Co. was completed on January 9, 1956, and relocation of Owen Dorrough telephone lines in the right- of-way of State Highway 67 is 41 percent complete with most of the poles set and the contractor preparing to string the wires. Alteration of 2 miles of county roads and construction of six bridges in Bowie County were accomplished during the period June 3 to October 25, 1955, and alteration of Texas State Highway No. 8, initiated on September 9, 1953, was completed on September 10, 1955, both under continuing contracts. Construction of Texarkana Dam access road commenced on December 5, 1955, under continuing contract, and is 95 percent complete, and the construction of eight access roads in the reservoir area, initiated on March 19, 1956, is 32 percent complete. Con- struction of timber post guard fence at Texarkana Dam was com- menced on June 4, 1956, and is 69 percent completed. Cost charges on these contracts were: Relocations $4, 184, 405 Access roads, dam, and reservoir- - 185, 756 Timber post guard fence____ 5, 010 Clearing _-____ ___ 372, 653 Delayed costs on contract completed in previous fiscal year amounted to $1,352. The total costs for the fiscal year were $5,387,660, of which $5,289,010 was for new work and $98,650 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 88 percent complete. Construction was initiated on August 18, 1948, and to date the following work has been completed. Clearing of dam site; con- struction of the terrace and floodplain sections, spillway and outlet structures, closure section, reservation buildings and appurte- nances, relocation of Texas State Highway No. 8., United States Highway No. 59, and county roads; alteration of telephone facili- ties, REA powerlines, waterlines for Maud Water Co., and trans- mission lines. Clearing in the reservoir area and relocation of the St. Louis Southwestern Railway are 99 percent complete. Relocation of United States Highway No. 67 is 54 percent complete and con- struction of access roads is approximately 70 percent complete. The work remaining to complete the project, besides that which is under contract and in progress, consists of construction of public-use facilities and real estate activities, including acquisition of flowage easements below the dam. FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 627 The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $29,956,859 of which $29,800,355 was for new work and $156,503 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-...... $4,000,000 $4,974,000 $5,000,000$3,300,000 $5,000, 000 574,000 $32, -1,682,380 Cost--------------- 5,093,34710,203,395 5,422,0625,289,010 29,800,355 Maintenance: Appropriated -------------------------------------- 63,400 94,000 157,400 Cost------------- --------------------------------- 57,853 98,650 156,503 Otfher new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $49, 049 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ________________ 1, 226, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ________________________________ 1,275, 049 21. FERRELLS BRIDGE RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The work covered by this project is on Cypress Creek in Marion, Harrison, Upshur, Morris, Camp, and Titus Counties, Tex., 8 miles west of Jefferson, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam, 10,600 feet long and approxi- mately 80 feet high, and includes a 200-foot spillway with a capa- city of 68,200 cubic feet per second. The reservoir will control the runoff from 850 square miles of drainage area, and will have a gross storage capacity of 842,000 acre-feet, including 587,200 acre-feet of flood-control storage, 3,800 acre-feet of conservation storage, and 251,100 acre-feet for municipal and industrial water supply. The reservoir will extend 28 miles upstream. The proj- ect will afford substantial flood protection of Cypress Creek Valley from the dam site to confluence with the Red River and, together with the operation of the other reservoirs proposed in the Red River Basin, will provide flood protection along the main stem of the Red River below Denison Dam. The estimate of cost (revised in 1956) is $13,000,000 (Federal) and $2,000,000, contributed funds, a total of $15,000,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design, plans and specifications, design analysis, foundation and field investigations, laboratory tests, hydraulic studies, stream gaging, and real estate activities were carried on by hired labor with costs of $425,191, of which $344,499 was for real estate acti- vities, $6,525 was for work of the Waterways Experiment Station, $9,063 was for work by the Office of the Division Engineer, Lower 628 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Mississippi Valley Division, and $65,104 was for work by the New Orleans District, Corps of Engineers. Relocation of Farm-to-Market Road No. 726 and connecting county road (9.48 miles), initiated in previous fiscal year by con- tinuing contract, was completed on April 18, 1956. Alteration and rearrangement of gas pipeline and adjacent telephone line of the Arkansas-Louisiana Gas Co., commenced in previous fiscal year under lump-sum contract, was completed on December 9, 1955. Phase I, planning, for relocation and alteration of Texas State Highway No. 155 and Farm-to-Market Roads numbered 450 to 729, commenced in previous fiscal year under continuing, cost- reimbursable contract, was completed in February 1956, and Phase II, construction, was initiated on August 29, 1955, when work commenced by subcontract under prime contract with the Texas State Highway Department on relocation of Texas State Highway No. 155. This relocation was completed on April 9, 1956. Relocation of Farm-to-Market Road No. 729 was initiated on February 6, 1956, under same prime contract, and is 53 per- cent complete. The concrete riprap and substructure and ap- proach slabs for bridge at Hurricane Creek have been completed as well as the pouring and driving of concrete piles and two of the four pile cap bents poured for bridge at Johnson's Creek. All con- crete piling for Alley Creek bridge have been poured and embank- ment construction except tie-in at bridge at Alley Creek, was com- pleted. Riprap slope paving was initiated. The work on Farm- to-Market Road 450 is scheduled for accomplishment during the fiscal year 1957 by the Texas State Highway Department as only a small amount of riprap is required at three multiple culverts. The prime contract is 67 percent complete. Phase I, planning, for relocation and alteration of Texas State Highway No. 26 and Farm-to-Market Road No. 557, initiated in previous fiscal year under a continuing, cost-reimbursable contract was completed in March 1956, and Phase II, construction, com- menced on April 4, 1956, when relocation of Farm-to-Market Road No. 557 was initiated by subcontract under prime contract with the Texas State Highway Department. This relocation is 39 per- cent complete, with embankment construction and installation of culverts in progress. In June 1956 clearing was initiated on relocation of State Highway No. 26 under same prime contract and this work is 4 percent complete. The prime contract is 7 percent complete. Relocation of REA lines in connection with relocation of Farm- to-Market Roads numbered 557 and 729 is approximately 7 percent complete. Construction of Ferrells Bridge Dam and appurtenances was initiated under continuing contract on October 3, 1955, and is now 29 percent complete, with clearing, 98 percent complete; embank- ment construction, 37 percent complete; excavation for outlet structure, 99 percent complete; and excavation for spillway, 38 percent complete. A total of 1,854,165 cubic yards of compacted FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 629 fill was placed on maintenance road and in main embankment. Pouring of concrete in outlet structure is in progress with base pours completed from and including the intake all the way through the first monolith of the stilling basin. One conduit barrel has been completed and pouring of walls is in progress. Six relief wells were installed in the stilling basin. All reinforcing steel for outlet structure has been received. Cost charges of these contracts were: Relocation of roads $737, 033 Relocation and/or alteration of utilities_ 37, 800 Dam construction _ 1, 394, 990 Totals ____________ $2, 169, 823 The total costs for the fiscal year were $2,595,014 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction under the project commenced on January 10, 1955, and at the end of the fiscal year was 23 percent complete. The work remaining to complete the project, besides that which is under contract and in progress, consists of clearing, channel improvement, and construction of access roads, public-use facili- ties, and operator's quarters. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $3,495,110 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -...... - -$98,148 $160,000 -$18,000 $750,000 $2,450,000 $3,696,852 Cost ----------------- 46,751 86,062 50,136 409,047 2,595,014 3,495,110 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ $28, 888 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _________-4, 300,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- ______ 4, 328, 888 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ _ ____ _ _ _ _ 5, 003, 148 22. RED RIVER BELOW DENSION DAM, LEVEES AND BANK STABLIZATION (NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT) Location. The improvements covered by this project are lo- cated along both banks of Red River from the vicinity of Index, Tex., mile 497, to the latitude of Alexandria, La., mile 121 (1938 survey) on the north bank, and to the latitude of Boyce, La., mile 141, on the south bank. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for modi- fication as required of existing or authorized Federal and non- Federal levee improvements for conveyance of peak flows of the design flood with a minimum freeboard of 3 feet, except where a 3-foot superority for the "South Bank Red River Levee" is present- 630 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ly prescribed; and for extension of the channel stabilization pro- gram envisaged by the existing project, "Red River in the Vicinity of Shreveport, La.," by construction of bank-protection works at locations where levee setbacks are impossible or uneconomical, and to prevent the disruption to transportation facilities when threatened by caving banks, all between Denison Dam and the upper limit of the Mississippi River backwater, below which is under the jurisdiction of the Mississippi River Commission. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) The estimate of cost (approved in 1956) is $9,530,000. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to: (1) Pro- vide without cost to the United States the rights-of-way required for the work; (2) hold and save the United States free from dam- ages due to the construction of the works; and (3) maintain and operate the works after completion. Local interests have met the requirements on all work accomplished and have indicated their desire to comply with the requirements as needed, but have not been able to furnish all levee right-of-way needed to complete the levee phase of the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hydraulic studies, noncooperative stream gaging, preparation of operations manual, flood damage and other surveys, drafting, and preparation of plans and specifications for bank protection were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $40,056. Approximately 7,962 linear feet of standard board revetment and 2,630 linear feet of dikes were constructed by contract on Red River during the fiscal year as follows: Linear feet Location Period Accomplished Constructed Standard board revetment Lucas Bend, La., R-296.2-R ....... July 20 to October 1, 1955 2, 186 _--. Curtis, La., R-298.3--L _November 7, 1955 to February 25, 1956_____ _ 3, 649 Brownlee Bend, La., R-313.8-_ April 24 to June 30, 1956 (revet- (Continuing contract) _ -_ ment construction in prog- ress) _ 2,127 Pile dikes Honore Bend, La., D-308.9-L---- July 15 to October 11, 1955 ... 1, 730 Twelve Mile Bayou Bend, La., D-312.4-R _ __-__-_-_-April 8 to June 30, 1956 ....... 900 Work on contract for construction of 1,730 linear feet of dikes at Honore Bend, D-308.9-L, was commenced during the previous fiscal year; however, due to high river stages work was suspended until July 15, 1955, when pile dike construction was resumed. Dike construction at Twelve Mile Bayou Bend, La., D-312.4-R, is com- plete with capping of piles and placing of some ballast stone re- maining to complete the contract. Costs on these contracts amounted to $546,482. The total costs for the fiscal year were $586,538. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, on which construc- tion commenced on February 15, 1948, is 59 percent complete, with FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 631 approximately 57 miles of the left bank and 100 miles of the right bank levees improved, and 15,567 linear feet of dike and 27,759 linear feet of board revetment constructed. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $5,648,274 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --------........ $324,000 $565,000 $450,000 $525,000 $5,679,505 Cost --- - - $208,037 28,700 511,944 565,887 586,538 5,648,274 1 Includes $212,105 expended by Tulsa District for cost of index unit. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_______ $2, 963 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 575, 000 Unobligated balance available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___ 577, 963 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - 3,275, 495 23. BAYOU BODCAU RESERVOIR, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is in Red River Basin on Bayou Bodcad in Bossier Parish, La., 72 miles above the mouth of Loggy Bayou and 35 miles northeast of Shreveport, La. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam rising 76 feet above the stream- bed with a reservoir providing a flood-control storage capacity of 357,000 acre-feet. The outlet works are located in the south abutment, and an uncontrolled spillway is located on the north abutment. The reservoir will control 656 square miles, or 53 percent, of the entire drainage area of Bayou Bodcau. The construction of a floodway for the diversion of Bayou Bodcau and Cypress Bayou to improve flood protection was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. This authorization was modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, which authorized the construction of a reservoir and other flood- control works, in lieu of the construction of a floodway for the diversion of Bayou Bodcau and Cypress Bayou, La., to improve flood protection, and further modified by the War Department Civil Appropriation Act approved June 28, 1939, which provided that the reservoir and other flood-control works on Bayou Bodcau and Cypress Bayou, La., authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, shall be constructed in accordance with the revised plans and cost estimates in the Office, Chief of Engineers. The cost of constructing the project, completed in 1954, was $4,075,014. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. 632 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The latest published map is in House Document 378, 74th Con- gress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces carried on malaria control, noncooperative stream gaging, flood damage surveys, real estate activities, and maintenance of the reservoir at a cost of $9,196 for maintenance. Funds in the amount of $429 were transferred to the United States Weather Bureau as the project's pro-rata share of costs for operation of the cooperative hydrologic network. The total costs for the fiscal year were $9,625 for maintenance. Reservoir operations Storage (acre-feet) Inflow 1 Outflow 1 July 1, 1955--------_ ------------- -_-___-- 270 --- 10 June 30,1956_ 280 280------- - 20 10 Feb. 29, 1956 (maximum).. . 21,070 ---------------- 1,490 Feb. 11, 1956 (maximum) - - - - --.. 2,240 1 Cubic feet per second. Number of visitor-days of recreational use-8,000 (fiscal year 1956). Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was completed on November 21, 1950. Real estate activities were completed in 1954. Construction work was initiated on April 23, 1947, and on De- cember 1, 1948, the main dam and spillway were completed. . The outlet structure was constructed during the period April 8, 1948, to December 17, 1949, and on July 14, 1948, Bayou Bodcau was diverted from its natural bed and flowed through the outlet structure for the first time. Relocation and alteration of utilities and roads have been accomplished as follows: Alteration to pipeline, United Gas Pipe Line Commenced Completed Co. ---------- Oct. 6, 1947 June 29, 1948 Alteration of parish road and bridges------ Sept. 12, 1949 Aug. 24, 1950 Relocation of State Highway No. 70________ Oct. 25, 1949 Nov. 21, 1950 Anchoring of 7 bridges on State route No. 182 -------------------- Nov. 16, 1949 Nov. 26, 1949 Alteration to pipeline, Triangle Pipe Line Co. Nov. 20, 1949 Feb. 15, 1950 The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,143,905 of which $4,075,014 was for new work and $68,891 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated--------------............ -$345,125 - -- - -- $4,075,875 Cost_---------------- $81,255 20,545 $1,359 -$26-- 4,075,014 Maintenance: Appropriated 8,500 11,000 11,000 10,000 $9,400 68,900 Cost- 10,615 10,539 10,531 10,104 9,625 68,891 FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 633 24. WALLACE LAKE RESERVOIR, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is in Red River Basin on Cypress Bayou, Caddo, and De Soto Parishes, La., 66 miles above the mouth of Bayou Pierre and about 14 miles south- east of Shreveport, La. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam 4,940 feet long at the top, includ- ing 644 feet of spillway and outlet works, rising 48 feet above the streambed, with a reservoir providing for storage of 96,100 acre- feet, including a conservation pool of 7,800 acre-feet. The outlet works and uncontrolled spillway are centered about 1,250 feet north of the south abutment. The reservoir will control 260 square miles, or about 20 percent of the total drainage area of Bayou Pierre, Cypress Bayou, and tributaries combined, and will afford protection against floods for an area of about 90,000 acres of valley below the dam. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1955) is $1,151,500 for construction and $63,000 for preparation of land titles, a total of $1,214,500. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The latest publised map is in House Document No. 378, 74th Congress, 2d session. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, incorporated this project in the new project "Red River below Denison Dam." Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except for rendering assistance to Department of Justice representatives and Corps of Engineers' personnel in clearance of title, completion of con- demnation cases, finalizing right-of-way exchange agreements and subordination papers between the United States and owners of utility facilities and officials of parish and state agencies in connection with roads and highways. All lands (including fee areas), right-of-way, and flowage easements have been acquired and made available to the United States. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces continued processing of rights-of-way at a cost of $2,807 for new work, and carried on noncooperative stream gaging, flood damage surveys, and maintenance of the dam at a cost of $3,869 for maintenance. Funds in the amount of $683 and $280 were transferred to the United States Weather Bureau and the U. S. Geological Survey, respectively, for the project's pro-rata share of costs for operation of the cooperative hydrologic network and the stream-gaging program. The total costs for the fiscal year were $7,639, of which $2,807 was for new work and $4,832 for maintenance. 634 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Reservoir operations Storage (acre-feet) Inflow 1 Outflow 1 July 1,1955 ------ -------------------------- 7,860 80 20 June 30, 1956 ...------------------------------- 27,760 ..-------------------- Aug. 5, 1955 (maximum)---_ --------_-------- 48,300 2,340 Aug. 4, 1955 (maximum) --------------------------------------- 13,126 1 Cubic feet per second. 2 Estimated. Number of visitor-days of recreational use-15,000 (fiscal year 1956). Condition at end of fiscal year. All construction work on the project was completed on December 28, 1946; completion of processing of rights-of-way remains to complete the project. The main portion of the dam was constructed during the fiscal year 1943; the stabilization of the railroad embankment was accomplished during the period June 19 to November 20, 1946; and placing of fill in the closure section of the dam was ac- complished during the period November 24, to December 28, 1946. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,273,107, of which $1,202,207 was for new work and $70,892 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: $3,000 Appropriated..-------.... $10,000 $4,500 $1,500 $1,207 $1,202,207 Cost _----------------- 3,200 8,118 5,684 1,239 2,807 1,202,207 Maintenance: Appropriated ..-.... 6,500 8,000 6,800 7,000 4,700 71,000 6,670 Cost....----------------- 8,773 6,277 7,778 4,832 70,892 1 Fiscal year allotment from Office, Chief of Engineers, reserve to cover real estate work. 25. BAYOU PIERRE, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is in Red River Basin below Shreveport, La., along the channel of Bayou Pierre from its mouth at Grand Ecore, La., upstream to its confluence with Bayou Wincy, a distance of 30 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for widening of the channel at intervals, totaling 12.9 miles, and snagging of 29.7 miles. The project will reduce flood damage and improve sanitary and living conditions over a wide area. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.). The cost of constructing the project, completed in 1939, was $299,529. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The latest published map is in House Document No. 378, 74th Congress, 2d session. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 635 Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work under hired labor directive for clearing and snagging Bayou Pierre between miles 29.4 and 11.8, commenced in fiscal year 1953, was resumed on August 17, 1955, at mile 13.2, working downstream. When funds available for the fiscal year were exhausted on September 23, 1955, approximately 3.3 miles of the west bank and 1.5 miles of the east bank had been cleared and debris burned. Costs for this work for the fiscal year were $9,837 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. New work under the existing project was completed in the fiscal year 1939. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $425,679, of which $299,529 was for new work, including $38,529 from emergency relief funds, and $126,150 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated...----------------...............-------------------- ------------------------ $299,529 Cost_ -------------------------------------- _-_-_ 299,529 Maintenance: Appropriated-------_ $6,000 $29,574 $19,000 $5,000 $9,576 126,150 Cost__----------------- 6,904 18,559 26,714 11,797 9,837 126,150 1Includes $38,529 from emergency relief funds, new work. 26. NATCHITOCHES PARISH, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is on the south bank of Red River in Natchitoches and Rapides Parishes, La., between miles 160 and 202 above the mouth of Red River. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the raising and enlargement of the existing levee and the construction of new levee between the hills near Grand Ecore, La., at mile 202 above the mouth of Red River, and the hills below Cane River near its mouth at mile 160 above the mouth of Red River; the con- struction of a dam across Cane River near its mouth; the excava- tion of drainage canals for intercepted drainage; and a diversion channel from Cane River to Red Bayou, a distance of approxi- mately 5.5 miles, for protection of approximately 135,000 acres of land in the Cane Island area from Red River overflow. The exist- ing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.). The cost of constructing the project, completed in August 1955, was $1,529,927. In addition, $250,000 were expended from con- tributed funds for construction. The latest published may is in House Document No. 378, 74th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Noncooperative 636 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 stream gaging, preparation of operations and maintenance manuals, and flood damage surveys were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $7,172. Ditching for intercepted drainage and erosion control at four locations along the Cane River-Red Bayou diversion channel, commenced in previous fiscal year, was completed on August 17, 1955, with costs for this fiscal year of $22,006. The total costs for the fiscal year were $29,178 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project commenced in fiscal year 1938 and was completed on August 17, 1955, when the ditching for intercepted drainage and erosion control were completed. Cane River-Red Bayou diversion chan- nel was completed with the excavation of 4.26 miles of diversion channel and the enlargement of 1.27 miles of Red Bayou. An earth dam was constructed across Cane River. The total Government costs for new work to the end of the fiscal year were $1,529,927. In addition, costs from contributed funds amounted to $250,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ... $360,000 $348,000 $349,000 - .$1,539,000 Cost ---------------- 37,623 88,590 485,190 $146,582 $29,178 1,529,927 1 In addition, $250,000 was expended for contributed funds. 27. ALOHA-RIGOLETTE AREA, GRANT AND RAPIDS PARISHES, LA. Location. The work covered by this project lies on the left bank of Red River in Grant and Rapides Parishes, between miles 125 and 171 above the mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for pro- tection of some 46,000 acres of alluvial plain in the Aloha-Rigo- lette area, now subject to overflow by Red River waters, by en- larging and raising the existing levee from mile 151 to mile 141, and extending it to the hills on the left bank of Bayou Rigolette. Interior drainage, intercepted by levee construction, is to be channeled to and through Bayou Rigolette to a sump and a flood- gate system in the levee at Bayou Rigolette, by construction of a diversion ditch from Bayou Darrow to Saline Bayou, and fills at head of Bayou Darrow, and channel clearing of Bayou Rigolette and portions of Waden and Saline Bayous. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, which modified the project for Grant Parish below Colfax, La., as authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, to provide for construction of the above described works. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 637 The cost of constructing the project, completed in 1955, was $1,653,237. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces carried on noncooperative stream gaging and made a condition check survey of the structure, all at a cost of $1,386 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction under the project commenced on June 3, 1948, and was completed on April 22, 1955, with approximately 18 miles of new levee and 4 miles of riverside enlargement constructed. Bayou Darrow was separated from Bayou Rigolette and its flow diverted into Saline Bayou through the diversion ditch, which was excavated during the period June 28 to November 6, 1948. Bridges at miles 0.40, 2.05, and 4.1, over the diversion ditch were completed during the period October 4, 1948, to May 24, 1949, and 33.30 miles of waterway were cleared during the period July 16, 1948, to Februray 18, 1950. Bayou Darrow closures were effected during the period May 16 to August 22, 1949, and Bayou Rigolette floodgate was con- structed during the period July 8, 1953, to April 2, 1954. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,653,237 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _ $186,550 $146,936 _$1,653,386 Cost___ $32,159 -4,676 408,445 $17,414 $1,386 1,653,237 28. BAYOU TECHE AND VERMILION RIVER, LA. Location. Bayou Teche has its source in Bayou Courtableau, in St. Landry Parish, and flows in a southeasterly direction a dis- tance of 125 miles to its confluence with the lower Atchafalaya River, about 101/2 miles above Morgan City, La. Vermilion River, also called Bayou Vermilion, is formed by the junction of Bayous Fusilier and Bourbeau, west of Arnaudville, La., and flows in a southwesterly direction to the western end of Vermilion Bay, a distance of 72 miles. Bayou Teche is connected with the Ver- milion River by Bayou Fusilier at Arnaudville; and by Ruth Canal, an artificial, privately owned, nonnavigable waterway, constructed for diversion of water from Bayou Teche to Ver- milion River for rice irrigation. (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Charts Nos. 1116 and 1277; Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley maps; and U. S. Geological Survey maps.) Existing project. This provides for the excavation of a navi- gable channel (51 miles long) 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide from the 8-foot depth contour in Vermilion Bay to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, thence 9 feet deep by 100 feet wide from the Gulf 638 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Intracoastal Waterway to Lafayette, La. (fixed bridge at Louisi- ana State Highway No. 1092), with additional enlargement below Abbeville necessary to provide adequate capacity for flood flows; improvement of Vermilion River from Lafayette, La., mile 52.0, to its junction with the lower end of Ruth Canal, miles 57.2, by both widening and deepening so as to provide a channel of 60-foot bottom width at minus 6.0 feet, mean Gulf level, in order to pro- vide adequate capacity for flood discharges from the upper Ver- milion River Basin, and also serve irrigation interests by conduct- ing the flow of Ruth Canal to the lower Vermilion River during the rice season. Clearing and enlargement of the channel from Ruth Canal to Bayou Fusilier by both widening and deepening so as to provide a cross-section approximately 50 percent larger than that of the existing channel. This improvement is required in the interest of flood control in the upper Vermilion Basin. Enlargement of the channel of Bayou Teche from it head in Bayou Courtableau to a point approximately 21 miles downstream thereof, by widening and deepening so as to provide a channel of 35-foot bottom width at minus 2 and minus 3, mean Gulf level. Increasing the height of Keystone Dam from its present crest elevation of 8.0 feet, above mean low Gulf, by 3 feet (later revised to 1.5 feet) by the installation of movable crest gates. (See indi- vidual report of navigation project for Bayou Teche, La.) In connection with the improvements outlined above, the project provides for replacement of an existing pontoon bridge at Woodlawn on the navigable portion of Vermilion River with a vertical-lift structure. Relative minor work, consisting of lengthening and strengthening of approaches, is required on five existing movable bridges over Vermilion River below Lafayette, La., located at Louisiana State Highway No. 43 at Perry, La.; Southern Pacific Railroad at Abbeville, La.; Louisiana State Highway No. 25 at Abbeville, La.; Milton, La.; and U. S. Highway No. 90 (Pinhook Bridge) just below Lafayette, La. Similar work on existing fixed spans over nonnavigable streams is pro- vided for on 11 bridges over Bayou Vermilion above Lafayette, La., and 3 over upper Bayou Teche. The estimate of cost for new work (approved in 1956) is $2,912,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate of Federal cost of annual maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941 (S. Doc. 93, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which also contains the latest published map). Local cooperation. Fully complied with for new work. Final acquisition of the rights-of-way for future maintenance by formal acts of conveyance is in process and local interests have completed acquisition of approximately 70 percent of rights-of- way required for maintenance. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor con- FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 639 tinued acquisition of rights-of-way at a cost of $83 for new work and continued noncooperative stream-gaging operations, prepared an operations and maintenance manual, and made flood-damage surveys, all at a cost of $8,672 for maintenance. The total cost for the fiscal year were $8,755, of which $83 was for new work and $8,672 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project on which con- struction commenced on March 20, 1944, is now approximately 99 percent complete. Channel improvements on Vermilion River consisted of con- structing an 8- by 80-foot channel from the 8-foot depth contour in Vermilion Bay to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway; a 9- by 100- foot channel from Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to mile 52 (it was necessary to redredge Vermilion River channel between miles 36.9 and 46.0 during the fiscal year 1953, to reestablish project di- mensions, due to sedimentation caused by deposits from tributary streams excavated by local interests) ; and a 6- by 60-foot channel from mile 52 to mile 57.4. Channel enlargement was accom- plished between miles 3.5 and 17.5 and 57.4 and 76.21. Clearing and snagging was accomplished in Bayou Fusilier and Bayou Vermilion between miles 67.7 and 79, and an earth dike was con- structed in Bayou Fusilier. The channel of Bayou Teche was improved between miles 103.8 and 124.8. A new bridge was con- structed over Vermilion River at Woodlawn, the bridge at Milton was reconstructed; modification of bridges over Vermilion River above Lafayette, La., of fixed spans over upper Bayou Teche, of railroad bridge numbered 3.78, and of Louisiana State Highway bridges numbered 988 over Bayou Vermilion and 245 over Bayou Fusilier has been accomplished; the bridge at Pinhook was altered, and riprap was placed to insure bridge against possible damage by bank caving; and excavation and riprapping was per- formed in the vicinity of Southern Pacific Railroad bridge, Lafayette, La. Local interests have constructed improvements in Ruth Canal. Work remaining to complete the project consists of raising the crest of Keystone Dam, a feature of the River and Harbor project "Bayou Teche, La.," to provide an increase of 1.5 feet in the pool elevation above Keystone Dam, in order to increase the flow through Ruth Canal into Vermilion River, and miscellaneous minor items. This work will be accomplished in connection with the modification of Keystone Dam under the Bayou Teche, La., project. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, Vermilion River, were: (June 1956) Over bar, 6 feet; to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, 10 feet; (October 1955) to Abbeville, 11 feet; to mile 49, 7 feet; and to highway bridge at Lafayette (mile 50.9), 5 feet, except a plug 600 feet long about one mile below the bridge, 3.5 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $3,176,970, of which $2,891,922 was for new work and $285,048 for maintenance. 640 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ______ _- - - - -- --------- $2,892,000 Cost---------------- $29,383 $165,170 $3,450 $161 $83 2,891,922 Maintenance: Appropriated-------.. 89,000 53,225 39,600 5,000 8,500 285,325 Cost..----------------- 18,848 126,501 39,263 4,687 8,672 285,048 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ___- __ $20, 000 29. MERMENTAU RIVER, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is located 35 to 70 miles southeast of Lake Charles, La., along the lower Mermentau River below Grand Lake, mile 25, to the Gulf of Mexico; the In- land Waterway from Vermilion Bay to White Lake, White Lake to Grand Lake, and from Schooner Bayou to the Intracoastal Waterway-Gulf section (Schooner Bayou cutoff); the North Prong of Schooner Bayou; and the waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La., an artificial canal, extending from the 5-foot- depth contour in White Lake, almost due south for a distance of approximately 1.8 miles to Pecan Island. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1277 and 1278, and U. S. Geological Survey maps.) Previous project. Authorized by Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. For further details, see page 1034 of Annual Report for 1946. Existing project. The plan of improvement covers flood con- trol, navigation, irrigation, and salinity control in the coastal marsh of the lower Mermentau River Basin and provides for channel enlargement of the lower Mermentau River below Grand Lake, mile 25, to a minimum section of 3,000 square feet below mean low Gulf level for discharge of floodflows; construction of a sector gated control structure at Catfish Point, mile 24 above mouth of Mermentau River for discharge of floodflows and control of tidal flows and salt-water intrusion in the Mermentau River; channel enlargement and realinement of the Inland Waterway from Vermilion Bay to White Lake, 12.04 miles, and from White Lake to Grand Lake, 6.14 miles, to a minimum section of 3,000 square feet below mean low Gulf level or interflow between lakes and discharge of floodflows; construction of a sector gated con- trol structure in the enlarged channel immediately north of the abandoned Schooner Bayou lock reservation for discharge of floodflows and control of tidal flows and salt-water intrusion; channel enlargement of North Prong of Schooner Bayou and Schooner Bayou cutoff, 6.69 miles, to 6 by 60 feet, mean low Gulf level, for navigation purposes; and maintenance of the existing 5- by 40-foot, mean low Gulf level, waterway from White Lake to FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 641 Pecan Island, La., 1.8 miles long, for navigation. In addition, the project provides for the incorporation of that section of the project, "Inland Waterway from Franklin, La., to Mermentau River," west of Vermilion Bay, a waterway that included the Schooner Bayou lock. Because of the failure of both east and west gates, Schooner Bayou lock has been closed by a dike across the east approach channel and traffic has been routed through the new control structure. Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide on the Mermentau River near the mouth is 1.6 feet and near the head about 3 inches. The variation of the water surface near the mouth may be as much as 7 or 8 feet, due to hurricanes on the Gulf, and near the head from 8 to 12 feet, due to freshets. The estimate of cost for new work (approved in 1956) is $4,632,400. The latest (1955 ) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $93,600. The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 18, 19411 Channel enlargement, lower Mermentau River, S. Doc. 94, 77th Cong., 1st sess. from mile 15 to the Gulf of Mexico; and construc- tion of a lock and control spillway at Catfish Point, mile 24. s July 24, 19462 Channel enlargement: lower Mermentau River be- S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess. low Grand Lake, mile 25; construction of a gated control structure at or near Grand Cheniere, mile 7; channel enlargement and realinement of Inland Waterway from Franklin, La., to Mermentau River, La., from Vermilion Bay to White Lake, via new channel, and from White Lake to Grand Lake; channel enlargement of North Prong of Schooner Bayou; construction of a gated control structure in the new channel near Schooner Bayou lock; and inclusion of the project: "Waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La." and the portion of the project "Inland Waterway from Franklin, La., to the Mermentau River" west of Vermilion Bay in the modified project "Mermentau River, La." 1Flood Control Act. 2 River and Harbor Act. 3 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor ac- complished acquisition of rights-of-way at a cost of $321 for new work and carried on reconnaissance surveys, engineering studies, noncooperative stream-gaging, and flood-damage surveys at a cost of $20,911 for maintenance. Maintenance funds in the amount of $536 and $1,000 were transferred to the United States Weather Bureau and the U. S. Geological Survey, respectively, as the projects's pro-rata share of costs for the operation of the cooperative hydroclimatic network and the cooperative stream-gaging program. Schooner Bayou and Catfish Point control structures were operated as required during the fiscal year to conserve fresh water by maintenance of normal lake stages and to prevent un- controlled tidal inflow during the rice irrigation season; to release 642 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 promptly flood waters during abnormal stages; and to limit mini- mum stages in interest of navigation. The costs were $33,192 and $27,425, respectively, for the operation of Schooner Bayou and Catfish Point control structures. The total costs for the fiscal year were $83,385, of which $321 was for new work, $22,447 for maintenance, and $60,617 for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, on which work commenced April 21, 1947, was completed July 10, 1952, except real estate activities. New work dredging on the existing project was accomplished during the period April 21, 1947, to June 21, 1952. Catfish Point control structure was constructed during the period November 6, 1948, to August 16, 1951. The reservation comprises 9.7 acres. Schooner Bayou lock and control structures: Schooner Bayou lock and dam were completed in 1913 and 1914, respectively, and the lockmaster's house in 1917. The lock was closed to naviga- tion May 7, 1951, and abandoned by authority of the Chief of Engineers on October 9, 1951. Permanent closure of the lock channel and tie-in dikes was completed on September 22, 1951. Construction of the control structure and dikes was accom- plished during the period August 8, 1949, to May 22, 1951. The reservation comprises 6.9 acres. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: (October 1955) Mermentau River: Over bar, 6 feet; to Upper Mud Lake, 9 feet; through Upper Mud Lake, 8 feet; to Catfish Point, 9 feet; to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Grand Lake, 6 feet. Inland Waterway from Franklin to the Mermentau River: Gulf Intra- coastal Waterway through Cutoff Canal, 7 feet; to Schooner Bayou Control Structure, 13 feet; to White Lake, 14 feet; over bar in White Lake, 4 feet; to Grand Lake (new cut), 8 feet; over bar, 4 feet; North prong of Schooner Bayou (March 1952): Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to Schooner Bayou, 8 feet; at centerline, 6 by 60 feet; Waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La. (October 1955) : Over bar, 1 foot; to Pecan Island, 4 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $5,113,793, of which $4,631,910 was for new work, $148,314 for maintenance, and $333,569 for operating and care, including $13,163, river and harbor funds. In addition, $2,000 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 643 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ._ ... $707,000 -$362, 593 _ $4,632,400 Cost_ 342,724 29,167 $1,461 $3,686 321 4,631,910 Maintenance: Appropriated________ 80,000 91,201 62,600 54,000 80,000 481,964 Cost_________________ 80,585 78,856 87,087 52,895 83,064 481,883 1 In addition, $2,000 expended from contributed funds for maintenance. 2 Includes $13,163 of river and harbor funds for maintenance. 30. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Hempstead County levee district No.1,1 Ark.l_ 1941 $88,006 (2) 2. Cooper Reservoir and Channels, Tex. ____ ' - (4) 3 12,526,400 3. Maniece Bayou, Ark.'_ (4) 138,000 4. McKinney Bayou and Barkman Creek, Tex. and Ark.'______-_-_ __ _________ (4) 1,180,000 5. Posten Bayou, Ark. and La.1' -_ ____ (4) 460,000 6. Mooringsport Reservoir, La.-- ..... ..... 1951 69,008 5 11,130,992 7. Black Bayou Reservoir, La. 6______________ 1945 714,000 8. Red River in the vicinity of Shreveport, La.l_ 1953 3,908,000 (2) 9. Red River Parish, La.l_______---- 1939 149,435 (2) 10. Bayou Bodcau, Red Chute, and Loggy Bayou, La.' _ 1948 319,200 (2) 11. Bayou Pierre in the vicinity of Shreveport, La.1 1951 7243,336 (2) 12. Colfax, Grant Parish, La. 8__ _ ____ 1938 70,348 (2) 13. Grant Parish below Colfax, La. _ - 1941 38,809 (2) 14. Pineville, Red River, La. l_-_ ___________ 1953 232,426 (2) 15. Saline Point, La.' - - 1945 124,111 (2) 16. Small flood-control projects under authority of sec. 205 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 30, 1948, as amended __ 1954 217,109 1 Incorporated in the project "Red River below Denison Dam." 2 Completed. 3 In addition $1,173,600 will be spent from contributed funds for Cooper Reservoir and channels. 4Work not initiated. 6Work not started; deferred for restudy. 6 Inactive; latest cost estimate revision, 1954. SIn addition, $89,047 was expended from contributed funds. 8 Completed under provisions of sec. 7 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, as amended by sec. 9 of the Flood Control Act approved June 15, 1936, and included in 1939 Annual Report of the presi- dent, Mississippi River Commission, p. 2214. 31. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Inspection of completed flood-control structures was made in the Arkansas, Middle Red River, and Shreveport sectors, to deter- mine the condition of these structures and the need for future repairs. The costs were $2,000. 644 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-------------------- $3,000 $4,300 -$2,516 $2,000 $9,534 Cost ----------------- $15 2,662 3,075 235 2,000 9,534 32. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency flood-control activities--Repair and flood fighting and rescue work. (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legisla- tion.) Reproduction in connection with plans and specifications for work in Hopkins County Levee District No. 3 amounted to $22 for maintenance by hired labor. During the period December 7, 1955, to April 19, 1956, approxi- mately 3.65 miles of levee enlargement were constructed by con- tract at Hopkins County Levee Improvement District No. 3, Item SS-22.7-R, South Sulphur River, with costs of $22,764 for maintenance. The total costs for the fiscal year were $22,786 for maintenance. The total costs to June 30, 1956, under this authority were $9,793,310, of which $2,254,230 was for new work and $7,539,080 for maintenance. In addition $71,500 was expanded from con- tributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-- -----....... ...------------------------.........------------........------------.. $2,254,230 Cost ..------------------- ------------ 2,254,230 Maintenance: Appropriated...... $233,500 $50,000 $85,890 $32,251 -$9,545 7,540, 770 Cost ---------------- 336,179 128,672 134,683 21,166 22,786 7,539,080 1 In addition $71,500 expended from contributed funds for maintenance. Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act.) The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, as amended, authorizes an allotment of not to exceed $2,000,000 from flood control appropriations for any one fiscal year for the removal of accumulated snags and other debris, and clearing and straighten- ing the channel in navigable streams and tributaries thereof, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such work is ad- visable in the interests of flood control:. Provided, That not more than $100,000 shall be expended for this purpose for any single tributary from the appropriations for any one fiscal year. During the fiscal year the following work was accomplished: FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 645 Surveys, mapping, and engineering and design were carried on by hired labor with costs of $2,703 for new work. Approximately 65,900 cubic yards were removed from Jour- nigan Creek, Texas, in alining and enlarging the main channel above the Texas and New Orleans (Missouri Pacific) Railroad bridge, over a distance of 4.79 miles and West Fork channel for a distance of 2 miles. The channel was cleared over a distance of approximately 7.25 miles. This work was accomplished by con- tract during the period August 22 to December 5, 1955. During the period December 12, 1955, to May 3, 1956, approximately 5.78 miles of the channel and banks of Little Tangipahoa River in vicinity of Magnolia, Pike County, Miss., were cleared and snagged by contract. The costs for this new work were $48,907. The total costs for the fiscal year were $51,610 for new work. To date, the following work has been completed under this authorization in the New Orleans District: Improvement Completion Item (miles) date Cost Barkman Creek, Tex.: Clearing and snagging--------- ----- -- --- 0.06- 5.2 Excavation .... ... ... .. ... ... ... .. ... .. 0.0 - 0.06 }August 1949 -..... $60,357 5.2 - 8.69 Bayou des Cyprairres, La., channel enlargement, excava- tion ----------------------- 5.4 November 1953.._ 42,498 Bayou Francois, La., clearing and snagging_ .---.- . 0- 8.26 April 1948 _______ 13,500 Bayou Gallon, La., clearing and snagging- 10-18.32 September 1947 25,501 Bayou L'Eau Bleu, excavation __-------------------- 3.16-11.5 September 1948____ 44,081 Bayou Vincent: Excavation-.....................----------- 0.0048- .35 December 1947_ Clearing and snagging --------------------- 13,000 Brush Bayou, channel improvement and realinement . 0- 4.35 December 1953_- 48,317 Cane Creek: Excavation (122,846 cubic yards) 2.39-3.00 3.90- 4.75 Clearing and snagging- 3.00- 3.90 August 1950 .... 4.75-5.45 Denton Creek_ 0.00-0.70 37,645 Realinement (25,763 cubic yards).--------------- 3.14- 3.90 November 1950____ Day Creek, Tex., and Ark., channel improvement and realinement .................. _._.__._.. 3.7 1 October 1953 ...- 29,622 Journigan Creek, Tex., alining and enlarging: Main channel . 4.79 W est Fork channel............................... 2.0 December 1955.... 25,438 Clearing --------------------------------- 7.25 Little Cypress River, Tex.l_ ___-------------------- January 1951 - --- 12,626 Little Tangipahoa River, Miss., clearing and snagging___ 5.78 May 1956 28,648 Mustang Creek: Excavation__ 29.39-25.60 May 1948 __.1 Clearing and snagging. _.. .. .................... 25,000 Excavation__--- 25.60-19.90 July 1948 _____ . J 25.60-23.47 November 1952 - 17,033 Natalbany River, La.: 14.95-12.54 Excavation- Clearing and snagging.... { 12.45-11.93 12.54-12.45 }March 1953_.... 49,480 Excavation............................. 10.00-11.49 21.564 Clearing------------------------------- 10.00-10.23 October 1954.... New River: Excavation... 0.00- 2.22 April 1948_ Clearing and snagging--. - - 5.00-11.50 June 1948 -. Ponchatoula Creek, clearing and snagging _ - -_ 3.8 - 7.09 May 1949... Posten Bayou, La., and Ark.: Clearing and snagging ------------------ 8.76-12.17 Excavation (202,450 cubic yards) 2.20- 4.60 April 1951_________ 46,021 -- - 7.38-8.76 Selsers Creek, La., clearing and snagging-... Sulphur River, Tex., 3.14 miles...______________ - 0.415 July 1950 _________ 185-195 October 1952 -.. 4,958 46,082 Swan Lake, Ark., clearing, snagging, and channel enlarge- ment... ____.____------------------------ (2) 2,200 Wallace Bayou, La., clearing and snagging --------.- 0.0 - 3.2 September 1951 .... 11,502 Yellow Water River, La., clearing and snagging........ 0.0 - 2.75 October 1950 _-__ 3,136 I 646 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 l Due to high stages on Little Cypress River, it was necessary to terminate contract covering this work by supplemental agreement on Jan. 18, 1951. 2 The work on Swan Lake was advertised on Oct. 30, 1947; however, the bids were canceled and this work was accomplished with that done on Red River levees below Denison Dam. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $650,323. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --_ . - $122,010 $87,877 -$6,562 $80,000 -$22,343 $655,088 Cost__ ____ _________ 31,797 100,395 104,885 24,189 51,610 650,323 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____________ _$4, 765 Emergency bank protection Section 14 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the allotment from flood-control appropriations of not to exceed $1,000,000 per year for construction of emergency bank-protection works to prevent flood damages to highways, bridge approaches, and public works, when, in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers, such work is advisable: Provided, That not more than $50,000 shall be allotted for this purpose at any single locality from appro- priations for any 1 fiscal year. Construction of 1,100 linear feet of pile dikes at Garland City, Lafayette County, Ark., Item D-523.3-L, on which bank grading had been initiated in the previous fiscal year, was completed on September 21, 1955, with costs of $90,627 for new work. Hired labor carried on engineering and design for this pile dike con- struction; accomplished engineering and design, surveys, plans and specifications for bank protection at Grand Ecore, La.; and made a beach erosion survey at Grand Isle for the State of Louisiana, all at a cost of $6,848 for new work. The total costs for the fiscal year for new work were $97,475, of which $64,813 was from contributed funds. The total costs under this authorization to the end of the fiscal year were $523,047, including $179,951 from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated $90, 287 $42, 809 -$50,000 $343,096 Cost .-- 98,599 47,671 ---------- 17,338 $32,662 343,096 GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 647 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated--------------------... $65,138 ----... . $70,000 $10,000 $195,138 Cost _ - $16,978 70,000 . . 64,813 179,951 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---- _--- $16, 140 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -- 300, 915 33. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs of work during the fiscal year were $88,821 of which $37,013 was for navigation studies; $38,366 was for flood-control studies; and $13,442 was for special studies (hurricane studies and Arkansas-White-Red River report). The unexpended bal- ance was $12,314 and there were no accounts receivable, and no accounts payable. The unexpended balance plus an additional sum of $226,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1957 as follows: Examination and Surveys: Navigation studies_ $46, 035 Flood-control studies 73, 710 Special studies 118, 569 Total $238, 314 34. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The cost of work during the year was $3,350 for storm studies of the unprecendented rainfall of April-May 1953. The unex- pended balance of $169 will be expended in fiscal year 1957 for continuation of storm studies. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT The district comprises a very small portion of southwestern Tennessee, western Mississippi, southern Arkansas, and north- eastern Louisiana as embraced in the drainage basins of the eastern tributaries of the Mississippi River south of Horn Lake Creek to and including Buffalo River, and of the western tribu- taries from and including the Arkansas River from a point 3 miles upstream from Pine Bluff, and the Ouachita and Black Rivers and tributaries in Arkansas and Louisiana. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Arkansas River and tributa- 8. Bayou Bartholomew, Ark. and ries, Ark. and Okla------ 649 La___--------------------- 663 2. Ouachita and Black Rivers, 9. Bawcomville, La------------663 Ark. and La _-------------- 649 10. Big Black River, Miss ..------- 664 3. Other authorized navigation 11. Homochitto River, Miss------ 665 projects-----------------654 12. Other authorized flood-control projects______________ 666 Flood Control 13. Flood-control work under spe- cial authorization- -------. 666 4. Ouachita River and tributa- ries, Ark. and La----------655 General Investigations 5. Blakely Mountain Dam on Ouachita River, Ark------- 658 14. Examinations and surveys.. 667 6. Little Missouri River Basin, 15. Research and development-.._ 667 Ark_------------ 659 7. Calion, Ouachita River, Ark_ 662 1. ARKANSAS RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARK. AND OKLA. A consolidated report on this project for the Vicksburg, Little Rock, and Tulsa Districts, submitted by the Little Rock District, Southwestern Division, is on page 819. 2. OUACHITA AND BLACK RIVERS, ARK. AND LA. Location. Ouachita River rises in Polk County, Ark., and flows about 600 miles in a general southeasterly and southerly direction through Arkansas and Louisiana. It is joined by the Tensas and Little Rivers at Jonesville, La., below which place it is called Black River, and enters Red River 35.5 miles above its mouth. (See Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army alluvial valley map and Moro Bay, Ingalls, Strong, Felsen- thal, Haile, Drew, Monroe, Columbia, Fort Necessity, Harrison- burg, Manifest, Tooleys, and Deer Park quadrangle maps), also folio of maps of the Ouachita-Black Rivers, Ark., and La., from Blakely Mountain Reservoir to Mississippi River including Old River and portion of Red River, scale 1: 62,500. Previous projects. The project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1871, June 10, 1872, August 14, 1876, and July 5, 1884. A separate project for work in the Ouachita River between Camden and Arkadelphia was adopted by the 649 650 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 River and Harbor Act of August 11, 1888. For further details, see page 1869 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 900 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a navigable depth of 61/2 feet at low water from the mouth of Black River, La., to Camden, Ark., a distance of 351 miles, by the construction of 6 locks and dams, with necessary dredging, and for removal of logs, wrecks and overhanging trees, etc., between mouth of Black River and Arkadelphia, Ark., 417 miles, and for a channel 7 feet deep and of suitable width from the improved channel of the Ouchita River above dam No. 6 to the vicinity of the railroad bridge over Lake St. Mary, thence a canal of the same depth and 70 feet in width along the south side of the railroad embankment to high ground with a suitable turning basin near Felsenthal, a distance of 3,600 feet. The project also provides for operation and care of all locks and dams included therein. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, authorized the modification of the existing project and the project for the Red River below Fulton, Ark., to provide a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the authorized 9-foot navigation project at mile 31 on the Red River to the mouth of Black River at mile 35.5, thence from the mouth of Black River to Camden, Ark., mile 351 on the Ouachita River, to be obtained by lengthening and deepening the 6 existing locks, channel realinement cutoffs where necessary, re- habilitation of the dams, dredging and contraction works, in- cluding the deepening of the Felsenthal Canal below the previous- ly authorized depth. The location and description of the locks and dams which are included in the project are contained in the table following: Locks and dams, Ouachita River, Ark. and La. Greatest Depth Distance Above Width avail- Lift Eleva- on Year Year from mouth of able at tion miter Character Kind opened of No. Location nearest of lock length low normal sill at of founda- of dam Type of construction to com- Cost town Black chamber for full water pool normal tion navi- pletion River width surface pool gation of lock level Miles Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet M.S.L. 2 Harrisonburg, La ----- 0.1 73.3 55 268 14.4 21.5 6.9 Piling in Movable_ Concrete Poiree need- 1918 1921 $470,395 clay. le dam; steel miter- ing lock gates. 3 Riverton, La - _------ 2.0 134.0 55 268 14.8 36.2 6.5 Piling in do - do ..----- -- 1919 1920 681,073 O sand. 4 Monroe, La _ _ ___--__ 4.0 178.1 55 268 8.9 44.9 6.5 ___do -_ - . do - ----- do _- .------ 1915 1915 11,225,813 5 Sterlington Reach, La_ 0.6 208.3 55 268 6.9 51.7 6.6 Piling in ..... do -- Concrete Chanoine 1924 1926 901,096 clay. wicket dam; steel mitering gates. 6 Near Felsenthal, Ark__ 3.3 238.7 55 268 9.7 61.6 7.6 Piling in ----.do - .. do_ -------- 1913 1923 2 914,845 - sand. 8 Near Calion, Ark .. -- 10.5 297.5 55 268 13.5 75.1 6.5 Piling in -- do-.. _ -. do -- - -.- 1912 1926 3 915,446 clay. 0/ I I I 1 Includes cost of original structure completed in 1915 at a cost of $641,630. Dam 2 Includes cost of original structure to June 30, 1919 ($559,539), and the cost of modifi- failed Aug. 10, 1917, and was rebuilt 1918-22 at a cost of $584,183 under permanent indefi- cations to permit elimination of lock and dam 7 ($355,305). nite appropriation for operating and care of canals. Type of dam now is concrete Poiree 3 Includes actual cost of original structure to June 30, 1919 ($592,922) and the cost of needle pass and Chanoine wicket weir. modification to permit elimination of locks and dams 7 and 9 ($322,524). H H 02 652 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Floods ordinarily caused fluctuations of stage from 25 to 45 feet between high and low water. Extreme floods occasionally in- crease this range about 10 feet. The latest approved (1956) estimate of cost is $21,700,000 for construction and $500,000 for annual maintenance, including $200,000 for operation and care of locks and dams. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1871 Open-channel work from Arkadelphia to the mouth. - H. Ex. Doc. 60 pt. 4, 41st Cong., 3d sess., Annual Report 1876, p. 336. July 5, 1884 Extension of open-channel work into Black River ___ Annual Report, 1883, p. 1155. June 13, 1902 Construction of locks and dams 4 and 6 (canalization Specified in act. work based on report contained in H. Doc. 448, 57th Cong., 1st sess.; Annual Report 1905, p. 1435). Mar. 2, 1907 Construction of locks and dams 2 and 8; elimination Do. from the plan of lock and dam 1. June 25, 1910 Obtaining sites for locks and dams 3 and 7...-----------. Do. July 25, 1912 Construction of locks and dams 3 and 7___________ Do. Aug. 8, 1917 Construction of lock and dam 5-______-----___-_ Do. Mar. 2, 1919 Modification of locks and dams 6 and 8 by raising Rivers and Harbors Committee their pool levels which with dredging obviates the Doc. 7, 65th Cong., 2d sess. necessity for constructing locks and dams 7 and 9. June 26, 19341 Operating and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 26, 1937 For the 7-foot channel and construction of a canal Senate committee 2 print, 75th 3,600 feet long to Felsenthal, Ark. Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Modification of local cooperation by elimination of H. Doc. 104, 76th Cong., 1st sess. requirement for provision of highway from main highway system to the canal terminal, for Felsen- thal Canal. 2 May 17, 1950 Modification of existing project to provide for 9-foot S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess. channel and deepening of canal to Felsenthal, Ark. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 This document contains published maps. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to give assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and overflow and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction of the project and subsequent maintenance as and when required; bear the cost of alteration or replacement of existing highway bridges where necessary; provide adequate terminal and transfer facilities, open to all on equal terms; and hold and save the United States free from damage due to the con- struction works. Fully complied with for completed portions of the project. Terminal facilities. At Camden, Ark., there is a privately owned loading dock with a gasoline-operated crane. At Calion, Ark., there is a privately-owned conveyor and dock for unloading logs. At Champagnolle Landing there is a privately owned dock for the loading of gasoline into barges, and a privately owned dock for unloading liquid sulfur from barges and loading petro- leum into barges. At Sterlington, La., there is a private loading dock for loading chemicals. At West Monroe, La., there is one privately owned warehouse. Terminal facilities are being ex- panded as required to meet the need of barge traffic. RIVERS AND HARBORS-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 653 Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance engineer- ing and design for the modified project was commenced. Main- tenance dredging was done in the channel of the stream at 34 locations between Camden, Ark., and the mouth of Black River. At total of 609,684 cubic yards of material was moved by the U. S. cutterhead dredge No. 2. The six locks and dams were operated and maintained through- out the fiscal year by hired labor. Cost of advance engineering and design during the fiscal year was $50,000 for new work. The total cost of maintenance was $480,163, of which $267,310 was for maintenance dredging, and $212,853 was for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project providing for a depth of 6.5 feet has been completed and is being maintained. New work under the modified project has not been started. The six locks and dams embraced in the existing project for slack-water improvement of the Ouachita River were completed in 1924 and provide navigation to Camden, Ark. (See table under existing project.) Construction of the canal to Felsenthal, authorized in 1937, has not been started. The head of navigation is Arkadelphia, Ark., to which point boats may occasionally run during high water if snags, overhang- ing trees, or similar obstructions do not interfere. From Janu- ary to June the gage at Monroe generally exceeds pool stage (13.3 feet), caused by the river above, and minimum depths exceeding 7 feet are usual between the mouth of Black River and Camden, Ark., a distance of 351 miles. At intervals during this period, the reading of the Camden gage exceeds 15 feet, and minimum depths of 7 feet may be expected between Camden and Arkadel- phia. During the remainder of the year the pools furnished by the six dams, with moderate dredging in Black and Ouachita Rivers, provide depths of 6.5 feet between the mouth of Black River and Camden, Ark., and depths of only a few inches may be expected between Camden and Arkdelphia, Ark. At the end of the fiscal year project depth of 6.5 feet below mean low water was available between Camden, Ark., and the mouth of Black River. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year under the existing project were $4,624,551 for new work, $4,889,203 for main- tenance, and $3,145,522 for operation and care of locks and dams, totaling $12,659,276. In addition, the sum of $2,940,952 was expended between Janu- ary 25, 1913, and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provision of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 654 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _ - $50,000 $5,298,619 Cost.. ---- __-_---- -- --- 50,000 5,298,619 Maintenance: Appropriated - $185,000 $446,300 $516,000 $463,008 479,300 10,975,976 Cost_ -- 243.140 . . 431.642 . . 519.495 . .I, 487.809 ..- , . . . . 480.163 _v . . . 10.975.677 . . , v_ . V , . . 1 Includes $674,068 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____-_ - _ $130, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 21, 520, 000 3. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1956 Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual quired to Report Operation complete for- Construction and mainte- nance 1. Bayou Bartholomew, La. and Ark -...------ 1931 $45,874 $42,857 (1 2 3 7) 2. Bayous D'Arbonne and Corney, La ..-.... 1941 19,000 37,804 (1 3 7) 3. Bear Creek, Miss__- 1920 3,347 2,086 (14 7) 4. Big Black River, Miss_-- 1895 15,000 (14 7) 5. Big Sunflower River, Miss_ 1942 560 027 459.328 . (1 127) 6. Boeuf River, La_.-- - 1949 30,000 103,737 (1 a 7 10 13) 7. Homochitto River, Miss_- - - 1910 15,482 8,518 (7) 8. Little Missouri River, Ark_ - 1873 19,992 (1 4 7) 9. Little River, La _-- 1890 1,500 (1 4 7 11) 10. Little Tallahatchie River, Miss_-_ _--- -- 1913 19,000 (1) 11. Mouth of Yazoo River, Miss _ 1953 1,179,211 145,217 (114) 12. Removing snags and wrecks from the Missis- sippi River below the mouth of Missouri River and from the Old and Atchafalaya Rivers_ _- 1948 272,500 (9) 13. Saline River, Ark__ 1931 26,900 12,792 (1 3 4 7) 14. Steele and Washington Bayous and Lake Washington, Miss-___ _ _- _- -- 1947 19,050 10,110 (8) 15. Tallahatchie and Coldwater Rivers, Miss -. 1939 43,481 173,066 (1 67) 16. Tchula Lake, Miss ___ 1921 19,385 26,585 (1 7) 17. Tensas River and Bayou Macon, La ....... 1949 38,367 85,352 (1 10 14) 18. Yalobusha River, Miss _- 1937 7,000 15,936 (1 4 5 7) 19. Yazoo River, Miss .. _____.. 1947 359,661 480,605 (1 6 14) 1 Completed. 2 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 1692, 64th Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 3 Channels adequate for existing commerce. 4Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 5 See report of the Mississippi River Commission for operations in connection with the Yazoo Basin flood-control project including channel clearing and rectification and Grenada Reservoir on Yalobusha River. 6 See report of the Mississippi River Commission for operations in connection with the Yazoo Basin flood-control project, including Sardis Dam and Reservoir, on the Little Tallahatchie River, Arkabutla Dam and Reservoir on Coldwater River, Enid Dam and Reservoir, on Yocoma River, and channel clearing on Tallahatchie and Little Tallahatchie Rivers. ?Inactive project. No commerce reported. s Abandonment recommended in H. Docs. 1694, 64th Cong., 2d sess., and 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. See report of Mississippi River Commission for operations in connection with the Big Sunflower River, etc., Mississippi flood-control project, including channel clearing and snagging in Steele Bayou. 9 No funds available under this project. Work is being carried on under appropriation Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries. 10oReport of New Orelans district, pp. 919-920 for fiscal year 1949. 11Due to decline of traffic, local interests are no longer sufficiently interested to provide rights-of-way and dumping privileges. 12Project curtailment recommended by elimination of work between Pentecost and mouth of Hush- puckena River. (Abandonment of entire project erroneously recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.) 13Project curtailment recommended by elimination of work above Girard, La. (Abandonment of entire project erroneously recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.) 14Inactive. Channel adequate for commerce. FLOOD CONTROL-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 655 4. OUACHITA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARK. AND LA. Location. Ouachita River rises in Polk County, Ark., and flows about 600 miles in a general southeasterly and southerly direction through Arkansas and Louisiana. It is joined by the Tensas and Little Rivers at Jonesville, La., below which place it is called Black River, and enters Red River 35.5 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps and Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Alluvial Valley quadrangle maps and folio of maps of the Ouachita-Black Rivers, Ark. and La., from Blakely Mountain Reservoir to Missis- sippi River including Old River and portion of Red River, scale 1: 62,500.) The Ouachita River Basin embraces about 25,000 square miles. Headwater streams drain about 3,500 square miles of rugged terrain of the Ouachita Mountains (including some 1,500 square miles of the Ouachita National Forest). Downstream the basin comprises about 21,500 square miles of hilly uplands and broad plains. Below Riverton, La., approximately 1,490 square miles are in the Red River backwater area. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (S. Doc. No. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), approved the general plan for flood control on Ouachita River and tributaries, Arkansas and Louisiana, which provides for the construction of one multi- ple-purpose and one flood-control reservoir; protection works for three localities and channel improvement at several points. This act further authorized the incorporation into the general plan of the several separate existing projects for flood control along the Ouachita River and tributaries in the basin above the lower end of the levees on the east bank of Ouachita River. The total Federal cost of the project (1956) is $50,513,367 for new work, as itemized in the following tables: New Projects Bayou Bartholo- Calion, Ark.1 2 Pine Bluff, Ark. mew, Ark. and Bawcomville, Local protection 4 La.2 3 La.2 4 Location _ ............. O u ach ita R iver -__ - -- __ __- ___-- - ------- O u ach ita R iver. 180 miles. Distance above mouth- 307 miles__ _ __ Mile 0-350-....... Type of structure---- Levees and appur- Channel improve- Channel improve- Loop levee, pump- tenances. ment. ment. ing plants, flood- gates. Estimated Federal cost: Construction _---- $650,000 ----- .. $2,050,000----...---. ..-------------------- $168,882. Lands and dam- -- -- $50,000---.... ages. Total_ ._--------.$650,000 ......-------- 6$170,589----_----.. $2,100,000 __-....... 7$168,882. For last full report see ._194- ----- 1954--... ___--- ... 1954 _ _ Annual Report for- 1Existing project authorized Aug. 18, 1941, and amended by Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. 2Details presented in individual reports. 34 The work has not been started. Completed. 5 1956. 6 Actual cost of completed work. 7 Completed under sec. 6, Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928. See Annual Report of the President, Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army. 656 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Incorporated projects RESERVOIRS Name. . . . .. . Blakely Mountain, Ark. (Lake Narrows, Ark. (Lake Gree- Ouachita).l 3 6 son).1 23 Stream .... ........ ....... ..... Ouachita River ._._.......... Little Missouri River. Nearest city__________ __ Hot Springs, Ark_- __ Murfreesboro, Ark. Distance above mouth_....___.__.__ 486 miles ................. _ _. . 105 miles. Height of dam and type_ .......... 231 feet, earthflll 190 feet, concrete gravity. Reservoir capacity (acre-feet) ..... 2,768,000 - 407,900. Power development (kilowatts) .... 75,000_ 17,000. Authorization (Flood Control Act)- 1944_-------------- _- 1941 and 1944. Estimated cost: Construction _----- .- ..-- .-.-28,551,500 ............... 11,383,000. Lands and damages- ......... 2,298,500 .....- - -- - -- - ..-- 1,323,000. Total -.--- - - - -- - - - 4$30,850,000------_ - ____ 6 $12,706,000. 1 Details presented in individual reports. 2 Feature of Little Missouri River Basin, Ark., project. 3 Completed. 4 1956. 5 Actual cost of completed project. 6 Placed in useful operation. FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Little Missouri River Basin, Ark.1 Existing levees and floodwalls and extensions thereto from 2 Project Bastrop, La., to mouth of Columbia, La. Little Missouri River Terre Noire Creek, Boeuf River3 and at West below Murfreesboro, Ark. Ozan Creek, Ark Ark. 2 Monroe, La. O Location_________ -- _ ___------------------ Tributary of Little Mis- Tributary of Little Mis- ------- _ ----------------- _ Ouachita River. 0 souri River at mile souri River at mile 2. O 73.2. Distance above mouth______ _____ ile 095-------------Mile Mile0-15------------- Mile 0-24.4---- -------------------------------- .... Mile 120. Type of structure_------------------ Channel improvement__ Channel improvement__ Channel improvement Levees and floodwalls-- ....... Levee and appurte- and repair of levees. nances. Authorization (Flood Control Act) Estimated Federal cost: Construction ------------------ 1944___ 19 __________ 1944-----------------..................... 1944-----------------1928-50------------------- 421,000--------------- 62,500----------........................ 1936. z O Total_. ------- -- --------------- 4$421,000----.---------.- 4$62,500--....... - $123,700-------------- $3,055,956 ---------------- $204,740. 0 For last full report see Annual Report --------------- 1954 ------------------ 1941. for-. 1 Details presented in individual reports. 41956. 2 Completed. 5 Actual cost of completed project. 3 Transferred from Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries. Ci H -4 C H 658 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The projects for DeGray Reservoir, Ark., Murfreesboro Reser- voir, Ark., and extension of floodwall at Monroe, La., are to be restudied and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of these projects was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $31,143,500. They are itemized in the following table: DeGray Reser- Murfreesboro Res- Extension of flood- Project voir, Ark. ervoir, Ark. wall at Monroe, La. Stream_________________________________ _ Caddo River .____ Muddy Fork - Ouachita River. Estimated construction cost__............ $26,817,500 $4,190,000 - $136,000. For last full report see Annual Report for- 1954 1954 _ 1954. Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation for flood-control improvements within the basin have been met except for new projects authorized by the act of 1950 on which local interests have indicated their willingness to comply with require- ments. (See individual statements for further details.) Operations and results during fiscal year. The operations dur- ing the fiscal year, together with costs for those projects on which work was is progress, are shown in individual reports. Condition at end of fiscal year. The condition of the various projects on which work has been initiated is given in individual reports. 5. BLAKELY MOUNTAIN DAM ON OUACHITA RIVER, ARK. Location. The work covered by this project is at the head of Lake Hamilton (pool of Carpenter Dam) and approximately 10 miles northwest of Hot Springs, Ark., in Montgomery and Gar- land Counties, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Previous project. Authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1938, this provided for participation by the United States in the cost of construction of a multiple-use reservoir not to exceed $2,000,000. No construction was undertaken. Existing project. This provides for construction of Blakely Mountain Dam on Ouachita River for flood control and other purposes in the Ouachita River Basin with a gross storage capacity of 2,768,000 acre-feet and power installation totaling 75,000 kilowatts (2 units at 37,500 kilowatts each). The latest approved (1956) estimate of cost is $30,850,000 for construction and $250,000 for annual maintenance and operation. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, and incorporated into the Ouachita River and tributaries project by the 1950 River and Harbor Act. (See H. Doc. 647, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Continuing con- tract for construction of power plant was completed October 27, 1955. FLOOD CONTROL-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 659 The following contracts were also completed: Construction of overlook building and utilities, November 4, 1955; paving of access road from Mountain Pine to the dam, June 23, 1956; and drilling water wells at various recreational locations, December 27, 1955. Construction of the Avant to Mount Tabor road was completed by hired labor May 7, 1956. The facility was maintained and operated. Commercial gener- ation of power began October 1, 1955. A total of 67,500,000 kilowatt-hours was produced, of which 66,134,000 kilowatt-hours were furnished the Arkansas Power and Light Company under contract between that Company and the Southwestern Power Administration. There were 763,000 visitor-days for recreation. On July 1, 1955, the flood-control pool was empty and storage in the power pool amounted to 992,800 acre-feet of water. Maximum pool elevation, 575.6 feet above mean sea level, or 2.4 feet below maximum power pool elevation, occurred May 18, 1956. Peak inflow was 49,000 cubic feet per second on February 18, 1956. On June 30, 1956 the flood-control pool was empty and 1,167,000 acre-feet remained in the power pool. Costs during the fiscal year were $457,262 for new work and $210,042 for maintenance, totaling $667,304. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole was started in August 1947 and was completed for beneficial use in October 1955. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $30,785,169 for new work and $377,289 for maintenance, totaling $31,162,458. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: _ Appropriated_ ..... $5,700,000 $4,018,000 $4,957,290 $2,724,710 $50,000 $30,850,000 Cost--------------- 3,834,464 4,119,651 7,741,197 2,512,177 457,262 30,785,169 Maintenance: Appropriated ... ..... .45,000 127,792 205,000 377,792 Cost ..------------------------------------ 37,727 129,520 210,042 377,289 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-__-_ $60, 516 6. LIT'TLE MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Little Missouri River rises in the southeastern corner of Polk County, Ark., on the southern slope of the Missouri Mountains and flows in a southeasterly direction a distance of 147 miles in a tortuous course to enter the Ouachita River 27.6 miles above Camden, Ark. Terre Noire Creek rises in the Athens Plateau, midway between 660 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Arkadelphia and Amity in Clark County, and flows in a general southeasterly direction a distance of about 45 miles to enter Little Missouri River on the left bank 2 miles above the mouth of the parent stream. Ozan Creek, formed by the junction of North Fork, Middle Fork, and South Fork near Blevins, in Hempstead County, flows in a general northeasterly direction a distance of about 25 miles to join Little Missouri River on the right bank at mile 73.2 above the mouth. See U. S. Geological Survey State Map, scale 1: 500,000. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, approved the plan for the Narrows Reservoir for flood con- trol and other purposes on the Little Missouri River, Ark., and for local flood protection on the main river below Murfreesboro, Ark., and on the Terre Noire and Ozan Creeks, as set forth in House Document 837, 76th Congress, 3d session, and authorized $3,000,000 for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the completion of the project for Little Missouri River in Arkansas. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of the Narrows Reservoir on the Little Missouri River above Murfrees- boro, Ark., with a gross storage capacity of 407,900 acre-feet and a power-plant at the dam site with an initial installation of hydroelectric generating facilities having a capacity of 17,000 kilowatts and with provisions for future enlargement of those facilities; channel clearing and snagging on the Little Missouri River above the mouth of Ozan Creek, and the excavation of 31 cutoffs below the mouth of Ozan Creek; snagging of the channel of Terre Noire Creek between the Missouri-Pacific Railroad cross- ing and the mouth, the enlargement of 0.9 mile of silted creek channel, the repair of levee crevasses in the side levees, and the construction of required drainage ditches; and the excavation of 20 cutoffs on Ozan Creek between the lower end of the existing drainage ditches and the mouth. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the approved plan: Estimated cost Location Type of protection Federal Local Total Narrows Reservoir (Lake Gree- Reservoir and power- 1$12,706,000 --------- - 1$12,706,000 son) near Murfreesboro, Ark. plant. Little Missouri River, Murfrees- Channel improvement_ 2 421,000 $25,000 2 446,000 boro, Ark. to mouth. Terre Noire Creek, Ark .....---------- Channel improvement 123,700 10,000 133,700 and repairs to levees. Ozan Creek, Ark __--------------- Channel improvement__ 2 62,500 8,000 2 70,500 1 Cost of completed work. 2 Revised in 1956. Local cooperation. None required for Narrows Reservoir (Lake Greeson). For channel improvements projects, local FLOOD CONTROL--VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 661 interests are required to furnish all rights-of-way necessary for the improvements without costs to the United States; maintain the works after completion in accordance with regulations pre- scribed by the Secretary of the Army; and hold and save the United States free from damages that may result or be occasioned by construction of the improvement. Fully complied with on Terre Noire Creek. For Little Missouri River below Murfrees- boro and Ozan Creek, acquisition of rights-of-way by local inter- ests is complete. Operations and results during fiscal year. Narrows Reservoir (Lake Greeson) : The facility was maintained and operated and generation of power was continued throughout the fiscal year. A total of 21,725,400 kilowatt-hours was produced, of which 21,477,300 kilowatt-hours were furnished the Southwestern Gas and Electric Company under contract between that company and the Southwestern Power Administration. There were 462,000 visitor-days for recreation. On July 1, 1955, the flood-control pool was empty and storage in the power pool amounted to 182,600 acre-feet. The maximum pool elevation, 547.4 feet above mean sea level, or 0.6 foot below maximum power pool elevation, occurred May 4, 1956. Peak inflow was 18,800 cubic feet per second on April 30, 1956. On June 30, 1956, the flood control pool was empty and 178,900 acre- feet remained in the power pool. Little Missouri River: Work under contract for channel clear- ing and snagging from the mouth of Ozan Creek to Murfreesboro began January 16, 1956, and is 84 percent complete. A total of 16.15 miles of clearing and snagging has been completed. One continuing contract was awarded for construction of 31 cutoffs involving 919,000 cubic yards of excavation below the mouth of Ozan Creek, and for improvement of that tributary. Work on Little Missouri River under this contract began Decem- ber 2, 1955, and is 35 percent complete. A total of 325,664 cubic yards was excavated for the cutoffs. Ozan Creek: Construction of 20 cutoffs involving 128,000 cubic yards of excavation was included in the contract for the cutoff construction on Little Missouri River. No work was done. Costs during the fiscal year were $154,305 for new work and $172,853 for maintenance, totaling $327,158. Condition at end of fiscal year. Narrows Reservoir (Lake Greeson) : The project was initiated in April 1946 and completed in February 1953. Generation of power, and maintenance and operation of the facility are continuing. Terre Noire Creek: The improvement is complete. Little Missouri River below Murfreesboro: This feature as a whole is 45 percent complete. Ozan Creek: The work has not been started. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were $13,030,032 for new work and $1,072,263 for maintenance, totaling $14,102,295. 662 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ .. $123,509 $4,500 -$3,437 $505,037 -$79,600 $13,300,165 Cost_______________ _ 77,897 103,670 8,302 -847 154,305 13,030,032 Maintenance: Appropriated -...... 170,000 200,000 201,000 186,200 166,200 1,072,400 Cost __ - 169,861 193,213 198,116 189,731 172,853 1,072,263 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $251, 128 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 15, 000 7. CALION, OUACHITA RIVER, ARK. Location. The work covered by this project is on the west bank of the Ouachita River near Calion, a small town in Union County, Ark., about 307 miles above the mouth of Black River and 13 miles northeast of El Dorado, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of levees and appurtenances, and a pumping plant for the protection of the town of Calion, Ark., Calion Lumber Company property and Lake Calion. The latest approved (1956) estimate of cost is $650,000 for construction. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 427, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), as amended by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish all rights-of-way necessary for the improvements without cost to the United States; maintain the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from or be occasioned by construction of the improvement. Local interests are prepared to comply with the requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary plan- ning for the levees, floodwall and floodgates was commenced. Cost of advance engineering and design during the fiscal year was $24,144. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction work has not been started. Emergency work, consisting of grading of the riverbank at the most critical point, laying riprap revetment along about 100 feet of riverbank and relocating about 1,500 linear feet of adjacent county road, has been accomplished with flood-control emergency funds. Cost of advance engineering and design to the end of the fiscal year was $24,254. FLOOD CONTROL--VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 663 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- --------- -. $40,000 $40,110 Cost-- -- 24,144 24,254 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_________ $15, 856 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ __ ___ _ _ _ ___ 610, 000 8. BAYOU BARTHOLOMEW, ARK. AND LA. Location. The work covered by this project is located in south- east Arkansas and northeast Louisiana, and includes the channel of Bayou Bartholomew and its tributaries Deep Bayou and Over- flow Creek. (For latest published map, see S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for inter- mittent clearing and snagging and closure of high-water outlets on the main stem; on Deep Bayou, the enlargement of the chan- nel between miles 2 and 15 and the diversion of the stream by a canal into Bayou Bartholomew at a point 10 miles below its present mouth; and clearing and enlargement of the Overflow Creek channel below mile 23. The latest approved (1956) estimate of cost is $2,100,000. The project was authorized by River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish without cost to the United States all lands, rights-of-way, and easements necessary for construction of the project, bear the cost of construction of new highway bridges and of alteration or replacement of existing highway bridges where necessary; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the con- struction works; and maintain and operate all the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work has not been started. 9. BAWCOMVILLE, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is at Bawcomville, La., a small town in Ouachita Parish, La., approximately 2 miles west of the Ouachita River and approximately 2 miles southwest of Monroe, La. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a loop levee, and supplementary drainage works consisting of a pumping plant, floodgates, and appurtenant 664 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ditches for the protection of Bawcomville, La., as a feature of the Ouachita River and tributaries comprehensive plan for flood control. The cost of completed work was $168,882 under section 6, Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928, and $84,441 from contributed funds. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Contract for con- struction of two pumping plants and modification of floodgates was completed November 16, 1955. Government costs were $38,569 under section 6, Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928. Costs from contributed funds were $40,633. This work is also included in the Annual Report of the president, Mississippi River Commission, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole was commenced in July, 1950, and completed in November, 1955. The total Government costs to the end of the fiscal year were $168,882 under section 6, Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928. Total costs from contributed funds were $84,441. 10. BIG BLACK RIVER, MISS. Location. The work covered by this project is on Big Black River, Miss., which flows into the Mississippi River about 25 miles below Vicksburg, Miss. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for im- provement of the flood channel by means of channel clearing and suitable cutoffs from a point between Choctaw and Webster Counties, Miss., to the mouth, 325.6 miles. The project lessens the frequency and duration of floods on 180,000 acres of bottom lands. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The cost of completed work was $910,185. The latest approved (1955) estimate of cost for annual main- tenance is $50,000. Local cooperation. None required. (Sec. 2 of the Flood Con- trol Act of June 28, 1938, applies.) Operations and results during fiscal year. No maintenance work was done. Stream gaging, studies, planning, and miscel- laneous investigations were continued with maintenance funds. Costs during the fiscal year were $5,935 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1941. Total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $910,1.85 for new work and $670,677 for maintenance, totaling $1,580,862. FLOOD CONTROL-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 665 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---- ------------------------------------------ $910,185 Cost ----- ------------------------------------------------------------ 910,185 Maintenance: Appropriated-....... $13,400 $58,000 $54,400 $46,750 $5, 700 670,750 Cost----------------- 17,737 63,285 38,822 67,157 5,935 670,677 11. HOMOCHITTO RIVER, MISS. Location. The project along the Homochitto River in Adams and Wilkinson Counties, Miss. (See Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley maps and Artonish, Woodville, and Kingston quadrangles.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a number of cutoffs, aggregating approximately 5.8 miles in length, which will reduce the length of the river from Rosetta, Miss., to its mouth from 37.7 miles to 30.6 miles; con- struction of small earth dams at points where the new cutoffs leave and reenter the existing channel; clearing and snagging operations along both banks from mile 1 to mile 35; and blasting along sides and bottoms of the channel where its development is retarded by stumps or hard nonerodible clay strata. The project results in clearing the riverbed and banks of ob- structions, shortening the channel, and producing a more uni- form slope, thereby resulting in faster runoff of floodwaters in the basin, minimizing the damage to crops and highways and making practicable more general use of farm and timber lands which have hitherto been subject to frequent extended inundation. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Con- trol Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 22, 1936 Small earth dams at heads of minor tributaries and None. channel improvement for flood control. June 28, 1938 Additional channel improvements and related works Do. for flood control. Aug. 18, 1941 Additional channel improvements and related works Do. for flood control on main river and tributaries. The cost of completed work was $205,000. The latest (1954) estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $5,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. Stream gaging, studies, planning and miscellaneous investigations were continued with maintenance funds. Cost of maintenance was $2,020. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1948. Total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $205,000 for new work and $141,638 for maintenance, totaling $346,638. 666 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------------- ---------- $205,000 Cost.--------------------- ----------------------------------------------- 205,000 Maintenance: Appropriated - -$13,400 - $600 $9,750 $1,700 141,650 Cost ----------------- 1,618 $1,998 1,636 10,364 2,020 141,638 12. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Buffalo River, Miss.... ___________ 1940 1 2$235,000 2. Flood-Control Emergencies-Repair and Flood Fighting and Rescue Work (sec. 210 3 566,628 $4,504,360 of 1950 Flood Control Act)________________ 1953 3 566,628 $4,504,360 1 1955. 2 Deferred indefinitely because of insufficient justification under present conditions. 3 Does not include $4,677 from contributed funds. 13. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). With carryover funds from the previous fiscal year, contract for the improvement of Mill Bayou, La., from the mouth to mile 4.80, involving 1.04 miles clearing and snagging and 198,013 cubic yards of channel excavation, was completed September 30, 1955. The total costs during the fiscal year were $22,639 for new work. Total Government costs to the end of the fiscal year were $857,416 for new work. Costs from contributed funds were $17,128. Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT (EXCLUSIVE OF CONTRIBUTED FUNDS) Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- $40,130 $95,000 -$9,603 $50,000 -$4,125 $857,416 Cost 122,938 64,564 57,715 23,236 22,639 857,416 Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Reimbursement of $47,000 was made to the Mississippi State Highway Department as Federal participation in the construction GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 667 of stabilization works on the north bank of Homochitto River near State Highway No. 33 and the Illinois Central railroad bridges near Rosetta, Miss. Costs during the fiscal year were $48,917 for new work. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $156,732 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated..... -$2,699 -- -_--- $48,917 $156,732 Cost----------------------------- 48,917 156,732 14. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of examinations and surveys during the fiscal year was $4,464 for completion of studies in connection with the participa- tion of the Vicksburg district in the preparation of the Arkansas- White-Red River Basins report. The additional sum of $2,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1957 for flood-control studies in connection with the report on the Saline River Basin in accordance with a resolu- tion by the Committee on Public Works of the United States Senate, dated March 19, 1951. 15. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Hydrologic studies. The cost of collection of stream flow data and storm studies during the fiscal year was $3,173. The additional sum of $11,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1957, to be applied to stream gaging, re- cording rain gage data, and storm studies. Civil Works Investigations. The cost of earth pressure studies on the Grenada Dam spillway during the fiscal year was $1,000. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE MEMPHIS, TENN., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southeastern Missouri and southern Illinois, the western portions of Kentucky and Tennes- see, a small portion of northern Mississippi, and northeastern Arkansas. It includes the area embraced in the drainage basins of the eastern tributaries of the Mississippi River south of the Ohio River Basin to Nonconnah and Horn Lake Creeks, inclusive, and those of the western tributaries south of the Little River Diversion Channel and Commerce, Mo., including the St. Francis River Basin, and the White River and tributaries below Peach Orchard Bluff, Ark., on the right bank and this basin below Augusta, Ark., on the left bank. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Wolf River (Memphis Harbor), 4. Other authorized flood-control Tenn_ __669 projects________________ 673 2. Other authorized navigation 5. Flood-control work under spe- ---------------- projects 671 cial authorization- .-...... 673 Flood control General investigations 3. Memphis, Wolf River, and 6. Examinations and surveys -_ 674 Nonconnah Creek, Tenn- - 671 7. Research and development ._ 674 1. WOLF RIVER (MEMPHIS HARBOR), TENN. Location. Wolf River rises near the western edge of Tippah County, Miss., and flows generally northwesterly about 117 miles, through Shelby County, Tenn., emptying into the Mississippi River within the corporate limits of the city of Memphis, Tenn. (See Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley maps, scale 1: 62,500, and scale 1: 500,000.) Previous projects. The River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, authorized dredging at the mouth of Wolf River as an item in the improvement of Memphis Harbor, the work being carried out under the supervision of the Mississippi River Commission. Existing project. This provides for a channel 9 feet deep at low water from its mouth to Hindman Ferry Road (5.5 miles) with bottom widths of 250 feet from the mouth to Keel Avenue (mile 1.75) and 200 feet from Keel Avenue to North ,Second Street Road (mile 3.5), and thence 125 feet wide from North Second Street Road to Hindman Ferry Road. The portion of the project from the river mouth up to mile 3.0 is completed and maintained. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance for this reach is $105,000. The remaining upstream portion of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was esti- mated to be $900,000. 669 670 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The work of improvement up to mile 3.0 under the existing project was authorized September 6, 1933, by the Public Works Administration. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Docs. 26, 72d Cong., 1st sess. and 45, 74th Cong., 1st sess.) Sketch maps are printed in the project documents. Local cooperation. The work under the existing project is subject to the condition that local interests shall furnish, free of cost to the United States, all rights-of-way required for channel enlargement and straightening, and suitable areas with retaining levees where needed for disposal of dredged material during initial construction and future maintenance as and when needed, and shall furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of Army saving the United States free from damages resulting from the work. The work is also subject to the provision that no works shall be undertaken on any section of the channel through or above any bridge until such bridge has been altered in a manner satisfactory to the Secretary of Army, without cost to the United States. The conditions as pertaining to the improve- ment up to mile 3.0 have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 24 terminals in the lower 3 miles of Wolf River. Five terminals are operated by common carriers, 3 by contract carriers, and 16 are operated privately. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing during the fiscal year 1956 was conducted with one leased dredge, the Burlington, which moved a total of 719,070 cubic yards of material in maintaining a channel of project dimensions. The total costs for the year were $92,380. Condition at end of fiscal year. The portion of the existing project to mile 3.0 is complete and at the end of the fiscal year ample depths existed in the channel below a point 900 feet above Hall Street. Project depth at low water is maintained by dredg- ing as required. Exclusive of maintenance dredging done during the fiscal year 1936 with Mississippi River funds which were included in the annual report of the Mississippi River Commission for that year under the caption "dredges and dredging," the total costs to June 30, 1956, were $2,241,826, of which $586,500 were from public work funds for new work, $1,637,826 were from regular funds for maintenance, and to cover the cost of retaining levees required of local interests, there have also been costs charged to con- tributed funds amounting to $17,500. FLOOD CONTROL--MEMPHIS, TENN., DISTRICT 671 Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ----------- $586,500 Cost_ ------ ------------------------------------------------------------ 586,500 Maintenance: Appropriated------......- $95,000 $88, 730 $197,351 $253,200 $57,100 1,645,028 Cost---------------- 91,931 90,056 193,617 216,196 92,380 1,637,826 1 In addition, $17,500 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. St. Francis and L'Anguille Rivers and Black- fish Bayou, Ark.. 2 -------- 1943 $92,000.34 $300,449.43 (1) 2. Obion River, Tenn. '5 1911 . 28,716.75 ...... () 3. Forked Deer River, Tenn., including South Fork -------------------------------- 1912 25,000.00 12,818.50 (1) 4. Removing snags and wrecks from the Missis- sippi River below the mouth of Missouri River and from the- -Old -- - - and - - - - Atchafalaya - ----------- Rivers .. .... 1948 -------------- 318,833.56 (4) 5. White River, Ark. (below Peach Orchard -------------------------------- Bluff)7........ 1951 . 25,000.00 1,360,578.97 (1) 1 Existing project is for maintenance only. 2Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 8 New work completed. 4No funds available under this project. Work is being carried on under "Appropriation, flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries." 6 Inactive. No commerce. 6 Completed. 7 Inactive channel adequate for commerce. 3. MEMPHIS, WOLF RIVER, AND NONCONNAH CREEK, TENN. Location. The work covered by this project lies within and ad- jacent to the city of Memphis in Shelby County, Tenn., on the left bank of Wolf River and the right bank of Nonconnah Creek from the confluence of these streams with the Mississippi River upstream for approximate distances of 10 and 4 miles, respective- ly. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Tennessee, scale 1: 500,000, and Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley maps, scale 1: 62,500 and 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system (eight sections) of levees, floodwalls, and bank protection, consisting of the following features: About 22,000 feet of earth levee and 2 concrete railroad floodgates along the right bank of Nonconnah Creek, extending from high ground near Tennessee Chute south of Riverside Park to high ground at Bodley Avenue east of Prospect Street; about 15,600 feet of con- crete floodwall, and 31,500 feet of earth levee along the left bank 672 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 of Wolf River, extending from downtown Memphis to high ground near Douglas Park; construction of 6 new pumping sta- tions and 8 storage reservoirs with appurtenant works for the disposal of interior drainage; and the construction of a culvert under North Bellevue Boulevard near Cypress Creek for the en- largement of the Cypress Creek Reservoir. The project will pro- vide protection, with 3 feet freeboard, for the city of Memphis and adjacent areas against a Mississippi River flood of 54.5 feet stage, or 4.1 feet higher than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in February 1937. The project was adopted by the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, and so modified by the War Department Civil Appropriation Act approved June 28, 1939, that the cost of providing pumping stations and outlet works for interior drainage shall be borne by the United States, and further amended by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, to increase the total estimated cost of the project by $1,500,000. The current (1956) estimated cost of construction, is $11,500,000. Local cooperation. General assurances given by the city of Memphis and Shelby County, Tenn., were approved by the Secre- tary of War on August 2, 1938. All rights-of-way for the project have been provided by local interests with the exception of sec- tion 5 and subsection 1-E. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Planning and design were continued during the year for sections of the project not yet completed. Section 1-B is about 92 percent complete. A contract has been awarded'and work initiated on section 1-A. The costs for the year were $342,156, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Sections 8, 7, 6, 4, 2, and 1-D levees, section 1-C, and 3 wall, Nonconnah Creek, Cypress Creek, May Street, Workhouse Bayou, Fairfax and Marble Bayou pump- ing stations, and appurtenant works have been turned over to local interests for maintenance and operation. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $9,936,726, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------- Appropriated........ $750, 000 $697, 000 $400,000 $502,690 $659,000 $10,797,390 Cost---------------- 476,187 172,261 919,493 718,637 342,156 9,936,726 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $191, 927 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- _____-___ 191, 927 FLOOD CONTROL--MEMPHIS, TENN., DISTRICT 673 4. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Clarendon to1 Laconia Circle, White River Basin, Ark. _ _- _ __-------- 1937 2 $8,960,000 2. Big Creek and L'Anguille River, White River Basin, Ark. _ _--------------------------- 1937 ..--------------------------- 2 86,000 3. Nixon Creek, Tenn ..------------------------ 1952 $62,821 -------------- (4 5) 4. Mounds and Mound City, Ohio River Basin, Ill--- -------------------------------- 1955 1,132,704 ()(-------------- 1 Inactive, awaiting local cooperation. 2 1937 estimate. 3 Work is being completed under Mississippi River and tributaries project. 4 Completed. 5 Authorized by sec. 205 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, as amended. 5. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). Funds were made available during fiscal year 1956 ($35,000) for snagging and clearing on Tuscumbia River (Hatchie River tributary), Tennessee. Plans and specifications have been ap- proved. This work will be placed under contract as soon as the necessary rights-of-way are made available. Funds were also made available in the amount of $35,000 for channel improvement on Eight Mile Ditch (St. Francis River tributary), Arkansas. Work on this project has been delayed pending necessary assur- ances and right-of-way to be furnished by local interests. Channel clearance, consisting of removal of snags, drift, sand, silt, and other debris was accomplished by contract on approxi- mately 3.0 miles on Little River, East Floodway Ditch (1955 funds) and approximately 3.8 miles on Big Slough Ditch (1956 funds) (St. Francis River tributaries), Arkansas. The combined total cost for this work amounted to $75,634.60. Total channel clearance work performed to June 30, 1956, is as follows: Miles Hatchie River (and its tributaries), Tenn. and Miss.-_ 184.2 Obion River (and its tributaries), Tenn.-_ 245.0 'Mayfield Creek, Ky. _-----__ _ ----- -_ 5.0 Loosahatchie River, Tenn.__ _ _ _ _ 3.1 St. Francis River (and its tributaries), Ark. 10.4 Cache River (and its tributaries), Ark._ --- 6.2 The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $1,146,474 of which $1,106,474 was from regular funds and $40,000 from emergency relief funds. 674 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated...... $129,860 $84,402 $13,589 $24,573 $105,635 $1,211,184 Cost ---------------- 16,033 202,734 89,961 33,316 78,148 1,146,474 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ $64, 710 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___ 64, 710 Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation). The total costs of work performed under this authorization to June 30, 1956, were $2,811,069. Flood-control emergencies, repair and flood fighting and rescue work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 Maintenance: . Appropriated ..... $15,198 -$870 -$2,000 -$3,036 -$4,461 $2,811,069 Cost_ ---- - 118,064 8,044 11,120 5,720------------ 2,811,069 6. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of work during the fiscal year was $23,405. No allotment is anticipated for fiscal years 1957 and 1958. 7. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The cost of work for collection and study of basic data for the fiscal year was $122. No allotment is anticipated for fiscal years 1957 and 1958. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT This district comprises those portions of southwestern Illinois and eastern Missouri embraced in the drainage basin of the Mississippi River and its western tributaries, exclusive of the Missouri River, between the mouth of the Ohio River and mile 300 above the same, and of its eastern tributaries to Hamburg Bay at mile 261 on the left bank, exclusive of the tributary basin of the Illinois Waterway upstream of the new La Grange lock and dam at mile 80.15 above the confluence of the Illinois and Missis- sippi Rivers. The district also includes the drainage basin in Missouri tributary to the Little River diversion channel. Report on Mississippi River between the Missouri River and mile 300 included in the report on Mississippi River between Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn. Report on that portion of the Illinois River downstream of the new La Grange lock and dam is included in report on Illinois Waterway, Ill., contained in the report of the district engineer, Chicago. Ill. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Mississippi River between the 15. Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ohio and Missouri Rivers _ 676 Ivy Landing, Ill _ _ _ .. 690 2. Mississippi River between the 16. Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing Missouri River and Minne- drainage district No. 5, Ill_ 691 apolis, Minn. (St. Louis Dis- 17. Harrisonville and Ivy Landing trict) .... 679 drainage and levee district 3. Illinois Waterway, Ill. (St. No. 2, Ill. __. _ _ 692 Louis District) 679 18. Columbia drainage and levee 4. Other authorized navigation district No. 3, Ill_------- .- 693 projects- _ - -- .- - - .-679 19. Wilson and Wenkel and Prairie du Pont drainage and levee Alteration of Bridges districts, Ill ... . _. _ _ 694 20. Mississippi River at St. Louis, 5. Wabash Railroad bridges, Il- linois River, Meredosia and Valley City, Ill____ 679 - Mo -- - ------- 21. East St. Louis and vicinity, 695 Ill- .--------...-----.--696 Flood Control 22. Wood River drainage and levee 6. East Cape Girardeau and Clear district, Ill_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 697 Creek drainage district, Ill_ 680 23. Urban areas at Alton, Ill _.. 699 7. Cape Girardeau, Mo _ -...- 681 24. Carlyle Reservoir, Upper Miss- 8. North Alexander drainage and issippi River Basin, Ill .... 699 levee district, Ill_ 683 25. Upper Mississippi River Basin, 9. Clear Creek drainage and levee St. Louis District-.......-- 701 district, Ill __.. . - 684 26. Other authorized flood-control 10. Preston drainage and levee dis- projects.-_ .-- -- -- - ..-703 trict, Ill_ .. 685 27. Inspection of completed flood- 11. Grand Tower drainage and control works--- .-703 levee district, Ill_ 686 28. Flood-control work under spe- 12. Degognia and Fountain Bluff cial authorization__ ....... 704 levee and drainage district, Ill- ---------------------- 687 General Investigations 13. Perry County drainage and levee districts Nos. 1, 2, and 29. Examinations and surveys .- 704 3, M o _ ...... _.. ... 688 30. Research and development -.. 704 14. Prairie du Rocher and vicinity, Ill_---------------------- 689 675 676 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1. MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE OHIO AND MISSOURI RIVERS Location. The Mississippi River rises in Lake Itasca, Minn., and, from that lake flows in a southerly direction about 2,350 miles and empties into the Gulf of Mexico. The portion included in this report embraces the 195-mile section known as the middle Mississippi, between the tributary Ohio and Missouri Rivers, about 984 to 1,179 miles from the Gulf. See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis. Previous projects. The original project for the improvement of the Mississippi River between the Ohio and Missouri Rivers was recommended by a board of engineers in a report, dated April 13, 1872, and concurred in by the Chief of Engineers. For further details, see page 1879 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 1014 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for obtaining and maintaining a minimum channel depth of not less than 9 feet, a minimum width of not less than 300 feet at low water, with additional widths in bends from the mouth of the Ohio River (about 984 miles from the Gulf) to the northern boundary of the city of St. Louis, 191 miles; thence 200 feet wide, with additional width in bends to the mouth of the Missouri River, 4 miles; to be ob- tained: First, by regulating works, for closing sloughs and secondary channels, and narrowing the river; by building new banks where the natural width is excessive and protecting new and old banks from erosion where necessary to secure per- manency; second, by dredging or other temporary expedients to maintain channels of project dimensions; third, by construction of works authorized for the Chain of Rocks reach in the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, which approved a comprehen- sive plan for development of the Mississippi River at Chain of Rocks so as to provide for construction of a lateral canal at an estimated first cost to the United States of approximately $10,290,000, with annual maintenance and operation cost of $70,000, subject to such modification as the Chief of Engineers may find necessary when the project is undertaken; and to authorize the relocation of the river channel and reclamation of the area in Sawyer for airport, park, recreational, and similar purposes at a cost to local interests of approximately $17,555,000: Provided, That any modification of the present river channel re- quired by the civic development be deferred until completion of the lateral canal in the interest of navigation and that the river diversion work connected with such civic development be under the supervision of the Chief of Engineers in order to insure that the interests of interstate and foreign commerce be properly pro- tected: And further provided, That local interests hold and save the United States free from any claims for damages that might be incurred due to the construction, maintenance, or operation of such civic development or any part thereof (H. Doc. 231, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) ; and a small boat harbor opposite Chester, Ill. at estimated first costs of $57,000 to the United States and $58,700 to local interests. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 677 The estimated cost of new work (1956) is $97,140,000. The estimated annual cost of maintenance (1956) is $1,800,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents - Project for regulating works adopted in 1881. (To Annual Report, 1881, p. 1536. obtain a minimum depth of 8 feet.) June 3, 1896 June 13, 1902 Dredging introduced as part of the project__ Mar. 2, 1907 Mar. 3, 1905 These acts practically abrogated that part of the Mar. 2, 19071 project for the middle Mississippi which proposed regulating works. June 25, 1910 Regulating vorks restored to the project and appro- H. Doec. 50, 61st Cong., 1st sess., priations begun with a view to the completion of and H. Doe. 168, 58th Cong., the improvement between the Ohio and Missouri 2d sess.2 Rivers within 12 years at an estimated cost of $21,000,000, exclusive of amounts previously ex- pended. Jan. 21, 1927 For a depth of 9 feet and width of 300 feet from the Rivers and Harbors Committee, Ohio River to the northern boundary of the city of Doc. 9, 69th Cong., 2d sess. St. Louis, with the estimated cost of maintenance increased to $900,000 annually. July 3, 1930 Project between the northern boundary of the city of Rivers and Harbors Committee, St. Louis and Grafton (mouth of Illinois River) Doec. 12, 70th Cong., 1st sess. modified to provide for a channel 9 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide with additional width around bends, at an estimated cost of $1,500,000, with $125,000 annually for maintenance. Mar. 2, 1945 Modified to provide for construction of a lateral canal H. Doec. 231, 76th Cong., 1st sess. with lock at Chain of Rocks, at an estimated first cost to the United States of about $10,290,000, with $70,000 annually for maintenance and operation. Sept. 3, 1954 Modified to provide for construction of a small-boat H. Doec. 230, 83d Cong., 1st sess. harbor opposite Chester, Ill., at an estimated first cost to the United States of $57,700, and to local in- terests of $58,700. 1 Also joint resolution, June 29, 1906. 2 Contains latest published map. See House Document 669 (76th Cong., 3d sess.) for report of Chief of Engineers dated February 27, 1940, containing a general plan for improvement of the Mississippi River between Coon Rapids Dam and the mouth of the Ohio River for purposes of navigation, power development, the control of floods, and the needs of irrigation. Terminal facilities. Most of the water terminal and transfer facilities of the district are described in volumes 1 and 4 of the 4-volume report of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Har- bors, entitled "Survey of Terminals and Landings on the Inland Waterways of the United States." Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction works were carried on by contract and by hired labor with Government plant, weather conditions and river stages being favorable for construction during the year. Regulating works were main- tained, and project dimensions of channels were secured by dredg- ing. New work: Costs of $16,457 were incurred on the improve- ment at Chain of Rocks as follows: By contract, construction of canal, $2,781; pressure relief wells, - $162; purchase of land, $2,701; Government costs on liquidated damages, $14,700; liqui- dated damages, -$7,530. By hired labor, engineering and de- 678 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 sign, $16,080; other distributive costs, -$25,014; mapping, sur- veying, appraising, title evidence, and condemnation, $2,625; claims, investigations, and studies, $4,771; erosion control mea- sures, $5,500; and Government-furnished materials, $4. Maintenance: Dikes (13,630 linear feet) and revetments (13,400 linear feet) were repaired by hired labor at a cost of $532,650. The required 9-foot channel was maintained by two United States hydraulic dredges. Channel dredging was per- formed at 36 localities, removing 4,022,283 cubic yards of material from the main channel at a cost of $1,042,185. The channels dredged had a combined length of 24.27 miles, an average width of 284 feet, and an average gain in depth of 5.2 feet. Hydrographic surveys were made covering 130 miles of river costing $47,559. Aids to navigation were installed at a cost of $54,129. Other miscellaneous costs were flood forecasting and discharge observations, $5,393; cooperative hydroclimatic net- work (rain gages), $858; river gages, $18,553; cooperative stream gaging, $16,325; lock 27 lift gate chains, $4,957; mis- cellaneous, $34,459; all charged to maintenance. The cost of operation and care of locks No. 27 (and canal) was $168,684. The total cost of all maintenance, including operating and care, was $1,925,791. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in 1881, and the project has been in bene- ficial use practically from its inception. Work under the project, including the Chain of Rocks Canal is about 84 percent complete. The quantities required to complete the project are estimated at 125,440 linear feet of dikes, 129,705 linear feet of revetment, 280,000 cubic yards of rock removal, and minor items of work at Chain of Rocks. Dikes and revetments were in poor condition along some reaches of river due to critical damage inflicted by heavy ice flows during the winter of 1950-51 and by floods in spring and summer of 1951. The channel as a whole has been greatly improved by the work that has been completed to date. Dredging is required at low stages to remove temporary shoals and maintain the required channel depths. The project dimensions of channels have generally been main- tained throughout the navigation season. The navigation season formerly extended from the middle of February to the middle of December, the river being generally closed by ice the remainder of the year. However, in recent years increased demands of commerce and the use of steel hull boats have combined to extend the navigation season throughout the year except when blocked by heavy running ice or gorges. The river is generally above the 10-foot stage, St. Louis gage, for 6 months of the year, latter part of February to latter part of August, during which time project channel depths generally prevail without dredging. The mean stage of the river, St. Louis gage, was 6.94 feet for the fiscal year 1955 and 1.90 feet for the fiscal year 1956. The costs and expenditures under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: ALTERATIONS OF BRIDGES-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 679 Public works Emergency repair Regular funds funds funds Total New work-_____ __-. $76,966,765 $3,462,154 $996,748 $81,425,667 Maintenance .. 41,027,064- . ---- . ----. --. ----. -41,027,064 Operation and care 564,710--------------------- 564,710 _ ___ Total..... . 118,558,539 3,462,154 996,748 123,017,441 Cost and financial summary Fiscalyear ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated__ ..... $5,000,000 $1,143,000 ---------- $286,500 $359,000 1 $83,816,642 Cost---------- 2,263,874 4,293,137 $747,429 375,572 16,457 82,842,287 Maintenance: - Appropriated .. .... 1,365,200 1,457,950 1,994,072 1,533,000 1,937,924 41,436,284 Cost-------........ 1,269,562 1,756,766 1,877,112 1,650,548 1,925,791 41,423,091 1 Includes $1,416,620 for new work in previous project. 2 In addition $87,083 for new work and $31,417 for maintenance were expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __. $357, 896 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 200, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ 14, 539, 978 2. MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. (ST. LOUIS DISTRICT) See report, "Mississippi River between the Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn.," page 1243. 3. ILLINOIS WATERWAY, ILL. (ST. LOUIS DISTRICT) See report, "Illinois Waterway, Ill.," page 1305. 4. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance I I I I 1. Cuivre River, Mo 12 1883 $12,000 Inactive. 2. Kaskaskia River, 111.2 8 __ ._______________ 1896 10,461 Completed, inactive. 1 River declared nonnavigable by act of Mar. 23, 1900. 2 No commerce reported. 3 By authority of the Chief of Engineers, dated Dec. 12, 1895, this work was dropped from the duties in charge of the St. Louis District (Annual Report, Chief of Engineers, 1896, p. 1761). 5. WABASH RAILROAD BRIDGES, ILLINOIS RIVER, MEREDOSIA AND VALLEY CITY, ILL. Location. The bridges to be altered on Illinois Waterway are located at Valley City, in Pike County, Ill., about 62 miles above the mouth, and at Meredosia in Morgan County, Ill. about 71 680 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 miles above the mouth. See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Charts, Illinois Waterway, Grafton, Ill., to Lake Michi- gan. Previous projects. None. Existing project. This provides for constructing a new rail- road bridge for the Wabash Railroad Company at Valley City, Ill., and removal of existing railroad bridges at Meredosia and Valley City. The project was authorized by the Truman-Hobbs Act, approved June 21, 1940. The estimated cost to the United States for new work (1956) is $2,260,000. Local cooperation. An agreement has been entered into be- tween the Wabash Railroad Company and the United States Government whereby the railroad company agrees to prepare plans and specifications, receive bids and award contract (upon approval of contracting officer). The railroad company will acquire any necessary right-of-way, supervise construction of the new bridge at Valley City and removal of the old bridges at Mere- dosia and Valley City, at a total estimated cost to the Wabash Railroad Company of $1,640,000. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Work done dur- ing the fiscal year consisted of planning and design at a total cost of $59,359. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been started, the only work done being planning and design. The total cost to June 30, 1956, is $59,359 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated..... .........----------- ------------------------------------ $167,000 $167,000 Cost---- ------------------------------------------------ 59,359 59,359 Otiher new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ..... $87, 516 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 500, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - $1, 593, 000 6. EAST CAPE GIRARDEAU AND CLEAR CREEK DRAINAGE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in the north end of Alexander County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 46 and 57 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the river on the west and south, the old channel of Clear Creek on the north, and the Illinois Central Railroad on the east. (See folder by Corps of Engnieers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the FLOOD CONTROL--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 681 entire levee system consisting of 10 miles of riverfront levee and 0.9 mile of back levee, all of which was previously constructed by the United States, and the construction of appurtenant works con- sisting of gravity drainage and closure structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, seepage corrective measures, and altering railroads at one levee crossing. This project when completed will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of author- ized work in the Miller Pond, the North Alexander, the Clear Creek, and the Preston drainage and levee districts, protection will have been provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1956), including $207,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee repair, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $1,972,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Local interests have fully complied with all requirements of local cooperation for all work completed or under contract. They have, however, advised this office, in writing, that they cannot provide right-of-way for the installation of 35 underseepage relief wells which is the only remaining work in this district. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Costs incurred were $12,291 for engineering and design; $36,684 for other distributive costs; $287 for Government-furnished materials;: $4,585 for erosion control measures; $16,537 for borrow pit cor- rective measures; and $1,911 for seepage corrective measures. Work by contract consisted of $59,992 for borrow pit corrective measures; $83,104 for seepage control measures; $25,955 for closure structures; and $5,648 for permanent operating equip- ment. Total costs for the fiscal year were $246,994 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in July 1940, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1941. Work under the project is about 95 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1956 were $1,865,387. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1953 - 1954 1955 1952 New work: Appropriated...... $500,000 $224,000 ------------ $190,665 $86,300 $1,882,012 Cost ....-- 94,020 605,671 $138,964 224,345 246,994 1,865,387 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__________ $14, 977 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___ _______________________ _ 89, 988 7. CAPE GIRARDEAU, MO. Location. This project is in Cape Girardeau County, Mo., on the right bank of Mississippi River between river miles 49 and 53, 682 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 above the Ohio River. The area to be protected includes the low lying lands along the river front of Cape Girardeau between the river and the bluffs. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a series of earth levees and concrete floodwalls including essential railroad and street alterations, necessary sewer alterations, construction of pumping plants, and drainage and closure structures. The project, when completed, will afford protection to the low lying area of Cape Girardeau, Mo., against a flood of about 180-year frequency. Only reach 2 has been ap- proved for construction at an estimated cost of $5,025,000 (re- vised in 1956). The estimated total construction cost, revised in 1955, is $8,415,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 204, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation for reach 2a have been received from the North Main Street levee improve- ment district and for reach 2b from the Main Street levee im- provement district. These assurances were approved by the Di- vision Engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Division November 18, 1954. Supplemental assurances amending the cash contribution required of the North Main Street district for reach 2a were ap- proved by the Division Engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Di- vision October 24, 1955. Local interests have contributed $185,000 toward the construction cost of the work and have furnished rights-of-way for the work now under construction. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Costs incurred were $134,841 for engineering and design; and $47,326 for other distributive costs. Work by contract consisted of $53,000 for levee construction; and $197,000 for drainage structures. Total costs for the fiscal year were $432,166 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in February 1956. Authorized work under the project is about 13 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $656,166. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated--------..... $78,000 $40,000 $50,000 $40,000 2 $935,000 $1,143,000 Cost ..........------ 116,242 87,885 51,873 46,000 432,166 656,166 1 Excludes $22,000 expended on reaches 1, 3, and 4. 2 Includes $185,000 contributed funds. s Includes $13,759 contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ........ $15, 422 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------- --- ---------------- 1, 000, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ____________-_-- - - -_ 2, 882,000 FLOOD CONTROL--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 683 8. NORTH ALEXANDER DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILL. Location. This project is in the north end of Alexander County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 51 and 58 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the Clear Creek drainage and levee district on the north, the bluffs on the east, and the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district on the south and west. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the entire levee system consisting of 5.2 miles of levee, which was previously reconstructed by the United States, and the construc- tion of appurtenant works such as gravity drainage structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, provision of seep- age corrective measures, and altering the railroads at one levee crossing. The project when completed will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district, and in the Miller Pond, the Clear Creek, and the Preston drainage and levee districts, protec- tion will have been provided to this and other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1956) is $940,000. The project was author- ized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $3,164 for engineering and design; $27,198 for other distributive costs; $22,327 for erosion protective measures; and $45 for seep- age corrective measures. Work by contract consisted of $41,012 for railroad relocation; $66,658 for levee construction; and $11,421 for service roads. Total costs for the fiscal year were $171,826. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in July 1939, and the project was ready for beneficial use in September 1941. Work under the project is about 98 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $920,932 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 New work: Appropriated.....------------------- $25,000 $300,000 $351,600 -$36,100 $939,983 Cost ....- ----- .... $835 25,133 81,625 343,300 171,826 920,932 9ther new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------------------------------------- $19,050 684 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 9. CLEAR CREEK DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DICTRICT, ILL. Location. This project is in Union and Alexander Counties, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 57 and 66 above the Ohio River. Except for some lowlands and islands along the river, the district includes practically all the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and between Ware, Ill., on the north and McClure, Ill., on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by reconstructing approximately 10.9 miles of riverfront levee and 10.1 miles of back levee and the con- struction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, seepage corrective measures and surfacing service roads on the levee crown. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in com- bination with and upon completion of authorized work in the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district, and the North Alexander, the Miller Pond, and the Preston drainage and levee districts, protection will have been provided this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1956) including $23,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee repair, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $4,750,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Local interests have fully complied with the requirements of local cooperation for all work completed or under construction. They have not yet complied with the re- quirements for the additional feature of the work necessary for completion of the project, which consists of rights-of-way for seepage wells. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $82,633 for engineering and design; $51,865 for other distributive costs; $1,332 for erosion control measures; and $459 for seepage corrective measures. Work by contract consisted of $169,234 for levee construction; and $35,000 for borrow pit corrective mea- sures. Total costs for the fiscal year were $340,522. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in August 1940, and the project was ready for beneficial use in December 1941. Work under the project is about 68 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $3,246,438 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 685 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 _Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ _ __- -___. ..---- .---- $200,000 $600,000 $3,480,217 Cost. ... . .. $71,112 .... $14,298 $40, 078 130,845 340,522 3,246,438 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $159, 106 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 700, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________-----_------------ 589, 783 10. PRESTON DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Union County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 66 and 76 above the Ohio River. The district includes practically all the bottom lands between Mississippi River on the west, Big Muddy River on the north, the bluffs on the east and Clear Creek drainage and levee district on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging 8.9 miles of riverfront levee and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, one highway closure structure, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, provision of seepage corrective measures, and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district, and the North Alexander, the Miller Pond, and the Clear Creek drainage and levee districts, protection will have been provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year fre- quency. The estimated total construction cost (1956) is $2,450,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Forms of assurance of local cooperation, approved by the county court of Union County, Ill., were approved by the Secretary of War on June 23, 1945. Local interests have fully complied with all requirements of local cooperation for that portion of the project completed or under construction; but have not yet complied with requirements for the additional features of work necessary for completion of the project, which consists of rights-of-way for seepage wells. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $6,943 for engineering and design; $691 for other distributive costs; and $864 for seepage corrective measures. Total costs dur- ing the fiscal year were $8,497. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in October 1945, and the project was ready for bene- 686 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ficial use in the fall of 1947. Work under the existing project is about 76 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $1,856,666 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956] 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated . ------------ .....-------- ---------------- $175,000 $260,000 $2, 148,000 Cost----------------- $2,940 $37,863 $320,686 64,380 8,497 1,856,666 Otiher new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__________ $20, 747 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________________ _________ _ 302, 000 11. GRAND TOWER DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Jackson County, Ill., and Perry County, Mo., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 75 and 84 above the Ohio River. The project, as enlarged by the inclusion of part of Grand Tower Island, Mo., is bounded by the Mississippi River on the west, Big Muddy River on the south and east, Fountain Bluff on the northwest and the Degognia and Fountain Bluff levee and drainage district on the north. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to .Minnea- polis.) Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and extending the existing levee system by construction of about 5.3 miles of riverfront levee, and 11.9 miles of back and flank levees along the Big Muddy River, together with appurtenant works con- sisting of gravity drainage structures, highway closure struc- tures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage corrective measures and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the Degognia and Foun- tain Bluff levee and drainage district, protection will have been provided to this and the other district named, against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1956) is $4,766,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Local interests have fully complied with the requirements of local cooperation for all work completed or under construction and have indicated they will be able to fulfill the requirements for the remaining features as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $17,462 for engineering and design; $11,633 for other distributive costs; $33,768 for erosion protective measures; $2,710 for seepage corrective measures; and $37 for Government-furnished ma- terials. Work by contract consisted of $11,662 for service roads; FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 687 $989 for borrow pit corrective measures; and $30,148 for seepage corrective measures. Total costs for the fiscal year were $108,408. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in October 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the spring of 1953. Work under the project is about 96 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $4,596,639 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------- Appropriated........ $800,000 $716,000 $217,800 $622,100 $210,400 $4,766,000 Cost_ __----------- 226,468 1,189,620 1,151,537 327,386 108,408 4,596,639 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____- ______________-------------- $19,181 12. DEGOGNIA AND FOUNTAIN BLUFF LEVEE AND DRAINAGE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Jackson County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 84 and 100 above the Ohio River. The district embraces practically all the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and between Cora, Ill., on the northwest and the Grand Tower drainage and levee district on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and extending the existing levee system by reconstruction of 8.7 miles of riverfront levee, 0.9 mile of upper flank levee along Degognia Creek, construction of 4.6 miles of new riverfront levee and 4.2 miles of new back levee along the Big Muddy River, and the con- struction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, highway closure structures, surfacing of service road on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage corrective measures, and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when com- pleted, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the Grand Tower drainage and levee district, protection will have been provided to this and the other district named, against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construc- tion cost (1956) is $5,875,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $33,754 for engineering and design; $33,847 for other distributive costs; $5,014 for erosion control measures; $31,501 for .borrow pit corrective measures; $58 for Government-furnished ma- terials; and $3,569 for seepage corrective measures. Work by 688 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 contract consisted of $5,050 for railroad relocations; $70,537 for levee construction; $12,050 for service roads; $28,738 for borrow pit corrective measures; $15,167 for seepage corrective measures; and $57,456 for drainage structures. Total costs for the fiscal year were $296,742 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in September 1945, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the existing project is about 96 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $5,745,599 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---------------- $570,000 $1,102,400 $311,600 $5,875,000 Cost ---------------......... $119,043 $48,617 196,955 1,354,327 296,742 5,745,599 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_________-----------------------_- _ $68,118 13. PERRY COUNTY DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICTS NOS. 1, 2, AND 3, MISSOURI Location. This project is in Perry County, Mo., and Randolph County, Ill., on the right bank of Mississippi River between river miles 94 and 111 above the Ohio River. The project, as enlarged by inclusion of Crain and Puckett Islands, includes that portion of the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and between Red Rock Landing, Mo., and Kaskaskia Island. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by reconstruction of 7.7 miles of riverfront levee, 14.1 miles of back levee, and 4.0 miles of upper flank levee; construction of 7.3 miles of new riverfront levee; and the con- struction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, highway closure structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will afford protection to the district against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1956), including $41,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee repairs, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $6,960,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation for the project were approved by the Secretary of War as follows: Dis- trict No. 1, December 30, 1936; district No. 2, March 16, 1937; district No. 3, September 29, 1936. Requirements of local cooper- ation for all work completed and under construction are fully complied with. Local interests have informally indicated they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the re- FLOOD CONTROL--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 689 maining work as required, provided the Missouri State Legisla- ture enacts enabling legislation to permit district 1 and 2 to assist district 3 financially. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $84,105 for engineering and design; $54,140 for other distributive costs; $20,938 for erosion control measures; $6,052 for borrow pit corrective measures; $15,557 for seepage corrective measures; and $14,652 for Government-furnished materials. Work by con- tract consisted of $189,000 for levee construction; $22,812 for service roads; and $35,206 for borrow pit corrective measures. Total costs for the fiscal year were $442,463. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in December 1937, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1946. Work under the project is about 63 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $4,404,870 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ..... $1,000,000 $796,000 -__-- _---- $265,000 $500,000 $4,510,375 Cost---- 423,497 1,156,333 $776,379 268,885 442,463 4,404,870 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __--- $88, 966 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __-__-_____ _____ 800, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_-- _. _- ______ 1,649, 625 14. PRAIRIE DU ROCHER AND VICINITY, ILL. Location. This project is in Randolph County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 118 and 130 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom land between the river and the bluffs, and extends from the present channel of Prairie du Rocher Creek on the north to the Kaskaskia River on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for reconstructing about 2.4 miles of upper flank levee, constructing 0.5 mile of new upper flank levee, 10.4 miles of new riverfront levee, and 2.8 miles of new lower flank levee, and constructing appurtenant works, con- sisting of gravity drainage structures, highway and railroad closure structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage corrective measures and altering railroads at a levee crossing. The project, when completed, will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 50-year fre- quency. The estimated total construction cost (1956) is $3,876,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 222, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). 690 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $4,898 for engineering and design; $6,904 for other distributive costs; $24,445 for erosion protective measures; $1,462 for seepage control measures; and $34 for Government-furnished materials. Work by contract consisted of $25,691 for borrow pit corrective measures; $5,118 for seepage corrective measures; and -$1,800 for drainage facilities. The total costs were $66,751 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in August 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in April 1951. Work under the project is about 98 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $3,809,189. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------- Appropriated........ $900,000 $653,000 -$105,247 $118,647 $44,600 $3,862,000 _----------__._ Cost_ -158,473 1,098,981 467,096 88,806 66,751 3,809,189 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $25,216 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__________________________ 14, 000 15. STRINGTOWN-FORT CHARTRES AND IVY LANDING, ILL. Location.. This project is in Monroe and Randolph Counties, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between miles 130 and 137 above the Ohio River. The project includes all of the String- town district and the downstream portion of the Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing district and includes the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and extends from Prairie du Rocher Creek on the south to the north boundary of the Stringtown district. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minnea- polis.) Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and ex- tending the existing levee system by reconstruction of 4.7 miles of existing riverfront levee, construction of 2.6 miles of new river- front levee, reconstruction of 2.3 miles of existing lower flank levee, construction of 0.4 mile of new lower flank levee, and ap- purtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, one highway closure structure, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage corrective measures and altering railroads at one levee crossing. The project, when com- pleted, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing drainage district and the Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district, pro- FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 691 tection will have been provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1956) is $2,128,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $1,059 for engineering and design; $812 for other distributive costs; -$109 for Government-furnished materials; $2,933 for erosion protective measures; and $691 for seepage corrective measures. Contract work consisted of -$620 for seepage con- trol measures. The total costs were $4,766 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in January 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the project is about 99 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $2,113,081. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--_ ______- - $400,000 _ -$34,000 -$2,000 $2,127,997 Cost-- __- .-- --- $65,109 328,293 $148,996 36,395 4,766 2,113,081 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ________________________ $14,916 16. FORT CHARTRES AND IVY LANDING DRAINAGE DISTRICT NO. 5, ILL. Location. This project is in Monroe County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 137 and 141 above the Ohio River. The district includes that portion of the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs, the Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and the levee district No. 2 on the north and the north boundary of the Stringtown district on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of about 3 miles of riverfront levee and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, seepage correc- tive measures and surfacing of service roads on the levee crown. The project does not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of author- ized work in the Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district and the Stringtown-Ford Chartres and Ivy Landing district, protection will have been provided this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1956) is $1,150,000. The proj- ect was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. 692 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $3,532 for engineering and design; $1,605 for other distributive costs; $1,565 for erosion protective measures; $2,916 for seepage corrective measures; and $42 for Government-furnished ma- terials. Work by contract consisted of $5,856 for seepage cor- rective measures; and claim -$704. Total costs for the fiscal year were $14,813. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in August 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the project is about 97 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $1,122,805 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ... _ ___..... __ $249,909 $47,200 $72,800 -$18,000 $1,151,985 Cost- -__ -__-______ $426 139,339 120,045 54,199 14,813 1,122,805 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __________________ _ -_____________- $29,162 17. HARRISONVILLE AND IVY LANDING DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT NO. 2, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Monroe County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 141 and 156 above the Ohio River. The district is bounded by Fountain Creek and the Mississippi River on the north and west, on the east by the bluffs and by Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district No. 5 on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by the reconstruction of about 9.8 miles of riverfront levee, 5.4 miles of flank levee, the construction of 6.2 miles of new levee, and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, Fountain Creek diver- sion channel, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage corrective measures and altering railroad at one levee crossing. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but upon com- pletion ,of authorized work in the Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district and the Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing district, protection will have been provided this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year fre- quency. The estimated total construction cost (1956) is $4,378,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 693 Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $3,590 for engineering and design; $2,006 for other distributive costs; $1,612 for erosion protective measures; $5,911 for seepage corrective measures; and $8 for Government-furnished materials. Work by contract consisted of $7,996 for seepage corrective measures; and -- $2,010 for a claim. Total costs for the fiscal year were $19,114. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in May 1946, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the existing project is about 99 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $4,335,995 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ............. -, - _- - - $321,347 $108,653 $28,000 $4,378,000 Cost_ ------------ - $3,700 $388,044 444,283 117,146 19,114 4,335,995 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -_______________________----__ $39,489 18. COLUMBIA DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT NO. 3, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Monroe County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 157 and 166.5 above the Ohio River. The district embraces most of the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and between Fountain Creek on the south and Columbia Creek on the north. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis. Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by the reconstruction of about 10.4 miles of riverfront levee and 9.7 miles of flank levee, and the construc- tion of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage struc- tures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, seepage corrective measures, and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1956), including $45,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee repair, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $2,901,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $4,030 for engineering and design; $4,564 for other distributive costs; $12,712 for erosion control measures; $2,541 for seepage corrective measures; and $8 for Government-furnished materials. Work by contract consisted of $11,250 for seepage corrective measures; and $5,696 for drainage structures. Total costs for the fiscal year were $40,801. 694 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in June 1938, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1941. Work under the project is about 91 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $2,644,509 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-.----.- $400,000 $299,000 -$116,500 $256, 500 $2,917,000 Cost_---__------- - 78,495 492,687 269,503 $50,008 40,801 2,644,509 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $242, 491 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ __ -16, 000 ___-_________________ 19. WILSON AND WENKEL AND PRAIRIE DU PONT DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICTS, ILL. Location. This project is in Monroe and St. Clair Counties, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 166 and 175 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and extends from the approach to the Jefferson Barracks bridge north to Prairie du Pont Creek. The district is now known as the Prairie du Pont drainage and levee district. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. The project, as adopted by the act of June 22, 1936, provided for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by the reconstruction of about 3.7 miles of riverfront levee and 3.6 miles of upper flank levee; construction of 3.6 miles of new lower flank levee; and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, highway closure structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit corrective measures and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 200-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1956) is $5,160,000. The project was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The project was modified by the Flood Control Act approved Septem- ber 3, 1954, to eliminate the lower flank levee and to substitute therefor 2.4 miles of riverfront levee and 2.4 miles of lower flank levee along Columbia Creek to provide flood protection for Fish Lake drainage and levee district No. 8, Illinois (H. Doc. No. 396, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation were ap- proved by the Secretary of War on November 14, 1939. Assur- ances for modification of the project were approved by the Di- FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 695 vision Engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Division, November 10, 1955. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $104,335 for engineering and design; $17,463 for other distribu- tive costs; $3,861 for erosion control measures; and $4,512 for seepage corrective measures. Work by contract consisted of $1,027 for railroad relocation; $64,431 for levee construction; $4,747 for borrow pit corrective measures; $342 for seepage cor- rective measures; and - $400 for liquidated damages assessed contractors. Total costs for the fiscal year were $200,317. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in November 1935, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the project is about 40 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $2,073,195 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ......... .... . _ ----------- $280,000 $485,000 $2,342,097 Cost--- ----- ---- $69,689 $91,462 137,641 $291,199 200,317 2,073,195 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -_ $323, 576 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _________-____ 1,000,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ -_ __ _ ______-- 1, 817, 903 20. MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI Location. The protective works will be located on the right bank of Mississippi River from Maline Creek to Franklin Avenue, between river miles 187.2 and 180.2; from Poplar Street to Chippewa Street, between river miles 179.2 and 176.3; and the Chain of Rocks city waterworks. The area to be protected includes the low-lying lands along the river front of St. Louis between the river and higher ground. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for rais- ing Chain of Rocks waterworks levee about four feet; construc- tion of 27,900 feet of earth levee; 32,900 feet of reinforced con- crete floodwall; 27 closure structures; underseepage relief mea- sures; 18 pumping stations; 10 new pressure interceptor sewers; pressurizing 3 existing sewers; and construction of 17 low-level collector sewers. The project when completed will provide pro- tection to the heavily industrialized area along the river front from Maline Creek to Franklin Avenue and Popular Street to Chippewa Street and Chain of Rocks city waterworks against a flood of about 200-year frequency. The estimated total construc- 696 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINBERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 tion cost, revised in 1956, is $123,000,000. The project was authorized by Public Law 256, 84th Congress, 1st Session, ap- proved August 9, 1955 (S. Doc. 57, 84th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. In order to promote coordination of plan- ning, design and construction of the project for the city of St. Louis and to form a basis for programming and budgeting funds, the city of St. Louis and the Corps of Engineers, St. Louis District, have entered into a memorandum of understanding. In connection therewith, the mayor of the city of St. Louis has furnished a letter stating that the city will sponsor the project for purposes of providing local cooperation; and funds have been authorized in a recent bond issue, passed by the city for accom- plishing local cooperation, including a cash contribution now estimated at $2,740,000. Operations and results during the fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been started. Planning will be initiated in fiscal year 1957. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ____ $551, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 122, 449, 000 21. EAST ST. LOUIS AND VICINITY, ILL. Location. This project is in St. Clair and Madison Counties, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 175 and 195 above the Ohio River. The project includes all the bottom lands bewteen the bluffs on the east and Mississippi River and Chain of Rocks Canal on the west, and extends from Cahokia diversion channel on the north to Prairie du Pont Creek on the south. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by the reconstruction of about 9.0 miles of riverfront levee, 4.9 miles of upper flank levee, 7 miles of the lower flank levee, construction of 0.9 mile of new riverfront levee, and 0.6 mile of riverfront floodwall, together with the necessary appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, closure structures at highway crossings, alterations and recon- struction of existing pumping plants, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, seepage corrective measures, and making necessary alterations to railroad tracks and bridges at levee crossings. Approximatly 10 miles of the project riverfront levee need not be constructed as protection will be provided along this reach by the levee constructed as part of the Chain of Rocks Canal. The project, when completed, will afford protection to the area against a flood of about 200-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1956) is $20,200,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. FLOOD CONTROL--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 697 Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation for the entire project were approved by the Secretary of War on March 24, 1937. Local interests have provided evidence of acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all work completed or under construction and have indicated they will be able to fulfill local cooperation and requirements for the remaining work as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $226,002 for engineering and design; $129,442 for other dis- tributive costs; $21,775 for erosion protective measures; $7,168 for seepage corrective measures; $2,400 for pumping plants; and - $3,905 for Government furnished materials. Work by contract consisted of $112,394 for levee construction; $7,433 for service roads; - $25 for floodwalls; $221,313 for seepage corrective measures; $73,468 for drainage structures; $214,451 for pump- ing plants; and $30,986 for lift stations. Total costs for the fiscal year were $1,042,903. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in November 1937, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1942; the locally constructed levee has never been overtopped. Work under the existing project is about 34 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $6,951,677 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........$1,500,000 $1,294,000 $100,000 $650,000 $1,285,000 $7,804,200 Cost..........-...... 411,921 1,261,519 891,726 690,839 1,042,903 6,951,677 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $402, 140 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - - - 2, 000, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________________________ 10, 395, 800 22. WOOD RIVER DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. The project lies in Madison County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 195 and 203 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and extends from the Cahokia diversion channel on the south to opposite lock and dam No. 26 at Alton, Ill., on the north. The small industrial cities of Hartford, Wood River, Roxana, and East Alton and part of the Alton riverfront, lie within the district. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and extending the existing levee system; and includes the reconstruc- tion of 5.4 miles of existing flank levee along Wood River, 2.6 698 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 miles of existing lower flank levee along Cahokia diversion chan- nel, and 0.6 mile of existing lower flank levee along Indian Creek; construction of 2 miles of new flank levee along Wood River; 8.1 miles of new riverfront levees along the Mississippi River; and 1.4 miles of new lower flank along the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad; together with the necessary ap- purtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, high- way and railroad closure structures, alterations to existing or construction of new pumping plants, surfacing of service road on the levee crown, making necessary alterations to railroad tracks and bridges at levee crossing, seepage corrective measures and construction of a low-water dam at the mouth of Wood River. The project when completed will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 200-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1956) is $15,200,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Local interests have provided cash contri- butions amounting to $49,290 for construction. Assurances for 47-foot levee grade were approved by Secretary of War on January 28, 1946. Assurances covering the 52-foot levee grade are yet to be furnished. Local interests have fully complied with requirements for all work completed or under contract. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $165,860 for engineering and design; $44,035 for other distribu- tive costs; $36,383 for erosion protective measures; $4,185 for seepage corrective measures; and $41 for Government-furnished materials. Work by contract consisted of $17,915 for levee con- struction; $11,937 for seepage control measures; $5,361 for drainage structures; and $139,747 for pumping plants. The total costs for the fiscal year were $425,463 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in July 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1952. Work under the project is about 59 percent complete. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $8,923,101, including $49,290 contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _ ..... $915,000 $844,000 $500,000 $345,000 2 $726,290 $8,839,290 Cost--- ------------ 461,175 1,391,842- 1,123,414 669,420 425,463 8,923,101 1 Includes $49, 290 contributed funds. 2 Includes $26, 290 contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $225, 741 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___ ___ ___________ _ 1,300,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- ------ ______- 5,018, 210 FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 699 23. URBAN AREAS AT ALTON, ILL. Location. The protective works will be located on the left bank of Mississippi River along the Alton riverfront from the Missouri and Illinois bridge and Belt Railroad bridge to the foot of Mill Street in Alton, between river miles 202.7 and 203.3. The area to be protected includes the low-lying lands along the riverfront of Alton between the river and high ground. (See folder by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, of Navigation Charts, Middle and Upper Mississippi River, Cairo to Minneapolis.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a combination of 870 feet of earth levee, 1,295 feet of concrete floodwall, and 1,145 feet of cellular steel sheet-pile wall backfilled with dredged material for flood protection, and an improved interior drainage system, including pressure and gravity sewers and a pumping plant. The project when com- pleted will provide protection to the low-lying area of Alton, Ill., against a flood of about 200-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost, revised in 1956, is $4,660,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 397, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. City of Alton has indicated it will sponsor the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $33,711 for engineering and design, and $3,001 for other distribu- tive costs. Total costs for the fiscal year were $36,712. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been started. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $36,712 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..------------------------------------------------ $37,000 $37,000 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------ 36,712 36,712 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ..... $202 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 60, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------------4,563, 000 24. CARLYLE RESERVOIR, UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, ILLINOIS Location. The Carlyle Reservoir will be located on the -Kas- kaskia River, Ill., extending from about mile 107 to mile 155 above the mouth of that river, which enters the Mississippi River at mile 118 above the mouth of Ohio River. The dam will be located at mile 107, about one mile upstream from the town of Carlyle, and the proposed reservoir will extend northeastward through Clinton, Marion, and Fayette Counties, Ill. (See U. S. Geological Survey state and quadrangle maps.) 700 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a compacted earthfill dam across the main valley floor, and a reinforced concrete spillway with tainter gates and sluices. The crest of the dam will be at elevation 474, approxi- mately 55 feet above the valley floor. The total length of the structure including the spillway section will be about 6,535 feet. The spillway structure will consist of an ogee overflow section surmounted by seven 40-foot by 30-foot tainter gates. The outlet works for controlling discharge under normal operating con- ditions will consist of four rectangular 8-foot by 10-foot sluices located in the nonoverflow section of the spillway. Because of the topography near the dam it will be necessary to construct 3 earthfill saddle dams, 1 north and 2 east of Carlyle, in order to contain the maximum pool level proposed for the reservoir. Total length of these embankments will be about 35,650 feet. The maximum reservoir area will be 57,500 acres. The total storage capacity is 983,000 acre-feet, of which 700,000 acre-feet will be for flood control, 233,000 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abatement, fish and wildlife, and recreational use, and 50,000 acre-feet for sediment retention. Total drainage area above the dam site is 2,680 square miles. The storage of flood- waters in the reservoir will provide substantial flood control benefits to about 42,000 acres of land on Kaskaskia River outside levee districts below the dam, in addition to providing navigation and flood control benefits on the middle and lower Mississippi Rivers, and recreation, pollution abatement, water supply and fish and wildlife benefits on the Kaskaskia River. The Carlyle Reservoir was made eligible for selection as a unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other puropses in the upper Mississippi River Basin under the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The latest estimate of the cost of the project (revised in 1956) is $33,000,000 of which $27,797,500 is for construction and $5,202,500 is for lands and damages. Local cooperation. None required; however local interests have indicated they will contribute $485,000 for the cost of pro- viding water supply in the reservoir. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $95,096 for engineering and design; and $8,504 for other dis- tributive costs. Total costs for the fiscal year were $103,599. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project has not been started. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $148,308 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 701 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--....... ------------------------------------......... $50,000 $100,000 $150,000 Cost---------- ------------------------------------ 44,709 103,599 148,308 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __--_ $438 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - -____ ___________ ____-___ - 205, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___ -________ ________--- 32, 645, 000 25. UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, ST. LOUIS DISTRICT Location. The Mississippi River Basin above the Ohio River, exclusive of the Missouri River Basin, in the St. Louis District. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps for Illinois and Missouri and quadrangle maps.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the upper Mississippi River Basin described in the Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and authorized $6,600,000 for reservoirs and $2,700,000 for local flood-protection works on the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers; the reservoirs and local protection projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The act specifically provides that the authorization shall include the enlargement and extension of a system of levees located on the south side of the Sangamon River east of Chandlerville, Ill., as set forth in House Document No. 604, 75th Congress, 3d session. The Flood Con- trol Act of December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated the additional sum of $10, million for prosecution of the comprehen- sive plan, including the Red Rock Reservoir on the Des Moines River. The Flood Control Act of July 24, 1946, authorized an additional appropriation of $10 million for prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, authorized an additional appropriation of $15 million for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The following individual projects located in the St. Louis district were considered in the comprehensive plan. 702 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Reservoirs Total estimated Name Tributary basin State cost Meramec 4_--_............ -- -- -- -- -- - -- - -- - - - -- -. - - - - -- - - - .- - - Meramec--------------_ - Missouri------------------ - -- 1 $25,100,000 Union 4..... do . do ----- -------- 116,200,000 Cedar Hill 4_------- . do....------------------..do. _------------------ 121,400,000 Carlyle 2.---------------. Kaskaskia ------------- Illinois ......-------------------- 33,000,000 Joanna-----------------Salt.........------------------ Missouri ------------------ 42,600,000 1 Estimate revised in 1954. 2 See individual report for details of project. a Estimate revised in 1956. 4 To be restudied. Estimated construction costs of levee Mississippi River: Wood River levee project, Illinois 1 2_____________ $15, 200, 000 Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing, Ill. 1 2 2, 128, 000 Kaskaskia Island levee project, Illinois 3_______________ 3, 050, 000 Grand Tower levee project, Illinois 1 2_____ 4, 766, 000 Miller Pond levee project, Illinois 4 164, 052 Illinois River: Meredosia Lake and Willow Creek levee, Illinois 4 ________ 249,738 Kaskaskia River, Ill.: Levees between New Athens and Carlyle, Ill. 5__ __ 7, 700, 000 1 See individual report for details of project. 2 Estimate revised in 1956. a Estimate revised in 1954. 4 Complete. 6 To be restudied. Operations and results during fiscal year. There were no costs for general studies on the development of the comprehensive basin plan. Condition at end of fiscal year. The progress of work on levee projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual reports. The total costs and expenditures for general studies for the development of the comprehensive basin plan to June 30, 1956, were $823,643.51 from regular funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------....... -$4,272 ------------------- _-_-------- $823,644 Cost----------------- 4,272 ---------------------------------------------- 823,644 FLOOD CONTROL---ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 703 26. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual quired to Report Operation complete 1 for- Construction and mainte- nance 1. Cache River diversion, Ill...---------------- 1953 $2,837,114---------------(2) 2. Emergency bank protection for certain high- way and railroad facilities at Price Land- ing, Mo. (Sec. 12, Flood Control Act of Dec. 22,1944)..----.................... . 1950 --------------- 50,000 (2) 3. Emergency repairs to levees on Mississippi, Illinois and Kaskaskia Rivers, and flood fighting and rescue work (Sec. 5, Flood Con- trol Act of Aug. 18, 1941, as amended)...... 1953 -------------- $1,033,279 (3) 4. Emergency protection for certain highway and railroad facilities at Chester, Ill. Bridge (Sec. 12, Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944)....-------------------------------- 1952 50,000------------ (2) 5. Emergency protection for Illinois approach, Chain of Rocks Bridge (Sec. 12, Flood Con- trol Act of Dec. 22, 1944)... 1946.2,000...... 1946 2 0 (2) 6. Kaskaskia Island drainage and levee district, Il.49 1949 296,521 -------------- $2,753,500 7. McGee Creek levee and drainage district, Illinois River, Ill.' 9_________ ______________ 1940 597,000 8. Meredosia Lake and Willow Creek drainage and levee districts, Illinois River, Ill-------....... 1944 249,738 -----------.-- (2) 9. Riverland drainage district, Mo. s------------1938 4 - ------ ------. 288,000 10. St. Genevieve levee district No. 1, Mo. 9 _... 1949 ----------------............ 1,720,000 11. St. Louis County - - - - - - - - - and 7 - - - - - drainage levee - - - - - - - - - - - - -dis- trict, Mo. 9.. ............... ___ __.. 1938 ---------------------------- 695,000 12. Wiedmer Chemicals 8 - - - - - drainage - - - -levee - - - - - - - and - - - - dis- - - - - trict, Mo. 9_ 1938 511,000 13. Miller Pond drainage district, Ill---------_ - 1955 164,052 ------------- (2) 14. Chouteau, Nameoki, and Venice drainage and levee district, Ill-----.. --. - -------- 1955 185,700 -------------- (2) 1 Revised in 1954. 2 Completed. 3 Work complete pending another flood. 4 Work deferred pending a review of H. Doc. 669, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which may modify the project recommended in H. Doc. 727, 77th Cong., 2d sess., authorized by the Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944. 5 Work deferred pending decision regarding alterations to Wabash RR. bridge at Meredosia, Ill. 6 Low-lying lands in this district acquired under authority of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 26, 1937; protection for remaining lands in the district deferred pending further study. 7 May be modified due to selection of this area by city of St. Louis for a second major airport, which would require greater protection than previously contemplated. 8 Action deferred pending further study. 9 Inactive project. 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS During the fiscal year costs incurred were $10,795 for semi- annual levee inspection; $2,921 for inspection of completed works; and $1,251 for other distributive costs. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $51,317. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........------------......... $4,000 $12,100 $12,000 $15,000 $51,350 Cost-------....... ------.........--------- 3,966 12,134 12,000 14,967 51,317 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------- $33 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 .. 15, 000 704 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 28. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing.of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control (Sec. 208 of the'1954 Flood Control Act). There was no work done during the fiscal year. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $167,728. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------- $23,700 $6,000 -$60 ------------ $167,728 Cost--------------------------- 16,290 13,350 ------------------------ 167,728 Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue work. (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legisla- tion.) Pursuant to these authorizations a total of $13,641,237 has been allotted to the St. Louis District to June 30, 1956, for emergency flood-control work, exclusive of $55,415 contributed funds. Re- vision of flood emergency manual, inspection of nonfederal levees, engineering, and construction of bank protection for the Elsberry levee district were performed at a cost of $83,694. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956, includ- ing fiscal years 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 prior to1952 Maintenance: Appropriated-....... $1,020,000 $395,800 $2,390 $106,500 -$11,817 $13,641,237 Cost--------------- 1,024,178 377,406 48,593 10,884 83,694 13,641,132 29. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of all general investigations during the fiscal year were $67,793. There were no accounts receivable; and expendi- tures were $67,793. The anticipated allotment of $242,800, plus an unexpended balance of $7,127, will be applied to collection and study of basic data and to advancement of completion of work on the following reports: Salt River, Ste. Genevieve-St. Marys, Crystal City-Festus, Mississippi River above Missouri River (agricultural areas), Miller City, Comprehensive Harbor, Cache River, Harrisonville Interior Drainage, and Kaskaskia and Big Muddy Navigation. Cost of examinations and surveys for the fiscal year was $65,330. 30. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT During the fiscal year work was performed on sedimentation studies. Collection and study of basic data cost $2,463 during the fiscal year. 4 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT The Galveston District comprises the drainage basin of all the short streams arising in the coastal plain of Texas and flowing into the Gulf of Mexico, including the entire basin of Buffalo Bayou, San Jacinto, San Bernard, Lavaca, Navidad, Mission, and Aransas Rivers. It also includes the lower basins of the major streams flowing into the Gulf as follows: Sabine River, Texas and Louisiana, below Orange; Neches River below Beaumont; Trinity River below Liberty; Brazos River below the confluence with Navasota River; Colorado River below Austin, Gualdalupe River below the confluence with the San Marcos River; San An- tonio River below Goliad; Nueces River below Calallen. It further embraces the coastal area situated to the east of the Mis- souri-Pacific Railroad between Calallen and Raymondville, and all of Starr, Hidalgo, Cameron, and Willacy Counties, covering the Lower Rio Grande Valley. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation--Continued Page Page 1. Sabine-Neches Waterway, Tex. 705 16. Projects on which reconnais- 2. Gulf Intracoastal Waterway saice and condition surveys between Apalachee Bay, only were made during the Fla., and the Mexican Bor- fiscal year. _ ___ _____ __ 754 der (Galveston District)_. - 711 17. Other authorized navigation projects---------.---..... 3. Galveston Harbor and Chan- 754 nel, Tex_ 719 4. Texas City Channel, Tex ---- 5. Channel to Port Bolivar, Tex_ 722 724 18. Bridge Alteration of Bridges relocation, Corpus 6. Houston Ship Channel, Tex--_ 726 Christi, Texas (Port Aran- 7. Double Bayou, Tex______ 730 sas-Corpus Christi Water- 8. Anahuac Channel, Tex- ... 730 way, Tex) --------------- 755 9. Trinity River and tributaries, T ex -- - - - - - - - - - 731 Flood Control 10. Cedar Bayou, Tex__ 734 19. Buffalo Bayou, Tex . _ 756 11. Chocolate Bayou, Tex ------ 736 20. Other authorized flood-control projects_ - - - - - -- - 759 12. Freeport Harbor, Tex - ..... 737 21. Flood-control work under spe- 13. Channel from Pass Cavallo to cial authorization__ ___..... 759 Port Lavaca, Tex ... ...... 740 14. Port Aransas-Corpus Christi GeneralInvestigations Waterway, Tex............ 742 22. Examinations and surveys__ 760 15. Brazos Island Harbor, Tex. - 749 23. Research and development.... 760 1. SABINE-NECHES WATERWAY, TEX. Location. This is a consolidation of the old improvements of "Harbor at Sabine Pass and Port Arthur Canal" and "Sabine- Neches Canal, including Sabine River to Orange and Neches River to Beaumont, Texas." Sabine Pass is on the Gulf of Mexico, approximately 58 miles east of Galveston and 280 miles west of Southwest Pass, Mississippi River. It connects Sabine Lake with the Gulf of Mexico. The Port Arthur Canal extends from near the upper end of Sabine Pass to the Port Arthur docks at the mouth of Taylors Bayou, a distance of 7 miles. Near its upper 705 706 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 end, the Sabine-Neches Canal joins and extends to the mouth of the Neches and Sabine Rivers. The waterway next extends up the Neches River to Beaumont and up the Sabine River to Orange. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 517 and 533.) Previous projects. The original project for improvement of Sabine Pass was adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1875, and subsequent projects and modifications by River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882, June 3, 1896, June 13, 1902, and June 19, 1906. The Port Arthur Canal was conveyed to the United States free of cost in 1906, and the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912, incorporated it in the project. The Sabine and Neches Rivers were first improved under the River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, and March 3, 1899, and the Sabine-Neches Canal was first improved under the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1905, and March 2, 1907. The project was enlarged by the River and Harbor Acts of February 27, 1911, July 25, 1912, March 2, 1919, and September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 1863 of Annual Report for 1915 for the Sabine and Neches Rivers, Sabine Pass, and Port Arthur Canal, and page 985 of the report for 1916 for Sabine-Neches Canal. (See also pp. 1100 and 1105 of Annual Report for 1921 and p. 874 of Annual Report for 1926.) Existing project. The existing project dimensions provided for in the various channels and basins comprising the waterways are shown in the following tabulation: Adopted project dimensions Section of Sabine-Neches Waterway, Tex. Depth in Bottom width in feet feet below mean low Gulf level Sabine Pass outer bar channel ------------------------- 800 . 37 Sabine Pass Jetty channel... ---............................-- 500 at inner end, increasing (1) to 800 at outer end. Sabine Pass channel_---------------------------------500-------------------------- 36 Sabine Pass anchorage basin-----. .--.---------------- 800 by 3,000 long, exclusive 34 of channel. Port Arthur Canal__---------------------------------- 400---.. ............---------------- 36 Entrance to Port Arthur turning basin .. ..----------------- 250 to 540.. .....--------------- . 36 Port Arthur: East turning basin-____ .__._---__. ------ .__--- _ 420 by 1,800 long _-_------ 36 West turning basin-_ --------- _------------------------ 600 by 1,700 long _- 36 Channel from Port Arthur west turning basin to Taylors 250.------------------------- 36 Bayou turning basin. Taylors Bayou turning basin...------------------------- 150 to 1,000 by 2,900 long .... 36 Sabine-Neches Canal: Port Arthur Canal to mouth of Neches River--...---......400....-----...-------------- 36 Mouth of Neches River to mouth of Sabine River __... 200-_ _____-------------- 30 Neches River, mouth to Beaumont turning basin, including 350.... _____------------------------36 cutoffs. Beaumont turning basin_______---------------- 500 by 1,500 long .------------ 34 Beaumont turning basin extension------_ ---------------- 350 by 2,300 long .--------- 34 Neches River from Beaumont turning basin to vicinity of 200 ..-------------------------- 30 Pennsylvania shipyard. Sabine River mouth to cutoff near Orange --------------- 200-----.-------------------- 30 Sabine River to Orange municipal wharf--_ ---- -- _-- ___---- 200 by 3,000 long.------------ 30 Sabine River cutoff to highway bridge------------------- 150 --------- ------------- 30 Adams Bayou_------------------- ----------------- 100-------------------------- 12 Cow Bayou: Channel- ....-.. -100 ..... 13 Turning basin_ -.---- _...-------------------- - -300 ....- by 500_----- 13 136 at inner end, increasing to 37 at outer end. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 707 The project also provides for two stone jetties at the Sabine Pass entrance from the Gulf of Mexico, the western jetty to be 21,860 feet long and the eastern jetty to be 25,270 feet long. The project further provides for the removal of the guard lock in the Sabine-Neches Canal, the construction of suitable permanent protective works along the Sabine Lake frontage owned by the city of Port Arthur to prevent dredged material from entering Sabine Lake and to prevent the erosion of the material deposited, the reconstruction of the Port Arthur Bridge, and the relocation of the Port Arthur field office. The mean tidal variation at the entrance is about 11/2 feet, at Port Arthur about 1 foot, and at Orange and Beaumont about five-tenths foot. Prolonged north winds during the winter sea- son have depressed the water surface as much as 3.4 feet below mean low tide while tropical disturbances have caused heights as much as 7 feet above mean low tide. The estimated cost for new work is as follows: Federal (Corps of Engineers) $23,898,000 (July 1956), exclusive of amount expended on previous projects, and non-Federal $3,035,500 (July 1956), including $385,500 contributed funds and value of useful work performed. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $908,000 (July 1956), exclusive of $2,400,000 (July 1956) estimated cost of rehabilitating jetties. The widen- ing and deepening of the channel between Port Arthur west turning basin and Taylors Bayou turning basin, and the channel extension above the Cow Bayou turning basin near Orangefield portions of the project are considered to be inactive and are ex- cluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of these por- tions was last revised in September 1954, and was estimated to be $73,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 Existing project dimensions of jetties, a 26-foot chan- H. Doc. 773, 61st Cong., 2d sess. nel through Sabine Pass, Port Arthur Canal, and Port Arthur turning basin; a new turning basin at Port Arthur, 26 feet deep, 600 feet wide, and 1,700 feet long; a 25-foot depth in Sabine-Neches Canal, Neches River to Beaumont and Sabine River to Orange, including cutoffs and widening of the channels as recommended by the Chief of Engi- neers and approved by the Secretary of War, and purchase of a new dredge. Sept. 22, 1922 Deepening the channels to 30 feet from the Gulf to H. Doc. 975, 66th Cong., 3d sess. Beaumont, with increased widths and an anchor- age basin in Sabine Pass 32 feet deep over an area of about 2,000 by 1,000 feet. Do-....... Deepening the Port Arthur turning basin and con- S. Doc. 152, 67th Cong., 2d sess. necting channels thereto to 30 feet. For taking over and deepening Taylors Bayou turning basin and connecting channel to 30 feet. For a 30-foot depth in the channel from the mouth of Neches River to cutoff in Sabine River near Orange. Mar. 3, 1925 Removal of guard lock in Sabine-Neches Canal- ... H. Doc. 234, 68th Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21, 1927 Increased widths of channels as follows: Sabine Pass H. Doc. 287, 69th Cong., 1st sess. jetty channel and Sabine Pass to 300 feet, Port Arthur Canal to 200 feet; Sabine-Neches Canal, from Port Arthur Canal to mouth of Neches River, to 150 feet. For dredging, 2 passing places in Sabine- Neches Canal, easing of bends, removal and recon- structing Port Arthur field office, extending Beau- mont turning basin upstream 200 feet above the See footnotes at end of table. 708 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents new city wharves, and for an anchorage basin in Sabine Pass, 4,500 feet long, 800 feet wide, and 30 feet deep. Aug. 30, 19351 A depth of 32 feet in the channels from the Gulf to the Rivers and Harbors Committee Beaumont turning basin, including all turning Doe. 27, 72d Cong., 1st sess. basins at Port Arthur. Do...____ Deepening the channels to 34 feet with increased Rivers and Harbors Committee widths from the Gulf to the Beaumont turning Doc. 12, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Basin, including all turning basins at Port Arthur. Do....... Construction of suitable permanent protective works Specified in act. along the Sabine Lake frontage owned by the city of Port Arthur. Aug. 26, 1937 Taking over and maintaining channel from Sabine Rivers and Harbors Committee River to Orange municipal wharf. Doc. 3, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Do .......Dredging 500 feet from the eastern end of Harbor Rivers and Harbors Committee Island and for abandonment of the channel south Doec. 20, 75th Cong., 1st sess. and west of Harbor Island. June 20, 19382 Increased widths of channels from the Gulf to the H. Doe. 581, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Beaumont turning basin and channel connecting Port Arthur west turning basin and Taylors Bayou turning basin, deepening the Beaumont turning basin and Beaumont turning basin extension to 34 feet; and for dredging a new cutoff from Smiths Bluff cutoff to McFaddin Bend. Oct. 17, 1940 Abandonment of the Orange turning basin; dredge a S. Doe. 14, 77th Cong., 1st sess. channel 25 feet deep, 150 feet wide, suitably widened on bends, to the highway bridge and dredge a cutoff channel opposite Orange 25 feet deep and 200 feet wide, approximately 2,400 feet long. Mar. 2, 1945 Extension of Beaumont turning basin upstream 300 H. Doc. 685, 76th Cong., 3d sess. feet. Do ...... Widening Port Arthur west turning basin to 600 feet- S. Doc. 60, 77th Cong., 1st sess. Do....... Dredging a channel from the Beaumont turning S. Doe. 158, 77th Cong., 2d sess. basin to vicinity of Pennsylvania Shipyard, 200 (contains the latest published feet wide and 30 feet deep. maps). July 24, 19463 Deepening the Sabine Pass outer bar channel to 37 H. Doe. 571, 79th Cong., 2d sess. feet and the Sabine Pass jetty channel to 37 feet at the outer end, decreasing to 36 feet at the inner end, deepening to 36 feet Sabine Pass Channel, Port Arthur Canal, Port Arthur east and west turning basins, Taylors Bayou turning basin, and the channel from Port Arthur west turning basin to Taylors Bayou turning basin, deepening to 36 feet and widening to 400 feet the Sabine-Neches Canal from Port Arthur Canal to the mouth of Neches River except through Port Arthur bridge; deepen- ing the Neches River channel from the mouth to the Beaumont turning basin to 36 feet with widen- ing to 350 feet from Smiths Bluff to the Beaumont turning basin; deepening the junction area on Neches River at the Beaumont turning basin to 36 feet; and widening the Sabine-Neches Canal be- 4 tween the Neches and Sabine Rivers to 150 feet. Do. ...... Improvement of Cow Bayou, Tex., by the construc- H. Doc. 702, 79th Cong., 2d sess. tion of a channel 100 feet wide and 13 feet deep at mean low tide and about 7.7 miles long, extending from the navigation channel in Sabine River to a point 0.5 mile above the county bridge at Orange- field, Tex., with a turning basin 300 feet wide, 500 feet long, and 13 feet deep at Orangefield. Do....... Improvement of Adams Bayou, Tex., to provide a H. Doe. 626, 79th Cong., 2d sess. channel 12 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide on bottom extending from the 12-foot depth in the Sabine River to the first county highway bridge across the bayou, a distance of about 8,600 feet. May 17, 1950 Deepening to 36 feet and widening to 400 feet the H. Doe. 174, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Sabine-Neches Canal in the vicinity of Port Arthur bridge; reconstruction of the Port Arthur Bridge and relocation of the Port Arthur field office. Sept. 3, 1954 Channel rectification as follows: widening to 350 feet S. Doec. 80, 83d Cong., 2d sess. the entrance channel to the Port Arthur turning basins; widening the curve at the junction of Port Arthur and Sabine-Neches Canals; relocation and enlargementof the Sabine Pass anchorage basin to a depth of 34 feet, a width of 1,500 feet, and a length of 3,000 feet; widening to 200 feet the Sabine-Neches Canal from the mouth of Neches River to the mouth of Sabine River and the Sabine River Chan- nel to the upper end of the existing project at Orange, except for the channel around Harbor Is- land at Orange; deepening to 30 feet the Sabine RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 709 Acts Work authorized Documents River Channel from the cutoff near the Orange municipal slip to the upper end of the project, ex- cept around Harbor Island; and enlarging the area at the entrance to the Orange municipal slip to provide a maneuvering basin. 1 Previously authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. 2Complete widening of channel between Port Arthur west turning basin and Taylors Bayou turning basin considered to be inactive. 8 Complete deepening of channel between Port Arthur west turning basin and Taylors Bayou turning basin considered to be inactive. 4 Channel extension above Cow Bayou turning basin near Orangefield considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the inactive portions of the project and for the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. Cooperation remaining con- sists of (a) furnish free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) relocate and alter existing pipelines, utility crossings, and piers or wharves affected by the modified project; and (c) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the modified project. Terminal facilities. Modern terminal facilities adequate for present commerce exist. (See pp. 839 and 840, Annual Report for 1938, and Port Series No. 22 (revised 1946), Corps of Engineers.) A number of small privately owned docks have been con- structed at various locations along the waterway since 1946. Terininal facilities have been constructed in the Port Arthur turning basin by Warren Petroleum Co. and the U. S. Steel Products Co., in Old Taylors Bayou by Gulf Oil Corp., at Sabine Pass by Magnolia Petroleum Co., and in the Sabine-Neches Canal at Port Arthur by Burton Construction & Shipbuilding Co. Modernization and enlargement of terminal facilities have been performed at a number of terminals including Bethlehem Ship- yards, Burton Shipbuilding Co., Gulf Oil Corp., Atlantic Refining Co., Kansas City Southern Railway Co., Port of Beaumont, Pure Oil Co., Sun Oil Co., and Magnolia Petroleum Co. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $34,474. Repairs to the protective bulkhead on Sabine Lake at Port Arthur by Government plant and hired labor were performed at a cost of $232. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for reconstruction of the jetties with stone and concrete cap were made at a cost of $6,777. Surveys were made for proposed contract dredging in fiscal year 1957 at a cost of $3,114. A total of 2,552,963 cubic yards of material was removed from 30,488 linear feet of channel at a cost of $246,947 as follows: 710 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cubic Linear feet Government plant Location Period yards of Channel Cost or contract removed dredged Contract --------------.. . Sabine River Channel_ June 1 to 16, 1956_ 195,939 4,500 $58, 967 Contract --------------- Sabine Pass Channel__ July 1 to 7, 1955- 187,523 1,500 28,984 Government hopper Outer bar and jetty Dec. 10 to 23, 2,169, 501 24,488 158,996 dredge A. Mackenzie. channel. 1955. Jan. 2 to Mar. 5, 1956. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $291,544. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 66 percent complete, exclusive of inactive portions. The Sabine Pass jetties are completed to full project dimensions. Enlarge- ment of the Sabine Pass outer bar and jetty channels, Sabine Pass Channel, Port Arthur Canal, turning basins at Port Arthur, Sabine-Neches Canal, the Neches River from its junction with the Sabine-Neches Canal to the Beaumont Turning Basin, Adams Bayou, Cow Bayou to and including the turning basin, relocation of Port Arthur field office, and reconstruction of the Port Arthur bridge was completed. The work remaining consists of rectifica- tion of certain reaches of the existing Sabine Pass Channel, Sabine-Neches Canal, and Neches River and Sabine River Chan- nels; widening to 350 feet the entrance channel to the Port Arthur turning basins; widening the curve at the junction of Port Arthur and Sabine-Neches Canals; relocation and enlargement of the Sabine Pass anchorage basin to a depth of 34 feet, a width of 1,500 feet, and a length of 3,000 feet; widening to 200 feet the Sabine-Neches Canal from the mouth of Neches River to the mouth of Sabine River and the Sabine River Channel to the upper end of the existing project at Orange for the channel around Harbor Island at Orange; deepening to 30 feet the Sabine River Channel from the cutoff near the Orange municipal slip to the upper end of the project, except around Harbor Island; and enlarging the area at the entrance to the Orange municipal slip to provide a maneuvering basin; with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable. The controlling depths over usable widths at mean low tide in the various channels and basins were as follows: Sabine Pass outer bar channel, 36 feet; Sabine Pass jetty channel, 35 feet; Sabine Pass Channel, 27 feet; Sabine Pass anchorage basin, 31 feet; Port Arthur Canal, 32 feet; Port Arthur entrance to and including east and west turning basins, 25 feet; channel connect- ing Port Arthur west turning basin with Taylors Bayou turning basin, 31 feet; Taylors .Bayou turning basin, 28 feet; Sabine- Neches Canal from Port Arthur to mouth of Neches River, 29 feet; Neches River, mouth to Beaumont turning basin, 29 feet; Beaumont turning basin, 35 feet; Beaumont turning basin ex- tension, 35 feet; Neches River Channel from Beaumont turning basin extension to vicinity of Pennsylvania shipyards, 24 feet; Sabine-Neches Canal, Mouth of Neches River to mouth of Sabine River, 30 feet; Sabine River, mouth to cutoff near Orange, 26 feet; Channel to Orange municipal wharf, 29 feet; Sabine River RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 711 cutoff to highway bridge at Orange, 26 feet; Adams Bayou, 13 feet, and Cow Bayou, including turning basin at Orangefield, 11 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds .........----------------------------- $13,874,590 $13,649,150 $27,523,740 Public works funds- ..-.. - __ ..---- . - 1,363,_652---------------. ----- 1,363,652 Total United States funds -......... 15,238,242 13,649,150 28,887,392 Contributed funds (existing project) . 353,500-353,500 353,500 Total all funds ----------------------- 15,591,742 13,649,150 29,240,892 Value of useful work performed .......... 32,000 -------------------- 32,000 Total cost of project_ 15,623,742 13,649,150 29,272, 892 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------...... . $430,500 -$20,000 -$7,718 ----------------------- $20,419,074 Cost ---------------- 708,972 343,795 2,832 ------------.----------- 20,419,074 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- 439,185 685,050 584,230 $746,190 $273,000 16,042,737 Cost---------------- 424,647 543,401 753,514 717,856 291,544 16,028,827 1 Includes $5,180,832 for new work and $2,379,677 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $931,007 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated, for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------- --- $695, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------------------- 695, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------------- 37,965,000 $ Excludes portions considered to be inactive, Corps of Engineers cost only. 2. GULF INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN APALACHEE BAY, FLA., AND TIHE MEXICAN BORDER (GALVESTON DISTRICT) Location. This section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway extends from a point on the Sabine River about 3 miles below Orange, Tex., to Brownsville, Tex., a distance of about 421 miles; with a flood-discharge channel, about 7 miles in length, in the Colorado River, extending from Matagorda, Tex., to the Gulf of Mexico; a tributary channel in the San Bernard River, extending from the Intracoastal Waterway crossing to the State highway bridge some 30 miles above the crossing; a tributary channel in the Colorado River, extending from the Intracoastal Waterway upstream a distance of 17 miles; a tributary channel about 14 miles in length extending from the Intracoastal Waterway to Palacios, Tex.; a tributary channel about 2 miles in length, ex- tending from the Intracoastal Waterway to Rockport, Tex.; a tributary channel about 6 miles in length extending from the 712 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Intracoastal Waterway near Port Aransas, Tex., to the town of Aransas Pass, Tex.; a tributary channel about one-fourth mile in length extending from the Intracoastal Waterway near Port O'Connor, Tex., into Barroom Bay; a tributary channel extending about 45.5 miles from the Intracoastal Waterway by way of Seadrift to a point in the Gualdalupe River 3 miles above Victoria, Tex.; a harbor of refuge for small craft at Seadrift; a tributary channel in Red Fish Bay extending from the Intracoastal Water- way to Port Mansfield, Tex., a distance of about 11/2 miles; and a tributary channel in the Arroyo Colorado extending from the Intracoastal Waterway to a point near Harlingen, Tex., a distance of about 31 miles and side channels in the vicinity of Port Isabel, Tex. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1116, 1117, 592, 533, 1279, 1280, 1282, 1283, 1284, 1285, 1286, 1287, and 1288.) Previous projects. Sabine River-Galveston Bay section: None. a. West Galveston Bay and Brazos River Canal, Tex., River and Harbor Acts of July 13, 1892, July 8, 1896, and June 13, 1902, the latter providing for the purchase of the Galveston and Brazos River Canal, and the act of March 2, 1907. b. Channel between Brazos River and Matagorda Bay, Tex., River and Harbor Acts of June 25, 1910, and March 2, 1919. The act of July 25, 1912, provided for the construction of highway bridges at points where the waterway intersected existing county roads. c. Channel from Pass Cavallo to Aransas Pass, Tex., River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1907, and July 25, 1912. d. Guadalupe River, Tex., River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1102 of the Annual Report for 1922; pages 941, 944, and 947 of Annual Report for 1926; and page 845 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water over a bottom width of 125 feet, with such passing places, widening at bends, locks or guard locks, and railway bridges over artificial cuts as are necessary from the Sabine River to Brownsville, Tex.; for the purchase or con- struction of a 20-inch pipeline dredge; for the maintenance of a suitable flood-discharge channel in the Colorado River from Matagorda, Tex., to the Gulf of Mexico; for a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the San Bernard River, extending from the main channel to the State highway bridge some 31 miles above the mouth of the stream; for a tributary channel in the Colorado River 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, extending from the main channel upstream a distance of 17 miles, with a turning basin of the same depth, 400 feet wide and 500 feet long at the head of the improvement; for a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Palacios, Tex., through Trespalacios and Matagorda Bays to the main channel; for a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the main channel to the harbor at Rockport, Tex., and improvement of that harbor to a depth of 9 feet; for rerouting the main channel along the north shore of RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 713 Red Fish Bay between Aransas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay with no change in present authorized dimensions; for a tributary chan- nel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide from the main: channel near Port Aransas, Tex., to the town of Aransas Pass, Tex., ending in a basin of the same depth, 300 feet wide and 2,200 feet long; straighten and widen to 125 feet the connecting channel to Conn Brown Harbor and maintenance of Conn Brown Harbor, all to a depth of 12 feet; a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide extending from the main channel in San Antonio Bay to Victoria, Tex., for a side channel to Seadrift 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide connecting with the tributary channel to Victoria in San Antonio Bay; for a harbor of refuge at Seadrift 9 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long with an entrance channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the side channel to Seadrift; for a tributary chan- nel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide in Red Fish Bay from the main channel to Port Mansfield with a turning basin 400 feet by 600 feet and 12 feet deep at Port Mansfield; for a tributary channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide from the main channel to the vicinity of Harlingen, Tex., via the Arroyo Colorado with a turning basin 12 feet deep, 400 feet wide, and 500 feet long at the upper end; for side channels 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide and 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide leading from Laguna Madre around the south part of Port Isabel, Tex., a total length of 11/2 miles; for an alternate channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide across South Galveston Bay between Bolivar Peninsula and the Galveston Causeway; and for operating and care of the waterway. From the Sabine River (3 miles below Orange, Tex.) to the Port Arthur Canal, from Port Bolivar to the west end of Galveston Channel, from Port Aransas to Corpus Christi and from Port Isabel to Brownsville, Tex., the waterway coincides with deep water channels improved and maintained under other projects. The mean tidal variation is 0.5 foot at Orange, 1 foot at Port Arthur, 1.3 feet in Galveston Bay, 1.5 feet at Freeport, 1 foot in Matagorda Bay, 1 foot in San Antonio Bay, 1 foot at Corpus Christi, 1.5 feet at Port Isabel, and 1.5 feet at Brownsville. The extreme ranges of tide under ordinary conditions are 1 foot at Orange, 1.5 feet at Port Arthur, 2 feet in Aransas Bay, 2.0 feet at Freeport, 1.5 feet in Matagorda Bay, 1.5 feet in San Antonio Bay, 1.5 feet at Corpus Christi, 2 feet at Port Isabel, and 1.5 feet at Brownsville. The height of tides is dependent largely on the wind. Strong north winds have depressed the water surface as much as 2 feet below mean low tide. The modified route of the main channel between Aransas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay is subject to the provision that no dredg- ing shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of any wharf or structure, the proposed drawbridge piers and fenders near Aransas Pass, Tex., being excepted from this provision. The tributary channel in the Colorado River is subject to the provision that no dredging shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of any wharf or structure excepting the highway bridge which crosses the river at mile 8.3. The tributary channel from Palacios, Tex., through Trespa- 714 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 lacios and Matagorda Bays, the tributary channel to Aransas Pass, Tex., and the tributary channel to Harlingen, Tex., are subject to the provision that no dredging shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of any wharf or structure. The estimated cost for new work is as follows: Federal (Corps of Engineers) $33,360,000 (July 1956), exclusive of amount ex- pended on previous projects, and non-Federal $10,996,000 (July 1956), including $360,000 voluntarily expended. The upper 31/ miles of the tributary channel in the San Bernard River, channel into Barroom Bay, and the upper 5 miles of the tributary channel to Harlingen via the Arroyo Colorado are portions of the project to be restudied. The estimated cost of the modifications including these portions is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate and was estimated in July 1954 to be $3,886,000 of which $1,851,000 has been completed. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,834,000 (July 1956), including $411,750 for operation and care of structures. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents' Mar. 3, 1925 Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, from Sabine H. Doc. 238, 68th Cong., 1st sess. River to Galveston Bay, and for a 20-inch pipeline dredge. Jan. 21, 1927 Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, from Galves- Do. ton Bay to Corpus Christi. Aug. 26, 1937 Maintenance of a flood-discharge channel in the Senate Committee print, 75th Colorado River. Cong., 1st sess. June 20, 19382 Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in San Bernard H. Doc. 640, 75th Cong., 3d sess. River, Tex. Do.....----Channel in the Colorado River, 9 feet deep and 100 H. Doc. 642, 75th Cong., 3d sess. feet wide, with a turning basin. Do..----- Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Palacios H. Doc. 564, 75th Cong., 3d sess. through Trespalacios and Matagorda Bays. Do...._. Channel 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the main H. Doc. 641, 75th Cong., 3d sess. channel to the harbor at Rockport, and improve- ment of that harbor to a depth of 9 feet. Do....... Channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the main H. Doc. 643, 75th Cong., 3d sess. channel to Aransas Pass, Tex. July 23, 1942 Enlargement of waterway from Sabine River to Public Law 675, 77th Cong. Corpus Christi and its extension to Brownsville, Tex., so as to provide a depth of 12 feet and width of 125 feet throughout. Mar. 2, 19458 Channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide from main chan- H. Doc. 428, 76th Cong., 1st sess. nel near Port O'Connor, Tex., into Barroom Bay. Do .- Enlargement of channel from main channel to Aran- H. Doc. 383, 77th Cong., 1st sess. sas Pass, Tex., to provide a depth of 9 feet and width of 100 feet. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide from main S. Doc. 248, 78th Cong., 2d sess. channel to Red Fish Landing, Tex., with a turning 4 basin. Do. . Channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide from main H. Doec. 402, 77th Cong., 1st sess. channel to vicinity of Harlingen, Tex., via Arroyo (See PL 14, 79th Cong.) Colorado, with a turning basin. July 24, 1946 Filling a portion of the shallow-draft channel adja- H. Doe. 627, 79th Cong., 2d sess. cent to the Port Isabel turning basin, construction of a channel to connect the shallow-draft channel with the main channel near the shoreline of Laguna Madre, and enlargement of the shallow-draft chan- nel west of this connection, all to a depth of 12 feet and bottom width of 125 feet. Do_ ... Rerouting the main channel along the north shore of H. Doc. 700, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Red Fish Bay between Aransas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay with no change in present authorized dimensions and to provide for deepening the tribu- tary channel from Port Aransas to the City of Aran- sas Pass to 12 feet and extension of the turning basin to a length of 2,200 feet at the same depth. May 17, 1950 Alternate channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide across H. Doc. 196, 81st Cong., 1st sess. South Galveston Bay between Port Bolivar and the Galveston causeway. RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 715 1 Acts Work authorized Documents May 17, 1950 "Red Fish Landing" changed to "Port Mansfield, Public Law 516, 81st Cong. Tex." July 12, 1952 Incorporate as a part of the Intracoastal Waterway, Public Law 527, 82d Cong., 2d a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the sess., and H. Doc. 247, 76th main channel by way of Seadrift to a point on the Cong., 1st sess. Guadalupe River 3 miles above Victoria, Tex., authorized by River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, 1945. Sept. 3, 1954 Small craft harbor 9 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 1,000 H. Doc. 478, 81st Cong., 2d sess. feet long at Seadrift with an entrance channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide connecting with the side channel to Seadrift. Do....... Widen tributary channel between Port Aransas and H. Doe. 376, 83d Cong., 2d sess. the city of Aransas Pass to 125 feet; straighten and widen to 125 feet the connecting channel to Conn Brown Harbor, and maintaining Conn Brown Harbor at Federal expenses, all to a depth of 12 feet. 1H. Doc. 230, 76th Cong., 1st sess., and the project documents contain the latest published maps. 2 Dredging upper 33 miles to be restudied. 2 To be restudied. 4 Dredging upper 5 miles to be restudied. Operating and care of the waterway was included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropria- tions Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for portions to be restudied and the following, local interests being required to: (1) furnish free of cost to the United States rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for construction and maintenance for re- routing the main channel along the north shore of Red Fish Bay between Aransas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay (act of. July 24, 1946) ; (2) for the tributary channel in the Colorado River, pro- vide without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance (act of June 20, 1938) ; (3) for the navi- gation channel on the Guadalupe River to Victoria, Tex., furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for construction and for subsequent maintenance as required, hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may result from the construc- tion and maintenance of the channel, bear all costs of required bridge modification and give assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of the Army that they will provide adequate terminal facilities, including turning basins at Seadrift and Victoria; (4) for the refuge harbor for small craft at Seadrift, furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction and subse- quent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and subse- quent maintenance; and construct and maintain without cost to the United States suitable mooring facilities with free and equal access to all vessels during storm periods (act of Sept. 3, 1954) ; and (5) for widening to 125 feet the tributary channel from Port Aransas to the City of Aransas Pass, including the channel into Conn Brown Harbor, furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and subsequent maintenance, when and as re- 716 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 quired; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the project (act of Sept. 3, 1954). Terminal facilities. There are terminal facilities at Orange, Port Arthur, Galveston, Freeport, Port Lavaca, Port Aransas, Corpus Christi, Port Isabel, and Brownsville where this waterway coincides with channels improved under other projects. (See Port Series No. 22 (Revised 1946), No. 23 (Revised 1948), and No. 25 (Revised 1948), Corps of Engineers, and reports on Freeport Harbor; Channel from Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca, and Brazos Island Harbor, Tex.). There are privately owned piers and wharves at Port Bolivar, Palacios, Fulton, Rockport, Seadrift, North Seadrift, and Aransas Pass, and municipal wharves at Palacios and Aransas Pass. An assembling basin 300 feet wide by 5,500 feet long with mooring facilities, Government owned, was completed in December 1954 at Port Bolivar, Texas, for interchange purposes of navigation between shallow- and deep-draft channels. The facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Re- vision of the Definite Project Report for the Guadalupe River, Channel to Victoria was started at a cost of $751. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for slope protection on the east Colorado River lock were made at a cost of $1,930, and 523 sections of articulated concrete slab mattresses and 5,812 square yards of mud oystershell were placed under contract during the period December 8, 1955 to January 26, 1956, at a cost of $34,455. Maintenance: The Mud Bayou Bridge near High Island, Tex., the Brazos River floodgates near Freeport, Tex., and the Colorado River locks, near Matagorda, Tex., were operated and maintained by hired labor at a cost of $26,936, $72,598, and $67,042, respec- tively. Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and re- ports were made at a cost of $69,190. Work on the experimental cathodic protection system at the Brazos River floodgates during the fiscal year was performed by hired labor at a cost of $2,393. Work under contract for construction of rest piers for the Mud Bayou Railroad bridge was continued during the period July 1 to 27, 1955, at a cost of $5,866. Work under contract for slope protection on the east Colorado lock was done at a cost of $5,238. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for reestablishing reference line piling in Aransas Bay and Laguna Madre were made at a cost of $877 and work under contract for driving reference line piling in Aransas Bay and in Laguna Madre was done during the period February 4 to 25, 1955, at a cost of $8,882. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for dredging at Port O'Connor and between Turnstake Island and Live Oak Point were made at a cost of $6,372 and work under contract was done at a cost of $283. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for dredging between Freeport and Matagorda Bay were made at a cost of $5,858 and work under contract was done at a cost of $587. A new water pump was installed in the waterwell on the west side of Brazos River floodgate by contract during the period RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 717 October 7 to 9, 1955, at a cost of $1,355. The conversion of the signal system at Mud Bayou Bridge from battery to commercial power was done at a cost of $1,446. The removal of snags, stumps, trees, and other debris from the channel between the Brazos River and Matagorda Bay by Government plant and hired labor was done at a cost of $1,747. A total of 2,353,899 cubic yards of material was removed by contract from 95,320 linear feet of channel at a cost of $404,895 as follows: Cubic Linear feet Location Period yards of channel Cost removed dredged Port Isabel to Mud Flats------ - _ July 1 to 20, 1955.......------------ 260,712 4,100 $36,194 Galveston to Bastrop Bayou _....- .. July 1, to 24 1955------------ 150,925 17,800 18,595 High Island to Bolivar------_ -_ Oct. 3 to 25, 1955; Feb. 11 to 363,297 16,400 63,795 25,1956; June 17 to 30,1956. Port Isabel to Mud Flats . Feb. 11 to June 30, 1956..... ..----------- 1,501,229 54,390 268,475 San Bernard River Crossing and San Jan. 15 to 28, 1956--------.........---. 77,736 2,630 17,836 Bernard River. The total cost for all work for fiscal year was $718,701, of which $37,136 was for new work and $681,565, including $234,549 for operation and care of Mud Bayou Bridge, Brazos River flood- gates, and Colorado River locks, was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 76 percent complete exclusive of portions to be restudied. The dredging of the main channel from the Sabine River to Rockport and from Corpus Christi Bay to Port Isabel was completed. The tributary channel in the San Bernard River was completed to 26 miles upstream. The tributary channel via the Arroyo Colorado to Harlingen was completed to the Southern Pacific Railroad bridge about 5 miles east of Harlingen, Tex. The tributary channel to Palacios, to Aransas Pass, and Rockport, Tex., was completed. Channel to and turning basin at Port Mansfield were completed. Shallow draft side channels in the vicinity of Port Isabel, Tex., were completed. Construction of a railway bridge near High Island, Tex., of two floodgates at the Brazos River crossing, and of two floodgates at the Colorado River crossing were completed. Conversion of Colorado River floodgates into locks has been completed except for erosion control in the lock chambers. Work remaining consists of dredging the modified route of the main channel in the vicinity of Aransas Pass, Tex., tributary channel in the Colorado River, dredging tributary channel to Victoria, Tex., including the side channel to and harbor of refuge at Seadrift; widening the tributary channel to Aransas Pass, Tex. The controlling depths over usable widths at mean low water were 11.0 feet from the Sabine River to Galveston; 10.2 feet from Galveston to Freeport Harbor; 9.5 feet from Freeport Harbor to the Colorado River; 10 feet from the Colorado River to Port O'Connor; 8.4 feet from Port O'Connor to Corpus Christi; 9.0 feet from Corpus Christi Bay to Banderia Island (Mile 616 west of Harvey lock); 11.5 feet from Banderia Island to the Arroyo 718 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Colorado; 10.5 feet from the Arroyo Colorado to Port Isabel; Colorado River flood discharge channel, 1 foot across Gulf bar, 9.0 feet to main channel, 8.0 feet in the lower 26-mile reach and 2.3 feet in the upper reach of the tributary channel in the San Bernard River; 8.2 feet in the lower 2-mile reach, 3.3 feet in the lower 8-mile reach and not navigable in the reach above mile 8 of the tributary channel in the Colorado River; 6.3 feet in the harbor basin and 8.8 feet in the dredged portion of the tributary channel to Rockport, Tex.; 8.7 feet in the tributary channel to Palacios, Tex.; 6.6 feet in the Bay across San Antonio Bay to Seadrift, but 0 feet along the proposed location of channel Victoria; 10 feet in the tributary channel to Aransas Pass, Tex.; 0 feet in the branch channel into Barroom Bay; 11.5 feet in the channel to Port Mans- field; 7.8 feet in the completed portion of the tributary channel to Harlingen, Tex.; and 9.0 feet in the side channels at Port Isabel, Tex. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total - -- -- - - -- --- -- -- -- - Regular fundsl ______ __ $24,702,815 $13,437,992 $38,140,807 Public works funds--_ .---- --- -- 466,477 -------------------- 466,477 Total United States funds-----------......... 25,169, 292 2 13,437,992 38,607,284 Value of useful work performed (Contributed) __------------------- ---- 360,000- -------------------- 360,000 Total cost of project__-.---.--------. 25,529,292 13,437, 992 38,967,284 1Includes Guadalupe River, Tex. 2 Does not include the following cost for operation and care: The total cost of operation and care of the Mud Bayou Bridge, Brazos River floodgates, and the Colorado River floodgates and/or locks to June 30, 1956, was $5,051,516, including $33,173 of permanent indefinite appropriation funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .....-------- $925,386 $1,143,000 $649,600 $33,000 $4,104 $25,880,250 Cost___--_------- _ 778,167 1,891,733 729,309 173,133 37,136 25,876,000 Maintenance: Appropriated ____ 1,356,489 1,424,590 1,381,462 570,200 924,806 20,387,572 Cost --------------- 1,274,321 1,766,375 888,880 1,092,600 2 673,730 20,016,073 1Includes $706, 709 for new work and $1,526,564 for maintenance for previous projects. ? Difference of $7,835 between fiscal year 1956 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to charge off of project owned stock to feature of work. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ $4, 249 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------ -- -- 199, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------ 203, 249 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 3 9, 837, 000 s Excludes portions deferred for restudy, Corps of Engineers cost only. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 719 3. GALVESTON HARBOR AND CHANNEL, TEX. Location. This is a consolidation of the authorized improve- ments at Galveston, Tex., which includes the projects formerly identified as Galveston Harbor, Tex.; Galveston Channel, Tex.; and the Galveston seawall extension. The entrance to Galveston Harbor is located on the Gulf of Mexico, on the northern portion of the coast of Texas, 328 miles west of Southwest Pass on the Mis- sissippi River and 278 miles northeast from the mouth of the Rio Grande. Galveston Channel extends from a point in Galveston Harbor between Bolivar Peninsula and Fort Point across the former inner bar to and along the wharf front of Galveston, and has a length of about 5 miles and a width of 1,200 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 520.) Previous projects. The original project for the improvement of Galveston Harbor, Tex., was authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, June 14, 1880, and August 5, 1886. For. further details see page 1854, Annual Report for 1915, and page 851, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project provides for a channel 800 feet wide and 38 feet deep, from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico to a point between the jetties 2 miles west of the seaward end of the north jetty, thence 800 feet wide and 36 feet deep to Bolivar Roads; a channel 36 feet deep at mean low tide and 1,200 feet wide from Bolivar Roads (outer end of the old inner bar near Fort Point) to 43d Street; for two rubblestone jetties extend- ing from Galveston Island (on the south) and Bolivar Peninsula (on the north) into the Gulf of Mexico (the south jetty being 35,- 900 feet long and the north jetty 25,907 feet long) ; the construc- tion of 13 groins to protect the seawall along the Gulf shore from about 12th to 61st Street, Galveston, Tex.; for an extension of the seawall, which lies along the Gulf front of Galveston, from its angle at 6th Street and Broadway to the south jetty, with protec- tion at its junction with the south jetty, and for an extension of the existing seawall in a southwesterly direction from its present terminus near 61st Street for a distance of approximately 16,300 feet along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. Under ordinary conditions, the mean tidal range in Galveston Harbor is 1.6 feet on the outer bar and 1.4 feet on the inner bar with extreme ranges of 2.3 and 2.1 feet, respectively. The mean tidal range in Galveston Channel is about 1.3 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet under ordinary conditions. The height of the tides in both Galveston Harbor and Channel is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimated cost for new work is as follows: Federal (Corps of Engineers) $15,017,000 (July 1956), and non-Federal $3,796,- 000 (July 1956), including $3,580,000 cash contributions. Exten- sion of the 32-foot channel from 43d to 57th Street in the city of Galveston over a width of 1,200 feet to 51st Street and 1,000 feet thence to 57th Street is to be restudied and the cost of the modifica- tions including these portions is excluded from the foregoing 720 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 cost estimate. The cost of the modifications was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $1,944,000, of which $1,611,000 has been completed. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of the project is $634,000 (July 1956), exclusive of $5,700,000 (July 1956) estimated cost of rehabilitating jetties. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 Construction of 2 rubblestone jetties at entrance to H. Doec. 85, 49th Cong., 1st sess. Galveston Harbor. and Annual Report, 1886, p. 1311. June 13, 1902 A channel 1,200 feet wide and 30 feet deep from Boli- H. Doe. 264, 56th Cong., 2d sess. var Roads (outer end of the old inner bar near Fort Point) to 51st St.' Mar. 3, 1905 Purchase or construction of a hydraulic pipeline Specified in act. dredge. Mar. 2, 1907 Extension of the jetties to present project length and H. Doec. 340, 59th Cong., 2d sess., construction and operation of a dredge. and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doe. 11, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Do....... Extension of Galveston Channel from 51st to 57th H. Doe. 768, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Sts., with depth of 30 feet and width of 700 feet.' June 25, 1910 Conditional extension of the Galveston Channel H. Doec. 328, 61st Cong., 2d sess. between 51st and 57th Sts.,2 with a depth of 30 feet and a width of 1,000 feet. July 27, 1916 Extension of the sea wall at Galveston from angle at H. Doe. 1390, 62d Cong., 3d sess. 6th St. and Broadway to a point abreast of the nearest battery at Fort San Jacinto. July 18, 1918 Deepening the harbor channel to 35 feet and widening H. Doe. 758, 65th Cong., 2d sess. to 800 feet for an experimental period of 2 years. Sept. 22, 1922 Further extension of the seawall at Galveston to a H. Doec. 693, 66th Cong., 2d sess. junction with the south jetty and protereion of this junction; and for repairing the seawall in front of the Fort Crockett Reservation. Jan. 21, 1927 Deepening Galveston Channel to 32 feet; and main- H. Doe. 307, 69th Cong., 1st sess. tenance of Galveston harbor channels to dimen- sions of 800 feet wide, 35 feet deep on outer bar and 34 feet deep on inner bar.' Aug. 30, 19354 Maintenance of State Highway Ferry Landing Chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee nals to dimensions of 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide. Doe. 31, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Construction of 13 groins along Gulf Shore from 12th H. Doe. 400, 73d Cong., 2d sess. to 61st Sts., in city of Galveston, at a limited cost of $234,000. (10 groins were constructed under this limitation.) Do....... Deepening Galveston Channel to 34 feet from Bolivar Rivers and Harbors Committee Roads to 43d St. Doec. 61, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Do...---- Deepening Galveston Entrance Channel to 36 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee from the Gulf of Mexico to a point 2 miles west of Doec. 57, 74th Cong., 1st sess. seaward end of north jetty. Apr. 4, 19385 Completion of the project for the construction of 13 PL 463, 75th Cong. groins. June 30, 1948 Deepening Galveston Harbor to 38 feet from the 6 H. Doec. 561, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Gulf to a point 2 miles west of seaward end of north jetty and 36 feet thence to Bolivar Roads; revoking authority for maintenance of ferry channels, and deepening Galveston Channel to 36 feet from Bolivar Roads to 43d St., provided that no dredging be done by the United States within 50 feet of any existing pierhead, pierhead line, wharf, or structure. May 17, 1950 Constructing an extension of the existing Galveston 6 H. Doe. 173, 81st Cong., 1st sess. seawall from its present terminus near 61st St., in a southwesterly direction for a distance of approxi- mately 16,300 feet along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. 1Dredging 46th to 51st Streets to be restudied. 2To be restudied. 3 Deepening 43d to 57th Streets to be restudied. 4 Previously authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. 5 Public Law No. 463, 75th Cong. 6 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the furnish- ing by local interests of assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 721 from claims for damages due to the construction and maintenance of the Galveston Channel portion of the project as modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948, and furnishing land ease- ments required by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, in connection with the extension of the Galveston seawall subsequent to the initial extension by local interests. Terminal facilities. There are no terminals on Galveston Har- bor, but it is the entrance channel leading to the extensive terminal facilities located on Galveston Channel, Texas City Channel, and Houston Ship Channel. The terminal facilities on Galveston Chan- nel are located almost entirely on the south side of the channel. The principal wharves are owned by the city of Galveston and extend from 10th Street to 41st Street. Piers and transit sheds have been constructed and timber bulkheads and aprons have been replaced with steel bulkheads, and concrete aprons and concrete slab decks at piers 10, 11, 12, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, and 40. (Code Nos. 958, 917, 915, 912, 910, 909, 907, and 905, Port Series No. 23, revised 1948). Facilities are listed in the above Port Series and Port Series No. 6, Part 1, Corps of Engineers, and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condi- tion surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $8,335. Minor repairs to the existing seawall ex- tension slope and pavement were made at a cost of $207. A total of 2,060,559 cubic yards of material was removed from 37,300 linear feet of channel at a cost of $314,861 as follows: Cubic Linear feet Government plant Location Period yards of Channel Cost or contract removed dredged Contract ----------------- Galveston ChanneL-_ July 1 to Aug. 1,169, 246 5,500 $95,465 21, 1955. Government hopper Inner and outer bar July 1 to 17, 1955_ 91,220 5,000 29,165 dredge A. Mackenzie. channel. Government hopper Inner bar channel..... Apr. 15 to May 366,823 10,100 90,639 dredge A. Mackenzie. 27, 1956. Government hopper Inner and outer bar Aug. 23 to Sep. 433,270 16,700 99,592 dredge Langfitt. channel. 20, 1955. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $323,403. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 57 percent complete exclusive of inactive portions. The jetties were completed in 1910. The 35-foot harbor channel was com- pleted in 1922. The first seawall extension, with fill and paving, was completed in 1926. The 36-foot outer bar harbor channel and the 34-foot Galveston Channel from Fort Point light to 43d Street was completed in the fiscal year 1938. The groins along the gulf side of Galveston seawall were completed in 1939. The inner and outer harbor bar channels were completed in the fiscal year 1950 to depths of 36 and 38 feet, respectively. The westward extension of the Galveston seawall, with fill and paving was approximately 26 percent complete at the end of fiscal year 1954. The work re- maining, exclusive of portions to be restudied, consists of dredging Galveston Channel to a depth of 36 feet from Bolivar Roads to 43d 722 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Street; and completing the 16,300-foot extension of the existing Galveston seawall from its present terminus approximately 5,400 feet southwest of 61st Street in a southwesterly direction along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. The controlling depth over usable widths at mean low tide in the outer bar harbor channel, the inner bar harbor channel, and Galveston Channel were 38 feet, 35 feet, and 30 feet, respectively. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total United States funds (regular): Channel------------------------------- $4,713,760 $13,246,406 $17,960,166 Seawall_- .--__-___ __---- .------ 2,289,214 160,318 2,449,532 Public works funds_-_ -.---.- ------------..------..-.- 13,121 13,121 Total United States funds .......... 7,002,974 13,419,845 20,422,819 Contributed funds-....-.-.. ---.- 3,580,275 ------------------- 3,580,275 Total cost of project ......------------------ 10,583,249 13,419,845 24,003,094 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ---------- ....- ------------------------ ------------ ------------ $15,424,970 Cost--------------- ----------------------------------------- ----- 15,424,970 Maintenance: Appropriated...------....$155,400 $428,077 $383,400 $602,220 $252,500 13,505,495 Cost--- ------------- 329,109 438,368 376,236 545,105 3 321,953 13,505,971 1 Includes $8,421,996 for new work and $86,126 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $3, 580,275 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 8 Difference of $1,450 between fiscal year 56 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and Results during Fiscal Year" is due to liquidation of over-estimation of prepayments for June 1955. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---_---_ 4 $9, 625, 000 4 Excludes portions deferred for restudy, Corps of Engineers cost only. 4. 'TEXAS CITY CHANNEL, TEX. Loction. Texas City is on the mainland of Texas on the west side of Galveston Bay, about 10 miles northwest of the city of Galveston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 520 and 1282.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act ap- proved March 3, 1899, and enlarged by River and Harbor Act ap- proved June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. 328, 61st Cong., 2d sess.). For further details see page 1856, Annual Report for 1915, and page 858, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 36 feet deep at mean low tide and 400 feet wide on bottom from deepwater in Galveston Harbor to the harbor at Texas City, a distance of about 61/2 miles, with a pile dike on its north side 28,200 feet long covered with clay and other material dredged from the channel, with a harbor 1,000 feet wide on bottom and 36 feet deep at mean RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 723 low tide extending approximately 4,250 feet to the southward of the south property line of the Monsanto Chemical Co., and for the construction of a rubblemound dike a short distance south of the existing pile dike and extending between stations -- 1 + 600 (the shore) and 26 +- 000, a distance of 27,600 feet. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1.3 feet and the extreme range is about 2 feet. The height of tide is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" ii the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimated cost for new work is as follows: Federal (Corps of Engineers) $3,444,000 (July 1956), exclusive of amount ex- pended on previous projects, and non-Federal $28,700 (July 1956) all contributed funds. The latest approved estimate of cost of an- nual maintenance of the channel and dike is $164,000 (July 1956), exclusive of $807,000 (July 1956), estimated cost of rehabilitating rubblemound dike. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 4, 1913 A channel 300 feet wide and 30 feet deep and construc- H. Doc. 1390, 62d Cong., 3d sess. tion of a pile dike 28,200 feet long north of channel. July 3, 1930 For a harbor 800 feet wide and 30 feet deep at Texas H. Doc. 107, 71st Cong., 1st sess. City, and the construction of a rubble-mound dike. Aug. 30, 19351 Extension of rubble-mound dike to the shore line.... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 4, 73d Cong., 1st sess. Do_ _... Deepening the channel and harbor to 32 feet __._- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 46, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Do-_ _... Deepening the channel and harbor to 34 feet- ...... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 62, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 An extension to the harbor, 1,000 feet southward, 800 Rivers and Harbors Committee feet wide and 34 feet deep, provided that no dredg- Doc. 47, 75th Cong., 1st sess. ing be done by the United States within 75 feet of any pierhead line or structure. June 30, 1948 Deepen channel and harbor to 36 feet, widening H. Doc. 561, 80th Cong., 2d sess. channel to 400 feet and harbor to 1,000 feet and (contains latest published maps). changing name of project to "Texas City Channel, Tex.," provided no dredging be done by the United States within 50 feet of any existing pierhead, pierhead line, wharf, or structure. 1 Previously authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. Local cooperation. Under the provisions of the River and Harbor Acts of August 26, 1937, and June 30, 1948, local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as required and release the United States from claims for damages attributable to the work of im- provement and furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will construct a common-carrier oil terminal substantially as proposed. None of these conditions have been complied with. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Modern terminal facilities, privately owned, are located on the mainland at the inner end of this chan- nel and are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series, No. 23, revised 1948, Corps of Engineers.) A sea train terminal, privately owned, was completed in 1940. 724 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condi- tion surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $1,668. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for dredging the channel were made at a cost of $2,246 and work was performed under contract during the period October 20 to November 20, 1955, removing 1,249,943 cubic yards of material over a channel length of 29,000 feet at a cost of $133,441. Pre- liminary surveys were made for re-establishing reference line piling at a cost of $14 and five 30-foot reference line piling were replaced under contract during the period October 10 and 11, 1955, at a cost of $549. The total cost for all work for fiscal year was $137,918. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 67 percent complete. The work remaining consists of extending the turning basin 1,000 feet southward and enlarging the project, including the turning basin extension, to a depth of 36 feet over a bottom width of 400 feet in the channel and 1,000 feet in the turn- ing basin. The channel and turning basin, except the authorized ex- tension referred to above, were completed in 1937 to a depth of 34 feet over bottom widths of 300 feet and 800 feet, respectively. The pile dike was completed in 1915; the rubblemound dike in 1934. The controlling depth over a usable width in the channel was 36 feet and in the completed portion of the turning basin was 32 feet at mean low tide. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds -------------------------- - $2,151,680 $4,484,611 $6,636,291 Public works funds--.....---------------------- 136,296 -------------------- 136,296 Total United States funds .......... - 2,287,976 4,484,611 6,772,587 Contributed funds--_ -------------------- -- 28,741--- ... 28,741 Total allfunds_----------------------- 2,316,717 4,484,611 6,801,328 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated...----....------------------ ------------------------------------ $2,654,799 Cost ------------------------------------------ ------------ ------------ 2,654,799 Maintenance: Appropriated- .-- --- $129,000 -$12,130 $130,200 -$13,000 $139,000 4,680,984 Cost-..--------------- 109,797 6,729 112,851 4,562 137,918 4,679,694 fornew work and $195,083 for maintenance for previous projects. 1 Includes $366,823 2 In addition $28,741fornew work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________ _ $1, 156, 000 5. CHANNEL TO PORT BOLIVAR, TEX. Location. Port Bolivar is at the end of Bolivar Peninsula and 4 miles north of the city of Galveston. The channel connects the RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 725 port with the channel in Galveston Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 520.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1856, Annual Report for 1915, and page 860, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean low tide and 200 feet wide on bottom, beginning at deep water in Galveston Harbor and extending to a turning basin 1,600 feet long, with an average width of about 750 feet and 30 feet deep at mean low tide in front of the wharves. Under ordinary condi- tions the mean tidal range is about 1.3 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet. The height of tides is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water sur- face may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimated cost of new work is $85,200 (July 1954), exclu- sive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of the channel and of a portion of the turning basin in front of the highway ferry landing to a depth of 20 feet over a bottom width of 200 feet is $14,500 (July 1956), these dimensions being sufficient to accom- modate existing commerce. The enlargement of the turning basin from 1,000 to 1,600 feet long is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in July 1954, and was estimated to be $71,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Excavation of a channel 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide H."Doc. 328, 61st Cong., 2d sess. with turning basin 1,000 feet square. Mar. 2, 19191 Increase length of turning basin to 1,600 feet and de- H. Doe. 1122, 65th Cong., 2d sess. crease width to about 750 feet. (contains the latest published map. 1Considered to be inactive. Recommended modifications of project. Under date of June 24, 1926, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the project be curtailed by providing for a channel depth of 20 feet, 200 feet wide, with a turning basin of the same depth 500 feet square (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminals are privately owned and consist of 2 slips and 2 piers. The piers, 400 feet wide by 1,200 feet long and 210 feet wide by 1,200 feet long, are badly deterior- ated and not in use. The slips are used as anchorages by shallow- draft vessels. A highway ferry landing owned by the State of Texas is located at the south end of the turning basin. The facili- ties are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Maintenance: Work under contract for dredging a portion of the turning basin in front of the highway ferry landing was done during the period September 16 to 26, 1955, removing 60,570 cubic yards of material from 500 linear feet of channel at a cost of $11,044. 726 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $11,044. 'Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 54 percent complete. The channel, 200 feet wide, and turning basin, 1,000 feet square, were completed in 1912. The work remaining consists of the inactive portion. Project dimensions have not been maintained in the completed part since lesser dimensions are adequate for existing commerce. The controlling depths at mean low tide over usable widths were 20 feet in the channel, 7 feet in the turning basin at entrance to slip No. 3, and 11 feet in the channel to the State highway ferry landing. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $707,749, of which $85,214 was for new work and $622,535 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------........----- ----------- ------------------------------------ $133,925 Cost--- ----------------------------------------------------------------- 133,925 Maintenance: Appropriated .-------...... $4, 500 $470 $7, 000 $8,930 $1,318 668,636 Cost-----------------............. 7,990 371 5,688 798 11,044 668,636 1Includes $48,711 for new work and $46,101 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 2__ ____ ____-_ 0 2Considered to be inactive. 6. HOUSTON SHIP CHANNEL, TEX. Location. The channel connects Galveston Harbor, at a point opposite Port Bolivar, with the city of Houston, Tex., extending 50 miles in a northwesterly direction across Galveston Bay through the San Jacinto River and Buffalo Bayou to a turning basin at the head of Long Reach with light draft channel 7 miles long from the turning basin to Main Street, Houston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1282 and 532.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872, modified in 1877, and by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1879; March 3, 1899; February 20, 1900; March 3, 1905; and March 4, 1913. For further details see page 1856 of the Annual Report for 1915 and page 862 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 36 feet deep at mean low tide from deepwater in Galveston Bay to and including the Houston turning basin, with a width of 400 feet from Bolivar Roads to 5,000 feet above Baytown, thence 350 feet to the mouth of Boggy Bayou, thence 300 feet to the Houston turning basin (about 1,000 feet wide) ; for turning points at the mouth of Hunting Bayou and at the lower end of Brady Island; for such off-channel silting basins on any part of the waterway as the Chief of Engineers may consider advisable; and for suitable widening of the bends at Lynchburg, Norsworthy, Manchester, and Harrisburg. . The proj- RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 727 ect also provides for suitable widening of the channel in front of the navigation district's wharf at Manchester; for certain cutoffs and easing of sharp bends; and for a branch channel 10 feet deep at mean low tide and 60 feet wide in the old channel of Buffalo Bayou behind Brady Island. The mean tidal range under ordi- nary conditions is 0.6 foot to 1.3 feet in the lower part of Galveston Bay; 0.6 foot to 1.3 feet in the upper bay; and 0.5 foot to 1 foot in the San Jacinto River and Buffalo Bayou. The extreme ranges under ordinary conditions are about 2 feet, 1.2 feet, and 1 foot, respectively. Freshets sometimes cause rises of over 12 feet in Buffalo Bayou. The height of the tides, however, is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimated cost for new work is as follows: Federal (Corps of Engineers) $17,853,000 (July 1956), exclusive of amount ex- pended on previous projects, and non-Federal $7,716,000 (July 1956), including $1,365,000 contributed. The construction of a dike 26,000 feet long in upper Galveston Bay and the light draft extension of the channel, 10 feet deep and 60 feet wide, in Buffalo Bayou from the turning basin to the mouth of White Oak Bayou, portions of the project are considered to be inactive and are ex- cluded from the foregoing estimate. The cost of these portions was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $298,000. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,082,000 (July 1956). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 5, 1905 Easing or cutting off sharp bends and construction of Rivers and Harbors Committee a pile dike.' Doc. 35, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1919 A channel 30 feet deep, widening bend at Manchester H. Doe. 1632, 65th Cong., 3d sess. and enlarging the turning basin. Mar. 3, 1925 A light-draft extension of the channel to the mouth of H. Doe. 93, 67th Cong., 1st sess. White Oak Bayou.2 July 3, 1930 Widening the channel through Morgan Point and to H. Doc. 13, 71st Cong., 1st sess. a point 4,000 feet above Baytown and widening certain bends. Aug. 30, 19353 Deepening to 32 feet in the main channel and turning Rivers and Harbors Committee basin, and for a 400-foot width through Galveston Doc. 28, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Bay. Do-......Deepening to 34 feet in main channel and widening Rivers and Harbors Committee from Morgan Point to turning basin. Doc.58, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Branch channel 410 feet deep and 60 feet wide behind H. Doc. 226, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Brady Island. Do....... Widening the channel from Morgan Point to lower H. Doc. 256, 76th Cong., 1st sess. end of Fidelity Island with turning points at the mouth of Hunting Bayou and lower end of Brady Island . Do-....... Widening the channel from lower end of Fidelity H. Doc.737, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Island to Houston turning basin and dredging off- channel silting basins.' June 30, 1948 Deepening the 36 feet from Bolivar Roads to and in- H. Doc. 561, 80th Cong., 2d sess. eluding main turning basin at Houston, Tex., (contains latest published map). including turning points at Hunting Bayou and Brady Island.' 1 Construction of pile dike considered to be inactive. 2 Considered to be inactive. ' Previously authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. ' No dredging within 15 feet of any wharf or structure. SNo dredging within 50 feet of any wharf or structure. 728 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the inactive portions of the project and part of the work authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1945, and June 30, 1948, which is subject to the provisions that local interests shall furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary rights-of-way for the widen- ing and deepening of the channel and suitable areas for the dis- posal of dredged material during initial construction and for future maintenance as and when needed, and release the United States from all claims for damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. Release from damage liability has been accepted by the Secretary of the Army. Local cooperation remaining consists of acquiring land easements from Greens Bayou to the turning basin at Houston, Tex. Terminal facilities. The city of Houston and the Harris County Houston Ship Channel Navigation District have constructed modern terminals which supplement privately owned wharves. The existing facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. (See Port Series No. 24 (revised 1948), Corps of Engi- neers.) Dock No. 8, 624 feet long, dock No. 9, 500 feet long, and dock No. 16, 598 feet long, have been built in the turning basin since 1948 by the navigation district for public use. The General American Tank Storage Terminals have completed a new dock at Pasadena since 1948. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: A total of 1,719,333 cubic yards of material was removed from 19,900 linear feet of channel at a cost of $749,290 as follows: Cubic Linear feet Location Period yards of channel Cost removed dredged Greens Bayou to Washburn Tunnel_._ Dec. 21, 1955 to 30 June 1956_ 2,115,100 15,500 $720,899 Channel behind Brady Island......... June 1 to 30 1956,_-....---.-. 47,769 4,400 28,391 Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspec- tions and reports were made at a cost of $17,802. Work under contract was performed during the period July 11 to November 7, 1955, for rehabilitation of levee around spoil-disposal areas near Pasadena, Tex., removing 88,345 cubic yards of material at a cost of $18,681. Levee repairs in the vicinity of Greens Bayou were done by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $1,002. Miscellaneous surveys, and plans and specifications for dredging between Peggy Lake and Greens Bayou were made at a cost of $4,047. A total of 1,685,596 cubic yards of material was removed from 40,356 linear feet of channel at a cost of $383,579 as follows: Cubic Linear feet Location Period yards of channel Cost removed dredged Greens Bayou to Washburn Tunnel__. Dec. 21, 1955 to June 30, 1956_ 234,000 15,500 $83,840 Washburn Tunnel to Sims Bayou..... July I to Aug. 4, 1955....... 185,467 4,000 93,860 Morgan Point to Baytown............ Oct. 27 to Dec. 12, 1955...... 1,266,129 20,856 205,879 RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 729 The total cost for all work for fiscal year was $1,174,401 of which $749,290 was for new work and $425,111 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 81 percent complete exclusive of the inactive portions. The 34-foot project was completed in 1941. The 36-foot project has been com- pleted from Bolivar Roads to Green's Bayou. Work remaining consists of dredging light-draft extension of channel from the turning basin to the mouth of White Oak Bayou and constructing a dike 26,000 feet long to protect the completed channel in upper Galveston Bay now considered to be inactive; dredging a light-draft channel behind Brady Island; and widen- ing and deepening from vicinity of Washburn Tunnel to the turn- ing basin, including turning points at Hunting Bayou and Brady Island. The controlling depths over usable widths at mean low tide were as follows: Bolivar Roads to Morgan Point, 35 feet; Morgan Point to Baytown, 34 feet; Baytown to Boggy Bayou, 30.5 feet; Boggy Bayou to Manchester, 32 feet; Manchester to the turning basin, 33 feet; in the turning basin, 33.5 feet; light-draft channel from turning basin to mouth of White Oak Bayou, 6 feet; and channel behind Brady Island 5.0 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds--------------------- -------- $11,568,695 $17,967,352 $29,536,047 Public works funds ------------------------ 2,612,932 --------------------- 2,612,932 Total United States funds.------------ 14,181,627 17,967,352 32,148,979 Contributed funds_ ....-------------------- 1,365,000 -------------------- 1,365,000 15,546,627 Total allfunds.............---------------------....... 17,967,352 33,513,979 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: $909,000 Appropriated..-------.... -$27,000 -$8,198 $780,000 .......------..... $18,317,494 Cost ---------------- 578,167 596,680 ..........----------..------------ 749,290 18,286,784 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- 993,000 202,900 585,270 $540,050 340,657 19,181,836 Cost----------------- 1,023,671 715,192 467,787 713,228 425,111 19,180,493 I 2 Includes for new work and $1,213,142 for maintenance for previous projects. $4,105,157 In addition $2, 574,179fornew work and $200,000 formaintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ 3, 616 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---------------------------- 730,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ----------------------------- 733, 616 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------- 2,903, 000 aExcludes portions considered to be inactive, Corps of Engineers cost only. 730 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 7. DOUBLE BAYOU, TEX. Location. This bayou enters upper Galveston Bay on the east side about 30 miles north of Galveston and about 81/4 miles south of Anahuac. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Existing project. The existing project provides for a channel 6 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide through the bar at the mouth of Double Bayou. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 0.5 foot and the extreme range is about 1.2 feet. The height of tides is dependent largely on the winds, and, during strong "northers" in the winter season, the water surface may be depressed 11/2 feet below mean low tide. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $12,000 (July 1956). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 3, 1899 (H. Doc. 387, 55th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities on this waterway are confined to small wharves for local use and an oil dock. They are considered adequate for the present commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Miscel- laneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $92. The total cost for all work for fiscal year was $92. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1941. The controlling depth over a usable width was 5.5 feet at mean low tide. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $235,279, of which $10,310 was for new work and $224,969 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ....... Appropriated------- _ .......-------------------.. -- $10,310 Cost------ --- ---------- ------------------------------------------------ 10,310 Maintenance: Appropriated-----_ -$500 $920 $22,900 -$4,200 . . _ 224,969 Cost----------------- 455 710 1,481 17,375 $92 224,969 8. ANAHUAC CHANNEL, TEX. Location. The town of Anahuac is on the northeast side of up- per Galveston or Trinity Bay, opposite the mouth of the Trinity River, 38 miles north of Galveston and 25 miles northeast of Sea- brook. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Existing project. There is no definite project for this channel. The River and Harbor Act approved March 3, 1905, contained an item for "Improving West Galveston Bay Channel, Double Bayou, and mouths of adjacent streams, including Trinity River, Anahuac Channel, and Cedar Bayou," but at the time of the appropriation no recommendation of definite channel dimensions had been made RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 731 to Congress. A channel 6 feet deep at mean low tide and 80 feet wide was dredged in 1905 from Galveston Bay to the wharves at Anahuac, a distance of 16,000 feet. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 0.75 foot and the extreme range is about 1.2 feet. The height of tide is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 11/2 feet below mean low tide. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $34,000 (July 1956). The latest published map is contained in House Document 440, 56th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities are at Anahuac and consist of several small privately owned wharves and slips for local use. They are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condi- tion surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $369. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications were made for dredging shoal areas and removing logs and debris from the channel at a cost of $1,577. Work was performed under the contrapt during the period December 30, 1955, to February 29, 1956, removing 190,020 cubic yards of material and 37 snags over a channel length of 12,200 feet at a cost of $35,648. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $37,594. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1911. The controlling depth over a usable width was 8 feet at mean low tide. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $633,625, of which $5,975 was for new work and $627,650 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----------- ------------ --------------------- $5,975 Cost ------- -- -------------------------------------------- ------------ 5,975 Maintenance: ------ Appropriated........ $27,300 -$2,500 $34,140 $850 $38,100 628,179 Cost----------------- 1,291 27,431 34,439 838 37,594 627,650 9. TRINITY RIVER 'AND TRIBUTARIES, TEX. Location. This river rises in north central Texas and flows southeasterly about 760 miles, discharging into Galveston Bay, 37 miles northeasterly from Galveston (U. S. Geological Survey base map, Texas, scale 1: 500,000). Previous projects. The project outlined in House Document 409, 56th Congress, 1st session, was adopted in part by the River and Harbor Acts of June 13, 1902, March 3, 1905, March 2, 1907, June 25, 1910, July 25, 1912, March 4, 1913, and July 27, 1916, each of which acts authorized the construction of certain named locks and dams. The portion of the project relating to locks and dams construction was abandoned by the River and Harbor Act of 732 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 1113 of Annual Report for 1921, and page 986 of Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. With abandonment of the lock and dam con- struction, the improvement of the Trinity River by a channel 6 feet deep and of navigable width from the mouth to Liberty (river mile 41.4) was left as the existing project, being continued as provided for in the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912. The existing project was modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, which approved a comprehensive plan of development of the Trinity River and tributaries, Tex., in accordance with the recom- mendations set forth in House Document 403, 77th Congress, 1st " session, subject to such future modifications as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army may be advisable. That comprehensive plan of development provided for a navigable channel from a point in Galveston Bay at the Hous- ton Ship Channel to a terminus at Fort Worth, Tex. Such navi- gable channel was to be not less than 9 feet in depth, and to have a minimum bottom width of 200 feet in Galveston Bay and 150 feet in the river section on tangents, with shunting places and suit- able widening on curves, and with a turning basin at Liberty. The navigation locks would have clear inside dimensions of 75 feet by 400 feet. The 1945 act, however, authorized for construction at this time only that portion of the channel as far upstream as Liberty, Tex. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, further modified the comprehensive plan for the Trinity River Basin development so as to locate the section of the navigation channel below Anahuac nearer the eastern shore of Trinity Bay, in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 634, 79th Congress, 2d session. This modification provides for a navigation channel 9 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the Houston Ship Channel near Red Fish Reef along the easterly shore of Galveston Bay with a protective embankment to the mouth of the Trinity River near Anahuac. The estimated Federal cost of this portion of the comprehensive plan below Liberty is $7,750,000 (1949), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. This portion of the project is being restudied. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $120,000 (July 1956). The latest published maps are contained in House Document 634, 79th Congress. The estimated first cost to the United States of the approved com- prehensive plan for canalization to Fort Worth is $96 million (1939 prices), with $1,760,000 annually for maintenance and operation. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range in the bay is from about 0.6 foot to about 1.2 feet. The height of tide is de- pendent largely on the wind, and during strong northerly winds in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 1.5 feet be- low mean low tide. Local cooperation. The work recommended in House Docu- RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 733 ment 403, 77th Congress, is authorized subject to the conditions that local interests furnish necessary rights-of-way, suitable areas for disposal of dredging material, and make necessary changes in utilities crossing the natural river channel below Liberty; and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide adequate terminal and transfer facilities on the waterway, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages that may result from construction and operation of the improve- ments. Local interests have not complied with conditions of local co- operation for the portion of the channel from Anahuac to Liberty, but have fully complied with the conditions contained in House Documents 634, 79th Congress, 2d session, for the completed por- tion of the channel below Anahuac. Terminal facilities. There are 5 wharves on this river between the mouth and a point 38 miles upstream at Liberty, Tex. Four range from 10 to 20 feet in length; the fifth, at Liberty, is 150 feet in length. All are privately owned, and usage is free at all except one. One has a hand derrick; the other 4 have no freight-handling facilities. They have no physical connection with any railroad. They are adequate for the existing commerce, and there is ample room for future enlargement. The Texas Gulf Sulphur Co. has constructed a channel 12.5 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 4,500 feet long from mile 11.1 on the Trinity River to a slip 12.5 feet deep, 380 feet wide, and 1,320 feet long, with terminal and transfer facilities for the unloading of sulphur from the Moss Bluff mines. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condi- tion surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $1,072. Snags, stumps, trees, and other debris were removed from the channel by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $359. The total cost for all work for fiscal year was $1,431. Condition at end of fiscal year. The navigation channel below Liberty, Tex., is 13 percent complete. The original project was completed in 1925. The channel from its junction with the Houston Ship Channel to a point 1 mile below Anahuac, Tex., has been dredged to a depth of 9 feet below mean low tide over a bottom width of 150 feet. The controlling depth over a usable width between the Houston Ship Channel and a point 1 mile below Anahuac, Tex., was 2.5 feet, between the mouth of the Trinity River and mile 28.5 was 7 feet, and 3 feet thence to Liberty at mean low tide. Authorized construction remaining under the comprehensive plan consists of completing that portion of the navigation channel from 1 mile below Anahuac to Liberty, Tex. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $1,274,- 234, of which $1,042,660 was for new work and $231,574 was for maintenance. 734 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -- $6,525 _-----------_----------$2,933,066 Cost----------------- 6,913 $1,195----------------------------------- 2,933,066 Maintenance: Appropriated----....... 17,460 42,555 $5,900 -$650 $2,100 775,906 Cost- -------------- 4,502 47,927 12,048 1,567 1,431 775,236 1Includes $1,956,406 for new work and $543,662 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition $66,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ -- $6, 707, 339 10. CEDAR BAYOU, TEX. Location. This bayou is about 30 miles long. It flows to the south and empties into the northwest corner of upper Galveston Bay, about 11/2 miles below the mouth of San Jacinto River and about 281/2 miles north of Galveston, Tex. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of September 19, 1890, and July 13, 1892. For further details see page 869, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 10 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide from the Houston Ship Channel to a point on the bayou, 11 miles above the mouth. The project also includes the jetties at the mouth of the bayou provided for under the previous project. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 0.6 foot and the extreme range 1.2 feet. The height of tides is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be de- pressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimated cost for new work is as follows: Federal (Corps of Engineers) $12, 576 (July 1954), exclusive of amount expended on previous projects, and non-Federal $12,576 (1954) contributed. Dredging the channel in Cedar Bayou from the first bend above the mouth to a point 11 miles above the mouth is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $41,579 of which $12,424 was to be contributed. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $33,000 (July 1956). The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (S. Doc. 107, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in this document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act, approved July 3, 1930, provides that local interests shall contribute 50 percent of the estimated first cost of the improvement, but not to exceed $25,000, and shall furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary easements, rights-of-way, and dumping grounds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 735 These conditions have not been completely met, but local in- terests have complied with all the necessary requirements to com- plete the channel to the first bend in Cedar Bayou above the mouth. The remaining work is considered to be inactive. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of a few small wharves, privately owned, for local use located at various places along Cedar Bayou, an oil-loading wharf owned by the Atlantic Pipe Line Co. located one-half mile above the mouth of the bayou, and an oil-loading wharf owned by the Sinclair- Prairie Oil Co. located 11 miles above the mouth of the bayou. The present facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Work under contract for dredging the channel was done during the period July 1 to September 8, 1956, removing 368,574 cubic yards of ma- terial over a channel length of 14,900 feet at a cost of $51,296. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $51,296. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted, except for the inactive portion. The channel was com- pleted in 1931 to project dimensions from the Houston Ship Chan- nel to the first bend in Cedar Bayou above the mouth. Two brush and stone jetties have been constructed at the mouth of Cedar Bayou. The controlling depths over usable width at mean low tide were 12 feet from Houston Ship Channel to the first bend in Cedar Bayou above the mouth and 5.5 feet thence to a point in the bayou 11 miles above the mouth. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds------------------------------ $12,576 $448,390 $460,966 Contributed funds ------------------------- 12,576 --------------------- 12,576 Total--------------------------------........ 25,152 448,390 473,542 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ---- ------------------------------------- -------- ..---.--- -------- $51,663 Cost----------------------------------- ------------------------------------ 51,663 Maintenance: Appropriated--....----.. $1,200 $66,535 $1,200 $56,500 $11,493 518,018 Cost----------------- 750 66,045 558 18,441 51,296 518,174 1 Includes $39, 087 for new work and $69,784 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $12,576 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________________ (3) 3 Considered to be inactive. 736 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 11. CHOCOLATE BAYOU, TEX. Location. The source of the bayou is about 25 miles southwest of Houston and the mouth is in Chocolate Bay, an arm of West Galveston Bay, about 12 miles north of San Luis Pass and 28 miles west of Galveston. It is tidal throughout its length, and the lowest stages occur during the winter season. The authorized section extends from the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Chocolate Bay to the mouth of the bayou, a distance of about 5.6 miles. Existing project. The existing project, adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. 445, 56th Cong., 1st sess.) ; modified by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 337, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) ; and further modified by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 768, 80th Cong., 2d sess.), provides for a channel 4 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide through Chocolate Bay to the extent necessary to afford a connection between Chocolate Bayou and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1 foot and the extreme range about 11/2 feet. The height of tide is largely dependent on the force and direction of the wind and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below nmean low tide. The cost of completed new work was $6,512. The widening from 50 feet to 100 feet bottom with portion of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $47,500. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $11,400 (July 1956). The latest published map is contained in House Document 768, 80th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of small pri- vately owned wharves located at various points along the bayou. They are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $343. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $343. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 12 percent complete. The controlling depth over a usable width in the channel from its confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Water- way through Chocolate Bay to the mouth of the bayou was 4 feet at mean low tide over a bottom width of 60 feet. The total cost for the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $72,960, of which $6,512 was for new work and $66,448 was for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 737 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _.... ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $6,512 .....------------... ...... Cost-------- ..------------.------------------------------------------------ 6,512 Maintenance: Appropriated......__ __.. - - - $920 ... ..... $600 $343 66,448 ------- Cost------------... ____--_ 576 $277 667 343 66,448 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- ------------------ (1) 1Deferred for restudy. 12. FREEPORT HARBOR, TEX. Location. This harbor is formed by the improvement of the Brazos River, Tex., from the mouth to Freeport about 6 miles above. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 525.) The mouth of the Brazos River is about 47 miles southwest of Galveston Harbor entrance and about 137 miles northeast of Aransas Pass ( Port Aransas). Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details see page 1860 of Annual Re- port for 1915, and page 872 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing projects. This provides for a project depth of 38 feet at mean low tide in the outer bar channel from that depth in the Gulf of Mexico to a point within the jetties; thence 36 feet in the authorized channels and basins to and including the upper turning basin about one-half mile below the Stauffer Chemical Co. plant, with two turning basins, one 700 by 700 feet at Brazosport and one 600 by 600 feet at the upper end of the channel, the channel to have a width of 300 feet seaward of the jettied entrance, 200 feet from the jettied entrance to the Brazosport turning basin, widened at the bend, and averaging 375 feet, thence to the upper turning basin; the widths in the approaches to the turning basins to converge within a distance of 800 feet from the width of the turning basin to the width of the channel; and for the extension of the channel with a depth of 30 feet and a width of 200 feet to and including a turning basin, 500 by 500 feet, near the Stauffer Chemical Co. plant at Freeport, when required in the interests of commerce and navigation. The work is to be accomplished as may be found desirable, by dredging, by jetties at the mouth of the harbor, and by a diversion dam in the Brazos River, a diversion channel, and necessary auxiliary works in general accordance with plan No. 6, as proposed by the district engineer, together with a lock in the diversion dam, approximately 200 feet long, 55 feet wide and 121/ feet deep over the miter sills. The River and Har- bor Act of July 3, 1930, modified the act of March 3, 1925, so as to provide that when local interests shall have furnished assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will maintain the diversion channel, the United States shall assume the 738 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 cost of maintenance of the navigable channel, estimated at $75,000 annually, including care and operation of the lock, if provided (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 18, 70th Cong., 1st sess,.). Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1.5 feet and the extreme range about 21/2 feet. Freshets in the river, except under extreme conditions, do not cause a greater variation in the water surface than the tidal action. The estimated cost for new work is as follows: Federal (Corps of Engineers) $1,823,000 (July 1956), and non-Federal $858,300 (July 1956), including $758,300 contributed. The latest approved estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $287,000 (July 1956). The construction of a lock in the Brazos River diversion dam at cost of local interests and dredging upper one-half mile of 32-foot channel to vicinity of Stauffer Chemical plant portions of the project are considered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimates. The cost of these portions was last re- vised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $29,700 Federal costs and $1,299,700 local costs. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts : Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Dredging and such other work as may be deemed Specified in act. most effective in the judgment of the Secretary of War in improving and developing the harbor; for taking over the jetties and other privately built works at the mouth of the river. Mar. 2, 1907 Examination authorized. The work was subse- H. Doc.1087, 60th Cong., 2d sess. quently confined to maintenance of the jetties. Y2 Feb. 27, 1911 Repairs to jetties and dredging--------------- Mar. 4, 1913 Construction of a seagoing hopper dredge, the cost to be charged to this improvement and % to Aran- Specified in act. Do. sas Pass. Aug. 8, 1917 Purchase of one 15-inch pipeline dredge and equip- H. Doc. 1469, 63d Cong., 3d sess. ment, its operation for an experimental period of 3 years, the operation of the seagoing dredge % time for 3 years, and repairs to the jetties. Mar. 3, 19251 Diversion dam, diversion channel, and necessary Rivers and Harbors Committee auxiliary works. Doc.10, 68th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 Maintenance of the diversion channel at the expense Rivers and Harbors Committee of local interest. Doc. 18, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30,1935 23 Dredging the channels and turning basins to greater Rivers and Harbors Committee depths. (Project completed to within % mile of Doc. 15, 72d Cong., 1st sess. the upper limit of the channel with Public Works Administration funds and contributed funds.) Do ..-- Maintenance of the present project dimensions of the Rivers and Harbors Committee channels and turning basins at Federal expense. Does. 15, 72d Cong., 1st4 sess., and 29, 73d Cong., 2d sess. 4 May 17, 1950 Deepening outer bar channel to 38 feet, mean low H. Doc. 195, 81st Cong., 1st sess. tide, from the gulf to a point within the jetties; thence 36 feet in the authorized channels to and including the upper turning basin. 1 Construction of lock in diversion dam at local expense considered inactive. 2 Dredging upper 3 mile of channel to vicinity Stauffer Chemical plant considered inactive. 8 Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 4Contains latest published maps. Recommended modifications. Under date of March 22, 1956, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for relocation of the outer bar channel on a straight alinement with the jetty channel in lieu of the presently authorized channel, the re-alined channel to be 38 feet deep and 300 feet wide; and for maintenance of the Brazos Harbor channel and turning basin, as constructed by local interests, consisting of a RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 739 channel 30 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 2,790 feet long, flared at both ends, and extending from the existing Federal channel near the upper turning basin to a basin 30 feet deep, 550 feet wide, and 600 feet long, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable. The estimated cost to the United States is $57,000 for construction, in addition to that already authorized, and $2,300 annually for maintenance in addi- tion to that now required. (Report sent to Congress June 11, 1956, not yet printed). Local cooperation. All required local cooperation has been fully complied with, except for the inactive portions and the re- quirements for work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 195, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of small privately-owned wharves. Other facilities privately owned are 1 sulfur loading dock, 3 oil docks, an acid dock, 2 shell unloading docks, and 1 caustic dock. The present facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. The Brazos River Harbor Navigation District opened in Decem- ber 1954 a 200- by 2,500-foot entrance channel to a 600- by 650- foot turning basin with a 650-foot steel and concrete dock and a 150- by 396-foot transit shed over rail facilities permitting all- weather work without damage to cargo. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condi- tion surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $5,850. Preliminary plans and specifications for dredg- ing the sea bar and jetty channel with U. S. hopper dredge Langfitt were made at a cost of $734 and work was performed during the period August 2 to 22, 1955, removing 633,606 cubic yards of ma- terial over a channel length of 17,000 feet at a cost of $68,508. Preliminary plans and specifications for dredging the sea bar and jetty channel with U. S. hopper dredge A. Mackenzie were made at a cost of $1,376 and work was performed during the period March 6 to April 14, 1956, removing 519,519 cubic yards of ma- terial over a channel length of 15,351 feet at a cost of $79,573. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $156,041. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 68 percent complete, exclusive of inactive portions. The exist- ing project has been improved to a depth of 32 feet to and includ- ing the upper-turning basin. The work remaining consists of deepening the 32-foot channel to and including the turning basin near Stauffer Chemical Co. plant and constructing a lock in the diversion dam in the old Brazos River, now considered to be in- active, and deepening the entrance channel to 38 feet and the re- maining channels and basins to 36 feet to and including the upper turning basin. The controlling depth over a usable width at a mean low tide in the various channels and turning basins were as fol- lows: Channel from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico to seaward end of jetty, 32 feet; channel from seaward end of jetty to Brazosport turning basin, 32 feet; Brazosport turning basin, 31 feet; channel from Brazosport turning basin to upper turning basin, 30 feet; 740 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 upper turning basin 30 feet; channel from upper turning basin to Stauffer Chemical Co. plant, 19 feet; and turning basin at Stauffer Chemical Co. plant, 20 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ........----------------------------- $1,101,062 $4,444,039 $5,545,101 Public Works funds----------------------- ....................... 116,575 -------------------- 116,575 Total United States funds............ 1,217,637 4,444,039 5,661,676 Contributed funds_ ------------------------- 758,303 -------------------- 758,303 Total allfunds--------------------- ...................... 1,975,940 4,444,039 6,419,979 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ---------------------- Appropriated........ ------------ ------------ ------------ $1,364,735 Cost------.......------------------------------------------------------------ 1,364,735 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ $143,711 $320,792 $191,600 $146,000 $158,900 4,446,898 Cost----------------_ 139,516 312,245 198,760 151,601 156,041 4,444,039 1Includes $147,098 for new work for previous project. 2 In addition $758,303 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project______________ $605, 000 3 Excludes inactive portions, Corps of Engineers funds only. 13. CHANNEL FROM PASS CAVALLO TO PORT LAVACA, TEX. Location. The bar at Pass Cavallo is 125 miles southwest of Galveston entrance and 54 miles north of Aransas Pass. Port Lavaca lies 26 miles to the northwest of the pass, across Matagorda and Lavaca Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Chart No. 1117.) Existing project. This provides for a depth of 9 feet and a width of 100 feet from Lynns Bayou at Port Lavaca, Tex., to deep water in Matagorda Bay near Port O'Connor, Tex., a distance of about 11 miles; for a channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Port Lavaca via Lavaca Bay, Lavaca, and Navidid Rivers to Red Bluff about mile 3 on the Navidad River, a total distance of 20 miles; and for a harbor of refuge 9 feet deep near Port Lavaca with an approach channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1 foot and the extreme range about 2 feet. The height of tide is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimated cost for new work is as follows: Federal (Corps of Engineers) $262,000 (July 1956), and non-Federal $145,000 (July 1956), including $60,000 contributed funds. The latest approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $58,000 (July 1956). RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 741 The harbor of refuge near Port Lavaca and approach channel portion of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $172,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel to Port Lavaca, Tex., 7 feet deep and 80 feet H. Doc. 1082, 60th Cong., 2d sess. bottom width. Aug. 30, 1935 Extension of 7-foot channel to the shore line of Lavaca Rivers and Harbors Committee Bay at the mouth of Lynns Bayou. Doc. 28, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Deepen and widen channel to present project dimen- Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 sions. Doc. 37, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Extension of the channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide H. Doc. 314, 76th Cong., 1st sess.1 from Port Lavaca by way of Lavaca Bay, Lavaca and Navidad Rivers to Red Bluff, a distance of 20 miles. Do 2...... To provide a harbor of refuge 9 feet deep near Port H. Doc. 731, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Lavaca and an approach channel 100 feet wide and equal depth. I Contain latest published maps. 2 To be restudied. Recommended modification. Under date of February 15, 1956, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the existing project be incorporated into another project now being recommended, which would be designated as the Matagorda Bay Ship Channel. This ship channel project would provide for a deep-draft navigation channel from the Gulf of Mexico through Pass Cavallo to and in- cluding a turning basin at Point Comfort, Texas consisting of an outer bar and jetty channel, 38 feet deep, 300 feet wide and about 6 miles long, from the Gulf through Pass Cavallo; an inner chan- nel 36 feet deep, 200 feet wide and about 22 miles long across Matagorda and Lavaca Bays to Point Comfort, Texas; a turning basin at Point Comfort 36 feet deep and 1000 feet square; and dual jetties at the entrance, the southwest jetty extending to the 16- foot depth in the Gulf and the northwest jetty extending to the 24-foot depth; with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable. The estimated cost to the United States is $9,641,000 for construction, and $381,000 annually for maintenance in addition to costs now required. (Re- port sent to Congress April 16, 1956, not yet printed). Local cooperation. Under the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, local interests are required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all necessary land, easements, and rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the initial construction and subsequent maintenance when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from the con- struction and maintenance of the project; and provide necessary mooring facilities to which all vessels shall have free and equal access during storm periods, none of which has been complied with except for assurances to hold and save the United States free from claims for damages in connection with construction of the channel to Red Bluff, forwarded to Chief of Engineers for approval on 742 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 June 29, 1955. Requirements under prior acts have been com- plied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of several privately owned piers and 3 privately owned slips at Port Lavaca, and a municipally owned wharf, turning basin, 1 oil dock, and refrigerated-seafood processing and packing plant at the mouth of Lynns Bayou. The municipally owned facilities are open to the general public and are adequate for existing commerce. In addition, there is a privately owned channel, turning basin with private wharves, oil dock, and loading facilities owned by Alumi- num Co. of America at Point Comfort, Tex. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Pre- liminary surveys, plans, and specifications were made for dredging the channel extension through Lavaca Bay and the Lavaca and Navidad Rivers to Red Bluff, Texas, at a cost of $4,408. The total cost for all work for fiscal year was $4,408. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 40 percent complete exclusive of portion deferred for restudy. The channel from the 9-foot contour Matagorda Bay to the mouth of Lynns Bayou was completed in 1939. The work remaining con- sists of dredging the channel through Lavaca Bay and the Lavaca and Navidad Rivers to Red Bluff on the Navidad River and dredg- ing the harbor of refuge and approach channel at Port Lavaca, the latter portion to be restudied. The controlling depth over a usable width at mean low water in the completed channel was 5.3 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $532,- 512, of which $129,902 was for new work and $402,610 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----........ ---------- ---------- ----------- ----------- $5,000 $130,494 Cost------------ ------------------------------------------- 4,408 129,902 Miintenance: Appropriated........ ------ $52,300 -$9,460 $35,700 $2,950 -19 402,610 Cost----------------- 39,438 3,227 35,874 2,994 .___.-- -- 402,610 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___.. $593 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 134, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ _ 134, 593 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -------------- ---------- (1) 1Excludes portion to be restudied, Corps of Engineers cost only. 14. PORT ARANSAS-CORPUS CHRISTI WATERWAY, TEX. Location. This is a consolidation of the old improvements of Port Aransas, Tex., and the channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus Christi, Tex. Aransas Pass is on the southern portion of the coast of Texas, 180 miles southwest of Galveston and 132 miles RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 743 north of the mouth of the Rio Grande. Aransas Pass connects Corpus Christi Bay and Aransas Bay with the Gulf of Mexico. The waterway extends from deep water in the Gulf through the Aransas Pass jettied entrance, thence westerly 203/4 miles to and including a turning basin at Corpus Christi, thence westerly 13/4 miles through the Industrial Canal to and including the turning basin at Avery Point, thence westerly 41/4 miles to and including a turning basin near Tule Lake. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 523, 1285, and 1286.) Previous projects. The original project for improvement of Aransas Pass (Port Aransas) was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879. The improvement was taken over by the Aransas Pass Harbor Co. on June 30, 1890, under authority of the act of May 12, 1890. This company relinquished its rights to the United States on March 27, 1899. The channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus Christi was first improved under the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1907, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1861 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 877 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project dimensions provided for in the various channels and basins comprising this waterway are shown in the following tabulation: Adopted project dimensions Section of the Port Aransas-Corpus Christi Waterway, Tex. Depth in Bottom width in feet feet below mean low Gulf level Aransas Pass outer bar 700-------- .......------------ ----------------------------------------- 38 Aransas Pass jetty channel ....----- 600 from inner end to opposite station 90, north jetty, (1) thence increasing to 700 at outer end of jetty. Inner basin at Harbor Island- .... 650 by southerly 1,000 long----------------------------- 36 Channel to town of Port Aransas._ 100___---- __. ........... __ ----------------------------- 12 Anchorage basin at Port Aransas_ _ 300 to 400 by 900 long --------------------------------- 12 Channel from Port Aransas to Cor- 400----.-----____--- --------------- _ -- __............... 36 pus Christi turning basin. Corpus Christi turning basin _-.... 1,000 by 5,500 long (includes approach to turning 36 basin). Industrial Canal- ---------------- 200 ..............................----------------------------------------------- 36 Turning basin at Avery Point .... 1,000 by 1,200 long _----------------------------------- 36 Channel to vicinity of Tule Lake___ .......... 200__ ..................... _.._.......... 36 Turning basin near Tule Lake- .... 900 by 1,000 long------------------------------------- 36 Branch channel to La Quinta..... 150 __ ___....................... .................... 32 Turning basin near La Quinta...... 800 by 800 ---__--__---------------- ------.. -- 32 136 feet from inner end to opposite station 90, north jetty, increasing to 38 feet at outer end of jetty. The project also provides for two rubblestone jetties at Aransas Pass entrance, extending into the gulf from St. Joseph and Mus- tang Islands, the project lengths of which are 9,240 and 7,385 feet, respectively. The project further provides for a stone dike on St. Joseph Island about 19,100 feet long connecting with the north jetty and extending up this island to prevent a channel being cut around the jetty. Under ordinary conditions, the mean tidal range at Aransas Pass is about 1.1 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet, and at Corpus Christi the mean range about 1 foot and the extreme about 11/ feet. The heights of tides are dependent largely on the 744 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 strength and directions of winds, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed as much as 3 feet below mean low gulf level. The estimated cost for new work is as follows: Federal (Corps of Engineers) $11,714,500 (July 1956), exclusive of amount ex- pended on previous projects, and non-Federal $5,799,400 (July 1956), including $2,613,400 contributed funds and value of use- ful work performed. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $828,000 (July 1956) (exclusive of $1,250,- 000 (July 1956) estimated remaining cost of rehabilitating jet- ties). The extension of the north jetty 1,950 feet and the south jetty 1,265 feet and the extension of the Inner Basin at Harbor Island 2,000 feet by 650 feet portions of the project are considered inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of these portions was last revised in July 1954 and was esti- mated to be $21,351,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Acquisition of the old curved portion of the north Specified in act. jetty previously constructed by private parties. June 13, 1902 Completion of north jetty in accordance with the Do. Mar. 3, 1905 plans of its builders. Mar. 2, 1907 Connection of old curved jetty to St. Joseph Island, Rivers and Harbors Committee and construction of south jetty. Doc. 5, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Feb. 27, 1911 Dredging roadstead in Harbor Island Basin to depth H. Doc. 1094, 61st Cong., 3d sess. of 20 feet and construction of 10,000 linear feet of the stone dike on St. Joseph Island. Mar. 4, 19131 Deepening of channel between jetties and the Harbor H. Doc. 1125, 62d Cong., 3d sess. Island Basin to depth of 25 feet, extension of jetties seaward, extension of dike on St. Joseph Island 9,100 feet, and dredging the approach channel 12 feet deep to town of Port Aransas. Sept. 23, 1922 Dredging channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus H. Doc. 321, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Christi, 25 feet deep, 200 feet bottom width. July 3, 19302 Deepening entrance channel from Gulf of Mexico to H. Doc. 214, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Harbor Island and provision of an inner basin at Harbor Island of reduced area but greater depth. Do......- Aransas Pass to Corpus Christi Channel with depth Rivers and Harbors Committee of 30 feet. Doc. 9. 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 19353 Enlarging all channels from the Gulf to the western Rivers and Harbors Committee end of basin dredged by Humble Oil & Refining Doc. 35, 72d Cong., 1st sess. and Co. at its docks on Harbor Island, with Public 40, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Works Administration funds. Do _---__ Maintenance of channel and maneuvering basin be- H. Doc. 130, 72d Cong., 1st sess. tween breakwater and western shoreline of Corpus Christi Bay. Do....... Maintenance to 30 feet depth, except on strips lying Rivers and Harbors Committee 50 feet channelward of any established pierhead Doc. 13, 74th Cong., 1st sess. lines or within 50 feet of the foot of any wharf or structure of the approach channel, turning basin at Corpus Christi, Industrial Canal and turning basin at Avery Point. Do....... Maintenance and deepening to 32 feet of the channel Rivers and Harbors Committee from deep water at Port Aransas to and including Doc. 63, 74th Cong., 1st sess. the turning basin at Corpus Christi. Jtne 20, 1938 Extend the main turning basin at Corpus Christi H. Doc. 574, 75th Cong., 3d sess. westward 2,500 feet at its present width and depth, deepen the existing Industrial Canal and turning basin to 32 feet and for the extension of this canal at a depth of 32 feet and general width of 150 feet, westward along Nueces Bay shore to a turning basin 32 feet deep, 900 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long near Tule Lake. Mar. 2, 1945 To provide a depth of 34 feet in all project channels H. Doc. 544, 78th Cong., 2d sess. and basins from Port Aransas to and including the Tule Lake turning basin, for a width of 250 feet from Port Aransas to the breakwater at Corpus Christi, for a width of 200 feet in the Industrial Canal and in the channel between the Avery Point RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 745 Acts Work authorized Documents and Tule Lake turning basins, and for widening the Avery Point turning basin ato 1,000 feet. June 30, 1948 Deepen entrance channel to 38 feet from Gulf to outer H. Doc. 560, 80th Cong., 2d sess. end of jetty; 38 feet decreasing to 36 feet thence to station 90, north jetty; and 36 feet in all other deep water channels and basins except 2,000-foot un- dredged part of inner basin at Harbor Island, and for a width of 400 feet in the channel from Port Aran- sas to the maneuvering basin at Corpus Christi. Sept. 3, 1954 To provide an anchorage basin 12 feet deep, from 300 H. Doc. 654, 81st Cong., 1st sess. to 400 feet wide, and 900 feet long in Turtle Cove at Port Aransas, Tex. Do.------ To provide a branch channel 32 feet deep and 150 feet H. Doc. 89, 83d Cong., 1st sess. wide, extending northerly from the main channel in the vicinity of Port Ingleside, along the north shore of Corpus Christi Bay to the Reynolds Metals Co. plant and for a turning basin 32 feet deep and 800 feet square near the plant in the gen- eral vicinity of La Quinta, Tex. Do....... To provide an entrance channel 36 feet deep and 400 H. Doc. 487, 83d Cong., 2d sess. feet wide on a tangent alinement from the 400-foot (contains latest published map). channel in Corpus Christi Bay, near the Corpus Christi Breakwater, to the flared approach channel to the Corpus Christi turning basin. 1Extension of north jetty 1,950 feet and south jetty 1,265 feet considered to be inactive. 2 Dredging 2,000-foot by 650-foot northerly extension of inner basin considered to be inactive. 3 Included in Public Works Administration program September 6, 1933, and February 16, 1935. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the provi- sions of the River and Harbor Acts of June 30, 1948, and Septem- ber 3, 1954, local interests being required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for sub- sequent maintenance as and when required; hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from construc- tion and maintenance of the project; accomplish without cost to the United States the alteration of pipeline and cable crossings on the rights-of-way and the removal of buildings, structures, and a portion of the rubble-mound breakwater on the right-of-way for the 400-foot entrance channel into the Corpus Christi turning basin; provide and maintain without cost to the United States ade- quate mooring facilities within the anchorage basin at Port Aran- sas and a public landing which shall be open to all on equal terms; and contribute in cash 50 percent of the cost of constructing the branch channel to and turning basin in the vicinity of La Quinta, none of which has been complied with except local interests have furnished the required assurances for construction of the branch channel to La Quinta, accepted on April 9, 1955, and have expended $1,200,000 on construction of the project in lieu of a cash contribution. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities located on Harbor Is- land at the head of Aransas Pass, Ingleside, Corpus Christi, La Quinta, and Avery Point are considered adequate for existing com- merce. (See Port Series, No. 25, revised in 1948, Corps of Engineers.) The following changes were not incorporated in Port Series No. 25: Humble Oil and Refining Co., Port Ingleside Dock, Port Series No. 25 Map Reference 26, has been removed. Humble Pipe Line Co. barge dock at Harbor Island, Port Series No. 25 Map Refer- 746 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ence No. 27, has been rebuilt. The reconstructed dock provides a berthing space of 450 feet with dolphins. Humble Pipe Line Co. oil docks at Harbor Island, Port Series No. 25 Map Reference Nos. 28 and 29 have been rebuilt. The reconstructed docks pro- vide a berthing space of 1,600 feet, 800 feet at each dock, with dolphins. The Atlantic Pipe Line Co. oil dock at Harbor Island, Port Series No. 25 Map Reference No. 30 has been rebuilt. The reconstructed dock provides a berthing space of 845 feet, with dolphins. A pier with conveyors for handling bauxite and with berthing spaces for deep-draft vessels of 700 feet on the upper side and 625 feet on the lower side has been constructed on the north shore of Corpus Christi Bay at La Quinta at the westerly end of a 32-foot by 125-foot private channel, 6 miles long, which joins the Port Aransas-Corpus Christi Waterway at a point opposite McGloins Bluff. An oil dock with 700 feet of berthing space, with dolphins, has been constructed on the south side of the industrial canal at Corpus Christi approximately midway between map refer- ence Nos. 15 and 16, Port Series No. 25. A 2-million-bushel grain elevator is located on the north side of the industrial canal at Corpus Christi about opposite the oil dock described above. The dock alongside the elevator provides 500 feet of berthing space, with dolphins. A barge dock for handling dry cargo with a berthing space of 400 feet, with dolphins, has been constructed on the north side of the industrial canal at Corpus Christi opposite a point approximately 700 feet westward from Map Reference No. 15, Port Series No. 25. The 34-foot project channel has been extended westward from the Avery Point turning basin a distance of 4.23 miles. The channel has a width of 200 feet except at the Navigation Boulevard swing bridge where the width is 100 feet. A barge dock for handling bulk sulphuric acid with a berthing space of 200 feet, with dolphins, is located on the southerly side of the channel approximately 2 miles westward from Avery Point. A barge dock for handling bulk petroleum products with a berth- ing space of 180 feet, with dolphins, is located on the southerly side of the channel approximately 11/ miles westward from Avery Point. A barge dock used for the receipt of mudshell with a berth- ing space of 150 feet is located on the south side of the channel ap- proximately 1,000 feet eastward from the oil dock described next above. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: A total of 7,153,973 cubic yards of material was removed from 22,694 linear feet of channel at a cost of $1,334,550 as follows: Cubic Linear feet Location Period yards of channel Cost removed dredged Extension from Avery Point to Tule July 1, 1955 to June 30, 1956_ 6,757,267 20,294 $1,219,057 Lake. Anchorage basin (Turtle Cove) ..---- Mar. 13 to 26, 1956-__-_---- 190,937 900 60,844 Tule Lake turning basin------------_ May 17 to 30, 1956......-----------. 205,769 1,500 54,649 Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspec- tions and reports were made at a cost of $19,546. Preliminary RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 747 plans and specifications were made for reestablishing reference line piling in the bay section at a cost of $622 and work under con- tract during the period February 4 to 13, 1956, was performed with 20 reference line piling being driven at a cost of $1,362. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications were made for con- struction of a hopper dredge dock, ramp, and storage house at Port Aransas, Tex., at a cost of $1,279. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for further repairs to the north jetty at Aransas Pass were prepared at a cost of $593. Work under contract for repairs to the south jetty at Aransas Pass during the period July 1 to August 7, 1955, was performed at a cost of $74,954 and the following material was placed in the jetty: South jetty Stockpiled Placed Tons of cover stone (8 to 12 tons each)_______ _______-______ _________-- -- 1,782 5,317 Pieces of cover stone picked up and replaced (2 tons and over per stone)-------------------- 4 Under another contract for repairs to the south jetty during the period July 1, 1955, to January 4, 1956, work was performed at a cost of $365,479. The follow- ing material was placed in the jetty: Tons of cover stone (8 to 12 tons each) _____----__ - -_________-____- _ -17,475 20,677 Tons of quarry run stone (25 lbs. to 10 tons each)---______________________ 3,618 6,284 Tons of riprap stone (25 lbs. to 200 lbs. each)______________ 0 85 Pieces of stone picked up and replaced (2 tons and over per stone)............_ .. __.___ 5 Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications were made for repairs to the north jetties at Aransas Pass at a cost of $6,036 and work under contract for repairs to the north jetty during the period January 3 to June 30, 1956, was performed at a cost of $218,944. The following material was placed in the jetty: North jetty Stockpiled Placed Tons of cover stone (9 to 13 tons each) ---_______ - -- ______---- -__-_ 17,336 5,601 Tons of riprap stone (25 lbs. to 200 lbs. each)-- - 5,659 1,562 Pieces of cover stone picked up and replaced (2 tons and over per piece) -------------------- 345 A total of 1,072,317 cubic yards of material was removed from 17,665 linear feet of channel at a cost of $214,084 as follows: Cubic Linear feet Location Period yards of channel Cost removed dredged Bay section and turning basin-__..... April 18 to June 30, 1956 .... 741,398 12,050 $100,697 Hopper dredge slip and Port Aransas March 26 to May 4, 1956. .. 184,600 2,065 63,870 channel. Government hopper dredge A. Mac- November 17 to December 146,319 3,550 49,517 kenzie Jetty channel. 9, 1955. The total cost of all work for fiscal year was $2,237,449 of which $1,334,550 was for new work and $902,899 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 70 percent complete exclusive of inactive portions. The 2 jetties have 748 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 been completed, the north jetty being 9,240 feet long and the south jetty 7,385 feet long. A stone dike 20,991 feet long connecting with the north jetty was completed on St. Joseph Island in 1916. The inner basin at Harbor Island has been dredged to 30 feet be- low mean low tide over an area 650 feet wide and about 1,000 feet long. The channel from the inner basin to town of Port Aransas was completed in 1914. The 34-foot project, except for the Tule Lake extension, was completed in 1946. In 1949 the Tule Lake extension was dredged to partial dimension with con- tributed funds. The branch channel to La Quinta was dredged by local interests in 1954 to a depth of 32 feet and a width of about 125 feet. Construction of the 34-foot Tule Lake extension was 12 percent completed. The work remaining consists of deepening the outer bar to 38 feet, the jetty channel to 36 and 38 feet, all other deep water chan- nels, including the previously dredged part of the inner basin at Harbor Island, to 36 feet, widening to 400 feet from Port Aransas to Corpus Christi; completing channel from Avery Point turning basin to and including a turning basin near Tule Lake, and com- pleting the 32-foot branch channel to La Quinta. The controlling depths over usable widths at mean low tide in the various channels and basins were as follows: Aransas Pass outer bar channel, 39 feet; Aransas Pass jetty channel, 37 feet; inner basin at Harbor Island 30 feet, exclusive of main channel; channel from inner basin to west end of Humble Oil & Refining Co. basin, 38 feet; channel to town of Port Aransas, 13 feet; turning basin at Port Aransas, 13 feet; channel from west end of Humble Oil & Refining Co. basin to Corpus Christi turning basin, 30 feet; Corpus Christi turning basin, 33 feet; industrial canal, 35 feet; Avery Point turning basin, 36 feet; and channel from Avery Point turning basin to a point near the proposed Tule Lake turn- ing basin, 12 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total ___...... Regular funds ___ _.--____ _ _ -_ $7,087,769 $13,069,053 $20,156,822 Public works funds- ___- - - --- ______ -- --- 324,287 324,287 Total United States funds . .--.----- 7,412,056 13,069,053 20,481,109 Contributed funds-__ -- ______-__--_ 216,422 152, 555 368,977 Work performed in lieu of cash contribution - 1,200,000 81,200,000------------------- funds---------------. Total all --. --- 8,828,478 13,221,608 22,050,086 RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 749 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated....... ------------ ------------ ------------ $800,000 $660,844 $8,809,137 Cost - __ ------------ - - - 101,322 81,334,976 8,784,590 Maintenance: Appropriated....-------.. $279,100 $326,006 $677,598 884,180 1,044,500 13,609,414 Cost----------------_ 380,490 402,927 207,731 1,026,921 4902,818 13,131,505 1Includes $1,372,534 for new work and $62, 452 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $216,422 for new work and $152,555 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. An additional $1,200,000 was expended by local interests for new work in lieu of cash contribution. 3 Difference of $426 between fiscal year 1956 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of underestimation of prepayments for June 1955. 4 Difference of $81 between fiscal year 1956 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to liquidation of overestimation of prepayments for June 1955. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -___- $8, 300 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - - - - ---- 1,149, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ - 1, 157, 300 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_-_ --- ------- 53, 029, 000 5 Exclusive of inactive portions, Corps of Engineers costs only. 15. BRAZOS ISLAND HARBOR, TEX. Location. At the extreme south end of the coast of Texas, about 7 miles north of the mouth of the Rio Grande, and about 125 miles south of Port Aransas. The harbor is at the inner end of Brazos Santiago Pass, which lies between Brazos and Padre Is- lands, and is the natural outlet from the Laguna Madre to the Gulf of Mexico. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1288.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, March 3, 1881, and March 2, 1919. For further details, see page 1017, Annual Report for 1932, and page 882, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for depths of 38 feet in the channel from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico through Brazos Santiago Pass and 36 feet in all other channels and basins; and widths of 300 feet in the channel from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico through Brazos Santiago Pass, 200 feet in the channel across Laguna Madre, 200 feet in the Port Isabel Channel includ- ing the "wye" junction with the Brownsville Channel, 200 feet in the Brownsville Channel for a distance of about 12.6 miles and 300 feet for a distance of about 1.4 miles; from 550 feet to 1,000 feet in the Brownsville turning basin from this point for a distance of 2,640 feet over a bottom width varying from 550 feet to 1,000 feet; for a small boat basin 12 feet deep, 300 feet wide and 1,500 feet in length with a connecting channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide adjacent to the existing Brownsville Channel; and for 36 feet in the Port Isabel turning basin for a distance of 2,900 feet over a bottom width varying from 200 feet at its entrance to 1,000 feet, connecting with the existing turning basin. All depths refer to 750 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 mean low tide. The project also provides for two jetties at the Brazos Santiago Pass entrance. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 11/ feet and the extreme range is about 2 feet. The height of the tides is dependent, to some extent on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface in the southern end of the Laguna Madre may be raised 4 feet or more above the mean low tide in the Gulf. The estimated cost for new work is as follows: Federal (Corps of Engineers) $8,790,000 (July 1956), exclusive of amount ex- pended on previous projects, and non-Federal $2,049,300 (July 1956), including $1,683,300 contributed. The latest approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $397,000 (July 1956) (exclusive of $207,500 (July 1956) estimated cost of rehabilitating jetties). The existing propect was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents --- --- July 3, 1930 Jetty channel, all inside channels and turning basins, Rivers and Harbors Committee and 2 rubble-mound jetties. Doc. 16, 71st Cong., 2d sess. May 24, 1934 Local cooperation requirements modified to provide Rivers and Harbors Committee (PWA) for the contribution of sufficient funds to cover the. Doe. 10, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 entire cost of the original dredging of all inside channels and turning basins. Aug. 26, 1937 Deepening the jetty channel to 31 feet and all inner Rivers and Harbors Committee channels and the Brownsville and Port Isabel Doe. 32, 75th Cong., 1st sess. turning basins to 28 feet, provided no dredging will be done at public expense within 50 feet of any es- tablished pierhead line, wharf, or other structure. Mar. 2, 1945 Enlargement of Port Isabel turning basin to 1,000 feet H. Doc. 335, 76th Cong., 1st sess. by 1,300 feet with a flared entrance. 1 Do ------ Deepening to 35 feet channel from the Gulf of Mexico H. Doe. 347, 77th Cong., 1st sess. through Brazos Santiago Pass; deepening to 33 feet and widening to 200 feet channel across Laguna Madre; deepening to 32 feet channels from Laguna Madre to and including turning basins at Browns- ville and Port Isabel; widening turning basins; and dredging present shallow-draft channel south of Port Isabel from railroad bridge to Laguna Madre and connecting channel to Port Isabel turning basin to provide a depth of 6 feet and width of 60 feet. July 24, 1946 An additional connecting channel 150 feet wide and H. Doc. 627, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' 32 feet deep between the Port Isabel channel and the Brownsville channel; and transfer shallow- draft channels at Port Isabel to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. May 17, 1950 Deepening to 38 feet in outer bar channels and 36 feet H. Doc. 192, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' in all other authorized channels and basins; widen- ing all other channels to 200 feet, except a section in the Brownsville Channel which will be widened to 300 feet; extending the existing turning basins at Brownsville and Port Isabel; and for construction of a small boat basin with a connecting channel adjacent to the Brownsville ship channel. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except as required by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 192, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) local interests being required to furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction, maintenance, and operation of the modified project, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the project; construct suitable docks on the Port Isabel turning basin extension; and install and maintain in the RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 751 small boat basin suitable mooring facilities to which all vessels shall have free and equal access during storm periods, none of which has been complied with, except that the assurances required by the authorizing legislation have been furnished and accepted. Terminal facilities. On the westerly side of the turning basin at Port Isabel is located a wharf, 550 feet long containing a sheet- metal transit shed 100 by 350 feet and a precooling plant with a capacity of approximately 24 cars every 8 hours. A sheet-metal warehouse 100 by 200 feet is located about 70 feet west of the transit shed. About 200 feet south of this wharf is a dock, 600 feet long by 16 feet wide, used for unloading tropical fruits and equipped with facilities for supplying diesel fuel to ships at the rate of 200 gallons per minute. Along the north end of the turning basin a 2-level oil dock, 400 feet long, is equipped with facilities for receiving and loading oil cargoes into barges and for bunker- ing ships. All of the above facilities owned by the Port Isabel- San Benito Navigation District, are serviced by railroad and high- way connections and are open to all on equal terms. All docks and wharves are equipped with facilities for servicing ships with fresh water and electric current. An oil refinery and 2 storage tank farms, all privately owned, are located near the Port Isabel turning basin. This refinery has a maximum capacity of 15,000- barrel topping unit and 4,000-barrel platforming unit and a com- bined tank storage capacity of 1,224,000 barrels. Adjacent to the turning basin and having access to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway is a shallow draft channel, 11/2 miles long, on which is located about three-fourths of a mile of privately owned low-level wharves equipped with facilities for handling tropical fruits, barge traffic, and seafoods. Additional facilities on this channel include 3 marine filling stations, 2 machine shops, several marine ways for handling small craft and medium size barges, an ice plant, and a quick-freeze plant for servicing boats handling seafoods. These facilities are privately owned and operated, and are avail- able on an individual contract basis. Along the north side of the Brownsville turning basin the Brownsville Navigation District has constructed 3 concrete wharves. Two of these wharves are 440 feet long and 165 feet wide with a timber dock extension 100 feet long and 36 feet wide. A metal warehouse 120 by 400 feet is located on each concrete wharf. The third wharf is 400 feet long and 165 feet wide and contains a 120- by 390-foot metal warehouse. Also on the north side of the turning basin is located a concrete decked steel sheet pile dock 1,000 feet long and 140 feet wide with a 500- by 100-foot metal warehouse located on the dock. Along the west end of the basin is a concrete wharf 450 feet long and 165 feet wide contain- ing a 400- by 120-foot metal warehouse with an adjoining truck- unloading apron 100 feet by 16 feet. All of the above terminals have rail facilities. On the west end of the basin is a timber dock 400 feet long used for servicing small craft. Located on the south- west corner of the turning basin is a marine ways for servicing shrimp boats and other small craft and a repair shop operated in connection therewith, all of which are privately owned. On the 752 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 south side of the turning basin, toward the west end, is located a concrete barge dock 300 feet long and 100 feet wide with a 400- foot unloading and storage apron, and a steel warehouse of 25,000 square-foot area, complete with railroad spur track. Also located on the south side of the basin is a concrete dock 525 feet long and 20 feet wide, with 2 open steel sheds 32 by 280 feet located thereon. This dock is equipped with complete systems for handling tropical fruits and is served by two railroad spur tracks. On the west side of the south slip is located a concrete open dock 500 feet long and 100 feet wide, equipped with a railroad spur track to the rear of the apron. The Brownsville Navigation District has enlarged the Turning Basin to the east along the south side of the channel and is constructing a new dock 2,376 feet in length therein. On the north side of the channel and to the east of the turning basin are located three 500-foot oil docks with direct pipeline con- nections to the bulk-oil terminals and to the chemical refining and separating plants, also a 350-foot concrete oil-barge dock with direct pipeline connections to the chemical refining and separating plants. North of the general cargo terminal is a privately owned, high-density cotton compress, with a storage capacity of 46,000 bales, covering an area of 347,000 square feet. Also north of the general cargo terminal is a bonded warehouse having a storage capacity of 10 acres and equipped with rail facilities. On the southwest corner of the navigation district property is located a privately-owned cotton compress and warehouse equipped with 2 high-density presses having 320,000 square feet of storage space and a storage capacity of 60,000 bales. In addition, 2 cotton com- presses are located in the city of Brownsville, Tex. These com- presses have combined storage capacity of 90,000 bales and are serviced by direct rail and truck connections with port facilities. The Brownsville Navigation District employs 1 rubber-tired mobile crane of 15-ton capacity on the terminal. Diesel fuel is available at the dock on the south side of the basin. The oil docks are equipped with facilities for handling and/or storing crude and refined oil. These oil docks have direct pipeline connections to the various oil storage terminals. There are 5 privately owned terminals equipped with facilities for handling petroleum products having a combined maximum storage capacity of 1,288,605 bar- rels. Two chemical refining and separating plants are located on navigation district property to the east of the port proper, and have adequate facilities servicing the oil docks, including railroad and highway connections which are open to all on equal terms. The Brownsville Navigation District has dredged a basin for shrimp trawlers and small fishing boats located 4.4 miles east of the Brownsville turning basin. It consists of 2 slips each 400 feet wide, 1,500 feet long, and 15 feet deep, connected to the Browns- ville ship channel by a channel 800 feet long and 100 feet wide. There are 7,600 linear feet of docking space for the fishing and shrimp boats including 14 fuel and icing piers. There are 11 fish and shrimp processing and freezing plants in operation or under contract along the 2 slips. A modern marine railway is in opera- tion, equipped with facilities for handling up to 5 boats at a time, RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 753 which is to be enlarged at a later date to handle up to 10 boats at a time. Additional facilities at this basin include 6 fuel and ice plants, 4 radio and Loran repair shops, 1 electric repair shop and 4 marine engine repair shops. The facilities are privately owned and operated, and are available on an individual contract basis. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $9,460. Additional costs for repairs to the north jetty under contract were made at a cost of $289. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications for dredging the sea bar and jetty channel by U. S. hopper dredge A. Mackenzie was done at a cost of $2,387 and dredging was done during the period May 28 to June 24, 1956, removing 276,800 cubic yards of material over 9,500 feet of channel at a cost of $63,098. The total cost for all work for fiscal year was $75,234. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 61 per- cent complete. The 25-foot project channels and jetties were com- pleted in 1936. The deepening of the sea bar and jetty channels to the 31-foot depth and of the inside channels and basins to the 28-foot depth was completed in 1940. Widening and deepening the Port Isabel turning basin as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, was completed in 1947. The 32-foot proj- ect channels and basins were completed in 1949. Work remaining consists of deepening the entrance channel to 38 feet at mean low tide from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico through Brazos San- tiago Pass, deepening to 36 feet all other channels and turning basins, widening to variable widths certain sections of the chan- nels, extending the Brownsville and Port Isabel turning basins and constructing a small boat turning basin with a connecting channel adjacent to the Brownsville ship channel. The controlling depths over usable widths at mean low tide in the various channels and basins comprising the waterway were as follows: Jetty channel from deep water in gulf to inside Brazos Santiago Pass__ 35.5 From inside Brazos Santiago Pass to westerly side of Long Island__- 29.5 Westerly side of Long Island to turning basin at Port Isabel ..--... 30.5 .Turning basin at Port Isabel__________________________________ 30.5 Channel from westerly side Long Island to turning basin at Brownsville ------------------------------ -- ------ 27.5 Turning basin near Brownsville___________________________ 30 The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds----------------- ------------ $1,860,747 $4,669,370 $6,530,117 Public works funds------------------------ 2,848,560 -------------------- 2,848,560 Total United States funds- .......... 4,709,307 4,669,370 9,378,677 _ Contributed funds- ----------------------- 1,683,258 -------------------- 1,683,258 Total all funds_ .------------ - ----- 6,392,565 4,669,370 11,061,935 754 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $5,385,162 Cost------ ------------------------------------------------------------ 5,385,162 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $394,055 $96,235 $739,700 $637,800 $74,800 4,669,270 Cost ---------------- 657,113 177,759 429,886 953,027 75,234 4,669,371 1 Includes $799,217 for new work for previous projects. 2In addition $1,806,619 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ $400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 400, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ __ _ ___ 3,680, 000 16. PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE MADE DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey conducted Clear Creek and Clear Lake, Tex_---------....--- -- -- $34.00 June 1956. 17. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 Estimated full report _ amount re- Name of project see Annual quired to Report Operation complete for- Construction and mainte- 1 1. Johnsons Bayou, La.__--__------------- 1933 $2,261.35 $54,042.26 (2) 2. Mouth of Trinity River, 4 Tex.'-------------- 1928 79,540.44 10,870.95 (2) 3. Bastrop Bayou, Tex. ' .. - - - - 1931 9,920.22 27,129.21 $23,760 4. Brazos River, Tex., from Velasco to old Wash- ington s_________________________________ 1924 216,989.48 223,010.52 130,400 5. East Bay Bayou (Hanna Reef), Tex.' s _ ._ 1922 2,476.02 847.80 72,500 6. Oyster Creek, Tex. ---------------------- 1922 6,942.24 7,556.73 (2) 7. Corpus Christi, Tex., channel to Navy sea- plane base, Encinal Peninsula-.......... 1946 1,194,344.69 15,579.63 (2) 8. Little Bay, Tex___ -1951- ----- __-------- - (7) 9. -------------------- Dickinson Bayou, Tex .... 1954 33,942.00 57,553.00 (2) 10. Clear Creek and Clear Lake, Tex .......------------ 1955 66,934.00 115,064.00 (2) 1Channel adequate for commerce. 2 Completed. 3 No commerce reported. 4 The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 768, 80th Cong., 2d sess.) revoked the 6-foot channel for Bastrop Bayou as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 337, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), and reauthorized only that portion of the existing 4- by 100-foot project lying westward of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. 5 To be restudied. Last revision of project cost estimate, 1954. 6 Inactive. Last revision of project cost estimate, 1954. 7Being constructed by local interests under Dept. Army Permit. Work began Apr. 1, 1955, and scheduled for completion Aug. 31, 1955. Estimated cost: $35,000. ALTERATION OF BRIDGES-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 755 18. BRIDGE RELOCATION, CORPUS CHRISTI, TEXAS (PORT ARANSAS-CORPUS CHRISTI WATERWAY, TEX.) Location. The obstructive bridge to be replaced is located over the entrance channel to the main turning basin of the Port Aransas-Corpus Christi Waterway, Tex., at Corpus Christi, Texas. The new bridge will be located over the Tule Lake extension of the Port Aransas-Corpus Christi Waterway about 41/2 miles up chan- nel from the present bridge. Existing project. The existing project provides for the reloca- tion of the existing bascule bridge at Corpus Christi, Texas, with a vertical-lift type bridge over the Tule Lake extension. The existing bascule bridge accomodates a single-track railway and two-lane high-way with a limited horizontal clearance of 97.6 feet and being critically located has become unreasonably obstructive to marine and vehicular traffic. To avoid the critical location, the bridge will be replaced by a new vertical-lift bridge of like capacity upchannel across the Tule Lake extension about 41/2 miles where marine traffic is considerably less dense. The new bridge will pro- vide for an ultimate channel width of 300 feet and a vertical clear- ance of 138 feet at mean high water. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range at Corpus Christi and in the Tule Lake extension is about 1 foot and the ex- treme about 11/ feet. The estimated cost to construct the new bridge is $3,761,000 (July 1956), exclusive of $1,889,000 non-Federal costs. The existing project was authorized under the provisions of the Truman-Hobbs Act dated June 21, 1940. Local cooperation. Not applicable since the bridge construction is not a local cooperation project. However, under the provisions of the Truman-Hobbs Act, the bridgeowner is required to pay a prorata portion of the approved apportionment schedule of costs. Operations and results during fiscal year. A contract was awarded on February 8, 1956, by the City of Corpus Christi, bridge- owner, for the construction of substructure and fenders for the new bridge. The contract is scheduled to be completed by August 1957. Bids were opened May 31, 1956, for construction of the superstructure. The city of Corpus Christi has recommended re- jection of all bids with readvertisement in view. Approval is pending. Steel shortage is expected to delay start of construction from 12 to 14 months. The total Federal cost for the fiscal year was $10,310. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was ap- proximately 1 percent complete. Construction of the substruc- ture and fenders for the new bridge was started during the fiscal year. The work remaining consists of construction of the superstruc- ture, approaches with fill and drainage, and relocation of railroads, terminals and traffic controls, and finally, removal of the old bridge and track. 756 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........-------- ----------------------- $1,500,000 ------------ $1,500,000 Cost ..... ............ ----------------- 10,310 10,310 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------- $989, 690 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------------------- 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------- 1,489, 690 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------- 1, 761,000 19. BUFFALO BAYOU, TEX. Location. These improvements are located on Buffalo Bayou, a tributary of the San Jacinto River, in Harris County, west and northwest of the city of Houston, Tex. (See U. S. G. S. quadrangle sheets for Harris County.) Existing project. The authorized plan provides for the im- provement of Buffalo Bayou and its tributaries above the turning basin (Houston) of the Houston Ship Channel to control floods for the protection of the city of Houston, and to prevent the deposition of silt in the turning basin of the ship channel by construction of detention reservoirs, enlargement and rectification of channels and construction of control works. The estimated cost for new work is as follows: Federal (Corps of Engineers) $41,700,000 (July 1956), and non-Federal $39,900,- 000 (July 1956). The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is as follows: Federal $92,000 (July 1956), and non-Federal $115,000 (July 1956). The existing project was authorized by Flood Control Acts ap- proved August 11, 1939, and September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 250, 83d Cong., 2d sess.), which provided, in lieu of the features authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved June 20, 1938 (H. Doc. 456, 75th Cong., 2d sess.), for Barker and Addicks Reservoirs on Buf- falo Bayou and for clearing, straightening, enlarging, and lining where necessary the channels of Buffalo, Brays, and White Oak Bayous. Barker and Addicks dams control 150 and 129 square miles, respectively. Barker Dam is an earthfill detention dam 71,900 feet long, including outlet works, and approximately 37 feet high, with a reservoir capacity of 207,000 acre-feet. Addicks Dam is an earthfill detention dam 61,166 feet long, including outlet works, and approximately 49 feet high, with a reservoir capacity of 204,500 acre-feet. Each dam has outlet works consisting of 3 gated and 2 ungated culverts. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, requires that responsible interests give assurances satis- FLOOD CONTROL--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 757 factory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish with- out cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights- of-way, and spoil-disposal areas required for construction of the channel improvements and reimburse the United States for the cost of lands for the existing rectified channel below Addicks and Barker reservoirs; bear the cost of all highway bridge, utility, and sewer changes required for the improvements; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; maintain and operate all of the channel improvements after com- pletion, including the existing 7.4 miles of channel rectification works below Addicks and Barker reservoirs, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army, except such dredging as may be required to maintain the desilting basin and the Federal navigation project in Buffalo Bayou; and establish and en- force building limit lines approved by the Secretary of the Army along all of the improved channels. None of these requirements have been formally complied with. However, local interests have established building limit lines along Buffalo Bayou and have re- moved encroachments from the floodway and have acquired about 50 percent of the lands needed for the improvement. In addition, local interests have started a program in 1955 for reconstruction of highway bridges, utilities and sewer facilities. The offer of the Harris County flood control district to advance the sum of $2,900,- 000 to the Department for prosecution of the Buffalo Bayou proj- ect was accepted by the Secretary of War, and $2,500,000 was ac- cepted on December 18, 1940, $400,000 on July 10, 1945, and $1,- 500,000 on March 5, 1956. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Design memorandum No. 1, preliminary surveys, plans and specifications and miscellaneous work for channel rectification in Brays Bayou were made at a cost of $100,000. Channel rectification in Brays Bayou between Main Street (mile 11.5) and Stella Link Road (mile 13.6) under a continuing contract from May 17 to June 30, 1956, was performed at a cost of $289,079. No progress was made during the year for land acquisition for Barker Reservoir, Addicks Reservoir, and Buffalo. However, a refund of $2.00 from money deposited with the Clerk of the Court for this feature of work was credited as a minus $2.00 cost for the fiscal year. Maintenance: Routine operations, maintenance, and care were carried on from July 1, 1955 to June 30, 1956, on Barker and Addicks Dams and the rectified channel at a cost of $51,942. Re- placing of fence at Barker Dam was performed with hired labor and Government-furnished material during the fiscal year at a cost of $12,075. Total cost of all work for fiscal year was $453,094 of which $389,077 was for new work, and $64,017 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 29 percent complete. Construction of Barker Dam was completed in February 1945. Addicks Dam and 7.4 miles of 758 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 channel rectification to South Canal were completed in October 1948. Land acquisition for Barker and Addicks Dams and channel rectification work was 99 percent complete. Work remaining consists of the design and construction of channel rectification for Brays, White Oak, and Buffalo Bayous. Total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds __-.------------------- -- - $8,723,865 $846,450 $9,570,315 Advance funds----------------------------- 3,189,079 3,-------------3,189,079 Total for all work.. ------------...... 11,912,944 846,450 12,759,394 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----.... $60,000 ------------ -$63,800 $151,158 $100,000 $8,725,386 - Cost__-------_ - 92,938 $27,881 778 151,073 99,998 8,723,865 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- 90,000 81,800 82,000 58,900 66,800 850,350 Cost--...-------------- 85,911 81,548 78,929 76,211 64,017 846,450 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- . 1 $1, 521 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 957---------------------------------------- 1957 - 6,, 900, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------- 6, 901, 521 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------_ 26, 074, 614 1 See cost and financial summary for advanced funds. ADVANCED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--- ----------------------------------------- $1,500,000 $4,400,000 Cost_ _ ----- ----------------------------------------------- 289,079 3,189,079 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -- ------------------- - -- -- -- 1 115, 536 1Upon receipt of $6, 900,000 fiscal year 1957, Federal funds $4, 400,000 will be repaid to the Harris County Flood-Control District. At that time cost and financial data will be transferred to Federal funds. See cost and financial summary for Federal funds. FLOOD CONTROL-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 759 20. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Mill Creek, Tex. ------------------------- 1952 $24,800 -------------- $623,200 2. Lavaca-Navidad Rivers, Tex.'--------------- 1952 43,100 718,900 1Inactive. 21. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood ControlAct). Tranquitas Creek: The proposed project is located at Kings- ville, Kleberg County, Tex., on Tranquitas Creek. The city of Kingsville is located about 34 miles southwest of Corpus Christi, Texas, and about 140 miles southeast of San Antonio, Texas. The proposed project provides for channel enlargement along Tranquitas Creek for a distance of about 12,600 feet, clearing about 150 acres along Tranquitas Creek channel from its mouth upstream about 31,500 feet, and channel paving under 2 high- way bridges and 1 railroad bridge. The estimated Federal cost for construction (1956) is $148,000. Work was started May 17, 1956, under contract to improve the project as authorized. The contract is scheduled to be completed in September 1956. The cost to local interests, including lands and damages and enlarge- ment of 1 highway bridge opening; is estimated at $42,000. The total cost during the fiscal year was $44,943. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $52,551 all for new work from regular funds. Allotments for the Kingsville project totaled $148,000 to June 30, 1946. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 New work: Appropriated........---------------- ------------ $7,000 $1,000 $140,000 $148,000 Cost ------------------------------------- 4,235 3,373 44,943 52,551 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ $39, 875 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _______________ __ ___ 39,875 Emergency Flood-controlActivities-Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th 'Cong., and antecedent legislation). Operations consisted of: advance preparation for flood emer- gencies at a cost of $1,513; flood investigation at Raymondville, Texas, at a cost of $276; and plans and specifications and work under contract during the period July 25, 1955, to April 3, 1956, 760 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 for the repair of Little Cypress Bayou levee at Orange, Texas, at a cost of $49,370. The cost for all work performed during the fiscal year from regular funds was $51,159. In addition cost of $11,000 was incurred under contributed funds for work at the Little Cypress Bayou Levee at Orange, Tex. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated----....... ..------------ ......------------ $98,000 $185 -$324 $97,861 Cost ------------------------------------ 38,640 7,237 51,159 97,036 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ ..------------------- ........----------- $9,000 $2,000 $11,000 Cost------- ------------ ------------------------------------ 11,000 11,000 22. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of work during the year was $104,306. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year was $11,087. The balance of $11,087 will be applied to studies underway. The estimated additional sum of $125,700 can be profitably ex- pended during fiscal year 1957. 23. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Activities under this heading included the study and analysis of rainfall and stream-gaging records in connection with flood- forecasting procedure for predicting maximum floodflows and stages to be expected from storm data as it is received. Cost was incurred in the amount of $807. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT The district comprises that portion of Texas south of the Red River drainage basin exclusive of the drainage basin of the Rio Grande and its tributaries above and including the Pecos River; exclusive of the drainage basins of all the short streams arising in the coastal plain of Texas and flowing into the Gulf of Mexico, including the entire basin of Buffalo Bayou, San Jacinto, San Bernard, Lavaca, Navidad, Mission, and Aransas Rivers; exclu- sive of the lower basins of the major streams flowing into the Gulf as follows: Sabine River, Tex. and La., downstream from the U. S. Highway 190 crossing at Bon Wier, Tex.; Neches River downstream from the Townbluff gaging station: Trinity River downstream from the Texas State Highway 45 crossing at River- side, Tex.; Brazos River downstream from the confluence with Navasota River; Colorado River downstream from the gaging station at Austin; Guadalupe River downstream from the con- fluence with San Marcos River; San Antonio River downstream from the confluence with Escondido Creek; Nueces River down- stream from the confluence with Frio and Atascosa Rivers; and exclusive of the Agua Dulce, San Fernando and Olmos Creeks basins draining into Baffins Bay, and the coastal area south there- of to the Rio Grande and east of the western boundary of Starr County, Tex. The district includes that portion of western Louisiana in the Sabine River drainage basin upstream from the U. S. Highway 190 crossing at Bon Wier, Tex., and the portion of eastern New Mexico embraced in the drainage basins of the Brazos and Colorado Rivers. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control--Continued Page Page 1. Neches and Angelina Rivers, 17. Belton Reservoir, Leon River, T ex----- ---- --------- 762 T ex----------- --------- 785 2. McGee Bend Reservoir, An- 18. San Angelo Reservoir, North gelina River, Tex ......... 763 Concho River, Tex ....... 786 3. Dam B Reservoir, Neches 19. Hords Creek Reservoir, Pecan River, Tex._ 764 Bayou, Tex_ ....-- 788 4. Other authorized navigation 20. Canyon Reservoir, Guadalupe projects-__-- - 766 River, Tex-__..-..- ..-- 789 21. Guadalupe and San Antonio Flood control Rivers, Tex .. .-.- 790 22. San Antonio Channel Improve- 5. Trinity River and tributaries, ment, Tex----_. 791 Tex - - - -- - 766 23. Kenedy, Escondido Creek, 6. Lavon Reservoir, Tex - 7. Lewisville Reservoir, Tex .... ... 767 769 Tex . --... . - - - 793 24. Other authorized flood-control 8. Grapevine Reservoir, Tex .... 771 projects_. . . 793 9. Dallas Floodway, Tex ...... 773 25. Inspection of completed flood- 10. Benbrook Reservoir, Tex .... 775 control works.- --- 794 11. Fort Worth Floodway, Tex - 776 26. Flood-control work under spe- 12. Navarro Mills Reservoir, Tex_ 778 cial authorization _ __ ._ 794 13. Whitney Reservoir, Brazos River, Tex_ 779 General Investigations 14. Brazos River and tributaries, Tex_- - - - - 781 27. Examinations and surveys --- 795 15. Waco Reservoir, Tex ....... 783 28. Research and development. . 795 16. Proctor Reservoir, Leon River, Tex.. - --..... 784 761 762 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1. NECHES AND ANGELINA RIVERS, TEX. Location. The Neches River has its source 60 miles southeast of Dallas and flows generally southeast 416 miles to Sabine Lake 4 miles east of Port Arthur, Tex. The Angelina River flows southeast 200 miles to its confluence with the Neches River 126 miles above it mouth. The authorized features are located as follows: Rockland Dam on Neches River approximately 3 miles west of Rockland, Tex.; McGee Bend Dam on Angelina River approximately 10 miles northwest of Jasper, Tex.; Dam A on Neches River approximately 4 miles west of Borger, Tex.; Dam B on Neches River approximately one-half mile north of Town Bluff, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey Base Map, Northeast Texas, Scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for dams and reservoirs to be located at the Rockland and McGee Bend Dam sites on the Neches and Angelina Rivers, respectively, which will effect a large measure of flood protection to agricul- tural lands in the lower river valley and to the city of Beaumont, reduce the hazards to navigation resulting from floods, and provide a regulated flow in the lower river to supply municipal, agricultural, and industrial demands. In addition, these pro- posed projects would permit the development of a large amount of firm power and afford opportunities for recreation. The plan also provides for construction of Dam A, located on the Neches River below Rockland Dam, for the development of power; and Dam B, located below the confluence of the Angelina and Neches Rivers, to regulate the daily fluctuations in discharge from the turbines in the upper projects and to develop a limited amount of power. Construction of Rockland and Dam A Reservoirs and of power facilities at Dam B is to be deferred until justified by future conditions. As itemized in the tables below, the estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956 for Dam B and McGee Bend Reservoirs and in 1954 for Dam A and Rockland Reservoirs, is $109,090,000 including $5,000,000 non-Federal costs. The flood-control works included in the comprehensive plan are listed below: RIVERS AND HARBORS-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 763 Rockland 1 McGee Bend Dam A' Dam B Stream- ___-_______-....... Neches ...-------- Angelina.-__.. Neches------- ....... Neches. Nearest city____________ _ Rockland-....... Jasper---------...... Horger-......... Town Bluff. Drainage area square miles ... 3626___............. 3453-----------........... 3778-----------...... 7585. Distance above mouth of 160.4------- .......---... 151.3---------........... 142.0.........----------. 113.7. Neches River (river-miles). Height (feet)--------------- 106------------ ----------- 128_ 49__------------ 45. Type__ ____________ -____ Earthflll-...... Earthfill........ Concrete and Concrete and earth. earth. Flood-control storage capacity 1,020,100-........ 1,148,900--...... None...---------- None. (acre-feet). Power and regulation of flow 1,125,500 1,383,500- ..... Pondage .-- _-- 94,200. (acre-feet). Dead storage (acre-feet)-...... 1,141,700- ....... 1,508,400-........ None.........---------- None. Total storage (acre-feet) ... 3,287,300- ....... 4,040,800- ..... Pondage-...-... 94,200. Power development (k.w.)... 13,500...--------- 45,000__________.......... 2,700 .....---------- 2,935. Estimated cost: Construction _-- - $32,468,500 $29,842,000 $3,213,400 $6,563,200 Lands and damages ... _ 13,831,500 21,758,000 6,600 1,406,800 Total____.... __________ 46,300,000 251,600,000 3,220,000 $ 7,970,000 1 Inactive. Estimated cost is as of July 1954. 2Includes $3,000,000 contributed funds. 8 Includes $2,000,000 contributed funds. Note. See individual reports for further details. 2. McGEE BEND RESERVOIR, ANGELINA RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Angelina River 25.2 miles upstream from its confluence with the Neches River and about 10 miles northwest of Jasper, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control, water conservation, and hydroelectric power development in the Neches-Angelina Rivers Basin, provides for the construction of a rolled-earthfill embank- ment 10,950 feet in length, earthen saddle dikes totaling 8,251 feet, an uncontrolled concrete spillway with a net length of 400 feet, and a concrete nonoverflow section 307 feet long. The top of the dam will be about 128 feet above the river bed. The reservoir will have a storage capacity of 4,040,800 acre-feet, including 1,148,900 acre-feet of flood-control storage, 1,383,500 acre-feet of power storage, and 1,508,400 acre-feet of dead storage. The capacity of the initial installation of hydroelectric power generating facilities will be 45,000 kilowatts. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $29,842,000 for construction and $21,758,000 for lands and damages, a total of $51,600,000, including $3,000,000 to be contributed by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (PL 14, 79th Cong., 1st sess.) in accordance with the plan of improvement outlined in Senate Document 98, 76th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. The project was adopted subject to the provision that before construction is started upon any element, the State of Texas or other responsible local agency give as- surances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that upon completion of the entire project it will contribute toward the first cost of the work the sum of $5,000,000. The Lower Neches Valley Authority has furnished assurances, which were accepted 764 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on November 13, 1947, that at any time after Congress appropriates sufficient funds for the construction of Dam B Reservoir, which by the addition of $2,000,000 would be sufficient to complete Dam B Reservoir, upon demand by the Secretary of the Army it will contribute $2 million toward the cost of construction of Dam B Reservoir; and upon completion of McGee Bend Reservoir on the Angelina River, it will contribute $3 million toward the first cost of the work. To date, local interests have contributed $2 million toward the first cost of Dam B Reservoir. In addition, local interests, by resolution dated September 8, 1955, further assured the Secretary of the Army that it would contribute an additional $200,000 annually for a period of 50 years after completion of the project. Negotiations are continuing in connection with a formal contract embodying these assurances, and consummation is anticipated early in fiscal year 1957. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of engineering and design and real-estate planning by hired labor. Total cost during the fiscal year was $304,873, all for new work from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 2 percent complete. Engineering and design was 31 percent com- plete. Construction had not been initiated. Total cost to June 30, 1956, was $1,011,726, all for new work from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated......_ _ -$103, 743 $50,000 -$30, 000 $523 $1,500,000 $2,206,980 Cost__-- __________ 26,334 6,690 12,730 977 304,873 1,011,726 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ... $1, 136, 952 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ 4, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 5, 136, 952 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ 42, 393, 020 3. DAM B RESERVOIR, NECHES RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Neches River with damsite about 12.4 miles below the mouth of the Angelina River, one-half mile north of Town Bluff, Tex., and 93 river miles north of Beaumont, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control, water conservation, and hydroelectric power development in the Neches-Angelina Rivers RIVERS AND HARBORS-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 765 basin, consists of a concrete and earth dam consisting of 6,100 feet of uncontrolled spillway, 326 feet of gated channel spillway, and a nonoverflow section 272 feet long. The top of the dam is about 45 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir has a storage capacity for conservation of 94,200 acre-feet. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $6,563,200 for construction and $1,406,800 for lands and damages, a total of $7,970,000, including $2,000,000 contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $62,000 (1956). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (PL 14, 79th Cong., 1st sess.), in accordance with the plan of improvement outlined in Senate Document 98, 76th Congress, 1st session. The River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948, modified this project so as to provide that the local agency which gives assurances that upon completion of the entire project it will contribute toward the first cost of the work the sum of $5 million, will be permitted to withdraw from the pool of Dam B not to exceed 2,000 cubic feet of water per second for its own use (PL 858, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of land acquisition by hired labor, and construction of storage and shop facilities by contract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1955, to June 30, 1956. Total cost during the fiscal year was $23,432 for new work and $60,393 for maintenance, a total of $83,825, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during March 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in April 1951. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Land acquisition was 97 percent complete and construction was completed. Work re- maining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition. The total costs to June 30, 1956, for regular funds were $5,926,387 for new work and $269,721 for maintenance, a total of $6,196,108. The total costs to June 30, 1956, for contributed funds, were $2,000,000 for new work. 766 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated....-------- $61,300 $677, 600 -$34, 650 $26, 700 -$64, 254 $5, 927,796 Cost-__ -------- _ 159,400 410,523 227,405 16,492 23,432 5,926,387 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ 67,980 31,746 57,500 52,880 60,000 270,106 Cost ..---......__ _ 60,075 32,514 60,650 56,089 60,393 269,721 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $1, 241 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957____- _ 1, 241 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _______________ 42, 204 Note. In addition, $2 million for new work was expended from contributed funds. 4. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Dam A Reservoir, Neches River, Tex.- ..... 1952 $21,700- - $3,198,300 2. Rockland ReserVoir, Neches River, Tex. ..... 1952 510,200 ------------ -45,789,800 1Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision 1954. 5. TRINITY RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, TEXAS Location. These improvements are located in the upper por- tion of the Trinity River Basin within a 50-mile radius of Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, adopted the comprehensive plan of improvement for navigation, flood control, and allied purposes, in the Trinity River Basin, as outlined in House Document 403, 77th Congress, 1st session. This plan provides for the construction at this time of Benbrook, Little Elm, and Grapevine Reservoirs, the modification of Garza Dam, and the improvement of the levees and floodways at Fort Worth and Dallas, for flood protection and water conservation. The act also adopted the modification con- tained in House Document 533, 78th Congress, 2d session, which provides for the construction of the Lavon Reservoir on the East Fork of the Trinity River. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, modified the authorized Lavon Reservoir to provide for conservation storage as may be determined warranted by the Secretary of War upon the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers. The Civil Functions Appropriation Act, approved October 24, 1951, further modified Lavon Reservoir to provide for construction of water conservation and utilization facilities, the cost of these facilities to be repaid by local interests. FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 767 The existing project maps are contained in the project documents. As itemized in the tables below, the estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $73,900,500, including $5,736,800 local contribution for conservation storage in the reservoir projects, and $7,142,500 non-Federal cost on local flood-control projects. The flood-control works included in the comprehensive plan are listed below: Dams and reservoirs Benbrook Lavon Grapevine Lewisville Stream. ..------------------- Clear Fork-..... East Fork-...._ Denton Crk.... Elm Fork. Nearest city.--------------- Benbrook- ... . Lavon . Grapevine-_ .__ -__-_-_-_ Lewisville. Drainage area (square miles) 433____ ____ 777--.... ... 694 ......----------- 1,658. Distance above mouth (miles)_ 15.0 ...... .. 55.9--------.........--- 11.7-----------.......... 30.0. Height (feet)------- -130----------- 69_------------ 137----------- 125. Type -------------------- Earthfill-....... Concrete grav- Earthfill- ....... Earthfill. ity and earth. Flood-control storage capacity 170,350-......... 275,600--.......... 238,250--...-... 526,700. (acre-feet). Conservation storage capacity 72,500---..-----...... 100,000-........._ 161,250- .-..- . 436,000. (acre-feet). Sedimentation reserve capac- 15,750------.......--- 47,800---------.......... 36,000-----------. 53,500. ity (acre-feet). Capacity, total (acre-feet)- .... 258,600----..---........ 423,400_---------. 435,500-- .___.. 1,016,200. Estimated cost: Construction ..........-------------- $7, 258,600 $6,476,900 $6,160,700 $10,760,000 Lands and damages....... 3,681,400 4,683,100 4,039,300 10,740,000 Total__---------------- -10,940,000 11,160,000 110,200,000 2 21,500,000 1 Includes $2,036,800 non-Federal costs. 2 Includes $3,700,000 non-Federal costs. Local flood-protection works Estimated Cost Distance Location Stream above Type structure mouth Con- Land (miles) struc- and Total tion damages Fort Worth.. Clear and West 560 Levee and channel clear- $3,552,300 $5,964,700 '$9,517,000 Forks. ing. Dallas....... Elm Fork and 505 Levee, Channel clear- 10,163,500 420,000 210,583,500 Trinity River. ing, and modification of interior drainage. 1 Includes $5,645,000 non-Federal costs. 2 Includes $1,497,500 non-Federal costs. Note. See individual reports for further details. 6. LAVON RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Collin County, Tex., on East Fork of Trinity River, 55.9 miles above it confluence with the Trinity River and about 22 miles northeast of Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, consists of an earthfill dam, approximately 9,499 feet in length, including a gate-controlled concrete spillway 568 feet in length located in the right abutment. The dam has a maximum height of 69 feet above the streambed. The reservoir provides a storage 768 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 capacity of 275,600 acre-feet for flood control, 100,000 acre-feet for conservation, and a sedimentation and dead storage reserve of 47,800 acre-feet, a total of 423,400 acre-feet. The reservoir extends 10 miles up the East Fork and 16.1 miles up Pilot Grove Creek. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $6,476,900 for construction and $4,683,100 for lands and damages, a total of $11,160,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $78,000 (1956). The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Documents and Act Work authorized reports River and Harbor Act of Reservoir for flood control------------------------- H. Doe. 533, 78th Mar. 2, 1945. Cong., 2d sess. River and Harbor Act of Provision of conservation storage _ July 24, 1946. Civil Function Appropria- Construction of water conservation and utilization tion Act, 1952. facilities. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Local interests are required by law to repay the cost of a water supply intake- structure con- structed under authorization provided in the Civil Functions Appropriations Act, 1952, approved October 24, 1951 (PL 203, 82d Cong., 1st sess.). A water conservation contract with the North Texas Municipal Water District for conservation storage in the reservoir, including the cost of the water supply intake structure, was approved by the Secretary of the Army on July 8, 1954, at an estimated first cost of $1,220,291. The first installment under this contract is due and payable January 1, 1958. Under terms of the approved contract the North Texas Munici- pal Water District will contribute annually an amount equal to 13.6 percent of the acutal annual cost experienced for operations and maintenance. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of land acquisition by hired labor, completion of relocations, and completion of con- struction by contract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1955, to June 30, 1956. Total costs during the fiscal year were $247,196 for new work and $60,581 for maintenance, a total of $307,777, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during January 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in October 1953.. At the end of the fiscal year .the project was 99 percent complete. Land acquisition was 99; per- cent complete and construction was completed. Work remaining to be done to :complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition by hired labor. FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 769 The total costs to June 30, 1956, for regular funds were $11,147,954 for new work and $198,423 for maintenance, a total of $11,346,377. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.- __ $1,500,000 $184,600 -$45,800 ..------------- $20,765 $11,153,235 Cost---__ -,... 1,741,987 1,169,857 605,023 $180,006 247,196 11,147,954 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- 7,000 22,450 46,500 63,200 62,000 201,150 - Cost_._ - -- -- ___-- 5,600 18,012 50,531 63,698 60,581 198,423 Other new work data:, :Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 --- $5, 250 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_____________-- -- 5, 250 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project --------------------------- 6, 765 7. LEWISVILLE RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Denton County, Tex., on Elm Fork of Trinity River, 30 river miles above its con- fluence with Trinity River and about 22 miles northwest of city of Dallas, Tex., at a site downstream from the existing Garza Dam. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, provides for the construction of a single earth-filled dam, ap- proximately 32,888 feet in length, including an uncontrolled concrete gravity overflow: spillway 560 feet in length located in the left abutment. This dam, originally designated as the Garza- Little Elm Dam, but changed to Lewisville Dam by Public Law 329, 84th Congress, 1st session, forms a lake which replaces the Little Elm Reservoir, the modified Garza Reservoir, and the Aubrey Reservoir. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 526,700 acre-feet for flood control, 436,000 acre-feet for con- servation, and a sedimentation reserve of 53,500 acre-feet-- a total of 1,016,200 acre-feet. Of the total conservation storage, 415,000 acre-feet are to be provided for the city of Dallas, and 21,000 acre-feet for the city of Denton, the incremental costs of which are to be borne by those cities. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $10,760,000 for construction and $10,740,000 for lands and damages, a total of $21,500,000 including $3,700,000 to be contributed by local inter- ests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $100,000 (1956). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Coristruction of the project was subject to the condition that local interests (city of Dallas) contribute the 770 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 incremental cost now estimated to be $3,700,000, for which they have received 310,000 acre-feet of conservation storage. In addition, the city of Dallas has conveyed sufficient interests over all lands comprising the existing reservoir and appurtenances now controlled by the city of Dallas, to insure the proper opera- tion and management of the project, the power to control and limit development, including improvements existing on Garza Dam, the reservoir lands, and appurtenances and the right to breach Garza Dam in such manner and degree deemed necessary by the United States for the Lewisville Reservoir, and in ex- change for these rights and privileges the city of Dallas has received 105,000 acre-feet of additional conservation storage in the Lewisville Reservoir. A water conservation contract with the city of Dallas was approved by the Secretary of the Army on July 16, 1953. To date, $3,400,000 has been contributed by the city of Dallas. The remaining 21,000 acre-feet of conservation storage has been made available to the city of Denton, Texas, under contract ap- proved by the Secretary of the Army on May 20, 1954, at a cost now estimated at $234,660. To date, the city of Denton has paid $24,030. Under terms of the aforementioned water conservation con- tracts the cities of Dallas and Denton will make annual payments amounting to 21.9 and 1.0 percent, respectively, of the actual annual operation and inaintenance cost experienced. To date the city of Dallas has paid $20,335. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: Relocation of roads, railroads, and utilities was continued by contract, construction of maintenance buildings was completed by contract, and recreation facilities were initiated by contract and hired labor. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1955, to June 30, 1956. The total cost during the fiscal year for regular funds was $264,173 for new work and $68,141 for maintenance, a total of $332,314. Contributed funds: Land acquisition was continued by hired labor. The total cost during the fiscal year for contributed funds was $73,308 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during November 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in November 1954. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 92 percent complete. Land acquisition was 80 percent complete and construction 98 percent complete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition, completion of relocations, breaching of old Garza Dam, and completion of construction of recreation facilities. The total costs to June 30, 1956, for regular funds were $16,707,003 for new work and $145,043 for maintenance, a total of $16,852,046. FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 771 The total costs to June 30, 1956, for contributed funds were $2,772,159 for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-_....... $3,000,000 $4,179,000 $3,250,000 $1,702,400 -$621,400 $17, 733,600 Cost-.---------... . 3,743,079 5,122,523 2,539,032 1,479,303 264,173 16,707, 003 Maintenance: Appropriated_-- _ ---- ------------- 30,900 47,000 69,000 146,900 Cost----- 30,274 46,628 68,141 145,043 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $389, 792 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------------------389, 792 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ________ _ __ _ 66, 400 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_.---- _.-.----.- $267,000 $2,633,000 ....... $3,400,000 Cost------------------ 67,000 1,366,514 $765,337 $73,308 2,772,159 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_______ $622, 640 Unobligated balances lavailable for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________________________ 622, 640 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ______ ____________----- 300, 000 8. GRAPEVINE RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Tarrant and Denton Counties, Tex., on Denton Creek, 11.7 river miles upstream from its confluence with the Elm Fork of the Trinity River and about 20 miles northwest of the city of Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, consists of an earth dam approximately 12,850 feet in length, including an uncontrolled concrete spillway 500 feet in length, located in the left abutment. The dam has a maximum height of 137 feet above the streambed. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 238,250 acre-feet for flood control, 161,250 acre-feet for conservation purposes, and a sedimentation reserve of 36,000 acre-feet, a total of 1,016,200 acre-feet. The reservoir extends 22.2 miles upstream. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $6,160,700 for construction and $4,039,300 for lands and damages, a total of 772 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 $10,200,000, including $2,036,800 to be contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $68,000 (1956). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess.) The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. In accordance with the recommendation contained in the project document, construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests (Park Cities) contribute $607,000 toward the cost of the project, for which they will receive 50,000 acre-feet of conservation storage. The project also provided for an exchange of 75,000 acre-feet of storage between Grapevine and Lake Dallas in order to secure additional flood-control storage in the modified Lake Dallas (Garza). This exchange is no longer required under the plan consisting of the Grapevine and Lewisville Reservoirs; however, the city of Dallas has requested that the project include 8.5,000 acre-feet of conservation storage for which the city of Dallas will pay the incremental cost now estimated to be $1,429,800. A water conservation contract with Dallas County Park Cities Water Control and Improvement District No. 2 was approved by the Secretary of the Army on March 21, 1955. Park Cities have contributed the entire amount of $607,000. A water con- servation contract with the city of Dallas was approved by the Secretary of the Army on March 17, 1954. To date, the city of Dallas has contributed $1,425,000. In addition, a water conservation contract with the city of Grapevine was approved by the Secretary of the Army on Sep- tember 14, 1953, for the 1,250 acre-feet of conservation storage at a cost now estimated to be $21,027. To date, the city of Grape- vine has paid the amount of $3,025. The aforementioned water conservation contracts include pay- ment of operation and maintenance costs as follows: Dallas County Park Cities Water Control and Improvement District No. 2 shall pay a pro rata part of the annual actual experienced cost, such annual payment to be not less than $2,000 nor more than $3,000; the city of Dallas shall pay 9.2 percent of the annual: actual experienced cost; and the total annual payment made by the city of Grapevine shall include its pro rata share of operation and maintenance (now estimated at $79.55 annually). To: date, the following payments have been made: Dallas County Park Cities Water Control and Improvement District No. 2, $4,157; city of Dallas, $7,134; and city of Grapevine, $239. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: Land acquisition was continued by hired labor. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1955, to June 30, 1956. The total costs during the fiscal year for regular funds were -- $1,215 for new work and $52,536 for maintenance, a total of $51,321. Contributed funds: Land acquisition was continued by hired FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 773 labor and construction of highway guardrails was completed by contract. Total costs during the fiscal year for contributed funds were $37,075 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during December 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in July 1952. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Land acquisition was 98 percent complete, and relocations and construction were com- pleted. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition. The total costs to June 30, 1956, for regular funds were $8,140,432 for new work and $207,529 for maintenance, a total of $8,347,961. The total costs to June 30, 1956, for contributed funds were $1,974,241 for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----.....------------$715,000 -$244,600 -$105,400 -$21,545 $8,144,455 Cost -------------- $1,638,060 -475,760 89,062 -67,705 -1,215 8,140,432 Maintenance: Appropriated.-------- 19,300 25,617 53,000 58,400 52,000 208,317 Cost----------------- 19,300 21,719 55,357 58,617 52,536 207,529 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $4, 024 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-- __ - 4, 024 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _____ 18, 745 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New wor:: Appropriated------........ $907,000 .--------- ---- $125,000 -- -- - -- $2,032,000 Cost..---------------- 318,764 $921,786 84,430 $91,686 $37,075 $1,974,241 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _- -- _ $54, 474 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for June 30, 1957 _---- 54, 474 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending completion of existing project ------------- 4, 800 9. DALLAS FLOODWAY, TEX. Location. The floodway is located on Elm Fork and West Fork of the Trinity River at Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the 774 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 comprehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, provides for the strengthening of the levees and the clearing of the floodway. The estimated Federal cost of these modifications (1956) is $9,086,000, and the estimated cost to local interests is $1,497,500, which includes $614,000 cash contribution and $883,500 for lands and damages and construction, a total of $10,583,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Documents and Act Work authorized reports River and Harbor Act of Improvement of levees and floodway-------------- H. Doc. 403, 77th Mar. 2, 1945. Cong., 1st sess. River and Harbor Act of ...........--. H. Doc. 242, 81st Installation of interior drainage facilities---------- May 17, 1950. Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. In addition the project is authorized sub- ject to the conditions that local interests authorize and permit the modifications of the levees and floodways at Dallas, remove or adjust all obstructing bridges and other utilities as required by the Secretary of the Army, prevent obstructions and encroach- ments from being placed in the floodway, construct necessary improvements to the interior drainage facilities for the delivery of runoff to the pumps and sluices, and contribute $300,000 in cash toward the construction of the Turtle Creek pressure sewer when and as required. The required $300,000 cash contribution was received on February 26, 1953. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design was continued by hired labor. Sump D excavation and levees, Turtle Creek pressure sewer part III, Lake Cliff pressure sewer, and Pavaho Street pumping plant were completed by contract. Levee strengthening and Turtle Creek pressure sewer part IV were continued by contract. Turtle Creek pressure sewer part V, Coombs Creek detention basin, and Hampton Road pumping plant were initiated by contract. Total costs during the fiscal year were $2,342,410 from regular funds and $290,500 from contributed funds, a total of $2,632,910, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during January 1953, and the project is scheduled to be ready for beneficial use in June 1957. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 67 percent complete. Engineering and design were 95 percent complete, and construction was 65 percent complete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of channel excavation, levee strengthening, Turtle Creek pressure sewer, Coombs Creek de- tention basin, emergency control structures, and Hampton Road pumping plant. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $5,435,584 from regular funds and $614,02.8 from contributed funds, a total of $6,049,612, all for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 775 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated - $42,600 -.... $1,045,000 $430,000 $1,300,000 $2,690,471 $5, 751,471 Cost---------- .... - 74,521 333,900 746,659 1,731,575 2,342,410 5,435,584 Other new work data: Unobligated balance fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ $76, 935 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------------------- 2, 600, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ -------------- 2, 676, 935 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__ 734, 529 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------......... $300,000 $7,393 $29,000 $287,500 $623,893 Cost---- ... ......... ............ 109,061 214,467 290,500 614,028 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ -_--- 1 $9,864 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___ ___________----- -9, 864 1Available for return to locallinterests. 10. BENBROOK RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Tarrant County, Tex., on Clear Fork of Trinity River, 15 river miles upstream from its confluence with the West Fork of the Trinity River, about 10 miles southwest of Fort Worth, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, consists of an earthfill dam 9,130 feet in length, including an uncontrolled concrete spillway 500 feet in length located in the left abutment. The dam has a maximum height of 130 feet above the stream bed. The reservoir provides a total storage capacity of 258,600 acre-feet, of which 170,350 acre-feet are for flood control, 72,500 acre-feet for conservation storage, and a sedi- mentation reserve of 15,750 acre-feet. The reservoir extends 10.6 miles upstream. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $7,258,600 for construction and $3,681,400 for lands and damages, a total of $10,940,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $65,000 (1956). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) 776 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of land acquisition by hired labor. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1955, to June 30, 1956. Total cost during the fiscal year was - $30 for new work and $48,610 for maintenance, a total of $48,580, all from regular funds. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during May 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in September 1952. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Land acquisition was 95 percent complete, and construction and relocations were com- pleted. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $10,809,927 for new work and $185,740 for maintenance, a total of $10,995,667, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------........ $339,000 -$398,000 $26,400 ....-- - . - -$127,882 $10,817,818 Cost_ -----..---.. -- 864,697 402,224 45,631 $18,437 -30 10,809,927 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- 19,076 21,000 44,000 53,120 49,000 186,196 Cost..........-- 18,439 19,922 43,858 54,911 48,610 185,740 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---- $7, 891 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-_____ 7, 891 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------------- __ 122, 182 11. FORT WORTH FLOODWAY, TEX. Location. The floodway is located on the West Fork and Clear Fork of the Trinity River at Fort Worth, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, provides for raising and strengthening the present levees with material excavated from the channel and floodway, clearing the floodway of timber and debris, removing obstructions and en- larging bridge openings by excavation in order to provide a safe capacity in the Clear Fork portion of 60,000 second-feet and 95,000 second-feet in the West Fork portion of the floodway down- stream of the confluence of the Clear and West Forks. The estimated Federal cost of this modification (1956) is $3,872,000. The estimated cost of non-Federal participation is $5,645,000. FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 777 The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess.) The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. In addition, the project is authorized sub- ject to the conditions that local interests authorize and permit the modification of the levees and floodways at Fort Worth, remove or adjust all obstructing bridges and other utilities and dams as required by the Secretary of the Army and prevent obstructions and encroachments from being placed in the floodway. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: Engineering and design was continued by hired labor. Channel excavation, levees, and drainage facilities were continued by continuing contract. Total cost during the fiscal year for regular funds was $209,947, all for new work. Contributed funds: That portion of channel excavation and levee construction being performed for the benefit of local interests was continued by continuing contracts. Total cost during the fiscal year for contributed funds was $135,137, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started June 1950, and the project was ready for beneficial use in April 1956. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Construction was 99 percent complete, and alteration of railroad and highway bridges was completed. Work remaining to complete the project consists of completion of channel excavation. The total cost to June 30, 1956, for regular funds, was $3,833,741, all for new work. The total cost to June 30, 1956, for contributed funds was $401,756, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- $700,000 $697,000 $950,000 $175,000 ' $70,000 $3,870,000 Cost- ------- --613,721 992,019 982,827 630,169 209,947 3,833,741 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-- $33, 641 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____ __-- - 33,641 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ -- _-- 2,000 778 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-..-._ - $20,000 $46,550 $30,000 $180,230 $133,320 $410,100 Cost----------------- 20,000 ------------ 76,550 170,069 135,137 401,756 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ - _ $8,344 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---------------------------------------- 8,344 12. NAVARRO MILLS RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Navarro County, Tex., at river mile 63.9 on Richland Creek, about 16 miles south- west of Corsicana, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam 14,265 feet in length, including an uncontrolled concrete ogee spillway 350 feet in length, and flood control outlet works consisting of a gate controlled conduit 13 feet in diameter. The dam which has a maximum height of 94 feet above the streambed, will control 316 square miles of drainage area. The reservoir provides a total storage capacity of 203,400 acre-feet, of which 135,100 acre-feet are for flood control, 53,200 acre-feet are for conservation storage, and 15,100 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $4,622,600 for construction and $3,187,400 for lands and damages, a total of $7,810,000, including $2,810,000 to be contributed by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 498, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. In accordance with the recommendation contained in the project document, construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) pay an amount equal to 25 percent of the total cost of the project for conservation storage space provided in the reservoir; (b) pay an amount equal to 11 percent of the total cost of the project, which percentage represents the proportionate local share of the flood-control portion of the project attributable to increase in net returns from higher utilization of the downstream valley lands; and (c) assume 25 percent of the annual cost of mainte- nance and operation, payable in 1 lump sum on a capitalized basis, or annually. Local interests have expressed a willingness to acquire the conservation storage space provided and to assume a proportion- ate share of the cost of annual maintenance. No definite com- mitments have been received concerning payment for increased utilization of downstream lands; however, the Trinity River Authority, a duly authorized State agency, was created by act of FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 779 the Texas Legislature, which act became effective on September 6, 1955. It is expected that the Trinity River Authority will act as the principal sponsoring agency for the Navarro Mills project, particularly with respect to payment for increased utilization of downstream lands. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of initiation of engineering and design by hired labor. Total cost during the fiscal year was $32,610 for new work from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 1 percent complete. Engineering and design was 19 percent complete. Total cost under the existing project, all for new work from regular funds, was $32,610. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........----------------------------------------------- $50,000 $50,000 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------ 32,610 32,610 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $17, 353 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------------- 60, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year June 30, 1957--------------------------------------- 77, 353 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------------4, 890, 000 13. WHITNEY RESERVOIR, BRAZOS RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Brazos River, Tex., about 442 miles above the mouth of the river, 5.5 miles southwest of Whitney, Tex., and about 38 miles upstream from the city of Waco, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets; Waco, Cleburne, and Grandbury, scale 1: 125,000, and Whitney, Blum, and Morgan, scale 1: 62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a con- crete dam about 1,674 feet long at the top, including an 824-foot gate-controlled spillway section; 2 earthen embankment sections totaling 8,201 feet; and saddle dikes 7,820 feet long. The top of the dam is about 159 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir provides a controlled storage capacity of 2,017,500 acre-feet, including 1,630,500 acre-feet of flood control storage, 131,700 acre-feet of power storage, and 255,300 acre-feet of dead storage. A powerhouse is located adjacent to the right bank immediately downstream from the nonoverflow section of the dam. The capacity of the initial installation of hydroelectric generating facilities is 30,000 kilowatts. The project which controls 17,656 square miles affords substantial flood protection to the city of 780 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Waco, Tex., and the lower Brazos River Valley, and provides for generation of hydroelectric power, and for other beneficial water uses. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $26,773,000 for construction and $13,847,000 for lands and damages, a total of $40,620,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $250,000 (1956). The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Documents and Act Work authorized reports Flood Control Act of Aug. $5,000,000 for initiation and partial accomplishment I-T. Doc. 390, 76th 18, 1941. Cong., 1st sess. Flood Control Act of Dec. Completion of project-------------------------- 22, 1944. Civil Functions Appropria- Provide suitable access road from town of Blum, PL 504, 82d Cong., tion Act of 1953. Texas, to Gulf, Colorado, & Santa Fe Ry. 2d sess. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of land acquisition by hired labor. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1955, to June 30, 1956. Total costs during the fiscal year were $168,638 for new work and $198,208 for maintenance, a total of $366,846, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during June 1946, and the project was ready for flood-control use in December, 1951. The first power was placed on the line in June 1953. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Land acquisition was 96 percent com- plete, construction was 99 percent complete, and relocations were complete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition and construction of recreational facilities. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $40,318,318 for new work and $678,394 for maintenance, a total of $40,996,712, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,.1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-....... $3,800,000 -$626,000 -- ,--. -$27,500 -$265,100 $40,414,900 Cost_ --- - ------- 5,769,419 2,190,850 $478,565 -48,540 168,638 40,318,318 Maintenance: Appropriated- __---. -. 41,400 , . 102,983 148,700 196,000 191,000 680,083 Cost- -... . .------.38 231 77, 482 169,206 195,267 198,208 678,394 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __ $65, 292 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__------ --- 65, 292 Estimated additional amount needed to be apprpriated for completion of existing project.------ ------- - _ 205, 100 FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 781 14. BRAZOS RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, !TEX. Location. These improvements are located in the central portion of the Brazos River Basin within an 85-mile radius of Belton, Tex. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, adopted the basinwide plan of improvement in the Brazos River Basin as outlined in House Document 535, 81st Congress, 2d session, and authorized the appropriation of $40,000,000 for partial accomplishment of that plan. The plan provides for the construction of the following additional reservoirs for flood control and allied purposes in the Brazos River Basin, Tex.: Waco Reservoir on the Bosque River, Proctor Reservoir on the Leon River, Lampasas Reservoir on the Lampasas River, Lane- port Reservoir on the San Gabriel River, Somerville Reservoir on Yegua Creek, and Ferguson Reservoir on the Navasota River. The plan also provides for improvement of the channel of Sulphur Creek and related work for local flood protection at Lampasas, Tex., and for construction of a levee and related work on the west side of the Brazos River between river miles 250 and 290 to afford flood protection for Burleson County Levee Im- provement District No. 1. The plan further provides for modification of the existing Belton Reservoir project by the installation of hydroelectric power generating facilities. The existing project maps are contained in the project docu- ment. As itemized in the tables below, the estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $138,210,000, including an undeter- mined amount of local contribution for conservation storage in reservoir projects, and $260,000 non-Federal cost on local flood- protection projects. The flood control works included in the basinwide plan are listed below: Dams and reservoirs Modification of Waco Proctor Belton Lampasas Laneport Somerville Ferguson Stream _---__--____-__--__ -________ _. Bosque- .. Leon---------.... Leon....---------- Lampasas-.... San Gabriel--__ Yegua Creek-.... Navasota. Nearest city___________________________________ Waco----------.. - Proctor- ... . _ Belton.--------- Belton ...---------Granger--........ Somerville ..___ Bryan. M Drainage area square miles_____________________ 1,670---------.. ... 1,225---------- 3,412----------......... 1,321...----------. 711------------ 1,012---------- 1,782. Distance above mouth (miles)-____ -- __--- 4.7.......------------. 238.9----.------ 16.7-----------...... 14.8......-----------... 29.1----------- 20.0----------- 36.5. Height (feet) ---------------------------- 135 .........----------- 84------------ 192----------- 169 ..-----------........ 101------------ 62------------ 67. Type__--______________________________________ Concrete and Concrete and Earthfill-....... Concrete and Concrete and Concrete and Concrete and earth, earth. earth. earth. earth. earth. Flood control storage capacity (acre-feet) ------ _. 488,000---------. 256,600--------- 640,000-...-------- 389,900---------... . 236,100......--------.. 326,000---------. 516,400. Conservation storage capacity (acre-feet) ----- 104,100...---------31,400---------....... 12,000---__------ 56,200---------......... 28,400---------........--. 38,800--------- 62,200. Sedimentation reserve capacity (acre-feet) ------. 65,900---------.. -- 32,700---------- 108,100--------- 34,900---------........ 16,600---------.....- 25,900--------- 40,600. Power storage capacity (acre-feet)-- .--- -- ----- - --- - - -- -- 337,500.... 35------------------1 Capacity, total (acre-feet) .....------------------ 658,000_ -------- 320,700---------1,097,600_ ------- O 481,000......--------- 281,100---------- 390,700 ---------. 619,200. Estimated cost: zd Construction__ ... __---__-_______ _ $25,554,800 $12,420,800 $7,500,000 $24,477,600 $18,892,200 $9,182,800 $14,462,100 LT Lands and damages_ -________________-- _ 12,145,200 2,179,200 ------------------ 1,822,400 2,607,800 1,017,200 1,837,900 - - - *Total2_ _...... ....... .....__ . $37,700,000 $14,600,000 $7,500,000 $26,300,000 $21,500,000 $10,200,000 $16,300,000 o/ 1113,700 acre-feet of power release to be used for conservation purposes. 2 Includes undetermined amount of local contribution for conservation storage. z Local flood protection works Distance Estimated cost Location Stream above Type structure mouth Lands and (miles) Construction damages Total Lampasas ________________________________ ... Sulphur Creek ...----------- 13.3-15.7_ ---- Channel-rectification ----------------- $1,020,000 ---------------- 1$1,020,000 Burleson County------------------- Brazos River__------------- 250-290-------...... Levee ----------------------------- 3,090,000 ---------------- 23,090,000 1Includes $30,000 non-Federal costs. 2 Includes $230,000 non-Federal costs. c1 FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 783 15. WACO RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in McLennan County, Tex., on the Bosque River, 4.7 river miles above its confluence with Brazos River at the city of Waco, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control in the Brazos River Basin, provides for the construction of a concrete and earth dam ap- proximately 20,550 feet in length including a gravity-type concrete nonoverflow section 678 feet long, and a 922-foot-long concrete ogee-type spillway. The dam has a maximum height of 135 feet above the streambed. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 488,000 acre-feet for flood control, 104,100 acre-feet for conservation purposes, and a sedimentation reserve of 65,900 acre-feet or a total of 658,000 acre-feet. The project which con- trols 1,670 square miles affords substantial flood protection to the city of Waco, Tex., and the lower Brazos River Valley, and provides for other beneficial water uses. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $25,554,800 for construction and $12,145,200 for lands and damages, a total of $37,700,000, including an undetermined amount of local contribution. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 535, 81st Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests shall permit the Federal Government to breach the existing dam and to utilize, without cost, any of the reservoir lands now controlled by the city of Waco, needed for the construction and operation of the project in exchange for conservation storage equal to that existing in Lake Waco at that time. The city of Waco, in testimony before the Committee on Public Works during hearings on the Flood Control Act of 1954, has agreed to permit inundation of its present Lake Waco in return for an equivalent amount of storage in the new reservoir, and stated its desire to purchase additional conservation storage. The Brazos River Authority, in testimony before the same committee, has stated that it is willing and anxious to purchase all conservation storage in the new reservoir over and above the needs of the city of Waco. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of initiation of engineering and design by hired labor. Total cost during the fiscal year was $79,568 for new work, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 0.2 percent complete. Engineering and design was 5 percent complete. Total cost under the existing project, all for new work from regular funds, was $79,568. 784 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------........... $100,000 $100,000 Appropriated----------........-----.....--.......--.....------------........------------....... Cost------------------------------- 79,568 .......--------------------..... 79,568 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ $15, 733 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ - 200, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year - _________-------- ending June 30, 1957 ___-- 215, 733 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 37, 400, 000 16. PROCTOR RESERVOIR, LEON RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located at river mile 238.9 on the Leon River, a tributary of the Brazos River, about 8 miles northeast of Comanche in Comanche County, Texas. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control in the Brazos River Basin, provides for the construction of a concrete and earth dam ap- proximately 12,851 feet in length, including a concrete gravity- type nonoverflow section 172 feet long and a gate-controlled ogee- type spillway 726 feet in length. The dam has a maximum height of 84 feet above the streambed. The reservoir, which controls a drainage area of 1,225 square miles, provides a storage capacity of 256,600 acre-feet for flood control, 31,400 acre-feet for conservation purposes, and a sedimentation reserve of 32,700 acre-feet, a total of 320,700 acre-feet. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $12,420,800 for construction and $2,179,200 for lands and damages, a total of $14,600,000, including an undetermined amount of local contribu- tion. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc 535, 81st Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests contribute toward the cost of the project for conservation storage. The Brazos River Authority, a duly authorized State agency, has offered to assume the re- sponsibility of disposing of conservation storage space provided in the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. No funds were available during the fiscal year for use on this project. Condition at end of fiscal year. As of June 30, 1956, no funds have been allotted for initiation of the project. FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 785 Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 $75, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_____ _ __ _7---------------- 75, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- _-------------------- - 14, 525, 000 17. BELTON RESERVOIR, LEON RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Leon River about 16.7 miles above the confluence of the Leon and Lampasas Rivers, and about 3 miles north of Belton, Bell County, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey base map, scale 1: 500,000 and U. S. Geological Survey, Belton Sheet, scale 1: 62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a 1,300- foot spillway, 3,806 feet of earthen embankment, and 418 feet of dike. The top of the dam is about 192 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir has a controlled storage capacity of 1,097,600 acre- feet, including 887,000 acre-feet of flood-control storage, 84,900 acre-feet of sedimentation reserve, 12,000 acre-feet of conserva- tion storage for Fort Hood, and an additional 113,700 acre-feet of conservation storage. The project, which controls 3,412 square miles of drainage area, will afford substantial flood protection to the Leon River Valley from Belton Dam site to confluence with Lampasas River, Little River Valley from confluence of Leon and Lampasas Rivers (mile 101.7) to the mouth, and Brazos River Valley from Little River (mile 315.8) to the mouth. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $6,630,000 for con- struction and $6,770,000 for lands and damages, a total of $13,400,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $77,000 (1956). The Belton project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1946, approved July 24, 1946, substantially in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers as contained in his report of April 19, 1946 (since published as H. Doc. 88, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Documents and Act Work authorized reports Flood Control Act of July $15,500,000 for construction of the project for flood con- H. Doc. 88, 81st 24, 1946. trol and water conservation. Cong., 1st sess. Flood Control Act of Sept. Allocation of 12,000 acre-feet of conservation storage, 3, 1954. without reimbursement, as a permanent source of water supply for Fort Hood and adjacent military installations. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Negotiations with the Brazos River Authority are underway for the disposal of the remaining conservation storage in the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of land acquisition by hired labor, completion of relocations and construction of project 786 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 buildings by contract, construction of recreation facilities by hired labor, and initiation of construction of overlook facilities by contract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1955, to June 30, 1956. Total costs during the fiscal year were $384,014 for new work and $52,312 for maintenance, a total of $436,326, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during June 1949, and the project was ready for bene- ficial use in March 1954. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 94 percent complete. Land acquisition was 81 percent com- plete, relocations were completed, and construction was 99 percent complete. Work remaining to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition and completion of construction of overlook facilities. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $12,540,708 for new work and $131,254 for maintenance, a total of $12,671,962, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---.-.-. $4,000,000 $2,488,000 $901, 900 $1,248,400 -$896,000 $12,644,000 Cost---------------. 1,913,971 4,419,342 2,911,184 229,590 384,014 12,540,708 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-----.--.. ----.-....... 30,000 50,100 53,000 133,100 Cost -- -- _______-- - -- -- -- - 23,796 55,146 52,312 131,254 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $64, 001 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ _________ 64,001 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________________________ 756, 000 18. SAN ANGELO RESERVOIR, NORTH CONCHO RIVER, TEX. Location. This improvement is located on the North Concho River, a tributary of the Concho River, about 6.6 miles above the mouth of the North Concho River near the city of San Angelo, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey base map, Texas, scale 1: 500,- 000, and sheet Wall, scale 1: 62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of the San Angelo Reservoir on the North Concho River upstream from San Angelo for the control of floods and the conservation of water. The dam consists of an earthfill embankment 37,325 feet long, and an uncontrolled concrete spillway 1,150 feet long with earth dikes on each side totaling 2,410 feet in length. The maximum height of the dam is 128 feet above the valley floor. The reservoir has a total capacity of 391,500 acre-feet, of which 33,900 acre- feet is allocated to sedimentation reserve, 80,400 acre-feet to con- servation storage, and 277,200 acre-feet to flood-control storage. FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 787 The reservoir which controls a drainage area of 1,511 square miles, provides substantial flood protection to the flood plains of the Concho and lower Colorado Rivers and to the city of San Angelo. The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $10,275,500 for con- struction and $4,534,500 for lands and damages, a total of $14,810,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $62,000 (1956). The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the plan of improvement for flood control on the North Concho River, Tex., as set forth in House Document 315, 76th Congress, 1st session, and authorized $2 million for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized completion of this project. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies to the San Angelo Reservoir. A water conservation contract with the Upper Colorado River Authority for conservation storage in the reservoir was approved by the Secretary of the Army on October 11, 1948, at an estimated first cost of $755,000. To date, the Upper Colorado River Author- ity has made principal payments of $299,813. The amount of $64,324 contribution for operation and maintenance over a period of 50 years has been paid in full. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of investigations in con- nection with foundation seepage. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1955, to June 30, 1956. Total cost during the fiscal year was $52,295, all from regular funds, of which -$1,223 was for new work and $53,518 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 99 percent complete. Construction of the project was started dur- ing May 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in February, 1952. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of acquisition of land in the area affected by foundation seepage. Total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1956, all from regular funds, was $14,865,310 of which $14,665,847 was for new work and $199,463 for maintenance. 788 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $1,200,000 -$28,000 -$115,700 . ,..- -... $14,701,400 Cost ............... 887,949 210,772 104,888 $11,038 -$1,223 14,665,847 Maintenance: Appropriated-.-.---- 28,700 24,950 41,658 51,900 53,000 200,208 Cost_-... -........ 25,440 21,893 45,921 52,691 53,518 199,463 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__________ $35, 511 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_____ 35, 511 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________________________ 108, 600 19. HORDS CREEK RESERVOIR, PECAN BAYOU, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on Hords Creek, a tribu- tary of Pecan Bayou, about 13.5 miles west of Coleman, Tex., and about 27.8 miles upstream from the mouth of Hords Creek. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets, Grosvenor and Zephyr, scale 1: 62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a com- pacted earthfill dam approximately 6,300 feet in length with a maximum height of 91 feet and a crown of 24 feet; semiauto- matically controlled outlet works and an uncontrolled channel spillway 500 feet long; and water supply appurtenances consisting of an approach channel, intake structure and a 24-inch waterline through the dam. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 25,310 acre-feet, of which 2,860 acre-feet is allocated to dead storage, 5,780 acre-feet to conservation storage, and 16,670 acre-feet to flood-control storage: The project is part of the plan of improvement on Pecan Bayou for flood control and allied purposes. The project controls 48 square miles, and affords substantial flood protection to the city of Coleman, Tex., and to agricultural lands in the Hords Creek Valley, and provides municipal water supply for the city of Coleman. The cost of the project was $2,029,734 for construction and $250,012 for lands and damages, a total of $2,279,746, including $105,078.69 contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $47,000. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the plan of improvement for flood control and allied purposes on Pecan Bayou and tributaries set forth in House Document 370, 76th Congress, 1st session, and authorized $1,400,000 for initia- tion and partial accomplishment of the plan of improvement. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized completion of the plan. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. FLOOD CONTROL---FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 789 Operationsand results during fiscal year. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1955, to June 30, 1956. Total cost during the fiscal year was $29,777 for maintenance, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during February 1947, and completed in fiscal year 1953. The total costs to June 30, 1956, for regular funds were $2,174,- 667 for new work and $183,410 for maintenance, a total of $2,358,077. The total costs to June 30, 1956, for contributed funds were $105,079 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.------------- - $9,857 ---------------------------------- $2,174,667 Cost. _ ------------ $26,890 16,746 - 2,174, 667 Maintenance: Appropriated..-------- 23,100 22,500 $30,000 $33,100 $30,000 184,160 Cost----------------- 22,430 22,201 30,815 32,735 29,777 183,410 Note. In addition, $105,079 was expended from contributed funds. 20. CANYON RESERVOIR, GUADALUPE RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Comal County, Tex., on the Guadalupe River, 303 miles above its mouth, and about 12 miles northwest of New Braunfels, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam 5,720 feet long, consisting of a main dam 4,410 feet long, an uncontrolled combination ogee- broadcrested-type spillway 1,100 feet long, and dikes totaling 210 feet. Maximum height of dam is 224 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir will have a total storage capacity of 740,900 acre- feet, including 374,500 acre-feet for flood control and sedimenta- tion reserve, and 366,400 acre-feet for conservation storage. The dam will control 1,425 square miles of drainage basin. The cost of the project (1956) is $12,623,800 for construction and $2,776,200 for lands and damages, a total of $15,400,000 in- cluding $1,400,000 cash contribution by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 247, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), subject to the following provision: That whenever any power project, not under Federal license, is benefited by the Canyon Reservoir project, the Federal Power Commission after notice to the owner or owners of such unlicensed project and after opportunity for hearing, shall determine and fix a reasonable and equitable annual charge to be paid to the United States, on account of such benefits by said owner or owners or other recipients of such benefits. The project was modified by the Flood Control Act of 1954, ap- proved September 3, 1954 (P L 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) to pro- vide for a local contribution during construction, and to permit construction of hydroelectric power facilities at non-Federal expense. 790 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests (Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority) contribute the amount of $1,400,000 during construction, and pay the remainder of the costs allocable to local interests, with inter- est thereon at the rate of 21/2 per centum per annum, over a period not to exceed 50 years, for which they will be permitted to utilize the water impounded for water conservation and stream- flow regulation for development of electric power. The formal contract providing for the purchase of conservation storage space in the project was forwarded to the Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority on June 22, 1956, for final execution. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design were continued by hired labor. Total cost during the fiscal year was $67,059 from regular funds, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 4 percent complete. Engineering and design was 47 percent complete. Construction had not been started. The total cost to June 30, 1956, was $627,544 from regular funds, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ----- -$872 $3,000 -.... . $1,800 $400,000 $960,628 Cost.....----------------- 5,121 1,762 $1,238 1,656 67,059 627,544 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----- $319, 465 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _- _ 1, 600, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-- ---- 1, 919,465 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - 11, 439, 372 21. GUADALUPE AND SAN ANTONIO RIVERS, TEX. Location. These improvements are located as follows: Gon- zales Reservoir on the lower San Marcos River, a tributary of the Guadalupe River; channel improvement of San Antonio River and tributaries at San Antonio, Tex.; and Kenedy Channel improve- ment at Kenedy, Tex., on Escondido Creek, a tributary of the San Antonio River. Existing project. The Flood Control Act, approved September 3, 1954, adopted the plan of improvement on the Guadalupe and San Antonio Rivers as outlined in House Document 344, 83d Con- gress, 2d session, at an estimated Federal cost of $30,254,000. The plan provides for the construction of Gonzales Reservoir on the San Marcos River for flood control and water conservation, FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 791 and local flood protection for the cities of San Antonio and Kenedy, Tex. The existing project maps are contained in the project docu- ment. As itemized in the tables below, the estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $45,843,000, including $5,780,000 of local contribution for conservation storage in the Gonzales project, and $9,561,000 non-Federal cost on local flood-protection projects. The flood-control works included in the plan of improvement are listed below: Dams and reservoirs Gonzales Stream........----------------------------------------------------------.. .... San Marcos. Nearest city..... Gonzales. ..------------------------------------------------------ Drainage area square miles_____ - ___ .............................. 1,344. Distance above mouth (miles) .- ___---------------------------------- 5.4. Height (feet) .... 102. height (feet)- -------------------------------------------------------- 102. Type ------------------------------------------------------------ Concrete and earth. Flood control storage capacity (acre-feet) --------------------------------- 413,200. Conservation storage capacity (acre-feet)_ ----------- ---------------------- 100,800. Sedimentation reserve capacity (acre-feet) _--- -------------------------- 25,000. Capacity, total (acre-feet) ...............-------------------------------------------- 539,000. Estimated cost: Construction .....---------------------------------------------------------- $15,593,000 Lands and damages------------------------------------------------------- 5,787,000 Total ........................------------------------------------------------------------- 1 $21,380,000 1 Includes $5,780,000 from contributed funds. Local flood-protection works Distance above Type Construc- Lands and Location Stream mouth structure tion damages Total (miles) San Antonio_ SanAntonioRiver 221.8- Channel rectifi- $14,891,400 $9,333,601 1$24,225,000 and tributaries. 237.3 cation. Kenedy-_.. Escondido Creek._ 6.8-8.9 Channel rectifi- 233,100 4,900 2 238,000 cation. 1 Includes $9,525,000 non-Federal costs. 2 Includes $36,000 non-Federal costs. 22. SAN ANTONIO CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT, TEX. Location. The floodway is located in the city of San Antonio, Bexar County, Tex., on the San Antonio River and San Pedro, Apache, Alazan, and Martinez Creeks. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for clear- ing, widening, deepening, and straightening approximately 31.0 miles of the river and creek channels to carry the standard project flood discharges, and construction and alteration of railroad bridges. The estimated Federal cost of these modifications (1956) is $14,700,000 and the estimated cost to local interests is $9,525,000, which includes $400,000 cash contribution and $9,125,- 000 for lands and damages and construction, a total of $24,225,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 344, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. 792 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. In accordance with the recommendation contained in the project document, construction of the project is authorized subject to the condition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project, including the purchase and removal of buildings, the relocation or reconstruction of bridges exclusive of railway bridges, the reloca- tion or reconstruction of channel dams where applicable, and the relocation or reconstruction of utility lines; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (c) maintain and operate all of the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (d) provide a cash contribution for enhancement bene- fits of 2.65 percent of actual Federal construction cost. The San Antonio River Authority, a duly authorized State agency, has indicated its willingness to comply promptly with the requirements of local cooperation. The authority is currently en- gaged in purchasing the rights-of-way for this project. Bexar County, in which the project is located, has passed a law levying a flood-control tax to finance a portion of its requirements, and the remainder of the estimated costs of local cooperation will be met by a bond issue. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of initiation of engineering and design by hired labor. Total cost during the fiscal year was $97,440 for new work, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 1 per- cent complete. Engineering and design was 12 percent complete. Total cost under the existing project, all for new work from regular funds, was $97,440. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...----------------------- ------------ ............ ------------ $115,000 $115,000 Cost--------------............---------------------------....................------------- ............ 97,440 97,440 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ -_ $17, 494 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -_ _ 800, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____________________________ 817, 494 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _-- ___- 13,785, 000 FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH TEX., DISTRICT 793 23. KENEDY, ESCONDIDO CREEK, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in the city of Kenedy, Karnes County, Tex., on Escondido Creek, a tributary of the San Antonio River. Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of en- larging the existing channel a total distance of 9,715 feet from mile 6.8 to mile 7.8 and from mile 8.0 to mile 8.9 to provide a dis- charge capacity of 28,000 c.f.s, excavation of a cutoff 1,320 feet long between miles 7.8 and 8.0 to the same bottom width, side slopes, and grade as the enlarged channel, and alteration of the Southern Pacific Railway bridge at mile 8.1. The estimated Federal cost of this modification (1956) is $202,000. The estimated cost to local interests is $36,000, includ- ing $4,900 for lands and damages and $31,100 for alteration of county road bridge. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 344, 83d Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local Cooperation. In addition, the project is authorized sub- ject to the condition that local interests furnish assurances satis- factory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide with- out cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of- way necessary for the construction of the project, including the purchase and removal of buildings, the relocation of reconstructed bridges exclusive of railway bridges, and the relocation of utility lines. Operations and results during the fiscal year. No funds were available during the fiscal year for use on this project. Condition at end of fiscal year. As of June 30, 1956, no funds have been allotted for initiation of the project. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $36, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _-- --- --- -- 36,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- 166, 000 24. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Belton Reservoir, Leon River, Tex. (Modi- fication) --- ------------------------------------------------ $7,500,000 2. Burleson County Levee, Brazos River, Tex.--------.......---- -------------- ------------- 3,090,000 3. Eastland, Leon River, Tex.2--------------- 1948 ..............-------------- ------------- 234,000 4. Ferguson Reservoir, Navasota River, Tex._ '- _------ _-------------- -------------- 16,300,000 5. Gonzales Reservoir, San Marcos River, Tex.'--------------------- ..--------------.21,380,000 6. Lake Brownwood Reservoir, Pecan Bayou, Tex........ .. ......-------------------------------- 1952 $190,445 -------------- 15,009,555 7. Lampasas Channel, Sulphur Creek, Tex....................----------.....------------- -------------- 1,020,000 8. Lampasas Reservoir, Lampasas River, Tex...----------------------------...........------- 26,300,000 9. Laneport Reservoir, San Gabriel River, Tex.___----------__ __----------- -------------- 21,500,000 10. Somerville Reservoir, Yegua Creek, Tex.'---_ ---------------------------------- 10,200,000 1Authorized by Flood Control Act approved Sept. 3, 1954. Awaiting appropriation of funds. 2Inactive. Latest cost estimate revision 1956. SInactive. Latest cost estimate revision 1954. 794 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 25. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Inspection of completed local flood-protection projects is made periodically in compliance with Section 208.10 of Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, which contains regulations for the operation and maintenance of local flood-protection works approved by the Secretary of the Army in accordance with authority contained in Section 3 of the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Floodways and levees of the Dallas Floodway, Fort Worth Floodway, and Pleasanton Floodway, as well as 20 levee districts, have been inspected during the fiscal year. The cost of work under this heading during fiscal year 1956 was $2,508. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated --------.... $3,900 $2,500 $2,300 $2,500 $2,500 $16,700 Cost.-------- __.--- 6,521 2,356 2,323 2,613 2,508 16,700 26. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (sec. 205 of the Flood Control Act) 1950. Pursuant to this authorization, allotments totalling $261,574 have been made in fiscal years 1951-1956 inclusive, covering 4 projects, namely: flood protection along the Atascosa River at Pleasanton, Tex.; flood protection along San Diego Creek at Alice, Tex.; flood protection along Paesta Creek at Beeville, Tex.; and flood protection on Blieders Creek at New Braunfels, Tex. San Diego Creek: The project is located at Alice, Jim Wells County, Tex., on San Diego Creek. The city of Alice is approxi- mately 40 miles west of Corpus Christi, Tex., and 120 miles south of San Antonio, Tex. The completed project provides channel enlargement along San Diego Creek for a distance of 17,251 feet, a levee 18,019 feet long, and 1 section of steel-sheet-pile wall with concrete cap totaling 227 feet in length, both located along the right bank of San Diego Creek and generally parallel to the im- proved channel. The cost of construction was $138,465, including $3,290 contributed by local interests. The estimated cost to local interests includes $28,120 for lands and damages and a cash contribution of $3,290, a total of $31,410. The total cost during the fiscal year was $13,484 from regular funds and -$1,692 from contributed funds, a total of $11,792. The total cost under the project to June 30, 1956, was $135,175 from regular funds and $3,290 from contributed funds, a total of $138,465, all for new work. Blieders Creek: A preliminary field reconnaissance was com- pleted during fiscal year 1956 in connection with possible flood protection at New Braunfels, Tex., from which preparation of a survey report has been authorized. Total cost during the fiscal GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-FORT WORTH TEX., DIST. 795 year and total cost under the project to June 30, 1956, was $437, all for new work from regular funds. Emergency flood-control activities-Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation). The cost of work performed during the fiscal year amounted to $24,026. Operations consisted of flood fighting on the Trinity, Brazos, and Colorado Rivers. Cost and financial summary SMALL FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 19561 New work: $38,100 Appropriated-------........ ...... .....------------ $147,651 $161 -$18,038 $261,574 Cost---------------- $10,411 108,246 18,845 105,910 6,313 261,574 1 Appropriations and costs on Tranquitas Creek transferred to Galveston District during fiscal year 1956, deleted from this column. SMALL FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---... .....------------ ------------------------ $6,000 -- 1 $6,000 Cost---------------------------------------- ---------- 4,982 $1,018 16,000 1 Of the above amount, $2,710 was returned to local interests. FLOOD-CONTROL EMERGENCIES Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: .... Appropriated------ $48, 920 $9, 542 $197,200 -$58,499 -$7,852 $541,956 Cost----------------- 15,970 31,080 63,810 55,338 24,026 540,909 27. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of work performed on authorized reports during the fiscal year amounted to $25,157. The uncosted balance of $2,247 at the end of the fiscal year, plus an allotment of $30,000, will be applied to continuation of studies on Richland, Chambers, and Cedar Creeks, and on Devil's River and tributaries. 28. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The cost of work on research and development during the fiscal year amounted to $3,599. Work performed consisted of stream gaging, collecting rain-gage data, storm studies, sedimentation studies, hydrologic studies, and flood investigations. The uncosted balance of $202 at the end of the fiscal year, plus an allotment of $18,000, can be profitably expended for work un- der this category during the fiscal year 1957, FLOOD-CONTROL IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT The district comprises the watershed of the Canadian River and tributaries entering the river west of the Texas-New Mexico State line; the watershed of the Arkansas River and tributaries enter- ing the river west of and including Walnut Creek, Kans., the watershed of the Rio Grande and tributaries entering the river west of and including the Pecos River and its tributaries; and the watershed of the Mimbres River and its tributaries in New Mexico. IMPROVEMENTS Flood Control Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Colorado Springs, Fountaine 2. John Martin Reservoir, Ar- - Que Bouille River, Colo_.- 797 9. Two Rivers Reservoir, Rio Hondo, near Roswell, N. Mex- .810 kansas River, Colo. (form- 10. Artesia diversion channel, erly Caddoa Reservoir)__ _. 798 Eagle Creek, N. Mex .. 812 3. Conchas Reservoir, Canadian 11. Other authorized flood-control River, near Tucumcari, N. projects__. 814 Mex 799 12. Inspection of completed flood- 4. Chamita Reservoir Project, control works- 814 Rio Chama, N. Mex ...... 801 13. Scheduling of flood-control res- 5. Jemez Canyon Dam and Res- ervoir operations- 814 ervoir, Jemez Creek, N. 14. Flood-control work under spe- Mex 803 cial authorization .... ...... 815 6. Rio Grande Floodway, Rio Grande, N. Mex_ 804 7. Albuquerque diversion chan- General Investigations nels, tributaries of Rio S15. Examinations and surveys .- _ 817 Grande, N. Mex _____.... 806 16. Research and development -_ 817 8. Los Esteros Reservoir and modification of Alamogordo Dam, Pecos River, Near Santa Rosa, N. Mex __ 808 1. COLORADO SPRINGS, FOUNTAINE QUE BOUILLE RIVER, COLO. Location. This project which is located in north Colorado Springs, El Paso County, Colo., provides for the control of floods on an intermittent flowing tributary of Monument Creek, a trib- utary of the Fountaine que Bouille River, which is a tributary of the Arkansas River. The project is located approximately 55 miles upstream from the mouth of the Fountaine que Bouille River or about 1,333 miles from the mouth of the Arkansas River. (See U. S. Geological Survey Map, Colorado Springs and Pueblo quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a flood- way channel 10,590 feet long which discharges flows from the mouth of Templeton Gap directly into Monument Creek. The upstream 8,717 feet of floodway has a depth of 13 feet, a bottom width of 125 feet, and side slopes of 1: 2 with a riprap-lined levee forming the south side. The remaining 1,873 feet has a depth of 15 feet, a bottom width of 12 feet, side slopes of 1: 1.5, and is lined with reinforced concrete. The completed Federal cost of the project is $804,008 for construction, and the estimated cost to 797 798 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 local interests is $285,300, which includes $242,000 contributed funds and $43,300 for lands and damages, a total of $1,089,308 (July, 1951). Local cooperation. The city of Colorado Springs contributed $242,000 toward the cost of construction. In addition section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, applied. All requirements for local cooperation were fully met. Operations and results during fiscal year. The sum of $3,000 was allotted in June 1956 for surveys and studies which will be initiated by hired labor in July of the next fiscal year to determine whether certain damaged portions of the floodway should be modi- fied and the estimated cost of such revisions, if any. There were no costs during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed October 18, 1949. Total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $804,008. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated........ -$84,891.95 ----.............. $3,000 1$807,008.05 Cost......---------------- 1,351.42....----------------------------------------- 1804,008.05 1 Does not include $242,000 contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------_ $3, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------------------------____ ___ 3,000 2. JOHN MARTIN RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER, COLO. (FORMERLY CADDOA RESERVOIR) Location. John Martin Reservoir is located on the Arkansas River 1,159 miles upstream from its mouth, 300 miles downstream from its source, and in Bent County, about 18 miles upstream from the city of Lamar, Colo. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Lamar and Las Animas (Colo.) quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The existing project consists of a dam and reservoir for flood control and water conservation in Colorado and Kansas. The dam is a concrete and earthfill structure with a maximum height of 130 feet above the streambed, and with an overflow gated spillway 1,174 feet long. The earth section ex- tending to the abutments flanks the concrete gravity section in the valley, and earth dikes on each abutment in continuation of the earth section extend to high ground, making the overall length of the structure approximately 2.6 miles. The reservoir, which controls 18,915 square miles, is one unit of a comprehensive reser- voir plan for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin, has a storage capacity of 279,200 acre-feet for flood control, and 383,700 acre-feet for conservation, a total of 662,900 acre-feet. FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 799 The completed cost was $11,591,400 for construction, $3,546,500 for lands and damages, a total of $15,137,900 (1955). The cur- rent estimated annual cost of maintenance and operation is $88,000 (1956). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, under the title "Caddoa Reservoir, near Lamar in Colorado." (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The War Department Civil Appropriation Act approved June 24, 1940, provided that from and after the approval of that act, the Caddoa Reservoir project for flood control and water conservation in Colorado and Kansas should be known and designated on the public records as the John Martin Reservoir project. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation of the reservoir was continued. The structures were maintained in a serviceable condition. Regulation of the conservation storage in the reservoir was con- tinued under the rules and regulations of the Arkansas River Compact. The maximum pool elevation was 3835.26 on July 1, 1955. Total releases for the fiscal year were 318,450 acre-feet, all of which were for irrigation. Irrigation releases ended October 31, 1955, and resumed April 2, 1956. The reservoir was empty from April 30, 1956, through June 30, 1956, during which time all river flow was passed through the reservoir. The costs during the fiscal year were $110,520 for maintenance. Condition at the end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete. The completed dam and appurtenances have been in operation about 71/2 years. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year under the existing project were $15,077,922 for new work, $1,078,905 for mainte- nance. In addition, costs from emergency relief funds for new work have been $59,977.15. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_---------- $67,900 __ _---------------- 1$15,077,922 Cost_ __------ - - - $3, 459 $2,351 5,855 $61,755------------ 115,077,922 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 99,000 135,700 90,766 85,258 $119,035 1,096,559 -- Cost_- _____- . - 106,869 92,860 96,253 115,556 110,520 1,078,905 1 In addition $59,977 were expended from emergency relief funds for new work. 3. CONCHAS RESERVOIR, CANADIAN RIVER, NEAR TUCUMCARI, N. MEX. Location. The dam is located in San Miguel County, N. Mex., on the Canadian River approximately one-fourth mile downstream from the confluence of the Canadian and Conchas Rivers. It is 800 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 approximately 30 miles northwest of Tucumcari, N. Mex., and 743 miles upstream from the mouth of the Canadian River. The Canadian River has a total length of approximately 906 miles, rises in the northeastern part of New Mexico, and flows south and east to the Arkansas River in the vicinity of Webbers Falls, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map of New Mexico, scale 1: 500,000, and U. S. Geological Survey topographic map, Tucum- cari quadrangle, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The existing project consists of a flood- control dam and reservoir which is also used for irrigation and water supply purposes. The dam consists of a concrete gravity main section with a maximum height of 200 feet above the stream- bed and 1,250 feet long located in the Canadian River Canyon, together with earth dikes on each side having an overall length of about 3.7 miles. The main section contains conduits located in its base for releasing water to maintain low flows and for drain- age of the reservoir, and an overflow spillway 300 feet in length. The earth dikes are of varying heights up to 100 feet and the north dike contains a concrete ogee-type emergency spillway 3,000 feet long. The project involved about 836,000 cubic yards of concrete, 3,600,000 cubic yards of fill, and 1,300,000 cubic yards of excavation. The reservoir has a gross storage capacity of 566,200 acre-feet, consisting of 279,300 acre-feet for water conservation and irrigation, 196,100 acre-feet for flood control, and 90,800 acre- feet dead storage. The dam controls 7,409 square miles of drain- age area. The Federal cost was $15,488,908.56, including $2,279,- 325.70, the cost of initiating construction of the project under authority of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. The estimated annual cost of maintenance and operation is $86,000 (1956). The project is based on the report of the Canadian River, N. Mex., Tex., and Okla., dated June 1, 1931, made in compliance with House Document 308, 69th Congress, 1st session, and approved by the President, July 29, 1935, under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, and adopted by Congress in the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation of the reservoir was continued. The structures were maintained in a serviceable condition. The reservoir reached a maximum elevation of 4,190.37 on August 25, 1955, and a minimum elevation of 4,179.53 on June 30, 1956. Irrigation releases ended November 25, 1955, and resumed February 25, 1956. Total releases for the fiscal year were 110,810 acre-feet, of which 99,448 acre-feet were for irrigation, 33 acre-feet for power production, 438 acre-feet conduit releases and 10,891 acre-feet miscellaneous losses. 2,524 acre-feet were released to Bell Ranch for irrigation and 96,924 acre-feet to the canal of the Tucumcari irrigation project, under development by the United States Bureau of Reclamation. The costs for the year were $140,530 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 801 essentially complete in 1940. The reservoir and appurtenances were in good condition and in operation at the end of the fiscal year. Irrigation of some lands under the project was begun in November 1945. The costs to the end of the fiscal year from regular funds were $12,339,605 for new work, and $1,320,371 for maintenance. The cost to the end of the fiscal year from emergency relief funds were $869,977.75 for new work. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year for all funds from departmental appropriations were $13,209,583 for new work and $1,320,371 for maintenance. In addition, the costs for work accomplished in initiating the project under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 were $2,279,325.70. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------------------------------------------------------- 1$13,209,583 Cost--------------- $4,456 ------------------------------------------ 113,209,583 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ 87,695 $86,000 $91,100 $61,342 $141,325 1,324,441 Cost_.-----------. -- 97,369 47,348 85,640 110,544 140,530 1,320,371 1 Includes $3, 492,696 maintenance and improvement funds and $869,978 emergency relief funds, but does not include $2,279, 326, the cost of initiating the project under authority of the Emergency Relief Appropria- tion Act of 1935. 4. CHAMITA RESERVOIR PROJECT, RIO CHAMA, N. MEX. Location. The Chamita Reservoir project is one unit of the flood-control phase of the comprehensive plan for the Rio Grande and tributaries, New Mexico. The authorized project provided for the construction of only 1 dam, a high dam, to be located at river mile 5 in Rio Arriba County about 6 miles northwest of Espanola, N. Mex. ; however, on the basis of further studies and investigations, a substitute plan has been developed which is composed of a combination of 2 dams, 1 of which is a low dam at the authorized Chamita site and the other a high dam at a site near Abiquiu, N. Mex. Both dam sites are located in Rio Arriba County, N. Mex., on Rio Chama, a tributary of the Rio Grande. Low Chamita Dam is approximately 5 miles upstream from the confluence of Rio Chama and Rio Grande, and is about 6 miles northwest of Espanola, N. Mex. Abiquiu Dam site, located near the town of Abiquiu, N. Mex., is about 25 miles upstream from the Chamita dam site. The Abiquiu Dam will control 2,147 square miles and the Chamita Dam 979 square miles downstream from Abiquiu Dam, or a total of 3,126 square miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for plan and profile of Rio Chama, N. Mex., from mouth to mile 103, sheet 1.) The sub- stitute plan is considered to be the most economical and practical plan for protecting the Espanola and Middle Valleys of Rio Grande from sediment and floods originating in the Rio Chama watershed, It will also provide the same degree of protection 802 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 as the authorized plan and will offer several distinct advantages, including a very substantial saving in first cost. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of two dams for flood control and sediment storage as an aid in the prevention of flood damages and river sedimentation in Espanola and Middle Valleys of Rio Grande in New Mexico. Abiquiu Dam is an earthfill dam about 1,540 feet in length, rising 325 feet above streambed, with an outlet works, which pro- vides for controlled and uncontrolled releases of floodwaters. The controlled outlet consists of a 12-foot-diameter conduit with regulating gates, and the uncontrolled outlet consists of a separate 10-foot-diameter tunnel. The inlet to the uncontrolled outlet would be provided with a concrete ogee weir 16 feet high which limits the flood control and sedimentation reserve capacity of the reservoir to 562,000 acre-feet. After completion of Low Chamita Dam, the concrete weir at the inlet to the uncontrolled outlet would be removed which would reduce the flood and sedi- mentation reserve capacity of the reservoir to 449,000 acre-feet and limit the combined capacity of Abiquiu and Low Chamita Dams to 700,000 acre-feet for flood and sedimentation reserve. An uncontrolled spillway with bottom width of 25 feet would be located in a natural saddle about 1 mile north of the left abutment. The reservoir will have a capacity of 1,211,000 acre-feet at spillway crest. The uncontrolled outlet tunnel is provided in order to limit the reservoir storage to the required flood and sedimentation reserve capacities pursuant to the provisions of the authorizing legislation and to satisfy the interests of the State of Texas under the Rio Grande Compact. Low Chamita Dam is an earthfill dam about 5,830 feet in length, rising to a height of 153 feet above streambed, with an offchannel uncontrolled, concrete-lined spillway, and an outlet works comprised of a gate structure, stilling basin, and a flood control conduit 13 feet in diameter. The reservoir will have a storage capacity at spillway crest of 251,000 acre-feet for flood control and sedimentation reserve. The estimated costs are as follows: Abiquiu Dam: $1,606,000 for lands and damages and $13,894,000 for construction, a total of $15,500,000 (1956). Low Chamita Dam: $3,003,400 for lands and damages and $13,096,600 for construction, a total of $16,100,000 (1956). Total project cost (substitute plan-Abiquiu and Low Chamita Dams combined): $4,609,400 for lands and damages and $26,990,600 for construction, a total of $31,600,000 (1956). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 30, 1948, and May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. No. 243, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contain the latest published maps.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design studies for Abiquiu Dam were continued. Necessary planning required prior to initiating construction of Abiquiu Dam was completed. The District was authorized to acquire such lands for Abiquiu Dam as are required for initial construction. FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 803 These lands are to be acquired by condemnation. Condemnation proceedings were filed with the court just prior to the end of fiscal year 1956. Initial construction work was advertised and bids were opened on June 27, 1956; however, a contract was not awarded. The costs during the fiscal year were $287,576 for new work. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Preconstruction plan- ning for Abiquiu Dam is complete. Planning of the entire Abiquiu project is approximately 65 percent complete. Pre- construction planning for Low Chamita Dam is 60 percent com- plete. Construction of Abiquiu Dam will be initiated early in fiscal year 1957. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $914,120. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....-------- $56,100 $55,000 $132,000 $175,000 $525,000 $1,145,100 Cost----__--------_ 109,203 53,646 118,153 196,645 287,576 914,120 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___ $220, 366 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___ -- _________-_____ -1, -______ 500,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _______ _______ ________ 1,720,366 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _______ _ _____ _ 28, 954 5. JEMEZ CANYON DAM AND RESERVOIR, JEMEZ CREEK, N. MEX. Location. The project is located in Sandoval County, N. Mex., on Jemez Creek approximately 2 miles upstream from the con- fluence of Jemez Creek and Rio' Grande, about 5 miles northwest of Bernalillo, N. Mex. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Bernalillo quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a dam and reservoir for flood control and sediment storage. The dam is an earthfill dam rising 136 feet above the streambed with an un- gated saddle spillway. The dam has a length of 780 feet for the earthfill section plus an additional 400 feet for the spillway. The reservoir, which controls 1,034 square miles, is one unit of the flood control phase of a comprehensive plan for Rio Grande and tributaries, New Mexico, will have a capacity for flood control and for sedimentation reserve of 120,000 acre-feet, of which it is estimated that 73,000 acre-feet will be available for the storage of floodwaters at the end of 50 years. The Federal cost was $4,048,727 for construction and $6,900 for lands and damages, a total of $4,055,627 (1955). The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $33,000 (1956), The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts 804 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 approved June 30, 1948, and May 17, 1950. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project was placed in operation in October 1953. A minor flood-control regulation was accomplished on August 11, 1955, due to a flash flow in the Rio Grande on that date. Regulation for sediment control was accomplished a number of times during the following periods: July 12, 1955, to August 29, 1955, and March 19, 1956, to May 8, 1956. The reservoir was empty during the remainder of the year. A maximum elevation of 5146.1 was reached on July 29, 1955. The costs during the fiscal year were $24,859 for maintenance. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated on May 4, 1950, and was completed on May 5, 1954. Total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $4,055,627 for new work and $63,884 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $900,000 $2,044,627 -$139,000 ..--------.-------------$4,055,627 te.a..e Cost--------------- 781,082 1,534,882 563,723 $5,571 ..... 4,055,627 Maintenance: Appropriated........ _ --------. 15,434 ---------- 26,700 $22,300 64,434 Cost----------------------------------- _12,080 26,945 24,859 63,884 6. RIO GRANDE FLOODWAY, RIO GRANDE, N. MEX. Location. The project is located on the Rio Grande in New Mexico. It covers the section of the river commencing near Truth or Consequences (formerly Hot Springs) and going up- stream to the lower end of the Rio Grande Canyon, approximately 14 miles upstream from Espanola. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for flood protection and major drainage improvements by channel rectifica- tion and levee enlargement and construction as a joint under- taking by the Bureau of Reclamation and the Corps of Engineers between river miles 123 and 394 (river mile 0 being at the inter- section of the New Mexico-Texas State line with the international boundary at El Paso). The portion to be accomplished by the Corps of Engineers will consist of levee enlargement and con- struction and bank protection work where necessary to protect levees. Levees constructed by local interests now exist through the reach of the river involved, but are not uniform as to grade, section or standard of construction and in many places are threatened by the meandering river channel. These levees will be modified and supplemented by additional levees where re- quired. The levees as modified or constructed will have a stand- ard section with a crown of 10 feet, 3 on 1 side slopes, and a free- board of 4 feet above maximum water surface. Based on studies performed it is definitely known that the cost FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 805 of the proposed work for the entire floodway, if accomplished to adequate standards, will exceed by several times the estimated cost as contained in the authorized plan. The authorized plan was predicated upon general investigations and local conditions prevailing in the mid-1940's; however, as a result of detailed engineering investigations and designs the plan has been ma- terially altered, taking into account recent local developments, and previously undisclosed foundation and seepage conditions. The character and amount of stabilization works have also been increased based upon further design studies and observation of the river's behavior. Since detailed plans and specifications and engineering and design studies are not sufficiently advanced, except for the Albuquerque unit, to determine the quantities of work involved from which a realistic estimate of cost of the en- tire floodway can be determined, it was decided to initiate con- struction in the Albuquerque unit first with funds appropriated for fiscal year 1953 and 1954 and initiate a review of the entire project with a view to development of a firm plan for the remain- der of the floodway. At the time this decision was made an estimate of $5 million (1954) was established for levee and flood control work in the Albuquerque unit only. Several plans of improvement have been investigated; however, a firm plan has not been adopted. The current estimate of cost of the Albu- querque Unit is $3,344,000 (1956) and includes $20,000 for coordination of work of the Corps of Engineers with the United States Bureau of Reclamation during fiscal years 1956 and 1957. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 30, 1948, and May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. No. 243, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. In addition, local interests must assume responsibility for all highway bridge and public utility relocations or replacements required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction by contract of levees, phase II was completed, and construction by contract of levees and bank stabilization, phase III was initiated early in the fiscal year and completed on June 29, 1956. Neces- sary coordination of the work of the Corps of Engineers on the floodway with that of the United States Bureau of Reclamation was accomplished. The costs during the fiscal year were $2,065,946. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the Albuquerque Unit was completed on June 29, 1956. Design studies and review of the project in other reaches outside of the Albuquerque Unit for the purpose of developing a firm plan for the remainder of the floodway which were suspended prior to June 30, 1954, have not been resumed. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $3,160,521. 806 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ....-. -$15,481 349,000 $300,000 $650,000 $2,000,000 $3,343,519 Cost_-------------- 8,600 140,774 173,064 736,218 2,065,946 3,160;521 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____-__ $182, 986 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_______________ 182,986 _____________-------------- 7. ALBUQUERQUE DIVERSION CHANNELS, TRIBUTARIES OF RIO GRANDE, N. MEX. Location. The Albuquerque Diversion Channels project is located in the area which comprises the watersheds of the ephemeral streams entering a 15-mile reach of the Rio Grande from the east at Albuquerque, N. Mex., and vicinity. The com- bined drainage area of the tributaries is about 260 square miles. The Sandia Range of the Rocky Mountains, a prominent escarp- ment parallel to and about 12 miles east of the Rio Grande, forms the eastern border of the watersheds. The crest of this mountain range rises more than a mile in height above the river to an elevation of 10,692 feet above mean sea level. (See U. S. Geologi- cal Survey map, Albuquerque, N. Mex., quadrangle, 1: 62,500.) Existing project. There is a serious flood problem on the tributaries to the Rio Grande from the east in Bernalillo County, Albuquerque, N. Mex., and vicinity. There are no existing flood control works constructed by the Corps of Engineers on these tributaries. Flash floods originating on the steep slopes of the Sandia Range inundate large areas of the highly developed low- lands area adjacent to the river. As no adequate outlets to the river exist, the ponded waters remain until removed by seepage, evaporation, or by discharge through small irrigation ditches. The Heights area in eastern Albuquerque is a residential and business district. Embudo Arroyo flows through the northern part of the Heights and causes damage to street crossings and property. Campus Wash and several minor tributaries ori- ginating within the Heights also cause damage to streets and urban poperties. The central business district, mainline and division shops of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway, Federal and State highways, commercial, industrial, residential, and suburban property in the lowlands are subject to flood damages. Floods also disrupt traffic on vital transcontinental raillines and highways that traverse the lowlands area, and impounded waters create a serious health problem. The authorized plan of improvement for flood control consists of the north diversion channel and south diversion channel lo- cated on high ground east of and parallel to the valley. The north diversion channel extends from Campus Wash north for about 9 miles and intercepts the discharge from the numerous FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 807 arroyos north of U. S. Highway 66. The south diversion channel begins about one-half mile south of U. S. Highway 66, extends south for about 5 miles to intercept several minor arroyos, and merges with a channel in Tijeras Canyon. " The combined chan- nels discharge into the Rio Grande through an outfall channel. The north and south diversion channels are designed to carry floods equal in magnitude to the standard project flood from all the tributaries except Tijeras Canyon. The dike intercepting Tijeras Canyon is designed to control a flood equal in magnitude to the estimated maximum flood for the period, 1931 to 1952. The estimated Federal cost is $7,663,600 for construction and $276,400 for relocations, a total of $7,940,000 (1956). The estimated non-Federal cost, including cash contribution of $190,000 for construction, is $3,080,000 (1956). Lands and damages costs are the responsibility of local interests. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1954, approved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. No. 464, 83d Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements, local interests are required to make any alterations to existing improvements, other than railroads, which may be required and take steps to prevent further encroachment upon existing defined waterways of the tributaries by zoning or other means, or con- struct adequate waterways, or provide other drainage facilities to prevent the flood problem in the Heights area of Albuquerque from developing into one of serious proportions. Local coopera- tion requirements also include cash contribution to cost of con- struction in lump-sum amounts equivalent to about 1.3 percent of the total first cost of the north diversion channel and about 3.4 percent of the total first cost of the south diversion channel. The total estimated cost to local interests, including cash con- tribution to the cost of construction proportional to the enhance- ment of land values in the protected areas, is $3,080,000 (1956). Local interests have organized the Sandia Conservancy District to cooperate with the Federal Government in the construction of the project, to construct complementary works, and plan and supervise flood plain zoning as required. A master plan has been approved and adopted. Appraisal of property has been initiated by a board of appraisers. The attitude of the property owners in general is favorable. Assurances will be requested in the latter part of fiscal year 1957. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design studies were initiated during the fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $45,641. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. The hydrology design memorandum is approximately 85 percent complete, the general design memorandum is approximately 10 percent complete, and instrumental surveys and foundation investigations have been initiated. All planning is approximately 10 percent complete. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $45,641. 808 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------$60,000 $60,000 Cost ---------------------------------------- ---------- 45,641 45,641 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----- $12,735 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ----------------------------------------------- 170, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957______________ ------------------ 182, 735 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_--------------------- 1 7,900,000 1Including an estimated $190,000 cash contribution tothe costofconstruction. 8. LOS ESTEROS RESERVOIR AND MODIFICATION OF ALAMOGORDO DAM, PECOS RIVER, NEAR SANTA ROSA, N. MEX. Location. Los Esteros Dam is located in Guadalupe County, on the Pecos River, at river mile 766.4, approximately 7 miles north of Santa Rosa, N. Mex. Alamogordo Dam (existing) is located in Guadalupe County on the Pecos River, at river mile 710.8 about 21 miles upstream from Fort Sumner, N. Mex., and about 29 miles southeast of Santa Rosa, N. Mex. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, Corazon, N. Mex., sheet, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The authorized plan of improvement pro- vides for construction of an earthfill dam 1,865 feet long with a maximum height of 218 feet above streambed for flood control, irrigation, possible municipal water supply, and sediment storage. An uncontrolled spillway 630 feet long will be located about 1,000 feet back from the left abutment and will be an unlined open rock cut. The outlet works, composed of a combination pressure tunnel and penstock with two 54-inch diameter balanced, free discharge valves will be located under the left abutment. An earthfill saddle dam 1,420 feet long and 12-foot maximum height will be located 4,000 feet back from the left abutment of the main dam. Storage capacity of the reservoir at spillway crest is 587,000 acre-feet, of which 60,000 acre-feet is allocated to sedi- mentation reserve, 250,000 acre-feet to irrigation and water sup- ply, and 277,000 acre-feet to flood control. Capacity of the reservoir at maximum pool level is 791,000 acre-feet. Area of the reservoir at spillway crest is 11,650 acres and at maximum pool level is 13,775 acres. The dam controls 2,479 square miles of drainage area. The authorized project also includes modification of existing Alamogordo Dam and Reservoir located on Pecos River (river mile 710.8) about 21 miles upstream from Fort Sumner, N. Mex., to exclusive flood control use. Under the terms of the Pecos River compact and with the consent of the Carlsbad Irrigation District, the irrigation storage from Alamogordo Reservoir will FLOOD CONTROL--ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 809 be transferred to Los Esteros Reservoir. The existing dam is an earth and rockfill structure composed of two sections: the main dam and a dike section which extends from the main dam to the left abutment. The main dam is 148 feet in height and there is a 3-foot parapet wall on the crest of the dam. A concrete chute spillway controlled by three tainter gates is located in the right abutment. A small hydroelectric plant, with a capacity of 7.5 kv-a., supplies local power requirements at the dam. The reservoir is about 14 miles long, and has a capacity of about 128,000 acre-feet, considering the most recent estimate of dis- placement by sediment. To effect the change of Alamogordo Reservoir to exclusive flood-control use, the embankment will be raised 10.5 feet and an emergency spillway 500 feet long will be cut through the sandstone and shale ridge on the right abutment. Because the maximum water surface would be higher under the modified condition, the crest of the service spillway will be raised to limit the discharge to the existing capacity of the chute. The tainter gates and piers will be removed. Also the needle valves on the outlet works will be removed. The modified reservoir will have a capacity at service spillway crest of 93,500 acre-feet, and a capacity at maximum pool level of 210,000 acre-feet. Area of reservoir at service spillway crest will be 3,480 acres and at maximum pool level 6,350 acres. The storage capacity of Alamogordo Reservoir is diminishing annually at the rate of about 2,200 acre-feet by sedimentation and if operated under existing conditions will not be capable of supplying the full irrigation demand of the Carlsbad Irrigation District for more than 40 years. With the reservoir operated exclusively for flood control in combination with Los Esteros Dam, an appreciable amount of the sediment from the intervening area will be sluiced through, and therefore it is estimated that deposition of sediment will be reduced to an average of about 460 acre-feet annually. With the reduced rates of sediment deposi- tion and with the proposed modification to the dam and spillway, the Alamogordo Reservoir will be effective for flood control for 100 years. The modification of Alamogordo Dam for flood control will not be undertaken until the construction of the Los Esteros Dam has progressed to a point where storage of irrigation water can begin, since a large part of the storage in Alamogordo Reservoir must be evacuated in order to accomplish the modification of the dam. It will be necessary to have sufficient storage capacity available in Los Esteros Reservoir to effect the transfer of irrigation storage. Further, the control of the river made possible by Los Esteros Reservoir would reduce hazards to con- struction work during modification of Alamogordo Dam. The estimated Federal cost is $6,254,300 for Los Esteros Dam and Reservoir, plus $445,700 for lands and damages, and $1,010,000 for modification of Alamogordo Dam, a total of $7,710,000 (1956). There are no relocations involved. The estimated annual cost of operation and maintenance is $27,900 810 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 (1955), and the Carlsbad Irrigation District will be responsible for additional maintenance costs estimated at $10,000, which is approximately equivalent to the amount they now pay toward the operation and maintenance of Alamogordo Dam. The project is a unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control on Pecos River and tributaries, Tex. and N. Mex., authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954 (sec. 203, Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to first costs, operation and maintenance of both reservoirs will be the responsibility of the Federal Government; however, the Carlsbad Irrigation District will be required to contribute to operation and maintenance costs an annual amount equal to what they now pay toward Alamogordo Dam. The Carlsbad Irrigation District also will be required to agree to the use of Alamogordo Reservoir for flood control pur- poses only, and because they will realize equivalent benefits from storage capacity in Los Esteros Reservoir, they will be required to continue to fulfill their repayment obligation. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design studies were initiated during the fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $44,796. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. The hydrology design memorandum is approximately 13 percent complete. Topograph- ic survey of Los Esteros Reservoir was initiated by contract during the fiscal year and is approximately 90 percent complete. All planning is approximatly 10 percent complete. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $44,796. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated...-----------------------------------------------........... $45,000 $45,000 Cost------- .------------------------------------------------ 44,796 44,796 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _.____ $204 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -- --------------------------------------------------- 50,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------------------- 50,204 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ________-_ 7,615,000 9. TWO RIVERS RESERVOIR, RIO HONDO, NEAR ROSWELL, N. MEX. Location. Two Rivers Reservoir project is located about 12 miles southwest of Roswell, N. Mex., on the Rio Hondo. Rio Hondo is formed at the confluence of Rio Ruidoso and Rio Bonito, near the Village of Hondo, N. Mex., in the foothills region of Sierra Blanca in the southeastern part of Lincoln County, N. Mex., and flows in a general easterly direction to its confluence FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 811 with Pecos River near Roswell, N. Mex. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, Hondo Reservoir quadrangle, scale 1: 24,000.) Existing project. The authorized project consists of two earthfill dams, Diamond "A" Dam on Rio Hondo at about river mile 36 and Rocky Dam on Rocky Arroyo at about river mile 14, which will form the Two Rivers Reservoir. Diamond "A" Dam is 106 feet high and 4,994 feet long and Rocky Dam is 120 feet high and 2,924 feet long. Topography of the site permits the use of 4 natural saddles in limestone on the rim of the reservoir for spillways, which have a total length of 2,375 feet. Three of the spillway saddles are between the dams and one is south of Rocky Dam. Outlet works structures will be provided in each dam with a gated structure at Diamond "A" Dam and an uncontrolled outlet at Rocky Dam. No provision is made for conservation storage or storage for any purpose except flood control. Flood releases from Diamond "A" Dam will be controlled, insofar as possible, so that flows through Roswell will not exceed the channel capacity of Rio Hondo which is 1,000 c. f. s. The capacity of Two Rivers Reservoir at spillway crest is 207,500 acre-feet of which 6,000 acre-feet is provided for sedimentation reserve, but which will be utilized for flood control until filled with sediment. The area at spillway crest is about 5,670 acres and at maximum pool level is 7,130 acres. The dam controls 1,009 square miles of drainage area on Rio Hondo and 75 square miles on Rocky Arroyo, or at total of 1,084 square miles. The estimated Federal cost is $6,280,000 (1956) all of which is for construction. Lands and damages costs are the responsibilty of local interests. There are no relocations involved. The esti- mated annual cost of operation and maintenance is $42,000, of which $13,900 is the estimated cost to local interests and $28,100 is estimated Federal cost. The project is based on the interim report of the Chief of Engineers on Rio Hondo at Roswell, N. Mex., prepared under the authority for a report on Pecos River and tributaries, Tex. and N. Mex., granted by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See H. Doc. No. 436, 83d Cong., 2d sess., which con- tains the latest published maps.) The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954 (PL 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Since this is principally a local protection project, under the provision of the authorizing act no construction is to be started until local interests have furnished to the United States, in fee-simple title, all lands necessary for construction of the project; obtained the necessary rights-of-way for and con- structed an all-weather access road to the project area; and given assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) maintain the access road after completion of the dams; (b) maintain the present channel capacities in Rio Hondo be- tween the dam site and mile 12, estimated at 1,000 c. f. s., and in Rocky Arroyo between the dam site and the mouth, estimated at 900 c. f. s.; and (c) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction, maintenance and operation of 812 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the project, including any effects on underground and surface water supplies in the Rio Hondo Basin and along the Pecos River. The total estimated cost to local interests, not including the cost of annual maintenance, is $127,000, of which amount $52,100 is for construction of access road and $74,900 for lands and rights-of-way. Chaves County and Roswell city officials have given their ap- proval of the project and indicated that they would assume the responsibilities of local cooperation at the proper time. Because of the damaging floods of October 1954, there is strong local support for the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design studies were initiated during the fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $36,440. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. The hydrology design memorandum is approximately 18 percent complete. A topo- graphic survey of the reservoir was initiated and completed by contract during the fiscal year. Foundation and subsurface investigations were initiated by contract. All planning is approximately 13 percent complete. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $36,440. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --- ------------------------------------------ $50,000 $50,000 Cost_-- -..... _36,440 36,440 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ $1, 299 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 00, 000 1------------------------ Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------- 101,299 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------------6, 130, 000 10. ARTESIA DIVERSION CHANNEL, EAGLE CREEK, N. MEX. Location. The Artesia diversion channel project is located on Eagle Creek, a tributary of Pecos River, approximately 4 miles upstream from Artesia, Eddy County, N. Mex. Existing project. The project will control the runoff from ap- proximately 152 square miles of the watershed of Eagle Creek and consists of a diversion levee about 5.7 miles long, with a maximum height of about 10 feet, which will intercept the flood- flows of Eagle Creek and divert them into Tumbleweed Draw, a tributary which enters Pecos River about 4 miles downstream from Artesia. It also involves the construction of a low-water highway crossing about 2,000 feet long on U. S. Highway 285 and a new trestle and grade raise for the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway crossing on Tumbleweed Draw south of Artesia to pro- FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 813 vide for flood flows which will be diverted from Eagle Creek. The estimated Federal cost is $600,000 (1956), all of which is for construction. Lands and damages costs are the responsibility of local interests. No relocations are involved. The estimated annual cost of operation and maintenance is $3,000 (1955), all of which is non-Federal cost for ordinary maintenance of the diversion levee. The project is a unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control on Pecos River and tributaries, Texas and New Mexico, authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954 (sec. 203, Public Law 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements, local interests must assume responsibility for making alterations to existing improvements, other than railroads, which are required because of the construction works. Local interests have given their approval of the project and indicated their willingness to assume the responsibility of local cooperation at the proper time; however, they cannot initiate acquisition of necessary rights-of- way until alinement and limits are definitely established. The total estimated cost to local interests, not including annual maintenance costs, is $180,000 (1956), of which amount $72,000 is for construction of low-water crossing on U. S. Highway 285, and $108,000 is for lands, rights-of-way, and flowage easements. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design studies were initiated during the fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $29,753. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. The hydrology design memorandum is complete and work on the comprehensive design memorandum has been initiated. Field surveys are essentially complete. All planning is approximately 55 percent complete. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $29,753. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------- --------------------- $30,000 $30,000 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------ 29,753 29,753 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __-_-_ $247 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 25, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding.fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- ______ 25, 247 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- 545,000 814 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 11. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual quired to Report Operation complete for- Construction and mainte- nance 1. Pueblo, Arkansas River, Colo__ ____---- _ _ 1954 $201,958 (1) 2. Trinidad, Purgatoire River, Colo .....------------ 1951 53,027.93 (2) 2,046,972 3. Creede, Willow Creek, Colo_ ------------------ 1952 219,788.99 (1) 4. Bluewater Floodway, Bluewater Creek, N. Mex------------------------------_ 1951 (2) 4344,000 5. Pecos, Pecos River, Tex __-------------------- (5) ------------- (2) 2,200,000 1 Completed; maintenance assumed by local interests as required by the authorizing act. 2 A requirement of local cooperation. 3 Pending final action on Purgatoire (Picket Wire) River, Colo., review survey report by the Chief of Engineers contained in House Doc. No. 325, 84th Cong., 2d sess. 4 In addition, local interests are required to contribute the sum of $75,000 toward the cost of construction. 6Authorized by Flood Control Act approved Sept. 3, 1954. 12. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS The cost of all work under this heading during the fiscal year was $1,111. Included under this heading is the inspection of completed flood-control projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. During the fiscal year projects in Colorado and New Mexico were inspected. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $4,768. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated .. -_ _____...... ___ $1,000 $1,800------------ $1,000 $4,800 Cost..-------- -...- $648 277 152 $2,454 1,111 4,768 13. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD-CONTROL RESERVOIR OPERATIONS The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, section 7, Public Law 534, 78th Congress, 2d session, authorized the Secre- tary of War to prescribe regulations for the use of storage al- located for flood control or navigation at all reservoirs constructed wholly or in part with Federal funds provided on the basis of such purposes, and the operation of any such project shall be in accordance with such regulations: Provided, That this section shall not apply to the Tennessee Valley Authority, except that in case of danger from floods on the Lower Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, the Tennessee Valley Authority is directed to regulate the release of water from the Tennessee River into the Ohio River in accordance with such instructions as may be issued by the War Department. Pursuant to this Act, expenditures were made during fiscal years 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, and 1956 for scheduling of flood- control reservoir operations and the preparation of reservoir FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 815 regulation manual for Platoro Dam, located on the Conejos River, near the Town of Platoro, Conejos County, Colo. Platoro Dam was authorized by the Congress in the Interior Appropriation Act of 1941 (Act of June 18, 1940, ch. 395, 54 Stat. 406). (See H. Doc. 693, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) Construction of the project was completed by the Bureau of Reclamation during fiscal year 1952. There was no occasion for flood-control regulation of Platoro Reservoir during the year. Costs during the fiscal year were $539. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $17,276. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- ........ $2,300 $9,000 $4,700 $1,000 $500 $17,500 Cost -------------- 809 1,649 9,388 4,891 539 17,276 14. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATIONS Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). The project for snagging and clearing on Rio San Jose, a tributary of Rio Puerco, at Casa Blanca, N. Mex., authorized in January 1955, was completed. A project was approved for the Santa Clara Indian Pueblo on the Rio Grande near Espanola, N. Mex., but was cancelled when the local interests failed to furnish necessary rights-of-way and assurances of local cooperation. Construction of a project for snagging and clearing on the Arkansas River at Las Animas, Colo., authorized on October 24, 1955, was initiated on April 26, 1956, and is approximately 95 percent complete. A project for snagging and clearing on the Arkansas River at La Junta, Colo., was auhtorized on March 21, 1956. Planning was completed and the project was advertised on June 27, 1956. Construction is scheduled to be completed in fiscal year 1957. Costs during the fiscal year were $53,934. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $199,814. 816 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------...... $54,784 -$1,623 -$17,151 $50,000 $108,616 $300,798 Cost---------------.4,256 3,698 27,069 ...........---------- 53,934 199,814 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___----- $95, 838 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------- 95, 838 Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). During the period May 17-20, 1955, the Arkansas River basin in general was subjected to heavy rains in the lower areas and a heavy snow storm in the mountain areas. The resulting runoff caused the second greatest flood of record on the Purgatoire (Picket Wire) River at Trinidad, Colo., and caused extensive damages to bridges, utilities, and public and private property. The construction of protective works on the Purgatoire (Picket Wire) River at the Animas Street Bridge location in Trinidad, Colo., was authorized soon after this flood. The work was initiated and construction completed by contract during the fiscal year. Costs during the fiscal year were $43,034. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $208,003. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ... ____- $40,904 -$22,886 _$43,034 $208,003 Cost_,-------------- 47,709 23,582-43,034 208,003 Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). There were no costs during the fiscal year. Flood-controlemergencies-repairand flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation.) During the fiscal year planning for the project for channel improvement and repair on Rio Grande at Socorro, N. Mex., was completed. The work was advertised and construction contract was awarded on June 29, 1956. Actual construction had not been started by the end of the fiscal year. A project for channel improvement and repair on Raton Creek, Raton, N. Mex., was authorized on June 5, 1956. Action to secure necessary assurances of local cooperation was initiated just before the end of the fiscal year. Planning was not initiated. GENERAL INVESTIGATION-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DIST. 817 In addition funds were expended during the fiscal year for revision of the flood-emergency manual, for flood-emergency exercises and for emergency flood fighting operations on the Purgatoire and the Arkansas Rivers, in Colorado, and at several locations on the Rio Grande in Texas and New Mexico. Costs during the fiscal year were $37,196. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $375,131, excluding $35,572 stock account. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ $28,208 $86,767 $124,000 -$16,005 $153,060 1$555,662 Cost--.-----------.. 53,209 48,403 1,338 89,569 37,196 1375,131 Does not include $35, 572 Stock Account. 15. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of all work during the fiscal year was $43,127. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, $1,019, and $12,000 to be allotted for fiscal year 1957, amounting to a total of $13,019 will be applied to studies in progress. 16. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Hydrologic studies involving the collection and study of basic data, such as streamflow data, recording rain-gage data, hydro- meteorological studies, fish and wildlife studies, storm studies, sedimentation studies, and hydrologic studies, not assignable to authorized projects or studies were carried on during the year at a cost of $2,601. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT This district comprises the northern and western portions of Arkansas, a portion of southern Missouri, and a small portion of eastern Oklahoma embraced in the drainage basins of the Arkan- sas River and tributaries above and exclusive of Pine Bluff, Ark., and below the mouth of Poteau River, near Fort Smith, Ark., and of the White River and tributaries above Peach Orchard Bluff, Ark. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Arkansas River and tributar- 10. Greers Ferry Reservoir, White ies, Ark. and Okla., navi- River Basin, Ark_ 842 gation features___________ 819 11. North Little Rock, Arkansas 2. Other authorized navigation River, Ark_ 843 projects_ __-_ _- 828 12. Arkansas River Basin, Little Rock District 844 13. Blue Mountain Reservoir, Ar- Flood Control 3. East Poplar Bluff and Poplar kansas River Basin, Ark- 14. Nimrod Reservoir, Arkansas --845 Bluff, Mo ___________ 828 River Basin, Ark_ 846 4. White River Basin, Little Rock 15. Other authorized flood-control District 829 projects 849 5. Beaver Reservoir, White River 16. Inspection of completed flood- Basin, Ark_____ 834 control works_ 849 6. Table Rock Reservoir, White 17. Flood-control work under spe- River Basin, Mo_ 835 cial authorization _ 850 7. Bull Shoals Reservoir, White River Basin, Ark 837 General Investigations 8. Norfork Reservoir, White River Basin, Ark_ 839 18. Examinations and surveys... 850 9. Clearwater Reservoir, White 19. Research and development ._ 850 River Basin, Mo_ 840 1. ARKANSAS RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARK. AND OKLA. NAVIGATION FEATURES Location. The Arkansas River rises in the Rocky Mountains near Leadville, Colo., and flows southeastward for about 1,459 miles through the States of Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas to join the Mississippi River at a point about 575 miles above the Head of Passes, La. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps, scale 1: 500,000.) Previous projects. Previous projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 3, 1832, April 8, 1876, March 3, 1879, June 14, 1880, July 5, 1884, August 5, 1886, August 11, 1888, June 13, 1902, and March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1066, Annual Report for 1932 and pages 744, 864, and 881, Annual Report for 1943. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, approved the multiple-purpose plan recommended in the report of the Chief of Engineers dated September 20, 1945 (H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), and letter of the Chief of Engineers dated March 19, 1946, and limited appropriations thereunder to $55 million for initiation and partial accomplishment of the proj- 819 820 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ect. The Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, increased the authorization for appropriations by $1 million by authorization to construct, as an emergency measure, bank protection and con- trol works at Bradens Bend, Okla., thereby increasing the total authorization to $56 million. The River and Harbor and Flood Control Acts of May 17, 1950, increased the authorization for ap- propriations an additional $80 million or to a total of $136 million and modified the multiple-purpose plan and the general comprehensive plan for flood control by substitution of Keystone Reservoir, located on the Arkansas River 538.8 miles above the mouth, for the approved Mannford Reservoir on the Cimarron River and by deletion of the approved Blackburn and Taft Reser- voirs on the Arkansas River as recommended by the Chief of En- gineers (S. Doc. 107, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Details concerning the Keystone Reservoir are shown under flood control, Tulsa District. The existing project provides for improvement of the Arkansas River and tributaries by construction of coordinated develop- ments to serve navigation, produce hydroelectric power, afford additional flood control, and provide related benefits in connec- tion with other activities such as recreation and wildlife propa- gation. The navigation features provide for a channel 9 feet deep following generally the Verdigris River from Catoosa, Okla., 52 miles downstream to the Arkansas River; thence along the channel of the latter stream to mile 101.7 (1943 survey) ; thence by a land cut, designated as the North Bank Canal route, to the White River at mile 17.2; thence along the channel of the White River to mile 7.8; thence by land cut to the Mississippi River at a point about 590.5 miles above the Head of Passes, La. The waterway would be canalized throughout its length by 3 naviga- tion locks and dams on the Verdigris River and 12 navigation locks and dams, 3 navigation locks, 1 navigation dam, and 4 navi- gation and hydroelectric power dams downstream therefrom. The 4 navigation and power dams are the Webbers Falls, Short Mountain, Ozark, and Dardanelle projects. Lock chambers are 110 by 600 feet on the Arkansas and White Rivers and 83 by 600 feet on the Verdigris River A minimum channel width of 150 feet is proposed for the Verdigris River section and 250 feet for the Arkansas and White River sections. The estimated Federal cost of the project (July 1956) is $765,900,000 for new work and is itemized in the following table: Estimated Feature Location' cost TULSA DISTRICT MAIN STEM RESERVOIRS Webbers Falls Dam and Reservoir- ------ Verdigris River-mile 4, Arkansas River- 2 $56,300 mile 432.3. Short Mountain Dam and Reservoir-.... ----------- Arkansas River-mile 432.3 to 395.4 95,500 RIVERS AND HARBORS-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 821 1 Estimated Feature Location cost LOCKS AND DAMS N o . 3 ....... ........ _ _... . .... .. Verdigris River-pool--mile 52 to 37.2 ........ 17,500,000 N o. 2. . . . ._ _ ... . .... . ... Verdigris River-pool-mile 37.2 to 19.4....... 13,500,000 No . 1------------ ----------- ----------- Verdigris River--pool-mile 19.4 to 4........ 16,400,000 Channel cutoffs, enlargements, and turn- Verdigris River-mile 63 to mile 0.....--..... 19,300,000 ing basins. No. 25 .................... ... _ __ __ _ Arkansas River-pool-mile 395.4 to 376.2 _ _ 31,700,000 D redgin g-------------------------------- Arkansas River_........___.......__-___-___ 12,600,000 BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION Short Mountain to Wilsons Rock......... Arkansas River--mile 395.4 to 376.5-........... 7,336,000 Wilsons Rock to Fort Smith ..._______ _.. Arkansas River-mile 376.5 to 362............. 5,964,000 Total, Tulsa District.------------- 276,100,000 LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT MAIN STEM RESERVOIRS Ozark Dam and Reservoir_ ________ Arkansas River-mile 346.5 to 319......___..._ 831,300,000 Dardanelle Dam and Reservoir,_ ........ Arkansas River-mile 301.8 to 258.2 -- ----... 94,600,000 LOCKS AND DAMS No. 22-A _.... .... . .. .. Arkansas River-pool-mile 376.2 to 346.5 ... 22,000,000 Dredging -- - - -- - - -- - - Arkansas River __________ -_____________ 2,300,000 No. 19-A_- - - Arkansas River-pool-mile 319 to 301.8 -.... 16,600,000 No. 13-A_ ------------------- Arkansas River-pool-mile 257.8 to 227.9-... 18,600,000 Dredging ----------------- Arkansas River ________________ 5,900,000 No. 12-A__ Arkansas River-pool-mile 227.9 to 208.2 ... 17,900,000 No. 11-A ._............. -......... -- .. Arkansas River-pool-mile 208.2 to 193.9_ . 16,500,000 No. 10-A __- --- Arkansas River-pool-mile 193.9 to 170.9 .-- 17,600,000 No. 9-A__ -------------- Arkansas River-pool-mile 170.9 to 153.5 .- 24,200,000 No. 8-A_ - - - Arkansas River-pool-mile 153.5 to 145 ..... 18,500,000 No. 7 __.... Arkansas River-pool-mile 145 to 128.... - 17,400,000 Initial snagging_____________ INitialsnaggin-------------------------- ___ ----------------------------------------- -- - 500,000 BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION Fort Smith to Mill Creek Mountain...._. Arkansas River-pool--mile 362 to 327.._..-- 10,000,000 Mill Creek Mountain to Morrisons Bluff_ Arkansas River-pool-mile 327 to 285 ....--- 4,800,000 Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge ___- Arkansas River-pool-mile 257 to 221-..---- 9,900,000 Morrilton Bridge to Fourche La Fave _.. Arkansas River-pool-mile 221 to 192-....... 6,900,000 Fourche La Fave to Little Rock.......... Arkansas River-pool-mile 192 to 165.5 ..--- 10,600,000 Little Rock to Jefferson County Free Arkansas River-pool-mile 165.5 to 115.6 ... 17,000,000 Bridge. Total, Little Rock District......... 363,100,000 VICKSBURG DISTRICT LOCKS AND DAMS Lock No. 5, dam No. 3___________. Pool-Arkansas River mile 101.7 to navigation 29,470,000 route mile 52. Lock No.4----------------------------- Pool-navigation route mile 52 to 34_.......... 20,120,000 Lock No.3.-.-. --- -- ------ Pool--navigation route mile 34 to 13.2......... 28,700,000 Lock and dam No. 2___________________ Pool--navigation route mile 13.2 to 10.3....... 11,280,000 Lock and dam No. 1___________________ Pool-navigation route mile 10.3 to 5.7..... 423,430,000 BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION I Jefferson County Free Bridge to Rob Roy Arkansas River-mile 101.7 to 89-.---__.- 2,350,000 Bridge. Rob Roy Bridge to Arkansas Post Canal. Arkansas River-mile 89 to 42___-- -__ 8,500,000 Arkansas Post Canal to Yancopin Bridge. Arkansas River-mile Rr 42 tot 23.5_ ..... 2 ... 2,150,000 Yancopin Bridge to mouth_.--------- Arkansas River--mile 23.5 to 0........ 700,000 Total, Vicksburg District......__..... 126,700,000 Total navigation project__________....._______............ 765,900,000 1 Mileage from 1940 survey for Tulsa and Little Rock districts and 1943 survey for Vicksburg district. 2 Initial development only. Estimated cost of ultimate development including power ,$68,500,000. 3 Initial development only. Estimated cost of ultimate development including power, $50,900,000 4 Includes cost of entrance channel. 822 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The active features of the project are reported individually on following pages: The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, as amended by the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, and the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest pub- lished maps.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide adequate terminal and transfer facilities for navigation and to bear the increased cost of maintenance and operation of all altered rail and highway routes, including bridges and appurtenances, utilities, and other existing improvements, other than federally owned. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities along the Arkansas River consist of a paved bank slope, under municipal control, at Little Rock; privately owned log slips at sawmills and stave mills at Little Rock; and sand and gravel derricks and elevators at Van Buren, Dardanelle, Little Rock, and Pine Bluff. These facilities, which are adequate for existing commerce on the river, are located at or near rail connections. Operations and results during fiscal year. Planning and con- struction of the multiple-purpose project was limited to emer- gency bank stabilization and channel rectification. Observation and study of bank caving conditions were continued and plans and specifications prepared for emergency bank stablization and channel rectification works at specific localities. For details see individual reports on following pages. The costs during the fiscal year were $4,298,797, of which $4,200,240 was for new work and $98,557 was for maintenance. The costs for new work include $1,199,626 for the Tulsa District, $2,214,260 for the Little Rock District, and $786,354 for the Vicksburg District. The maintenance costs include $84,998 for the Tulsa District, and $13,560 for the Little Rock District. Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning for the development of the overall plan has been suspended. Planning is 23 percent complete for the Dardanelle Dam and Reservoir and 12 percent complete for lock and dam No. 7. Construction of the emergency bank stabilization and channel rectification is 76 percent complete. The completed bank stabilization and channel rectification work amounts to about 28 percent of that work for the existing project. Details of the progress of the emergency bank stabilization and channel rectification work are given by districts in the individual reports on the following pages. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $20,919,058, of which $20,665,727 was for new work and $253,331 was for main- tenance. The costs for new work include $5,700,451 for the Tulsa District, $9,920,591 for the Little Rock District, and $5,044,685 for the Vicksburg District. The maintenance costs include $93,135 for the Tulsa District, $25,196 for the Little Rock District, and $135,000 for the Vicksburg District. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 823 BANK STABLIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. AND OKLA. (TULSA DISTRICT) Location. The bank stabilization, cutoffs, and channel im- provement work are located in the reach of the Arkansas River between Short Mountain Dam site and Fort Smith, Ark., river miles 395.4 and 362, respectively. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Sans Bois (Okla.), Sallisaw (Okla), and Fort Smith (Ark.-Okla.) quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The project consisting of training dikes, cutoffs, revetment, and other channel work, forms a unit in the multiple-purpose plan and provides for navigation of the Arkan- sas River. The reach and location of each bank stablization and channel rectification project are contained in the following table: Reach Location of reach Short Mountain to Wilsons Rock .______________________ __________ Mile 395.4 to mile 376.5. Wilsons Rock to Fort Smith_ ._...............--. _______ Mile 376.5 to mile 362.0. The estimated cost (July 1956) is $13,064,500 for construction and $235,500 for lands and damages, a total of $13,300,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) Since the corrective bank stabilization in the reach between Wilsons Rock and Fort Smith will also protect the critical loca- tion on the right bank of Arkansas River in vicinity of Bradens Bend, Okla., the bank protection work under the Bradens Bend project as authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, will not be performed. Local cooperation. See requirements for entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of emergency bank stabilization and channel rectification work on the Arkansas River between Wilsons Rock, Okla., and Fort Smith, Ark., was continued by contract. The work accomplished con- sisted of the placement of 8,000 linear feet of pile dikes and 3,800 feet of steel jetties, 1,500 feet of standard revetment, and 1,000,000 cubic yards of dredging for channel improvement, and completion of required pilot channels. Also condition and operation studies were made. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,284,624, of which $1,199,626 was for new work and $84,998 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Emergency bank stabilization and channel rectification works in the reach from Wilsons Rock to Fort Smith were initiated on May 1, 1952, and are 92 percent complete. A total of 37,367 linear feet of pile dikes, 29,852 linear feet of bank revetment, 2,235 linear feet of rock dikes, and 18,950 linear feet of pilot channels have been completed. Bank stabilization work above Wilsons Rock has not been initiated. 824 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, including unsegre- gated costs for other features of the multiple-purpose plan, were $5,793,586, of which $5,700,451 was for new work and $93,135 was for maintenance. DARDANELLE DAM AND RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. (LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT) Location. Dardanelle Dam site is on the Arkansas River in Pope and Yell Counties, Ark., about 2 miles upstream from the town of Dardanelle and 257.8 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Dardanelle (Ark.) quadrangle.) Existing project. The project is a unit in the multiple-purpose plan and provides for navigation of the Arkansas River and generation of hydroelectric power by construction of a gravity concrete dam and controlled spillway 2,569 feet long and 70 feet above the streambed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 495,000 acre-feet for navigation and hydroelectric power. The power-generating equipment will include 4 units with a capacity of 30,000 kilowatts each. The navigation lock will be 110 by 600 feet in size, with a lift of 52 feet. The estimated cost (1956), excluding the cost of bank stabiliza- tion in the upper reaches of the reservoir, is $86,663,000 for con- struction and $7,937,000 for lands and damages, totaling $94,600,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. See requirements for entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Planning was re- sumed during the fiscal year. Engineering studies were con- tinued for design of the dam, powerplant, and navigation lock. One contract for exploratory drilling was awarded and completed and one contract was awarded and work initiated. Construction of fixed-bed model was completed and testing begun by the Water- ways Experiment Station. The costs during the fiscal year were $249,663 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning was about 23 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction has not begun. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $500,666 for new work. BANK STABLIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. (LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT) Location. The several bank stabilization and channel rectifica- tion projects are laid out in various reaches extending from fixed point to fixed point on the Arkansas River from 115.6 to 362.0 miles above the mouth. Existing project. The bank stabilization and channel rectifica- tion program is a part of the general overall long-range plan for multiple-purpose development of the Arkansas River. The reach and location of each bank stabilization and channel rectification project are contained in the following table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 825 Reach Location of reach Fort Smith to Mill Creek Mountain _ ________......__.....___.....__ . Mile 362 to mile 327. Mill Creek Mountain to Morrisons Bluff ----------------------- Mile 327 to mile 285. Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge____________________________ Mile 257 to mile 221. Morrilton Bridge to Fourche La Fave_________ ________________ Mile 221 to mile 192. Fourche La Fave to Little Rock.....__-_................... . . Mile 192 to mile 165.5. Little Rock to Jefferson County Free Bridge __ Mile 165.5 to mile 115.6. The estimated cost (July 1956) is $57,857,600 for construction and $1,342,400 for lands and damages, totaling $59,200,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. See requirements for entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. In the reach from Fort Smith to Mill Creek Mountain, contract work was initiated and completed for 11,600 linear feet of trench-fill revetment below Van Buren. Contract was awarded and work initiated on 2,500 linear feet of upstream extension of trench-fill revetment below Van Buren. Contract was awarded and work initiated for 2,900 linear feet of upstream control structure and 1,800 linear feet of upstream trench-fill revetment at Trustee Bend Cutoff. In the reach from Mill Creek Mountain to Morrisons Bluff contracts were awarded for 800 linear feet extension of upstream control structure and 6,600 linear feet of trench-fill revetment along the left bank of McLean Bottom Cutoff and for 210,000 cubic yards of additional excavation from the pilot channel. In the reach from Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge contract work was initiated and completed for 2,700 linear feet of down- stream control structure and 1,400 linear feet of upstream control structure at Holla Bend Cutoff. Contract work was initiated on 12,900 linear feet of trench-fill revetment along the left bank at Galla Creek and 5,200 linear feet of rockfill dikes at Willow Bend. In the reach from Little Rock to Jefferson County Free Bridge contract work was initiated and completed for 9,000 linear feet of trench-fill revetment at Browns Bend; excavation of 13,200 linear feet of pilot channel and constructing 2,000 linear feet of rockfill revetment and 8,700 linear feet of trench-fill revetment at Brodie Bend; placing of additional rockfill at Adamsburg pile dikes; and construction of 2,000 linear feet of rockfill revetment and 900 linear feet of additional rockfill in existing pile revetment in the upstream control structures and 1,250 linear feet of revetment in the downstream control structures at Hensley Bar Cutoff. Con- tract work was initiated on 18,200 linear feet of trench-fill revet- ment at Harris Bend. The total work included the placement of 595,959 tons of stone and the excavation of 1,344,571 cubic yards of earth. Acquisi- tion was completed on 22 tracts of land totaling 679 acres. Re- pairs were made to pile revetment and pile dikes on the left bank at miles 124.8 and 124.7. 826 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The costs during the fiscal year were $1,978,157, of which $1,964,597 was for new work and $13,560 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. In the reach from Fort Smith to Mill Creek Mountain bank stabilization on the left bank between river miles 352.5 and 350.3 and excavation of the pilot channel at Trustee Bend are complete. In the reach from Mill Creek Mountain to Morrisons Bluff rock- fill dikes across O'Kane Island chute on the right bank at river miles 300.9 and 300.1, trench-fill revetment along the right bank between river miles 297.8 and 296.0 at McLean Bottom are com- plete and construction of the upstream control structures and ex- cavation of the pilot channel is under way. In the reach from Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge bank stabilization on the right bank between river miles 252.6 and 251.1, a pile dike at river mile 254.1, excavation of pilot channel and con- struction of revetment and first and second stages of the upstream control structures at Holla Bend, and construction of 3 pile dikes at Carden's Bottom are complete. In the reach from Morrilton Bridge to Fourche LaFave excava- tion of the pilot channel, construction of the revetment on the left bank and the upstream control works at Morrilton Cutoff and construction of the Cadron Ridge dikes on the left bank near river mile 204.0 are complete. In the reach from Little Rock to Jefferson County Free Bridge construction of revetment on the right bank between river miles 152.2 and 150.5 at Browns Bend, pile dikes and revetment at Estes Place, revetment at Warings Bend; excavation of the pilot chan- nel and construction of revetment on the left bank at Brodie Bend Cutoff; bank stabilization on the left bank between river miles 126.8 and 124.4; and excavation of the pilot channel and construc- tion of the upstream control works and revetment on the right bank at Hensley Bar Cutoff are complete. Bank stabilization on the right bank between river miles 127.9 and 121.3 and construction of the downstream control works at Hensley Bar Cutoff are partly complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $9,278,020, of which $9,252,824 was for new work and $25,196 was for mainte- nance. The total costs of the navigation project in the Little Rock Dis- trict to the end of the fiscal year were $9,945,787, of which $9,920,- 591 was for new work and $25,196 was for maintenance. BANK STABLIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. (VICKSBURG DISTRICT) Location. The bank stabilization and channel rectification projects are laid out in reaches extending from fixed point to fixed point on the Arkansas River from the mouth to 101.7 miles above the mouth. (River miles as measured on the 1943 survey.) Existing project. The bank stabilization program is a part of the general overall long-range plan for multiple-purpose develop- ment of the Arkansas River. Studies indicate that the banks of the river can be effectively stabilized only by completing an entire RIVERS AND HARBORS-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 827 reach between two relatively stable or fixed points. The reach and location of each bank stabilization and channel rectification project are contained in the following table. Reach Location of reach 1 Jefferson County Free Bridge to Rob Roy Bridge----------------- Mile 101.7 to mile 89. Roy Roy Bridge to Arkansas Post ___________________________ _ Mile 89 to mile 42. Arkansas Post to Yancopin Bridge_ __ _Mile 42 to mile 23.5. Yancopin Bridge to mouth .......---------------------------------- Mile 23.5 to mile 0. 1River mileage from 1943 survey. The estimated cost (July 1956) is $13,700,000 for. construction. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. See requirements for entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. In the reach from Jefferson County Free Bridge to Rob Roy Bridge a contract was initiated and completed for construction of 2,592 linear feet of revetment and 1,604 linear feet of pile dikes at the Below Fergus Crossing location. Additional contract work for revetment and pile dikes at the same location was initiated and a total of 1,680 linear feet of revetment was placed. In the reach from Rob Roy Bridge to Arkansas Post contracts were initiated and completed for construction of 5,250 linear feet of revetment and 878 linear feet of pile dikes at Mud Lake, and for 2,458 linear feet of pile dikes at Farelly Lake. In the reach from Arkansas Post to Yancopin Bridge a contract was completed for pile dike construction at Hopedale Cutoff. A total of 1,103 linear feet of pile dikes was placed during the fiscal year. A contract for repairs to bank stabilization works between miles 98 and 34 was completed. The costs during the fiscal year were $786,354 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Studies, planning, and design are in progress. Contract work for additional revetment and pile dikes in the reach from Jefferson County Free Bridge to Rob Roy Bridge at the Below Fergus Crossing location is 38 percent com- plete. Operative bank stabilization works in place include 44,422 linear feet of revetment and 30,479 linear feet of pile dikes. Bank stabilization and channel rectification works have been constructed in the Arkansas River between Pine Bluff, Ark., and the mouth under appropriation for flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries, of which 33,275 linear feet of pile dikes and 21,- 755 linear feet of revetment are operative. This work is reported in the Annual Report of the president, Mississippi River Com- mission. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, including unsegre- gated costs for other features of the multiple-purpose plan, were $5,181,039, of which $5,046,039 was for new work and $135,000 was for maintenance, 828 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-__ 000 $4,208,039 $3,841, $3,731,627 $3,000,000 $4,260,000 $22,228,666 Cost-........... 1,791,4136,508,6743,479,4782,534,6214,200,240 -___ 20,665,728 Maintenance: Appropriated---------------------------- 65,000 89,837 96,440 251,277 Cost ------------------------------------ 63,603 91,171 98,557 253,331 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__- $168, 523 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---- ___-___-__ _ 3,650, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ________________________________ 3, 818, 523 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------------------- _ 743, 671, 334 2. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Black River, Ark. and Mo............-...... 1950 $80,000 $658,222 (1) 2. Current River, Ark. and Mo-----_------__- 2 1950 17,000 125,912 (1) 3. Upper White River, Ark. ............. 1952 813,197 1,788,374 (3) 4. White River, Ark. (above Peach Orchard Bluff) 1950 ---- 785,666 (1) 1 Channel adequate for existing commerce. Completion not contemplated. 2 Federal operation and maintenance was terminated June 30, 1952, due to lack of commerce. Facilities at lock and dam No. 1 operated and maintained by city of Batesville, Ark., under 25-year license since that date. 3 Completed. 3. EAST POPLAR BLUFF AND POPLAR BLUFF, MO. Location. This project is located on the left bank of the Black River in and adjacent to the eastern part of the city of Popular Bluff, Butler County, Mo. (mile 210.9). (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Poplar Bluff, Mo., quadrangle, and Corps of En- gineers map for Harviell, Mo. quadrangle.) Existing project. The project consists of a new compacted earthfill levee encircling that part of the city of Poplar Bluff lying east of the Black River. The levee begins at a point opposite Black River mile 211.8, extends southeastward along Palmer Slough and across the Missouri Pacific Railroad, then southward to Black River at mile 208.4, thence up the left bank of Black River and along the city waterfront to the point of beginning. The proj- ect includes construction of 3.9 miles of earthfill levee; raising of 0.5 mile of street to serve as levee; construction of 1 large drainage structure and 13 small culverts; and excavation of 0.7 mile of ditch along the riverside of the east levee. The levee has a 3-foot free- board above the flow line of a project flood as modified by Clear- FLOOD CONTROL--LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 829 water Reservoir and confined by the levee. The discharge of the modified project flood is 37,000 cubic feet per second. The project protects 410 acres within the city of Poplar Bluff and 310 acres adjacent thereto. This project is a modification of the original project plan and provides essentially the same degree of protection. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1956) is $307,000 for construction and the estimated cost to local interests for lands and damages is $59,000, a total of $366,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 102, 73d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation were sub- mitted by local interests and approved by the Secretary of War on June 2, 1947. All rights-of-way have been furnished. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the levee and drainage structures by contract was begun October 4, 1955, and completed June 15, 1956. The work included placement of 298,613 cubic yards of levee embankment, 246 cubic yards of concrete, and 13,864 pounds of reinforcing steel; and installation of 1,381 linear feet of corrugated metal pipe and 32 drainage gates. The costs during the fiscal year were $252,124 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete except for installation of steel sheet piling cutoff walls in the levee under the tracks of the Missouri Pacific and St. Louis-San Francisco Railroads. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $292,051 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $267,000 $306,927 Cost------------- ---------------------------------------- 252,124 292,051 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____ -- $14, 802 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ____________ _____________ ________ 14, 802 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________- _____________ 73 4. WHITE RIVER BASIN, LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT Location. These improvements are located on the White River and tributaries thereof and are in the States of Arkansas and Missouri. More definite locations of the individual items are given in the following paragraph. Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin, as set forth in Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with 830 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and authorized the sum of $25 million for reservoirs, for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan, the reservoirs to be selected and ap- proved by the Chief of Engineers. The Flood Control Act ap- proved August 18, 1941, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $24 million, in addition to previous authorizations, for the prose- cution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the White River Basin in Missouri and Arkansas, in- cluding the projects for flood control and other purposes recom- mended by the Chief of Engineers in House Document 917, 76th Congress, 3d session, and the modifications in the Norfork Reser- voir project recommended by the Chief of Engineers in House Document 290, 77th Congress, 1st session. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $45 million, the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $40 million, and the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $35 million, in addition to previous author- izations, for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, modified the gen- eral comprehensive plan to provide for the generation of power in conjunction with flood control at the Greers Ferry Reservoir and the addition of Beaver Reservoir for flood control, power genera- tion, and other purposes, substantially as recommended by the Chief of Engineers in House Document 499, 83d Congress, 2d ses- sion. The reservoirs included in the comprehensive plan are listed below: Distance Drainage Reservoir Power above area Height of dam above streambed capacity develop- Total Reservoir River mouth Nearest town (square and type (acre- ment (kilo- estimated (miles) miles) feet) watts) cost 1 Beaver 2_ _--_________ White_---------------- 608.5 Beaver, Ark___...______ 1,186 217 feet concrete-gravity and earthfill__ 1,654,000 64,000 $46,700,000 O Table Rock 2 _____ ___o do_ _____ _ 528.8 Branson, Mo_ __.-.... 4,020 252 feet concrete-gravity and earthfill__ 3,462,000 84,000 66,800,000 0 O Bull Shoals 2____________ B u f fdo_ a lo - - - 418.6 3.6 Amos, o c k , ... L o n e R Ark ______ Ark 6,036 1 ,3 3 1 258 feet concrete-gravity------------- 2 1 6 f e e t c o n c r e t e - g r a v i t y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5,408,000 68 7,00 0 160,000 (4 ) 75,260,000 2 9 ,4 6 0 ,0 0 0 Lone Rock 3 __________ _ ... _ Norfork 2 _______ _ North Fork ________.. 4.8 Norfork, Ark___ ... __ 1,806 222 feet concrete-gravity------------- 1,983,000 70,000 28,602,000 Clearwater 2 .. Black__ ______ 257.4 Piedmont, Mo________ 898 154 feet earthfill_ ________________ - 413,000 (4) 5 9,715,258 O Water Valley 3 --... Eleven Point.._______ 12.6 Watervalley, Ark _.. 1,152 157 feet earthfill ______________ 1,563,000 (6) 15,000,000 z Bell Foley 7 Strawberry - --.... 26,2 Smithville, Ark -..... 520 133 feet earthfill_ __________________ 245,000 (4) 9,750,000 Greers Ferry 2 ___...__..Little Red_------------ 79.0 Heber Springs, Ark_. 1,146 253 feet concrete-gravity------------- 2,846,000 96,000 48,700,000 1July 1956 price levels unless otherwise noted. 5 Final cost. 2 For details of this project, see individual report. 6 Includes provisions for future power installation. 3 To be restudied. Estimated cost based on July 1954 price levels. 7 Inactive. Estimated cost based on July 1954 price levels. 4 None. r 00 832 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Beaver, Table Rock, Bull Shoals, Norfork, Clearwater, and Greers Ferry Reservoirs were selected and approved for con- struction by the Chief of Engineers in accordance with the above authorizations and individual reports on the six reservoirs are given on the following pages. All costs for those six reservoirs previously reported under the heading "White River Basin, Little Rock District" have been transferred to the individual reports. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Stream gaging was continued by hired labor. Three notable rises occurred in the Upper White and North Fork Rivers during the fiscal year. Regulation of flows in the North Fork River in the Norfork Reservoir and in the Upper White River in the Bull Shoals Reservoir during the fiscal year prevented flooding on an average of about 24,270 acres of im- proved land for each rise, of which about 16,960 and 7,310 was credited to Bull Shoals and Norfork Reservoirs, respectively. Flood modifications on the White River at Calico Rock, 17 miles downstream from the mouth of the North Fork River and 59 miles downstream from the Bull Shoals Dam, and at Newport, 102 miles downstream from Calico Rock, are shown in the following table. White River Bull Shoals Reservoir Norfork Reservoir 2 Calico Rock, Ark.' Newport, Ark. o Outflow Outflow oo coinci- coinci- t4 0 Esti- o dent with Maxi- dent with Maxi- Esti- the peak mum Corre- the peak mum Corre- mated Esti- mated Esti- Peak uncon- pool sponding Peak uncon- pool sponding Experi- crest mated Experi- crest mated 0 Date of peak inflow trolled elevation flood Date of peak inflow trolled elevation flood enced stage reduc- enced stage reduc- inflow (cubic flow at (feet control inflow (cubic flow at (feet control crest without tion crest without tion feet per Calico above storage feet per Calico above storage stage Norfork in stage Norfork in second) Rock mean sea (acre-feet) second) Rock mean sea (acre-feet) and Bull stage and Bull stage (cubic feet per level) (cubic feet per level) Shoals Shoals O second) second) (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) Feb. 1,1956 49,000 32,470 628.0 (4) Feb. 1, 1956 19,000 31,470 535.4 (4) 10.3 16.3 6.0 17.3 21.6 4.3 Feb. 17,1956 48,000 3 2,690 633.1 (4) Feb. 17, 1956 16,500 31,090 538.1 (4) 10.3 18.0 7.7 22.3 24.6 2.3 May 15,1956 144,000 3 2,950 652.7 (4) May 15, 1956 45,000 320 5546.0 (4) 8.5 30.2 21.7 10.8 28.5 17.7 0 4Flood regulated in power pool. 1 Appreciable overflow begins at 19 feet. zj 3 2 Appreciable overflow begins at 18 feet. For generation of hydroelectric power. 5 Power generation curtailed and power pool continued to rise slowly. C) H 0j 834 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The pool elevation of the Norfork Reservoir at the beginning of the fiscal year was 548.87 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 1,183,600 acre-feet of total storage. At the end of the fiscal year the pool elevation was 549.58 feet above mean sea level, cor- responding to 1,198,800 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool elevation during the fiscal year was that recorded at the end of the fiscal year. The pool elevation of the Bull Shoals Reservoir at the beginning of the fiscal year was 654.77 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 3,083,000 acre-feet of total storage; and at the end of the fiscal year was 654.80 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 3,084,400 acre-feet of total storage. The maxi- mum pool elevation during the fiscal year was that recorded at the end of the fiscal year. There were no costs during the fiscal year. __Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning is 57 percent complete for Water Valley Reservoir and 15 percent complete for Lone Rock Reservoir. The progress on projects selected for construction is given in individual reports. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $612,9721, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$97,628 ... ........... .. $612,972 Cost----------------- 928 ----------..........------------------------------------ 612,972 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- _ __ $53, 597, 028 5. BEAVER RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Beaver Dam site is at mile 608.5 on the White River in Carroll County, Ark., 6 miles west of Eureka Springs, Ark., and 80 miles upstream from the Table Rock Dam site. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Tulsa sheet, scale 1: 500,000; U. S. Geological Survey map for Eureka Springs, Ark.-Mo., quad- rangle, scale 1: 125,000.) The reservoir will extend about 66 miles upstream from the dam in Carroll, Benton, and Washington Coun- ties, Ark. __Existing project. The project plan provides for construction of a dam 2,475 feet long consisting of a concrete gravity structure across the main part of the valley with a rolled-earthfill section an the left abutment, and a hydroelectric power generating plant. The concrete portion of the dam will be 1,229 feet long and 217 feet high above the streambed. It will include a spillway section 328 feet long which will be bridged for a roadway across the dam. Flow over the spillway will be controlled by seven tainter gates 40 feet wide and 32 feet high. Flow through the dam will be regu- lated by six 4- by 7-foot conduits equipped with hydraulically- FLOOD CONTROL--LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 835 operated slide gates. Flow to the powerhouse will be through two 18-foot-diameter penstocks. The powerhouse at the base of the dam will contain two 32,000-kilowatt generating units. The switchyard will be located on the left bank downstream from the powerhouse. The reservoir formed by the Beaver Dam will be one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other pur- poses in the White River Basin and will control the runoff from an area of 1,186 square miles. It will have a total storage capacity of 1,654,000 acre-feet, of which 308,000 will be for flood control and 1,346,000 will be for generation of hydroelectric power. The estimated cost of the project (July 1956) is $44,240,000 for construction and $2,460,000 for lands and damages, totaling $46,700,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 499, 83d Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938 applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Planning of the proj- ect was begun. Exploratory drilling at the dam site was initiated by hired labor. The costs during the fiscal year were $23,657 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Overall planning of the project was about 2 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Con- struction has not begun. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $23,657 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated......------------------------------------------------$25,000 $25,000 Cost ------------------ ----------------------------------- 23,657 23,657 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____ $1, 343 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __ 250,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ _______ _____________ 251, 343 Estimate additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ___ ____ _____ 46, 425, 000 6. TABLE ROCK RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, MO. Location. The Table Rock Dam site is at mile 528.8 on the White River in Taney County, Mo., about 8 miles upstream and southwest of Branson, Mo. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Tulsa sheet, scale 1: 500,000; Harrison sheet NJ15-11, Army Map Service series V502, scale 1: 250,000; U. S. Geological Survey map for Forsyth, Mo., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000). From the dam 836 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the reservoir will extend westward into Stone and Barry Counties, Mo., and into Boone, Carroll, and Benton Counties, Ark. Existing project. The project comprises the construction of a dam 6,423 feet long and 252 feet in height above the streambed. The dam consists of a concrete-gravity structure across the main part of the valley with two rolled-earthfill abutment sections and a hydroelectric power generating plant. The concrete portion of the dam will be 1,602 feet long and 261 feet high above the lowest point of foundation. The left abutment embankment will be 3,798 feet long, with a maximum height of 172 feet. The right abutment embankment will be 1,023 feet long, with a maximum height of 35 feet. The concrete portion of the dam will include a spillway section 531 feet long which will be bridged for a roadway across the dam. The flow over the spillway will be controlled by 10 radial crest gates 45 feet wide and 37 feet high. Flow through the dam will be regulated by four 4- by 9-foot conduits equipped with hydraulically operated slide gates. The total discharge ca- pacity of the outlets will be 14,500 cubic feet per second with the reservoir filled to the top of flood-control pool, elevation 931. Flow to the powerplant will be through four 18-foot-diameter penstocks. The powerhouse at the downstream base of the dam will provide space for four 50,000-kilowatt generating units, three of which will be installed initially. The switchyard will be located on the left bank downstream from the powerhouse. The reservoir formed by the Table Rock Dam will be one unit of a comprehen- sive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin and will control the runoff from an area of 4,020 square miles. It will have a total storage capacity of about 3,462,000 acre- feet, of which 760,000 will be for flood control and 2,702,000 for the generation of hydroelectric power. The estimated cost of the project (July 1956) is $60,547,300 for construction and $6,252,700 for lands and damages, totaling $66,800,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 917, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Existing Govern- ment buildings and access roads were maintained in serviceable condition. Construction of the dam and appurtenant works by contract was continued. Work included 341,368 cubic yards of common excavation, 113,092 cubic yards of rock excavation, and placement of 1,517,254 cubic yards of earthfill, 580,217 cubic yards of concrete, and 2,406,763 pounds of reinforcing steel. Separate contracts for furnishing two 68,000-horsepower hydrau- lic turbines, two 52,632-kva generators, and two station service turbines were continued. Contracts were awarded for furnishing station service generators and governors, power transformer, oil circuit breakers, and main generator and transformer bus struc- ture. Acquisition of 268 tracts of land totaling 16,522 acres was FLOOD CONTROL---LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 837 completed by hired labor. Preparation of plans and specifica- tions was continued by hired labor. The costs during the fiscal year were $13,331,367 for new work. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. Planning of the overall project is about 86 percent complete. The office, service buildings, utili- ties, access roads, and drilling and grouting are complete. Land for the dam site and work area has been acquired. Construction of the dam is 53 percent complete and installation of the power penstocks is 90 percent complete. The project as a whole is 27 percent complete. Work remaining to complete the project includes completion of plans and specifications; preparation of a master plan and con- struction of facilities for reservoir management and public use; completion of the dam; construction of the powerhouse, switch- yard, and appurtenances; installation of power-generating and allied electrical equipment; completion of land acquisition and re- locations; and clearing the reservoir area. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $19,822,105 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ----- _-$150,000 $2,985,000 -$1,349,546 $4,849,546 111,000,000 1$18,651,006 120,154 Cost----------------................ 1,246,527 351,194 3,826,662 13,331,367 19,822,105 1 Excludes $2,000,000 borrowed from OCE to be repaid from fiscal year 1957 allotment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------ $1, 593 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------------------------------------- 14, 750, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------------------- 14, 751, 593 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------------- 33,398, 994 7. BULL SHOALS RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, ARK . Location. The Bull Shoals Dam is located at mile 418.6 on the White River in Baxter and Marion Counties, Ark., about 7 miles north of Cotter, Ark., and 10 miles west of Mountain Home, Ark. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Tulsa sheet, scale 1: 500,000.) The Bull Shoals Reservoir extends northwest along White River to the Ozark Beach Dam at mile 506.1 and comprises lands in Taney and Ozark Counties, Mo., and Boone, Marion, and Baxter Coun- ties, Ark. Existing project. The project consists of a gravity-type con- crete dam 2,256 feet long and 258 feet in height above the stream- bed, and a hydroelectric power-generating plant. The dam con- sists of a spillway section 808 feet long located above the river channel and two nonoverflow sections contiguous thereto and ex- tending into the abutments. The spillway is controlled by 17 838 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 radial crest gates 28 feet high by 40 feet long. The flood-control outlets consist of sixteen 4- by 9-foot conduits through the dam at the base of the spillway which are controlled by hydraulic- ally operated slide gates. The total capacity of the outlets is 49,- 000 cubic feet per second, with the reservoir filled to the top of the power pool, elevation 654. The powerhouse at the base of the dam, on the left side of the spillway, is provided with eight pen- stocks, and four 40,000-kilowatt generating units with provisions for installation of four additional generating units in the future. The reservoir, which is one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of 6,036 square miles. It has a total storage capacity of about 5,408,000 acre-feet, of which 2,360,000 is for flood control and 3,048,000 is for the generation of hydroelectric power. The estimated cost of the project (July 1956) is $69,570,400 for construction and $5,689,600 for lands and damages, totaling $75,- 260,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $360,000 (July 1956), including $52,000 for major replacements. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 917, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. One contract for construction of sanitary facilities for public use was awarded and two were completed. One contract for bituminous surfacing of access roads and one contract for drilling a water well were awarded and completed. One contract for instrument trans- formers was awarded. Installation of load-control, carrier cur- rent, and miscellaneous electrical equipment; drilling and grout- ing; and acquisition of 15 tracts of land totaling 355 acres were completed by hired labor. Ordinary operation and maintenance of the project were con- tinued. No major repairs or replacements of flood-control or electrical-generating equipment were required during the fiscal year. A total of 386,644,000 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy was delivered to the Southwestern Power Administration for sale. The results of operation of the Bull Shoals Reservoir for flood control are shown under the heading "White River Basin, Little Rock District." The costs during the fiscal year were $469,910, of which $188,- 452 was for new work and $281,458 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is essentially complete. Construction was begun in April 1946 and the project was ready for beneficial use for flood control in February 1951 and for generation of electrical energy in Septem- ber 1952. Work remaining to complete the project includes completion of land acquisition; installation of transformers, testing instruments, and miscellaneous equipment; and miscellaneous minor construc- tion work by hired labor. FLOOD CONTROL--LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 839 The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $76,714,177, of which $75,510,138 was for new work and 1,204,039 was for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .. -- . $14,960,000 $995,000 $768,800 $1,123,500 -$582,400 $75,638,400 Cost-------------- 13,731,952 5,097,450 1,989,074 715,732 188,452 75,510,138 Maintenance: Appropriated .--------..... 51,461 256,000 306,000 309,340 282,300 1,205,101 Cost----------------- 51,276 241,705 314,705 314,894 281,458 1,204,039 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ -__ 1 $52,296 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -___ ___1_ 152, 296 1 Unobligated balance for new work will not be available for revocation until CPA report on Flippin material contract is received and final cost determined. 8. NORFORK RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Norfork Dam is located on the North Fork River about 4.8 miles above its confluence with the White River, near Norfork, Baxter County, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Mountain Home, Ark., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Norfork Reservoir extends northward from the dam across Baxter County, Ark., into Ozark County, Mo. Existing project. The project consists of a concrete gravity- type dam 2,624 feet long and 222 feet in height above the stream- bed and a hydroelectric generating plant. The dam consists of a spillway section 568 feet long located above the river channel and 2 nonoverflow sections contiguous thereto and extending into the abutments. The spillway is controlled by 12 radial crest gates 28 feet high and 40 feet long. The flood-control outlets consist of eleven 4- by 6-foot conduits through the dam at the base of the spillway which are controlled by hydraulically operated slide gates. The total capacity of the outlets is about 23,000 cubic feet per second with the reservoir filled to top of power pool, elevation 552. The powerhouse at the base of the dam on the right side of the spillway is provided with two penstocks and two 35,000-kilowatt generating units. Two more penstocks are provided through the dam for installation of additional generating units in the future. The reservoir, which is 1 unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of 1,806 square miles, or practically the entire drainage area of the North Fork River. It has a total storage capacity of about 1,983,000 acre-feet, of which 732,000 acre-feet is for flood control and 1,251,000 is for generation of power. The estimated cost of the project (July 1956) is $27,411,400 for construction and $1,190,600 for lands and damages, totaling $28,- 602,000. The estimated cost for annual maintenance is $240,000 (July 1956), including $21,000 for major replacements. 840 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 290, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. One contract for furnishing electrical equipment and one contract for construction of sanitary facilities for public use were completed. Installation of powerhouse control room lighting and miscellaneous electrical equipment by hired labor was completed. Ordinary operation and maintenance of the project were con- tinued. No major repairs or replacements of flood-control or elec- trical-generating equipment were required during the fiscal year. A total of 105,501,800 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy was delivered to the Southwestern Power Administration for sale. The results of operation of the Norfork Reservoir for flood con- trol are shown under the heading "White River Basin, Little Rock District." The costs during the fiscal year were $207,576, of which $4,182 was for new work and $203,394 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is essentially complete. Construction was begun in October 1940 and the project was ready for beneficial use for flood control in June 1943 and for generation of electrical energy in June 1944. Work remaining to complete the project is completion of the installation of load-control equipment. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $31,117,551, of which $28,589,868 was for new work and $2,527,683 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated........ ----- $3,400 ..----------- -- $100,000 -$63,000 -$46,364 $28,590,636 Cost_------------- 124,444 $63,074 95,639 316,254 4,182 28,589,868 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ 233,500 210,500 237,000 213,000 205,400 2,529,800 Cost---------------- 226,786 212,369 246,868 217,641 203,394 2,527,683 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------- $768 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----- 768 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------------------------- 11, 364 9. CLEARWATER RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, MO. Location. Clearwater Dam is located in Wayne and Reynolds Counties, Mo., on the Black River, 257.4 miles above its confluence with the White River, 6 miles southwest of Piedmont, Mo., and 32 miles northwest of Poplar Bluff, Mo. (See U. S. Geological Survey FLOOD CONTROL--LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 841 map for Piedmont, Mo., quadrangle, scale 1: 62,500.) From the dam, the reservoir extends northward and westward in Reynolds County. Existing project. The project consists of an earthfill dam 4,225 feet long and 154 feet in height above the streambed. Outlet works consisting of a gate-controlled, concrete-lined tunnel are lo- cated in the right abutment and discharge into the river below the dam. An uncontrolled, concrete-type ogee spillway is located on the right abutment with overflow discharging into Webb Valley and reentering the river at a point about 1 mile downstream from the dam. The reservoir, which is 1 unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of 898 square miles. It provides storage capacity of about 391,000 acre-feet for flood control, and a permanent pool of about 22,000 acre-feet for recreational pur- poses and as a wildlife refuge, or a total of 413,000 acre-feet. The cost of the completed project is $9,120,267 for construction and $594,991 for lands and damages, totaling $9,715,258. The estimated cost for annual maintenance (July 1956) is $63,000, ex- clusive of major replacements. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Ordinary operation and maintenance were continued. Two noteworthy rises occurred on the Black River above the Clearwater Reservoir during the fiscal year. Flooding was pre- vented on an average of about 10,120 acres of cultivated land for each rise. The results of regulation on the river stages at Poplar Bluff, 46.4 miles downstream, are given in the following tabula- tion. Clearwater Reservoir Poplar Bluff, Mo., Outflow coincident Estimated with peak Maximum Corre- Experi- crest Peak inflow flow from pool eleva- sponding enced stage Estimated Date of (cubic feet uncon- tion (feet flood- crest without reduction peak inflow per second) trolled above mean control stage Clearwater in stage area (cubic sea level) storage (feet) Dam (feet) feet per (acre-feet) (feet) second) Feb. 18,1956 5,000 1,150 500.0 10,800 13.0 15.2 2.2 May 15,1956 23,000 280 512.7 43,700 11.1 18.4 7.3 1 Appreciable overflow begins at 12feet. The pool elevation at the beginning of the fiscal year was 494.67 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 23,010 acre-feet of total storage; and was 495.17 feet above mean sea level at the end of the fiscal year, corresponding to 23,840 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool elevation during the fiscal year was 512.73 feet, corresponding to 65,600 acre-feet of total storage. Sufficient re- 842 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 leases were made from the reservoir during the low-water periods to supply municipal water for Poplar Bluff and for other usages. The conservation pool elevation was fluctuated during the warm months as an aid in the control of mosquitos. The costs during the fiscal year were $52,688 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction was initiated in June 1940, and the project was ready for beneficial use in March 1948. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $10,181,483, of which $9,715,258 was for new work and $466,225 was for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated ..... _ __ ... ___......... ____ -$33,602 $528 _--____- -- $9,715,258 Cost- ---- __-- $188,722 $24,027 49,232 528 __ -......- 9,715,258 Maintenance: Appropriated .......-------- 66,645 63,200 56,500 53,280 $52,900 466,525 Cost__--- 64,127 66,008 54,720 57,821 52,688 466,225 10. GREERS FERRY RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Greers Ferry Dam site is at mile 79.0 on the Little Red River in Cleburne County, Ark., 3 miles northeast of Heber Springs, Ark. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Little Rock sheet, scale 1: 500,000; U. S. Geological Survey map for Batesville, Ark., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) The reservoir will extend about 41 miles upstream from the dam in Cleburne and Van Buren Counties, Ark. Existing project. The project plan provides for construction of a rolled-earthfill dam 1,700 feet long and 253 feet high above the streambed, and a hydroelectric power generating plant. An uncontrolled saddle spillway in the left abutment will discharge into a ravine away from the toe of the dam. The spillway will be bridged and Arkansas State Road No. 25 will be relocated to cross the dam and spillway. Flood releases from the reservoir through a 25-foot-diameter tunnel in the left abutment will be controlled by slide gates and will be discharged into a stilling basin at the tunnel outlet. Flow to the powerhouse will be through three 20-foot-diameter tunnels located in the right abutment. The powerhouse in the right abutment downstream from the dam will contain three 32,000-kilowatt generating units. The switch- yard will be located on the right bank near the powerhouse. Four saddle dikes will be constructed at low places on the reservoir rim. The reservoir formed by the Greers Ferry Dam will be one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin and will control the runoff from an area of 1,146 square miles. It will have a total storage capacity of 2,846,000 acre-feet, of which 936,000 will be for flood control and 1,910,000 will be for generation of hydroelectric power. FLOOD CONTROL--LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 843 The estimated cost of the project (July 1956) is $44,700,000 for construction and $4,000,000 for lands and damages, totaling $48,700,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, as amended by the Flood Control Act ap- proved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 499, 83d Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Planning of the proj- ect was continued. Work included studies for selection of the dam site and for determining the height and type of dam, and explora- tory drilling by hired labor. The costs during the fiscal year were $175,944 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Overall planning of the pro- ject is about 30 percent complete. Construction has not begun. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $386,152 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1953 1954 1955 1952 New work: Appropriated - _- -$44,557 $40,000 -$15,000 -$1,335 $185,000 $395,208 Cost_-------------- 4,910 15,247 8,653 -236 175,944 386,152 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----- $1, 410 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ______ 750, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 751, 410 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_________ 48, 304, 792 11. NORTH LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. Location. The project is located on the left bank of the Arkansas River, 165 miles above the mouth, at North Little Rock, Pulaski County, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Little Rock and vicinity, Ark., quadrangle). Existing project. The project consists of about 2 miles of earth- fill levees with 2 concrete drainage structures and 1 mile of con- crete floodwall, extending from the bluffs at Fort Roots down- stream to the St. Louis Southwestern Railway shops; bank protec- tion and dike restoration in the vicinity of Pine and Locust Streets, and 3 pumping plants. The project provides protection to the city of North Little Rock by levees and floodwalls having a 3-foot freeboard above the flowline of the 1927 flood confined. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1956) is $511,639 for construction and the estimated cost to local interests for lands and damages is $457,880, a total of $969,519. 844 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and was modified by the War Department Civil Appropriation Act approved June 24, 1940 to include pro- vision for pumping facilities at Federal expense. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. All requirements of local cooperation have been fulfilled. Operations and results during fiscal year. Floodwalls were ex- amined to determine their condition. All joints were inspected and tests for leakage made on questionable joints. Samples were obtained from test pits for laboratory analysis. Sections were taken at critical points to show condition of riverbank with rela- tion to floodwalls. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,738 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was completed August 10, 1942. Work remaining to complete the in- spection includes analysis of the stability of the floodwalls in ac- cordance with test results, analysis of the condition of the joints, determination of remedial measures if needed, and preparation of report. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year were $505,377 for new work. The costs include $470,377 from regular funds and $35,000 from emergency relief funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated...............------------------------------------------------ $10,000 $511,639 Cost----------- -------------------------------------------- 3,738 505,377 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ _ $4, 162 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------- 4, 162 12. ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT Location. These improvements are located on tributaries of the Arkansas River and are in the State of Arkansas. More definite locations of the individual items are given in the following paragraphs. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Arkansas River Basin was adopted by Congress in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The original authorization of $21 million has been modi- fied by subsequent additions and revisions to the plan and the present amount authorized to be appropriated for prosecution of the plan is $288,573,000. The reservoirs within the Little Rock District included in the comprehensive plan are listed below: FLOOD CONTROL--LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 845 Dis- Drain- Reser- Power tance age Height of voir develop- Reservoir River above Nearest town area dam above capacity ment Final mouth (sq. streambed (acre- (kilo- cost (miles) miles) and type feet) watts) Blue Moun- Petit Jean-_ 74.4 Blue Moun- 488 115 feet; earth- 258,000 (1) $4,771,050 tain. tain, Ark. fill. Nimrod ...- Fourche La 62.6 Nimrod, Ark.. 680 97 feet; con- 336,000 (2) 3,772,420 Fave. crete-gravity. 1 None. 2 Includes provision for future power installation. 13. BLUE MOUNTAIN RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Blue Mountain Dam is located in Yell County, Ark., on the Petit Jean River about 74.4 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River, and about 12 miles south of Paris, Logan County, Ark. Blue Mountain Reservoir extends westward from the dam into Logan County. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Magazine, Ark., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The project consists of an earthfill dam about 2,800 feet long and about 115 feet in height above the streambed. Outlet works consist of a gate-controlled, concrete-lined tunnel through the right abutment, discharges from which are directed back into the Petit Jean River at a point about 3,000 feet below the dam. An uncontrolled saddle spillway 150 feet long is located on the left abutment, about 1,200 feet downstream from the dam axis. The reservoir, which is one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Arkansas River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of 488 square miles, or about 46 percent of the total drainage area of Petit Jean River. It provides storage capacity of 233,000 acre-feet for flood control, and 25,000 acre-feet for recreational purposes and as a wildlife refuge, or a total of 258,000 acre-feet. The cost of the completed project is $4,225,163 for construction and $545,887 for lands and damages, totaling $4,771,050. The estimated cost (July 1956) of annual maintenance, is $61,000, ex- clusive of major replacements. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Ordinary mainte- nance and operation of the project were continued. Two notable rises occurred on the Petit Jean River during the fiscal year. Flooding was prevented on an average of about 4,675 acres of improved land for each flood. The results of flow regula- tion on river stages at Danville are given in the following tabula- tion. Danville is 25.6 miles downstream from the dam and just downstream from the mouth of Dutch Creek which is the principal tributary of the Petit Jean River. 846 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Blue Mountain Reservoir Danville, Ark.' Outflow coincident Estimated with peak Maximum Corre- Experi- crest Peak inflow flow from pool eleva- sponding enced stage Estimated Date of (cubic feet uncon- tion (feet flood- crest without reduction peak inflow per second) trolled above mean control stage Blue in stage area (cubic sea level) storage (feet) Mountain (feet) feet per (acre-feet) Dam second) (feet) Feb. 1,1956 1,650 5 384.9 2,750 15.0 17.9 2.9 Feb. 17,1956 12,000 25 393.1 30,800 22.0 24.4 2.4 1 Appreciable overflow begins at 17feet. The pool elevation at the beginning of the fiscal year was 385.29 feet above mean seal level, corresponding to 28,590 acre-feet of total storage. At the end of the fiscal year the pool elevation was 385.22 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 28,370 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool level during the fiscal year was 393.05 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 57,390 acre- feet of total storage. The conservation pool elevation was fluctu- ated during the warm months as an aid in the control of mosqui- toes. Sufficient releases were made from the reservoir during low- water periods to supply municipal water for Danville and for other usages. The costs during the fiscal year were $46,768, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction was initiated in May 1940 and the project was ready for beneficial use in March 1947. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $5,281,532, of which $4,771,050 was for new work and $510,482 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.-------. -- $215 -$4,165 - .. ... .. - - - .. -... $4,771,050 Cost---------------- 9,736 -----------........------------------------ 3,932 4,771,050 Maintenance: Appropriated------......--. 63,155 56,000 '$58, 500 $50,780 $46,700 510,635 Cost---------------- 60,492 58,206 57,963 53,752 46,768 510,482 14. NIMROD RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Nimrod Dam is located in Perry County, Ark., on the Fourche La Fave River, 62.6 miles above its confluence with Arkansas River, and about 19 miles southeast of Danville, Yell County, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Hot Springs, Ark., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Nimrod Reservoir extends westward from the dam into Yell County. Existing project. The project consists of a concrete gravity- FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 847 type dam 1,012 feet long and about 97 feet in height above the streambed. The dam consists of a spillway section 198 feet long located above the river channel, and 2 nonoverflow sections con- tiguous thereto and extending into the abutments. Seven gate- controlled conduits for regulating and discharging flood flows are located through the base of the spillway section. In addition, two smaller valve-controlled conduits are provided through the spill- way section for regulating low flows. Penstocks and provisions for future spillway gates have been installed to provide for future power generation. The reservoir, which is 1 unit of a comprehen- sive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Arkansas River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of 680 square miles, or about 60 percent of the entire drainage area of the Fourche La Fave River. It provides storage capacity of 307,000 acre-feet for flood control, and 29,000 acre-feet for recreational purposes and as a wildlife refuge, or a total of 336,000 acre-feet. The cost of the completed project is $3,117,342 for construction and $655,078 for lands and damages, totaling $3,772,420. The estimated cost (July 1956) of annual maintenance is $61,000, ex- clusive of major replacements. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Ordinary mainte- nance and operation were continued. Five notable rises occurred on the Fourche La Fave River during the fiscal year. Flooding was prevented on an average of about 2,125 acres of improved land for each rise. The results of flood regulation on river stages at Aplin are given in the following tabulation. Aplin is 13.7 miles downstream from the dam and just downstream from the mouth of South Fourche La Fave River which is the principal tributary. Nimrod Reservoir Aplin, Ark.' Outflow coincident Estimated with peak Maximum Corre- Experi- crest Peak inflow flow from pool eleva- sponding enced stage Estimated Date of (cubic feet uncon- tion (feet flood- crest without reduction peak inflow per second) trolled above mean control stage Nimrod in stage area (cubic sea level) storage (feet) Dam (feet) feet per (acre-feet) (feet) second) Jan. 29,1956 8,700 10 2 340.7 -4,420 29.7 31.4 1.7 Feb. 2,1956 11,900 10 350.7 44,260 28.5 31.2 2.7 Feb. 8,1956 5,300 10 350.3 41,320 20.9 25.5 4.6 Feb. 18,1956 17,800 10 352.9 59,340 27.2 31.2 4.0 Apr. 30,1956 4,100 210 345.8 15,910 16.0 19.8 3.8 1 Appreciable overflow begins at 17 feet. 2 Conservation pool being filled after having been lowered to el evation 330 feet above mean sea level as a measure in the contrul of rough fish. 848 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The pool elevation at the beginning of the fiscal year was 343.50 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 34,680 acre-feet of total storage. At the end of the fiscal year the pool elevation was 343.17 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 33,280 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool level during the fiscal year was 352.87 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 88,350 acre- feet of total storage. The conservation pool was lowered grad- ually during the warm months as an aid in the control of mosqui- toes. Beginning October 15, 1955, as a measure in the control of rough fish for the improvement of game fishery, the conserva- tion pool was lowered gradually to elevation 330.0 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 6,170 acre-feet of total storage. Re- filling of the conservation pool was completed February 1, 1956. Sufficient releases were made from the reservoir during low water periods to supply water requirements downstream. The costs during the fiscal year were $52,752, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction was initiated in January 1940 and the project was ready for beneficial use in January 1942. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,495,943, of which $3,772,420 was for new work and $723,523 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated_---------------- -$1,941 -C- - - - - - - $3,772,420 Cost-_----- ------ $17,585 4,352 -------------------------------- 3,772,420 Maintenance: Appropriated------...... . 60,400 41,000 $57,500 $62,050 $56,700 728,083 Cost----------------- 61,545 40,565 57,579 64,272 52,752 723,523 FLOOD CONTROL--LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 849 15. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance I i i 1. Black River, Poplar Bluff, Mo., to Knobel, Ark.: Arkansas portion_________________ 1941 $445,585 (1) Missouri portion 2- - _ -- 1953 138,730 $4,151,270 2. Carden's Bottom drainage district No. 2, Arkansas River, Ark_______ ______ 1951 919,955 -------------- (1) 3. Clarksville, Ark. _ __________ 1953 -------------- -------------- 268,000 4. Conway County drainage and levee district No. 1, Arkansas River, Ark.4_ (5) -------------- 250,000 5' Conway County levee districts Nos. 1, 2, and 8, Arkansas River, Ark______________ 1952 1,018,840 -------------- (1) 6. Conway County levee district No. 6, Arkan- sas River, Ark_____________________ 1952 390,952-------------- (1) 7. Crawford County levee district, Arkansas River, Ark_ . . _ . 1954 2,001,820 -------------- (1) 8. Faulkner County levee district No. 1, Arkan- sas River, Ark______________________ 1941 99,511 -------------- (1) 9. Fort Smith, Arkansas River, Ark_ ....... 1951 1,077,546-------------- (1) 10. From North Little Rock to Gillett, Ark. (above Plum Bayou)_____ 11. Holla Bend Bottom, Arkansas River, Ark. 12. Little Rock, Arkansas River, Ark .___ 4_ 1954 (6) 1951 845,300 883,277 -------------- -------------- (1) 344,000 (1) 13. McLean Bottom levee district No. 3, Arkan- sas River, Ark_______________________ 1950 422,549 (1) 14. Near Dardanelle, Arkansas River, Ark 1953 198,069 (1) 15. Newport, White River, Ark______________ 1941 314,276 (1) 16. Roland drainage district, Arkansas River, A rk . ................................... 1950 269,907 ------------ (1) 17. Skaggs Ferry, Black River, Ark________ 1941 81,023------------- (1) 18. South Bank Arkansas River, Little Rock to Pine Bluff, Ark.: Head of Fourche Island to Pennington Bayou__ 1954 1,358,151----------- (1) Tucker Lake_. .. . . . .. _ 1950 376,597---------- (1) Van Buren, Arkansas River, Ark .......... 1952 ----------- 438,222 (1) 19. Village Creek, White River and Mayberry 20. districts, Ark_ 7 1941 532,310 (1) 21. West of Morrilton, Arkansas River, Ark. __ 1953 ------------- 1,191,359 898,641 1 Completed. 2Inactive. Notice of expiration of authorization after 5 years was issued Oct. 1, 1952. Estimate based on July 1954 price levels. 3 To be restudied. Estimate based on July 1954 price levels. 4 Awaiting appropriation of funds for construction. Estimate based on July 1956 price levels. 6See H. Doec. 167, 82d Cong., 1st sess., for description of project. 6 See H. Doe. 157, 82d Cong., 1st sess., for description of project. 7 Inactive. Estimate based on July 1954 price levels. 16. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Approved regulations for operation and maintenance of flood- control works, part 208 of title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, provide for periodic inspection of completed projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. Inspections of the local flood-protection projects included under this heading were made during the fiscal year to determine the extent of compliance with approved regulations for maintenance and operation of these projects. Responsible officials of the im- provement districts concerned were advised of inadequacies in the maintenance and operation of the local flood-protection works under this jurisdiction where appropriate. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,023, all for maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $14,997, all for maintenance. 850 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-.....-. $2,500 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 $3,000 $15,000 Cost _______.. - ___.- 2,449 2,098 2,660 2,974 3,023 14,997 17. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation). Under this heading the cost of all work accomplished during the fiscal year amounted to $4,984. The work consisted of planning and awarding of a contract for relocation of a damaged drainage structure in the From North Little Rock to Gillett, Ark., project near Pine Bluff, Ark., and preparation of flood-emergency manual, flood-emergency exercises, and inspection of non-Federal flood- control works. The drainage structure costs were $1,284 and the cost of the other work was $3,700. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: ... Appropriated__ _ $16,000 ... _____. $48,117 _______________________ 1 $154,590 Cost 7,098 ___________ 48,117 ___________ ___________ ........ 1154,590 Maintenance: Appropriated.. _ _ __ 112, 509 $11,364 -78, 309 - $13,299 497,399 Cost_ 20,625 19,965 12,345- - - - - -4,984 478,738 1 Excludes contributed funds in the amount of $74, 535. 18. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs during the fiscal year were $4,448, of which $97 was for navigation studies, $1,329 was for flood-control studies and $3,022 was for special studies. The balance unexpended June 30, 1956, including accounts re- ceivable, $1,285, will be applied during the fiscal year 1957 to pay- ment of outstanding liabilities and other expenses to be incurred under this heading. Additional funds in the amount of $8,900 can be profitably ex- pended during the fiscal year 1957 for investigations. 19. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Ninety-six stream-gaging stations were operated during the fiscal year, 38 of which were operated cooperatively by the United States Geological Survey and the Corps of Engineers, and the re- mainder independently by one or the other of these agencies. Suspended sediment samples were collected at 40 stations during GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 851 the fiscal year in cooperation with the United States Geological Survey and suspended loads were determined at certain stations. Approximately 120 rainfall and/or river reporting stations were operated in a cooperative program by the United States Weather Bureau and the Corps of Engineers for use in forecasting stream- flow for flood warning and operation of reservoir projects. Rec- ords also were collected at certain hydroclimatic rainfall stations under a cooperative program of the two agencies. One storm study was completed and one storm study and general hydrologic studies relating to streamflow frequency and distribution were continued. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,461, of which $692 was for storm studies and $2,769 was for hydrologic studies. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT The district comprises southern Kansas, small portions of south- western Missouri and west Arkansas, northern Oklahoma, the northern portion of the Texas Panhandle, and small portions of northeastern New Mexico and southeastern Colorado, embraced in the drainage basin of the Arkansas River, and its tributaries above the mouth of the Poteau River, inclusive, and below the mouth of Walnut Creek near Great Bend, Kans., exclusive of that portion of the watershed of the South Canadian River and its tributaries west of the Texas-New Mexico State line; and a portion of western Arkansas, the northern portion of the State of Texas, and the southern portion of the State of Oklahoma embraced in the drain- age basin of the Red River and its tributaries above Fulton, Ark. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Arkansas River and tributar- 17. Carthage, Mo_ _ 872 ies, Arkansas and Oklahoma_ 854 18. Pensacola Reservoir, Arkansas 2. Other authorized navigation River Basin, Okla 873 projects__ 854 19. Markham Ferry Reservoir, Ar- kansas River Basin, Okla _ 874 20. Fort Gibson Reservoir, Arkan- Flood Control sas River Basin, Okla..._.. 875 21. Tenkiller Ferry Reservoir, Ar- 3. Hutchinson, Arkansas River, kansas River Basin, Okla _- 877 Kans_----------------- 854 22. Eufaula Reservoir, Canadian 4. Wichita and Valley Center, River, Okla__ 879 Arkansas River, Kans ..... 855 23. Wister Reservoir, Arkansas 5. Enid, Okla_______ ____ 857 River Basin, Okla- 880 6. Fort Supply Reservoir, North 24. Arkansas River Basin, Tulsa Canadian River, Okla ..... 858 District -- 881 7. Canton Reservoir, Arkansas 25. Denison Dam (Lake Texoma) River Basin, Okla _...... 859 Red River, Tex. and Okla _ 883 8. Oklahoma City Floodway, 26. Red River below Denison North Canadian River, Dam, Tulsa District ...... 885 Okla- - _-- - -- 861 27. Brown Creek, Red River Basin, 9. Great Salt Plains Reservoir, Okla _ _ 886 Salt Fork of Arkansas River, 28. Walnut Bayou, Red River Okla-_ 862 Basin, Ark_ . 887 10. Keystone Reservoir, Arkansas 29. Other authorized flood-control River, Okla __ 863 projects ___ 887 11. Polecat Creek, Okla. (Hey- 30. Inspection of completed flood- burn Reservoir and channel control works- 889 improvements) _ 864 31. Flood-control work under spe- 12. Fall River Reservoir, Arkansas cial authorizations ........ 889 River Basin, Kans ........ 866 32. Scheduling of flood-control res- 13. Toronto Reservoir, Arkansas ervoir operations_ 890 River Basin, Kans ........ 867 14. Oologah Reservoir, Arkansas General Investigations River Basin, Okla_ 868 15. Hulah Reservoir, Caney River, 33. Examinations and surveys_.. 890 O kla_- - - - - - - - - - 870 34. Research and development,.... 890 16. Strawn Reservoir, Grand (Neo- sho) River Basin, Kans .... 871 853 854 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1. ARKANSAS RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARKANSAS AND OKLAHOMA A consolidated report on this project for the Vicksburg, Little Rock, and Tulsa Districts, submitted by the Little Rock District, Southwestern Division, is on page 819. 2 OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual quired to Report Operation complete for- Construction and mainte- nance 1. Red River from Fulton, Ark., to mouth of Washita River, Okla.' __ - 1924 $378,574 $182,157 (2) 1 Curtailment of project is recommended in H. Doec. 947, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 2Maintenance only. 3. HUTCHINSON, ARKANSAS RIVER, KANS. Location. The project is located on the Arkansas River and Cow Creek, a tributary of the Arkansas River, in the immediate vicinity of Hutchinson, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Lyons and Hutchinson, Kan., quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The project provides for a diversion channel and a system of levees to protect the city of Hutchinson, Kans., and vicinity from floodwaters of Arkansas River and Cow Creek, starting at river mile 817 on the Arkansas River and extending about 9 miles upstream. The plan of improvement consists of a 300-foot-wide leveed diversion canal approximately 1 mile west of the city limits of Hutchinson, intercepting Cow Creek at mile 14.9 above its mouth and carrying floodwaters from the creek south for about 2 miles to enter the Arkansas River upstream from Hutchin- son. The levee on the left bank of the diversion canal starts at the hills about 41/2 miles north of the canal to intercept all of Cow Creek floodwaters. The combined flow of the creek and the river is confined past the city by levees on both sides of the river, form- ing a 1,000-foot floodway. The flanking levee on the left bank of the Arkansas River has an opening at about mile 821 at the mouth of the present Harsha drainage canal. Protection against back- water of the Arkansas River up the existing canal is provided by increasing the height of the existing levees. Additional protec- tion is provided to a rural area west of the diversion canal by a loop levee, and to the urban area of the Island Park sub-division, northwest of Hutchinson, by a ring levee. The flanking levee on the right bank of the Arkansas River, which protects the town of South Hutchinson, starts at mile 822.3 above the mouth of the river and extends downstream to mile 818.5. The Federal costs were $3,497,718 and the estimated non-Federal cost is $2,274,000. FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 855 The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Resolutions by the city of Hutchinson, agreeing to meet the requirements, were submitted by the city under the dates of March 16 and 30, 1945, and were approved by the Secretary of War on July 4, 1945. The City of Hutchinson accepted the completed project for operation and maintenance on September 30, 1955. Operations and results during fiscal year. Final action was taken to transfer the project to the City of Hutchinson for opera- tion. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated in April 1952 and the project completed for beneficial use in Novem- ber 1954. No additional new work is scheduled for this project. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $3,497,718, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-....... $1,900,000 $1,393,000 $447,000 -$517,267 -$5,015 $3,497,718 - Cost_-- .-.--.----- 45,815 1,300,201 1,714,818 189,367 -5,015 3,497,718 4. WICHITA AND VALLEY CENTER, ARKANSAS RIVER, KANS. Location. The project is located on the Arkansas River, and Little Arkansas River and Chisholm Creek, tributaries of the Arkansas River, in the immediate vicinity of Wichita and Valley Center, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Wichita, Kans., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The project provides for a diversion channel and a system of levees to prevent flooding in the cities of Wichita and Valley Center, Kans., and environs, starting at a point 760 miles above the mouth of the Arkansas River and extending up- stream about 33 miles. Under the plan Little Arkansas River will be diverted into the Arkansas River by means of a floodway begin- ning at a point about 2 miles northwest of Valley Center and ex- tending southward to the Arkansas River (at river mile 785.7) about 9 miles northwest of Wichita. The flows of Chisholm Creek and its middle and west branch tributaries will be collected by a system of levees and channels north of Wichita and diverted across the Little Arkansas River into the Arkansas River (at mile 780). The combined flows of the Little Arkansas River, Chisholm Creek, and Arkansas River will be confined and diverted to the west of the city by a floodway, with existing stream channels being utilized to carry floodflows to the limit of their capacity. This bypass floodway will begin at a point about 3.1 miles downstream from the Kansas State Highway 96 river crossing and will provide a channel having a normal bottom width of 80 feet and an average 856 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 depth of 10.9 feet. Levees flanking the floodway will, in general, be spaced 900 feet center to center with an average height of 8.5 feet and a crown width of 8 feet or more. From the Arkansas River the floodway would extend southwest 2 miles to intercept Big Slough, along Big Slough for 5 miles, thence south and south- east 3 miles to intercept Cowskin Creek, along Cowskin Creek for 2 miles, thence east, and southeast about 5 miles entering the Arkansas River approximately 1 mile northwest of Derby, Kans. (at river mile 760). Existing levees and drainage canals previ- ously constructed by local interests, are being enlarged, strength- ened, or rectified as required. The completed system with 5 con- trol structures will provide about 91.2 miles of levee. The estimated Federal cost (July 1956) is $11,900,000 and the estimated non-Federal cost is $6,580,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. The city of Wichita has furnished assur- ances of local cooperation for the entire project which were ap- proved by the Secretary of War on February 25, 1946. Right of entry has been granted for the entire project except in the Chis- holm Creek area. Acquisition of the rights-of-way for this re- maining portion of the project is under way by local interests. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Construction of the project was continued from 47 percent completion to 61 per- cent completion, by contract. The work accomplished consisted of completion of construction and strengthening Riverside Levee which flanks the Arkansas River south of the city, completion of Big Slough-Cowskin Floodway except for final opening excavation at upper end of floodway and final stabilization of floodway chan- nel. In addition, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad bridges and approaches across Big Slough-Cowskin Floodway were completed and Missouri Pacific Railroad bridges and ap- proaches across that floodway were essentially completed. Con- struction was started February 11, 1956, on the first segment of Little Arkansas River Floodway diversion canal northwest of the city and continued to 66 percent completion. All of the above work was by contract. Negotiations were completed with rail- road companies whose facilities will be affected, and engineering and design studies in connection with preparation of contract plans and specifications for completion of the project were con- tinued, all by hired labor. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $1,390,319. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction by contract for clearing, snagging, widening, and otherwise improving the exist- ing East Branch interception canal and Wichita drainage canal was initiated in May 1950 and completed in August 1950. This portion of the project was transferred to the city of Wichita, Kans., on February 7, 1951, for future maintenance and operation. Construction was started in June 1950 on the Big Slough-Cowskin Floodway, the largest single feature of the project. Work on FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 857 this single feature including the required relocations is nearing completion. In February 1956, construction was started, by contract, on the Little Arkansas River Floodway and this work continues. The project as a whole is 61 percent complete. In general, the work required to complete the project, in addition to Big Slough-Cowskin Floodway and Little River Floodway, con- sists of construction of the Chisholm Creek diversion canal and entraining levees. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $7,541,231. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .....-------- $500,000 $1,990,000 $1,100,000 $1,800,000 $2,200,000 $9,753,000 Cost_ - -- - 149,499 2,018,849 1,780,731 1,333,093 1,390,319 7,541,231 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -____ $1, 006, 901 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____-____ -__ 1,163, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---------------------------- _ 2, 166, 901 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________ 1, 384, 000 5. ENID, OKLA. Location. The project is located in Garfield County, Okla., on Boggy Creek, a tributary of Cimarron River, in Arkansas River Basin. Existing propect. The plan of improvement consists of a diver- sion channel, levees, and appurtenant structures to direct flows of Boggy Creek around the west and south sides of the city of Enid, Okla., into South Boggy Creek. The estimated Federal cost (July 1956) is $1,050,000, and the estimated non-Federal cost is $356,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. (See H. Doc. 185, 83d Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Conditions of local cooperation imposed by law at the time of the adoption of the project are (a) provide with- out cost to the United States, all lands, easements and rights-of- way for the construction of the project, and bear the cost of all alterations and relocations except railroads; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (c) maintain and operate all the works after completion in accord- ance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests are also required to contribute a proportionate share of the cost for construction of the drop structure across U. S. No. 81, and to furnish assurances that the flood-carrying capacity of the existing stream channels and of the improved waterway would be maintained. 858 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operation and results during the fiscal year. The District En- gineer met with local interests on August 24, 1955, to present the plans of improvement considered within the scope of the authorized project. Representatives of the city were asked to consider the data presented and advise of their willingness to reaffirm resolu- tions of local cooperation previously presented. Subsequent to that meeting, considerable correspondence with the city manager of Enid ensued. At the present time, no part of the requirements of local interests has been met and there are no indications as to the willingness of the City to proceed with the Enid project in the near future. Planning on the project was initiated but discontinued in Octo- ber 1955 when it became apparent that assurance of local coopera- tion would not be met. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $3,378. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preparation of engineering design memoranda has been initiated and preconstruction plan- ning work is about 5 percent complete. Further work is dependent upon assurances of local cooperation. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $3,378. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated..... ... ..------------------------------------------------ $3,378 $3,378 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------ 3,378 3,378 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________ ___ $1,046, 622 6. FORT SUPPLY RESERVOIR, NORTH CANADIAN RIVER, OKLA. Location. Fort Supply Reservoir is located on Wolf Creek, a tributary of the North Canadian River, about 12 miles northwest of Woodward, Woodward County, Okla. (See sectional aeronauti- cal chart, Wichita sheet, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of 11,865 feet, rising 85 feet above the streambed, the reservoir providing for storage of 92,700 acre-feet for flood control and 13,400 acre- feet for a permanent pool for recreation and preservation of wild- life, or a total storage capacity of 106,100 acre-feet. The outlet works, consisting of a semielliptical conduit controlled by three 71/2- by 16-foot vertical-lift gates, and a stilling basin, are located in the left abutment. A concrete chute-type spillway, 540 feet long, controlled by a concrete weir at the upstream end, provides for the passage of floodflows around the left end of the dam. The reservoir controls 1,735 square miles, or practically the entire FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 859 drainage area of Wolf Creek, and is operated as a unit of the co- ordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The costs were $7,232,649 for construction and $245,000 for lands and damages, a total of $7,477,649. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $69,000 (July 1956). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. All structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition through- out the year, by hired labor. The pool elevation at the beginning of the fiscal year was 2,004 feet above mean sea level, and the ele- vation at the end of the fiscal year was 2,002 feet. The maximum pool elevation during the fiscal year was 2,004 feet. The costs during the fiscal year were $55,239 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is complete. Mobilization for construction was started in March 1938. After a construction camp had been built, actual work on the dam was started during October 1938, by contract. Four years later, the project was placed in operation. However, after the temporary office building had deteriorated, the last item of construction, consisting of erection of a prefabricated steel main- tenance building, was completed on March 31, 1952, by hired labor. No additional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $7,477,649, of which $7,390,611 was from regular funds and $87,038 was from emergency relief funds. The total cost accrued for maintenance was $664,909, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: -$2,275 Appropriated ...------- _ -$76---------------------------- 1 $7,477,649 Cost----------------- _ 22,888 -76 ---------------------------------- 17,477,649 Maintenance: Appropriated _. 55,371 44,600 $49,200 $59,977 $56,000 665,548 Cost----------------- 56,776 47,532 50,799 60,442 55,239 664,909 1 Includes $87,038 emergency relief funds. 7. CANTON RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. Canton Reservoir is located on the North Canadian River about 394 miles above its mouth and about 3 miles north of Canton, Blaine County, Okla. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Wichita sheet, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of 15,100 feet, rising 73 feet above the riverbed, with a reservoir providing 860 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 for the storage of 240,000 acre-feet for flood control, 107,000 acre- feet for conservation of water, and the remaining 43,800 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve, or a total storage capacity of 390,800 acre-feet. Of the conservation storage, 69,000 acre-feet is allo- cated for future irrigation and 38,000 acre-feet is allocated for future municipal water supply. The outlet works consist of three 7- by 12-foot gated sluices through the spillway weir. A concrete spillway, controlled by sixteen 40- by 25-foot gates on the weir crest, provides for the passage of floodflows around the right end of the dam. The reservoir controls 12,483 square miles, and is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The costs were $9,607,622 for construction and $719,953 for lands and damages, a total of $10,327,575. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $103,000 (July 1956). Authorizations for the project are listed below: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports Flood Control Act June 28, 1938__ Construction of dam and appur- H. Doc. 569, 75th Cong., 3d sess. tenant facilities. Flood Control Act July 24, 1946__ Irrigation storage in the reservoir_ In accordance with sec. 8 of Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944. Flood Control Act June 30, 1948_- Water supply storage in the res- In accordance with sec. 6 of Flood ervoir. Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. All structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year by hired labor. A water-storage contract was nego- tiated with Oklahoma City, Okla., under which that city will pay the United States Treasury $52,150 annually, beginning June 13, 1955. The pool elevation at the beginning of the fiscal year was 1,615 feet above mean sea level, and the elevation at the end of the fiscal year was 1,611 feet. The maximum pool elevation during the year was 1,615 feet. The costs during the fiscal year were $76,479, all for mainte- nance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Actual construction work on the dam was initiated in December 1940, and impoundment was commenced April 15, 1948. Construction of administration and maintenance building, the last item of project construction, was completed in December 1953, by contract. The total costs accrued to the end of the fiscal year were $10,327,- 575 for new work and $701,801 for maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 861 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------...... ......-----------. $59,600 ---------.....------------------------ $10,327,575 Cost----------------- $2,619 2,483 $58,517 -_ ..----------------------- 10,327,575 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ 76,347 102,206 83,800 $94,320 $78,200 703,673 Cost --- 85,809 91,213 95,666 94,942 76,479 701,801 8. OKLAHOMA CITY FLOODWAY, NORTH CANADIAN RIVER, OKLA. Location. The project is located on the North Canadian River at Oklahoma City, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, Chick- asha, Okla., quadrangle, scale, 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an en- larged and straightened channel through the city, designed to carry 45,000 cubic feet per second. The improvement will be about 13.4 miles in length, beginning about 1 miles upstream from South May Avenue (river mile 273.7) and extending to the vicinity of Spencer, Okla. (river mile 257.5). The major part of the improve- ment will be about 13 feet deep and will have a bottom width of 425 feet. The side slopes will be lined with stone. Natural drainage ways will be modified to drain into the canal by the con- struction of 15 lateral drainage ditches. Excavated material will be placed in old channel and low areas. The estimated Federal cost (July 1956) is $8,700,000 and the non-Federal cost is $7,020,000.. The project, as authorized by the Flood Control Act of July 24, 1946, was modified by the Flood Control Act, approved May 17, 1950, to provide for construction in accordance with the canal plan described above. Local cooperation. The city of Oklahoma has furnished assur- ances of local cooperation and rights-of-entry has been granted for the entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction on the second segment of the floodway (vicinity of Robinson Avenue to 4th Street) was continued to completion on July 11, 1955, and construction on the third segment of the floodway (vicinity of Western Avenue to Robinson Avenue) was continued to com- pletion on December 17, 1955, by contract. On March 17, 1956, construction was begun on the fourth segment of the floodway (vicinity of Robinson Avenue to upper limits of the project) and continued to 10 percent completion, by continuing contract. In addition, work was continued on all railroad facilities requiring alteration or relocation due to construction of the floodway. Prog- ress on this work at the end of the fiscal year amounted to 54 per- cent completion; a gain of 45 percent during the fiscal year. The cost during the fiscal year was $2,023,714, all for new work. 862 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project as a whole is 61 percent complete. Railroad relocation work initi- ated January 5, 1955, is 54 percent complete and floodway chan- nel work initiated January 29, 1953, is 62 percent complete. This work has been accomplished under 15 separate contracts. In general, the work required to complete the project covers certain gaps where work is held in abeyance pending completion of bridge crossings, certain drainage laterals downstream from Robinson Avenue, completion of the fourth segment of the floodway up- stream from Robinson Avenue and completion of railroad ap- proaches and bridge crossings. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $5,502,816, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---- _-----_- $796,000 $1,500,000 $1,650,000 $2,260,000 $6,590,000 Cost- -__---------- $8,249 372,417 1,388,408 1,451,125 2,023,714 5,502,816 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ..... $49, 668 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _______ _________ 2,000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-_ 2, 049, 668 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __ 410, 000 9. GREAT SALT PLAINS RESERVOIR, SALT FORK OF ARKANSAS RIVER, OKLA. Location. Great Salt Plains Reservoir is located on the Salt Fork of the Arkansas River 103.3 miles above its mouth, and about 12 miles east of Cherokee, Alfalfa County, Okla. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Wichita sheet, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earth- fill dam and concrete spillway 6,010 feet long, rising 72 feet above the riverbed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 245,300 acre-feet for flood control and 46,700 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve, recreation, and preservation of wildlife, or a total storage capacity of 292,000 acre-feet. A concrete cascade-type spillway 310 feet wide, containing 3 gravity-type concrete weirs, provides for the passage of floodflows around the right end of the dam into the river valley below. The outlet works consist of 4 ungated 10- by 12-foot conduits through the center section of the upper weir. The reservoir controls 3,200 square miles, and is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkan- sas River Basin. The costs were $4,109,831 for construction and $488,800 for lands and damages, a total of $4,598,631. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $62,000 (July 1956). FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 863 The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the year, by hired labor. In order to improve the stagnant conditions in the stream down- stream from the dam, special releases were made on August 23, 1955, and on May 8 and 9, 1956. The cost for maintenance during the fiscal year was $42,939. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is complete. Mobilization for construction was started in May 1938. After a construction camp had been built, actual construction work on the dam was initiated in September 1938. The project was placed in operation during July 1941. No addi- tional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $4,598,631, of which $4,573,887 was from regular funds and $24,744 was from emergency relief funds. The total cost of main- tenance was $677,345, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------------ -$3,317 --------- ------------ ------------ 1$4,598,631 Cost...----------------- $278 ------- ----------------------------------- 4,598, 631 Maintenance: Appropriated-..... 38,599 50,994 $46,700 $48,500 $43,000 678,093 Cost----------------- 51,121 49,070 49,784 47,941 42,939 677,345 1 Includes $24,744 emergency relief funds. 10. KEYSTONE RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER, OKLA. Location. Keystone Dam is located on the main stem of the Arkansas River about 539 miles above its mouth, and about 2 miles downstream from the mouth of the Cimarron River near Keystone, Okla., and about 15 miles west of Tulsa, Okla. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey map for Hominy, Okla., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000, Skedee and Yale, Okla., quadrangles, scale 1: 62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earth- fill dam and an integral gate-controlled concrete spillway of a total length of 4,570 feet and rising 121 feet above the streambed. The dam, which will form a reservoir with a total storage capacity of 1,879,000 acre-feet, includes provision in the structure for future installation of power facilities. Under an initial plan of operation 1,414,000 acre-feet of the storage is allocated for flood control and 465,000 acre-feet is set aside for conservation, water supply, and sedimentation reserve. The reservoir has a drainage area of 864 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 74,506 square miles and will be operated as a unit of the compre- hensive plan for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The estimated costs (July 1956) are $44,124,700 for construction and $92,875,300 for lands and damages, a total of $137,000.000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 107, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Modification of the above plan to include the power aspects of the project authorization for operation of the reservoir as a unit in the multiple-purpose plan for Arkansas River and tributaries could be accomplished by addition of a powerhouse and attendant generat- ing facilities at an increased cost (July 1955) of $15,000,000; how- ever, under present criteria power is not justified at this time. The project would also serve as a unit of the authorized navigation plan for Arkansas River by retention of sediment in the reservoir. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of en- gineering design memoranda was continued, by hired labor. The cost for new work during the fiscal year was $41,239. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering studies and investi- gations required prior to initiation of construction contract plans and specifications are essentially complete. Engineering design memoranda have been prepared for site selection, hydrology, economic studies, and general design. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $689,219. This amount includes the sum of $214,000 expended on the previously authorized Mannford Reservoir, replaced by Key- stone Reservoir authorized by the 1950 Flood Control Act. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated -.. _... $150,000 $161,000 $126,297 ....--- - $150,000 $801,297 Cost_. - - 77,966 208,273 129,037 $18,703 41,239 689,219 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ $112, 078 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - - ------------- 1,500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_______ -_____ 1, 612, 078 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ____________________ 134, 698, 703 11. POLECAT CREEK, OKLA. (HEYBURN RESERVOIR AND CHANNEL IMPROVEMENTS) Location. Polecat Creek is a minor tributary to the Arkansas River near Sapulpa, Creek County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Nuyaka, Hominy, and Claremore, Okla., quad- rangles, scale 1: 125,000.) FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 865 Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for flood protection in the Polecat Creek Valley by means of a reservoir at mile 48.6, near Heyburn, Okla., which controls 123 square miles and channel improvements at Sapulpa on Rock Creek, its major tributary, and on Polecat Creek below the mouth of Rock Creek. The Heyburn Dam is an earthfill structure 2,920 feet long and rising 89 feet above the streambed with the reservoir providing a storage capacity of 49,500 acre-feet for flood control and 10,200 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve, recreation and preservation of wildlife, a total of 59,700 acre-feet. Outlet works consist of an un- controlled circular drop inlet conduit. An uncontrolled saddle spillway, located about 1,000 feet west of the right abutment, pro- vides for the passage of floodflows into the river below. The chan- nel of Rock Creek from mile 4.4 to the mouth has been cleared by removal of debris and about 1.3 miles of this length is deepened. The channel of Polecat Creek is cleared from the mouth of Rock Creek, mile 21.2 to the Arkansas River. The Federal costs were $1,758,900 for construction, including $135,300 for construction of channel improvement on Polecat and Rock Creeks, and $615,200 for lands and damages in the Hey- burn Reservoir area, a total of $2,374,100. The estimated non- Federal costs were $113,000. The estimated cost of annual main- tenance is $40,000 (July 1956). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946 (see H. Doc. No. 290, 80th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. All completed struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. Special releases total- ing 114 acre-feet were made from the reservoir during April and May 1956 in order that the water could be diverted by means of pump and pipeline from a point downstream to the towns of Mounds and Keifer when their water supply became critically low. The costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $31,598. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam, by contract, was started March 9, 1948, and completed in October 1950. Embankment closure was completed in June 1950, and the pool was filled to conservation level by March 1951. Channel improvements below the reservoir were completed September 24, 1952. No additional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project. The total costs accrued to the end of the fiscal year were $2,374,- 100 for new work and $195,376 for maintenance. 866 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- ---------- -$50,900 ---------------------------------- $2,374,100 Cost ---------------- $66,682 28,169 $507 ------------------------ 2,374,100 Maintenance: Appropriated ......- . 36,801 30,400 37, 700 $34,820 $32,200 195,921 Cost----------------- 34,993 34,164 37,716 34,979 31,598 195,376 12. FALL RIVER RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. Fall River Dam is located on the Fall River about 54 miles above its confluence with the Verdigris River and about 4 miles northwest of Fall River, Greenwood County, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Eureka, Kans., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of about 6,015 feet and rising 94 feet above the streambed with a reservoir providing for the storage of 236,000 acre-feet for flood control and 27,000 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abatement, sedimenta- tion reserve, recreation, and preservation of wildlife, a total of 263,000 acre-feet. A concrete channel spillway, controlled by eight 50- by 25-foot gates on the weir crest, provides for passage of floodflows into the river valley below. The outlet works consist of seven 5- by 8.5-foot gated sluices through the spillway weir. The reservoir which controls 585 square miles is operated as a unit of the comprehensive reservoir system for flood control in the Arkan- sas River Basin. The costs were $8,505,261 for construction and $1,949,500 for lands and damages, a total of $10,454,761. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $92,000 (July 1956). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 440, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. All project structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition through- out the year, by hired labor. Releases for water supply and pollution abatement were made from the reservoir on 327 days during the year. These releases totaled 9,475 acre-feet. The costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $64,644. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam, by contract, was started on May 9, 1946, and embankment closure was completed May 30, 1949. The conservation pool was filled by June 9, 1949, and dedication ceremonies were held September 5, 1949. No additional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 867 The total costs accrued to the end of the fiscal year were $10,- 454,761 for new work and $514,950 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: --------- Appropriated--------........ -$5,239 - - .- -. ...... $10,454,761 Cost---------------- $8,507 -2,384 ---------- .. .....------------------------ 10,454,761 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- 77,583 66,300 $73,200 $69,163 $66,000 517,246 Cost ----------------- 81,951 66,839 73,671 70,337 64,644 514,950 13. TORONTO RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. The Toronto Dam site is located on the Verdigris River about 271.5 miles above its mouth and 4 miles south and east of Toronto, Woodson County, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Fredonia, Kans., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for an earthfill dam about 4,583 feet long, with maximum height of 90 feet above the streambed. The spillway and control works will be combined in a concrete structure located near the right abutment of the dam. The reservoir will have a total capacity of 195,000 acre-feet, of which 171,000 acre-feet will be for flood control and 24,000 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abatement, sedimenta- tion reserve, recreation, and preservation of fish and wildlife. The reservoir which will control 730 square miles will be operated as a unit of the comprehensive reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River basin. The estimated costs (July 1956) are $7,311,500 for construction and $8,288,500 for lands and damages, a total of $15,600,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 440, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. First stage construc- tion on the dam consisting of rough excavation for the spillway and initial embankment was continued from 62 percent to 100 percent completion on November 9, 1955, by continuing contract. Construction of project administration and maintenance building was continued from 21 percent to 100 percent completion on March 29, 1956, by continuing contract. Acquisition of lands and rights- of-way was continued by hired labor. On May 1, 1956, work was started by contract on the largest single contract feature of the project. This contract covers completion of the main dam em- bankment and construction of the spillway and at the end of the fiscal year this work was 2 percent complete. Negotiations, by hired labor, were continued with owners of railroad, highway, pipeline, and telephone facilities requiring alteration or relocation due to construction of the reservoir, 868 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The cost during the fiscal year was $1,464,452, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project which started November 23, 1954, was continued to 14 percent com- pletion. Construction of the second phase of main dam embank- ment and spillway is under way by continuing contract. Land acquisition for the entire reservoir is about 40 percent complete. In general, the work remaining to complete the project, other than completion of the main dam, consists of acquisition of lands and rights-of-way for relocation of railroad, highway, pipeline, and telephone facilities and clearing in the reservoir pool. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $2,236,413, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $122,100 $25,000 -$61, 500 $500,000 $2,800,000 $3,645,600 Cost-------... ..-.- 169,877 25,012 5,593 431,965 1,464,452 2,236,413 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .__-_ $269, 750 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------------- 4, 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ --- ______ _ 4, 769, 750 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-______ 7, 854, 400 14. OOLOGAH RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. Oologah Reservoir is located on the Verdigris River 90 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River and about 10 miles northwest of Claremore, Rogers County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Claremore and Nowata, Okla., quad- rangles scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of an earthfill dam 4,100 feet long and rising 129 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir would provide for 950,000 acre-feet for flood-control storage, 46,600 acre-feet for water sup- ply and 24,400 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve, a total of 1,021,000 acre-feet. Two gated concrete conduits will be con- structed through the embankment to form the outlet works. An off-channel uncontrolled saddle spillway about 2 miles east of the left abutment would provide for passage of floodwater into the valley below the dam. The reservoir, which will control 4,339 square miles, will be operated as a unit in the comprehensive plan of development of the Arkansas River Basin. The estimated costs (July 1956) for the initial development are $10,060,300 for construction and $21,339,700 for lands and dam- ages, a total of $31,400,000. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 869 The above plan of improvement is adaptable for future modifi- cation to include additional storage by construction of a gated spillway, a dike east of the spillway, and additional reservoir clearing. Based on July 1956, estimates, the provision of addi- tional storage would increase the cost of the project by $4,700,000. Authorizations for the project are listed below: Acts Work authorized Documents Flood Control Act, June 28, Construction of a flood-control res- House of Representatives com- 1938. ervoir. mittee Doc. No. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess. River and Harbor Act, July 24, Installation of hydroelectric power H. Doc. No. 758, 79th Cong., 1946.1 facilities. 2d sess. 1 The hydroelectric power features are considered inactive, because under present criteria power is not justified at this time and they are therefore excluded from the present plan of improvement. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. On December 21, 1955, construction of the project was resumed when contractor started work on clearing of the dam site. This clearing was com- pleted during January 1956 and on March 26, 1956, first stage con- struction was started on the main dam embankment and excava- tion for outlet works, by continuing contract. At the end of the fiscal year this contract on the dam was 21 percent complete. Work was also started during April 1956 on construction of the project administration and maintenance building and continued to 9 percent completion by continuing contract. Hired labor opera- tions during the fiscal year consisted of engineering studies and preparation of contract plans and specifications, continued ac- quisition of certain lands and rights-of-way, and negotiations with owners of highways, railroads, and pipeline facilities. The cost accrued during the fiscal year was $502,459, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. After the dam site had been acquired and an access road constructed, the project was placed in a standby status during October 1951 in view of the intent of the Civil Functions Appropriation Act of 1952. Construction of the project was resumed in December 1955. Construction of first phase of the main dam and project buildings are under way, negotiations with highway, railroad, and pipeline owners are in progress, and preparation of contract plans and specifications for construction of east access road excavation for spillway are essen- tially complete, while contract plans for the second phase of the main dam embankment and outlet works are under way. Con- sidering the project as a whole, about 3 percent of all required work has been accomplished. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $896,769. 870 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total t Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- _ I _. --- -_ -$79,190 $5,000 $1,000,000 $1,396,810 Cost--------_ 720 -$345 . .$2, ___ _ 2,500 502,459 896,769 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----- $88, 680 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ______-____________ ___-_______ 4, 000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __ _______ _ ____- _ 4,088, 680 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for ------------------------ completion of existing project_ 26,003,190 15. HULAH RESERVOIR, CANEY RIVER, OKLA. Location. The Hulah Dam is located on Caney River 96 miles above its confluence with the Verdigris River and is about 15 miles northwest of Bartlesville, near Hulah, Osage County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Pawhuska, Okla., and Sedan, Kans.; quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of 5,200 feet rising 94 feet above the river bed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 265,000 acre-feet for flood control and 30,000 acre- feet for conservation, sedimentation reserve, recreation, and pre- servation of wildlife, a total of 295,00 acre-feet. A concrete chan- nel spillway, controlled by ten 40- by 25-foot gates on the weir crest, provides for the passage of floodflows over the dam into the river valley below. The reservoir, which controls 732 square miles, is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The costs were $7,908,892 for construction and $2,988,800 for lands and damages, a total of $10,897,692. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $84,000 (July 1956). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong.,l1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. All project struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition. Releases for water supply and: pollution abatement purposes were made from this reservoir on 356 days of the year. These re- leases totaled 10,490 acre-feet. The costs during the fiscal year were $55,109 for maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The dam was constructed under a two-phase program. Construction of the embankment and excavation for the spillway was started May 5, 1946, and completed in August 1947. The second stage, consisting of the embankment FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 871 closure section and completion of spillway was started April 5, 1948, and completed in June 1950. Impoundment to conserva- tion pool level was attained by September 1951. No additional new work is presently scheduled for this project. The total costs accrued to the end of the fiscal year were $10,897,- 692 for new work and $342,915 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ... -$222, 839 -$102,300 $3,100 -$2, 108 . $10,897,692 Cost_____ _______ 157,690 -43,489 23,120 1,238 ____------- 10,897,692 Maintenance: Appropriated-- -____ 61,584 55,500 63,900 65,040 $55,800 343,824 - Cost _________--- _ 68,089 56,673 64,309 65,041 55,109 342,915 16. STRAWN RESERVOIR, GRAND (NEOSHO) RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. Strawn Dam is located on the Grand (Neosho) River about 343.7 miles above its mouth and two miles northwest of Burlington, Coffey County, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Burlington and Emporia, Kan., quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway. The total length of the structure including embankment, spillway, bulk- heads, and approximately 2,700 feet of railroad fill at the right abutment, would be about 21,400 feet. The embankment would have a maximum height of about 79 feet above the streambed. The reservoir will have a total capacity of 387,900 acre-feet, of which 320,600 acre-feet will be for flood control and 67,300 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abatement, sediment reserve, recreation, and preservation of fish and wildlife. The reservoir, which will control 3,015 square miles, will be operated as a unit of the reser- voir system for flood control in the Grand (Neosho) River Basin. The estimated costs (July 1956) are $13,959,000 for construction and $17,041,000 for lands and damages, a total of $31,000,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 442, 80th Cong., 2d Sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering studies were continued and a design memorandum on site selection studies was completed. The costs during the fiscal year were $23,181 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. General design studies have been made for a project at the Strawn site and site-selection studies completed for a dam at the Burlington site. A project at the Burlington site has been approved. 872 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total costs to the end of the fiscal year are $288,181, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated - ----- $250,000 $10,000 $5,000 $25, 000 $290, 000 Cost - - -- 197,958 62,042 5,000-------------- 23,181 288,181 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -____ $1, 819 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _______ ______________________ ___ - 50, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-____ ________ 51, 819 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__ ----------------------- 30, 660, 000 17. CARTHAGE, MO. Location. The project is located on Spring River, a tributary of the Grand (Neosho) River in the Arkansas River Basin, in the immediate vicinity of Carthage, Jasper County, Mo. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Carthage, Mo., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a levee on the northeast side of Carthage, Mo., to prevent flooding from Spring River and Carter Creek. The levee would extend upstream along the south bank of Spring River for a distance of about 1 mile. A grade elevation for the top of levee would be so constructed as to provide a free board of 3 feet above the project design flood. The estimated Federal cost (July 1956) is $383,000, and the estimated non-Federal cost is $37,700. The existing project was authorized by the 1948 Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. (See H. Doc. 445, 80th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Resolution adopted by levee district No. 1 of Jasper County, Mo., on March 17, 1955, agreeing to meet re- quirements was accepted as satisfactory by the District Engineer on May 9, 1955. Right-of-entry has been granted for the entire project. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Construction of the levee and pumping plant was started January 30, 1956, and continued to the end of the fiscal year, by contract. The cost accrued during the fiscal year was $209,193, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated in January 1956 was 59 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. This work continues, by contract. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $224,879. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 878 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------- Appropriated........ -$3, 714 $8, 600 -$3, 500 ------------ $367, 000 $382,686 Cost-_--------.---..- 802 114 4,986 ---------.. 209,193 224,879 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-_------ $49, 707 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____________________-____________ _ 49, 707 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __-- ________-___---------- 314 18. PENSACOLA RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. Pensacola Dam is located on the Grand (Neosho) River, 77 miles above its mouth, and adjacent to the town of Disney, Mayes County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Pryor, Wyandotte, Vinita, Okla., and Siloam Springs, Ark., quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. During fiscal year 1941 the Grand River Dam Authority, an agency of the State of Oklahoma, under a license dated July 26, 1939, issued by the Federal Power Commission, com- pleted the construction of a reservoir for flood control and hydro- electric power at the Pensacola site in the Arkansas River Basin. The dam is of the concrete, multiple arch type, 6,565 feet long and 147 feet above the streambed. The existing dam and reservoir provides 1,653,000 acre-feet of storage to top of power pool and 245,000 acre-feet of flood control storage. The flood-control stor- age lies between elevations 745 and 750. However, under the terms of the Federal Power Commission license, the dam and appurtenant structures were constructed to a height which would allow storage of flood waters to elevation 755 (Pensacola datum) when necessary lands or rights-of-way were acquired by the Federal Government. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, modified the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes for the Arkansas River Basin to include the Pensacola, Markham Ferry, and Fort Gibson Reservoirs in the Grand (Neosho) River Basin in Oklahoma and Missouri, in accordance with recommenda- tions of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 107, 76th Con- gress, 1st session. The improvements recommended in that document included a reservoir for flood control at the Pensacola site which provided for 960,000 acre-feet of flood control storage. The existing project which controls 10,298 square miles now provides for making available 278,000 acre-feet of flood-control storage between elevations 750 and 755 in addition to the storage provided in the project as constructed by the Grand River Dam Authority. Flowage easements for certain portions of the neces- sary lands have been acquired by the Federal Government through the Southwestern Power Administration, Department of the In- 874 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 terior, and the Federal Works Agency. The estimated cost (July 1956) for acquisition of additional flowage easements necessary for operation of the reservoir to elevation 755 is $1,760,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $10,000 (July 1956). Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationand results during fiscal year. Flood control storage in the project was operated by the Grand River Dam Authority (an agency of the State of Oklahoma) under the direction of the Corps of Engineers. The Grand River Dam Authority was reim- bursed for their expense in connection with maintaining and operating local protection works at Wyandotte, Okla. The cost during the fiscal year was $6,778. Condition at end of fiscal year. Real estate planning studies necessary prior to completion of the land acquisition program, initiated by other agencies, are essentially complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $52,126 for new work and $24,207 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- -$2,261 ---------- ------------ ------------- ----------- $52,126 -------- Cost--___ ---------------- 33 ,.------------- 52,126 Maintenance: Appropriated __ 1,000 $2,000 $1,700 $9,740 $7,000 24,640 Cost _-- -- 626 2,221 2,224 9,561 6,778 24,207 19. MARKHAM FERRY RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. The Markham Ferry Reservoir is located in Mayes and Craig Counties, Okla., with the dam site on the Grand (Neo- sho) River about eight miles southeast of the City of Pryor, Mayes County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Pryor and Vinita (Okla.) quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. Construction of the Markham Ferry project by the Grand River Dam Authority, an agency of the State of Oklahoma, was authorized by Public Law 476, 83d Congress, 2d session, approved July 6, 1954. On June 22, 1955, the Federal Power Commission adopted an order issuing a license to the Grand River Dam Authority for the construction, operation, and main- tenance of the reservoir for flood control and hydroelectric power at the Markham Ferry site. The project consists of a dam about 88 feet high composed of an earth embankment section, a spillway section, a powerhouse and intake section, and 2 gravity nonover- flow sections, creating a reservoir with top pool elevations for power and flood control at elevations 617 feet and 634 feet above mean sea level. The reservoir provides 187,000 acre-feet of stor- age for generation of power and 233,000 acre-feet of flood-control storage, a total of 420,000 acre-feet. The flood-control storage FLOOD CONTROL---TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 875 in the reservoir, which will control 11,535 square miles, will be operated as a unit of the three-reservoir system on the lower Grand (Neosho) River and as a unit in the comprehensive plan in the Arkansas River Basin in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 107, 76th Congress, 1st session. The estimated cost (July 1956) is $6,500,000 for Federal parti- cipation and $406,000 for Government cost, a total of $6,906,000. Local cooperation. Not applicable. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Land previously acquired for the upper limits of the adjoining Fort Gibson Reser- voir was transferred at cost value to this reservoir. The costs during the fiscal year were $195,507, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. On June 22, 1955, the Federal Power Commission adopted an order issuing a license to the Grand River Dam Authority for construction of Markham Ferry Dam. Basic hydrologic data and site investigations, developed under authorization provided by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, have been made available to Grand River Dam Authority and the Tulsa District has aided that agency in preparation of their application for license and review of tentative construction drawings. When construction of the project is under way, Federal- owned lands in the dam site and reservoir areas can be trans- ferred to the construction agency. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $503,655. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated-...... -$241,833 $2,000 $100,000 $6,495,900 $6,901,523 Cost 890 16,920 -- 2,524 195,507 503,655 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____ $6, 397, 868 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957________________________________ 6, 397, 868 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________________________ 4, 477 20. FORT GIBSON RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. The Fort Gibson Dam is located on the Grand (Neosho) River, 7.7 miles above its mouth, and about 5 miles north and east of Fort Gibson, Muskogee County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Muskogee and Pryor, Okla., quad- rangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a con- crete gravity-type dam, 2,990 feet long at the top, rising 110 feet above the streambed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 922,000 acre-feet for flood control and 365,000 acre-feet for 876 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 storage to top of power pool, a total of 1,287,000 acre-feet. The project includes a powerhouse structure, a gate-controlled spill- way, and two nonoverflow abutment sections. The powerhouse- structure is located on the left bank of the existing river channel with the spillway structure extending across the river channel and a major portion of the right bank flood plain. The reservoir, which controls 12,492 square miles, will be operated as a unit of the 3-reservoir system on the lower Grand (Neosho) River, and as 1 unit in the comprehensive plan for the Arkansas River Basin. The hydroelectric development consists of 4 units having an in- stalled capacity of 45,000 kilowatts. The ultimate planned is for 6 units with a total of 67,500 kilowatts. The costs were $28,551,000 for construction and $12,512,042 for lands and damages, a total of $41,063,042. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $340,000 (July 1956). The War Department Civil Appropriation Act, 1947 (Public Law 374, 79th Cong.), approved May 2, 1946, provided that in the construction of the Fort Gibson flood-control project in Oklahoma, the Chief of Engineers is authorized and directed to cooperate with the officials of the city of Muskogee in protecting the domestic water supply of such city. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 107, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. All completed structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. In general, the new work accomplished consisted of construction of a levee protecting adjacent public lands and a steam-generated powerplant operated by the Grand River Dam Authority who contributed $19,645 as their proportional share of the levee cost. This work was begun October 5, 1955, and completed April 12, 1956, by contract. Other new work accomplished during the fiscal year consists of repairs to the Kansas, Oklahoma and Gulf Railroad, by contract, and com- pletion of access roads and public-use facilities, by hired labor. In addition, land acquired in the upper limits of the reservoir was transferred to the adjoining Markham Ferry Reservoir at cost value. The costs during the fiscal year were $11,573 for new work and $243,719 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Initial project construction be- gan in March 1942 with the construction of temporary field office buildings, but further construction at the project was held in abey- ance during World War II. Construction of the concrete dam and spillway, the largest single feature of the project, started by con- tract on May 22, 1946, was completed in June 1950, at a total cost of $17,058,525. Impoundment of the power pool was completed in March 1953, and dedication ceremonies were held June 6, 1953. All four power generating units have been installed and tested. Starting dates for commercial power generation were as follows: FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 877 Unit No. 1-March 30, 1953; Unit No. 2-March 31, 1953; Unit No. 3--May 29, 1953; and Unit No. 4-September 2, 1953. Parts of the highway relocation work were constructed in ac- cordance with the desires of the Oklahoma Highway Department, utilizing their specifications and the State of Oklahoma contributed $34,340 for fiscal year 1950, and $80,934 during fiscal year 1951, to defray the extra expense incurred by the Government in con- struction of improved facilities. In accordance with Public Law 663, 83d Congress, 2d session, as approved August 26, 1954, the sum of $200,000 was contributed to the city of Muskogee, toward the construction of a waterline from the existing intake on Grand River to Fort Gibson Dam, in settlement for all damages to the water supply of the city of Muskogee, on account of the construc- tion and operation of the Fort Gibson Reservoir. No additional new work work is presently scheduled at this project. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $42,578,196 of which $41,063,042 was from regular new work funds, and $1,380,- 235 was from regular maintenance funds, and $134,919 was from special funds contributed for betterments. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated ....... $2,400,000 -$103,000 ------------ $200,000 -$133,458 1$41,063,042 Cost--------------- 3,783,523 4,362,008 $473,094 348,054 11,573 141,063,042 Maintenance: Appropriated------... 157,210 177,006 302,200 309,640 250,500 1,388,056 Cost---------------- 155,706 181,142 298,448 312,479 243,719 1,380,235 1 Does not include $134, 919 contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___- __-________ ____ ____ _ ------- $97 21. TENKILLER FERRY RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. The Tenkiller Ferry Dam is located on the Illinois River 13 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River, and about 7 miles northwest of Vian, and 7 miles northeast of Gore, Sequoyah County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Muskogee, Okla., and Tahlequah, Okla., and Ark., quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam 3,000 feet long and rising 197 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir which controls 1,610 square miles provides for the storage of 600,000 acre-feet for flood control and 630,000 acre-feet of storage to the top of power pool or total capacity of 1,230,000 acre-feet. A gated concrete spillway is provided at a saddle in the right abutment and a 19-foot diameter gated conduit through the ridge forms the outlet works. A second 19-foot gated conduit, adjacent to the outlet conduit, forms a power penstock. A dike 878 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1,350 feet long with a maximum height of 25 feet extends along the saddle ridge between the dam and spillway. The hydroeltctric de- velopment consists of 2 units with an installed capacity of 34,000 kilowatts. The costs for the project were $19,175,500 for construction and $2,939,705 for lands and damages, a total of $22,115,205. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $235,000 (July 1956). Authorizations for the project are listed below: Acts Work authorized Documents Flood Control Act, June 28, Construction of a flood-control res- House of Representatives Com- 1938. ervoir. mittee Doc. No. 1, 75th Cong., 1stsess. River and Harbor Act, July 24, Installation of hydroelectric power House Doc. No. 758, 79th Cong., 1946. facilities. 2d sess. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. All completed struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. In general, the new work accomplished consisted of mechanical adjustments, addi- tional public-use facilities and installation of small miscellaneous operating equipment. A total of 38,364,800 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy was delivered during the fiscal year to the Southwestern Power Admin- istration for marketing. The costs during the fiscal year were $23,197 for new work and $162,747 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Initial construction, consisting of access roads, clearing dam site, and first stage embankment construction, was started June 17, 1947. Construction of the second stage embankment was started March 14, 1950, and com- pleted in May 1952,- while construction of the spillway, outlet and diversion tunnels, gate tower and access road to the powerhouse, was started February 9, 1949, and completed in July 1951. Im- poundment of the power pool was commenced July 1, 1952, and commercial sale of power from Unit No. 2 started November 16, 1953, and from Unit No. 1 on December 3, 1953. A bridge re- quiring relocation was constructed in accordance with the desires of the Cherokee County highway commissioners, utilizing their specifications. Cherokee County contributed $946 during fiscal year 1952 to defray the extra expense incurred by the Government in constructing the improved facilities. Total cost accrued to the end of the fiscal year was $22,746,557, of which $22,115,205 was from new work funds, $630,406 from maintenance funds, and $946 from special funds contributed for betterments. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 879 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...- -- $3,500,000 $2,115,000 $191,700 -$154,900 -$24,800 1$22,115,205 Cost____ 4,208,569 3,518,689 329,329 114,562 23,197 122,115,205 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 47,800 73,994 173,900 170,720 167,000 633,414 Cost - 41,366 79,209 174,400 172,684 162,747 630,406 1 Does not include $946 contributed funds. 22. EUFAULA RESERVOIR, CANADIAN RIVER, OKLA. Location. The Eufaula Dam site is located on the Canadian River, 27 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River and about 12 miles east of Eufaula, McIntosh County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Okmulgee, Canadian, McAlester, and San Bois (Okla.) quadrangles, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for flood control, hydroelectric power, and sediment control on the Canadian River as a part of the multiple-purpose plan for development of the Arkansas River Basin. The concrete and earthfill dam will be 3,180 feet long and rise 112 feet above the streambed, and the reservoir will have a storage capacity of 1,428,000 acre-feet for flood control, 1,379,000 acre-feet for the generation of power, and will provide a permanent pool of 897,000 acre-feet for sedimenta- tion reserve, recreation, and preservation of wildlife, a total of 3,704,000 acre-feet. A concrete channel spillway, controlled by twelve 40- by 32-foot gates on the weir crest, provides for the pas- sage of floodflows into the valley below. The powerhouse struc- ture, which will be located near the left side of existing river chan- nel, will be connected to the left abutment by a short earthfill em- bankment, and to the right abutment by the spillway, a short nonoverflow section and the earthfill embankment. The reser- voir will be operated as a unit of the comprehensive system for improvement of the Arkansas River Basin for flood control, navi- gation, hydroelectric power, and other purposes. The estimated costs (July 1956) are $54,738,800 for construc- tion and $98,261,200 for lands and damages, a total of $153,000,- 000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of en- gineering design memoranda was initiated. The cost during the fiscal year was $349,994, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering studies and in- vestigations required prior to initiation of construction contract plans and specifications are essentially complete. Engineering design memoranda have been prepared for: Administration and 880 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 maintenance building; construction of access road; real estate for dam site and access road; hydrology; and hydroelectric power capabilities. Total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $1,300,- 095. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated... .- $149,899-------- ------------------------ $450,000 $1,400,101 Cost----------------- 1,545-------- ------------------------ 349,994 1,300,095 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ $68, 855 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________________________ 1,250, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_________ _______ _________ 1,318,855 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------_ 150, 349, 899 23. WISTER RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. The Wister Dam is located in the Poteau River about 61 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River and about 2 miles south of Wister, Le Flore County, Okla. (See U. S. Geologi- cal Survey map for Winding, Stair, Okla., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000). Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam about 5,700 feet long and rising 99 feet above the riverbed, with a reservoir storage of 400,000 acre-feet for flood control and 30,000 acre-feet for sedimentation reserve, recreation, and preservation of wildlife, a total of 430,000 acre-feet. An un- controlled concrete spillway located in a ridge in the right abut- ment provides for passage of floodflows into the valley below the dam. The outlet works consist of two 15.8 by 14-foot elliptical gated conduits near the present channel. A dike about 2,400 feet long and 40 feet in maximum height is provided in the right abut- ment. The reservoir, which controls 993 square miles, is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The costs (July 1955) were $7,587,700 for construction and $2,840,300 for lands and damages, a total of $10,428,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $92,000 (July 1956). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project was operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 881 The cost for maintenance during the fiscal year was $73,429. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete and is in operation. Construction of the embankment, spillway, and out- let works was started April 10, 1946; embankment closure opera- tions were started June 18, 1948, and completed in May 1949. However, initial storage operations were not begun until October 1949, inasmuch as the land acquisition, and relocation programs were not far enough advanced to permit storage prior to that date. Dedication ceremonies were held June 16, 1951. No additional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project. The total costs accrued to the end of the fiscal year were $10,428,000 for new work and $576,414 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....-... -$60,321 -$2,000 $19,000 -$19,000 ........ _ $10,428,000 Cost -__--_____-_ -2,281 659 1,014 ...... ...... 10,428,000 Maintenance: Appropriated- ._____ 77,290 78,100 80,900 84,000 $66,000 577,190 Cost__ - - -____- _ 80,867 72,955 82,050 79,478 73,429 576,414 24. ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, TULSA DISTRICT Location. These improvements are located on the Arkansas River and tributary streams in the States of Kansas and Oklahoma. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Arkansas River Basin was adopted by Congress in 1938. The original authorization of $21 million has been modified by subsequent additions and revisions to the plan and the present basin authorization is $288,573,000. The reservoirs included in the comprehensive plan within the Tulsa district are shown in the following tabulation: Estimated cost Distance Name Nearest city above Height of dam Reservoir Power mouth and type capacity development Construction Lands and Total damages i i i i Miles Acre-feet Kilowatts O Canton'_ _ Keystone'-_ _- ---- Canton, Okla_ Keystone, Okla_____ __ 394 539 73 feet earthfill 121 feet earthfill 390,800 None $9,607,622 $719,953 $10,327,575 2 137,000,000 W 1,879,000 2 60,000 44,124,700 92,875,300 -3 Toronto' _---- Toronto, Kans____ 271 90 feet earthfill 195,000 None 7,311,500 8,288,500 15,600,000 Fall River_____________________ Fall River, Kans _____________ 54 94 feet earthfill 263,000 None 8,505,261 1,949,500 10,454,761 O Oologahl _-_ Oologah, Okla ................ 90 129 feet earthfill 1,021,000 2 17,000 10,060,300 21,339,700 231,400,000 Tenkiller Ferry'________________ Vian, Okla____ 13 197 feet earthfill 1,230,000 34,000 19,175,500 2,939,705 22,115,205 Wister' Wister, Okla_____ 61 99 feet earthfill 430,000 None 7,587,700 2,840,300 10,428,000 Neodesha_ Neodesha, Kans___________ .. 223 74 feet earthfill 90,000 None (3) Elk City (Table Mound) Elk City, Kans____ 9 95 feet earthfill 289,000 None 12,258,800 10,341,200 22,600,000 Pensacola'___ Disney, Okla _____ 77 147 feet concrete 2,176,000 86,400 41,760,000 C Markham Ferry'___ Locust Grove, Okla --...... 47 88 feet concrete 420,000 72,000 4 6,906,000 Fort Gibson'_ F or t G i bs on , O kla - - -.. .. .. . 7.7 110 feet concrete 1,287,000 67,500 28,551,000 12,512,042 41,063,042 . Eufaula'_______ Eufaula, Okla________________ 27 112 feet earthfill 3,704,000 90,000 54,738,800 98,261,200 153,000,000 1 For details of this project see individual report. 0 2 Installation of power is not included in initial development. 3 This project to be restudied. The cost was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $18,100,000. 4 Construction by Grand River Dam Authority, an agency of the State of Oklahoma. Estimate shown is for Federal participation costs only. z z ©C r. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 883 Operationsand results during fiscal year. The completed proj- ects (Canton, Fall River, Wister Tenkiller Ferry and Fort Gib- son) were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition. Construction was continued on the Toronto and Oologah Reservoirs and detailed planning studies were continued on the Keystone and Eufaula Reservoirs. See individual reports for details on these projects. Condition at end of fiscal year. The basinwide plan as a whole is 22 percent complete and 6 of the 13 authorized projects are now in operation within the Tulsa District. Authorizations for the comprehensive plan are listed below: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports H. Doc. 569, 75th Cong., 3d Canton Reservoir___________ ______ sess. Flood Control Act, June 28, Oologah, Tenkiller Ferry, and Flood Control Committee Doc. 1938. Wister Reservoirs. No. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Markham Ferry, Fort Gibson, H. Doc. No. 107, 76th Cong., Flood Control Act, Aug. 18, and Pensacola, Reservoirs. 1st sess. 1941. 1 Fall River, Elk City, Toronto, H. Doc. No. 440, 76th Cong., and Neodesha Reservoirs. 1st sess. River and Harbor Act, July 24, Eufaula Reservoir_ -H. Doc. No. 758, 79th Cong., 1946. 2d sess. Flood Control Act, May 17, Keystone Reservoir--- _ ........... S. Doc. No. 107, 81st Cong., 1950. 1st sess. 25. DENISON DAM (LAKE TEXOMA), RED RIVER, TEX. AND OKLA. Location. The Denison Dam is located on Red River, 726 miles above the mouth of the river and 5 miles northwest of Denison, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Denison, Tex., and Tishomingo, Okla., quadrangles; scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a rolled earthfill dam 15,200 feet long, rising 165 feet above the streambed with the reservoir providing a total storage capacity of 5,719,000 acre-feet, of which 2,713,000 are for flood control with 21,300 acre-feet of this amount being used jointly for flood control, power, and water supply, 1,783,000 are for power drawdown and the remainder, 1,223,000 acre-feet, is inactive storage or power head. The outlet works, consisting of a gate-control house and 8 conduits, each 20 feet in diameter, and the powerhouse, are located on the right abutment. A chute-type spillway 2,000 feet wide located in a saddle on the right bank will discharge floodflows through a creek to a point 1 mile below the dam. The plan of improvement also provides for the diversion of the Washita River and the construc- tion of levees to protect the Cumberland oil field from inundation, which levees have a length of 23,480 feet. A dike is provided across a saddle near Platter, Okla., on the left bank of Washita River, which has a length of 5,870 feet. The project, which con- trols 39,719 square miles, provides for flood protection to lands in Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana, the generation of power, improvement of navigation, regulation of the flow of the Red River, and for other beneficial uses. The hydroelectric de- velopment consists of 2 units having an installed capacity of 884 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 70,000 kw. The ultimate installation planned is for 5 units with a total of 175,000 kw. The estimated costs are as follows: Initial development including two power units with provisions for ultimate installation of five power units__ 1 $60, 114, 000 Installation of third power unit_______________ ______ 7,400,000 Reservoir crossing at Willis site_______________ ___ 6, 090, 000 Additional public-use facilities__ _______________ 685, 000 Total estimated cost _______________-__________ 1$74,289,000 1As of July 1956 including $18,299,000 for lands and damages. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $435,000 (July 1956). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, and amended by section 4, Public Law 868, 76th Congress, 3d session, approved October 17, 1940. (See H. Doc. 541, 75th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest pub- lished maps.) The congressional act, Public Law 454, 78th Congress, chapter 456, 2d session, approved September 30, 1944, provided that from and after the enactment of that act the lake formed by the im- pounding of waters of the Red River by Denison Dam, shall be known and designated on the public records as Lake Texoma. The Congressional act, Public Law 273, 83d Congress, chapter 487, 1st session, approved August 14, 1953, further modified the project by authorizing the making of a contract with the city of Denison, Texas, for storage for a regulated water supply. The Congressinonal Act, Public Law 164, 84th Congress, Chap- ter 371, 1st Session, approved July 15, 1955, further modified the project to provide for a highway bridge across Lake Texoma at or near the Willis Ferry site. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. In accordance with authority in Public Law 273, 83d Congress, 2d session, a water conservation contract has been negotiated with the city of Denison, effective October 5, 1953, wherein 21,300 acre- feet of storage are made available to that city at an annual cost of $13,800. The States of Texas and Oklahoma are each required to con- tribute the sum of $606,000 toward the cost of construcing the highway bridge across Lake Texoma at or near the Willis Ferry site. Operations and results during fiscal year. All completed struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year. Work was continued to completion on procurement and installation of carrier current equipment, by contract. A total of 196,789,000 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy was delivered during the fiscal year to the Southwestern Power Ad- ministration for marketing. The cost during the fiscal year was $384 for new work and $369,- 682 for maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 885 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in August 1939. Storage of water for power genera- tion was begun January 7, 1944, and power from the first installed unit was available for sale on March 9, 1945. The second power unit was placed in operation on September 18, 1949. The project as authorized provides for ultimate installation of five power units. Development of the initial project is complete except for minor corrective construction required for protection of St. Louis-San Francisco Railroad. Work has not started on installation of the third power unit, the Willis Ferry site reservoir crossing, or the additional public-use facilities. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $60,090,883 and the total cost of maintenance was $4,513,378. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 ... _ . Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 June30,1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated --------........$400, 000 -$5, 000 $8, 300 -$7, 289 $16,512 $60,114, 512 Cost_______________ 138,362 343,301 10,671 18,175 384 60,090,883 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 463,334 387,000 421,000 307,940 364,500 4,523,006 Cost---------------- 467,600 373,355 437,788 390,820 369,682 4,513,578 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____ $23,594 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ 1,050, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -_______ -- 1,073, 594 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ ___________---------__ 13, 124, 488 26. RED RIVER BELOW DENSION DAM, TULSA DISTRICT Location. The work covered by this project is located on the Red River and its tributaries below Denison Dam, in Oklahoma, Arkansas, Texas, and Louisiana. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, approved the general plan for flood control on Red River below Denison Dam, which provides for the construction of six flood-control reservoirs in combination with existing or authorized Federal and non-Federal levee improvements, modified as required, and channel stabilization at locations where levee setbacks are im- possible or uneconomical. This act further authorized the incor- poration of the several separate existing projects for flood control along the Red River below Denison, above the jurisdiction of the Mississippi River Commission, into this project. The existing flood-control project for Red River below Denison Dam was further modified by the Flood Control Act approved August 3, 1955. The total estimated cost to the United States in the Tulsa Dis- trict (July 1956) is $93,243,105 for construction and lands and damages. 886 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The project was authorized substantially in accordance with House Document 602, 79th Congress, 2d Session, and modi- fied in accordance with House Document 488, 83d Congress, 2d Session, which contains the latest published maps. The reservoirs and bank stabilization included in the general flood-control plan for the Red River below Denison Dam within the limits of the Tulsa District are reported on as noted in the fol- lowing table: Height Drain- Reser- Estimated cost (July 1956) Dis- of age voir Name Nearest city tance dam area capacity above and (sq. (acre- Con- Land mouth type mi.) feet) struc- and Total tion damages Boswell Res.2..... 2 Boswell, Okla_ 18.9 495 2,273 1,130,000 $17,647,400 $ 3,552,600 $21,200,000 Hugo Res. _____ Hugo, Okla _ 20.7 489 1,706 850,000 $16,229,200 2,370,800 18,700,000 Millwood Res. 2 __ Millwood, 16.0 4 97 4,144 2,260,000 25,759,600 25,740,400 51,500,000 Ark. Bank Index, Ark_... 485.3 .. ___---- ___-....._--- __...__----_ _ .... 222,105 stabilization.3 Brown Creek .... Bryan Co. 688 ...----- 20 -------- 1,100,000 (5) 1,100,000 Okla. Walnut Bayou1__ Little R. Co., 503 .-.-.---- 134 ------ 521,000 (8) 521,000 Ark. 1Details are presented in individual report. 2 See other flood-control projects. 3 For last full report see Annual Report 1953. 4 Earthfill dam. 5 Estimated non-Federal cost $207,900. 6Estimated non-Federal cost $48,000. 27. BROWN CREEK, RED RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. Brown Creek is a minor tributary of the Red River in Bryan County, Oklahoma. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a chan- nel to divert Brown Creek, at mile 6.4 to Red River and clearing and enlargement of an existing channel for about 6 miles below the point of diversion, including necessary levee, a drop structure, and related facilities. The estimated Federal cost (July 1956) is $1,100,000 and the estimated non-Federal cost is $207,900. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 3, 1955 (See H. Doc. 488, 83d Cong., 2d Session, which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to give assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements and rights-of-way; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and (3) maintain and operate work after completion and preserve channel capacities. Assurances of local cooperation have not been received to date. Operation and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No funds have been appropri- ated for the project since its authorization August 3, 1955. There has been no cost to date. FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 887 28. WALNUT BAYOU, RED RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. Walnut Bayou is a minor tributary to the Red River in Little River County, Arkansas. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Foreman, Arden and Redbank, Arkansas, quadrangles, scale 1: 24,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for clear- ing and enlarging the channel of Walnut Bayou from the Okla- homa-Arkansas State line downstream to mile 7 and a diversion at that point into the Red River. The improvement is 19.2 miles long. The estimated Federal cost (July 1956) is $521,000 and the estimated non-Federal cost is $48,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 3, 1955 (see H. Doc. 488, 83d Cong., 2d Sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to give assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements and rights-of-way; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and (3) maintain and operate works after completion and preserve channel capacities. Assur- ances of local cooperation have not been received to date. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No funds have been appropri- ated for the project since its authorization August 3, 1955. There have been no costs to date. 29. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance ARKANSAS RIVER, MAIN STEM AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES 1. Big Slough to Belle Plaine, Kans.' 2........ 3 1937------------------------------ 4 $6,490,000 2. Augusta, Kans_ 3 1938 . _................ ....... (5) 2. 3. Winfield, W infield, Kans--------------------------- Kans .1937.......................- 3 1937 1937 ----------------------------- (5) (5) 4. 5. Kaw, Okla.' 15----------------------------- Jenks, Okla _.. 1953 1950 $34,284 _------------ 344,797 ------------- 4 236,716 (6) 6. Tulsa and West Tulsa, Okla -_ 1954 2,785,070 ------------- (6) NORTH CANADIAN RIVER 7 7. Optima Reservoir, Okla. --- --- 1952 168,068--------- 4 22,681,932 GRAND (NEOSHO) RIVER 1 8. Monett, Mo. 8 1948 ---------------------------- 4 757,000 9. Florence, Kans. 9_ _---------- ----------- 3 1937 ---------------------------- 4 66,000 10. Iola, Kans ----- o- - - - - - - - - 3 1939 22,290 (6) 11. Council Grove Reservoir, 0 Kans.' __ 1952 1952 --------------------------- 11112,100,000 6 , 6 10 , 0 0 0 12. M arion Reservoir, Kans. __ - ___---------- ... ... __ ----... .... _..... 1 13. Cedar Point Reservoir, Kans.0-___ __ 1952 -_- - - - 115,460,000 See footnotes at end of table. 888 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance VERDIGRIS RIVER 14. Verdigris River from mouth to Madison, Kans.I 1213._.___---- _.__ __-----_ -___ 8 1938 ---------------------------- 4 $913,000 15. West of Fredonia, Wilson County, Kans.1 2__ 1937 .........---- -__ _ -__--....- 4 741,000 16. West of Benedict, Wilson County, Kans. 1 s_ 31937-------------------- _____ 4 765,000 17. West of 2-Elk - - - City, - - - - - County, - - - - - Montgomery - - - - - --- Kans. _ _ 31937------------------------- 4 319,000 18. Caney Creek, Washington County, Okla., and Chautauqua 12 and - Montgomery - Coun- ties,Kans. ___ - - ___ 3 1937 ------------------------ 616,000 19. Neodesha Reservoir, Kans._ ___ _______ 10 1952 $97,910- _ - -- -- 518,002,090 20. Elk City (Table Mound) Reservoir, Kans.o 1952 89, 893 .... _ _ _ 1122, 510,107 SALT FORK OF ARKANSAS RIVER 1 21. Blackwell, Okla. 2 __----- 1937 ---------------------------- 4 197,000 NORTH FORK OF RED RIVER 22. Lugert (Altus) Reservoir, north fork of Red ----------------------- River, Okla__. _._._ 1942 1,130,000 _- - -- -(14) RED RIVER 23. Boswell Reservoir, Boggy Creek, Okla. o__ 24. Hugo Reservoir, Kiamichi River, Okla.' _....- 10 1952 1952 128,786 _-_--- _-----11 21,071,214 60,700 ------------- 1 18,640,000 25. Millwood Reservoir Little River, Ark . ----- 1955 198,330 51,301,670 u----- 11 OTHER 26. Snagging and clearing under authority of Flood Control Act, approved July 24, 1946_ 1952 21,490 ------------- () 27. Emergency bank protection work under authority of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved Dec.22,1944 ___----------------- - 1950 53,996 --------------- (6) 28. Emergency bank protection work under authority of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved July 24,1946_--_______________-._1953 188,523-------------- (6) 29. Emergency flood-control work under author- ity of Public Laws Nos. 138 and 318, 68th Cong., Public Law No. 75, 79th Cong., and Public Laws Nos. 102 and 858, 80th Cong__ 1953 --------- $1,671,753 (6) 30. Emergency flood-control work under author- ity of Public Law 371, approved June 4, 1952_ 1953 ---------- 5,519 (6) 1 Inactive, awaiting local cooperation. 2 In conformance with provisions of the 1941 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on Apr. 18, 1952, that authorization for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. 3 In 1937 the projects were reported by the Memphis district; in 1938 and 1939 by the Little Rock district. 4 Estimate of July 1954. 5 Completed by Kansas Works Progress Administration. 6 Complete. 7 To be restudied. 8 In conformance with provisions of the 1948 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on Nov. 7, 1952, that authority for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. 9 In conformance with provisions of the 1948 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on Feb. 5, 1954, that authority for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances o local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. 10o Awaiting appropriation of funds. 11Estimate of July 1956. 12In conformance with provisions of the 1944 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on Apr. 24, 1952, that authorization for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. 13Some work on this project was done by Wilson County (Kans.) Civil Works Administration in 1933 and 1934. 14Project was constructed by U. S. Bureau of Reclamation for irrigation. Participation by Department of Army was for financing flood control portion of project, and this participation has been completed. 15Local interests were notified on Jan. 24, 1956, that authorization for construction of the project will ex- pire 5 years from that date unless assurannces of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 889 30. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS The costs under this heading are incurred during semiannual inspections conducted to see if local interests are complying with existing regulations and requirements in maintaining and operat- ing projects constructed with Federal funds and transferred to them. Inspections conducted during the fiscal year indicate that exist- ing agreements and regulations are being complied with at the following projects: (1) Tulsa-West Tulsa Levee, Okla.; (2) Jenks levee, Okla.; (3) Polecat Creek channel improvement, Okla,; (4) Iola levee, Kans.; (5) Hutchinson, Kans.; and completed por- tions of (6) Wichita and Valley Center, Kans. The cost of work under this heading during fiscal year 1955 was $1,072. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated _....... $1,020 $300 $600 $1,500 $1,500 $6,920 Cost------------ __ - 959 517 932 1,321 1,072 6,288 31. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). Under this head- ing, the cost of all work accomplished during the fiscal year amounted to $1,987. This work consisted of continued engineer- ing studies and planning for development of a feasible plan of protection for the locality known as Squaw Creek and East Cache Creek at Lawton, Oklahoma. Due to lack of sufficient evidence that firm assurances of local cooperation could be furnished by local interests, planning work on this project was suspended dur- ing December 1955 and unused planning funds were withdrawn. Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation). Under this heading, the cost of all work accomplished during the fiscal year amounted to $39,884, of which $31,154 was expended on needed levee repairs in Cotton, Sequoyah, and Garvin Counties, Okla., by contract. Hired labor operations cost $8,730 for prepara- tion of standard flood-emergency and flood-fighting manual and for practice exercise on a mock flood. 890 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----..---- ...--- $5,000 ------------------------------- -$2,008 $2,992 Cost_ ----- 1,005 1,987 2,992 Maintenance: Appropriated-_ _- $54,929 $53,372 $14,021 55,764 -2,495 636,171 Cost ___- - 3,139 106,599 27,303 13,209 39,884 635,970 32. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD-CONTROL RESERVOIR OPERATIONS The work accomplished under this heading consists of operat- ing activities necessary in the basin wide coordination of func- tional scheduling of releases from reservoirs operated by other agencies. Hired labor costs during the fiscal year were $5,937, all from maintenance funds. Estimated additional funds which can be profitably applied to continued scheduling and coordination activities during the succeeding fiscal year amount to $6,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated------.....----------------------- $1,500 $1,000 $6,000 $8,500 Cost- _ __ - -____1,197 1,300 5,937 8,434 33. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Under this heading the cost of engineering studies was $11,229 during the fiscal year and at the end of the fiscal year there was an unexpended balance of $2,267. This balance will be applied as follows: $117 will be used in payment of outstanding accounts payable; the remainder, 2,150, will be used to finance expenses in- curred in continuation of engineering studies and investigations in connection with reports assigned to this office. An additional sum of $37,400 could be profitably expended during the succeed- ing fiscal year under this heading. 34. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Under this heading, the sum of $3,420 was expended during fiscal year 1956 for research and development consisting of hy- drologic study and analysis of basic data required for keeping up- to-date essential information in order to properly evaluate the continuing and recurring water resource development program. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southwestern Iowa; north- western, central, and western Missouri; northern Kansas; south- ern Nebraska; and a portion of northeastern Colorado embraced in the drainage basin of the Missouri River and tributaries from Rulo, Nebr., to the mouth. The report on the navigation project for the section of the Missouri River from Kansas City, Mo., to Rulo, Nebr., is included in report upon improvement of rivers and harbors in Omaha, Nebr., district. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Missouri River, Kansas City 10. Abilene, Smoky Hill River, to Rulo_ 891 Kans_ 913 2. Missouri River, Kansas City 11. Manhattan, Kansas River, to the Mouth _ -- 891 Kans_ 914 3. Other authorized navigation 12. Tuttle Creek Reservoir, Mis- projects _- 895 souri River Basin, Kans - -_ _ 915 13. Topeka, Kansas River, Kans_ 916 14. Chariton River, Mo _________ 918 Flood Control 15. Pomona Reservoir, One Hun- dred Ten Mile Creek, Kans_ 920 4. Missouri River Basin, Kansas 16. Ottawa, Osage (Marais des City District_____ 895 Cygnes) River, Kans_ __ ____ 921 5. Missouri River agricultural 17. Pomme de Terre Reservoir, levees, Sioux City, Ia., to the Missouri River Basin, Mo __ 922 mouth (Rulo, Nebr., to 18. Other authorized flood-control mouth)- 897 projects_ ______- 923 6. Kansas Citys on Missouri and 19. Inspection of completed flood- Kansas Rivers, Mo. and control works _____-_- 924 Kans__ _- _ _____ 900 20. Flood-control work under spe- 7. Harlan County Reservoir, Mis- cial authorization_ _ __ _ 924 souri River Basin, Nebr ... 908 8. Kanopolis Reservoir, Missouri General Investigations River Basin, Kans ........ 910 9. Salina, Smoky Hill River, 21. Examinations and surveys- _ 925 Kans. 912 22. Research and development __ 925 1. MISSOURI RIVER, KANSAS CITY TO RULO See report on Missouri River, Kansas City to Sioux City, page 927. 2. MISSOURI RIVER, KANSAS CITY TO THE MOUTH Location. The Jefferson, Madison, and Gallatin Rivers conjoin at Three Forks, Mont., to form the Missouri River, which flows southeasterly 2,464.41 miles across or along 7 States to the Missis- sippi River, 17 miles above St. Louis. For description, see page 1149, Annual Report for 1932. Practically the entire length of the section from Kansas City to the mouth is contained within the State of Missouri. Previous projects. The first appropriation for improvement by regulation was made in the River and Harbor Act of June 18, 1878. The original plan for comprehensive improvement was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882, modified 1 1941 adjusted mileage. 891 892 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 by River and Harbor Acts of July 5, 1884, September 19, 1890, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1891 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1153 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel of 9-foot depth and width not less than 300 feet, to be obtained by revetment of banks, construction of permeable dikes to contract and stabilize the waterway, cutoffs to eliminate long bends, closing of minor channels, removal of snags, and dredging as required. Length of section under improvement (mouth to upper end of Quindaro Bend) is 386.2 miles.1 Ordinary and extreme fluctuations of stage are 16 and 38 feet, respectively. The estimated cost for new work (1956) is $120,000,000 ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimated cost for annual maintenance is $2,550,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 Project adopted for securing a permanent navigable H. Doc. 1287, 61st Cong., 3d sess. channel of 6-foot depth. (contains latest published map). Aug. 8, 1917 This act fixed the upstream limit of the improvement H. Doc. 463, 64th Cong., 1st sess. at the upper end of Quindaro Bend (386.2 miles (contains latest published map). from the mouth), and provided for dredging. Mar. 3, 1925 For a minimum width of 200 feet, with a reasonable additional width around the bends. Aug. 30, 1935 For completion of improvement from the mouth to H. Doe. 238, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Sioux City, Iowa. (contains latest published map). Mar. 2, 1945 For securing a navigable channel of 9-foot depth and H. Doe. 214, 76th Cong., 1st sess. a minimum width of 300 feet. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. The project provides that cooperation from benefited localities may be required, in case a comprehensive plan is adopted by Congress, for an apportionment of expense, where any improvement confers special benefit; and receipt of contribu- tions from private parties, to be expended with Government funds upon authorized works where such would be in the interest of navigations is authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 4, 1915. The Secretary of the Army has approved the general principle of cooperative construction on the Missouri River below Kansas City on the basis that 25 percent of the cost of any special installation shall be paid by the United States and 75 percent by the local interests. The total amount contributed by local interests in cooperation with the United States from 1918 to June 30, 1956, was $675,662.80, of which $8,647.11 was returned to contributors. Terminal facilities. Facilities for transferring grain, petro- leum products, and other commodities are maintained at various locations on this section of the river. These facilities are listed in the following table: 11941 adjpsted mileage. RIVERS AND HARBORS-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 893 Location: 2 Miles Description of facility 1 above mouth Nearest town (1941) mileage) Existing facilities: Pipe and bulk-handling facilities______________________ 384.0 Kansas City, Kans. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel .------------- 3 382.5 North Kansas City, Mo. Oil-loading facilities__________________________.... 379.6 Kansas City, Kans. 1 Grain elevator, conveyor and dock, publicly owned, leased 379.1 Do. to private concern. Warehouse and bulk-handling dock, and concrete loading 378.6 Kansas City, Mo. 2 platform, publicly owned, leased to private concern ..... Scrap steel--loading facilities________________ _________.... 378.3 Do. Warehouse and concrete platform publicly owned, leased 377.3 Do. to Department of the Army. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel ................... 377.2 Do. Do. . _ . ................. .......... 376.8 Do. Grain-loading facilities__ ___________________ 375.55 Do. Pipe and bulk-handling facilities _______________........____ 8371.3 Randolph, Mo. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel _------------- 366.3 Sugar Creek, Mo. Grain-loading facilities____________________.. .. .. 322.2 Lexington, Mo. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel_ ------------- 321.7 Do. Grain-loading facilities_____________________________ 297.15 Waverly, Mo. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel _-------------- 296.9 Do. Do _ .--.-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 227.2 Glasgow, Mo. Grain-loading facilities___________________._ . ._ 3 226.9 Glasgow, Mo. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel_ ..------- _- 206.5 Arrow Rock, Mo. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel _---- .- 196.7 Boonville, Mo. Do _ . - - .- - - -- __ -- - - - - - - - - - - -- - ..-- 3 186.0 Rocheport, Mo. Do - _-___ -_-- __ .. .... . ....... .... 142.8 Jefferson City, Mo. Bulk-handling facilities____________________________ S142.8 Do. Coal-unloading facilities_____________ 116.3 Chamois, Mo. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel ___----- S95.8 Hermann, Mo. D o .-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 67.5 Washington, Mo. Do - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - .- 28.0 St. Charles ,Mo. Do_ - - 27.8 Do. Facilities for transferring sand, gravel and rock ............ 16.8 Florissant, Mo. Do _ _.. --..--- - .--- -- -- - -- -- --- -- -- ---- 8.6 Ruegg, Mo. Proposed facilities: Grain-loading facilities___. _____.____.. _ 384.4 Kansas City, Kans. Oil-loading facilities___________ ____-________-_ _ _ 379.6 Do. Molasses-unloading facilities- ____ .....______ __ _ 378.1 Kansas City, Mo. Coal and oil-unloading facilities___ 375.55 Do. Molasses-unloading facilities --------- _- __ ---- .-- 375.55 Do. Coal-unloading facilities______ . __________. 369.8 Kansas City, Mo. Oil-unloading facilities_ ______ ___...._ 367.8 Sugar Creek, Mo. Pipe and steel products-unloading facilities_----- 366.3 Do. Coal-unloading facilities___ ____ _ 3 351.6 Missouri City, Mo. Grain-loading facilities___._ _ ..._ ..__ __ .... _. ._.__ . 322.3 Lexington, Mo. Grain-loading facilities_. ___ _______________ ._ __ .. _ _ 296.8 Waverly, Mo. D o __ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 289.3 Carrollton, Mo. Do . _ -__ _ _ - - -- . .-- - - - - -.--- ..- - - - - 264.6 Miami, Mo. D o _-- - - - - - - - - - - - -_ _- - -_ - -- - 8 257.5 DeWitt, Mo. D o - -- - -- - -- - -. - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- -. -.... - 3251.4 Brunswick, Mo. General purpose facilities_--- .- ___ ..-...- ..- 196.5 Boonville, Mo. Conveyor and dock (at existing elevator) .... 196.2 Do. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel_ __ - 96.8 Hermann, Mo. Bulk-handling facilities____ ___ 5.0 Ruegg, Mo. 1 Privately owned and operated unless otherwise indicated. 2 On right bank unless otherwise indicated. 3 On left bank. Operations and results during the fiscal year. New work. This work consisted of the construction, by contract of 11 dikes and 110 dike extensions totaling 22,131 linear feet and 15 lengths of revetment, totaling 22,537 linear feet at a total cost of $1,182,715; the construction, by hired labor, of 16 dikes and 37 dike extensions totaling 10,500 linear feet and 1 length of revet- ment, 544 feet in length, at a total cost during the fiscal year of $566,874; and removal of 13,529 linear feet of existing structure at a cost during the fiscal year of $78,660. 894 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total cost during the fiscal year, of all new work, including lands and damages, $2,075; engineering and design, $45,336; supervision and administration, $191,608; and a pending adjust- ment of -- $13,027, was $2,054,241. Maintenance. This work consisted of the repair, by contract, of 14,841 linear feet of dikes and 24,282 linear feet of revetment at a total cost during the fiscal year of $578,592. The following additional work was accomplished during the fiscal year by hired labor: Placing of 6,344,020 cubic yards of earthfill in connection with structure repair at 43 localities at a cost of $321,687, and the removal of 6,650,257 cubic yards from 54 localities at a cost of $388,971 by the U. S. dredges Black and Mitchell; the repair of 28,758 linear feet of dikes and 186,035 linear feet of revetment at a cost of $952,498; snagging and clearing channel at a cost of $1,255; real estate management at a cost of $506; reconnaissance and marking channel for navigation at a cost of $311,187; and surveys, mapping, stream gaging, and special studies for working data at a cost of $170,422. The total cost during the fiscal year of all maintenance work, including engineering and design, $4,756, supervision and admini- stration, $254,123; and a pending adjustment of -$7,979, was $2,976,018. The total costs for the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds-------------------------_ 1$2,054,241 2 $2,976,018 $5,030,259 1 Including pending adjustment of -$13,027. 2 Including pending adjustment of -$7,979. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 83 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, based on the present approved estimate of cost. The physical extent of work accomplished is 1,923,319 linear feet of dikes, 1,356,8.33 linear feet of revetment, 29,499 linear feet of abatis, 27,493 linear feet of bank protection, 35,842 linear feet of retards, 30,299 linear feet of levees, five revetment spillways, excavation of 7,537,789 cubic yards of material in construction of pilot canals, removal of 154,571 linear feet of existing structure, dredge fills totaling 1,546,493 cubic yards, removal of 432,664 cubic yards of rock, removal of 82,805,096 cubic yards of material by dredging, and removal of 5,439,461 cubic yards of material in the improvement of bank alinement. Although additional dikes and revetment are required to attain the project dimensions, a channel with a minimum depth of 61/2 to 7 feet is available throughout the navigation season, which covers approximately the period from March 15 to November 30. The controlling depth throughout this section of the river on June 30, 1956, was generally 7 feet, at which time there was an average discharge at Kansas City, Mo., of approximately 44,000 cubic feet per second. The prac- tical draft at ordinary stages of the river is 61/2 feet. This section of the river has been used for commercial navigation since June 1935. RIVERS AND HARBORS-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 895 The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds_____---- ..........------ $92,064,148 $54, 858,439 $146,922, 587 Emergency relief funds__--------------------- 1,375,243 133,756 1,508,999 Public works funds------------------------ 6,468,490 ----------------- --- 6, 468,490 Total_- --- -------------. ------ 99,907,881 54,992,195 154,900,076 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 2 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ..... $2,300,000 $2, 586,000 $1,885,000 $2,000,000 $2,000,000 $107,812,358 Cost .----.......... 2,279,824 3,289,057 1,892,796 1,948,908 2,054,241 107,812,359 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... ____ 2,570,000 3,193,700 3,658,000 2,933,000 2,945,000 55,417,887 Cost____________ 2,663,897 3,295,455 3,658,565 2,901,959 2,976,018 55,417,864 1 Includes $644,374 costs of new work and $22,642 for maintenance from contributed funds. 2Includes $7,260,103 costs of new work and $403,027 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -___ $3,000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-__ 3, 000, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_-----------------_________ 9, 187, 642 3. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Gasconade River, Mo..............-------------........ 1931 139,003 $85,077 (1) (2) (3) Osage River, Mo., lock and dam-_------------ 1952 658,076 850,495 (1) (4) 1 Improvement adequate for existing needs. 2 Curtailment of project recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 3 Project for maintenance only. 4 Operation of lock and dam placed in standby status. 4. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, KANSAS CITY DISTRICT Location. The flood-control improvements included in this project are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the principal tributaries of the Missouri River and are located in the States comprising the Missouri River Basin. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth, flood-protection works at certain municipalities, and reservoirs located on the main stem of the Missouri River and on 896 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the tributaries for control of flood flows at the dam site. The existing project was authorized by the following flood control acts: Acts Work authorized Documents i i June 28, 1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, River Basin and authorized $9,000,000 for initiation 75th Cong., 1st sess. and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18, 1941 Modified the general comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Harlan County Dam and reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr., other supplemental flood con- trol works on the upper Republican River, and authorized $7,000,000 additional expenditure. Dec. 22, 1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24, 1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehesive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17, 1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. Sept. 3, 1954 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $217,710,000 H. Doe. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess. additional expenditure. May 2, 1956 Modified the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin by deletion of the construc- tion of Red Willow Dam and Reservoir, Nebr., and the addition of the construction of Wilson Dam and Reserovir, Kans. Included in the comprehensive basin plan are the following projects in the Kansas City District: Estimated Project Federal cost I------ Missouri River agricultural levees, Rulo to mouth________-__-_ -____-_________ _ $128,000,000 Pioneer Reservoir Arikaree River, Colo., and Kans.____ ______ ___ __ 120,000,000 Indianola, Republican River, Nebr__________ ..... .... _--_______ 67,275 Bartley, Republican River, Nebr_____________ ...... ..... .____ 118,269 Harlan County Reservoir, Republican River, Nebr__ .___.____- ____ _____- ___ ____.... 45,230,083 Milford Reservoir, Republican River, Kans__________________________ ______ 41,000,000 Wilson Reservoir, Saline River, Kans___ _ ________ __ ______ 15,450.000 Kanopolis Reservoir, Smoky Hill River, Kans_______________ ..... _. ____-______ 12,285,288 Salina, Smoky Hill River, Kans____. _____ ____..._ _ __ __ _ ._ .... 2,130,000 Abilene, Smoky Hill River, Kans______ -_______-- __._------- ---------------- -- 797,000 Manhattan, Kansas River, Kans_.. __________ ___.. .... .. __ ._._.___ 1,610,000 Hubbell, Rose Creek, Nebr------------------- 12,000 Beatrice, Big Blue River, Nebr- .-- .____._ __-----------_ 568,000 Marysville, Big Blue River, Kans ________________________... ___ ... __...........___ 362,000 Tuttle Creek Reservoir, Big Blue River, Kans_______________ 92,300,000 Topeka, Kansas River, Kans .... ... ----- . .. __...-.-.-- 15,600,000 Lawrence, Kansas River, Kans __._____ - -.- _. 2,920,000 Perry R eservoir, Delaw are R iver, K ans . . __. . . . .. 17,800,000 Merriam, Turkey Creek, Kans _____________________ 431,000 Chillicothe Reservoir, Grand River, Mo_ . ... . . . . . . ________ 165,800,000 Pomona Reservoir, One Hundred Ten Mile Creek, Kans______________________ 14,100,000 Melvern Reservoir, Osage (Marais des Cygnes) River, Kans ........ ........ 20,400,000 Ottawa, Osage (Marais des Cygnes) River, Kans_____ ________________ ___ 3,380,000 Hillsdale Reservoir, Big Bull Creek, Kans .......... ________ ........... ......... 9,000,000 Garnett Reservoir, Pottawatomie Creek, Kans __-______.. ............_______ .... 14,800,000 Osawatomie, Osage (Marais des Cygnes) River, Kans_-..-.--.-.-- .-.-- .- ______.. _._ 770,000 Fort Scott Reservoir, Marmaton River, Kans....______...._______.......____ .......... 16,000,000 Hackleman Corners Reservoir, Cedar Creek, Mo _________ _____-________ 16,400,000 Stockton Reservoir, Sac River, Mo ____--- .__. ..-.--------...-... --------------------- 40,800,000 Kasinger Bluff Reservoir, Osage River, Mo ________-___.......___ 102,000,000 Pomme de Terre Reservoir, Pomme de Terre River, Mo_ 18,700,000 Richland Reservoir, Gasconade River, Mo______--- __-------- __------------- 133,300,000 Arlington Reservoir, Gasconade River, Mo___ ... .. _.-- ------- 127,200,000 1 1954 estimate. FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 897 Recommended modification of project. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. The operations dur- ing the fiscal year, together with costs and expenditures for those projects on which plans were in preparation or on which con- struction had been initiated, are shown in following individual reports. Under sections 7 and 9 of Public Law 534, Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is respon- sible for detailed scheduling of operations of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reservoirs constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. Condition at end of fiscal year. The condtion of the projects discussed in individual reports is given in those reports. The total cost and expenditures to June 30, 1956, exclusive of the cost and expenditures for projects discussed in individual reports, for special engineering studies in connection with the comprehensive plan, was $55,568. The cost for maintenance (scheduling of flood-control reservoir operations), including a pending adjustment of -$202, was $58,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....... ----------- ------------ ....------------ ------------ ------------ $55, 569 Cost:_-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 55,569 Maintenance: Appropriated-------.. $35,000 $39,000 $57,000 $49,000 $58,000 282,000 Cost ----------------- 43,191 32,554 63,384 49,088 58,000 282,000 Notes. The allotments and costs shown above for new work cover 96 x 3122 flood control, general funds allotted to the "Republican River Basin reservoirs (Medicine Creek Reservoir), Colo., Nebr., and Kans." The allotments and costs shown above for maintenance cover 96 x 3122 flood control, general, funds al- lotted to "Scheduling of flood-control reservoir operations." 5. MISSOURI RIVER, AGRICULTURAL LEVEES, SIOUX CITY IOWA, TO THE MOUTH (RULO, NEBR., TO MOUTH) Location. On both banks of the Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth near St. Louis, Mo., a distance of ap- proximately 760 miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a series of levee units and appurtenant works along both sides of the Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth, for pro- tection of agricultural lands and small communities against floods. The estimate of cost (1956) for that portion of the project from Rulo, Nebr., to the mouth is $137,060,000, of which $128,000,000 is the Federal cost for construction, $9,060,000 is for lands and damages to be borne by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts; 898 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 18, 1941 Levees along both sides of the river from Sioux City H. Doc. 821, 76th Cong., 3d sess. to Kansas City. Dec. 22, 1944 Extended project from Kansas City to the mouth H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; provided for increased protection. S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944, applies. Local interests have fur- nished rights-of-way for construction of levees in units R513-512 (sec. I and II), R500, L488, R482, L476, L448-443, R440, and L400. Local interests have also indicated their interest in the early construction of other units of the project. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Unit L519- L512-L504: General Design Memorandum and appendix I for Section I of this unit were completed. Appendix II was com- pleted and work was continued on Appendices for the remainder of the unit. Contract plans and specifications for Section I were completed and work was underway on plans and specifications for Section II. This work was done by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $50,169. Unit R513-R512: Preparation of "as-built" drawings and Operation and Maintenance manuals was underway, by hired labor, during the fiscal year at a total cost of $725. Unit L497: The General Design Memorandum for this unit was completed and approved and contract plans and specifications were substantially completed during the fiscal year by hired labor at a total cost of $19,470. Unit L488: Underseepage control by long berms was com- pleted by contract during the fiscal year. Preparation of "as- built" drawings and Operation and Maintenance manual was underway during the fiscal year by hired labor. The total cost during the fiscal year was $18,598. Unit L476: Underseepage by long berms was completed during the fiscal year. Engineering and design and supervision and administration in connection with construction were accomplished during this fiscal year by hired labor. The total cost during the fiscal year was $194,745. Unit L455: Preparation of the Design Memorandum for this unit was advanced to 60 percent of completion by hired labor during the fiscal year at a total cost of $17,488. Unit L448-L443: Engineering and design in connection with control of Contrary Creek was accomplished by hired labor at a total cost during the fiscal year of $417. Unit R440: Termination of the contract for the tieback levees along a tributary creek and supervision and administration in- cidental to the termination were accomplished during the fiscal year at a cost of $14,564. Unit L426-L419: Preparation of Design Memorandum was ad- vanced to about 95 percent of completion by hired labor during the fiscal year at a total cost of $18,985, FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 899 Unit L400: Construction by contract of levees and appurte- nances for this unit was advanced to 84 percent of completion during the fiscal year. Engineering and design in connection with railroad modifications and supervision and administration in connection with the above construction was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost for the fiscal year was $679,406. Unit L385: Preparation of the Design Memorandum for this unit was underway by hired labor during the fiscal year at a total cost of $2,476. Unit L345-L330: Preparation of the Design Memorandum for this unit was initiated during the fiscal year by hired labor at a total cost of $8,812. General engineering on the remaining units of the project was underway by hired labor during the fiscal year at a total cost of $123,472. The total cost during the fiscal year of the Missouri River Agricultural Levees project (including a pending adjust- ment of - $5,559) was $1,143,768. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 11 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year based on the present estimated cost. Construction of the project was initiated in June 1948 with the start of construction of levees for Unit L488. During April 1952 there occurred a flood which overtopped or breached all privately constructed farm levees from Rulo, Nebr., to Kansas City, Mo., and damaged approximately 60 percent of those from Kansas City to the mouth. This flood exceeded all floods occurring during the past century in the reaches above Leavenworth, Kans. The only levees in the Kansas City to Rulo section that did not fail during this April 1952 flood were the seven levee units constructed by the Corps of Engineers under the Missouri River agricultural levees project. The status of individual units of the project at the end of the fiscal year was as follows: Miles of Unit levee Status L519-L512-L504: The general Design Memorandum, Appen- dices I and II, and plans and specifica- tions for Section I are complete. Plans and specifications for Section II are essentially complete. Work is underway on appendices for the remaining Sec- tions. R513-R512: Section I_ .11___Complete. Section II 8.0 __Complete. R500: 4.1 - Complete. L497: ____The Design Memorandum is complete and the plans and specifications are es- sentially complete. L488: ------------------ 11.5--Complete. L482: --------- 8.3___Complete. L476:-------- 6.7 .Complete. L455; --- ----------- - -- Design Memorandum 60 percent complete, 900 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 L448-L443: Section I__________ 9.6___ Complete except for additional channel control measures for Contrary Creek. Section II 7.2 ___Complete. L440: Main Stem - 9.6__.Complete. Doniphan Creek Diversion levees were 12 percent complete at the time the contract was terminated due to a court order served on the sponsors, pending suit to determine sponsors legal author- ity for condemnation of right-of-way. Miles of Unit levee Status L426-L419 : Design Memorandum 95 percent complete. L400: Levees _ 7.4 __.84 percent complete. Railroad alterations- ________ Negotiations underway. L385 _ -_ Preparation of Design Memorandum has been initiated. L345-L330 Design Memorandum 20 percent complete. Preliminary work in connection with the preparation of Design Memorandum for the remaining units of this project is under- way. The total cost of the existing project (all new work) to 30 June 1956, was $13,996,360. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........ $1,543,900 $319, 000 $75,000 $350,000 $775,000 $14,080,150 Cost_------------ 536,605 913,975 552,832 1,117,391 1,143,768 13,996,360 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $25, 876 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____- ___ - ____ _ 2, 450,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -_ - _ 2,475, 876 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __ _ __ _ _ 111, 469, 850 6. KANSAS CITYS ON MISSOURI AND KANSAS RIVERS, MO. AND KANS. Location. Kansas Citys on Missouri and Kansas Rivers in Missouri and Kansas. The municipal and industrial areas which require flood protection extend from the mouth of the Kansas River about 61/2 miles up and 91/2 miles down the Missouri River and 91/2 miles up the Kansas River. Existing project. The general plan of improvement contem- plates protection works consisting principally of levees and flood- walls, for 13 separate project units, which are designated as follows: Argentine; Armourdale; Central Industrial; Fairfax- FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 901 Jersey Creek; North Kansas City; East Bottoms; channel im- provement, Kansas River; bridge and approach alterations, Kan- sas River; channel improvement, Missouri River; floodway im- provement, Missouri River; Birmingham; Blue Valley Industrial; and Liberty Bend cutoff. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 22, 1936 Levees and flood walls for the protection of the Kan- H. Doc. 195, 73d Cong., 2d sess. sas Citys, at an estimated construction cost not to exceed $10,000,000, estimated cost of lands and damages, $8,0000,000. Dec. 22, 1944 Modified and extended the project to provide con- H. Doc. 342, 78th Cong., 1st sess. struction of cutoffs and protection for additional areas at an estimated additional cost of $8,445,000. July 24, 1946 Authorized the Chief of Engineers to include neces- sary railroad bridge and approach alterations as a Federal responsibility. Sept. 3, 1954 Authorized accomplishment of alternate plan of improvement proposed by local interests for the Armourdale Unit (downstream section). Recommended modification of project. None. The estimated cost (1956) is $49,874,600, of which $44,800,000 is the Federal cost, $619,700 is for work accomplished with funds contributed by local interests, and $4,454,900 is for lands and damages to be borne by local interests. This project will be operated as part of the comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin and it is contemplated that, with reservoir control, substantially complete flood protection will be provided for the Kansas Citys. The units involve construction approximately as follows: Argentine unit: The original levees and floodwalls built by private interests were of sufficient height to protect the district from the design flood, but to correct inadequate design and im- proper materials used in constructing the levees it was originally planned to strengthen the levees, install necessary facilities for control of underseepage, and construct a pumping unit. Since the inadequacies of the original construction by private interests were corrected through proper design and selection of materials in the emergency restoration necessitated by the flood of 1951, the levee work fomerly contemplated under this unit no longer will be required. Armourdale unit: The earth levee along the left bank of the Kansas River from mile 6.7 to mile 2.91 is of sufficient height to provide protection from the design flood. The project provides for raising the existing levee from mile 2.9 to 2.8;1 constructing a new levee riverward of the existing floodwall from mile 2.8 to 1.7;1 replace existing floodwall with a new floodwall from mile 1.7 to 1;1 construct a new levee from mile 1 to 0.7;1 and raising existing streets and railroad tracks above the design flood eleva- tion between mile 0.7 and 0.25 ;2 with necessary alterations to the James Street Bridge and the Intercity Viaduct, and effecting a 1Above mouth of Kansas River. 2Above mouth of Missouri River. 902 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 permanent raise of the Missouri Pacific Railroad bridge No. 1 in lieu of proposed temporary lifting facilities (bridge raise shown under Bridge and Approach Alterations, Kansas River, Unit). Central Industrial unit: Beginning at the south end of the Armour-Swift-Burlington Bridge over the Missouri River, mile 376.92 the protection for the district extends upstream along the right bank of the Missouri River to the mouth of the Kansas River, mile 378.8,2 a distance of 1.9 miles, and thence upstream along the right bank of the Kansas River to mile 3.4,1 in the vicinity of the Seventh Street Bridge, a total distance of 5.3 miles. The improvements consist of concrete floodwalls and earth levees to protect the portion of the unit lying in the State of Missouri, and raising existing structures and new concrete floodwalls and earth levees to protect the portion of this unit located in the State of Kansas. Fairfax-Jersey Creek unit: About 30,900 feet of earth levee, 1,981 feet of concrete floodwalls, and 32,100 feet of bank-protec- tion works, extending along the right bank of the Missouri River from a point immediately above the Kansas City, Kansas, water and light plant (mile 385.3) 2 downstream to the mouth of the Kansas River, thence along the left bank of the Kansas River to the vicinity of the intercity viaduct (mile 0.3) ;1 pumping plants; and appurtenant works. Subsequent to the construction of the above work, the elevation of the design flood was raised due to a decrease in the width of the floodway, necessitating the raising of the Fairfax-Jersey Creek flood-protection works and the con- struction of 2,593 feet of concrete floodwall along the left bank of the Kansas River. North Kansas City unit: Beginning at a point northwest of the Kansas City, Mo., municipal waterworks, the protection for the unit extends downstream along the left bank of the Missouri River for a distance of about 6.55 miles and opposite approxi- mately Missouri River mile 375; thence north along the right bank of Rock Creek to the Wabash Railroad right-of-way, a distance of about 0.8 mile; thence northwesterly along a drain- age ditch to high ground northeast of the Kansas City, Mo., municipal waterworks, a distance of about 1.6 miles. The im- provements consist of raising and realinement of existing levees and a railroad embankment and new earth levees and concrete floodwalls to protect the city of North Kansas City, Mo., and the municipal airport and waterworks for the city of Kansas City, Mo. The total length of the system is 9 miles. East Bottoms unit: Beginning at the south end of the Armour- Swift-Burlington Bridge over the Missouri River, mile 376.9,2 the protection for the district extends downstream along the right bank of the Missouri River to the mouth of the Big Blue River, thence southwesterly along the left bank of Big Blue River to high ground. The improvements consist of levees and a floodwall and appurtenances. The plan also contemplates necessary rectification of the Big Blue River Channel near the mouth of this stream. 1Above mouth of Kansas River. 2Above mouth of Missouri River. FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 903 Channel improvement, Kansas River unit: Bank-stabilization works along the right bank of the Kansas River from the Seventh Street Bridge to the Kansas City Terminal Railway bridge (mile 3.50 to mile 2.491 ) ; excavation of a foreshore bar along the right bank of the Kansas River, extending from the Kansas City Southern Railroad bridge (mile 0.84)1 to the mouth; and re- moval of major obstructions from the bed of the main channel of the Kansas River between the Argentine Bridge (mile 5.13)1 and the mouth. Bridge and approach alterations, Kansas River unit: In order to permit the free passage of drift during flood periods, it is con- templated that all bridges across the Kansas River between mile 5.13 and the mouth which do not now provide adequate floodway will be raised above the design flood profile. This would involve the permanent raising of 4 highway and 4 railroad bridges, and provision of facilities for the temporary raising during flood periods of 2 other railroad bridges. Channel improvement, Missouri River unit: The work under this unit consisted of dredging of a foreshore bar along the left bank of the Missouri River in the vicinity of mile 377.5 and of dredging the left bank where it extends riverward of the adopted channel alinement in the vicinity of mile 374.2 In addition, the abandoned overbank area between the North Kansas City levee and the present channel to approximately low water elevation was excavated. The left-bank approach fills to the Armour-Swift- Burlington and Hannibal Bridges were replaced by approach spans. This was necessitated by the widening of the Kansas City reach by setting back the North Kansas City levee and dredging the abandoned overbank area. Floodway improvement, Missouri River unit: The work con- templated under this unit consists of removing brush and timber from the area riverward of the existing Birmingham drainage district levee along the left bank of the Missouri River between mile 370 and mile 363 and of removing brush from the area riverward of the proposed East Bottoms levee along the right bank between mile 373.5 and 367.8.2 Birmingham unit: In order to provide protection to the Birm- ingham district, various sections of the Birmingham levee, be- tween mile 371.6 and mile 361.5,2 were raised by the addition of rolled fill. Blue Valley Industrial unit. The work contemplated under this unit consists of the construction of levees and floodwalls at ap- proximately present Big Blue River mile 5.4 to provide flood pro- tection fbr a section of the Big Blue River Valley. Liberty Bend Cutoff: The work under this unit consisted of the construction of a main cutoff channel beginning at mile 363.7 and extending downstream to a mile 358.5 ;2 a second cutoff chan- nel from mile 358.5 to mile 357 ;2 and a new highway bridge where 1 Above mouth of Kansas River. 2Above mouth of Missouri River. 904 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the main cutoff channel intersects U. S. Highway No. 71 (by- pass), which at present crosses the Missouri River north of the proposed cutoff at mile 361.2 Local cooperation. The necessary assurances of cooperation by local interests with respect to the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, were approved by the Secretary of the Army as follows: Argentine; Armourdale; bridge and approach alterations, Kan- sas River; Central Industrial (Kansas section) ; channel improve- ment, Kansas River; and Fairfax-Jersey Creek units, approved July 6, 1938. Central Industrial (Missouri section) and East Bottoms units, approved March 22, 1941. North Kansas City unit, approved June 17, and June 20, 1941. Birmingham unit, aproved December 11, 1945. New assurances of cooperation by local interests in compliance with the further provisions of the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, were approved by the Secretary of the Army on April 23, 1946. Rights-of-way for the Central Industrial; channel improvement, Kansas River; channel improvement, Mis- souri River; Fairfax-Jersey Creek; East Bottoms; Armourdale; and North Kansas City units of the projects have been furnished. Local interests have contributed a total of $619,665 for work desired, but not required, to provide the protection authorized under the project, as follows: Unit Amount Armourdale-- $19, 950 Birmingham 3, 500 Central Industrial ---------------------------------------- 9, 150 East Bottoms ------------------------------------------ 206, 811 Fairfax-Jersey Creek ---------------------------------- __ 157, 940 North Kansas City---------------------------------___ 222, 314 Total ------ _ $619, 665 Operations and results during the fiscal year. Operations under this project consisted of the following: Argentine Unit: Preparation of "as-built" drawings and the Operation and Maintenance Manual was continued by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year for this unit of $1,867. Armourdale: Construction was initiated under a contract negotiated with the sponsors to construct protection for the downstream portion of the unit and advanced to 32 percent of completion during the fiscal year. Engineering and design in connection with the downstream portion, and supervision and administration of construction were accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $867,974. Birmingham: Construction, by contract, consisted of comple- tion of the levees for this unit during the fiscal year. Engineer- ing and design in connection with the above construction, and supervision and administration of construction were accomplished 2 Above mouth of Missouri River. FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 905 by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $14,345. Blue Valley Industrial: General engineering studies were ac- complished by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $2,194. Bridge and approach alterations: Alterations to the Missouri Pacific-Chicago Great Western bridge, in connection with the downstream portion of the Armourdale unit were initiated during the fiscal year. General engineering studies and supervision and administration of construction were accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $5,477. Central Industrial: Construction, by contract, consisted of com- pletion of the gating of outlets at the Santa Fe, Ohio and Broad- way pumping plants during the fiscal year. Engineering and design, and supervision and administration of construction were accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost for this unit during the fiscal year was $28,306. Channel Improvement, Missouri River: General engineering studies were accomplished by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year for this unit of $2,572. East Bottoms: Construction, by contract, during the fiscal year, consisted of the gating of four drainage outlets. En- gineering and design and supervision and administration of construction were accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost for this unit during the fiscal year was, $65,956. Fairfax-Jersey Creek: Engineering and design and supervision and administration of construction were accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $9,855. Floodway Improvement, Missouri River: The general design memorandum was advanced to 95 percent of completion by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year for this unit of $3,126. North Kansas City: During the fiscal year a contractor's claim for levee work in connection with Burlington and Howell Pump- ing Plant was settled. Preparation of "as-built" drawings and regulations for operation and maintenance of the project was continued by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $80,099. The total cost of the entire Kansas Citys project during the fiscal year, inclusive of a pending adjustment of -$1,423, was $1,080,348. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 82 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, based on the presently authorized estimated cost. Construction of the project was started in April 1940 with the initiation of construction of levees and incidental work in the Fairfax-Jersey Creek unit of the project. Argentine Unit: The inadequacies of the original construction of levees were corrected through proper design and selection of materials in the emergency restoration following the 1951 flood. 906 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The installation of additional pumping capacity in the Santa Fe Railroad pumping plant and surfacing of levees and gating of drainage outlets is complete. Armourdale Unit: The construction of approximately 7,300 linear feet of levee, about 4,400 linear feet of floodwall and the Osage Avenue pumping plant, including surfacing of levees and gating of outlet structures, to protect this unit from Kansas River mile 2.84 downstream to mile 0.7 is completed. A contract, negotiated with local interests, whereby the Federal government will contribute not to exceed $2,750,000 to the cost of an alternate plan of flood protection to be constructed by local interests in the lower Armourdale area between Kansas River mile 0.7 and 0.25 is 32 percent complete. Birmingham Unit: Raising and strengthening the levees be- tween Missouri River mile 371.6 and mile 361.5 has been com- pleted. , Blue Valley Industrial Unit: Detailed project plans and in- terior drainage studies are substantially completed. No further work is proposed at the present time due to lack of interest by local sponsors. Bridge and approach alterations: The James Street, Central Avenue, Kansas City Southern Railway, Kansas City Stockyards Company, East Kansas Avenue and the Missouri Pacific Railroad bridge No. 72 have been raised. Lifting facilities have been provided for the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific and the Union Pacific Railroad bridges. Alterations to the Missouri Pacific- Chicago Great Western bridge, in connection with the down- stream portion of the Armourdale Unit are underway. Planning in connection with the raising of all except the Kansas City Terminal Railroad bridge has been completed. Central Industrial Unit--Missouri section: The floodwalls, levees, and the pumping plants to protect this section of the central industrial unit have been completed. The improvements to protect this section consist of 7,812 linear feet of floodwalls and appurtenances, 429 linear feet of earth levee to full grade and section, 429 linear feet of revetment of levee slope, a new pump- ing plant, and an addition to another pumping plant. Central Industrial Unit-Kansas section: The construction of levees, floodwalls and pumping plants to protect this section of the unit have been completed. Bank and toe protection is complete. The improvements to protect this section consist of approxi- mately 9,266 linear feet of levee, 722 linear feet of new floodwall, raising 8,586 linear feet of existing floodwall, and underseepage control system, two pumping plants, and an addition to another pumping plant. Channel improvement, Kansas River unit: The stabilization of the right bank of the Kansas River from the Seventh Street Bridge to the Kansas City Terminal Railway bridge and the removal of a foreshore bar at the mouth of the Kansas River have been com- pleted. This work consisted of the excavation and disposition of 361,013 cubic yards of material in connection with the removal of the foreshore bar, and removal of 14,255 cubic yards of FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 907 objectionable material, placement of 34,047 cubic yards of earth fill, 25,426 tons of stone, and 4,149 squares of bank paving in connection with bank stabilization. Removal of obstructions was accomplished by hired labor. Channel improvement, Missouri River unit: Construction of this unit, which consists of 2,106,630 cubic yards of random and impervious fill; 318 square yards of surfacing; 231,493 tons of stone for filter blanket, riprap, rockfill toe and rockfill dikes; 237,220 pounds of reinforcing steel; 16,845 pounds of miscel- laneous metals; 270 linear feet of fencing; excavation of 337,999 cubic yards of material; removal of 771 cubic yards of obstruction and wood piling; and extension of the Hannibal and A. S. B. Bridges, is complete. East Bottoms unit: The construction of about 46,200 linear feet of levee and 1,750 linear feet of floodwall and appurtenances was initiated in April 1948 and has been completed. The con- struction of six pumping plants is complete. Surfacing of levees and slope and toe protection has been completed. Fairfax-Jersey Creek Unit: The original levees and floodwalls for this unit were completed in May and June 1941. Three pumping plants were constructed as a part of the original project and two pumping plants were constructed as a part of the mili- tary installation at Fairfax Airport. Four additional pumping plants were subsequently constructed and the five previously constructed were modified in connection with raising of the original levees. An underseepage control system and the Jersey Creek Sewer are complete. Completed work consists of 31,348 linear feet of earth levees, a levee drainage system, approximately 14,974 squares of foundation and toe-protection mattress, 30,881 squares of revetment paving, 965 linear feet of steel sheet pile wall and 4,134 linear feet of floodwalls, and nine pumping plants. Floodway Improvement, Missouri River: The general design memorandum is 95 percent complete. Liberty Bend Cutoff unit: The construction of a new highway bridge, excavation of 2 cutoffs, relocation of 2 pipelines, construc- tion of levees along both banks of the upper cutoff and the con- struction of approximately 5,000 linear feet of revetment along the left bank of the upper cutoff have been completed. The construction of 9,994 linear feet of revetment to divert the river through the new channel and protect the right bank of the lower cutoff, and an extension to the Liberty, Mo., sewer system have also been completed. North Kansas City unit airport section: The airport section is that portion of the North Kansas City unit lying west of and upstream from the Hannibal Bridge on the left bank of the Missouri River. Approximately 20,200 linear feet of levees, including stoplog and sandbag gaps and appurtenances, 19,800 linear feet of levee slope and bank protection, 552 linear feet of floodwall, and 160 linear feet of retaining wall were completed in October 1947. The installation of underseepage wells, installa- tion of additional pumping capacity in one pumping plant, and installation of a collector system for the underseepage control 908 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 system have also been completed. North Kansas City unit-lower section: The lower section of the North Kansas City unit is that portion of the unit lying east of and downstream from the Hannibal Bridge. Raising and re- locating existing levees and construction of three new pumping plants have been completed. The total cost, all new work, of the existing project to June 30, 1956, including a pending adjustment of -$612 was $36,635,962, exclusive of contributed funds of $619,665. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- $8,887,250 -$418,000 -$2,686 $3,500 _ _ -- _ '_$39,167, 388 Cost_ ------- 3,394,588 3,667,544 2,613,060 1,953,107 $1,080,348 37,255,627 1 Exclusive of $1,376.97 (proceeds from sale of plant that was revoked in fiscal year 1949). Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---- $1, 005, 536 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ -__________- 800, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------------------1, 805, 536 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 5,452,277 7. HARLAN COUNTY RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, NEBR. Location. The dam for the Harlan County Reservoir is located on the main stem of the Republican River approximately 235 miles above the confluence of the stream with the Smoky Hill River. The site is located in Harlan County, Nebr., about 3 miles east of Republican City, Nebr., and 13 miles west of Franklin, Nebr. Existing project. An earthfill dam, with a height of about 106 feet above the streambed and a total length of 11,950 feet, in- cluding a gate-controlled concrete gravity-type spillway section located near the center of the dam, impounds floodwater within the reservoir which provides storage capacity of 850,000 acre-feet, of which 500,000 acre-feet is for flood control and 350,000 acre- feet for irrigation and sedimentation allowance. The reservoir controls the runoff from approximately 83 percent of the drainage area of the Republican River and affords complete control for all floods of record. The Harlan County Reservoir will be operated to provide pro- tection from floods on the Republican River to small communities and agricultural land lying within the flood plain below the dam and in combination with proposed reservoirs to be located on other major tributaries of the Kansas River to reduce flood heights at the Kansas Citys. The reservoir will also be operated to provide storage for the irrigation of 86,700 acres of land below the dam. FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 909 This project is one unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938 (Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), as modified by the Flood Control Act, approved August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess.), to include this project, and expanded by the Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 475, and S. Does. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The cost of constructing the completed project was $45,230,083. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. New Work. Land acquisition was completed by hired labor during the fiscal year. Relocations were completed by contract. The construc- tion of the permanent warehouse and a shelter house and water supply for the south bluff, by contract, was completed. Con- struction by hired labor during the fiscal year consisted of the completion of the following: Alteration of the Franklin Canal sluice gates and development of cabin area and swimming area along the North Shore. Engineering and design and supervision and administration in connection with the above work was accom- plished by hired labor. The total cost for new work during the fiscal year was $23,380. Maintenance. This work consisted of operations, maintenance, and rehabilitation of the project, by hired labor, at a cost during the fiscal year (including a pending adjustment of -$6,013) of $82,204. The total cost for the fiscal year was $105,584 ($23,380 for new work and $82,204 for maintenance). Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in August 1946. The project was complete at the end of the fiscal year, the major portions of which were: Embankment. a. The excavation of 16,795,291 cubic yards of material. b. The placing of 9,948,186 cubic yards of impervious fill. c. The placing of 431,276 cubic yards of random fill. d. The placing of 1,236,130 cubic yards of pervious fill. e. The placing of 1,536,114 cubic yards of berm fill. Spillway. a. The placing of 445,484 cubic yards of concrete. b. The placing of 4,295,606 pounds of reinforcing steel. c. The placing of 4,188,392 pounds of miscellaneous metal. d. Construction and removal of temporary bridges across the Republican River and the spillway approach channel. Relocations. a. 32 miles of railroad. b. 48 miles. of Federal and State highways. c. County roads. d. Cemeteries. e. Rural powerlines. 910 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 f. Gas lines. g. Town of Republican City. h. A portion of the town of Alma, Nebr. i. Sewage disposal for town of Orleans, Nebr. Other. a. Removal of abandoned railroad line. b. Construction of access road within reservoir area. c. Clearing of the reservoir area. d. Acquisition of 31,760 acres of land for dam, reservoir, and relocation of railroad lines and county roads. e. Construction of two permanent residences and administra- tion building and permanent warehouse. f. Procurement of standby generator. g. Construction of facilities for health, safety, and public use. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $45,577,629 ($45,230,083 for new work, excluding materials valued at $24,198 that were received without charge to project funds, and $347,546 for maintenance). Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$215,975 -$276,000 -$373,000 -$40,000 $2, 083 $45,230,083 Cost_ ----------- 4,737,607 1,464,592 88,044 239,783 23,380 145,254,281 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... ......------ 50,000 110,000 105,100 83,000 348,100 Cost_--------------- _ ----.-- 34,295 107,161 123,886 82,204 347,546 1 Includes cost of materials furnished without cost valued at $24,198. 8. KANOPOLIS RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. The Kanopolis Dam is located on the Smoky Hill River about 19 miles west and 16 miles south of Salina, Kans., and is approximately 205 river miles above the mouth of the stream. Existing project. An earthfill dam, with a height of about 131 feet above the streambed and a total length of 15,400 feet, in- cluding 4,300 feet of dike section on the left abutment and 2,600 feet of dike section on the right abutment impounds flood water within the reservoir which provides storage capacity of 450,000 acre-feet, of which 400,000 acre-feet of capacity is for flood con- trol and 50,000 acre-feet for recreation and streamflow regulation. The outlet works and spillway are located in the right abut- ment. The reservoir will control approximately 95 percent of the drainage area of the Smoky Hill River above Salina, Kans. The Kanopolis Reservoir will be operated in combination with proposed reservoirs to be located on other major tributaries of the Kansas River. The primary purpose of the project is flood control for municipal and agricultural areas along the Smoky Hill and Kansas Rivers, with incidental benefits in reducing Missouri and Mississippi River flood stages. FLOOD CONTROL--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 911 This project is one unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 (Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) as modified by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, and ex- panded by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 475, and S. Docs. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The cost of constructing the completed project was $12,285,289. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New Work: Land acquisition was completed by hired labor during the fiscal year. Also, a service road along the downstream toe of the dam was completed, telemark equipment installed and the Reservoir Regu- lation Manual completed by hired labor at a total cost of $5,143. Maintenance. This work consisted of operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation for the project, by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year (including a pending adjustment of - $2,068) of $76,765. The total cost for the fiscal year was $81,908 ($5,143 for new work and $76,765 for maintenance). Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in June 1940 and the dam and spillway were com- pleted and ready for use in May 1948. The project was com- pleted during the fiscal year, the major portions of which were: Land acquisition. a. Purchase of 21,242 acres for the dam and reservoir area. b. Easements on 853 acres for spillway area. Diversion works. a. Excavation of 248,955 cubic yards of material. b. Placement of 17,791 cubic yards of backfill and embankment. c. Placement of 2,061,285 pounds of reinforcing steel. d. Placement of 1,270,448 pounds of steel bracing. e. Placement of 22,158 cubic yards of concrete. Embankment and spillway. a. Excavation of 19,725,320 cubic yards of material. b. Placement of 2,067,368 cubic yards of pervious fill. c. Placement of 5,302,322 cubic yards of random fill. d. Placement of 4,664,181 cubic yards of impervious fill. e. Placement of 2,072,696 cubic yards of fill in the upstream blanket. f. Placement of 1,025,196 cubic yards of fill in the downstream berm. g. Placement of 239,575 cubic yards of sand and gravel filter and riprap. h. Placement of 899,856 pounds of reinforcing steel and bracing. i. Placement of 10,060 cubic yards of concrete. Other. a. Relocation of county roads. 912 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 b. Spot sodding and mulching 175 acres of embankment. c. Administration building and residences. d. Access roads. e. Facilities for health, safety, and public use. f. Installation of a standby generator. The total cost of the existing project on June 30, 1956, was $12,900,181 ($12,285,289 for new work, excluding materials valued at $7,885 that were received without charge to project funds, and $614,892 for maintenance). Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .------- _. $35,000 $239,500 -$50,500 ------------ -$11,711 $12,285,289 Cost __---------------- 151,712 68,124 126,059 $35,287 5,143 112,293,174 Maintenance: Appropriated -----.. 79,000 90,000 93,000 91,000 74,000 616,500 Cost----------------- 77,332 83,909 89,636 97,757 76,765 614,892 1 Includes costs of materials furnished without charge in amount of $7, 885. 9. SALINA, SMOKY HILL RIVER, KANS. Location. This project is located on the Smoky Hill River about 123 miles above its mouth, immediately upstream from the confluence of the Smoky Hill River, Saline River, Mulberry Creek, and Dry Creek at Salina, Saline County, Kans. Existing Project. The plan of improvement for this project consists of 9.26 miles of channel improvement for the Smoky Hill River and Dry Creek; diversion of Dry Creek into the Smoky Hill River south of Salina, and levees and appurtenant structures along the Dry Creek diversion, the improved Smoky Hill channel and encircling Salina. This protection was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated Fedral cost of construction (1956) is $2,210,000 and the estimated non-Federal cost of lands, damages and re- locations is $1,100,000. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Preparation of the General Design Memorandum was completed and plans and specifications for the Iron Avenue cutoff and East Side levees were essentially completed by hired labor during the fiscal year at a total cost, including a pending adjustment of - $58, of $71,499. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and de- sign for preparation of plans for the initial contract for con- struction of the project is complete. The total cost of the existing project, all new work, at the end of the fiscal year, including a pending adjustment of - $58, was $71,499. FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 913 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated... ----------------------------------------------- $71,500 $71,500 Cost-------------_ ----------- _ ---- 71,499 71,499 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -_ _- $1 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___________ ___ ___- _ 400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year .ending June 30, 1957 ____________---_--_--------- 400, 001 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _-__ __ _________ __--- 1, 738, 500 10. ABILENE, SMOKY HILL RIVER, KANS. Location. The project is located along both banks of Mud Creek about 1 mile above its confluence with the Smoky Hill River at Abilene, Dickinson County, Kans. Existing project. The plan of improvement for this project consists of channel improvement for Mud Creek together with required railroad bridge alterations and levees or floodwalls along both banks of Mud Creek through the city. This protection was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated Federal cost of construction (1956) is $635,000 and the estimated non-Federal cost of lands, damages, and re- locations is $150,000. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944, applies. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Preparation of the General Design Memorandum was essentially completed and the preparation of plans and specifications for the levee and channel construction was advanced to 70 percent of completion, by hired labor, during the fiscal year at a total cost, including a pending adjustment of $1,313, of $28,209. Condition at end of fiscal year. The Design Memorandum was essentially completed and work on contract plans for the initial contract for construction of the project was about 70 percent completed. The total cost of the existing project, all new work, at the end of the fiscal year, including a pending adjustment of $1,313, was $28,209. 914 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----- ---------------------------------------- $30,000 $30,000 Cost ------- ----------------------------------------------- 28,209 28,209 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __________ $1,791 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 200, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending -------------------------------------- June 30, 1957_______ 201,791 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__________________________ 405, 000 11. MANHATTAN, KANSAS RIVER, KANS. Location. The project is located on the left bank of the Kansas River between the mouth of Wildcat Creek and the mouth of the Big Blue River at Manhattan, Riley County, Kans. Existing project. The plan of improvement for this project consists of 2.9 miles of levees and appurtenant works along the south and east sides of the city. This protection was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated Federal cost of construction (1956) is $1,610,000 and the estimated non-Federal cost of lands, damages and relo- cations is $250,000. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, applies. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Preparation of the Design Memorandum was initiated and work advanced to 10 percent of completion, by hired labor, during the fiscal year at a total cost, including a pending adjustment of $17, of $4,785. Condition at end of fiscal year. The Design Memorandum was about 10 percent completed at the end of the fiscal year. The total Federal cost of the existing project, all new work, including a pending adjustment of $17, was $4,785. FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 915 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated __.. . $15,000 $15,000 Cost-------------------------------------------------------- 4,785 4,785 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _-- $10, 215 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ -___________________- ________ 40, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ __________------------ 50,215 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_- -1,555, 000 12. TUTTLE CREEK RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. The damsite for the Tuttle Creek Reservoir is located on the main stem of the Big Blue River, approximately 12 miles above the mouth of the stream in Riley and Pottawatomie Counties, Kans. The site is about 12 miles northwest of Man- hattan, Kans. Existing project. The plan for this project provides for a dam approximately 7,200 feet long to be constructed approximate- ly 135 feet high. This project is one unit of the general compre- hensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 (Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), as modified by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, and expanded by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 475, and S. Does. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost (1956) is $92,300,000 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. In connection with the resumption of construction on the project, the field office was reopened and the radio facilities were reinstalled by hired labor. Land acquisition by hired labor during the fiscal year included acquisition in fee simple of 2,582 acres and flowage easements of 218 acres. During the fiscal year the construction bridge was rebuilt, an overlook shelter constructed on the west abutment, and a water supply system installed, by contract. Other work accom- plished, by contract, during the fiscal year consisted of: Embankment __ -_ 1,129, 645 cubic yards Excavation: From spillway area 296, 952 cubic yards For outlet works- - - -- - - 547, 786 cubic yards For roads----- 196,015 cubic yards Concrete placed- -- -_ Reinforcing steel placed---------------------- 5, 328 cubic yards 1, 680, 799 pounds Culvert pipe placed for road--------------------- 4, 949 linear feet 916 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total cost of this project (all new work) during the fiscal year (including a pending adjustment of -$10,069) was $3,481,358. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated on October 7, 1952, and construction of the outlet works conduits, first-stage embankment and spillway excavation was started. Work at the site was suspended in December 1953 due to nonappropriation of additional funds. Construction of the project was resumed on October 21, 1955. The project was about 9 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The acquisition of 6,984 acres of land in fee simple and flowage easements ac- quired for 218 acres has been accomplished. Construction of temporary bridge, administration facilities and parking areas, and installation of radio facilities have been completed. Work has been accomplished in connection with the construction of outlet works, embankment and spillway excavation, consisting of the following: a. Placement of embankment-2,575,751 cubic yards. b. Excavation for spillway and outlet works-2,834,078 cubic yards. c. Placement of concrete-22,683 cubic yards. d. Placement of reinforcing steel-2,889,185 pounds. e. Placement of culvert pipe-2,823 linear feet. The total cost of the existing project, all new work, at the end of fiscal year, including pending adjustment of - $1,884, was $8,517,055. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated....------ $561,395 $4,975,000 -$615,700 ------------ $7,500,000 $12,633,780 Cost----------------- 366,910 3,169,019 1,154,759 $113,062 3,481,358 8,517,055 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ... $1, 087, 548 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - - - - - - - ____ - - - - - - - -- -- 9,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-- ---- 10, 087, 548 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _- -- - - - 70, 666, 220 13. TOPEKA, KANSAS RIVER, KANS. Location. This project is located on the right and left banks of Kansas River at Topeka, Kans. Existing project. To facilitate construction, the project has been divided into eight separate units as follows: Auburndale unit: Construction contemplated for this unit con- sists of 1.4 miles of levee, averaging 12 foot in height, along the right bank of the Kansas River between the waterworks levee and the upstream end of the present levee, diversion of Ward FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 917 Creek to enter the Kansas River at approximate river mile 88, a pumping plant and appurtenant drainage facilities. Bridge alterations unit: Construction contemplated for this unit consists of the removal of a highway bridge and alterations of two railroad bridges over the Kansas River and the adjustment of the approaches. Channel and floodway improvement unit: Construction con- templated for this unit consists of clearing and excavating at critical points in the channel of the Kansas River from miles 82 to 86 and necessary bank protection. North Topeka unit: Construction contemplated for this unit consists of levees and appurtenances along the left bank of the Kansas River from approximate mile 88.8 to approximate mile 81.9 and 3 pumping plants to provide interior drainage. Oakland unit: Construction contemplated for this unit consists of approximately 1,800 feet of floodwall averaging 7 feet in height; approximately 7.9 miles of levee having an average height of 8.9 feet, extending from the South Topeka unit downstream along the right bank of the Kansas River to the mouth of Shunganunga Creek thence upstream along the creek to the vicinity of Fourth and Lawrence Streets. Soldier Creek unit. Construction contemplated for this unit consists of realinement and straightening of the channel of Soldier Creek along the north bluff for a distance of approximate- ly 7.8 miles to Indian Creek so as to enter the Kansas River via the new mouth for Indian Creek, and includes about 12.3 miles of levees averaging 8.7 feet in height, together with 1,800 feet of floodwalls having an average height of 6.2 feet in the vicinity of the Kansas State Industrial School. Approximately 4.3 miles of tributary tieback levees will also be required. It will also be necessary to construct a new Union Pacific Railroad bridge, raise and extend the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad bridge, extend the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad bridge and provide a stoplog structure across the Santa Fe tracks. South Topeka unit: Under the previous authorization, levees and floodwalls were constructed which provides protection to the municipal waterworks extending from approximate river mile 88.0 to 88.3. In addition, a short floodwall and levee were con- structed along the right bank from approximate river mile 84.8 to 86.2. In addition to the work accomplished under the previous authorization, it is contemplated to raise and reinforce the exist- ing levee and floodwall from approximate river mile 84.8 to 86.2, construct a pumping plant and a stoplog gap. Waterworks unit: Construction contemplated for this unit con- sists of raising and reinforcing the levee from approximate river mile 88.0 to 88.3 which was constructed under the previous authorization, the installation of pressure relief wells and a pumping plant to dispose of the seepage water. The protection authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 195, 73d Cong., 2d sess.), was modified and expanded by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). 918 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The estimated Federal cost of construction of the expanded plan (1956) is $15,600,000 and the estimated non-Federal costs of lands, damages, and relocations is $5,520,000 to be borne by local interests. Operation and results during fiscal year. Preparation of the General Design Memorandum was completed and the Appendix for the downstream portion of the Soldier Creek diversion levees was essentially completed, by hired labor, during the fiscal year at a total cost, including a pending adjustment of $1,752, of $51,931. Condition at end of fiscal year. The expanded project was ap- proximately 6 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The work accomplished under the original authorization consists of the removal of objectionable material and placing of 174,569 cubic yards of earthfill in the levee; construction of 2,016 linear feet of concrete floodwall, 6,421 linear feet of bank paving, 2,600 linear feet of waterworks protection, 3 protection enclosures at the waterworks, a floodgate, 9 sewer outlet extensions, seeding of levees and appurtenant features. The General Design Memoran- dum for the expanded plan is complete and the Appendix for the downstream portion of the Soldier Creek diversion levees was essentially complete. The total cost of the project, all new work, at the end of the fiscal year, including a pending adjustment of $1,752, was $807,441, including $7,659 contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---........ $70,000 -$50,000 -$10,000 -$19 $60,000 1$815,510 Cost----------------- 7,933 1,722 26 ------------... 51,931 807,441 1 Includes $7,659 contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ..... $8, 069 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------- __-____ 400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_______ _______ 408, 069 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__ _ _ _- _ ____ ______-_ 14, 384, 490 14. CHARITON RIVER, MO. Location. The Chariton River rises near Osceola in south central Iowa and flows in easterly and southeasterly directions approximately 140 miles to the Iowa-Missouri State line, thence south approximately 138 miles to its confluence with the Missouri River about 7 miles above Glasgow, Mo. The drainage basin of the Chariton River is approximately 150 miles long and 25 miles wide. Existing project. The plan of improvement in general con- templates drainage and protection works consisting principally FLOOD CONTROL--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT- 919 of the construction of levees, clearing and enlarging of the river channel, and the construction of cutoffs and drainage ditches for three project units, which are designated as follows: Chariton County unit, Macon-Adair Counties unit, and Reinhart Ranch Channel cutoff unit. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 628, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost of the project, revised in 1956, is $3,960,000, of which $3,700,000 is Federal cost for construction and $260,000 is the cost of lands and damages to be borne by local interests. The units involve construction approximately as follows: Chariton County unit: The plan of improvement provides for cutoffs, clearing, and enlarging the existing channel of the Chariton River and construction of tieback levees along both banks of this river. Macon-Adair Counties and Reinhart Ranch units: .The plan of improvement provides for cutoffs and clearing and enlarging the existing channel of the Chariton River. Local cooperation. All rights-of-way for construction of chan- nel improvement works have been furnished. Rights-of-way for levee construction are being obtained. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Design studies in connection with the removal of a hard point in Macon-Adair unit were accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year, including a pending adjust- ment of $45, was $71. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in February 1948. The project was 32 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year based on the present approved working estimate. The construction of cutoffs, enlarg- ing, the Chariton River channel from mile 13.6 to the mouth and the construction of revetment and bank protection at the mouth was completed. The construction of cutoffs, enlarging, and clearing of the Chariton River channel from mile 13.6 to 19.9 in upper Chariton County unit was completed. The construction of ditches, cutoffs, and enlarging and clearing of the Chariton River channel in the Macon-Adair Counties and Reinhart Ranch units was completed. Engineering and design for construction of tieback levees along the new channel near the mouth was underway. The total cost, all new work, of the existing project to June 30, 1956, was $1,121,053. 920 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $111,000 _" --6-2 -- $6,588 -$21,500 -$1,124,912 Cost__ - 255,908 $66,281 $13,524 21,045 $71 1,121,053 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $3, 859 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__________________________________ 3, 859 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__________________________ 2,575,088 15. POMONA RESERVOIR, ONE HUNDRED TEN MILE CREEK, KANS. Location. The proposed damsite for the Pomona Reservoir is located on One Hundred Ten Mile Creek, a tributary of the Marais des Cygnes (Osage) River, 7 miles above the mouth of the stream in Osage County, Kansas, about 7 miles northwest of Pomona, Kansas, and 34 miles upstream from Ottawa, Kansas. Existing project. The preliminary plan for this project pro- vides for earthfill dam about 7,500 feet long to be constructed to an elevation about 100 feet above the streambed, with gated outlet works and an ungated chute-type spillway near the left abutment. This project is one unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin, authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost (1956) is $14,100,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Preparation of the General Design Memorandum was initiated and advanced to 15 percent of completion during the fiscal year at a cost, including a pending adjustment of - $544, of $25,228. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preparation of the General Design Memorandum was 15 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The total cost of the existing project, all new work, including a pending adjustment of - $544, was $25,228. FLOOD CONTROL--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 921 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $45,000 $45,000 Cost .-- ------------------------------------------------ 25,228 25,228 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ __-_ $19, 772 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __-____-____-________________________ 85, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________________----------- 104, 772 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ __________ _-- _____---- 13, 970, 000 16. OTTAWA, OSAGE (MARAIS DES CYGNES) RIVER, KANS. Location. This project is located on both banks of the Osage (Marais des Cygnes) River at Ottawa, Franklin County, Kansas. Existing project. The plan of improvement for this project consists of 3.1 miles of channel improvement through the city, 3.0 miles of levees, .2 mile of channel paving, 4 pumping plants to remove interior drainage and bridge extensions. This protection was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated Federal cost of construction (1956) is $3,380,000, and the estimated non-Federal cost of lands, damages and relocations is $770,000. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of the General Design Memorandum was initiated and advanced to 38 percent of completion, by hired labor, at a cost during the fiscal year, including a pending adjustment of - $945, of $26,139. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preparation of the General Design Memorandum was 38 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year at a total cost, all new work (including a pending ad- justment of -$945) of $26,139. 922 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--- $30,000 $30,000 Cost-------------- ----- ----- ------------------- 26,139 26,139 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------ $3, 861 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 80,000 -____________-______-__________ Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ - -- _ 83, 861 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_-_______ 3, 270, 000 17. POMME DE TERRE RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, MO. Location. The proposed damsite for the Pomme de Terre Reservoir is located on the main stem of the Pomme de Terre River, approximately 38 miles above the mouth of the stream in Hickory County, Mo., the reservoir extending upstream into Polk County, Mo. The site is about 3 miles south of Hermitage, Mo., and 37 miles east and north of Lebanon, Mo. Existing project. The plan of this project provides for a dam about 1,380 feet long to be constructed to an elevation 155 feet above the riverbed with provision for power-generating facilities. This project is one unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin, authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1948 (Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), as modified by the Flood Control Acts, approved December 22, 1944, and September 3, 1954, (H. Doc. 475, and S. Docs. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. and H. Doc. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost (1956) is $18,700,000 for the flood control project and $7,300,000 for the power plant features of the project. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The design memor- andum for real estate acquisition and contract plans and specifica- tions for the initial contract for construction of the project was completed, by hired labor, at a cost during the fiscal year, in- cluding pending adjustment of -$119, of $5,049. Condition at end of fiscal year. Basic design memorandums and contract plans and specifications for the initial contract for construction of the project are complete. The total cost of the existing project, all new work, at the end of the fiscal year, was $527,502, FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 923 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...------- $307,300 -$140,000 -$7,000 __ ------ $5,000 $527,502 Cost-----------.... - 94,335 66,556 70,127 $27,920 5,049 527,502 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------------------------------- $800, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ 800, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ----------------------- 17, 372, 498 18. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount re- see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Arlington Reservoir, Mo----___ -____-----__._ 1948 8,651 3 $27,191,349 Bartley, Mo. River Basin, Nebr_ .............- _ 1953 118,269 (1) Beatrice, Big Blue River, Nebr _______- ____ (2) 568,000 Chillicothe Reservoir, Grand River, Mo ___ .. (4) ________________--*______ * 65,800,000 Fort Scott Reservoir, Marmaton R., Kans (2) -___------ ______________ -- 16,000,000 Garnett Reservoir, Pottawatomie Creek, Kans_ (2) -____-------- ___ ---........... 14,800,000 Hackleman Corners Reservoir, Cedar Creek, Mo ..... ------------------------ Mo (2) 16,400,000 (2)------------- ----- 16,400,000 Hillsdale Reservoir, Big Bull Creek, Kans ___ (2) --- ______----------__ -__ 9,000,000 Hubbell, Rose Creek, Nebr _______............... (4) ______---- ____---,_ 12,000 Indianola, Nebr____ ..... ---- -_______- _ 1950 67,275 ------------ - (1) Kasinger Bluff, Reservoir, Osage River, Mo .... (2) 102,000,000 Lawrence, Kansas River, Kans-..-.............. (2) ............... 2,920,000 Marysville, Big Blue River, Kans ..... Melvern Reservoir, Osage (Marais des Cygnes) ________........ (2) ________.. ______...... 362,000 River, Kans ...--- (2) --------------------------- 20,400,000 Merriam, Turkey Creek, Kans_----.----------- (2) .___---..____..____________ 431,000 Milford Reservoir, Republican River, Kans..... (2) -- _41,000,000 Mystic, Walnut Creek, Iowa___-------------- (4) _________-_ 50,000 Osawatomie, Osage (Marais des Cygnes) River, Kans.... ----------------------------------- (2) .---..-.....---.-----.--------770,000 Perry Reservoir, Delaware River, Kans--___._.. (2)- .---..-------- _ -. ----.-17,800,000 Pioneer Reservoir, Missouri River Basin, Kans__ 1952 95,692 - ..-- .--.--.-- ** 19,904,308 Rathbun Reservoir, Chariton River, Iowa _... (2) - --- 21,000,000 Richland Reservoir, Mo------ ......... .----- - 1948 8,548 ------------ * 5 33,291,452 Stockton Reservoir, Sac River, Mo ............. (2) --.--. - _......_ -----.... 40,800,000 Wilson Reservoir, Saline River, Kans----------........... (5) 15,450,000 * 1954 Estimate. 1 Complete. 2 Authorized in FY 1955. 3 Deferred for restudy. 4 Inactive. 5Construction by Corps of Engineers authorized in 1956. 924 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 19. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Inspection of completed works was made during the fiscal year in the Kansas City District on the following flood protection projects: Project Inspection Cost Missouri River Agricultural Levees____- _-- -_-_$1, _ 107 Kansas City Flood-Control Project_-- _ 2, 146 Chariton River, Mo.________________--- 618 Topeka, Kans.__________________------ 358 Stonehouse Creek, Kans.____________- 316 Seward, Nebr._________---------- 296 Bartley, Nebr.____________------------- 192 Indianola, Nebr.______________-------- 281 Mouth of Delaware River, Kans._ 207 Smoky Hill River south of Solomon, Kans.- 63 Kansas River at Lawrence, Kans._____ 92 Republican River near McCook, Nebr._ 150 County Bridge near Eudora, Kans. 28 Missouri River at New Haven, Mo. - - 64 The total cost of inspections by hired labor (including a pending adjustment of - $118 was $5,800. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $600 $2,000 $4,600 $6, 500 $5,800 $21,600 Cost----------------- 350 1,073 5,601 6,862 5,800 21,600 20. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) Costs were incurred on the following projects during the fiscal year. Missouri River at New Haven, Mo.: Construction, by hired labor, during the fiscal year consisted of initiation of work on a sewer modification. Preparation of "as-built" drawings and operation and maintenance manual, engineering and design in connection with the above, and supervision and administration were accomplished by hired labor. The total cost during the fiscal year, (including a pending adjustment of $42, was $1,035. Salt Creek at Barnard, Kans.: Adjustment in the amount of - $3 in the cost of definite project studies was made during the fiscal year. Total costs incurred to end of fiscal year Section 212 projects are as follows: Stonehouse Creek, Jefferson County, Kans-_ __ $142, 552 Seward, Big Blue River, Nebr-____ 126, 887 Missouri River at New Haven, Mo-____ 139, 250 Salt Creek at Barnard, Kans -_ __ 4, 490 Total ----------------------------------------- - $413, 179 GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-KANSAS CITY, MO., DIST. 925 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- .----- $7,000 $148,700 $142,652 -$31,113 $413,939 Cost- --------------- 88,813 171,118 16,873 126,679 $1,032 413,179 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $760 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 140,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ _______________ __ 140, 760 Emergency flood-control activities. (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation.) The following work was performed during the fiscal year: Description of Work Cost Advance Preparation for flood emergencies _____ $9, 489 Flood emergency operations ______________________________ 9, 346 Repair and Restoration _ 8, 314 This work was accomplished by hired labor at a cost (including a pending adjustment of -$1,469) of $25,680. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated - .. $12,965,975$17,552,500_ $15,000 $7,800 1$39,410,225 CostL - - 18,323,245 11,398,125 $783,388 60,466 25,680 '39,409,114 1 Exclusive of $131,343 contributed funds. 21. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Preliminary examinations and survey reports were under preparation during the fiscal year by hired labor. Land use studies in connection with the Kansas River Review report were underway, by contract, at a cost during the fiscal year of $1,000. The total cost during the fiscal year, including a pending adjust- ment of $822, was $45,688. Funds remaining amounting to $1,077 plus the allotment of $40,700 will be applied during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1957, to the continuation of work on preliminary examination and survey reports presently assigned to this district. 22. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Collection of storm study data was continued by hired labor during the fiscal year at a cost, including a pending adjustment of -$16, of $257. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT This district comprises a small portion of southwestern North Dakota, all of South Dakota except the northwestern corner and a small northeastern portion, southeastern corner of Montana, east- ern and south central Wyoming, a portion of north central Colo- rado, all of Nebraska except the southern portion, western Iowa, and a small portion of southwestern Minnesota, all embraced in the drainage basin of the Missouri River along the main stem and tributaries to Rulo, Nebr., except for that portion of the James River lying in North Dakota. The navigation improvement of that section of the Missouri River from Rulo, Nebr., to Kansas City, Mo. (Quindaro Bend), is under the jurisdiction of the Kansas City, Mo., District. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page 1. Missouri River, Kansas City 13. Cherry Creek Dam and Res- to Sioux City _-_ _ __-____ 927 ervoir, Colo 946 2. Other authorized navigation 14. South Platte River, Colo - - - 948 projects-_- _____- 932 15. Chatfield Reservoir, South Platte River Basin, Colo__ 948 Flood Control 16. South Platte River levees and channel improvements, 3. Fall River Basin, S. Dak _ _ __ _ 932 Chatfield Reservoir to Fort 4. Missouri River Basin, Omaha Morgan, Colo-_- ___._ 949 D istrict ___ _ ____ _ 934 17. Missouri River agricultural 5. Oahe Reservoir, Missouri River levees, Sioux City to Mouth Basin, S. Dak. and N. Dak_ 936 (Sioux City, Iowa to Rulo, 6. Fort Randall Reservoir, Mis- Nebr)- 950 souri River Basin, S. Dak__ 937 18. Other authorized flood-control 7. Gavins Point Reservoir, Mis- projects __ 952 souri River Basin, S. Dak. 19. Inspection of completed flood- and Nebr__ ___ _ ____ 939 control works_ 952 8. Missouri River, Kenslers Bend, 20. Flood-control work under spe- Nebr. to Sioux City, Iowa_ 941 cial authorization _ __ __ _ 953 9. McCook Lake, S. Dak ...... 942 10. Sioux Falls, S. Dak_ 943 General Investigations 11. Little Sioux River and its trib- utaries, Iowa__ __ 944 21. Examinations and surveys 954 12. Norfolk, Elkhorn River Basin, 22. Research and development ._ 954 Nebr .... 946 1. MISSOURI RIVER, KANSAS CITY TO SIOUX CITY Location. The Jefferson, Madison, and Gallatin Rivers conjoin at Three Forks, Mont., to form the Missouri River, which flows southeasterly 2,464.4* miles across or along seven States to the Mississippi River, 17 miles above St. Louis. The river is the boundary between the States of Missouri, Kan- sas, Nebraska, and Iowa. For description, see page 1149, Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. Under the River and Harbor Act of August 14, 1876, the first regulation works were constructed at St. Joseph and Nebraska City, but a project for systematic river improve- ment was not adopted until August 2, 1882, modified by the River * 1941 adjusted mileage. 927 928 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 and Harbor Acts of July 5, 1884, September 19, 1890, and June 13, 1902. For further details see page 1893, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1175, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel of 9-foot depth and width not less than 300 feet, to be obtained by revetment of banks, construction of permeable dikes to contract and stabilize the waterway, cutoffs to eliminate long bends, closing of minor channels, removal of snags and dredging as required. Length of section under improvement (upper end of Quindaro Bend to Sioux City) is 376.3 miles. The ordinary fluctuation is about 14 feet and the extreme fluctuation about 38 feet. The estimated cost of new work, revised (July 1956), is $220,- 900,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $3,200,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and Harbor Acts : Acts Work authorized Documents' Jan. 21, 1927 Appropriation of $12,000,000 authorized for the exist- H. Doe. 1120, 60th Cong., 2d sess. ing project. July 3, 1930 Appropriation of $15,000,000 additional authorized; additional allotments totaling $29,153,108 were made by the Public Works Administration under the provisions of the National Industrial Recovery Act of June 16, 1933, and $9,669,791.92 allotted under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropria- tion Act of Apr. 8, 1935. Aug. 30, 1935 For completion of the project from the mouth to H. Doc. 238, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Sioux City, Iowa. Mar. 2, 1945 For a channel of 9-foot depth and 300-foot width ..- _ _H. Doc. 214, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contains the latest published maps of Missouri River. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Facilities for loading and unloading grain, petroleum products, and other commodities are at various loca- tions of the river. These facilities are listed in the following table: RIVERS AND HARBORS-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 929 Location I I Description of facility' Miles above2 Bank Nearest town mouth Ways for manufacturing and launching floating equipment__ 670.3 Right Blair, Nebr. Temporary terminal with facilities for handling and storing 640.6 Right Omaha, Nebr. petroleum products. Grain elevator, headhouse, and conveyor, publicly owned__ 632.3 Right Do. Dock, publicly owned, mobile cranes available, privately 632.2 Right Do. owned. Facilities for unloading and storing molasses .... _..... 631.8 Right Do. Dock and warehouse, publicly owned_---- _ __ 608.5 Right Plattsmouth, Nebr. Facilities for unloading and storing molasses .....---------- 580.0 Right Nebraska City, Nebr. Concrete platform and 10-ton derrick with 120-foot boom for 579.6 Right Do. loading and unloading barges, publicly owned. Grain elevator and conveyor_---------------------- 579.6 Right Do. Sand and gravel transfer _ -_ 579.6 Right Do. Grain elevator and conveyor ._.- 551.9 Right Brownville, Nebr. Sand and gravel transfer_ __------------------------ 514.5 Right Rulo, Nebr. Temporary oil line to river bank______ 514.4 Right Do. Sand and gravel transfer_____ ___________________ 461.2 Left St. Joseph, Mo. Facilities for loading grain and unloading molasses -....... Bulk-handling facilities, publicly owned, to be privately 458.3 434.9 Left Right Do. Atchison, Kans. operated. Sand and gravel transfer................ ................. 434.6 Left Atchison, Kans. Sand and gravel transfer_---- ----- -- 407.3 Right Leavenworth, Kans. Marine ways and docks....____________ __________ 407.2 Right Leavenworth, Kans. Facilities for unloading and storing pipe _-_ .- __ 393.7 Right Pomeroy, Kans. Facilities for unloading petroleum products, storage depot 387.5 Left Parkville, Mo. -Government-owned. 1 Privately owned and operated unless otherwise indicated. 2 1941 adjusted mileage. The above-listed facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Promotion of additional facilities at the following locations, as soon as conditions warrant, is contemplated: Sioux City, Sloan, Whiting, Onawa, Blencoe, and Council Bluffs, Iowa; South Sioux City, Decatur, Tekamah, Blair, Omaha, Nebraska City, and Rulo, Nebr.; St. Joseph and North Kansas City, Mo.; and Leavenworth and Kansas City, Kans. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: This work consisted of construction, by contract, on 181 pile dikes and 78 pile dike extensions totaling 109,415 linear feet, 83 lengths of revetment totaling 187,278 linear feet, and dredging and point re- moval of 606,138 cubic yards of material in connection with con- struction and removal of 1,165 linear feet of existing structures at a total cost of $8,426,830; completion of dredging of pilot canal in Upper Decatur Bend (1,484,110 cubic yards of material dredged) at a cost of $424,334; construction, by hired labor, of 24 pile dikes and 3 pile dike extensions totaling 9,240 linear feet, and 9 lengths of revetment totaling 7,893 linear feet at a total cost of $320,369; removal of 13,034 linear feet of existing structures at a total cost of $99,201; payment for lands and damages at a cost of $51,777; clear- ing of dredge site for point removal, by contract, at a cost of $11,166; 450,845 cubic yards of point removal to secure better alinement at a cost of $39,917; removal of 955,360 cubic yards of material from 2 locations in connection with construction by the U. S. dredge Lewis, and 86,240 cubic yards of material from 1 locality by the U. S. dredge Chittenden at a total cost of $92,465. 930 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total cost during the fiscal year of all new work, including engineering and design, $170,509; supervision and administration, $630,456; and pending adjustments of $41,704, was $10,308,728. Maintenance: This work consisted of construction, by contract, of repair and replacement of 25,114 linear feet of pile dikes, 52,098 linear feet of revetment, and removal of 38 linear feet of existing structures at a total cost of $1,245,035; the accomplishment, by hired labor, of repair or replacement of 30,724 linear feet of pile dikes and 86,335 linear feet of revetment at a total cost of $1,113,- 686, removal of 1,115,005 cubic yards of material from the channel at 3 localities by the U. S. dredge Lewis, 130,020 cubic yards of material from 2 localities by the U. S. dredge Chittenden, and 2,731,252 cubic yards of material from 18 localities by the U. S. dredge Black at a total cost of $192,942; placing of 1,522,750 cubic yards of earthfill in connection with structure repairs by the U. S. dredge Lewis, and 251,450 cubic yards by the U. S. dredge Chittenden at a total cost of $136,828; land acquisition in connection with repair work made necessary by the St. Joseph avulsion, $5,667; reconstruction of water line for the city of St. Joseph, Mo., damaged in 1952 by St. Joseph avulsion, $19,200; and real estate management at a cost of $93. Other miscelleneous costs, all charged to maintenance, were: Stream gaging for special studies and working data at a cost of $31,345; snagging at a cost of $2,767; surveys and mapping at a cost of $68,691; navi- gation studies at a cost of $3,348; channel reconnaissance and chan- nel marking at a cost of $174,439. The total cost during the fiscal year of all maintenance work, including engineering and design, $11,011; supervision and admin- istration, $252,606; and pending adjustments of $4,804, was $3,- 262,462. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in fiscal year 1928 and the scheduled completion date for the Sioux City to Omaha section is fiscal year 1967 and for the Omaha to Kansas City section is fiscal year 1964. The work on the entire project Kansas City, Mo. to Sioux City, Iowa, was approximately 59 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, based on the present approved estimate of cost. Kansas City to Omaha: The work on this section of the project was approximately 79 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The work remaining to be done to complete this section of the project consists principally of the construction of additional bank stabilization structures and the strengthening of existing pile structures to improve their effectiveness and to prevent their deterioration prior to final stabilization of the banks. Consider- able progress has been made in alleviating the more critical erosion problems caused by severe floods, curtailment during World War II, and insufficient funds since the war. A reliable channel suit- able for limited navigation is available through this section. The practical draft at ordinary stages of the river is 6 to 61/2 feet, with additional depths available during high stages. Commercial navi- gation was inaugurated on this section in May 1939 but was in- RIVERS AND HARBORS-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 931 terrupted due to the war from 1942 until October 1946, at which time common carrier transportation service was inaugurated. Omaha to Sioux City: The work between Omaha, Nebr. and Sioux City, Iowa was approximately 37 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Much of the river had reverted to its original wild state prior to resumption of work in 1955. Bank erosion is severe at many locations owing to loss of alinement and pro- gressive deterioration and destruction of control works resulting from curtailment of work during World War II and inadequate funds for new work and maintenance over a 10-year period fol- lowing the war. The channel for this section limits drafts to approximately 4 feet, prohibiting commercial navigation. Construction, repair and strengthening of structures is under- way in this section of the project in the localities Sioux City to Dakota City, a 16-mile stretch in the vicinity of Decatur, Nebr., and Fort Calhoun to Omaha, Nebr., and control is being regained in these stretches. Under the existing project for systematic work on the 9-foot channel, the work accomplished includes 1,519,071 linear feet of revetment for permanently fixing the banks, 2,503,779 linear feet of pile dikes, 10,142 linear feet of rock dikes, 143,884 linear feet of abatis, 2,287 linear feet of jetties, recrowning 700 linear feet of an existing levee, 19,218 linear feet of retards for stabilization of channel widths, construction of 5 impermeable structures to close off auxiliary channels, construction of 48,237 linear feet of asphalt revetment, effecting 3 channel cutoffs, and removal of 96,703,791 cubic yards of material dredged from the channel to obtain project depth and width. The total cost of work under the existing project to June 30, 1956, is: Cost New work Maintenance Total Regular funds__ _------------------------ $91,102,496 $44,408,266 $135,510,762 Public works funds_ ....------------------ 29,038,236 114,180 29,152,416 Emergency relief funds-___- --------------- 9,613,073 56,645 9,669,718 Total funds ________---- ----------- $129,753,805 $44,579,091 $174,332,896 932 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ......____ $4,000,000 $4,223,000 $3,500,000 $6,300,000 $9,450,000 1 $132,615,558 Cost----------------- 3,603,319 5,959,473 3,893,654 5,235,616 10,308,728 1132,340,422 Maintenance: Appropriated- .... 4,182,000 5,520,700 3,251,000 3,466,000 3,205,000 245,200,033 Cost...-...-.- ..... 4,035,078 6,136,140 3,373,986 3,469,286 3,262,462 245,149,295 1 Includes $29,038,236.29 National Industrial Recovery Act funds and $9,613,073.19 emergency relief funds. Also includes an amount for previous project of $2,586,616.56. 2 Includes $114,180.14 National Industrial Recovery Act funds and $56,644.65 emergency funds. Also includes an amount for previous project of $570,203.93. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _-- $91, 228 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ____________- ______ 9,800,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- _ __ _____ 9, 891, 228 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ _ __ _ _________ 81, 071, 059 2. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures Estimated full report June 30, 1956 amount re- Name of project see Annual quired to Report complete for- New work Maintenance Big Sioux River, S. Dak., and Iowa _.......... 1952 -------------- -$965,000 Missouri River, Sioux City, Iowa, to Fort Ben- ton, Mont...------------------------------- 1948 $3,123,141 $644,863 (1) 1 Project complete. 3. FALL RIVER BASIN, S. DAK. Location. The work covered by this project is located in Custer and Fall River Counties, S. Dak., in and near the town of Hot Springs. The Hot Springs unit is in the town of Hot Springs, im- mediately south of the junction of Cold Brook and Hot Brook which combine to form Fall River; the Cold Brook Reservoir unit is ap- proximately 11/4 miles north of the town of Hot Springs on Cold Brook; and the Cottonwood Springs unit is approximately 41/2 miles west of the town of Hot Springs on Cottonwood Springs Creek, one-half mile upstream from its confluence with Hot Brook. Existing project. The project as authorized by the Flood Con- trol Act approved August 18, 1941, is a plan of flood protection on the Fall River and tributaries, South Dakota, substantially in ac- cordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 655, 76th Congress, 3d session. The general plan of improvement provides for the protection from flood dam- age of the people and property of the town of Hot Springs, S. Dak. FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 933 The Hot Springs channel improvement unit provides for the widening, deepening, and straightening of the present channel of Fall River from a point near the confluence of Hot Brook and Cold Brook to a point 400 feet below the Eighth Street Bridge or a total distance of approximately 6,000 feet. Clearing of trees, boulders, concrete slabs, and all obstructions to flow is provided for. The Cold Brook Reservoir unit is designed to control an area of 70.5 square miles, and have a capacity of 6,000 acre-feet at spill- way crest, with surcharge at maximum pool of 5,114 acre-feet. The following features are included: Construction of an earth- fill dam with uncontrolled outlet; and uncontrolled reinforced concrete conduit under the dam; and a spillway with a discharge capacity of 85,000 cubic feet per second at maximum pool elevation through solid rock adjacent to the reservoir. The Cottonwood Springs Reservoir unit will control an area of 26 square miles and have a capacity of 6,160 acre-feet at spillway crest with surcharge at maximum pool of 2,114 acre-feet. The following features are included: Construction of an earthfill dam faced upstream and downstream by dump rock; an uncon- trolled reinforced concrete conduit under the dam; and a spillway of 16,100 cubic feet per second capacity at maximum pool eleva- tion through the solid rock right abutment. The (July 1956) estimated Federal cost is $4,700,000, the esti- mated local cost (July 1956) is $138,200. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to bear the expense of bridge modifications and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will take such measures as may be necessary to prevent any encroachments upon the flood channel capacities to be provided by the improvements. The assurances of local cooperation for the Hot Springs unit were approved by the Secretary of War, May 18, 1946. Operation and results during fiscal year. Ten claims for dam- ages to wells below Cold Brook Dam which were filed pursuant to Public Law 625, 83d Congress, 2d Session, were processed on an individual basis and forwarded to higher authority with the Dis- trict Engineer's recommendations. Payment was made on two of these claims, one claim was disallowed, and final settlement is pend- ing on the balance. Total cost of new work for the fiscal year was $11,513, all from regular funds. Operation and maintenance activities included the continuation of sedimentation studies, reservoir regulation studies a.nd inter- mittent inspections of the dam and structures at a cost of $3,516 during the fiscal year, all from regular funds. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction of the Hot Springs Unit was completed during fiscal year 1951. The cost of this unit was $1,063,945, exclusive of contributed funds of $4,250. Construction of the Cold Brook unit dam and appurtenances Was complete in fiscal year 1953 with the exception of a road and parking area which were completed by contract dur- 934 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ing fiscal year 1955. Preparation of the master plan for the Cold Brook Reservoir management and public-use development is com- plete. Final settlement of claims for damages to wells on the Cold Brook unit is pending. Design memoranda studies required for the Cottonwood Springs Reservoir unit have been deferred. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $2,684,809, exclusive of contributed funds of $4,250. The total cost of operation and maintenance activities to the end of the fiscal year was $14,520. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _ __. $425,000 $425,000 -$96,665 -$43,335 ___ $2,690,000 Cost-L-- - Maintenance: 519,507 320,479 12,610 11,939 $11,513 12,684,809 Appropriated------ ___ ------------ ______ 7,600 4,000 3,000 14,600 Cost --- 6,804 4,200 3,516 14,520 1 In addition the sum of $4,250 was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____-____-______-_________ ___ (2) Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------___ $2,010,000 2 All unexpended funds have been obligated pending settlement of claims for damages to privately owned wells filed pursuant to PL 625, 83d Cong., 2d sess. In the event allowances for damages exceed available funds additional funds will be requested during fiscal year 1957. 4. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, OMAHA DISTRICT Location. The flood-control improvements included in this proj- ect are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the principal tributaries of the Missouri River and are located in the States comprising the Missouri River Basin. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth and reservoirs located on the main stem of the Missouri River and on the tributaries for control of flood-flows at the dam sites. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: FLOOD CONTROL--OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 935 Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 28, 1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, River Basin and authorized $9,000,000 for initia- 75th Cong., 1st sess. tion and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18, 1941 Modified the general comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Harlan County Dam and Reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr., and authorized $7,000,000 addi- tional expenditure. Dec. 22, 1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24, 1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17, 1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprhensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. Sept. 3, 1954 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $217,710,000 H. Doc. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess. additional expenditure. 1 Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. Included in the comprehensive plan are the following projects in the Omaha district: Estimated Project Federal cost Missouri River agricultural levees, Sioux City, Iowa, to Rulo, Nebr ----------------- 1 $44,000,000 Oahe Reservoir, S. Dak. and N. Dak..--- .............-------------------------------------- 1 380,000,000 Fort Randall Reservoir, S. Dak---- ---------------------------------- 1 185,700,000 Gavins Point Reservoir, S. Dak. and Nebr__------------------------------------- 1 47,800,000 Big Bend Reservoir, S. Dak---- ---------------------------------------------- 75,600,000 Sioux City, Iowa---- -------------------------------------------------------- 1,410,000 Omaha, Nebr--- ----------------------------------------------------- 25,897,721 Council Bluffs, Iowa_ -------------------------------------------------------- __. 2 2,557,680 1 Details presented in individual report. 2 Completed. Operations and results during fiscal year. The operations dur- ing the fiscal year, together with costs for those projects on which plans were in preparation, are shown in individual reports. Condition at end of fiscal year. The conditions of the various projects on which work had been initiated are given in individual reports. Under sections 7 and 9 of Public Law 534, Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is respon- sible for detailed scheduling of operations of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reservoirs constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. The cost of work under this heading during the fiscal year was $38,950. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 Maintenance: Appropriated- ..--... $20,000 $28,000 $32,700 $42,000 $39,000 $176,700 Cost----------------- 22,546 20,593 38,952 39,144 38,950 172,578 936 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 5. OAHE RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN S. DAK. AND N. DAK. Location. The Oahe dam site is located on the Missouri River in Hughes and Stanley Counties, S. Dak., about 6 miles northwest of Pierre, S. Dak., and 1,123 miles above the mouth of the river. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a rolled- earthfill dam with a maximum height of 242 feet and reservoir for flood control, irrigation, navigation, hydroelectric power, and other purposes, with a gross storage capacity of 23,600,000 acre-feet at maximum operating pool. It provides for power installation of 7 units nominally rated at 85,000 kilowatts each. The existing proj- ect was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944 (PL 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), as part of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin. The estimated cost (July 1956) is $380,000,000 for the project, including ultimate power. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of plans and specifications continued by hired labor. Acquisition of reser- voir lands was continued. In accordance with Public Law 776, 83d Congress, 2d Session, payment of $5,384,014 was made to the Cheyenne Indians. Preliminary studies on reservoir railroad crossings were completed by an architect-engineer firm. A ne- gotiated contract was entered into with an architect-engineer firm for design of the powerhouse. Agreement was reached with the Cheyenne Indians on the site and scope of work to be performed in connection with agency relocations and a Memorandum of Under- standing was submitted to higher authority for approval. The State of South Dakota continued design work for highway reloca- tions and awarded a contract for furnishing steel bearing pile for the Forest City Bridge. Work continued on a negotiated con- tract with the City of Pollock, S. Dak. for relocation of sewer, water and municipal facilities. Minor negotiated contracts for relocation of power and telephone lines were completed. A negotiated contract was entered into with the City of Mobridge for design and construction of a water treatment plant. Construction contracts were awarded for Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad relocations from Glenham to Mobridge; Spillway earthwork stage I; and earthwork stage V. Construc- tion continued on contracts for intake and upstream flood-control tunnels; stilling basin; downstream flood-control tunnels; earth- work stage IV; and outlet works control substructure. Construc- tion was completed on contracts for earthwork stage III, and in- take bulkhead frames. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $24,674,737. Conditions at the end of the fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in August 1948. Land acquisition was ap- proximately 39 percent complete. The State of South Dakota had FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 937 completed plans and specifications for relocation of U. S. Highway 212 and the Forest City Bridge substructure. Construction was about to be initiated on contracts for Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad relocations from Glenham to Mobridge. Plans and specifications for the East Access Road were complete and ready for advertisement pending receipt of necessary real estate interests. Design studies were in progress in connection with outlet works control superstructure, control shafts gantry crane, spillway earthwork stage II, outlet works gate frames and guides, control gates, control gate hoists, regulating gates and hoists, power structures, remaining earthwork, and relocations of high- ways, railroads, cemeteries and utilities. The status of construc- tion contracts in force was as follows: intakes and upstream tunnels, 99 percent complete; earthwork stage IV, 71 percent com- plete; downstream tunnels, 35 percent complete; control shafts sub- structure, 20 percent complete; stilling basin, 35 percent complete; spillway earthwork stage I, 45 percent complete and earthwork stage V, 4 percent complete. Work was in progress by an archi- tect-engineer firm for design of the powerhouse. The entire project was approximately 14 percent complete based on the estimated project cost. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $54,628,777. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1953 1954 1955 1952 New Work Appropriated .----_.$3,770,000 $2,985,000 $6,550,000 $9,700,000 $31,384,014 $63,989,014 Cost----------------- 3,556,714 3,605,872 4,958,130 9,612,508 24,674,737 54,628,777 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .____ $2, 177, 365 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __----_ 27, 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------ 29, 677, 365 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------288, 510, 986 6. FORT RANDALL RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, S. DAK. Location. The Fort Randall Dam site is located on the Missouri River in Charles Mix and Gregory Counties, S. Dak., about 82 miles above Yankton, S. Dak. The site is 922 miles above the mouth of the Missouri River and 162 miles above Sioux City, Iowa. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a rolled- earthfill dam with a maximum height of 160 feet and a reservoir for flood control, irrigation, navigation, hydroelectric power, and other purposes, with a gross storage capacity of 6,300,000 acre- feet at maximum operating pool. It provides for the ultimate power installation of 8 units nominally rated at 40,000 kilowatts each. 938 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (PL 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), as part of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin. The estimate of cost (July 1956) is $185,700,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operation and results during fiscal year. Preparation of con- tract plans and specifications by hired labor was continued and a contract for design of the hydroelectric power plant was com- pleted. Although acquisition of land was completed in prior years, final court awards and disposal of improvements was continued. Negotiated contracts with the State of South Dakota for the relo- cation of South Dakota State Highway No. 47 and U. S. Nos. 16, 18, and 281 and with the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad for materials and right-of-way involved in the relocation of railroad facilities in the vicinity of Chamberlain and Oacoma S. Dak. were essentially completed. Condemnation proceedings for the relocation of county and township roads in Charles Mix County were completed. Pursuant to an agreement made with the Bureau of Indian Affairs for the relocation of facilities serving the Crow Creek Indian Reservation, contracts were completed for the construction of the elementary school; miscellaneous buildings, and road "D." Contracts for relocation of the trans-township Tele- phone Company's facilities; for construction of tailwater depress- ing system; furnishing of voltage regulators; seeding and plant- ing, stage IV; and grading, topsoiling, and seeding the embank- ment and downstream chalk berm were completed. The follow- ing contracts were continued: Powerhouse superstructure, includ- ing the regulating gates structure; turbines; generators; main con- trol boards; main and neutral switchgear; and wildlife habitat planting. Two additional generators were placed in operation during the year. Continuing contracts for penstocks and surge tanks; crest roadway and public service roads; roads, parking areas, and boat ramps, section II; regulating gate and frame; monorail equipment; stoplogs, and lifting beams and bulkheads for tunnel No. 10; circuit breakers; transformers; and turbine governors were completed. Two contracts were initiated and one contract initiated and completed for miscellaneous building work in the powerhouse and intake structure. Special turbine tests were conducted by contract and hired labor. Contracts were initiated for the construction of roads, parking areas and boat ramps, section III and roads and miscellaneous items. Construc- tion of minimum recreation facilities was continued by hired labor. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $2,671,332. Operation and Maintenance: The Fort Randall Reservoir was operated in conjunction with the Fort Peck, Garrison, and Gavins Point Reservoirs for flood control, navigation, production of power, irrigation water supply, maintenance of low water flows, and other purposes. The total cost of operation and maintenance activities during the fiscal year was $515,506. FLOOD CONTROL---OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 939 Condition at end of the fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in May 1946. Preparation of detailed plans was complete, and preparation of contract plans and specifications by hired labor was about 99 percent complete. A contract for the design of the hydroelectric power plant was complete. Acquisi- tion of land for the dam and reservoir was complete; however, 78 tracts covering 6,553 acres were still in litigation at the end of the fiscal year. Relocation of South Dakota State Highway No. 47 and U. S. Highways Nos. 16, 18, and 281 were essentially com- plete. The relocation of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad was complete except for the formal transfer of lands involved. Condemnation proceedings for relocation of roads in Charles Mix County were complete. All utility relocations in- cluding telephone and power facilities were complete. The em- bankment and spillway were complete. Continuing contracts for furnishing generators, hydraulic turbines, main control boards, main and neutral switchgear were essentially complete. Eight generators were in operation, the eighth unit having gone on the line January 10, 1956. A total of 1,073,070,000 gross kilowatt-hours of electricity were produced during fiscal year 1956. A continuing contract for the construction of the powerhouse superstructure including the regulating gate structure was approximately 99 per- cent complete. Filling of the operating or power zone of the pool proceeded as river flows permitted. On June 30, 1956, the pool was at approximate elevation 1339.4 feet and a total volume of 2,988,900 acre-feet of water was impounded in the reservoir. The entire project was 99 percent complete. The major items of work remaining on this project are: completion of work in progress described above, permanent service roads and final grading and drainage, slope protection above the downstream tun- nel portals, centralization of operating controls as needed, public access facilities, and hydrologic reporting network. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $183,439,633 for new work and $1,055,351 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated- ...... $33,064,975$31,975,025$13,000,000 $15,500,000 $4,360,000 $185,757,700 Cost-------------- 19,862,165 34,903,774 35,843,461 16,915,338 2,671,332 183,439,633 Maintenance: Appropriated .-...---- _ _ ------------_---------- _ I 224,200 318,500 516,000 1,058,700 Cost_ _--------------- 212,937 326,908 515,506 1,055,351 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $1,924, 490 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957________________ ________________ 1,924, 490 7. GAVINS POINT RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, S. DAK. AND NEBR. Location. The Gavins Point Dam site is located on the Missouri River in Yankton County, S. Dak., and Knox County, Nebr., about 940 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 4 miles upstream from Yankton, S. Dak., and about 846 miles above the mouth of the river. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a con- crete and rolled earthfill dam with a maximum height of 72 feet and a reservoir for flood control, irrigation, navigation, hydro- electric power, and other purposes, with a gross storage capacity of 540,000 acre-feet at maximum operating pool. It provides for the ultimate power installation of three units nominally rated at 33,333 kilowatts each. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (PL 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) as part of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin. The estimate of cost (July 1956) is $47,800,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of plans and specifications was continued by hired labor. Acquisition of land in the reservoir area was continued. Negotiated contracts were awarded and work was initiated on Bon-Homme, Knox, and Yankton County roads. Work continued on minor negotiated contracts for relocation of telephone and powerlines. Diversion and closure were effected and the embankment was completed. Work was completed on contracts for reservoir clearing; founda- tion drilling and grouting; pressure relief wells; elevator; intake gates; intake gantry crane; powerhouse crane; draft tube gantry crane; transformers; oil circuit breakers; radio facilities; Wiegand Boat Basin.; and miscellaneous supply contracts. Work continued on construction contracts for: powerhouse substructure, spillway, earthwork stage II; powerhouse superstructure; generators; hy- draulic turbines; governors; and miscellaneous supply contracts for switchyard and accessory electrical equipment. Construction was initiated on contracts for tree planting and seeding; crest roadway and embankment service roads; boat basins; and recrea- tional area development. Procurement of permanent operating equipment was continued. Six hundred feet of revetment repairs was completed by hired labor for the protection of the access road. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $10,780,019. Operation and maintenance activities included regulation of the reservoir through operation of the spillway, and conditions and operation studies. The total cost of operation and maintenance activities during the fiscal year was $60,837, all from regular funds. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction on the project was initiated in March 1952 and is scheduled for completion in 1958 except for those items for which the need has not yet been definitely established. Engineering and design was ap- proximately 93 percent complete. Condemnation assemblies had been submitted for nearly all tracts of land not yet acquired by purchase. Diversion and closure had been effected FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 941 and water was being impounded. On June 30, 1955, the pool was at elevation 1203.2 and 339,400 acre-feet of water was impounded in the reservoir. Minor contracts were rapidly nearing completion. The contract for the powerhouse substruc- ture, earthwork stage II, spillway and tailrace was essentially complete except for minor deficiencies of the tainter-gate hoists. The powerhouse superstructure contract was 76 percent complete. Work on all major supply contracts was progressing at a rate satis- factory to meet the scheduled initial power generation date of October 1956. The project as a whole was 88 percent complete. Total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $42,157,413 for new work and $60,837 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----- _ $2,000,000 $7,712,000 $10,000,000 $12,300,000 $12,950,000 $45,630,785 Cost---------------- 463,085 3,901,073 9,728,086 16,751,164 10,780,019 42,157,413 Maintenance: Appropriated....------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 65,000 65,000 Cost----------- ------------------------------------------- 60,837 60,837 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $1, 277, 243 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1,277, 243 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 2, 169, 215 8. MISSOURI RIVER, KENSLERS BEND, NEBR., TO SIOUX CITY, IOWA Location. This project is located along the Missouri River be- tween Ponca Bend, Nebr., and the combination bridge at Sioux City, Iowa. Existing project. The existing project authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, provides for the construction of dikes, revetments and channel improvement along the Missouri River from Miners Bend and vicinity, S. Dak. and Nebr., to Sioux City, Iowa. The estimated cost of new work under the propect (July 1956) is $11,000,000 Federal cost and $4,000 cost to local interests for lands. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $161,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work consists of construction, by contract, of 5 lengths of dikes totaling 2,681 linear feet and 5 lengths of revetment totaling 6,871 linear feet at a total cost of $779,253. Maintenance consisted of repair and replacement of 1,395 linear feet of revetment, by contract, at a total cost of $28,914. 942 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total cost for the fiscal year was $808,167. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work on the project was started in June 1946 and was approximately 49 percent complete on June 30, 1956. The physical extend of work accomplished at the end of the fiscal year includes the completion of 550 linear feet of rock dikes, 10,122 linear feet of pile dikes, and 98,408 linear feet of revetment. Construction of control works at the head of the project, in Ponca Bend, was started in April 1956 and consists of right bank dikes and revetment to direct the flow into Miners Bend in a man- ner to prevent direct attack of control structures and to control bank erosion. Work on this entry system of structures was sub- stantially complete at the close of the fiscal year. Work in this reach of the project, Miners-Kenslers Bends, was 17 percent com- plete at the close of the fiscal year. In the lower reach of the project, Kenslers to Sioux City Bends, structures were constructed, repaired and strengthened along the right bank in Kenslers, Big Sioux, and Upper Sioux City Bends, and on the left bank in McCook Lake Bend. The com- pleted work is effective in controlling the bank erosion, and at the close of the fiscal year this reach was approximately 83 percent complete. The total cost of the project at the end of the fiscal year was $6,011,416, of which $5,448,224 was for new work and $563,192 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...... _________ ___.. $500,000 $600,000 $600,000 $5,487,669 Cost - _______--- $505,590 $403,291 480,868 418,165 779,253 5,448,224 Maintenance: Appropriated_ __ 70,000 57,000 99,000 88,400 30,000 564,400 Cost-________ ______ 70,013 56,625 100,552 89,400 28,914 563,192 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $4, 273 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1,400,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1,404,273 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ 4, 112, 331 9. McCOOK LAKE, S. DAK. Location. McCook Lake is located in Union County, S. Dak., about 6 miles west of Sioux City, Iowa. Existing project. This project provides for cooperation with the State of South Dakota in restoring a reasonable water level to a portion of McCook Lake. The project was authorized by Public Law 163, 84th Congress, 1st Session and provides that the cost to the United States shall not exceed $150,000. FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 943 Local cooperation. The authorization law provides that the State or local agencies shall contribute an equal amount to the cost of the restoration works, which restoration shall be accomplished by agreement between the Game, Fish, and Parks Commission of the State of South Dakota and Secretary of the Army acting through the Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. Contract plans and specifications were initiated and completed. A contract was negotiated with the State of South Dakota for the restoration of the lake, and approximately 122,000 cubic yards of material were excavated by dredging. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $37,671. Condition at end of the fiscal year. Construction on the project was initiated in June 1956 and is scheduled for completion in November 1956. Contract plans and specifications were complete. The contract with the State of South Dakota and the project as a whole were approximately 25 percent complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $37,671. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated-------- ----------------------- $150,000 $150,000 Cost ---------------- ------------------------------------- 37,671 37,671 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- ___ $26, 919 Unobligatel balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____ _- -- ___ -______-_________-- 26,919 10. SIOUX FALLS, S. DAK. Location. The Sioux Falls, S. Dak., local protection project is located on the Big Sioux River and its tributaries at Sioux Falls, S. Dak. Existing project. The project consists of channel improvement and levees along the Big Sioux River and along the lower one-half mile of Skunk Creek, and diversion headworks, a diversion chan- nel and a concrete diversion chute and stilling basin to carry the diverted floodwaters to the Big Sioux River below the falls. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved Septem- ber 3, 1954, in accordance with the recommendations of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors in its report dated March 15, 1954. The estimated cost of the improvement (July 1956) is $4,797,000 of which $4,240,000 is Federal cost for construction and $557,000 is local costs for lands and relocations. Local cooperation. Section 201 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved September 3, 1954, applies. In addition, local interests 944 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 are required to provide right-of-way for temporary ponding of interior drainage. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Preparation of detailed plans was initiated and completed and contract plans and specifications initiated by hired labor. Construction of levees and channel improvements along the Big Sioux River from Western Avenue to the Great Northern Railway bridge was initiated by con- tinuing contract. Total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $275,593. Conditions at end of the fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in May 1956. Engineering and design was ap- proximately 49 percent complete. Construction of levees and channel improvements along the Big Sioux River from Western Avenue to the Great Northern Railway bridge was approximately 22 percent complete. The entire project was approximately 7 percent complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $275,593. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated---------------------------------------- $400,000 $400,000 Cost---- -275,593 275,593 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ $4, 870 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ 800, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 804, 870 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____________ 3, 040, 000 11. LITTLE SIOUX RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES, IOWA Location. The project is located along the Little Sioux River and its tributaries, Maple River, West Fork, Wolf Creek, Farmers- Garretson Ditch, in Harrison, Monona, and Woodbury Counties in northwest Iowa. Existing project. The project provides for channel straighten- ing and enlargement, construction of levees, and bridge improve- ments and alterations on the Little Sioux River from the mouth to Smithland; on Maple River from the mouth to Castana; on Farmers-Garretson Ditch from the mouth to the Woodbury- Monona County line; and on West Fork and Wolf Creek from their confluence to the Woodbury-Monona County line. It also provides for a desilting basin between West Fork and Wolf Creek and a diversion channel from the desilting basin to Little Sioux River, and for enlargment of the outlet of the Monona-Harrison Ditch. A project for flood protection on Little Sioux River, Iowa, author- FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 945 ized by Public Law 341, 80th Congress, 1st session, approved August 4, 1947, in accordance with the recommendations in House Document 275, 80th Congress, 1st session, was modified and sup- plemented substantially in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in Senate Document 127, 83d Congress, 2d session, and was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. The estimated cost of the improvement (July 1956) is $20,800,000 of which $17,500,000 is Federal cost for con- struction and $3,300,000 is local costs for lands, damages, bridge construction, bridge alterations, and relocations of roads, build- ings, power and telephone lines, and pipelines. Local cooperation. Section 201 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved September 3, 1954, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of de- tailed plans was completed and contract plans and specifications was initiated by hired labor. A continuing contract for the con- struction of levees and channel improvements on the Little Sioux River and Monona-Harrison Ditch below U. S. No. 75 was initiated. The total cost of new work for the fiscal year was $317,280. Conditions at the end of the fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in April 1956. Engineering and design was approximately 23 percent complete. Construction of levees and channel improvements on the Little Sioux River and Monona- Harrison Ditch below U. S. No. 75 was 34 percent complete. Con- tract plans and specifications were complete for the construction of levees and channel improvements along 3 miles of the Little Sioux River upstream from U. S. No. 75. The project as a whole was approximately 3 percent complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $469,380. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated ..-------------- . .--------------------- .......------------ $500,000 $652,100 Cost_----------------- $2,386 --- ------ 317,280 469,380 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending, June 30, 1956 ..... $130, 488 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___________ 2, 250,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 2, 380,488 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ 14, 597, 900 946 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 12. NORFOLK, ELKHORN RIVER BASIN, NEBR. Location. The Norfolk, Nebr., local protection project is located on the Elkhorn River and its tributaries, the North Branch Elkhorn River and Spring Creek, in northeast Nebraska. Existing project. The project consists of approximately 57,000 feet of levees along the left bank of the Elkhorn River; a leveed diversion channel approximately 10,700 feet in length, east of Norfolk; a gated diversion structure on the North Branch Elk- horn River; a leveed diversion channel, approximately 2,400 feet -long, on Spring Creek near its confluence with the North Branch Elkhorn River; and a levee-inclosed floodway, approximately 7,300 feet long, from the diversion channel downstream to the conflu- ence of the North Branch Elkhorn River and the Elkhorn River. This project is a unit of the plan of improvement for the main stem and certain tributaries of the Elkhorn River for flood control and allied purposes. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 215, 81st Congress, 1st session. The estimated cost of the improvement (July 1956) is $3,620,000 of which $2,920,000 is Federal cost for construction and $700,000 is local costs for lands and damages. Local cooperation. Section 201 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved May 17, 1950, applies. Operationand results during fiscal year. Preliminary contracts, office studies and minor field investigations were initiated at a cost of $5,252. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. All planning was sus- pended as a result of inability of local interests to provide the necessary cooperation. Total cost incurred to the end of the fiscal year was $5,252. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30,1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated ------.............----------------------..........................-------.......------------ $25,000 $25,000 Cost---------------------- ---------------------- ------------ 5,252 5,252 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ...... $19, 748 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____ _________________________ 19, 748 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ 2, 895, 000 13. CHERRY CREEK DAM AND RESERVOIR, COLO. Location. The Cherry Creek Dam and Reservoir is located on Cherry Creek in Arapahoe County, Colo., approximately 6 miles southeast of the city of Denver, Colo. Cherry Creek joins the FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 947 South Platte River within the city limits of Denver. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled-earthfill dam with maximum height of 140 feet above the streambed and 14,300 feet in length. The project includes a reinforced concrete outlet works and an uncontrolled side channel spillway canal discharging into the adjacent Toll Gate Creek, thus bypassing the city of Den- ver. The Cherry Creek project provides reservoir storage capacity of 95,000 acre-feet below the spillway canal invert and surcharge storage of 136,400 acre-feet above this elevation. Initial plan for operation is for flood control only. The plan of operation in the ultimate development for multiple purpose uses includes 10,000 acre-feet for sediment storage, 85,000 acre-feet for conser- vation purposes, and surcharge storage for flood control purposes. The estimated cost of the initial project for flood control only (July 1956) is $14,623,870. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 18, 1941 The initiation and partial accomplishment of the H. Doc. 426, 76th Cong., 1st sess. project. Dec. 22, 1944 Completion of the plan approved in the act of Aug. 18, Do. 1941. Do- .... General comprehensive plan, Missouri River Basin..__ H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. This project, with the exception of minor completion items, was completed June 30, 1953. Preparation of a design memorandum for the installa- tion of a hydrologic reporting network was completed. Litiga- tion to establish equitable payment for certain tracts of reservoir land and flowage rights was continued. Plans and specifications for furnishing and installing the telemetering equipment for the reporting network were nearing completion to permit advertise- ment and award of contracts early in fiscal year 1957. The total cost of new work for the fiscal year was $6,251. Operation and maintenance activities included the administra- tion of the project area; continuation of sediment studies and stream-gaging activities; and continuation of miscellaneous items of ordinary repairs, maintenance, improvements, and reconstruc- tion. The cost of operation and maintenance activities during the fiscal year was $37,252. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated in fiscal year 1943 and all remaining minor items of work are scheduled for completion by June 1957. Final litigation to estab- lish equitable payment for certain tracts of reservoir land and flowage rights is still pending. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $14,594,733. The total cost of operation and maintenance activities was $178,666. 948 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ... Appropriated-------- ------- -$35,000 -$5,000 $56,600 ------------ $14,623,871 Cost---------------- $56,373 21,154 1,707 22,267 $6,251 14,594,733 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ 27,000 30,000 33,700 34,000 34,000 178,700 Cost----------------- 24,352 21,297 47,605 36,128 37,252 178,666 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ________- $29, 139 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __ ___________-__________-_____ ___ 29,139 14. SOUTH PLATTE RIVER, COLO. Location. The flood-control improvements included in this project are located along the South Platte River, all within the limits of the State of Colorado. Existing project. The project for flood control and related purposes on the South Platte River, Colo., provides for a dam and reservoir on the South Platte River at the mouth of Plum Creek, about 8 miles southwest of Denver; a continuous agricultural levee system along both banks of the river from below the dam to the south city limits of Denver, and from the north city limits of Den- ver to 1 mile below the mouth of St. Vrain Creek; and channel im- provements and intermittent levees on the South Platte River be- tween St. Vrain Creek and Fort Morgan, Colo. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, sub- stantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 669, 80th Congress, 2d session, which contains the latest published map of the South Platte River Basin. The act authorized $26,300,000 for partial accomplish- ment of the work described in House Document 669. Included are the following projects: Estimated Federal cost Chatfield Reservoir, Colo_................................ . 1955 1$34,200,000 Levees and channel improvements, Chatfield Reservoir to Fort Morgan, Colo_ 1954 31,800,000 1 Details presented in individual report. 15. CHATFIELD RESERVOIR, SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN, COLO. Location. The Chatfield Reservoir Project, Colo., is located on the South Platte River in northeast Colorado, approximately 8 miles southwest of the city of Denver. Existing project. The project consists of an earthfill dam approximately 132 feet high with a gross storage capacity of 200,000 acre-feet. This project is a unit of the plan of improve- ment for the main stem and certain tributaries of the South Platte FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 949 River for flood control and allied purposes. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, sub- stantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 669, 80th Congress, 2d session. The act authorized $26,300,000 for partial accomplishment of the work described in House Document 669. The estimated cost for new work (1955) is $34,200,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operation and results during fiscal year. Preliminary contacts, office studies, minor field investigations and cooperative studies with Federal, State, and local agencies were continued. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $8,969. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Due to recent industrial developments in the reservoir area, all planning, except for neces- sary public contacts, was suspended. Total cost incurred to the end of the fiscal year was $18,856. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated . . .. ...... -- $11,000 $10,000 $21,000 Cost --------- 9,887 8,969 18,856 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $2, 144 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ _____-_ ____ 2, 144 16. SOUTH PLATTE RIVER LEVEES AND CHANNEL IMPROVEMENTS CHATFIELD RESERVOIR TO FORT MORGAN, COLO. Location. The flood-control improvements included in this proj- ect are located along the South Platte River, all within the limits of the State of Colorado. Existing project. The project for flood control on the South Platte River, Colo., provides for a continuous levee system along both banks of the river from below the authorized Chatfield Dam to the south city limits of Denver, and from the north city limits of Denver to 1 mile below the mouth of St. Vrain Creek; and chan- nel improvements and intermittent levees on the South Platte River between St. Vrain Creek and Fort Morgan, Colo. This project is a unit of the plan of improvement for the main stem and certain tributaries of the South Platte River for flood control and allied purposes. The project was authorized by the Flood Con- trol Act approved May 17, 1950, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Docu- ment 669, 80th Congress, 2d session. The act authorized 950 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 $26,300,000 for partial accomplishment of the work described in House Document 669. The estimated cost for new work (1954) is $31,800,000. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary con- tacts, office studies and minor field investigations were initiated at a cost of $6,897 for restudy of the project. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Due to recent develop- ments in the South Platte River Basin all planning, except for necessary public contacts and completion of aggradation and de- gradation studies now in progress, was suspended. Total cost incurred to the end of the fiscal year was $6,897. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- _ Cost-------------------- .. .--- -------. ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------------------------------ $10,000 6,897 1$10,000 6,897 1 For restudy of project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------_$3, 103 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------------------- ---------------- 3, 103 17. MISSOURI RIVER AGRICULTURAL LEVEES, SIOUX CITY, IOWA, TO THE MOUTH (SIOUX CITY, IOWA, TO RULO, NEBR. Location. The Missouri River rises in southwestern Montana and flows generally southeasterly 2,464.4 miles across or along seven States to a confluence with the Mississippi River 17 miles above St. Louis, Mo. The project covers only the portion from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth or approximately 760 miles of the river. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a series of levee units and appurtenant works along both sides of the Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth, for the pro- tection of agricultural lands and small communities against floods. The estimate of cost for that portion of the project from Sioux City, Iowa, to Rulo, Nebr., (July 1956) is $49,250,000 of which $44,000,000 is Federal cost for construction and $5,250,000 is local cost for lands and damages. This cost includes funds neces- sary to connect one unit of this project to the authorized Ham- burg, Iowa, project on the Nishnabotna River. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 951 Acts Work authorized Documents' Aug. 18, 1941 Levees along both sides of the river from Sioux City H. Doc. 821, 76th Cong., 3d sess. to Kansas City. Dec. 22, 1944 Extended project from Kansas City to the mouth and H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; provided for increased protection. S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, applies. Units on which construction has been completed have been turned over to local interests and local co- operation requirements are being fulfilled in accordance with for- mal assurances previously furnished. Local interests have either furnished, or have indicated that they will furnish, assurances of the required cooperation for units that are programed for con- struction. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Preparation of a revised design memorandum for unit R-616 was completed and the preparation of a design memorandum for unit R-520 was con- tinued. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $55,124. Condition at end of the fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in fiscal year 1948. Construction is complete on all units for which construction funds have been appropriated. Engineering and design on the entire project is about 72 percent complete. The entire project is approximately 33 percent complete. The total Federal cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $14,047,308. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 * Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --....-----.. $768,100 $179,000 $25,000 $50,000 $55,000 $14,047,450 Cost- -- -_______-- - 720,331 848,240 550,335 126,222 55,124 14,047,308 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---. $142 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---- 400, 142 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ _ _ 29, 552, 550 952 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 18. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual amount re- Report Operation quired to for- Construction and mainte- complete nance Battle Creek, Elkhorn River, Nebr __________ 1952 -- _--.--------.------ . - -$380,000 Belle Fourche, Cheyenne River, S. Dak ________ ...... 1940 $37,410----- ---- (2) Big Bend Reservoir, Missouri River Basin ... 1952 ---..-.---------- --- --- 75,600,000 b Boulder, Colo- _ _. - - - - _.- _ - 1952 - -- _ ---- -------------- 655,000 Castlewood Dam and Reservoir, Cherry Creek and tributaries, Colo _______ __1943 ).._(3) 56,721 Cui.fIaco1 Council Bluffs, Iowa (act of 1936) -------------- 1939 325 -------------- (2) Council Bluffs, Iowa (act of 1944)___________--- 1954 2,557,680 ------------- - (4) Denison, East Fork of Boyer River, Iowa..----- 1949 4,300 _____________ (3) Disaster operation "Snowbound"._ --------- -1952 7,005,939 ------------ -- (4) Erie, Colo-_-... -.----------- 1952 ---------------------------- 3 65,000 Giles Creek, Elkhorn River, Nebr___________ 1 1952 ______________-______ __ 548,000 Herreid, Spring Creek, S. Dak_______________ 1954 50,216 _____________ (4) Missouri River, Niobrara, Nebr--_--------__ 1945 99, 370 $5, 633 (4) Morrison, Bear Creek, Colo____________________ 1950 30,000 ------ _______- (5) Nishnabotna River at Hamburg, Iowa....____-- 1948 236,000 .__________ (4) Omaha, Nebr_______________________________ 1954 5,897,721 -- (4) Pierce, Elkhorn River, Nebr___________________ 11952 ---- _____ 235,000 Platte River near Schuyler, Nebr-_ ------------ 1948 74,940 ----------- _ (4) Sioux City, Missouri River Basin, Iowa .... ______ 1950 1,215 1,410,000 Waterloo, Elkhorn River, Nebr_________________ 11952 .....---------------....... .. 118,000 West Point, Elkhorn River, Nebr____________ _ 11952 .-------- -------- 171,000 1 Reported in 1952 as "Elkhorn River Basin, Omaha district." 2 Completed as a Public Works Administration project. 3Inactive. 4 Project complete. 5 Deferred for restudy. 19. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Inspection of completed works was made during the fiscal year 1956 of the following local flood-protection projects: Project Inspection cost Spring Creek at Herried, S. Da______ $108 Belle Fourche, Cheyenne Rivei S. Dak._ 156 Fall River Basin, S. Dak. (Hot Springs Channel improvement) 139 City of Aurora, Westerly Creek, Colo ____________________________________________ 172 Platte River near Schuyler, Nebr --------------------------------------------------- 37 Omaha, Missouri River Basin, Nebr_ ------------------------------------------------ 856 Council Bluffs, Missouri River Basin, Iowa _ 482 Missouri River agricultural levees__ 2,219 Total inspection cost _. .- - - -. -- ___-----------$4,169 - -- -- --- The total cost during the fiscal year was $4,169. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated ... . ... - $2,000 $3,000 $3,000 $4,000 $13,700 Cost -- - -- -$1,466 2,000 3,000 2,732 4,169 13,601 FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 953 20. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood-control projects notspecifically authorized by Con- gress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). Costs were incurred on the following projects during the fiscal year: Buffalo Creek, Vicinity of Scranton, N. Dak. Preparation of a design memorandum on the flood problem along Buffalo Creek was initiated in fiscal year 1953 and completed during fiscal year 1956 at a cost of $2,349. Kinney Run, Golden, Colo. Preparation of a design memoran- dum on the flood problem on Kinney Run was initiated at a cost of $250. Emergency flood-control activities (PL 99, 84th Congress and antecedent legislation). The following work was performed during the fiscal year: Minor revisions in the Flood Emergency Manual were made and preparation of "Disaster Operating Procedures" as a part of the Flood Emergency Manual was initiated. Necessary inspections of non-Federal flood-control works were accomplished prior to the flood season. During the period of flood threat in Columbia River Basin, surplus flood-fighting equipment was transferred to the Seattle District. Total cost of work performed during the fiscal year was $28,390. Cost and financial summary SMALL FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS NOT SPECIFICALLY AUTHORIZED BY CONGRESS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------- $35,500 Appropriated........ $152,500 $14,716 $2,000 $7,000 $211,716 Cost_ _------------- I 5,661 11,623 180,580 5,110 2,599 205,574 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--- $6, 142 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___ ----------------- 6, 142 EMERGENCY FLOOD-CONTROL ACTIVITIES Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $4, 974,225 $5, 763,975 $273,000 $157,450 $28, 270 $14,298,742 Cost--------------- 4,864,841 4,796,536 1,468,276 299,056 28,390 114,297,609 1In addition, the sum of $40,838 was expended from contributed funds and $100,000 under authority of see 9 of the 1936 Flood Control Act. 954 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 21. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Flood-control studies. Preliminary examinations and survey reports were under preparation by hired labor at a cost, during the fiscal year, of $40,826. Funds remaining, amounting to $60, plus the allotment of funds for fiscal year 1957, will be applied dur- ing the fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 to the continuation of work on survey reports presently assigned to the district. 22. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Hydrologic Studies. Storm studies, general hydrologic studies, and sedimentation studies, all of minor scope were continued dur- ing the fiscal year. Studies were confined to analysis of basic data for tributary streams and their basins. The cost of this work was $2,656. FLOOD-CONTROL IMPROVEMENTS IN THE GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of northwestern, southwestern, and south central North Dakota, a small portion of northwestern South Dakota, northeastern Wyoming, and southeastern Mon- tana. It includes the watershed of the Missouri River and its tributaries between the mouth of the Yellowstone River (N. Dak.) and the North Dakota-South Dakota State line and that portion of the James River Basin lying in North Dakota. IMPROVEMENTS Flood Control Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Missouri River Basin, Gar- 7. Inspection of completed flood- rison District 955 control works_ 962 2. Garrison Reservoir, Missouri 8. Flood-control work under spe- River Basin, N. Dak ...... 956 cial authorization .......... 962 3. Mandan, N. Dak________ 959 4. Lower Heart River, N. Dak__ 960 General Investigations 5. Marmarth, N. Dak_ 961 6. Other authorized flood-control 9. Examination and surveys-.. _ 964 projects______- 962 10. Research and development.... 964 1. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, GARRISON DISTRICT Location. The flood-control improvements included in this project are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the principal tributaries of the Missouri River. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth and reservoirs located on the mainstem of the Missouri River and on the tributaries for control of floodflows at the dam sites. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 28, 1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Committee, Dec. 1, River Basin and authorized $9,000,000 for initiation 75th Cong., 1st sess. and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18, 1941 Modified the General comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Harlan County Dam and Reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr. and authorized $7,000,000 for additional expenditure. Dec. 22, 1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24, 1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17, 1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. Sept. 3, 1954 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $217,710,000 H. Doc. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess. additional expenditure. 1 Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. 955 956 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Included in the comprehensive plan are the following projects in the Garrison District: Project Estimated Federal cost Garrison Reservoir, N. Dak __ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ $294,000,000 Operations during the fiscal year. The operations performed during the fiscal year 1956 for projects on which work was under- way are given in the individual reports. Under sections 7 and 9 of Public Law 534, Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is responsible for detailed scheduling of operations of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reservoirs constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation, as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. The costs during the fiscal year under this heading were $8,843. A balance of $136 is available for further work in connection with the scheduling of flood-control reservoir operations. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated------- ....... $3,000 $3,000 $12,000 $11,000 $8,100 $43,600 Cost __ ._______- _ -- 875 1,997 14,998 10,251 8,843 43,464 2. GARRISON RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, N. DAK. Location. Garrison Dam is located on the Missouri River in McLean and Mercer Counties, N. Dak., about 11 miles south of Garrison, N. Dak., and 9 miles west of Coleharbor, N. Dak. It is 1,455.0 (1941 adjusted river miles) miles above the mouth of the river and 77 miles above Bismarck, N. Dak. Existing project. The project plan provided for the construc- tion of a dam and reservoir for flood control, irrigation, naviga- tion, hydroelectric power, and other purposes. The dam is a rolled-earthfill structure with a crest length of 11,300 feet and a maximum height of 210 feet. The spillway, located in the east abutment, is controlled by 28 tainter crest gates, 29 feet high and 40 feet long. The outlet works, containing 5 power tunnels and 3 flood-control tunnels, is located in the west abutment. A hydro- electric power-generating plant is located on the downstream toe of the dam below the outlet works. The reservoir has a gross storage capacity of 23,000,000 acre-feet for multiple purpose use including 4,900,000 acre feet for dead storage. The existing proj- ect was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (PL 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), as part of the general com- prehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Mis- souri River Basin. The estimated cost for the project, which includes a power installation of five 80,000 kilowatt units is (ex- FLOOD CONTROL-GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT 957 elusive of diversion into the Dakotas) $294,000,000 (July 1956). Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. ($24,000 contributed by local interests specifically for the construction of the New Town School.) Operations and results during the fiscal year. Surveys, founda- tion explorations, and engineering studies were continued through- out the fiscal year. Design memoranda were completed for a railroad overpass bridge, Stoney Creek crossing and bridge ap- proaches, Little Muddy Bridge and approaches, protective works Lewis and Clark irrigation district (in the event the purchase plan is not consumated). Power units 4 and 5, access roads and parking areas stage II, and radio transmitter building. Pre- liminary studies for the pumping plant at Snake Creek were in- itiated. Plans and specifications were completed for a railroad overpass, Little Muddy Bridge and approaches, protective works Williston levee section I, reservoir clearing stage III (schedule A), and pavement and guard rail along the embankment. Ne- gotiations were initiated, continued or completed for a number of utilities, roads, railroads, and other relocation items. Construc- tion features completed during the fiscal year included: Moun- tail County roads, North Dakota highways contract number I, McKenzie County roads, Sanish Branch-Soo Railroad, Sanish Bridge superstructure, Snake Creek sluice gates, east abutment grouting section III B, spillway gate hoists, spillway monorail hoist, station switchgear and transformers, 15 kilovolt switchgear and generator leads, autotransformers, carrier current equipment, turbines, generators 1 and 2, and a number of items of permanent operating equipment. In addition to the work completed, the following work items were initiated or carried on during the year: Williams County roads, Little Muddy Creek Bridge, Reservation Mutual Aid Tele- phone Corporation, protective works Williston levee section I, main embankment stage V (final), east abutment grouting section IV A, concrete aggregates lot 3, spillway stilling basin, penstocks and surge tanks, powerhouse and switchyard, replacement of habitat, generators, pavement and guard rail on the embankment, purchase of a number of items of permanent operating equipment, and maintenance of construction facilities. Preparation of en- gineering data, tract maps, appraisal reports, oil impairment esti- mates, court actions for acquisition of lands in the reservoir area were carried on during the fiscal year. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $14,821,703, from regular funds. Operation and maintenance. The Garrison Reservoir, even though only in partial operation, was operated in conjunction with Ft. Peck, Fort Randall and Gavins Point Reservoirs to provide con- trol of floodflows and to regulate available flows for production of hydroelectric power, navigation, maintenance of more than mini- mum flow for domestic and industrial needs and sanitary needs. The reservoir was also used for recreational purposes, boating, fishing, etc. The reservoir had 3,940,000 acre-feet of storage at the beginning of the year and 6,890,000 acre-feet at the close of the year, an increase of 2,950,000 acre-feet. The total release from 958 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the reservoir amounted to approximately 15,169,500 acre-feet, which is about equal to a mean average annual flow of 20,900 cubic feet per second. Two generators went "on-the-line" during the year and produced a gross electrical energy amounting to 189,939,000 kilowatt-hours. The net electrical energy, exclusive of power for station use, was 188,564,000 kilowatt-hours. In addition to full operation of the intake structure and partial operation and maintenance of the reservoir, dam, and Snake Creek embankment, a program of high winter releases and a con- tinued basin-wide reservoir regulation study was accomplished. Total cost of operation and maintenance for the fiscal year was $320,705. Condition at end of fiscal year. In addition to the completed contract plans and specifications listed under operations and results above, during the fiscal year, design memoranda, design and preparation of plans and specifications are under way for pro- tective works-Great Northern Railway, Williams Electric Co- operative, Montana-Dakota Utilities Company, penstocks and surge tanks (units 4 and 5), powerhouse and switchyard (units 4 and 5), turbines and governors (units 4 and 5), generators (units 4 and 5), main transformers (units 4 and 5), roads and parking areas, and permanent operating equipment. Negotiations for agreements and plans and specifications are in progress for a num- ber of relocation items. A program of sediment studies and de- gradation investigations is being continued. Condition and opera- tion studies for a coordinated basin reservoir operation plan is under way. Field investigations and laboratory tests for determ- ining the foundation consolidation, action of structures and em- bankment materials are in progress. Permanent work on the project is about 85 percent complete. The percentages of com- pletion of major features, based on project estimate (July 1956) which contemplates purchase of the irrigation districts at head of the reservoir, construction of bank protection for the pumping plant of the Buford-Trenton irrigation district and installation of power units 4 and 5, are as follows: Percent Features complete Lands and damages--- 74 Relocations 78 Roads - -90 Railroads - 82 Cemeteries, utilities, structures ______________________________ 52 Reservoir -------------------- 80 Dam __ _ ----- 93 Fish and wildlife facilities ----------------------------------- 36 Power plant ----------------- 67 Powerhouse ----------------------------------------------- 84 Turbines and generators ------------------------------------ 53 Switchyard, accessory, and miscellaneous_________________________ 76 Roads, railroads, and bridges 96 Recreation facilities -------------------------------------- 30 Bank stabilization 0------------ Buildings, grounds, and utilities 98 Permanent operating equipment _________________-_________ 58 Engineering and design-------- _ ------- 86 Supervision and administration-- ---------- 83 FLOOD CONTROL-GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT 959 Total cost of new work to June 30, 1956, was $249,616,923 from regular funds and $24,000 from contributed funds. The total cost of operation and maintenance to the end of the fiscal year was $443,692. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $37,083,700 $30,848,000 $27,500,000 $30,000,000 $15,100,000 1 $251,780,700 Cost --------------...25,801,808 32,125,643 42,699,677 31,867,691 14,821,703 1249,616,923 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ ........------------------------......................... 122,500 334,000 456,500 Cost -------------------------------------------- 122,987 320,705 443,692 1 Exclusive of $24,000 contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----- $626, 295 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---------------------------------- 16, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------------- -- 16, 626, 295 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------ -- 26, 219,300 3. MANDAN, N. DAK. Location. This project is located on both banks of the Heart River at Mandan, N. Dak. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of levees and appurtenant works along the left bank of the Heart River for the protection of municipal areas and along the right bank of the Heart River for the protection of the State Training School. The existing project was authorized in the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 294, 79th Cong., 1st sess.), by the Third Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1949, approved October 10, 1949, and as modified by the Flood Control Act ap- proved May 17, 1950. The estimated cost of improvement (July 1956) is $806,000, of which $667,000 is Federal cost for construc- tion and $139,000 is local cost for lands and relocations. Local cooperation. Local interests have met the requirements of local cooperation in connection with the levee project. Assur- ances in connection with interior drainage facilities were furnished by letter dated June 2, 1955. By letter dated June 1, 1956, the Board of City Commissioners for Mandan indicated that they are proceeding to obtain the required easements of rights-of-way needed for the interior drainage work. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Preparation of design memorandum and plans and specifications was resumed in June 1956. The total cost during the fiscal year was $1,701. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of levees and appurtenant facilities is complete. Operation manual and record drawings for this portion of the project are also finished. Design 960 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 memorandum and plans and specifications for interior drainage are about 50 percent complete. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ -$71,556 $71,556 $115,000 $666,700 Cost $1,902 $1,467 -........ 3,052 1,701 484,897 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $181, 803 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _________________ 1_________ 181, 803 4. LOWER HEART RIVER, N. DAK. Location. This project is located on both banks of the Heart River in the 14-mile reach extending upstream from the mouth of the river. It is in the vicinity of Mandan, N. Dak. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for rais- ing the present Mandan levees, provides a closure levee extending from U. S. Highway 10 to high ground upstream (west) from Mandan, and provides for channel improvement and levee con- struction downstream (east) of Mandan. Improvement will in- crease protection to the city of Mandan and the State Training School and will provide protection for two additional areas which are rural in development. The project was authorized in the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954. (PL 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) The estimated cost of improvement (July 1956) is $2,300,000, of which $1,750,000 is Federal cost of construction and $550,000 is local cost. Local cooperation. Local officials have indicated that assur- ances of local cooperation will be forthcoming. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Preparation of design memorandum was initiated in January 1956. The total cost during the fiscal year was $5,957. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Preparation of design memorandum is about 10 percent complete. FLOOD CONTROL-GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT 961 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- -------- __------------ $15,000 $15,000 Cost--------------------------------------- 5,957 5,957 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______._ 9,043 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 1105, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ________________--------------- 114, 043 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________________________- 1,630,000 1Includes refund of loan of $45,000. 5. MARMARTH, N. DAK. Location. On the left banks of the Little Missouri River and Little Beaver Creek at Marmarth, N. Dak. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the raising and extending of the present inadequate levees. Approxi- mately 6,200 feet of levee will be raised and 4,000 feet of new levee will be constructed. The project will provide the city of Marmarth with virtually complete protection against floods from the Little Missouri River and Little Beaver Creek. The project was authorized in the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (PL 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost of im- provement (July 1956) is $272,000, of which $260,000 is Federal cost of construction and $12,000 is local cost for lands and utility modifications. Local cooperation. Local interests have indicated that require- ments of local cooperation will be met. The city already owns considerable portion of the necessary rights-of-way. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Design memor- andum and plans and specifications were initiated and completed during the fiscal year. The total cost during the fiscal year was $19,785. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Design memorandum and plans and specifications are complete. Construction has not been initiated. 962 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ............ ----------------------------------------------- $23,000 $23,000 Cost------ ------------------------------------------------ $19,785 $19,785 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -___ _-- $3, 215 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 217, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________ ----------------- 220,215 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project______________________----------------- _ 20, 000 6. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual amount re- Report Operation quired to for- Construction and mainte- complete nance ............... 1. Jamestown Reservoir, N. Dak-------------- 1950 $40,000 -------------- (1) 1Reservoir constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation. 7. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS There were no costs during the fiscal year since all necessary inspections were accomplished as a part of work necessary for initiation of the Lower Heart River design memorandum. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- ------------ $500 $300 $100 $100 $1,500 Cost ----------------- $249 106 547 218 -19 1,331 8. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tirbutaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). Study and report to determine the extent of clearing needed on the Heart River at Belfield, N. Dak. to provide a reasonable degree of flood protection for that city was completed and a favor- able report submitted in October 1955. General design memoran- dum was approved in November 1955 and funds for construction provided. By a letter dated April 17, 1956, the city of Belfield FLOOD CONTROL-GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT 963 recommended that due to anticipated opposition to the project no further action be taken at this time. Balance of funds were re- voked in June 1956. Total cost during the fiscal year was $654. Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) Design memo- randum submitted in June 1955 on the feasibility of providing flood protection for Linton, N. Dak, from Spring and Beaver Creeks, indicated only marginal economic justification. Balance of available funds have been revoked. Total cost during the fiscal year was $217. Emergency flood-control activities (PL 99, 84th Cong., and an- tecedent legislation). Work was performed during the fiscal year at the following costs: Advance preparation for flood emergencies- $1, 721 Total 1, 721 Cost and financial summary SNAGGING AND CLEARING OF NAVIGABLE STREAMS AND TRIBUTARIES IN THE INTERESTS OF FLOOD CONTROL Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---- ...............------------ ........ ------------ ------------ $500 $184 $684 Cost.------------------------------- --------------- 30 654 684 SMALL FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS NOT SPECIFICALLY AUTHORIZED BY CONGRESS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--- ------------------------------------ $7,900 -$1,664 $6,236 Cost---------- ------------------------ ------------ 6,019 217 6,236 EMERGENCY FLOOD-CONTROL ACTIVITIES Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated....-- $10,000 $80,000 ...----------- $3,298 $2,600 $387,106 Cost----------------- 14,558 77,068 $2,931 3,279 1,721 386,208 964 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 9. EXAMINATION AND SURVEYS Flood-control studies. The cost of work on examinations and surveys for the fiscal year was $908. The unexpended balance on June 30, 1956, was $163. 10. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Hydrologic studies. Preparation of nonprofit studies pertain- ing to relationship between rainfall and resulting runoff, analysis of past floods and related hydrologic studies were completed at a cost of $848. Balance unexpended of $178 is available for further work in this category. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT This district comprises all of Montana east of the continental divide except the Little Missouri River watershed; the small por- tions of western North Dakota embraced in the watersheds of Yellowstone River, and Big Muddy Creek; and northern Wyoming embraced in the drainage basin of the Missouri River and tribu- taries above the mouth of the Yellowstone River, inclusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Missouri River at Fort Peck, 9. Dayton, Yellowstone River, Mont-------------------965 Wyo-------------------975 2. Other authorized navigation 10. Sheridan, Yellowstone River, projects 969 Wyo------------------- 975 11. Other authorized flood-control Flood Control projects ----------------- 976 12. Inspection of completed flood- 3. Missouri River Basin, Fort control works- 976 Peck District---------_ 969 13. Flood-control work under spe- 4. Havre, Milk River, Mont 970 cial authorization 976 5. Saco, Mont----------------971 6. Billings, Yellowstone River, General Investigations Mont------------------- 972 7. Miles City, Yellowstone River, 14. Examinations and surveys .. _ 978 Mont------------------- 973 15. Research and development_... 978 8. Greybull, Yellowstone River, Wyo ------------------- 974 1. MISSOURI RIVER AT FORT PECK, MONT. Location. The site of the Fort Peck Reservoir is in the Mis- souri River Valley in McC.one, Valley, Garfield, Phillips, Petro- leum, and Fergus Counties, Mont. The dam site is approximately 11 miles above the mouth of the Milk River in sections 14, 15, 16, 21, and 22, T. 26 N., R. 41 E. The west (left) abutment is in Valley County and the east (right) abutment is in McCone County. Nearest towns are Glasgow, 17 miles northwest, and Nashua, 9 miles north. Existing project. The project provides for construction of an earth dam and powerplant for impounding water for the improve- ment of navigation on the Missouri River, Sioux City to the mouth; for the production of power; and for flood control, irri- gation and related uses, as a unit in the main stem system of reservoirs. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1956) is $160,200,000. Detailed data regarding the project are as fol- lows: Description Location, miles above mouth of Missouri River 1, 868. 7 Concrete spillway in right abutment, discharge capacity (second- feet) - 250, 000 Height of main dam above streambed (feet) 250. 5 Height of crest stone above streambed (feet) 250. 0 Elevation of crest stone (feet, mean sea level) 2, 280. O0 Tunnels for releasing water from reservoir (4), diameter (feet) 24'8" 965 966 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Description Powerplant--initial installation, one 35,000-kilowatt unit and one 15,000-kilowatt unit (kilowatts) ___------------------- 50, 000 Powerplant-present installation, two 35,000-kilowatt units and one 15,000-kilowatt unit (kilowatts) _------------------- 85, 000 Powerplant-installation presently planned: two 35,000-kilowatt units, one 15,000-kilowatt unit and two 40,000-kilowatt units (kilowatts) 165, 000 Maximum pool level (feet, mean sea level) ------------------ 2, 250 Normal pool level (feet, mean sea level) _________--------- 2, 246 Crest length of dam (feet) -------------------------------- 21,026 Maximum storage capacity (acre-feet)__--____------------- 19, 412, 000 Maximum length of reservoir (miles) _________------------- 189 Maximum surface area of reservoir (area) ___-------------- 245, 000 Clear width of reservoir (miles) _________---------------- ----- 16 Normal operating storage capacity (acre-feet) _------------- 18, 400, 000 Total construction cost of project (estimated) (July 1956) _-__ 160, 200, 000 Annual operation and maintenance cost (estimated) July 1956) 590, 000 Date construction started, Oct. 23, 1933 Date of completion, June 30, 1961 (estimated) Datum-mean sea level (1929 adjustment, U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey). The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 19351 Construction of earth dam__-------------------- H. Doec. 238, 73d Cong., 2d sess. May 18, 19382 Completion, maintenance, and operation of a hydro- (Specified in act.) electric powerplant, subject to certain provisions contained in the act respecting the transmission and sale of electric energy. This act also authorizes the installation of additional power generating facilities by the Secretary of War when deemed necessary in the judgment of the Bureau of Rec- lamation. Dec. 22, 19443 Modified authorization to provide for full multiple H. Doc. 475, S. Doc. 191 and S. purpose operation. Doc. 247, all of 78th Cong., 2d sess. June 3, 19484 Payments to be made to school districts serving proj- (Specified in act.) ect as reimbursement for educational facilities (in- cluding transportation to and from school) to pupils who are dependents of persons engaged in the construction, operation, and maintenance of the projects. 1Included in Public Works Administartion program in 1933. 2 PL 529, 73d Cong., 3d sess. 3 PL 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess. 4 PL 586, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Maps showing transportation facilities, power-market area, power-plants, etc., are contained in Senate Committee Print, 75th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None. Operation and results during the fiscal year. New work ac- complished during the fiscal year included continuing the contract for the preparation of final designs and plans and specifications for the second powerplant; miscellaneous hired labor planning and construction work on the first powerplant and dam; and planning and exploratory work for the second powerplant. The total cost of new work was $220,335, all regular funds. Operations and Maintenance: The Fort Peck Reservoir was operated throughout fiscal year 1956 in conjunction with the Garrison, Fort Randall, and Gavins Point system of Missouri RIVERS AND HARBORS-FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 967 River main stem reservoirs for control of flood flows and regula- tion of flows for maintenance of navigable depths on the project Sioux City to the Mouth, for irrigation, for the production of hydroelectric power, and for other purposes. The reservoir con- tained 10,375,000 acre-feet of stored water at the beginning of the year and 6,840,000 acre-feet at the close of the year-a change of 3,535,000 acre-feet. The water withdrawn from storage was utilized to augment natural flows which were abnormally low because of dry weather conditions, and to assist in filling the inactive storage zones at Garrison and Gavins Point while main- taining adequate flows for downstream purposes. Releases for these purposes also served the needs for water supply and sanita- tion along the river below the dam. Total releases from the reservoir amounted to about 8,983,400 acre-feet, equivalent to a mean annual flow of about 12,400 cubic feet per second. The gross electric energy produced by the three generating units amounted to 460,290,000 kilowatt hours. The net electric energy generated, exclusive of power for station use, was 457,472,300 kilowatt hours. In addition to the operation and maintenance of the reservoir, dam, spillway, tunnels, powerplant, operators' village facilities, etc., a program of sediment studies and pre- liminary work of locating and raising the stoplogs for inspection of the intake works was accomplished. The total cost of opera- tion and maintenance during the fiscal year amounted to $830,095. Reimbursement from the Bureau of Reclamation for the pro rata share of the cost of operation and maintenance of the powerplant, reimbursement from other districts for the pro rata share of costs of the sediment studies, reimbursement resulting from furnishing of operators' village facilities, and distribution of pro rata share of camp operation cost to other funds reduced the net cost to $345,852, all regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The status of the existing project as a whole is 84 percent complete. The major items of work remaining to be completed are the second powerplant and the permanent operators' quarters. Work was started in October 1933 and is scheduled for completion in June 1961; however, all work except the second powerplant and the permanent operators' quarters is scheduled for completion by the end of June 1957. Dam: Clearing and grubbing, stripping the base of the dam, construction of sheet piling cutoff wall, the rock and gravel toes, the hydraulic fill, raising the crest of the dam to 2,280.5 feet mean sea level, construction of a bituminous surfaced roadway thereon, and installation of a night lighting system are complete. The following quantities have been placed: Cubic yards Hydraulic fill ----------------- 122, 178, 000 Rolled fill ----------------------------- 3, 450, 288 Gravel at toe of dam--------------------- 3, 112, 904 Rock at toe of dam- -- 289, 297 Gravel on upstream face of dam_ - -- 797, 236 Fieldstone on upstream face of dam 209, 070 Salvage fieldstone on upstream face of dam 129, 887 Quarrystone on upstream face of dam 454, 198 Salvage quarrystone on upstream face of dam - 89, 427 968 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 A total of 13,847,287 cubic yards of material has been removed from the spillway channel and 268,625 cubic yards of concrete has been placed in the channel lining; 291,826 cubic yards of con- crete have been placed in the bridge, columns, piers, foundations, floor slab, and training wall of the gate structure. Sixteen gates have been erected and the operating equipment installed. Spill- way stop logs have been installed as well as the hoist car. The 4 diversion tunnels, having an aggregate length of 25,294 linear feet, and the dam and appurtenant works are complete. Reservoir: Acquisition of land for the reservoir and dam site areas is complete. A total of 289,009 acres have been acquired, of which 119,671 acres were public domain land. Powerplant: The first powerplant and appurtenant works are essentially complete. Two 35,000-kilowatt units and one 15,000- kilowatt generating unit are in operation. A preliminary design contract for the second powerplant has been completed and work on final design and plans and specifications contract is being con- tinued. Hired labor planning on the second powerplant is being continued. The work remaining to complete the project consists of com- pleting the second powerplant, completion of the permanent operators' quarters, and miscellaneous items to complete the first powerplant. The total cost of new work to June 30, 1956, is $132,974,740 of which $56,333,426 were regular funds; $8,650,000 were power- plant funds; $49,521,087 were public works funds; and $18,470,227 were emergency relief funds. The total cost of operation and maintenance was $5,463,059 as of June 30, 1956. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .....--------.. $644,000 $25,000 $150,000 $220,000 $140,000 $133,153,771 Cost_----------- ----- 821,015 282,721 257,130 225,315 220,335 132,974,740 Maintenance: Appropriated ...-------. 490,000 300,000 325,000 294,000 371,000 5,524,376 Cost---------------- 474,111 241,634 394,829 308,833 345,852 5,463,059 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__.. $162, 565 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___________500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__________________________ 662,565 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -__ _-__ 26, 546, 229 FLOOD CONTROL--FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 969 2. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual amount re- Report Operation quired to for- Construction and mainte- complete nance Claims for damages, river and harbor work---_-------- $9,297 ---------- (1) Expenditures in connection with disaster opera- tion "Snowbound"------------------------ 1949 14,000 ----------- (1) 1 Operation completed. 3. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, FORT PECK DISTRICT Location. The flood control improvements included in this project are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the principal tributaries of the Missouri River and are located in the States comprising the Missouri River Basin. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth, and reservoirs located on the main stem of the Missouri River and on the tributaries for control of flood flows at the dam sites. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 28, 1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, River Basin and authorized $9,000,000 for initiation 75th Cong., 1st sess. and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18, 1941 Modified the general comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Harlan County Dam and Reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr., and authorized $7,000,000 addi- tional expenditure. Dec. 22, 1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doec. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24, 1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17, 1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. Sept. 3, 1954 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $217,710,000 H. Doec. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess. additional expenditure. 1Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. Condition at end of fiscal year. Under sections 7 and 9 of Public Law 534, Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is responsible for detailed scheduling of operations of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reservoirs constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation, as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. Cost incurred during the fiscal year was $29,386. 970 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $38,200 $34,000 $33,200 $36,000 $32,000 $195,600 Cost---- 30,871 32,768 46,966 38,886 29,386 192,924 4. HAVRE, MILK RIVER, MONT. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Havre and vicinity on Milk River, Mont., 401.8 river miles upstream from its confluence with the Missouri River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the protection of areas subject to flooding in the city of Havre, Mont. The project includes two units, the Bull Hook unit and the Milk River unit. The Bull Hook unit consists of 2 rolled-earthfill dams, 1 on Scott Coulee and 1 on Bull Hook Creek, approximately 2,500 feet south of the city; a diversion channel to connect Scott Coulee to Bull Hook Creek just upstream of the dams; a combined discharge and spillway channel to divert flood flows into a coulee emptying into Milk River just east of the city; a small diversion dam in this coulee and a spillway to divert extreme flood flows into a drainage area to the northeast. The Milk River unit consists of a system of levees on both banks of the Milk River along the northern edge of the city, and provisions for pumping internal drainage and sewage during high water periods. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved De- cember 22, 1944 (S. Doc. 103, 78th Cong., 1st sess.). The current estimated Federal cost (July 1956) is $1,950,000; the estimated local cost (July 1956) is $212,300 for utility modifications, lands, rights-of-way, easements, relocations, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to move certain buildings, raise the railroad and highway grades and provide structures, move a powerline, and construct fences and road crossings. Local interests have provided all required local cooperation for the Bull Hook unit and have provided assur- ances of their ability to comply with all requirements for the Milk River unit. Operation and results during the fiscal year. The Bull Hook unit of the project was completed and construction was initiated on the Milk River unit. The total cost during the fiscal year was $458,541. Condition at end of the fiscal year. Preparation of detailed plans for the project is complete and construction on the Bull Hook unit is complete. Construction on the Milk River unit is approximately 59 percent complete. The total cost to June 30, 1956, was $1,494,702 all regular funds. FLOOD CONTROL---FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 971 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ......_ $348,000 $400,000 $500,000 ,-- $250,000 $1,600,000 Cost----------------- -$392 50,005 326,373 557,783 458,541 1,494,702 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956...___ $69,279 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 350, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------------------------- 419,279 5. SACO, MONT. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Saco, Mont., which is on the left bank of Beaver Creek about 33 miles above its confluence with the Milk River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the raising and strengthening of the existing protective works on the west, north, and east sides of the town to standards required for the safe functioning of flood protective works, the graveling of the crest of the existing south levee to provide a roadway for facilitating flood fighting and operation and maintenance of the works, and the construction of pumping facilities for interior drainage. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 88, 73d Cong., 1st sess.). The esti- mated Federal cost (July 1956) is $116,000; the estimated local cost (July 1956) is $1,500 for relocations, lands, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to remove or relocate all structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work. Local interests have furnished written as- surance of their willingness to provide local cooperation for the entire project and have acquired a portion of the land necessary for construction. Operation and results during the fiscal year. The design memorandum and plans and specifications were completed. The total cost during the fiscal year was $15,502. Condition at end of the fiscal year. Preparation of detailed plans for the project is complete. No construction work has been initiated. The total cost to June 30, 1956, was $16,157 all regular funds. 972 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $116,000 $116,655 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------ 15,502 16,157 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ________ $100, 498 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--_____________----------------------- 100, 498 6. BILLINGS, YELLOWSTONE RIVER, MONT. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Billings and vicinity on Yellowstone River, Mont., 346 river-miles upstream from its confluence with the Missouri River. Existing project. The overall plan of improvement for the flood protection of Billings and contiguous areas consists of a system of ditches, channels, and levees by means of which flood- waters approaching the city from the west, east, or south may be diverted away from the area subject to flooding. The pro- posed plan is divided into three separate units. The western unit of the plan consists of an interception ditch which will divert runoff from west of Billings into the Yellowstone River. Rein- forced concrete spillways will divert storm waters from-four irrigation canals which cross the alinement of the proposed inter- ception ditch, and drainage from other areas will enter the ditch through control spillways. Necessary appurtenances to the interception ditch are a reinforced concrete stilling basin, earth levees, a reinforced concrete chute and stilling basin. A railroad bridge and several additional highway bridges, over the proposed interception ditch and other similar improvements, will be neces- sary for completion of this unit. The eastern unit of the plan is designed to protect the fairgrounds and adjacent areas east of Billings from floods on Alkali Creek. The proposed plan consists of two sections of levee along the right bank of the existing channel; a cutoff channel 510 feet long excavated through the rock escarpment; and an enlargement of the existing channel from the stilling basin to the Yellowstone River. A railroad bridge will be necessary for this unit. The southern unit of the overall plan is designed to protect the areas south and east of Billings from floods on the Yellowstone River. This unit consists of a levee along the left bank of the river, and necessary ap- purtenant interior drainage structures. An existing levee will be incorporated into the proposed works. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 216, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimated Federal cost (July 1956 ) is $4,150,000; the estimated local cost (July 1956) is $317,000 for relocations, lands, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required FLOOD CONTROL-FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 973 to remove or relocate all structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work, provide all bridges and similar improvements, and construct or relocate roads. Local interests have indicated their willingness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Work was con- tinued on field surveys, investigations, and detailed plans. The total cost during the fiscal year was $9,807. Condition at end of the fiscal year. The general design memorandum was 100 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Total cost to June 30, 1956, was $34,205. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 __Total to June, 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------------------- ------------ $25,000 $40,000 $65,000 Cost--- --- ---------- ---- 24,397 9,807 34,205 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _.._ $30, 795 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 200,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1957___ 230, 795 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________________________ 3,885, 000 7. MILES CITY, YELLOWSTONE RIVER, MONT. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Miles City and vicinity, approximately 181 miles above the mouth of the Yellowstone River, within the flood plains and on the right banks of the Yellowstone and Tongue Rivers at their confluence. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for flood protection of Miles City and continguous highly developed areas, and includes two levees and a section of riprap. The riprap will extend approximately 1,330 feet along the right bank of the Yellowstone River, to protect the city's water plant from damages due to erosion of the riverbank. One of the levees begins along the Tongue River approximately 9,000 feet upstream from the Northern Pacific bridge, extends 27,550 feet along the right banks of the Tongue and Yellowstone Rivers, and ends at the embank- ment of the Milwaukee Railroad. The other levee, which is 8,600 feet long, is on the left bank of the Tongue River. In addition, the proposed plan will require the raising of the Pacific Avenue Highway Bridge and its approaches on both banks of the Tongue River. The project was authorized by the Flood Con- trol Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 216, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimated Federal cost (July 1956) is $1,440,000; the estimated local cost (July 1956) is $46,000 for relocations, lands, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required 974 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 to remove or relocate all structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work, provide all bridges and similar improvements, and construct or relocate roads. Local interests have indicated their willingness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. No work was accomplished during the fiscal year. Condition at end of the fiscal year. No work has been initiated. 8. GREYBULL, YELLOWSTONE RIVER, WYO. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Greybull and vicinity on Big Horn River, Wyo., 183 river miles upstream from its confluence with the Yellowstone River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the protection of areas subject to flooding in the city of Greybull, Wyo. The project is designed to give flood protection to resi- dences, business establishments, industrial areas, public buildings, and facilities of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad, and consists of approximately 13,675 feet of levee and necessary ap- purtenant interior drainage structures along the left bank of the Big Horn River. Existing levees, which presently provide pro- tection against minor floods, will be incorporated into the pro- posed works wherever possible. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 216, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimated Federal cost (July 1956} is $340,000; the estimated local cost (July 1956) is $97,000 for utility modifications, lands, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to raise highway grades, relocate a sewage pumphouse and neces- sary utilities, and remove existing structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work. Local interests have indicated their willingness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. The design memorandum and plans and specifications were completed. The total cost during the fiscal year was $13,736. Condition at end of the fiscal year. Field surveys, investiga- tions, and detailed plans are complete. Construction has not been initiated. Total cost to June 30, 1956, was $44,043. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated....------------------------------ ------------$40,000 $300,000 $340,000 Cost--------- ------------------------------------ 30,307 13,736 44,043 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _.... 295, 957 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ _____- ___ 295,957 FLOOD CONTROL-FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 975 9. DAYTON, YELLOWSTONE RIVER, WYO. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Dayton at the confluence of the Tongue and Little Tongue Rivers, approximately 235 miles above the mouth of the Tongue River. Existing project. The overall plan of improvement for flood protection at Dayton consists of a levee on the right bank of the Tongue River and levees on the left and right banks of the Little Tongue River channel. In addition a 24-inch diameter reinforced concrete siphon will be installed to carry irrigation waters across the Little Tongue River channel near the upstream end of the project. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 216, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimated Federal cost (July 1956) is $136,000; the estimated local cost (July 1956) is $16,000 for relocations, lands, and dam- ages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to remove or relocate all structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work, remove and relocate bridges and similar im- provements and accomplish all necessary relocation of utilities. Local interests have indicated their willingness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. No work was accomplished during the fiscal year. Condition at end of the fiscal year. No work has been initiated. 10. SHERIDAN, YELLOWSTONE RIVER, WYO. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Sheridan and vicinity on both sides of Goose Creek and Little Goose Creek approximately 11.6 miles above the junction of Goose Creek with the Tongue River. Existing project. The overall plan of improvement for flood protection at Sheridan consists of a system of levees and flood- walls in combination with alterations of the channels of Goose Creek and Little Goose Creek. The area subject to flooding from Little Goose Creek will be protected by approximately 12,800 feet of levee, 2,750 feet of vertical concrete floodwall and approxi- mately 1,500 feet of new channel. The proposed works for pro- tection of areas along Big Goose Creek include approximately 1,700 feet of new channel, 28,600 feet of levee, 330 feet of concrete floodwall, and 9,500 feet of improved channel. Riprap will be placed on earth slopes for a distance of 50 feet above and below all bridges, and the outside banks on all curves where erosion is likely to occur. Grouted riprap will be placed in drop sections of both streams. The project was authorized by the Flood Con- trol Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 216, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimated Federal cost (July 1956) is $2,590,000; the estimated local cost (July 1956) is $46,000 for relocations, lands, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required 976 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 to remove or relocate all structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work, provide all bridges and similar improvements, and construct or relocate roads. Local interests have indicated their willingness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. No work was accomplished during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been initiated. 11. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 full report Estimated Name of project see Annual amount re- Report Operation quired to for- Construction and mainte- complete nance Buffalo, Wyo. ._.------ - - $696,000 Forsyth, Mont-----------------------------1950 $255,177 _ (2) Glasgow, Mont... ..----------------------------- 1939 16,832 --------------- (2) Harlem, Mont.-4- 4- ----------------------- -- -- --- -- - - - - - - - - 1952 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5,015 93,985 Monarch, Wyo. .. ---------- 240,000 1 Authorized by the 1950 Flood Control Act. No planning or construction funds have been alloted. 2 Project completed. 3 Authorized by the 1936 Flood Control Act. 4 Inactive. 6 Estimated cost July 1954. 12. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS The work included in this feature consists of periodic inspec- tions of local flood protection projects to ascertain whether projects are properly operated and to point out essential main- tenance and repair work which should be accomplished. Total cost and expenditure incurred in connection with this work during the fiscal year was $1,494, distributed as follows: Location: Glasgow, Mont__ -- -_ $242 Shields Riv., Mont-_ ____ 350 Three Forks, Mont_ _- 475 Forsyth, Mont _-_-_ _ 375 Havre, Mont- 50 Cost and financial summary Fiscal yearlending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 Maintenance: Appropriated --... $800 $800 $1,200 $1,500 $1,500 $7,000 Cost..-------------- 685 1,100 1,196 1,494 1,492 6,981 13. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). FLOOD CONTROL--FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 977 Work was performed during the fiscal year on the following streams: Name and location: cost for fiscal yeor Little Prickly Pear Creek, Mont $295 Milk River, Mont -- 153 Total----------------------- - - 448 Detailed plans and specifications were completed on Little Prickly Pear Creek and Milk River during the fiscal year. No further work will be accomplished on the above projects because sponsorship for the projects was withdrawn. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated.......--------.-- --------. $42,000 $84,601 $25,087 -$22.295 $129,393 Cost ........ _...... .- -.- 42,000 81,106 5,839 448 129,393 Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of 1946 Flood Control Act). Emergency bank protection work was performed on the follow- ing streams during fiscal year 1956: Yellowstone River at Livingston, Mont _____ _____-_ ___ __- $106 Bank protection work was completed on the Yellowstone River at Livingston, Mont. during the fiscal year. No other work under this authority was performed. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated . ........--- $18,666 $50,000 $1,546 -$3,807 $212,110 Cost_ - - ----_- - 18,666 .......... 47,633 106 212,110 Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). A design memorandum for Plentywood, Montana, and plans and specifications for West Glendive, Montana, were completed during the fiscal year. Work will be initiated on the West Glendive, Mont. project during fiscal year- 1957 with available funds. The total cost during the fiscal year was $7,544. 978 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _------ ---------------- $18,650 $6,304 $144,992 $195,693 Cost ---------------- --. --- --..-.- -- -_16,168 8,282 7,544 57,741 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _______ $137,952 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_----------------------____________ 137, 952 Emergency flood-control activities (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation). Work was performed during the fiscal year at the following costs: Flood emergency operations $2, 001 Advance preparation for flood emergencies- _____ 2,921 Total ___-___ ___________- ______ 4,922 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ $8,094 $123,000 $56,672 $15,941 $4,692 1$703,056 Cost ---- - 8,703 117,099 55,614 21,439 4,922 1701,825 1 Exclusive of $5,990 contributed funds. 14. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost incurred from flood-control studies on the Sun River and tributaries during the fiscal year was $4,476. The interim report with respect to flooding at Great Falls, Mont., was com- pleted and submitted to higher authority during the fiscal year. Funds remaining, amounting to $500, will be applied during fiscal year ending June 30, 1957, to the continuation of work on the survey report for Sun River, by Garrison District. 15. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Hydrologic studies. The cost of collection and study of basic data consisted of retroactive pay raise for work performed dur- ing the prior fiscal year. Costs in this connection during the fiscal year were $19. OHIO RIVER For the actual construction of locks and dams, and the opera- tion and care of the completed structures, the river is divided into 3 sections under the immediate supervision and direction of district engineers at Pittsburgh, Huntington, and Louisville. The Pittsburgh section extends from the head of the river at Pittsburgh, Pa., to a point between Captina Island and Pow- hatan Point, a distance of 109 miles, and includes Emsworth, Dashields, and Montgomery locks and dams and locks and dams 7 to 13, inclusive; the Huntington section extends from mile 109 to mile 409.3, immediately downstream from Aberdeen, Ohio, a distance of 300.3 miles, and includes locks and dams 14 to 23, inclusive, Gallipolis locks and dam, and locks and dams 27 to 33, inclusive; the Louisville section extends from mile 409.3, im- mediately downstream from Aberdeen, Ohio, to the mouth of the river, a distance of 571.7 miles, and includes locks and dams 34 to 39, inclusive, locks and dam 41 (with the Louisville and Port- land Canal) and locks and dams 43 to 53, inclusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Page 1. Construction of locks and dams on the Ohio River _______ ____979 2. Open channel work, Ohio River_______________________________ 986 Note. Tributary navigation projects and all flood-control projects in the Ohio River Basin are contained in the reports of the districts included in the Ohio River Division. 1. CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS ON THE OHIO RIVER Location. The Ohio River is formed by the junction of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers at Pittsburgh, Pa., and flows in a general southwesterly direction for a distance of 981 miles to join the Mississippi River near Cairo, Ill. For description of the river see page 1227, Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. The first lock and dam on the Ohio River was provided for by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879. The construction of dams was provided for by River and Harbor Acts, as follows: Dam 6, September 19, 1890; dams 2, 3, 4, and 5, June 3, 1896; 13 and 18, March 3, 1899; 8, 11, 19, and 37, June 13, 1902; 26, March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1907 of Annual Report for 1915. For expenditures on the previous 6-foot canalization see paragraph "Condition at end of fiscal year" of this report. Existing project. This provides for the improvement of the entire river by the construction of locks and dams to provide a channel depth of 9 feet and for the widening of the Louisville and Portland Canal at Louisville, Ky. The project provides for a lock with usable dimensions of 110 by 600 feet at each dam and in addition an auxiliary lock 56 by 360 feet at Emsworth, Dashields, Montgomery, and dam 41 and 110 by 360 feet at Gallipolis. Dashields is a fixed dam, while Emsworth, Montgomery, and Gallipolis are fixed dams with movable crests. The remainder of the 46 dams are of the movable type, with navigable pass 979 980 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 varying in width from 600 to 1,248 feet. In addition to the navigable pass, the movable type dams are also provided with one or more regulating weirs. At dam 41 a canal (Louisville and Portland) extends along the left bank for a distance of 2 miles, with the locks at the lower end. Operation and care of the locks and dams were included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Ap- propriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. The estimate of cost of new work (existing project) (1956) exclusive of Gallipolis locks and dam reported under the Kanawha River project, is $571,435,000. The foregoing estimate does not include expenditures on previous projects. The following items previously included in this project are con- sidered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate: Raising crest of dam 14; construction of beartraps at dam 21; construction of additional beartraps at dams 18, 22, 23, 27, 30, 39, and 43 and construction of guard wall and guide wall extensions at locks and dams 35, 41, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, and 52. The cost of these items was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $11,064,700. The estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance of locks and dams (1956) is $7,200,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Construction of 54 locks with movable dams, widen- H. Doc. 492, 60th Cong., 1st sess. ing of the Louisville and Portland Canal to 170 feet, and a new lock at the lower end. The act also granted discretionary authority to the Secretary of War to make such modifications in the project as appeared advisable. July 18, 1918 Elimination of locks and dams in the lower river H. Doc. 1695, 64th Cong., 2d sess. where the project depth of 9 feet could be satisfac- torily maintained by open channel work. Secre- tary of War authorized to substitute fixed dams for movable dams wherever, in his opinion, they may be advisable. Under the authority granted in the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910, the Louisville and Portland Canal has been widened to 200 feet; locks and dams 40 and 42 have been eliminated; locks and dams 1 and 2 replaced by the Emsworth locks and dam; lock and dam 3 replaced by the Dashields locks and dam; and locks and dams 4, 5, and 6 replaced by the Montgomery locks and dam. Locks and dams 24, 25, and 26 were replaced by Gallipolis locks and dam which was authorized by the act of August 30, 1935, and constructed under the project for improving lower Kanawha River. Table A contains data relative to the various features of the locks and dams included in the existing project. Table B lists the principal towns and cities along the Ohio River with their mileage below Pittsburgh, Pa. Table A Lock Location Dimensions Depth on miter sills Per- Year Actual Lonck I I--. I- cent- opened cost to and Character of dam age to date of dam Greatest foundation com- navi- each lock Miles Width length Character of pleted gation and dam below of avail- foundation Pitts- Distance from nearest town or mouth cham- able Lift Upper Lower burgh of navigable tributary ber for full (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) width (feet) -------- I I I I I----I I I----I----I-------- 1 Replaced- ....-.. _._______ __ $870,034 6.2 Emsworth locks and dam, Ems- 600 100 2 5,861,765 18.0 117.0 12.9 Rock_ Rock and piles--- ------------------- 1921 worth, Pa. 360 2 Replaced. . ----............... ------------ ------.- 976,767 0 3 17.5 Ro-k- .... 1,144,588 Dashields locks and dam, 1.6 miles 13.3 below Sewickley, Pa. 360 1 13.4 3 17. 5 -Rock- --- _--------- Rock _ .. 100 1929 43,528,955 X 4 R eplaced .......................... 1,071,472 5 - do -.... ... -.. ............. ... 1,080,132 6 _ -...do ... _..... ........... _ .... 1,123,442 31.7 Montgomery locks and dam, 1.4 600 miles above Industry, Pa. 110 19.4 1 16.0 312.7 Rock and piles .-.. Rock and piles-..... 100 1936 55,737,611 360 7 36.5 Midland, Pa ...................... 110 600 6.9 15.4 11.0 Rock _-- Piles _ 100 1914 1,075,000 8 46.4 1.7 miles below Newell, W. Va ...-.. 110 600 6.4 15.4 12.0 Piles in gravel ..... Rock; piles in gravel_ 100 1911 1,167,456 54.4 New Cumberland locks and dam, 1200 22.6 19.2 12.7 Rock .._ .-- -- ---- Rock _ 2,974,593 9 Strattonville, Ohio.6 56.1 New Cumberland, W. Va .......... S110 600 600 7.4 15.4 11.0 _--_do __ Piles in gravel. ... 100 1914 1,177,100 110 _ 10 66.2 1.8 miles above Steubenville, Ohio _ 110 600 8.4 16.4 11.0 Rock and piles in .__ do ............. 100 1915 1,138,000 gravel. 00 11 76.9 2.5 miles below Wellsburg, W. Va___ 110 600 7.3 15.4 11.1 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 100 1911 1,162,165 110 gravel. gravel. 12 87.4 Warwood, W. Va_ ---.------- 110 600 8.4 15.4 11.0 ..... do .......... --- do do - 100 1916 1,166,104 13 96.1 McMechen, W. Va_... . ... . 110 110 600 7.3 13.8 9.5 ..... do_------------ Rock; piles in sand 100 1911 1,222,389 and gravel. 14 114.0 Woodland, W. Va_ ..... ...... .. 110 600 8.3 16.4 11.0 R ock _ .----------- Rock ---------- 100 1917 1,133,371 15 129.1 New Martinsville, W. Va ......... 110 600 7.8 15.4 11.0 d o _----- ------ __do_ - - 100 1916 ----- 1,180,478 16 146.5 Ben Run, W . Va_ ..-------------- 110 600 7.8 15.4 11.2 - _ - do _----- ----- _--do -- 100 1917 1,275,532 17 167.5 4.5 miles above Marietta, Ohio-...... 110 600 8.2 15.4 11.0 -..- do_------ _- --- do------------- 100 1918 1,362,591 18 179.9 4.7 miles above Parkersburg,W. Va_ 600 6.2 14.2 11.0 - .-..- do_ _ _-- do 100 1910 927,091 19 192.2 Little Hocking, Ohio __- -_ _ _-_ 600 7.7 16.9 11.0 Piles in sand, gravel, __do_ 100 1916 1,213,848 and rock. See footnotes at end of table. Table A-Continued Lock Location Depth on Dimensions miter sills Per- Year Actual M Lock cent- opened cost to and i Character of dam age to date of dam I Greatest foundation com- navi- each lock C Miles Width length Character of pleted gation and dam below of avail- foundation O Pitts- Distance from nearest town or mouth cham- able Lift Upper Lower burgh of navigable tributary ber for full (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) width (feet) I I I I I I I I I I 20 202.5 Belleville, W. Va ............ .... 110 600 7.5 15.4 11.0 Rock-_------------ Rock._............ 100 1917 $936,696 O 21 214.6 1.4 miles above Portland, Ohio___- 110 600 5.6 15.4 11.0 .....do............. -.... do ..... __..... 100 1919 1,484,562 22 220.9 Ravenswood, W. Va__ __.__.__... 110 600 7.8 15.4 11.2 .....do_------------ ----- do_......... 100 1918 1,218,798 23 231.4 Millwood, W. Va..__....___.. ... 110 600 5.6 15.4 13.5 do_--- -- -- - ....do ...........- 100 1921 ...... 1,851,488 24 R eplaced _ -..--.. . -.-.-.- . ...... 1,187,542 25 .--- do _-- - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,925,205 26 do _. . ..... . . __ . _ . . S110....... 1,307,241 279.2 Gallipolis locks and dam, 0.7 mile 110........ 600 26.0 18.0 12.0 Rock _do........... ... 100 1937 (7) below Hogsett, W. Va...._______-_ 110 360 Rock- - ----- ?Y 27 301.0 3.6 miles above Proctorville, Ohio __ 600 6.4 15.4 11.1 .....do_----------- do_......... ..... 100 1923 2,015,601 z 110 do- -_ __ - 28 311.6 3.3 miles below Huntington, W. Va - 110 600 7.1 15.4 11.0 ..... .... do_ - .--...do_..... ._ .. 100 1915 1,063,133 - 2.7 miles above Ashland, Ky ..--- - ..--do . . . -- .. 29 319.9 110 600 8.0 15.4 11.0 Roc.-do_----- -----do ... _. . . ... - 100 1916 1,088,802 30 339.4 3.3 miles below Greenup, Ky ........ 110 600 7.5 15.4 11.0 ....do_..--........ 100 1923 1,579,618 341.0 Greenup locks and dam, 4.9 miles be- 110 1200 32.0 21.0 13.0 ...- do_........... ... do .. . ___ 10 6,143,525 01 low Greenup, Ky.8 110 600 do_........... --.... 31 359.3 3.3 miles below Portsmouth, Ohio___ 110 600 7.5 15.4 11.0 .... do ._ 100 1919 1,359,231 32 382.6 1 mile above Rome, Adams County, 110 600 7.5 15.4 11.0 Piles in sand and Caissons on sand 100 1926 2,951,216 Ohio. gravel. and gravel. 33 405.1 3.5 miles above Maysville, Ky ..... 110 600 7.0 15.4 11.0 ....-do........... Piles in sand and 100 1921 1,937,166 gravel. 34 434.1 Chilo, Ohio_ 110 600 5.6 15.4 11.0 .....do_..... ..... do_............ 100 1925 3,437,057 - 35 451.0 1 mile below New Richmond, Ohio - 110 600 6.4 15.4 11.0 do....... .... .... do._____..___ 100 1919 -..... 1,894,942 36 460.9 9.3 miles above Cincinnati, Ohio .- 110 600 7.9 15.4 11.1 .- do........... c... do_... 100 1925 3,704,535 37 483.2 Fernbank, Ohio_____ 110 600 7.8 12.3 11.0 Rock.. ..... ... __ Rock-_- ---- 100 1911 1,297,924 38 503.3 Maxville, Ky ---------------- 600 7.3 15.4 11.0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 100 1924 2,857,040 S 110 gravel. gravel. 531.5 Markland locks and dam, 1 mile 110 110 1200 9 35.0 25.0 15.0 Rock......... ..--- Piles. -_ .. -__ 2 1,360,856 above Markland, Ind. 600 600 15.4 13.0 Piles in sand and Rock and piles in 100 100 39 531.7 1 mile above Markland, Ind_ .... 6.0 1921 2,222,448 gravel. sand and gravel. 40 Eliminated__ ----------.. - . 19.0 11.0 1921 ---- _----- ------------ 100- -------- 7,658,134 41 604.4 Louisville, Ky .................... 1 60 37.0 19.0 11.0 Rock_.-. ..._..._Rock---_- -.-..-.-- 100 1921 107,658,134 42 Elim inated ...................... 110 600 43 633.2 3.3 miles below West Point, Ky.... 110 600 9.0 15.4 11.0 Pile----------- - Pile .. - - ---- 100 1921 2,592,242 44 663.2 Leavenworth, Ind ........... 110 600 7.0 15.4 13.0 _do......----------- Rock and pile___ 100 1925 -_. 2,818,763 45 703.0 Addison, Ky --------------......... 110 600 9.0 17.4 13.0 Rock ...---........------- ----.. do..--.....-------- 100 1927 3,202,587 46 757.3 Owensboro, Ky-----------.......... 110 600 11.0 17.4 11.0 Pile ---------------- Pile o-...-........-- 100 1928 3,127,981 47 777.7 Newburgh, Ind ..................... 110 600 9.0 15.4 11.0 ..... do.....----------... do-------------- 100 1928 4,415,526 48 809.6 5.8 miles below Henderson, Ky..... 110 600 7.0 15.4 13.0 ... do ...---------- -- do............---------- 100 1922 3,062,700 49 845.0 2.4 miles below Uniontown, Ky ... 110 600 11.0 17.4 13.0 Rock ----. ..--.---- Rock ______ 100 1928 3,325,297 50 876.8 1 mile below Weston, Ky.......... 110 600 10.0 17.4 11.0 .._do- .------. Rock and pile....... 100 1928 3,751,614 51 903.1 0.6 miles below Golconda, Ill .----- 110 600 8.0 15.4 11.0 Rock and piles ..... Pile...... 100 1929 4,370,566 52 938.9 1.4 miles below Brookport, Ill .... 110 110 600 600 12.0 15.4 11.0 Pile--........------------ ....do ...---------- 100 1928 4,461,462 53 962.6 10.8 miles above Mound City, Ill__ 13.4 15.4 11 9.6 do...---------- do .. .... . ..... . 100 1929 --- 5,410,668 Gravel---------- 54 974.2 Mound City, Ill... ....... ..... (12) (12) (12) Rock----------- (12) Total_ ..................... 13132,592,650 1 Depths as shown are on emergency-dam foundation and are controlling depths. 11Dam below was not commenced. Depth on lower miter sill at low water. O 2 Change from fixed dam to lift-gate dam completed in 1938. Replaces movable 12 Necessity for construction has not yet been determined. dams 1 and 2. 13Exclusive of $6,483,240, details below: 3 Depths as shown are on poiree dam foundation and are controlling depths. 4Fixed Dam. Replaces movable dam 3. Additional features entering into cost of project 5Lift-gate dam. Replaces movable dams 4, 5, and 6. Louisville and Portland Canal and Indiana chute (under previous 6Will replace locks and dams 7, 8, and 9. project) . ---------------------------------------------- 5,359,203 - 7Roller-gate dam.. Replaces movable dams 24, 25, and 26. Cost not included in Examinations, surveys, contingencies, plant and miscellaneous..... 966,232 1 total, as it was constructed under project for improving lower Kanawha River. Planning for reconstruction of locks and dam No. 41- ---------- -- 157,805 tM 8Will replace locks and dams 27, 28, 29, and 30. 9 Will replace locks and dams 35, 36, 37, 38, and 39. 6,483,240 to Completed with large new lock in 1921. Completed with new dam and raised canal and lock walls in 1928. Construction of an auxiliary lock commenced in 1929, Total-- 139,075,890 ...--------------------------------- which lock was completed in 1930. 00 w0 984 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Table B Miles Miles Miles below below below Location Pitts- Location Pitts- Location Pitts- burgh burgh burgh - Pittsburgh, Pa .........- Ambridge, Pa .------ .. _ 15.9 Portsmouth, Ohio Maysville, Ky ....... 356.0 408.6 Rockport, Ind-------- Owensboro, Ky- ..-. 742.2 756.5 Aliquippa, Pa .-.__ 20.0 Newport, Ky ....... 469.8 Newburgh, Ind_---- -778.0 East Liverpool, Ohio__ 43.5 Cincinnati, Ohio.....- 470.2 Evansville, Ind ..._ 792.3 Steubenville, Ohio.... 68.0 Covington, Ky ....... 470.5 Henderson, Ky.._.._ 803.9 Wheeling, W. Va ..... 90.5 Lawrenceburg, Ind_ 492.9 Mt. Vernon, Ind .. __ 829.1 Bellaire, Ohio ........ 94.5 Aurora, Ind .......... 496.7 Uniontown, Ky ....__ 842.5 Marietta, Ohio ....... 172.0 Carrollton, Ky -_- 545.7 Shawneetown, Ill ... 857.8 Parkersburg, W. Va___ 184.6 Madison, Ind .--------- 557.7 IGolconda, Ill-------__ 902.5 Point Pleasant, W.Va_ 265.2 Jeffersonville, Ind....- 602.7 Paducah, Ky --------- 934.5 Gallipolis, Ohio ...- . 269.7 Louisville, Ky ..-.... 603.7 Metropolis, Ill.....___ 943.8 Huntington, W. Va_ _ 308.3 New Albany, Ind.... 608.5 Joppa, Ill- _------.. 951.4 Catlettsburg, Ky ..... 317.2 Leavenworth, Ind._ _ 664.0 Mound City, Ill .. _ 973.4 Ashland, Ky .- 322.6 Cannelton, Ind_______ 724.0 Cairo, Ill- -________ - 979.3 Ironton, Ohio --.... 327.2 Tell City, Ind ..-- 727.0 Terminal facilities. Modern public terminals, with ware- houses, equipped with operating machinery for transferring materials have been constructed by private interests at some of the larger cities and towns. The latest published list of terminals on the Ohio River appears in Transportation Series No. 2, 1929. The list is brought up to date each year as of June 30, and can be obtained from the Division Engineer, Ohio River Division, Cincinnati, Ohio. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: New work was performed by contract and hired labor. The costs were as follows: New Cumberland locks and dam: Completion of detailed construction plans and specifications for the locks, continuation of design memoranda studies for the dam and appurtenances, and continuation of planning and negotiations with owning agencies for various relocation work; continuation of land acquisition and preliminary work for acquisition of flowage easements in the pool area; relocation by owning agencies of utilities located at the lock site; completion (by contract) of grading and construction of drainage structures for relocation of Ohio State Route 7, and completion of paving relocated highway by State of Ohio (under agreement); initiation (by contract) of construction of locks and appurtenances which consisted of excavation of 260,000 cubic yards for the land wall and construction of approximately 1,160 feet of cofferdam __ $1, 890, 674 Greenup locks and dam: Completion (by contract) of construc- tion of cofferdam for the locks; initiation (by contract) of construction of the locks; payment for four tracts of land re- quired for lock site and conveyance of easement over properties of the Norfolk and Western Railroad located in the pool area; completion of real estate design memorandum covering fee and easement tracts required for abutment site of dam and initia- tion of work in connection with acquistion; continuation of work on plans and specifications for construction of the lock appurtenances and work on detailed plans for the dam and other phases of the project ______________________________ 3, 920,097 Markland locks and dam: Completion of plans and specifications for construction of locks; continuation of model studies; initia- tion of acquisition of lands and contract for construction of locks, cofferdam, field office and access road - ______ _ 932,240 OHIO RIVER 985 Locks and dam 41 (reconstruction): Initiation of: Engineering studies for preparation of general design memorandum for replacement locks and dam; model studies of proposed new structures; and plans and specification for the locks_-____ 157, 805 Total for new work __________________________________ $6,900,816 Operation and maintenance, general: The locks and dams were operated as required, and necessary repairs and improvements were made thereto, and to the operators' quarters, grounds and esplanades to the extent of funds available. The costs, by dis- tricts, were as follows: Pittsburgh Huntington Louisville Total Operation and ordinary maintenance ....... $1,063,658 $1,909,026 $2,102,713 $5,075,397 Rehabilitation ..........----------------------------- 609,053 495,226 422,891 1,527,170 Total----------- -------------------- 1,672,711 2,404,252 2,525,604 6,602,567 Summary of costs during the fiscal year is as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, general Regular ....------------------------------------------------- $6,900,816 $6,602,567 Condition at end of fiscal year. The navigation system of 46 locks and dams is in operation and 9-foot navigation through- out the entire length of the river is generally available at all times. At certain unstable bars the project depth is maintained by dredging, supplemented by contraction works. (See project "Open channel work, Ohio River", page 986.) Table A under "Existing project" shows cost and year of completion of locks and dams now in operation. The existing project does not pro- vide adequate facilities for present day navigation due to obsoles- cence of the structures. Since repair and modernization of these facilities would be extremely costly, replacement and reconstruc- tion is being undertaken as rapidly as funds can be made available for the purpose. Construction of the following locks and dams was initiated during the fiscal year 1955: New Cumberland locks and dam (Strattonville, Ohio) to replace locks and dams 7, 8, and 9; and Greenup locks and dam (near Greenup, Ky.) to replace locks and dams 27, 28, 29, and 30. Construction was initiated in fiscal year 1956 of Markland locks and dam (near Markland, Ind.) to replace locks and dams 35, 36, 37, 38, and 39. Funds have been made available for fiscal year 1957 for initiation of planning work on New Richmond locks and dam (near New Richmond, Ohio) to replace locks and dams 31, 32, 33, and 34, and for initiation of reconstruction of locks and dam 41. Other replacement and reconstruction facilities proposed are: Construc- tion of Pike Island locks and dam to replace locks and dams 10 and 11; construction of Opossum Creek locks and dam to replace locks and dams 12, 13, and 14; and construction of Wabash Island 986 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 locks and dam to replace locks and dams 48 and 49. The costs to the end of the fiscal year for the existing project were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general .........-. ------- Regular_--------- ____ $117,614,924 $96,258,720 $213,873,644 Public works--.... ---------- __ _ -____-- 3,258,368 -------------------- 3,258,368 Emergency relief_-_.-----------__ __-_ -- - 1,198,837 19,000 1,217,837 Maintenance and operation_--------- _ _-------------------_ 2,081,900 2,081,900 Total_ ___-------------------_ -_ 122,072,129 198,359,620 220,431,749 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $100,041 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. The cost of the previous 6-foot canalization project was $17,003,761 which was the expenditures to June 30, 1910. The total cost to date of new work, including the cost of old structures which have been replaced, is $139,075,890. In addition, the sum of $36,943,217 was expended between October 7, 1885, and June 30, 1937, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------- 881 $249, $239,291 $165,000 $3,164,500$12,390,000 $144,972,902 Cost-------------. 139,962 465,614 196,028 2,763,820 6,900,816 139,075,890 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 6,617,564 6,827,328 7,265,000 6,485,871 6,292,033 135,341,583 Cost---------_----- 6,681,704 6,903,725 6,862,457 7,128,541 6,602,567 1135,302,837 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $100,041 was transferred to the project without'reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__- $1, 035, 195 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---------------------------------------- 23, 895, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------ 24, 930, 195 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------ 419, 571, 000 2. OPEN CHANNEL WORK, OHIO RIVER Open channel work on the Ohio River is in charge of the district engineer in whose district the work is located. For information as to the limits of the three districts on the Ohio River, see page 979. The portion of the river included in the project extends from the head of the river at Pittsburgh, Pa., to the mouth of the Cache River (Mound City, Ill.), a distance of 974.7 miles. Open channel improvement from the mouth of the OHIO RIVER '987 Cache River to the mouth of the Ohio River is under the juris- diction of the Mississippi River Commission. Existing project. Prior to the completion of the canalization project, no project depth had been fixed by Congress under the project for open channel work, but in order to properly aid packet and barge navigation it was found necessary to secure a low water channel having a minimum depth of from 4 to 6 feet, and a width, depending upon the difficulty of running the channel, of from 400 to 600 feet; also to permit the movement of large coal tows, which movement occurred at stages of water exceeding 10 feet, it was found necessary to remove the points of projecting bars which formed at various locations along the river. The accomplishment of this purpose involved the concentration of current by closing back channels at islands with low dams, the contraction and straightening of wide, open channels by low dikes, dredging of bars and shoals, and the removal of snags and wrecks. Since the completion of the canalization project, the work under the project for open channel work provides mainly for widening, deepening, and maintenance of the channel in the pools of the dams, and in the open river section of the river below lock and dam 53 so as to provide and maintain the full project depth of 9 feet contemplated by the canalization project. Channel widths generally are in excess of 500 feet, except at critical bars where there is periodic recurrent shoaling. Channels 300 feet in width are maintained at critical bars by periodic dredging. Such channels may become constricted to a width of 250 feet before dredging can be accomplished. These channel widths are the minimum that will facilitate the movement of the present day barge tows. The accomplishment of this work not only involves dredging of bars and shoals, but the construction and maintenance of back channel dams, dikes and bank revetments for stabilizing the channel, and the removal of snags and wrecks. Incidental to the direct improvement of the Ohio River is the construction and maintenance of ice piers as required for the protection of river craft. The stage of extreme high water on the Ohio River varies from 46 feet at Pittsburgh, Pa., to 80 feet at Cincinnati, Ohio, with 57.2 feet at Louisville, Ky. (head of falls), 53.8 feet at Evansville, Ind., and 59.5 feet at Cairo, Ill. (mouth of river). The estimated cost of new work (1956) is $16,130,000, which is exclusive of the additional ice piers authorized by the River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927, and the reforestation of sloughs on Kentucky Peninsula near Evansville, Ind., authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930. The following items included in the project are considered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate: Ice piers author- ized by the River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927; refor- estation of sloughs on Kentucky Peninsula near Evansville, Ind., authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930; dredging to widen the channel at certain points; and placing of revetment at various points. The cost of these items was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $6,565,000. 988 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance (1956) is $1,080,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1827 The project adopted by this act originally covered the entire length of the Ohio River from its mouth near Cairo to Pittsburgh, a distance of 981 miles. It pro- vided for the removal of all obstructions which tend to endanger steamboat navigation. Jan. 21, 1927 Construction of ice piers as a part of the project, with H. Doc. 187, 67th Cong., 2d sess. funds allotted from the appropriations for general open-channel work. July 3, 1930 Reforestation of the sloughs on Kentucky Peninsula H. Doc. 409, 69th Cong.; 1st sess. near Evansville, Ind., and a 200-foot strip along the upstream bank and for bank protection at an estimated cost of $200,000. Operation of snag boats on the Ohio River below the Pennsyl- vania State line was included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act ap- proved June 26, 1934. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved Janu- ary 21, 1927, authorizing the construction of ice piers for general open-channel work, imposes the condition that before work is begun on any ice pier, local interests convey to the United States free of cost such riparian rights as may be deemed necessary in connection with the improvement at the locality (H. Doc. 187, 67th Cong., 2d sess.). Existing ice piers are adequate for present purposes and local cooperation is not needed since no additional construction is under consideration. The River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930, authorizing the reforestation of the sloughs on Kentucky Peninsula near Evansville, Ind., and a 200-foot strip along the upstream bank and for bank protection, provides that no expense shall be incurred by the United States for acquiring of any lands required for the pur- pose of this improvement (H. Doc. 409, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). However since no serious overbank erosion has occurred since the bank revetment in 1933-34, reforestation is not considered justi- fiable at this time and no local cooperation is required. Terminal facilities. See page 984. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging, where required to provide an adequate and dependable channel of project depth at minimum pool conditions, was executed. The dikes and revetments were maintained and the routine work of maintaining navigation aids, removing snags, making channel studies, and hydrographic surveys was performed as required. The specific work accomplished during the year was as follows: Operation and maintenance, general: The following dredging and other maintenance work was performed: Operation and ordinary maintenance: Channel soundings; hydrographic surveys; channel inspections and aids to navigation; miscellaneous inspections and reports -- -- _____________ $201,973 OHIO RIVER 989 Rehabilitation: Dredging (hired labor) : Cubic yards Cost Louisville District____ 1, 853, 210 $400, 738 $400, 738 Snagging and clearing_ 9, 817 Total _ $612, 528 The total cost during the fiscal year on the entire river, all for operation and maintenance, general, was $612,528. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work under this project is substantially complete, since it is not anticipated that work on the inactive portion of the project will be accomplished. In addition to dredging, local stabilization of the channel has been effected at various points by construction of dikes and revetment. The work which remains to be done consists of dredging to widen the channel at certain points to the project depth. The total costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Public Works Class of Work Regular funds funds Total New work_____________ _______________ $14,922,024 $1,040,236 $15,962,260 Operation and maintenance, general _._._ 1 33,169,002 ---- -. -- 33,169,002 Total____________ ___________________ 48,091,026 1,040,236 49,131,262 1 This amount includes $1,000 for removal of obstructions in Licking River under authority of sec. 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930. In addition, the sum of $1,621,349 was expended between Sep- tember 19, 1890, and June 30, 1936, in the operation of snag boats under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------......--. $175,000 -$3,600 -$1,565-- .................... $15,962,260 Cost- : - - 214,335 1,753 ------------------------ Mainte 15,962,260 Maintenance: Appropriated_....... 1,154,818 1,100,500 482,750 $655,400 $591,490 34,796,498 Cost" --- - 1,076, 236 1,061,900 476,587 723,270 612,528 34,790,351 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________________ $168, 000 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT This district comprises portions of southern Kentucky, south- western Virginia, western North Carolina, northern Georgia and Alabama, northeastern Mississippi and practically all of Tennes- see except the western portion, and embraces the drainage basins of the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers and their tributaries. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Floood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Cumberland River, Tenn. and 8.Dale Hollow Reservoir, Ohio Ky_ 991 River Basin, Tenn. and Ky_ 1016 2. Tennessee River, Tenn., Ala., 9.Center Hill Reservoir, Ohio and Ky_ 1002 River Basin, Tenn -------- 1019 3. Other authorized navigation 10.Coal Creek and tributaries projects- 1008 (Lake City), Tenn_________ 1022 11.Paint Rock River, Ala-- 1023 Flood Control 12.Ohio River Basin, Nashville, Tenn., District-----______ 1024 4. Middlesboro, Cumberland 13. Other authorized flood-control River Basin, Ky----------1008 projects__________________ 1026 5. Pineville, Cumberland River 14. Flood-control work under spe- Basin, Ky -------------- 1009 cial authorization_--------- 1026 6. Barbourville, Ky_-------- 1012 7. Lake Cumberland (Wolf Creek General Investigations Dam), Ohio River Basin, Ky_------------------- 1014 15. Examinations and surveys -_. 1027 16. Research and development-_ _ 1027 1. CUMBERLAND RIVER, TENN. AND KY. Location. This river is formed by the junction of Poor and Clover Forks in Harlan County, Ky., about 692.8 miles above its mouth, and flows west to Burnside, Ky., from whence it makes a loop southwestward into Tennessee, passes Nashville, and returns northwestward to Kentucky, emptying into the Ohio near Smithland, Ky. (See U. S. Geological Survey base maps of Tennessee and Kentucky.) Previous projects. Below Nashville: The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1832, made the first appropriation for this section of the river, but the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, was the first to define a project for its improvement. The River and Harbor Act of September 19, 1890, adopted a special project for the improvement of the mouth of the river. For further details see page 1901 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1208 of Annual Report for 1938. Above Nashville: Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 14, 1876, March 3, 1881, and July 5, 1884. For further details see page 1898 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1208 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. Below Nashville: Prior to adoption of the 9-foot navigable channel defined in succeeding paragraphs, the project for this section of the river provided for the construction of locks and dams A, B, C, D, E, and F, and dredging in the 43.6 miles from lock F to the mouth to secure 6-foot navigation at 991 992 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 extreme low water from the mouth to lock and dam 1, Nashville, Tenn. (188.4 miles above the mouth), the first lock constructed under the project for the section of the river above Nashville. The surmounting of dams A to F with movable crests was also provided. Dredging in the lower river was made unnecessary by the con- struction of lock and dam 52, Ohio River, which created a pool of more than 6-foot depth from lock F to the mouth. The cost of new work for completion of the 6-foot navigation project was $4,706,883, excluding amounts expended on previous projects. The principal features of the locks and dams included in the project are given in the following table: Lock A' Lock B Lock C Nearest railroad station- ..... Fox Bluff, Tenn. at Hickory Point, Tenn., Sailors Rest, Tenn., station. 2Y2 miles. 1 mile. Distance above mouth 2 of river_ ---------- 150.6 miles .. 140.3 miles . . ...... 108.5 miles. Lock dimensions __........__.. 52 by 280 feet ..-------- 52 by 280 feet .......... 52 by 280 feet. Normal pool level------___ 371.9 feet, mean sea 358.6 feet, mean sea 346.8 feet, mean sea level, level, level. Lift above normal pool of dam 13.3 feet_________...... 11.8 feet------------ 12.3 feet. below. Depth on miter sills at normal f10.5 feet, upper ....... 10.1 feet, upper-. 10.5 feet, upper. pool. 10.3 feet, lower-_ _. 10.3 feet, lower.. - - - 10.2 feet, lower. Character of foundation-...._.. Rock -------------- Rock -------------- Rock. Kind of dam_ _--------------- Fixed-------------- Fixed_-------------- Fixed. Type of constructions8-_ -- -.-. Stone masonry lock, Concrete lock, timber Concrete lock, timber timber crib dam. crib dam. crib dam. Placed in operation ...---------- Nov. 26, 1904-------- _..Nov. 9, 1916 ---------.. Sept. 2, 1918. Cost of lock and dam-......... $490,011__ ..______ $679,683 _ - $721,381. Lock D Lock E Lock F Nearest railroad station-....... Cumberland City, Cadiz, Ky., 12 miles_. Eddyville, Ky., 1 mile. Tenn., 21 miles. Distance above mouth of river_ _ 88 miles ...------------ 66.3 miles- .--......... 43.6 miles. Lock dimensions2-.-__---- - 52 by 280 feet.....--------. 52 by 280 feet...-------- 52 by 280 feet. Normal pool level_.------------ 334.5 feet, mean sea 323.6 feet, mean sea 313.5 feet, mean sea level. level, level. Lift above normal pool of dam 10.9 feet__------------_ 10.1 feet------------ 11.5 feet. below. Depth on miter sills at normal f10.3 feet, upper-....... 10.7 feet, upper-_ 10.6 feet, upper. pool. o10.3 feet, lower- 4 - - lower_--- 10.6 feet - - - - - - - - - - 12.4 feet, lower. Character of foundation- ..___..Rock4-.------____.. . - Rock . Rock.4 Kind of dam-------_----_- Fixed__--------------- Fixed -------------- Fixed. Type of constructions---..----. Concrete lock, timber Concrete lock, timber Concrete lock, timber crib dam. crib dam. crib dam. Placed in operation ----------. Dec. 21, 1916 -- _------- Nov. 20, 1922--------.. Nov. 1, 1923. Cost of lock and dam ---------. $629,255_- ---- _____ $1,075,810 ----------- $1,110,743. 1 Replaced by new facilities under modified project. 2 Clear width and length available for full width. 3 With concrete cap and movable crest. 4 Abutment founded on piles; dam partly on rock and partly on gravel. The extreme fluctuation in the stage of the river varies from about 23 to 60 feet at different localities. Fluctuations below extreme high water are so variable that it is impracticable to fix the stage commonly referred to on other streams as ordinary high water. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (PL 525, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), authorized the further improvement of the Cumberland River between the mouth and Nashville for 9-foot navigation; the increased project depth to be obtained by con- struction of 3 moderate height dams with lockage facilities, desig- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 993 nated as Kuttawa (Eureka), Dover, and Cheatham, to replace the existing locks A to F, inclusive, below Nashville, -and lock 1, above Nashville. (See H. Doc. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) In addition to supplemental authority granted in Public Law 396, 82d Congress, 2d session, approved June 19, 1952, which provided for the construction of hydroelectric power-generating facilities at Cheatham Dam, river mile 148.7, the River and Harbor Act of 1954 (PL 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) authorized further modifica- tion of the project for navigation on the Cumberland River, Tenn. and Ky., to provide, in lieu of the previously authorized works at Kuttawa, mile 32.2, and Dover, mile 100.1, for the construction of a multiple-purpose improvement for navigation, flood control, and hydroelectric power consisting of a dam, lock, and powerplant in the vicinity of mile 30.5 on the lower Cumberland River and a canal for navigation and other purposes connecting the proposed reservoir with the reservoir formed by Kentucky Dam on the Tennessee River. Public Law 537, 84th Congress, 2d session ap- proved May 24, 1956, provided upon enactment that the dam to be constructed on the lower Cumberland River, Ky., authorized by the River and Harbor Act of 1954, and the reservoir to be formed by the waters impounded by such dam, should thereafter be known and designated on the public records as Barkley Dam and Lake Barkley, respectively. Provision of the interconnecting canal, equipped with control gates and involving excavation of a channel through the narrow watershed divide at a point about 2.5 miles up- stream from the dam site, will make alternative routes available for navigation between either the Cumberland or Tennessee Rivers and the Ohio River, and will afford integrated operation of Barkley and Kentucky Reservoirs through the diversion of flows in the interests of flood control and power production. The current (1956) estimated cost of the modified project for 9-foot navigation and multiple-purpose development is $197,300,000. The principal features of the works of improve- ment are as follows: Dam and reservoir Barkley Cheatham Nearest town ..... Kuttawa, Ky. 11 ........--------------------------------------- Ashland City, miles. Tenn., 9 miles. Distance above mouth lof river (miles) ........--------------------- 30.5------------- 148.7. Lock dimensions (feet)' _----_--------------------------------_. 110 by 800-------- 110 by 800. Lift at normal pool levels (feet)----- ----------------------- 57_-------------- 26. Depths on guardsills at normal pool levels (feet) ------------ 20.0, upper; 14.0, 17.0, upper; 17.0, lower. lower. Character of foundaiion_--- ----------------------------- Rock ....---------- Rock. Dam: Type.....--....-- ......----...-----------------------------. Concrete gravity Concrete gravity. and earthfill. Height (feet) --...--- ---------------------------------- 130 ---------- 75. 7,785.....----------- Length, exclusive of lock section (feet)_---------------------- 800. Spillway: Gross length (feet)- -- 852- - 480. Net length opening (feet) - ----- 700--------------- 420. Crest gates: Type _-------- - Vertical-lift ----- _ Tainter. Number------------------- 20_ - ------------ 7. Size (feet) . . . . . . _. . . .. 35 by 45 --- 60 by 27. 994 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Dam and reservoir Barkley Cheatham Operating levels at dam (feet, mean sea level): F u ll p o ol .. .......... ........................... 375___ - 385. N orm al pool------------ ------------ ----------- 359 ----- -- -- 385. Conservation pool__ 3549_ -- 382. Reservoir area (acres) - - 96,000 ----....-- 7,450. Reservoir capacity (acre-feet): Flood control_ - 2 1,273,000 ....--- Power drawdown --- 282,000 .__________ 3 19,800. Dead storage - - -- 693,000 -.... ----- 84,200. To tal-.... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2,248,000 - -- -- 104,000. Canal: Length (miles) _-- 1.5 - Bottom width (feet) -- 600-------------- Depth at minimum pool level (feet) 24_. Power development: Number of units _-- ---- 5__ - - - - - - 3. Generator rating (kilowatts) - 26,000 ------------ 12,000. Total installation (kilowatts) -- ---- 130,000 .----- - 36,000. Percent of project completion.. - -- 74. Year opened to navigation __- - - -- - 1952. Estimated cost: Construction - - - $112,710,000 $28,371,800 Lands and damages 54,290,000 1,928,200 T otal- .... ..... ... ....... ...... ...... 167,000,000 30,300,000 I Clear width and length available for full width. 2 Normal operation (elevation 375-359) during nonflood season; flood-control allowance to be increased to 1,555,000 acre-feet (elevation 375-354) during season of major flood flows. 3 Daily pondage allowance; run-of-river project. The existing project for the section below Nashville was author- ized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 13, 1892 Provision made for lock A_-_ - _ _ Annual Report, 1890, p. 2151. June 25, 1910 Provision made for locks B to F, and for dredging H. Does. 758, 60th Cong., 1st sess., below lock F. and 1481,1 60th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19352 Repairing dams A to F, inclusive, and surmounting H. Doc. 38, 73d Cong., 1st sess. same with movable crests. July 24, 1946 Provision of 9-foot channel by the construction of 3 H. Doc. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sess. moderate height dams below Nashville; viz, Kut- tawa (Eureka), Dover, and Cheatham. June 19, 1952 Provision for hydroelectric power production as a function of Cheatham Dam. Sept. 3, 1954 Construction of Barkley (Lower Cumberland) dam S. Doc. 81, 83d Cong., 2d sess. and reservoir project for navigation, flood control, hydroelectric power, and related purposes in lieu of Kuttawa and Dover navigation-only structures. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Included in Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. Above Nashville: The River and Harbor Acts of August 5, 1886, March 2, 1907, March 2, 1919, and June 5, 1920, provided for the construction of locks and dams 1 to 17 and 21 to secure 6-foot navigation at low water from Nashville (lock and dam 1, 188.4 miles above the mouth) to Waitsboro Shoals (a distance of 324.6 miles), and 4-foot navigation from Waitsboro Shoals to Burnside (3 miles); provision also being made for the periodic removal of snags and similar obstructions from Nashville (lock and dam 1) to Burnside (327.6 miles). The project as modified by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, further provided for raising dam No. 1 by 3 feet (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 26, 70th Cong., 2d sess.). RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 995 Under the above authority, locks and dams 1 to 8, inclusive, and 21 were completed and placed in operation during the period 1888-1924. The raising of dam 1 by installation of crest wickets was completed in October 1931. Proposed locks and dams 16 and 17 were eliminated from the project upon authorization of Lake Cumberland (Wolf Creek Reservoir) (p. 1014), the construction of which has also resulted in the permanent inundation of lock and dam 21. The principal features of locks and dams 1 to 8, inclusive, are given in the following tabulation; for comparable details on lock and dam 21 (abandoned) and the other structures contemplated under the project, see Annual Report for 1950: Lock 11 Lock 2 Lock 31 Lock 41 Nearest railroad sta- Nashville, Tenn., Madison, Tenn., Hendersonville, Gallatin, Tenn., 5 tion. 2% miles. 1 miles. Tenn., 3 miles. miles. Distance above mouth 188.4 miles -_. 201 miles -_ ---- 218.1 miles ..... 237 miles. or river. 2 Lock dimensions ...... 52 by 280 feet... .- 52 by 280 feet -- 52 by 280 feet .... _ 52 by 280 feet. Normal pool level ...- 377.4 feet, mean 386.4 feet, mean 297.5 feet, mean 410.8 feet, mean sea level. sea level. sea level. sea level. Lift above normal 5.5 feet -_________ 9 feet ------------- 11.1 feet .... ..... 13.3 feet. pool of dam below. Depth on miter sills 9.5 feet, upper__ 7.5 feet, upper ---- 6.6 feet, upper .... 7.9 feet, upper. at normal pool. 10.5 feet, lower ... 9.5 feet, lower---. 7.5 feet, lower .... 6.6 feet, lower. Character of founda- Rock ....- .-... .. Rock _ _..... .... R ock - .......... Rock. tion. Kind of dam_ _..... Fixed ............ Fixed ------ ..... Fixed _.......... Fixed. Type of construction__ Stone masonry Stone masonry Stone masonry Stone masonry lock, 3timber crib lock, timber crib lock, timber crib lock, timber crib dam. dam;4 concrete dam; concrete dam;4 concrete cap. cap. cap. Placed in operation ... Nov. 26, 1904 ----. Oct. 9, 1907 - Oct. 15, 1908 ...... Nov. 17, 1909. Cost of lock and dam__ $395,634 ---.. ... $340,242 - - $348,354 .__-.... $346,430. Lock 5 Lock 6 Lock 7 Lock 8 Nearest railroad sta- Lebanon, Tenn., Hartsville, Tenn., Carthage, Tenn., Carthage, Tenn., tion. 10 miles. 4 miles. 82 miles. 5% miles. Distance above mouth 264.7 miles ....... 281.6 miles ....... 299.7 miles 317 miles. of river. 2 Lock dimensions . 52 by 280 feet ..... 52 by 280 feet ----- 52 by 280 feet .---- 52 by 280 feet. Normal pool level . 421.5 feet, mean 435.2 feet, mean 445.5 feet, mean 458.2 feet, mean sea level. sea level. sea level. sea level. Lift above normal pool 10.7 feet- _-__-__-. 13.7 feet _ _----- 10.3 feet _________- 12.7 feet. of dam below. Depth on miter sills at f6.6 feet, upper .... 8.3 feet, upper .... 6.6 feet, upper .. _- 6.7 feet, upper. normal pool. \7.9 feet, lower _-.- 6.6 feet, lower ---- 8.3 feet, lower .... 6.7 feet, lower. Character of founda- Rock .- - -..... Rock _.......... Rock_- ----- Rock. tion. Kind of dam ......... Fixed - Fixed -......... Fixed____________ Fixed. Type of construction - Stone masonry Stone masonry Stone masonry Concrete lock, tim- lock, timber crib lock, timber crib lock, timber crib ber crib dam. dam; concrete dam; concrete dam; concrete cap. cap. cap. Placed in operation .- Oct. 18, 1909 -_ Oct. 21, 1910 - Oct. 18, 1910 ..... Sept. 15, 1924. Cost of lock and dam__ $373,590 .-...... $369,357- ........ $378,568----------- $680,915. 1 Replaced by new facilities under modified project. 2 Clear width and length available for full width. 3 With concrete cap and movable crest. 4 With timber cap set on concrete cap. The extreme fluctuation in the stage of the river varies from about 20 to 40 feet at different localities. Fluctuations below extreme high water are so variable that it is impracticable to fix the stage commonly referred to on other streams as ordinary high water. 996 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (PL 525, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) also authorized, in addition to the further improvement for navigation between the mouth and Nashville, the construction of Old Hickory, Carthage, and Celina Dams above Nashville for navigation and power. The cost (1956) in- cluding a lock at Old Hickory, is estimated as $121,900,000. Prosecution of the modified project for this section of the river will eliminate existing locks and dams 2 to 8, inclusive, and pre- cludes further consideration of the previously projected locks and dams 9-15, inclusive. (See H. Doc. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) The principal features of the authorized reservoir units are as follows: Dam and reservoir Old Hickory Carthage Celina Nearest town ..__.___ ______ Old Hickory, Carthage, Tenn., Celina, Tenn., 5 Tenn., 3 miles. 5 miles. miles. Distance above mouth 1of river (miles) ...-- 216.2_- - - 313.5__ _______. 385.7. Lock dimensions (feet) ______ _______ 84 x 400-.......... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lift at norm al pool levels (feet) ........... 60 .--- ---------- Depths on guard sills at normal pool levels 17.0 upper, 13.0 (feet). lower. Character of foundation _ .______ Rock ..... _. ..... Rock ..... __.... Rock. Dam: Type - __.- _ - -___-- - - - - Concrete gravity Concrete gravity Concrete gravity and earthfill. and earthfill. and earthfill. Height (feet).-_-__.--.... - -- .. 98_-_ _..----- --- 98 -- - - - - - - 86. Length (feet) --..-- .....- ..-3,6052........... 1,258_ . - - - - 2,298. Spillway: Gross length (feet) -..-------------325_ __.. .. ..--- 265_-------- ---- 290. Net length opening (feet)_.--..... 270_--------------225 -- _ ---------- 250. Crest gates: Type-- .........-------------.....----- Tainter-........... Tainter________._- Tainter. Number__--------- 5- ------------- 5. Size (feet)_____ ___ ____ 45 by 41........... 45 by 41__.......__ 50 by 37. Operating levels at dam (feet, msl): Maximum regulated surcharge ._.... 450 -- - - - - - - 508 -- - - --- - 555. Normal pool_ __________-___-- - - 445 - -___ -- -- -- 500-------------- 550. Conservation pool -- _..-.------....- 442 ............--- 497------------- 549. Reservoir area (acres)- --. .-- .------- 27,450........... 13,150. Reservoir capacity3 (acre-feet): Flood control _. 125,000 .......... 59,000. Pondage allowance for power ____-_.... 63,000_............ 32,000____________ 10,000. Dead storage--------------------------- 357,000........... 217,000 .........------------179,000. Total ..... - ....... ............... 545,000............ 355,000--....------- 248,000. Power development: Number of units _________ __ 4---------------- ............. 4----------------- 3. Generator rating (kilowatts)_........ 25,000_ _ . . .. ... 23,000------------- 23,000. Total installation (kilowatts) _.......-- 100,000 .......--------- .... 92,000-----------... 69,000. Percent of project completion ............ 86............ Year opened to navigation__.__...... .. 1954 - - - - - - Estimated cost: Construction__ .___..___ ___.........___ $37,953,000 $34,532,000 $28,425,700 Lands and damages- _ ...... .- . - 9,647,000 5,468,000 5,874,300 -- -- - i Total........................... 47,600,000 40,000,000 34,300,000 1 Clear width and length available for full width. 2 Exclusive of lock section. 3 Surcharge storage. The existing project for the section above Nashville was author- ized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 997 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 Provision made for locks and dams; the Secretary of Annual Report 1884, p. 1663. War to determine the final plan of improvement. Dimensions of the locks fixed in accordance with re- Annual Report 1888, p. 1622, and ports of Mar. 30, 1887, and Nov. 25, 1890. Annual Report 1892, p. 1933. Mar. 2, 1907 Adoption of the report of the Board of Engineers, H. Doc. 699, 59th Cong., 1st sess. dated Feb. 26, 1906, limiting the lock and dam con- struction to locks and dams 1 to 7, and 21. Mar. 2, 1919 Provision made for locks and dams 8 to 17.---------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 10, 63d Cong., 2d sess. June 5, 1920 Authorizes work to proceed in Tennessee without waiting for action of local interests in Kentucky. July 3, 1930 Raising dam 1, 3 feet_____________________ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 26th, 70th Cong., 2d sess. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. July 24, 1946 Construction of Old Hickory, Carthage, and Celina H. Doc. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Dams above Nashville for navigation and the de- velopment of power resources. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. The current (1956) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of both sections of the river is $850,000. Local cooperation. Below Nashville: None required. Above Nashville: Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. At Nashville, Tenn., there is a 5-story terminal building 300 feet long and 140 feet wide, built of rein- forced concrete, having large and convenient loading platforms, electric elevator and gantry crane, with railroad connections, municipally owned and open for public use. At Clarksville, Tenn., there is a privately owned warehouse with inclined tramway. Privately owned terminals for the transfer of petro- leum products have been constructed at Dover, Clarksville, and Nashville, Tenn. There are also privately owned terminals lo- cated near Smithland, Ky., used for the transfer of riprap rock; near Kuttawa, Ky., for the transfer of asphalt; at Dycusburg, Ky., for the transfer of fluorspar; at Clarksville, Tenn., for the transfer of sand and gravel; and at Nashville, Tenn., for the transfer of sand and gravel, scrap metals, asphalt and molasses. In addition to the foregoing there are many unimproved private landings along the river. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. a. Below Nashville: Operations for completion of the Cheatham unit of the existing project as modified for 9-foot navigation and multiple-purpose development were continued. All work under the continuing contract for construction of the powerhouse substructure was completed. Approximate quanti- ties of the major items accomplished were: Rock excavation, 420 cubic yards; rock foundation preparation, 4,000 square yards; concrete placed, 60,700 cubic yards; reinforcing steel furnished and placed, 2,430,000 pounds; Government-furnished reinforcing steel placed, 2,544,000 pounds; and steel pipe placed, 12,665 pounds. Partial design by contract and the remaining work by hired labor incident to preparation of plans and specifications for the powerplant were completed, and a continuing contract was 998 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 awarded for construction of the powerhouse superstructure. Owing to a late start and labor difficulties, construction operations under the contract were limited to moblization of plant and to delivery and storing of Government-furnished equipment. Items of powerhouse equipment were received as follows: Unit 1 tur- bine, except shaft; and all intake gate material. Operations under contracts for manufacture of turbines and governors, generators, main power transformers, intake gates and bulkheads, and draft tube gates and bulkheads were con- tinued. Supply contracts for the following items of powerplant equipment were awarded during the year: 175-ton powerhouse crane; 15-ton crane; 50-ton gantry crane; main control switch- board; switchgear; 69 kv. transformers; oil circuit breakers; disconnect switches; and 440-volt control centers. Reservoir operations consisted of roadway relocations, ac- complished by and under an agreement with Cheatham County, Tenn.; initiation and partial completion of additional (Group 3) clearing; and legal action under the real estate program. In the latter connection, final judgments were entered on 34 cases in condemnation. Preparation and issuance of plans and specifications for the power plant equipment contracted during the year and several minor construction items pertaining to completion of the Cheat- ham project were accomplished by hired labor. In addition, definite design studies for Barkley Lock and Dam, comprising investigations and preliminary designs required for definition of overall features of the improvement, were initiated and prose- cuted to a limited extent consistent with funds available. The costs for new work were $5,979,986. Channel work by Government plant and hired labor consisted of removing 250 cubic yards of mud, 102 snags, and 6 trees from the channel, and dredging 56,400 cubic yards of material at the following sites: 7,229 cubic yards at lock B, lower approach; 965 cubic yards at lock D, lower approach; 11,570 cubic yards at Devils Elbow; 13,620 cubic yards at Big Eddy Bar; 12,250 cubic yards at Little Horse Ford; 8,291 cubic yards at Lower Kuttawa Bar; and 2,475 cubic yards at Shelley Island. The cost of channel maintenance was $80,268. b. Above Nashville: Construction under the modified project for this section of the river was continued under contracts for features of the Old Hickory unit. Under the continuing contract for construction of the powerplant, the following quantities of major items of work were accomplished: Rock excavation, 480 cubic yards; rock excavation preparation, 3,075 square yards; steel pipe placed, 3,000 pounds; concrete placed, 84,010 cubic yards; steel reinforcing placed, 3,834,200 pounds; structural steel placed, 500,000 pounds; and galvanized steel placed, 228,000 pounds. With continuation of activities under outstanding sup- ply contracts, Government-furnished items of powerhouse equip- ment were received on. the project as follows: Governors; main control switchboard annunciator equipment; and 15 kv gas-filled cable. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 999 Contracts with the Tennessee Valley Authority for relocation of powerlines and the East Tennessee Natural Gas Company for rearrangement and alterations of affected natural-gas pipelines were initiated and completed. Work under agreements for re- location of telephone line facilities of the Southern Bell Telephone Company and necessary road relocations in Wilson and Smith Counties, Tenn., was also completed. Necessary roadway reloca- tions in Trousdale County, Tenn., adjustment of powerlines and facilities of the Nashville Electric Power Board, and relocation of the Hendersonville, Tenn., water plant were continued. Con- tracts were entered into during the year for the following addi- tional features, on which work was undertaken and well ad- vanced: Relocation of affected powerlines of the Cumberland Electric Membership Corporation; modification of the Lebanon, Tenn., raw-water plant; and clearing Group 3 (1,883 acres) of the reservoir. Operations under contracts awarded during the latter part of the year for channel dredging below the dam, demolition of locks and dams 2, 5, and 6, and for construction of repair and storage facilities at the project site were not com- menced. In addition to preparation and issuance of plans and specifica- tions for work items contracted during the year, hired labor operations included operational access road construction, procure- ment of permanent operating equipment items, and miscellaneous construction and installation pertaining to reservoir preparation and completion of lock and dam features of the project. Ap- proximately 140 acres of land within the reservoir area were acquired, 97 acres in fee and 43 acres in easement; and with continuation of legal action under the real estate program, final judgments were entered on 81 cases in condemnation. Preliminary work (engineering and design) in connection with the Carthage and Celina Dams was suspended throughout the year. The costs for new work were $5,599,562. No channel main- tenance costs were incurred. c. Operation and maintenance of structures: Locks B to F, Cheatham, Old Hickory, Nos. 2, and 5 to 7, inclusive, were operated as required. Maintenance, improvement, and recon- struction work was held to a minimum in compliance with current policy concerning use of critical materials and equipment. General repairs to dam C, commenced during the previous fiscal year, were completed, as were repairs to the abutment of dam E. The cost of operation and maintenance of structures was $577,534. The total costs during the fiscal year were $12,237,350, of which $11,579,548 was for new work, and $657,802 for operation and maintenance, general. Condition at end of fiscal year. a. Below Nashville: Locks and dams A to F, inclusive, under the 6-foot navigation project for this section of the river were constructed during the period 1895-1923. The dates on which the individual units were com- pleted and placed in operation are given in the tables under para- 1000 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 graph "Existing project." Full all-year project depth between the mouth and Nashville was obtained in December 1935, with completion of work for surmounting the dams with movable crests. Subject to replacement by new facilities under construc- tion, lock and dam A was closed to navigation on September 22, 1954, and the structures demolished. Under the authorized modification of the existing project for multiple-purpose development, including further improvment be- low Nashville for 9-foot navigation, new work as a whole was approximately 11 percent complete. Engineering and design were about 25 percent complete. Construction was commenced in April 1950 when operations were initiated under a continuing contract for construction of the Cheatham lock, access road, and operations building. The lock was placed in temporary operation on December 12, 1952, and completed for permanent operation on August 7, 1954. The dam was constructed during the period August 1952 to October 1954. A contract for the powerhouse substructure, initiated in October 1954, was completed in May 1956. Construction of the power- house superstructure was initiated in March 1956, but progress at the end of the year was negligible owing to a delayed start and labor difficulties. The status of work under outstanding con- tracts for Government-furnished equipment was as follows: Turbines, 85 percent complete; governors, 87 percent; generators, 30 percent; transformers, 36 percent; intake gates and bulkheads, 98 percent; draft tube gates and bulkheads, 69 percent; 175-ton crane, 58 percent; accessory electrical equipment, 28 percent; and miscellaneous powerplant equipment, 26 percent. Work under a contract for 3d phase reservoir clearing was commenced during the year and brought to 87 percent com- pletion. Reservoir clearing under 2 contracts (2,275 acres) has been completed, as have contracts for the following: Relocation of affected roads in the 2 counties involved; cemetery removals (73 graves) ; necessary railroad relocation work; demolition of locks and dams A and 1; and required channel dredging. Ap- proximately 99 percent of the lands required for purposes of the project has been acquired; 5,714 acres in fee simple, and 1,396 acres in easement. The Cheatham project as a whole was 74 percent complete. Construction of the Barkley project has not been commenced. The total new work costs for this section to June 30, 1956, were $27,758,084, including $685,000 from public works funds. The total costs for channel maintenance were $924,561. b. Above Nashville: Prior to modification of the existing project for this section of the river in 1946, locks and dams 1 to 8, inclusive, and 21 had been completed; the initiation of work on lock and dam 1 in September 1888 marking the commencement of construction under the project. The dates on which the com- pleted structures 1 to 8 were placed in operation are given in the table under paragraph "Existing project." Lock and dam 21, completed in October 1911, has since been inundated by Lake Cumberland (described on page 1014), which also eliminated pro- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1001 jected locks and dams 16 and 17. Operation of lock 21 was dis- continued on May 4, 1947; custodial services only being main- tained until May 31, 1949, at which time the structure was abandoned. Lock and dam 1, demolished in connection with con- struction of the Cheatham project below Nashville, was closed to navigation on October 15, 1954. Locks and dams 3 and 4 were operated to June 12 and December 18, 1954, resepectively, and have been inundated with partial filling of Old Hickory Reservoir. The remaining facilities in conjunction with Old Hickory lock in temporary operation, while maintaining a 6-foot channel above Nashville to the foot of Niagara Shoals, 331 miles above the mouth, provided for through traffic during the year only to the vicinity of Carthage, Tenn., at river mile 308, the present head of navigation. Owing to cessation of river traffic above that locality, lock 8 was placed in an inoperative status on November 30, 1951. Subject to demolition in connection with reservoir preparation under the Old Hickory project, locks 5, 6, and 7 were closed to navigation on June 30, 1956. New work under the authorized modification of the existing project for this section of the river, as a whole, was 34 percent complete. Engineering and design were 47 percent complete. Construction of Old Hickory under the modified project was commenced in January 1952, and the contract for the lock and dam structures has been completed. The lock was placed in temporary operation on June 14, 1954. Work under a continuing contract for construction of the powerplant was initiated in March 1954, and was approximately 78 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Under the various supply contracts, delivery has been made on essentially all items of Government- furnished powerhouse equipment. Work under contract for 3d phase reservoir clearing (1,883 acres) was approximately 80 percent complete. Reservoir clear- ing under 2 contracts (15,440 acres) has been completed, as have contracts for the following: Relocation of affected roads in 3 of 5 counties involved; relocation of telephone lines of the Southern Bell Telephone Company; rearrangement and alteration of natural-gas lines of the Texas Eastern Transmission Corpora- tion and the East Tennessee Natural Gas Company; relocation of powerlines of the Tennessee Valley Authority; and cemetery removals (92 remains). Under other outstanding relocation contracts, work has been brought to the following percentages of completion: Powerlines and facilities, city of Nashville, Tenn. (Electric Power Board), 90 percent; water plant, Hendersonville, Tenn., Utility District, 99 percent; roads, Trousdale County, 95 percent; powerlines, Cumberland Electric Membership Corpora- tion, 75 percent; and modification of Lebanon, Tenn., raw-water plant, 99 percent. Approximately 29,071 acres, or 99.5 percent of the necessary reservoir lands have been acquired: 25,835 acres in fee simple, 2,541 acres in easement, and 695 acres by transfer from another Government agency. The Old Hickory project as a whole was about 86 percent com- plete. 1002 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total new work costs for this section to June 30, 1956, were $45,210,819. The total costs for channel maintenance were $357,611. c. Operation and maintenance of structures: Locks B-F, in- clusive, No. 2, and the new Cheatham and Old Hickory locks were in operation at the end of the year; the structures and ap- purtenances having been maintained in serviceable condition. The total costs under the existing project for the entire stream were $83,203,002, of which $72,968,903, including $685,000 from public work funds, was for new work, and $10,234,099 for opera- tion and maintenance. Surplus property valued at $21,471 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. In addition, the sum of $3,266,706 was expended between July 1, 1905, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improve- ment under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropria- tion. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ._..__ . $5,250,000 $16,255,000$18,191,680$15,508,288$12,106,243 $79,905,065 ____ Cost-- --__--_--- 4,607,131 17,016,797 196 11,579,548 17,235,708 11,146, 2 73,795,156 Maintenance: Appropriated --------.. 728,000 558,147 697,500 662,900 663,300 13,513,874 Cost 601,109 686,362 698,351 694,397 657,802 313,500,805 1 Includes $826,253 for new work and $3,266,706 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $15,552 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 8In addition, surplus property valued at $5,919 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ $1, 708, 643 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 6, 250, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 7, 958, 643 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ......... 242, 667, 588 2. TENNESSEE RIVER, TENN., ALA., AND KY. Location. The Tennessee River is formed by the junction of the French Broad and the Holston Rivers in eastern Tennessee, 4.4 miles above the Gay Street Bridge at Knoxville, flows south- west into northern Alabama, thence in a generally westerly course across north Alabama, to the northeast boundary of Mississippi, thence nearly due north across Tennessee and Kentucky, entering the Ohio River at Paducah, 652.1 miles from the junction of the French Broad and Holston Rivers. (See U. S. Geological Survey base map of the Tennessee River Basin.) Previous projects. a. Above Chattanooga: Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, June 10, 1872, August 18, 1894, and July 25, 1912. b. Chattanooga to Riverton: Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, July 25, 1868, March 3, 1871, September 19, 1890; acts of April 26, 1904, and January 7, 1905; and River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1907, June 25, 1910, July 25, 1912, RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1003 July 27, 1916, and March 3, 1925. c. Below Riverton: Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 25, 1868, September 19, 1890, August 18, 1894, March 3, 1899, and July 25, 1912. For further details see pages 1902 to 1906 Annual Report for 1915, pages 1190-1194, 1196-1216, and 1220-1222, Annual Re- port for 1929, and page 1216, Annual Report for 1938. The costs for permanent work were $15,123,219. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (Public No. 520, 71st Cong., 2d sess.), authorized the permanent improvement of the river for a navigable depth of 9 feet at low water from the mouth to Knoxville, Tenn., a distance of about 650 miles, to be obtained by the construction of low dams; pro- vided, that under the provisions of the Federal Water Power Act a high dam with locks may be substituted for any two or more of the low dams and built by private interests, States, or municipalities; and provided further, that in case high dams are built before the United States shall have built the projected locks and low dams which are to be replaced, the United States shall contribute to the cost of the substituted structures an amount equal to the estimated cost of the work of navigation for which substitution is made. (See H. Doc. 328, 71st Cong., 2d sess.) The estimated cost of the authorized project as contained in House Document 328, 71st Congress, 2d session, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $74,709,000 for new work and $40,000 annually for the maintenance and operation of each lock and dam. The latest published maps are in the project document. The above-mentioned act also authorized the appropriation of $5,000,000 for the prosecution of work on this project. The only construction performed by the Corps of Engineers thereunder was the construction of the lock at the General Joe Wheeler Dam and miscellaneous appurtenant improvements. No low dams were constructed under this authorization. The cost of new work completed by the Corps of Engineers is $2,244,236, excluding amounts expended on previous projects. The current (1956) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of channels, the 10 locks, and dam 1 (including the locks constructed by the Tennessee Valley Authority and operated by the Corps of Engineers) is $800,000. Under the provisions of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933, approved May 18, 1933 (PL 17, 73d Cong.), as amended by an act approved August 31, 1935, the Tennessee Valley Authority is given power to construct such dams in the Tennessee River as will provide a 9-foot channel and maintain a water supply for same from Knoxville to its mouth. The Tennessee Valley Authority program provided for ob- taining the authorized 9-foot project by the construction of high dams and locks and utilization of certain locks and dams previous- ly constructed under the jurisdiction of the Corps of Engineers. The following table contains information concerning various features of the locks and dams now comprising the existing 9-foot project: i Location Lock Dam O _ I I Dimensions Minimum 0 depth on Estimated i guard sills Per Year or actual Name of Project Miles Length Lift Character cent- opened Kind Type of cost of above Distance from Width avail- of founda- age of to navi- of construction each lock mouth nearest town of able tion com- gation dam and dam cham- for Nor- Maxi- pletion 0 ber full mal mum Lower Upper j (feet) width (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) O (feet) i. I I I- I Kentucky_-... .. 22.4 0.5 mile above Gil- 110 600 56.0 73.3 12.7 11.0 Limestone 100 1942 Fixed_ Concrete and (2) bertsville, Ky. earthfill. Pickwick Landing .---- 206.7 4.4 miles above Ham- 110 600 55.0 63.0 12.8 10.0 --..do .... 100 1937 __do -- --. do.-- (3) burg, Tenn. C-) No. 1- - - 256.8 0.3 mile above rail- 60 298 4.0 10.0 13.7 4 11.2 100 1926 ___do___ Concrete----- 5 $989,215 road bridge at Flor- ence, Ala. ---- do----- W ilson__.-------- ----- 259.4 2.9 miles above Flor- { 292 11.1 300 } 90.0 ence, Ala. 60 90.0 6 11.2 ---.- do .... 100 1927 _do__ _..do ..... 7 46,793,540 O General Joe Wheeler -__ 274.9 18.4 miles above Flor- 60 360 48.0 51.5 13.2 14.7 ---- _do ... 100 1934 ___do___ .. . do . ......81,796,295 ,-I ence Ala. Guntersville -........ 349.0 9.1 miles below Gun- 60 360 39.0 45.0 11.8 13.0 --..do.... 100 1937 _ do__ Concrete and (3) tersville, Ala. earthfill. Hales Barlo_ 431.1 33.0 miles below Chat- 60 265 39.0 41.0 10.7 16.7 -- ..do .... 100 1913 __do__ Concrete...... 9 236,389 r tanooga, Tenn. Chickamauga ...-....... 471.0 6.9 miles above Chat- 60 360 49.0 53.0 13.8 10.0 do ... ..... 100 1937 __do___ Concrete and (3) tanooga, Tenn. earthfill. Watts Bar--- --- 529.9 6.8 miles above Breed- 60 360 58.0 70.0 11.8 12.0 Shale- .. 100 1941 _ do_-_ ---. do......... (3) enton, Tenn. Fort Loudoun ------ 602.3 1.3 miles above Lenoir 60 360 72.0 80.0 11.8 12.0 Limestone 100 1943 ---do-...|---do......__ (3) City, Tenn. 1 H. Doc. 328, 71st Cong., 2d sess., contains table, pp. 98-99, giving pertinent informa- 6 Tailwater in canal; flight of 2 locks. C2 tion concerning low dams contemplated under 1930 project. Annual Report, Chief of 7Constructed by Corps of Engineers under authority of sec. 124, National Defense c/ Engineers, for 1938, pp. 1218-1219, contains similar information pertaining to low dams Act of June 3, 1916 (H. Doc. 1262, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). Actual cost of lock and dam. in addition to existing locks and dams, including those constructed or under construc- 8 Actual cost of lock only as constructed by Corps of Engineers; dam constructed by tion by the Tennessee Valley Authority. Tennessee Valley Authority. 2 Lock and dam constructed by Tennessee Valey Authority. 9Actual cost to United States of existing lock; cost of existing lock and dam to power 3 Lock and dam constructed by Tennessee Valley Authority. Design for lock pre- company was about $6,686,700. Structure built under supervision of Corps of En- pared with Corps of Engineers forces and funds. gineers. 4 Minimum upper pool corresponding to fixed crest of dam. 10 Reconstruction of dam by Tennessee Valley Authority for raising pool level com- 5 Constructed by Corps of Engineers; actual cost of lock and dam. Crest of dam pleted in 1948. raised 1.7 feet by Tennessee Valley Authority in 1948. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1005 The functions of the Corps of Engineers, since adoption of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933 have been those of cooperation with the Authority through preparing (with Corps of Engineers forces and funds) the designs of locks at Pickwick, Guntersville, Chickamauga, Watts Bar, and Fort Loudoun Dams; and, in accordance with the general navigation laws placing con- trol and supervision over navigable waters in the Secretary of the Army, the Corps of Engineers: Operates and maintains all locks, lifts, or other facilities in aid of navigation; maintains navigation channels and safety harbors by performing all necessary dredg- ing and snagging operations; examines and passes upon plans for all bridges, wharves, or other structures in navigable waters prior to construction, including construction plans involving the alteration or modification of existing channels; establishes harbor lines where essential to the preservation and protection of har- bors; provides for removal of unlawful structures, including wrecks; cooperates and reviews plans of individuals, corporations -municipal or private-in the improvement of navigable waters at their own expense and risk; issues rules and regulations governing the opening and operation of drawbridges, the trans- portation and dumping of dredgings or other material into navi- gable waters; promulgates rules and regulations governing the use, administration, and navigation of navigable waters, in- cluding harbors thereof; compiles statistics of waterborne com- merce. The division of responsibility regarding the project is outlined in memorandum of agreement dated July 11, 1946, be- tween the Tennessee Valley Authority and the Corps of Engi- neers. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, requires no local cooperation in the construction of the alternate system of low dams. It does, however, provide that in case high dams are built before the United States shall have built the pro- jected locks and low dams which are to be replaced, the United States shall contribute to the cost of the substituted structures an amount equal to the estimated cost of the works of navigation for which substitution is made. Terminal facilities. Public use river terminals with railroad connections, owned by the Tennessee Valley Authority, have been constructed at Decatur and Guntersville, Ala., and Chattanooga and Knoxville, Tenn. River terminals with railroad connections, municipally owned, have been constructed at Sheffield, Ala., and Chattanooga, Tenn. The other public terminals are mostly un- improved landings. Government-owned facilities for the trans- fer of sulfur and toluene are located at Volunteer Ordnance Works, Tyner, Tenn.; and for the transfer of coal and salt at Redstone Arsenal, Greene Grove, Ala., and at the following Tennessee Valley Authority steam-electric powerplants along the river: Colbert, Wilson, and Widows Creek in Alabama; and Hales Bar, Watts Bar, Kingston, and Johnsonville in Tennessee. Railroad inclines and sidings are available at Sheffield, Decatur, Hobbs Island, Guntersville, and Bridgeport, Ala., and Chatta- nooga, Tenn. Privately owned terminals have been constructed 1006 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 for the transfer of certain commodities as follows: Limestone at Clifton, Bennetts Lake, and Chattanooga, Tenn.; molasses and asphalt at Knoxville, Tenn.; automobiles and miscellaneous mer- chandise at Guntersville, Ala.; coal at Calvert City and Grand Rivers, Ky., Guntersville, Ala., and Chattanooga, Tenn.; grain at Decatur and Guntersville, Ala., and Chattanooga, Tenn.; petroleum products at Sheffield, Decatur, and Guntersville, Ala., Reidland, Ky., and Perryville, Chattanooga and Knoxville, Tenn. In addition to the foregoing there are many unimproved private landings along the river. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. No new work was accomplished. Channel work by Government plant and hired labor consisted of replacing cables on 15 dolphins, and removing approximately 2,000 snags from safety harbors and approach channels. The cost of channel maintenance was $17,934. Operation and maintenance of structures: All locks were operated and lock appurtenances and standby plant were main- tained as required. Maintenance, improvement, and reconstruc- tion work was held to a minimum in compliance with current policy concerning use of critical materials and equipment. Re- pairs were made as follows: Service and guard gates and gate- operating machinery at Wilson lock; valves at Wheeler lock; gate strut assembly at Hales Bar lock; and lower gate-operating mechanism at Chickamauga lock. Overhaul of the Guntersville lock operating machinery, initiated during the previous fiscal year, was completed. Other operations included replacement of a waterline at lock 1; installation of a traveling bitt on the haulage unit at Wilson lock; and provision of steel needles at Wilson, Hales Bar, Chickamauga, and Watts Bar locks. The cost of operation and maintenance of structures was $730,027. The total cost of operation and maintenance, general, during the fiscal year was $747,961. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was complete. Construction under the project was commenced in January 1933, when work was initiated on Wheeler lock. With the opening of Kentucky lock for permanent operation in Sep- tember 1944, all projected locks and dams had been completed, affording a navigable depth of 9 feet between the mouth and Knoxville, Tenn. (head of river), except in the lock 1 canal and a short stretch in the upper reaches of Hales Bar pool. Dredging in the canal and the raising of dam 1 and Hales Bar Dam remain- ing under the Tennessee Valley Authority program to provide full project dimensions were completed by that agency in 1948. The table under the paragraph "Existing project" gives the year opened to navigation and other information concerning the 10 locks now in operation. The completed locks were operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropriation to the end of the fiscal year 1935, as follows: Hales Bar, since November 1, 1913; lock (and dam) 1, since March 1, 1926; Wilson, since June 1, 1927; and Wheeler, since November 27, 1934. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1007 Subsequent to June 30, 1935, operation and maintenance of lock and dam 1, Hales Bar, Wilson, and Wheeler locks have been carried on with funds appropriated for the preservation and maintenance of river and harbors, as well as the following: Pick- wick Landing lock, since September 1, 1937; Guntersville lock, since September 1, 1937; Chickamauga lock, since October 15, 1937; Watts Bar lock, since March 3, 1941; Kentucky lock, since February 10, 1942; and Fort Loudoun lock, since October 10, 1943. The total costs for the existing project were as follows: Costs Funds Operation New work Channel and mainte- Total maintenance nance Regular______________________________________ $2,244,236 $2,846,738 1$8,862,636 1$13,953,610 Maintenance and operation______. .---.-... - _-_ __________ -_- ___ 11,665 11,665 Increase of compensation, rivers and harbors 1919 (certified claims)______________________ ______ 5 -------------- 5 Total_ __________ ____ ____ _____ 2,244,236 2,846,743 1 8,874,301 113,965,280 1In addition, surplus property valued at $1,502 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. In addition, the sum of $2,889,149 was expended between 1890 and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to -June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ _________ ---------- ------------------------ 1$16,251,428 ------------ ________----------- Cost_----_-------------- -------------------------------------------- 16,251,428 Maintenance: Appropriated- ...-------.. $573,000 $636,053 $677,200 $748,000 $725,600 15,739,066 Cost --------------- 599,614 719,608 636,009 769,436 747,961 215,726,219 1 Includes $14,007.192 for new work and $4,005,175 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $1,502 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 1008 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 3. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Caney Fork River, Tenn______________ 2 _____ 1895 $27,828 (1) 2. Clinch River, Tenn. 5 and - - 3.- - - Va. - - _- - 1923 53,949 $7,873 4 $677,000 3. Duck River, Tenn. __ 5 .. _ 1887 13,000 - (1) 4. Elk River, Ala. and Tenn. 1904 4,000 -------------- (1) 5. French 2 Broad and Little Pigeon Rivers, Tenn. 6 7 2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -_ - -- 1931 249,605 33,554 8 533,000 6. Hiwassee River, Tenn. 57 1923 113,311 9,754 4 83,000 7. Holston River, Tenn.5- 8. Little Tennessee River, Tenn --------------- 1911 1888 5,714 -- 5,510 _------ - (1) (1) 9. Obey River, Tenn__ 1887 11,500 -- (1) 10. Red River, Tenn_ __ 1884 5,000 - - ----- (1) 11. South Fork of Cumberland River, Ky ...... 1892 11,967 - (1) 1 Completed. 2 Inactive. 3 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 532, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 4 Initial reference of record is contained in Annual Report for 1934; date of estimate not given. 5 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 6 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 428 and 489, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 7 Commercial statistics for this project are given in pt. 2 of report. 8 Last revised in 1928. 4. MIDDLESBORO, CUMBERLAND RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. This project is located at Middlesboro, Ky., on Yel- low Creek, a tributary entering the Cumberland River about 660 miles above its mouth. Existing project. The improvement provides for a system of canals and levees around one side of the town, arranged so as to divert most of the headwaters of Yellow Creek away from the present channel through the heart of the city. The series of canals and levees are about 4 miles in length, beginning on Ben- netts Fork at the western edge of the town and ending at Yellow Creek near the Middlesboro Tannery at the northern edge of the town. The cuts involved excavation of approximately 695,000 cubic yards of material, of which about 410,000 cubic yards were utilized in the levee system. Besides construction of the diversion channel, there was other incidental work, which included the installation of culverts and the relocation and rebuilding of road- ways and bridges. The project diverts from the business district and from a large part of the residential section the floodwaters which originate in that part of the basin lying north and west of the city, thus affording protection, in a large measure, to life and property from these headwater floods which cause the greatest damage. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The cost of the completed project is $817,830. The current (1956) estimate of annual cost for opera- tion and maintenance is $5,800. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Levees, canals, and appurtenances were main- tained by hired labor at a cost of $6,435. Condition at end of fiscal year. New work under the existing FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1009 project was completed in March 1945, when final settlement was made with the city of Middlesboro in connection with the acquisi- tion and transfer to the United States of rights-of-way and flow- age easements. Construction of the canal and levee system, ini- tiated in May 1938, was completed and the improvement placed in operation in December 1939. Relocation work was completed in September 1940. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $887,449, of which $817,830, including $38,876 from emergency relief funds, was for new work and $69,619 for maintenance. In addition surplus pro- perty valued at $4 was transferred to the project without reim- bursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------ $817,830 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 817,830 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $3,000 $8,500 $11,800 $4,000 $6,000 70,000 Cost ----------------- 4,259 7,834 9,579 6,062 6,435 169, 619 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $4 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 5. PINEVILLE, CUMBERLAND RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. This project is located at Pineville, Ky., on the Cum- berland River about 655 miles above the mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement comprises the con- struction of a system of earth levees and concrete floodwalls, with appurtenant facilities, to afford protection for the city and its residential suburb, Wallsend, against a flood equal in magnitude to the maximum of record (1946). The freeboard allowance is 5 feet for the upstream section of the proposed works above Pine Street Bridge, and 3 feet downstream. Protection for Pineville proper is to be provided by about 6,175 feet of concrete walls and a relatively short levee section, 250 feet in length, beginning at a connection with United States Highway No. 25E near the up- stream limit of the city and following in general the top of the left bank of the Cumberland River to terminate in the approach to the Tennessee Avenue (Pineville-Wallsend) Bridge. Raising of the bridge and the provision of ramps or gated structures at necessary highway and street crossings will maintain access to the protected area. Two pumping stations, with appurtenant out- let works and intercepting sewers, will provide for the disposal of interior drainage. Including extension of a roadway ramp to high ground south of the intersection of United States Highway No. 25E with the Tehnessee Avenue Bridge approach, the overall reach of the structures in the Pineville section of the project ap- proximates 6,800 feet. On the right bank of the river provision is made for about 3,660 feet of earth levee to partially encom- pass Wallsend, beginning and terminating within a distance of 1,500 feet in the embankment of the Louisville & Nashville Rail- 1010 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 road which runs along the northern edge of the community. In- cidental construction in this section includes necessary ramp crossings, sewer modifications, and one pumping station. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1956) is $1,720,000; the estimated non-Federal cost in $460,000. Local cooperation. Subsequent to passage of the authorizing act, local interests expressed inability to fulfill the requirements. Following the flood of January 1946, however, interest in the pro- ject was renewed, and informal assurances were furnished at a public hearing on April 27, 1946, and at a further meeting on December 22, 1947, relative to flood control in the upper Cum- berland River Basin, that the conditions of local cooperation would be fully complied with. Formal and final assurances were accepted by the Corps of Engineers on May 15, 1953. Bonds in the amount of $200,000 of an issue voted for financing the city's share of the project costs were sold on January 5, 1953, and the acquisition of necessary lands and rights-of-way initiated. Ad- ditional bonds in the amount of $250,000 were sold on February 1, 1954. Properties affected by completed works and construction underway have been acquired. Regular contact is maintained with city officials relative to local responsibilities, and they have demonstrated the ability to meet the requirements for construc- tion as scheduled. During the fiscal year 1956, funds were contributed by the city of Pineville in the amount of $9,950 to cover additional costs to be incurred as a result of a change in the plan of improvement to provide, in accordance with the desires of local interests, for the construction of a floodwall structure in lieu of a 230-foot levee section previously contemplated at the upstream end of the pro- ject between U. S. Highway No. 25E and Cumberland Avenue. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction opera- tions toward completion of the Pineville section of the project were continued with accomplishment of the following quantities of major items of work under the contract for Unit 2-Floodwalls and Levee: Clearing and grubbing, 15 percent; excavation, strip- ping, 19,500 cubic yards; excavation, unclassified, 4,800 cubic yards; compacted fill and backfill, 50,600 cubic yards; steel sheet piling, 440 tons; concrete, floodwall and structures, 2,950 cubic yards; sewer pipe, 1,050 feet; and pipe relief drain, 2,800 feet. Under a continuing contract initiated during the year for con- struction of the Wallsend levee, including provision for raising the Tennessee Avenue (Pineville-Wallsend) Bridge, the approximate quantities of work performed were: Clearing and grubbing, 95 percent; excavation, stripping, 40,560 cubic yards; excavation, borrow, 59,300 cubic yards; levee embankment, 25,000 cubic yards; placement of 1,638 feet of sewer pipe (974 feet, 8-inch; 320 feet, 10-inch; 344 feet, 24-inch) ; bridge alterations, 60 per- cent; and abandoned sewers plugged, 7. In addition to preparation and issuance of plans and specifica- tions for work contracted during the year, hired labor operations included preparation and issuance of such for the following: FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1011 Pumping plants (Pineville and Wallsend) ; and Unit 4-Wall and Closure Structures (Pineville). Unit 4 consists primarily of a wall section about 380 feet in length, including a gated opening for U. S. Highway No. 25E, remaining to be constructed at the upstream end of the works for completion of the floodwall feature of the project; and also provides for permanent closure of a 25- foot gate opening left in the Unit 1 floodwall at the Kentucky Ave- nue Bridge, since abandoned. Plans and specifications for Unit 3-Embankment (Pineville section) were prepared and issued by the Commonwealth of Kentucky, Department of Highways, under an agreement entered into during the year providing for reim- bursement by the Government of costs for adjustment of the in- tersection of U. S. Highway No. 25E and Tennessee Avenue at the lower limit of the project, including bridge approach and con- struction of a roadway ramp extension to high ground. The costs during the year for new work were $530,677. Condition at end of fiscal year. Operations under two con- tracts for the first unit of construction, initiated in July 1953 and April 1954, were completed in June 1954 and January 1955, re- spectively. Unit 1 embraces about 2,920 feet of the floodwalls and related drainage facilities designed for protection of Pineville proper, beginning within 380 feet of the upstream limit of the proposed works and extending along Cumberland Avenue to a point about 740 feet below the Pine Street Bridge. Continuing downstream to termination in the approach to the Tennessee Avenue Bridge, Unit 2 comprises about 2,875 feet of floodwalls, 250 feet of embankment, and the remaining drainage facilities (exclusive of pumping plants) in the Pineville section, construc- tion of which was started in May 1955. With essential comple- tion of Unit 2, and about 56 percent completion during the fiscal year of the Wallsend levee, the project as a whole was 66 percent complete. Engineering and design were 98 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $1,139,502. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------........ $25,00 $249,000 $400,000 $230,000 $816,000 $1,720,000 Cost _----------- -62,529 390,431 155,865 530,677 1,139,502 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $425, 851 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____________________________ 425, 851 1012 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.. --------------------- ----------------------- $9,950.00 $9,950.00 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ________ $9,950. 00 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_______________________________ __ 9,950.00 6. BARBOURVILLE, KY. Location. The project is located at Barbourville in Knox County, Ky., on the right bank of the Cumberland River at mile 635.2. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of local flood protection works at Barbourville, Ky., which consist principally of a system of levees having an average height of 15 feet, beginning at a point where branches of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad enter the main line northeast of town and following in general the top of bank of Richland Creek and the Cumberland River a distance of about 18,500 feet to terminate into the Louisville & Nashville Railroad embankment southeast of the town. Provision for a low area immediately across the railroad consists of regarding an adjoining high knoll and construction of a concrete and steel pile I-type wall, about 290 feet in length, having a gated opening to pass U. S. Highway No. 25E and extending to high ground beyond. Other incidental con- struction includes 9 gravity outlet structures and 4 combined gravity outlets and pump stations, with intercepting ditches or pipelines, for disposal of interior drainage; a gated opening for Kentucky State Highway 459; and 5 ramps at road and street crossings. The proposed works will afford protection for the town against the greatest flood of record (1946) with a freeboard of 3 feet. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. The estimated cost of new work (1956) is $1,780,000 for construction (Federal) and $265,000 for lands and damages (non-Federal). Local cooperation. The plan of improvement and the require- ments of cooperation were first discussed at a meeting with local interests on May 18, 1948. Formal assurances of cooperation, attested by an instrument executed by the city of Barbourville on August 13, 1953, were accepted by the Corps of Engineers on September 9, 1953. Bonds in the amount of $130,000 of an issue voted for financing the city's share of the project costs were sold on August 31, 1954, and the acquisition of necessary lands and rights-of-way initiated. Additional bonds in the amount of $130,000 were sold on February 23, 1956. Properties affected by FLOOD CONTROL--NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1013 the first unit of construction have been secured, and action is being taken toward fulfillment of the remaining lands require- ments. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction opera- tions were continued with accomplishment of the following quanti- ties of major items of work under the contract for Levee Unit 1: Clearing and grubbing, 100 percent; excavation, common and borrow, 254,500 cubic yards; levee embankment, 140,750 cubic yards; concrete, 672 cubic yards; steel reinforcement and mis- cellaneous metal, 90,400 pounds; placement of 1,762 feet of sewer pipe (615 feet, 6-inch; 30 feet, 8-inch; 387 feet, 10-inch; 324 feet, 12-inch; 152 feet, 15-inch; 254 feet, 18-inch) ; placement of 3,395 feet of culvert pipe (286 feet, 24-inch; 1,154 feet, 30-inch; 975 feet, 36-inch; 306 feet, 42-inch; 674 feet, 48-inch) ; concrete pave- ment, 2,010 square yards; and integral and header curb, 1,530 feet. Unit 1 embraces 6,685 feet of levee and related drainage facilities, including pumping plant outlets, beginning at a point about 350 feet downstream from the Walker Park (Kentucky Highway No. 439) Bridge across Richland Creek, then following the creek and main stream to the tie-in with the railroad embank- ment southeast of town. Hired labor operations included essential completion of plans and specifications for Levee Unit 2 (remaining embankment and appurtenances) and partial accomplishment of engineering and design studies for pumping stations and the floodwall feature of the project. The costs during the year for new work were $408,878. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was commenced in June 1955. With about 88 percent completion during the year of levee Unit 1, the project as a whole was 27 percent complete. Engineering and design were 62 percent com- plete. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $488,380 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated __ - - -- __ - $25,000 $40,000 $350,000 $600,000 $1,015,000 Cost ---._ _........- 13,352 42,178 23,972 408,878 488,380 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ....... $481, 868 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 765, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1,246,868 1014 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 7. LAKE CUMBERLAND (WOLF CREEK DAM), OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. Wolf Creek Dam is located on the Cumberland River at mile 460.9 (above mouth) in Russell County, Ky., about 10 miles southwest of Jamestown and 12 miles north of Albany, Ky. Lake Cumberland, formerly Wolf Creek Reservoir, extends 101 miles up the main stream, 48 miles up the South Fork of Cum- berland River, and lies within Russell, Clinton, Wayne, Pulaski, McCreary, Laurel, and Whitley Counties, Ky. Existing project. The plan of improvement provided for the construction of a combination earth and concrete gravity-type dam, 5,736 feet long and 258 feet in height above its lowest foundation; and a hydroelectric power-generating plant. The dam consists of a rolled-earth embankment section extending 3,940 feet from the right abutment across the flood plain portion of the valley, and a concrete structure, 1,796 feet in length, comprised of spillway, power intake, and adjacent nonoverflow sections, con- necting the embankment with the left abutment. The spillway contains 6 gate-controlled conduits and is surmounted with 10 tainter crest gates to provide for regulating and discharging flood- flows. The powerhouse, a reinforced concrete structure of the conventional indoor type, is located directly at the downstream base of the power intake section of the dam through which six penstocks were constructed. The power installation consists of six 45,000 kilowatt generating units. The project is one unit of a coordinated plan for the control of floods and the development of the water resources of the Cumberland River Basin, this plan in turn forming an integral part of the comprehensive plan of de- velopment for the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. At maximum controlled pool level, top of spillway crest gates, the reservoir covers an area of 63,530 acres and provides a storage capacity of 6,089,000 acre-feet, of which 2,094,000 is allocated for flood con- trol and 2,142,000 for power drawdown, leaving a minimum pool of 1,853,000 acre-feet available at all times for public use and conservation purposes. The drainage area controlled is 5,810 square miles or approximately one-third of the Cumberland River Basin. The project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, and the additional authorization contained in the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, under the title "Wolf Creek Reservoir." Public Law 323, 82d Congress (2d sess.), approved April 17, 1952, pro-. vided upon enactment that the lake formed by the waters im- pounded by Wolf Creek Dam, Ky., should thereafter be known and designed on the public records as Lake Cumberland. The current (1956) estimated cost of the project, including the six-unit power installation, is $79,080,000. The estimate of an- nual cost for operation and maintenance of the project (1956) is $440,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. FLOOD CONTROL--NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1015 Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Repair of the turbine runners and construction of a public overlook and comfort station at the project site were initiated and completed by contract. In addition to preparation and issuance of plans and specifications for correction of the powerplant transil oil system, a contract for which was awarded just prior to the close of the fiscal year, hired labor operations included work incident to com- pletion of project "as-constructed" drawings. Real estate activi- ties consisted of legal action in connection with pending condem- nation cases on mineral interests, initiation of acquisition proceed- ings to acquire one island tract affected by flows from maximum power production, and continuation of action to acquire flowage easement over 5,324 acres of land from another Government agency. Operation and maintenance: The dam was operated and the structures and appurtenances maintained as required. Operation of the powerplant was continuous except for normal interrup- tions and necessary shutdowns for inspection and maintenance purposes. Under existing regulations, the total net energy gener- ated (923,407,000 kilowatt-hours) was made available through the Department of the Interior to the Tennessee Valley Authority for distribution. Regulation of the reservoir during the year was limited to re- leases for the generation of power, except during the periods March 14-April 2, April 4, April 6, and April 11-May 1, 1956, when gate releases were made to supplement turbine discharge in emptying the flood-control portion of the reservoir. The maxi- mum release of 30,700 cubic feet per second was made on March 30, 1956. The average pool elevation was 703.4 feet, which is 19.6 feet below the spillway crest level. Reservoir storage varied from a minimum of 1,853,000 acre-feet on January 1, 1956, cor- responding to a pool elevation of 673.0 feet, to a maximum of 4,552,000 acre-feet on March 18, 1956, corresponding to elevation 733.72. During the occurrence of two floods on the Cumberland River in February 1956, the combined effect of this project and the Dale Hollow and Center Hill Reservoirs resulted in computed crest reductions for the first and second rises of 23.3 and 21.6 feet, respectively, at Celina, Tenn.; 21.8 and 16.5 feet at Carthage, Tenn.; 8.0 and 5.1 feet at Nashville, Tenn.; 5.0 and 2.7 feet at Clarksville, Tenn.; and 4.8 and 1.9 feet at Dover, Tenn. Activities under the reservoir management program, comprising shoreline sanitation, malaria control, conservation, land manage- ment and disposal, and operation and maintenance of public-use facilities were continued. The costs were $713,614, of which $358,791 was for new work and $354,823 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole was 99 percent complete. Construction of right and left bank access roads and the provision of a temporary construction camp at the project site for Government inspection personnel were completed during early stages of the project. Work under the original con- tract for construction of the dam and appurtenant works was 1016 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 begun in August 1941, but was terminated in 1943 in interest of the war effort, when only about 8 percent complete. Under a new continuing contract awarded for completion of the dam, work was commenced in September 1946 and completed in August 1951. Closure of the dam was effected in December 1950, at which time the project was placed in operation for flood control. The power- plant was constructed during the period November 1949-March 1953, with the six power units being placed in operation on the following dates: October 6, 1951; October 31, 1951; December 16, 1951; March 17, 1952; July 24, 1952; and August 22, 1952. Reservoir operations including mapping (731 square miles), clearing (48,775 acres), removal and salvage of improvements (91,475 acres), and necessary relocations have been completed. Acquisition has been completed on 92,749 acres in fee simple and 579 acres in easement. Disposal action has been completed on 64 acres in fee, and 114 acres in easement. The principal items of work remaining for full accomplishment of the project involve settlement of pending claims, and other re- latively minor activities, under the land acquisition program; cor- rective work with respect to improvement of the powerplant transil oil system; and completion of project "as-constructed" drawings. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $80,474,164, of which $78,928,037 was for new work and $1,546,127 for operation and maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $39,845 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: $2,000,000 -$2,040,000------------... Appropriated .------. $340,176 -$98,000 $79,080,000 .....-.... Cost-- _ _ .. 7,445,666 1,386,018$258,345 69,034 358,791 178,928,037 Maintenance: Appropriated-..-.... 254,000 231,400 311,900 287,000 354,200 1,555,500 Cost , rpu _ su__ 213,al-e 044 288,769 305,179 313,278 354,823 21,546,127 1In addition, surplus property valued at $39,089 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $756 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $139, 226 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___________________________________ 139,226 8. DALE HOLLOW RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, TENN. AND KY. Location. Dale Hollow Dam is located on the Obey River 7.3 miles above its confluence with the Cumberland River (mile 380.9) at Celina, Tenn. It is in Clay County, Tenn., and is about 80 miles northeast of Nashville, Tenn., 28 miles north of Cookeville, Tenn., 13 miles west of Byrdstown, Tenn., and 3 miles east of Celina, Tenn. Dale Hollow Reservoir extends about 51 miles up the main stream, 10 miles up the East Fork, and 6 miles up the West Fork FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1017 of Obey River, and lies within Cumberland and Clinton Counties, Ky., and Clay, Pickett, Overton, and Fentress Counties, Tenn. Existing project. The plan of improvement provided for con- struction of a concrete gravity-type dam, 1,717 feet long and 200 feet in height above' its lowest foundation; and a hydroelectric power-generating plant. The dam consists of spillway and power intake sections across the flood plain portion of the valley width, flanked by nonoverflow transition sections terminating in the abutments. Four gate-controlled conduits through the base of the spillway section and six tainter crest gates provide for regu- lating and discharging floodflows. The powerhouse, a reinforced concrete structure of the conventional indoor type, is located directly at the downstream base of the power intake section of the dam through which three penstocks were constructed. The power installation consists of three 18,000-kilowatt generating units. The project is one unit of a coordinated plan for the con- trol of floods and the development of the water resources of the Cumberland River Basin, this plan in turn forming an integral part of the comprehensive plan of development for the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. At maximum controlled pool level, top of spillway crest gates, the reservoir covers an area of 30,990 acres and provides a storage capacity of 1,706,000 acre-feet of which 353,000 is allocated for flood control and 496,000 for power draw- down, leaving a minimum pool of 857,000 acre-feet available at all times for public use and conservation purposes. The drainage area controlled is 935 square miles or 99 percent of the Obey River Basin. The project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, and the additional authorization contained in the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. The estimated cost (1956) of the project, includ- ing the 3-unit power installation, is $25,961,000. The current (1956) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of the project is $300,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Correc- tive work with respect to improvement of the powerplant transil oil system, installation of water supply lines from within the powerhouse to a point of connection with the existing supply line located in the switchyard, and the repair of turbine runners were initiated and completed by contract. Hired labor operations con- sisted of action pursuant to authority granted during the year for the disposal of 1.55 acres of road easements, and work incident to preparation of project "as-constructed" drawings. Operation and maintenance: The dam was operated and the structure and its appurtenances maintained as required. Opera- tion of the powerplant was continuous during the year except for normal interruptions and necessary shutdowns for inspection and maintenance purposes. Under existing regulations, the total net energy generated (134,901,000 kilowatt-hours) was made available through the Department of the Interior to the Tennessee Valley Authority for distribution. 1018 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Regulation of the reservoir during the year was limited to re- leases for the generation of power, with a maximum release for this purpose of 5,970 cubic feet per second. The average pool elevation was 641.4 feet, which is 9.6 feet below the spillway crest level. Reservoir storage varied from a minimum of 859,000 acre-feet on January 12, 1956, corresponding to a pool elevation of 631.1 feet, to a maximum of 1,395,000 acre-feet on April 17, 1956, corresponding to elevation 652.5. During the occurrence of two floods on the Cumberland River in February 1956, the com- bined effect of this project and the Lake Cumberland (Wolf Creek) and Center Hill Reservoirs resulted in computed stage re- ductions for the first and second rises of 23.3 and 21.6 feet, re- spectively, at Celina, Tenn.; 21.8 and 16.5 feet at Carthage, Tenn.; 8.0 and 5.1 feet at Nashville, Tenn.; 5.0 and 2.7 feet at Clarksville, Tenn.; and 4.8 and 1.9 feet at Dover, Tenn. Activities under the reservoir management program, comprising shoreline sanitation, malaria control, conservation, land manage- ment and disposal, and operation and maintenance of public-use facilities were continued. The costs were $280,993, of which $28,471 was for new work and $252,522 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole was 99 percent complete. Work under the contract for construction of the dam and its appurtenances was initiated in March 1942, and final closure of the dam was effected in October 1943, at which time the project was placed in operation for flood control. The powerplant, with two 18,000-kilowatt generating units (initial development) in commercial operation, was completed in April 1949. Generating units Nos. 1 and 2 were placed on the line December 18, 1948, and January 26, 1949, respectively. Installa- tion of the third and final generating unit (initiated in March 1952) was completed in December 1953, with the unit having been placed in commercial operation on November 17, 1953. Reservoir operations including mapping (258 square miles), clearing (17,168 acres), removal and salvage of improvements, relocations, and development of management and public-use facili- ties have been completed. Construction of relocated Tennessee Highway No. 42 Bridge, removal of 6 highway bridges, reloca- tion of 2,293 graves, and clearing of 10,179 acres of the reservoir area were accomplished by contract. All lands required for project purposes, totaling 52,496 acres, have been acquired; comprising 52,405 acres in fee simple, 89 acres of flowage easements, and 2 acres of road easements. Dis- posal action has been taken on 1.55 acres of road easements. Work remaining for full accomplishment of the project consists primarily of necessary changes in powerhouse equipment (cen- tralization of controls) to effect a reduction in operating personnel requirements, and completion of project "as-constructed" draw- ings. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $27,871,067, of which $25,920,216 was for new work and $1,950,851 for operation and maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $28,591 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. FLOOD CONTROL---NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1019 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------........ $500,000 $1,292,100 -$40,000 $43, 900 -$43, 900 $25,961,000 Cost ---------------- 516,730 1,108,431 408,870 22,257 28,471 125,920,216 Maintenance: Appropriated ..-------- 241,000 230,700 224,100 219,000 255,000 21,959,100 Cost----------------- 233,233 250,645 227,417 241,779 252,522 1,950,851 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $28,223 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $368 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ _ $40,132 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ______-____-___ 40,132 9. CENTER HILL RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, TENN. Location. The site of the Center Hill Dam is on the Caney Fork River, 26.6 miles above its confluence with the Cumberland River (mile 309.2) at Carthage, Tenn. It is in DeKalb County, Tenn., and is about 55 miles east of Nashville, Tenn., 30 miles north of McMinnville, Tenn., 20 miles west of Cookeville, Tenn., and 14 miles southeast of Carthage, Tenn. Center Hill Reservoir extends about 64 miles up the main stream and about 10 miles up Falling Water River and lies within DeKalb, Putnam, White, and Warren Counties, Tenn. Existing project. The plan of improvement provided for con- struction of a combination earth and concrete gravity-type dam, 2,160 feet long and 250 feet in height above its lowest foundation; and a hydroelectric power-generating plant. The dam consists of a rolled-earth embankment section extending 778 feet from the left abutment across the flood-plain portion of the valley, and a concrete structure 1,382 feet in length, comprised of spillway, power intake, and adjacent nonoverflow sections, connecting the embankment with the right abutment. The spillway contains six gate-controlled conduits and is surmounted with eight tainter crest gates to provide for regulating and discharging floodflows. In addition to the main dam structure, the project provided for construction of a rolled-earth dike, 770 feet in length, to close a saddle in the reservoir rim on the right bank near the dam site. The powerhouse, a reinforced concrete structure of the conven- tional indoor type, is located directly at the downstream base of the power intake section of the dam through which three pen- stocks were constructed. The power installation consists of three 45,000 kilowatt generating units. The project is one unit of a coordinated plan for the control of floods and the development of the water resources of the Cumberland River Basin, this plan in turn forming an integral part of the comprehensive plan of development for the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. At maximum controlled pool level, top of spillway crest gates, the reservoir covers an area of 23,060 acres and provides a storage capacity of 1020 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 2,092,000 acre-feet, of which 762,000 is allocated for flood control and 492,000 for power drawdown, leaving a minimum pool of 838,000 acre-feet available at all times for public use and con- servation purposes. The drainage area controlled is 2,195 square miles, or approximately four-fifths of the Caney Fork River Basin. The project was selected for construction under the general au- thorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 and the additional authoriza- tion contained in the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. The (1956) estimated cost of the project including the 3- unit power installation, is $44,365,000. The (1956) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of the project is $345,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Opera- tions under a modification to an agreement entered into with the State of Tennessee and DeKalb and Putnam Counties, Tenn., to change the surfacing of a connecting access road from U. S. No. 70N to the roadway across the dam, from gravel to a bituminous surface treatment, were completed. Contracts were also com- pleted for the following: Installation of transil oil supply and re- turn pipelines from the switchyard to the oil purification and storage rooms in the powerhouse by way of the existing cable tunnel, including removal of certain portions of the existing ex- posed piping; repair of turbine runners; and construction of a public overlook and comfort station at the project site. Hired labor operations included preparation of "as-constructed" drawings, and continuation of activities under the real estate pro- gram. In the latter connection, final judgments were entered on 15 cases in condemnation. Authority was granted during the year to acquire an additional 95 acres in easements over lands situated below the dam and subject to damage by flows from maximum power production. Operation and maintenance: The dam was operated and the structure and its appurtenances maintained as required. Opera- tions of the powerplant was continuous except for normal inter- ruptions and necessary shutdowns for inspection and maintenance purposes. Under existing regulations, the total net energy gener- ated (357,288,000 kilowatt-hours) was made available through the Department of the Interior to the Tennessee Valley Authority for distribution. Activities under the reservoir management program, compris- ing shoreline sanitation, malaria control, conservation, land man- agement and disposal, and operation and maintenance of public- use facilities were continued. Regulation of the reservoir during the year was limited to re- leases for the generation of power, except during the periods February 6-13 and 20-28, 1956, when gate releases were made to supplement turbine discharge in emptying the flood-control por- tion of the reservoir. The maximum release of 30,400 cubic feet per second was made on February 22, 1956. The average pool FLOOD CONTROL--NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1021 elevation was 636.0 feet, which is 12.0 feet below the spillway crest level. Reservoir storage varied from a minimum of 836,000 acre-feet on January 13, 1956, corresponding to a pool elevation of 617.9 feet, to a maximum of 1,523,000 acre-feet on February 2, 1956, corresponding to elevation 658.3. During the occurrence of two floods on the Cumberland River in February 1956, the com- bined effect of this project and the Lake Cumberland (Wolf Creek) and Dale Hollow Reservoirs resulted in computed stage reductions for the first and second rises of 21.8 and 16.5 feet, re- spectively, at Carthage, Tenn.; 8.0 and 5.1 feet at Nashville, Tenn.; 5.0 and 2.7 feet at Clarksville, Tenn.; and 4.8 and 1.9 feet at Dover, Tenn. The costs were $463,911, of which $209,805 was for new work and $254,106 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole was 99 percent complete. Work under the contract for construction of the dam, appurtenant works, and access roads was begun in March 1942, but was suspended in March 1943 in interest of the war effort, when about 40 percent complete. Operations were resumed in January 1946. Closure of the dam was effected in November 1948, at which time the project was placed in operation for flood control. Work under the prime contract as modified to include construction of the powerplant was completed in Novem- ber 1951. Generator units Nos. 1, 2, and 3 were put in service commercially on December 11, 1950, January 17, and April 11, 1951, respectively. Reservoir operations, including mapping (178 square miles), clearing (15,850 acres), removal and salvage of improvements, cemetery 'removals, and relocation of Tennessee State Highway Nos. 26 (Sligo) and 56 bridges, have been completed. All neces- sary reservoir lands have been acquired; 37,744 acres having been obtained in fee simple, 87 acres in road and flowage easements, and 829 acres by transfer from another Government agency. In addition, a total of 521 acres of land situated below the dam has been approved for acquisition in easement because of damages in- curred from project operation. Of this amount, 368 acres have been acquired. Disposal action on transfer of 79 acres in road easements to the State of Tennessee has been completed. Work yet to be accomplished under the project involves fulfill- ment of the remaining lands requirements, including settlement of claims pending in court, and completion of project "as-con- structed" drawings. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $45,736,863, of which $44,268,803 was for new work and $1,468,060 for operation and maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $55,995 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 1022 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .____ ________ __ $239,000 __ $107,300 _ $44,365,000 ________ __ --- Cost ... $472,242 113,679 $217,454 107,258 $209,805 144,268,803 Maintenance: Appropriated .---- 210,000 234,100 207,300 241,800 255,500 1,478,400 Cost _______ 224,441 249,857 228,368 251,713 254,106 2 1,468,060 1 In addition, surplus propert valued at $55,528 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $467 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $74, 547 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ ____________________ _ 74,547 10. COAL CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES (LAKE CITY), TENN. Location. The project is located at Lake City, Tenn., on Coal Creek, which rises in northern Anderson County, Tenn., flows northeasterly and easterly about 12 miles, and discharges into the Clinch River (a tributary of the Tennessee River) at a point about 5 miles downstream from Norris Dam and 20 miles north- west of Knoxville, Tenn. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for local flood protection at and in the vicinity of Lake City, Tenn., by en- largement and rectification of the stream channel to obtain a bot- tom width of 100 feet from a point near the upstream corporate limits, extending through the town and downstream therefrom for a total distance of about 2.5 miles; provision also being made for a supplementary cut-off, having a bottom width of 20 feet, across the narrow portion of a bend in the creek just downstream of the channel improvement. Incidental work includes alterations to bridges and sewers and construction of a new bridge across the cutoff. Authorized by the Flood Control Act approved Sep- tember 3, 1954 (PL 78.0, 83d Cong., 2 sess.), in accordance with House Document 154, 82d Congress, First session, the project is designed to afford protection against a flood approximately 50 percent greater than the maximum of record (1929). The esti- mated cost of new work (1956) is $853,000 for construction, Federal; and $126,000 for lands and damages, non-Federal. Local Cooperation. The project was adopted subject to the or- dinary requirements of local cooperation, with respect to lands and damages and maintenance of the works of improvement, and on the further condition of local interests assuming responsibility for the prevention of encroachment upon the rectified stream channel after completion. The plan of improvement was sub- mitted to and discussed with members of the city council on October 5, 1949, prior to final compilation and processing of the authorization document, at which time approval of the proposed works and assurances of compliance with the conditions of local participation were expressed. In anticipation of a favorable pro- FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1023 ject, local interests had legislation passed by the General Assembly of the State of Tennessee which, along with other provisions, em- powers the Board of Commissioners of Lake City to levy taxes on all taxable property for purposes of financing the city's share of the project costs. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning for the project is scheduled for initiation with funds appropriated for the fiscal year 1957. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $50, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-__ 50, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ 803, 000 11. PAINT ROCK RIVER, ALA. Location. Paint Rock River, a tributary of the Tennessee River, is formed by the confluence of Estill and Hurricane Forks, in the northwest corner of Jackson County, Ala., flows generally south about 60 miles and empties into Wheeler Reservoir at a point 5.8 miles below Guntersville Dam and 12 miles northwest of the town of Guntersville, Marshall County, Ala. Existing project. Improvement of Paint Rock River for flood control and related purposes was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (PL 780, 83d Cong., 2d sess.), in general accordance with the recommendations of Senate Docu- ment No. 161, 83d Congress, 2d session, subject to certain condi- tions of local cooperation. The principal features of the project consist of clearing the main stream of snags and obstructions, removal of timber along the banks, and excavation of the channel at critical points, combined with a drainage system to be con- structed by local interests. The plan provides for clearing, clean- ing, and minor straightening of the channel of Paint Rock River for a distance of about 53 miles, extending from about mile 7 (above mouth) to its head at the junction of Hurricane and Estill Forks; and for similar work within the lowermost reaches of the principal tributary streams as follows: Little Paint Creek, 4.8 miles; Guess Creek, 1.8 miles; Hurricane Fork, 2.1 miles; Larkin Fork, 2.5 miles; and Estill Fork, 3.0 miles. These improvements are designed to afford an outlet adequate to permit the undertak- ing by local interests of drainage and related works on some 27,000 acres of land within the watershed. Flows resulting from the more rapid concentration of runoff from the upstream drain- age works will be accommodated by the improved channel without raising crest elevations over those occurring under natural con- ditions. Major benefits will result from increased net returns from agricultural lands and reduced maintenance on existing im- provements. The current (1956) estimate of total cost for the project is $3,090,000, of which $1,809,000 is for the upstream drainage 1024 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 works, to be provided entirely by local interests, and $1,281,000 for the work on the main stream and tributary channels to be provided jointly by local interests and the United States with the costs thereof to be shared as follows: $1,140,000 for construction, Federal; and $141,000 for lands and damages, non-Federal. Local cooperation. The authorizing act specified that the pro- visions of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, pertaining to the ordinary conditions of cooperation with respect to lands and damages and maintenance of the works of improvement after completion, shall apply; and that local in- terests shall also construct and maintain local drainage works re- quired to fully and effectively utilize the improved outlet system. As a result of a meeting with local interests on March 20, 1953, prior to final compilation and processing of the authorization document, acceptance of the plan of improvement was expressed and the ability and willingness of the local residents to participate in the project appears to be assured. Formal assurances of com- pliance with the prescribed conditions have not been requested. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning for the project is scheduled for initiation with funds appropriated for the fiscal year 1957. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $50, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 50, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _. 1,090, 000 12. OHIO RIVER BASIN, NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, flood walls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Nashville, Tenn., district. Existing project. The flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, approved the general comprehensive plans for flood control and other purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof, as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers, may be advis- able and for initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan, authorized $75,000,000 for reservoirs and $50,300,000 for the local flood-protection works, the individual projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers subject to the provision that the authorization shall include the diversion of Cache River above Cairo, Ill., and the protection of the area north of Cairo drainage district by levees, at an estimated cost of $2,000,000. In addition to previous authorizations, the Flood Control Acts approved August 18, 1941, December 22, 1944, July 24, 1946, and May 17, 1950, authorized sums of $45,000,000, $70,000,000, FLOOD CONTROL--NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 1025 $125,000,000, and $100,000,000, respectively, for the further prose- cution of the comprehensive plan for the Ohio River Basin ap- proved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by the subsequent acts of Congress. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Nashville, Tenn., district: Local protection projects Reservoirs Total esti- Tributary basin and reservoir Stream mated cost CUMBERLAND Center Hill, Tenn.3_________________ -_______________ Caney Fork River $44,365,000 Dale Hollow, Tenn. and Ky.3---------------....L ............... Obey River___________ 25,961,000 Lake Cumberland, Ky.3 4---- Cumberland River ... 79,080,000 Rossview, Tenn. and Ky. 1___-_________________________________ Red River____________ 2 12,590,000 Stewarts Ferry, Tenn. --------------------------------- Stones River .. 223,400,000 Three Islands, Tenn.'-_ _Harpeth . . . .. River -------- 2 19,900,000 1 Also see listing of this project under item "Other authorized flood control projects." 2 Last revised in 1954. 3 Details of this project are given in indivudual report. 4 Formerly Wolf Creek Reservoir. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs were incurred in the amount of $2,134 for engineering and economic studies con- cerned with revaluating the approved project plan for Middles- boro (Yellow Creek), Ky. Condition at end of fiscal year. The status of the Center Hill, Dale Hollow, and Lake Cumberland (Wolf Creek) projects, se- lected for construction under this authorization, is given in in- dividual reports. The remaining projects under the comprehensive plan within the Nashville District have been deferred for restudy. Detailed plans previously developed for Three Islands and Rossview Reser- voirs are subject to certain supplementary studies and investiga- tions, and consequent revisions, to reflect current conditions and engineering practices. Mapping of the reservoir area (213 square miles), reservoir area-capacity determinations, and additional foundation exploration work for further site analysis studies in- cident to revision of the Three Islands project plans have been completed. Engineering and design for Stewarts Ferry Reser- voir were discontinued in fiscal year 1953, when about 40 percent complete. Further work on the Middlesboro (Yellow Creek), Ky., local protection project was deferred upon completion of definite design studies in fiscal year 1949. In view of known changes in economic development and recent expressions of con- 1026 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 certed local interest, studies for revaluation of the plan of im- provement for the latter project were undertaken during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1956, and brought to about 40 percent com- pletion. A restudy of the Stewarts Ferry project in the light of existing conditions of development and prices, including considera- tion of recent flood experience, is scheduled for accomplishment with funds appropriated for fiscal year 1957. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $520,346. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated..______ -$209,300 -$148,840 . $5,000 $523,212 Cost --------- 539 659------------------------ 2,134 520,346 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_________ $2, 866 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -__ 10, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957______- ____________________ 12, 866 13. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1 Chattanooga, Tenn. and Rossville, Ga. ._... 1949 $180,997 Cumberland, Ky. 2.-- ------- - 1952----------..... 1952 .(3) Middlesboro (Yellow Creek), Ky.4_______ _ 1949 21,072 ______________ 5 559,928 Rossview 4Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Tenn. and Ky. -------------------------------------- - -- - 6,779 - ---- - 512,583,221 Snagging and clearing under authority of sec. 2 of the Flood Control Act, Aug. 28, 1937, as amended -------------------------------- 1953 24,748 -------------- (6) Stewarts4 Ferry Reservoir, Ohio River Basin Tenn. --. 1953 380,640 -------------- 5 23,019,360 Three Islands - - - - - Reservoir, - - - - - - - - - Ohio- - River - - - - - - -Basin, - -- -- - - -- -- -- -- -- - Tenn.4 111,855 -------------- 19,788,145 1 Authorization expired Dec. 31, 1953 (PL 314, 82d Cong.). 2 Inactive; provisions of the improvement have been accomplished by local interests without expense to the Government. 3 The estimated cost of the project last revised in 1954 was $89,200, subdivided: $89,000 for construction, Federal; and $200 for lands and damages, non-Federal. 4 To be restudied. 5 Cost estimate last revised in 1954. 6 No further work currently scheduled. 14. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency Flood-control Activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., 1st sess., and antecedent legislation). In addition to previous allotments, totalling $29,934 for emer- gency flood-control work pursuant to this authority within the Nashville District, allotments were made during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1956, as follows; $805 for revision of Flood Emer- GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DIST. 1027 gency Manual; and $12,599 for reimbursement of expenses in- curred by the district in connection with reporting activities and liaison with local agencies and municipalities during floods ex- perienced in the Cumberland River Basin in March 1955 and January-February 1956, and for application to completion of post-flood investigations and reports thereon. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $43,117, including $8,594 from revolving fund for flood emergency activities during fiscal year 1955. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated_ ______-- - - -- $2,418 $1,050 $13,404 $43,338 Cost--- ------------- --------------- 2,418 1,050 113,183 143,117 1 Includes $8,594 incurred in connection with emergency flood-control activities under the revolving fund during fiscal year 1955. 15. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs and expenditures for general investigations during the year were $18,418. The balance unexpended ($472) on June 30, 1956, plus anticipated allotments for the fiscal year 1957 of $50,300 for examinations and surveys and $3,500 for research and development, a total of $54,272, will be applied to the prepara- tion of 6 flood control studies (surveys), anticipating completion of 3, and as needed during the year for expenses to be incurred for hydrologic studies. The additional sum of $53,100 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1958 for work scheduled under this heading. 16. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Of the total expenses for general investigations during the year, costs of $2,168 were incurred for miscellaneous (hydrologic) studies involving collection of streamflow and recording rain-gage data. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southwestern Ohio, west central Kentucky, a small portion of north central Tennessee, all of Indiana except the northern part and southeastern Illinois except the Cairo-Mounds-Mound City area, all included in the drainage basin of the Ohio River and its tributaries (exclusive of the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers) from mile 409.3 (below Pittsburgh) immediately downstream from Aberdeen, Ohio, to the mouth. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Locks and dams 34 to 39, 41, 18. Evansville, Ohio River Basin, and 43 to 53, Ohio River __ 1029 Ind----- 1053 2. Ohio River, open channel 19. Uniontown, Ohio River Basin, work_.__________-_ - 1029 Ky ------------------- 1054 3. Kentucky River, Ky_ 1030 20. Mansfield Reservoir, Ohio 4. Green and Barren Rivers, Ky_ 1032 River Basin, Ind-----_ 1055 5. Other authorized navigation 21. Mason J. Niblack Levee, Ohio projects-_- ___- 1036 River Basin, Ind_ 1057 22. Vincennes, Ohio River Basin, Flood Control Ind_------------------- 1058 23. Muncie, Ind., floodwall and 6. Newport, Ohio River Basin, channel improvement ....- 1059 Ky--------------------1036 24. Cagles Mill Reservoir, Ohio 7. Covington, Ohio River Basin, River Basin, Ind_ __ - 1060 Ky- - _ 1037 25. New Harmony Bridge, Ohio 8. Cincinnati, Ohio River Basin, River Basin, Ill. and Ind__ 1061 Ohio _-- 1039 26. Paducah, Ohio River Basin, 9. West Fork of Mill Creek Res- Ky -------------------- 1062 ervoir, Ohio River Basin, 27. Brookport, Ohio River Basin, Ohio- 1041 Ill-------------------- 1063 10. Jackson, Ohio River Basin, 28. Ohio River Basin, Louisville, Ky--------------------1042 ------------ Ky., District__ 1064 11. Buckhorn Reservoir, Ohio 29. Floodwall rehabilitation, Louis- River Basin, Ky---------- 1043 ville, Ky., District-------- 1068 12. Jeffersonville-Clarksville, Ohio 30. Other authorized flood-control River Basin, Ind- 1044 projects___ __________ 1068 13. Louisville, Ohio River Basin, 31. Inspection of completed flood- Ky------------------- 1046 control works 1------------070 14. New Albany, Ohio River Basin, 32. Flood-control work under spe- Ind-------------------1048 cial authorization --------- 1071 15. Cannelton, Ohio River Basin, Ind 049 1------------------- 16. Tell City, Ohio River Basin, General Investigations Ind------------------- 1050 33. Examinations and surveys... 17. Rough River Reservoir and 1071 Channel improvement, Ohio 34. Research and development-... 1071 River Basin, Ky---------- 1051 1. LOCKS AND DAMS 34 TO 39, 41, AND 43 TO 53, OHIO RIVER For report on this improvement, see page 979. 2. OHIO RIVER, OPEN CHANNEL WORK For report on this improvement, see page 986. 1029 1030 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 3. KENTUCKY RIVER, KY. Location. The Kentucky River is formed by the confluence of its North and Middle Forks about 4 miles east of the town of Beattyville in east central Kentucky, the South Fork joining the main stream at that place, and flows in a general northwesterly direction 258.6 miles and empties into the Ohio River at Carroll- ton, Ky., mile 545.8 below Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey Chart for State of Kentucky; scale, 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The project provides for 14 locks and fixed dams to give in connection with the improvement of the Ohio River, slack water navigation of 6 feet minimum depth from the Ohio River to points on the 3 forks a short distance above Beatty- ville, Ky. The length of the 6-foot-depth project on the main system of the Kentucky River is 258.6 miles to the confluence of the Middle and North Forks. The river frequently rises to a height of 35 feet or more. Extreme flood height at lock 1 due to backwater from Ohio River when in flood is 60.3 feet, while ex- treme floods reach a height of 47.6 feet at lock 4, and 35.5 feet at lock 14. At some intermediate locks the extreme height of floods exceeds 40 feet. All flood heights are referred to upper pool gages. The cost of new work for the completed project, which con- templated the rehabilitation of the 5 State locks and dams and the extension of slack water to the three forks at Beattyville, was $4,176,749. The estimate of annual cost of operation and main- tenance of the Kentucky River (1956) is $485,000, of which $425,000 is for operating and care of locks and dams and $60,000 for channel work. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879, in accordance with the report published in House Executive Document 47, 45th Congress, 3d session (Annual Re- port, 1879, p. 1398). Operation and care of the locks and dams were included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act, approved June 26, 1934. No project map of the river has been published. The following statement shows the characteristics of the several locks and dams in this project: RIVERS AND HARBORS--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1031 Lock Location Dimensions Great- est When Dam avail- Depth com- Cost able Lift on Foundation pleted Nearest Miles Clear length of lower town from width (full lock miter mouth (feet) width (feet) sill of (feet) lock) (feet) 11 Carrollton, Ky .... 4.0 38 145 8.2 14.8 Rock and clay_ 21882 12 Lockport, Ky -.... 31.0 38 145 13.9 6.1 Rock .... _ 1882 13 Gest, Ky___________ 42.0 38 145 13.2 6.5 ... do .---- 3 $1,350,385 .1882 14 Frankfort, Ky_____ 65.0 38 145 13.2 6.3 _____do...... 1882 15 Lawrenceburg, Ky 82.2 38 145 15.0 6.4 _..do 2 1886 16 Versailles, Ky ..... 96.2 52 147 14.0 6.4 Rock and piles. 1894 314,847 17 High Bridge, Ky___ 117.0 52 147 15.3 6.8 Rock_________ 1897 290,788 18 Nicholsville, Ky___ 139.9 52 146 18.7 6.0 do 1900 275,463 49 Valley View, Ky___ 157.5 52 148 17.3 6.6 _____do _____ 1903 237,646 4 10 Richmond, Ky_____ 176.4 52 148 17.0 6.0 _____do __ 1904 221,500 4 11 College Hill, Ky___ 201.0 52 148 18.0 6.0 .do- ---- - 1906 296,593 5 12 Ravenna, Ky..____ 220.0 52 148 17.0 6.0 do 1910 425,693 513 Willow, Ky ___.. _ 239.9 52 148 18.0 6.0 .do.... 1915 461,476 4 14 Heidelberg, Ky... 249.0 52 148 17.0 6.0 _. ----do 1917 392,902 1 Fixed dam, crib construction, concrete cap. 2 Date reconstruction was completed by United States. 3 Built by the State of Kentucky. Cost is given for repairs by United States only. 4 Fixed dam, concrete construction. 5 Fixed dam, concrete construction, wooden crest. Terminal facilities. Tanks for receiving gasoline are located at or near Carrollton, Frankfort, and Camp Nelson, Ky. Term- inals for loading coal are located at Beattyville and Heidelberg, Ky., and for unloading coal at Clays Ferry, Ford, and Carrollton, Ky. There is a stone loading terminal at Boonesboro, Ky., and terminals for receiving sand and gravel at Frankfort and Carroll- ton, Ky. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work during the fiscal year consisted of the operation and maintenance of the 14 locks and dams, and the removal of shoals, snags, and slides, as re- quired to maintain an adequate channel for existing traffic between the mouth of the river and Beattyville, Ky., in the pool of dam No. 1.4. The costs were $181,962 for operation and ordinary mainte- nance of locks and dams and $85,000 for rehabilitation of channels in pools of dams, a total of $266,962, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1917. The work accomplished under the project has been the rehabilitation of the five old State locks and dams and the construction of new locks and dams Nos. 6 to 14, inclusive. The year of completion of the various locks and dams is given in the table in the paragraph "Existing project." The canalization system on the Kentucky River is in poor con- dition. Repairs have been made to the deteriorated locks and dams as required to keep the locks in operation and to maintain pool levels above the dams except in extreme dry weather, when 1032 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 some pools fall below normal levels. Channel work has been performed as required to relieve critical hardship conditions for existing river traffic. The controlling navigable depth in the section covered by the existing project was 6 feet at the end of the fiscal year. All locks were staffed with two employees each for the lockage of the limited amount of commercial traffic using the river. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Maintenance Regular and operation Total funds New work---------_ ----------------------------- $4,176,749 -$4,176,749 Operation and maintenance, general-----.-----_ - 4,257,040 $51,000 4,308,040 Total -------------------------------------- 8,433,789 51,000 8,484,789 In addition, the sum of $6,405,372 was expended between July 5, 1884, and June 30, 1937, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------------------....------------ ------------ .... ------------......... $4,176,749 Cost--- ------------------------------------------------------------ 4,176,749 Maintenance: Appropriated..------- $206, 400 $300,750 $244,704 $228,400 $273,905 10,732,227 Cost----------------- 194,662 331,419 217,151 278,459 266,962 10,713,412 4. GREEN AND BARREN RIVERS, KY. Location. Green River rises in Casey County, Ky., flows in a northwesterly direction 370 miles, and empties into the Ohio River about 8 miles above Evansville, Ind. Barren River rises in Monroe, Ky., flows in a northwesterly di- rection 130 miles, and empties into Green River one-half mile above lock 4 and 149.5 miles above the mouth of Green River. Existing project. This provides for 6 locks and dams on the Green River and 1 on the Barren River to give, with channel work in the pools of the dams, a navigable depth of 9.0 feet and width of 200 feet from the Ohio River to mile 103 Green River, 3.2 miles upstream from Paradise, Ky.; a navigable depth of 5.5 feet from mile 103 Green River to Mammoth Cave, Ky., mile 197.8 Green River, and from the mouth of the Barren River mile 149.5 Green River, to Bowling Green, Ky., mile 30.1 Barren River. The principal data concerning the locks and dams are shown in the following table: RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1033 Location Greatest Depth Depth length on lower on upper Width of of Lift at miter miter Distance lock lock normal sill at sill at Lock Nearest from chamber available pool normal normal and town mouth of for full pool pool dam river width level level GREEN RIVER miles feet feet feet feet feet New 1 Spottsville, Ky ... 9.1 84.0 600.0 1 11.8 11.3 12.1 New 2 Rumsey, y - 63.1 84.0 600.0 14.3 11.7 15.0 3 Rochester, y_ 108.5 35.8 137.5 17.0 5.6 7.3 4 Woodbury, Ky .... 149.0 35.8 138.0 16.4 6.5 7.1 5 Glenmore, Ky -.... 168.1 56.0 360.0 15.2 9.3 12.0 6 Brownsville, Ky 181.7 36.0 145.0 9.2 8.8 8.0 PARREN RIVER 1 Greencastle, Ky.... 2 15.0 56.0 360.0 15.2 9.3 12.0 Lock and Character of Type of Type of Year Cost of lock dam foundation dam construction completed and dam GREEN RIVER New 1 Shale and coal .... Fixed .- __ Woodcrib, concrete cap .. 31956 4 4,834,110.00 New 2 Shale--------------.do ..- Concrete masonry_ __.. 51956 6 4,875,000.00 3 Rock...------------ do___ Wood crib----------------1833-36 121,377.00 do .......---------..----- 4 ..... do -------------- .do__ 1839 125,718.00 5 Piles and rock-_ -___8 do _ Concrete masonry 1934 .......... 7 1,020,867.89 6 Gravel...______ _____ ----- .. do . Wood crib, concrete cap ... 1905 168,415.00 PARREP RIVER 1 Gravel-------------.....do .-.. ..-do__ 1841 9871,565.00 Pilesin gravel.....---------------------------------------- 1934 1 At normal pool dam 48, Ohio River. 2 Distance from mouth of Green River is 164.5 miles. 3 New lock 1, 92 per cet complete, placed in operation May 25, 1956, old dam 1, completed 1835-40, still in use. 4 Estimate includes $179,110 cost of old lock and dam 1. 5 New lock and dam 2, 91 per cent complete, placed in operation June 18, 1956. 6 Estimate for new lock and dam 2 does not include $295,696 cost of old lock and dam. 7 Does not include $179,434.58 cost of old lock and dam 5. 8 With movable A-frame crest 3 feet high. 9 Includes $729,269 for new large lock completed in 1934. Fluctuations in stage vary considerably at the different locks. At lock 3, Green River, ordinary fluctuations due to high stages are from 12 to 15 'feet above the pool level, and at lock 1, Barren River, from 7 to 10 feet above pool. The maximum stages of record are 34 feet above normal pool stage at lock 3, Green River, and 29 feet at lock 1, Barren River. These stages were obtained during the floods of 1937 and 1913, respectively. The estimated cost of new work in Green and Barren Rivers (1956) is $13,939,769 of which $2,444,769 is for work completed prior to 1954, $1,965,000 is for channel enlargement to provide a 9-foot depth and width of 200 feet in the lower 103 miles of Green River and $9,530,000 is for construction of new lock 1 and new lock and dam 2 Green River. The estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance of the Green River between the mouth of the Green River and Bowling Green on the Barren River (1956) is $290,000, of which $230,000 is for operating and care of locks and dams Nos. 1-4 Green River and No. 1, Barren River, and $60,000 for channel work. 1034 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents i i Aug. 11, 1888 Purchase of the original improvements _ -- -- Ex. Doec. 111, 49th Cong., 2d H. sess.; Annual Report 1887, p. 1903. Mar. 3, 18931 Construction of lock 2, Green River .... ....... Annual Report, 1891, p. 2439. July 13, 1892 Construction of lock 5, Green River___ July 13, 1902 Construction of lock 6, Green River Annual Report, 1891, p. 2478. Mar. 3, 1905 Appropriation of $5,000 made for continuing the im- provement of Green River above the mouth of Big Barren River, with the following proviso: "That the Secretary of War may, in his discretion, expend such portion of said amount as may be necessary for removal of snags in Nolin River." Mar. 3, 1909 Construction of new lock No. 1 and new lock and Senate Doc. No. 82, 83d Cong., 2d dam No. 2, Green River. sess. July 3, 1930 Construction of new locks at dam 5, Green River, and Rivers and Harbors Committee dam 1, Barren River; modification of dam 5, Green Doc. 2, 71st Cong., 1st sess., and River, widening of bends in Bear Creek, Ky. H. Doc. 685, 69th Cong., 2d sess. June 26, 1934 2 Operation and care of locks and dams with War De- partment appropriations for rivers and harbors. 3 Aug. 30, 1935 Improvement of Nolin River_______ H. Doc. 480, 72d Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 3, 1954 Channel enlargement lower 103 miles of Green River Senate Doc. No. 82, 83d Cong., 2d Revocation of authorities for improvement of Bear sess. Creek and Nolin River. 1 Deficiency act. 2 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. a Contains latest published map of the Green, Barren, Rough, and Nolin Rivers, and Bear Creek. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, provides in connection with the improvement of the lower 103 miles of Green River that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way neces- sary for construction; and agree to hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements. Assurances of fulfillment of local cooperation re- quirements were furnished by the Green River Valley Citizens League, Inc., on February 4, 1955. All rights-of-way required for the channel improvement have been acquired. Terminal facilities. Terminals are located as follows: River Mile Purpose Nearest town I ------ I I Green -___ 81.7 Receiving coal (Kentucky utilities powerplant) _- South Carrollton, Ky. Do .. 83.8 Receiving gasoline __Do. Do___ 85.8 Loading coal_ _ .. ... _ __ Do. Do___ 97.7 ..... do ..... _ Rockport, Ky. Do___ 99.5 - do _...- - Paradise, Ky. Barren ... 29.7 Receiving gasoline - _- - _ Bowling Green, Ky. Do .. 29.9 _- do .....- ____ Do. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of construction of new lock No. 1 and lock and dam No. 2, and dredging for enlarge- ment of the lower 103 miles of channel. A contract for the con- struction of navigation aids at bridge piers was awarded during the year but initiation of the work was delayed by slow delivery of steel piling. Operation and maintenance, general: Work during the fiscal year consisted of the operation and maintenance of locks and dams Nos. 1 to 4, Green River and No. 1, Barren River; and the removal of shoals, snags and slides as required to maintain an adequate channel for existing traffic between the mouth of the Green River and Bowling Green, Ky. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1035 The costs during the fiscal year were as follows: New work: Channel dredging, Green River_ $934, 056 Reconstruction of lock 1 and lock and dam 2, ____ 4, 634, 319 $5, 568, 375 Operation and maintenance, general: Operation and maintenance of lock and dams 85, 194 Rehabilitation ___ 26, 578 Reimbursement for design memorandum completed in fiscal year 1954_ -100, 000 11, 772 Total, all from regular funds ________________ $5, 580,147 Condition at end of fiscal year. New locks 1 and 2 on Green River were substantially complete and in operation at the end of the fiscal year. Locks and dams 3 and 4 on Green River were in fair condition, and lock and dam 1 on Barren River was in good condition. Operation of locks 5 and 6 Green River was discon- tinued on August 1, 1951 as these locks were no longer used by river traffic. Channel dredging for a depth of 9 feet and width of 200 feet in the lower 103 miles of river was 95 percent complete, the construction of guide fenders and cells at 4 bridges in this sec- tion of river had not been started. The controlling navigable depth in the lower 103 miles of river was 9.0 feet, and the con- trolling depth from mile 103 to Bowling Green, Ky., was 5.5 feet, at the end of the fiscal year. The channel in the Green River between the mouth of the Barren River, mile 149.5, and Mammoth Cave, Ky., mile 197.8, is no longer maintained and is blocked by deactivated locks and dams 5 and 6. New work remaining to be done consists of the completion of work in progress at the end of the fiscal year, as noted above. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Maintenance Public Regular and operation works Emergency Total funds funds relief New work_-_ ____------$12,085,660 ------------- $85,000 ...-.......... $12,170,660 Operation and maintenance, general_____ ______________ 2,307,972 $19,000 . _._._.._ $2,000 2,328,972 Total_ ___ __ -_________ 14,393,632 19,000 85,000 2,000 14,499,632 In addition, the sum of $3,842,667 was expended between 1888 and June 30, 1936, on the operating and care of the works of im- provement under provisions of the permanent indefinite appro- priation for such purposes. 1036 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.. ___ ________........ __.. ___ ____ $840,000 $3,828,000 $6,827,000 $13,939,769 Cost----. ------------------------ 80,363 4,077,153 5,568,375 12,170,660 Maintenance: Appropriated- .--... $81,600 $108,500 272,200 175,500 2,899 6,172,647 Cost_---- ------- 133,491 106,712 276,767 175,466 11,772 6,171,639 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $771, 861 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _________________________________ 771,861 5. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Licking River, Ky.' .----------------------- 1901 $13,045 2. Tradewater River, 2 Ky.2 -------------------- 1941 18,568 $7,571 Completed. 3. White River, Ind. ---- ------------------ 1909 119,312 ._____ Do. 4. Clearing navigable streams under authority 1951 12,131 Do. of Public Law 14, 79th Cong. 5. Rough River, Ky.2s------------------------ 1952 105,500 101,196 Do. 6. Bear Creek, Ky. ------------------------- 1954 7. Nolin River, Ky.-- _------------------------ 1954 (4) (4) 1 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 2 No commerce reported. 3 Authorization for improvement revoked by River and Harbor Act Sept. 3, 1954. 4 Cost for partial improvement and for operation and maintenance, prior to 1955, included under project for Green and Barren Rivers. 6. NEWPORT, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Campbell County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River and the right bank of the Licking River at their con- fluence, 470 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The completed project consists of 8,000 feet of earth levee, 1,805 feet of concrete wall, 2,435 feet of cellular-type steel sheet piling wall, three pumping plants, and other necessary appurtenances. The line of protection begins at high ground near the east end of Lexington Avenue, extends in a northwesterly di- rection to the left bank of the Ohio River, thence downstream to the mouth of the Licking River and upstream along the right bank of Licking River to high ground in the vicinity of Lowell and 12th Streets. The section along Licking River from Chestnut Street to Hodge Street is cellular-type steel sheet piling wall and the section from Hodge Street to Lowell and 12th Streets is con- crete wall. The project provides protection for the city of Newport, Ky., against Ohio River and Licking River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1037 The estimated cost of the project (1955) is $7,200,000; the actual non-Federal cost is $299,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous ex- penses were incurred in connection with a pending claim and pay- ment was made to local interests for fencing around pumping plants during fiscal year. Routine maintenance of the project was performed by local interests. The completed project effec- tively prevented flooding a portion of the city during the 1955-56 flood season. The estimated damages prevented are $110,000 for this period. The costs during the fiscal year were $7,141 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in April 1946 and completed in June 1953 except for modi- fications and repairs which were completed in August 1953. The project was assigned to local interests for maintenance and opera- tion on September 29, 1951. Additional seepage protection re- mains to be done. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $7,138,384 from regular funds and $6,150 from emergency relief funds, a total of $7,144,534. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------ $200,000 ---------------------------------- $7,200,351 Cost _.... ..... -- __ $272,260 320,629 $109,416 $1,167 $7,141 7,144,534 1 Includes $6,150 emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_-- $55, 817 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957______ ----------------------------------- 55,817 7. COVINGTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Kenton County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River and the left bank of the Licking River at their confluence, 470.5 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of 2,514 feet of earth levee and 3,171 feet of concrete wall along the Ohio River; 7,710 feet of earth levee and 1,596 feet of concrete wall along the Licking River; 10 pumping plants; and other necessary appurtenances. The Ohio River section begins near Second and Wright Streets, extends along the left bank of the river on or near Second Street to Washington Street, then northeast to Riverside Drive, paralleling Riverside Drive on the 1038 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 south side to Greenup Street, thence along the west side of this street in a southerly direction to high ground. The Licking River section begins about 300 feet east of Eighth and Garrard Streets, parallels this latter street and Prospect Street at a distance of about 300 feet on the riverside to 12th Street, thence parallel to Maryland Street on the riverside for 800 feet, thence in a south- erly direction parallel and adjacent to the left bank of Licking River to a point near Oakland Street 500 feet south of Wallace Avenue, thence about 300 feet west to high ground. This section also includes about 670 feet of earth levee along Eastern Avenue between Wallace Avenue and 26th Street, and about 240 feet of concrete wall to protect Booth Hospital in the vicinity of Kennedy and Third Streets. The project will provide protection for the city of Covington, Ky., against Ohio and Licking River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The (1956) estimated Federal cost of the project is $7,318,900; the estimated non-Federal cost is $765,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Bond issue to cover rights-of-way and damage costs were voted on November 6, 1945. Formal assur- ances of local cooperation were adopted on November 29, 1945, by the board of commissioners of the city of Covington and ap- proved September 26, 1947. Rights-of-way have been acquired necessary for construction work, except for ponding area at Wil- low Run pumping plant. The funds contributed for joint design, engineering studies, and construction of sewer facilities along Licking River totaled $295,622. This work is beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project. Operations and results during fiscal year. The construction of the five pumping plants along Licking River was completed. Con- tract for dehumidification facilities for pumping plants was in- itiated and completed. Miscellaneous remedial measures were also accomplished. Local interests performed routine maintenance of the project. The project effectively prevented flooding a por- tion of the city during 1955-56 flood season, thereby preventing flood damages estimated at $26,000. The costs during the fiscal year were $68,695 from regular funds and $9,558 from contributed funds, a total of $78,253, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was started on the project in July 1948 and was completed in August 1955. On November 12, 1952, the operation and maintenance of Willow Run, Main Street and Russell Street pumping plants, and Sections A and B of the protection line were assigned to local interests and the remaining portion was assigned to them on October 18, 1955. The work remaining consists of additional seepage protection and other minor remedial measures. FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1039 The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $7,232,330 from regular funds, $7,454 from emergency relief funds, and $295,- 622 from contributed funds, a total of $7,535,406. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..-. . $1,400,000 $821,000 $1,100,000 $655,000 -$56,300 $7,318,854 Cost----------------.. 196,468 1,185,995 1,910,593 744,260 68,695 7,239,784 1 Includes $7,454 emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_._------ $71, 482 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 71, 482 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------..........----------. $246,262 $60,000 _ 1 -$10,640 $295, 622 Cost_ -_- - 92,186 172,938 $20,940 9,558 295,622 1Refund of $10,640.41 to Sanitation District No. 1 of Campbell and Kenton Counties. 8. CINCINNATI, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The project is located in the city of Cincinnati on the right bank of the Ohio River, in Hamilton County, Ohio, 472.5 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The project consists of a barrier dam across Mill Creek near its mouth, and a concrete wall, with appurtenant works, extending from the east bank of the creek along the Ohio River to high ground near the intersection of Baymiller and Ken- yon Streets. The project protects Mill Creek Valley and a small portion of the riverfront section of Cincinnati against Ohio River floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot free- board. The barrier dam includes a pumping installation to dis- pose of discharges of Mill Creek (drainage area 165 square miles) into the Ohio River during flood periods. The entire project in- volved the construction of a barrier-dam pumphouse including pumps, motors and all necessary electrical and other mechanical equipment; appropriate outlet works to pass Mill Creek discharges during normal periods; 600 feet of levee and 820 feet of wall be- tween the western abutment of the dam and pumphouse; and about 5,660 linear feet of concrete wall to form the eastern closure of the dam. The project also provides gates, drainage-disposal facilities, and other appurtenant works. 1040 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The estimated Federal cost of the project (1956) is $10,118,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $1,028,000. The project was selected for construction under the general au- thorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Con- trol Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. All requirements have been fulfilled. Dur- ing the fiscal year 1945, modifications of the Evans Street sewer were performed with funds in the amount of $10,693 furnished by the city of Cincinnati. During fiscal years 1947 and 1948, funds in the amounts of $174,283 and $6,874, respectively, were supplied by the city of Cincinnati for sewer modifications near Carr Street and relocation of traffic gates. This work is beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project. The funds furnished were in excess of total expenditures for this work by an amount of $20,123, which has been returned to the city. Operations and results during fiscal year. The preparation of the operation and maintenance manual was completed. Routine maintenance of the project was accomplished by local interests. Operation of the project during the 1955-56 flood season resulted in preventing flood damages to the city estimated at $1,075,000. The costs during the fiscal year were $13,118 from regular funds for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started on 17 October 1941 and the assignment to local interests for operation and maintenance was made on March 1, 1948. Ad- ditional seepage protection remains to be accomplished. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $9,969,390 from regular funds, and $9,360 from emergency relief funds, a total of $9,978,750. In addition, surplus property valued at $19,959 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 "2 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated- ....- -$27,100 $22,100 ----------------------- $15, 500 $9, 993, 260 Cost----------------- 2,362 29,098 $156 $1,215 13,118 9,978,750 1In addition $171,727 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2 Includes $9,360 emergency relief funds and $650,000 from appropriation 21X3113,010 flood control general refund to the city of Cincinnati, repayment of funds advanced. 3 In addition, surplus property value at $19,95) was transferred to the project without reimburse- ment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------- $5, 494 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ____ -____ _______ -______- ___ 5, 494 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------- __ 124, 740 FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1041 9. WEST FORK OF MILL CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The site of the West Fork of Mill Creek Dam is on the west fork of Mill Creek 6.5 miles above its junction with Mill Creek and 2 miles northeast of Mount Healthy, Ohio, and about 10 miles north of downtown Cincinnati. The reservoir extends up- stream about 3 miles and lies within Hamilton County, Ohio. Existing project. The project consists of a reservoir for flood control, recreation, and reduction of pumping requirements at the Mill Creek barrier dam in Cincinnati. It includes the dam, which consists of an earth embankment with a maximum height of about 100 feet, and a total length of 1,100 feet, a gate-controlled concrete conduit 10.5 feet in diameter under the embankment along the right abutment, and an uncontrolled spillway through the right abutment ridge, and appurtenant works. A permanent pool at elevation 675 having an area of 183 acres is provided. The stor- age between elevations 675 and 702 amounting to 9,850 acre-feet, which is equivalent to 6.3 inches of runoff from the 29.5 square miles of drainage area above the dam, is utilized for reduction of flooding in the Mill Creek Valley as well as reduction of pumping requirements at the Mill Creek barrier dam of the Cincinnati local flood-protection project. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1955) is $2,976,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $570,801 which amount in- cludes $50,000 contributed in fulfillment of project authorization. The estimated annual cost for operation and maintenance of the project (1956) is $35,000. The latest published map is contained in House Document 198, 80th Congress, 1st session. The existing project was selected for construction under the ad- ditional authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. Local cooperation. The authorization required local interests to release necessary land under their control at no cost to the United States and give assurances that they would prevent future channel encroachment below the dam site in connection with the flood control reservoir. For enlargement of the reservoir to in- clude a conservation pool, local interest would contribute one-half the additional cost of such pool, including one-half the cost of relo- cation of sanitary sewer, and agree to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from its provision. The board of county commissioners of Hamilton County, Ohio, adopted a reso- lution on October 8, 1947, signifying willingness to fulfill local co- operation requirements including the provision of the conservation pool. Assurances of local cooperation were executed on the same date. A contract with the United States for the relocation of the sanitary sewer outside the reservoir area in order to include the conservation pool in the project was accepted by Hamilton County, in which the United States paid one-half the cost of such reloca- tion work. The amount of $50,000, required as a local contribution toward 1042 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the additional cost of providing the conservation pool, was furn- ished by the Hamilton County Commissioners. The Hamilton County Park district has undertaken the develop- ment and management of recreation facilities in the reservoir area for use of the public in accordance with license granted by the Secretary of the Army on October 31, 1951. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work in connection with the acquisition of lands was continued. Installation of rain- fall and stream-gaging equipment was completed. Routine oper- ations and maintenance were performed during the year. Oper- ation of the reservoir during the fiscal year resulted in preventing flood damage to downstream areas estimated at $23,000. The costs during the fiscal year were $7,684 for new work, and $25,527 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in March 1949 and completed December 1952 except for minor items of work. The work remaining at the end of the fiscal year consists of the completion of land acquisitions and the settle- ment of pending claim. The reservoir has been in operation since December 1952. The total costs for new work to the end of the fiscal year were $2,960,978 from regular funds, and $50,000 from contributed funds, a total of $3,010,978. The total costs for operation and maintenance to the end of the fiscal year were $87,177. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$400,000 -$60,000 ------------- $18,100------------. $2,963,600 Cost--.--.---------. 599,339 794,680 $61,681 8,038 $7,684 2,960,978 Maintenance: ------------------- Appropriated........ 19,000 24,840 20,890 24,900 89,630 Cost_.------- --- 16,535 21,446 23,670 25,527 87,178 1 In addition, $50,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 . _----- $2, 611 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 2, 611 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- 12,400 10. JACKSON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Breathitt County on the North Fork of the Ken- tucky River. Existing project. The project consists of excavation of a flood channel across the neck of an oxbow bend. The channel has a length of about 150 feet, a base width of 200 feet and a depth of about 60 feet. It will reduce flood heights at Jackson, Ky., from 4 to 6 feet on all floods, resulting in the elimination of 75 percent of the flood damage now sustained by the city. FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1043 The estimated Federal cost of the project (1956) is $152,000, the non-Federal cost is $3,000. The project was selected for construction under the additional authorization for Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. Local cooperation. Officials of Jackson, Ky., have adopted a resolution giving assurances of local cooperation. All rights-of- way necessary for the project have been acquired by local interests. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of plans and specifications for construction of the project was completed. A contract was awarded March 30, 1956, but initiation of con- struction was delayed until late June due to high water conditions. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,902 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction started late in June 1956 under continuing contract. The work remaining con- sists of completion of construction. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $9,734 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...... -$20 ----------------------- $12,000 $138,183 $152,063 Cost 67 -_ -------- 3,952 3,902 9,734 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ _ $31,729 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 31, 729 11. BUCKHORN RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The site of Buckhorn Dam is situated on the Middle Fork of Kentucky River, about 43.4 miles above its mouth, and 0.5 mile upstream from the village of Buckhorn, Kentucky. The reservoir will extend upstream a distance of about 34 miles and will lie in Lesile and Perry Counties, Ky. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a reservoir for flood control and recreation. It includes an earth and rockfill dam with a maximum height of 162 feet and a length of 1,020 feet, a gate-controlled concrete conduit 14 feet in diameter under the embankment along the toe of the right abutment, a gate-controlled spillway cut through the right abutment ridge about 3,000 feet upstream from the dam, and appurtenances. A permanent pool elevation 757, having a capa- city of 10,300 acre-feet and a surface area of 555 acres, is in- cluded in the plan. The storage between elevations 757 and 840, a capacity of 157,750 acre-feet which is equivalent to 7.7 inches of runoff from the 409 square miles of drainage area above the dam, would be reserved for flood control. Also included in the project are the acquisition of necessary lands and flowage ease- 1044 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ments, clearing the permanent pool area of all timber and brush, relocation of Kentucky Highway 28, and alteration of Kentucky Highway 257. The estimated cost of new work (1956) is $6,615,000 for con- struction and $3,885,000 for lands and damages, a total of $10,500,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the con- struction of the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys, foundation explorations and engineering studies were continued. The prep- aration of the general and the outlet works design memoranda was completed and plans and specifications for the outlet works initiated during the fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $87,646 for new work. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Design memoranda Nos. 1 and 2 were complete and preparation of plans and specifications for outlet works was 50 percent complete. There has been no con- struction started on this project. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $134,760 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -- ------------------------------------ $50,000 $88,500 $138,500 Cost--------- ------------------------------------ 47,114 87,646 134,760 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- -- $2, 679 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - - --------- fiscal -- 1,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - 1, 002, 679 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 9, 361, 500 12. JEFFERSONVILLE-CLARKSVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. The Jeffersonville-Clarksville area is located in Clark County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 603 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The local protection project consists of a sys- tem of levees, concrete walls and pumping plants; section I, an earth levee 19,630 feet in length, including 7,030 feet of roadway levee and 12,600 feet of new earth levee, extending from high ground near Silver Creek and Emery Crossing Road along the right bank of the Ohio River to the foot of Smyser Avenue in Clarksville; section II, unit 1, 8,810 feet of concrete wall extending FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1045 along the right bank of the Ohio River from near the foot of Penn Street downstream to the vicinity of Smyser Avenue to join with section I; section II, unit 2b, 450 feet of concrete wall and 1,540 feet of new earth levee extending from high ground near Jefferson and High Streets to join unit 1 near Penn Street; section II, unit 2a, 5,570 feet of new earth levee across low ground northeast of Jeffersonville; 10 pumping plants for the disposal of interior drainage, and appurtenant works. The project provides protection for the adjoining municipalities of Jefferson, Clarksville, and Claysburg, and approximately 3.8 square miles of contiguous agricultural and suburban areas against Ohio River floods equal to the flood of 1937 (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $4,261,000 of which an amount not exceeding $166,320 may be applied to lands and damages; the estimated non-Federal cost is $591,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. On March 15, 1940, the President approved a waiver of 36 percent of the estimated cost of lands, easements and rights-of-way, under the provisions of section 8 of the Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. The construction for remedial work on drainage structures was completed. Routine maintenance was performed by local interests. There was no flood during the year which required operation of the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $5,788 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in July 1940 and completed in October 1949. The project has been assigned to local interests for operation and mainte- nance. Additional seepage protection remains to be accomplished. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,206,806 from regular funds and $3,953 from emergency relief funds, a total of $4,210,759, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- $6,500 $24, 700 $9,000 224,107 $4, Cost........... .... 1,464 $1,663 $3,195 18,506 5,788 4,210,759 1Includes $3,953 emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------ $10, 167 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-____ _____ _ 10,167 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------------- 36, 893 1046 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 13. LOUISVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. Louisville is located in Jefferson County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River, 607 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. Local protection works consist of a system of levees, concrete walls and pumping plants; section A, including 941 feet of earth levee and 9,313 feet of concrete wall, extending from high ground northeast of the intersection of Brownsboro Road and Mellwood Avenue downstream across Beargrass Creek in a west- erly direction to high ground near the interesection of Preston and Main Streets; section B, including 6,052 feet of earth levee and 8,896 feet of concrete wall, extending from high ground near Fourth and Main Streets downstream along the left bank of the Ohio River to the approach fill of the Kentucky and Indiana terminal railroad bridge; section C, including 9,024 feet of earth levee, extending from the lower end of section B downstream along the northwest edge of the city area to high ground along North- western Parkway and the west end of Main Street; section D, in- cluding 7,368 feet of earth levee and 2,725 feet of concrete wall, extending from high ground in Shawnee Park downstream along the river bank to a point near the corporate limits of the city of Louisville; section E, including 43,997 feet of earth levee and 94 feet of concrete wall, extending downstream from the lower end of section D along the river bank to the mouth of Cane Run ditch, thence upstream along the right bank of this ditch and Big Run ditch to high ground at United States Highways No. 31W and 60 near Greenwood Avenue; 13 pumping plants for disposal of in- terior drainage; and other appurtenant structures. The project provides protection for the city of Louisville, Ky., and adjacent highly developed county area at the southwestern limits of the city against Ohio River floods equal to the flood of 1.937 (maximum of record). The estimated Federal cost of new work (1956) is $24,697,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $2,500,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Bond issue to cover rights-of-way costs was voted on November 5, 1940. Formal assurances of local coopera- tion, dated February 28, 1941, have been furnished in accordance with a resolution of the board of aldermen of the city of Louisville adopted February 25, 1941. A supplemental resolution adopted by the board of aldermen on August 24, 1953, which assured ful- fillment of local cooperation requirements for section AA, was withdrawn on March 4, 1955, on the basis that the protection was not desired by occupants and property owners within the area to be protected. Rights-of-way for sections A, B, C, D, E, and 13 pumping plants have been acquired. The funds contributed for joint design, engineering studies, and construction of interior drainage facilities beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project total $1,615,700, of which $26,057 was FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1047 contributed by the city of Louisville and $1,589,643 was contri- buted by the Louisville and Jefferson County metropolitan sewer district. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of Beargrass Creek pumping plant was completed. The construction of miscellaneous additional remedial work was initiated. Bids were opened June 26, 1956 for construction of additional seepage protection. Preparation of operation and maintenance manual was continued. Local interests performed routine maintenance of the previously assigned portion of the project. There was no flood during the year which required operation of the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,134,458 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in March 1947 and was completed in March 1956 except for minor additional and remedial work. The additional work presently under construction was 75 percent complete. The entire project except for Beargrass Creek pumping plant has been assigned to local interests for operation and maintenance. Two of the three scheduled volumes of the operation and mainte- nance manual were complete. The work remaining consists of completion of the construction for additional work and additional seepage control, and preparation of the operation and maintenance manual. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $24,054,076 from regular funds, $8,902 from emergency relief funds and $1,615,700 from contributed funds, a total of $25,678,678, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ..... $4, 500,000 $4, 229,000 -$442, 691 $1,082, 691 $1,109,403 $24,657,197 Cost-_ ______--- - 2,699,998 2,660,746 3,930,610 2,006,767 1,134,458 24,062,978 1Includes $8,902 emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $261, 109 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957________________________________ 261, 109 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 39, 803 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1953 1954 1955 1952 New work: Appropriated -------- $208,193 $307,716 $3,200 1 -$900 --------..... $1,615,700 Cost..---- --.---. 312,043 360,344 2,789 423 ---------.....-- 1,615,700 1 Refund to Louisville and Jefferson Co. Metropolitan Sewer Dist. ($900). 1048 REPORT OF THE. CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 14. NEW ALBANY, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. In Floyd County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 608 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The improvement consists of 2.8 miles of earth levee, 0.7 mile of concrete wall, 6 pumping plants and other necessary appurtenant structures. The main portion of the levee and walls begins at high ground near Glenwood Court and extends downstream along the right bank of Silver Creek to the right bank of the Ohio River, thence downstream along the bank of the river across Falling Run Creek to high ground at Main Street. Also included is a short section of levee across Slate Run Creek near its entrance into Silver Creek. The project will provide protection for the city of New Albany, Ind., against Ohio River floods equal to the flood of 1937 (maxi- mum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $5,315,359; the estimated non-Federal cost is $740,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. The New Albany Flood Control District was organized on June 4, 1946, by order of the Floyd County circuit court. Assurances of local cooperation were executed by this district on March 15, 1947. Acquisition of rights-of-way is complete. Over the past 5-year period, formal requests have been made of local interests to furnish necessary ponding areas. None of these areas have been acquired. The city of New Albany has contributed $31,989 for modification of sewers in connection with floodwall construction and $91,869 has been paid by Southern Railway Co. for provision of additional enbankment along the levee for a distance of 5,400 feet, from a point about 300 feet from the downstream end of the levee to East Fourth Street, on which to relocate their main track. This work is beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project. Operations and results during fiscal year. The construction of remedial work on drainage facilities was initiated and completed. Local interests performed routine maintenance on the project. There was no flood during the year which required operation of the project. The costs during fiscal year were $15,050 for new work. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in March 1948 and completed in July 1954. The project was assigned to local interests for maintenance and oper- ation on July 24, 1954. Additional seepage protection remains to be done. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $5,301,689 from regular funds, $3,278 from emergency relief funds and $123,858 from contributed funds, a total of $5,428,825, all for new work. FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1049 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated___------ $75,000 $329,000 -$124,259 _$5,315,359 Cost-------------- 750,384 1,257,767 777,379 $63,116 $15,050 5,304,967 1 Includes $3,278 emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $10, 391 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_____________________________ 10,391 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-....... $123,989 1 -$27, 000 .... -$3,131 2 $123,858 Cost----------------- 24,038 88,600 $11,220 3,131 ____________ 123,858 1 Refund to Southern Railway Company. 2 Includes $31,989 by city of New Albany and $91,869 by Southern Railway Company. 15. CANNELTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. Cannelton is located in Perry County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 724 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The project consists of 2,269 feet of earth levee, beginning at high ground 450 feet southwest of the inter- section of St. Louis and Long Avenues and extending in a westerly direction to the bank of the Ohio River at the end of Hafele Street; 4,790 feet of concrete wall, extending from the lower end of the levee downstream along the bank of the Ohio River on the riverside of Front Street to the intersection of Herzeele Street, thence in a northerly direction along the Southern Railway tracks to a point near the intersection of Second and Hunt Streets; 1,351 feet of earth levee, extending from the lower end of the concrete wall in a northerly direction to high ground at the northwestern limits of the city; 3 pumping plants for disposal of interior drainage; and other appurtenant structures. The project provides protection for the city of Cannelton, Ind., against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The current estimated cost of new work (1956) is $1,941,400; the estimated non-Federal cost is $40,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. Local cooperation. Formal assurances of local cooperation dated August 14, 1945, have been furnished in accordance with a resolution of the city council of Cannelton adopted on the same 1050 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 date. The rights-of-way for the levee section were approved on January 27, 1947, and all rights-of-way for the wall section and the pumping plants have been acquired. Formal requests have been made of local interests to furnish necessary areas for ponding at Castleberry Creek and 4th Street Ditch pumping plants. These areas have not been acquired. Operations and results during fiscal year. Seepage control in- vestigation and protection were initiated and completed. Reme- dial work to drainage structures was accomplished. Local in- terests performed routine maintenance during the year. There was no flood during the year which required operation of the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $9,863 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in March 1947 and completed in October 1950. The project was assigned to local interests for operation and mainte- nance on October 24, 1950. Work remaining to be done consists of installation of air vents and vacuum-priming equipment at pumping station. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,926,511 from regular funds and $239 from emergency relief funds, a total of $1,926,750 all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-....... -$74,000 $2,395 $16,000 -$11,000 $22,500 $1,941,400 Cost ----------------- 17,401 3,641 1,032 1,970 9,863 1,926,750 1 Includes $239 emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -- _--- $12, 086 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____-_ 12, 086 16. TELL CITY, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. Tell City is located in Perry County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 726.8 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The local protection project consists of a sys- tem of levees and concrete floodwalls having the following features : section I, an earth levee, 2,900 feet in length, extending from high ground near the corner of Eighth and Lafayette Streets along the bank of the Ohio River to Fourth Street between Tell and Fulton Streets, and a closure levee, 750 feet in length, along the north side of Payne Street; section II, concrete flood wall, 6,200 feet in length, extending from the upstream end of section I along the bank of the Ohio River to high ground at City Boundary Street; 2 pumping plants for the disposal of interior drainage; and appur- tenant structures. FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1051 The project will provide protection for Tell City, and will afford a freeboard of 3 feet above a flood equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in 1937. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. The (1955) estimated Federal cost of the project is $921,000; the actual non-Federal cost is $32,700. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. The remedial work for drainage structures was initiated and completed. Routine maintenance was accomplished by local interests. Operation of the project during the 1955-56 flood season resulted in preventing flood damages estimated at $95,000. The costs during the fiscal year were $21,876 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started on December 17, 1938 and completed during fiscal year 1941. The project was transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance on October 26, 1943. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $919,981 from regular funds and $495 from emergency relief funds, a total of $920,476. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -- - __ ____________ ________ __ _____ $24,900 -$2,085 $920,476 Cost___ - _._ ---- -$2,296 --- 939 21,876 920,476 1Includes $495 emergency relief funds. 17. ROUGH RIVER RESERVOIR AND CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The dam site for this project is on Rough River, 89.3 miles above its confluence with Green River, about 160.3 miles above the Ohio'River and is located about 60 miles southwest of Louisville, Ky. The reservoir will extend upstream a distance of about 30 miles and will be situated in Breckinridge, Grayson, and Hardin Counties, Ky. The channel improvement work is located on Rough River, Barnett Creek, and North Fork of Barnett Creek. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a dam for flood control and conservation. It in- cludes a rolled earthfill dam with a maximum height of 124 feet and a length of 1,530 feet, a gate-controlled concrete conduit 12 feet in diameter under the embankment along the toe of the right abutment, an uncontrolled spillway through a saddle on the left abutment, and appurtenant works. A conservation pool at ele- vation 465, having a capacity of 19,050 acre-feet and a surface area of 1,600 acres, is included in the plan. The storage between ele- 1052 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 vations 465 and 524.0, a capacity of 303,650 acre-feet which is equivalent to 12.68 inches of runoff from the 449 square miles of drainage area above the dam is reserved for flood control. Also included in the project are the acquisition of necessary lands and flowage easements, clearing the conservation pool area of all timber and brush, and relocations or alterations of State High- ways 110, 108, and 65 which will be affected by the reservoir. The authorized channel improvements, located in Ohio County, Ky., consists of clearing the banks and minor channel cleaning of the Rough River Channel from its mouth at Livermore, Ky., to the mouth of Caney Creek, a distance of 64 miles; channel rectification on Barnett Creek from its mouth to mile 6.7; and channel rectifica- tion on the North Fork Barnett Creek, a tributary which enters Barnett Creek at mile 6.15, from its mouth to mile 2.3. The estimated cost of new work revised in 1956 is $9,320,000 for the reservoir; $868,000 Federal cost for Rough River bank clearing and channel cleaning, and $4,000 non-Federal; $112,000 Federal cost for the Barnett Creek section and $18,000 non-Federal. The latest published map is contained in House Document 535, 78th Congress, 2d session. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Modification of the previously approved plan to include the channel improvement items was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the con- struction of the reservoir unit. The provisions of section 3 of the Flood Control Act of 1936, are applicable to the channel improve- ments. Operations and results during fiscal year. The construction of the outlet works and access road to the dam site was initiated by continuing contract during the year. Land necessary for the con- struction under contract was acquired. The costs during fiscal year were $315,630 for new work. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the project was started November 8, 1956, and ground breaking cere- mony was held November 18, 1956. The outlet works and access road to the dam site contract was 20 percent complete on June 30, 1956. Acquisition of lands and damages was about 3 percent complete. The remaining work for the reservoir consists of completion of construction for the outlet works and access road, spillway, dam, appurtenances, highway and utility relocations, and acquisition of lands and flowage easements. There has been no construction on the channel improvements. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $449,484 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1053 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated____._ __----_ _ __----_ $32,501 $2,500 $500,000 $633,842 .. --- Cost---... _--_-_ ..-.... - ...__40,683 4,177 315,630 449,484 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ $42, 528 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ____ _-_ _1,500, ___ - 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ____--------- 1,542,528 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _-- _---------- 8, 166, 158 18. EVANSVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. Evansville is located in Vanderburgh County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 792.2 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system of levees and concrete floodwalls. It con- sists of the following features: Knight Township section extends along the bank of the Ohio River from high ground, near the intersection of Pollack Avenue and Fuquay Road to the upstream end of Dress Plaza, and includes 39,700 feet of new earth levee, 140 feet of concrete wall, 5 pumping plants for the disposal of in- terior drainage and appurtenances; Pigeon Creek section includes 22,000 feet of new earth levee, 8,400 feet of concrete wall, 7 pump- ing plants and appurtenances, and extends from the downstream end of the Knight Township section along the Ohio River to the mouth of Pigeon Creek where it turns upstream along the left bank of this stream to high ground near Olmstead Avenue, about 800 feet east of North Heidelbach Avenue; a small closure levee 1,140 feet in length near Blue Grass Road north of Highway 62 is also included in the Pigeon Creek section; Howell section ex- tends along the right bank of Pigeon Creek from high ground near Highways 65 and 66 to high ground near the mouth of this creek, and from high ground, near Southern Indiana Gas & Electric Co. power plant, along the bank of the Ohio River to the Louisville & Nashville Railroad yards, then north to high ground near the American Woodcraft Corp. plant, and includes 15,000 feet of new earth levee, 3,700 feet of roadway levee, 3,940 feet of concrete wall, 8 pumping plants and appurtenant structures. The project will provide protection for the city of Evansville, Ind., against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record), with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated cost of new work (1956) is $12,100,000; the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $1,690,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the 1054 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation was fur- nished by the City of Evansville, Ind., in the adoption of an ordi- nance on April 26, 1938. The rights-of-way for sections of the work have been approved as follows: Knight Township section, June 13, 1939; Knight Township pumping plants, May 27, 1941; Howell section, unit 1, September 5, 1951, October 6, 1941 and April 20, 1942 (includes pumping plants). Operations and results during fiscal year. No work was per- formed or costs incurred during the year. Operation of completed portion of the project during the 1955-56 flood season resulted in preventing flood damages estimated at $124,000. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in June 1939 and Knight Township section and Howell, unit 1, section and the pumping plants for these sections were com- pleted at the end of fiscal year 1948. The completed portion of the project has been turned over to local interests for operation and maintenance. The work remaining consists of completion of planning and construction of Pigeon Creek section, Howell section, unit II, and the pumping plants for each of these sections. Reme- dial work to drainage structure also remains to be accomplished. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $2,215,744 from regular funds and $11,812 from emergency relief funds, a total of $2,227,556. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .. ..-------- .. ---------.. -$69,196----------------------- $12,000 $2,239,556 $3,408 70 -2 Cost ..............-----------------.. --. ..-.-........... 2,227,556 1Includes $11,812 emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ $12, 000 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -_-____ 50, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 62, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ 9, 810, 444 19. UNIONTOWN, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Union County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River, 842 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The project consists of 9,996 feet of new earth levee, 4 pumping plants, and other necessary appurtenances. The levee around the city of Uniontown begins at high ground about 950 feet southeast of the intersection of Waller and Seventh Streets; extends northwestward for a distance of about 3,000 feet to the edge of the second bottom at the southern limits of the city; FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1055 thence in a northeasterly direction for about 5,500 feet along the edge of the second bottom to the intersection of Watson and Wash- ington Streets at the northern limits of the city; thence in a south- easterly direction along the riverside of Watson Street to high ground at the northeastern limits of the city. The project provides protection for the city of Uniontown, Ky., against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot free- board. The current (1956) estimated cost of new work is $1,071,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $72,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. The construction of remedial work for drainage structures was initiated and com- pleted. Routine maintenance was accomplished by local interests. Operation of the project during the year prevented flood damages estimated at $10,500. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,537 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in July 1948 and completed in November 1952. Opera- tion and maintenance of the project was assigned to local interests on May 18, 1951. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $1,070,926 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ... _ _.... __9 $1,580 _---$5,300 _ -$880 $1,070,926 Cost -- -_____- __ ... $3,187 9,369_ 883 3,537 1,070,926 20. MANSFIELD RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. The site of Mansfield Dam is on Raccoon Creek 32.4 miles above its confluence with Wabash River. The reservoir at flood-control pool level will extend upstream about 15 miles and will lie in Parke and Putnam Counties, Ind. The project is located in west central Indiana 50 miles west of Indianapolis and 25 miles northeast of Terre Haute, Ind. Existing project. The improvement plan provides for the con- construction of a reservoir for flood control and recreation. It includes a rolled-earthfill dam across the valley with a maximum height of 113 feet and a length of 1,790 feet, an earth dike across a saddle on the right abutment ridge 1,520 feet long with a maxi- mum height of 25 feet, a gate-controlled concrete conduit 10 feet in diameter under the embankment along the toe of the right abutment, a spillway cut through a saddle on the left abutment, relocations of U. S. Highway No. 36 and two oil lines, and altera- 1056 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 tions of three gas lines and two secondary roads. A permanent pool at elevation 640, having a capacity of 16,185 acre-feet and a surface area of 1,100 acres, is included in the plan. The storage between elevation 640 and 690, a capacity of 132,840 acre-feet which is equivalent to 11.98 inches of runoff from the 208 square miles of drainage area above the dam, would be reserved for flood control. Also included in the project are clearing the permanent pool of all timber and brush, and the acquisition of necessary lands and flowage easements. The estimated cost of new work (1956) is $4,010,000 for con- struction and $3,530,000 for lands and damages, a total of $7,540,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. The State of Indiana by the Department of Con- servation has indicated a willingness to participate in the develop- ment of recreation facilities in the reservoir area for public use. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys, foundation explorations and engineering studies were continued. Design memoranda 1, 2, and 3, and plans and specifications for outlet works were prepared during fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $89,654 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Three design memoranda were completed, as follows: No. 1, Reservoir and Spillway Capacities; No. 2, General; and, No. 3 Outlet Works. Preparation of plans and specifications for the construction of the outlet works was com- plete. All planning prior to initiation of construction was com- plete. There has been no construction started on this project. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $192,805 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated ....... Cost----------------- -$34,530 ------------ $28,000 $50,000 $93,000 $196,470 2,797 ------------ 22,319 55,362 89,654 192,805 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ $1, 880 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ ____________ __ ___________--- _ 501,880 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__ _-________________ 6, 843, 530 FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1057 21. MASON J. NIBLACK LEVEE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. The site of the Mason J. Niblack levee is situated in Knox County, Ind., on the left bank of the Wabash River between miles 134.8 and 151.8 above the mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of 5.8 miles of new earth levee, 1.3 miles of levee enlarge- ment, 7.2 miles of levee setback, 3.7 miles of levee turnover and other necessary appurtenances. It will provide protection to ap- proximately 15,620 acres of overflow land against agricultural season floods. Flood stages equal to or in excess of established protection grade may be expected to occur on an average of seven times in each 100-year period. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1956) is $2,830,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $226,000. The latest published map is contained in House Document 197, 80th Congress, 1st ses- sion. The existing project has been selected for construction under the additional authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1956. Local cooperation. The landowners in the affected area are in the process of petitioning the local court for the formation of a levee and drainage district under Indiana State law. Assurances of local cooperation are expected when this action has been com- pleted. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Advanced engineer- ing studies were delayed due to awaiting local cooperation assur- ances. Expenditures were in connection with the current local petition. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,853 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Surveys, foundation explora- tions and preparation of design memorandum were 51 percent com- plete. Construction of the project has not been started. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $37,927 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending'June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated-...... -$15,926 -------------------------------- $60,000 $94,074 Cost----------------- 1,948 --------------------- 3,853 37,927 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $56, 147 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__________________________________ 56,147 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ ______________ 2, 735,926 1058 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 22. VINCENNES, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. In Knox County, Ind., on the left bank of the Wabash River, 128 miles above the mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of 3.9 miles of earth levee, 0.5 mile of levee enlargement, 0.8 mile of concrete wall, 5 pumping plants, alteration of 3 rail- road bridges and other necessary appurtenances. It will provide protection for the city of Vincennes, Ind., against Wabash River floods equal to the maximum of record. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1956) is $4,570,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $285,000. The latest published map is contained in House Document 197, 80th Congress, 1st ses- sion. The existing project was selected for construction under the additional authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation in accord- ance with the city council resolution were executed on November 28, 1951. Acquisition of rights-of-way for Section A, parts 1 and 2 and section B, part 1 is completed and the remainder is under way. Operations and results during fiscal year. Planning for the 5 pumping plants and for section B, part 2 was continued during the year. The completion of design studies for work under con- tract by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad for the alteration of their bridge and approaches was delayed due to awaiting acquisition of necessary rights-of-way. The costs during the fiscal year were $29,569 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in May 1952 and was 35 percent complete at end of fiscal year. The construction of section A, parts 1 and 2, and section B, part 1, was complete. Design studies for the alteration of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge and approaches were well ad- vanced. Plans and specifications for the construction of section B, part 2, and for the pumping plants were 5 and 85 percent com- plete, respectively. The work remaining consists of completion of planning for section B, part 2, the pumping plants and bridge alterations, and the construction of these features. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $1,525,172 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1059 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $300,000 $498,000 $1,200,000 $500,000 $584,000 $3,172,000 Cost---- -----.... 100,934 510,305 515,498 301,579 29,569 1,525,172 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ ___ $1, 131, 777 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ - - - 100, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-______ 1, 231, 777 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_________________________ 1, 298, 000 23. MUNCIE, IND., FLOODWALL AND CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT Location. Muncie is located in Delaware County, Ind., on the White River, 322 miles above its mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of a system of levees, concrete floodwalls, and channel excavation, consisting of the following features: channel excava- tion in three locations, totaling 20,000 feet in length, along the White River, extending from a point 11/4 miles below the Tillotson Avenue Bridge upstream to Macedonia Street; right bank con- struction, including 13,400 feet of new boulevard levee and 2,650 feet of new earth levee, the underpinning and repair of 1,150 feet of existing concrete wall, and the construction of 1,180 feet of new concrete wall along Wheeling Avenue and Minnetrista Ave- nue; to provide protection for that portion of Muncie on the right bank of the river except a park area; left bank construction, in- cluding 2,300 feet of new concrete wall, 2,910 feet of new earth levee, 300 feet of riverside enlargement of existing earth levees, and 4,570 feet of landside enlargement of existing earth levees to provide complete protection for that portion of Muncie on the left bank of the river; 4 pumping plants for the disposal of interior drainage and appurtenant structures. The project provides protection for the city of Muncie, Ind., against a flood equal to the maximum flood of record which oc- curred in 1913. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1955) is $888,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $103,000. The latest published map is contained in House Document 100, 73d Con- gress, 1st session. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. The construction of remedial work for drainage structures was initiated and completed during the year. Local interests performed routine maintenance on the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $6,080 for new work. 1060 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 'Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started June 1940 and completed in May 1950. Operation and maintenance of the project was assigned to local interests on May 29, 1950. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $887,835 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ - -$4, 349- ......._-......... .. $7, 450 -$267 $887, 835 Cost___- _.--...--183 ----------------------- 1,103 6,080 887,835 24. CAGLES MILL RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. The site of the Cagles Mill Dam is on Mill Creek, 2.8 miles above its confluence with Eel River, and 7 miles west of Cloverdale, Ind. It is in Putnam County, Ind., and about 25 miles east of Terre Haute, Ind. Cagles Mill Reservoir extends upstream about 11 miles and is located in Putnam and Owen Counties, Ind. Existing project. The project consists of a reservoir for flood control and recreation. It includes the dam, which consists of an earth and rockfill embankment with a maximum height of 150 feet and a length of 900 feet, an outlet tunnel through the right abut- ment with control gates and stilling basin and an opencut spillway through a low point in the left abutment. A permanent pool at elevation 636, having a capacity of 27,100 acre-feet and an area of 1,400 acres, is provided. The storage between elevations 636 and 704, amounting to 201,000 acre-feet, which is equivalent to 12.8 inches of runoff from the 295 square miles of drainage area above the dam, is reserved for flood control. Also included in the project are the acquisition of necessary lands, clearing the permanent pool area of all timber and brush, and the relocation of a section of State Highway 42 which was affected by the reservoir. Operation of the project for flood control provides reduction of flood stages on the Eel, White, and Wabash Rivers and reduction in the contribu- tion of the Wabash River to Ohio River floods. The estimated cost of new work (1956) is $4,107,800. The (1956) estimated annual cost of maintenance and operation is $37,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. The State of Indiana has undertaken the development and management of recreation facilities for use of the public in the reservoir area in accordance with license granted by the Secretary of the Army on January 17, 1952. Operations and results during fiscal year. Routine operations FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1061 and maintenance were performed during the year. The operation of the reservoir during the 1955-56 flood season resulted in pre- venting flood damages along downstream valleys estimated at $1,119,000. The costs during the fiscal year were $26,947 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in July 1948 and completed at the end of fiscal year 1953. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $4,107,767 for new work and $94,433 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-....... -$400,000 -$19,000 _-------------$13,200 -$33 $4,107,767 Cost .---------------- 657,078 653,205 $96,841 4,107,767 7,105 ...----...----..... Maintenance: Appropriated_---- ........ _ __ - 21,000 27,360 21,150 27,100 96,610 Cost_--------------- _.-----.18,975 24,427 24,084 26,947 94,433 25. NEW HARMONY BRIDGE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, ILL. AND IND. Location. The New Harmony Bridge is located across the Wabash River at mile 51.5 above the mouth. The bank protection is located in White County, Ill., and Posey County, Ind., along the Wabash River at and above the bridge. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for bank protection and control works on the banks of the Wabash River to arrest bank caving conditions which are endangering the safety of the bridge structure. The bridge supports United States High- way No. 460 which is an important east-west traffic route in the Federal highway system. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $737,000; the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $65,000. The existing project was authorized in the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. Local cooperation. The owners of the New Harmony Bridge have indicated a willingness to fulfill the requirements of local co- operation. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work has not been started on the preparation of plans and specifications. Construction has not been started on this project. There have been no costs. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending Junie 30, 1957 $332, 000. 00 ------------------------------------------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-- 332, 000. 00 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------- _ 405, 000. 00 1062 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 26. PADUCAH, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. Paducah is located in McCracken County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River, 934.4 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system of levees and concrete floodwalls, con- sisting of the following features: Section A, an earth levee 13,920 feet in length, extending from high ground south of United States Highway No. 60, near Levin Avenue along the bank of the Ohio River to the foot of Terrell Street; section B, unit 1, includ- ing 530 feet of new earth levee and 7,100 feet of concrete wall, unit 2, including 2,730 feet of new earth levee and 8,770 feet of concrete wall, and a barrier dam, 367 feet long, across Island Creek, the entire section extending from the upstream end of section A along the bank of the Ohio River to the foot of Mill Street; section C, an earth levee, 31,520 feet in length, extending from the upstream end of section B in a general southerly direc- tion to high ground north of the Illinois Central Railroad bridge over Bee Slough, 12 pumping plants for the disposal of interior drainage and appurtenant structures. The project provides protection for Paducah, Ky., against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1956) is $4,701,000, of which an amount not exceeding $160,000 may be applied to lands and damages; the estimated non-Federal cost is $202,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. Local cooperation. On April 22, 1938, the President approved a waiver of 40 percent of the estimated cost of lands, easements, and rights-of-way under provisions of section 1 of the Flood Con- trol Act approved August 28, 1937. Rights-of-way for construc- tion have been furnished in accordance with this waiver. Acqui- sition of flowage easement in Bee Branch area outside of levee is pending. The project was assigned to local interest for operation and maintenance as of July 15, 1949. Operations and results during fiscal year. Planning for reme- dial work to drainage structures was completed and construction of this work was initiated by continuing contract. Routine main- tenance of the project was accomplished by local interests. Opera- tion of the project during the fiscal year prevented flood damages to the city estimated at $71,400. The costs during the fiscal year were $16,501 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in August 1939 and completed in January 1950. The current construction of remedial work to drainage structures is about 52 percent complete. The work remaining consists of com- pletion of the current construction, and final settlement for lands, easements and rights-of-way upon decision of pending court cases. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $4,667,189 from regular funds and $4,623 from emergency relief funds, a total of $4,671,812 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1063 Cost and financial summary Fiscafyear ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-........ . Cost- ------ __--- -___ -__ $46,362 - $86,889 36,745 ------------ $33,499 $293,113 272,870 $11,500 16,501 $4,695,374 4,671,812 1 Includes $4,623 emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------ _ $9, 606 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ ______-------_ 9,606 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __ _ 5, 626 27. BROOKPORT, OHIO RIVER BASIN, ILL. Location. Brookport is located in Massac County, Ill., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 937.4 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system of levees and concrete floodwalls, consist- ing of 18,900 feet of new earth levee, 760 feet of roadway levee, and 3,530 feet of concrete wall, extending south from high ground about 1 miles northeast of the city to the bank of the Ohio River, then along the bank of the Ohio River downstream to and across Davis Bayou, then in a general northerly direction to high ground about 1.2 miles northwest of the city and 1,000 feet west of U. S. Highway No. 45; 3 pumping plants for the disposal of interior drainage, and appurtenant structures. The project provides protection for Brookport, Ill., against Ohio River floods equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in 1937. The current (1956) estimated cost of the project is $602,700, of which an amount not exceeding $4,500 may be applied to lands and damages; the estimated non-Federal cost is $10,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Routine maintenance of the project was accomplished by local interests. Operation of the project during the fiscal year prevented flood damages esti- mated at $14,600. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in June 1940 and completed in May 1942, except for pur- chase and installation of movable closures which were completed in fiscal year 1949. The project was assigned to local interests for operation and maintenance May 14, 1949. Minor remedial work for drainage structures remains to be accomplished. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $592,257 from regular funds and $402 from emergency relief funds, a total of $592,659 for new work. 1064 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ....... Appropriated------------ ------------------------ .....-- $200 $10,000 $602,722 Cost_ - _ ___----_------_----__$1,501 ------------- 130 7 592,659 I Includes $402 emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $8, 386 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-_ ________________ ------ 8,386 28. OHIO RIVER BASIN, LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, floodwalls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Louisville, Ky., Dis- trict. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, authorized the construction of the levees, floodwalls, and drainage structures, for the protection of cities and towns in the Ohio River Basin, the projects to be selected by the Chief of En- gineers with the approval of the Secretary of War, in accordance with House Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, at a cost not to exceed $24,877,000 for construction, which was authorized to be appropriated for this purpose. The Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, approved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Com- mittee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifi- cations thereof as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and for initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan, authorized $75,000,000 for reservoirs and $50,300,000 for local flood protection works, the individual projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers subject to the provision that the authorization shall include the diversion of Cache River above Cairo, Ill., and the pro- tection of the area north of the Cairo drainage district by levees, at an estimated cost of $2,000,000. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the sum of $45,000,000 for the further prosecution of the compre- hensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the Ohio River Basin. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the sum of $70,000,000 for the further prosecution of the approved comprehensive flood-control plan for the Ohio River Basin. This act modified the previous plan within the Louisville District to include the plan of improvement for flood control and other pur- poses in the Kentucky River Basin in accordance with recom- mendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 504, FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1065 78th Congress, 2d session, flood protection works at Taylorsville, Ky., and on Rough River and tributaries, Kentucky, in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in Senate Docu- ment 105, 78th Congress, 1st session, and House Document 535, 78th Congress, 2d session, respectively. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the sum of $125,000,000 for further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the Ohio River Basin, modified within the Louisville District to include the plan of improvement for flood control in the Wabash River Basin, Ill., and Ind., substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 197, 80th Congress, 1st session, and the West Fork Reservoir on the West Fork of Mill Creek in Ohio, substantially in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 198, 80th Congress, 1st session. In addition to previous authorizations, the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized the sum of $100,000,000 for further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended. This act modified the comprehen- sive plan within the Louisville District to include necessary bank stabilization measures at the New Harmony Bridge, Indiana and Illinois at an estimated cost of $500,000. Also included in the act was the provision that the Mining City Dam and Reservoir, Ky., and alternates therefor, shall not be constructed if such construc- tion would have any adverse effect on Mammoth Cave National Park. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Louisville, Ky., District: Local Protection Projects Estimated cost Location 1 Type of protection Total Non- Federal Federal Adams Levee,7 Ind. (Wabash River) 9 _ Levee-----------_ --- $236,000 $13,000 $249,000 Alton, Ind. 8_........ ___-__- ....-.-. do--_ 255,000 40,000 295,000 Augusta, Ky.7 7 8 ----- Wall and levee---...--___. 1,220,000 620,000 1,840,000 Aurora, Ind. 8-...______.----- . 2 -- d.....------ o....do 4,300,000 1,190,000 5,490,000 Barnett Creek, Ky. 5 (Rough River Basin)_______________------------------ 7 Channel improvement__ 112,000 18,000 130,000 Bellevue, Ky. 8 Wall and levee_____--... 1,570,000 400,000 1,970,000 Bonpas Creek, Ill. (Wabash River Basin) ___ ______---------- --------- Channel improvement__ 534,000 246,000 780,000 Bromley, Ky. 7 8 ------ Wall and levee__------_ 1,250,000 925,000 2,175,000 Brookport, Ill.2__________do----------------- 602,700 10,000 612,700 California (Cincinnati) 2 Ohio 7 8______. _ ....do ----------- - 1,750,000 720,000 2,470,000 Cannelton, Ind.7 ___ ___ _ do__ _._____..__ ...- ... 1,941,400 _....__ 40,000 1,981,400 Carrollton, Ky. 8s -- ____.. __do _--------- ____ -2,220,000 97,000 2,317,000 Caseyville, Ky. 8s Levee----------------- ___ 396,000 35,000 431,000 Cave-in-Rock, 11.7 8.... _____do ---------------- 661,000 125,000 786,000 Chilo, Ohio 7 8--Wall and levee----------________ 899,000 120,000 1,019,000 Cincinnati, Ohio 2- - - Wall and barrier dam___ 10,118,000 1,028,000 11,146,000 Cincinnati, Ohio (Unit 2) 7 8_-...... _ Wall and levee .-. . 16,800,000 -.. 2,900,000 19,700,000 Cincinnati, Ohio (Unit 4 remainder) 7 8__ Wall.--..-------------- 14,900,000 621,000 15,521,000 Cleves, Ohio 7 8______ Levee .-. 1,240,000 67,000 1,307,000 Clinton, Ind. (Wabash 7 River) 7 8 _____....do _______ - _ 77,000 9,000 86,000 Cloverport, Ky.7 8____ ____ Wall and levee---_____ 728,000 193,000 921,000 Concordia, Ky. 2 8_________________ Levee-----------------590,000 55,000 645,000 Covington, Ky. Wall and levee ---------... 7,318,900 765,000 8,083,900 Dayton, Ky.7 8- .... ... . .... Wall and levee ..- 3,700,000 1,110,000 4,810,000 See footnotes at end of table. 1066 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Estimated cost Location 1 Type of protection Total Non- Federal Federal Deer Creek Prairie Levee, Ind. (Wabash River) 9.................. Levee_----------___ $171,000 $9,000 $180,000 Delphi, Ind.7 (Wabash River) 6 7________ .__..do__ --------- 144,563 10,000 154,563 Derby, Ind.7 8 ..---------------- .. Wall and levee ....... 553,000 67,000 620,000 Dover, Ky. 8------------------------ Levee _------ - 648,000 585,000 1,233,000 Elizabethtown, Ill.? 8-- - Wall and levee ......... 559,000 153,000 712,000 England Pond Levee, Ill. (Wabash River) 9 ------------------------- - Levee_- - -- - - -- - - 594,000 30,000 624,000 Evansville, Ind.7 9 --------------- Wall and levee -....- .- 12,100,000 1,690,000 13,790,000 Fletcher and Sunshine Gardens Levee, Ind. (Wabash River Basin) 9 -__-_____ Levee_ 439,000 24,000 463,000 Frankfort, Ky. (Kentucky River) 7 8 .. Wall and levee ...----- 2,930,000 1,110,000 4,040,000 Golconda, Ill.4 797 ----- ...-d o------ .--------- 488,300 29, 800 518,100 Grandview, Ind. 8 - Levee- --------------- 580,000 133,000 713,000 Greenfield Bayou Levee, Ind. (Wabash River) ------------------------------ -..do .. ..- -__ - 1,710,000 265,000 1,975,000 Harrisburg, 11.4 77__----------- ----- Wall and levee-_-----.......-- 849,656 20,000 869,656 Hawesville, Ky. ______________________ Levee_--------------- 971,000 68,000 1,039,000 Higginsport, Ohio 7 8 . Wall and levee.......---- 944,000 320,000 1,264,000 Honey Creek Levee, Ind. (Wabash River) 78s- - - Levee------------------ 653,000 32,000 685,000 Island Levee, Ind. (Wabash River) 9... Levee---------------- 1,380,000 226,000 1,606,000 Jackson, Ky. (Kentucky River Bain) 9__Cutoff channel_--------- 152,000 3,000 155,000 Jeffersonville-Clarksville, Ind.2_____ Wall and levee-------- ......... 4,261,000 591,000 4,852,000 Lawrensburg, Ind.8 7 7- - - - _do ........ ....... 2,433,414 284,725 2,718,139 Levenworth, Ind. 8___ _ Wall and levee- ........----- 1,470,000 266,000 1,736,000 Levee Unit 1, Eel River, Ind. (Wabash River Basin) 7 8___________ Levee................-------------- 204,000 40,000 244,000 Levee Unit 2, Eel River, Ind. (Wabash River Basin) 7 8------ .............. . . .... do........------------ 2,090,000 715,000 2,805,000 Levee Unit 1, Little Wabash River, Ill. (Wabash River Basin) 9------------- .... do---- ...... -------- 2,300,000 153,000 2,453,000 Levee Unit 2, Little Wabash River, Ill. (Wabash River Basin) 9---------.---. ..... do_______,,,_------- 1,480,000 70,000 1,550,000 Levee Unit 6, Wabash River, Ill. ....do................. (Wabash River Basin) 78_ ........... 1,160,000 56,000 1,216,000 Levee Unit 17, Wabash River, Ind. (Wabash River Basin) _ . ._______ ....do ---.....--------- 684,000 53,000 737,000 Levee Unit 1, White River, Ind. (Wa- bash River Basin) 9___________.__ ..... do ........------- 1,740,000 105,000 1,845,000 Levee Unit 2, White River, Ind. (Wa- bash River Basin) 9__..- _-_..do .......-------- 576,000 67,000 643,000 Levee Unit 7, White River, Ind. (Wa- bash River Basin) 9 9___________________ --------- .--- -__do 1,190,000 80,000 1,270,000 Lewisport, Ky.2 __ _ __ Wall and levee------ 498,000 220,000 718,000 Louisville, Ky. 7 . . ... do _-.... ---- --- 24,697,000 2,500,000 27,197,000 Ludlow, Ky. 8--------------------- 2,540,000 745,000 3,285,000 Madison, Ind.7 8___________ ----do ------------------ 3,820,000 360,000 4,180,000 Mason J. Niblack Levee, Ind. (Wabash River) 2---------------------------- Levee------------------- 2,830,000 226,000 3,056,000 Mauckport, Ind.7 8 ... do_------------ 506,000 105,000 611,000 McGinnis Levee, Ind. (Wabash River Basin) 78s ...................... -- ---- do .. . - 1,820,000 104,000 1,924,000 Metropolis, I11.7 8__________----- .. Wall and levee---------- 3,070,000 431,000 3,501,000 Milton, Ky.7 8 ...........---------.... 2,480,000 41,000 2,521,000 Moscow, Ohio 7 8 ------ Levee.-------------- 1,170,000 372,000 1,542,000 New Albany, Ind.2_. 7 Wall and levee---...------- 5,315,359 740,000 6,055,359 New Amsterdam, Ind. 8_____ __ 2 Levee------------------ 476,000 13,000 489,000 New Harmony Bridge, Ill. and Ind. 7 ... Bank protection _---- - 737,000 65,000 802,000 New Harmony, Ind. (Wabash River) 8__ Levee----------------- 616,000 25,000 641,000 New Richmond, 2 Ohio 7 8___ Wall and levee---------- 3,200,000 720,000 3,920,000 Newport, Ky. . .----- .------- ----- ...d o _.-- . --- do------------------ - - - - . .-- 7,200,000 299,000 7,499,000 Owensboro, Ky.7 2 _ s_______________________ . _do ___ . .. .. . 886,000 195,000 1,081,000 Paducah, Ky. 7 -__do--__------------- 4,701,000 202,000 4,903,000 Patroit, Ind. 8- 7 Levee------------------- 753,000 372,000 1,125,000 Prestonville, Ky. 8 Wall and levee.......... 1,710,000 55,000 1,765,000 Raccoon Levee, Ind. (Wabash River) 9__ Levee---....------------- 343,000 33,000 376,000 Reevesville, Ill. (Cache River) 87. __... ... do - .............. 600,300 40,000 640,300 Ripley, Ohio 7 8---------------------- 7 Wall and levee.........- 1,940,000 810,000 2,750,000 Rising Sun, Ind. 8_ _________ _____ .... do__-------------- 896,000 280,000 1,176,000 Rochester and McCleary's Bluff Levee, Ill. (Wabash 7River)9__ _._.._._.._.. Levee----------------- 924,000 110,000 1,034,000 Rockport, Ind. 7 8_________ .____ . Wall and levee........--- 466,000 133,000 599,000 Rome, Ind. 8 ....... ....... .... ..... Levee-_---------------- 359,000 67,000 426,000 Rough River, Ky. (Rough River) 2 __. Channel improvement__ 868,000 4,000 872,000 9 - - -Allison Russell and - - - - Levee, Ill. (Wabash -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- River) Levee------------------- 4,270,000 1,890,000 6,160,000 Shawneetown, 111.7s Wall and levee-------....... 1,810,000 361,000 2,171,000 FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1067 Estimated cost Location 1 Type of protection Total Non- Federal Federal Shufflebarger Levee, Ind. (Wabash River Basin) 77 8___________Levee ----.. - . $2,380,000 $90,000 $2,470,000 Smithland, Ky. 8s. ..... .......... Wall and levee---.....- - 864,000 414,000 1,278,000 Sturgis, Ky. (Tradewater River) 9- .-.-. Levee_----------- -_ 643,000 69,000 712,000 Sugar Creek Levee, Ind. (Wabash River 9_- .-------------- ... do ....-- ------- _ _..------------ 338,000 27,000 365,000 Taylorsville, Ky.2 (Salt River) 4 7-- do_-----------------. 373,050 63,310 436,360 Tell City,7 Ind. .......................... Wall and levee .---------- 921,0(00 32,700 953,700 Tolu, Ky. s----Levee. --------------- 303,000 35,000 338,000 Tri Pond Levee, 7 Ill. (Wabash River) 9 - -- do ___________ __ 961,000 70,000 1,031,000 Troy, Ind. 8-------------------- Wall and levee__ ... ____. 502,000 133,000 635,000 Uniontown, Ky.2__ __-_____---- Levee ....--------...--...-- . 1,071,000 72,000 1,143,000 Utica, Ind.7 78- __--...---------------- do- -. - ___ 1,570,000 120,000 1,690,000 Vevay, Ind. 8 .. do______---- -_ 1,170,000 146,000 1,316,000 Vincennes, Ind. (Wabash - - - - - River) - - - - - Wall - - - - - - 2- - .... -- - and levee- -----... 4,570,000 285,000 4,855,000 West Point, Ky. . ... do---------- 1,660,000 290,000 1,950,000 Westport, Ky.7 8_________ Wall.. ----------------- 1,610,000 41,000 1,651,000 West Terre Haute, Ind. (Wabash River) 9_____------------------- .Levee ----------------- 427,000 93,000 520,000 Wilder, Ky.7 8-_ - - - -Wall --------- and levee 2,190,000 220,000 2,410,000 1 All projects are located on the Ohio River unless otherwise noted. 2 Details of this project are given in individual report. 3 Substitute project for Bellnap, Karnak and Ullin, Ill., complete. See annual report for 1954 for last report showing details. 4 Complete. See Annual Report for 1952 for last report showing details. 6 Part of Rough River Reservoir and channel improvement project, Kentucky. Details of this project are given in individual report. 6 Complete. See Annual Report for 1953 for last report showing details. ? Also see listing of this project under item "Other Authorized Flood Control Projects." 8 Estimated cost revised 1954. 9 Estimated cost revised 1956. Reservoirs Tributary basin Total and reservoir Stream Estimated cost Great Miami River:7- - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - Brookville, Ind. __ East Fork of Whitewater River . $17,700,000 Metamora, Ind.5 8............ ..--------.. West Fork of Whitewater River___ 35,300,000 Green River: Mining City, 7- - Ky.- - - - - - - - - ------ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Green River--------- ------------- 69,100,000 Nolin, Ky. ___ __.. Nolin River.....----------------------- 16,100,000 No. 2 Barren, Ky.7 . . ..-------------------- Barren River__------------------ 21,600,000 No. 2 Green, Ky.7.---- .------- ..- Green River---------------------- 7,700,000 Rough, Ky.14_------------------------ Rough River......---------------------- 9,320,000 Kentucky River: 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Booneville, Ky. . .. - South Fork of Kentucky River..__ 19,100,000 Buckhorn, Ky.1-------------------------- Middle Fork of Kentucky River__ 10,500,000 Jessamine Creek, Ky.5 6_--- Kentucky River_ __..-- __- 46,900,000 Licking River: Cave Run, Ky.s5 5 6 ................... __..._ Licking River--------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- -- 13,900,000 Falmouth, Ky. . do__---------------------_ 25,800,000 Little Miami River: Caesar Creek, Ohio 7______________ _ _ Caesar Creek - ,,_,- -- 6,960,000 East Fork, Ohio 37 ____---------------------- East Fork------------------------- 10,200,000 Mill Creek: West Fork, Ohio 1 2-_- - -__-___West Fork of Mill Creek_._- .-- 2,976,000 Wabash River: Cagles Mill, Ind.' ------------- _-------- Mill Creek ------------------------ ..... 4,107,800 Mansfield, Ind.---------------------- Raccoon Creek -------------------- 7,540,000 1 Details of this project are given in individual report. 2 Non-Federal cost is $570,801 additional. 3 See Annual Report for 1950 for last report showing details. 4 Part of Rough River Reservoir and channel improvements project, Kentucky. Details of this project are given in individual reports. 5 Also see listing of this project under item "Other Authorized Flood Control Projects." 6 Estimated cost revised 1954. 7 Estimated cost revised 1956. Operations and results during fiscal year. No work was per- formed during the year and no costs were incurred. 1068 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. Surveys, explorations, engineer- ing studies, and preparation of detailed plans were well advanced on those units in the general comprehensive plan for flood control in the Ohio River Basin which are under consideration for con- struction in the near future. The status of projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual reports. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $1,405,316. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated -$115,479 $25,536 -$35,501 --- .$1,405,316 Cost ----------------- 1,847 3,763 755 ------------ -----------1,405,316 29. REHABILITATION, LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT Expenditure to Estimated cost Project June 30, 1956 to complete Floodwalls: Newport, Ohio River Basin, Ky----------------------------------------------- $2,000 Covington, Ohio River Basin, Ky---------------------------------------------- 1,500 Cincinnati, Ohio River Basin, Ohio-------------------------------------------- 140,000 Jeffersonville-Clarksville, Ohio River Basin, Ind-------------------------------- 40,000 New Albany, Ohio River Basin, Ind------------------------ -------------------- 52,000 Paducah, Ohio River Basin, Ky------------------------------------------------ 500 Pump stations: Golconda, Ohio River Basin, Ill_______ ____------------------------------------ 1,200 Hawesville, Ohio River Basin, Ky----------------------- -------------------- 1,000 Rosiclare, Ill--------------------------------------------------------------- 2,000 30. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last . . . Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to1 Report Construction and mainte- complete for-- nance Alton, Ohio River Basin, Ind.------------------ 9 _ - ---- ----- $255,000 Anderson, White River, Ind. .......... .... 1940 $5,724 548,276 Augusta, Ohio River Basin, Ky.8....----------- 1,220,000 Aurora, Ohio River Basin, Ind.'.......--------- 4,300,000 Bellevue, Ohio River Basin, Ky.8 ....--.... 1,570,000 Brevoort Levee, Wabash River, Ind_....--- 1954 1,230,873 11 959,127 Bromley, Ohio River Basin, Ky.9*.....------ -------------- 1,250,000 California, 9 (Cincinnati) (Ohio River Basin, Ohio) .............--- ................. 1,750,000 Carrollton, Ohio River Basin, Ky.9.............. Caseyville, Ohio River Basin, Ky.' ....---- ... ------------ -------------- -------------- 2,220,000 396,000 Cave-in-Rock, Ohio River Basin, Ill...... ..... Cave Run Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ky. ------------ -------------- -------------- 661,000 (Licking River)8 _ ---------.--------..-.----. 13,900,000 Chilo, Ohio River Basin, Ohio 9-................. 899,000 Cincinnati (Unit 2) Ohio River Basin, Ohio 9.... 16,800,000 Cincinnati (Unit 4 remainder), Ohio River Basin, Ohio '9_--_---------------.---.-------- 14,900,000 Cleves, Ohio River Basin, Ohio 9----------- 1,240,000 Clinton, Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wabash R iver) 9 ... ........... . ............. 77,000 Cloverport, Ohio River Basin, Ky.'... .. . 728,000 Concordia, Ohio River Basin, Ky.9* ......... . 590,000 Dayton, Ohio River Basin, Ky.9 . ... .... 3,700,000 Delphi, Ohio River Basin ,Ind. (Wabash River)__ 1953 144,563 (3) FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1069 Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction andmainte- complete for- nance I ------ I I I 9 Derby, Ohio River Basin, Ind. ------ $553,000 Dover, Ohio River Basin, Ky.s.---............. 648,000 Elizabethtown, Ohio River Basin, Ill. .--...... 559,000 Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 .. Flood Control Act) __-------------------- 1952 $106,816 I . ..----------- (3) Falmouth Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Licking River) 8-- ------------------------- 25,800,000 Frankfort, Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Kentucky River) s- 2,930,000 Gill Township levee unit, Wabash River, Ind___ 1948 561,200 (3) Golconda, Ohio River Basin, Ill_____------ 1952 487,108 3 121,200 Grandview, Ohio River Basin, Ind.9_-- 580,000 Harrisburg, Ohio River Basin, Ill-_-.-------- 1952 849,656 (3) H awes v i lle, O h i o R i v e r B as i n, K y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1955 969,213 3121,787 Higginsport, Ohio River Basin, Ohio 9-- _ .............. 944,000 Honey Creek Levee, Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wabash River) 9___..------------------------- -------- ---- ----- 653,000 Indianapolis, Ind.4---------------------- 1953 1,859,363 ----- ... --------- -- 117,940,637 Jessamine Creek Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Kentucky River) 8.... ........-----------------............. 46,900,000 Lawrenceburg, Ohio River Basin, Ind ......... 1953 2,433,414-------------- (3) Leavenworth, Ohio River Basin, Ind.9--_ 1,470,000 Levee unit 1, Eel River, Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wabash River Basin) 8------ --------- 204,000 Levee unit 2, Eel River, Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wabash River Basin) s__-------- -----2 __ ..----------.............. 2,090,000 Levee unit No. 3, east fork of White River, Ind. 1938 275 ---------- .- 112,939,725 L ev ee u n it N o . 1, W ab ash R iv er, Ill.2 _......... 1938 10 3,410,000 Levee unit No. 2, Wabash River, Ind.2 .......... 1938 113,240,000 Levee units Nos. 3 and 4, Wabash River, Ill.2___ 1938 216 ... 117,209,784 L evee u n it N o. 5, W ab ash R iv er, Ind .2 .....- .... 1952 88,368 ... 119,091,632 Levee unit No. 6, Ill., Ohio River Basin (Wa- bash River) ----------...........-------------------- 1,160,000 Levee unit No. 8, White River, Ind ........... 1952 700,534------- (3) Levee unit No. 9, White River, Ind.2 .__.... 1939 --------------.-----------.- 1126,000 Levee unit No. 10, White River, Ind.2 _ __ _ 1939 11173,000 Logansport, Wabash River, Ind.9 9 .... . ... 1939 2,440,000 Ludlow, Ohio River Basin, Ky. _---_-__------- 2,540,000 Lyford levee unit, Wabash River, Ind .......-- Madison, Ohio River Basin, Ind.9____ -___- - - ---------. . ..267,39.1... 19.... .i. iii.iiiiii. -------------- ------------ (3) 3,820,000 Mauckport, Ohio River Basin, Ind.9-_ - ----- - ---- ---- .-- .-- ----- .-- -- .--- 506,000 McGinnis Levee, Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wabash River Basin) 9 .......... ....... 1950 67,649 1- 1,752,351 Metamora Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Great Miami River) 8 -.................. 35,300,000 M et ro po li s , O h i o R i v e r B as in , 9I l l .8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,070,000 Milton, Ohio River Basin, Ky. . ............... 2,480,000 Mining City Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Green River) 8 .....................--------- 69,100,000 Moscow, Ohio River Basin, Ohio s___---...9 1,170,000 New Amsterdam, Ohio River Basin, Ind. .__- 476,000 New Harmony, Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wa- bash River) 8---------------------------------- 616,000 New Richmond, Ohio River Basin, Ohio ...... 9 3,200,000 11 345,000 Orleans, Ind.2 - - -............ ..............--- 1952 -- - - - - - - _ ___- _ _ Owensboro, Ohio River Basin, Ky.s*.. .. ... 886,000 Patriot, Ohio River Basin, Ind.9_____.___ 191 1 2.2............ .... 753,000 Peru, Wabash River, Ind . ________ .. 1951 1,922 - - -- - -- - 7,258,078 P reston ville , O hio R iv er B asin, K y .9 _......... . . . . .. . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - 1,710,000 Reevesville, Ohio River Basin, Ill. (Cache River) _------------------------- 1954 600,300 (3) Ripley, Ohio River Basin, Ohio 9- 9 --- ............ 1,940,000 Rising Sun, Ohio River Basin, Ind. 8 . --. .----- ............ 896,000 R ockport, O hio R iver B asin, Ind. 9 .. .. .. .------ ........... 466,000 Rome, Ohio River Basin, Ind. ___ _ ......... 359,000 Rosiclare, Ill_ _.------------------------------- 1954 622,484 3 12 2,000 8 Saylersville, Licking River, Ky. .. 1946 12,000 604,000 S h awn eeto wn , O hio R iv er B asin , Ill. 9 .......... 1,810,000 Shoals, east fork of W hite River, Ind. __ ...- ... 1938 -------------- _ 543,000 Shufflebarger levee, Ohio River Basin, Ind. (Wabash River Basin) 9..._______ ______---_ 1950 63,764 2,316,236 Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Congress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act)------------------- 9 70,304 (3) Smithland, Ohio River Basin, Ky. . 864,000 See footnotes at end of table. 1070 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act) -----------...........-- 1953 $26,569 ------------- (3) Taylorsville, Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Salt River)----- ------------------------------- 1952 6373,050 --------------- () Terre Haute, Wabash River, Ind. 9-------.-. 1938 ..----------.........---...-------------- $199,000 Tolu, Ohio River Basin, Ky. - _-...... _ -.. _._... ____ . .- ___303,000 - -....-........ Troy, Ohio River Basin, Ind..___-. _ .__-__ _----------- _ _ ______502,000 Utica, Ohio River Basin, Ind.9 ____ ___--------------_ ______-_--------.........1,570,000 Vevay, Ohio River Basin, Ind.-------------....----------.--- ...... _..... 1,170,000 Wabash, Wabash River, Ind. ..----------------- 1938 ----------------.-...-.-. 872,000 Westport, Ohio River Basin, Ky. ...... 1,610,000 Wilder, Ohio River Basin, Ky. ----------------------------- 2,190,000 1 Revised in 1954 unless otherwise noted. 2 Awaiting local cooperation. 3 Completed. 4 Partially completed. Remaining construction suspended. 5In addition, contributed funds in the amount of $5,000 were expended. 6 Partially completed by Works Progress Administration. ?Dates of last full reportfor projedcts only so-reported. 8 Deferred for restudy. 9 Inactive. 10Revised in 1955. ii Revised in 1956. 12Required for remedial measures. 31. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and subsequent acts require local interests to furnish assurances that they will maintain and operate certain local protection projects after com- pletion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. District engineers are responsible for the adminis- tration of these regulations within the boundaries of their respec- tive districts. The (1955) estimate of the annual cost of this work in the Louisville District is $17,000. Maintenance inspections were made during the fiscal year of completed units of 27 projects transferred to local interests for maintenance and operation. Local interests were advised, as necessary, of measures required to maintain these projects in ac- cordance with standards prescribed by the regulations. The cost during the fiscal year was $13,112 for maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $76,064, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: -------- Appropriated.. $12, 000 $16,000 $14,700 $12,316 $11,000 $77,516 Cost-----------------11,456 15,812 13,605 11,115 13,112 76,064 GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1071 32. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood-fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., 1st sess., and antecedent legislation). Operations during the fiscal year consisted of the annual revision of the flood emergency plan, inspection of non-Federal flood-control works in the White River basin, Indiana, and the execution of an emergency flood exercise with the cooperation of local interests. The costs during the fiscal year were $18,260 for maintenance work including $15,678 for repayment of costs incurred for emergency flood operations during the fiscal year 1955 under the allotment for the revolving fund. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated ..- . -$29,000 -$349, 578 -$31,827 $20,000 $10,261 $2,941,623 Cost ........... __ ... 406,596 96,555 6,460 11,687 18,260 2,938,743 33. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost for examinations and surveys for the fiscal year amounted to $103,683. Funds available in fiscal year 1957 will be applied to six flood-control surveys. 34. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Research and development during the year consisted principally of miscellaneous hydrologic studies relating to river and harbor flood-control work, study of stream-gaging equipment program, and installation of rain-gaging equipment at completed flood- protection projects. Cost for the fiscal year was $21,022. Funds available in fiscal year 1957 will be applied to the collection and study of basic data. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT This district comprises central and southeastern Ohio, all but the northeastern portion of West Virginia, eastern Kentucky, a portion of midwestern Virginia, and a very small portion of north- western North Carolina and southwestern Pennsylvania, embraced in the drainage basin of the Ohio River and its tributaries from about mile 109 (below Pittsburgh, Pa.) to mile 409.3, immediately downstream from Aberdeen, Ohio. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Construction of locks and 13. Maysville, Ohio River Basin, dams, Ohio River ._-_--.. 1073 Ky_ 1090 2. Ohio River open-channel work_ 1073 14. Huntington, Ohio River Basin, 3. Kanawha River, W. Va ..... 1073 W. Va_ 1091 4. Other authorized navigation 15. Catlettsburg, Ohio River Ba- projects-______- 1077 sin, Ky_ - 1093 16. Summersville Reservoir, Ohio Flood Control River Basin, W. Va ....... 1094 17. Dewey Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ky_ 1095 5. Massillon, Ohio River Basin, 18. Bluestone Ohio------------------_ 1077 Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, W. Va___... 1096 6. Muskingum River Reservoirs, 19. Ohio River Basin, Huntington Ohio-------------- 1078 Ohio District 1097 7. Delaware Reservoir, River Basin, Ohio--------.1082 20. Floodwall Rehabilitation.... 1101 21. Other authorized flood-control 8. Newark, Ohio River Basin, projects Ohio- -- _______ ___---1084 1102 22. Inspection of completed flood- 9. Dillon Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ohio_____________ 1084 control worksi rs 1103 23. Flood-control work under spe- 10. Tom Jenkins Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ohio-------- 1086 cial authorization .......... 1103 11. Portsmouth-New Boston, Ohio River Basin, Ohio-------- 1088 General Investigations 12. Sutton Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, W. Va___________ 1089 24. Examinations and surveys_-. 1104 25. Research and development -..- 1104 1. CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS, OHIO RIVER For report on this improvement, see page 979. 2. OHIO RIVER OPEN CHANNEL WORK For report on this improvement, see page 986. 3. KANAWHA RIVER, W. VA. Location. This river, 97 miles in length, is formed by the junc- tion of the New and Gauley Rivers, a short distance above Kan- awha Falls, W. Va., flows in a general northwesterly direction, and empties into the Ohio River at Point Pleasant, W. Va. Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1873, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1875 (Annual Report for 1875, pt. 2, pp. 90-98). For further details see page 1913, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1309, Annual Report for 1938. 1073 1074 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. The existing project provides for 3 dams on the Kanawha River, with twin locks having usable dimensions of 56 by 360 feet, and 1 dam on the Ohio River near Gallipolis, Ohio, with 1 lock 110 by 600 feet and 1 lock 110 by 360 feet, to furnish a 9-foot navigable depth from the mouth to a point 90.57 miles above. The cost for new work for the existing project as completed was $22,872,770. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $406,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Replacement of old locks and dams 2 to 5, inclusive, H. Doc. 190, 70th Cong., 1st sess. by construction of 2 new dams and dredging. June 26, 19341 Operating and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 30, 19352 Replacement of old locks and dams 6 to 11, inclusive, H. Doc. 31, 73d Cong., 1st sess. 3 by construction of 1 new dam on the Kanawha River and 1 new dam on the Ohio River below mouth of the Kanawha River, and pertinent work. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. 3 Contains latest published maps. The following table gives the characteristics of the locks and dams: Kanawha River Lock dimen- Available depth Location sions over miter sills at normal pool levels Md Great- Lift at z est normal Year Cost of Lock Dis- avail- pool Character of Type of construction of com- locks and tance able levels foundation Kind of dam of dam pletion dams 1 Nearest town above length Width (feet) Upper Lower mouth of (feet) (feet) (feet) (miles) cham- ber (feet) London 2- London, W. Va .....--------- 82,76 360 4 56 24 18 12 Rock .. Roller gates ... ..---------- tz Marmet 2_. Marmet (Belle), W. Va__ 67.75 360 456 24 18 12 .. do .. ____ .. do __...___ _.. Concrete movable crest_ ---------------- do__ 1934 1934 $3,269,828 3,565,947 H C Winfield2__ Winfield (Red House), 31.12 360 456 28 18 12 --- ___do__ ._-.. do.......__ ___do- ------ __.-_____ 1937 6,340,076 W. Va. 0 Gallipolis__ Gallipolis, Ohio..--.._--__ () f 600 110 \ 26 18 12 ..- do.....- . -- ... do__. ........ do ----- __ 1937 9,696,919 { 360 110 J 1 Includes cost of flowage easements. 2 Hydroelectric plant, licensed by Federal Power Commission, at this site. 314 miles below Point Pleasant, W. Va., on the Ohio River. 4 Two locks each, 56 feet by 360 feet. O H H 1 0 CA 1076 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Under license 1175, issued by the Federal Power Commission, the Kanawha Valley Power Co. has con- structed hydroelectric plants at London and Marmet locks and dams, a license fee of $32,000 per annum having been fixed for each site. The Kanawha Valley Power Co., has also constructed a hydroelectric plant at Winfield locks and dam, under license 1290, a license fee of $40,000 per annum having been fixed. Terminal facilities. The public terminal facilities consist of a paved landing at Charleston, W. Va. Privately owned facilities are as follows: Two coal unloading terminals at Belle, 1 at Glasgow, and 1 at Cabin Creek; 11 gasoline and oil unloading stations at Boomer, Cabin Creek, Charleston, North Charleston, South Charleston, and St. Albans; 2 docks at Nitro for handling acid; 2 docks at South Charleston and 1 at Nitro for unloading sulphur; 9 terminals at Belle, North Charleston, South Charleston, and Institute for handling chemicals; a terminal at Alloy gener- ally used for unloading coke and loading slag; and 1 dock each at Riverside and Sattes for handling scrap metal. In addition, numerous coal tipples are available for use only to the owners for loading into barges the coal mined by them. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The locks and dams were operated as required, and necessary repairs and improvements were made thereto, and to the appurtenent structures and grounds. Channel inspections were conducted periodically. The cost of maintenance during the fiscal year was $292,640. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in 1931 and completed in 1937. At the end of fiscal year 1954, all flowage easements required had been procured, final records and reports had been prepared, and the existing project was complete in all respects. All structures are in operation and the available depth for navigation is 9 feet from the mouth of the river to the head of the improvement. Above the improved portion of the river, the minimum depth in the channel is less than 1 foot. For details of the locks and dams, see table under paragraph "existing project." The total cost, all funds, to the end of the fiscal year for the existing projects was as follows: Regular Public works Emergency Class of work funds funds relief funds Total New work... $9,369,334 ....... .....-------------------------- $9,004,800 $4,498,636 $22,872,770 Operation and maintenance, general___ 5,190,308 -------- _--------------------5,190,308 Total-...-......-_____- -. ... 14,559,642 9,004,800 4,498,636 28,063,078 In addition, surplus property valued at $5,020 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. In addition, the sum of $5,159,879 was expended between July 1884, and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the work of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite ap- propriation for such purposes. RIVERS AND HARBORS-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1077 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated....------- ----........-- -- $10,900 -------- ----------------------- 2 $27,167,382 Cost----------------- $3,399 343 $152------------------------ 227,167,382 Maintenance: Appropriated ..--.... 285,500 320,314 461,100 $363,400 $295,100 10,350,933 Cost----------------- 288,117 309,246 463,004 398,043 292,640 310,350,187 1 Includes $4,294,612 for new work and $3,883,513 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $4,498,636 emergency relief funds and $9,004,800 public works funds. 3 In addition, surplus property valued at $5,020 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 4. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amiount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Big Sandy River, W. Va. and Ky., including Levisa and Tug Forks--------------------1952 $1,586,236 1 $1,471,299 (2) 2. Elk River, W. Va ........------------------------ 1903 30,259-------------- () 3. Gauley River, W. Va_ ---------------------- 1903 14,761 ...........--------------.. (4) 4. Guyandot River, W. Va__--------------------1915 27,500 -------------- (5) 5. Little Kanawha River, W. Va............---------------. 1952 470,536 891,354 (6) 6. Muskingum River; Ohio ------------------- 1955 301,912 7 6,171,897 (8) 7. New River, Va. and W. Va ..............-----------------. 1899 109,691 -------------- () 8. Scioto River at Portsmouth, Ohio .....------------ 1953 10,951 16,593 9 $129,049 1 Excludes amount of $61,534 contributed by local interest for maintenance of lock No. 1 during fiscal years 1953-1956 inclusive. 2 Operation and maintenance suspended June 30, 1952. 3 Work closed September 1902. Property transferred to Kanawha River improvements. 4 Work closed September 1902. Abandonment recommended in H. D. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 5 Work suspended. 6 Operation and maintenance suspended June 30, 1951. 7 Excludes amounts of $5,663 and $325 respectively, expended from contributed funds on reconstruction of dam 10, and intermittent operation of lock 1 for the benefit of the Marietta Boat Club, Inc., subsequent to June 30, 1954. 8 Operation and maintenance suspended June 30, 1954. 9 Latest cost estimate revision 1954. Monetary limitation of authorizing act is $75,000. 5. MASSILLON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. Massillon, Ohio, is located in Stark County, on the Tuscarawas River, 200 miles above the mouth of the Muskingum River. Existing project. The project providing for improvement of the channel of the Tuscarawas River, together with the construction of drainage facilities, levees, and pump stations, consists of the follow- ing features: 12,800 linear feet of channel rectification and im- provements; 4,300 feet of new channel; 2 reinforced concrete pres- sure conduits with a total length of 4,300 feet; 15,900 feet of earth levee; 200 feet of concrete wall; 4 pump stations; and 3 gate open- ings. The project necessitated the relocation of 6 miles of rail- road; the construction of 5 railroad bridges, railroad terminal facilities, 1 highway bridge, and 2 highway viaducts; the removal of 3 railroad bridges, 1 highway bridge, and 10,550 feet of rail- 1078 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 road track; and the raising of 1 highway bridge. The project pro- vides protection (with 3-foot freeboard) against a flood with peak discharge 20 percent greater than maximum of record. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin, contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The project was constructed at a cost of $8,614,179, which includes a contribution of $477,813 by local interests, for additional construction, and alterations beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work in connection with the land acquisition program consisting of as- sisting the Department of Justice in condemnation proceedings involving the acquisition of third party interests in certain rail- road lands was accomplished. Operation and maintenance, general: Routine inspections of the improved channel were conducted and remedial work was per- formed as required to maintain the channel in a satisfactory con- dition. The total cost was $9,449, of which $580 was for new work and $8,869 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, construction of which was initiated in July 1940 and suspended during the war years, was completed for beneficial use in October 1951. The drainage structures and appurtenances including pressure con- duits, gate openings, and pump stations have been turned over to the city for maintenance and operation. The improved channels and levees, maintained by the United States, are in good condition. Payment of $2,100 under the terms of an agreement with the Ohio Water Service Company remains to be made. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $8,153,074 of which $8,134,266 was for new work and $18,808 was for mainte- nance. In addition, $477,813 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 4 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated __ _-. $27,000 -$52,600 _------- ------ $3,107 ------ 1$8,136,366 Cost_- ------------ 369,328 16,637 $5,772 $1,048 580 8,134,266 Maintenance: Appropriated.--------. 5,000 5,000 -300 300 8,808 18,808 Cost__ 446 227 7,619 1,647 8,869 18,808 1 In addition, $477,813 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 6. MUSKINGUM RIVER RESERVOIRS, OHIO Location. The Muskingum River lies in southeastern Ohio and, with its tributaries, drains approximately 8,000 square miles. FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1079 Its headwaters rise about 25 miles south of Lake Erie and it flows into the Ohio River at Marietta, Ohio, 172.2 miles below Pitts- burgh, Pa. Existing project. This project provides for the construction, operation, and maintenance of 14 reservoirs and appurtenant works in the Muskingum River Basin. It was originally author- ized by the Public Works Administration February 20, 1934, to include 15 reservoirs as set forth in an official plan prepared by the Corps of Engineers and adopted by the Muskingum watershed conservancy district of Ohio, the sponsoring agency. Subsequent amendments to the official plan provided, among other things, for the elimination of one reservoir and the inclusion and later elimi- nation of a project for channel improvement of the Tuscarawas River at Massillon, Ohio. Allotments totaling $27,190,000 were made from December 1933 to July 1937 by the Public Works Ad- ministration to aid in financing construction of this project. The project was operated and maintained by the conservancy district from July 1938 to August 1939 when it was taken over by the Corps of Engineers for maintenance and operation in accordance with the provisions of the Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, authorized and directed the Secretary of War to reimburse the conservancy dis- trict a sum not to exceed the actual expenditures made by it in acquiring lands, easements, and rights-of-way for reservoirs in the Muskingum River Valley, such reimbursements not to exceed $4,500,000, nor include any expenditures for lands, easements, and rights-of-way heretofore or hereafter purchased from said district by the United States. The first allotment under this authorization was made June 29, 1939, from the War Department Appropriation Act of June 28, 1939. The Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939, contained the provisions that the Muskingum River reservoirs be included in the flood-control plan for the Ohio River Basin authorized in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938; that section 2 of the latter act apply to those reservoirs; and that the conservancy district be relieved of any obligation to maintain and operate the dams. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized such channel rectification works or other measures at or below the Muskingum River reservoirs as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of War may be found necessary to provide for the most efficient operation of those reservoirs, at an estimated cost of $2,200,000. The estimate of cost for new work (1956), excluding the cost to the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District, is $41,100,000, of which $18,601,900 is for construction, and $22,498,100 is for lands and damages. The latest (1954) approved estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $238,000. For further details see Annual Report for 1946, page 1734. The following table gives the principal features of the 14 reser- voirs: Muskingum River Reservoirs 0 Reservoir Estimated cost Elevations, mean sea level Capacity No. Name of reservoir 12 Stream Location of dam Drain- (nearest town, all age area Construe- Lands and C in Ohio) (square Water tion damages Total miles) Spill- Conser- Flood conser- Total y way vation control vation (acre-feet) pool (acre-feet) ) (acre-feet) C i 1 Atwood-....... Indian Fork.......... New Cumberland___ 70 941 928 26,100 23,600 49,700 $517,100 $838,500 $1,355,600 2 Beach City- .... Sugar Creek_______ Beach City- -- --- 300 976.5 948 70,000 1,700 71,700 1,331,600 2,126,500 3,458,100 O 3 Bolivar -__-...... Sandy Creek...________ Bolivar - - ---- 502 962 895 149,600 0 149,600 2,884,100 3,006,800 5,890,900 4 Charles Mill-...... Black Fork__... __..... Mifflin-- -- 216 1,020 997 80,600 7,400 88,000 1,519,700 914,000 2,433,700 H 5 Clendening- ..... Brushy Fork___________ Tippecanoe -------- 70 910.5 898 27,500 26,500 54,000 626,000 473,100 1,099,100 6 Dover ---------- Tuscarawas River-...... Dover_--------- 3 1,397 916 874 202,000 1,000 203,000 2,053,600 5,726,000 7,779,600 8 Leesville.......... McGuire Creek_____.. __ Leesville-.......... 48 977.5 963 17,900 19,500 37,400 719,200 220,300 939,500 9 Mohawk-........ Walhonding River ___.. Nellie.---...... .. 4 1,501 890 799.2 285,000 0 285,000 2,620,200 2,496,200 5,116,400 10 Mohicanville- .... Lake Fork_____- ....- Mohicanville ...... 269 963 932 102,000 0 102,000 589,500 679,900 1,269,400 11 Piedmont......... Stillwater Creek --....- Piedmont.------- 84 924.6 913 31,400 33,600 65,000 1,268,100 575,500 1,843,600 w 12 Pleasant Hill ... Clear Fork........._..__ Perrysville-....... .. 199 1,065 1,020 74,200 13,500 87,700 1,342,300 737,700 2,080,000 13 Senecaville-..-. .. Seneca Fork -.....-. Senecaville-........ . 121 842.5 832.2 45,000 43,500 88,500 648,100 1,106,800 1,754,900 14 15 Tappan-....-..... Wills Creek- ... Little Stillwater Creek__ Wills Creek....__________ Tappan .-------- Conesville- ..... _ _ 71 5 844 909 779 899.3 742 26,500 190,000 35,100 6,000 61,600 196,000 1,246,800 1,235,600 1,949,200 3,196,000 1,647,600 2,883,200 1 z 1 _ , ,_ _ _ -1 Total_ _ I ..-.------------ - __ _ __1,327,800 211,400 1,539,200 18,601,900 22,498,100 41,100,000 M 01 1The construction of Freeport Dam (No. 7) was eliminated by the amended official plan approved by the Chief of Engineers, May 16, 1935. 2 For details of individual dams, see p. 1256, Annual Report 1942. 3 777 square miles net area. 4 817 square miles net area. s 723 square miles net area. ci FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1081 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies to this project, subject to certain provisions contained in the Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939. For further details see Annual Report for 1942, page 1257. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work in connection with the acquisition of land continued. An agree- ment was entered into with the Muskingum Watershed Con- servancy District whereby a fixed amount of $525,061.95 would be accepted by the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District as complete and final payment of reimbursements as authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1939. Operation and Maintenance, General. The reservoirs were operated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dams and their appurtenances and to the operators quarters and grounds. General moderate rains on February 24 and 25, 1956, caused a rise in the reservoirs during which 144,000 acre-feet of water was stored. The Muskingum River crested at Coshocton at 10.7 feet; Dresden at 16.5 feet; Zanesville at 15.0 feet; and McConnelsville at 8.2 feet. The reductions effected by the reservoirs were: 4.4 feet at Coshocton; 5.2 feet at Dresden; 4.3 feet at Zanesville; and 2.0 feet at McConnelsville. Minor floods at Coshocton and Dresden were averted. General moderate rains on March 6 to 8 inclusive, 1956, caused a rise in the reservoirs during which 213,400 acre-feet of water was stored. The Muskingum River crested at Coshocton at 10.0 feet; Dresden at 16.3 feet; Zanesville at 19.3 feet; and McConnels- ville at 8.7 feet. The reductions effected by the reservoirs were: 5.7 feet at Coshocton; 6.5 feet at Dresden; 5.1 feet at Zanesville; and 1.4 feet at McConnelsville. Minor floods at Coshocton and Dresden were averted. The total cost, all from regular funds, was $233,801 of which $12,126 was for new work and $221,675 was for maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in January 1935. With the completion of the Dover Reservoir in November 1938, all of the 14 flood-control dams, in- cluded in the project, were complete and in operation. The major items of presently authorized work remaining consist of completing the land acquisition program, and remedial work in the channel of Black Fork, downstream from the Charles Mill Dam. The status of the land acquisition program is as follows: Excluding the Charles Mill project, acquisition of all tracts in the 14 reservoirs is complete except the processing through jury trial for a determina- tion of just compensation of a flowage easement over a sand and gravel operation in Mohawk Reservoir and the exchange of certain rights in a Government property at Atwood Reservoir for a flowage easement over a private property; acquisition of flowage easements from the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District's reservoir lands is complete except for conveyance of a flowage easement over abandoned railroad rights-of-way; and final payment of reimburse- ments authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1939 to the Mus- 1082 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 kingum Watershed Conservancy District is pending. Work pres- ently authorized for this project is about 97 percent complete. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds: $15,136,144 of which $12,389,415 was for new work and $2,746,729 was for maintenance. National Industrial Recovery funds: $27,190,000 for new work. The total cost, all funds, was $42,326,144 of which $39,579,415 was for new work and $2,746,729 was for maintenance. In addi- tion, surplus property valued at $4,109 was transferred to the proj- ect without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ _...... $472,000 -$276,000 _-.. _ -..- -$50,000 ------------ 1$39,724,761 Cost----______ ----- 371,080 944,732 $43,647 5,034 $12,126 139,579,415 Maintenance: Appropriated--...... 198,500 213,160 194,800 199,585 222,900 2,748,384 Cost _ __----- 238,588 204,831 208,454 202,110 221,675 2 2,746,729 1 Includes $27,190,000 National Industrial Recovery Act funds. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $4,279 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __-____ $145, 345 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 425, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__________ 570, 345 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ _.... 950, 200 - 7. DELAWARE RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site is located on Olentangy River about 6 miles above and north of Delaware, Ohio, and 32 miles above the confluence of the Olentangy and Scioto Rivers at Columbus, Ohio. The reservoir is located in Delaware, Marion, and Morrow Coun- ties, Ohio. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled-earthfill dam having a gate controlled concrete gravity ogee-type spillway in the channel containing five outlet conduits. The dam is about 18,600 feet long, having a maximum height of 92 feet. The reser- voir created, providing for the storage of 132,000 acre-feet from a tributary drainage area of 381 square miles, necessitated the con- struction of levee protection works, complete with pump stations and drainage structures, for the village of Waldo, Ohio, the reloca- tion or reconstruction of 7.6 miles of roads, 6.5 miles of power- lines, 7 miles of telephone lines, and 7.6 miles of pipelines, and the relocation of 4 cemeteries containing 1,744 graves. The reservoir is being operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Olentangy, Scioto, and Ohio Valleys generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938. The cost of the project, as completed, was $7,632,288. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $37,000. FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1083 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work in connection with the acquisition of land was completed and consisted of assisting the Department of Justice in preparing for trial for one tract and obtaining stipulation covering a second tract being acquired through condemnation proceedings in the United States District Court. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was oper- ated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary re- pairs were made to the structures and appurtenances throughout the year. General heavy rains on February 24 and 25, 1956, caused a rise in the reservoir during which 18,300 acre-feet of water was stored. The Olentangy River at Worthington crested at 11.1 feet and the Scioto River at Columbus crested 17.4 feet. The reductions, effected by the reservoir, were 3.1 feet at Worthington and 2.2 feet at Columbus. General moderate rains on March 6 to 8, inclusive, 1956, caused a rise in the reservoir during which 9,300 acre-feet of water was stored. The Olentangy River at Worthington crested at 11.0 feet, and the Scioto River crested at Columbus at 17.1 feet, while the reductions effected at these locations were 3.1 feet and 1.0 foot respectively. The total cost was $37,408, of which $10,142 was for new work and $27,266 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and its appurtenances are complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the co- ordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Olentangy, Scioto, and Ohio Valleys generally. Construction of the dam was started in April 1946 and completed in July 1948. All construc- tion operations, including the relocation of highway and utility facilities, were completed in October 1951. Work in connection with the acquisition of land is complete, the total acreage acquired consisting of 7,858 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 2,434 acres. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $7,835,- 623, of which $7,632,288 was for new work and $203,335 was for maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $10,237 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-- ..... -$70,000 _--_-- -$89,800 --------- ___- _ $7,332 $7,632,288 Cost_ ------------- 48,860 61,099 $49,681 $10,434 10,142 17,632,288 Maintenance: Appropriated - -- 32, 900 32,300 26,900 22,815 26,050 204, 965 Cost_ -------------- 29,612 28,128 31,589 22,267 27,266 2203,335 1In addition, surplus property valued at $10,176 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. SIn addition, surplus property valued at $61 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 1084 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 8. NEWARK, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. Newark, Ohio, is located in Licking County at the junction of the North and South Forks of the Licking River, 29 miles above its confluence with the Muskingum River at Zanesville, Ohio. Existing project. This provides for a total of 31,500 linear feet of channel improvements of the Licking River, North and South Forks of Licking River, and Raccoon Creek; 5,450 feet of levee along North and South Forks of Licking River; and pump station and sump for the disposal of interior drainage. The project pro- vides protection for the city of Newark against floods 22 percent greater than that of 1913 (one of the greatest of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The existing project was selected for construc- tion under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin con- tained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The project was constructed at a Federal cost of $785,880. In addi- tion, the estimated cost to the city of Newark under provisions of section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, was $21,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,500. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: Routine inspections of the improved portion of the channel were conducted and remedial work was performed as required to maintain the channel in a satisfactory condition. The cost during the fiscal year was $350, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, construction of which was initiated in July 1940, was completed for beneficial use in November 1941. The pump facilities and levees have been turned over to the city for maintenance and operation. The improved channels, maintained by the United States, are in good condition. The total cost of the existing project, to the end of the fiscal year was $889,314, of which $785,880 was for new work and $103,434, was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------------ Appropriated..... ... ------------ . ------------ ------------------------ $785,880 Cost----------------------- ------------------------------------------------ 785,880 Maintenance: Appropriated-------.... $4,000 $3,500 -$800 -$800 $186 103,436 Cost----------------- 316 3,855 2,426 138 350 103,434 9. DILLON RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site of the Dillon Reservoir is located on Licking River, Ohio, 5.8 miles above the confluence of the Licking and Muskingum Rivers at Zanesville, Ohio. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a rolled-earthfill dam having a maximum height FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1085 of 118 feet and a total length of 1,350 feet; controlled outlet works discharging through twin conduits located in the right abutment; an uncontrolled spillway in the left abutment; 2 rolled-earthfill dikes which will prevent diversion of water into Wakatomika Creek valley; and 2 rolled-earthfill dikes which will prevent diver- sion of water into the Bartlett Run valley. The reservoir created, providing for the storage of 273,800 acre-feet, will control a drain- age area of 748 square miles, and necessitates the relocation or re- construction of 19.5 miles of railroad track, 12.2 miles of roads, 32.7 miles of powerlines, 34.2 miles of communication lines, and 17.2 miles of pipelines. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Zanes- ville, Ohio, and the Muskingum and Ohio River Valleys generally. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $28,800,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Real estate manage- ment activities in connection with leasing land previously acquired for the project were conducted. Payment, in the amount of $1,800, covering deficiency judgment on one tract of land in con- demnation, was made. A minor amount of maintenance work was performed in connection with completed grading for a railroad relocation and storage of steel for future bridge work. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $1,726. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in July 1946 when relocation of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in the reservoir area was commenced. This phase of the project has been brought to about 77 percent completion. Con- struction of Nashport Dike, together with relocation of affected highway and utility facilities, is complete. Relocation agreements have been entered into with the 18 owners having facilities affected by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad relocation. Of the estimated 800 tracts of land required for the project, 131 tracts have been acquired. The entire project is about 31 percent complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $8,825,689. 1086 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....... $100,000 $112,000 --- - -$346,500 $1,800 $8,827,100 Cost... -.........-... 720,025 17,580 $36,510 4,361 1,726 8,825,689 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30 1956-----. $571 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___- ___ 1, 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year June 30, 1957------------------------ -- 1, 500, 571 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ___-_ - -- 18,472, 900 10. TOM JENKINS RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site of the Tom Jenkins Reservoir is located on East Branch of Sunday Creek, a tributary of Hocking River, Ohio, about 3 miles north of the village of Glouster and 57.2 miles above the mouth of Hocking River. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled-earthfill dam having a maximum height of 84 feet and a total length of 944 feet; controlled outlet works discharging through a tunnel located in the left abutment; and an uncontrolled spillway in the ridge run- ning south from the dam site. The reservor created, providing for the storage of 17,600 acre-feet for flood control and 9,300 acre-feet for conservation and water supply for a total of 26,900 acre-feet, controls 32.8 square miles of the drainage area of East Branch, and necessitated the relocation of 0.5 mile of county roads and 0.7 mile of pipeline. The reservoir affords substantial protection to the Sunday Creek Valley and serves as a unit of the coordinated reser- voir system for the protection of the Hocking River and Ohio River Valleys. The reservoir also provides an assured source of water supply to villages, industries, and coal mine operations in the Sun- day Creek Valley. The existing project was authorized under the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. The estimate of cost for new work (1955) is $2,875,000, of which $2,090,000 represents Federal cost and $785,000 represents cost to local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $27,000. Local cooperation. Local or State interests are required to fur- nish funds for the project equal to the difference between the total estimated first cost and the capitalized flood control benefits. House bill 496 passed by the Ohio State Legislature appropriated funds to cover local and State obligations relative to the project. By agreement entered into January 22, 1948, between the Depart- ment of the Army, Corps of Engineers and the Division of Con- servation and Natural Resources, Department of Agriculture, State of Ohio, the State contributed $495,000 to be applied toward the cost of construction of the project, and retained $290,000 of the FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1087 total amount to be contributed, for acquisition of lands and in- terests in land being acquired by the State in the reservoir area. However, the State was unable to acquire certain reservoir lands and requested the United States to acquire such lands. The State has contributed $80,000 additional to the United States for the pur- chase of these lands. The agreement provides further that, sub- ject to appropriations made by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, the State will contribute to the Government annually the sum of $1,500 as the pro rata share chargeable to the State cover- ing the annual cost of operating the project insofar as water supply features are concerned. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work in connection with acquisition of lands was continued and con- sisted of assisting the Department of Justice in negotiating for stipulations covering tracts acquired by condemnation. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated for benefit of flood control as required, and necessary re- pairs were made to the structures and appurtenances. The total cost from Federal funds was $19,634, of which $606 was for new work and $19,028 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation, affording substantial protection to the Sunday Creek Valley as well as serving as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Hocking River and Ohio River Valleys. The reservoir also provides an assured source of water supply to villages, industries, and coal mine operations in the Sunday Creek Valley. Construction of the dam was started in March 1948 and completed in February 1950. The project is com- plete in all respects except for land acquisition work consisting of assisting the Department of Justice in processing through trial 11 mineral cases. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year from Federal funds was $2,199,304, of which $2,078,869 was for new work and $120,- 435 was for maintenance. In addition, $570,169 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------------ -$6,800 ----------....------------------------ $2,090,000 Cost.....---------------- $48,909 31,940 -$4,597 $940 $606 2,078,869 Maintenance: _ - Appropriated------- 17,400 21,800 21,262 12,600 18,650 120,612 Cost----------------- 16,909 19,556 26,648 13,746 19,028 120,435 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____________ $332 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------ 332 1088 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-...-... $55,000 ___ __ _ -_--_-_- _------- $575,000 Cost __ 59,206 - - $14,028 -$1,175 570,169 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $4, 831 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- - - - - _ - - - -. 4, 831 11. PORTSMOUTH-NEW BOSTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The project is located at the cities of Portsmouth and New Boston, Ohio, on the right bank of the Ohio River above the mouth of the Scioto River in Scioto County, Ohio. The project extends from mile 350.2 to mile 356.5 below Pittsburgh. Existing project. This consists of about 21,000 feet of earth levees and 21,400 feet of concrete walls extending along the Ohio and Scioto Rivers; 12 electrically operated pump stations; 14 gate openings and 2 service openings; 2 traffic ramps; relocation of ap- proximately 4,500 feet of the Scioto River channel; and appurte- nant drainage structures. The project provides protection for the cities of Portsmouth and New Boston, Ohio, against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The project was constructed at a Federal cost of $9,677,794; the estimated non-Federal cost is $525,000, which includes $15,150 contributed by local interests toward construction of the project. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Obligations incurred during the preceding fiscal year were liquidated. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $12,295. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project, initiated in June 1940, was suspended during the period 1943-45 due to the war emergency and completed in May 1950. At this time the project was turned over to the cities of Portsmouth and New Boston for maintenance and operation. During fiscal year 1955 remedial work, necessitated by a sewer failure in the vicinity of pump station No. 8, was accomplished. The costs for new work to the end of fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds__ $9, 667, 705 Emergency relief funds 0, 089 1---------------------- The total costs were_ _- 9, 677, 794 FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1089 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-....... -$28,000 $6,500 -$843 $120,000 $12,248 2 $9,677,794 Cost -------------- 5,978 2,556 23,577 119,953 12,295 29,677,794 1 In addition $15,150 fornew work was expended from contributed funds. 2Includes $10,089 emergency relief funds. 12. SUTTON RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The dam site of the Sutton Reservoir is located on Elk River, W. Va., 1 mile above the town of Sutton, W. Va., and approximately 101 miles above the mouth of Elk River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a concrete gravity dam having a maximum height of 220 feet; and an overall length of 1,178 feet, consisting of 280 feet of spillway section and 898 feet of nonoverflow sections and abutments. The reservoir created will provide for the storage of 265,300 acre-feet and control a drainage area of 537 square miles. It will necessitate the relocation of 8.6 miles of railroad tracks, 10.2 miles of roads, 5.7 miles of telephone lines, 9.7 miles of power- lines, 8.5 miles of telegraph lines, and 12 cemeteries containing 615 graves. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the general protection of the Elk, Kanawha, and Ohio Valleys. The existing project was selected for construc- tion under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin con- tained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $33,300,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. A contract for Balti- more and Ohio Railroad relocation work (sec. 2, grading) was awarded and work advanced to about 31 percent completion. A contract for construction of State Road from U. S. 19 to Forks of Wolf Creek was awarded and work advanced to about 58 percent completion. An A-E contract was awarded for the design of the dam and work thereunder initiated and completed. Work in connection with the acquisition of land progressed throughout the year and consisted principally of acquiring all lands required for relocation of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad relocation (sec. 2) and relocated State Road with the exception of 2 tracts. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $1,566,311. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in October 1949. Construction work completed consists of sealing an abandoned coal mine at the dam site, and construction of section 1 (grading) of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad reloca- tion. Construction of B & O Railroad relocation work (sec. 2, grading) and construction of State Road from U. S. 19 to Forks of Wolf Creek are in progress by contract. Plans and specifica- 1090 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 tions for the dam are complete and are in the process of being re- viewed, preparatory to advertisement for bids. Of the estimated 523 tracts of land required for the project, 134 tracts have been acquired. The entire project is about 10 percent complete. The cost of new work to the end of the year was $3,314,135. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ......._ .. . _ - -$94,600 __--- ...-.. ,__ 1$1,600,000 1 $3,461,400 Cost . . $257,183 79,077 $112,984 $18,616 1,566,311 3,314,135 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----- $5, 784 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - - 14, 200, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-____ 4, 205, 784 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ 32, 561,400 1 Reflects loan of $300,000 fiscal year 1956; repaid fiscal year 1957. 13. MAYSVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The work covered by this project is within the con- fines of the city of Maysville, Ky., located on the left bank of the Ohio River, 408 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of about 7,350 feet of concrete walls and 6,850 feet of earth levees extending along Goose Creek and the Ohio River; 5 electrically operated pump stations and necessary appurtenant drainage structures for disposal of interior drainage; 10 gate openings; and 2 ramps for traffic during nonflood periods. The project will provide protection for the city of Maysville against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot free- board. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost (1956) is $6,510,000, the estimated non-Federal cost is $563,- 700, which includes $38,700 contributed by local interests toward construction of the project. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Work under contract for construction of section 4 (final wall and levee section) was continued and advanced from 37 percent to 98 percent completion. Work under contract for construction of pump stations and equip- ment installation was initiated and advanced to about 85 percent completion. A contract for dehumidification of pump stations was awarded just prior to the end of the year. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $1,783,559. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in July 1949. The following features of the work are FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1091 complete: Sections 1, 2 and 3, consisting principally of earth levee, concrete wall, a new creek channel, one culvert and appur- tenances; Limestone Creek culvert and gatewell; Limestone Creek levee and extension; and delivery of pumping equipment. Con- struction of section 4 (final wall and levee section) is in progress and is about 98 percent complete. Work under contract for con- struction of pump stations and equipment installation is in progress and about 85 percent complete. A contract for dehumidi- fication of pump stations has been awarded but construction operations have not been initiated. Upon completion of work in progress and under contract, construction of the project will be complete. The entire project is about 97 percent complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year from Federal funds was $6,283,834. In addition, $38,689 was ex- pended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ____.. $1,000,000 $995,000$1,000,000 $800,000 $1,390,000 1$6,509,794 Cost_--- --- ____- 388,012 1,049,626 957,834 1,126,479 1,783,559 6,283,834 1In addition, $38,689 was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___._ $50, 695 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-____-_ 50, 695 14. HUNTINGTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The work covered by this project is within the con- fines of the city of Huntington, W. Va., on the left bank of the Ohio River, from mile 304.25 to 313.12 below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. Section I: This part of the project consists of about 19,400 feet of earth levee and 2,200 feet of concrete wall extending along the Ohio River and landward to high ground at the western extremity of the project; 6 electrically operated pump stations for the disposal of interior drainage; appurtenant drain- age structures; and 6 gate openings. Protection is provided for the west end of Huntington against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. This section of the existing project was selected for construction under the gen- eral authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. This section of the project was constructed at a Federal cost of $2,327,700. The estimated cost to the city of Huntington for lands and damages was $655,000. Section II: This part of the project consists of about 17,900 feet of concrete wall extending along the Guyandot and Ohio Rivers; 24 gate openings and storage houses; 7 pump stations for the disposal of interior drainage; and a continuous toe drain 1092 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 adjacent to the landward side of the base of the wall. Protection is provided for the business section of Huntington against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. This section of the existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin con- tained in the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. The section of the project was constructed at a Federal cost of $2,592,- 896. The estimated cost to the City of Huntington for lands and damages was $412,000. Section III: This part of the project consists of about 16,800 feet of concrete walls and 4,600 feet of earth levees extending along the Guyandot and Ohio Rivers and landward to high ground at the eastern extremity of the project; 4 electrically operated pump sta- tions for the disposal of interior drainage; appurtenant drainage structures; and 15 gate openings. Protection is provided for the east end of Huntington against floods of 1937 magnitude (maxi- mum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. This section of the existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. This section of the project was constructed at a total cost of $2,129,427, of which $2,127,127 was Federal cost and $2,300 was contributed by local interests. The estimated cost to the city of Huntington for the lands and damages was $440,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Section II: Work uinder contract, awarded during the preceding fiscal year, for reme- dial work in vicinity of 16th Street, was initiated and completed. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $38,905. Condition at end of fiscal year. Section I: Construction of this section was initiated in May 1940 and completed in December 1942. The cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: Regular funds__ $2, 325,200 Emergency relief funds 2, 500 The total cost, all funds, was _ 2, 327, 700 Section II: Construction of this section was initiated in August 1938 and completed in May 1940. Subsequent to the date the project was turned over to the city, remedial work became neces- sary in two locations within the section. During fiscal years 1954 to 56, inclusive, this remedial work was initiated and com- pleted. The cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was as follows : Regular funds ___________________________________ $2, 528, 896 Emergency relief funds ________________________________ 64, 000 The total cost, all funds, was______________________ _ 2,592, 896 Section III: Construction of this section was initiated in July 1941 and completed in December 1947. The cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: Regular funds---------------------------- - $2, 124, 627 Emergency relief funds__ 2, 500 The total cost, all funds, was- - -- 2, 127, 127 FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1093 In addition, $2,300 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .. $6,000 $58,000 -$8,369 2 $7,047,723 Cost ---- 159 $18 $5,823 10,726 38,905 2 7,047,723 1In addition, $2,300 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2 Includes $69,000 emergency relief funds. 15. CATLETTSBURG, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. This project is located on the left bank of the Ohio River at the confluence of the Ohio and Big Sandy Rivers at Cat- lettsburg, Boyd County, Ky., about 317 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of about 3,870 feet of concrete walls and 6,480 feet of earth levees extending along the Ohio and Big Sandy Rivers; 4 electrically operated pump stations and necessary appurtenant drainage structures for disposal of interior drainage; 7 gate open- ings; and 1 levee ramp for traffic during nonflood periods. The project will provide protection for the city of Catlettsburg against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot free- board. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost (1956) is $4,560,000, the estimated non-Federal cost is $300,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work under contract for constructing section 1, consisting principally of earth levees, was initiated. Preparation of plans and specifications for section 2 (remaining wall and levee) was initiated by hired labor and ad- vanced to 40 percent completion. Work under A-E contract for preparation of plans and specifications for the projects four pump stations was initiated and advanced to 60 percent completion. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $371,448. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in March 1956 with commencement of operations, under contract, for constructing section 1. Work under this contract is about 32 percent complete. Preparation of plans and specifica- tions for section 2 and the projects four pump stations was in progress and well advanced. The entire project is about 10 per- cent complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $423,056. 1094 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$8,392 __ .. ___-....... _.___ _ 1 $392,000 1$443,608 Cost.----------------- 17 ------------------ ------------ 371,448 423,056 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____ $2, 327 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 1908, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ __------ 910,327 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ______________ 3,208,400 1 Reflects loan of $92,000 fiscal year 1956; repaid fiscal year 1957. 16. SUMMERSVILLE RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The Summersville Dam site is located on Gauley River, in the vicinity of 39.6 miles above the confluence of the Gauley and New Rivers at Gauley Bridge, Nicholas County, W. Va. Existing project. The project provides for the construction of a rockfill dam with height and length approximating 325 and 1,980 feet, respectively, with controlled outlet works discharging through an uncontrolled saddle near the right abutment. The reservoir created, will provide for the storage of approximately 331,700 acre-feet and control approximately 791 square miles of drainage area of Gauley River. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Gauley, Kanawha, and Ohio Valleys, generally. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authoriza- tion for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $37,700,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys and engi- neering studies, necessary for the preparation of a general design memorandum, were resumed. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $24,038 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The general design memor- andum was approximately 20 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $219,608. FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1095 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work* Appropriated ------- -$36,530 -------- ------------------------ $75,000 $270,570 Cost.............-----------------. 1,762------------------------------------ 4,038 219,608 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- -_-- $26, 704 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - __ 100, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___ -___________ 126, 704 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ ____ -_ _ _ _ _____ 37, 329, 500 17. DEWEY RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The dam site of the Dewey Reservoir is located on Johns Creek, about 7 miles southeast of Paintsville, Ky., and 5.4 miles above the confluence of Johns Creek and Levisa Fork of Big Sandy River. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled-earthfill dam having a maximum height of 118 feet and a total length of 913 feet; controlled outlet works discharging through a tunnel in the left abutment; an uncontrolled spillway discharging through a channel excavated in the left or west abutment; and a rolled earth- fill dike which blocks a low divide to Brandykeg Creek and the Levisa Fork. The reservoir created, providing for the storage of 93,300 acre-feet, controls 207 square miles of the drainage area of Johns Creek, and necessitated the relocation or reconstruction of 8.3 miles of roads, 9.7 miles of pipelines, and 5.2 miles of tele- phone lines. The reservoir is being operated as a unit of the co- ordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Levisa Fork, Big Sandy, and Ohio Valleys, generally. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the project, as completed, was $6,348,182. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $50,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work in connection with contractor's claim and the real estate audit was conducted during the period. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and neces- sary repairs were made to the structures and appurtenances. Facilities for the accommodation and protection of the visiting public were maintained in good condition. The total cost was $49,642 of which $7,609 was for new work, and $42,033 was for maintenance. 1096 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the Levisa Fork, Big Sandy, and Ohio Valleys, generally. Construction of the dam was started in March 1946 and completed in July 1949. All construc- tion operations, including the relocation of highway and utility facilities affected by the project, are complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 12,186 acres in fee, and flowage easements over 1,170 acres. The total cost to the end of the year was $6,596,645, of which $6,348,182 was for new work and $248,463 was for maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $17,252 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..__..__ ... _______ - _ -$225,100 .. . .... _ -$67,800 $1,282 $6,348,182 Cost_----- - $78,970 90,226 $36,716 14,453 7,609 16,348,182 Maintenance: Appropriated --------. 46,100 33,907 33,900 39,500 39,900 249,353 Cost--------------- 39,166 35,532 37,536 36,565 42,033 2248,476 1In addition, surplus property valued at $17,200 was transferred totthe project without reimbursement. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $52 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 18. BLUESTONE RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. On New River, W. Va. and Va., about 2.5 miles above Hinton, W. Va., and 1 mile above the confluence of the New and Greenbrier Rivers. Existing project. The project provides for a concrete gravity dam having a maximum height of 180 feet and an overall length of 2,048 feet, consisting of 790 feet of spillway section, 330 feet of powerhouse intake structure, and 928 feet of nonoverflow sec- tions and abutments. The reservoir created, extending approxi- mately 36 miles upstream from the dam and providing for the gross storage of 631,000 acre-feet, is being operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the New, Kanawha, and Ohio Valleys, generally. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $28,910,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $88,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. Prior to the fore- going authorizations, under provisions of Executive Order No. 7183A, September 12, 1935 (which authorized the construction of a reservoir dam on New River for the reduction of flood heights in the Kanawha and Ohio Valleys, and for the develop- ment of power), surveys, foundation explorations, clearing of reservoir area, design of dam, and the acquisition of land were undertaken. The sum of $543,960 from Emergency Relief funds was allotted for initiating this work. For further details, see page 1453 of the Annual Report for 1939. FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1097 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Con- struction of radio network for hydrologic data was continued. A minor amount of work in connection with the audit of real es- tate acquisitions was accomplished. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and neces- sary repairs were made -to structures and appurtenances. Fa- cilities for the accommodation and protection of the visiting public were maintained in good condition. The total cost was $86,024, of which $14,421 was for new work, and $71,603 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete, and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the New, Kanawha, and Ohio Valleys, generally. Construction of the dam, initiated in Janu- ary 1942, was suspended during the war years and completed in April 1952. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 21,921 acres in fee, and flowage easements over 546 acres. Work remaining to complete the project consists of com- pleting installation of the radio network for hydrologic data. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $29,389,453, of which $28,902,899 was for new work and $486,554 was for maintenance. In addition surplus property valued at $26,931 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated __ _------_ ___ -$56,000 ------------ ----------- $13,000 1$28,903,260 Cost--------------$1,317,826 93,396 $91,134 $9,854 14,421 1228,902,899 Maintenance: Appropriated .. .. 88,600 60,833 70,600 67,500 72,600 487,433 Cost---- 70,872 76,963 67,852 71,418 71,603 8486,554 1 Includes $543,960 emergency relief funds. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $26,839 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 3 In addition, surplus property valued at $92 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ...---.. $156 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957____ 6, 740 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 6,896 19. OHIO RIVER BASIN, HUNTINGTON DISTRICT Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, floodwalls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Huntington, W. Va., district. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, authorized the construction of levees, floodwalls, and drain- 1098 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 age structures for the protection of cities and towns in the Ohio River Basin, the projects to be selected by the Chief of En- gineers with the approval of the Secretary of War, in accordance with House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, at a cost not to exceed $24,877,000 for con- struction, which amount was authorized to be appropriated for this purpose. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 approved the general comprehensive plan for flood c6ntrol and other purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Com- mittee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers, may be advisable, and for in- itiation and partial accomplishment of the plan;, authorized $75,000,000 for reservoirs and $50,300,000 for local flood pro- tection works, the individual projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939, contained the provision that the Muskingum River Valley dams and reser- voirs as set forth in the official plan of the Muskingum watershed conservancy district shall be included in the flood-control plan of the Ohio River Basin authorized in the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the additional sum of $45,000,000 for the prosecution of the com- prehensive plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Congress. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the additional sum of $70,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as modified by the act approved August 18, 1941, for the Ohio River Basin, including the Burr Oak Reservoir on the Hocking River, Ohio, substantially in accordance with the recommenda- tions of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 762, 77th Congress, 2d session, at an estimated cost of $400,000. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the additional sum of $125,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Congress including the local flood protection works at Galax, Va., on Chest- nut Creek, substantially in accordance with the recommenda- tions of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 506, 78th Congress, 1st session, at an estimated cost of $276,125. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized the additional sum of $100,000,000 for the prosecution of the com- prehensive plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Congress. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Huntington district. FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1099 Local Protection Projects Estimalted cost Location 1 Type of protection Total Non- Federal Federal Aberdeen, Ohio 3_-- ----- __ ._ Wall and levee_ ...... $1,430,000 $55,000 $1,485,000 Ashland, Ky.--- ------------------- do- 3,710,000 313,000 4,023,000 Athalia, Ohio 3_ -.- ______ -____ Levee______ _ 630,000 187,000 817,000 Belpre, Ohio 3___- 3 - - - ____ - - - - - - ___---___ -- -- - - - Wall -_-and levee -...... __ 3,570,000 448,000 4,018,000 Brooklyn, W. Va. _do 5,200,000 226,000 5,426,000 Buena Vista, Ohio 3--- __-----------_ Wall and levee- ....... 593,000 197,000 790,000 Burlington, Ohio 3_-----------____-__ Levee_ __ __ 146,000 117,000 263,000 Catlettsburg, Ky.i6...------------------. 3 Wall and levee ___.... 4,560,000 300,000 64,860,000 Ceredo-Kenova, W. Va. ...------- --------- do.. 2,700,000 265,000 4 2,965,000 Chambersburg, Ohio 3--- - __ do_....-..---------- 1,600,000 53,000 1,653,000 Chesapeake, Ohio ____ ___ __ Levee_......__ __-_._ 330,000 139,000 469,000 Cheshire, Ohio 3.......-----------------------..do ... 419,000 147,000 566,000 Clarington, Ohio 3 3__ ________-______- - Wall and levee......... 2,710,000 249,000 2,959,000 Clifton, W. Va. -------------------- ....... . Levee..... 230,000 113,000 343,000 Coal Grove, Ohio 3 _____________ Wall and levee -- ____. 888,000 55,000 943,000 Friendly, W. Va...---------------------do 3 .............. 655,000 61,000 716,000 Fullerton, Ky. .do.....-------.do_.... -...... 1,090,000 178,000 1,268,000 Galax (New River Basin), Va.3... - ..---- Channel improvement and levee. 480,536 185,000 4665,536 Gallipolis, Ohio- ------------------ Wall and levee........ 2,670,000 839,000 3,509,000 Greenup, Ky.. -.------------------------ do.... . 2,660,000 512,000 3,172,000 Hanging Rock, Ohio 3 ---------------- Levee.._____ 467,000 155,000 622,000 Hartford, W. Va.3.---------- - ..- Wall and levee- ........ 2,880,000 222,000 3,102,000 Henderson, W. Va.3----------------- Levee.______ ______ 437,000 188,000 625,000 Hockingport, Ohio 3---------do---......-- - 568,000 242,000 810,000 Huntington, W. Va.: Sec. 1 (West end) 5--------- .- Wall and levee ........ 2,327,700 655,000 42,982,700 Sec. 2 (Business section) 5----------- Wall____________________ 2,592,896 412,000 43,004,896 Sec. 3 (Guyandot) 65_------- ____ Wall and levee ....... 2,127,127 7442,300 42,569,427 Ironton, Ohio 3-------- do---.------- -___ 2,570,000 669,000 43,239,000 Letart, W. Va. .----- do----------------- 938,000 123,000 1,061,000 Letart Falls, Ohio 3-. ------- . do .. .__ ----- 992,000 126,000 1,118,000 Manchester, Ohio 3 ___ _ _Levee_ __ 1,330,000 377,000 1,707,000 Mapleshade, Ohio 3- --- do.............. 1,330,000 298,000 1,628,000 Marietta, Ohio 3_- - - ______ -__ Wall and levee........__ 14,000,000 822,000 14,822,000 Mason, W. Va.3- ----------------------- do..... 1,040,000 238,000 1,278,000 Massillon (Muskingum River Basin), Channel improvement, 8,136,366 8477,813 48,614,179 Ohio 6. 5 - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - wall and levee. Maysville, Ky. Wall and levee.......... 6,510,000 9 525,000 6 7,035,000 Middleport, Ohio ------- ------ do--....--o 5,000,000 406,000 6 5,406,000 Miller, Ohio ------- Levee........------- 519,000 173,000 692,000 Millwood, W. Va. _ Wall and levee ......... 843,000 134,000 977,000 New Martinsville, W. Va.3-- ..-. do.....---.---do . New Matamoras, Ohio 3 _____ Newark (Muskingum River Basin), ----- ... do.__.__.____ Channel improvement 4,670,000 2,090,000 785,880 643,000 285,000 21,000 5,313,000 2,375,000 4806,880 Ohio 5. and levee. Newport, Ohio _--- - _Levee ........ .. 318,000 84,000 402,000 Normal, Ky.3---------------------- Wall and levee......... 648,000 235,000 883,000 Parkersburg, W. Va. do..... ....------------------- 6,610,000 300,000 46,910,000 Point Pleasant, W. Va.3....----------------- do ..... .__ 2,890,000 278,000 43,168,000 Pomeroy, Ohio 3 - do----- ..... ...--------- --- 16,500,000 346,000 16,846,000 Portland, Ohio --------- do-.------------- 1,040,000 104,000 1,144,000 Portsmouth-New Boston, Ohio 5-..... ........ do ......... __.___. 9,780,000 10o525,000410,305,000 Powhatan Point, Ohio ...----.. __.. . .... do... ....... .... 4,720,000 397,000 5,117,000 Proctor, W. Va.3---------------------- Levee.............. 334,000 121,000 455,000 Proctorville, Ohio -.------------- Resettlement.........__ 2,700,000........... _ 2,700,000 Racine, Ohio 3__________- _____- Wall and levee ....... __ 985,000 120,000 1,105,000 Ravenswood, W. Va.3--- .- . - ..... .do------- 1,470,000 106,000 1,576,000 Riverview, W. Va. _-----------------Levee__-.----__ .- 881,000 115,000 996,000 Roseville (Muskingum River Basin), Channel improvement__ 1,070,000 1259,000 6 1,129,000 Ohio 11. Russell, Ky. ---------------------- Levee (backwater pro- 237,193 10,000 4247,193 tection). St. Marys, W. Va.3.-- Sardis, Ohio 3 and levee........ _----------------------- Levee___ .Wall 1,510,000 285,000 139,000 60,000 1,649,000 345,000 Sciotoville, Ohio 3__ __.___ __________ Wall and levee......... 1,460,000 377,000 1,837,000 Sistersville, W. Va.3--_---------------_-----do. __... 1,770,000 269,000 2,039,000 See footnotes at end of table. 1100 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local Protection Projects-Continued Estimated cost Location 1 Type of protection Total Non- Federal Federal South Point, Ohio 3_______________-----do ....---------------- $992,000 $117,000 $1,109,000 South Portsmouth, Ky.3 ----------- Levee___----------------- 370,000 137,000 507,000 Syracuse, Ohio 3______________________---do _------- 1,220,000 100,000 1,320,000 Vanceburg, Ky_ .. . _____________ Wall and levee ....--------- 2,060,000 596,000 6 2,656,000 Waverly, W. Va.3 ----------------- Wall and levee .....--------- 3,480,000 251,000 3,731,000 Williamstown, W. Va.3 3 do.....---------------- 2,580,000 136,000 2,716,000 Woodlands, W. Va. --------------- Levee __ - 206,000 28,000 234,000 Zanesville.(Muskingum River), Ohio Wall and levee ......... 8,110,000 13,000,000 21,110,000 1All projects are located on the Ohio River, unless otherwise noted. 2 Latest cost estimate revision 1954, unless otherwise noted. 3 Also see listing of this project under improvement "Other authorized flood-control projects". 4 Construction completed. 5 For details, see individual report. 6 Latest cost estimate revision 1956. ?Includes $2,300 of construction funds contributed by local interests. 8 Construction funds contributed by Massillon Conservancy District. 9 Includes $38,700 of construction funds contributed by local interests. 10Includes $15,150 of construction funds contributed by local interests. 11 See Annual Report for 1955 for individual report. 12 Construction funds to be contributed by local interests. Reservoirs Total Tributary basin and reservoir Stream estimated cost 1 Big Sandy: 2- - - -- - -- - - - - - - Clintwood, Va. ____ ___ Pound River-------------------- $6,080,000 Dewey, Ky........--------------------------- 2 - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Johns Creek--------------------- 46,348,182 Fishtrap, Ky. -. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Levisa Fork __.. 2 28,300,000 Haysi, Va. - .- .. 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Russell Fork-------------------- 10,100,000 Guyandot: Mud River, W. Va. _.. Mud River --------------------- 10,600,000 Hocking: Logan, Ohio 2-- - -___ _______ Clear Creek--------------------- 4,230,000 Tom Jenkins, Ohio 3____- __. _____-__ East Branch of Sunday Creek___ 5 6 2,090,000 Kanawha: 2- - - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Big Bend, W. 2Va. - -- . ----------- --- ---- - - --- Greenbrier River---------------- 13,900,000 Birch, W. Va. ___3 - Birch River_--------------------- 6,450,000 Bluestone, W. Va. -______------------------ 2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- New River-__ ------- ----. 7 28,910,000 Moores Ferry, 2- -W.- Va.- - - ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - New River__------------------ 25,600,000 Poca, W. Va. _ Pocatalico River____.........___ 21,600,000 Summersville, W. Va.--------___------ Gauley River_------------------- 7 37,700,000 Sutton, W. Va. ----------------------- Elk River---------------------- 7 33,300,000 Little Kanawha: 2 - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - Burnsville, W. Va. 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Little Kanawha River --....... 6,520,000 Steer Creek, W. Va. _.. Steer Creek --------------------- 8,520,000 West Fork, W. Va.2____....__ .... _______._____ West Fork----- ----------------- 6,640,000 Muskingum: Dillon, Ohio 3 -------------------------- Licking River .............------------------- 7 28,800,000 Frazeysburg, Ohio___ ......... -- __________- Wakatomika Creek -.......... 75,800,000 Millersburg, Ohio 2 ________Killbuck Creek ----------------- 12,000,000 Muskingum River Reservoirs, Ohio (System On various streams-----..-. - . 7 41,100,000 of 14 reservoirs).3 Scioto: Big Darby Creek, Ohio 2_____ .-- ____ __ Big Darby Creek_ 18,600,000 Deer Creek, Ohio 2--_ __..--------- Deer Creek___---------------------- 13,200,000 Delaware, Ohio 3-------------------------Olentangy River ---------------- __ 4 7,632,288 Paint Creek, Ohio 2__- --- _-_--____ Paint Creek --------------------- ...... 13,800,000 Rocky Fork, Ohio 2 8 ------- 2- - Rocky Fork --------------------- ............ 9 4,410,000 Twelvepole Creek: East Lynn, W. Va. East Fork----------------------- 9,020,000 1 Latest cost estimate revision 1954 unless otherwise noted. 2 Also see listing of this project under improvements "Other Authorized Flood-Control Projects". 3 For details see individual report. 4 Construction completed. 6Latest cost estimate revision 1955. 8 Total cost $2,875,000, the additional $785,000 to be contributed by local interests. 7 Latest cost estimate revision 1956. 8 See annual report for 1950 for individual report. 9 Total cost $6,349,000 the additional $1,939,000 to be contributed by local interests. FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1101 Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Preliminary surveys and plans have been completed for a number of projects included in the comprehensive plan. The status of projects selected for con- struction under this authorization is given in individual reports. As a result of the curtailment of planning functions, work under this heading has been suspended. The costs of new work to the end of the fiscal year are as follows: Regular funds- $269, 547 Emergency relief funds- 10, 920 Total all funds_ 280, 467 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$73,556 ......--------------------------------------------............ 1 $280,467 Cost- --------------- 31---- .-- ......- ... 1-"- 280,467 1 Includes $10,920 emergency relief funds. 20. FLOODWALL REHABILITATION Expenditures to Estimated cost Name of project June 30, 1956 to complete Ashland, Ohio River Basin, Ky_-------------------------------- $3,515 $10,500 Ceredo-Kenova, Ohio River Basin, W. Va __---------------------- 6,632 93,400 Huntington, Ohio River Basin, W. Va .. -------------------------- 3,791 58,200 Ironton, Ohio River Basin, Ohio . .........-------------------------------- 4,288 22,700 Parkersburg, Ohio River Basin, W. Va ------------------------- 15,434 35,600 Point Pleasant, Ohio River Basin, W. Va ----------------- ... - 5,390 54,600 Portsmouth-New Boston, Ohio River Basin, Ohio_ -. 4,413 97,600 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $125,355 $125,355 Cost---------------------------------------------- --------- 43,463 43,463 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _ $27, 780 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30,1957__ 282, 700 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - -- -_-- 310, 480 1102 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 21. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to Ju ne 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Local Protection Projects: Aberdeen, Ohio .....---------------------- $1,334 ......... .... 1 $1,428,700 Ashland, Ky...-------------...................----------... 1954- 3,695,647 (2) Athalia, Ohio--------................------------------ ------------ -------------- 1630,000 Belpre, Ohio_--.--------------------------- ------------ -------------- ....... |.---. 33,570,000 Brooklyn, W. Va..---------- .---------- ------------ ---.... _._._. 15,200,000 Buena Vista, Ohio-.....--------------------- ------------ -------------- -------------- 3 593,000 Burlington, Ohio...-------------------------- .............. 1146,000 Ceredo-Kenova, W. Va......---------------- 1955 2,600,280 (2) Chambersburg, Ohio_------------------ ------------ -------- 1 1,600,000 Chesapeake, Ohio-----------....--------------- 1330,000 Cheshire, Ohio-------------------------- ............ --........---- .---........ 3 419,000 Clarington, Ohio---.........-............------------------ ------------ ............- .............. 1 2,710,000 Clifton, W. Va .....---------------------- ------------ ............ -------------- ------- ___ - 1 230,000 Coal Grove, Ohio.....----------------------- 3,389 S884,600 Friendly, W. Va----- .............---------------- ------------ -------------- 1655,000 Fullerton, Ky---_ ------------------- 3 1,090,000 Galax, Va-.... . ..-------------------------- 1953 480,536 (2) Gallipolis, Ohio-...------------------------ 32,670,000 Greenup, Ky _.__ ..-----. ------------------ 4,962 12,655,000 Hanging Rock, Ohio---__------------------ .----------- -------.. . _._. .. - ---- .-- 1467,000 Hartford, W. Va __-----____---------------- ------------ .............. - -. - - - - 1 2,880,000 Henderson, W. Va------------------------ -------------- 3 437,000 Hockingport, Ohio....---------------------- 1568,000 ...---------------------- Ironton, Ohio----- 1952 2,543,397 (2) Letart, W. Va _---------------------- -------------- 1938,000 Letart Falls, Ohio.---------.......----------- ............ -------------- 1992,000 Manchester, Ohio_-------------------- ............ 9,819 --.---------- 31,320,200 Mapleshade, Ohio ___-----_--------------- ............ -------------- ......... ... .. 1 1,330,000 Marietta, Ohio-------------------------- ............ -------------- -----------. 3 14,000,000 Mason, W. Va ....-------------------------- ............ .... ........ 3 1,040,000 Miller, Ohio------------------------- ............ -------------- . . . . . . . . . - - 1519,000 Millwood, W. Va--__-----_ ------------- ------------ ............ ......----... 1 843,000 New Martinsville, W. Va_--------------- 34,670,000 New Matamoras, Ohio-_-- ..--------------- 1 2,090,000 Newport, Ohio__----------------------- 1318,000 Normal, Ky---........-- -------------------- 1 648,000 Parkersburg, W. Va_---------------- 1953 6,568,922 ---------- .. (2) Point Pleasant, W. Va- .__-------------- 2,829,297 (2) Pomeroy, Ohio------------------------------ .........--- 3 16,500,000 Portland, Ohio------ .................---------------- - ---------- -------------- 11,040,000 Powhatan Point, Ohio....._---------------- ....-------- 14,720,000 Proctor, W. Va__-------------------------- ------------ ...... ---- . 1334,000 Proctorville, Ohio......................------------------- ---..------ -- 3 2,700,000 Racine, Ohio------................------------------ - - - - .-- . - - 1985,000 Ravenswood, W. Va_----------------- -------------- -------------- - -- -- - - - 1 1,470,000 Riverview, W. Va__------------------------ ............ 1881,000 Russell, Ky ... . ..-..------------------------ 237,193 - - - -- -. . (2) St. Marys, W. Va----------------------- ------------ ............ -- -- -__ 11,510,000 ............ Sardis, Ohio__-- _-_---------------------- ............ - -- - -- - - 1285,000 Sciotoville, Ohio--------------------- ............ - -- -- - - - 1 1,460,000 Sistersville, W. Va.. ...-------------------- -------- __ -- - - - -- -_ _ 11,770,000 South Point, Ohio----------------------- -- --- -_ 1 992,000 South Portsmouth, Ky __---------------- ----------- - 3370,000 Syracuse, Ohio--------------- ...-- ------ '1,220,000 Waverly, Ohio..------------------------ _____-_ --- - -- -- - - - 13,480,000 Williamstown, W. Va_--------- - -- -- - - - 12,580,000 Woodlands, W. Va___----------------- -- - - - - . 1 206,000 Zanesville, Ohio-......-------------------- - - -- - - -- 18,110,000 Reservoirs: - -- -- - - - Big Bend, W. Va ......................... --- - - r-- - - - -. -- 3 13,900,000 Big Darby Creek, Ohio---..------------ . . - - - - - . 3 18,600,000 Birch, W. Va....-------------- -------- -- -. -- - - -- 36,450,000 Burnsville, W. Va__-------------------- - - - - - -.-- S6,520,000 Clintwood, Va ..------ -..---------------- ----------- ------------ - - - - -- . . - 36,080,000 Deer Creek, Ohio .............-----... '13,200,000 East Lynn, W. Va .......------- ----------- - . . - --- -. . __ - - - - 3 9,020,000 Fishtrap, Ky_----------------------- .... --- . . 3 28,300,000 Haysi, Va ------------------------ ------ ------------- S10,100,000 Logan, Ohio------------------- ------ 34,230,000 Millersburg, Ohio_ - -- 3 12,000,000 Moores Ferry, Va _-- 3 25,600,000 Mud River, W. Va .... 3 10,600,000 Paint Creek, Ohio ......-------------------- 3 13,800,000 FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1103 For last Cost to June 30, 1956 full report Estimated see Annual amount re- Name of project Report Operation quired to for- Construction and mainte- complete nance Poca, W. Va-- _------------- ---- - ---------- -------------- -------------- 21,600,000 Rocky Fork, Ohio...----------------------- 1950 $91,321------------ 3 4,318,700 Steer Creek, W. Va-------------------------------------- -------------- 38,520,000 West Fork,W. Va --------------------------------------------------- 36,640,000 1Inactive-latest cost estimate revision 1954. 2 Completed. 3 To be restudied. Latest cost estimate revision 1954. 22. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and subsequent acts require local interests to furnish assurances that they will maintain and operate certain local protection projects after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. District Engineers are responsible for the administration of these regulations within the boundaries of their respective districts. The current (1956) estimate of the annual cost of this work in the Huntington District is $3,000. Maintenance inspections were made during the fiscal year of completed units of projects transferred to local interests for maintenance and operation. Local interests were advised, as necessary, of measures required to maintain these projects in ac- cordance with standards prescribed by the regulations. The cost during the year was $2,844 for maintenance. The cost to the end of the fiscal year was $21,147 for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-------...... $2,500 $1,741 $3,000 $6,700 $2,906 $21,147 Cost.---------------- 1,900 2,338 3,026 6,898 2,844 21,147 23. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act.) During the fiscal year, construction was initiated and completed, under the contract awarded during the preceding year for straightening and clearing the channel of Cherry River at Richwood, W. Va. The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $48,534. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year amounted to $173,386. 1104 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 In addition, $50,000 for new work, was expended from con- tributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- $75,490 .._. 8 $60,000 -$604 $173,386 Cost-- ----- __- 65,360 $45,428 -10,862 48,534 173,386 1In addition, $50,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue (PL 99, 84th Cong., 1st sess., and antecedent legisla- tion.) Pursuant to these Authorizations, a total of $132,910 has been allotted to the Huntington District to June 30, 1956, for emer- gency flood-control work. Total costs during the fiscal year were $8,509 for flood emer- gency operations and preparation of post flood reports. Total costs to June 30, 1956 have been $130,872. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated.....-------- Cost -_______- ___-_ $15,550 15,550 $13,780 _$21,487 13,780 _14,940 $4,000 8,509 $132,910 130,872 24. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs and expenditures during the fiscal year were $55,982. An allotment for fiscal year 1957 of $115,100, plus an unex- pended balance of $670 will be applied to 4 flood-control studies (3survey and 1 preliminary examination). The additional sum of $50,600 can be profitably expended dur- ing fiscal year 1958 in accomplishing work under this heading. 25. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Hydrologic studies were accomplished during this fiscal year at a cost of $1,074. No unexpended balance remains and no work isanticipated for the next fiscal year. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of eastern Ohio, western Pennsylvania, southwestern New York, northern West Virginia, and northwestern Maryland embraced in the drainage basin of the Ohio River and tributaries above mile 109 (below Pitts- burgh), between Captina Island and Powhatan Point, Ohio. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Allegheny River, Pa., con- 15. Crooked Creek Reservoir, Ohio struction of locks and dams- 1105 River Basin, Pa----------1134 2. Tygart River Dam, W. Va _ 1109 16. Johnstown, Ohio River Basin, 3. Monongahela River, Pa., and Pa--------------------1137 W. Va 1113 17. Conemaugh River Reservoir, 4. Ohio River above mile 109, Ohio River Basin, Pa ... - _ 1138 between Captina Island and 18. Loyalhanna Reservoir, Ohio Powhatan Point, construc- River Basin, Pa---------- 1141 5. tion of locks and dams Ohio River, --- 1118 open-channel 19. Elkins, Ohio River Basin, W. Va _-------------------- 1144 work_ - 1118 20. Uniontown, Pa ________-__ 1145 6. Other authorized navigation 21. Youghiogheny River Reser- projects_ 1118 voir, Ohio River Basin, Pa_ 1146 22. Berlin Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ohio- -_____ - 1149 Flood Control 23. Mosquito Creek Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ohio- .- 1152 7. Bradford, Pa_____________ 1118 24. Wellsville, Ohio River Basin, 8. Allegheny River Reservoir, Ohio------------------ 1156 Ohio River Basin, Pa .... - 1120 25. Ohio River Basin, Pittsburgh, 9. Tionesta Reservoir, Ohio River Pa., District--__ _____ 1157 Basin, Pa--------------- 1121 26. Other authorized flood-control 10. East Branch, Clarion River projects __--_______ __ 1160 Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, 27. Inspection of completed flood- Pa--------------------1124 control works_--------- 1161 11. Johnsonburg, Ohio River Ba- 28. Flood-control work under spe- sin, Pa-----------------1127 cial authorization --------- 1161 12. Reynoldsville, Pa ---------- 1128 13. Punxsutawney, Ohio River Ba- General Investigations sin, Pa-__- ____-_ ___ 1129 14. Mahoning Creek Reservoir, 29. Examinations and surveys... 1163 Ohio River Basin, Pa ...- 1130 30. Research and development... 1163 1. ALLEGHENY RIVER, PA., CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS Location. This river rises in northern Pennsylvania, flows northwestward into New York, thence generally southwestward to Pittsburgh, Pa., where it joins with the Monongahela River to form the Ohio. Its length is 325 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for western Pennsylvania and southwestern New York.) Existing project. This provides for eight locks and dams to afford slack water navigation from Pittsburgh, Pa., to above East Brady, Pa., a distance of 72 miles. Original locks and dams 2 and 3 were replaced by new locks and dams 2 and 3 in 1934. Lock and dam 1 was eliminated in 1938 by the raising of 1105 1106 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the Emsworth Dam, Ohio River. The controlling depth through- out the canalized portion is 9 feet at normal pool level, and the channel width varies from a minimum of 200 feet to full width of river at the mouth. The cost of new work for the completed project is $18,157,860. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $450,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 For lock and dam 1. (Fixed dam contemplated. Annual Report, 1886, p. 1545, and On Sept. 29, 1891, the Secretary of War authorized Annual Report, 1891, p. 2366. the change to a movable dam.) June 3, 1896 For locks and dams 2 and 3__------------ H. Doe. 204, 54th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1896, p. 2212. July 25, 1912 For locks and dams 4 to 8, inclusive--------------H. Doc. 540, 62d Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 For a depth of 9 feet in the lower 61 miles_ ...... _ H. Doc. 356, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19351 Replacement of lock and dam 1 by a dredged chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee, nel, 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide up to lock 2, and Doc. 16, 72d Cong., 1st sess. construction of new locks and dams 2 and 3, to replace existing locks and dams 2 and 3. Do-----....... Construction of lock and dam 9, raising of the crest H. Doc. 721, 71st Cong., 3d sess., of dam 8, and dredging a navigable channel in the and Rivers and Harbors Com- head of pool 8. mittee, Doc. 27, 73d Cong., 2d sess. June 26, 19342 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Included in the Emergency Relief Administration program Apr. 8, 1935. 2 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. Locks and dams, Allegheny River, Pa. Deptths on miter Location Dimensions sillss at normal Character of foundation Type of construction C/2 Pcool level 1 Per- Year Lift cent- opened No. Avail- normal Kind of age of to Estimated or Width able pool dam com- navi- actual cost Miles of length level Lowwer Upper ple- gation above Nearest town cham- to full (feet) (feeet) (feet) Lock Dam Lock Dam tion mouth ber width (feet) (feet) 2 6.7 Aspinwall, Pa ..-------- 56 360 11.0 19).0 10.5 Rock-.-.. Rock- ... Fixed.__ Concrete__ Concrete__ 100 2 1934 $1,763,485 W 3 14.5 Cheswick, Pa ....... 56 360 13.5 10).8 11.8 _____do ... Pile-rock-__]...do... __do ____----- do _ ..... 100 2 1934 1,875,665 O 4 24.2 Natrona, Pa ....... 56 360 10.5 10).0 8.5 ..... do __ Rock--......--- do- .... __do -__ --..do-.. 100 1927 1,707,690 5 30.4 Freeport, Pa- .. - -. _ 56 360 11.8 10).5 10.3 Piling---_ Crib-pile-__... .do-....__...do .. __-- do... 100 1927 1,940,537 6 36.3 Clinton, Pa___________ 56 360 12.2 10.6 10.8 Rock-.- .. -_-- .____do do---- -----do---- ---- do... 100 1928 1,523,959 7 45.7 Kittanning, Pa _.... 56 360 13.1 9.8 10.9 Piling----------do.... do- .----- o_- ddo do__ 100 1930 1,460,008 I 8 52.6 Templeton, Pa ...-... 56 360 17.9 10.4 13.8 Rock __ - Rock-pile_ I.... do ____ _ do __......do_ 100 1931 2,848,920 1 9 62.2 Rimerton, Pa ....... 56 360 22.0 100.5 11.3 _..._do Rock _.- . ... do- ------do_---- ---- do__ 100 1938 2,510,373 - To tal.--- -- - -- -- - -- -- - -- -- - -- -- - -- -- - -- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,630,637 Abandoned lock and dam 1_ _.._____________________________________ ................................................................................. 591,187 Ci Abandoned lock and dam 2 _____________________________________ ................................................................................. 544,929 W Abandoned lock and dam 3 . -.-- .. -- ..- ------- ----------.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- - -- -- - -- -- - -- - -- -- - -- - -- -- - -- - 310,103 Demolishing old dam 1_____________________________________ 26,001 1 ................................................................................. D redging channel .... .... .... .... .... .... -... .. .. 1,055,003 1 Total ------------------------------------------- .___i__ 18,157,860 1All depths as shown are on guard sills and are controlling depths. 2 Dates shown represent replacements structures. F' -mi H 0 1108 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The city of Pittsburgh has constructed a modern wharf for river freight. There are numerous privately maintained terminals and docks consisting of tipples, various types of hoists, chutes, and pipelines for use in loading and un- loading coal, coke, sand, gravel, limestone, cement, petroleum products, steel products, and other commodities. The trans- shipment of freight between river and railroads is handled at privately owned river-to-river terminals. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Operation and maintenance, general: Reestablishment of control monuments and bench marks for navigation surveys were performed by hired labor. Snagging operations were performed as required to main- tain the navigation channel. The locks and dams were operated as required and necessary repairs and improvements made thereto and to the appurtenant structures to maintain them in a serviceable condition. In addi- tion thereto, the following major rehabilitation work was per- formed by hired labor: at lock 2, repairs were made to the upper lock gates; at lock 3, repairs to the top of the lock walls were completed; and at locks 2 to 9, inclusive, dredging of lock cham- bers and approaches was accomplished. The costs were $275,489, all for operation and care of locks and dams. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- plete, the last lock being placed in service in 1938. All locks and dams are in good condition. The navigation channel has been widened at certain points and, in general, maintained to project depth thus affording adequate depth for passage of com- mercial tows. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular ---- .....--------------------------------------- $14,454,074 $6,100,876 $20,554,950 Maintenance and operation__------____________ .... - 16,000 16,000 Public works------------------------------------- 1,250,049 ---------------- 1,250,049 Emergency relief---------------------------------- 2,453,737 ----------------- 2,453,737 Total ------------------------------------- 18,157,860 6,116,876 24,274,736 In addition, the sum of $3,528,159 was expended between January 1, 1903, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such purposes. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1109 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--- --- -$5 - - - - - 1 $18,157,860 Cost------------------------ 118,157,860 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 332,500 $369,900 $336,500 $291,500 $282,300 9,645,880 Cost---------------- 351,664 364,914 344,679 310,156 275,489 9,645,035 1 Includes $2,453,737 from emergency relief funds and $1,250,049 from public works funds. 2. TYGART RIVER DAM, W. VA. Location. The dam site is located on the Tygart River in Taylor County, W. Va., about 22.7 miles above the mouth of the river at Fairmont, W. Va. It is 2.25 miles upstream from Grafton, W. Va., and about 78 miles south of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located in Taylor and Barbour Counties, W. Va. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Fairmont, Thornton, and Belington, W. Va.) Existing project. The construction of a concrete gravity dam was authorized by the Public Works Administration January 11, 1934, and adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935. This dam is 1,921 feet in length at the top and rises 207 feet above the river bed at the uncontrolled center spillway section, which is flanked by abutment sections 23 feet higher. The structure provides for the gross controlled storage of 289,600 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 1,183 square miles. Approximately 278,400 acre-feet of this controlled stor- age are available for flood prevention in the Monongahela and Ohio Valleys, while the remaining 11,200 acre-feet are permanent storage. Low water control is also provided by storing 100,000 acre-feet during the spring months for release during low rain- fall periods to make up the deficiency of water in the Monon- gahela River. Two penstocks are contained in the dam for pos- sible future generation of hydroelectric power. The cost of new work for the completed project is $18,431,844. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $46,000. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated effectively, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam and its appurtenances and to operators' quarters and grounds. Heavy rains late on January 28, 1956, until early January 30 over the Monongahela River basin augmented by a rapid thaw of appreciable snow cover on the 29th caused a minor flood during January 30-31 along the reach between lock 6 (lower) and lock 2 (upper). The Monongahela River at locks 15 and 5 crested at 14.7 and 24.0 feet (upper gage), while the reductions were 3.4 and 2.6 feet, respectively. Minor flooding was averted between lock 7 and lock 15. Along the lower Monongahela River valley, 1110 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the period of flooding was reduced by one day. This rise was the first of a series of three major rises in the reservoir and the Monongahela River which extended into February. Heavy rain- fall again on February 2 over the Monongahela River basin augmented by a thaw of the remaining January snow cover caused a minor flood on February 3 along reaches between lock 6 (lower)--lock 4 (upper) and lock 3 (lower)--lock 2 (upper). The Monongahela River at locks 15 and 5 crested at 13.6 and 23.1 feet (upper gage), while the reductions were 2.8 and 1.2 feet, respectively. Along the lower Monongahela River valley, the period of flooding was reduced by one day, while suspension to navigation was averted for 11/ days along the upper river. Be- fore appreciable drawdown of the reservoir level was accom- plished, moderate to heavy rainfall occurred again on the 6th, causing the reservoir to rise to elevation 1130.5 on the 8th, or 120.5 feet above winter pool. This represented an impoundment of 173,800 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 62 percent of the usable winter flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Water stored in conjunction with Youghiogheny Reservoir averted a minor flood and consequent use of the floodway at lock 2. Sus- pension of navigation along the lower Monongahela River was reduced by one-half day. Lock 2 crested on the 7th at 25.8 feet, while the reduction made by this reservoir was 0.6 foot and in combination with Youghiogheny Reservoir 0.8 foot. The water stored during the triple-peak flood was the maximum amount stored and the maximum percent of flood-control storage used during the year. Moderate direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the entire course of the Monon- gahela River from Fairmont, W. Va. to lock 2 and were estimated at $136,800. Moderate to heavy rains during February 14-18, 1956 caused a series of rises in the reservoir during which 54,500 acre-feet of water was stored. Storage reduced suspension of navigation on the entire Monongahela River by one-half day and in conjunc- tion with storage in Youghiogheny Reservoir averted use of the floodway at lock 2. General heavy rain from early March 7 until early March 8 augmented by a gradual thaw during March 5-8 of heavy snow cover over the upper Allegheny River basin above Franklin, Pa., caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at Pittsburgh at 26.58 feet on the 9th and at Wheeling, W. Va. (lock 12) at 38.3 feet on the 10th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pitts- burgh was 0.4 foot and in combination with the other 7 reser- voirs above Pittsburgh 3.7 feet; and at Wheeling, the reduction was 0.4 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 4.1 feet. The Monongahela River at locks 15 and 5 crested at 13.2 and 19.8 feet (upper gage), while the reductions were 1.3 feet and 0.9 foot, respectively. During the flood, 50,100 acre-feet of water was stored. This storage averted suspension of navigation along the upper Monongahela River for one-half day and along the lower Monongahela River for 1 day. Major direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1111 the upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and minor benefits were achieved along the lower Monongahela River valley from lock 4 to the mouth and were estimated as fol- lows: Pittsburgh Damage District (lock 2, Allegheny River and lock 2, Monongahela River to mile 25.4, Ohio River), $350,600; Wheeling Damage District (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $321,500; McKeesport Damage District (lock 2 (upper) to lock 4 (lower), Monongahela River), $21,600. Heavy rainfall oc- curred again on March 14 before complete drawdown of the reservoir level was accomplished and caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1094.3 on the 16th or 84.3 feet above winter pool. This represented an impoundment of 100,600 acre-feet above minimum pool or about 36 percent of the usable winter flood- control capacity of the reservoir. Water stored during this rise averted suspension of navigation along the upper Monongahela River for 1 day, and reduced suspension of navigation along the lower Monongahela River by 1 day. Heavy rainfall late on May 26, until early on May 28, 1956, over the Monongahela River basin caused a minor flood during the 28th along reaches between lock 6 (lower) -lock 4 (upper) and lock 3 (lower)- lock 2 (upper). The Monongahela River at locks 15 and 5 crested at 14.3 and 24.1 feet, while the reductions were 1.0 and 0.7 foot, respectively. Along the lower Monon- gahela River valley the period of flooding was reduced by one-half day, while along the upper river suspension to navigation was averted for 1 day. Suspension of navigation along the lower Monongahela River was reduced by one-half day. Minor direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the entire course of the Monongahela River from Fairmont, W. Va. to lock 2 and were estimated at $30,300. This was the first of two significant rises in the reservoir and the Monongahela River which extended into June. Moderate to heavy rainfall occurred again late on May 31 until late on June 2 before appreciable draw- down of reservoir level was obtained, causing the reservoir to rise to elevation 1137.0 on the 4th or 43.0 feet above summer pool. This level, the highest reached during the year, represents an impoundment of 89,500 acre-feet above summer pool (111,200 acre-feet) or about 50 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir for that date. Water stored in the reservoir during this rise reduced the period of suspension of navigation along the lower Monongahela River by one-half day from late on June 3 to early June 4, 1956. Due to runoff deficiency in the Monongahela River basin, navi- gation and normal pool stages were maintained in the Monon- gahela River above lock 3 by release of navigation storage from Tygart Reservoir during September 7-20, 1955. The direct benefits to navigation totaled $121,500 for low-flow augmentation in the Monongahela River. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made in accordance with the storage schedule, except on the occasion of 13 minor rises when some water was stored and re- leased as river conditions permitted. Storage during a minor 1112 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 rise on February 25-26, 1956 in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh averted flood stage at Pitts- burgh. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh crested at 20.8 feet on the 26th, while the reduction made by this reservoir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 4.0 feet. Stor- age during a minor rise on March 29-30, 1956 in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool. Storage during a minor rise on April 7-8, 1956 averted suspension of navigation along the upper end of the lock 15 pool, Monongahela River, for one-half day. Of particular note is the fact that the reservoir inflow for the 5-month period from February to June 1956 was 22.96 inches. This was the greatest inflow of record of any 5-month period since maintenance of records began at the dam in 1938. Some reservoir management activity was continued throughout the year comprising sanitation measures, conservation, land management and operation and maintenance of public-use facili- ties. This work was limited in scope as the State of West Vir- ginia has jurisdiction over recreation in the reservoir area. The costs were $32,673, all for operation and maintenance. 'Conditions at end of fiscal year. The authorized project is complete. The reservoir is in operation for low water control in the Monongahela River and for the purpose of flood protection in the Monongahela and Ohio Valleys. Construction of the dam was started in 1935 and placed in operation in 1938. The costs of the project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular---- -----------------------------------.... $6,431,849 606,054 $7,037,903 Public works --------------------------------------- 10,000,000 ---------------- -10,000,000 Emergency relief--------------- ...--...----------------- 1,999,995 ---------------- 1,999,995 Total .__..............________...__--- - 18,431,844 606,054 19,037,898 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.... --------- .. ------------ ----------- ------------ ------------ $18,431,844 Cost---- ------------------------------------------------------------ 118,431,844 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-------... $32,000 $30,000 $38,000 $28,500 $34,400 607,899 Cost 36,484 33,616 35,123 35,575 32,673 606,054 1 Includes $1,999,995 from emergency relief funds and $10,000,000 from public works funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1113 3. MONONGAHELA RIVER, PA. AND W. VA. Location. This river is formed by the junction of the Tygart and West Fork Rivers about 1 mile south of Fairmont, W. Va., and flows in a northerly direction 128 miles to its junction with the Allegheny River, forming the Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for southwestern Pennsyl- vania and northern West Virginia.) Previous projects. These provided for acquisition by the United States in 1897 of original locks 1 to 7, inclusive, which were built by the Monongahela Navigation Co., and the extension of slack-water navigation to the head of the river by the con- struction of original locks 8 to 15, inclusive, prior to 1904. The projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, June 3, 1896, and June 4, 1897. For further details see page 1910 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1248, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the improvement of the river by 12 locks and dams to afford slack-water navigation for its entire length from Pittsburgh, Pa., to above Fairmont, W. Va. Original locks and dams 7, 8, and 9 were replaced by new locks and dams 7 and 8 in 1925. Increased traffic necessitated an en- largement and improvement of locks and dams 1 to 6 between Pittsburgh and Rices Landing, Pa., by the building of two parallel chambers and fixed concrete dams. Locks and dam 1 were elim- inated in 1938 by the raising of the Emsworth Dam, Ohio River. Reconstruction of locks 2 provides for two modernized navi- gation locks, one 110 by 720 feet and one 56 by 360 feet. Locks and dams 5 and 6 are inadequate for the present traffic and are nearing the end of their economic life and should be replaced. Original locks and dams 10 to 15, inclusive, are inadequate for the present traffic and should be replaced as soon as practicable. Construction of Morgantown lock and dam was the initial step in the replacement program and replaced locks and dams 10 to 11. Hildebrand and Opekiska locks and dams will replace locks 12 to 15, inclusive. Alterations to dam 8 will raise pool 8 by 4 feet. Completion of these improvements from dam 8 upstream will provide for the entire river length a minimum channel depth of 9 feet, varying in width from a minimum of 300 feet to prac- tically full width at the mouth. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) (exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects) is $130,345,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $1,500,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1114 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 1, 1899 Enlargement and improvement of lock and dam 6; Annual Report, 1897, p. 2423. additional works at lock 3; new repair steamer and new dredge boat with equipment; all at an esti- mated cost of $185,556. June 13, 1902 Rebuilding of lock and dam 2 "in accordance with Annual Report, 1909, p. 1756. report submitted by the engineer in charge, Feb. 4, 1902" (report not printed), at estimated cost of $655,961. (Estimate increased in 1910 to $698,961.) Mar. 3, 1905 Acquisition of land and additional improvements at Annual Report, 1904, p. 460. 5 and 6 at a cost of $7,850. Do -..... Rebuilding of lock and dam 3 at estimated cost of H. Doc. 209, 58th Cong., 2d sess. $589,196. Mar. 2, 1907 Reconstruction of lock and dam 5 at estimated cost of Do. $756,042. Mar. 4, 1913 Reconstruction of lock and dam 6 at estimated cost of H. Doc. 1217, 62d Cong., 3d sess. $356,400. (Estimate increased in 1916 to $418,860.) Sept. 22, 1922 Additional improvements at estimated cost as follows: H. Doc. 288, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Guide walls and guard walls, 1 to 6__ $1,255,130 Lengthening land chamber of lock 3 to 720 feet_ _------------------------ 787,722 New chamber (360 feet long), lock 4- 699,786 Lock and dam 7_ ----------------- 1,161,241 Lock and dam 8 ---.-----..-------- 1,165,758 Lock and dam 7 (second chamber).. 419,126 Lock and dam 8 (second chamber).._ 504,465 Reconstruction of dam 4...------------......... 397,211 Marine ways, repair plant, office and warehouse---......................--------------------- 250,000 Total__-------------------- 6,640,439 July 3, 1930For construction of new locks and dam 2Y2 miles be- Rivers and Harbors Committee, low the existing structure, at estimated cost of Doc. 22, 70th Cong., 2d sess. $2,175,000 in lieu of the work authorized at old lock and dam 4. Jan. 31, 19311 Chief of Engineers authorized to locate the new locks and dam above the existing structure and on such site as he may deem most desirable. June 26, 19342 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. May 17, 1950 Modification of the existing project as follows: Senate Doc. 100, 81st Cong., 1st Provide for 2 new locks and dams similar to the sess. Morgantown lock and dam to replace existing locks and dams 12 to 15, inclusive. Provide for a movable crest on existing dam 8 to raise the existing pool-full elevation 4 feet. Provide for a navigation channel of 300-foot mini- mum bottom width and a 9-foot project depth above lock and dam 8. Provide for an extension of the navigable channel of the upper Monongahela River, into the lower Tygart River for a distance of 2.1 miles at a maximum bottom width of 200 feet and a 9-foot project depth. 1 Public Res. 117, 71st Cong., 3d sess. 2Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. Locks and dams, Monongahela River, Pa. and W. Va. Depths on miter H Location Dimensions sills at normal Character of foundation Type of construction pool level 1 Per- Year Lift Loks adasMnghaRe, --- cent- opened C2 No. Avail- normal Kind of age of to Estimated or Width able pool dam com- navi- actual cost Miles above Nearest town of cham- length level to full (feet) Lower Upper (feet) (feet) Lock Dam Lock Dam ple- tion gation z }d mouth ber width (feet) (feet) -l -I- i W 11.2 Braddock, Pa -....- 56 360 8.7 16.0 15.95 Rock .- . Crib pile._ Fixed .. _ Concrete__ Concrete _ 100 2 1953 $17,872,212 110 720 23.8 Elizabeth, Pa ___... 3 56 360 8.2 11.6 11.9 Rock-... Pilesdo .. -- _...do..-- do .. do . 100 S1907 1,681,538 O 720 0 41.5 Charleroi, Pa__ __-__ 3 56 360 10.6 10.7 14.0 Piles .-. Piles-.... .--- do- .do -- do- ------ 100 2 1932 2,173,767 720 56.5 Brownsville, Pa .... 3 56 360 12.4 11.1 11.5 Rock pile_ Crib pile -.. do....do -...do -- 100 2 1909 1,074,812 68.3 Rices Landing, Pa .-- 3 56 360 13.1 10.5 11.3 Rock- . . Crib rock-. .do ...-- do _ _. Timber 100 2 1916 770,449 and con- H crete. H 7 85.0Greensboro, Pa ...... 56 360 15.0 10.0 10.5 .. .do ... Rock...--.....---do----..... do . Concrete__ 100 21925 2,639,804 C/ 8 90.8Point Marion, Pa_.... 56 360 15.0 10.0 10.5 .do .... __- . do-..... do ....- .. do . ... do ... 100 21925 2,086,438 102.0Morgantown lock and 84 600 21.0 10.5 17.8 ____do-...._ __ do.... Movable .. __.do .. - __. do .. 100 1950 8,778,000 dam, Morgantown, W. Va. 108.0 Hildebrand lock and 84 600 21.0 15.25 18.0 ..... do- .. _...do o- ..... d-.. do . do ____. 1-- 1... 13,200,000 L2 dam, 6.0 miles above Morgantown,W.Va. 12 13 109.5 Little Falls, W. Va___ 111.7 -. do 56 56 182 182 10.6 10.7 7.0 7.0 7.0 ... do .... 7.0 .... do-........ do do... Fixed ....-... do _ _ do. .. 100 1903 200,550 4 . . do .. ._ - _do .. . do...._ 100 1904 190,691 14 115.3 Lowsville, W. Va _... 56 182 10.7 7.1 7.0 .... do........do .. do......do.. .do.. 100 1903 210,127 15 124.6 Hoult, W. Va.. ------- 56 182 10.7 7.0 7.0 _____do-..... .do . -. .. do ..- _- _..._do _do ... 100 1903 175,829 M arine ways, etc- - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . . 250,000 Abandoned lock and dam 1 _-----............................. ..... 1,019,907 Abandoned lock and dam 4 _-..................................... -........................ -.... ........................................ 780,816 Ab and oned lo ck an d d am 79 -------------------------------------- 213,776 Abandoned lock and dam 8- -- 245,900 Abandoned lock and dam 9- -- ,,,,,,,,_,,_,_,__ 191,000 C Ab and oned lock an d dam 10 . ----------- .. - - - -. .. - . .- ._.. - ..- . -_... . 210,445 . Abandoned lock and dam 11-- ................................ ..... 227,668 Dred gin g.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _. __ . . _ _._. _._. . ._ . .__. . _ 587,899 T otal.. .. .... . . .. _ _ __ 54,781,628 1All depths as shown are on guard sills and are controlling depths. 2 Dates shown for locks and dams Nos. 2 to 8, inclusive, represent reconstruction. 3 2 Chambers. CCt 1116 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Terminal facilities. The city of Pittsburgh has constructed a modern wharf for river freight. Boat landings are maintained by some municipalities along the river. A large number of tipples at mines and various types of hoists at manufacturing plants and sand and gravel supply companies are maintained for private use in loading and unloading coal, coke, billets, steel products, sand, gravel, and other commodities. These terminals and docks are not available for the purpose of general commerce. A number of docks and pipelines are also privately maintained for petroleum and acid products. Marine ways are maintained by some of the larger industries. There are also several term- inals for rail-to-river and river-to-rail transfer. Existing private terminals are adequate for shipments and receipt in the Pittsburgh district of the type of commerce now in existence. The provision of river-to-rail and rail-to-river trans- fer terminals on an extensive scale is not important, since 98 percent of traffic using the river passes through the private terminals, which are more than adequate for the prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Dam 8 (Raise Crest) : Engineering and design for alterations to the existing dam and river lock wall were in progress. Hildebrand lock and dam: Engineering and design was con- tinued and consisted of completing construction plans and speci- fications for the lock, dam, and approach excavation by architect- engineer contract. Design for the access road to the lock was underway by hired labor. Construction of the lock and dam under continuing contract was initiated, and consisted of excava- tion operations and work on the esplanade drainage system. Ap- proximately 26,000 cubic yards was excavacted for the land lock wall. Operation and maintenance, general: The locks and dams were operated as required and necessary repairs and improve- ments made thereto and to the appurtenant structures to main- tain them in a serviceable condition. In addition to ordinary repairs to structures and plant, the following major rehabilita- tion work was performed by hired labor except where noted: at lock 2, installation of connections for lifting the land chamber gates was initiated; at lock 3, repairs were made to the power turbine and to the valves, gates and gate sills, land chamber; at lock 4, repairs were made to the turbines; at lock 5, repairs were made to the valves, sills and gates, both chambers; at lock 6, repairs were made to the power turbines and the lower land chamber gates; at lock 7, repairs were made to the power tur- bines; at lock 8, resurfacing of the lock chamber walls was ini- tiated and repairs made to the power turbines; at Morgantown lock and dam, painting of the service bridge was completed by contract; and at locks 2 to 15, inclusive, lock chambers and ap- proaches were dredged where required. The costs were $1,591,444, of which $436,149 was for new work, and $1,155,295 for operation and care of locks and dams. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1117 Condition at end of fiscal year. The locks and dams are in operation and are complete except for replacement of locks 5 and 6, raising the crest of dam 8, and replacement of locks 12 to 15, inclusive, by construction of Hildebrand lock and dam and Ope- kiska lock and dam. A controlling depth of 9 feet in the naviga- tion channel is maintained from Pittsburgh to the upper reaches of pool 8 which has a controlling depth of approximately 7 feet. The recent construction of Morgantown lock and dam provides for a 9-foot channel from Morgantown dam to lock and dam 12. Upon completion of improvements at dam 8, and construction of Hildebrand lock and dam and Opekiska lock and dam, a minimum channel depth of 9 feet will exist for the entire length of the river, varying in width from a minimum of 300 feet to full width of the river at the mouth. Reconstruction of the 56-foot lock (river chamber) at locks 2 was commenced by contract January 7, 1949, and was accepted as complete June 29, 1951. Construc- tion of the 110-foot lock (land chamber) was initiated by con- tract June 26, 1951, and was completed November 29, 1953. Con- struction of Morgantown lock and dam was started by contract September 9, 1948, and accepted as complete December 22, 1950. All miscellaneous appurtenances pertaining to the new lock are complete. Relocations and land acquisition are complete. No work has been performed in connection with the proposed re- placement of locks and dams 5 and 6. In connection with the proposed improvements at dam 8, a definite project report is com- plete and detailed design studies in progress. Construction of Hildebrand lock and dam was initiated by contract April 29, 1956, and is approximately 1 percent complete to date. Work remaining for completion of the project consists of the following: Replacement of locks 5 and 6; raising the crest of dam 8; construction of Hildebrand lock and dam which will re- place existing locks and dams 12 and 13; and construction of Opekiska lock and dam to replace existing locks and dams 14 and 15. The total costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular._ a_ o______________. . .. ... __ .. $36,785,899 $17,351,939 $54,137,838 Maintenance and operation___________________________ _____________ 150,000 150,000 Total _ _ 36,785,899 17,501,939 54,287,838 In addition the sum of $20,446,587 was expended between July 7, 1897, and June 30, 1937, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 1118 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $4,064,400 $2,696,000 $321,589 $28,350 $1,023,764 1$42,796,616 Cost_---___....... . 2,904,523 5,006,351 838,922 60,077 436,149 142,206,440 Maintenance: Appropriated .....- 1,745,100 1,335,100 1,110,000 1,017,700 1,202,400 37,990,571 Cost .......__-. __1,462,060 1,464,219 1,216,247 1,086,662 1,155,295 37,949,268 1 Includes $5,420,541 for new work and $742 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ $115, 137 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ----------------------------------------- 2, 807, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - - - 2, 922, 137 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------------__ 90,161,925 4. OHIO RIVER ABOVE MILE 109, BETWEEN CAPTINA ISLAND AND POWHATAN POINT, CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS For report on this improvement, see page 979. 5. OHIO RIVER, OPEN-CHANNEL WORK For report on this improvement, see page 986. 6. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last _Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Allegheny River, Pa., open-channel work...-------- 1934 $197,000 $133,840 (1) Beaver and Mahoning Rivers, Pa. and Ohio 2__ Buckhannon River, W. Va.' 4---- ---- _---_ -- 1938 ---- 1--0------ 1893 ------- 5,500------ ------ $57,000,000 (1) Cheat River, W. Va.3 4............ ..---------. 1895 12,997 --------------- (1) Pittsburgh Harbor, Pa . ......----------------------- 1922 110,663 81,613 (1) Youghiogheny River, Pa-_-----.--------.-.--_ _ 1955 6 47,195 7 143,039 8, 785,000 1 Completed. 2 Under date of Jan. 23, 1939, the Chief of Engineers recommended the construction of a waterway extend - ing from the Ohio River through the Beaver, Mahoning and Grand River Valleys to Lake Erie (H. Doc. 178, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). 8 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 4 No commerce reported. 6Inactive. 1931 price level. 6 Previous project data. ? Includes $1,700 expended under previous project._ 8 Lack of interest in project. 7. BRADFORD, PA. Location. The city of Bradford is located at the junction of the East and West Branches of Tunungwant Creek in northern McKean County, northwestern Pennsylvania. It is situated in the well-known Bradford oilfield on a broad plain at the head on FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1119 Tunungwant Creek, a tributary of the upper Allegheny River in the maturely dissected northern part of the Kanawha section of the Appalachian province, approximately 159 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological charts for Bradford, Pa.-N. Y., Kinzua, Pa.-N. Y., and Salamanca, N. Y.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for in- creasing the channel capacity by deepening, lining, and construc- tion of cutoffs in the existing channels. The extent of the plan involves improvements for Tunungwant Creek, East Branch, West Branch, and adjustment of the mouths and lower reaches of Foster Brook, Bolivar Run, and Kendall Creek. The project is designed to accommodate discharges substantially greater than that of the maximum flood of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1956) is $8,200,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $2,200,000. Local cooperation. Specific requirements of local cooperation required by the authorizing act are set forth in report of the Chief of Engineers published in Senate Document 20, 81st Con- gress, 1st session. The Bradford District Flood Control Author- ity, the authorized representative for the local interests, formally agreed to furnish the required local cooperation for the project by resolution dated April 22, 1955. Requirements for unit 1 of the project have been fulfilled by the Authority. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: En- gineering and design performed during the year consisted of completing construction plans and specifications for unit 2 and initiating the preparation of a design memorandum for unit 3. Construction of unit 1 on the lower portion of Tunungwant Creek was initiated by contract. Approximately 117,000 cubic yards of channel excavation was removed, and 18,000 cubic yards of selected rolled fill placed. The total costs were $198,864, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of unit 1 of the project was initiated by contract December 13, 1955, and is ap- proximately 62 percent complete. Construction of units 2, 3, and 4 has not been initiated. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $288,286. 1120 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.......------- -----------... ..... $54,000 $10,000 $25,000 $500,000 $589,000 Cost- --- 36,029 26,545 26,848 198,864 288,286 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____ $216, 814 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1,350,000 -____ Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___-- --- ---- 1, 566, 814 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------------- 6,261,000 8. ALLEGHENY RIVER RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on the Allegheny River in the vicinity of Kinzua, Warren County, Pa., approximately 200 miles above the mouth of the river at Pittsburgh, Pa. The reser- voir is located in Warren and McKean Counties, Pa. and Cat- taraugus County, N. Y. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Warren and Kinzua, Pa.-N. Y., and Randolph and Salamanca, N. Y.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reservoir dam for flood control, pollution abatment and related pur- poses. The dam will be of the concrete gravity type with a gate- controlled center spillway and discharge conduits controlled by slide-gates and will provide for a gross storage of approximately 1,125,000 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 2,190 square miles. Of this storage, approximately 1,105,000 acre- feet will be available for flood control and flow regulation. The remaining 20,000 acre-feet would be in permanent storage. The reservoir will be operated as required for flood-control purposes as a unit of a reservoir system for the protection of the Allegheny Valley, Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley, generally, and for low flow regulation in the interest of industrial and domestic water supply, pollution abatement and navigation in the Alle- gheny and Ohio River Valleys. The existing project was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, June 28, 1938, and August 18, 1941. The estimated cost for new work (1956) is $101,000,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Ad- vance planning continued throughout the year and consisted of work on design memoranda covering hydrology, site selection, and relocations. Surveying and mapping of the dam site and reservoir area was also under way. The total costs were $107,713, all for new work. FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1121 Condition at end of fiscal year. All planning required to ini- tiate construction is approximately 34 complete. o The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $240,876, of which $238,085 was from regular funds and $2,791 from emergency relief funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$103,948 ------------ $15,000 $25,000 $111,000 1 $252,493 Cost---------------- 2,460 ------------- 13,853 17,817 107,713 '240,876 1 Includes $2,791 from emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ $330 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - -384, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ _ __- 384, 330 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________________--- 100, 363, 507 9. TIONESTA RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Tionesta Creek, 1.25 miles above the junction of the creek with the Allegheny River at Tionesta, Pa., and about 78 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Forest County, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Tionesta, Tidioute, and Sheffield, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood-control reservoir dam of the earthfill type with separate uncontrolled saddle spillway and tunnel outlet works. The dam is 1,050 feet long at the top, rises 154 feet above the streambed, and provides for the gross storage of 133,400 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 478 square miles. Of this storage 125,600 acre-feet are available for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The re- maining 7,800 acre-feet are in permanent storage. The reser- voir is operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley gener- ally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $5,213,401. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and main- tenance is $61,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the bene- fit of flood control, as required, and necessary repairs were made 1122 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 to the dam and its appurtenances and to the operators' quarters and grounds. Heavy rainfall from the afternoon of February 24, 1956, until the afternoon of the 25th over the Allegheny River basin, aug- mented by a rapid thaw of a light snow cover over the basin below Franklin, Pa., caused a major rise in the river and suspension of navigation from locks 9 to 5, inclusive, on the 26th. The Alle- gheny River at locks 7 and 4 crested at 20.4 and 18.6 feet (upper gage) while the reductions by this reservoir were 0.25 and 0.20 foot, respectively. In combination with Mahoning Reservoir, the reduction at lock 7 was 0.7 foot and in combination with Mahon- ing, Crooked Creek, Loyalhanna and Conemaugh Reservoirs, the reduction at lock 4 was 3.6 feet. Flood stage and attendant light flooding was averted between locks 9 and 4. During the rise, 20,200 acre-feet of water was stored. Water stored in conjunc- tion with the other 5 reservoirs in the basin also reduced the period of suspended navigation by one day between locks 5 and 9 and averted suspension of navigation at lock 4 one day. Minor direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the lower 46.0 miles of the Allegheny River valley above Pitts- burgh, Pa., and were estimated as follows: New Kensington Damage District (Mile 6.7 to Mile 30.4, Allegheny River), $1,400; Kittanning Damage District (Mile 30.4 to Mile 46.0, Alle- gheny River), $2,500. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh crested at 20.8 feet on February 26, while the reduction made by this reservoir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pitts- burgh was 4.0 feet, averting flood stage. General heavy rain from early March 7, 1956, until early March 8 augmented by a gradual thaw from the 5th to the 8th of heavy snow cover over the upper Allegheny River basin above Franklin, Pa., caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at Pittsburgh at 26.58 feet on the 9th and at Wheeling, W. Va., (lock 12) at 38.3 feet on the 10th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.9 foot, and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 3.7 feet; at Wheeling, W. Va., the reduction was 1.0 foot and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 4.1 feet. The Allegheny River at Franklin and locks 7 and 4 crested at 20.8, 24.6 and 23.0 feet (upper gage), while the reductions were 1.3, 1.3, and 1.15 feet, respectively. The reduction made by this reservoir in com- bination with Mahoning was 1.8 feet at lock 7 and in combina- tion with Mahoning, Crooked Creek, Loyalhanna and Cone- maugh Reservoirs 3.7 feet at lock 4. The natural flood at Franklin, 152,000 cubic feet per second, was the highest flow since the flood of March 26, 1913. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to the highest elevation of the year, 1156.0 on March 10, 1956, or 71.0 feet above minimum pool. This represented an impoundment of 90,400 acre-feet above mini- mum pool, or about 72 percent of the usable flood-control capa- city of the reservoir. This maximum elevation, with a flood storage of 3.55 inches of equivalent runoff, was also the highest water surface since the reservoir was placed in operation in 1940. FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1123 Major direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reser- voir along the upper Ohio River Valley between Pittsburgh, Pa., and Wheeling, W. Va., and along the lower 134 miles of the Alle- gheny River Valley from Oil City, Pa., to Pittsburgh and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh Damage District (lock 2, Allegheny River and lock 2 Monongahela River to Mile 25.4, Ohio River), $788,900, Wheeling Damage District (Mile 25.4 to Mile 109, Ohio River), $808,700; New Kensington Damage District, $932,400; Kittanning Damage District, $527,200; Franklin-Oil City Damage District, $163,200. Moderate to heavy rainfall on April 3, 1956, augmented by a gradual thaw during the 2d and 3d which melted the remaining appreciable snow cover from the latter half of March, produced the first of two moderate rises in the reservoir. During the rise, 26,400 acre-feet of water was stored. Heavy rainfall occurred again from the afternoon of the 6th until the afternoon of the 7th before appreciable drawdown of the reservoir level was obtained and caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1132.6 on the 9th, or 47.6 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 46,100 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 37 percent of the usable flood control capacity of the reservoir. Heavy rainfall from late on May 12, 1956, until early on the 13th over the Allegheny River basin following an antecedent brief, heavy shower during the night of the 11th and 12th caused light flooding in a reach between lock 8 (lower) and lock 7 (up- per) on the 13th. The Allegheny River at Franklin and locks 7 and 4 crested at 15.4, 20.75 and 19.1 feet, respectively. The reduction at Franklin was 0.85 feet, averting nuisance flooding for one-half day. The reduction at lock 7 was 0.4 foot and in conjunction with Mahoning Reservoir 0.7 foot, reducing the period of light flooding by 11/2 days. The water stored during the flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1133.3 on the 15th or 48.3 feet above minimum pool, representing an impound- ment 47,200 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 38 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Water stored during this flood in conjunction with storage in Mahoning Reservoir reduced the period of suspension to navigation at lock 7 by 1 day. Water stored in conjunction with storage in Mahon- ing, Crooked Creek, Loyalhanna, and Conemaugh Reservoirs averted the suspension of navigation at lock 4 for 1 day. Minor direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir in the Kittanning Damage District and were estimated at $10,400. The reservoir level was drawn down and maintained 5 feet below minimum pool from October 7, 1955, to the 10th to facili- tate construction of a public access road and boat launching ramp. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made except on the occasion of 16 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Storage during a minor rise on March 29-30, 1956, in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. 1124 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Activities under the reservoir management program compris- ing sanitation measures, conservation, land management, and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. Construction of a public access road to the reservoir was con- tinued. The total costs were $47,738, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and its appurte- nances are complete, and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Construction of the dam was started in May 1938 and completed in January 1941. All work relative to relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 3,040 acres in fee simple and flow- age easements over 349 acres. A master land use plan is com- plete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds: New work------------------ - $5, 189, 200 Operation and maintenance, general ---------------------- 495, 480 Total ------------------------------------------- 5, 684, 680 Emergency relief funds: New work 24, 201 Total costs, all funds 5, 708, 881 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: . Appropriated -------- Cost---------------- ----------------------- $14,407----- ------------ ------------ ------------------------------------ 1$5,213,401 15,213,401 Maintenance: ------ Appropriated........ 32,500 $56,000 $50,600 $37,700 $43,800 498,600 Cost----------------- 42,819 50,971 51,495 39,032 47,738 495,480 1 Includes $24,201 emergency relief funds. 10. EAST BRANCH, CLARION RIVER RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located in Elk County, Pa., on the East Branch of the Clarion River above Middle Fork, approxi- mately 7 miles above the junction of the East and West Branches of the Clarion River at Johnsonburg, Pa., and approximately 151 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Elk County, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Mount Jewett, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reservoir dam of the rolled-earthfill type with gate-controlled con- crete tunnel under right abutment and a paved uncontrolled spill- way on the left abutment slope. The dam, 1,725 feet long at the top and rising 184 feet above the streambed, will provide for the gross controlled storage of 84,300 acre-feet, from a tributary FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1125 drainage area of 72.5 square miles. Of the total storage, 83,300 acre-feet will be available for flood control and low water regula- tion purposes, in the Clarion River Valley below. The remaining 1,000 acre-feet will be in permanent storage. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the pro- tection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The project was selected for construction under the general authoriza- tion for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Acts approved June 28, 1938, and December 22, 1944. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $9,003,000. The latest (1956) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $34,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Acqui- sition of land and related work was continued by hired labor. Construction of a remedial grout curtain at the left abutment of the dam was completed by contract. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was oper- ated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary re- pairs made to the dam and its appurtenances and to the operator's quarters and grounds. Heavy rainfall late on March 5, 1956, until early on the 8th over the upper Clarion River basin augmented by a gradual com- plete thaw of the heavy snow cover caused light flooding at John- sonburg, Pa., and moderate flooding at Ridgway, Pa. The Clarion River crested on the 8th at 7.95 feet at Johnsonburg and at 11.0 feet at Ridgway. The reductions by this reservoir at Johnsonburg and Ridgway were 1.1 feet and 0.8 foot, respectively. The water stored during the flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1660.7 on the 15th or 5.3 feet above the low-water storage guide curve for this date. This represents an impoundment of 5,350 acre-feet above schedule, or about 16 percent of the usable flood- control storage capacity of the reservoir for this date. Major direct flood-control benefits were achieved along the upper Clarion River valley and were estimated as follows: Johnsonburg Dam- age District, $10,600; Ridgeway Damage District, $90,300. The unusually high rainfall and heavy snow melt during the last week of February and the first half of March were instrumental in the reservoir reaching scheduled low-water storage for the first time since January 1, 1956. During the three-week period, February 24-March 15, 1956, while maintaining the scheduled winter water requirements at Johnsonburg, 23,900 acre-feet of water was stored, equivalent to 6.2 inches of runoff. A series of brief, heavy showers during the nights of May 11, 12, and 13, 1956 and late afternoon of the 13th over the upper Clarion River basin caused light flooding at Ridgway. The Clarion River at Johnsonburg had an identical double crest on the 13th near noon and near midnight at 5.52 feet, and at Ridgway at midnight on the 13th at 6.37 feet. The reductions by this reser- voir at Johnsonburg and Ridgway were 1.4 and 1.1 feet, respec- 1126 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Lively. The water stored during the flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1676.6 on the 15th, or 6.6 feet above summer pool. This level, the highest reached during the year, represents an impoundment of 7,900 acre-feet above summer pool, or about 42 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir for that date. This was also the highest water surface since the reser- voir was put in operation in 1952. Storage averted light flooding at Johnsonburg for one day, and reduced the period of flooding at Ridgway by one day. Minor direct flood-control benefits were achieved along the upper Clarion River valley and were estimated as follows: Johnsonburg Damage District, $9,200; Ridgeway Damage District, $4,600. The outflow was increased during the periods of December 21- 22, 1955, and December 27-29, and again during January 26-29, 1956 to break up critical ice conditions and improve the flow along the upper Clarion River during periods of subzero air tempera- tures in the basin. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made in accordance with the low-water schedule for maintaining satisfactory flows in the upper Clarion River, ex- cept on the occasion of 18 minor rises when water was stored, with the excess above normal schedule storage being released as river conditions permitted. On October 13, 1955, the reservoir had fallen to elevation 1612.8, the lowest level for the 1955 low- water season. This is also the lowest elevation since 1952, the first year of satisfactory low-water storage in the reservoir. It is significant that the inflow into the reservoir for the 3-month period, July through September 1955, which totalled 0.35 inches in runoff, was the lowest for these months in the upper Clarion River basin in the past 20 years, since 1936. Low-water releases from the reservoir augmented the natural flow at Johnsonburg by a fac- tor of 6.3 during the period July-September 1955, in addition to providing a regulated river temperature at Johnsonburg of 510 F. against an actual average air temperature of 68 ° F. Thus, this reservoir achieved great benefits from low-flow augmentation for the industrialized and populated areas using the Clarion River at Johnsonburg and Ridgway. Fortunately, a sharp, complete re- covery was made in the low-water storage during late winter- early spring 1956. The reservoir inflow of 19.40 inches during the 4-month period February-May 1956 was the greatest total for these months since records commenced at the dam in 1952. This was also the greatest runoff for this period in the upper Clarion River basin since 1945. Of equal significance is the fact that this total runoff is appreciably greater than the entire allocated summer low-water regulation storage of 16.66 inches. Activities under the reservoir management program compris- ing sanitation measures, conservation, land management and operation and maintenance of public-use facilities were continued. The total costs were $68,110, of which $40,412 was for new work and $27,698 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The opencut excavation for the outlet works was started June 1947 and completed May 1948. Construction of the outlet works commenced June 8, 1948, and FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1127 acceptance of the work was made May 29, 1951. Construction of the embankment and spillway was initiated July 20, 1949, and was accepted as complete July 17, 1952. Land acquisition and related work is approximately 92 percent complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 1,252 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 820 acres. The dam was placed in operation during June 1952, for flood control and streamflow regulation (water supply and pollution abatement). Work remaining to be done consists of completing one outstand- ing land condemnation action. The total costs at the end of the fiscal year were $9,095,451, of which $8,982,742 was for new work and $112,709 for operation and maintenance, general. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated - $2,000,000 -.- $313, 900 -$14,232 $14, 232 -$19,758 $8,982,742 Cost_ _ .-------- $2,398,327 150,012 174,915 28,037 40,412 8,982,742 Maintenance: Appropriated--------....... 8,500 18,000 28,900 29,700 27,700 112,800 Cost-- -- -2,968 20,451 31,715 29,877 27,698 112,709 11. JOHNSONBURG, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The city of Johnsonburg is located at the confluence of the East and West Branches of Clarion River in Elk County, Pa., about 100 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Ridgway, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of dikes, walls, and appurtenant drainage facilities, primarily along the right bank of the West Branch of Clarion River, and improvement of the channel of the West Branch and Silver Creek. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1944. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1956) is $700,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $130,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: En- gineering and design were continued by hired labor. Construc- tion of the levee-wall system for West Johnsonburg (unit 1) was completed by contract. Approximately 1,700 feet of levee and 400 feet of floodwall were constructed and involved placement of 11,800 cubic yards of rolled fill and 700 cubic yards of reinforced concrete, respectively. Closure structures at Center Street and Clarion Road were also completed. Channel improvements on the West Branch and Silver Creek (units 2 and 3) was initiated by contract. Approximately 10,000 cubic yards was excavated from the channel and 1,400 feet of steel sheet piling floodwall placed. The total costs were $315,643, all for new work. 1128 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the levee-flood- wall system for West Johnsonburg (unit 1) was initiated by con- tract November 10, 1954, and completed December 4, 1955. The Borough of Johnsonburg assumed responsibility for maintenance and operation February 15, 1956. Construction of the West Branch and Silver Creek improvements (units 2 and 3) was initiated by contract September 17, 1955, and is approximately 56 percent complete. Work remaining to be done consists of completing construction of the West Branch and Silver Creek channel improvement (units 2 and 3). The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work were $517,479. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ --.---- $700 $30,000 r$300,000 $346,000 $699,851 Cost 2,642 _ 29,999 147,986 315,643 517,479 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ...... $48, 040 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -- - -_48, 040 12. REYNOLDSVILLE, PA. Location. The borough of Reynoldsville is located in the east central part of Jefferson County, western Pennsylvania, on Sandy Lick Creek about 10 miles above its junction with Redbank Creek, a tributary of the Allegheny River. (See U. S. Geological Survey Chart for DuBois, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for deep- ening, widening, and streamlining the channel of Sandy Lick Creek through the borough for a distance of 11,290 feet. The stream- banks would be protected by seeding with grass except at transi- tions in the vicinity of bridges where dumped rock will be pro- vided, and special treatment at bridge foundations. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved Septem- ber 3, 1954. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1956) is $421,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $26,000. Local cooperation. Specific requirements of local cooperation required by the authorization act are set forth in report of the Chief of Engineers published in House Document 716, 81st Con- gress, 2d session. Formal assurances of local cooperation were furnished by the cooperating agency January 9, 1956. Operations and results during fiscal. year. New work: En- gineering and design was performed and consisted of a design FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1129 memorandum by hired labor and preparation of contract plans and specifications by an architect-engineer contract. The total costs were $32,054, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. A design memorandum and contract plans and specifications for the project are complete. Construction of the project has not been initiated. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $32,054. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 _. Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------.. ........ --..... ......------------------------------------ $37,000 $37,000 Cost ................------........------------------------------------------------ 32,054 32,054 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ ______ $4, 916 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__-- 384, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------------------------_ _ 388,916 13. PUNXSUTAWNEY, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The borough of Punxsutawney is located on Mahon- ing Creek in Jefferson County, Pa., approximatel 85 miles north- east of Pittsburgh, Pa. It is situated on a comparatively wide, alluvial flood plain about 52 miles above the mouth of the stream and 30 miles above the Mahoning Creek flood-control dam. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Punxsutawney and Smicksburg, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists principally of deepening, widening, and straightening the creek channel for a distance of approximately 18,838 feet, and complementing this with approximately 10,352 feet of rolled fill dikes, 2,627 feet of walls, 700 feet of pressure conduit for Barrett Run, and internal drainage facilities including a pumping station and flush house. The project is designed to accommodate discharges 20 percent greater than that of the maximum flood of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Federal cost of new work (1955) for the completed project is $3,586,107; the non-Federal cost is $180,485. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: Routine inspections were made throughout the year. The total costs were $869, all for operation and maintenance. 1130 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction was accomplished by units consisting of units 1, 2, 2A, and 2B. Construction of unit 1, involving 10,200 linear feet of improvement was started in May 1946 and was completed in May 1947. Unit 2 (initial work), consisting of relocation of sewers and construction of the Barrett Run conduit, was started in De- cember 1947 and was completed in August 1948. Unit 2A, involv- ing 4,400 linear feet of improvement was started in April 1948 and was completed in April 1949. Unit 2B, involving 4,225 linear feet of improvement, was started in February 1949 and was com- pleted in June 1950. Relocations and acquisition of land are com- plete. The total acreage involved in unit 1 consists of perpetual easements over 49.7 acres and temporary easements over 18.9 acres. The total acreage involved in unit 2 consists of perpetual easements over 47.8 acres and temporary easements over 1.9 acres. On July 31, 1950, the borough of Punxsutawney formally accepted the completed project and assumed the responsibility for mainte- nance and operation. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $3,598,076, of which $3,586,107 was for new work and $11,969 for operation and maintenance, general. In addition, $180,485 was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated ------------------ -$7,800 -$7,000 $944 1$3,586,107 Cost ___ '--- ------ $19,361 -9,409 707 5,030 ------------- 3,586,107 Maintenance: Appropriated- .----. 3,000 -8,000 1,400 700 $2,000 13,100 Cost---------------- 5,750 505 1,875 999 869 11,969 1 In addition $180,485 for new work was expended from contributed funds. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 _ Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated...-.... $30,000 ----... -$18,297 $180,485 Cost ------------------------ $11,403 180,485 1 Refund of the unexpended balance of $18,297 to the Borough of Punxsutawney, Punxsutawney, Pa. 14. MAHONING CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Mahoning Creek in Arm- strong County, Pa., 21.6 miles above the junction of the creek with the Allegheny River. It is about 61/2 miles southeast of New Bethlehem, Pa.; and about 51 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located in Armstrong, Ind., and Jefferson Coun- FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1131 ties, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Rural Valley and Smicksburg, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood-control reservoir dam of the concrete gravity type with a gate-controlled center spillway flanked by abutment sections join- ing the valley sides. The dam is 926 feet long at the top, rises 162 feet above the streambed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 74,200 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 339 square miles. Of this storage 69,700 acre-feet are available for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The remaining 4,500 acre-feet are in per- manent storage. Two penstocks are contained in the structure for possible future generation of hydroelectric power. The reser- voir is operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts ap- proved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The cost of the com- pleted project is $6,421,345. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $47,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated for flood control, as required, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. Heavy rainfall on the afternoon February 24, 1956, until the afternoon of the 25th over the Allegheny River basin augmented by a rapid thaw of the light snow cover over the basin below Franklin, Pa., caused a major rise in the river and suspension of navigation from locks 9 to 5, inclusive, on the 26th. The Alle- gheny River at locks 7 and 4 crested at 20.4 and 18.6 feet (upper gage) while the reductions were 0.45 and 0.50 foot, respectively. In combination with Tionesta Reservoir, the reduction at lock 7 was 0.7 foot and in combination with Tionesta, Crooked Creek, Loyalhanna and Conemaugh Reservoirs, the reduction at lock 4 was 3.6 feet. Flood stage and attendant flooding was averted between locks 9 and 4. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1134.9 on the 27th or 59.9 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 26,700 acre- feet above minimum pool, or about 38 percent of the usable flood- control capacity of the reservoir. Water stored in conjunction with the other 5 reservoirs in the basin reduced the period of suspension to navigation by one day between locks 5 and 9 and averted suspension to navigation at lock 4 for one day. Minor direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the lower 46.0 miles of the Allegheny River valley above Pitts- burgh and were estimated as follows: New Kensington Damage District (mile 6.7 to mile 30.4, Allegheny River), $3,600; Kit- tanning Damage District (mile 30.4 to mile 46.0, Allegheny River), $4,600. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh crested at 20.8 feet on the 26th, while the reduction made by this reservoir in combina- 1132 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 tion with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 4.0 feet, averting almost flood stage. General heavy rain from early on March 7, 1956, until early on the 8th augmented by a gradual thaw from the 5th to the 8th of heavy snow cover over the upper Allegheny River basin above Franklin, Pa., caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at Pittsburgh, Pa., at 26.58 feet on the 9th and at Wheeling, W. Va., (lock 12) at 38.3 feet on the 10th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.35 foot and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 3.7 feet; at Wheeling the re- duction was also 0.35 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 4.1 feet. The Allegheny River at locks 7 and 4 crested on the 9th at 24.6 and 23.0 feet (upper gage) while the reductions were 0.5 and 0.45 foot, respectively. The reduction made by this reservoir in combination with Tionesta Reservoir at lock 7 was 1.8 feet, and in combination with Tionesta, Crooked Creek, Loyalhanna and Conemaugh Reservoirs was 3.7 foot at lock 4. The water stored during this flood caused the reser- voir to rise to elevation 1134.9 on the 10th, or 59.9 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 26,700 acre- feet above minimum pool, or about 38 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. (Maximum reservoir ele- vation was identical to crest on February 27, 1956). Major direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the up- per Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and along the lower 46.0 miles of the Allegheny River valley above Pitts- burgh and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh Damage Dis- trict (lock 2, Allegheny River and lock 2, Monongahela River to mile 25.4, Ohio River), $308,400; Wheeling Damage District (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $281,700; New Kensington Damage District, $367,000; Kittanning Damage District, $203,000. A series of three moderate rises occurred from late March to early April 1956. A mixed moderate rain and sleet storm from early on March 28, 1956, until early on the 29th produced the first moderate rise in the reservoir. During the rise, 9,750 acre-feet of water was stored. Water stored in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Heavy rainfall on April 3, 1956, augmented by a gradual thaw on the 2d and 3d which melted the remaining appreciable snow cover from the latter half of March, produced the second moderate rise before significant drawdown of reservoir level. During this second rise, 12,100 acre-feet of water was stored. Heavy rainfall occurred again from the afternoon of the 6th until the afternoon of the 7th before appreciable drawdown again of reservoir level and caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1140.6 on the 9th, or 65.6 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 33,300 acre-feet above minimum pool or about 48 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Heavy rainfall from late on May 12, 1956, until early on the 13th over the Allegheny River basin following an antecedent brief, heavy rain shower during the night of the 11th and 12th caused FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1133 light flooding in a reach between lock 8 (lower) and lock 7 (upper) on the 13th. The Allegheny River at locks 7 and 4 crested at 20.75 and 19.1 feet (upper gage) respectively. The re- duction at lock 7 was 0.3 foot and in conjunction with Tionesta Reservoir 0.7 foot, reducing the period of light flooding by 11/2 days. The water stored during the flood caused the reservoir to rise to the highest elevation of the year, elevation 1141.7 on the 15th or 66.7 feet above minimum pool, representing an impound- ment of 34,600 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 50 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir, equivalent to 1.92 inches of runoff. Water stored during this flood in con- junction with storage in Tionesta Reservoir reduced the period of suspension of navigation at lock 7 by one day. Water stored in conjunction with storage in Tionesta, Crooked Creek, Loyal- hanna, and Conemaugh Reservoirs averted the suspension of navi- gation at lock 4 for one day. Minor direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir in the Kittanning Damage District and were estimated at $7,900. During the remainder of the year routine operations were made except on the occasion of 18 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Activities under the reservoir management program com- prising sanitation measures, conservation, land management, and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. The total costs were $25,446, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and its appurtenances are complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley generally. Construction of the dam was started in February 1939, and com- pleted in June 1941. All work in connection with relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 2,533.49 acres in fee simple and flow- age easements over 76.89 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular----......------__ -- _ ._ ____ --------- $6,395,674 $394,049 $6,789,723 Emergency relief_-__ __ __---__-_____ ___ ---- -25, 671 25,671 Total_-----__________.-- -- - ______ 6,421,345 394,049 6,815,394 1134 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.....__ _ ------------ _-------_ _ _ _ _ $6,421,345 Cost--------- _ --------------------------------- ----------------------- 16,421,345 Maintenance: Appropriated .....------. $36,000 $21,000 $36,300 $27,300 $25,700 394,300 Cost----------------- 31,145 26,950 38,969 28,659 25,446 394,049 1Includes $25,671 emergency relief funds. 15. CROOKED CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Crooked Creek 6.7 miles above the junction of the creek with the Allegheny River near Ford City, Pa., and about 32 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Armstrong County, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Freeport and Elders Ridge, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood- control reservoir dam of the earthfill type with separate uncon- trolled saddle spillway and tunnel outlet works. The dam is 1,480 feet long at the top, rises 143 feet above the streambed, and pro- vides for the gross storage of 93,900 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 277 square miles. Of this storage 89,400 acre-feet are available for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The remaining 4,500 acre-feet are in permanent storage. The reservoir is operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $4,204,888. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $37,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam and its appurtenances and to operators' quarters and grounds. Heavy rainfall from the afternoon of February 24, 1956, until the afternoon of the 25th over the Allegheny River basin aug- mented by a rapid thaw of the light snow 'cover over the basin below Franklin, Pa., caused a major rise in the river and suspen- sion of navigation from locks 9 to 5, inclusive, on the 26th. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 18.6 feet (upper gage) while the reduction made by this reservoir was 0.55 foot and in com- bination with Tionesta, Mahoning, Loyalhanna, and Conemaugh Reservoirs 3.6 feet. Flood stage and attendant flooding was averted between locks 7 and 4. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 870.1 on the 27th or 30.1 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1135 18,900 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 21 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Water stored in conjunction with the other 5 reservoirs in the basin reduced the period of suspension to navigation by one day between locks 5 and 7 and averted suspension to navigation at lock 4 one day. Minor direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the lower 30.4 miles of the Allegheny River valley above Pitts- burgh, Pa., and were estimated as follows: New Kensington Damage District (mile 6.7 to mile 30.4, Allegheny River) $3,900. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh crested at 20.8 feet on the 26th, while the reduction made by this reservoir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 4.0 feet, averting flood stage. General heavy rain early on March 7, 1956, until early on the 8th augmented by a gradual thaw from the 5th to the 8th of heavy snow cover over the upper Allegheny River basin above Franklin, Pa., caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at Pitts- burgh at 26.58 feet on the 9th and at Wheeling, W. Va. (lock 12) at 38.3 feet on the 10th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.3 foot and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 3.7 feet; at Wheeling, the reduction was also 0.3 foot and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling was 4.1 feet. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested on the 9th at 23.0 feet (upper gage) while the reduction was 0.35 foot. In combination with Tionesta, Mahoning, Loyal- hanna, and' Conemaugh Reservoirs, the reduction at lock 4 was 3.7 feet. The water stored during the flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 873.3 on the 10th, or 33.3 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 22,000 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 25 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Major direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pitts- burgh and Wheeling and along the lower Alllegheny River valley and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh Damage District (lock 2, Allegheny River and lock 2, Monongahela River to mile 25.4, Ohio River), $263,000; Wheeling Damage District (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $242,000; New Kensington Damage District, $285,700. Heavy rainfall on April 3, 1956, augmented by a gradual thaw on the 2d and 3d which melted the remaining light snow cover from the last week of March, produced the first of two moderate rises in the reservoir. During the rise, 13,350 acre-feet of water was stored. Heavy rainfall occurred again from the afternoon of the 6th until the afternoon of the 7th before appreciable drawdown of the reservoir level and caused the reservoir to rise to the highest elevation of the year, elevation 878.3 on the 9th, or 38.3 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 27,100 acre-feet above minimum pool or about 30 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Heavy rainfall from late on May 12, 1956, until early on the 13th over the Allegheny River basin following an antecedent brief, heavy shower during the night of the 11th and 12th caused a 1136 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 moderate rise in the Allegheny River below Crooked Creek during which 7,100 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 19.1 feet (upper gage) on the 13th, while the reductions by this reservoir in combination with Tionesta, Mahoning, Loyalhanna and Conemaugh Reservoirs were 1.4 feet, averting suspension of navigation for one day. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made except on the occasion of 19 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Storage during a minor rise on March 29, 1956, in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising sanitation measures, conservation, land management and opera- tion and maintenance of certain public-use facilities were con- tinued. This work was limited as the Connonwealth of Pennsyl- vania has jurisdiction over recreation in the reservoir area. The total costs were $26,104, all for operation and maintenance. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. The dam and its appurtenances are complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Construction of the dam was started in March 1938, and completed in October 1940. All work relative to the relocations and acquisi- tion of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 3,563.55 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 99.98 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular i....--------------------------------- $4,141,000 445,919 $4,587,019 Emergency relief----- -- ------- -------------- 63,788---------------- 63,788 Total___-------------------------------------- 4,204,888 445,919 4,650,807 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated.....---------------------------------- . ------------ ------------ $4,204,888 Cost----- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 4,204,888 Maintenance: Appropriated-......- $27,500 $24,500 $21,200 $23,200 $26,700 446,600 Cost----------------- 25,464 29,226 24,823 26,286 26,104 445,919 1Includes $63,788 from emergency relief funds. FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1137 16. JOHNSTOWN, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The city of Johnstown is located in southwestern Cambria County, Pa., approximately 58 miles east of Pittsburgh, Pa. It is situated in a deep and comparatively narrow valley at the junction of Stony Creek and Little Conemaugh River, which unite to form the Conemaugh River. (See U. S. Geological Survey Chart for Johnstown, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for in- creasing the channel capacity by enlarging and realining the existing channels and protecting the banks with concrete pave- ment. Miscellaneous features of work include relocation of rail- road tracks, highway and utilities, and alterations to sewers, drains, bridge piers, and other structures. The improvement in- volves about 46,290 feet of channel as follows: The Conemaugh River for a distance of 19,270 feet extending from the "Point" downstream to about 2,650 feet below the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge at Dornick Point; the Little Conemaugh River for a dis- tance of 6,950 feet from the "Point" upstream to about 150 feet below the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge in the vicinity of Fifth Street; and Stony Creek for a distance of 20,700 feet from the "Point" upstream to about 500 feet above the Ferndale Bridge in the vicinity of the borough of Ferndale. The project is designed to accommodate discharges equivalent to those of the March 1936, flood, the maximum natural flow of record, with a minimum of overbank flow and to practically eliminate damages therefrom. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts, approved June 22, 1936, and August 28, 1937. The cost of the completed project is $8,865,388. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $14,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: Routine inspections were made throughout the year. Stream-gaging activities were performed by hired labor. Steel handrail was painted by hired labor. The costs were $4,920, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The improved channels are fully complete. Construction was accomplished by units, con- sisting of units 1, 2, 3, and supplementary unit 2A, all in the Conemaugh River section; unit 4, comprising the Little Cone- maugh River section; and units 5 and 6 comprising the Stony Creek section. Construction of the project commenced in August 1938 and was completed in November 1943. Footer protection for unit 4 was completed November 1949. All work relative to relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 0.60 acre in fee simple and flowage easements over 397.16 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: 1138 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular_------.......---------------------- - $8,831,965 $156,595 $8,988,560 Emergency relief............... ------------------------------------ 33,423 ---------------- 33,423 .--------- Total-_____--------............. 8,865,388 156,595 9,021,983 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated......--------....... ...------------.-------- 1 $8,865,388 ------------ .. Cost-----........ . ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 8,865,388 Maintenance: Appropriated---...--... $5,500 $27,800 $26,500 $500 $7,000 158,700 Cost----------------- 7,967 20,044 21,303 15,888 4,920 156,595 1 Includes $33,423 from emergency relief funds. 17. CONEMAUGH RIVER RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam is located on the Conemaugh River in Indi- ana and Westmoreland Counties, Pa., 7.5 miles above the junction of Conemaugh River and Loyalhanna Creek, which form the head of Kiskiminetas River. It is about 2 miles northeast of Tunnel- ton, Pa., and about 42 miles east of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reser- voir is located in Westmoreland and Indiana Counties, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Latrobe, New Florence, and Elders Ridge, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood- control reservoir dam of the concrete gravity type with a gate- controlled center spillway flanked by abutment sections joining the valley sides and an earth embankment terminating in the right abutment. The dam, 1,265 feet long at the top and rising 137 feet above the streambed, will provide for the gross controlled storage of 274,000 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 1,351 square miles. Of this storage, 270,000 acre-feet will be available for flood control purposes. The remaining 4,000 acre- feet will be in permanent storage. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The estimated cost for new work (1956) is $45,820,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $48,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1139 Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Acqui- sition of land and related work was continued and involved work relative to settlements for land acquired by condemnation. Re- location of sewers in the reservoir area under agreement with owning agencies was continued. Construction of a service road to the left abutment of the dam was initiated by contract. Operation and maintenance, general. The reservoir was oper- ated effectively for flood control as required and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds. Heavy rainfall from the afternoon of February 24, 1956, until the afternoon of the 25th over the Allegheny River basin aug- mented by a rapid thaw of the light snow cover over the basin below Franklin, Pa., caused a major rise in the river and suspen- sion of navigation from locks 9 to 5, inclusive, on the 26th. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 18.6 feet (upper gage) while the reduction made by this reservoir was 1.95 feet, and in combina- tion with Tionesta, Mahoning, Crooked Creek, and Loyalhanna Reservoirs 3.6 feet. Flood stage and attendant light flooding was averted between locks 5 and 4. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 929.8 on the 27th, or 49.8 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 62,300 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 23 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Water stored in conjunc- tion with the other 5 reservoirs reduced the period of suspension to navigation by one day at lock 5, and averted suspension to navi- gation at lock 4 for one day. Minor direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the lower 30.4 miles of the Allegheny River valley above Pittsburgh, Pa., and were estimated as follows: New Kensington Damage District (mile 6.7 to mile 30.4, Allegheny River), $13,800. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh crested at 20.8 feet on the 26th, while the reduction made by this reservoir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pitts- burgh was 4.0 feet, averting flood stage. General heavy rain from early on March 7, 1956, until early on the 8th augmented by a gradual thaw during the 5th to the 8th of heavy snow cover over the upper Allegheny River basin above Franklin, Pa., caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at Pittsburgh, Pa. at 26.58 feet on the 9th and at Wheeling, W. Va., (lock 12) at 38.3 feet on the 10th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 1.25 feet and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 3.7 feet; at Wheeling the re- duction was 1.35 feet and in combination with the other 9 reser- voirs above Wheeling 4.1 feet. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested on the 9th at 23.0 feet (upper gage) while the reduction was 1.45 feet. In combination with Tionesta, Mahoning, Loyal- hanna, and Conemaugh Reservoirs, the reduction at lock 4 was 3.7 feet. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to the highest elevation of the year, elevation 942.7 on the 10th or 62.7 feet above minimum pool, representing an impound- ment of 103,600 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 38 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Major direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the 1140 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 upper Ohio River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and along the lower Allegheny River valley. The benefits were esti- mated as follows: Pittsburgh Damage District (lock 2, Alle- gheny River and lock 2, Monongahela River to Mile 25.4, Ohio River), $1,097,300; Wheeling Damage District (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $1,090,500; New Kensington Damage District, $1,179,000. Heavy rainfall during April 3, 1956, augmented by a gradual thaw during the 2d and 3d which melted the remaining light snow cover from the last week in March, produced the first of two moderate rises in the reservoir. During the rise, 54,400 acre- feet of water was stored. Heavy rainfall occurred again from the afternoon of the 6th to the afternoon of the 7th before appreci- able drawdown of reservoir level and caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 941.8 on the 9th or 61.8 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 100,400 acre-feet above minimum pool or about 37 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Heavy rainfall from late on May 12, 1956, until early on the 13th over the Allegheny River basin following an antecedent brief, heavy rain shower during the night of the 11th and 12th caused a moderate rise in the Allegheny River below Kiskiminetas River during which 25,200 feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 19.1 feet (upper gage) late on the 13th, while the reductions by this reservoir in combina- tion with Tionesta, Mahoning, Crooked Creek, and Loyalhanna Reservoirs were 1.4 feet, averting suspension of navigation for one day. During the periods of August 8-10, 1955, August 25-26, 1955, and August 29-September 20, 1955, the outflow was varied to assist an owning utility agency in constructing an encased pipe- line across the river 21/2 miles below the dam. During periods of work on the line, the out flow was decreased to a nominal mini- mum release. This regulation procedure, although a deviation from schedule, was permissable, occurring during a period of low flows. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made except on the occasion of 22 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Storage during a minor rise during March 29-30, 1956, in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising sanitation, conservation, land management, and operation and maintenance of public-use facilities were continued. The costs during the year were $210,582, of which $177,097 was for new work and $33,485 for operation and maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The dam and its appurtenances are complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reser- voir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the re- duction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Con- struction of the dam and appurtenances was started by contract FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1141 April 25, 1949, and completed December 31, 1952. The furnish- ing and erection of 2 gantry cranes and 14 crest gates by contract were started November 16 and December 9, 1951, and completed August 6 and September 4, 1953, respectively. Relocation of the main line of the Conemaugh Division, Pennsylvania Railroad, was started by contract April, 1946 and completed September 19, 1950. Highway and utility relocations are complete except for sewers at and in the vicinity of Blairsville, Pa. Land acquisition and related work is approximately 98 percent complete. A total of 114 tracts were acquired for the railroad relocation consisting of 1,331 acres in fee and easements over 3 acres. The total tracts involved for the dam and reservoir total 927 of which 909 have been acquired. The total acreage consists of 7,004 acres in fee and easements over 397 acres. Work remaining to be done for completion of the project con- sists of land acquisition and related work, relocation of sewers in the reservoir area, and construction of a service road to the left abutment of the dam. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $45,485,239, of which $45,356,715 was for new work and $128,524 for operation and maintenance, general. These costs include $5,351 from emer- gency relief funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-........ $9,500,000 $1,580,000 -$264,922 -$164,000 ___-____ 1 $45,819,770 Cost _ ___........ . 6,074,853 3,480,921 2,754,824 573,595 $177,097 145,356,715 Maintenance: Appropriated ....--- _--_--- 24,000 36,100 35,600 33,700 129,400 Cost-------------------------- 17,553 41,716 35,770 33,485 128,524 1 Includes $5,351 from emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $182, 353 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ ________________________________ 182, 353 18. LOYALHANNA RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Loyalhanna Creek, 4.5 miles above the junction of the creek with the Conemaugh River at Saltsburg, Pa., and about 29 miles east of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Westmoreland County, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Latrobe, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood- control reservoir dam of the concrete gravity type with a gate controlled center spillway flanked by abutment sections joining the valley sides, and an earth embankment section terminating in the left abutment. The dam, 960 feet long at the top, rises 114 feet above the streambed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 95,300 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage 1142 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 area of 290 square miles. Of this storage 93,300 acre-feet are available for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The remaining 2,000 acre-feet are in permanent storage. One penstock is contained in the structure for possible future generation of hydroelectric power. The reser- voir is operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts ap- proved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The cost of the com- pleted project is $5,452,862. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $40,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated for flood control, as required, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. A heavy rain and sleet storm on February 2, 1956, caused a moderate rise in the reservoir during which 11,000 acre-feet of water was stored. Heavy rainfall on the 6th before complete drawdown of antecedent moderate rise caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 944.8 on the 8th or 34.8 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 25,100 acre-feet above minimum pool or about 27 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Heavy rainfall on the afternoon of February 24, 1956, until the afternoon of the 25th over the Allegheny River basin augmented by a rapid thaw of the light snow cover over the basin below Franklin, Pa., caused a major rise in the river and suspension of navigation from locks 9 to 5, inclusive, on the 26th. The Alle- gheny River at lock 4 crested at 18.6 feet (upper gage) while the reduction made by this reservoir was 0.4 foot, and in combination with Tionesta, Mahoning, Crooked Creek, and Conemaugh Reser- voirs 3.6 feet. Flood stage and attendant light flooding was averted between locks 5 and 4. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 936.9 on the 27th, or 26.9 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 15,400 acre-feet above minimum pool or about 17 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Water stored in conjunction with the other 5 reservoirs in the basin reduced the period of suspension to navigation by one day at lock 5, and averted suspension to navigation at lock 4 for one day. Minor direct flood control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the lower 30.4 miles of the Allegheny River valley above Pittsburgh, Pa. and were estimated as follows: New Kensington Damage District (mile 6.7 to mile 30.4, Allegheny River), $2,800. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh crested at 20.8 feet on the 26th. The reduction made by this reservoir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 4.0 feet, averting flood stage. General heavy rain early on March 7, 1956, until early on the 8th augmented by a gradual thaw from the 5th to the 8th of heavy FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1143 snow cover over the Upper Allegheny River basin above Franklin, Pa., caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at Pitts- burgh at 26.58 feet on the 9th and at Wheeling, W. Va. (lock 12) at 38.3 feet on the 10th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.3 feet and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 3.7 feet; at Wheeling, the reduction was also 0.3 foot and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 4.1 feet. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested on the 9th at 23.0 feet (upper gage) while the reduction was 0.3 foot. In combination with Tionesta, Mahoning, Loyalhanna, and Conemaugh Reservoirs, the reduction at lock 4 was 3.7 feet. The water stored during the flood caused the reservoir to rise to eleva- tion 944.9 on the 10th, or 34.9 feet above niinimum pool, repre- senting an impoundment of 25,200 acre-feet above minimum pool, or about 27 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Major direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio River valley between Pitts- burgh and Wheeling and along the lower Allegheny River valley, and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh Damage District (lock 2, Allegheny River and lock 2, Monongahela River to mile 25.4, Ohio River), $263,000; Wheeling Damage District (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $242,000; New Kensington Damage District, $243,600. Heavy rainfall on April 3, 1956, augmented by a gradual thaw during the 2d and 3d which melted the remaining light snow cover from the last week in March, produced the first of two moderate rises in the reservoir. During the rise, 10,550 acre-feet of water was stored. Heavy rainfall occurred again from the afternoon of the 6th until the afternoon of the 7th before appreciable drawdown of reservoir level and caused the reservoir to rise to the highest elevation of the year, elevation 946.1 on.the 9th, or 36.1 feet above minimum pool, representing an impoundment of 26,900 acre-feet above minimum pool or about 29 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Heavy rainfall late on May 12, 1956, until early on the 13th over the Allegheny River basin following an antecedent brief, heavy rain shower during the night of the 11th and 12th caused a moderate rise in the Allegheny River below Kiskiminetas River during which 7,400 acre-feet of water was stored in the reservoir. The Allegheny River at lock 4 crested at 19.1 feet (upper gage) late on the 13th, while the reduction made by this reservoir in com- bination with Tionesta, Mahoning, Crooked Creek, and Conemaugh Reservoirs was 1.4 feet, averting suspension of navigation for one day. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made except on the occasion of 16 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Storage during a minor rise on March 29, 1956, in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Activities under reservoir management program comprising 1144 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 sanitation, conservation, land management, and operation and maintenance of public-use facilities were continued. The total costs were $24,482, all for operation and maintenance. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Construction of the dam was started in October 1939 and completed in June 1942. All work relative to relocations and the acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage acquired consists of 3,415.12 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 79.84 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general ------------------------------ Regular.........---------- $5,445,523 $426,231 $5,871,754 Emergency relief---------------------...---------------- 7,339 ---------------- 7,339 Total..--------------------- ----------------- ....... 5,452,862 426,231 5,879,093 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- -- ----------------------- ---------- -------------- 1$5,452,862 Cost-----.__------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ... .... ------------.. ...... .... ... 5,452,862 Maintenance: Appropriated_ _- $24,500 $26,500 $22,300 $25,900 $26,100 428,000 Cost---------------- 26,382 29,155 26,709 26,802 24,482 426,231 1 Includes $7,339 from emergency relief funds. 19. ELKINS, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The city of Elkins is located on the Tygart River in north central Randolph County, W. Va., approximately 155 miles south of Pittsburgh, Pa. It is situated at the downstream end of a long, broad reach of the upper Tygart Valley, approximately 75 miles above the mouth of the river. (See U. S. Geological Sur- vey chart for Elkins, W. Va.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for di- verting flood discharges from the upstream arm of the loop of the natural river channel into an artificial cutoff channel, thereby bypassing the city of Elkins. The improvement consists of a fully impervious rolled-earth upstream diversion dike, approxi- mately 1,250 feet long; a diversion or cutoff channel, approxi- mately 1,600 feet long, 140 feet wide and 15 feet deep; a down- stream protection dike, approximately 2,500 feet long; controlled inlet and outlet conduits through the dikes; a pondage basin within the protected area to store storm runoff during diversion FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1145 periods; and an incidental pondage basin upstream from the diversion dike to aid low water flow. The structures of the project will be adequate to provide complete protection of Elkins against the maximum flood of reasonable expectancy. The exist- ing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Federal cost of the completed project is $1,772,627; non- Federal cost $40,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and maintenance, general: Stream gaging and routine inspections were performed during the year by hired labor. The total costs were $2,177 for all operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the flood pro- tection works was commenced in May 1946 and completed in May 1949. The project, except that portion of channel maintained by the Federal Government, has been operated and maintained by the City of Elkins since March 31, 1949. All work in connection with relocations is complete. Land acquisition and related work is complete. The total acreage involved consists of 43.19 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 526.04 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,786,482, of which $1,772,627 was for new work and $13,855 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........------------............ $6,051 -$1,073 ------------------------ $1,772,627 Cost-__-__-------_ $27,032 13,711 2,867----------------------- 1,772,627 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 500 1,500 2,600 $1,100 $2,300 14,000 Cost_ 957 1,313 4,446 1,577 2,177 13,855 20. UNIONTOWN, PA. Location. The city of Uniontown is located on Redstone Creek in Fayette County, southwestern Pennsylvania, approximately 50 miles south of Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Uniontown, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for chan- nel improvements by widening and deepening with some realine- ment of Redstone Creek and Coal Lick Run. The stream banks and improvements thereon would be protected by slope paving and walls locally where necessary. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1956) is $1,810,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $278,000. 1146 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Specific requirements of local cooperation required by the authorizing act are set forth in report of the Chief of Engineers published in House Document 301, 80th Congress, 1st session. Informal assurances of local cooperation have been received from the city council of the city of Uniontown. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been performed on the project. 21. YOUGHIOGHENY RIVER RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN PA. Location. The dam site is located on the Youghiogheny River about 74.2 miles above its junction with the Monongahela River at McKeesport, Pa. It is 1.2 miles upstream from Confluence, Pa., and about 57 miles southeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reser- voir is located in Fayette and Somerset Counties, Pa., and Garrett County, Md. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Confluence, Pa., Accident, Md., West Virginia, and Pennsylvania.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reservoir dam of the rolled-earthfill type with separate uncon- trolled side channel spillway and tunnel outlet works. The dam is 1,610 feet long at the top, rises 184 feet above the streambed, and provides for the gross storage of 254,000 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 434 square miles. Of this storage 5,200 acre-feet are in permanent storage and the remain- ing 248,800 acre-feet are available for flood control, navigation aid, and pollution abatement purposes. The reservoir is operated as required for flood-prevention purposes as a unit of a coordi- nated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley generally. The project was selected for con- struction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $9,674,904. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $63,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938. applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated for flood con- trol, as required, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. Heavy rains late on January 28, 1956, until early on the 30th over the Monongahela River basin augmented by a rapid thaw of appreciable snow cover on the 29th caused a minor flood during January 30-31, 1956, between lock 6 (lower) and lock 2 (upper) Monongahela River. Lock 2 (upper gage) crested on the 31st at 27.3 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir was 0.5 foot and in combination with Tygart Reservoir 1.85 feet. Water stored in conjunction with Tygart Reservoir reduced the period of flooding on the Monongahela River at lock 2 by one day. This rise was the first of a series of major rises in the reservoir and FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1147 the Monongahela River which extended into February and repre- sented the start of a sharp recovery in critical low-water storage. Heavy rainfall again on February 2 over the Monongahela River basin augmented by a thaw of the remaining January snow cover caused a minor flood during the 3d along a reach between lock 3 (lower) and lock 2 (upper). The Youghiogheny River at Con- nellsville, Pa. crested at 10.4 feet on the 3d. The reduction by this reservoir was 1.8 feet, averting light flooding for one-half day. Water stored in conjunction with Tygart Reservoir reduced the period of flooding at lock 2 by 1 day, and reduced the period of suspension to navigation by 1 day. Heavy rainfall on the 6th augmented low-water storage in the reservoir. Water stored in conjunction with Tygart Reservoir averted a minor flood and consequent use of the floodway at lock 2 and suspension of navi- gation by one-half day. The water stored during this triple-peak flood caused the reservoir to rise from elevation 1367.4 to eleva- tion 1424.3 or 56.9 feet, representing an impoundment of 94,300 acre-feet. Light direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the Youghiogheny River and lock 2 pool, Monongahela River, and were estimated as follows: Youghio- gheny Damage District (mouth to Confluence, Pa.), $900; Mc- Keesport Damage District (lock 2 (upper) to lock 4 (lower), Monongahela River), $15,200. During the 9-day period from January 29 through February 6, 1956, the reservoir rose from near minimum pool to winter pool while maintaining the low- water schedule. Thus a record breaking winter low-water stor- age recovery was achieved for the 9 years of multiple-purpose regulation of the reservoir. On January 28 the reservoir had fallen to elevation 1367.4, lowest elevation for the 1955-56 low- water season. Moderate to heavy rains during the period February 14-18, 1956, caused a series of rises in the reservoir during which 24,700 acre-feet of water was stored. Water stored in conjunc- tion with Tygart Reservoir averted suspension of navigation at lock 2 and consequent use of the floodway. General heavy rain from early March 7, 1956, until early on the 8th augmented by a gradual thaw from the 5th to the 8th of heavy snow cover over the upper Allegheny River basin above Franklin, Pa., caused a flood along the Ohio River which crested at Pittsburgh, Pa. at 26.58 feet on the 9th and at Wheeling, W. Va. (lock 12) at 38.3 feet on the 10th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Pittsburgh was 0.2 foot and in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh 3.7 feet; at Wheel- ing, the reduction was also 0.2 foot and in combination with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 4.1 feet. During the flood, 15,750 acre-feet of water was stored. Major direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Ohio; River valley between Pittsburgh and Wheeling and minor bene- fits were achieved along the lower Monongahela River valley, and were estimated as follows: Pittsburgh Damage District (lock 2, Allegheny River and lock 2, Monongahela River to Mile 25.4, Ohio River), $175,300; Wheeling Damage District (mile 25.4 to mile 1148 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 109, Ohio River), $162,400; McKeesport Damage District (lock 2 (upper) to lock 4 (lower), Monongahela River), $11,000. Heavy rainfall again on March 14, 1956, before complete drawdown of reservoir level, caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1429.9 on the 17th or 10.9 feet above winter pool. This repre- sents an impoundment of 26,800 acre-feet above winter pool, or about 18 percent of the usable winter flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Heavy rainfall late on May 26, 1956, until early on the 28th over the Monongahela River basin caused a minor flood during the 28th between lock 3 (lower) and lock 2 (upper). Lock 2 (upper gage) crested on the 28th at 27.2 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir was 0.75 foot and in combination with Tygart Reservoir 1.25 feet. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1450.9 on the 29th or 11.9 feet above summer pool. This level, the highest reached during the year, represents an impoundment of 35,500 acre-feet above summer pool or about 36 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir for that date. This was also the maxi- mum amount and percent of flood-control storage used for the year. Water stored in conjunction with Tygart Reservoir re- duced the period of Monongahela River flooding at lock 2 by one-half day. Minor direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir in lock 2 pool, Monongahela River and were estimated at $18,600. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made in accordance with the low-water schedule for maintaining satisfactory flows at Connellsville, Pa. except on the occasion of 21 minor rises when water was stored, with the excess above normal schedule storage being released as river conditions per- mitted. Storage during a minor rise on February 25-26, 1956, in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pitts- burgh averted flood stage at Pittsburgh. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh crested at 20.8 feet on the 26th. The reduction made by this reservoir in combination with the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh was 4.0 feet. Storage during a moderate rise on March 29 in conjunction with storage in the other 7 reservoirs above Pittsburgh prevented the Ohio River at Pittsburgh from exceeding pool limit. Activities under reservoir management program comprising sanitation, conservation, land management, and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. The total costs were $39,753 all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation for flood control, navigation, and pollu- tion abatement purposes. For flood control, the reservoir is operated as a unit in the reservoir system designed for the protec- tion of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Construction of the dam was started in June 1940, and completed in May 1944. All work relative to relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired, and consists of 4,033.19 acres in fee FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1149 simple and flowage easements over 0.48 acre. A license has been issued the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania covering fish conserva- tion and management in the Pennsylvania portion of the reser- voir. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all from regular funds, were $10,178,628, of which $9,674,904 was for new work and $503,724 for operation and maintenance, general. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .... . -$71 -------- ------------------------------------ $9,674,904 Cost....----------------- 2,735-------------------------------------------- 9,674,904 Maintenance: Appropriated ..-.__- 49,500 $43,000 $39,200 $37,000 $39,900 504,100 Cost---------------- 103,734 44,940 43,891 38,700 39,753 503,724 22. BERLIN RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site is located on the Mahoning River about 73 miles above its confluence with the Shenango River. It is about 10 miles above the existing Milton Reservoir Dam and 35 miles upstream from Warren, Ohio. The reservoir is located in Portage, Mahoning, and Stark Counties, Ohio. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Warren, Ravenna, and Alliance, (Ohio.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reservoir dam with a partially controlled, concrete, gravity center spillway flanked by rolled-earthfill abutment sections joining the valley sides. The dam is 5,750 feet long at the top, rises 96 feet above the streambed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 91,200 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 249 square miles. Of this storage 1,800 acre-feet are in per- manent storage and the remaining 89,400 acre-feet are available for flood control and water supply purposes in the industrialized Mahoning Valley below. The project was selected for construc- tion under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $6,288,676. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and main- tenance is $60,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated effectively for flood control and for low water regulation, as required, and neces- sary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. Heavy rainfall on the afternoon of February 24, 1956, until the 25th over the Mahoning River basin caused light flooding along the Mahoning River in the vicinity of Warren, Ohio. The Ma- 1150 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 honing River crested on the 26th at Warren at 6.4 feet and at Youngstown at 9.2 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir at Warren was 2.4 feet, averting a flood of major proportions. At Youngstown, the reduction made by this reservoir was 3.35 feet and in combination with Mosquito Creek Reservoir 4.25 feet, averting appreciable flooding for 11/2 days. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1024.8 on the 27th or 8.2 feet above winter pool, representing an im- poundment of 23,200 acre-feet above winter pool or about 42 per- cent of the usable winter flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Major direct flood-control benefits were achieved along the Ma- honing River Valley and were estimated as follows: Youngstown Damage District (Mahoningtown to mile 55, Mahoning River), $575,000; Warren Damage District (mile 55 to and including Newton Falls, Mahoning River), $2,584,500. Heavy rainfall late on March 5, 1956, until early on the 8th over the Mahoning River basin caused light flooding at Youngstown and Warren, Ohio. The Mahoning River crested on the 8th at Youngstown at 10.34 feet and on the 9th at Warren at 6.5 feet. At Youngstown, the reduction made by this reservoir was 1.3 feet and in combination with Mosquito Creek Reservoir 1.8 feet. At Warren, the reduction made by this reservoir was 0.9 foot. Ap- preciable flooding was averted at both Youngstown and Warren. The Ohio River at Wheeling, W. Va (lock 12) crested at 38.3 feet on the 10th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Wheeling was 0.1 foot, and in combination with the other 9 reser- voirs above Wheeling 4.1 feet. This flood occurred before com- plete drawdown of reservoir level from antecedent flood storage at the end of February and caused the reservoir to rise to eleva- tion 1025.1 on the 9th or 8.5 feet above winter pool, representing an impoundment of 24,300 acre-feet above winter pool or about 44 percent of the usable winter flood-control capacity of the reservoir. Moderate direct flood-control benefits were achieved both along the Mahoning River Valley and along the upper Ohio River Valley between the mouth of the Beaver River and Wheel- ing, and were estimated as follows: Youngstown Damage Dis- trict, $40,000; Warren Damage District, $36,700; Wheeling Dam- age District (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $82,900. Heavy rainfall early on April 3, 1956, over the Mahoning River basin caused light flooding at Warren, Ohio. The Mahoning River crested on the 3d at Youngstown at 9.45 feet and on the 4th at Warren at 5.6 feet. At both Youngstown and Warren, the re- duction made by this reservoir was 0.7 foot, respectively. At Youngstown, the reduction made by this reservoir in combination with Mosquito Creek Reservoir was 1.45 feet. During the flood and subsequent minor rise on April 7, 8, 1956, a total of 8,100 acre-feet of water was stored. Light flooding was averted at Warren and in conjunction with Mosquito Creek Reservoir light flooding was averted at Youngstown. Light direct flood-control benefits were achieved along the Mahoning River Valley and were estimated as follows: Youngstown Damage District, $7,000; Warren Damage District, $4,200. FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1151 A series of intermittent, unusually intense, heavy rain showers from near midnight of May 11, 1956, until late afternoon of the 13th over the Mahoning River basin produced substantial ex- tensive runoff and caused a moderate flood along the Mahoning River valley. The Mahoning River crested on the 13th at 13.2 feet at Youngstown and at 7.1 feet at Warren. At Youngstown, the reduction made by this reservoir was 3.05 feet and in combi- nation with Mosquito Creek Reservoir 3.85 feet, averting a major flood which would have been the highest natural flood since the memorable flood of March 26, 1913. At Warren, the reduction made by this reservoir was 1.65 feet, averting a major flood in that area. The water stored during this flood caused the reser- voir to rise to the highest elevation of the year, elevation 1031.0 on the 14th or 6.3 feet above summer pool, representing an impound- ment of 27,400 acre-feet above summer pool, or about 84 percent of the usuable flood-control capacity of the reservoir for that date. This maximum elevation, with a flood storage of 2.06 inches of equivalent runoff, was also the highest water surface since June 1947. Major direct flood-control benefits were achieved along the Mahoning River valley and were estimated as follows: Youngstown Damage District, $1,848,800; Warren Damage District, $988,300. During August and September 1955 additional flow from storage was supplied to relieve to some extent the critical draw- down condition at Mosquito Creek Reservoir from that normally imposed for maintaining the low-water temperature control schedule at Youngstown. A more equitable balance of storage in the overall 3-reservoir system (Berlin, Milton (City of Youngs- town) and Mosquito Creek Reservoirs) was achieved for the Mahoning River basin by this procedure. During January 1956 low-water storage was supplied in accordance with the low-flow schedule at Leavittsburg and Youngstown, and resulted in the reservoir falling to elevation 996.5 on the 29th, the lowest eleva- tion for the year. The reservoir inflows for January, 0.29 inch of runoff, was the lowest since 1945. Since the time that records were commenced at the dam in 1943, this was the first winter month during the normal period for replenishing low-water stor- age that this storage was supplied to meet scheduled river flows. On the 29th a remarkable recovery in the low-water storage com- menced. February 1956 had a record-breaking inflow of 4.59 inches of runoff. During the 4-month period (February-May 1956), the reservoir inflow of 14.00 inches of runoff was the greatest total for these months since records began at the dam. This total is 29 percent higher than the previous record for these months and is 330 percent of the entire allocated summer low- water regulation storage of 4.26 inches of runoff. Routine operations were made during the remainder of the year in accordance with the low-water schedule for maintaining satis- factory flows at Leavittsburg and Youngstown. The scheduled flows for the Mahoning River supplied by Berlin and Mosquito Creek Reservoirs were effective in that the industrial activity along the Mahoning River valley was maintained at a high rate. 1152 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Without these reservoir releases for low-flows augmentation, this activity would have been sharply curtailed during July, August, and September 1955. The benefits accrued have been estimated to exceed $1,000,000. A total of 15 minor rises occurred during which some water was stored with the excess above normal schedule being released as river conditions permitted. During a series of minor and moderate rises from May 27, 1956, until June 4, water stored caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1027.6 on June 5 or 2.9 feet above summer pool, representing an impoundment of 11,300 acre-feet above summer pool, or about 35 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir for that date. Activities under the reservoir management program com- prising sanitation, conservation, land management, and operation and maintenance of public-use facilities were continued. The total costs were $33,716, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation for flood control and low water regula- tion purposes in the industrialized Mahoning Valley below. Con- struction of the dam was started in January 1942 and completed in June 1943. All work relative to relocations and land acquisi- tion is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 6,931 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 1,059 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all from regular funds were $6,783,300 of which $6,288,676 was for new work and $494,624 for operation and maintenance, general. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------.... -$50,000 -$2,324 ----------------------......------------ $6,288,676 Cost_---------------- 105,277 1,556----------------------------------- 6,288,676 Maintenance: Appropriated-------.. . 63,500 70,500 $54, 200 $34, 200 $34, 100 495,200 Cost----------------- 63,366 63,270 58,196 50,375 33,716 494,624 23. MOSQUITO CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site is located on Mosquito Creek, 9 miles above the junction of the creek with the Mahoning River at Niles, Ohio, and about 18 miles upstream from Youngstown, Ohio. The reservoir is located in central Trumbull County, northeastern Ohio. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Bristolville and Kinsman, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reservoir dam of the rolled-earthfill type with outlet facilities through the dam, and an uncontrolled natural wasteway to dis- charge overflow from the reservoir. The wasteway is located at the upper end of the reservoir area on the low-lying reach of the Mosquito Creek-Grand River Divide and overflow will be dis- FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1153 charged into the Grand River, a tributary of Lake Erie. The dam is 5,650 feet long at the top, rises 47 feet above the stream- bed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 104,100 acre- feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 97 square miles. Of this storage, 96,100 acre-feet are available for low water regu- lation and flood control purposes in Mahoning and Beaver Valleys below. A modicum of effect applies to the upper Ohio River valley, below the mouth of the Beaver River. Of the remaining 8,000 acre-feet, 6,000 acre-feet are available for water supply storage and 2,000 acre-feet are in permanent storage. The reser- voir is operated for flood-prevention purposes as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system. The project was selected for con- struction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $4,035,400. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and main- tenance is $39,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated effectively for flood control and for low-water regulation, as required, and neces- sary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. Heavy rainfall on the afternoon of February 24, 1956, until the afternoon of the 25th over the Mahoning River basin caused a moderate rise in the river in the vicinity of Youngstown, Ohio. The Mahoning River at Youngstown crested at 9.2 feet on the 26th. The reduction made by this reservoir was 0.9 foot. In combination with Berlin Reservoir, the reduction was 4.25 feet, averting an appreciable flood for 11/2 days. During the flood, 6,000 acre-feet of water was stored, equivalent to 1.15 inches of runoff and represented a continued replenishment in the critical low-water storage in the reservoir as of that date. Moderate direct flood-control benefits were achieved by this reservoir along the Mahoning River valley below Mosquito Creek and were esti- mated as follows: Youngstown Damage District (Mahoningtown to mile 55, Mahoning River), $153,000. The water stored during a minor rise on February 6, 1956, commenced a period of remark- able recovery in low-water storage. The net inflow of 4.23 inches of runoff was a record-breaking storage for the month of February in the 13 years of record at the dam. Heavy rainfall late on March 5, 1956, until early on the 8th over the Mahoning River basin caused light flooding at Youngs- town. The Mahoning River at Youngstown crested on the 8th at 10.34 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir was 0.6 foot and in combination with Berlin Reservoir 1.8 feet. Appreciable flood- ing was averted at Youngstown. The Ohio River at Wheeling, W. Va., (lock 12) crested at 38.3 feet on the 10th. The reduction made by this reservoir at Wheeling was 0.1 foot, and in combina- tion with the other 9 reservoirs above Wheeling 4.1 feet. During the flood, 10,000 acre feet of water was stored, equivalent to 1.93 1154 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 inches of runoff and represented a continued replenishment of low-water storage. Minor direct flood-control benefits were achieved along the Mahoning River valley below Mosquito Creek and moderate benefits were achieved along the upper Ohio River valley below the mouth of the Beaver River, and were estimated as follows: Youngstown Damage District, $19,700; Wheeling Damage District (mile 25.4 to mile 109, Ohio River), $82,900. During this rise, the reservoir storage recovered to a normal scheduled amount after being below normal since May 1955. Heavy rainfall early on April 3, 1956, over the Mahoning River basin caused a rise in the Mahoning River. The Mahoning River at Youngstown crested on the 3d at 9.45 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir was 0.75 foot and in combination with Berlin Reservoir 1.45 feet. Light flooding was averted at Youngstown. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 901.85 on the 6th or 1.65 feet above the normal low-water storage guide curve for this date. During this flood, 12,800 acre-feet was impounded above the guide curve and represents about 41 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir for that date. This rise resulted in the use of the maximum amount and percent of flood-control storage for the year. Light direct flood-control benefits were achieved in the Youngstown Damage District and were estimated at $7,400. This rise in the reservoir was the satisfactory culmination of low- water storage recovery and resulted in the most favorable low- water storage condition since the spring of 1951. A series of intermittent unusually intense heavy rain showers from near midnight of May 11, 1956, until late on the afternoon of the 13th over the Mahoning River basin produced substantial extensive runoff and caused a moderate flood along the Mahoning River valley. The Mahoning River at Youngstown crested on the 13th at 13.2 feet. The reduction made by this reservoir was 0.8 foot and in combination with Berlin Reservoir 3.85 feet, averting a major flood which would have been the highest natural flood since the memorable flood of March 26, 1913. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to the highest eleva- tion of the year, elevation 902.5 on the 14th or 1.1 feet above summer pool, representing an impoundment of 8,700 acre-feet above summer pool, or about 40 percent of the usable flood-control capacity of the reservoir for that date. This maximum elevation with a flood storage of 1.68 inches of equivalent runoff, was the highest water surface since June 1947. Major direct flood- control benefits were achieved in the Youngstown Damage Dis- trict and were estimated at $485,600. Routine operations were made throughout the year in ac- cordance with the low-water temperature control schedule for maintaining satisfactory flows at Youngstown. The scheduled flows for the Mahoning River supplied by Berlin and Mosquito Creek Reservoirs were effective in maintaining industrial activity along the Mahoning River valley at a high rate. Without these releases for low-flow augmentation, this activity would have been sharply curtailed during July, August, and September 1955. The FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1155 benefits accrued have been estimated to exceed $1,000,000. On October 5, 1955, the reservoir had fallen to elevation 891.75, the lowest for the 1955 low-water season. A nominal, minimum flow of 4 to 5 cubic feet per second was released from September 21, 1955, until April 1, 1956, while the new inflow was stored from the flood rises and 23 minor rises in accordance with the low- water storage schedule for subsequent release during the 1956 low- water season. The excess storage along with the normal schedule storage was released as river conditions permitted. The reser- voir inflow for the 5-month period, February-June, 1956, a total of 16.14 inches was the greatest total for these months since records commenced at the dam in 1944. It is significant to note that this total runoff is greater than the entire allocated summer low-water regulation and water supply storage of 15.48 inches. The record breaking frequent and appreciable rainfalls during this period not only replenished the low-water storage which was extremely critical at the end of January 1956 but was also effective in holding the reservoir at or slightly above summer pool level from early April to the end of fiscal year 1956. This latter unique condition, most favorable for recreation benefits, was last achieved in 1947. This is the second complete year that the city of Warren, Ohio obtained their water supply from Mosquito Creek Reservoir. The water withdrawal from the reservoir to their filtration plant was 3.546 billion gallons or 10,877 acre-feet, representing 13.5 percent of the available low-water regulation and water supply storage. This is only a slight increase over the first year. Activities under the reservoir management program compris- ing sanitation measures, conservation, land management, and operation and maintenance of certain public-use facilities were continued. This work was limited as the State of Ohio has juris- diction over recreation in the reservoir area. The total costs were $25,454, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and appurtenances are complete and are in operation for flood control and low-water regulation purposes in the industrialized Mahoning and Beaver Valleys below. Construction of the dam was started in July 1943, and was ready for beneficial use in January 1944. All work relative to relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved in the acquisition of land consists of 11,213.98 acres in fee simple and flowage easement over 275.21 acres. The State of Ohio has obtained a license from the Secre- tary of the Army for development and operation of recreation facilities in the reservoir area. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,312,174, of which $4,035,400 was for new work and $276,774 for operation and maintenance, general. 1156 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 , 1956 New work: Appropriated....------------------------ ---------------------------------- $4,035,400 Cost----------------- $7,548................. - 4,035,400 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... 24,000 $36,500 $22,200 $23,700 $29, 000 280,500 Cost __-----------__ 27,084 33,842 30,476 25,959 25,454 276,774 24. WELLSVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO. Location. The city of Wellsville is located in Columbiana County, on the right bank of the Ohio River, 48 miles below the head of the river at Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Wellsville, W. Va., Ohio and Pa.) Existing project. Section I: This provides for the construc- tion of a concrete floodwall and earth dike at the upper end of the city, consisting of the following features: 1,564 feet of concrete floodwall and 476 feet of earth dike extending from a rocky cliff above the Lisbon Street Highway Bridge along Little Yellow Creek to the Pennsylvania Railroad, thence downstream along the Ohio River, paralleling the railroad to high ground at Third Street; 3 pumping plants, 2 sanitary and 1 storm water; 3 gates for passing traffic, 1 on State Highway No. 7 and 2 for industrial spur tracks; and appurtenant drainage structures. The project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, and provides partial protection to the city of Wellsville. The cost of the completed project is $399,100; the estimated non-Federal cost is $113,000. Section II: This provides for the construction of a concrete floodwall and earth dike at the lower end of the city, consisting of the following features: 345 feet of concrete floodwall and 5,250 feet of earth dike extending generally parallel to and on the river side of the main line track of the Pennsylvania Railroad along the Ohio River from 18th Street to the vicinity of the underpass on State Highway Route No. 7; 1 pumping plant for storm water; 1 industrial spur track crossing and closure; and appurtenant drainage structures. The project supplements sec- tion 1 and provides complete protection with a minimum free- board of 3 feet for the city of Wellsville against all floods up to that of March 1936, the maximum of record. The project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $157,633. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Sec- tion I: Construction of remedial' control facilities on outlets through the levee and floodwall was completed by contract. FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1157 The costs, all for new work, were $691. Section II: None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Section I: This section of the project is complete. On August 22, 1942, the city of Wellsville formally accepted the floodwall for operation and maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $399,100 of which $385,078 was from regular funds and $14,022 from emergency relief funds. Section II: This section of the project is complete. On August 22, 1942, the city of Wellsville formally accepted the floodwall for operation and maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $157,633 from regular funds. Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: . Appropriated------- -------... __$16,500 _._.. $1,526 -$1,373 1 $556,733 Cost ---------- _-- _--_--552 15,410 691 1556,733 1 Includes $14,022 from emergency relief funds. 25. OHIO RIVER BASIN, PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, floodwalls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Pittsburgh, Pa., District. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, authorized the construction of levees, floodwalls, and drain- age structures for the protection of cities and towns in the Ohio River Basin, the projects to be selected by the Chief of Engineers with the approval of the Secretary of War, in accordance with House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, at a cost not to exceed $24,877,000 for construction, which amount was authorized to be appropriated for this purpose. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, approved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifica- tion thereof as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers, may be advisable, and for initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan, authorized $75,000,000 for reservoirs and $50,300,000 for local flood protection works, the individual projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers subject to the provision that the authorization shall include the diversion of Cache River above Cairo, Ill., and the protection of the area north of the Cairo drainage district by levees, at an estimated cost of $2,000,000. 1158 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the sum of $45,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the Ohio River Basin, modified to include the Allegheny Reservoir project in accordance with the recommendation of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 300, 76th Congress, 1st session. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the sum of $70,000,000 for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as modified by the act approved August 18, 1941, for the Ohio River, including addi- tional projects in tributary basins. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the sum of $125,000,000 for the further prosecution of the compre- hensive plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Congress, including additional projects in tributary basins. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized the sum of $100,000,000 for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Con- gress, including additional projects in the tributary basin. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Pittsburgh District: Local protection projects Estimated cost Location 1 Type of protection Total Non- Federal Federal Adena, Ohio (Short Creek)_------------ Channel ----------- $230,000 $55,000 $285,000 Allegany, N. Y. (Allegheny River) ...... Levee................. 896,000 55,000 951,000 Bellaire, Ohio 7....................... Wall and levee......-.... 7,660,000 1,870,000 9,530,000 Brackenridge, Tarentum and Natrona, Wall_...... ......... .. 11,800,000 3,080,000 14,880,000 Pa. (Allegheny River) 7 Brilliant, Ohio 7____ ___________'__ _ -.....do .--------------3,240,000 276,000 3,516,000 Brockway, Pa. (Allegheny River Wall and levee____....... 477,000 167,000 644,000 Basin) 7 7 - ---- --- -- - - Coraopolis, Pa. _________ Wall_------------------ 3,080,000 466,000 3,546,000 Dillonvale, Ohio (Short Creek)- .. _... Channel_ - 321,000 48,000 369,000 Elkins, W. Va. (Monongahela River Channel diversion -..... 51,772,627 40,000 1,812,627 Basin) 2 3 Empire, Ohio ?7__,7-...-.......-- ......- W all_. ---...... _ 3,030,000 234,000 3,264,000 Follansbee, W. Va. __.__. _________ ....---- do..............-------------. 2,670,000 232,000 2,902,000 Freeport, Pa. (Allegheny River) 7....... ....do....-----d---- 1,480,000 21,000 1,501,000 Industry, Pa....----------------.- Wall, levee, and chan- 1,560,000 136,000 1,696,000 nel. Johnsonburg, Pa. (Allegheny River Wall---------...................---- 700,000 130,000 830,000 Basin) 2 Johnstown, Pa. (Allegheny River Channel_ ------------ 58,865,388 2...000...... 58,865,388 Basin) 2 3 Kittanning, Pa., Part I (Allegheny Wall.--------- ------ 5130,317 2,000 132,317 River) a Kittanning, Pa., Part II (Allegheny ---..... do ...-------------- 5,940,000 352,000 6,292,000 River) 7 Lake Chautauqua and Chadakoin Channel_ ---------- 2,490,000 1,130,000 3,620,000 River, N. Y. (Allegheny River Basin) 7 7. . . . . . . River Latrobe, Pa. (Allegheny . . . . .Basin) . . . . .. . .... do ....--------------- 5 207,659 44,400 252,059 Leetsdale, Pa. Levee-------------- 1,270,000 141,000 1,411,000 Martins Ferry, Ohio4 7 __..___ Wall and levee ........-- 8,630,000 836,000 9,466,000 McKees Rocks, Pa. 7__ _ __ Wall___---------- .------ 5,470,000 197,000 5,667,000 Mingo Junction, Ohio 7 7______.______..... - - - - - - - - ..----do ------------- 1,920,000 310,000 2,230,000 Moundsville, W. Va. 7 -_- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wall and levee....._.--- 3,070,000 605,000 3,675,000 Neville Island, Pa. ...--- do- -...------------ 3,210,000 1,830,000 5,040,000 FLOOD CONTROL---PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1159 Estimated cost Location 1 Type of protection Total Non- Federal Federal 7 - -- -- -- --- - New Cumberland, W. Va. . . Wall and levee .--------.$2,760,000 $421,000 $3, 181,000 New Kensington and Parnassus, Pa. Wall---------- .....- 7,900,000 148,000 8,048,000 (Allegheny River) 7 Olean, N. Y. (Allegheny River) 35 .... Levee___ ______________ 3,217,531 597,000 3,814,531 Pittsburgh, Pa. (Golden Triangle) 7_ .__ Wall__________________ 9,390,000 429,000 9,819,000 Pittsburgh, Pa. (North Side) 7__ ___ do--------------- 22,400,000 1,760,000 24,160,000 Pittsburgh, Pa. (The Strip) 7 ___do____ .... - 10,700,000 2,560,000 13,260,000 Portville, N. Y. (Allegheny River) 3_____ Levee _______________ .. 52,070,484 353,000 2,423,484 Punxsutawney, Pa. (Allegheny River Channel and levee ... 53,586,107 5 180,485 5 3,766,592 Basin) 2 Ridgeway, Pa.7 (Allegheny River Basin)_ Channel- --- __- ---_ 552,000 14,000 566,000 Rochester, Pa. _______________---- ----------------- 3,350,000 Wall .... 622,000 3,972,000 St. Marys, Pa. (Allegheny River Basin)__ Channel_----_ ---- _ 482,000 15,000 497,000 Smiths Ferry, Pa.7__ _ Wall .... 2,120,000 229,000 2,349,000 Strattonville, Ohio7 7___________________ -- -- -- -- -- - - -- -- do -------------- 2,780,000 336,000 3,116,000 Warwood, W. Va. 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ -o d 1,740,000 376,000 2,116,000 Wellsburg, W. Va. _ Wall and levee.--------- 3,270,000 1,160,000 4,430,000 Wellsville, Ohio, sec. 1 2 3 .-----do---------------- 6399,100 113,000 6512,100 Wellsville, Ohio, sec. II7 2 3 ____do----------------- 157,633 ...___ . 5 157,633 West Bridgewater, Pa. __ 6 _ Wall ___ 2,340,000 517,000 2,857,000 Wheeling-Benwood, W. Va. --_______ Wall and levee _-_..... 23,400,000 5,490,000 28,890,000 Wheeling, W. Va. (North Wheeling) 7___ Wall---------------- 11,700,000 2,700,000 14,400,000 Wheeling, W. Va. (Wheeling Island) 7__ Wall and levee ..... _ _ 13,300,000 2,470,000 15,770,000 1All projects are located on the Ohio River unless otherwise noted. 2 Reported in detail in an individual report. 3 Completed. 4 Reported in detail in Annual Report for 1941. 5 Actual cost. 6 Reported in detail in Annual Report for 1954. 7 Also see listing of the project under heading "Other authorized flood-control projects," p. 1160. Reservoirs Total Tributary basin and reservoir Stream estimated cost Allegheny: Allegheny River, Pa.' 1_______-------------------------_ Allegheny River .....------------ $101,000,000 Conemaugh River, Pa. __________------------------- Conemaugh River------------ 45,820,000 Crooked Creek, Pa. --------------------------- Crooked Creek___--------------- 34,204,888 East Branch Clarion 4- - -River, Pa._-----------------Clarion - - - --- - - - - - River- ---- 9,003,000 French Creek, Pa. . French Creek--------_ -------- 18,500,000 Loyalhanna, Pa.________-__________________ _ Loyalhanna Creek ........... 35,452,862 Mahoning Creek, 4 Pa. ------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mahoning Creek.---------- 3 6,421,345 Redbank, Pa. Redbank Creek... ..-------------- 39,800,000 Tionesta, Pa. ------------------------------- Tionesta Creek --------------- 5,213,401 Beaver: Berlin, Ohio 1-----------__ Mahoning River-------------- 3 6,288,676 Eagle Creek, Ohio 4 _..................----------.. Eagle Creek___---------------- 12,700,000 Mosquito Creek, Ohio 1________________________ Mosquito Creek--------------- 34,035,400 Shenango, Pa., and Ohio ----------------------- Shenango River_-------------- 24,700,000 Monongahela: Turtle Creek, Pa.2 4____________________ Turtle Creek.----------------- 8,480,000 West Fork River, W. Va.4___ _______ -_________ West Fork River-------------- 18,800,000 Youghiogheny River, Pa.' Youghiogheny River ......... _---------------------- 39,674,904 1 Reported in detail in an indivudual report. 2 Exclusive of $2,808,000 to be borne by local interests. 3 Completed, actual cost. 4 Also see listing of project under heading "Other authorized flood-control projects," p. 000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations per- formed during the year consisted of surveys, investigations, studies, and preparation of project plans for the development of the general comprehensive plan for flood control in the Ohio River Basin. 1160 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The costs during the year were $10,038. Condition at end of fiscal year. The preparation of project plans and construction plans and specifications was well advanced. The status of projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual reports. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,124,995 of which $1,111,060 was from regular funds and $13,935 from emergency relief funds. Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .___ -$28,267 $61,215 -... - -$8,309 $13,194 1$1,128,151 Cost 49,701 71,799 $5,343 194 10,038 1 1,124,995 1 Includes $13,935 from emergency relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-_ $3, 156 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-- --------------- 3, 156 26. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Bellaire, Ohio------- ------------------------------------------------ ------- -- 5 $7,660,000 Brackenridge, Tarentum, and Natrona, Pa____-_______ ---------- _________ ____ ____________ 11,800,000 Brilliant, Ohio --------------- ------- ------ -- - ----- ---- 3,240,000 Brockway, Pa .....-------------------------------- 194 ---- - 3476,806 Buckhannon, W. Va ......----------------------.-....... 37,488 -............ (>) Coraopolis, Pa......--------------. -- --------- -- -. 53,080,000 Eagle Creek Reservoir, Ohio .________________100,000 ..............- 512,600,000 Empire, Ohio- _..-------------------------- ---- 53,030,000 Follansbee, W. Va ........--------------- ------ -- -52,670,000 Freeport, Pa ------------------------- --------------- -- - -.-- - 1,480,000 French Creek Reservoir, Pa ..--...--- -------- ..-- ...--- ..---- 124,456 --- 518,375,545 Industry, Pa _ ......-----------------..------------ ---- -------.. -------- 51,560,000 Kittanning, Pa., part I________ .---.--------- .. 1949 130,317 _ (1) Kittanning, Pa., part II..------- ----------- -------------------- ------------------ 55,940,000 Lake Chautauqua and Chadakoin River, N. Y__ ____________ 6,193 --------------.. 2,483,807 Latrobe, Pa .........---------------------.. 1951 207,659 - (1) Leetsdale, Pa ........... ------------------------...-------------... ....------------------ 5 1,270,000 Martins Ferry, Ohio__________..-- ------------.. 1941 24,244 ------------- 8,603,640 McKees Rocks, Pa----- ----------------------- ----------------------------....... 5,470,000 Mingo Junction, Ohio..---------......-------- ----------- ------------------------.. 51,920,000 Moundsville, W. Va-- ...---------------------- ------------ ---------------- 53,070,000 Neville Island, Pa.-----....--------------------- -----------.--------------- ------ 53,210,000 New Cumberland, W. Va-_______- __.. . ..------------------.-------- ----- ------- -. 52,760,000 '. New Kensington and Parnassus, Pa________---------------___ -------------- -- 57,900,000 Olean, N. Y_.__------------------------------- 1954 3,217531-- .. . (1) Pittsburgh, Pa. (Golden Triangle).------------ --------------------------------- 9,390,000 Pittsburgh, Pa. (North Side).-__-___---------------------------'- - -...... 522,400,000 Pittsburgh, Pa. (the Strip) --------------------.--------.---------------------- . . .....- 10,700,000 Portville, N. Y ____-...-__--- .----------------- 1954 2,070,484 -Red-----(1) Redbank Creek Reservoir, Pa....-------------------------- 156,337 ------ ______------ 39,643,663 Rochester, Pa-----------------------------------------------------------..... 3,350,000 Smith Ferry, Pa .....-------------------------- - ....... 2,120,000 Strattonville, Ohio __.-.-------- ----------------- -- 2,780,000 Turtle Creek Reservoir, Pa...-..............----------------------- 67,171 .-------...--- 6 8,412,829 FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1161 Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Warwood, W. Va.....--------------------------------------------------------51,740,000 Wellsburg, W. Va -------------- ............... --------- 6,387 5------------- 3,263,613 West Bridgewater, Pa________ ... _____...... __ .______ _ __.. 52,340,000 West Fork Reservoir, W. Va___.__...__-------------- -------------- 18,800,000 Wheeling, W. Va (north Wheeling)- ____- _____ _ ... __5__ __ .. - .. 11,700,000 Wheeling, W. Va (Wheeling Island) _________________.... __ 21,700 _----- 513,278,300 Wilcox, Pa . _ ---------------------------. 16,761 -------------- _(4) 1 Completed. 2Local interests having failed to meet the requirements of cooperation, authority for the project expired Feb. 20, 1951. 3 To be restudied; 1954 price level. 4 Local interests having failed to meet the requirements of cooperation, authority for the project expired Mar. 5, 1955. 5 Inactive; 1954 price level. 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and subsequent acts require local interests to furnish assurances that they will maintain and operate certain local protection projects after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. District engineers are responsible for the administration of these regulations within the boundaries of their respective districts. The (1956) estimated cost of this work is $5,000. Maintenance inspections were made during the fiscal year of completed units of projects transferred to local interests for maintenance and operation. Local interests were advised, as necessary, of measures required to maintain these projects in accordance with standards prescribed by the regulations. The costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $4,049. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $10,420. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 Maintenance: Appropriated.-------- - $1,200 -........ $1,800 $2,500 $4,200 $10,600 Cost___--------.--- $566 1,458 1,663 2,685 4,049 10,420 28. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). During the year, a project on Harmon Creek at Colliers, W. Va., was completed by contract. A contract was awarded May 29, 1956, for construction of a project on Barden Brook at Eldred, Pa. Construction has not been initiated. Preliminary studies for a project on Bear Creek at Friendsville, Md. were completed by hired labor. 1162 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $7,433. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year amounted to $254,854. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: $31,000 Appropriated .......-------- $44,000 -$7, 503 $55,785 $21,207 $293,694 Cost----------------- 2,287 22,634 42,576 30,719 7,433 254,854 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------- $8,415 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------------------------- 8, 415 Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year, investigations were under way to determine the economic feasibility and plan of improvement at the following locations: Yellow Creek at Amsterdam, Ohio Cherry Valley Run at Leetonia, Ohio. Town of Portage, Little Conemaugh River, Pa. Town of Wilmore, Little Conemaugh River, Pa. Oil Creek at Oil City, Pa. Oil Creek at Rouseville, Pa. Bull Creek at Tarentum, Pa. The costs for these projects for the fiscal year were $7,492. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year for these projects were $28,816. Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal yea ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------... ...------------ $11,500 ------------ $16,500 $2,088 $30,088 Cost ---------------------------- 915 $8,226 12,183 7,492 28,816 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $1, 272 -____ Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 453, 500 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------------- 454, 772 Emergency flood-control activities--Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., 1st sess., and antecendent legislation). Work during the fiscal year consisted of flood emergency exercises, revision of the District's flood emergency plan, assis- GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1163 tance to communities during the flood of March 8-9, 1956, on the upper Allegheny River basin, and initiation of a post-flood report. The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $5,643. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $31,209. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated --------... $1,500 ._-- - . . $18,600 $14,450 $40,016 Cost--- 1,500 .18,600 5,643 31,209 29. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The costs incurred during the year amounted to $92,973, all for flood-control studies. The balance unexpended on June 30, 1956, $11,843, plus an allotment of $152,200, a total of $164,043, will be applied to the preparation of 10 flood-control studies. In addition, an allotment of $13,000 will be applied to special studies. The additional sum of $103,200 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1958 for work to be accomplished under this heading. 30. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Work under this heading consisted of collection of hydraulic and hydrologic data. The costs incurred during the fiscal year amounted to $6,830. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT This district comprises western Wisconsin, the westerly portion of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, the major portion of Minnesota, northern and eastern North Dakota, and small por- tions of northeastern South Dakota and northern and north- eastern Iowa embracing the drainage basins of the Mississippi River and tributaries from its source to mile 614 above the mouth of the Ohio River; the Red River of the North and tributaries; those streams north of the Missouri River Basin in North Dakota; the United States waters of the Lake of the Woods and its tributaries; and the United States waters of Lake Superior and its tributary basin west of Au Train Bay, includ- ing Isle Royale in Lake Superior. That section of Mississippi River above mile 614 is included in the report on Mississippi River between Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control Page Page 1. Grand Marais Harbor, Minn_ 1165 21. Red River of the North Drain- 2. Knife River Harbor, Minn- 1167 age Basin, Minn., S. Dak., 3. Duluth-Superior Harbor, and N. Dak_---------- 1194 Minn. and Wis_------------1169 22. Red Lake River, Minn., in- 4. Cornucopia Harbor, Wis---- 1171 cluding Clearwater River, 5. Ashland Harbor, Wis------- 1173 Minn------------------1198 6. Chippewa Harbor, Isle Royale, 23. Homme Reservoir and Dam, Mich_------------------ 1174 N. Dak----____-----_ 1201 7. Black River Harbor, Mich___ 1175 24. Lake Ashtabula and Baldhill 8. Ontonagon Harbor, Mich_ 1177 Dam, Sheyenne River, N. 9. Keweenaw Waterway, Mich__ 1178 Dak------------------- 1202 10. Eagle Harbor, Mich-------- 1180 25. Lake Traverse and Bois de 11. Grand Traverse Bay Harbor, Sioux River, S. Dak. and Mich------------------ 1182 Minn------------------ 1205 12. Presque Isle Harbor, Mich__ 1183 26. Mississippi River near Aitkin, 13. Marquette Harbor, Mich_ 1184 Minn------------------1207 14. Warroad Harbor and River 27. Lac qui Parle Reservoir, Min- Minn------------------1185 nesota River, Minn ------- 1208 15. Reservoirs at headwaters of 28. Upper Iowa River, Iowa-.... 1211 Mississippi River- 1187 29. Other authorized flood-control 16. Mississippi River between the projects---------------- 1212 Missouri River and Minne- 30. Inspection of completed flood- apolis, Minn. (St. Paul Dis- control works----------- 1212 trict)------------------ 1190 31. Flood-control work under spe- 17. Minnesota River, Minn - 1190 cial authorization -------- 1213 18. St. Croix River, Wis. and Minn------------------1191 General Investigations 19. Navigation projects on which reconnaissance and condi- 32. Examinations and surveys 1217 tion surveys only were con- 33. Research and development,... 1218 ducted during the fiscal year-------------------1193 20. Other authorized navigation projects---------------- 1193 1. GRAND MARAIS HARBOR, MINN. Location. The harbor is situated on the north shore of Lake Superior, 106 miles northeasterly from Duluth, Minn. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 9.) 1165 1166 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. This provides for rock-filled timber crib breakwater piers 350 feet in length from the east and west points of the bay to narrow the entrance; for constructing concrete seawalls across the ledge at the southeast corner of the harbor; for dredging an anchorage area of 36.5 acres to a depth of 16 feet with depths near the entrance of 18 and 20 feet, and for a small boat basin 100 feet wide, 600 feet long, and 8 feet deep in the northwestern part of the harbor protected by a breakwater 600 feet long with a rubble mound shore connection. All depths are referred to low-water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low- water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $464,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 3, 1879 Breakwaters and dredging of anchorage area of 26 H. Ex. Doc. 75, 43d Cong., 2d sess acres to 16 feet. (Annual Report, 1875, p. 184). Aug. 30, 1935 Seawalls across ledge'in the southeast corner of the Rivers and Harbors Committee harbor, enlarging the anchorage basin and deepen-' Doc. 27, 72d Cong., 1st sess. ing of entrance. May 17, 1950 Small boat basin with breakwater_------------- H. Doc. 187, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' 1 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of May 17, 1950, is subject to the conditions that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will- a. Provide without cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the work, when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works. c. Provide and maintain without cost to the United States, and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suitable and adequate wharf for the accommodation of small craft which shall be open to all on equal terms. d. Establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate and manage the inner harbor facilities. Local interests were notified on September 29, 1950, of the required conditions of local cooperation. None of the above conditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two general merchandise wharves, and several fish wharves, all privately owned. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1167 Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 77 percent complete. Project depths of 16 feet in the anchorage basin and 18 to 20 feet in the entrance channel are available. Private parties dredged 420,795 cubic yards of gravel from the harbor between 1922 and 1930 under permits and without cost to the United States. To complete the project there remains the construction of the inner small boat basin and protecting break- water. The concrete seawalls and the breakwaters are in good con- dition. The gravel spit along the eastern side of the harbor is too low to prevent waves from rolling into the harbor during severe storm periods. The total costs of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year were $209,820 for new work and $128,110 for maintenance, a total of $337,930. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated...----------------------------------------------- $209,820 ..------------ Cost . . ..------------------ -... - - -.. 209,820 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... ... .. .. ....------------ ------------ $2,400 -$564 ....-...... 128,110 Cost 1,802 ...----------------------- 34 .......----------- 128,110 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_-_ _ _________- $254, 000 2. KNIFE RIVER HARBOR, MINN. Location. This harbor is located near the mouth of Knife River on the north shore of Lake Superior, 19 miles northeasterly from Duluth, Minn., and 7 miles southwest of Two Harbors, Minn. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 96.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel, of varying width, 10 feet deep from that depth in Lake Superior; an inner straight channel 8 feet deep, 50 feet wide, and 600 feet long with a spending beach at its inner end having a radius of 150 feet; northerly and southwesterly side channels 8 feet deep, 50 feet wide, and 150 feet and 250 feet long, respectively; and a breakwater about 210 feet long on the south side of the entrance. The project depths are referred to low-water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $212,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual main- tenance is $2,100. 1168 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1945 Dredging ..............---------------------------------- H. Doc. 686, 77th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report for 1949. Sept. 3, 1954 Breakwater and modified channels _ . - H. Doe. 463, 83d Cong., 2d sess., (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act approved March 2, 1945, as modified by the act approved Septem- ber 3, 1954, is subject to the condition that local interests: (1) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas needed for the initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required. (2) Establish and maintain a suitable public wharf, with highway connection, open to all on equal terms. (3) Establish a public or quasi-public agency which will own the land immediately adjacent to the harbor and which will regulate the use, growth, and development of all harbor facilities on a nonprofit basis and in the best interest of the public. (4) Hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the project. Assurances of local cooperation were approved June 11, 1956. Local interests have acquired substantially all of the lands re- quired for the project. Terminal facilities. Local interests have installed pile-and- timber docks on both sides and at the inner end of the straight channel. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance planning was carried on by hired labor at a cost for the year of $5,217. Condition at end of fiscal year. Detailed plans have been com- pleted and contract plans and specifications have been initiated. Local interests have dredged the straight channel included in the project to a depth of 8 to 9 feet below low-water datum, but a bar forms abreast of the lake shoreline partially blocking the channel. The total cost was $5,217 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $258,000 $258,000 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------ 5,217 5,217 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $252, 783 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -- 252, 783 RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1169 3. DULUTH-SUPERIOR HARBOR, MINN., AND WIS. Location. This harbor is at the extreme western end of Lake Superior. The cities of Duluth, Minn., and Superior, Wis., are situated on the north and south sides, respectively. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 966.) Previous projects. Superior and Duluth were separate im- provements until consolidated by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. The original project for the harbor at Superior City was adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867; for Duluth Harbor by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871. These projects were modified by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873; March 3, 1881; July 5, 1884; August 5, 1886; August 11, 1888; and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1929 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1400 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following work: a. Rebuilding the canal piers at Duluth entry with stone-filled timber-crib substructure and concrete superstructure 1,734 feet long and 300 feet apart for 1,250 feet, then flaring to 540 feet apart at the harbor end. b. Replacing the north and south piers at Superior entry with concrete piers 2,096 and 1,584 feet long respectively, 500 feet apart for 808 feet then flaring at the harbor end. c. Constructing 4,205 feet of rubble-mound breakwater, 900 feet of concrete pierheads on stone-filled cribs, and 896 feet of concrete shore revetments at Superior entry, the lake ends being 600 feet apart on the 30-foot contour in prolongation of the en- trance channel and diverging to 2,100 feet apart at the shoreline. d. A flared lake approach to Duluth entry 32 feet deep, and a channel between the piers 32 feet deep at the pierheads, gradually decreasing to 26 feet at the harbor basin. e. A depth of 26 feet in the northern part of the harbor basin inside Duluth entry consisting of 201 acres; and a depth of 25 feet in the southern portion of the harbor basin, East Gate Basin, and in Superior Front Channel, through Superior Bay, 600 feet in width, extending to Superior Harbor Basin, a distance of 13,200 feet. f. A flared lake approach to Superior entry 32 feet deep; a channel between the breakwater entrance and the pierheads with a width varying from a minimum of 600 feet to a maximum of 1,100 feet, 32 feet deep at the breakwater entrance, gradually decreasing to 28 feet at the pierheads; a stilling basin of 20 acres, 24 feet deep, inside the breakwater; and a channel between the piers, 28 feet deep at the pierheads, gradually decreasing to 25 feet at the harbor basin. g. A harbor basin of 290 acres, 25 feet deep, inside Superior entry; a channel in Allouez Bay 2,100 feet long, 400 feet wide, and 22 feet deep; a depth of 25 feet in the south channel of St. Louis Bay from the entrance (East Gate Basin) to the cross channel, inclusive, with widths varying from 500 to 900 feet. h. A depth of 25 feet in a cross channel, with a minimum width of 1,150 feet, and a depth of 25 feet in the north channel of St. Louis Bay opposite the cross channel; elsewhere in the north 1170 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 channel and the south channel and the St. Louis River to a point 9,600 feet above the Grassy Point Bridge, a depth of 21 feet, and, except at Arrowhead Bridge, a minimum width of 400 feet; and a channel thence up St. Louis River 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Spirit Lake (southerly end of Big Island) a distance of about 14,200 feet. i. A channel in Howards Bay 6,000 feet long, narrowing in width from 300 to 125 feet, and 21 feet deep; and a channel 3,300 feet long, 100 feet wide, and 20 feet deep at 21st Avenue West in Duluth. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. Highest single gage reading, November 28, 1905, was 3.7 feet above low water datum; lowest single gage reading, January 23, 1926, was 1.95 feet below low-water datum; the annual fluctuation is about 1 foot. The cost for new work for the completed project was $7,329,320. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $175,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 Dredging__-___ _ __ -- _ ----- __----------__ H. Ex. Doc.59, 53d Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report, 1895, p. 2538. June 13, 1902 Rebuilding piers at Superior entrya R Mar. 2, 1907 Enlargement of plan for Superior entry and addi- H. Doc.82, 59th Cong., 2d sess. tional dredging near draw span of the Northern Pacific R. R. bridge. May 28, 19081 Dredging additional area for the basin inside Duluth H. Doc.221, 60th Cong., 1st sess. entrance to 22-foot depth. July 27, 1916 Enlarging Superior Harbor Basin___----------------H. Doc.651, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1919 Removal of shoal point at southerly end of the East H. Doec. 1018, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Gate Basin. H. Doc. 245, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21,1927Howards Bay Channel, 20feet deep ..... and Rivers and Harbors Con- July 3, 1930 mittee Doe. 32, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 193524 Present project dimensions of the channels and basins. H. Doec. 482, 72d Cong., 2d sess.' July 16, 1952 Deepen Superior Front Channel and a portion of H. Doe. 374, 82d Cong., 2d sess. East Gate Basin to 25 feet. 1 Administrative act, sec. 4. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. 3 Contains last published map. 4 Public Law 568. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities, consisting of wharves, ore docks, and grain elevators, are believed to be adequate for existing commerce, and are being increased as necessity demands. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Dredg- ing of Superior Front Channel was completed under a continuing contract and with removal of boulders by Government dipper dredge Col. D. D. Gaillard, at a cost of $261,261. About 540,013 cubic yards of material were removed in this work. Maintenance: Condition surveys, miscellaneous inspections and reports, and maintenance of parks and grounds were accom- plished at a cost of $53,184. Repairs to the Duluth canal south RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1171 pier were made at a cost of $36,172. Removal of about 119,234 cubic yards of material by the Government dipper dredge Col. D. D. Gaillard to restore project depth in entrance channels and interior basins was accomplished at a cost of $70,707. All work was performed by Government plant and hired labor. Total costs for the year were $421,324, being $261,261 for new work and $160,063 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in June 1956. Project depths are available in the harbor as shown by surveys completed in June 1956 except for scattered shoals in Superior Harbor Basin, East Gate Basin, Howards Bay, St. Louis Bay and Minnesota Channel. The entrance piers and breakwaters are in fair condition except for the concrete superstructure on a portion of the north pier at Duluth entry which requires reinforcement, and the piers at Superior entry which are being undermined and require stabiliz- ing repairs. The total cost was $11,559,693, of which $7,329,320 was for new work and $4,230,373 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated_-.... - . - ---- -___-------------- $293,500 $178,529 1$8,876,515 Cost---- ----------------------------------------- 210,768 261,261 18,876,515 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ---- $222,001 $235,500 $223,800 194,399 202,400 4,280,461 Cost ................ 197,661 220,390 218,457 220,614 160,063 24,234,092 1 Includes $1,547,195 for new work for previous projects. 2 Includes stock on hand, $467; unbilled receivables, $200; and pending adjustment, $3,052. 4. CORNUCOPIA HARBOR, WIS. Location. The harbor is located at the mouth of the Siskiwit River on the south shore of Lake Superior, 49 miles east from Duluth, Minn. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 96.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 50 feet wide and 10 feet deep between the piers; an irregular- shaped turning basin, 8 feet deep; 2 inner channels 50 feet wide and 8 feet deep, with lengths of 450 and 300 feet; reconstruction and Federal maintenance of the entrance piers constructed by local interests and adding 25 feet to the length of the west pier. All depths are referred to low-water datum for Lake Superior, which is taken at 601.6 feet above mean tide level at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low-water datum. The harbor is subject to ex- treme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $262,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $6,000. 1172 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Entrance channel 50 feet wide and 10 feet deep be- Sen. committee print, 75th Cong., tween existing piers from the bay to a turning basin 1st sess. 200 feet long, 8 feet deep, with maximum width of 180 feet, with 150-foot and 300-foot inner channels each 50 feet wide and 8 feet deep. Sept. 3, 1954 Reconstruction and Federal maintenance of the east H. Doc. 434, 83d Cong., 2d sess. and west entrance piers, a 25-foot extension of west pier and a 300-foot extension of the existing westerly inner channel at a depth of 8 feet and-a width of 50 feet. The latest published map is in House Document 434, 82d Con- gress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Local cooperation for the earlier authoriza- tion has been fully complied with. Improvements authorized by the September 3, 1954, act are subject to the conditions that local interests agree to: (a) furnish, free of cost, necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way, including any necessary building removals, and suitable spoil-disposal areas when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improvements; (c) pro- vide and maintain without cost to the United States, a suitable public wharf, about 100 feet in length, with utilities and an access road; and (d) establish and operate a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the har- bor facilities with the understanding that these facilities shall be open to all on equal terms. Assurances of local cooperation were approved on March 2, 1956, and local interests have furnished required lands. Terminal facilities. About 1,000 linear feet of privately owned docking space have been improved for small fishing boats with buildings for processing fish and storing nets. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Ad- vance planning was completed and a contract for construction of improvements was awarded. Maintenance: 7,090 cubic yards of material were removed from shoal areas by Government plant and hired labor. Costs for the year were $11,517 for new work and $4,924 for main- tenance, all by hired labor. Total costs were $16,441. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work authorized by the earlier act was completed in 1939. Advance planning has been com- pleted on work authorized by the later act and a contract awarded. The controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year were 8.5 feet in the lake approach, 6 feet in the channel between the piers, and the turning basin and in the inner slips. Reconstruction of the entry piers and extension of the westerly inner channel, presently under contract, will complete the project. The total costs were $75,037 of which $21,707 was for new work and $53,330 was for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1173 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .. ----------- ------------ ------------ ---------- $230,000 $240,190 Cost_ --- ----------------------------------------------- 11,517 21,707 Maintenance: Appropriated_ .. - - ..-...... $8,436 $9,150 -5,000 53,406 Cost- ------------------ __ 8,436 8,107 $1,043 4,924 53,330 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_________ $27, 563 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - - - 27, 563 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------- 21, 810 5. ASHLAND HARBOR, WIS. Location. The harbor is situated at the head of Chequamegon Bay, on the south shore of Lake Superior. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 964.) Existing project. This provides for an 8,000-foot breakwater and a dredged channel along the dock front, 75 feet outside the harbor line, 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide from a point 400 feet west of 17th Avenue West produced to 8th Avenue West pro- duced; and a flared channel 21 feet deep, 750 feet wide at its westerly end and 400 feet wide at its easterly end and from 8th Avenue West produced to Ellis Avenue produced; for an entrance channel 21 feet deep and 400 feet wide extending in a northerly direction from the easterly end of this channel; and a basin 25 feet deep and about 4,800 feet long, extending from a point about 400 feet west of the Soo dock to a point 1,000 feet east of the Chicago & North Western dock 3, and extending from a line 75 feet outside of the harbor line to deep water in the bay. The project depths are referred to low-water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low-water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $779,078. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $19,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1174 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 Breakwater 7,900 feet long and dredging to remove a H. Ex. Doc. 89, 48th Cong., 2d sess. shoal. Annual Reports, 1886, p. 1674; and 1887, p. 1966. Aug. 11, 1888 Appropriation of $60,000 for "Continuing improve- ment on the enlarged project." (On the comple- tion of the Poe lock in 1896, with available depth of 20 feet, the dredging at Ashland Harbor was carried to a similar depth.) Mar. 3, 1899 Detached breakwater extending 4,700 feet out from June 6, 1900 the shore at a point 2,600 feet east of the main breakwater (prolonged) and parallel thereto. Aug. 8, 1917 Project modified by omitting the detached break- H. Doc. 1698, 64th Cong., 2d sess. water and defining the depth and extent of the channel to be dredged. July 3, 1930 Widening of part of the present channel for an en- S. Doc. 133, 71st Cong., 2d sess. trance channel and for the basin in the eastern part of the harbor. Aug. 30, 1935' Deepening east basin to 25 feet and the west channel, Rivers and Harbors Committee as far as 8th Ave. West., extended, to 21 feet. Doc. 46, 72d Cong., 1st sess. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Widening the west channel to a width of 750 feet at H. Doc. 337, 77th Cong., 1st sess. its westerly end. 1Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The city of Ashland owns 4,150 feet of waterfront, exclusive of street ends, for future public needs. The wharves for handling coal, ore, and pulpwood are served by railroads. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The Government dipper dredge, Col. D. D. Gaillard removed 30,500 cubic yards of material from shoal areas in the harbor basin, at a cost of $27,200. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. The breakwater is in good condition, except for some settlement. At the end of the fiscal year, project depths were available except for minor shoals in the east basin maneuver- ing area. The total cost was $1,334,417 of which $779,078 was for new work, and $555,339 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----------------------------------------------------............ ----...... $779,078 Cost--------...... ...... .. ...------------..------------..------------------------------- 779,078 Maintenance: ------------ $7,000 Appropriated ..........------- $24,400 -$961 $30,000 559,825 Cost--------------------------- 7,648 22,643 148 27,200 1 557,025 1 Stock on hand June 30, 1956, $1,686. 6. CHIPPEWA HARBOR, ISLE ROYALE, MICH. Location. The harbor is located on the south shore of Isle Royale, 55 miles northerly from the upper entrance to Keweenaw Waterway, Michigan, and 185 miles northeasterly from Duluth, Minn. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 981). RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1175 Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 75 feet wide and 14 feet deep, connecting the outer and inner harbors. The project depths are referred to low-water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low-water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $95,000. Annual maintenance is not required. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 446, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are two small privately owned fish- ing wharves in poor condition. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done on the construction of the existing project. A controlling depth of 6 feet for a width of 50 feet exists in the entrance channel. The total cost was $1,304.25, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-- ------------------------------------------------------------ $1,304 Cost ..--------------------------------------------------- ----------- 1,304 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $94, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_____ _________ ______ _------_ 94, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for _- _ _-- completion of existing project -______ -------- 0 7. BLACK RIVER HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is located at the mouth of the Black River on the south shore of Lake Superior 39 miles westerly from Ontonagon, Mich., and 47 miles easterly from Ashland, Wis. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 95.) Existing project. This provides for two converging break- waters 180 feet apart at their outer ends, the westerly one of which extends 555 feet from the shore at the left bank of Black River and the easterly one of which extends 825 feet into the lake from a point about 700 feet easterly of the right bank of Black River at its mouth; for an entrance channel with 12-foot depth, about 700 feet long, and 100 feet wide between the breakwaters with a flared approach at the lakeward end and a widened curve 1176 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 within the breakwaters; for an inner channel of 8-foot depth, irregular in shape tapering to a 50-foot width, and about 550 feet in length; and for an irregular shaped harbor basin of 8-foot depth with maximum length of 240 feet and maximum width of 130 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated Federal cost for new work, made in 1956 is $328,000, and $30,000 is to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1945) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $1,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 446, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). That document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation were ap- proved by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on March 22, 1948. The contribution of $30,000 has been made by local interests who have furnished all required lands. Terminal facilities. Wharves have been constructed on both sides of the river. The wharf on the east bank has a frontage of 400 feet and the one on the west bank has a frontage of 750 feet. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance planning was completed and a contract awarded for construction of im- provements. Costs for the fiscal year were $8,534 Federal funds for designs by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance planning was com- pleted and the improvement was under contract. Total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $15,329 for new work, being $8,534 Federal funds and $6,795 contributed funds. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -----.....----------------------........................-------.......------------ $172,000 $172,000 Cost---------- ---------------------------------------------- ........... 8,534 8,534 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -___. $73, 466 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 156, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __ ____________ _ 229, 466 RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1177 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------------------ $30,000 Cost --------------------------------------------------------------------- 6,795 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .. _.... $23, 205 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ________ ____ __----------- 23,205 8. ONTONAGON HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is situated on the south shore of Lake Superior. It consists of the improvement of the mouth of Ontonagon River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 95.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867. For further details see page 1931 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1406 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a flared lake approach channel 17 feet deep with widths narrowing from 400 feet at the outer end to 150 feet opposite the outer end of the west pier; a channel between the piers 150 feet wide, 17 feet deep in the outer 250 feet, and 15 feet deep in the inner 2,200 feet; an inner basin 15 feet deep and 900 feet long, extending between lines 50 feet from the existing wharves on each side of the river, the maximum width being 285 feet; and the maintenance of this channel, basin, and the 4,990 feet of entrance piers. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is taken at 601.6 feet above mean tide level at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $19,619, exclusive of the amount expended on previous project. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $45,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work'authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 17 feet deep and 150 feet wide through the H. Doc. 602, 61st Cong., 2d sess. bar and 15 feet deep and 100 feet wide between the piers, and pier maintenance. Aug. 26, 1937 Present project widths and inner basin Senate committee print 74th Cong., .------------- 2d sess. (contains the latest pub- lished map). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are no publicly owned wharves. 1178 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 There are 1 merchandise and coal wharf, 1 coal wharf, and a few small fish wharves in active use. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for the commerce of the harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. The Government dipper dredge Col. D. D. Gaillard removed 31,825 cubic yards of material from the entrance channel and minor repairs were made to the east pier, at a cost of $33,716 for hired labor, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1938. The piers are in fair condition except for minor repairs needed on stone covered portions. At the close of the fiscal year, the controlling depths were 12 feet in the lake ap- proach channel, 10 feet in the westerly 60 feet of the channel between the piers and 5 feet in the harbor basin. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $19,619 for new work and $955,415 for maintenance, a total of $975,034. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------........ -----------............----.... .........------------------------.. ------------ 1$304,421 Cost ------------------------ -------------------------------- 1304,421 Maintenance: Appropriated...... $380 $18,600 $2,650 ------------ $51,500 1,093,260 Cost----------------- 83 19,077 1,803 $1,320 33,716 21,075,432 1Includes $284,801 for new work and $113,327 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Stock on hand June 30, 1956, $6,691. 9. KEWEENAW WATERWAY, MICH. Location. This waterway is a navigable channel, minimum width 300 feet, 25 miles long, partly natural and partly artificial, across Keweenaw Point, Mich. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 944.) Existing project. This provides for the following work: a. A waterway across Keweenaw Peninsula via Portage Lake, 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide, increased to 400 feet through Portage Lake below the shoal at its head and with a straight cutoff channel from Princess Point to Messners Point. b. Flaring eastern entrance from Keweenaw Bay, 28 feet deep in the outer portion, diminishing to 25 feet in the inner portion, protected by a breakwater 5,714 feet long. c. A mooring basin inside the east entrance, one-half mile long, 800 feet wide, and 25 feet deep, with mooring piers protected by fender piling. d. Converging breakwaters at the western entrance, with westerly breakwater 2,645 feet long and easterly breakwater 2,485 feet, having an entrance 500 feet wide between the break- waters. e. A western entrance channel 32 feet deep lakeward of the entrance between the breakwaters, diminishing to 25 feet in quiet RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1179 water and enlarged inside of the breakwaters into a maneuvering basin, 1,000 feet in maximum width and 3,000 feet long. f. A mooring basin inside the west entrance 3,600 feet long and 800 feet wide and 25 feet deep, with mooring piers protected by fender piling. g. Reveting the banks as necessary. h. Pierheads 400 feet long at the west entrance to the canal. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. On account of its length, the waterway is affected in a very slight degree by lake fluctuations of short duration. The annual fluctuation is about 1 foot. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $8,890,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Acquisition of the waterway; for a 16-foot channel of H. Ex. Doc. 105, 49th Cong., 2d 70-foot bottom width, renewal of canal revetments, sess. and Annual Report, 1887, the reconstruction and extension of piers at the p. 1977. upper entrance to 30-foot depth of water, and at the proper time for the increase of the channel depth to 20 feet with bottom width of not less than 120 feet (increase in width and depth of channel was ap- proved Mar. 15, 1898). June 25, 1910 Anchorage basin just within the lower entrance about H. Doc. 325, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Y mile long, 800 feet wide; a mooring pier on its westerly side 2,000 feet in length, and for the pur- chase of the necessary land. Mar. 2, 1919 _ _ Princess Point Cutoff Channel-------------- ---- H. Doc. 835, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19351 General deepening, widening, and straightening of H. Doc. 55, 73d Cong., 1st sess.2 channels and basins to provide 25-foot depth with additional over depth at entrances, extension of the lower entrance breakwater, and the necessary alter- ation or replacement of structures due to deepening of the channels. 1Included in the Emergency Relief Administration program, May 28, 1935. 2Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The 6 coal docks, 3 general merchandise wharves, and several minor wharves, all privately owned, are served by improvements made along Keweenaw Waterway. The city of Hancock has 2 publicly owned wharves. The village of Houghton has wharf improvements at the ends of three streets. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $3,359. Repair of upper entrance breakwaters was accom- plished at a cost of $44,047. Dredging of 57,015 cubic yards of material by the Government dipper dredge Col. D. D. Gaillard was accomplished at a cost of $47,238. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $94,644 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 75 per- cent complete. The breakwaters are in good condition except for a weakness occurring in about 300 feet of the substructure of the 1180 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 breakwater at the lower entrance, and the stone-covered portions of the breakwaters at the upper entrance are in need of minor repairs. The mooring pier at the Lily Pond requires repairs to halt movement, and permit dredging to project depth adjacent thereto, and that at the Portage River harbor of refuge is in good condition. Annual redredging of channels will be required in- definitely. The controlling depth on June 30, 1956, was 25 feet. To complete the project there remains the extension of the lower entrance breakwater, and the necessary alteration or replacement of structures due to deepening of channels. For work performed with regular funds, the costs of the exist- ing project were $5,772,115 for new work and $3,429,487 for maintenance, a total of $9,201,602. For work performed with emergency relief funds the total costs and expenditures were $182,826, all for new work. The total cost, all funds, was $9,384,428 of which $5,954,941 was for new work and $3,429,487 for maintenance. In addition, the sum of $402,242 was expended between 1893 and 1917 on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated......... ---------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $5, 954,941 Cost----------------- ------------ ------------ ------------------------ 5,954,941 Maintenance: Appropriated ......---- $67,500 $31,664 $60,600 $63,900 $98,100 3,845,940 Cost----------------- 73,266 31,572 57,099 67,215 94,644 13,842,441 1 Stock on hand June 30, 1956, $10, 990. Pending adjustment-$278. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ $2, 935, 000 10. EAGLE HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is located on the south shore of Lake Superior on the North Face of Keweenaw Point 31 miles north- easterly from the Upper Entrance to Keweenaw Waterway. It is a bay 4,900 feet long by 1,100 feet wide with a natural opening of 1,500 feet, but the opening, except for very small boats, is restricted to 130 feet. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 94.) Existing project. This provides for a short entrance channel 130 feet wide through the reef with a depth of 14 feet; for a guide pier marking the entrance on the west side having a length of 98 feet; for an inner breakwater 170 feet in length; and for a harbor basin 380 feet wide, 420 feet long and 12 feet deep. The project depths are referred to low-water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low-water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1181 and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of Federal cost for new work, (1956) is $205,000, and $27,800 is to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1945) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $500. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 23, 1866 Breakwater and dredging of entrance channel 130 feet to depth of 14 feet. Project modified by reduction of channel width from Annual Report for 1868, p. 89. 130 feet to 80 feet. Project modified by increasing width of breakwater Annual Report, for 1874, pp. 36, from 20 feet to 30 feet and increasing the channel 135 and 136. from 80 to 130 feet. Project modified by omitting breakwater and con- Annual Report for 1877, p. 98. structing guide piers. Mar. 2, 1945 Inner harbor basin and breakwaters and removal of H. Doc. 446 78th Cong., 2d sess. east guide pier. (contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the requirement that local interests: a. Contribute $27,800 in cash toward the cost of protective structures and dredging. b. Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suitable and adequate public wharf for the accomodation of transient vessels. c. Establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of harbor facilities (exclusive of Federal property) with the under- standing that harbor facilities shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. d. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the works. e. Provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project. It is further provided that no work shall be done by the United States at this harbor until the prescribed requirements for local cooperation have also been complied with at the following addi- tional projects in this area: Grand Traverse Bay, Mich., Lac La Belle Harbor, Mich., and Chippewa Harbor, Mich. Assurances of local cooperation were approved on March 22, 1948. Terminal facilities. An old L-shaped timber wharf is available but is in poor condition. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 63 percent complete. The entrance guide piers are in fair condition. The controlling depth through the entrance channel was 12 feet 1182 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 at the end of the fiscal year. To complete the project there remain the construction of an inner breakwater, dredging of anchorage basin, and removal of east guide pier. The total costs of the existing project were $93,000 for new work and $8,992.77 for maintenance, a total of $101,992.77. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------------------ $93,000 Cost-------- ------------ ------------------------------------------------ 93,000 Maintenance: Appropriated --------------------. 8,993 Cost ----------------------- 8,993 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________________________ $112, 000 11. GRAND TRAVERSE BAY HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is located at the mouth of the Traverse River on the eastern shore of the Keweenaw Peninsula about 20 miles northeasterly from the Portage Entry to Keweenaw Water- way. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 94.) Existing project. This provides for 2 parallel piers having lengths of 650 feet and 380 feet for the north and south piers, respectively; for an entrance channel between the piers 50 feet wide and 12 feet deep; and for a harbor basin with a depth of 10 feet for a maximum width of 200 feet and a maximum length of 450 feet. Project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $197,771. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual main- tenance is $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, (H. Doc. 446, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are several privately owned fishing wharves. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant removed 15,045 cubic yards of material from shoal areas in the project at a cost of $17,497, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. The entrance piers are in good condition. The RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1183 controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year were 9 feet in the lake approach and 8 feet in the entrance channel and the harbor basin. The total cost was $305,889, of which $197,771 was for new work and $108,118 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- . ---------- -$2,229 $197, 771 .....----------------------....------------ ------------------------------------------------ Cost.....----------------...........---- 197,771 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $86,173 ------------ $1,100 --------- $17,500 108,125 Cost.-------------. 85,372 380 307 $1,215 17,497 1108,122 1 Includes pending adjustment of $4. 12. PRESQUE ISLE HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor (formerly known as Marquette Bay Harbor of Refuge, Mich.), situated on the south shore of Lake Superior within the city limits of Marquette and about 3 miles distant from Marquette Harbor, is about 11/2 miles long and 1/2 mile wide and is protected by a breakwater. It is an indentation in the shore behind Presque Isle Point. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 935.) Existing project. This provides for a 2,816-foot breakwater off Presque Isle Point consisting of 216 feet of shore connection, 1,000 feet of stone-filled timber cribs, and 1,600 feet of rubble- mound section; and dredging the harbor to a depth of 26 feet in the inner portion, with 28 feet at the entrance, both depths referred to low-water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above the mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation in water level extends from 0 to ±1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $898,809. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $13,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 Breakwater, 1,000 feet long ---------------------H. Doc. 318, 54th Cong, 1st sess. June 13, 1902 Shore extension, 216 feet long- ----..-- .- Annual Report for 1903, pp. 474, 1823. Aug. 30, 1935 For dredging and rubble-mound extension to break- H. Doc. 473, 72d Cong., 2d sess. water 1,600 feet long. Changed designation of (contains the latest published project. map). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There is 1 merchandise wharf and 1 ore 1184 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 dock. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. The breakwater is in fair condition but requires replacement of some stone and patching of concrete superstruc- ture. The controlling depth was 26 feet. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $1,048,496 of which $898,809 was for new work and $149,687 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------------------------ -----------------------...$898,809 Appropriated........ ........------------ Cost_------------------------------------------------------- .----------- 898,809 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ .......... $1,400 $28,000 $2,400 147,439 Cost .......................... 1,400 23,133 7,267 ------------ 147,439 1 Includes pending adjustment of -$2,248. 13. MARQUETTE HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is situated in Marquette Bay on the south shore of Lake Superior, 160 miles west of Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., and 256 miles east from Duluth, Minn. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 935.) Existing project. This provides for a 4,500-foot breakwater, the inner 3,000 feet of stone-filled timber cribs, and the outer 1,500 feet of rubblemound construction, and dredging the harbor basin to a depth of 25 feet, giving a protected area of 350 acres. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation in water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $1,117,312. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $23,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 Breakwater, 2,000 feet long..............--------------------- H. Ex. Doe. 56, 39th Cong., 2d sess. pts. 1 and 2, and Annual Report, 1866, pp. 8 and 77. Aug. 11, 1888 Extending the breakwater 1,000 feet..........--------------... Annual Report, 1889, pp. 272 and 2021. June 25, 1910 Additional 1,500-foot extension to the breakwater and H. Doc. 573, 61st Cong., 2d sess. removing a shoal in the northerly part of the harbor. Aug. 30, 19351 Deepening of the harbor basin to 25 feet--......----....- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doe. 20, 72d Cong., 1st sess.2 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2Contains the latest published map. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1185 Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. These consist of 1 ore dock, 1 coal dock, and 2 oil wharves. There are also several small fish wharves without railroad connections. The facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1935. The rubblemound portion of the breakwater is in fair condition but requires replacement of some stone and patching and resurfacing are necessary on a portion of the concrete-capped breakwater. The controlling depth in the harbor is 25 feet. The total cost was $1,531,537, of which $1,117,312 was for new work and $414,225 for maintenance, including $72,188 public works funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated Cost------------... _........ ._____ _______ _ . _ . _.... ... _ ___. .___ . Approriate------------------------------ ------------- .. ------------ .... ------------------------------------------------------ $1,117,312 $,132 1,117,312 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- -$1,263 $21,300 -$2,000 -$2,541 $1,000 415,229 Cost--------- ------------- 14,859 1,759 141 _---- 1414,229 1Includes pending adjustment of $4. 14. WARROAD HARBOR AND RIVER, MINN. Location. Warroad Harbor and River are at the southwestern extremity of Lake of the Woods, 36 miles west of the mouth of Rainy River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 84, Lake of the Woods.) Existing project. Provides for dredging and maintaining a channel 8 feet deep from the landing at Warroad to deep water in the lake, the channel being 9,200 feet long, 200 feet wide within the harbor, and 300 feet wide out in the lake; for a turning basin 500 by 900 feet to a depth of 8 feet; and for a pile-brush- stone jetty on the north side of the channel extending from the shore 700 feet into the lake. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake of the Woods, which is 1,056 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level is about 3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $83,800. The portion of the dredging of the entrance channel and turning basin to complete the project width and depth is considered un- necessary to meet present navigation requirement, and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $355,200. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1186 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Dredging bar at mouth of Warroad River 2- __ --. Specified in act. June 6, 1900 Entrance channel 300 feet wide and 7 feet deep- ... H. 1 Doc. 92, 56th Cong., 2d sess. June 13, 19021 -- Mar. 25,, 1910 June 1905 Enlargement of turning basin-_-_-___ .--.. H. Doc. 703, 61st Cong., 2d sess. July 25, 1912 Deepening to 8 feet...._ 1Appropriation. 2 The portion of the dredging to complete the project width and depth is considered to be inactive. The latest published map is opposite page 1984 in the Annual Report for 1911. Recommended modifications of project. Under date of April 19, 1948, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the project be curtailed by reducing the channel width to 100 feet and the turning basin to 250 feet. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. A pile-and-plank wharf 80 feet in length has been provided by the village of Warroad for free use by the public. There are 2 commercial fish wharves each 60 feet in length, not open to the public, 1 of which is served by a spur track. There are also a number of minor wharves. These facilities are ample for the needs of existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole is complete except for the inactive portion. The protective jetty completed in 1910 and reconstructed as a rubblemound in 1929, is in good condition. The turning basin at the Warroad wharves was completed in 1911, and a channel 200 feet wide and 8 feet deep was completed in 1915. The controlling depth in the chan- nel is 2.5 feet below low water datum which is 1,056 feet above mean tide level at New York, for a least width of 100 feet. Annual maintenance is necessary. The shore revetment is in need of minor repairs. The uncompleted part of the existing project consists of widening the lake channel from 200 to 300 feet for a distance of 7,460 feet, and the turning basin from 250 by 900 feet to 500 by 900 feet. The additional widths are not necessary to meet present requirements. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $83,805 for new work and $380,336 for maintenance, a total of $464,141. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1187 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ---------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- $83,805 Cost-------------------------------------------------------- ------------ 83,805 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ -$1,810 $2,500---- .- .--.--..-------------- 380,336 Cost- - 2,071 $22 $407 380,336 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________________ (1) 1Does not include $355,200 required for the inactive portion of the project. 15. RESERVOIRS AT HEADWATERS OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER Location. Reservoirs are located on the Mississippi River and several of its tributaries, in Itasca, Beltrami, Hubbard, Aitkin, Cass, and Crow Wing Counties, Minn., as follows: Outlet Area Name of reservoir Watershed Above Original River St. Paul Lake Reservoir Square Square Square Miles miles miles miles Winnibigoshish............... Mississippi------------............ 408 1,442 117 179.4 Leech Lake-.-----__ -- Leech ----------------- 410 1,163 173 250.9 Pokegama- --- ........-- Mississippi------------............ 344 1 660 24 35.0 Sandy Lake--------------- Sandy-...-.-----.--- - 267 421 8 16.6 Pine River ..... -Pine.... ------------------ 199 562 18 23.7 Gull Lake__ --------------.- Gull ------------------ 168 287 20 20.5 1 Exclusive of area controlled by Winnibigoshish and Leech Lake Dams. Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details, see page 1888 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 1098 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the reconstruction of the five original reservoir dams, viz, Winnibigoshish, Leech Lake, Pokegama, Sandy Lake, and Pine River, and the construction of Gull Lake Reservoir. The cost of new work for the completed project was $881,985, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest approved (1955) estimate of cost of maintenance and operation of the reservoirs is $77,000 annually. The above dams are of solid concrete construction, Pokegama being built on bedrock and the others on pile foundations. The Sandy Lake Dam includes a lock 160 feet long, 30 feet wide, with a maximum lift of 9.5 feet and a depth of 2.5 feet on the lower sill at low water. The abandonment of the ditches to connect Long Lake to Round Lake and Round Lake to Gull Lake was recommended in House Docu- ment 413, 64th Congress, 1st session, and was ordered by Con- gress in the River and Harbor Act of July 27, 1916, 1188 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 For reconstruction of 4 of the 5 original dams, and surveys to determine the extent of lands over- flowed by the reservoirs. Mar. 2, 1907 Reconstruction of Sandy Lake Dam and the con- struction of Gull Lake Reservoir. June 25, 1910 Construction of an equalizing canal between Win- H. Doc. 363, 61st Cong., 2d sess. nibigoshish and Leech Lake Reservoirs (no work was done and this part of the project was aban- doned in the act of Mar. 4, 1915). June 26, 19341 Operation and maintenance provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. For map see p. 1978, Annual Report for 1911. Lower operating limits by regulations approved Feb. 4, 1936, and modified Dec. 29, 1944 Minimum Minimum Reservoir stage (feet) Reservoir stage (feet) Winnibigoshish...---------------------- 6 Sandy Lake__ - _ -- 7 Leech Lake---- --- __---___- ___--- -- 0 Pine River--____-______----- ------- 9 Pokegama------------- -------------- 6 Gull Lake..--------------------------- 5 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The reservoirs were operated according to plan with a few minor variations. Storage was released from Leech Reservoir during August to insure sufficient water in Mud and Goose Lakes downstream to harvest a bumper crop of wild rice. A subsequent dry spell caused the lake to recede further. Some difficulty in boating was en- countered in late September and October in some of the shallow bays of Leech Lake. No other deviations occurred. The reser- voirs were all lowered during the winter to the minimum levels prior to the spring runoff which was easily stored. In spite of below normal precipitation during the spring the reservoirs were filled by the spring runoff and were maintained at normal elevations to the end of the fiscal year. It is estimated that the combined reduction in stage at Aitkin as the result of the operation of the reservoirs and the Aitkin Diversion Project was about 4.0 feet of which about 3.5 feet was due to the diversion project and about 0.5 feet due to the operation of the reservoirs. The storage at the end of the fiscal year amounted to 541,500 second-foot-days. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1189 Mean monthly stages for the fiscal year 1 1955 1956 Reservoir I July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. April May June Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Winnibigoshish __ ..... .. 10.39 10.20 9.58 9.09 8.62 8.27 8.28 8.65 8.92 9.36 9.93 9.98 Leech-.... . ____ 1.77 1.47 0.96 0.79 0.76 0.85 0.91 1.02 1.14 1.50 1.87 1.84 Pokegama____ ....... __.... 8.84 9.11 8.74 8.66 8.49 7.08 6.18 7.07 7.17 6.83 8.60 8.86 Sandy_---___ ________ 9.15 9.34 8.96 8.79 8.61 7.78 7.29 7.78 7.88 9.09 9.26 9.09 Pine___-__ .......... ..... 12.68 13.02 12.74 12.62 12.54 12.31 12.08 11.59 11.11 11.94 12.78 12.90 Gull--------..------------......... 6.00 6.04 5.94 5.95 5.94 5.90 5.84 5.43 5.09 5.58 6.02 6.09 1 The mean monthly stage is the average of the stages on the 1st, 10th, 20th, and the last day of the month. The total costs for the year were $71,669 for operation and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1937. The five dams originally built of timber have been reconstructed of concrete. A concrete dam has been con- structed at Gull Lake. Three dikes at Winnibigoshish, 4 at Pokegama, 2 at Sandy Lake, and 16 at Pine River have been constructed. Flowage rights have been acquired on all lands affected by the construction, maintenance, and operation of the reservoirs. Structures are in fair condition except for aprons at three sites. Previous projects Existing projects Capacity at maximum Total Reservoir stage (cubic Com- Com- cost feet) pleted Cost pleted Cost Winnibigoshish_ ------------------- 42,163,000,000 1884 $214,000 1900 $173,470 $387,470 Leech Lake___..-.---.-.----.....-.--. 32,379,000,000 1884 171,805 1902 84,380 256,185 Pokegama ------------------------ 5,260,000,000 1884 ..... 85,000 1904 126,030 211,030 Sandy Lake-.....---------------------- 3,158,000,000 1895 114,000 1909 117,020 231,020 Pine River..-----.... ......-----.... 7,733,000,000 1886 97,000 1907 133,320 230,320 Gull Lake___----------------.----.-- 3,085,000,000 ----------------......... 1913 86,826 86,826 Surveys and flowage rights_ __-----___- --......... .... ....- __.. ......... ....... 160,939 160,939 Total, new work_ ----------------- _ .___.__ _ __ 681,805___...._. 881,985 1,563,790 Total operating and care_-----___- .-- __-..--------- 100,857 ........ 975,020 1,075,877 Permanent indefinite appropriation for operating and care, Feb. 1, 1895, to end of fiscal year 1936- ........ ___ _ . . 967,197 ........----------------- 967,197 Total_ _____ -- __--_____------ 93,778,000,000 ........ 782,662 2,824,202 3,606,864 The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $1,857,005, being $881,985 for new work and $975,020 for operating and care. In addition, the sum of $967,197 was expended between February 1, 1895, and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 1190 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------- ------------------------------------------------ $1,563,790 Cost----------------- ------------------------------------------------ 1,563,790 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $37,000 $71,100 $54,000 $69,000 $122,700 2,097,730 Cost----------------- 76,894 66,112 59,791 77,884 71,669 2,043,074 1 Includes $681,805 for new work and $100,857 for maintenance from previous project. 16. MISSISSIPPI RIVER, BETWEEN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. (ST. PAUL DISTRICT) For report on this improvement, see page 1243. 17. MINNESOTA RIVER, MINN. Location. This river rises in Big Stone Lake, Minn., and S. Dak., and flows southeasterly about 224 miles to Mankato, Minn., thence northeasterly about 106 miles to join the Mississippi River opposite St. Paul, Minn. (For general location, see U. S. Geo- logical Survey map of Minnesota.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of August 11, 1888, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1890 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1105 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for open-channel improve- ment from the Mississippi River to Shakopee (25.6 miles) to obtain a channel with 4 feet of water from the Mississippi River to Shakopee, which will accommodate vessels of 3-foot draft. The cost for new work for the completed project was $12,730, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, (p. 2209 of the Annual Report for 1891). The latest published map will be found on page 1574 of the Annual Report for 1888. Local cooperation. None required under the existing project. Local interests on March 27, 1942, requested that the section of the channel between the mouth and Savage, Minn., mile 13.2, be dredged to a depth of 9 feet, and the Secretary of War under authority contained in section 4 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 4, 1915, authorized acceptance of a total of $139,670.91 as local contribution to defray costs of dredging in excess of the authorized 4-foot project depth. Terminal facilities. At Port Cargill, mile 13.1, Cargill, Inc., owns and operates a launching ways, a dock 650 feet in length with warehouse adjacent, with additional mooring space 1,300 feet in length and has facilities for loading grain and vegetable oils and receipt of coal. The Northern States PoWer Co. is RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1191 operating a terminal for the receipt of coal on the left bank at mile 9.0, and the Richards Oil Co. is operating a terminal at mile 14.5, Savage, Minn. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were carried on and 144 snags were removed by hired labor at a cost for the year of $7,504. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1931. Additional channel dredging (see "Local cooperation"), completed in July 1943, provides: A channel with minimum depth of 9 feet and a width of 100 feet from the mouth to Port Cargill, mile 13.1, except that the 9-foot depth is restricted to a width of 74 feet at the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad bridge mile 1.6; and a launching basin at Port Cargill, near Savage, Minn., with depths up to 20 feet. Depths in this reach greater than project depth are not dependable. Navigation was practicable from Port Cargill, mile 13.1, to Shakopee for drafts not in excess of 3 feet. The total costs and expenditures under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $101,314, being $12,730 for new work and $88,584 for maintenance. In addition, the cost and expenditure from contributed funds was $139,671 for new work dredging to a depth of 9 feet, under the provisions of section 4 of the River and Harbor Act of March 4, 1915. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------- .... --------------------- 12 $130,272 ------------ ------------..... Cost ----------------- ------------------------------------------------ 12130,272 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ -- $3,400 ............ $2,500------------ $12,700 93,780 Cost ..............-----------------... 2,873 1,905 $1,123 7,504 88,584 1 Includes $117,542 for new work for previous project. 2 In addition $139,671 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 18. ST. CROIX RIVER, WIS. AND MINN. Location. The source of the river is in northwestern Wis- consin. It is about 164 miles long and for its greater part forms the boundary between Wisconsin and Minnesota. It flows south- westerly and then southerly into the Mississippi River at Prescott, Wis., 41.7 miles below the lower Northern Pacific Railway bridge, Minneapolis, Minn. The portion included in this improvement extends from the mouth to Taylors Falls, Minn., a distance of 51.8 miles. (See United States Geological Survey map of Minne- sota, scale 1:500,000, for general location.) Existing project. This provides for the maintenance of a channel, 9 feet in depth and of suitable width from the mouth to Stillwater, Minn., 24.5 miles, created by the improvement of the upper Mississippi River; a channel 3 feet deep at mean low water, between Stillwater and Taylors Falls (27.3 miles); im- provement of the harbor and waterfront at Stillwater; and a small boat harbor at Hudson, Wis. 1192 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $266,400. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance for that portion of the project between the mouth and Stillwater is $8,500. The latest authorization (1954) for main- tenance work on the reach between Stillwater and Taylors Falls is limited to an expenditure of not to exceed $5,000 per year. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 18, 1878 Dredging, etc., for a 3-foot channel between the H. Ex. Doc. 75, pt. 6, 43d Cong., 2d mouth and Taylors Falls. sess.; Annual Report 1875, p. 372. June 3, 1896 Harbor and waterfront at Stillwater_ Jan. 21, 1927 A 6-foot channel to Stillwater __ _. ............... . .. H . D oc. 378, 69th C ong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 The 9-foot channel from the mouth to Stillwater.... H. Doc. 184, 72d Cong., 1st sess. May 17, 1950 Small-boat harbor at Hudson .. .. H. Doc. 184, 81st Cong., 1st sess. The latest published map is in House Document 462, 71st Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Local interests for Hudson Harbor are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for con- struction of the project and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction of the project; (3) provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, access roads, parking and storage areas, mooring facilities, and utilities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms; and (4) establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of the harbor facilities with the understanding that such facilities shall be open to all on equal terms. Local interests have not been formally requested to furnish assurances. Terminal facilities. At Stillwater there is a concrete paved levee, 550 feet long and 40 feet wide, sloping from the top of the riverbank to the water. There is also a piling and timber trestle wharf on the right bank, of which 276 feet is dock and 96 feet approach. At other points along the river, landing may be made on the banks. Facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were carried on and 120 snags were removed by hired labor at a cost of $4,722. Condition at end of fiscal year. All new work was completed in 1930, except the subsequently authorized harbor at Hudson. The extension to provide a 9-foot channel from the mouth to Stillwater was completed on August 12, 1938, when full pool at dam No. 3 of the Mississippi River canalization project was reached. The minimum draft from Stillwater to Taylors Falls is about 1 foot at extreme low water, and from the mouth to Stillwater, 9 feet. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $343,662, being $150,410 for new work and $193,252 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1193 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..------.. _ _----------- _ ------------ _ _-----$150,410 ------------ ----------- Cost--------........------------..-----------------------............ ---------------------- 150,410 Maintenance: Appropriated- - _ -..-..........-$3,600 $26,000- .... - ...... $5,100 193,740 Cost ....--------------------------- 2,041 27,530 -$81 4,722 193,252 19. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Date Cost during reconnaissance Name of project fiscal year or condition survey conducted Port Wing Harbor, Wis_ __.- -- ---....-.-.-................ $60 May 1956 20. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Baudette Harbor, Minn --.- .-- -----....- 1955 $36,415 $13,042 (14) 2. Bayfield Harbor, Wis--...........---- .......--------------... 1955 .. 12 $196,000 3. Beaver Bay Harbor, Minn._--- __-------_ 1945----- - .------ -__-___ __- 212 332,000 4. Big Bay Harbor, Mich_. 4 - - - - - - - ..- - - ..---- - - - - - - - - .------ - - 1949 _--- _ -____--- 3 12305,000 5. Black River, Wis. 1950 67,585 ___ _ _ __ 11 10,400 6. Lac La Belle Harbor, Mich...--...........---.. 1955------------------ __-_-. 12346,800 7. Lake Traverse, Minn. and S. Dak ...... --- 1921 92 8. Lutsen Harbor, Minn._ _ _ _-------- 1945 ---- __-------_ _ -_-________712 520,000 9. Mississippi and Leech Rivers, Minn........ 1929 277,615 40,251 (14) 10. Mississippi River between Brainerd and Grand Rapids, Minn.8-------.----------- 1925 47,794 3,891 11. Port Wing, Wis-.... - ------------- 1955 63,393 324,551 (9) 12. Red Lake and Red Lake River, Minn.s...... 1923 9,070 .. 13. Red River of the North, Minn. and N. Dak. 13_- ------------------------- 1921 293,344 ...... 76,209 14. Two Harbors (Agate Bay), Minn------------ 1955 3,554,154 267,593 (14) 15. Wisconsin River, Wis. to1 ---- - -- -- - 1888 16. Zippel Bay Harbor, Minn.e_. 1928 27,941 11,139 11 67,100 1 Awaiting local cooperation. 2 Exclusive of $38,875 to be contributed by local interests. 3 Exclusive of $38,000 to be contributed by local interests. 4 Channels adequate for commerce. 5 No commerce reported. 6 Abandonment recommended in 1915 (H. Doc. 439, 64th Cong., 1st sess.) and June 24, 1926, (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 7 Exclusive of $66,785 to be contributed by local interests. 8 Abandonment recommended June 24, 1926, (H. Doc. 467, 69th Con ., 1st sess.). 9 Completed except for inactive portion estimated in 1954 to cost $22,600. 10oOriginally included in project "Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, Wis." Abandonment of improvement of Wisconsin River by channel contraction works recommended in 1886-1887 (H. Ex. Do. 65, 49th Cong., 2d sess.). Expenditures included under project "Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, Wis." No breakdown available. 11 Inactive, estimate revised in 1954. 12 Estimate revised in 1956. Awaiting the appropriation of funds. 1a Abandonment recommended in 1915 (H. Doc. 1666, 63d Cong., 3d sess.) and June 24, 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 14 Completed. 1194 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 21. RED RIVER OF THE NORTH DRAINAGE BASIN, MINN., S. DAK., AND N. DAK. Location. The Red River of the North Basin, within the United States, includes the northeastern corner of South Dakota and much of eastern North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota. The Red River of the North, formed by the confluence of the Otter Tail and Bois de Sioux Rivers, flows northward through this region, forming the boundary between North Dakota and Minnesota. (For general location of the basin, see the U. S. Geological Survey maps of the States of Minnesota and North Dakota.) Previous projects. Other flood control projects on tributaries of the Red River of the North, coordinated with but not a part of this project, are as follows: Name of project Authorization Status Lake Traverse and Bois de Sioux River, S. Dak. and Minn__ Flood Control Act Placed in operation approved June 22, in 1942.1 1936. Lake Ashtabula and Baldhill Dam, Sheyenne River, N. Flood Control Act Placed in operation Dak. approved Dec. 22, in 1951.1 1944. Red Lake River, Minn., including Clearwater River, Minn-.. ....do------------............... Completed., Homme Reservoir and Dam (Park River), N. Dak -_do .. -......... Placed in operation ..------------ in 1951.1 Pembina River Reservoir, N. Dak.................. ..-- do------------ Planning suspended. Tongue River Reservoir, N. Dak_ - ----- do--------------- Do. 1 Complete report on these projects may be found elsewhere in the report of this district. Improvements for navigation in the basin were authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 14, 1867 Dredging and removal of obstructions in the Red Inactive. Abandonment recom- River of the North from Breckenridge, Minn., to mended in 1915 (H. Doec. 1666-63- the international boundary. 3) and June 24, 1926 (H. Doec. 467- 69-1). For last full report, see Annual Report for 1923. June 3, 1896 Amends above act to include improvements on Red Inactive. For last full report, see Lake River between Red Lake and Thief River Annual Report for 1923. Falls, Minn. July 25, 1912 Improvement of Lake Traverse by construction of a Never undertaken. Abandonment channel between the upper and lower basins. recommended in 1915 (H. Dec. 439-64-1) and June 24, 1926 (H. Doec. 467-69-1). For last full re- port, see Annual Report for 1921. Existing project. The project includes improvements for local protection in the interest of flood control and major drainage to be accomplished by channel improvement, levees, etc., in addition to the construction of a multiple-purpose reservoir on Otter Tail River to control floods and, in conjunction with the previously authorized Federal reservoir projects at Baldhill site of the Sheyenne River and at Red Lake, to increase low flows for water supply and pollution abatement. The units in the compre- hensive basin plan are as follows: FLOOD CONTROL---ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1195 Total estimated Name of unit State Type (1956) Federal cost Orwell Reservoir (Otter Tail River)__ Minnesota- . Reservoir_ _---------- -.......... 1 $1,892,000 Wild Rice and Marsh Rivers..............do ..... .....---- do.....------------------- 406,000 Rush River ..... North Dakota-----------...............do....- ..-------------------- 242,000 Sand Hill River-.-.--.---..---..-... Minnesota------ . -..... -- do __---.... ------- - 535,000 Mustinka River------------...... do-----.... ...-.. do--.....--------- - 440,000 Maple River----------.............- - North Dakota.._----......_...do--....------__- - 1,390,000 Otter Tail River_ -.-------..-------- Minnesota.___ -..... _-----do_.-_--_---------_- 175,000 Bois de Sioux and Red Rivers at Minnesota and North ..... do-- ....---------- 690,000 Wahpeton-Breckenridge. Dakota. Red River at Grand Forks-East .... do....-------------- Leveesand floodwall .. _ 22,830,000 Grand Forks. Red River at Fargo-Moorhead.......--.....do--.....- - -_ Channel improvement, 1,120,000 levees. Total estimated cost---.--..--_ _--------------_ _----- 3 9,720,000 1 Includes $178,000 for lands. Estimated (1955) annual cost of maintenance (operating and care) for this unit is $8,800. 2 Includes $100,000 for lands. 3 The Sheyenne River, N. Dak., unit of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the cost esti- mate. The cost to date for this unit is $32,956. The total cost of this portion was last revised in 1955, and was estimated to be $996,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, which authorized the appropriation of funds for the partial accomplishment of the plan. The Flood Control Act of 1950 authorized completion of the plan. The latest published map is in the project document (H. Doc. 185, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. The improvements, with the exception of the Orwell Reservoir on the Otter Tail River, are subject to the conditions that local interests will (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil- disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of those works; (3) maintain the channels after completion in accordance with regulations pre- scribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (4) make at their own expense all necessary changes to utilities, highways, and bridges, including approaches. No local cooperation is required in con- nection with the reservoir on the Otter Tail River. Immediately following authorization of the basin project, local interests from the entire basin signified their desire that con- struction of Orwell Reservoir be given first priority. At a subsequent meeting of the Tri-State Waters Commission with representatives from the three States involved and local interests, a priority was established for the local flood-protection units authorized in the basin project. Actual priority has depended largely upon ability of local interests to fulfill local cooperation requirements. Local interests for the Otter Tail and Rush River units were formally requested to furnish assurances on August 7, 1950, and January 26, 1954, respectively. Local interests for other units have not been formally advised in writing of the requirements of local cooperation. However, assurances have been furnished as 1196 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 follows, with dates of approval indicated: Wild Rice-Marsh, December 30, 1949; Sand Hill, January 9, 1950; Mustinka, June 16, 1950; Otter Tail, October 27, 1950; Grand Forks, July 23, 1953; and Rush, August 13, 1954. Local interests at East Grand Forks state that they are unable to furnish assurances at this time. Lands required for construction on the Wild Rice, Marsh, Otter Tail, Rush, Sand Hill, and Mustinka Rivers have been furnished. Lands for Grand Forks improvements have been furnished except for the modified levee alinement and flood wall. The completed Wild Rice River improvements were formally transferred to local interests effective August 1, 1952, those for Marsh River on August 2, 1954, and those for the Otter Tail River on August 15, 1954. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance planning was carried on for the Grand Forks improvements and detailed planning was continued for Fargo-Moorhead improvements. Miscellaneous designs and public contacts were carried on for other units. Contracts for Mustinka and Rush River improve- ments were brought from 65 to 90.8 percent and from 25 to 98.5 percent completion respectively. Remedial work on the Otter Tail River and a minor railroad relocation on the Sand Hill River were completed. Work on a contract for Sand Hill River im- provements was initiated and brought to 37.5 percent completion. The contract for Grand Forks improvements, 67.6 percent com- pleted, remained suspended. Orwell Reservoir was operated according to plan throughout the year. The pool was maintained between elevation 1064 and 1066 mean sea level datum (1912 adjustment) from July to Oc- tober 1955, as a protective measure against potential flood-pro- ducing rains. Between October 10 and November 15, the reser- voir was allowed to fill to elevation 1069.3. Drawdown of the reservoir was begun immediately thereafter and continued throughout the winter period. The drawdown plus the natural inflow provided an outflow of approximately 200 second-feet until the middle of March 1956. During the period February 27 to March 2, 1956, the outflow was reduced to approximately 80 second-feet to facilitate work on the Tainter gate. Drawdown to elevation 1048.0 was completed on March 15, 1956, and the reservoir elevation was maintained between elevations 1048.0 and 1050.0 through the end of the fiscal year. No flooding occurred on the Otter Tail River downstream from the dam but some high water was experienced on the Red River of the North, but operation of the dam was not required for relief on the Red River. Costs for new work for the fiscal year were as follows: FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1197 Unit Costs Orwell Reservoir ...------------------------------------------------ -------------- $1,505 Wild Rice and Marsh Rivers------------------------------- 1,035 Rush River ...........-------------- --------------------------------------------- 116,367 Sand Hill River .-------------------------------. 134,223 Mustinka River.. ------------------------------------------------------------- 75,080 Maple River --- .----------- ... ....... ....... ...-----------------------------------------157 Otter Tail River-------------------------------------------- 4,674 Wahpeton-Breckenridge --------------------------------------------------------- 1,874 Grand-Forks-East Grand Forks___________, .______---. .. 31,839 Fargo-Moorhead------------------------------------------------- 14,294 - Total Red River of the North __________-________-------.--- 1 381,048 1Costs of $67 for the Sheyenne River Unit are not included. Cost of work by classes: Advanced planning, including designs, $37,786; construction of channel improvements, $315,313; levees, pumping plants and interior drainage, $20,989; relocations, $6,588; other, $372. Costs by hired labor, $37,786; by contract, $343,262. In addition, costs for operation and maintenance of Orwell Dam were $16,171. Total costs for the year were $397,219. Condition at end of fiscal year. Detailed plans and designs for Orwell, Wild Rice-Marsh, Mustinka, Rush, Sand Hill and Otter Tail River features, and those for the Grand Forks feature have been completed except designs for the proposed floodwall. De- tailed plans are 96 percent, and 50 percent complete, respectively, for Fargo-Moorhead, and Wahpeton-Breckenridge features. Those for East Grand Forks were included jointly with Grand Forks. A total of 1,985 acres of land has been acquired. Chan- nel improvement on the Wild Rice River was started in August 1950 and completed in July 1952. The Orwell Reservoir feature was initiated in May 1951 and was completed in July 1953. Closure of the dam was made in August 1952 and the dam was placed in operation in the spring of 1953. Channel improve- ments on the Otter Tail River were initiated in January 1953 and were completed in June 1954. Contracts for Marsh River chan- nel improvements were initiated in October 1953 and completed in June 1954. A contract for Rush River Channel improvement initiated in November 1954 is 98.5 percent complete; a contract for Mustinka River improvements initiated in October 1953 is 90.8 percent complete; a contract for improvements at Grand Forks initiated in March 1954 is 67.6 percent complete but was suspended at the end of the year. A contract for channel im- provement on the Sand Hill River initiated in July 1955 is 37.5 percent complete. Minor relocation of a bridge on the Sand Hill River was completed in October 1955. The project as a whole is 41 percent complete. Work remaining to complete the project includes completion of minor work on the Marsh River, and improvements on the Maple River, and at East Grand Forks, Fargo-Moorhead, and Wahpeton- Breckenridge, as well as completion of contracts in progress. Total costs to June 30, 1956, for new work are as follows: 1198 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Unit Costs Orwell Reservoir ----------------------------------------------------------- -_ $1,888,556 Wild Rice-Marsh Rivers__ ------------------------------------------------------- 405,025 Rush River--- -------------------------------------------------------------- 206,972 Sand Hill River---- ---------------------------------------------------------- 228,582 Mustinka River-- ------------------------------------------------------------ 388,239 Maple River---- -------------------------------------------------------------- 1,241 Otter Tail River.... ------------------------------------------------------------- 174,378 Wahpeton-Breckenridge .........................- 11,114 Grand Forks-East Grand Forks_-----------------------__ ...... -------------- .- 537,960 Fargo-Moorhead......................................................------------------------------------------------------------- 123,593 Total Red River of the North__-----------------.------.--.--______- - 13,965,660 1 Costs of $32,956 for the Sheyenne River Unit are not included. Costs to June 30, 1956, for operation and maintenance of Orwell Dam are $52,690. Total costs for the project to date are $4,018,350. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------- $700,000 Appropriated........ $622,000 $455,000 $300,000 $650,000 $4,736,100 Cost---- 1,031,164 ..------- 828,905 520,108 587,748 381,115 13,998,616 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ....-..-. 9,450 16,900 14,664 28,005 69,019 Cost ----- 8,648 17,549 10,322 16,171 52,690 1 Includes expendit Tres of $32,956 for Sheyenne River, N. D. channel improvement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____ $603, 284 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 325, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___--_____ _________ _ 928,284 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________________-_ 2 4, 691,900 2 Does not include $963,000 for the Sheyenne River, N. D. channel improvement portion of the project which is deferred for restudy (estimated cost in 1955 was $996,000). 22. RED LAKE RIVER, MINN., INCLUDING CLEARWATER RIVER, MINN. Location. The works covered by this project lie along the upper reach of the Red Lake River and also along the Clearwater River, a tributary of the Red Lake River, between a point near Plummer, Minn., and a point just above the mouth of Ruffy Brook. Red Lake River, the principal tributary of the Red River of the North, has its source at the outlet of Lower Red Lake in the northwestern portion of Minnesota and has a total length of about 196 river miles. It flows in a westerly direction to its junction with the Red River of the North at East Grand Forks, Minn. The meandering length of the Clearwater River in its general westerly course from its source near Ebro, Minn., to its junction with the Red Lake River at Red Lake Falls, Minn., is about 205 miles. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1199 Existing project. The following features are included in the plan of improvement: Rectification and enlargement of 27.5 miles of the channel of the Red Lake River so as to provide sufficient channel capacity throughout the reach between river mile 154.3 near High Landing, Minn., and a point 4.5 miles east of the west boundary of the Indian Reservation, and the reach from the outlet of Lower Red Lake to a point 3.2 miles westerly thereof; modification of the existing stop-log structure, which was constructed at the outlet of Lower Red Lake by the Indian Serv- ice, so as to provide for the installation of three hand-operated lift gates, and one stop-log bay; raising 6.9 miles of highway at west end of Lower Red Lake to prevent overtopping; and rectifi- cation, clearing, and enlargement of 47.3 miles of the channel of the Clearwater River so as to provide sufficient channel capacity between river mile 31.8 at Plummer, Minn., and mile 79.1 up- stream from the mouth of Ruffy Brook. The channel improve- ments eliminate a large percentage of the flood damages resulting from overflow of the rivers and provide adequate channels in Red Lake and Clearwater Rivers to carry the discharge from drainage ditches. Modification of the existing control works at the outlet of Lower Red Lake provides for a discharge capacity of 1,000 cubic feet per second through the structure when the lake is at normal elevation (1,174) and will insure the release of sufficient water to provide water supply and pollution abatement benefits to municipalities along Red Lake River, and to assist in such pro- vision along the Red River of the North below the mouth of Red Lake River. The cost to the United States for the completed project was $2,761,030. The approved (1955) estimated annual cost to the United States for maintenance is $10,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, (H. Doc. 345, 78th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the con- ditions that responsible local interests give assurances satisfac- tory to the Secretary of the Army that they will, without cost to the United States, provide all flowage easements and rights-of- way; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works and operation; make a cash contribution of $33,220 in lieu of altering bridges; take over the maintenance and subsequent replacement of all bridges improved by the United States; maintain the improved river channels; control the con- tamination by rural areas and villages without sewer systems of Red Lake, Clearwater, and Thief Rivers; require that municipali- ties which discharge sewage into Red Lake, Clearwater, or Thief River treat their sewage before discharge into the streams so as to effect a reduction in the biochemical oxygen demand of not less than 85 percent for towns of 1,000 population or greater and of 35 percent for municipalities having a population of less than 1,000; and prevent the construction of any new dams or the raising of any existing dams in Red Lake, Clearwater, or Thief Rivers downstream from Lower Red Lake, Clearwater Lake, or Mud Lake unless authorized by the Department of the Army. 1200 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Provisions of local cooperation have been complied with. Rights-of-entry were furnished as indicated in real estate final report submitted September 8, 1954, and local interests furnished $33,220 cash contribution of which $3,200 was refunded to them in July 1953 for alteration of the River Valley bridge performed by them. Completed portions of the project except the outlet structure, the control structures on Butcher Knife Creek, and the weir on the Red Lake River within the Indian Reservation were formally transferred to local interests in two portions effective November 15, 1953, and November 5, 1954, respectively. Operations and results during fiscal year. The Red Lake Dam was operated as required during the year. At the beginning of the fiscal year, pool elevation was approximately 1,174.5 mean sea level datum (1912 adjustment), 0.5 foot above normal pool. From July to mid-October 1955 the outflow was maintained at approximately 250 second-feet. This flow with a high rate of evaporation caused the pool to gradually drop to elevation 1,173.5. When this elevation was reached the outflow was reduced to 150 second-feet and maintained to the end of the fiscal year. The pool elevation then remained fairly constant at elevation 1,173.4 until the middle of January. From then until the end of June 1956 a gradual increase raised the pool elevation to approximately 1,174.5. No flooding of consequence occurred downstream from the dam and no operation of the dam was required. Costs for the year for new work were -$38 United States funds. Costs for the year for operating and care were $6,993. Total costs for the fiscal year were $6,955. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in June 1956. Construction initiated in February 1948, on the Red Lake River, and in October 1948, on the Clearwater River, has been completed. About 6,576,700 cubic yards of material were removed under the seven contracts embracing this work. Opera- tion of the Red Lake Dam was taken over by the Department of the Army from the Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, on April 1, 1951. Channels are in good condition and have indicated the effectiveness of the project. Total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1956, was $2,791,050, of which $2,761,030 were Federal funds and $30,020 were contributed funds. Cost of operation and care was $29,050. Total costs were $2,820,102. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..___ _... .. ...____ _77 $40,000 -$29,000 -$4,969 1 $2,761,031 Cost_ ---- --- $699,621 $280,077 13,076 11,830 -39 12,761,031 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ 2,120 4,000 6,100 7,342 6,570 29,132 Cost_----------- 3,545 3,584 6,461 7,675 6,993 29,050 1In addition, $30,020 fornew work was expended from contributed funds. FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1201 23. HOMME RESERVOIR AND DAM, N. DAK. Location. The dam site is located on the South Branch of the Park River, about 4 miles upstream from Park River, N. Dak., and 62.1 miles above the mouth of the Park River. South, Middle, and North Branches, the headwater streams of the Park River, rise in Cavalier County in northeastern North Dakota and flow in an easterly direction to an almost common confluence near Grafton, N. Dak., forming the main stream which flows easterly 35 miles to join the Red River of the North about 35 miles south of the international boundary. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of North Dakota.) Existing project. The following features are included in the plan of improvement: An earthfill dam, having a height of about 67 feet above the streambed and a length of 865 feet; a 5-foot inside diameter concrete conduit under the dam, with control gates located in tower at upstream end; and a spillway adjacent to the dam with 150-foot crest at an elevation of 19 feet below the dam crest and a chute with a bottom width of 150 feet. Partial flood control protection is afforded by the reservoir of 7,100 acre- feet capacity which is created by the dam, and the reservoir storage capacity of 3,650 acre-feet below spillway crest (1,080) is used to provide a flow of about 5 second-feet in the river to meet the water conservation needs in the reach from the dam to Grafton, N. Dak. In addition, a 16-inch cast-iron pipe water supply outlet through the dam has been provided at the request of local interests with payment by them. The cost to the United States for the completed project was $1,313,296. The (1955) estimated annual cost of maintenance is $9,500. The project was authorized as "Park River Reservoir" by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, (S. Doc. 194, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) and was redesignated "Homme Reservoir and Dam" by Public Law 435, 80th Congress, 2d session, approved March 5, 1948. The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the condi- tions that local interests make a cash contribution of $40,000 toward the construction cost, and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; make necessary changes in roads, bridges, and utilities; maintain the channel below the reservoir; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; limit future construction of dams below the reservoir; and prevent the discharge of raw sewage into the river by municipalities. Provisions of local cooperation have been complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Minor engineering was accomplished by hired labor, completing the project. The structure was operated and necessary minor repairs were made by hired labor. Repair of undermined spillway was also done by hired labor. At the beginning of the fiscal year, the pool was at 1202 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 elevation 1076.0 mean sea level datum (1912 adjustment) as a precautionary measure until necessary repairs could be made to the crest which had been damaged during the 1955 spring runoff. As actual repairs were initiated, the pool was lowered to elevation 1071.0 by the first week of September 1955. This elevation was maintained until just prior to the spring breakup. Outflow from the reservoir during the above period was maintained at from 1 to 3 second-feet. Results of the annual snow survey in the Park River Basin indicated that the potential runoff was sufficient to fill the reservoir several times. On March 16, drawdown of the reservoir was begun and completed on April 3, to elevation 1053.2. At this elevation a small pond sufficient to maintain fish life was left. Maximum outflow during the drawdown was 50 second-feet. The pool crested on April 24, at elevation 1082.2 with a maximum discharge of 2,000 second-feet. By May 18, the pool had receded to elevation 10.80 and the discharge had dropped to approximately 50 second-feet. The pool was maintained at about this elevation to the end of the fiscal year. Flooding downstream from the dam was somewhat relieved by emptying the reservoir prior to the spring breakup. However, only the favorable melting con- ditions-alternate thawing and freezing during the long runoff period-saved the city of Grafton, N. Dak., from more severe flooding. Damage was at a minimum at downstream points. Costs for the year for new work were $2,387 by hired labor. Costs of operation and maintenance for the year were $56,654. Total costs were $59,041. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in June 1956. Construction was initiated in April 1948, and major structures were completed in May 1951. Structures are in good condition. The total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1956, was $1,369,516 of which $1,313,296 were Federal funds and $56,220 were contributed funds. Cost of operation and mainte- nance was $90,067. Total cost for all work was $1,459,583. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated------ .....- $77,500 .......... __- $3_03_ " $2,000 $2,184 1$1,313,297 Cost _- .....-.. -- -- 98,797 -$46,462 $3,031 3,284 2,387 11,313,297 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- 2,400 3,800 11,200 9,356 56,132 90,688 Cost4,664 6,597 9,171 10,678 56,654 90,067 1 In addition, $56,220 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 24. LAKE ASHTABULA AND BALDHILL DAM, SHEYENNE RIVER N. DAK. Location. The Baldhill Dam site is located on the Sheyenne River, 16 miles upstream from Valley City, N. Dak., and about 271 miles above the mouth. The Sheyenne River rises in central North Dakota and flows 500 miles generally southeast to enter FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1203 the Red River of the North about 10 miles north of Fargo, N. Dak. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of North Dakota.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam, having a height of about 61 feet above the steambed and a total length of 1,650 feet, with a con- crete spillway-control section consisting of a concrete gravity ogee section with overall length, including piers, of 140 feet. The crest is at elevation 1,252 and is surmounted by three standard design Tainter gates each 40 feet long and top elevation at 1,267. A gate-controlled 3-foot diameter conduit has been provided in each of the two center piers. The dam creates a reservoir of 70,700 acre-feet capacity and controls the runoff from an effective drainage area of 1,988 square miles, thereby providing a sub- stantial degree of flood control to the cities, villages, and urban areas along the Sheyenne River and providing substantial water supply and pollution abatement for the section of the Sheyenne River below the dam and the section of the Red River of the North below the mouth of the Sheyenne River. In order that a part of the regulated flow may be available for water supply and pollution abatement in the Red River of the North at Fargo, N. Dak., the plan also provides for the construction of a low diver- sion dam in the Sheyenne River 35 miles above the mouth, and a short ditch leading thence to the existing Stanley ditch, the latter to be cleared and deepened to the Red River of the North which it enters about 9 miles above Fargo. The cost to the United States for the completed project is $2,652,778. The estimated annual cost (1955) for maintenance is $30,000 for operating and care of the Baldhill Dam. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (S. Doc. 193, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. The reservoir above Baldhill Dam has been designated as Lake Ashtabula by Public Law 772, 81st Congress, 2d session, approved September 8, 1950. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the condi- tion that no funds shall be expended on construction of the project until local interests have contributed $208,000 toward the first cost of the reservoir and until responsible local agencies have given assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will (1) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (2) bear the expense of all necessary alterations of utilities, roads, highways, and bridges; (3) construct, operate, and maintain the Fargo diversion dam and diversion ditch improvements in accordance with plans and regu- lations to be approved by the Secretary of War; (4) maintain the channels below the reservoir in satisfactory condition for the flow of water released from storage, to include the prevention of encroachments on the carrying capacity of the channel which would unduly interfere with the conveyance of floodwater; and (5) establish and enforce suitable regulations to prevent pollution of the waters of Sheyenne River. 1204 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Provisions of local cooperation have been complied with except for construction of the Fargo diversion dam and ditch, assurances for which, furnished by the city of Fargo, were approved by the Secretary of War on June 26, 1947. Plans for this feature have been prepared. Operations and results during fiscal year. The contract for stage 2 of tree planting was completed. Miscellaneous engineer- ing and minor contract work were accomplished, completing the project. Structures were operated as required and necessary re- pairs made by hired labor. Baldhill Dam was operated according to plan throughout the fiscal year. At the request of the North Dakota State Water Conservation Commission, the Lake Ashtabula level was lowered 2 feet from conservation level of 1,266 feet, mean sea level datum (1912 adjustment), to elevation 1,264.0 to facilitate construction of a bridge over Baldhill Creek. Drawdown was accomplished during the last two weeks of July 1955. Inadequate rainfall and evaporation caused a further reduction in pool level to elevation 1,263.0, just prior to the freezeup. After the drawdown period, outflow was maintained at approximately 3 second-feet for water supply downstream. During March 1956 the annual snow survey indicated that the level of Lake Ashtabula should be lowered to elevation 1,262.0 This drawdown was accomplished by April 1, 1956. Runoff from snow melt commenced to fill the reservoir by April 10, with the crest elevation of 1,266.9 reached on April 27. Maximum discharge was 1,900 second-feet. The pool receded to conservation level, elevation 1,266.0 by May 3, 1956, and was maintained at approximately that elevation to the end of the fiscal year. Rainfall during June resulted in outflows of approximately 450 second-feet while maintaining conservation level. Costs for the year for new work were $9,823: by contract, $2,862; by hired labor, $6,961. Costs for the year for operation and maintenance were $24,256. Total costs for the year were $34,079. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in March 1956. Land acquisition for the project, included acquisi- tion of 7,816.5 acres in fee and easements on 666.2 acres. Con- struction was initiated in July 1947 and major features were completed in November 1950. The dam was placed in emergency operation in April 1950 and in permanent operation in the spring of 1951. Structures are in good condition. Total costs of new work to June 30, 1956, were $2,860,778, being $2,652,778 Federal funds and $208,000 contributed funds. Total costs of operation and maintenance were $173,518. Total costs for all work were $3,034,296. FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1205 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.. ..... ---------- ------------ ------------ ---------- -- $372 1$2, 652,778 Cost --------------- $144,532 $67,746 $23,733 $16,223 9,823 12,652,778 Maintenance: 17,200 Appropriated-------........ 20,650 46,900 24,138 25,624 175,362 Cost----------------- 21,210 20,767 47,560 23,824 24,256 173,518 1 In addition, $208,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 25. LAKE TRAVERSE AND BOIS DE SIOUX RIVERS, S. DAK. AND MINN. Location. The works covered by this project lie along Lake Traverse and Bois de Sioux River between the upper end of Lake Traverse at Browns Valley, Minn., and the mouth of Bois de Sioux River at Breckenridge, Minn. The lake drains through the river to the Red River of the North, and the two waters form a portion of the boundary between the State of Minnesota and the States of North and South Dakota. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for use of Lake Traverse as a flood control and water conservation reservoir and for channel improvement in the river below the lake. It includes construction of a dam near White Rock, S. Dak., at the north end of Lake Traverse, a structure at the Reservation Highway crossing for control of the upper section of the reser- voir, levees, and embankments necessary near Browns Valley, Minn., and channel improvement of approximately 24 miles of the Bois de Sioux River from the outlet of Lake Traverse north- ward toward Breckenridge, Minn. The dam near White Rock, S. Dak., consists of a control section with concrete abutments, piers, and stilling basin and 3 Tainter gates, each 13 feet wide by 16 feet deep between 2 sections of rolled-fill embankment with a total length of approximately 14,550 feet from high ground on the Minnesota side to high ground on the South Dakota side. This dam supplemented by channel improvement of the Bois de Sioux River downstream and an embankment approximately 5,000 feet long at the south end of Lake Traverse for the protec- tion of Browns Valley, Minn., constitutes the flood-control feature of the project. The structure at Reservation Highway crossing consists of a stone-paved dike spillway with superimposed stop- log spans with total length of approximately 113 feet between steel-sheet pile abutment walls behind which compacted fill with soil-cement slab pavement connects with the existing highway, and is operated to maintain the water level in the upper section of the lake. The project, with reservoir capacity for flood control of 137,000 acre-feet, affords protection to about 42,000 acres of agricultural land from floods up to those which may be expected to occur once in 30 years and should restore Lake Traverse to its former natural condition as a habitat for an abundanee of wildlife and fish: 1206 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The cost of the completed project was $1,332,200. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $16,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project was operated according to plan and necessary repairs were made by hired labor. At the beginning of the fiscal year, Lake Traverse was 0.8 foot below normal conservation elevation of 976.0, mean sea level datum (1912 adjustment). White Rock pool elevation was 1.10 feet below conservation elevation of 972.0. Rainfall during the first 15 days of July 1955 raised the pool elevation of Lake Traverse to 975.8 feet and White Rock to 971.3 feet by mid- July. Additional rainfall held Lake Traverse above elevation 975.4 through the end of August but White Rock pool receded slightly to elevation 970.8. No additional rainfall of consequence fell prior to the freezeup. Evaporation reduced the elevation of Lake Traverse to 974.6 feet at freezeup and White Rock to elevation 970.0. White Rock pool again froze to the bottom. Lake Traverse continued to drop slowly during the winter to elevation 974.1 by the end of February 1956. Very little snow cover occurred during the winter months, however, the small spring runoff raised Lake Traverse pool to elevation 976.0 by May 20, 1956, and this elevation was maintained through the end of the fiscal year. Recovery in White Rock pool was to elevation 971.0, 1.0 foot below conservation level, by April 1, 1956, with no further increase or loss to the end of the fiscal year. No discharge was made during the entire year. Costs for the year were $15,177 for operation and mainte- nance by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in June 1948. Fee title to 1,315.48 acres and ease- ments on 5,952.35 acres of land have been acquired. The White Rock Dam and Reservation control structure are in operation, and the structures and appurtenances are in good condition. The roadways across structures are open to public travel. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $1,506,898, being $1,332,200 for new work and $174,698 for operation and maintenance. Cost ancd financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated------------------- ----------------------------- ------------.......... $1,332,200 Cost-------- ----- ---------------------------------------------- --- 1,332,200 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ $14,200 $13,700 $18,900 $13,300 $16,471 176,721 Cost-_ ----.. 13,206 13,966 17,972 15,486 15,177 174,698 FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1207 26. MISSISSIPPI RIVER NEAR AITKIN, MINN. Location. The area under consideration lies mainly in Aitkin County in northeastern Minnesota, approximately 80 miles west of Lake Superior and about 100 miles north of Minneapolis and St. Paul. The Mississippi River in this area flows in a general southwesterly direction through Aitkin County. Aitkin, Minn., is on the Mississippi River 1,055.9 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) Existing project. The following features are included in the plan of improvement. A diversion channel on a general east-west alinement between miles 1,064 and 1,040.4 on the Mississippi River, being a channel about 6 miles in length and, with the ex- ception of a contracted section at each end of the main diversion channel, a bottom width of 90 feet and 1 on 3 side slopes; a chan- nel about 1,100 feet in length permitting the Little Willow River to enter the main diversion channel and a 2,800-foot channel diverting Wakefield creek into the main diversion channel; ero- sion control structures at the mouth of the Little Willow and Wakefield Creek diversions and at one other point. In addition, 2 supplementary diversion channels are located downstream, the 800-foot Pine Knoll diversion between miles 1,040.9 and 1,040.1 and the 1,300-foot Tow Head Rapids diversion located between miles 1,031.4 and 1,030.5. The improvements alleviate the flood condition and improve drainage in and near Aitkin, Minn. The estimate of cost (1956) to the United States for new work is $1,683,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 599, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the condi- tions that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (3) bear the expense of all necessary construction or alter- ations of utilities, roads, highways, and bridges; (4) maintain all works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (5) prevent future encroach- ment in the flood plain of the Mississippi River within limits of the project. The responsibility for local cooperation was assumed by the Aitkin Drainage and Conservancy District which has furnished assurances and provided necessary rights-of-entry to lands re- quired for construction. The project has not yet been transferred to local interests. Operation and results during fiscal year. Designs were carried on by hired labor. A contract for stone protection at the upper control works to repair damage caused by 1955 high water was completed during February and March 1956. It is estimated that 1208 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 operation of the project in the 1956 high water resulted in a reduc- tion in stage of about 3.5 feet in the vicinity of Aitkin. Costs for the year for advance planning by hired labor were $15,824 and for construction by contract were $45,434. Total costs were $61,258. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preparation of detailed plans is complete and plans and specifications are complete except for remaining remedial measures. Construction was initiated in September 1952 and the project is 95 percent complete. Work on Pine Knoll and Tow Head Rapids cutoffs, Little Willow River diversion, county ditch No. 11 drop structure, and the main diver- sion channel with control structures are complete. Repair of damage to county ditch No. 11 and Wakefield Creek and removal of shoals in the main diversion channel at the mouth of Wakefield Creek, damaged by the April 1955 high water will complete the project. Other structures are in good condition. Total costs of the project to June 30, 1956, were $1,591,225 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....... $600,000 $597,000 _----------$270,699 $100,000 $1,640,289 Cost_ ------.---. -- 63,514 393,047 $746,232 314,145 61,257 1,591,224 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _____ $49, 062 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 1 42, 711 Unobligated balances available for succeeding year ending June 30, 1957_ _______- __________ _ 91,773 1In office, chief of engineers reserve. 27. LAC QUI PARLE RESERVOIR, MINNESOTA RIVER, MINN. Location. The works covered by this project lie along Marsh and Lac qui Parle Lakes and the Minnesota River between the head of Marsh Lake and Granite Falls, Minn. (For general loca- tion, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) Existing project. Construction of the Lac qui Parle Reservoir was initiated as a Works Progress Administration project spon- sored by the State of Minnesota, prior to its authorization as a Federal project by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The plan of improvement provides for completion and mainten- ance by the Department of the Army of the structures on Marsh and Lac qui Parle Lakes and the Chippewa River diversion works, substantially completed by the Works Progress Administration for use of Marsh and Lac qui Parle Lakes as flood control and water conservation reservoirs, and for channel improvement of the Minnesota River below the lakes. The project includes a main dam at the outlet of Lac qui Parle Lake, a structure between Marsh Lake and Lac qui Parle Lake, for control of the Marsh Lake Reservoir, a dam and diversion channel near Watson, Minn., for diverting floodwaters of the Chippewa River into the Lac qui FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1209 Parle Reservoir, necessary alterations to highways, railroads, and bridges in the vicinity, and improvement of the channel of the Minnesota River at various locations between Lac qui Parle Lake and Granite Falls. The Lac qui Parle Dam, which carries a high- way across the Minnesota River, consists of a control structure of 12 bridge spans incorporating sluice gates and fixed spillway weirs, a 2,500-foot emergency spillway, and sections of highway embankment connecting with high ground on either side of the valley. The Marsh Lake Dam consists of a 112-foot concrete spill- way, and two sections of dredged earthfill totaling approximately 9,700 feet in length, including an auxiliary 90-foot grouted riprap overflow spillway. The Chippewa River flood diversion dam con- sists of a concrete fixed crest structure supporting a highway bridge, and section of earthfill through which is provided a con- duit for discharge of low water flow. The diversion channel for passing floodwaters of the Chippewa River into the Lac qui Parle Reservoir is 3,500 feet in length cut through a natural ridge sep- arating the river and an arm of the lake and includes a 6-span con- crete submerged weir, also supporting a bridge, which allows a reverse flow from the lake. A rolled earthfill dike extending along the lower south side of the channel is an extension of the diversion dam and serves also to protect the adjacent railroad tracks from being flooded. Completion of the project included improvements to Lac qui Parle Dam and spillway, improvements to Marsh Lake Dam, access roads, and dike, Great Northern bridge alterations, and construction of a Tainter gate at the Chippewa Dam, and stage-recorder houses. Improvement of the Minnesota River be- tween Lac qui Parle Lake and Granite Falls consists of rock removal, snag removal, and cutoffs at various locations to provide for increasing the bank-full capacity of the channel. The project, with reservoir capacity of about 96,700 acre-feet for flood control above normal elevations of the 2 conservation pools, provides pro- tection for agricultural lands against summer floods. Storage of 58,500 acre-feet for conservation purposes provided below normal elevations of conservation pools results in improved lake levels for recreation and game conservation in addition to providing for in- creased low water flow downstream for agricultural interests and for sewage disposal at Granite Falls. The estimate of cost (1956) to the United States for completion of the project is $564,000 for construction and $397,000 for lands and damages. The estimated (1955) annual cost of maintenance is $23,000. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work pertaining to transfer of land from the State of Minnesota to the United States was continued by hired labor. Structures were operated accord- ing to plan and necessary minor repairs were made to structures. Lac qui Parle Reservoir was maintaned at approximately conserva- tion elevation 931.2, mean sea level datum (1929 adjustment), for the period July to December 1955 except for a 10-day period in mid-July when the pool rose to elevation 932.5 caused by a period of heavy rainfall during the first 2 weeks of July. Maximum dis- 1210 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 charge during this period was 1,200 second-feet, otherwise the discharge averaged about 35 second-feet for the period. Lack of inflow reduced the pool elevation to 930.7 feet by the end of Decem- ber with no further loss until drawdown of the pool was com- menced in mid-February to lower the pool to elevation 930.0 by March 1, 1956. The spring breakup began about March 20. The pool crested at elevation 933.9 on April 17, 1956. Maximum dis- charge was approximately 3,500 second-feet. The pool elevation receded to conservation level of elevation 931.2 by the end of April 1956 and was maintained at approximately that elevation until mid-June when rainfall raised the pool elevation approximately 0.5 foot above conservation level. The discharge from Lac qui Parle when conservation level was reached was approximately 1,200 second-feet, gradually receding to about 50 second-feet be- fore being increased to 1,000 second-feet the last two weeks of June 1956. Costs for the year for new work were $2,107, being $769 for engineering by hired labor and $1,338 for land acquisition activi- ties. Costs for operation and maintenance were $15,200. Total costs were $17,307. Condition at end of fiscal year. Transfer of the project from the State of Minnesota to the United States was consummated on September 7, 1950. Previously operated by the State of Min- nesota, the project has been operated by the Government according to the approved plan of operation since that time. Easements on 32.8 acres of land have been obtained and fee title to 516.3 acres and easements on 19,642.6 acres of land are in process of acquisi- tion. Construction under the present plan of improvement was started in September 1941 and was completed in December 1951. All structures are in good condition. Completion of land acquisi- tion will complete the project. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $1,130,020, of which $923,322 was for new work and $206,698 was for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated----------- Cost--------------- .. $103,867 ------------ $2,888 ----------- $317,365 ------------ $3,724 -$13,800 2,107 $961,000 923,322 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ 63,300 61,900 22,100 12,200 18,998 210,898 Cost----------------- 40,428 74,408 38,153 15,463 15,200 206,698 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -------- $36, 600 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------------------------- 36, 600 FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1211 28. UPPER IOWA RIVER, IOWA Location. The works covered by the project include improve- ment of the Upper Iowa River in the vicinity of its mouth with an outlet through the floodplain west of the Mississippi River, about 1.5 miles south of New Albin, in the extreme northeast corner of the State of Iowa. (For general location see the U. S. Geological Survey map of Iowa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for an adequate outlet for the Upper Iowa River and to improve the present channel above mile 0.2 by rectification of the existing channel from mile 4.2 to mile 0.2 and construction of a new outlet channel from the latter point to a point on Minnesota Slough opposite mile 671.5 on the Mississippi River, a distance of about 3 miles. The channel would accommodate a maximum discharge of 10,000 cubic feet per second. Spoil material would be placed in levees which would give agricultural lands maximum protection from the design flow. The plan also provides for riprap protec- tion at the railroad bridge and two highway bridges. The estimated cost to the United States for new work, revised in 1956, is $1,102,000. The estimated annual cost (1956) to the United States for maintenance is $15,000 for increased mainten- ance in the Mississippi River and maintenance of Minnesota Slough. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 375, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the condition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) Furnish without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction of the project; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (c) maintain and operate the project in accordance with regula- tions prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (d) prevent encroachments which would reduce the flood-carrying capacity of the channel. Assurances of local cooperation were approved on June 12, 1956. Local interests are proceeding with preliminary work toward acquisition of land. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of de- tailed plans was substantially completed by hired labor at a cost for the year of $14,193. Condition at end of fiscal year. Only preliminary work has been done. Total cost to date is $14,193. 1212 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ...... . $43,000 $43,000 ...----------------------------------------------- Cost-------.. ------------------------------------------------ 14,193 14,193 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _-__ ____ $28, 807 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---------------------------------- ------ 528, 807 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---__---------------------- 577, 000 29. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 full report _ Estimated Name of project see Annual amount re- Report Operation quired to for- Construction and mainte- complete nance Dry Run, Iowa_ ___------ ..--------.--------- - 1951 1$11,706,900 .------------ Completed. Pembina River Reservoir, N. Dak--------------............. 1950 50,000 ------------ 2$760,000 Tongue River Reservoir, N. Dak------------. 1950 23,695 .------------ 2 856,300 Upper Mississippi River Basin (St. Paul district) 1950 .----- --............. 3 23,700,000 Black River Reservoir, Wis. 1 Exclusive of $42,765.80 expended from contributed funds. 2 Further work deferred pending review of H. Doc. 565, 78th Cong., 2d sess. (inactive). 3 Has not been selected for construction (inactive). 4 Revised in 1954. 30. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Inspections under this heading are made of completed flood- control projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. The inspections are for the purpose of determining that the project channels are kept clean and un- obstructed, dikes and revetments are in good condition, and struc- tures are in good repair and operable. Eight inspections of 14 projects in this category, were made during the year. The proj- ects were found in good condition, although minor deficiencies were called to the attention of the local operating official. Costs for the year were $214. Total costs to June 30, 1956, were $1,189. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated........ -$220 $425 $300 $200 $700 $1,705 Cost ........... .... .. 85 163 647 214 1,189 FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1213 31. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Con- trol Act.) In addition to funds previously allotted under this heading, the sum of $20,000 was made available in fiscal year 1956 for snagging and clearing on the Maple River at Enderlin, N. Dak., and $46,600 was made available for snagging and clearing of the Park River in the vicinity of Hoople, N. Dak. Contracts for work at both of these locations were awarded. Planning for work on the South Fork of the Yellow Bank River and on the South Fork of the Crow River, both in Minnesota, was discontinued when it was found that required local cooperation could not be met. Unexpended funds from these projects were revoked. Total costs for the year were $6,335.25. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- $85,000 $64,300 $5,600 $7,894 $54, 971 $358,302 Cost 6,961 100,704 39,772 6,209 6,335 297,981 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $8, 299 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________________-___ 8,299 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). SWAN CREEK NEAR CASSELTON, N. DAK. The project for improvement of Swan Creek, near Casselton, N. Dak., was approved and funds were allotted for construction prior to this fiscal year. Approval was subject to general require- ments specified by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, as amended, with the additional provision that local interests assume all construction costs in excess of $150,000 and make such funds available to the District Engineer prior to initiation of construc- tion. Assurances submitted by the North Dakota State Water Conservation Commission have been approved covering the pro- visions of local cooperation including the provisions for assuming all costs in excess of $150,000 and for assuming the additional costs of a modified channel alinement requested by local interests. The Swan Creek Water Conservation and Flood Control District, the sponsoring agency, had acquired substantially all of the lands required for construction, but on June 7, 1954, that agency re- quested a 6-month delay in proceeding with further work on the project to permit local interests to make a restudy of the whole drainage problem in light of the overall expenditures presently contemplated. 1214 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Plans and specifications for the channel excavation were sub- stantially complete and an agreement has been consummated with the Northern Pacific Railway Company for relocation of a bridge over Swan Creek. All further work in connection with this proj- ect has been indefinitely suspended since June 1954. No further action was taken by local interests and the project was canceled in its entirety on November 16, 1955. There were no costs during the fiscal year. Total costs to June 30, 1956, are $17,713. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: $6,500 Appropriated-------........ $143,500------ -$131,200 -$1,087 $17,713 Cost----------------- 4,669 6,937 $5,890 217 ............ 17,713 BAYFIELD, WISCONSIN The project at this location provides for an inlet structure, steel culvert, open concrete flume, and outfall structure to protect the city of Bayfield by diverting the flow in Ball Park Creek. Local interests furnished the items of local cooperation required by Sec. 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948, as amended. Construction was accomplished in two parts. The Federal portion by contract provided for construction of the debris basin, inlet structure, earth dikes, and earth-covered steel pipe. Work was started on August 18, 1954, and was completed on November 19, 1954, except for topsoiling and seeding which was completed in June 1955. The balance of the project was constructed by local interests under a State of Wisconsin Highway Department contract in the period September to December 1954 with topsoiling and seeding being done in June 1955 at a contract cost of about $42,000. This work included construction of an open concrete flume and outfall at the Lake Superior end of the project. The entire project was completed in June 1955 and was trans- ferred to local authorities in May 1955. Cost to the United States during this fiscal year was -$116. Total costs to the United States to June 30, 1956, were $140,685. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: --------------------------- Appropriated........ ............ $147,800 -------------- $7,115 $140,685 Cost---------- --------------------------- 7,896 $132,905 -116 140,685 FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 1215 REDWOOD RIVER BELOW MARSHALL, MINN. The sum of $5,000 was allotted in each of fiscal years 1954 and 1955 for the purpose of a report on Redwood River below Mar- shall, Minn., to determine the extent of work to be done, if any, at that location. A report was submitted recommending improve- ment of the Redwood River between miles 14.0 and 61.0 above its mouth to include continuous channel clearing, channel enlarge- ment and straightening for 3.3 miles, and 10 cutoffs below the en- larged reach, at a total estimated cost to the United States of $139,700. Local interests will be required to furnish the necessary rights-of-way; to hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction of the project; to make at their own expense any necessary alterations to utilities, highways, and high- way bridges, including approaches; to maintain the channel im- provement; and to assume all Federal project costs in excess of $150,000. No work was done during the fiscal year. Total costs to June 30, 1956, are $10,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .. _ ___.. .- $5,000 .---.---.----- $5,000 $10,000 Cost -------------------------------------- 862 9,138 ------- 10,000 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $140, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _-_______ ________-____ -__ 140, 000 MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT GUTTENBERG, IOWA The sum of $7,500 was allotted for the purpose of a report on the Mississippi River at Guttenberg, Iowa, to determine the extent of work to be done, if any, at that location. Work on the report was dropped after it was found that local interests were financially unable to meet requirements of local cooperation, and remaining funds were revoked. Costs for the year were $5,052. Total costs to June 30, 1956, are $5,475. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New Work: Appropriated..--- ........ ------------------------ ...------------ $7, 500 -$2,025 $5,475 Cost ------------------------------------------------ 423 5,052 5,475 1216 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 DRY-SWEETWATER LAKES, N. DAK. The sum of $1,000 was allotted for the purpose of initiating a report on the flood problems in the Dry Lake and Sweetwater Lake area of the Devils Lake subbasin of the Red River of the North, N. Dak. Study of the feasibility of a plan of improvement pro- posed by the State of North Dakota was included in the investiga- tion. Development of the report indicated that a suitable solution would be too complex to be accomplished under this authority, and the problem will be included in a separately authorized interim survey report. No further work will be done under this authority and remaining funds have been revoked. Costs for the fiscal year and total costs to June 30, 1956, are $521. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -- ------------------------------------ $1,000 -$479 $521 Cost--------- ------------------------------------------------ 521 521 UPPER WEST WATERLAND, WARD AND RENVILLE COUNTIES SOURIS RIVER BASIN, N. DAK. Funds were allotted for the purpose of studying the flood prob- lems in Ward and Renville Counties in the Souris River Basin, N. Dak. Because of the high costs of proposed improvements and anticipated difficulties in developing a plan suitable to the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service it was recommended that the problem be included in an examination and survey on the Souris River. No further work will be done under this authority. Costs for the fiscal year and total costs to June 30, 1956, are $250.00. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ---------- $250 $250 Appropriated------.....----------------------------------........................ Cost--------- 250 ------------------------------------------------.......... 250 BAY CITY, WIS. The sum of $500 was allotted for a brief study of the flood prob- lem at Bay City, Wis. Data furnished by the railroad and high- way commission regarding a coordinated flood-protection and erosion-control project are being analyzed. Costs for the fiscal year and total costs to June 30, 1956, are $356. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DIST. 1217 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------------------------------------------------- $500 $500 Cost----------------------------------------------------- 356 356 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-----------$144 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---------------------------------------- 144 Emergency flood-control activities-Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong. and antecedent legislation). Under the above authority, costs during the fiscal year were $4,637 for advance preparation of flood emergencies. The sum of $12,400 was received for the repair and restoration of levees on the Trempealeau River at Arcadia, Wis. Of this amount $1,424 Was spent on preliminary work. Total costs during the fiscal year were $6,061. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ $47,285 $225,300 $34,160 $2,100 $18,900 $452,307 Cost----------------- 93,890 225,300 34,160 2,100 6,061 439,468 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--- $12, 839 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- _ _______ __ ____ _ 12, 839 32. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Navigation studies were continued at a cost for the fiscal year of $35,974. The unexpended balance of $163 at the end of the fiscal year plus an additional $55,100, or a total of $55,263 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for completing the preliminary examination report at AuTrain, Michigan, continua- tion of studies on the survey reports on Duluth-Superior Harbor, Minnesota and Wisconsin, and Mississippi River Comprehensive Harbor Study, and initiation of studies for the survey report on Red Wing Harbor, Minnesota. Flood control studies were continued at a cost for the fiscal year of $96,624. The unexpended balance of $16,509 at the end of the fiscal year plus an additional $121,800, a total of $138,309 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for continuing flood control studies including completion of the survey report on Lake of the Woods Claims, continuation of studies of the Red River of the North Basin, Minnesota River Basin, Minnesota, and 1218 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the Kickapoo River Basin, Wisconsin, and initiation of studies for the survey reports on Mississippi River at Guttenberg, Iowa, and Trempeleau River, Wisconsin. 33. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Under this category, streamflow data were obtained by Corps of Engineer gaging beyond the cooperative streamgaging pro- gram; hydraulic laboratory work was continued in the measure- ment and analysis of the sediment load in streams and in investi- gations for high-lift locks, and International Joint Commission activities for regulation of Lake of the Woods waters were accom- plished. Costs for the fiscal year under this category, included in the costs indicated above, were $41,128. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT This district comprises portions of western Illinois, southwest- ern Wisconsin, southern and southwestern Minnesota, eastern and central Iowa, and northeastern Missouri, embraced in the drainage basin of the Mississippi River and its eastern and western tribu- taries between mile 300 (above the mouth of the Ohio River) and mile 614, and of its eastern tributaries only, between Hamburg Bay, at mile 261, and mile 300. This district also includes the Illinois and Mississippi Canal and the drainage basin of Bureau Creek, Ill. That section of the Mississippi River between mile 300 and mile 614 is included in the report on Mississippi River between Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation I Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Mississippi River between the 11. Coralville Reservoir, Upper Missouri River and Minne- Mississippi River Basin, apolis, Minn. (Rock Island Iowa_--- _-1231 District) _ ______ _____ _ 1219 12. Muscatine Island Levee Dis- 2. Illinois and Mississippi Canal, trict and Muscatine-Louisa Ill--------------------1219 County Drainage District 3. Navigation projects on which No. 13, Iowa___ _ ___ 1233 reconnaissance and condi- 13. Muscatine, Iowa (Mad Creek)_ 1234 tion surveys only were con- 14. Campbells Island, Mississippi ducted during the fiscal River, Ill__--------------- 1235 year------------------- 1223 15. Sabula, Mississippi River, 4. Other authorized navigation Iowa_- .- _1236 projects_____________-_ 1224 16. Upper Mississippi River Ba- sin, Rock Island District___ 1237 Flood Control 17. Other authorized flood-control projects____________-_ 1238 5. The Sny Basin, Ill----------1224 18. Inspection of completed flood- 6. Bear Creek at Hannibal, Mo_ 1226 control works_--------- 1239 7. Fabius River Drainage Dis- 19. Flood-control work under spe- trict, Mo-------------- 1227 cial authorization_--------- 1239 8. Mississippi River at Canton, Mo------------------- 1228 General Investigations 9. Hunt Drainage District and Lima Lake Drainage Dis- 20. Examinations and surveys . 1241 trict, Ill----------------1229 21. Research and development_.. 1241 10. Red Rock Reservoir, Upper Mississippi River Basin, Iowa-_- ---- _____-- 1229 1. MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. (ROCK ISLAND DISTRICT) For report on this improvement, see page 1243. 2. ILLINOIS AND MISSISSIPPI CANAL, ILL. Location. This canal connects the Illinois and the Mississippi Rivers, proceeding from a point on the Illinois River about 12 miles from La Salle across the State of Illinois to the Mississippi River at the mouth of Rock River. 1219 1220 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. This provides for the construction of a canal from the Illinois River, near Bureau, running westerly via the Bu- reau Creek Valley to Rock River, near Colona, thence in the bed of Rock River to the rapids near Milan, and thence to the Mis- sissippi River at the mouth of Rock River, at Rock Island, the length of the main line being 75 miles. The feeder, 29.3 miles in length, extends from Rock Falls on Rock River to the summit level of the canal, about 28 miles from the Illinois River. There are 32 locks in the main canal, described in the following tabulation. There is also a lock and controlling works at the head of the feeder at Rock Falls and a lock in Rock River at Rock Falls connecting the pool of the Government dam with the pool of the power company's dam below. This lock has dimensions similar to those in the main canal and cost $75,000. The cost of new work for the completed project was $7,605,143.41. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Existing project adopted__-- ---.-. . ----.-.... .I H. Ex. Does. 316 and 429, 51st Cong., 1st sess.; Annual Report, 1890, p. 263. Do_ ..... Estimate of cost for new work revised to $8,911,551.12_. H. Doc. 297, 57th Cong., 1st sess. June 26, 1934 ' Operation and care of the works of improvement pro- vided for with funds from War Department appro- priations for rivers and harbors. July 3, 1930 For payment of $8,450.75 to the Mud Creek special H. Doc. 108, 70th Cong., 1st sess. drainage district for work accomplished by the said district. Do--......Secretary of War authorized to expend from funds Specified in act. appropriated and available for maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works the sum of $25,235 as a contribution toward the relocation and reconstruction of the highway bridge across the Illinois and Mississippi Canal at Wyanet, Bureau County, Ill., known as bridge No. 10. 1 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. The latest published map is shown on page 2013 of Annual Report for 1908. Table showing features of the Illinois and Mississippi canal LOCKS Location Locks I Dimensions Depth on miter sill Year z Distance Character of opened to Total cost 0j Name from foundation navigation Missis- Distance from nearest town or Greatest sippi mouth of navigable tributary length River Width of available Lift Upper Lower chamber for full width 0 I I --- --- 1 - ri 1 I--------I 1 Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Lock 1_______---- _ 74.87 Illinois River, 2,000 feet west __.. 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Sand and clay.--------- Oct. 24,1907 $41,305.03 I Lock 2 ---- 73.91 At Bureau _-------._.__.. 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Sand, clay, and gravel - ..... do....-- 42,099.69 Lock 3 _____------ 73.29 Y mile west of Bureau ..__. . ._- 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Quicksand and gravel--. . do...... ---. do------ 39,172.01 O Lock 4-------------- 71.75 2% miles west of Bureau ......... 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel- ------- 39,357.10 C Lock 5 _--------.... 70.63 3% miles west of Bureau ......... 35 143.08 8.0 8.17 7.0 .__do_.----------- .--- .... --.. do -.... -do ....- 39,509.45a Lock 6------------- 68.75 5 miles west of Bureau .......... 35 143.08 10.0 8.17 7.0 Sand, hardpan, and 41,927.72 gravel. Lock 7----------- -- 68.00 3 miles east of Tiskilwa ..........- 35 143.08 8.0 8.17 7.0 Loam and sand.--..--- .....do----- 35,635.09 U1 Lock 8-------------- 67.62 2 miles east of Tiskilwa ........-- 35 149.75 8.0 8.17 7.0 .. do ------------- --.. do.... 36,274.37 r Lock 9--...---------- 66.80 1Y2miles east of Tiskilwa....._ _ 35 149.75 8.0 8.17 7.0 Clay- -------------- ... do .... 32,134.93 Lock 10 ..........- 64.98 At Tiskilwa_________ ______ 35 149.75 9.0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel-........ 36,113.71 Z Lock 11_----------- 64.13 1 mile west of Tiskilwa __.__.. 35 149.75 9.0 8.17 7.0 .-- do.............-.... 36,710.05 0 Lock 12 ..........-- 63.56 1% miles west of Tiskilwa .___.. 35 149.75 8.0 8.17 7.0 ..... do_ - ---------- ..... do..---- 33,827.14 Lock 13.....---------.... 62.83 3 miles west of Tiskilwa ......... 35 146.75 10.0 8.17 7.0 Loam and clay...------- ..... do-- - 32,294.88 H Lock 14.. ----........ 64.02 3 miles east of Wyanet .----...--- 35 149.75 10.0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel ..-..... ...- do .. ... 31,524.90 ' Lock 15.........-------- 61.42 2% miles east of Wyanet .___. - 35 149.75 10.0 8.17 7.0 ..-- do_ _----------- do .do 29,974.01 - Lock 16__.....---------- 61.23 2 miles east of Wyanet ._-___-- 35 149.75 11.0 8.17 8.0 Loam, clay and sand..-- do.. do- 34,089.19 Lock 17.....---------- 60.98 1% miles east of Wyanet _...... 35 149.75 10.0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel .....-- --- .do -- 32,576.27 Lock 18...---------... 59.90 1 mile east of Wyanet ........-- 35 149.75 9.0 8.17 7.0 Clay and gravel........ -- ---... do---- -.do.... 35,372.69 E-i Lock 19_....... ... 59.12 At Wyanet_____-_____.--------- 35 149.75 10.0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel ...... -- -- do- 34,239.36 Co Lock 20------------ 58.09 1 mile west of Wyanet --.....-- 35 149.75 11.0 8.17 7.0 Loam, clay and sand---- .. .do . ---do- 36,838.76 H Lock 21 ______--- ... 57.83 1Y2miles west of Wyanet -.... 35 149.75 11.0 8.17 8.0 .. do _----- ----- --- ... do- - --- 38,026.88 le- Guard lock---------- 29.20 29 miles north main-line canal 1_ - 35 149.00 (2) 8.30 6.5 Limestone__------------ 32,678.57 Rock, River lock 3_ _ 29.20 At Rock Falls, Ill.1----------- 35 143.08 (2) 8.47 6.6 __ do_- _-- - - 1913 75,605.01 C Lock 22_...... _- .. 46.32 13 miles west of Wyanet .....-- 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Clay- - - - - -- Oct. 24,1907 42,458.63 H Lock 23- --- --- -- 37.12 10 miles east of Geneseo --------- 35 143.08 11.0 8.17 7.0 ..do_ _ - - ---- ...- do..---- 41,777.95 Lock 24 __.........._ 27.05 At Geneseo__ _----------------- 35 143.08 11.0 8.17 7.0 Clay and gravel........ ...do...... 47,059.15 Lock 25..-------------.......... 21.56 5Y2miles west of Geneseo-_.....-- 35 143.08 8.0 8.17 7.0 Sand- - - - .. do- ---- 40,429.10 , See footnotes at end of table. Table showing features of the Illinois and Mississippi canal LOCKS-Continued Location Locks Depth on miter Dimensions sill Year Distance Character of opened to Total cost O Name from foundation navigation Missis- Distance from nearest town or Greatest O sippi mouth of navigable tributary length River Width of available Lift Upper Lower chamber for full O width Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Lock 26------------- 20.46 5 miles east of Colona...------------- 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Sand__....-__- __--__--- Oct 24,1907 40,428.75 Lock 27------------- 18.13 2m miles east of Colona....----------- 35 143.08 8.0 8.17 7.0 Gravel----------------- . . ... do... 39,090.66 Lock 28------------- 15.70 At Colona---- ------------------- 35 143.08 8.0 8.17 7.0 Rock ..------------------- do..... 30,808.53 Lock 29 --- ___- ____ 13.37 2Y2 miles west of Colona...--------- 35 143.08 11.0 8.17 7.0 ----..... do..-------- ---- ----- do ...-- 37,262.65 Lock Lock 30--- ____ __ 31------------- 4.62 2.02 13 miles east of Milan....-------- 1 mile west of Milan_------------- 35 35 149.00 145.42 0 6.0 7.00 7.17 7.0 7.0 Rock, etc., hardpan __- Clay and gravel .-----------..do ... -... do-... 71,588.00 38,711.44 Lock 32------ ------- .15 3Y miles west of Milan....----------- 35 143.08 12.0 8.00 7.0 .....do- ---.. ...---- _do . 85,468.31 Total cost, locks-------- . _---------_ _-------------------------- _-------------- _1,382,432.98 ADDITIONAL FEATURES ENTERING INTO COST OF PROJECT Sterling Dam and dams at Milan, Ill..... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ $128,857.97 Bridges 1513,823.25------------------------------ . 1,513,823.25 Culverts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .410,198.19 ... Houses---- 76,974.69---------------------------- . 7 6,974.69 Surveys, flowage, and right-of-way---. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 726,656.61 Excavations, an rghtofwembankments,----------clearing,--------fences,-------etc------------------------------------Excvaion,-mbnkmnt,-ceain,-fncs,-tc------------------------------------------------_________________________________2,956,451.61 Excavations, embankments, clearing, fences, etc ......... __ .___ _._._.. .__ _ __..____ ___ _..............__ _.__._ _ _._.. __ _______ . 2,956,451.61 0 Rock River pool--dredging, removing snags and stumps, etc_ __----_____---____- -__----- ___________----__------_ --------------------- 152,439.58 Contribution to Mud Creek special drainage district-dredging ------------------...............................................------------------------------------------------------------... 8,450.75 Contributions to State of Illinois--relocation and reconstruction of highway bridge at Wyanet, Ill_ ---------------------------------------------------- 25,235.00 o Miscellaneous ------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 223,622.78 Total additional features------------------ ............ 622271------------------------------------ Total costofproject ----- ------ ------ --------------- --- -------------------------........ 7,605, 7,605,143.41...................--------------- 143.41 1 Feeder section. Note. There are no dams except at the guard lock and lock 30. At the former lo- 2 Variable. cality there is a fixed dam across the Rock River, with a movable crest constructed 3 Rock River lock is on Rock River at Rock Falls, Ill. It is located in the south end of wood, concrete, and steel; at lock 30 there are crib dams across the north and south of the Sterling Dam and about 600 feet below the guard lock of the Illinois and Missis- channels of Rock River. The north dam has a 60-foot opening and has been super- sippi Canal (feeder section). seded by a concrete power dam a short distance below: the south dam adjoining lock 30 has been reinforced with concrete laid in the water. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 1223 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. The canal structures were not operated or maintained for purposes of navigation dur- ing the fiscal year. Minimal maintenance pending disposal of the canal was performed by hired labor. A detailed study of the prob- lems involved in effecting disposal of the lands and facilities was in progress. Federal, State, and local governmental agencies and private interests were contacted to obtain their views relative to the use of the lands and facilities for park or other beneficial purposes, and assumption of the responsibility for future opera- tion and maintenance. The costs during the fiscal year were $80,763 for operation and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1918. Locks, dams, aqueducts, buildings, and other ap- purtenances are in fair-to-poor condition. Tabulation under para- graph "Existing project" gives data regarding the principal fea- tures of construction. Since June 30, 1951, canal structures have not been operated or maintained for purposes of navigation, in ac- cordance with the policy of the Corps of Engineers to suspend lock operation and maintenance of waterways affording little or no benefit to general commerce and navigation, and to eliminate nonessential maintenance expenditures. The total costs to June 30, 1956, from regular funds were $10,801,443, of which $7,580,143 was for new work and $3,221,300 was for operation and care. The costs from emergency relief funds for removal of snags and stumps in Rock River Pool were $25,000, all new work. In addition, the sum of $4,143,282 was expended between April 1895 and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary REMOVAL OF SNAGS AND TREES FROM ROCK RIVER, ILLINOIS (013028 ERA) Fiscal'year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New Work: Appropriated ----------------------------------- ........ .----- ------ ------------ 1 $7,605,143 Cost _ ----------------------------------------- - ------------------ 17, 605,143 Maintenance: Appropriated-__--_ _-- $130,000 $84,900 $80,000 $92,000 $94,000 27,382,582 Cost---------------- 125,898 81,325 87,545 88,398 80,763 27,364, 582 1 Includes $25,000 emergency relief funds. 2 Includes $4,143,282 for operating and care under the "Permanent Indefinite Appropriation." 3. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Date Cost during reconnaissance Name of project fiscal year or condition survey conducted 1. Mill Creek and South Slough at Milan, Ill--...----. .-- _-__ - $500 December, 1955. 1224 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------------------------------------------------- $500 $500 Cost---------------- ---------------------------------------- 500 500 4. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Galena River, Ill., remove obstructions from (under sec. 3, 1930, River and Harbor Act)-... 1951 -_-_---_-____-- $1,000.00 (1) Iowa River, Iowa, dredging in (under sec. 3, 1945, River and Harbor Act)_-----_______ _-- 1951 -------------- 5,000.00 (1) Mill Creek and South Slough at Milan, Ill...... 1955 $63,634 75,200.00 (1) Quincy, Ill., removal of 2 sunken vessels at (under sec. 19, 1899, River and Harbor Act).__ 1951 -____-_- ___- 43,975.68 (1) Rock River, Ill., remove obstructions from (under sec. 3, 1930, River and Harbor Act) _. 1951 _____ 4,500.00 (1) 1 Completed. 5. THE SNY BASIN, ILL. Location. This project is located in the basin of the Sny, a former bychannel of the Mississippi River, in Pike, Adams, and Calhoun Counties, Ill., approximately miles 260.9 to 315.4 above the mouth of the Ohio River. The major tributaries of the Sny are McCraney, Hadley, Kiser, Six Mile, and Bay Creeks. Several minor tributaries include Fall, Pigeon, Horton, and Dutch Creeks. (The entire Sny Basin is shown on topographic maps of the U. S. Geological Survey, scale 1: 62,500, dated 1921-28.) Existing project. The plan of improvement now being con- sidered for the prevention of interior flooding within the Sny bot- tom lands consists of construction of 2 retarding and desilting reservoirs for Pigeon Creek and for Horton-Dutch Creeks; con- struction of 3 diversion channels for McCraney-Hadley Creeks, Kiser Creek, and Six Mile-Bay Creeks to conduct the runoff from the uplands drainage area directly to the Mississippi River; im- provement of certain reaches of the Sny channel to collect bottom- land runoff; construction of 3 pumping stations; construction of a closing levee to exclude backwater up the Sny; construction of aqueducts or culverts to pass drainage which would otherwise be blocked; and the construction of remedial works necessitated by the improvements. The estimated Federal cost for construction of the project, re- vised in 1956, is $19,800,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, substantially in accord- ance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 713, 79th Congress, 2d session. The latest published map is in the project document. Approval pending FLOOD CONTROL--ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 1225 Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, applies. In addition, local interests will be required to furnish necessary authority to abandon obstructive bridges, and make all necessary alterations and relocations of highway bridges, roads, subsurface drains, and public utilities affected by the improvement. Local interests were informed of the local cooperation require- ments on September 8, 1947. Assurances, executed by the com- missioners of the Sny Island Levee Drainage District on February 9, 1948, were forwarded to the Chief of Engineers on July 25, 1952, and acceptance thereof was authorized on August 8, 1952. The assurances were formally accepted by the district engineer on September 6, 1952. In order that the Sny Island Levee Drainage District may raise the necessary funds to meet the local cooperation requirements, it will be necessary to secure court approval of the project. The drainage district must file a petition, accompanied by detailed con- struction plans and rights-of-way maps, in the county court. These plans and maps were furnished the drainage district by the district engineer on October 27, 1954. The commissioners of the drain- age district, by formal action taken on May 12, 1955, authorized and directed the attorney and the engineer for said drainage dis- trict to prepare and file in the county court, a petition setting forth the proposed plan of improvement, accompanied by rights-of-way maps, and to pursue said legal proceedings with a view to securing court approval of the project. As a preliminary step to obtaining court approval of the project, a reorganization of the district has been accomplished through court approval of a petition whereby certain independent subdistricts were merged with the Sny Island Levee Drainage District and additional protected areas were an- nexed to the district. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Further preliminary planning for the project was, for the most part, held in abeyance during the fiscal year pending further progress on fulfillment of the requirements of local cooperation by the Sny Island Levee Drainage District. A minor amount of work in connection with consultations and the furnishing of project information to local interests was performed by hired labor. The costs during the fiscal year were $2,545 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction has not been started. Preliminary planning for the project is largely com- pleted. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $540,689 for new work. 1226 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$16,000 $70,000 $30,000 $33,000 .. ... - $541,700 Cost_ -- 16,307 34,617 62,657 32,170 $2,545 540,689 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $1,011 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________ _______________ 1,011 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____ ----------- __-- ___ 19, 258, 300 6. BEAR CREEK AT HANNIBAL, MO. Location. Bear Creek rises in Marion County, Mo., and flows easterly to its junction with the Mississippi River at a point 308.8 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River. The creek has a basin about 11 miles long and averaging 4.6 miles in width. The lower 3 miles of the stream are within the southeastern part of the city of Hannibal. Much of Hannibal's manufacturing and business districts and more than 500 homes are located in the Mississippi River and Bear Creek floodplains. The area is shown on topo- graphic maps of the U. S. Geological Survey, 1945, scale 1: 62,500. Existing project. The plan of improvement authorized by this project consists of construction of a dam and reservoir on Bear Creek, about 5.4 miles above its mouth, together with remedial and appurtenant works, for the reduction of flood damages in the city of Hannibal. The proposed reservoir would have an initial storage capacity of 7,500 acre-feet which is equivalent to 5.1 inches of water depth over the drainage area of 27.6 square miles above the dam. Bear Creek floods with an average expectancy of once in 100 years would be contained in the reservoir; however, the reser- voir would provide no relief from Mississippi River floods alone. The estimated Federal cost for construction of the project, revised in 1956, is $3,570,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, substantially in accord- ance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 435, 83d Congress. The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, applies. In addition, local interests will be required to pay for all necessary relocations except the relocation of rail- roads within and immediately downstream from the reservoir, and to prevent the construction of buildings, artificial fills, or any other obstructions within the city limits which, in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers, would reduce the flood capacity of the Bear Creek Channel. The requirements of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests were informally advised of said requirements at a hearing on the subject at Han- FLOOD CONTROL-ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 1227 nibal on April 3, 1956. Local interests have not yet been requested to furnish assurances that the conditions of local cooperation will be met. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary plan- ning, including field surveys, design, and estimates, by hired labor, was initiated during the fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $46,283 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction has not been started. Preliminary planning of the project, by hired labor, is about 23 percent completed. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $46,283 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_ ----------------------------------------------- $50,000 $50,000 Cost------- ------------ ----------------------------------- 46,283 46,283 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $3, 217 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 60, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---------------------------------- 63, 217 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____________________ 3, 460, 000 7. FABIUS RIVER DRAINAGE DISTRICT, MO. Location. The Fabius River Drainage District is located along the right bank of the Mississippi River, opposite the city of Quincy, Ill., 323.5 to 332.4 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River, in Lewis and Marion Counties, Mo. The District has an area of 14,264 acres. The area is shown on topographic maps of the U. S. Geological Survey, 1890-1943, scale 1: 62,500. Previous projects. A previous project for improvement of the levee system of the district was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. For further details, see page 1160 of Annual Report for 1941. Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of modi- fication of existing agricultural levees to provide increased pro- tection to the district from Mississippi River floods. The estimated Federal cost for construction of the project, re- vised in 1956, is $2,360,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 281, 83d Congress. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, applies. Local interests have not yet been notified of the local cooperation conditions nor requested to furnish assur- ances that said conditions will be met. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done. 1228 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $75, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__________________________________ 75, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________________________ 2, 285, 000 8. MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT CANTON, MO. Location. The work covered by this project is on the Missis- sippi River at the city of Canton, in Lewis County, Mo., 342.3 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River. Existing project. The project provides for local flood protection at the city of Canton by means of diversion around the city, of Canton Creek and the runoff from the hills south of the creek, construction of levees and floodwalls with the necessary closure structures, and construction of two pumping plants with necessary intercepting ditches for removal of interior drainage. The esti- mated Federal cost for construction of the project, revised in 1956, is $1,370,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, substantiallly in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 107, 81st Congress, 1st session. The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, applies. In addition, local interests will be required to provide at their own expense all changes in highways and utili- ties including bridges and incidental remedial measures. The re- quirements of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests were informally advised of said require- ments at a hearing on the subject at Canton on April 3, 1956. Assurance forms were prepared and transmitted to the city of Canton for execution on April 11, 1956. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary plan- ning, including field surveys, design, and estimates, by hired labor, was initiated during the fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $36,584 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction has not been started. Preliminary planning of the project, by hired labor, is about 35 percent completed. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $36,584 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 1229 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----------------------- ------------ ------------ $50,000 ........... $50,000 Cost---------------- ---- --------------------------------- 36,584 36,584 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $13,116 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 275, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _________________-___------- 288,116 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ _ _ _ 1, 045, 000 9. HUNT DRAINAGE DISTRICT AND LIMA LAKE DRAINAGE DISTRICT, ILL. Location. The Hunt Drainage District and the Lima Lake Drainage District lie on the left bank of the Mississippi River, upstream from the city of Quincy, from mile 341.7 to mile 358.6 above the mouth of the Ohio River, in Hancock and Adams Coun- ties, Ill. The two districts are contiguous and have interrelated drainage and flood-protection systems. The area of the two dis- tricts is 28,496 acres. The area is shown on topographic maps of the U. S. Geological Survey, 1890-1943, scale 1: 62,500. Existing propect. The plan of improvement consists of modi- fication of the existing agricultural levee system in these districts to provide increased protection from Mississippi River floods. The estimated Federal cost for construction of the project, re- vised in 1956, is $3,650,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 281, 83d Congress. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, applies. Local interests have not yet been notified of the local cooperation conditions nor requested to furnish as- surances that said conditions will be met. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $75, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________________________________ 75, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__________________________ 3,575, 000 10. RED ROCK RESERVOIR, UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, IOWA Location. The Red Rock Reservoir, on the Des Moines River, will be chiefly in Marion County, Iowa, but will extend into Jasper, Warren, and Polk Counties. The dam (Howell site) will be 1230 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 located approximately 142.9 miles above the mouth of the water- way which empties into the Mississippi River about 361.4 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River. The Iowa capital city of Des Moines lies northwesterly from the site on the banks of the river approximately 60 miles upstream. The entire watershed is shown on aeronautical maps of the United States Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey, scale 1: 500,000, dated 1937-38, Des Moines and Dubuque sections. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a dam consisting of a rolled-earthfill embankment and a gravity-type concrete spillway with crest gates, located near the center of the valley, each end of which will be tied into the embankment by a gravity-type, nonoverflow, concrete section. The dam, at crest elevation of 798 feet above mean sea level, will be approximately 6,260 feet long and of maximum height of 95 feet above the valley floor. The proposed gated spillway is to be of concrete founded on bedrock with crest at elevation 744. The full flood control level (top of crest gates) will be at elevation 780. The spillway crest gates, eight in number, will be 37 feet high and 40 feet wide. The outlet works, consisting of eighteen 5-foot by 8-foot gated conduits will extend through the spillway section and will discharge into the spillway stilling basin. The non- overflow concrete sections of the dam at each end of the spillway will be of the gravity type, firmly keyed into the foundation rock, and the right-bank section will contain one 16-foot round penstock. Initially, the penstock will be plugged at either end and no power installation is to be provided. The drainage area above the dam site is 12,250 square miles. With pool at full flood control elevation, the reservoir area will be about 68,000 acres; the reser- voir will contain approximately 1,850,000 acre-feet of water at that height; 1,800,000 acre-feet of the reservoir will be allotted to flood control purposes; the remaining 50,000 acre-feet will be used for a conservation pool which will furnish a minimum down- stream flow of 300 cubic feet per second. The impoundment of flood waters by the reservoir will result in materially reduced flood heights on the Des Moines River below the dam, and will also pro- vide substantial supplementary benefits by reducing Mississippi River floods. The latest estimate of cost of the project, revised in 1956, is $80,200,000. The Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated certain moneys for prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, for the Upper Mississippi River Basin, including the project for the Red Rock Dam on the Des Moines River substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 651, 78th Congress, 2d session. The Red Rock project was made eligible for selection as a unit of the general comprehen- sive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Upper Mis- sissippi River Basin under the aforementioned Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938. The latest published map is in House Document 651, 78th Congress,2d session. FLOOD' CONTROL--ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 1231 Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction has not been started. Preliminary planning is about 60 percent completed. The total costs and expenditures to June 30, 1956, were $1,295,300 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956, includ- ing fiscal years 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 priorto 1952 New work: Appropriated -$41,200 ......------------ -------------------------------- $1,295,300 Cost.---------------- 22,523 ------------ 1,295,300 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -- $100, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957______________ _----------------- 100, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _____________---------- 78, 004, 700 11. CORALVILLE RESERVOIR, UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, IOWA Location. This project is on the Iowa River, several miles up- stream from Iowa City, in Johnson County, Iowa, approximately 83 miles above the mouth of the Iowa River, which empties into the Mississippi River about 433 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam rising approximately 100 feet above the streambed, a 500-foot uncontrolled spillway, outlet works to control the flow of the river to bankfull stage below the dam, and a reservoir providing for a controlled storage of 492,000 acre-feet, including a 17,000 acre-foot conservation pool. The Coralville Reservoir will be used to store Iowa River flows tem- porarily during flood periods. The project will minimize flood damages on the Iowa River from the dam to the mouth of the Cedar River, and will provide a large degree of protection for lands along the Iowa River below the mouth of the Cedar River. The project will effect significant reductions of Mississippi River flows at Keokuk, Iowa, and reduction of flows at Cairo, Ill. Incidental benefits to conservation and recreation will accrue from the proj- ect. Power development is not contemplated. The project was selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers as a unit in the general comprehensive plan for flood control in the Upper Mis- sissippi River Basin authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost, revised in 1956, is $15,160,000. Local cooperation. None required. 1232 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operationsand results during fiscal year. Construction of stage III of the dam, by contract, was initiated in November 1955. The principal features under stage III are the spillway, the re- maining earth-embankment section of the dam, channel construc- tion for diversion of the Iowa River, protection stone, grading, electrical work, metal painting, seeding and sodding, and miscel- laneous items. During the year the contractor was engaged prin- cipally in construction of the approach and discharge channels to the outlet structure. The operations consisted of common excava- tion, rock excavation, shaping of the channel banks, and quarrying and placement of protection stone. The Iowa River was diverted through the outlet works in June 1956. During the fiscal year, work was also performed on a number of relocation and remedial features necessitated by the project, as follows: relocation of U. S. No. 218 and the Cedar Rapids & Iowa City Railway, by contract; construction of a temporary by- pass and track connection for the Cedar Rapids & Iowa City Rail- way, by the owning agent; relocation of Johnson County Routes E and 0, Route Y at Jordan Creek, Routes R and I, and Route E at Swisher Creek, all by contract; relocations of branch line tracks of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad and of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad, both by the owning agents; and relocation of natural gas pipeline of the Iowa-Illinois Gas and Electric Company, by the owning agent. Construction of the west entrance road to the dam site was completed, by con- tract. Several incidental items were accomplished such as con- struction of temporary powerline, and measures for emergency dust control at the temporary bypass for U. S. No. 218, both jobs by contract. Land acquisition, including mapping and surveying, appraisals, purchases, and condemnations, by hired labor, was con- tinued. Preliminary planning, by hired labor, was continued. The total costs during the fiscal year were $2,360,242 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in July 1949. The project is 58 percent completed. Stage I (consisting of site clearing, construction of a portion of the earth-embankment section of the dam, placing of protection stone, installation of piezometer and settlement gages, and con- struction of field office building) was completed in 1949. Stage IT (consisting of construction of outlet works) was completed in 1.953. Stage III (consisting of construction of spillway, diver- sion of the river, remaining earth embankment for the dam, and appurtenant works) was initiated in November 1955 and is in progress. Relocation and construction of remedial works for highways, railroads, county roads, and utilities in the reservoir area were initiated in 1955, and a number of such features have been completed or are in progress. Work in connection with in- cidental items, such as entrance roads, utility lines, stockpiling of materials, etc., has also been performed. Preliminary planning is 95 percent completed. Work in connection with lands and damages is 85 percent completed. Of a total of 33,760 acres which will be involved in land acquisition, to date 23,554 acres have been acquired in fee, flowage easements have been obtained FLOOD CONTROL-ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 1233 for 2,815 acres, and 120 acres have been transferred from other Government agencies. All completed features of the project are in good condition. The principal uncompleted features of the project are those remaining for stage III and for relocation and remedial works. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $9,305,912 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 . . . . .Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-----... -.....- .......... ,---- ....----- __ - .. $1,750,000 $4,500,000 $12,260,148 Cost-___ ---- ----. $1,098,537 $810,244 $98,979 1,453,384 2,360,242 9,305,912 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 . -- $875, 885 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ----------------------- _ -2, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 - 2,857,885 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - -------- 1,399, 852 12. MUSCATINE ISLAND LEVEE DISTRICT AND MUSCATINE- LOUISA COUNTY DRAINAGE DISTRICT NO. 13, IOWA Location. The Muscatine Island Levee District and the Musca- tine-Louisa County Drainage District No. 13 are located along the right bank of the Mississippi River, immediately downstream from the city of Muscatine, mile 434.8 to mile 454.8 above the mouth of the Ohio River, in Muscatine and Louisa Counties, Iowa. The two districts, together with the upper one-half mile of Louisa County Levee District No. 15, form a joint drainage and flood-pro- tection system. In addition, the main river levee of the Muscatine Island Levee District protects the downstream portion of the city of Muscatine from Mississippi River floods. The area is shown on topographic maps of the U. S. Geological Survey, 1890-1943, scale 1: 62,500. Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of modifi- cation of existing levees in the two districts to provide increased protection to the area from Mississippi River floods. The estimated Federal cost for construction of the project, revised in 1956, is $2,620,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, substantially inaccordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 281, 83d Congress. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, applies. Local interests have not yet been notified of the local cooperation conditions nor requested to furnish as- surances that said conditions will be met. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done. 1234 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $75, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__________________________ 75, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______________ 2, 545, 000 13. MUSCATINE, IOWA (MAD CREEK) Location. The city of Muscatine lies on the right bank of the Mississippi River, 455.4 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River, in Muscatine County, Iowa. Mad Creek is a small stream which flows through the city and enters the Mississippi River at mile 455.8. The area is shown on topographic maps of the U. S. Geo- logical Survey, 1890-1943, scale 1: 62,500. Existing project. An industrial section of Muscatine located to the west of Mad Creek is subject to flood damage, chiefly from backwater of Mississippi River floods. This area is in the lowland of the Mad Creek Valley. The plan of improvement authorized in this project consists of the construction of a system of floodwalls and levees beginning at Mulberry Street and extending for about 1,600 feet along the frontage on the Mississippi River, and thence up the right bank of Mad Creek for about 2,700 feet to high ground north of East 6th Street. Appurtenant works will include an in- tercepting sewer and a pumping plant. The project was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, sub- stantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 281, 83d Congress. The estimated Federal cost, revised in 1956, is $980,000.1 Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, applies. In addition, local interests will be required to provide at their own expense all changes in highways and utili- ties including bridges and incidental remedial measures. On April 19,1956, the city of Muscatine furnished assurances that it would fulfill the requirements of local cooperation as stipulated by the project authorization. The assurances were accepted by the District Engineer on May 8, 1956. Local interests will be re- quested to acquire the necessary rights-of-way for the project in the near future. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary plan- ning, including field surveys, design, and estimates, by hired labor, was initiated during the fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $51,922 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction has not been started. Preliminary planning of the project is about 74 percent completed. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $51,922 for new work. 1 Approval pending FLOOD CONTROL-ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 1235 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------------- --------------------------------- $60,000 $60,000 Cost------------------------------------------------------- -------- 51,922 51,922 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_______- $8, 078 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------------------------- 308, 078 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________________________ 620,000 14. CAMPBELLS ISLAND, MISSISSIPPI RIVER, ILL. Location. Campbells Island is located in the Mississippi River opposite the upstream portion of the city of East Moline, in Rock Island County, Ill., the head of the island being 491.2 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River. The island, which has an area of about 228 acres, is roughly oval in shape, the length being about 1.3 miles and the width about 0.4 mile. An unincorporated com- munity, mainly of small homes and summer cottages, is located on the island. Access is provided by a concrete bridge from East Moline. The area is shown on topographic maps of the U. S. Geo- logical Survey, 1890-1943, scale 1: 62,500. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of a local protection project for the island to protect against Mississippi River floods. Construction work will consist of a levee around nearly the entire perimeter of the island, with riprapping of the slopes where necessary to prevent wave-wash, and a pumping plant. Material for the levee fill will be obtained from a 20-acre borrow area in a low part of the island, and the borrow pit will be used subsequently as a ponding area for interior drainage. The estimated Federal cost for construction of the project, re- vised in 1956, is $522,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 281, 83d Congress. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, applies. Local interests have not yet been notified of the local cooperation conditions nor requested to furnish as- surances that said conditions will be met. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done. 1236 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $40, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------ _______________ 40,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ________ __-__--------- 482, 000 15. SABULA, MISSISSIPPI RIVER, IOWA Location. The town of Sabula is located along the right bank of the Mississippi River in Jackson County, Iowa, 535.3 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River. The town is on a sandy ridge which is separated from the Iowa shore by a low swale or high water channel of the Mississippi River. The area is shown on topographic maps of the U. S. Geological Survey, 1890-1943, scale 1: 62,500. Previous project. A project for protecting the existing levees at Sabula against erosion and wave-wash was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944; however, no con- struction was ever performed under this authorization. For further details, see page 1430 of Annual Report for 1947. Existing project. The existing project authorizes a higher degree of flood protection to the town than was contained in the previously authorized project referred to in the preceding para- graph. The present plan of improvement consists of raising and strengthening the north levee; construction of about 700 feet of new levee from high ground near the foot of Quarry Street to the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad fill just south.of Vulcan Street; protection of the Broad Street underpass under the railroad by construction of approximately 200 feet of new levee south of the railroad fill; placing of new fill along the south and east sides of the railroad at the junction to the north-south line along the toe of the Iowa bluff, and appurtenant drainage works. The project would protect the town against floods of a probable frequency of occurrence of once in a hundred years. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 281, 83d Congress. The estimated Federal cost, revised in 1956, is $314,000. The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, applies. On April 23, 1956, the town of Sabula furnished assurances that it would fulfill the requirements of local cooperation as stipulated by the project authorization. The as- surances were accepted by the District Engineer on May 8, 1956. Local interests will be requested to acquire the necessary rights- of-way for the project in the near future. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary plan- ning, including field surveys, design, and estimates, by hired labor, was initiated during the fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $26,698 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL---ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 1237 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction has not been started. Preliminary planning of the project is about 89 percent completed. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were $26,698 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $30,000 $30,000 Cost---------- --------------------------------------------- 26,698 26,698 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -.-- $3, 302 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 284, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------------------------- 287,302 16. UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, ROCK ISLAND DISTRICT Location. The Mississippi River Basin above the Ohio River, exclusive of the Mississippi River Basin, in the Rock Island Dis- trict. Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Upper Mississippi River Basin described in Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and authorized $6,600,000 for reservoirs and $2,700,000 for local flood-protection works on the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers; the reservoirs and local protection projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The act approved June 28, 1938, specifically provides that the authorization shall include the enlargement and extension of a system of levees located on the south side of the Sangamon River east of Chandlerville, Ill., as set forth in House Document 604, 75th Congress, 3d session. The Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated the addi- tional sum of $10,000,000 for prosecution of the comprehensive plan, including the Red Rock Reservoir on the Des Moines River. The Flood Control Act of July 24, 1946, authorized to be appropri- ated the additional sum of $10,000,000, and the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, authorized to be appropriated the additional sum of $15,000,000, for prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The following individual projects located in the Rock Island Dis- trict were considered in the comprehensive plan: 1238 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 RESERVOIRS Total Name Tributary basin State estimated Federal cost Central City_________________ Wapsipinicon ------------ Iowa-...........-.....---- 1 $9,490,000 Coralville 2_____________ Iowa....... ---------------------- do..........------------.......------- 315,160,000 Rochester___ _ Cedar .-------------------- do ....------------------- 13,300,000 Red Rock 2 -- - Des Moines ...-... -----.. do ....------------- 80,200,000 LEVEES Union Township 4 drainage ... .. Missouri -------------------- $109,621 district. 21 Estimate revised in 1954. Project deferred for restudy. See individual report for details of project. 3 Estimate revised in 1956. 4 Completed. For last full report, see Annual Report for 1947, p. 1420. Operations and results during fiscal year. None, except for work on the Coralville Reservoir project and the Red Rock Reser- voir project as shown in individual reports. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The progress of work on reser- voir projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual reports. No work has been performed in con- nection with general studies for the development of the compre- hensive basin plan. 17. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and Mainte- complete for- nance Carroll County Levee and Drainage District No. 1, Illinois-___------------------------- 1938 2 $13,200 Central City Reservoir, Upper Mississippi River Basin, Iowa . .------------------.. 3 9,490,000 Des Moines and Mississippi Levee District No. - - - -------- 1, Missouri---------------------------------- ---- 1905,000 Des Moines River at Des Moines, Iowa..------.. 1950 $1,519 1758,481 Drury Drainage District, Illinois .... ---------------- 1 1,360,000 Elkport, Turkey River, Iowa---.... ------------ 1951 34,200 (4) Emergency flood-control work under authority of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. 18, 1941, as amended..----...-- ---------------- --- 1952 $234,260 (5) Fabius River Drainage District, Missouri ...... 1941 60,500 (4) Freeport on Pecatonica River, Ill.---------------........ 1952 48,075 ------------- 3 1,041,925 Galena, Galena River, Ill___--------------------- 1952 844,100 ----.- ------ (4) Green Bay Levee and Drainage District No. 2, Iowa-...........---..............------------------------------- 1949 299,000 (4) Green Bay Levee and Drainage District No. 2, Iowa .------- _---------------- ------------ 1 834,000 Green Island Levee and Drainage District No. 1, Iowa_---- ---- - - ------- 1938 -------------- -------------- 2 68,000 Gregory Drainage District, Missouri--- ...-.... - 1940 77,100 (4) Henderson County Drainage District No. 1, Illinois- -- -- - - - - -- ---- ----------- 11,060,000 Henderson County Drainage District No. 2, Illinois ........--------------------------- ----------- ------ - -- ------- -- 1 770,000 Henderson County Drainage District No. 3, Illinois . .--------------------------------- 1949 42,700 - - - (4) Henderson River, Ill.: Henderson River diversion and Cedar Creek __ improvement units --------------------- 1952 20,500 ___- _ __ 1 2,359,500 Henderson River levee unit.............----------------. 1952 7,500 - - - - - 6 252,500 Indian Grave Drainage District, Illinois................. ---- - .- -. .------ - --- . ..-- 1 4,860,000 Iowa River-Flint Creek Levee District No. 16, Iowa.............-----------...................................... 1 7,120,000 FLOOD CONTROL--ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 1239 Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and Mainte- complete for- nance Janesville and Indian Ford Dams, Wis ...---------- 1938 6 103,000 Keithsburg Drainage District, Illinois .-...-... 1938- ___________-_______ -2 11,000 Marion County Drainage District, Missouri.. --------------------------------------- 850,000 Penny Slough, Rock River, Ill--------- 1940 85,800 -.........-- (4) Rochester Reservoir, Upper Mississippi River Basin, Iowa ----------------------------- -------------- 3-------------- 13,300,000 Rock River, Ill. and Wis., at South Beloit, Ill___ 1952 _---------------------------- 120,000 Snagging and clearing of navigable steams and tributaries in the interest of flood control (sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act)- ......... 1955 123,068------------ (5) Sny Island Levee Drainage District, Illinois.... 1942 61,400 ..-..-------- _ (4) Sny Island Levee Drainage District, Illinois . ---------- -------------- 1-------------- 7,760,000 South Quincy Drainage and Levee District, Il1_ 1940 61,200--------- (4) South Quincy Drainage and Levee District, Ill ------------ ..... . -------------- .. 1 986,000 South River Drainage District, Missouri ...... 1941 _______ 55,300___--____--- (4) South River Drainage District, Missouri--- .. .......... --. --..- . - - -- 1 1,350,000 Subdistrict No. 1 of drainage union No. 1 and Bay Island Drainage and Levee District No. 1,Illinois.........------------------------------------------------------------ 1 3,760,000 Union Township Drainage District Levee, Upper Mississippi River Basin, Missouri ..... 1947 109,621 .----------- (4) 1 Awaiting the appropriation of funds. 2 Inactive; lowlands of district acquired by United States in 1937. Cost estimate last revised in 1931. 3 To be rrestudied. Cost estimate last revised in 1954. 4 Project has been completed and transferred to local interests for maintenance and operation. 5 All work presently contemplated under this authorization has been completed. 6 Inactive. Cost esimate last revised in 1954. 18. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Federal flood-control regulations (part 208 of title 33, Code of Federal Regulations) provide that the structures and facilities constructed by the United States for local flood protection shall be continuously maintained in such a manner and operated at such times and for such periods as may be necessary to obtain the maximum benefits. Completed flood-control works in the Rock Island District which have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance were periodically inspected during the fiscal year to assure that these results were being obtained. The costs during the fiscal year were $2,959 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated _----- ----.-- $3,000 $4,500 $2,500 $3,000 $16,250 Cost_ ---- _---------- ...... 1,019 4,978 4,044 2,959 16,250 19. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Operations during the fiscal year consisted of final inspection of emergency bank-protection work, construction of which was accomplished in April 1955, to protect the municipal water-supply facilities of the city of Boone, Iowa, which are located on an island in the Des Moines River about 3 miles northwest of the city. The costs during the fiscal year were $91 for new work. 1240 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total costs under this authority to June 30, 1956, were $13,900 for new work. Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress, (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year, final inspections and preparation of an operation and maintenance manual were accomplished for a small flood-control project at Worthington, Minn., construction of which was completed in June 1955. The project consisted of levees, chan- nels, drainage structures, and appurtenances for the prevention of floods on Okabena Creek. The costs during the fiscal year were $4,923. Also, a project report was prepared for a small flood-control project on the South Branch of the Kishwaukee River at De Kalb, Ill. The project would consist of enlarging and straightening sections of the present channel, constructing short reaches of new relocated channel, and constructing low earthen embankments along certain reaches subject to overflow. The costs during the fiscal year were $6,420. The total costs during the fiscal year were $11,343 for new work. The total costs under this authority to June 30, 1956, were $79,666 for new work. Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue work. (PL 99, 84th Cong., 1st sess., and antecedent legislation.) Pursuant to these acts, the amount of $3,265,876 has been allot- ted to the Rock Island District for emergency flood-control work. During the fiscal year, 3 emergency levee-repair jobs were under way. The costs during the fiscal year were - $2,936 for mainte- nance, which includes a reimbursement from municipalities in the sum of $15,010 for flood-fighting supplies furnished by the Federal Government in prior fiscal years. The total costs under this authority to June 30, 1956, were $3,253,242 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary EMERGENCY BANK PROTECTION Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------........ -----........ ------------ 1 $13,900 ------------ ........---- $13,900 Cost---------- ------------------------------------ 13,809 $91 13,900 1 Initial Report. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DIST 1241 SMALL FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS NOT SPECIFICALLY AUTHORIZED BY CONGRESS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -.................... $3,500 $5,000 $70,100 $1,832 $80,432 Cost_ - - 148 8,352 59,824 11,343 79,666 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $766 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 103, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957____________ _________ __________ 103,766 EMERGENCY FLOOD-CONTROL ACTIVITIES Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated..-..... $407,200 $810,400 $2,800 $91,000 $6,989 $3,265,875 Cost_ ---- - 898,588 494,151 65,515 88,292 -2,936 3,253,242 20. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost for navigation studies during the fiscal year was $74. The unexpended balance at the end of the fiscal year, $46, plus and additional $4,800, or a total of $4,846, can be profitably ex- pended during fiscal year 1957 for the studies for the Mississippi Comprehensive Harbor Report. Flood-control studies were continued at a cost for the fiscal year of $46,373. The unexpended balance at the end of the fiscal year, $4, plus an additional $40,000 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for continuation of the survey reports on Iowa and Cedar Rivers, Iowa and Minnesota, and Mississippi River Urban Areas. 21. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Activities under this heading consisted of storm studies, sedi- mentation studies, and investigation on paint tests and on cor- rosion mitigation by cathodic protection. The costs and expenditures for collection and study of basic data during the fiscal year were $41,065. MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. The section of the river covered in this report is divided into three reaches, under the supervision and direction of district en- gineers at St. Louis, Mo., Rock Island, Ill., and St. Paul, Minn. The section in the St. Louis District extends from the mouth of the Missouri River to mile 300 above the Ohio River, a distance of about 105 miles; the Rock Island District extends from mile 300 to mile 614, a distance of about 314 miles; and the St. Paul District extends from mile 614 to the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway bridge, Minneapolis, a distance of about 244 miles. Location. The Mississippi River rises in the northern part of Minnesota, flows about 2,350 miles in a southerly direction, and empties into the Gulf of Mexico. The portion included in this report extends from the mouth of the Missouri River to the Min- neapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway bridge, Minneapolis, a distance of about 663 miles. The latest map and profile showing this section of the river is published in House Document 669, 76th Congress, 3d session. A map showing Lake Pepin is published in House Document 511, 79th Congress, 2d session. A map of the section Minneapolis to Dubuque is published in House Document 515, 79th Congress, 2d session. A map showing location of drainage districts (Bellevue, Iowa, to Missouri River) is published in Rivers and Harbors Com- mitte Document 34, 75th Congress, 1st session. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872; June 18, 1878; August 18, 1894; February 9, 1905; March 3, 1905; March 2, 1907; June 25, 1910; September 22, 1922; March 3, 1925; January 21, 1927; and July 3, 1930. For further details, see pages 1879, 1880, and 1887 of the An- nual Report for 1915; pages 1106, 1107, and 1108 of the Annual Report for 1932; and page 1047 of the Annual Report for 1938. 1243 Depth on Location Lock dimensions miter sill Character of foundation Percent Upper com- Estimated Great- nor- pleted Year cost of est mal locks, opened each lock Miles Width length pool dams, to and dam, 0 above Distance from of avail- Lift eleva- Upper Lower and navi- including O Ohio nearest town cham- able (feet) tion 1 (feet) (feet) Lock Dam work gation work in River ber for full in pool pool (feet) width O (feet) j 1........ St. Anthony Falls, 853.9 In city of Minneap- 56 400 49.2 799.2 15.7 13.7 Some limestone, Limestone-....... (2) . _ 3$18,576,900 upper lock. olis,Minn. mainly sand- stone. No piles. St. Anthony Falls, 853.3 ..... do............. 56 400 526.9 750.0 13.7 s10.3 Sandstone. No Sandstone -------- 82 --- 4 12,368,100 C) lower lock and piles. dam. Lock and dam 1___ 847.6 Minneapolis-St. 56 400 535.9 725.1 5 13.5 10.1 Rock and piles in Piles and gravel___ 1917 62,350,000 . Paul. 56 400 35.9 712.5 7.6 gravel. 100 (1.3 miles above 110 500 12.2 100 Lock and dam 2--- 815.2 l Hastings, Minn. 110 8 600 12.2 687.2 16.0 22.2 15.1 Piles in sand, silt, 13.0 clay. Piles in sand, silt, and clay. 99 1930 1948 } 96,512,400 O Lock and dam 3-- 796.9 6.1 miles above Red 110 600 8.0 675.0 17.0 do......_____ 14.0 ..... Piles in sand...- 91 1938 6,224,300 Wing, Minn. Lock and dam 4.__ 752.8 Alma, Wis...-... 110 600 7.0 667.0 17.0 13.0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 91 1935 5,324,400 gravel. gravel. Lock and dam 5___ 738.1 Minneiska, Minn_-- 110 600 9.0 660.0 18.0 12.0 ....do..........-- Piles in sand .-... 92 1935 5,601,500 Lock and dam 5A_ 728.5 3 miles above Wi- 110 600 5.5 651.0 18.0 12.5 Piles in sand-...... -.... do.------------ 78 1936 6,004,800 nona, Minn. Lock and dam 6.-- 714.3 Trempealeau, Wis_ 110 600 6.5 645.5 17.0 12.5 Piles in sand, Piles in sand and 100 1936 4,893,900 gravel, and silt. clay. Lock and dam 7-- 702.5 Dresbach, Minn.... 110 600 8.0 639.0 18.0 12.0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand....--____ 92 1937 6,130,100 d gravel. Lock and dam 8-- 679.2 Genoa, Wis-......... 110 600 11.0 631.0 22.0 14.0 Piles in sand, Piles in sand and 91 1937 6,702,500 gravel, and bro- gravel. ken rock. Lock and dam 9--- 647.9 3.3 miles below 110 600 9.0 620.0 16.0 13.0 Piles in sand.._.--_ Piles in sand ...-- 91 1938 7,271,400 . Lynxville, Wis. Lock and dam 10.- 615.1 Guttenberg, Iowa... 110 600 8.0 611.0 15.0 12.0 . . .do- ._.-- -- 89 1936 5,423,600 Lock and dam 11__ 583.0 3.7 miles above Du- 110 600 11.0 603.0 18.5 12.5 Piles in sand, .__ do . ....... 99 1937 7,387,500 buque, Iowa. gravel, and silt. Lock and dam 12-- 556.7 Bellevue, Iowa_...... 110 600 9.0 592.0 17.0 13.0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 99 1938 5,514,900 gravel. gravel. Lock and dam 13__ 522.5 4.3 miles above Clin- 110 600 11.0 583.0 19.0 13.0 Piles in sand, clay, -...do ........------99 1938 7,546,100 -+ ton, Iowa. and gravel. Lock and dam 14__ 493.3 3.7 miles below Le 110 600 11.0 572.0 20.5 13.5 Rock-_--- Rock ....... 98 1939 5,711,900 Claire, Iowa. Le Claire Lock 493.1 3.9 miles below Le 80 320 11.0 _ _ 17.6 10.9 ---- - do............ 100 1922 (10o) (Canal). Claire, Iowa. Foot of Arsenal Is- 110 600 16.0 561.0 1124.0 11.0 Lock and dam 15.. 482.9 land, Rock Island, 110 360 16.0 _ _..._. 1117.0 11.0 -_do---_--------- Rock.. 95 1934 9,201,500 Ill. Lock and dam 16-_ 457.2 1.8 miles above Mus- 110 600 9.0 545.0 17.0 12.0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 99 1937 6,835,300 H catine, Iowa. gravel. gravel. 0Y2 Lock and dam 17-_ 437.1 4.2 miles above New 110 600 8.0 536.0 16.0 13.0 ....do........... Piles in sand--... 95 1939 6,161,100 H Boston, Ill. Lock and dam 18-_ 410.5 6.5 miles above Bur- 110 600 9.8 528.0 16.5 13.7 Piles in sand .--- Piles in sand and 90 1937 8,254,000 01 lington, Iowa. gravel. 110 358 100 Lock and dam 19__ 364.2 Keokuk, Iowa ... 110 1,200 38.2 518.2 14.0 9.2 Rock -- - Rock ------- 13 86 1913 1214,275,900 Lock and dam 20__ 343.2 0.9 mile above Can- 110 600 10.0 480.0 15.0 12.0 ----. do ......... Rock and piles in 97 1936 C 6,051,200 ton, Mo. sand and gravel. Lock and dam 21__ 324.9 2.1 miles below 110 600 10.5 470.0 16.5 12.0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 96 1938 6,519,600 Quincy, Ill. gravel. gravel. Lock and dam 22__ 301.2 1.5 miles below Sa- 110 600 10.2 459.5 18.0 13.8 Rock _---------- Rock.------------ 99 1938 5,220,500 verton, Mo. Lock and dam 24__ 273.4 Clarksville, Mo..... 110 600 15.0 449.0 12.0 Rock; 19.0 piles in Piles in sand.... 92 1940 6,965,600 sand. Lock and dam 25__ 241.4 Cap Au Gris, Mo__ 110 600 15.0 434.0 19.0 12.0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 93 1939 9,150,600 gravel. gravel. Lock and dam 26 110 1132.0 1412.0 (Henry T. 202.9 Alton, Ill_ ------ { 110 600 360 1322.0 1322.0 .. 419.0 . . 16.0 1412.0 }Piles in sand---- Piles in sand------ 90 1938 14,092,100 0 Rainey Dam). I I I I I I I I I tIT Total locks - - - - - - - - - - - - . 212,271,700 C dams. z tj I I ADDITIONAL FEATURES ENTERING INTO COST OF PROJECT Facilities for public use, convenience, and safety..... ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,060,600 Miscellaneous harbor improvements 2,030,600 1516----------------------------------------- Rectification of damages caused by seepage and backwater ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 175,455,000 Regulating work between lock and dam 26 (Henry T. Rainey Dam) and the Missouri River (actual cost)--- -------------------------------------------- 545,000 Miscellaneous- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 478, 700 Total additional features ....------------- ..........-------------- ------------------------------------------ --------------------------------- 9,569,300 Total existing project......-----..........-- 221,841,000------------------------------ 221,841,000 See footnotes on following page. 1246 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1 Elevations of pools 1 to 22 and at St. Anthony Falls are mean sea level 1912 adjustment; pools 24, 25, 26 are mean sea level 1929 adjustment. 2 Existing dam, owned by Northern States Power Co., is complete. Construction of lock has not been started. 3 Includes dredging above upper lock. (Federal cost only.) 4Includes lower approach dredging and dredging between upper and lower locks. (Federal cost only.) 6 Based on pool elevation of 723.1 in pool 1 which is crest of dam. Pool is normally maintained at eleva- tion 725.1 by flashboards. 6 In addition, $1,948,800 was expended from previous projects and $1,349,600 from O & C appropriation for first of twin locks. Does not include lock and dam replacement program. 7 Old upper guard sill. 8 Landward, lock. s In addition, $1,965,300 was expended from previous projects. 10 Existing Le Clair Canal lock is used as auxiliary to lock 14; previous project costs, $540,000. 11Depth over upper poiree sill. Depth over upper miter sills is 27 feet, at locks 15; and 34 feet at main lock 26. 12 Cost of $640,868 for first lock was reported by the Mississippi River Power Co., transferred to Govern- ment free in lieu of improvements destroyed. (Annual Report, 1928, pp. 1118-1119.) Present estimate includes $13,011,000 for main lock and appurtenant work. 13Lift above possible future pool. Lift at extreme low water about 28.2 feet. 14 Based on possible future pool. 16Excludes $84,600 contributed funds. 16The "Harbor at Alma, Wisconsin" portion of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1955 and was estimated to cost $52,000. 17Excludes $205,000 (1955) for Remedial Works in Sny Island Levee Drainage District, Illinois, to be restudied after completion of the Sny Basin flood-control project. 18 In addition, $620,000 was expended from the allotment for examinations, surveys, and contingencies, covering the original 9-foot survey, and a total of $613,600 was expended by the Works Progress Administra- tion for miscellaneous clearing and esplanade work in the Rock Island district. Existing project. This project provides for a channel of 9-foot depth and of adequate width between the mouth of the Missouri River (1,179 miles from the Gulf) and the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway bridge at Minneapolis, by the con- struction of a system of locks and dams, supplemented by dredging. The project also provides for further improvements at St. Paul to provide a basin 9 feet deep, varying in width from 400 to 1,100 feet and extending downstream from the Robert Street Bridge for a distance of 2.7 miles, and at Minneapolis to provide adequate terminal facilities, and for miscellaneous and other harbor im- provements. Pertinent data for existing and proposed locks and dams, etc., are given in table above. All dams are concrete. Three dams (St. Anthony Falls, 1, and 19) are fixed, the remainder are movable. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $221,841,000, which includes $30,945,000 for work upstream from the lower Northern Pacific Railway bridge at Minneapolis (St. Anthony Falls), but is exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The modification of the project providing for a harbor at Alma, Wisconsin, is to be restudied and is excluded from this estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1955 and was estimated to be $52,000. Also excluded from the estimate is $205,000 (1955) for Remedial Works in Sny Island Levee Drain- age District, Illinois, to be restudied after completion of the Sny Basin flood-control project. The latest approved estimate for maintenance is $4,060,000 annually. The existing project was authorized by the following acts and related documents: MISSISSIPPI RIVER-MISSOURI RIVER AND MINN. 1247 Acts Work authorized Documents River and Harbor Act Dredging channels to landing places...... , None. of Sept. 22, 1922. River and Harbor Act Project adopted from Illinois River to H. Doec. 290, 71st Cong., 2d sess. of July 3, 1930 as Minneapolis; Chief of Engineers granted amended by P. R. discretionary authority to make such No. 10, Feb. 24, 1932. modification in plan as may be deemed advisable. Permanent Appropria- Operation of snag boats and operation and None. tion Repeal Act, June care of locks and dams to be provided for 26, 1934. with funds from Department of the Army appropriations for rivers and harbors. River and Harbor Act Missouri River established as lower limit H. Doc. 137, 72d Cong., 1st sess. of Aug. 30, 1935. of the project. River and Harbor Act Extension of 9-foot channel above St. An- Do. of Aug. 26, 1937. thony Falls, Minn., including adequate terminal facilities for Minneapolis, Minn. River and Harbor Act St. Paul Harbor______________._...._._..__ Rivers and Harbors Committee of Aug. 30, 1935. Doec. 44, 74th Cong., 1st sess. River and Harbor Act Determine damages to drainage and levee Rivers and Harbors Committee of Aug. 26, 1937. districts caused by seepage and back- Doc. 34, 75th Cong., 1st sess. water, and cost of making rectification thereof. Flood Control Act of Public park and recreational facilities-..... None. Dec. 22, 1944. River and Harbor Act Red Wing, Minn., harbor................. H. Doec. 103, 76th Cong., 1st sess. of Mar. 2, 1945. Remedial works to correct damages caused Do.........--........---------- H. Doec. 137, 76th Cong., 1st sess. by seepage and backwater at Cochrane, Wis. Do_.-------------- Such changes or additions to the payments, None. remedial works, or land acquisitions au- thorized by the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 26, 1937 (River and Harbor Com- mittee Doc. 34, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), as the Chief of Engineers deems advisable. Do_-------------- St. Paul, Minn., channel enlargement, H. Doec. 547, 76th Cong., 3d sess. small boat harbor, and roadway. None................... Vertical bridge clearance at Minneapolis S. Doec. 54, 77th Cong., 1st sess. to be 26 feet above the estimated stage for discharge of 40,000 c. f. s. River and Harbor Act Winona, Minn., basin_.................._. H. Doc. 263, 77th Cong., 1st sess. of Mar. 2, 1945. Do-.------------ Future modification of lock and dam No. H. Doc. 432, 77th Cong., 1st sess. 2 for power development. River and Harbor Act Lake City, Minn., harbor................_ H. Doc. 511, 79th Cong., 2d sess. of July 24, 1946. Wabasha, Minn., harbor-...... _,....--- Do................-------- H. Doec. 514, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Do-..------------ Payment of damages caused by backwater H. Doc. 515, 79th Cong., 2d sess. and seepage, pools 3 to 11. Do .---------- Hastings, Minn., harbor__..... . . H. Doec. 599, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Do_ Lansing, Iowa, harbor .... _ _ S. Doec. 192, 79th Cong., 2d sess. River and Harbor Act Fort Madison, Iowa, harbors_............ H. Doc. 661, 80th Cong., 2d sess. of June 30, 1948. River and Harbor Act Payment of damages caused by pool No. S. Doec. 197, 80th Cong., 2d sess. of May 17, 1950. 14 at Clinton, Iowa. Do--------- -- . . Davenport, Iowa, harbor_.........._..... H. Doc. 642, 80th Cong., 2d sess. D o--..------ .----Muscatine, Iowa, harbors _-... - -- H. Doec. 733, 80th Cong., 2d sess. D o----------- -- - Alma, Wis., harbor_---..... -- H. Doec. 66, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Do-.--------------- Hannibal, Mo., harbor._ ............... H. Doec. 67, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Do......... ........ Prairie du Chien, Wis., harbors ........... H. Doec. 71, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Do................. Opposite Hamburg, Ill., harbor........... H. Doec. 254, 81st Cont., 1st sess. Do.......-----....... Rock Island, Ill., harbor_-_ H. Doec. 257, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Do..... -- Permits such change in location of the None. Winona, Minn., small boat basin au- thorized by River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 263, 77th Cong., 1st sess.), as the Chief of Engineers deems advisable. River and Harbor Act Construction of Crooked Slough Harbor H. Doec. 347, 83d Cong., 2d sess. of Sept. 3, 1954. at Winona, Minn., in lieu of previously authorized commercial harbor. Do.................. Payment of damages caused by pool No. H. Doec. 251, 82d Cong., 1st sess. 24 at Louisiana, Mo. 1248 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 See House Document 669 (76th Cong., 3d sess.), for a report of Chief of Engineers dated February 27, 1940, containing a general plan for improvement of the Mississippi River between Coon Rap- ids Dam and the mouth of the Ohio River for purposes of naviga- tion, power development, the control of floods, and the needs of irrigation. Local cooperation. a. Extension of the 9-foot channel above St. Anthony Falls is authorized subject to the conditions that local interests contribute $1,100,000 to the first cost of the improvement as a whole and provided that responsible local agencies furnish assurances. satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will: (1) Make the necessary alterations to highway bridges and pub- licly-owned utilities, (2) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the channel and lock and dam construction, and (3) furnish at their own ex- pense suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and for sub- sequent maintenance when and as required. Assurances of local cooperation were approved by the Secretary of War on October 2, 1945. The city of Minneapolis has made payment of the $1,100,000 cash contribution and has furnished land as required for work underway. Possession of lands on the right bank in the vicinity of the lower lock has been obtained by the Government in con- demnation proceedings instituted for the city of Minneapolis at the expense of the city. Consummation of this matter is expected in the fall term of court. b. The provision of a small-boat harbor at Winona, Minn., is subject to the conditions that local interests will: Furnish as- surances satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers that they will pro- vide necessary floating booms, wharves and servicing facilities at the small-boat harbor open to the public on equal terms; furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. c. The provision of a small-boat harbor at Hastings, Minn., is subject to the condition that responsible local agencies furnish as- surances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will pro- vide free of cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way; provide spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; and provide the necessary floating booms, slips, and service facilities open to all on equal terms. Local interests were formally requested to furnish assurances on March 17, 1950. Assurances were approved by the Secretary of the Army on July 7, 1950. Local interests are pro- ceeding with the acquisition of lands. d. The provision of a small-boat harbor at Lansing, Iowa, is subject to the condition that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of- way, and disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; and provide the necessary floating booms, MISSISSIPPI RIVER-MISSOURI RIVER AND MINN. 1249 slips, and servicing facilities open to all on equal terms. The con- ditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been formally notified of the required conditions or requested to furnish assurances. e. The provision of a small-boat harbor and freight-terminal approach channel at Fort Madison, Iowa, is subject to the condi- tions that for each improvement local interests agree to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the new work and for sub- sequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and mainte- ance of the improvements; that for the small-boat harbor, local interests agree to provide necessary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities and access road, these harbor facilities to be open to all on equal terms; and that in connection with the approach channel, local interests agree to provide adequate public terminal and transfer facilities, moor- ing facilities, access roads, storm drains, retaining walls, and police and fire protection, these facilities and services to be avail- able to all on equal terms. These requirements have not been met. Local interests have been advised of the requirements of local co- operation and were furnished assurance forms on February 13, 1956. The assurance forms have not yet been executed by local interests, and the conditions of local cooperation have .not been complied with in whole or in part. f. The provision of a small-boat harbor at Davenport, Iowa, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of- way for construction and maintenance of the improvements; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the works; and provide and maintain an access road, a parking area, and necessary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with suitable servicing and supply facilities, and police and fire protection, open to all on equal terms. The conditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have-not been formally notified of the required conditions or requested to furnish assurances. g. The provision of a small-boat harbor and freight-terminal ap- proach channel at Muscatine, Iowa, is subject to the conditions that for each improvement local interests agree to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil- disposal areas necessary for the new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, accomplish without cost to the United States all necessary alterations of sewers and other utilities, maintain the utilities, protect the fill at the harbor improvements with revetment or furnish funds for this work if accomplished by the United States, maintain the fill without cost to the United States, and hold and save the United States free from all damages resulting from construction and maintenance of the improvements; that for the small-boat harbor local interests agree to provide necessary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public land- ing with suitable supply facilities, boathouse, access road, and 1250 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 parking area, open to all on equal terms; and that in connection with the improvement to accommodate freight commerce, local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that immediately after the filling of the industrial site has been accomplished, they will provide adequate public terminal and transfer facilities, including material-handling facilities, mooring facilities, access roads, and police and fire protection, these facili- ties and services to be available to all on equal terms, that they will see to it that immediately upon completion of the fill a grain elevator of approximately 250,000-bushel capacity designed to make shipments by river is provided at the site, and that they will foster development of the site in other respects to assure full reali- zation of the waterborne freight potentialities of this portion of the improvements. The conditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been for- mally notified of the required conditions or requested to furnish as- surances. h. The provision of a small-boat harbor at Alma, Wis., is subject to the condition that local interests agree to provide all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way, not now owned by the United States, for the construction and maintenance of the project; construct and maintain an adjacent parking area and an access road to the har- bor site; and provide necessary mooring facilities, and utilities, in- cluding a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. The conditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been formally notified of the required conditions or requested to furnish assur- ances as the project has been deferred for restudy. i. The provision of a small-boat harbor at Hannibal, Mo., is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of- way for construction and maintenance of the improvement, when and as required; and provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, necessary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. The conditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been formally notified of the required conditions or requested to furnish assur- ances. j. The provisions of the harbors at Prairie du Chien, Wis., is subject to the condition that local interests agree to furnish with- out cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of- way necessary for construction and maintenance of each of the harbor improvements, when and as required; protect the upstream corner of the fill at the freight harbor with revetment, or furnish funds for this work if accomplished by the United States, and maintain the fills at both harbors without cost to the United States; provide and maintain at local expense adequate public terminal and transfer facilities in connection with the commercial freight harbor, open to all on equal terms; and provide and maintain at the small-boat harbor, without cost to the United States, adequate mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with MISSISSIPPI RIVER-MISSOURI RIVER AND MINN. 1251 suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. Assurances of local cooperation were received on December 28, 1953, and approved by the Secretary of the Army on May 11, 1954. k.The provision of a small-boat harbor on the Missouri side of the river opposite Hamburg, Ill., is subject to the conditions that local interests agree to furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands; easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the new work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from any damages resulting from construction and maintenance of the improvement; provide and maintain an adequate ferry service, necessary mooring facilities, and utilities, including a public land- ing with suitable supply facilities, a suitable access road between Elsberry levee and the ferry landing, and a suitable parking area, the ferry service and these facilities to be available to all on equal terms; maintain, without cost to the United States, all the improve- ments added to the existing river project by the proposed modifi- cation except for maintenance of project depths in the harbor basin and its entrance; and establish a public body having authority to cooperate financially and to operate the essential facilities. The conditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been formally notified of the re- quired conditions or requested to furnish assurances. 1. The provision of a small-boat harbor at Rock Island, Ill., is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of- way for construction and maintenance of the improvement, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from dam- ages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project; provide and maintain without cost to the United States an access road, a parking area, a boathouse, and the necessary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with suitable servicing and supply facilities open to all on equal terms; maintain the levee around the major portion of the harbor area constructed from the materials dredged from the entrance chan- nel; and establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of the harbor facilities. Assurances that the requirements of local cooperation will be met were furnished by the City of Rock Island and were approved by the District Engineer on March 9, 1956. m. Construction of the Crooked Slough Harbor is subject to the conditions that local interests will: (1) furnish, free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way and spoil- disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the project; (3) provide and maintain adequate public terminal and transfer facilities with a suitable access road, open to all on equal terms; (4) provide and maintain suitable barge loading and unloading facilities at the existing fertilizer plant and grain elevator that would be served by the harbor; and (5) make a cash contribution 1252 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 equal to the additional cost to the United States for placing spoil to elevation 660 for the public terminal over that for placing it in the most convenient manner. Local interests have furnished as- surances, which were approved on May 23, 1956, and have con- tributed the required lands and a cash contribution of $3,400. n. The provisions of local cooperation for the remedial works at Cochrane, Wis., for the improvement of the commercial harbor and enlargement of the existing small-boat basin at Lake City, Minn., for the improvement of the channel at St. Paul and dredging of small-boat harbor at the lower end of Harriet Island, and for the harbors at Red Wing, Minn., and Wabasha, Minn., have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. A complete list of terminals is contained in the book titled "The Middle and Upper Mississippi River," re- vised to December 31, 1946. This book may be obtained from the District Engineer, Corps of Engineers, United States Army, St. Louis, Mo. Operations and results during fiscal year. St. Paul District: New work. Extension of channel above St. Anthony Falls: Con- struction of the lower lock and dam by continuing contract was in- creased from 85.7 to 97.6 percent completion. Construction of guide walls was completed. Work continued on the central control station, was initiated on removal of cofferdam, placing backfill, testing gates and miscellaneous items. A contract for protection of the center pier of the lower Northern Pacific Railway was com- pleted. Miscellaneous designs were carried on by hired labor. Locks and dam 1: A contract for repairs to bluff protection crib wall adjacent to the land wall of the locks was completed. Crooked Slough Harbor: Designs for construction of the harbor were completed by hired labor and a contract awarded. Hastings Harbor: Detailed plans were completed by hired labor. Land and flowage acquisition: Office work in connection with acquisition of land at St. Anthony Falls was carried on by hired labor. Condemnation action to acquire lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the lower lock and dam has been taken by the United States at the request of local interests with reimbursement by them. Cost of work by classes: Design, engineering, etc. for St. Anthony Falls, $13,793; design, engineering, etc. for harbors, $8,073; other designs, $2,885; lock and dam construction, $966,746; administration of seepage damage payments, $185; cost by hired labor, $24,339; by contract, $967,343. Total cost of new work was $991,682, Federal funds. Maintenance: Channel dredging was performed at 36 localities by the Government pipeline dredges Wm. A. Thompson and Rock Island, Derrick boat 767, and dipper dredge St. Paul, and hired labor. A total of 1,592,320 cubic yards of material was removed at a cost of $465,989. Miscellaneous surveys and shore protection work were carried on at a cost of $31,879. Operating and care: The locks and dams were operated as re- quired and necessary repairs were made thereto and to appurte- MISSISSIPPI RIVER-MISSOURI RIVER AND MINN. 1253 nant structures. Major rehabilitation included repair of bluff pro- tection at No 1, repainting Tainter gates at No. 2 and repair and repainting of miter gates at No. 5. A contract for construction of a remedial dike above the land wall at No. 5A was awarded. Cost of operation including repairs was $1,245,703 for the year. The cost of work (St. Paul District) for the year was $2,735,253 of which $991,682 was for new work, $497,868 for maintenance, and $1,245,703 for operating and care. Rock Island District: New work. Construction of new main lock 19 and appurtenances at Keokuk, Iowa, was continued. Con- struction of stage II of the new lock, including the new lock proper, esplanade, lock gates, Tainter valves, operating machinery, acces- sories and appurtenances, was performed by continuing contract. Work was also performed, by continuing contract, on stage III which consists of supplying mechanical and electrical equipment for the new lock, and includes design, manufacture, shop testing, and delivery to the site of service gate and guard gate machines, electrical switchgear, control stands, and miscellaneous control equipment with accessories. Practically all the contract items in- cluded under stage III have been received and stored at the project site. Contract was awarded in January 1956 for stage IV of the new lock, which consists of installation of the mechanical and elec- trical equipment supplied under stage III and construction of the incoming powerline and appurtenant structures. To date only preliminary planning of the new lock, by hired labor, was com- pleted. Preliminary planning, by hired labor, for construction of a small boat harbor at Rock Island, Ill., was completed. Construction of the harbor, by contract, was initiated in June 1956. Preliminary planning, by hired labor, for construction of com- mercial facilities and small-boat harbor at Fort Madison, Iowa, was performed. Studies relative to rectification of damages to drainage and levee districts were carried on by hired labor, and damage payments for calendar year 1955 were made. Cost of work by classes: New main lock 19, $4,664,994; small- boat harbor at Rock Island, Ill., $15,288; commercial facilities and small-boat harbor at Fort Madison, Iowa, $2,978; and rectification of damages to drainage and levee districts, $70,143. Maintenance: Channel dredging was performed at 18 locations by United States pipeline dredge Rock Island, a total of 1,016,326 cubic yards of material having been removed at a cost of $259,556. Regulating work consisting of the restoration of 4 wing dams and closing dams and the removal of ends of 3 wing dams was per- formed by hired labor at a cost of $101,084. Snagging was per- formed by hired labor at a cost of $100. Lock 21 was dewatered during the non-navigation season and structure repairs and paint- ing were performed by hired labor at a cost of $111,717. Painting of roller gates, Tainter gates, and bulkheads was performed at 3 other sites by hired labor at a cost of $117,572. Other minor re- habilitation work was performed by hired labor at a cost of $33,267. The total cost of rehabilitation was $623,296. 1254 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OPF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operating and care: The locks and dams were operated as re- quired and necessary repairs were made thereto and to appurte- nant structures at a cost of $1,093,901. Income and credits to operation were -$24,296. St. Louis District: New work: Payment of damages to the city of Louisiana, Mo., $82,600; other costs in connection therewith, $400; and adjustment of fiscal year 1955 cost, - $236. Maintenance: Work on rehabilitation of gates, lock and dam No. 26 was performed by contract at a cost of $129,461. Channel dredging was performed at seven localities with Government plant and hired labor. A total of 473,932 cubic yards of material was removed from the main channel at a cost of $145,000. Other costs by hired labor were repairs to locks No. 26, repairs to auxiliary lock gate, $59,233; power, control, and lighting, $8,819; Machens private levee repairs, $7,098: Government-furnished materials, $9,593; and miscellaneous, $74,479. Operating and care: The locks and dams were operated as re- quired and necessary repairs were made thereto and to appurte- nant structures at a cost of $475,898. The costs during the fiscal year for the three districts were as follows: St. Paul Rock Island St. Louis Total Costs: New work-----------.....------- $991,682 $4,753,403 $82,764 $5,827,849 Maintenance_------------------.. -- 497,868 623,296 433,683 1,554,847 Operating and care................ 1,245,703 1,069,605 475,898 2,791,206 Total costs___--.----------.-- 2,735,253 6,446,304 992,345 10,173,902 Condition at end of fiscal year. The 9-foot channel as a whole was about 80 percent complete. St. Paul District: Work completed. Locks and dams 1 to 10, inclusive (except for relatively minor appurtenant work) ; major improvements of harbors at St. Paul and Minneapolis; boat har- bors at St. Paul, Red Wing, Wabasha, and Lake City, Minn.; reme- dial drainage ditch at Cochrane, Wis.; miscellaneous channel dredging and realinement; channel markers; pool clearing; and studies relative to public-use planning have been completed. A total of 207 claims for seepage damages, totaling $88,592, have been paid. For information pertaining to locks and dams, see table under paragraph "Existing project." Improvement of Crooked Slough Harbor at Winona is under contract. Status of land and flowage acquisition: Approximately 50,626 acres of land in fee, including 45,158 acres wherein use of land by the Department of the Interior is provided for in accordance with a cooperative agreement and general plans, and easements on 15,244 acres of land including easements retained on 18 acres of land originally acquired and subsequently sold, were owned or con- trolled in pools 1-10, inclusive, at the close of the fiscal year. In addition, fee title to 3.0 acre and easements over approximately 200 acres of land for harbors and St. Anthony Falls have been ob- MISSISSIPPI RIVER--MISSOURI RIVER AND MINN. 1255 tained and the Department of the Army holds special rights over 62,874 acres of land owned by the Department of the Interior in pools 3-10 inclusive. Acquisition of 1.25 acres of land at St. Anthony Falls is pending. Completion of land and flowage ac- quisition for portions of the project completed or presently under construction is expected in fiscal year 1956. Work remaining to complete the portion of the project in the St Paul District consists of the following: completion of exten- sion of the channel above St. Anthony Falls, initiated in October 1948 and about 31 percent complete; guide wall extensions at 3 to 10, inclusive, except at 6; construction of stage-recorder houses at various sites, realinement of channel at Wilds Bend; harbor im- provements at Hastings and Winona, Minn., Alma., (which is de- ferred for restudy), and Prairie du Chien, Wis., and Lansing, Iowa; construction of public-use facilities; remainder of payment for seepage damages, pools 3 to 11, inclusive; and completion of land acquisition at St. Anthony Falls. The condition of the channel on June 30, 1956, was such that con- trolling depths of 9 feet at low water and minimum widths for long-haul common carrier service were being maintained in all pools, except St. Anthony Falls. Structures are in good condi- tion. The total costs under the existing project (St. Paul District) to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Regular Public works Emergency funds funds relief funds Total Costs: New work -_ - $34,670,954 _-_-__--------_____- $24,210,071 $9,071,214 $67,952,239 Maintenance_- . .------------ . . . - 226,673,214- --...-...------.---- . 26,673,214 _.... Total costs- ------------ 61,344,168 24,210,071 9,071,214 94,625,453 1 Does not include $461,200 contributed funds. 2 Includes $762,196 expended between 1930 and 1936 on the operating and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such purposes. The above costs and expenditures for new work, regular funds, include $159,359 transferred from Rock Island District covering pro rata share of cost of derrick boat Hercules. Rock Island District: Work completed. Locks and dams 11 to 22, inclusive (except new main lock 19, and appurtenant works at various other localities); alterations to Eagle Point Bridge; rock excavation in pool 20; diversion of Henderson River; partial conglomerate dredging in pool 19; clearing in pools; partial removal of old lateral dam along Le Claire Canal; channel alinement in pools 14, 16, 18, and 21; addition to pump house and installation of machinery in Union Town- ship drainage district, Mo.; seepage ditch and remedial works in Des Moines County drainage district No. 7, Iowa; remedial works in the Sny Island levee drainage district, Ill.; extensions to upper river walls at locks 11, 16, 18, 20, and 21; guide wall extension at lock 11; mooring levee at lock 20; upper approach dikes at locks 13, 17, and 22; and compensation to the city of Clinton, Iowa, in 1256 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the amount of $257,770 for ddmages caused by pool 14, have been completed. Construction of new main lock 19 at Keokuk, Iowa, is 86 percent completed; construction of stage I (lower guide walls and construction facilities) was completed in April 1954; construc- tion of stage II (lock proper and construction facilities) is 86 percent completed; stage III (manufacture and delivery of me- chanical and electrical equipment) was practically complete at the end of the fiscal year; and stage IV (installation of mechanical and electrical equipment) is 8 percent completed. Construction of the small-boat harbor at Rock Island, Ill., is 44 percent completed. For information pertaining to locks and dams, see tabulation un- der paragraph "Existing project." Status of land and flowage acquisition: Acquisition of land in pools 11 to 22, inclusive, presently consisting of 93,938 acres in fee and 10,367 acres in flowage easement, has been completed. Work remaining to complete the portion of the project in the Rock Island District consists of the following items: Completion of construction of new main lock 19 and small-boat harbor at Rock Island, Ill.; construction of guide wall extensions at 16, 18, and 21; mooring facilities at 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 22; and upper approach dike at 20; removal of remainder of lateral dam in pool 14; rock and/or conglomerate excavation in pools 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 21; construction of harbor improvements at Fort Madison, Iowa; Hannibal, Mo.; Davenport, Iowa; and Muscatine, Iowa; rectification of damages to drainage and levee districts; construc- tion of public-use facilities, and miscellaneous minor items. The condition of the channel on June 30, 1956, was such that controlling depths of 9 feet at low water and widths suitable for long-haul common carrier service were being maintained in all pools. The total costs under the existing project (Rock Island District) to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Regular Public works Emergency funds funds relief funds Total Costs: New work--------------------- 1 $53,468,006 $17,403,322 $11,338,865 $82,210,193 Maintenance .........---------- 28,244,655 ----------------------------- 8,244,655 Operating and care-_--------------s18,942,756 18,942,756 1----------------- Total costs.--------------------- 80,655,417 17,403,322 11,338,865 109,397,604 1 The above costs for new work, regular funds, exclude $207,166.61 transferred to the St. Paul and St. Louis Districts covering their pro rata shares of cost of derrick boat Hercules. 2Costs subsequent to fiscal year 1953 included with operating and care. a Includes the sum of $395,441.54, expended between 1930 and 1936 on the operating and care of the works of improvement, under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. St. Louis District: Work completed. Locks and dams at Nos. 24, 25, and 26 (Henry T. Rainey Dam) (except appurtenant works), and dikes and revetments have been completed. For in- formation pertaining to locks and dams, see table under paragraph "Existing project." Status of land and flowage acquisition: Acquisition of land in pools 24, 25, and 26, involving 41,451 acres of land in fee and flow- age easements over 6,600 acres, has been completed. MISSISSIPPI RIVER-MISSOURI RIVER AND MINN. 1257 Work remaining to complete: The portion of the project in the St. Louis District consists of the following: guide wall extensions at locks 24 and 25; purchase and installation of emergency bulk- heads and construction of derrick and storage yard at lock and dam 26; rectification of damages to drainage and levee districts in pool 25; construction of facilities for public use; construction of small- boat harbor facilities on the Missouri side of the river opposite Hamburg, Ill. The condition of the channel on June 30, 1956, was such that controlling depths of 9 feet at low water and generally suitable widths for long-haul common carrier service were maintained in all pools and between lock and dam 26 and the Missouri River. At lock and dam 26, serious deficiencies in depth over the lower sill existed for 98 days from November 19, 1955, to February 24, 1956, and imposed draft restrictions on vessels passing through the lock. The total costs under the existing project (St. Louis District) to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Regular Public works Emergency funds funds relief funds Total Costs: New work ______________________ $14,872,205 $10,282,566 $2,440,266 $27,595,037 Maintenance_ _.------------- -------------------------------- 7,085,350 7,085,350 Operating and care___-_------- ---------------...............----- 4,861,463 4,861,463 Total costs ..........- - 26,819,018 10,282,566 2,440,266 39,541,850 The above costs for new work, regular funds, include $47,808 transferred from Rock Island District covering pro rata cost of derrick boat Hercules: but do not include $687,709 expended by Rock Island District in pool No. 24. The total costs to June 30, 1956, for the three districts in the project, were as follows: Regular Public works Emergency funds funds relief funds Total Costs: 1 -------------------- New work _ $103,011,165 $51,895,959 $22,850,345 $177,757,469 Maintenance______-------------- 42,003,219------------------------------ 42,003,219 Operating and care__---------- 223,804,219 ------------------------------ 23,804,219 Total costs____----------------- 168,818,603 51,895,959 22,850,345 243,564,907 1 Does not include $461,200 contributed funds. 2 Includes $1,157,638 expended between 1930 and 1936 on operating and care of the works of improvement, under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 1258 REPORT OF THE CHIEFOF ENGINEERS, i. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 2 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........ $1,957,770 $2,567,730 $5,468,400 $5, 548,500 $4,887,459 $228,018,234 Cost-.---.---.--.-.. 2,190,543 3,287,900 4,438,351 5,799,530 5,827,849 226,769,877 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 3,300,800 4,329,867 4,173,930 4,304,455 4,425,000 74,554,385 Cost..... . 3,381,475 4,356,058 4,162,488 4,401,715 4,346,053 74,287,569 21Includes $49,012,646 for new work and $8,472,597 for maintenance for previous projects. In addition $461,200 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------ $717, 283 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 2, 120, 600 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------- 2, 488, 283 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ -__________--___ 40, 047, 412 CONTRIBUTED, FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--....----------- ---------------------------------- $3,400 $1,184,600 Cost-- ----- ------.---- -$300,000 -$56, 683 $184,048 ..... . 461, 200 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $723, 400 ---.. Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----- ---- -------------------- _ 723, 400 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT This district comprises eastern Wisconsin, southwestern por- tion of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, northeastern and central Illinois, and portions of northwestern Indiana and southwestern Michigan. The area in Illinois, southwestern- Wisconsin and northwestern Indiana is included in the drainage basin of the Illinois River above the south boundary of the Federal property at New La Grange lock and dam, exclusive of the basin of Bureau Creek, Ill. It also includes the southern end of Lake Michigan and its tributary drainage basins from the southern boundary of Wisconsin to the drainage basin of the St. Joseph River, Mich., and the waterways connecting the Illinois River with the Chicago and Calumet Rivers. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control Page Page 1. Menominee Harbor and River, 22. Little Calumet River and Mich. and Wis----------- 1259 Tributaries, Ill. and Ind.... 1316 2. Green Bay Harbor, Wis...... 1261 23. Farm Creek, Ill.._ _ __ . 1317 3. Fox River, Wis...------------ 1264 24. East of Chandlerville, Sanga- 4. Sturgeon Bay and Lake Mich- mon River, Ill _----.....-- 1318 igan Ship Canal, Wis-..... 1269 25. Mouth of Sangamon River, Ill_ 6.Two Rivers Harbor, Wis...... 1273 _ 5.Kewaunee Harbor, Wis_ _ _ _ 1271 26. Beardstown, Illinois River, Ill................... 1319 1320 7. Manitowoc Harbor, Wis ..... 1275 27. Other authorized flood-control 8. Sheboygan Harbor, Wis- .. __ 1277 projects .__ .... 1322 9. Port Washington Harbor, Wis_ 1280 28. Inspection of completed flood- 10. Milwaukee Harbor, Wis-..... 1282 control works ---. ------ 1322 11. Racine Harbor, Wis_, ...... 1285 29. Flood-control work under spe- 12. Kenosha Harbor, Wis...------- 1287 cial authorization _ _ 1322 13. Waukegan Harbor, Ill . .... 1289 14. Chicago River, Ill- -. - 1291 15. Chicago Harbor, Ill_------ 1293 Shore Protection 16. Lake Calumet, Ill1----------296 30. Other authorized shore-pro- 17. Calumet Harbor and River, tection projects--_-_ -- 1325 Ill. and Ind-------------1297 18. Indiana Harbor, Ind ..-------- 1300 19. Illinois Waterway, Ill., and General Investigations Ind 304 1------------------- 20. Navigation projects on which 31. Examinations and surveys .. 1325 reconnaissance and condi- 32. Collection and study of basic tion surveys only were con- data _-------------- - 1326 ducted during the fiscal 33. Research and development .- 1326 year_------------------- 1315 21. Other authorized navigation projects_-_-_-___ -__- 1316 1. MENOMINEE HARBOR AND RIVER, MICH. AND WIS. Location. On the west shore of Green Bay, distant about 49 miles northeasterly from Green Bay Harbor, and about 155 miles from Milwaukee via Sturgeon Bay Canal. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 723.) Previous projects. Prior to 1902 the harbor and river con- stituted two works. 1259 1260 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Harbor: River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1871, September 19, 1890, and March 3, 1899. River: River and Harbor Acts of September 19, 1890, July 13, 1892, and June 3, 1896 For further details see page 1933 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1424 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the mouth of the river by parallel piers 400 feet apart and about 1,870 and 2,681 feet in length for the north and south piers, respectively; for a channel 21 feet deep from that depth in the bay to the upper end of the Marinette municipal wharf, about 4,700 feet above the Ogden Street Bridge, and 10,700 feet from the outer end in the bay where the width is 600 feet, reducing to 300 feet between the piers and up to Ogdon Street Bridge, thence 200 feet in the river to the upper end of the municipal wharf, with an enlarged turning basin 21 feet deep on the south side of the channel just below that wharf, and for a channel 12 feet deep and generally 90 feet wide upstream from the upper end of the municipal wharf for a distance of 2,500 feet to the vicinity of the Marinette Yacht Club. Except for 168 feet of concrete caissons at outer end of south pier, the piers are formed of stone-filled piling and timber cribs, the entire north pier and 2,156 feet of the south pier having been repaired with concrete superstructure. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pres- sures, of about 1 1/ feet above or below the mean lake level pre- vailing at the time. The cost for new work was $149,505 exclusive of amounts ex- pended on previous projects. The latest 1955 approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts:. Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1871 Entrance piers 1 _. _--------- __ __ _ _ _ .. Annual Report, 1867, p. 132. June 13, 1902 Consolidation of the project for the harbor and river, H. Doc. 419, 56th Cong., 1st sess. and for a channel 18 feet deep. Mar. 4, 1913 Partial restoration of the work above the bridge which had been eliminated by the act of Mar. 3, 1905. July 3, 1930 For 20-foot depth in the channel and 18-foot depth in H. Doc. 171, 70th Cong., 1st sess. the turning basin. Aug. 30, 1935 For 21-foot depth in the channel and the turning Rivers and Harbors Committee basin and enlargement of the turning basin. Doc. 28, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 For extending channel 12 feet deep, to vicinity of H. Doc. 228, 76th Cong., 1st sess.2 Marinette Yacht Club. 2Completed under previous projects. 1 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In addition to a car-ferry slip, there are 14 wharves for handling coal, building materials, and miscellaneous commodities. The city of Marinette has provided a public wharf. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1261 The facilities are considered fairly adequate for existing com- merce, except that there is need for a public wharf owned by the city of Menominee, with warehouse and railway connection. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $2,370. The reconstruction of 612 feet of south pier was completed by contract at a cost of $109,491. The total cost was $111,861. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of March 2, 1945, was completed in 1938. No ad- ditional work is necessary to provide a depth of 12 feet in the ex- tension of the channel to the vicinity of the Marinette Yacht Club as project depth or more is now available. The entrance piers were completed in 1884 and are in generally fair condition except for portions of the south pier which require repairs. Dredging of the channel below the Marinette municipal wharf and enlarging the turning basin, to existing project depth, was commenced in May 1938 and completed in November 1938. The inner 654 feet of the north pier are no longer essential for the preservation of the channel and the north pier is therefore maintained for a length of about 1,126 feet. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 20 feet in the channel to the Marinette municipal wharf and in the turning basin. The channel above the municipal wharf for a distance of 2,500 feet to the vicinity of the Marinette Yacht Club has depths grad- ually decreasing from 12 to 9 feet. The river is avialable for raft- ing and logging for about 102 miles above its mouth. The costs under the existing project were $149,505 for new work and $934,019 for maintenance, a total of $1,083,524. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----------------------------------------------------- --- -------- $461,928 Cost--- --------------------------------------------------------------- 461,928 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $3,500 $13,500 $211,200 $166,935 $2,000 970,489 Cost----------------- 3,437 11,688 13,675 2256,198 111,861 970,213 1Includes $312,423 for new work and $36,194 for maintenance for previous project. 2 3peration and results during fiscal year $255,317 plus pending adjustment of $881 for fiscal year 1954. 2. GREEN BAY HARBOR, WIS. Location. Located at the mouth of the Fox River, at the head of Green Bay, distant about 180 miles from Milwaukee, Wis., via Sturgeon Bay Canal, and about 49 miles southwesterly from Menominee Harbor, Mich., and Wis. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 725.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 23, 1866 This project was modified by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874; July 13, 1892; and June 3, 1896. For further 1262 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 details see page 1934 of Annual Report of 1915 and page 1431, An- nual Report of 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer channel in Green Bay about 10 miles long and 22 feet deep, from that depth in the bay at the mouth of Fox River, varying in width from 500 feet at the outer end to 300 feet at the river mouth, including widening of the bend outside of Tail Point Light; for protecting the portion through Grassy Island, about 700 feet long, on the east side by a stone-filled timber pile revetment capped with concrete super- structure; for straightening the channel from the inner end of Grassy Island to the river mouth; for widening the channel in Fox River through the city of Green Bay by the removal of shoals at the mouth of East River and between the two upper railroad bridges to a depth of 22 feet; for a turning basin 22 feet deep at the mouth of East River; for a turning basin 20 feet deep above the Chicago & North Western Railway bridge near the southern limits of the city of Green Bay; for an inner channel in the river 150 feet wide and 18 feet deep extending upstream about 3/2 miles from the latter turning basin to De Pere terminating in another turning basin 18 feet deep with sufficient area to accommo- date 500-foot vessels. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work for the entire project (1956) is $1,801,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and excluding $70,000 contributed and $30,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance for the entire project is $60,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 23, 1866 Outer channel and revetment at Grassy Island 1 .... Annual Report, 1867, p. 70. July 13, 1892 Inner channel 1------------------------------ Unpublished report approved Aug. 3, 1892. June 26, 1910 Turning basin at De Pere__...._ _________ ____ H. Doc. 522, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 Maintenance of the turning basin at De Pere-...... H. Doc. 1017, 64th Cong., 1st sess.2 Mar. 3, 1925 Increasing depth of inner channel and turning basin H. Doc. 294, 68th Cong., 1st sess. to 18 feet. Aug. 30, 19353 Deepening outer channel to 22 feet with widening Rivers and Harbors Committee and straightening inside of Tail Point Bend, widen- Doc. 40, 72d Cong., 1st sess. ing the channel in Fox River through the city of Green Bay to a depth of 22 feet. Aug. 26, 1937 Turning basin above the Chicago & North Western Rivers and Harbors Committee Ry. bridge. Doc. 73, 74th Cong., 2d sess.2 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Turning basin at mouth of East River_ ------------- H. Doc. 95, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contain latest published maps. * Included in the Public Works Administration'program, Jan. 3, 1934. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1263 Local cooperation. The act of March 2, 1945, provided that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance as required and con- tribute $30,000 toward the cost of dredging the turning basin at the mouth of East River. Assurances of local cooperation were furnished by the city of Green Bay and were approved by the Chief of Engineers on December 6, 1950. All prior requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 25 wharves for the handling of coal, petroleum products, grain, pulpwood, wood pulp, sulphur, cement, building materials, and miscellaneous commodities lo- cated on this waterway. Green Bay has provided a municipal wharf open to the public. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys made at a cost of $7,661. The United States dipper dredge Kewannee during the period August 18 to October 6, 1955, removed 97,665 cubic yards of material at a cost of $68,944. Total mainte- nance costs were $76,605. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of March 2, 1945, was completed in 1938. No work has been done on the last modification of the project provid- ing for a turning basin at the mouth of East River. Deepening and widening the outer channel in Green Bay, to existing project depth and width, was commenced in August 1934 and completed in November 1936. Dredging the channel in Fox River through the city of Green Bay was commenced in May 1935 and com- pleted in November 1935. Dredging the turning basin above the Chicago & North Western Railway bridge was commenced in August 1938 and completed in September 1938. Dredging the inner channel and turning basin to existing project depth was commenced in June 1926 and completed in October 1926. The east revetment at Grassy Island, built in 1869, is in fair condition. The west revetment was entirely removed in July 1935. The con- trolling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 20 feet in the outer chanriel and 21.2 feet in the channel through the city of Green Bay, 19.1 feet in turning basin above railway bridge, 12.4 feet in the inner channel, and 18.0 feet in the turning basin at De Pere, except for some shoaling to 10 feet at upper end. The head of deepwater navigation is at De Pere. The costs under the existing project were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds__-----...........--------------------- $667,917 $1,191,683 $1,859,600 Public works funds__--------------------------------- 940,000 _-----.-. 940,800 Total .....- . .-------------------------- 1,608,717 1,191,683 2,800,400 In addition $70,000 contributed funds were expended on new work. 1264 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated....... ----------- ------------ _------------ ----------------------- $2,005,691 C ost . ............ ........... ............-- -- ........ ........- - 2,005,691 Maintenance: 2,005,691 Appropriated........ $63,400 $58,900 $58,900 $61,890 $76,000 1,200,714 Cost ----------------- 62,777 58,237 58,929 61,368 76,605 1,200,601 1 Includes $396,974 for new work and $8,918 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $70,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ____________ $192, 000 3. FOX RIVER, WIS. Location. This river rises in Columbia County, Wis., and flows in a northerly direction into Green Bay. Its length is about 176 miles. The Wolf River, physically the main river but by designa- tion a tributary of the Fox River, rises in the central part of Forest County, Wis., and flows in a southerly direction about 220 miles into the Fox River 10 miles above Oshkosh. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 726 for Lake Winnebago and lower Fox River.) Previous projects. As provided by special act of July 7, 1870, and River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872, the original project was modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1873. The improvement of the Wisconsin River was abandoned in 1887 (Annual Report for 1887, p. 2096). For further details see page 1940 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1434 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for deepening and widening the channel of Fox River from De Pere, 7 miles above the mouth to Portage, Wis., a total length of 156 miles, the depth between De Pere and Montello, 125 miles, to be 6 feet, with 9.6 feet in rock cut below De Pere lock and 7 feet in other rock cuts on the lower river below Menasha lock; and from Montello to Portage, 31 miles, the depth to be 4 feet; the width of channel from Lake Winnebago to Montello to be 100 feet, with necessary widening at bends, for the construction and reconstruction of 27 locks and 16 dams; for a concrete retaining wall at Kaukauna; for construction and main- tenance of harbors having depths of 6 feet on Lake Winnebago; for widening Neenah Channel to 100 feet, with a 6-foot depth for a length of about 1 mile; and for dredging, snagging, and otherwise improving Wolf River from its mouth to New London, a distance of 47 miles, the depth to be 4 feet. All depths are referred to standard low water. Ordinary and extreme fluctuations of water level above and below mean stages on various parts of the improvement, due to floods and other causes, are about as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1265 Ordinary fluctuations Extreme fluctuations :Place Above mean Below mean Above mean Below mean stage (feet) stage (feet) stage (feet) stage (feet) Lower Fox River at De Pere Dam_ ..__---___ _ 1.0 1.4 2.5 4.0 Lake Winnebago_________________________ 1.2 1.3 2.2 3.7 Upper Fox River at Berlin Dam_________ 2.7 1.4 5.7 2.0 Wolf River at New London _________________ ------ 5.0 2.6 8.8 3.0 The cost of the completed portion of the project is $358,300 for the upper river and $513,400 for the lower river, a total of $871,700 exclusive of previous projects. The River and Harbor Act March 3, 1925, portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this por- tion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $2,886,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $20,000 for the upper river, if project dimensions are once fully obtained and $110,000 for the lower river; a total of $130,000. The latest (1955) estimate of annual cost of operation and care of the locks and dams is $200,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 18861 Improvement of Fox River--.......--.- _ ___ .. Annual Report, 1885, pp. 2041-2045 (plan of a board approved Dec. 10, 1884, as modified by Corps of Engineers, May 14, 1886). Sept. 19, 1890 Dredging Fond du Lac Harbor on Lake Winnebago__ H. Ex. Doc. 24, 51st Cong., 1st sess. Annual Report, 1890, p. 2390. June 3, 1896 Improvement of Wolf River --------- __--- _ No prior survey or estimate. Do __... Improvement of Stockbridge, of Calumet and Miller Do. June 13, 1902 Bay, and of Brothertown Harbors, on Lake Winne- Mar. 2, 1907 bago. Mar. 3, 19253 Increased depth in rock cuts on lower river, widening H. Doc. 294, 68th Cong., 1st sess. Neenah Channel, and for a concrete retaining wall at Kaukauna. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. The latest published maps are contained in H. Doc. 146, 67th Cong., 2d sess., and in H. Doc. 294, 68th Cong., 1st sess. 2 $2,600,000 inactive. 3 $286,000 inactive. Locks and dams, Fox River, Wis. Depth at nor- Dis- mal pool tance Avail- Character Date from Dis- Clear able Lift of Kind of of Actual M Name of lock or dam Green Nearest town tance width length (feet) Lower founda- dam Type of construction con- cost Bay (miles) (feet) (feet) Breast miter tion pletion c0oE (miles) wall 1 sill (feet) (feet) 0 De..Pere-. De Pere lock 2_______________ 7.1 De Pere-....... 36.0 146.0 8.9 10.3 12.0 Rock .... ___........ Concrete...... ..... 1936 $229,307.79 De Pere Dam 2_________ 7.2 ..... .... do-------- do- ...... . ..,.... 6..... ..--- ..... ........ ..... - ----. do -- . Fixed 3 4 .------- do ... C.n.re.. -..-- 1929 209,563.08 Little Kaukauna lock 2...... 13.0 6 36.0 146.0 7.2 8.0 9.5 Clay ----- .----- do------------ 1938 362,426.81 Little Kaukauna Dam 2___ 13.1 --- do------- 6 - - - - - - - - Clay and Fixed 2 4_ Piles and concrete.._ 1926 179,397.62 gravel. Rapide Croche lock 2........ 19.2 Wrightstown. 2 36.0 146.0 8.3 8.8 9.3 Rock ..... Concrete............ 1934 228,738.33 Rapide Croche Dam 2-..... 19.3 do........ --.... 2 ........ do ....--Fixed a 4_- ---- do............---------- ..... 1930 118,975.40 ti Kaukauna fifth lock 2....... 22.8 Kaukauna.... .. .. . 35.6 144.0 9.1 6.7 7.4 ... do.... Composite- ....... 1898 5 13,309.90 Kaukauna fourth lock 2..... 23.1 --- do------...... ... . .. 36.6 144.1 10.2 6.9 6.0 do ..--.. --.... Stone masonry .. _ 1879 37,536.37 Kaukauna third lock 2 ....... 23.3 do ....--. ..... 30.6 144,0 10.2 6.9 6.3 ... do . .......... 1879 39,948.41 Kaukauna second lock 2 __ 23.4 ...do-- .---....-- ... . .. 35.0 144.0 9.6 6.0 6.0 ..... do -- ....----do_------------- 1903 24,312.77 0 Kaukauna first lock 2........ 23.6 --.. do ......--- ....... 35.1 144.4 11.0 6.9 6.0 ....do .... ----. do-_---------- 1883 38,703.52 Kaukauna Dam 2 __ 24.0 ..--do----.....--- ....do . Fixed 3 4. Concrete-__._----_-- 1931 123,763.41 Kaukauna guard lock ..... Little Chute combined lock: 24.0 ----------- do----- 40.0 9.4 ....... ....do ....------------ Stone masonry...... 1891 12,630.30 zM Lower 2--- -- --- -- -- 25.4 Little Chute 1 35.4 146.5 10.9 6.0 8.6 ---- do-- ....--------...........-------. do.......--------- 1879 26.4 --- 144.1 1879 S102,303.82 Upper 2-__-. Little Chute second lock 2 __ 25.4 26.4 ..... do----------1 do ... _.. ... do ..............----------- 1 36.3 35.0 144.2 10.6 13.8 7.6 8.0 6.0 Hardpan............--------------.. -do.... 6.1 Rock...--- .....---..----- --------- -----... do.......--------- 1881 48,555.36 z Little Chute first (guard) 26.5 .... do ......-....... 35.4 6.6 ....... ....-----------. do......------------ ---- do......... 1904 57,816.56 lock 2 Little Chute Dam 2 ......... 26.6 ..... do...... Fixed a 4_ _ Concrete ____... 1932 82,553.74 Cedars lock 2_________ 27.3 - d ..... .. o ...... do . ... 1 35.0 144........ 9.8 6.8 7.3 ...----do -- Stone masonry ..... 1888 34,972.19 Cedars Dam 2____________ 27.4 1 _Fixed 84.._ _ Concrete . ..-------- 1933 84,872.55 Appleton fourth lock 2....... 30.7 Appleton ... 1 7.6 8.1 7.9 Stone masonry -.. 144.0 o -- - do 1907 40,892.55 35.0 -- Appleton lower dam 2....... 30.9 do . .... 1 -... -- -- Fixed 3 4_ Concrete ........ - 1934 73,902.53 Appleton third lock 2........ 31.3 ..-.. ----- o ---- . ddo-- 35.0 144.. 8.7 6.0 8.6 Stone masonry- .... 1909 32,238.39 Appleton second lock 2 _ _ 31.6 ..... do- _. -- 35.1 144.0 9.6 6.9 6.0 ---. __- Clay -_--- -_--.- do_. ...... 1901 22,939.54 Appleton first lock 2........ 31.9 ..... do ...... 35.0 10.0 6.6 6.0 Rock___ do_-- -- --- -- ---.. 1884 36,004.48 Appleon upper dam ........ 32.2 --....do _.....- -....-- do Concrete ______--___ Fixed 3__ 1940 151,558.400 Menasha lock 2________ . __ 37.0 Menasha .... 35.4 144.0 8.5 7.2 8.0 Clay __--- Composite- ..... ___ 1890 5 19,326.46 Menasha Dam 2_ ________ 37.8 Eurek..doa___- Hardpan_ Concrete .---... _ .. 1937 84,686.04 Eureka lock___ .... ___. Eureka ..... 2 35.0 148.6 148.6 2.0 7.9 10.1 Sand..... 0C 81.0 Fixed 3__.__ Stone masonry and 1876 51,127.51 concrete. Eureka Dam . .... __ .... 81.2 _-__do ..... . S2......------- .. -I-.. -.. .... Earth....._ Timber and plank__ 1877 10,276.15 Berlin lock_ ______........ 89.3 Berlin.... 2 34.8 148.6 1.3 7.4 9.2 Clay ..... ............ Stone masonry ..- 1878 44,370.98 Berlin Dam_------.....-.-- 89.4 ..... do ....... 2 Earth .... Fixed 4.... Timber cribs-....... 1894 14,747.14 White River lock............ 99.3 Princeton-.... 6 34.5 148.5 1.9 7.2 10.7 Clay ..... Stone masonry-..... 1878 58,709.94 White River Dam........... 99.2 ..... do-....... 6 Earth..... Fixed 4.... Timber cribs_ ______ 1895 17,285.64 Princeton lock--............ 108.6 Princeton-.... 3 34.9 148.4 1.5 7.3 9.5 Sand-..... Stone masonry...... 1878 51,577.84 Princeton Dam--........... 108.6 ..... do-....... 3 ....do. -- Fixed 4.. Timber cribs-......._ 1898 11,265.690 Grand River lock-------- .......... 129.2 Montello-..... 3 34.7 148.3 1.4 6.4 9.8 Clay .... Stone masonry-...... 1878 56,989.43 Grand River Dam_.......... 129.2 ..... do........ 3 Clay and Fixed 3 4 Timber cribs........ 1898 8,446.86 sand. Montello lock 2______........ 132.5 ..... do........ 35.3 137.0 3.8 4.8 5.7 Sand-..... Composite- ....... 1901 5 4,889.83 Montello Dam 2_____ 132.6 ..... do........ - Fixed 4.... Timber cribs........ 1933 56,772.55 ----- ~e Governor Bend lock 2_.... 156.7 Portage- ..... 6 35.0 137.0 3.8 67.0 5.2 .....do.. -.- Fixed...._ ...- _ do . ......... 1931 5 30,825.38 Governor Bend Dam 22 . .. 156.7 Fort Winnebago lock ...... 160.9 ..... ..... do........ do........ 6 2 34.7 137.0 6.4 5.8 5.6 C lay .... .. - - -- - - do_ ..... .... Composite- ......... ____ 1865 1936 (7) 521,515.46 w Portage lock 2__.... .. _.... 163.1 .....do........ 35.2 146.0 2.3 10.5 8.2 Sand-...... ------------ Concrete-.-......... 1928 179.604.83 1 Depth shown is on breast wall, which is controlling depth for upper pool. 4 Flash boards used. 2 Original structure built prior to assumption of control by the United States on b Partially rebuilt. Sept. 18, 1872. 6 Depth shown is on upper sill, which is controlling depth. a Provided with sluices. Unknown. ca 0t0 C r o© c- a H 1268 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Recommended modifications of project. Legislation authoriz- ing the abandonment of that part of the improvement of Wolf River above Fremont and the upper Fox River from the mouth of the Wolf to the Wisconsin River has been recommended in House Document 146, 67th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The wharf and landing facilities are, in general, adequate for the accommodation of existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys, discharge observations, and inspections and reports were con- ducted by hired labor at a cost of $9,469. The locks and dams were operated as required and the necessary repairs made to the struc- tures at a cost of $339,996. The total maintenance costs were $349,465. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the inactive portion of the project (upper river, 25 per- cent; lower, 83 percent). Twenty-two original locks and 9 original dams have been rebuilt; 5 additional locks and dams have been built by the United States. (See existing project for year of com- pletion of each.) The structures and the dredging in pools have in- creased the original depths generally about 2 feet. The con- trolling depths at standard low water at the close of the fiscal year were as follows: Fox River: De Pere to mouth of Wolf River_______ _____ _ 6. 0 Thence to Eureka lock____________________________________ 3.2 Wolf River: Mouth to 1 mile below Partridge Crop Lake__________________ 3. 5 Thence to New London__________________________________ 2.0 Harbors on Lake Winnebago ______________________________ 1.0-3.0 The practicable drafts of vessel are about one-half foot less than the controlling depths which prevail throughout the year except when the rivers are frozen, usually from December 1 to April 1. As commerce no longer existed on the upper Fox River from the Wolf River to the Wisconsin River, Federal expenditures for con- tinuing the operation of the nine locks on this portion of the proj- ect were no longer justified. Accordingly the operation of these structures was discontinued in July 1951. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is the inactive portion of the project. It comprises dredging in the upper Fox River and the upper portion of the Wolf River and rock removal and deepening Neenah Channel on lower Fox River; which are no longer con- sidered necessary. Except for Menasha lock, which should be rebuilt, the existing locks and dams are in generally fair to good condition. The costs under the existing project were $871,724 for new work and $6,506,806 for operation and maintenance, a total of $7,378,530. In addition, the sum of $3,795,496 (includ- ing $89,309 under previous projects) was expended between July 5, 1884, and June 30, 1935, on the operating and care of the works of improvement under the provision of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1269 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ............--.. Appropriated....-------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------ $4,111,634 Cost------ ------------------------------------------------------------ 4,111,634 Maintenance: Appropriated-----.....--.. $265,900 $242,500 $221,000 $250,100 $273,300 10,302, 655 Cost---------------- 287,861 249,661 209,384 2 184,821 349,465 10,302,302 I Includes $3,239,910 for new work and $89,309 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year minus pending adjustments of $1,477 for fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ----------------- (3) 3 Does not include inactive portion of the project estimated to cost $2,886,000. 4. STURGEON BAY AND LAKE MICHIGAN SHIP CANAL, WIS. Location. This improvement is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 52 miles northeasterly from Green Bay and about 128 miles northerly from Milwaukee. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 728.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873, and June 14, 1880. The United States assumed possession of the canal April 25, 1893, as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892. The original project for the canal was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, modified by River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. For further details, see page 1935 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1441 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer harbor or stilling basin protected by two converging breakwaters, each 1,344 feet in length, extending from the shore on either side of the easterly or Lake Michigan end of the canal; for a revetted canal 7,200 feet in length, varying in width from 160 to 250 feet; for a channel 23 feet deep in rock cut, extending from that depth in Lake Michigan to about 800 feet west of the east entrance of the revetted canal, a length of about 0.6 mile; thence a channel 22 feet deep through an additional 6,400 feet of revetted canal and through Sturgeon Bay to the vicinity of Sherwood Point, a length of about 8 miles, the total length of channel being about 8.6 miles; the width of channel being 600 feet in Lake Michigan, reducing to 200 feet through the harbor and 130 to 220 feet through the revetted canal, thence 250 feet through Sturgeon Bay to a point 5,400 feet north- west of the railroad bridge in the city of Sturgeon Bay and thence 500 feet to the vicinity of Sherwood Point; for a turning basin 20 feet deep, on the southwesterly side of the channel, southeasterly of the highway bridge, between the city and the Bushman wharves; and that the turning basin immediately west of the revetted canal be eliminated from the project. The breakwaters are formed of stone-filled piling and timber cribs and have been provided with concrete superstructures; the revetments are formed of timber 1270 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 and steel piling, 886 feet having been provided with concrete super- structure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $736,303, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents M ar. 3, 1873 Breakwaters 1_._____-__.. _. . .. - .- . - ..- - .-- __.-- H. Ex. Doec. 34, 42d Cong., 2d sess, Annual Report, 1872, p. 171. July 13, 1892 Acquisition of the canal______..._________._____--_... H. Ex. Doc. 106, 49th Cong., 2d sess. June 13, 1902 Canal revetments and consolidation of the canal and H. Doe. 117, 56th Cong., 2d sess. harbor works. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of the channels and elimi- Rivers and Harbors 'Committee 2 nation of turning basin immediately west of the Doc. 9, 74th Cong., 1st sess. revetted canal. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Turning basin between the city and the Bushman H. Doec. 421, 78th Cong., 2d sess. wharves. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. As the canal and connecting channel is a through waterway, the only terminal facilities are in the city of Sturgeon Bay, 4 miles from the west end of the revetted portion of the canal. These facilities consist of 4 coal wharves, 4 ship- building yards, and 1 package-freight wharf. The city of Sturgeon Bay has provided a public wharf. There is also a large inactive stone wharf located about 5 miles northwesterly from the city of Sturgeon Bay. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $6,773. Preliminary engineering in con- nection with the reconstruction of approximately 3,000 linear feet of south revetment was made at a cost of $5,188. Preliminary engineering in connection with the reconstruction of 485 linear feet of south revetment was made at a cost of $4,288. The United States dipper dredge Kewaunee, during the period July 1 to August 17, 1955, removed 96,585 cubic yards of material at a cost of $57,126. Total maintenance costs were $73,375. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1946. The breakwaters were completed in 1880, and the canal revetments in 1903. Dredging and rock removal at the easterly entrance to the canal and dredging in the westerly section of the canal, to existing project depth, were commenced in May RIVERS AND HARBORS--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1271 1940 and completed in September 1940. Deepening and widening the middle section of the canal to existing project depth and width was commenced in May 1942 and completed in August 1942. Dredging of the turning basin was commenced in June 1946 and completed in July 1946. The breakwaters are in good condition. The canal revetments require repairs and backfilling. The con- trolling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 20 feet in the canal and 18.7 feet in the turning basin. The costs under existing project were $736,303 for new work and $1,997,516 for maintenance, a total of $2,733,819. In addition, the sum of $425,259.17 (including $189,319.35 under previous proj- ects) was expended between April 25, 1893, and June 30, 1917, on the operating and care of the works of improvement under the pro- vision of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such pur- poses. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .. ----------------------------------------------- ------------ $1,059,722 Cost------ ----------------------------------------------------------- 1,059,722 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ $4,000 $168,300 $68,500 $59,900 $145,300 2,524,755 Cost----------------- 5,452 131,838 60,369 2 105,194 73,375 2,453,186 1 Includes $?23,41 ) for new work and $219,730 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operation and results during fiscal year $105,183 plus pending adjustment of $11 for fiscal year 1954 5. KEWAUNEE HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 105 miles northerly from Milwaukee and about 78 miles from Green Bay, via Sturgeon Bay Canal. The harbor is at the mouth of the Kewaunee River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 73.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. For further details, see page 1936 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1447 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a converging north break- water and shore connection about 3,130 feet long, removal of about 1,400 feet of the total length of about 1,850 feet of the north pier, a south pier about 1,850 feet long, an entrance channel, about 2,800 feet long and 20 feet deep, leading to an interior turning basin of the same depth, the entrance channel to have a general width, of 505 feet for a distance of about 1,500 feet through the outer basin, decreasing thence to about 156 feet between the piers to the turn- ing basin; also for removal of the outer south shoal to a depth of 22 feet. The parallel piers are formed of stone-filled piling and are capped with concrete superstructure, except for 216 feet of the south pier which consists of steel sheet piling. The north break- water is formed of concrete caissons and the north-shore connec- tion is a rubble mound. 1272 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevaling at the time. The cost of the completed" portion of the project is $492,057, exclusive of the amount expended on previous projects. The August 30, 1935, River and Harbor Act portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foreging cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $668,000. The latest (1955) approved esti- mate of annual maintenance is $94,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1881 Entrance piers 1-_ ---------------------------------- Annual Report, 1881, p. 2082. June 25, 1910 Turning basin -_ __------------------------------H. Dooc. 324, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 19352 North breakwater, removal of old north pier, widen- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing and deepening entrance channel and turning Doc. 43, 72d Cong., 1st sess.* (4) basin to 20 feet, and removal of outer south shoal. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Included in the emergency relief program, May 28, 1935. 2 Contains latest published map. 4 Inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Besides two car ferry slips, there is a coal wharf, a grain wharf, a shipbuilding yard, and several fishing wharves. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Total rehabilitation maintenance costs were $157. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the inactive portion of the project which consists of re- moval of the outer shoal and an additional 700 linear feet of the north pier; widening of the inner 700 feet of the channel through the outer basin, and closing the gap in the north-shore connection, all of which is not considered necessary under present conditions. The piers were completed in 1897 and are in generally good condi- tion except that the south pier requires repairs. Construction of the north breakwater and shore connection, except for a gap of 150 feet above 830 feet from the shoreward end, and the removal of the outer 706.5 linear feet of the north pier were commenced in September 1935 and completed in June 1937. Dredging the entrance channel and interior basin, to existing project depth, was commenced in April 1938 and completed in October 1938. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 20 feet or more in the entrance channel, and 20 feet be- tween the piers and over an area 500by 500 feet in the turning basin. The Kewaunee River is navigable for a distance of about RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1273 612 miles above the mouth for craft drawing not more than 4 feet. The costs under the existing project were as follows: New work Maintenance Total ------------------------------------- Regular funds.... $72,057 $449, 142 $521,199 Emergency relief funds ...------------------------------- 420,000 ---------------- 420,000 Total ....--------------------------------------- 492,057 449,142 941,199 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ... ------------ ------------------------ ------------ ------------ $641,369 Cost_-------- ------------------------------------------------ ------------ 641,369 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... $1,500 $9,000 $1,350 $64,500 $59,871 2 597,249 Cost----------------- 2,312 6,820 3,444 64,505 157 537,506 1 Includes $149,312 for new work and $88,364 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 The unexpended balance in the amount of $59,743 will be expended in fiscal year 1957 for steel piling ordered in fiscal year 1956. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project- ------------------ 0 (3) 3 Does not include the inactive portion of the project estimated to cost $14,300. 6. TWO RIVERS HARBOR, WIS. Location. This harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 82 miles northerly from Milwaukee and about 101 miles from Green Bay via Sturgeon Bay Canal. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 73.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871. For further details, see page 1936 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1450 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for two entrance piers at the mouth of Twin Rivers, 245 feet apart at the outer ends and 750 feet apart at the shore line, having lengths of about 1,642 feet and 1,720 feet for the north and south piers, respectively; for a channel 2,600 feet long and 18 feet deep extending from that depth in the lake to an inner basin of the same depth at the confluence of the East and West Twin Rivers, the channel varying in width from 500 feet at the outer end to 200 feet between the piers; for a revet- ment about 450 feet long on the north side at the inner end of the channel and for a small stilling basin beyond the shoreline on the north side of the channel. The piers are formed of stone-filled tim- ber cribs and piling, and have been provided with concrete super- structure; the pile revetment on north side of channel is also pro- vided with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/ feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time, 1274 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The cost of the completed portion of the project is $74,722, ex- clusive of the amount expended on previous projects. The August 30, 1935, River and Harbor Act portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $14,300. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $56,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1871 South pier, 750 feet of north pier, and about 44 feet of Annual Report, 1871, p. 123 (as north revetment.x modified by the Chief of Engi- neers Feb. 27, 1897). Mar. 2, 1907 Remainder of north pier and stilling basin..---------...... H. Doc. 740, 59th Cong., 1st sess. (Modification of plan A.) Aug. 30, 19353 Deepening entrance channel and inner basin to 18 Rivers and Harbors Committee feet. Doc. 25, 73d Cong., 2d sess.2 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. 8Inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of a coal wharf and several fishing wharves. The city has provided a wharf for public use. T hese facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Recommended modification of project. The Chief of Engineers in House Document 362, 84th Congress, 2d Session, recommends that the existing project for Two Rivers Harbor, Wis., be modified as follows: Part A, extension of the navigation channel in the West Twin River for a distance of 300 feet with a depth of 18 feet, and Part B, extension of a navigation channel in the East Twin River from the upper limit of the existing project to 22nd Street bridge at a width of 100 feet and depth of 10 feet. The estimated first cost for this modification as contained in the document is $66,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,353. The United States dipper dredge Kewaunee, during the period April 17, to May 11, 1956, and June 16-25, 1956, removed 71,570 cubic yards of material at a cost of $42,745. Total maintenance costs were $44,098. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- plete except for the inactive portion of the project which consists of dredging a 10-foot width along each side of the lakeward por- tion of the entrance channel between the piers. This dredging was omitted to avoid removal of necessary riprap along the en- trance piers. The present width of channel is considered adequate for present and reasonably prospective commerce. The south pier was completed in 1883 and is in generally good condition. The north pier was completed in 1908. The north revetment, completed in 1917, is in need of repair. Dredging of the entrance channel and inner basin to existing project depth was commenced in March 1937 and substantially completed in May 1937. The controlling depth at low water datum was 17.8 feet in the channel RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1275 between the piers and 18.0 feet in the inner basin. East and West Twin Rivers are navigable for about 3 and 7 miles, respectively, from the harbor piers for craft drawing not more than 4 feet. The costs under the existing project were $74,722 for new work and $849,697 for maintenance, a total of $924,419. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated..... ------------------------------------------------------------ $287,579 Cost-._._.--------- 287,579 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $4,800 $77,000 $38,200 $26,000 $47,000 885,712 Cost----------------- 5,590 79,401 35,895 226,000 44,098 882,810 1Includes $212,857 for new work and,$33,113 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $25,813 plus pending adjustment of $187 for fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------- (3) a Does not include the inactive portion of the project estimated to cost $14,300. 7. MANITOWOC HARBOR, WIS. Location. This harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distance about 79 miles northerly from Milwaukee and about 106 miles from Green Bay via Sturgeon Bay Canal. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 735.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted in 1854, the first appropriation for the improvement having been made by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852. The project was modified by subsequent River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, June 3, 1896, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1937 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1453 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer harbor or stilling basin formed by two breakwaters extending from the shore on either side of the mouth of the Manitowoc River 425 feet apart at their outer ends and diverging to a distance of about 2,325 feet apart at their inner ends, having lengths of 2,540 feet and 2,290 feet for the north and south breakwaters, respectively; for a channel 21 feet deep, extending from that depth in the lake through the outer harbor to the mouth of the river, a total length of about 2,500 feet, with a width of about 650 feet; for a channel 21 feet deep in Manitowoc River from the river mouth to the second rail- way bridge, a distance of approximately 1.7 miles, with widths of 180 feet at the mouth, reducing to 150 feet at the upper end, with intermediate reductions and enlargements; for removal of old north stub pier at the river entrance; and for dredging in the outer harbor an approach channel 21 feet deep to a proposed city ter- minal on the lake front south of the shore end of the south break- water. The breakwaters are formed of stone-filled timber cribs, concrete caissons, and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructures. 1276 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of the completed portion of the project is $436,752, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The August 26, 1937 River and Harbor Act portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $292,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $43,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 Breakwaters__--___ __ ___---____-- ---- --- __ H. Doc. 62, 50th Cong., 1st sess., as modified by Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 3, 58th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19351 Presetn project dimensions of channel through outer Rivers and Harbors Committee basin, removal of old north stub pier, and approach Doc. 39, 73d Cong., 2d sess. channel to a proposed city terminal south of shore end of the south breakwater. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel in the river--....--------- --------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc.80, 74th Cong., 2d sess. (con- tains latest published map). 1 Inactive. Local cooperation. The act of August 30, 1935, provided that the work of dredging an approach channel to the proposed city terminal in the outer harbor "shall not be undertaken until local interests shall have submitted assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of War that such terminal will be constructed." The plan for the municipal terminal has been abandoned. All other require- ments have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 3 car ferry slips, 2 grain eleva- tors, 2 shipbuilding yards, and several wharves used for handling coal, building materials, cement, and miscellaneous commodities. While these facilities are considered fairly adequate for existing commerce, it is believed the city should provide a suitable wharf with warehouse and railway connection, which should be open to the general public. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and use of Government plant at a cost of $2,165. The United States dipper dredge Kewaunee, during the period April 2 to 16, 1956, removed 38,925 cubic yards of material at a cost of $17,769. Total maintenance costs were $19,934. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- plete except for the inactive portion of the project which consists of dredging the approach channel in the outer harbor, which is not now desired by local interests. The breakwaters completed in 1910 are in generally good condition except at the outer ends RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1277 which require repairs. The dredging of the channel through the outer basin to existing project depth, and the removal of a portion of the old north stub pier at the river entrance were commenced in May 1937 and completed in December 1937. Dredging of the river channel was commenced in June 1939 and completed in July 1942. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 20.0 feet in the channel through the outer basin and 19.0 feet in the river to the second railway bridge. The costs under the existing project were $436,752 for new work and $860,478 for maintenance, a total of $1,297,230. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ......-------------------------------------.................................-------------- Appropriated------ $836,878 Cost---------- --------------------------------------------------------- 836,878 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-------... $11,500 $19,750 $31,400 $600 $19,600 914,840 Cost----------------- 17,412 3,017 40,576 26,609 19,934 914,766 1Includes $400,126 for new work and $54,288 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Operations and results during fiscal year $2,447 plus pending adjustment of $4,162 for fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ (3) 8 Does not include the inactive portion of the project estimated to cost $292,000. 8. SHEBOYGAN HARBOR, WIS. Location. The harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 26 miles south from Manitowoc and about 55 miles north of Milwaukee. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 735). Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873, March 3, 1881, August 18, 1894, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1937 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1456 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer harbor or stilling basin formed by a breakwater extending from the shore about 2,100 feet north of the remaining 456 feet of the pier and revet- ment on the north side of the channel at the mouth of the Sheboy- gan River for a total length of 3,829 feet, and a south pier 2,750 feet long extending into the lake about normal to the shore on the south side of the mouth of the river, and for a turning basin 900 feet wide and 20 feet deep in the outer harbor with an entrance channel about 3,500 feet long through the south side of the basin, the depth being 25 feet from the lakeward end to a point 500 feet shoreward of the end of the north breakwater, decreasing to 21 feet in the next 300 feet and continuing at the latter depth to the inner end of the improved channel, the widths to be 400 feet at the lakeward end and 500 feet through the turning basin, decreasing 1278 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 to 200 feet at the river mouth. The north breakwater is formed of stone-filled timber cribs, concrete caissons, and piling, all of which is capped with concrete superstructure. The south pier and north stub pier and revetment are formed of timber cribs and piling, all of which have also been provided with concrete super- structure. The recent authorization adds the following: Provide for a width of 450 feet at the lakeward end of the entrance chan- nel, extension of the 25-foot channel to a point 700 feet shoreward of the outer end of the north breakwater, depths decreasing from 25 to 21 feet in a farther shoreward distance of 300 feet, extension of the 21-foot project channel upstream to the south side of Mary- land Avenue with a general width of about 165 feet and maximum width of 370 feet, and a channel 15 feet deep with general width of 100 feet, extending from the south side of Maryland Avenue to the north side of Jefferson Avenue, with no dredging to be done by the Federal Government within 25 feet of any wharf or bulkhead. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/ feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated cost of new work in (1956) was $675,000, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $103,000. The existing project was authorized by the folowing River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 North breakwater..........---------------------------- H. Doc. 62, 59th Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21, 1927 Preserving south pier as part of project, providing II. Doc. 475, 68th Cong., 2d sess. turning basin, and elimination of proposed south breakwater. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of channel_.- ------ _ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 47, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 3, 1954 Widen and deepen the outer harbor entrance channel H. Doc. 554, 82d Cong., 2d sess. to 450 feet, widen and deepen the river channel from (contains latest published map). present project limit to north side of Jefferson Ave. Local cooperation. The act of September 3, 1954, provides that no dredging in the inner harbor shall be accomplished until local interests agree to (a) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvement, and (b) make available an adequate area to locate the transfer facilities required for unloading bulk-petroleum carriers. Local interests were notified of the required conditions on September 7, 1955, and requested to furnish assurances. The City Council of Sheboygan by special resolution on February 18, 1956, assured the Government that they would hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improvement; and the Wisconsin Oil Refinery Company has as- RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1279 sured that an adequate area will be made available for unloading bulk-petroleum carriers. Both of the above assurances were ac- cepted on March 1, 1956. Terminal facilities. These consist of four wharves used for handling coal, building material, fish, and miscellaneous commodi- ties. The city has provided a public wharf. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Prep- aration of plans and specifications at a cost of $3,018, and dredg- ing by hired labor with the United States dipper dredge Kewaunee at a cost of $6,092, a total of $9,110 was accomplished. Maintenance: Condition surveys were made at a cost of $2,170. The United States dipper dredge Kewaunee, during the period May 27, to June 15, 1956, removed 48,275 cubic yards of material at a cost of $23,635. Total maintenance costs were $25,805. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project except for the modification authorized by the act of September 3, 1954, was completed in 1938. The south pier was completed in 1904. Con- struction of the north breakwater was commenced in October 1913 and completed in October 1915. Dredging of the turning basin was commenced in October 1928 and completed in September 1931. Dredging of the entrance channel to existing project depth was commenced in June 1938 and completed in July 1938. The piers and breakwaters are in generally good condition except that the concrete superstructure on the north shore connection is disinte- grating and requires repairs. The inner 260 feet of the south pier has been replaced with a revetment by private interests under permit granted July 16, 1931, by the Secretary of War. The pier is therefore maintained only for a length of about 2,490 feet. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 24.7 feet in the entrance channel and 20.0 feet in the basin and channel between the piers. Sheboygan River is navi- gable for a distance of about 2.4 miles above its mouth for craft drawing not more than 2 feet. The costs under the existing proj- ect were $455,881 for new work and $843,078 for maintenance, a total of $1,298,959. 1280 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, It. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New york: Appropriated........ ----------------------------- ------ ------------ $218,000 $1,152,588 Cost-------------------------------- ------------------------ 9,110 943,698 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ $24,500 $18,450 $28,750 $18,000 26,500 930,904 Cost----------------- 19,484 15,592 30,670 218,012 25,805 930,209 1 Includes $487,817 for new work and $87,131 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operation and results during fiscal year $18,011 plus pending adjustment of $1 for fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $208,890 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-- _______ _ _______ __----------- 208, 890 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__ _______--_------------- 10, 000 9. PORT WASHINGTON HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 53 miles south from Manitowoc and about 29 miles north from Mil- waukee. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 74.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870, and was modified by the River and Harbor Act of August 14,'1876. For further details, see page 1938 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1459 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a north breakwater and shore connection approximately 2,537 feet long, extending from the shore about 1,350 feet north of the remaining 125 feet of the old north pier; removal of 650 feet of the north pier; for extend- ing a privately owned south breakwater about 456 feet into the lake to form an entrance about 350 feet in width, and for an outer turning basin 750 feet wide and 21 feet deep with an entrance channel about 2,400 feet long and 21 feet deep through the south side of the basin, the width being 110 feet at the inner end of the north pier and about 275 feet at the harbor entrance, leading to two interiors basins 18 feet deep, the west basin being 140 feet wide and 490 feet long and the north basin 190 feet wide and 750 feet long. The north breakwater is formed of concrete caissons and the shore connection of interlocking steel-sheet piling of the cellular and single-wall type. The south breakwater is formed of concrete caissons and rubble mound. The north stub pier is formed of stone-filled steel-sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 1 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1281 The cost for new work for the completed project was $810,709, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 North pier and south basin 1 _____ __ H. Ex. Doc. 28, 41st Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1879, p. 119. Aug. 14, 1876 North basin 1______________________________________ Annual Report, 1876, pt. 2, p. 379. Aug. 30, 19352 North Breakwater, removal of 650 feet of north pier, H. Doc. 168, 72d Cong., 1st sess., outer turning basin, present project dimensions and Rivers and Harbors Com- of channel and basin and extension of south break- mittee Doc. 41, 74th Cong., 1st water. sess. 8 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Work recommended in H. Doc. 168, 72d Cong., 1st sess., included in Pblic Works Administration pro- gram, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. Recommended modification of project. The Chief of Engineers in House Document 446, 83d Congress, 2d session, recommends, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation, modifications of the existing project to provide for extending the lakeward end of existing north breakwater 1,280 feet, increasing the top elevation of the north caisson breakwater to 10 feet above low water datum and placing rubble on its lakeward and harbor sides; removing about 392 feet of caissons and 64 feet of rubble mound in the exist- ing south breakwater to a depth of 24 feet below low water datum; enlarging the outer basin by deepening an additional 150 feet landward of existing basin to 21 feet below low water datum; and relocating channel lines to correspond with the improvements. The estimated first cost for this modification as contained in the document is $2,515,000, with an increase in annual maintenance of $2,000. Local cooperation,. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two coal and building-material wharves and several fishing wharves. The city has provided a wharf which is open to public use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. No work was per- formed. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1936. Construction of the north breakwater and the re- moval of the outer portion of the north pier were commenced in April 1934 and completed in December 1934. Dredging of the en- trance channel, outer turning basin, and the interior basins to ex- isting project depth, was commenced in July 1934 and completed in December 1934. Construction of the south breakwater was commenced in July 1936 and completed in October 1936. The breakwaters and the north stub pier are in good condition. The original south pier, completed in 1893, was entirely removed in 1932 by private interests under permit granted October 25, 1930, by Secretary of War and replaced with coal wharf. A south rubble- 1282 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 mound breakwater about 500 feet long was constructed in 1934 by private interests as an extension of their coal wharf in accord- ance with local cooperation requirements of House Document 168, 72d Congress, 1st session. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21.0 feet in the Govern- ment entrance channel and 17.9 feet in the turning basin. The in- terior basins had a controlling depth of 14.5 feet. The area between the south line of the Government entrance channel and the harbor face of the private coal wharf, which is maintained by private interests, had a controlling depth of 19.2 feet. The costs under the existing project were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds_------------------------------------- $207,714 $254,206 $461,920 Public Works funds .-----...... 602,---------------------------- 602,995 Total ---------------------------------------- 810,709 254,206 1,064,915 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Appropriated.......... $999, 204 Cost..........-------------------------------------------------------- ------------ 999,204 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ $14,000 $1,000 $20,850 $2,500 -$313 269,328 Cost ......- 14,258 359 19,782 4,028 _--------- 269,328 1 Includes $188,495 for new work and $15,123 for maintenance for previous projects. 10. MILWAUKEE HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 85 miles northerly from Chicago and about 83 miles west of Grand Haven, Mich. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 743.) Previous projects. The original project for improvement of Milwaukee Harbor was adopted by act of March 3, 1843, and modi- fied by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, April 10, 1869, and March 3, 1899. The original project of the harbor of refuge was adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. The proj- ect of June 13, 1902, consolidating the harbor and harbor of refuge was modified by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905. For further details, see page 1938 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1462 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a north breakwater 9,954 feet long and a south breakwater of 9,671 feet, more or less, in length extending to the shore, thereby forming a protected basin in which is being developed a commercial harbor by the city of Mil- waukee, the width of entrance between the 2 breakwaters being about 500 feet. It further provides for the protection of the river mouth by 2 piers, 358 feet apart at the outer ends and 552 feet apart at the shoreline, 1,656 and 1,608 feet in length for the north RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1283 and south piers, respectively; for a channel 21 feet deep, extending from that depth in the lake to the mouth of the river, a total length of about 2,850 feet, the width of channel outside the piers to be 600 feet; for dredging channels 21 feet deep in the rivers from the inner ends of the entrance piers to the North Humboldt Avenue Bridge on the Milwaukee River, to a point 100 feet west of the west line of North 25th Street extended, on the Menomonee River and to the South Kinnickinnic Avenue Bridge on the Kinnickinnic River; for dredging to 21 feet a portion of the outer harbor be- tween East Wisconsin Avenue extended and East Bay Street ex- tended and easterly of a line 50 feet lakeward of the pier head line; and the abandonment of so much of the previous project as related to dredging inside the shoreline for the formation of turning basins and widening channels. The breakwaters are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and concrete caissons, all of which are capped with concrete superstructures. The inner entrance piers are formed of concrete caissons, stone-filled timber cribs, and piling and are also provided with concrete superstructures. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctua- tions of temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $4,980,000, exclu- sive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $598,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1852 North pier 1-__ _- _ ______ __ _______-_________ S. Doe. 175, 25th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3, 1883 Inner 7,600 feet of noth breakwater 1 _ _----- __ ___ Annual Report, 1881, p. 2122. Mar. 2, 1907 South:pier. Extending north breakwater 1,000 feet.._ Annual Report, 1906, p. 1752. (No prior survey or estimate affecting the breakwater extension.) Sept. 22, 1922 Extending north breakwater, for a south breakwater, H. Doc. 804, 66th Cong., 2d sess. for present project dimensions of the inner entrance channel. Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging a portion of the outer harbor to 21-foot H. Doe. 289, 72d Cong., 1st sess. depth. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Dredging river channels to 21-foot depth---------- S. Doc. 29, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of August 30, 1935, provided that the original dredging of the outer harbor area be done by the city of Milwaukee and the city of Milwaukee be reimbursed at actual cost but not to exceed 10 cents per cubic yard, place measurement, for original dredging done subsequent to the authorization of the work by Congress. Agreement covering the dredging was exe- cuted by the Secretary of War February 23, 1934, after this work was originally authorized as part of the Public Works program, 1284 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 All other requirements have been complied with. The act of March 2, 1945 required that no dredging shall be done by the United States until local interests have released the Govern- ment, in a manner satisfactory to the Secreaary of War, from all liability for damages to lands, revetments, structures, and suba- queous installations attributable to the dredging operations. Local interests were notified in April 1945, of the required conditions and requested to furnish assurances, that they will be met. The com- mon council of the city of Milwaukee, on October 15, 1945, adopted a resolution (No. 82734) releasing the Government from all lia- bility as required. This assurance was accepted and approved by the Secretary of War on April 8, 1946. Terminal facilities. There are 4 car ferry slips, and 56 other wharves, private and municipal, used for the handling of coal, grain, building materials, cement, petroleum products, and miscel- laneous commodities. As the facilities in the inner harbor are con- sidered inadequate for existing commerce, the Milwaukee Harbor Commission is engaged in bulding an outer harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys and inspections were conducted by hired labor at a cost of $4,577. Work on the reconstruction of 800 feet of the north breakwater was performed by contract at a cost of $179,546. Dredging in the Milwaukee, Menomonee, and Kinnickinnic Rivers was completed by contract at a cost of $162,002. Prelimnary work was per- formed in connection with reconstruction of 400 feet of north breakwater at a cost of $7,929. Total maintenance costs were $354,054. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modifications of August 30, 1935, and March 2, 1945, was com- pleted in 1934. No work has been done on deepening the outer harbor area to 21 feet north of the inner entrance piers, nor on the last modification of the project providing for dredging the river channels to 21 feet deep. The north breakwater was completed for a length of 8,210 feet in 1909. Construction of 1,744 feet in extension of the north breakwater was commenced in May 1924 and completed in August 1925, making the total length 9,954 feet. The north pier was completed in 1905 and construction of the south pier was commenced in April 1909 and completed in Novem- ber 1910. Construction of the south breakwater and shore con- nection was commenced in May 1925 and completed in October 1929, except for placing additional riprap and rebuilding about 756 feet of the breakwater damaged by a storm of October 22-23, 1929. Rebuilding the damaged section of the south breakwater and placing of additional riprap were commenced in April 1931 and completed in August 1932. Dredging for deepening and widening the entrance channel to existing project depth and width, was commenced in May 1929 and completed in September 1930. Placing additional small stone around the caisson breakwaters to chink the voids in the large riprap was commenced in 1930 and completed in 1934. Prior to the modification of August 30, 1955, the city of Milwaukee dredged the area in the outer harbor south RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1285 of the inner-entrance piers and lakeward of the pierhead line to more than 21 feet below datum without cost to the United States. The concrete superstructures and the timber crib sections of the north breakwater and the harbor piers are showing disintegration and require repairs. The south breakwater and shore connections are in generally good condition. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21 feet and more in the entrance channel through the outer basin and between the inner piers, 20 feet in the Milwaukee River to Water Street Bridge, 17 feet to Juneau Avenue Bridge and 19 feet to end of project, 18 feet in Kinnickinnic River to 100 feet upstream of Chicago and North Western Railway bridge, 19 feet to Kinnickinnic Avenue Bridge and 19 feet in the Menomonee River to the 16th Street Bridge, thence 18 feet to upper end of project. The costs under the existing project were $4,537,812 for new work, $2,297,762 for maintenance, a total of $6,835,574. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..-------- ...-------------...---------- ----...------ ..------------ $5,831,032 Cost-------- ---------------------------------------------------------- 5,831,032 Maintenance: Appropriated..-------_$41,500 $303,900 $78,150 $574,210 $233,200 3,160,186 Cost----------------- 39,108 170,782 198,706 262,217 354,054 2,757,067 21Includes $1,293,220 for new work and $459,305 maintenance for previous projects. Operations and results during fiscal year $62,795, minus pending adjustment of $578 for fiscal year. 1954 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_- $130, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _________-_______ __ ____-- 130, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------------------- 312, 188 11. RACINE HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 26 miles southerly from Milwaukee and about 64 miles northerly from Chicago. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 745.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the citizens of Racine about 1842 or 1843. The citizens' project was modified by acts of June 23, 1866, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1939 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1465 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a north breakwater 2,640 feet long extending from shore at a point about 1,350 feet north of the remaining 180 feet of pier on the north side of the channel at the mouth of Root River, and for a south breakwater 2,652 feet long extending from the city rubble mound about 1,650 feet south of the remaining 22.5 feet of pier on the south side of the channel at the mouth of the river. It further provides for a channel, through the outer basin, 23 feet deep from that depth in the lake to 1286 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 a point about 400 feet inside the entrance, thence 21 feet to a point about 750 feet westward of the outer end of the north stub pier, with widths of 350 feet at the entrance, increasing to 1,000 feet through the outer harbor and decreasing to 190 feet in the river to a point about 750 feet Westward of the outer end of the north stub pier, the total length of channel being about 2,300 feet; thence a channel 19 feet deep in Root River to a point about 195 feet below the north line of Bridge Street extended, a distance of about 2,900 feet, with widths of 190 feet at the lower end reducing to 95 feet at the upper end, with intermediate reductions and enlargements; and removal of shoals about one-half mile lakeward of the harbor entrance to a minimum depth of 25 feet. The breakwaters and south stub pier are formed of stone-filled timber cribs, concrete caissons, and piling, all being capped with concrete superstruc- tures. The north stub pier is formed of stone-filled steel-sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for project as completed was $777,775, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects and ex- clusive of inner 300 linear feet of pile pier and 450 linear feet of rubble mound, originally part of south breakwater but no longer considered necessary. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $84,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 Breakwaters. Doc. 62, 59th Cong., 1st sess., June 25, 1910 Breakater ----------------------------- --- and Annual Report, 1909, p. 1973. Aug. 26, 1937 Removal of shoals lakeward of harbor entrance, en- Rivers and Harbors Committee largement of 19-foot channel through outer basin Doc. 46, 76th Cong., 1st sess. and 10-foot channel in river. Mar. 2, 1945 Present project dimensions of channel through outer H. Doc. 816, 77th Cong., 2d sess., basin and in river, and H. Doc. 255, 78th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published maps). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of eight wharves used for handling of coal and fish. The city has provided a public wharf with warehouse. Operations and results during fiscal year. No work was per- formed. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was sub- stantially completed in 1946. Construction of the north break- water and shore connection was completed in November 1918. Re- moval of the old north pier was completed in 1913. Construction of the south breakwater and shore connection and the removal of RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1287 the old south pier were commenced in June 1916, and completed in December 1924. Removal of the outer shoals widening and deepening the channel through the outer basin to existing project depth and width, and dredging of the river channel were com- menced in July 1946, and completed in November 1946. The con- crete superstructure on north breakwater and shore connection is disintegrating and requires repairs. The south breakwater and shore connection and stub piers are in generally good condition. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 23 feet or more in the entrance channel, 20 feet through the outer basin and for a distance of about 400 feet in the river, thence 17 feet to State Street Bridge and 16 feet to upper limits of project. The costs under the existing project were $777,775 for new work and $661,672 for maintenance, a total of $1,439,447. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 _Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- Cost-------- ------------ ------------ ---------- ------------ ---------------------------------------------------------- ------------ $1,205,015 1,205,015 Maintenance: Appropriated-....... $8,000 $18,500 $8,200 $1,000 -$277 741,209 Cost----------------- 9,281 19,191 7,172 1,193 .-------..-.- 741,209 1 Includes $427,240 for new work and $79,537 for maintenance for previous projects. 12. KENOSHA HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan distant about 35 miles southerly from Milwaukee and about 54 miles northerly from Chicago. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 74.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, September 19, 1890, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1939 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1468 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a detached breakwater 796 feet long, and for 2 parallel piers about 250 feet apart, 1,077 feet and 1,872 feet in length for the north and south piers, respectively. It further provides for an entrance channel 200 feet wide and 21 feet deep, from that depth in the lake a distance of 2,750 feet to an interior basin 21 feet deep; and for a channel 21 feet deep and generally 70 feet wide, extending 475 feet northwesterly from the northwest corner of the interior basin to within 35 feet of the 50th Street Bridge. The breakwater is formed of stone-filled timber cribs; the piers are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and pilings. The entire north pier, 1,175 feet of the south pier, and the entire breakwater are capped with concrete superstructure. The inner 697 feet-of the south pier has been provided with a steel sheet pile face. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York, The 1288 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $79,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and excluding $3,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $80,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Parallel piers and 600 feet of breakwater 1__ _--- _ H. Doe. 328, 54th Cong., 2d sess.; Annual Report, 1897, p. 2772; H. Doc. 164, 55th Cong., 3d sess., Annual Report, 1899, p. 2817. Mar. 2, 1907 Extending breakwater 200 feet ..... ------ -_H. Doc. 62, 59th Cong., 1st sess., and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doec. 3, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of entrance channel and Rivers and Harbors Committee basin. Doe. 19, 74th Cong., 1st sess. May 17, 1950 Channel northwesterly from basin--------- ---_ __ H. Doe. 750, 80th Cong., 2d sess.3 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Included in the emergency relief program May 28, 1835. $ Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of May 17, 1950, provided that local interests shall furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the initial construction and future main- tenance dredging operations, and contribute $3,000 toward the cost of the improvement. Local interests were notified on July 19, 1950, of the required conditions and requested to furnish assur- ances that they will be met. Terminal facilities. There are four wharves used for handling coal, building materials, and miscellaneous commodities, and also several fishing wharves. While these facilities are considered generally adequate for existing commerce, more efficient use of existing terminals and utilization of available frontage for develop- ment of additional terminals should be made. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and use of Government plant at a cost of $856 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 87 percent complete. The project in effect prior to the modification of May 17, 1950, was completed in 1936. No work has been done on the last modification of the project providing for dredging of channel extension northwesterly from the basin. The north and south piers completed in 1900, and the breakwater in 1909, are in generally good condition. Dredging of the entrance channel and interior basin to existing project depth, was com- menced in October 1935 and completed in April 1936. The con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1289 trolling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21 feet in the entrance channel and the inner basin and 20 feet in the inner channel. The costs under the existing project were as follows: New work Maintenance Total ------------------------------------- Regular funds.................. $40, 554 $603,271 $643,825 Emergency relief funds--.......-------- ------------------- 27,658 ---------------- 27,658 Total ---------------------------------------- 68,212 603,271 671,483 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated - ------------.------------.------------------------ $522,051 .------------ Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 522,051 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $1, 500 $29, 400 $9,450 $500 $1, 200 625, 433 Cost ................. 2,060 29,481 8,946 1,014 856 625,089 1Includes $453,839 for new work and $21,818 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_--------------$10, 800 13. WAUKEGAN HARBOR, ILL. Location. This harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 51 miles south of Milwaukee and about 38 miles north of Chicago. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 74.) Previous project. An appropriation was made by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852, for a breakwater. This work was abandoned. The original project was adopted by River and Har- bor Act of June 14, 1880, and modified by River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882. For further details, see page 1940 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1508 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for: a. A northerly exterior breakwater, about 1,900 feet long ex- tending easterly from the shore 1,030 feet, and thence southeast- erly 870 feet to the outer end, forming a protected outer harbor. b. Parallel piers from the outer harbor to an inner basin, about 240 feet apart and 1,613 and 3,212 feet long for the north and south piers, respectively, the inshore end of the south pier diverging southward opposite the inner basin. c. An entrance channel 300 feet wide and 22 feet deep, extend- ing from that depth in the lake to the outer end of the north pier, reducing to a channel between piers 200 feet wide and 18 feet deep to the inner basin, an inner basin 18 feet deep, about 13 acres, pro- tected in the east side by a revetment 882 feet long, and an anchor- age area 8 feet deep, about 6 acres, in the southwest corner of the inner basin. 1290 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of the completed portion of the project is $536,758, exclusive of the amount expended on previous projects. The portion authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, is to be restudied. The latest (1955) estimate for this portion is $63,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000, on completion of the project. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 14, 1880 Parallel piers and basin 1- _____ __ __ ____ _ Annual Report, 1880, p. 1942. Aug. 2, 1882 Modified location of harbor entrance 1__-_ _ _ __ Annual Report, 1882, pp. 277, 2163. June 13, 1902 Detached breakwater, extension of piers, increasing H. Doc. 343, 56th Cong., 1st sess. width of harbor at inner end of north pier, and dredging channel and basin to existing project depth. July 3, 1930 Extension of breakwater to shore, dredging near the Rivers and Harbors Committee outer end of the north pier, and enlarging the inner Doc. 27, 71st Cong., 2d sess. basin. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Dredging an entrance channel to existing project H. Doc. 116, 77th Cong., 1st sess. dimensions from the outer end of the north pier to the project depth in the lake, and dredging an anchorage area in the southwest corner of the inner basin to the existing project depth. Abandonment of dredging the triangular area in the southwest corner of the inner basin to a depth of 18 feet. 1Completed under previous projects. 2Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of March 2, 1945, provided that dredging of the anchorage basin shall not be commenced until local interests furnish assurances to the Secretary of War that they will remove the abandoned water intake pipes; construct an adequate bulkhead in front of the city park and in front of the adjacent United States property; furnish free of cost to the United States, the land necessary for the anchorage area; release the United States from all claims for damages resulting from the improve- ment and provide and maintain adequate mooring facilities. Local interests were informed of requirements on July 1, 1946. Permit authorizing construction of the required bulkhead was issued by the Department of the Army on August 25, 1948, but construction of bulkhead and fulfillment of remaining require- ments has not been completed. Terminal facitities. There is 1 commercial dock which handles coal. In addition, there are 2 publicly owned docks, 1 which is owned by the city and is used for fishing, and the other is owned by the United States Government and used exclusively by the Corps of Engineers. The city dock is considered adequate for existing commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1291 Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and use of Government plant at a cost of $4,505. Work on the reconstruction of approximately 628 feet of east revetment and repairs to southeast end of breakwater was performed by hired labor and Government plant at a cost of $106,024. Total costs of maintenance were $110,529. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 92 per- cent complete. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging to provide an anchorage area in the southwest corner of the inner basin. The north pier (completed in 1904) is in fair condition except for about the west 475 ft. which requires repair. The south pier (completed in 1903) is in good condition. The outer 600 feet of breakwater (completed in 1904) and the shore-arm extension (completed in 1931). are in good condition. The controlling depths are 18.5 feet in the entrance channel to the outer end of the south pier, over a channel 250 feet wide measured from the south channel; and 18.0 feet in the remaining portion of the entrance channel and 17.5 feet in the inner basin except for shoals along edges of the channel. Depths are based on soundings taken in April 1956, and are referred to low water datum. The mean water level in June 1956, was 1.84 feet above datum. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $1,699,539, of which $536,758 were for new work and $1,162,781 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 19561 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated---------- -------------------------------------.......----------. $754,991 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 754,991 Maintenance: Appropriated ......-- $5,000 $26,800 $22,800 $9,500 $120,000 1,187,637 Cost----------------- 6,502 26,835 22,822 9,826 110,529 1,178,492 1Includes $218,233 for new work and $15,711 for previous projects. 2 Does not include the portion of the project to be restudied, estimated in 1955 to cost $63,000. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ------------------ appropriated for completion of existing project__ (2) 14. CHICAGO RIVER, ILL. Location. Cook and Lake Counties, Ill., the navigable portions being wholly in Cook County and the city of Chicago. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 752.) For description, see page 1467 of Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896, modified by acts of March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1942 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1513 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for maintenance dredging to 21 feet below the hydraulic grade line, corresponding to low water 1292 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 datum in Lake Michigan, of the main river from Rush Street to the junction of the North and South Branches (0.7 mile), the North Branch from the junction to North Avenue (2.22 miles), the North Branch Canal (1.04 miles), and the North Branch turning basin; the channels and turning basins to be maintained to project depth to within 20 feet of existing docks. It also provides for dredging a channel 9 feet deep to within 30 feet of existing bulkheads and river banks, from North Avenue to Belmont Avenue, thence 9 feet deep and 50 feet wide to Addison Street. The width of channel in the main river varies from 200 to 300 feet, in North Branch from 50 to 150 feet, and in North Branch Canal from 70 to 110 feet. All depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York, with due allow- ance for hydraulic grade resulting from the drainage canal. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in (1956) is $596,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $46,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 For project depth of 21 feet in lieu of that fixed by act Specified in act. of June 3, 1896. June 13, 1902 Turning basins- -- -------------- __..__.-__.--__ Do. Mar. 2, 1907 Interpreted by Chief of Engineers, Apr. 11, 1908, as H. Doec. 95, 56th Cong., 1st sess. adopting the new work of the then existing project (Annual Report, 1900, p. 3863, for 21-foot depth. and Annual Report, 1909, p. 709.) Mar. 2, 1919 Eliminated all work, except maintenance of the main H. Doc. 1294, 64th Cong., 1st sess. river, North Branch, North Branch Canal, and turning basin. 2 July 24, 1946 Dredging channel 9 feet deep to within 30 feet of ex- H. Doc. 767, 78th Cong., 2d sess. isting bulkheads and river banks from North Ave. to Belmont Ave., thence 9 feet deep and 50 feet wide to Addison St. 1The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1914, opposite p. 2928. 2 Contains latest published map of the North Branch above North Ave. Local cooperation. The act of July 24, 1946, provided that the improvement of the channel is subject to the condition that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages which may result from construction and maintenance of the improvement. The above requirement has not been com- plied with. Terminal facilities. There are 59 docks handling lake vessel and river barge cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are sand and gravel, coal, salt, cement, and petroleum products. There are 3 boatyards, 2 of which are used for servicing recrea- tional craft and 1 engaged in constructing and servicing small craft as well as small Navy vessels. The city of Chicago owns 2 docks which are not used for commercial purposes at this time. The United States Government has 2 docks which are used by the Corps of Engineers exclusively. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1293 Operations and results during fiscal year. No work was per- formed. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete except for the work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946. The controlling midchannel depths are as follows: In the main river, 21.0 feet; in the North Branch to the turning basin, 19.5 feet; in the North Avenue turning basin, 17.0 feet; North Avenue to Addison Street, 10.0 feet; and in the North Branch Canal, 17.4 feet. Depths are based upon soundings taken in June 1955, and are referred to low water datum. The water level in the Chicago River is controlled, the level being maintained at an elevation lower than that of Lake Michigan, except during exces- sive storm runoff into the river. The heads of navigation for deep-draft vessels are Belmont Avenue on the North Branch, and Leavitt Street on the west fork of the South Branch, 5.97 and 5.52 miles, respectively, from Michigan Avenue Bridge. The head of navigation for barge traffic is near Touhy Avenue on the North Shore Channel, about 11 miles from the Michigan Avenue Bridge. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1955, were $1,952,061 of which $544,679 were for new work and $1,407,382 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--- . -------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $1,500,565 Cost-------- ---------------------------------------------------------- 1,500,565 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- $10,000 $151,425 $10,500 $11,700 -$1,765 1,516,845 9,981 145,599 Cost-----------------............ 15,894 10,601 -215 1,516,845 1Includes $955,886 for new work and $109,463 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________-__- $51, 300 15. CHICAGO HARBOR, ILL. Location. Northeastern Illinois, near the southern end of Lake Michigan; 85 miles in a southerly direction from Milwaukee, Wis. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 752.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1833, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, March 2, 1867, July 1, 1868, and April 10, 1869. Work was continued under these projects until 1870. (For further de- tails, see p. 1941 of Annual Report for 1915, and p. 1510 of Annual Report for 1938.) Existing project. This provides for the following work: a. An inner breakwater, all of timber cribs, enclosing an inner basin of about 224 acres in extent, the breakwater being in 2 sec- tions, as follows: The main inner breakwater 4,036 feet long with 300 feet of shore return on north end; a southerly extension 2,550 feet long. 1294 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 b. An exterior breakwater enclosing an outer basin of about 970 acres in extent, the breakwater being in 3 sections, exclusive of gaps as follows: The shore extension at north end built of timber cribs and 2,250 feet long; the main exterior breakwater, built of timber cribs and 5,413 feet long; and the southerly extension, built of rubble mound and concrete caissons and 5,000 feet long, exclu- sive of the harbor entrance gap of 500 feet. c. Maintenance dredging to a depth of 21 feet of that part of the inner basin lying north of a line drawn eastwardly perpendi- cular to the eastern boundary of Grant Park, from the northern end of said boundary, and also of the entrance to Chicago River from the lake to Rush Street over a width varying from 470 to 190 feet. d. Maintenance of that section of the north pier, 900 feet long, located east of the entrance to Ogden slip. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Seasonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and tem- porary fluctuations of 0.1 to 0.5 foot, due to wind and difference in barometric pressure, occur daily. Seiches of 3 to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The cost for new work for the completed project was $3,409,844, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $110,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 Inner breakwaters and inner basin_-----....... ...... A. Ex. Doc. 114, 41st Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1879, pp. 1562-1567. June 14, 1880 Exterior breakwater ------------------------ .--- Annual Report, 1879, pp. 1562-1567. Mar. 3, 1899 Present project depth in the basin, and entrance to Annual Report, 1897, pp. 2790-2791. Chicago River. July 25, 1912 Shore-arm and southerly extension of the exterior H. Doe. 710, 62d Cong., 2d sess. breakwater. Mar. 2, 1919 Modification of the area to be dredged in the inner H. Doe. 1303, 64th Cong., 1st sess. basin. Mar. 3, 1931 Shore-arm extension of the exterior breakwater trans- Public 797, 71st Cong. ferred to Lincoln Park Commissioners. Mar. 2, 1945 Resumption of jurisdiction over the shore-arm exten- Public 14, 79th Cong. sion breakwater and over certain navigable waters in Lake Michigan which lie in the northwestern part of the outer harbor. The latest published map of this harbor is in the Annual Report for 1914, opposite page 2,924. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 32 docks for handling various types of cargo. The most important cargoes handled are coal, overseas package freight, and newsprint. Passenger excursion steamers are served by 6 of these 32 docks. There is 1 privately owned marine service mooring and 2 yacht club docks. The city of Chicago owns five docks, none of which are used for commercial RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1295 purposes at the present time. The United States Government has 6 docks; 2 are used by the Coast Guard, 2 by the Navy, and 2 by the Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $32,621. Repair of the shore-arm exten- sion of the exterior breakwater by placement of 3,317 tons of stone capping was accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $65,218. Repair of portions of the exterior breakwater and southerly arm of the inner breakwater by placement of 20,547 tons of stone protection was accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $310,346. Total maintenance costs were $408,185. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1923. The entrance to Chicago River has been improved by the construction of parallel entrance piers, and dredging of a channel 190 to 470 feet in width, and a depth of 21 feet below datum. The northerly arm of the inner breakwater (timber 4,034 feet, with 304 feet of shore return on the north end, com- pleted in 1875; concrete superstructure completed in 1934) is in good condition. The southerly arm (timber 2,544 feet, completed in 1880; concrete superstructure completed in 1930) is in good condition. The exterior breakwater (timber cribs 5,418 feet, completed in 1889; concrete superstructure completed in 1930) is deteriorated under water and requires repair. The southerly extension (rubble mound 2,227 feet, completed in 1917), and the south arm (rubble mound 1,532 feet, completed in 1920; and con- crete caisson 1,185 feet, completed in 1922) are in good condition. The shore-arm extension (timber cribs 2,250 feet, completed in 1917; the inner 1,050 feet capped with concrete superstructure 1951; the next adjoining 1,000 feet capped with stone blocks 1956; the outer 200 feet capped with concrete superstructure 1952) is in good condition. The north pier (concrete superstructure, 975 feet, completed in 1908 and repaired in 1949) is in good condition. The controlling midchannel depth from the west end of the lock near the mouth of the Chicago River, to the Michigan Avenue Bridge, is 21 feet; and east of the lock to the breakwater entrance gap over a width of 470 feet is 21 feet. Depths are referred to low water datum. The mean water level, lakeward of the lock, in June 1956 was 1.84 feet above datum. The water level land- ward of the lock is controlled, the level being maintained at an elevation lower than that of Lake Michigan except during exces- sive storm runoff. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1956, were $6,392,198 of which $3,409,844 was for new work and $2,982,354 for maintenance. 1296 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to - June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated . ------------ ------------ ----------- ------------ ------------ $3, 855,849 Cost------ ------------------------------------------------------------ 3,855,849 Maintenance: Appropriated--------....... $8,000 $53,005 $15,000 -$168,200 $364,000 2,983,206 Cost ----------------- 42,407 57,107 52,170 41,364 408,185 2,982,354 1 Includes $446,005 for new work for previous projects. 16. LAKE CALUMET', ILL. Location. Northeastern Illinois (Cook County), within the southeasterly limits of the city of Chicago, just west of and con- nected by a short channel with turning basin 5, the landward limit of the project known as Calumet Harbor and River. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 755.) Existing project. This provides for dredging areas A and B in the south end of Lake Calumet, including an entrance channel 300 feet in width from turning basin 5, to a depth of 21 feet. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Fluctuations in stage of the lake are practically those resulting from changes of water level in Lake Michigan. On Lake Michigan seasonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and tem- porary fluctuations of 0.1 to 0.5 foot, due to wind and difference in barometric pressures, occur daily. Seiches of 3 to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The cost of new work for the completed project was $405,012. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1945. H. Doc. 180, 73d Cong., 3d sess.). The latest published map of the Illinois Waterway is in House Docu- ment 145, 76th Congress, first session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is 1 privately owned dock which handles small ocean vessel and barge cargoes of package freight and iron and steel products. The recently organized Chicago Regional Port District, initiated in the fiscal year 1956, an exten- sive construction program, consisting of the following: 2 transit sheds (of a total of 4), and 2 grain elevators each with a capacity of 6,500,000 bushels. These facilities are scheduled for operation by October 1956. Foreign and domestic cargos will be received and shipped through these facilities. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Dredging was performed by contract at a cost of $104,498. Total maintenance costs were $104,498. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1297 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1937. Depths in the channel from turning basin 5 on the Calumet River to the dredged area in the lake vary from 17 to 21 feet. Depths in the dredged area, about 56.5 acres at the south end of the lake vary from 8 to 18 feet. Depths are based on soundings taken in June 1956, and are referred to low water datum. The mean water level in June 1956 was 1.84 feet above datum. Except in the dredged area, depths in the lake vary from 1 to about 10 feet, but in general are so shallow that no navigation is possible in the undredged portion except by very light-draft vessels. The total cost of the work to June 30, 1956, was $521,350, of which $405,012 was for new work and $116,338 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ----------------------------------------------------------- $405,012 Cost-------------------- ----------- ------------------------------------ 405,012 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------ -----------------------------------............ ........ $235,000 246,840 Cost......----------------- ---------------------------------- 104,498 116,338 17. CALUMET HARBOR AND RIVER, ILL. AND IND. Location. Northeastern Illinois (Cook County), near the southern end of Lake Michigan, 121/2 miles south of Chicago Har- bor, and known on the Great Lakes as South Chicago Harbor, it being in the southerly part of and within the corporate limits of the city of Chicago, except for a part of the breakwaters and of the anchorage behind same, which are in Indiana. The Calumet River is within the Chicago city limits. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 75.) For description, see page 1471 of Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. The original project for Calumet Harbor was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870; and modi- fied August 11, 1888. Work was continued under these projects until 1896. The original project for Calumet River was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 5, 1884, and modified August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1943 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1515 of Annual Report for 1938. Existingproject. This provides for the following work: a. For an outer harbor protected by a breakwater extending eastward from the shore about 4,400 feet and thence southeasterly about 8,100 feet to the harbor entrance. b. For an approach channel 3,200 feet wide and 28 feet deep through the shoals outside the breakwater. c. For an outer harbor channel and anchorage area 3,000 feet wide and 26 feet deep. 1298 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 d. For an entrance channel to the river 350 feet wide and 26 feet deep to the Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway bridge. e. For a channel in Calumet River of 200-foot minimum width, 25 feet deep to the Semet-Solvay wharf near 111th Street, thence 23 feet deep through the rock section to near 114th Street, thence 21 feet deep to 122nd Street, and thence 21.5 feet deep to and in- cluding turning basin No. 5. f. For widening and straightening the river channel, except through the rock cut, to within 20 feet of bulkhead lines now or hereafter established. g. For five turning basins spaced along the river channel, of suit- able size for turning the largest lake cargo vessels, and each of the same depth as the adjacent channel. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Fluctuations in stage of the river are practically those resulting from changes of water level in Lake Michigan. On Lake Michi- gan, seasonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and tem- porary fluctuations of 0.1 to 0.5 feet, due to wind and difference in barometric pressures, occur daily. Seiches of 3. to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in (1956) is $12,517,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of mainte- nance is$125,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 Outer harbor protected by breakwater----------- Annual Report, 1896, pp. 2584, et une 13, 1902 seq., and H. Doc. 277, 54th Cong. 1st sess. Mar. 3, 1905 5 turning basins-__ _________________________ H. Doc. 172, 58th Cong., 2d sess. June 25, 1910 Provided for shape and dimensions of turning basins__ H. Doc. 349, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Consolidated the 2 projects for Calumet Harbor and Calumet River. Aug. 30, 19351 Detached breakwater; dredging the outer harbor to H. Doc. 494, 72d Cong., 2d sess.s existing project depth and dimensions; deepening river-entrance channel and river to existing project depths; widening and straightening the river chan- nel; deepening the 5 turning basins to the same depth as the adjacent channel. Mar. 2, 1945 Provide an approach channel to the harbor 3,200 feet H. Doc. 233, 76th Cong., 1st sess.2 wide and 28 feet deep through the shoals outside the breakwater and for closing the existing gap between the breakwaters. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1943, and Dec. 16, 1933. 2Contains latest published maps of the river. 3 Contains latest published map of the harbor. Local cooperation. The act of March 3, 1905, required, as a condition precedent to Federal expenditures upon any 1 of the 5 turning basins, the donation to the United States of the land neces- sary for that turning basin. As a result the land needed for turn- ing basins 1, 3, and 5 was conveyed to the United States. The total area thus conveyed is 17.8 acres, and the value of the land at the time of its conveyance was approximately $35,700. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1299 The act of August 30, 1935, provided that the widening of the channel at any locality, or the future excavation of a turning basin, shall not be commenced until local interests have furnished, free of cost to the United States, the lands or easements necessary for such widening or excavation, and have either provided any neces- sary bulkheads, or have released the United States from all dam- ages to adjacent lands by reason of the excavation. The Republic Steel Corporation has dredged a new turning basin on the east side of the Calumet River just north of 122d Street, to replace the original turning basin 3, and has constructed a bulk- head along the channel side of the original basin 3, and reclaimed the area to provide land for plant expansion. The corporation has also built a bulkhead along two portions of the east side of the river between a point opposite the Semet-Solvay slip and the new turning basin 3, and has widened and deepened the east side of the rock section between the United States east channel line and its bulkhead. The United States has widened and deepened 3 portions on the east side of the river, and 2 portions on the west side of the river between 100th Street and turning basin No. 3. Local interests donated the necessary land for the widening. Terminal facilities. There are 44 docks handling foreign over- seas, lake vessels, and river barge cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are iron ore, grain, coal, limestone, sand and gravel, iron and steel products, and miscellaneous package freight. There are 2 boatyards, 1 for repairs to large lake vessels (this yard has 2 large drydocks), and the other boatyard has 1 floating dry- dock for repairing and building commercial river craft. The United States Government owns 1 dock which is used by the Corps of Engineers only. There are no other publicly owned docks on the Calumet River, except for the one reserved for the exclusive use of the one city of Chicago fireboat. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Dredg- ing, by contract, adjacent to the Glidden Company dock was com- pleted at a cost of $51,752. Dredging, by contract, adjacent to the Rail to Water Transfer Corporation dock was: accomplished at a cost of $131,392. Total cost of new work was $183,144. Maintenance: Condition surveys and flue dust investigations were made at a cost of $83,665. Channel dredgings by contract was accomplished at a cost of $886. Total maintenance costs were $84,551. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 52 percent complete. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of the construction of turning basins 2 and 4; dredging portions of the outer harbor; deepening, and completing the widening, and straightening the Calumet River; dredging an approach channel to the harbor through the shoals outside the de- tached breakwater; and closing the gap between the breakwaters. The timber crib breakwater (6,712 feet, completed in 1904; con- crete superstructure completed in 1924) is in fair condition. The cellular-type steel-sheet pile breakwater (5,007 feet, completed in 1935) is in good condition. Under permit from the Secretary of War, the Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. and its predecessors 1300 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 have removed all of the south pier (completed in 1897) and re- placed it with a concrete dock wall 2,961 feet in length and 50 feet southerly of the pier's original location. Under permits from the Department, the Defense Plant Corporation has built two sections of bulkhead on the east side of the river between a point opposite the Semet-Solvay slip and the new turning basin 3 at mile 4.7. The United States has widened and deepened the channel adjoining the new bulkhead except through the rock section, where the widening was done by the corporation. Depths in the outer harbor vary from 23 to 26 feet. Controlling midchannel depth in the entrance channel is 24.4 feet. The controlling midchannel depth in the river is about 17 feet, up to and including turning basin 5. Depths are based on soundings taken in January to March 1956, and are referred to low water datum. The mean water level in June 1956 was 1.84 feet above datum. The head of navigation for deep-draft vessels in the river is at turning basin 5 at the entrance to Lake Calumet. The total costs, all funds, to June 30, 1956, were $9,289,560 of which $6,253,020 were regular funds and $3,036,603 were public works funds; $5,868,852 being for new work and $3,420,708 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 19561 1952 New work: Appropriated------------------------------------ $180,000 $179,700 $6,832,214 Cost --------------- ------ ----------- ----------- 69,167 183,144 6,724,825 Maintenance: 1 Appropriated---__ _. $122,500 $19,165 $59,300 44,300 105,300 3,486,687 Cost_---..-....---.. 59,907 79,326 60,948 45,085 84,551 3,465,938 1Includes $855,973 fornew work and $45,230 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ..... $6, 804 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ---------------------------------- ending June 30, 1957______ 6,804 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________________ _____ 6, 540, 759 18. INDIANA HARBOR, IND. Location. Northwestern Indiana (Lake County), on southwest shore of Lake Michigan, 18 miles southeast of Chicago Harbor. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 755.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1943 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1520 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for: a. A northerly rubble-mound breakwater, 2,520 feet long, an easterly reinforced concrete-caisson breakwater 1,507 feet long, an extension of this latter breakwater about 2,300 feet to the north, and the construction and placing of a lighthouse crib. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1301 b. An entrance channel generally 800 feet wide, with a depth of 28 feet at the outer end and 26 feet at the inner end. c. Dredging the anchorage and maneuver basin in the outer harbor to a depth of 26 feet, and the channel between the bulkhead fills in the outer harbor to a depth of 25 feet. d. Widening the main stem of the Indian Harbor Canal to a bottom width of 260 feet with a depth of 22 feet from the outer harbor to The Forks, and dredging the Calumet River Branch from The Forks to 141st Street to the same width and depth. e. A channel 22 feet deep and 160 feet wide in the Lake George Branch from The Forks to White Oak Avenue. f. The maintenance of a channel 20 feet deep and 80 feet wide in the remainder of the Calumet River Branch south of the north line of 141st Street, except the removal of sewage deposits and other city refuse, after completion and acceptance from private parties. g. The construction of a turning basin at The Forks 22 feet deep. That part of the Calumet River Branch Channel from the north line of 141st Street to the Grand Calumet River has not as yet been completed by local interests or accepted for maintenance by the United States. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Seasonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and tem- porary fluctuations of 0.1 to 0.5 foot, due to wind and difference in barometric pressures, occur daily. Seiches of 3 to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $4,760,000, exclusive of amount expended in previous project. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $85,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1302 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized : Documents June 25, 1910 Outer harbor and maintenance of inner harbor H. Doc. 1113, 60th Cong., 2d sess. channel. Mar. 4, 1913 Breakwaters.--. __ --- - ------------------ H. Doc. 690, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1919 Lighthouse crib, present length and alinement of the Rivers and Harbors Committee easterly and northerly breakwaters. Doc. 6, 65th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 20, 1922 Modified the length of channel to be maintained in Public 176, 67th Cong. - extension to Lake George. Mar. 3, 1925 Authorized the Secretary of War to modify the proj- ect so far as relates to length and alinement of breakwaters and to sell to Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. approximately 1,180 linear feet of shore- ward end of the existing north breakwater. July 3, 1930 Existing project channel width and depth in the Rivers and Harbors Committee Lake George Branch, turning basin at The Forks. Doc. 21, 71st Cong., 2d sess. June 30, 1932 Authorized the Secretary of War to sell to the Inland Public 219, 72d Cong. Steel Co. approximately 1,903 linear feet of the southerly end of the existing east breakwater. Aug. 30, 1935 Extension to easterly breakwater, dredging entrance Rivers and Harbors Committe channel and outer harbor, deepening channel Doc. 29, 72d Cong., 1st sess. between bulkhead fills, widening the main stem of the canal and the portion of the Calumet River Branch to 141st St. Aug. 26, 1937 Modified conditions of local cooperation required Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 before enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal Doc. 13, 75th Cong., 1st sess. is undertaken by the United States. 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933, and July 25, 1934. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of August 26, 1937, provides that the enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal shall not be under- taken until local interests have furnished a right-of-way 300 feet wide and have constructed substantial bulkheads along the chan- nel on the established lines shown on the map accompanying Rivers and Harbors Committee Document 13, 75th Congress, 1st session, provided that the improvement on one side may proceed in any section on fulfillment of the conditions for that side of the section, and provided further, that south of the turning basin at The Forks (beginning 450 feet south of the intersection of the present Calumet Branch and mainstem bulkhead lines), widening and deepening by the United States shall be done only as the rights-of- way and bulkheads on at least one side of the channel are con- tinuously provided southward from the above limit of the turning basin at The Forks. To provide for the 300-foot channel, a parcel of land (of about 4.6 acres), generally 100 feet wide, lying on the east side of the Calumet River Branch, commencing at the north side of 141st Street and extending northward toward The Forks for a distance of about 2,107 feet, has been conveyed to and accepted by the United States. Local interests have also con- structed about 1,350 feet of bulkhead along the east side of the Calumet River Branch, and have reconstructed the bulkhead on the west side from The Forks to 141st Street. The defense Plant Corporation has built a bulkhead along the east side of the canal between the Pennsylvania Railroad Co.'s bridge and Dickey Place Bridge; the United States has widened and deepened the east side of this portion of the widening. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 16 docks handling lake and river cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are iron ore, RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1303 petroleum products, limestone, iron and steel products, sand and gravel, and coal. There are no public docks in this harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Pre- liminary work in connection with award of a contract for dredging adjacent to the Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company Dock in the canal was conducted at a cost of $500. Contributed funds in amount of $4,901 were expended for preparation of plans and specifications for proposed modification of the northerly break- water. Maintenance: Condition surveys and flue dust investigations were made at a cost of $36,149. Dredging in the canal was accom- plished by contract, 38,892 cubic yards of material being re- moved at a cost of $53,130. Upon completion of the work, the United States Steel Corporation has agreed to reimburse the United States in the amount of $63,000 for a portion of the dredg- ing. Total maintenance costs were $89,279. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 80 percent complete. The work remaining to be done to complete the existing project consists of completing the widening of the main stem of the Indiana Harbor Canal to a bottom width of 260 feet, with a depth of 22 feet from the outer harbor to The Forks; completing the widening of the Calumet River Branch from The Forks to 141st Street to the same width and depth, and completing the deepening and widening to full project dimensions of the upper 3,440 feet of the Lake George Branch. The north breakwater (rubble mound, 2,520 feet, completed in 1922) is in good condition. The east breakwater (concrete caisson, 1507 feet, completed in 1926) and northerly extension (rubble mound, 2,324 feet, com- pleted in 1935) are in good condition. The controlling midchan- nel depths are as follows: 26 to 28 feet in the entrance channel parallel to the rubble-mound breakwater and generally 23 to 26 feet in the outer harbor; 25 feet between the bulkheads of the steel companies to the 5 bridges;, 21 feet from the 5 bridges to the turn- ing basin at The Forks; 22 feet in the turning basin at The Forks; from 20 feet at the basin entrance to 15 feet at a point 200 feet from the south side of the basin, in the turning basin east of Canal Street; 22.0 feet from the turning basin at The Forks to 200 feet below the 141st Street Bridge; and 22.0 feet from the turning basin to 700 feet above the Indianapolis Boulevard bridge, on the Lake George Branch. Depths are referred to lower water datum. The mean level in June 1956 was 1.84 feet above datum. The head of navigation for commercial vessels is at the Baltimore & Ohio Terminal Railroad bridge on the Lake George Branch, about 3 miles from the outer harbor, and at a point about 2,200 feet from The Forks on the Calumet River Branch, about 2.5 miles from the outer harbor. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1956, all funds, were $5,955,399, of which $4,330,082 were regular funds and $1,618,044 Public Works funds, and $7,273 contributed funds; $3,636,461 being for new work and $2,318,938 for maintenance. 1304 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--.--------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ $45,000 734,356 $3, Cost--------- ............------------ ------------------------------------ 500 3,689,856 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $92,000 $43,465 $36,400 $109,250 130,000 2,363,163 Cost---------------- 94,647 41,309 44,922 108,949 89,279 2,321,447 1 Includes $60,668 for new work and $2,509 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $3, 655 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__________________________________ 3, 655 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------------1, 086,312 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------................................ $2,500 $10,000 $12,500 Cost ........--------------------------------------------- 2,372 4,901 7,273 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____- $5, 227 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------- 5, 227 19. ILLINOIS WATERWAY, ILL. AND IND. Location. The Illinois River (entirely within the State of Illi- nois), formed by the confluence of the Kankakee and the Des Plaines Rivers, flows in a southwesterly direction and enters the Mississippi at Grafton, Ill., about 38 miles above St. Louis. The Illinois Waterway comprises the Illinois River from its mouth to the confluence of the Kankakee and Des Plaines Rivers, a distance of 273 miles; the Des Plaines River to Lockport, a distance of 18.1 miles, and the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and to the south branch of the Chicago River to Lake Street, Chicago, a dis- tance of 34.5 miles. Also from a point 12.4 miles above Lockport, Ill., the waterway comprises the Calumet-Sag Channel and the Little Calumet and Calumet Rivers to turning basin 5, near the en- trance to Lake Calumet, a distance of 23.8 miles; and the Grand Calumet River from the junction to 141st Street, deep (lake) draft navigation, a distance of 9 miles, and to Clark Street, Gary, Ind., a distance of 4.2 miles. Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, April 10, 1869, July 11, 1870, June 14, 1880, and March 2, 1907. For further details, RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1305 see page 1945 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1172 of Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This project provides for the construction of 9 locks and 6 dams; dredging a navigation channel with least dimensions of 9 feet in depth and 300 feet in width from the mouth of Waterway at Grafton, Ill., to Lockport, Ill., a distance of 291.1 miles; a navigable channel depth of not less than 9 feet of the present width, from Lockport to the controlling works, a distance of 2 miles; a channel with usable depth of 9 feet and width of 225 feet, from the controlling works to its junction with the Calumet- Sag Channel, a distance of 10.4 miles; thence in the Calumet-Sag Channel to the present lock in Blue Island, Ill., a distance of 16 miles; a channel 9 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the Calu- met and Little Calumet Rivers, from the lock in Blue Island to turning basin 5, a distance of 7.8 miles. Also a channel with usable depth of 9 feet and a width of 225 feet along the general route of the Grand Calumet River from its junc- tion with the Little Calumet River to and in the Indiana Harbor Canal to 141st Street, East Chicago, Ind., a distance of 9 miles. Also from the junction of the Indiana Harbor Canal and the Grand Calumet River, a channel in that river of usable depth of 9 feet and a width of 160 feet to Clark Street in Gary, Ind., with a turning basin at Clark Street, a distance of 4.2 miles. Also, the removal of the controlling lock at Blue Island, Ill., and construction of a controlling works in Calumet River near its head, and similar structures in the proposed Grand Calumet Channel west of the Indiana Harbor Canal; alteration or elimination of rail- road bridges across these channels lakeward of the Chicago Sani- tary and Ship Canal, or the construction of new railroad bridges, to provide suitable clearances, with apportionment of the costs be- tween the bridge owners and the United States, in general accord- ance with the provisions of section 6 of Public Law 647, 76th Con- gress; and making at the expense of the United States all fixed span bridges across the waterway, between McDonough Street, in Joliet, and turning basin 5, capable of conversion to lift bridges having vertical clearance of not less than 40 feet. The project also provides for a navigable channel depth of not less than 9 feet of the present width from the Calumet-Sag Junction to Lake Street, Chicago, via the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and south branch of the Chicago River, a distance of 22.1 miles. Provision is also made for a small boat harbor in the vicinity of Peoria, Ill., by construction of a basin 510 by 250 feet, dredged to a depth of 7 feet and protected by an earth embankment riprapped on the lake- side. The total length of the project from the mouth to Lake Street, Chicago, is 325.7 miles, to turning basin 5, is 327.5 miles, to 141st Street, is 334.7 miles, and to Clark Street in Gary, Ind., is 336.5 miles. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $168,047,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $1,870,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1306 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21, 1927 Channel 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide from mouth of Rivers and Harbors Committee Illinois River to Utica, 231 miles, modification of Doe. 4, 69th Cong., 1st sess., and the 2 United States locks and dams, removal of the S. Doc. 130, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 2 State dams. (Act authorized appropriation of not to exceed $3,500,000 for carrying on the work.) July 3, 1930 Channel depth of 9 feet from Utica, Ill., to the heads S. Doc. 126, 71st Cong., 2d sess. of the present Federal projects on the Chicago and Calumet Rivers, distances of 94.6 miles to Lake St. and 96.3 miles to turning basin 5, respectively, to be secured by means of completed dams, locks, lateral canals, and dredging begun by the State of Illinois in general accordance with the present plans of the State for that work. The act in adopting the project authorized the appropriation of not to exceed $7,500,000 for carrying on the work. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of the locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. Aug. 30, 1936 Construction of modern locks and dams at La Grange H. Doc. 184 73d Cong., 2d sess.2 and Peoria and for a channel 9 feet deep and 300 feet wide below Lockport, the exact location and details of design of all structures to be left to the discretion of the Chief of Engineers, and, for the time being, that no change be made in the water authorized for navigation of the Illinois River by act of July 3, 1930. Aug. 30, 19363 This act also provides for 3 passing places along the H. Doc. 180, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Sag Channel and the authorized channel in the Calumet-Sag route to turning basin 5, and dredging at entrance of Lake Calumet. June 14, 1937 Realinement of portion of Calumet River and aban- Rivers and Harbors Committee (Pub. Res. donment of bypassed section of the Calumet River. Doc. 19, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 42) June 20 1938 Modifies requirements of "local cooperation" in act Public, 685, 75th Cong., 3d sess. of Aug. 30, 1935. Oct. 23, 1943 Payment of damages to levee and drainage districts H. Doc. 711, 77th Cong., 2d sess. due to seepage and other factors, amount not to exceed $303,500. Mar. 2, 1945 Enlarge the Calumet-Sag Channel to a width of 160 H. Doc. 145, 76th Cong., 1st sess. feet and to a usable depth of 9 feet. Dredge a barge channel 160 feet in width with a usable depth of 9 feet in the Grand Calumet and Little Calumet River branch of the Indiana Harbor Canal to deep (lake) draft through 141st St., East Chicago, Ind. Construct in the Little Calumet River a lock of suitable dimensions for barge navigation. Rebuild or otherwise alter at Federal expense all obstructive railroad bridges across the Calumet-Sag Channel, Little Calumet River, Calumet River, Grand Calumet River, and Indiana Harbor Canal, so as to provide suitable clearance, except that no Fed- eral funds shall be expended for removal or altera- tion of the Illinois Central R. R. bridge at mile 11.20 of the Little Calumet River. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1307 Acts Work authorized Documents July 24, 1946 Substitute the following work for that authorized by H. Doc. 677, 79th Cong., 2d sess. act of Mar. 2, 1945: Replacement of emergency dam in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal; enlarge- ment of that canal thence to Sag Junction and of Calumet-Sag Channel to afford channels 225 feet wide with usable depth of 9 feet; construction along the general route of Grand Calumet River of a channel with usable depth of,9 feet, 225 feet wide between Little Calumet River and the junction with the Indiana Harbor Canal and 160 feet wide thence to Clark St., Gary, Ind., with a turning basin at Clark St.; enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal to a width of 225 feet and usable depth of 9 feet between Grand Calumet River and the vicinity of 141st St., inclusive; removal of Blue Island lock and construction of a lock and control works in Calumet River near its head, and of similar structures in the proposed Grand Calu- met Channel west of the Indiana Harbor Canal; alteration or elimination of railroad bridges across these channels lakeward of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, or the construction of new railroad bridges, to provide suitable clearances. July 24, 1946 Provide for a small boat harbor in the vicinity of H. Doc. 698, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Peoria, Ill., by construction of a basin 510 by 250 feet, dredged to a depth of 7 feet. July 17, 1953 Authorizes $48,933 to reimburse Nutwood drainage H. Doc. 144, 82d Cong., 1st sess. and levee district for additional pumping opera- tions; supplementing $58,750 authorized in the Oct. 23, 1943 Act. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Contains latest published map of Illinois and Des Plaines Rivers. 3 Included, in part, in the Public Works Administration program, Oct. 31, 1934, and Feb. 28, 1935. The latest published map and profile of the Illinois and Des Plaines Rivers are contained in House Document 184, 73d Con- gress, 2d session, and a map of the Calumet-Sag Channel is printed in House Document 145, 76th Congress, 1st session. Pertinent data for existing and proposed locks and dams are given in the following table: C 0 Lock Location Depth on miter sills Dimensions at low water 1 Name Available Miles Width of length Lift at low above Nearest town chamber for full water 1 Lower Upper mouth width O Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet La Grange ---------------------------------- _ Peoria_____________ - __-___ _____-__-_ 80.2 157.7 7.8 miles below Beardstown, Ill_ - 4.1 miles below Peoria, Ill__----------------------- 110 110 600 600 10.0 11.0 13.0 12.0 15.5 15.5 Starved Rock ------------------------------- 231.0 Utica, Ill----_____ _ ---------------------------- 110 600 18.5 14.0 16.85 Marseilles _______________.____._________ 244.6 Marseilles, Ill- _ -___--__---------_- 110 600 24.25 14.0 18.6 Dresden Island___ ------------------------------ 271.5 Morris, Ill__----------------------------------- 110 600 21.75 12.25 16.85 Brandon Road___------------------------------- 286.0 Joliet, Ill_------------------------------------ 110 600 34.0 13.8 17.85 0 Lockport .. ----------------------------------- 291.1 Lockport, Ill--------------------------------- 110 600 230.5-39.5 15.0 211.5-22.0 Calumet River 3. -_ _3-- -- 326.4 -_-__. Chicago, Ill---------------------------------- 110 950 ------------ 14.0 14.0 Grand Calumet 3------------------------------ 329.5 Hammond, Ind . 110 .------------------------------- 950 ------------ 14.0 14.0 . Estimated Lock-Continued Dam Percent- Year of cost to United z Name age of comple- States under Type of con- struction Character of foundation Kind Type of construction Character of foundation comple- tion tion existing project z Illinois River, mouth to Utica; 4.2,773,499 le channel improvement by 02 dredging in the Illinois River below Starved Rock, modifica- tion of 2 United States locks and dams, and for the removal of the 2 State dams. La Grange------------------------ Concrete_. I Piles in sand _ Movable (wicket type Concrete and timber_ ......... Piles in sand__ 100 1939 42,744,592 and weir with Aframe- crest). Peoria_ . do---- .-do ..... Movable (wicket type) - ..- _ do_ _--_ -- -__- _-_ _ ....do .. .... 100 1939 43,381,030 Starved Rock ...... Rock........ Movable (Tainter gates)_ Concrete and structural steel_ Rock ........ 100 1933 4 885,315 M arseilles_- - - - ..- -.. ._. . ,do_,, _------- --- ..---_ -.do ..------ -_-_do .--...----..--- 100 1933 41,853,725 . Dresden Island_------------------ . .------ -do ----------------- ... do ....... -_do_ -.---- .--- ..-.do ---- ----- .... - . ... .. do .. ....... ___ 100 1933 42,503,376 to Brandon Road ..-----.-------.-- do-- ._do_ ... 5 _ ....do_----------------------- ....do ...... 100 1933 42,031,683 CH Lockport_ __.------------------- . .-do ........ Movable (sector gates) do_.--------.-.-..------- 100-... 1933 4133,608 0 See footnotes at foot of table. Lock-Continued Dam Estimated Percent- Year of cost to United Name age of comple- States under Typeof con- Character of Character of comple- tion existing : struction foundation Kind Type of construction foundation tion project Proposed lock in Calumet River_. Concrete Piles in clay___ Fixed 6____.......----- and sheet Concrete and sheet piling..... Piles in clay-__ -------------------- $6,455,000 C/ Proposed lock in Grand Calumet ___dopiling........ do doo--.. .............. ................ do ..... 6,455,000 Proposed lock in Grand Calumet ----- do 6--------------- 6----o------- ---- do------------------------ -----do-------- ---------- ---------- 6,455,000 Channel. Proposed replacement of emer- -------------------- gency dam. (Movable vertical lift Structural steel----. ____ type.) ___ ---------- Rock .... ___ __ ---------- 1,072,000 t Lock and dam equipment ----- _ ..--..--------------. -------------------------..------------------------------ _ -------------- ----------------- 41,250,304 Total, locks and dams-...... --------.- - --------- ------ ---.. ----------------. -- - ............-.- - - - ...---....--.--.--.--. -.- ---- --.----. . 31,539,132 ADDITIONAL FEATURES ENTERING INTO COST OF PROJECT Dredging: Little Calumet and Calumet Rivers ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $2,135,358 Calumet-Sag, 3 passing places------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 813,419 Starved Rock to Lockport .............-------------------.. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ... 4,372,370 Starved Rock to Grafton -------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3,125,487 Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12,588,000 Calumet-Sag Channel--- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29,425,000 Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor Canal ---- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5,807,000 Peoria small-boat harbor------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 24,937 Protection piers at all locks----.---..-..---- --- --- -.-- --- --- --- ----.--.----- - 4----- 77,613 O Calumet-Sag modification advance planning_ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3,443,000 Calumet-Sag modification, supervision and administration--------....---- 8,623,000 - Rebuild highway bridges...... 2,490,000---------------------- 2,490,000 Rebuilding railway bridges: Calumet-Sag Channel ................. 22,70,000------------------------ 22,970,000 Little Calumet and Calumet Rivers ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18,840,000 Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor Canal_ _----- ---- ------------ ------------------------------ - - 20,515,000 . Removal of Blue Island lock ---- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 117,000 / St. Louis, Mo., -District ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 41,140,684 Total additional features--------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 136,507,868 Total existing project...... ------------------- ----- -------------------------------------------------------- --- 168,047,000 8,04,00--------------- 1Lifts and depths on miter sills are those obtained with flat pools. 4Actual cost. 2 Variation in lift and depth on upper miter sill at Lockport is due to fluctuation 56 dams completed by Corps of Engineers; the 48-foot bear trap at Lockport com- - of water surface in the sanitary district canal. pleted by State of Illinois. 8 Proposed. 6 Control works. toa 1310 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927, modified the existing project subject to the condition that the State of Illinois transfer to the United States without cost all rights and titles in the two State-owned dams on the Illinois River, and that local interests furnish the United States without cost all necessary areas for the disposal of materials dredged in creating and maintaining the channel authorized (S. Doc. 130, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). By deed dated March 28, 1928, the State of Illinois transferred these locks and dams to the United States. Permission has been granted by many riparian landowners for use of their lands for the disposal of dredged material. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, modified the exist- ing project subject to the following provisions: That the project thus adopted shall be in all its parts a navigable waterway of the United States, forever free to the public use of all, unen- cumbered by any tolls or restrictions of any kind whatsoever except such as may be imposed by Congress; that the State of Illinois shall proceed, subject to the supervision and approval of all expenditures and obligations by the Secretary of the Army, to construct the highway bridges at Brandon Road and Marseilles Canal, to make the necessary alterations in other highway bridges across the Illinois Waterway, to make the necessary arrangements and agreements for the alterations of the railroad bridges across said waterway, and to do such other work on said waterway as the Secretary of the Army shall direct and the available funds of the State make possible, the bridges mentioned not to become the property of the United States, and no obligations to be incurred by the United States to maintain, operate, or replace them; and that no claim shall lie against the United States because of any contractual obligations which have been or may be entered into by the State of Illinois as regards the construction of a waterway between Utica and Lake Michigan (S. Doc. 126, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The State of Illinois appropriated $20,000,000 for the construc- tion of a waterway providing minimum 8-foot depths in channels not less than 150 feet wide, from the upper end of the Federal project on the Illinois River, to Lockport. The lock and dam at Starved Rock was about 95 percent complete, the Marseilles lock was about 95 percent, the Marseilles Canal 98 percent, Dresden Island lock and dam about 20 percent, Brandon Road lock and dam about 70 percent, and the Lockport lock about 95 percent com- plete, before the passage of the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, as modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938, provides that local interests furnish to the United States, free of cost, all necessary land to effect the improvements recommended in House Document 180, 73d Congress, 2d session, and install operating machinery and place in operating condition the three drawbridges across the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal between its junction with the Calumet-Sag Channel and Lockport when directed by the Secretary of the Army. All requirements have been met except RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1311 for the installation of operating machinery in the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway bridge at Lemont, Ill. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, superseded the provisions of River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, and pro- vided that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements and rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, including the alteration of utilities as necessary, with the exception of such land needed for the waterway as is now occupied by abutments or railroad tracks at the approaches to railroad bridges; and agree to remove at their own expense, or satisfactorily alter, the highway bridges across Des Plaines River at McDonough and Cass Streets (Joliet) across the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal at 16th Street (Lockport), Romeo Road, and Lemont Road, and all highway and street bridges across the channels included in the project lakeward of Sag Junction which, in the opinion of the Secretary of the Army, constitute unreason- able obstructions to navigation; construct all necessary new high- way, street, or foot bridges across these channels; agree to pro- vide near Clark Street, Gary, Ind., an adequate public barge-rail- truck terminal open to all on equal terms; and that the several sections of the proposed channel may be improved as separate units when considered advisable by the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers after local interests have provided, or furnished assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide the cooperation required for any unit. The city of Chicago has supplied informal assurances that it will furnish the lands between 130th and 138th Streets for the Calumet River lock site and appurtenances. The following formal assurances have been accepted: a. Resolution adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Sanitary District of Chicago on May 9, 1955, furnishing assurance that easements would be granted through its lands on the south side of the channel from 96th Avenue to the controlling works foot bridge east of Blue Island and also an easement through the right-of-way on the north side of said channel in the vicinity of Blue Island; also the Sanitary District would use its efforts and offices to effect relocation of all utility lines from 96th Avenue to the foot bridge east of Blue Island and remove the bridges at Kean Avenue, 86th Avenue, Homan Avenue and Francisco Avenue. b. Resolution adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Metro- politan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago on May 31, 1956, furnishing assurance that it will furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the widening, construction and for subsequent maintenance of the Calumet-Sag Channel. The Sanitary District is presently engaged in the acquisition of the privately owned land required for spoil disposal and the funds appropriated are adequate to complete the recom- mended increment of the project. c. By letter dated May 4, 1955, from Honorable Daniel Ryan, President of the Board of Commissioners of Cook County, Illinois, 1312 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 assurance was given that the Board of Commissioners will adopt a resolution pledging that Cook County will fulfill its obligation for the following bridges: Kean Avenue, 86th Avenue, Harlem Ave- nue, Ridgeland Avenue, 127th Street, Kedzie Avenue, and Western Avenue. Formal resolution was adopted by the Board in July 1956. d. By letter dated March 14, 1955, (accepted July 29, 1955) from Governor William G. Stratton of Illinois, assurances were given as follows: "The Sanitary District of Chicago has agreed to provide necessary ease- ments for right-of-way and spoil-disposal areas, to require alteration of utilities and to remove such bridges as are owned by the Sanitary District and which will no longer be needed. The Board of Commissioners of Cook County have programmed four bridges and Mr. Ryan assured me that the Board of Commissioners of Cook County would take care of the bridges at Ridgeland Avenue and Francisco Avenue. The city of Chicago has agreed to rebuild the bridge at Indiana Avenue. "Assurances have also been received from the Forest Preserve District of Cook County to provide easements and spoil areas for that portion of the channel traversing forest preserve district property. "The State desires to cooperate to the fullest extent in advancing and pro- moting the Calumet-Sag project. The State will rebuild the bridge across the channel on 96th Avenue and will alter the bridge at Cicero Avenue to clearances required by the Corps of Enginers. The State will also support legislation to acquire approximately three hundred acres needed for spoil- disposal area now owned by private interest and assures the Federal Govern- ment that work required by local interests, including the bridges in Blue Island, will be performed within say a period of 5 years after an initial Federal appropriation is granted." Local cooperation required for the small boat harbor at Peoria, Ill., authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, has been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Of the 13 principal cities and towns along the Illinois River, about 5 own dock frontage, more or less im- proved for boat landings; 4 own dock frontage with no improve- ments; and 4 own no frontage except at street ends. At Peoria, the largest city on the river, there is a $400,000 modern river-rail municipal public terminal having an available frontage of 1,100 feet; 205 feet are occupied by a dock house and 190 feet by an open dock. The dock house is served by a wharf boat 45 feet by 230 feet, and an escalator capable of handling 1,000 tons a day. This terminal is served by the equivalent of a beltline railroad. Grain elevators are available at 26 points between Grafton and Joliet. Private coal loading terminals are located at Havana, Liverpool, Copperas Creek, and Kingston Lake. Coal-unloading terminals are located at Havana, at the mouth of the Vermilion River near La Salle, and at Joliet; and a cement loading plant is located at the mouth of the Vermilion River near La Salle, and 1 at Peru. Bulk-petroleum terminals are located at Havana, Kingston Mines, Peoria, Peru, Seneca, and Joliet. Sand and gravel plants are located at Kingston Lake, Chillicothe, Henry, Ottawa, Morris, Joliet, and Lockport. A barge construction yard, launching ways, and shipyard are located at Seneca. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1313 From the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, sand, gravel, oil, and gasoline are shipped from Lockport, and petroleum products and stone from Lemont. Bulk-petroleum terminals are located at Argo and Forest View, Ill., and at California Avenue, Cicero Avenue, and Kedzie Avenue, Chicago; and a liquid industrial- chemicals terminal is located at Cicero Avenue in Stickney, Ill. Private coal-unloading terminals are located at Ridgeland Avenue, Crawford Avenue, Loomis Street, Fisk Street, and Addison Street, Chicago. At Western Avenue, Chicago, bulk and package freight are handled through the North Pier River barge terminal, The State of Illinois barge terminal, including a 1,500,000-bushel grain elevator, is located at Damen Avenue, Chicago, on the South Branch of the Chicago River. Two sand and gravel distribution yards are located on the Calumet-Sag Channel. A petroleum un- loading terminal is located on the Little Calumet River at River- dale, just upstream from the junction with the Sag Channel; and two petroleum terminals are located at Homan Avenue in Blue Island. Plans for further terminals and docks between Grafton and Chicago are underway. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Main stem modifications. No work was performed on this portion of the waterway. Calumet-Sag modification. Design memorandum, plans, and specifications for dredging in Part I, plans, and specifications for the Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Bridge, Michigan Central Bridge and plans and specifications for the Calumet River lock were accom- plished by hired labor at a cost of $472,192. Dredging the first 3 miles was started by contract on November 28, 1955; the con- tract was 18 percent complete on June 30, 1956, and costs were $346,916. Total costs for the fiscal year were $819,108. Maintenance: Alton Pool. Condition surveys, inspections, and reports were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $17,419. All pools above Alton Pool. Condition and operation studies were conducted by hired labor at a cost of $206,633. Dredging was initiated by contract in LaGrange Pool between mile 121.6 and mile 153.2 at a cost of $67,296 with 192,274 cubic yards of material being removed. United States derrick boats Nos. 1 and 3 performed intermittent dredging operations in channels, re- moved debris at forebays of locks, and assisted repair crews at a cost of $163,119. Operation and care of locks and dams. The locks and dams were operated as required and the necessary repairs made thereto and to appurtenant structures at a cost of $1,244,866. The total cost for the fiscal year was $2,518,441 of which $819,108 was for new work, and $1,699,333 for operation and maintenance of locks, dams, and canals. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, exculsive of the Calumet-Sag modification, is 96 percent complete. The project as a whole, including the Calumet-Sag modification, is 18 percent complete. Seven locks and 6 dams have been completed, and there is a channel 300 feet wide and 9 feet deep between Grafton and Lockport, Ill., with the exception of Marseilles Canal 1314 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 which is 200 feet wide. The three passing places in the Calumet- Sag Channel, and dredging to widen the channel in the Calumet and Little Calumet Rivers are complete. A small-boat harbor has been provided at Peoria, Ill. A navigable channel now exists connecting the Mississippi River at Grafton, Ill. with Lake Michi- gan, via the Illinois and Des Plaines Rivers, the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, and the Chicago River, with a secondary outlet to Lake Michigan via the Calumet-Sag Channel and the Little Calumet and Calumet Rivers. The controlling depth of the river as it prevails is 9 feet during extreme low water. The limiting bridge clearance in the reach from Grafton to Utica, Ill. is 114 feet. The limiting horizontal clearance which occurs at bridges between Utica and Lockport, Ill. is 110 feet. The limiting hori- zontal clearance which occurs between Lockport and Lake Michi- gan via the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and the Chicago River is 80 feet at the emergency (Butterfly) dam, mile 293.1. The limiting horizontal clearance which occurs at bridges between Lockport and Turning Basin 5 in the Calumet River, via the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, the Calumet-Sag Channel, Little Calumet and the Calumet River is 49.3 feet. The following work remains to be done. Preliminary surveys, planning and design, completion of storage facilities for the emergency lock and dam equipment, dredging to provide a channel 9 feet deep and 300 feet wide, with adequate widening at critical points and bends from Grafton, Ill. to Lockport Lock; and improvement of the Calumet-Sag Channel as follows: (1) replacement of the emergency (Butterfly) dam in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal; (2) enlargement of that canal to Sag Junction, and of the Calumet-Sag Channel, to afford channels 225 feet wide with usable depth of 9 feet; (3) construction along the general route of the Grand Calumet River of a channel with usable depth of 9 feet, 225 feet wide between Little Calumet River and the junction with the Indiana Harbor Canal, and 160 feet wide thence to Clark Street, Gary, Ind., with a turning basin at Clark Street; (4) enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal to a width of 225 feet and usable depth of 9 feet between Grand Calumet River and the vicinity of 141st Street, inclusive; (5) removal of Blue Island Lock and construction of a lock and control works in Calumet River near its head and of similar structures in the proposed Grand Calumet Channel west of the Indiana Harbor Canal; (6) alteration or elimination of railroad bridges across these channels lakeward of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, or the construc- tion of new railroad bridges to provide suitable clearances, with apportionment of the costs between the bridge owners and the United States in accordance With the principals set forth in agree- ment dated February 23, 1945. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, with regular funds was $49,723,268 of which $24,271,823 was for new work, $9,075,005 for maintenance, and $16,376,440 for operating and care of locks and dams. The above includes the sum of $1,735,890 expended between 1927 and 1936 on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. With public works funds, the cost was RIVERS AND HARBORS--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1315 $3,960,735 for new work. With emergency relief funds, the cost was $1,858,936 for new work. The grand total cost, all funds were $55,542,939 of which $30,091,494 was for new work, $9,075,005 for maintenance, and $16,376,440 for operating and care. The above includes the sum of $1,735,890 expended be- tween 1927 and 1936 on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------- $203,860 $130,250 $182,683 $40,251 $4,998,457 $36,862, 667 Cost-.--..--..- ....- 208,806 535,236 586,854 241,254 819,108 32,660,596 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 1,660,000 1,830,623 1,896,898 1,681,300 1,795,700 26,693,514 Cost_....--...--.--. 1,490,403 1,858,936 2,070,170 1,753,152 1,699,333 26,479,913 1 Includes $2,569,102 for new work and $1,028,468 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ $109, 297 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___ 7, 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__________ 7, 609, 279 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_________________ $126,253, 400 20. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey conducted Illinois: Chicago River.....--------------------------------------- $1187 July 1955 and June 1956. Indiana: Michigan City ------------------ ---------------------- 89 June 1956. Wisconsin: Algoma Harbor---------------------------------------- 271 April 1956. Kenosha Harbor-- ------------------------------------- 856 April 1956. Kewaunee Harbor.............------------------------------------- 801 August-September 1955. Oconto Harbor __-- __--- --------................ -504 June 1956. Port Washington Harbor-----................-------------------704 June 1956. Racine Harbor --------------------------------------- 2,111 May 1956. Revisory and Inshore Sounding, ..---------- --- - 10,500 1316 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 21. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Algoma Harbor, Wis._ --------------------- _ 1955 $99, 236 $263,973 (3) 2. Big Suamico River, Wis.l _------------------ 1951 20,243 19,450 (3) 3. Cedar River Harbor, Michigan 12 ----. _ 1896 28,464 _-------------- $409,500 2a 4. Gladstone Harbor, Michigan 1 _.---- 1912 7,281 252 (3) 5. Harbors at Washington Island, Wis._-------- 1950 62,838 1,143 6 71,000 6. Michigan City Harbor, Ind.--------------- 1955 1,212,385 1,455,395 (3) 7. New Buffalo Harbor, Mich. ..__....__.__._ 1885 83,000 ..------------- 8. Oconto Harbor, Wis. ---------------------.... 1955 46,185 41,694 (3) 9. Pensaukee Harbor, Wis.------------------ 1951 34,035 22,460 (3) 10. South Milwaukee Harbor, Wis. 4-----------........... 1906 5,000 -------------- 578,000 1 Channels adequate for commerce. 2 Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 8 Completed. 4 No commerce reported. ' Abandonment recommended in 1898. 6 Revised in 1954. 22. LITTLE CALUMET RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES ILL. AND IND. Location. The Little Calumet River rises in the northwestern part of La Porte County about 6 miles south of Michigan City, Ind., and flows generally westerly about 56 miles to its junction with the Calumet-Sag Channel at Calumet Park, Ill. Existing project. The existing project provides for enlarge- ment of the Calumet Union Drainage Ditch and some of its con- nections to provide an adequate outlet to the Little Calumet River. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, and described in the House Document 153, 82d Congress 1st Session. The estimated cost, revised in 1956, is $626,000 Federal costs; non-Federal costs are: lands and damages $228,000, highway bridge modifications $904,000, and powerline relocations $48,000, totaling $1,180,000; total costs, $1,806,000. The plan provides for channel capacity to carry the design flow which ranges from 650 c.f.s. in the upper reaches to 2000 c.f.s. at the mouth and has a frequency of occurrence of once in 50 years. It would eliminate damages, Which result from floods caused by overflow of channels of the existing Calumet Union Drainage System in Harvey, Ill. and the neighboring communities of Hazel Crest, Markham, Phoenix, Dixmoor, and Posen. Local cooperation. The requisite local cooperation consists of: a. Modification of all highway and foot bridges and relocation of all utilities. b. Provision without cost to the United States, of all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction of the project. c. Hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the construction works. d. Establish and enforce regulations satisfactory to the Secre- tary of the Army designed to prevent encroachments on the im- proved channel. FLOOD CONTROL--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1317 e. Maintenance and operation of the project works after corn- pletion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. As funds have not been appropriated for the project, formal assurances have not been requested. Local interests are inter- ested in the project and it is anticipated that all requirements will be complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction has not been started and no preliminary Work was accomplished. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been started. The work remaining to be accomplished consists of: (a) enlarge- ment of Calumet Union Drainage Ditch and some of its connec- tions, (b) modification of 5 railroad bridges, 4 highway bridges, 9 road culverts, 1 farm bridge, 1 foot bridge, and (c) relocation of 3 miles of powerlines. There were no costs to June 30, 1956. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- $24, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----- --- 24,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------------602, 000 23. FARM CREEK, ILL. Location. The Farm Creek watershed in Tazewell County, Ill., is 60 square miles in extent. The stream empties into the Illinois Waterway at mile 162 above the mouth. Existing project. The project completed on September 16, 1954, involves the construction of two compacted-earth flood-de- tention dams, the Fondulac Dam on Fondulac Creek, Tazewell County, Ill., approximately 1.5 miles easterly of East Peoria, Ill., and Farmdale Dam on Farm Creek, Tazewell County, Ill., approxi- mately 2.5 miles easterly of East Peoria, Ill., and improvements to Farm Creek, Cole Creek, and Kerfoot Creek channels in East Peoria, Ill. The Fondulac Dam has a maximum height of 67 feet above the riverbed and a reservoir capacity of 3,780 acre-feet. The Farmdale Dam has a maximum height of 80 feet above the riverbed and a reservoir capacity of 15,500 acre-feet. Linear feet of channel improvements are: Farm Creek, 12,000 feet; Cole Creek, 1,875 feet; Kerfoot Creek, 900 feet. The project provides complete protection to the residential, business, and highly de- veloped industrial areas of East Peoria, Ill., against design flows in Farm, Cole, Kerfoot, and Dempsey Creeks having expected frequency of occurrence of once in about 100 years. The current estimated construction cost (1954) is $9,838,000, including lands and damages with $22,500 annually for maintenance. The exist- ing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 802, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work. Agree- ment with the Toledo, Peoria and Western Railroad, and construc- 1318 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 tion of Farm Creek Channel improvements were continued; both by contract, and miscellaneous work was accomplished by hired labor. The total cost of new work was $8,894. Maintenance. Maintenance of remedial works at Fondulac and Farmdale Dams was continued by hired labor at a cost of $19,397. Total cost for the fiscal year was $19,397. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is completed, ex- cept for final settlement of the five-year agreement with the Toledo, Peoria and Western Railroad for special maintenance. Construction was initiated in August 1947, with completion in September 1954. The total costs to June 30, 1956 were $10,063,933 of wJhich $9,971,730 were for new work and $92,203 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $1,500,000 $771,500 -$275,147 -$85,000 -$35,000 1 $9,831,553 Cost-- ..........-------------- 672,606 1,191,061 1,028,733 -38,749 8,893 19,809,916 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ 11,000 10,000 19,400 22,040 20,000 92,440 Cost----------------................ 11,619 10,941 19,360 22,446 19,397 92,203 1 In addition $161,813 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: JUnobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 389 1----------, Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_______-______ 1, 389 24. EAST OF CHANDLERVILLE, SANGAMON RIVER, ILL. Location. On the left or south bank of the Sangamon River between miles 14.4 and 22.4 above its mouth (by the straightened channel). Existing project. This project involves the reconstruction of approximately 2.2 miles of river front and 2.8 miles of flank levee, the construction of 5.6 miles of new river front and 2 miles of new flank levee along the Sangamon River, Middle Creek, and Clary Creek, east of Chandlersville, Ill., from the fill of the abandoned Jacksonville & Havana Railroad to the Chandlerville- Oakford Road, including the installation of eight gravity drains. The work will consolidate and replace a number of independent levees in this area and will connect to the Bell drainage district levees, affording complete flood protection to 5,200 acres of farm land and the northeasterly portion of the town of Chandlerville, Ill. The estimated construction cost, revised in 1954, is $1,170,000; lands and damages, $36,000; total, $1,206,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, and is described in House Document 604, 75th Congress, 3d session. Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation are as follows: (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, FLOOD CONTROL---CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1319 easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (b) hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works; and (c) maintain and operate all of the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. No as- surances have been received nor rights-of-way acquired. Operations and results during fiscal year. Restudy of the proj- ect economics was begun and field surveys and soils investigations were made during the year at a total cost of $8,408. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been started, as the project is in the deferred for restudy category, and a restudy of the project to establish the economic justification will be continued and completed. The work remaining to be accom- plished is the reconstruction of about 12.6 miles of levees and provision for adequate interior drainage. Total costs to June 30, 1956 were $14,014 for planning and restudy of the project. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------........-- ------------..........-----------......... $12,000 ----....------------.. $17,606 Cost--- -----------------------------------------............ ------------ 8,408 14,014 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $3, 592 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957____------------------------------ 3,592 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------------1, 152, 400 25. MOUTH OF SANGAMON RIVER, ILL. Location. The mouth of the Sangamon River is 98 miles above the mouth and on the east bank of the Illinois River, 9.4 miles above the Beardstown Highway Bridge. This project extends for several miles upstream from the mouth of the river. This portion of the Sangamon River forms the boundary line between Mason County on the northwest and Cass County on the southwest. Existing project. This project provides for the excavation of a new outlet channel for the Sangamon River approximately 6.7 miles long and 200 feet wide extending from Hager Slough on the Illinois River to mile 6.7 above the mouth of the Sangamon River, and a diversion channel and remedial works necessary for the maintenance of a highwater table in adjacent wild game reserves. The cost of the completed project is $769,808, including $8,718 contributed funds; lands and damages, $23,000; total, $792,808. Annual cost of maintenance, estimated in 1949, is $15,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and described in House Document 186, 72d Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- 1320 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 proved June 28, 1938, applies. Local interests, however, provided all rights-of-way for the project in order that additional channel work could be accomplished, and contributed $5,122 for the pur- pose. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance. The United State pipeline dredge Depoe Bay removed 126,948 cubic yards of material at a cost of $33,727. The total maintenance costs for the fiscal year were $33,727. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction is completed. The total costs to June 30, 1956, including $8,718 contributed funds, were $899,906 of which $769,808 were for new work and $130,098 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------------ ---------------------- ------------.... ... Appropriated-------........ ................. $761,090 Cost..------------.---$1,556 $15,504 -1,700------- .-.---... ..- ,7-. 761,090 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ 6,000 5,900 $21,700 $51,000 $35,000 130,400 Cost_ .---------..--. 9,154 8,709 21,287 52,384 33,727 130,098 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $6, 404 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---- ---------------------------------------- 6, 404 26. BEARDSTOWN, ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. Location. Beardstown is located in Cass County, Ill., on the south bank of the Illinois River at river mile 89, about 70 miles below Peoria, Ill. Existing project. The project provides for construction of a new section of floodwall to replace that lost or damaged, and for raising, strengthening, and extending the remaining portion of the floodwall and adjacent levees, and the modification of existing levees in the adjacent Lost Creek, South of Beardstown, and Valley drainage and levee districts. The project when completed will afford flood protection to the city of Beardstown and adjacent land against the maximum flood of record, having an expectancy of once in 80 years. The project was authorized by the Flood FLOOD CONTROL-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1321 Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (see H. Doc. 332, 81st Cong.). The estimated cost, revised in 1956, is $4,680,000 Federal costs; lands and damages, $50,000 non-Federal costs; total $4,730,000. Local cooperation. Local interests have indicated that require- ments will be met. All rights-of-way and easements required for construction of the floodwall have been furnished. Local interests are now negotiating for the required rights-of-way for the new levee construction and it is anticipated that assurances will be fully complied with by August 1, 1956. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys, explora- tions, tests, designs, and preparation of plans and specifications were conducted by hired labor. Construction of the floodwall was initiated in December 1954 by continuing contract which is 93 percent complete. The total cost for the fiscal year was $858,796, of which $132,156 was for advance planning and miscel- laneous hired labor work, and $726,640 was for contract work on the floodwall. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 27 percent com- plete. Preliminary planning was continued. Construction of the floodwall was started and is 93 percent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of the floodwall in the city of Beardstown, and the reconstruction of the following levees, (1) Levees adjacent to Beardstown, (2) Lost Creek Levees, and (3) the South Beardstown and Valley District Levees. Total costs to June 30, 1956 was $1,261,009, of which $246,221 was for planning and $1,014,788 was for construction by contract. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ---------- $30,000 $30,000 $400,000 1 $874,000 $1,334,000 Cost........ . ...-- . ..._ --... 21,518 31,364 349,331 858,796 1,261,009 year 1956. borrowed infiscal 1 Includes $74,000 2 Excludes repayment of$74,000 borrowed infiscal year 1956. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----- $68, 671 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------------------------------- 2926, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- ------ -------- 994, 671 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------ 2, 420, 000 1322 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 27. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. 1. Banner special drainage and levee district_.. 1943 $274,822 ..------..... (1) 2. Bi; Lake drainage and levee district---------......... 1943 144,910 ---- (1) 3. Big Prairie drainage and levee district-....... (2) - - - .- - -... $177,000 4. Coal Creek drainage and levee district ...... 1954 1,923,145 ...-.......... (1) 5. Crane Creek drainage and levee district..... 1941 68,898 .... (1) 6. East Liverpool drainage and levee district... 1941 207,826 ..............- (1) 7. - East Peoria drainage and levee district...... 1946 279,963 .............. (1) 8. Hennepin drainage and levee district- .......- 1940 109,593 -----...... (1) 9. Kelly Lake drainage and levee district-------....... 1947 13,153 ---...-...... 41,056,847 10. Lacey Langellier, West Matanzas and Ker- ton Valley drainage and levee districts.... 1954 1,234,024 ---.-.-........ (1) 1L Liverpool drainage and levee district .....- - 1943 117,731- ...... (1) 12. 13. Lost Creek drainage and levee district Pekin-La Marsh drainage and levee district-. a_. 1938- 1955 .. ..---- .. 168,383 -.............- . (1) (1) 14. Rocky Ford drainage and levee district...... 1941 108,797 ---.-... . (1) 15. Seahorn drainage and levee district-......... 1945 32, 281 ....-....... -(1) 16. South Beardstown and Valley drainage and levee districts.............................. 1943 220,729------...... (1) 17. South Beardstown drainage and levee dis- trict -------------------------------- 1942 171,839 ------------ (1) 13. Spring Lake drainage and levee district-... 1941 185,980---------- _ ---- (1) 19. Thompson Lake drainage and levee district. N1,040,535 1952 9,465 ------... KANKAKEE RIVER, ILL. AND IND. 20. Levee between Shelby Bridge and Baum's Bridge in Ind....-..-.....-.-. --..... . . 1938 ---------..---.----.-... .. 41,130,000 SANGAMON RIVER, ILL. 21. Bell drainage district- ---------- 1946 $1,112------ - $168,888 22. Clear Lake levee_--- ---------------- 1940 2,680---- - - - 4279,320 23. Farmers Levee and drainage district......... 1942 155,562-.....---..... (1) 24. Mason and Menard drainage district ......- 1940 93,808----------.... - (1) 25. Near Springfield on Sangamon River, Ill.... 1941 97,743 ..-----..... (1) 26. Oakford special drainage district_ ---------- 1940 38,417 -----. -. (1) 27. Panther Creek levee_ - - - -- . 1938 ----.--. .---.--.. ...-. 4 229,000 28. Sangamon River and Salt Creek, Ill--....... 1938 -4-------- . --------. 51,000 2). Sangamon River, from mouth of Salt Creek 1938 ----.-..- ----.. .4--..... 2,510,000 to Roby, Ill. 30. Tar Creek levee _---------. --- --.-. 1946 1,425 ... ....- 280,575 4...- SALT CREEK, ILL. 31. 32. Donovan levee_ - _ ,-,_ _ --- -- East of Hubly Bridge_---------.. ,------1945 _--------- 1945 1,821 ---- -113,179 572 --------- 4 72,428 33. Lussenhop levee-.------------------------- 1945 116 ------ .----- 4 43,884 34. Salt Creek in vicinity of Middletown, Ill .. 1940 48 .....---- - - 218,952 35. Swiger Whitney, Young-Hoblit levee--------........ 1945 399 -.............. 41,601 36. Watts levee.-...... . -................ 1945 1,031 .....--- ,. '138,969 UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, ILL. 37. Chandlerville No. 2 Reservoir-.----...... . 1955 .-..-..-..-..-. - - _ 645,300,000 1 Completed. 2 Never activated a Reported previously by St. Louis District as completed under provisions of Sec. 6 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928. 4 Revised in 1954. a Deferred for restudy. 6 Recommended for abandonment in pending comprehensive flood control report for Illinois River and tributaries. 28. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Purpose of inspection. Annual inspections are made with local interests of all projects improved or extensively repaired at Federal expense in order to determine compliance of local inter- ests with assurances given to the United States regarding mainte- FLOOD CONTROL-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1323 nance of the projects, to determine physical condition of the levees and appurtenances and to receive necessary information for use in flood emergencies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Inspection of 28 levees was made in the Chicago District involving approximately 177 miles of embankment. The cost of work during the year amounted to $9,728: Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ $4,900 $7,000 $6,300 $7,000 $10,000 $41,200 Cost...-----.-.-... 6,004 7,029 5,982 7,455 9,728 41,033 29. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act). Channel straightening, removal of snags, brush, and other debris, were completed by hired labor at Spoon River, Elrod Bridge, Illinois at an adjusted cost of - $143. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $20,000 $7,030 -$94 $50,000 $1,375 $244,711 Cost ....---.--..- 49,101 29,216 8,906 51,518 -143 244,711 Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). Engineer- ing and design and preliminary hired labor work on the Oconto River, Wisconsin project were accomplished. A dredging con- tract (No. 3021) was awarded May 25, 1955, with work com- pleted April 21, 1956. The total costs, all new work, were $129,444. Cost and financial summary OCONTO RIVER, WISCONSIN Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.......-.. -----............$4,000, $135,000 $10,000 $149,000 Cost_---------. --.-.-...-........ .---- 3,892 15,664 129,444 149,000 Field surveys were completed for proposed work for flood pro- tection on Radio City Creek, Illinois. Work on engineering analyses and economic studies were continued in fiscal year 1956 with draft of Design Memorandum submitted on May 29, 1956. The total costs, all new work for fiscal year 1955, were $4,725. 1324 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary RADIO CITY CREEK, ILLINOIS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --------------------------------------- $6,000 $6,000 Cost--------------------------------------------- 1,264 $4,725 5,989 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 19561111 1 $11 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------- -- --- -------------- 11 Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control. (Section 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). Channel straightening, removal of snag, brush, and other debris, were continued by hired labor at Coal Creek, Tributary, Illinois at a cost of $6,858. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-- --------------------------------------------- $8,000 $8,000 Cost----------....... ---------------------------------------------- 6,858 6,858 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- $1, 142 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------- 1, 142 Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation). Repairs to Crane Creek levee and drainage district were con- tinued during the fiscal year by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $24,818. Repairs to Banner Special Levees were performed by Govern- ment plant and hired labor at a cost of $14,664. Advance Preparation Hired labor work in connection with the preparation of flood- emergency manuals, a flood-emergency exercise, the continuation of the levee profiling program and inspection of Non-Federal flood-control works was continued at a cost of $11,173. FLOOD CONTROL-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1325 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ---___ __--------- --------- ___ _----- $40,000 $27,000 $67,000 Cost ........------------- -- _------------------------ ------- 15,089 50,655 65,744 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ----- $1256 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--- 1------------------- 1256 30. OTHER AUTHORIZED SHORE-PROTECTION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Chicago, Cook County, Ill--------('--------- (1) ------------------- 2 $1,060,000 2. Evanston, Cook County, Ill----.... ------- (1) --- ------ 363,000 3. Kenilworth, Cook County, III_-------,, - (1) _----- 11,000 4. Lake Bluff, Lake County, Ill-__ ._. ----- _ (1) - _-2 18,000 5. Lake Forest, Lake County, Ill__--------------- (1) _.--..--------- -- -- 215,000 6. Winnetka, Cook County, Ill__--------------- (1) -------- 7,400 1 Authorized by River and Harbor Act of Sept. 3, 1954. 2 Revised in 1956 Federal costs. 31. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Navigation studies were continued at a cost for the year of $15,309. The unexpended balance at the end of the fiscal year of $14,427 plus an additional $111,400 or a total of $125,827 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for continuing naviga- tion studies by the Chicago District including completion of the review survey reports on Burns Waterway Harbor, Ind., Mil- waukee Inner Harbor, Wis., Kewaunee Harbor, Wis., Escanaba Harbor, Mich. and by the Office of Division Engineer, North Central Division, for continuing studies on the Mississippi River Comprehensive Harbor study and the Great Lakes Harbors study. The St. Lawrence Seaway Traffic Analysis and Rate Study also in connection with the special study on Great Lakes Harbors was initiated at a cost 'of $4,689 for the year. An additional allotment of $160,000 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 in continuing this special study. Flood-control studies were continued at a cost for the year of $9,646. The unexpended balance of $8,456 at the end of the year plus an additional $15,000, or a total of $23,456 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for continuing flood-control study on the Kankakee River Basin, Ill. and Ind. The special study on Water Levels of the Great 'Lakes was continued during the year at a cost of $111,237. Of this amount the Office of Division Engineer, North Central Division expended 1326 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 $19,901, Buffalo District $15,398 and U. S. Lake Survey $75,938. The unexpended balance at the end of the fiscal year of $63,800 plus an additional allotment of funds of $82,200 or a total of $146,000, can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for completing the study. 32. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The cost of the work under miscellaneous studies during the fiscal year was $5,430. The funds were used for the Galop Rapids model study, St. Lawrence River, by the office of the Division Engineer, North Central Division. 33. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The cost of work under hydrologic studies during the fiscal year was $777 by the Chicago District and $7,000 by the office of the Division Engineer, North Central Division, a total of $7,777. The unexpended balance of $323 will be applied to continuation of hydrologic studies by the Chicago District. An additional sum of $4,000 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for these studies. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE DETROIT, MICH. DISTRICT This district comprises the eastern half of the upper peninsula of Michigan, all of the lower or southern peninsula except a small area in the southwestern corner, northwestern Ohio, and a small portion of northern Indiana; embracing the Michigan waters of Lake Michigan and the United States waters of the eastern end of Lake Superior, Lakes Huron and St. Clair, and the western end of Lake Erie; with their tributary watersheds from Au Train Bay, exclusive, on Lake Superior and Peninsular Point and St. Joseph River in Lake Michigan, to Sandusky Bay on Lake Erie, exclusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. St. Marys River, Mich ._. . 1327 27. Port Sanilac Harbor, Mich.... 1388 2. Channels in Straits of Mack- 28. Black River, Mich---------- 1389 inac, Mich_-_ -------- 1335 29. Rouge River, Mich---------1391 3. St. Clair River, Mich------ 1336 30. Monroe Harbor, Mich .------- 1395 4. Channels in Lake St. Clair, 31. Toledo Harbor, Ohio.-------- 1397 Mich ....------------------ 1340 32. Navigation projects on which 5. Detroit River, Mich- ... _-. 1341 reconnaissance and condi- 6. Whitefish Point Harbor, Mich 1346 tion surveys only were con- 7. Manistique Harbor, Mich ... 1347 ducted during the fiscal 8. St. Joseph Harbor, Mich --- 1349 year---------------1399 9. South Haven Harbor, Mich___ 1352 33. Other authorized navigation 10. Saugatuck Harbor and Kala- projects----------------- 1400 mazoo River, Mich..-------- 1354 34. Navigation work under special 11. Holland Harbor, Mich _ 1356 authorizationi------------ 1400 12. Grand Haven Harbor and Grand River, Mich ------- 1359 Flood Control 13. Muskegon Harbor, Mich - 1361 14. White Lake Harbor, Mich .-- 1363 35. Battle Creek, Kalamazoo 15. Pentwater Harbor, Mich ..- 1365 River, Mich .----- -1401 16. Ludington Harbor, Mich .... 1366 36. Sebewaing, Sebewaing River, 17. Manistee Harbor, Mich..... 1368 Mich------------------ 1403 18. Frankfort Harbor, Mich- .... 1371 37. Red Run, Clinton River, 19. Charlevoix Harbor, Mich_- 1373 . Mich------------------_ 1405 20. St. James Harbor, Beaver Is- 38. Other authorized flood-control land, Mich....-------------- 1374 projects -------.--- _ -1406 21. Cheboygan Harbor, Mich--- 1376 39. Inspection of completed flood- 22. The Inland Route, Mich-. 1378 control projects---------- 1406 23. Harrisville Harbor, Mich- 1380 40. Flood-control work under spe- 24. Au Sable Harbor and Harbor cial authorization.....---------. 1406 of Refuse at Au Sable River (Oscoda), Mich----------1382 General Investigations 25. Saginaw River, Mich_ -----. 1384 26. Port Austin Harbor, Mich -... 1386 41. Examination and surveys- ... 1407 42. Research and development... 1408 1. ST. MARYS RIVER, MICH. Location. St. Marys River is about 63 miles long, and flows in a southeasterly direction between the State of Michigan and the Province of Ontario, Canada, from the eastern end of Lake Superior into the northern end of Lake Huron. (See United States Lake Survey Chart Nos. 61, 62, and 63.) At Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., about 14 miles downstream from Lake Superior, are located 4 parallel locks and a hydroelectric powerplant. 1327 1328 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of July 8, 1856, July 11, 1870, June 14, 1880, August 2, 1882, and August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1955, Annual Re- port for 1915, and page 1529, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for channels through St. Marys River, which at low water datum are suitable for vessels drawing 25.5 feet, with a least channel width of 300 feet, and for channels between Lake Superior and the falls having minimum widths of 1,000 feet and a depth of 30 feet below low water datum over Gros Cap and Point Iroquois Shoals and through Round Island Shoals and Middle Ground, and 28 feet through Vidal Shoals. The specific improvements include dredging shoals be- tween the mouth of the river and Lake Munuscong; excavating channels from Lake Munuscong to Lake Nicolet on either side of Neebish Island, a distance via West Neebish of 14 miles and via Middle Neebish 15 miles, the Middle Neebish, or upbound, route to have a least width of 500 feet With a least depth of 21 feet in the easterly 200-foot width and a least depth of 27 feet in the westerly 300-foot width, and the West Neebish, or downbound route to have a least width of 300-feet; widening and deepening the anchorage area on the west side of the channel in Lake Nicolet to a maximum width of 1,000 feet over a length of 5,500 feet, with a depth of 28 feet for anchorage and maneuver; dredg- ing to widen and deepen the upper entrance channel into Lake Nicolet; dredging through shoals between the lower end of the canals and the upper entrance to Lake Nicolet, including ex- tension of anchorage and maneuver area below the locks and widening of the angle at black gas buoy No. 33; constructing compensating works at the falls; constructing remedial Works at the inlet of the power canal of the Carbide Power Co.; deepening and widening the tailrace of the United States powerplant and construction of the first step (14,000 kilowatt capacity) of a new hydroelectric powerplant of 45,000 kilowatt ultimate capacity, constructing and operating 4 locks, 2 canals, and an emergency dam for each of the canals at the falls; including a new lock on site of Weitzel lock and replacement of Poe lock, removal of Bridge Island and structures therein to secure a depth of 28 feet at low water, deepening the approach channels and reconstruction of approach piers; widening and deepening the channels through Vidal Shoals; widening the channel from Point Louise 1,000 feet and Brush Point to bottom width of 1,200 feet, widening the channel across Point Iroquois Shoals a maximum width of 1,500 to 5,300 feet as measured from the center line of Birch Point Range, with a depth of 29 feet for anchorage and maneuver. The following table shows the principal features of the locks and emergency dams. All structures are located at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1329 Lock Principal features Poe Davis Sabin MacArthur Miles above mouth_----------- ----- 47----------- 47----------- 47----------- 47. Clear width of chamber-....feet___ 95_.............80.----------- 80_.--------. 80. Length I between miter sills-....do.... 704__------- 1,350--------- 1,350--------- 800. Lift' -.-------------------- do-.... 21.7.--------- 21.7.--------- 21.7----------- 21.7. Depth on upper breast wall 1-....do-.... 21.8--------- 24.3.--------- 24.3.---------. 31. Depth on lower breast wall 1_...do.... 16.6--------- 23.1---------......... 23.1---------........... 31. Foundation....---------------------- Rock--------.......... Rok--------......... ......... Rock-------- Rock. Type of construction_---.-.....--.--. Masonry-.... Concrete-..... Concrete...... Concrete. Estimated cost.----.---.----.--..-... 2$4,738,865-.... $6,200,000_ . 4 $3,275,000-.... $12,909,440. Actual cost_----. ------------.- - $2,837,337 .. 6$2,200,000_.. ?$1,750,000..--- (8) Completed (open to commerce)--........ Aug. 3, 1896___ Oct. 21, 1914... Sept. 18, 1919_.. July 11, 1943. Emergency dam for- Principal features South Canal North Canal Miles above mouth..----- 47_----- ------------ -- 47. Estimated cost-__-------- (o10)- - ------ -- ---- $300,000. Type-....................... Steel stop-logs recessed into lock Removable trusses, revolving wickets, masonry. and steel stop-logs. Cost, completed-......... - . (10) $269,224.9 Years completed.........----------. 1943 and 1945._ __---------------- 1922. 1 At low water, 601.1 above and 579.4 below. 2 Includes cost of deepening and enlarging South Canal. 8 Includes cost of North Canal. 4 Includes canal excavations to provide necessary approaches to lock, canal walls, and piers, and emergency dam. b Excludes cost of deepening and enlarging South Canal, $1,653,378. 6 Excludes cost of North Canal, $2,572,611. 7 Excludes cost of canal excavations to provide necessary approaches to lock, canal walls, and piers, and emergency dam, $662,919. 8 Construction about 97 percent complete. Actual costs to June 30, 1955, $12,718,806. 9 Including engineering office, and inspection. to Not separable from cost of locks. Note-The limiting draft to the locks is determined by the depth over the breast walls. The Poe lock was operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropriation from August 3, 1896, the Davis lock from October 21, 1914, and the Sabin lock from September 18, 1919, to the end of the fiscal year 1935. The original State locks were operated and maintained under the same appropriation from June 9, 1881, to November 2, 1886, after which they were destroyed by excavation for the present Poe lock. The Weitzel lock, destroyed in 1942 by excavation for the MacArthur lock, was operated and maintained under the same appropriation from September 1, 1881, to the end of the fiscal year 1935. 1330 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 In the following table are stated other characteristic features of the channel improvements belonging to the existing project. Distance Used by Project datum Length of from upbound or Project Project planes above Name of channel channel mouth of downbound width depth mean tide at river vessels New York Feet Miles Feet Feet Feet Gros Cap Shoal.......... 3,600 63 Both--........ 2,000 30 601.5 Point Iroquois Shoal_..... 16,000 59 .....do...... ---- ,do- --- 2,000 30 601.5 Anchorage area at Point Iroquois Shoal._......_ 16,000 59 1,500-5,300 29 601.5 Round Island Middle Ground_............... 5,000 57 Both........ 1,250 30 601.5 Round Island Shoal No. 1---------------------- 5,000 57 .....--- do...... 1,000 30 601.5 Round Island Shoal No. 2----------------------- 9,800 54 ----do-- --. 1,250 30 601.5 Point Louise to Brush Point_..--.-......--..- 9,000 do ..... 1,000-1,200 52 .....--- 28 601.4 Vidal Shoals ........... 8,100 48 ..... do ..... 1,000-1,500 28 601.2 South Canal: 8,300 47 ..... do ..... West approach to MacArthur lock-.. 304 28 601.1 MacArthur lock..... 80 31 579.4 West approach to Poe lock ____...... 304 28 601.1 Poe lock (new)' ..... 100 32 579.4 East approach to MacArthur lock _ - 362 27.5 579.4 East approach to Poe lock1,BafildChn 362 27.5 579.4 North Canal: 7,915 47 Both........ West approach...... 280 24 601.1 Davis lock 1 d.... 80 223.1 579.4 Sabin lock ... ..... 80 S23.1 579.4 East approachute): Course 1, Bayfield Chan- -- 312 24.5 579.4 nel, anchorage area Both_------. Smaneuver area-_____ 7,700 45 do__ _- 1,300-1,890 .----- 28 579.3 Angle, courses 1 and 2.... 4,890 44 1,300-600 28.5 579.2 Little Rapids, courses 2 do---- ------------------- ..... do .... and 3 ---- ........... 20,840 40 600 27 579.2-578.9 Lake Nlcolet............. 22,000 36. ..... do...... 1,500 29 578.8 Lake Nicolet anchorage area-..... --.-... -...... 5,500 38 1,000 28 578.8 Middle Neebish (up- bound route): Course 5, at lower end of Lake Nico- let_- __--- --- 23,076 33 Up.----- .... ,_,_ do ..... 8300 27 578.8 Course 6, diker end 16,918 30 S300 27-28 578.7-578.6 Course 7, Munuscong ..... do...... ,,,-,do----- Channel........... 16,686 27 ..... do-...... '300 27 578.6 Course 8--........... 5,893 25 ---- ,do-- --- '300 27-28 578.5 Course 9, Sailors En- campment Chan- nel__- - - - - - - 23,100 21 I-.....do-...... $300 27-28 578.5 West Neebish (down- bound route): Course 4 at lower end of Lake Nicolet.... 10,762 34 Down....... 300 27.5 578.8 Course 5 at lower end of Lake Nicolet.... 21,696 30 ----do-- _-- 300 27.5 578.8 Angle, courses 5 and 6------------------ 3,348 29 300 28.5 578.7 Course 6, rock cut.... 9,863 27 ----do---- 300 28.5 578.7-578.6 Angle, courses 6 and 7--------------- 5,054 25 Down--.-... 300 28.5 578.7-578.5 Course 7----....- 10,746 24 .....----- do ..... 300 27.5 578.5 Course 8, Moon Is- land .... ... ... _ .. 12,600 21 ..... do ..... 300 27.5 578.5 Lake Munuscong, course 8 to Lime Island------- 33,460 11 Both-....... 1,000 28 578.5 Crab Island Shoal.___ 1,300 .....---- do-..... 1,000 30 578.5 1 For new Poe lock which has been authorized but not constructed. For existing Poe lock, see tabula- tion under "Condition at end of fiscal year". 2 Refers to datum plane 579.4; project depth at datum plane in effect at time of construction was 24.5 feet. 8 For westerly 300-foot width of channel, easterly 200-foot width has project depth of 21 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1331 The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lakes Superior and Huron, which are 601.6 and 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Each year the St. Marys River rises and falls about 1 foot as measured by the monthly mean levels. During the navigation season the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean levels above the locks, since 1871, has been about 4 feet, and below the locks, since 1903, about 4.3 feet. In addition to these changes in level, occasionally a considerable oscillation takes place within 2 or 3 hours, which is somewhat in the nature of a seiche; such changes amounting to over 5 feet have been known to occur within 3 hours. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $149,964,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $2,000,000 of which $1,600,000 is for operating and care of locks. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 Weitzel lock (replaced in 1943 by MacArthur lock), Report by Maj. O. M. Poe, Corps widening and deepening existing State Canal.' of Engineers, not published. Aug. 5, 1886 Poe Lock'- --------------------------------- H. Ex. Doc. 72, 49th Cong., 2d sess. July 13, 1892 Dredging through shoals above the falls and the H. Ex. Doc. 207, 51st Cong., 2d shoals below the falls between the lower end of the sess., and Annual Report 1891, canal and the upper entrance channel into Lake p. 2810. Nicolet (Hay Lake). June 13, 1902 Mar. 2, 1905 }Enlarging the old canal................... H. Docs. 128, 56th Cong., 2d sess., 1and 215, 58th Cong., 3d sess. June 13, 1902 Hay Lake and Neebish Channels work in that sec- H. Doc. 128, 56th Cong., 2d sess. tion of the river below the locks. Mar. 3, 1907 Davis lock second canal, and emergency dam_........ H. Doc. 333, 59th Cong., 2d sess. (plan 3). Mar. 3, 1909 Lease of waterpower at the falls. Lease entered into with Michigan Northern Power Co. Provided for the construction of remedial and compensating works. July 25, 1912 Fourth lock (renamed "Sabin" lock in 1943) ........ H. Doc. 64, 62d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 4, 1915 Deepening tailrace of the power plant_............. Sept. 22, 1922 Widening upper approach to the canals through District engineer report, Oct. 29, Vidal Shoals, extension of anchorage and maneuver 1920. area below the locks. Jan. 21, 1927 Removal of Round Island, middle ground, extension H. Doc. 270, 69th Cong., 1st sess. of Northwest Canal pier, and widening channels middle Neebish route. July 3, 1930 Deepening channels throughout the downbound H. Doc. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess. , route. June 26, 1934 Operation and care of canal and locks provided for from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 30, 1935 Widening Brush Point turn and the channel from River and Harbor Committee Brush Point to Point Louise. Doc. 53, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 7, 1942 Construction of new (MacArthur) lock on site of H. Doc. 218, 77th Cong., 1st sess. (PL 490,4 former Weitzel lock deepening the approach chan- sec. 17.) nels to 27 feet, and reconstruction of approach piers. June 15, 1943 This act named the "MacArthur" lock and changed (PL 72, the name of "Fourth" lock to "Sabin" lock. 78th Cong., 1st sess.) Mar. 2, 1945 Removal of Bridge Island and construction of a new H. Doc. 679, 78th Cong 2d sess. (PL 14, hydroelectric powerplant. and H. Doec. 339, 77th Cong., 1st 79thCong., sess. 1st sess.) 1332 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents July 24, 1946 Replacement of Poe lock at St. Marys Falls Canal H. Doc. 335, 80th Cong., 1st sess. (PL 525, with a new structure 800 feet long, 100 feet wide, 79thCong., and 32 feet deep, with necessary reconstruction of 2d sess.) nose and center piers; and widening and deepening the channel across Point Iroquois Shoals to a maxi- mum width of 1,500 to 5,300 feet, with a depth of 27 feet, and in Lake Nicolet to a maximum width of 1,000 feet, with a depth of 26.5 feet, when the governing lakes are at datum, to provide wider anchorage and maneuver areas in St. Marys River. 2 Mar. 21, 1956 IDeepening to provide a project safe draft of 25.5 feet 71, 84th Cong., 1st sess. S. Doec. (PL 434, over the full width of the downbound and 2-way 84thCong., channels (including the anchorage areas) and over 2d sess.) the westerly 300-foot width of the upbound Middle Neebish Channel, when the levels of Lakes Su- perior and Huron are at their respective low water datums. 1Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published maps. 8Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 4 Dimensions of lock authorized were specified in the act as "about 800 feet long, 80 feet wide, and 30 feet deep. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for all features of the project except for the removal of Bridge Island. For that feature, the owners of the International Bridge are required to provide a lift span over the South Canal upon request made by the Secretary of the Army and in accordance with plans, specifi- cations, and conditions approved by the Chief of Engineers, and the United States is to participate in the cost of the bridge change by payment to the owners of a percentage of the actual cost of the alteration, such percentage to be adjusted by the Chief of En- gineers between 77.5 percent if a span for Cooper's E-50 loading is constructed and 84 percent if a span for E-35 loading is con- structed. On the basis of 1956 price levels the amount of the United States participation is estimated to be $2,527,000. Terminal facilities. This improvement serves the through com- merce between Lake Superior and the lower lakes, and it has not materially influenced the terminal facilities at the towns along its route which consist mainly of small docks for the accommodation of local traffic. Several coaling docks for through-traffic accom- modations have been established at Sault Ste. Marie, Lime Island, and Detour. A dock has been established at Drummond Island for stone shipments. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: New work: Powerhouse: Costs in connection with installation of the elec- tric generator known as Unit 3-A were $11,941. Navigation features: Costs for renewal of advance planning for the new lift bridge at Bridge Island were $556. Total new work costs during the fiscal year were $12,497. Maintenance: Operation and Care: The canals and four locks were operated as required, and necessary repairs and improve- ments were made thereto and to the appurtenant structures and equipment. The canal was open to navigation 263 days, from July 1, 1955, to December 20, 1955, and from April 2, 1956, to June 30, 1956. During that period, a total of 17,722 vessels ag- RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1333 gregating 117,341,569 short tons of freight and 4,436 passengers, passed through the MacArthur, Poe, Davis, and Sabin locks in 14,031 lockages. Cost during the fiscal year was $1,238,248. Powerhouse and equipment: The new powerhouse and Unit No. 10 were operated and maintained. Cost during the fiscal year was $95,811. Other operation and care items: Buildings and grounds were maintained; security measures were enforced; condition and operation studies, inspections, and reports were made or compiled as required. Cost during the fiscal year was $288,679. Total costs for operation and care during the fiscal year were $1,622,738. General Maintenance: Locks: Work by hired labor was com- pleted on the modification of the Davis and Sabin lock gate engines and controls to provide for the operation of both gate leaves by a single operator instead of two operators as formerly required; the conversion of the Emergency Dam boilers to use of No. 5 fuel oil was accomplished by hired labor; and other miscellaneous re- habilitation items were performed by hired labor. Cost during fiscal year was $29,628. Channels and Canals: Minor repairs were made by hired labor to the guide walls of West Neebish Rock Cut; St. Marys River channels and canal approaches were examined for shoal areas by sweeping; U. S. derrick boats removed 5,059 cubic yards, scow measure, from shoal areas in the navigation channels of St. Marys River and from canal approaches. Cost during the fiscal year was $119,145. Cost of general maintenance during the fiscal year was $148,773. Total costs for this fiscal year, chargeable to maintenance, were $1,771,511, all of which were from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of March 21, 1956, is complete with the exception of the installation of steel guard gate at MacArthur lock, removal of Bridge Island, South Canal, the replacement of Poe lock, widen- ing the channel across Point Iroquois Shoals, and widening channel along west side of Lake Nicolet. No work has been done on the last modification of the project, providing for the present dimen- sions of channel, or on any of the uncompleted items referred to above. The following table gives the project depths, controlling depths, widths, lengths, and date of completion of the several chan- nels covered by the project at the close of the fiscal year: 1334 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Project Controlling Project Length Year Name of channel or locality depth depth width channel completed Feet Feet Feet Feet Gros Cap Shoal-----..........-..- 30.0 30.0 2,000 3,600 Point Iroquois Shoal- ............. 30.0 2,000 16,000 Anchorage area at Point Iroquois Shoal ........................... 29.0 unimproved 1,500-5,300 16,000 Round Island Middle Ground...... 30.0 26.8 1,250 5,000 Round Island Shoal No. 1-.......... 30.0 26.8 1,000 5,000 Round Island Shoal No. 2-......... 30.0 26.8 1,250 9,800 Point Louise to Brush Point.. . 28.0 26.0 1,000-1,200 9,000 Vidal Shoals-..........-........-..- 28.0 25.8 1,000-1,500 8,100 South Canal: 8,300 West approach to MacArthur lock---- -----......... -- 28.0 827.0 1304 MacArthur lock_------- 231.0 31.0 80 (2) West approach to Poe lock ..... 28.0 23.8 1304 ............ Poe lock (new).-- .....-.---- .- 32.0 16.6 100 ............ East approach to MacArthur lock _ _-- - - - - - 27.5 27.0 362 East approach to Poe lock ...... 27.5 18.1 362 North Canal: 7,915 West approach---------------- 24.0 23.5 280 -------.----1914 D avis lock__... ..... ..... .... 24.5 23.1 80 .-------.---1914 Sabin lock_--_----------..----- 24.5 23.1 80 1919 East approach_............... 24.5 23.1 312 1919 Course 1, Bayfield Channel, anchor- age area and maneuver area....... 28.0 26.0 1,300-1,890 7,700 Angle, courses 1 and 2_ _________ 28.5 25.0 600-1,300 4,890 Little Rapids, courses 2 and 3..----- 27.0 25.0 600 20,840 Lake Nicolet_- __ _ __ ___ ________ 29.0 24.8 1,500 22,000 Lake Nicolet anchorage area-------- 28.0 unimproved 1,000 5,500 Middle Neebish (upbound route): Course 5, at lower end of Lake Nicolet-- - - .-- - - - - . 527.0 21.0 5300 23,076 Course 6, dike ..........---- 522.0-28.0 21.0 5 300 16,918 Course 7, Munuscong Channel - 5 27.0 21.0 5 300 16,686 Course 8----------- ---- 5 27.0-28.0 21.0 5 300 5,893 Course 9, Sailors Encampment Channel-- --- ----------- 627.0-28.0 21.0 5 300 23,100 West Neebish (downbound route): Course 4 at lower end of Lake Nicolet --------------------- 27.5 25.0 300 10,762 Course 5 at lower end of Lake Nicolet----------,- ------- 27.5 25.0 300 21.696 Angle, courses 5 and 6. --------- 28.5 24.8 300 3,348 Course 6, rock cut-,--.------. 28.5 26.2 300 9,863 Angle, courses 6 and 7..-....... 28.5 24.8 300 5,054 Course 7________________________ 27.5 425.0 300 10,746 Course 8, Moon Island ...--.... 27.5 25.0 300 12,600 Lake Munuscong, course 8 to Lime Island __--------- ---------- 28.0 25.0 1,000 33,460 Crab Island Shoal..........-....... 30.0 27.0 1,000 1,300 1Two channels past Bridge Island each 108 feet wide; minimum width of connecting channel, 304 feet. 2Opened to traffic July 1943. Lock 97 percent complete. s North draw past Bridge Island 24.3. '24.8 at lower dam. 5 For westerly 300-foot width of channel; easterly 200 feet of the 500-foot-wide channel has a project depth of 21.0 feet. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work---------------------------------------- $62, 009, 337 Maintenance----------------------------------- 24, 175, 690 ____ Total Total------ ------------------------------------ 86,185, 027 8,502 Public works funds: New work _----------------------------------- 158, 401 Total all funds- --- - $86, 343, 428 In addition, the sum of $7,028,127 was expended between 1881 and June 30, 1936, on operation and care of the works of improve- ment under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropria- tion for such purposes. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1335 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------- Appropriated........ $987,240 $117,110 $12,000 $1,500 $338,512 1$65,409,988 Cost-------------- 1,276,823 277,201 155,306 5,528 212,496 65,07g, 544 Maintenance: Appropriated-------_ 1,633,000 1,887,850 1,684,500 1,613,700 1,815,000 31,224,879 Cost................. ------------- 1,643,1121,777,806 1,699,1451,784,1151,773,687 31,205,993 1Includes $2,904,807 for new work for previous projects. 2 Includes -$1 pending adjustment. $ Included $2,176 pending.adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956..__ $337, 445 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------------- 1, 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_________________________________ 1, 837, 445 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completed of existing project------------------------ 85, 958, 819 2. CHANNELS IN THE STRAITS OF MACKINAC, MICH. Location. This waterway connects Lakes Michigan and Huron at their upper ends and is about 7 miles northeasterly from Mac- kinaw City, Mich. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 6) Existing project. This provides for a channel between Mac- kinac Island and Round Island, Mich., 1,250 feet wide, 30 feet deep and 3,250 feet long; and for removal of Poe Reef Shoal to a depth of 30 feet over an area of about 200,000 square yards. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Huron which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The estimated cost for new work (1956) is $2,849,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost for maintenance is $1,000, all for the channel between Round Island and Mackinac Island. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging channel between Round Island and R. and H. Comm. Doc. No. 2, 72d Mackinac Island, 1,250 feet wide, 27 feet deep and Cong., 1st sess. 3,250 feet long.' Removal of Poe Reef Shoal to a depth of 27 feet over R. and H. Comm. Doc. No. 53, an area of about 22,000 square yards. 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 21, 1956 Deepening channel between Round Island and S. Doc. No. 71, 84th Cong., 1st sess.2 (PL 434, Mackinac Island and removing Poe Reef Shoal, 84th Cong. to depths of 30 feet. 2d sess.). 1 Including the Public Works Administration Program, September 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published maps. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. See project for Re- connaissance and Condition Surveys. 1336 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Conditions at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of March 21, 1956 was completed in 1935 for the channel between Round Island and Mackinac and 1937 for the removal of Poe Reef Shoal. The work was done at a savings un- der the estimated cost of $14,000 for the channel between Round Island and Mackinac Island and $20,455 for removal of Poe Reef Shoal. No work has been done on the last modification of the project for 30-foot project depth. The controlling depth is 27 feet. The costs have been as follows: Regular fund: New work ----------------------------------------- $29, 544 Maintenance----------------------- - 7, 831 Total------------------------ 37, 375 Public Works funds-new work--- ----- 419, 400 Total, all funds-------------------------- $456, 775 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--............. .....------------ ---- -------..----------- ------------ ----------- $448,944 Cost--------------------------- ----------- --------------------------------- 448,944 Maintenance: Appropriated-----........ ------------------------ ---------- ----------------------- 7,831 Cost--------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 7,831 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-...-- $2,400,056 3. ST. CLAIR RIVER, MICH. Location. This river is about 40 miles long and flows in a southerly direction from Lake Huron into Lake St. Clair. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 43.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1337 Existing project. This provides for channels as follows: Distance Used by Project datum Length of from upbound or Project Project planes above Name of channel channel mouth of downbound width depth mean tide at river vessels New York Feet Miles Feet Feet Feet Channel at foot of Lake 38,000 40.0 Both-...... 800 30.0 578.5-578.3 Huron. Port Huron to Marysville_ 23,000 33.0 ..... do_..... 1,000-1,400 27.4 577.3-576.9 Marysville to Stag Island. 8,000 31.0 ..... do...... 1,000 27.4 576.8-576.6 Stag Island-East Chan- 15,000 31 Upbound 450 20.0 576.6-576.3 nel.' auxiliary. Stag Island to St. Clair 32,000 27.0 Both ._.. 1,000 27.3 576.5-575.9 (including widening at upper and lower ends of Stag Island). St. Clair to head of Rus- 25,000 11.0 ....- do...... 1,000 27.3 .575.8-574.6 sell Island. Head of Russell Island to 21,000 ............-- ... _do-.... 700-1,000 27.2 574.6-574.0 Southeast Bend. Southeast Bend 2 C.S. 324+00 to C.S. -do_ 7,400 ................ ... 800 27.1 574.0-573.9 250+00. C.S. 250+00 to C.S. 25,000 ............ ..... do ..... 800 27.1 573.9-573.5 0+00. North Channel outlet .... 8,000 --------. Small craft.. 100 10.0 573.5 1 Channel west of Stag Island is proposed to be used for both upbound and downbound traffic. Exist- ing channel has depth of 27.3 feet. 2 Cutoff channel may be constructed in Canada if determined to be feasible. The project also provides for compensating works, consisting of a number (estimated at 31) of submerged rock sills, with crests 31 feet below datum. The project depths are referred to local low Water datums which correspond to low water datums for Lakes Huron and St. Clair, which are 578.5 and 573.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The water level of this river fluctuates with the levels of the lakes above and below it, which during the course of each year are sub- ject to a consistent seasonal rise and fall, the lowest stages pre- vailing during the winter months and the highest during the sum- mer months. At the head of St. Clair River, as measured by monthly mean levels, the water may rise and fall each year during the navigation season as much as 1.3 feet. Since 1900 the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean level during the navigation season has been about 4.5 feet. Occasional fluctuations due to winds of high velocity may be as much as 3.5 feet in 6 hours. The River and Harbor Act, approved July 24, 1946, approved the modification of the project to provide for widening and deepen- ing the Southeast Bend and improvement of the outlet of the North Channel, St. Clair River, in general accordance with the following descriptions: (a) That the two-way channel at Southeast Bend, St. Clair River, from light 12 to St. Clair Flats Canal, be widened to a width of 700 to 800 feet, with a depth of 26 feet for 24-foot navigation; (b) that the North Channel outlet at the mouth of the St. Clair River be widened to provide a channel 100 feet wide and 10 feet deep from lower St. Clair River to Lake St. Clair, for small craft, apart from the regular steamboat channels. The Act approved March 21, 1956, provides for a project safe draft of 25.5 feet over the full width of the downbound and two- 1338 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 way channels, for two-way traffic, when the levels of Lakes Huron and St. Clair are at their respective low water datums; except that a cutoff channel may be constructed in Canada at Southeast Bend, generally in accordance with the alternate plan of the District Engineer for that section and with such modification thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers is advisable, in lieu of further improvement along the existing alinement, if prior to the initiation of construction in this reach accomplishment of the cut- off is found to be feasible; at an estimated additional cost to the United States of $6,000,000 for new work and $10,000 annually for maintenance. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $23,939,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of dredged channels is $65,000, including $1,500 for maintenance in the outlet to North Channel. The project feature for construction of the compensating works consisting of submerged rock sills is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this feature was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $10,600,000, for construction. No expense of maintenance will probably be required for the submerged sills. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 13, 1892 20-foot channel in the river_ ----------------- ____ H. Doc. 207, 51st Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 Deepening of channel 1 to 25 and 26 feet, and compen- H. Doc. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess. sating works. (contains latest published map). Mar. 2, 1945 Widening channel at Southeast Bend to 700 feet . H. Doc. 309, 77th Cong., 1st sess. July 24, 1946 Widening and deepening the Southeast Bend and H. Doec. 335, 80th Cong., 1st sess. improvement of the outlet of the North Channel, St. Clair River. 2 Mar. 21, 1956 Deepening and further improving the channels in St. S. Doc. 71, 84th Cong., 1st sess. (PL 434, Clair River to depth of 27.1 to 30.0 feet to provide 84th Cong. safe navigation by vessels with drafts of 25.5 feet. 2d sess.). Provide a cutoff channel in Canada at Southeast Bend, if it is found to be feasible. 1 The compensating works portion of the project is considered to be inactive. Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. This improvement serves the through com- merce between the upper and lower lakes, and it has not materially influenced the terminal facilities at the towns along its route which consist only of small docks for the accomodation of local traffic. At Port Huron, Mich., these are 6 privately owned docks for re- ceiving coal, stone, petroleum products and wood pulp, and 1 public terminal for general cargo. At Marysville, Mich., there are 2 privately owned docks for receiving coal and shipping salt. At St. Clair, Mich., there is 1 privately owned dock for receiving coal and at Marine City, Mich., there is 1 privately owned dock for receiving coal and stone. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over the channel at the mouth of Black River Channel, through Russell Island shoal, and in a portion of South- RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1339 east Bend Channel, during July 1955 and May and June 1956, at a cost of $16,216. The cost of supervision and administration of the project was $584. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $16,800. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of March 21, 1956, exclusive of the compensating works, widening and deepening Southeast Bend, and improvement of the outlet of the North Channel, was completed in 1937. No work has been done on the last modification of the project, pro- viding for deepening the downbound and two-way channels. The following table gives the project depths, and controlling depths, widths, and lengths of the several channels covered by the project at the end of the fiscal year: Length Minimum Project Controlling Name of channel channel width depth depth (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) Channel at foot of Lake Huron----------------................ 38,000 800 30.0 25.5 Port Huron to Marysville---------------------..................... 23,000 1,000 27.4 25.0 Marysville to Stag Island--...--------- ---------- 8,000 1,000 27.4 25.0 Stag Island-east channel................---------------------- 15,000 450 20.0 21.0 Stag Island to St. Clair (including widening at upper and lower ends of Stag Island) ....... 32,000 1,000 27.3 25.0 St. Clair to head of Russell Island------------- 25,000 1,000 27.3 25.0 Head of Russell Island to Southeast Bend..... 21,000 700 27.2 25.0 Southeast Bend: C. S. 324+00 to C. S. 250+00_ --------------- 7,400 700-800 27.1 25.0 C. S. 250+00 to C. S. 0+00------------------ 25,000 700 27.1 25.0 North Channel outlet----------------------- -- 8,000 100 10.0 ----------- The costs of existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work_ -------------------- $1,448, 269 Maintenance ____________-_-_-_--_ 1, 579, 846 Total _ _ 3,028,115 Total --- _----------------------------------------- Public works funds, new work ----------------- 08 660 1, 671, 1 Emergency Relief Act funds__ 49, 419 Total, all funds---------- ____ ----- - 4,749,194 $--- Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .----------.---------------------------- ----------- $3,169,348 Cost------------------ ----------------------- -----------------------. 3,169,348 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- ........ $19,800 $49,443 $44,000 $76,411 $17,000 1,580,730 Cost----------------- 23,485 49,443 41,935 77,792 116,810 1,579,857 1 Includes $11 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -- $150, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957________---_------------------- 150, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 2 20, 619, 652 2 Does not include $10,600,000 for the inactive portion of the:project. 1340 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 4. CHANNELS IN LAKE ST. CLAIR, MICH. Location--Lake St. Clair is the smallest of the Great Lakes. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 42.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, March 2, 1867, and March 3, 1878. For further details, see page 2882, Annual Report for 1896; pages 1957-1958, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1539, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 700 feet wide and 27.5 feet deep from the mouth of the south channel of the St. Clair River to the open channel in Lake St. Clair, thence increas- ing to 800 feet width for the same depth in a length of about 2 miles and maintaining such channel dimensions across Lake St. Clair to the head of Detroit River; and for the construction of a stone riprapped earth dike, 7,221 feet long, on the east side of the mouth of the south channel of St. Clair River. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake St. Clair, which is 573.5 feet above mean tide at New York. As measured by monthly mean levels, the water may rise and fall during the navigation season each year as much as 1.4 feet. Since 1860 the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean level during the navigation season has been about 4.5 feet. Occasional fluctuations due to winds of high velocity may be as much as 1 foot in 6 hours. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $8,107,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by'the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 2 dikes................................... Annual Report, 1885, p. 2159. July 13, 1892 Deepening the canal and dredging the channel at H. Doc. 207, 51st Cong., 2d sess. Grosse Pointe. June 13, 1902 Mar. 2, 1919 Second canal for downbound vessels_-------------- 21-foot depth in Grosse Pointe Channel for length of H. Doc. 234, 56th Cong., 2d sess. H. Doc. 188, 65th Cong., 1st sess. about 5% miles. July 3, 1930 25-foot depth through the canals and the channel H. Doc. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess. through Lake St. Clair. Aug. 30, 19351 Removal of center dike and widening the channel to Rivers and Harbors Committee 700 feet. Doc. 3, 72d Cong., 1st sess. 2 Mar. 21, 1956 Deepening the channel to 27.5 feet--------------- S. Doe. 71, 84th Cong., 1st sess. (PL 454, 84thCong., 2d sess.). 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over the entire project during July and August 1955 at a cost of $17,450. Repairs and replacement to the con- trol system were accomplished at a cost of $270. The cost of supervision and administration of the project was $638. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the St. Clair Flats channel during the period August 27, 1955, to September 25, RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1341 1955, removing 210,945 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $60,025. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $78,383. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of March 21, 1956, was completed in 1936. No work has been done on the last modification, which provides for deepening the channels to 27.5 feet. The construction of the easterly dike was completed in 1892, the removal of the center dike in 1934, and the dredging of the present channel in 1936. The controlling depth throughout the project is 25.0 feet. The east dike is in very poor condition. The costs have been as follows: Regular funds: New work ----------------------------------------- $2, 528, 127 Maintenance---------------------------------------- 1, 139, 944 Total ---- --------------------------------------- 3, 668, 071 Public works funds--new work ------------ 1, 008,595 Total, all funds- $4, 676, 666 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ---------------------------------------------------------- -- $4,192,782 Cost--------- --------------------------------------------------------- 4,192,782 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ $11,000 $9,650------------ ............ $11,300 $74,000 1,376,521 Cost----------------- 14,673 ----------- 9,650 ............ 5,686 278,220 1,375,127 1Includes $656,060 for new work and $235,346.42 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes -$163 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $50, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_--------------------------------- 50, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------- 4, 520, 278 5. DETROIT RIVER, MICH. Location. This river is about 31 miles long and flows in a southerly direction from Lake St. Clair into Lake Erie. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 41.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, July 5, 1884, August 5, 1886, August 11, 1888, July 13, 1892, and March 3, 1899. For further details see page 1958 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1541 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a two-way channel 28.5 feet deep and 800 feet wide through shoals at head of river, to and through the Fighting Island Channel, and 28.5 feet deep and 600 feet wide through Ballards Reef north of junction with Living- stone Channel; for a downbound channel, known as Livingstone Channel, west of Bois Blanc Island, 27.7 feet deep and at least 450 1342 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 feet wide for a length of 26,000 feet, thence 29 feet deep and at least 450 feet wide for a length of 23,100 feet, thence 28.5 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide to the 28.5 foot contour in Lake Erie, passing east of Detroit River Lighthouse, the lower section, 1,200 feet wide, being used for both upbound and downbound traffic; for an up- bound channel, known as the Amherstburg Channel, at least 600 feet wide, with a depth of 21 feet in the easterly 300-foot width and 28.5 in the westerly 300-foot width, from the lower junction with Livingstone Channel to the head of the Hackett Range reach, thence 21 feet deep in the easterly 300-foot width and 27.5 feet in the westerly 300-foot width, passing along the east side of Bois Blanc Island to the foot of Ballards Reef Channel, and thence 27.5 feet deep and 600 feet wide to the head of Livingstone Channel; for an auxiliary downbound channel, 22 feet deep and 800 feet wide, passing to the west of Detroit River Light; for a dike on the west bank of the rock cut through Livingstone Channel to amelior- ate cross currents; for compensating waste banks, between Living- stone and Amherstburg Channels at their north junction .and along the west side of Amherstburg Channel below Bois Blanc Island; for improving channels to Wyandotte by removing shoal at head of Grosse Ile and by dredging through the Middle Ground opposite the head of Fighting Island; for improving Trenton Chan- nel (west of Grosse Ile), 21 feet deep and 250 feet wide, extending from deep water near the head of the island to a point 2,300 feet below the lower Grosse Ile Bridge, ending in a turning basin of the same depth of 29 acres in area; and for improving the Ameri- can Channel passing north of Belle Isle, from deep water near Windmill Point to a point opposite Fairview Slip, to a depth of 21 feet and a width of 200 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1343 The following table shows the characteristic features of the ex- isting project: Distance Used by Project datum Length of from upbound or Project Project planes above Name of channel channel mouth of downbound width depth mean tide at river vessels New York Feet Miles Feet Feet Feet Channel north of Belle (2) 23 Both ...... 200 21.0 573.0 Isle.' Channel at head of De- 37,000 23 Both ....... 800 28,5 573.3-572.8 troit River. Miscellaneous shoals and 43,000 16 Both ........ 800 28.5 572.8-571.7 obstructions, Belle Isle to Fighting Island. Fighting Island Channel 24,800 11 Both ....... 800 28.5 571.7 Ballards Reef Channel 13,000 8 Both ....... 600 28.5 571.25 north of junction with Livingstone Channel. Livingstone upper. Channel, 26,000 1 Down -...... 450 27.7 571.25 Livingstone Channel, lower: C.S. 2600 to C.S. 3600_ 10,000 -----------. Down .... 450-800 29.0 570.5 C.S. 3600 to C.S. 4910 13,100 ......... Both........ 800-1,000 29.0 570.5 Channel passing east of 45,000 .......----.. Both ...... 1,200 28.5 570.5 Detroit River Light. Misc. shoals and obstruc- --------............ Both---. - -.- ........ - 28.5 570.5 tions, Detroit River to Pelee Passage. Pelee Passage Shoal----.... . --.. --............ Both--.--__.. ..---.-- 28.5 570.5 Amherstburg Channel: Upper section, Bal- 5,700 7 Up.......... 600 27.5 571.25-571.0 lards Reef Channel. Middle section- ..... 12,000 .....-----------....Up ........ 600 21-27.5 571.0-570.6 Lower section, Hack- 20,900 .........-- Up ........ 600 421-28.5 570.6-570.5 ett Range. Channel passing west of 21,000 ..-----------..... Down ._.... 800 22.0 570.5 Detroit River Light. Wyandotte Channel..... 2,400 15 Local....... 300 21.0 571.8 Grosse IleShoal---------........ 600 13 Local----._ __ _--_------_ 20.0 571.8 Trenton Channel (West 19,400 6 Local ...... 250 21.0 571.7-571.1 ofGrosse Ile). 1Channel north of Belle Isle is a side channel. 2Extends from deep water near Windmill Point to a point opposite Fairview Slip, approximately 3,000 feet. 3 Project depth 21 feet in easterly 300-foot width of channel and 27.5 feet in westerly 300-foot width. 4 Project depth 21 feet in easterly 300-foot width of channel and 28.5 feet in westerly 300-foot width. The project depths are referred to local low water datum planes which correspond to low water datum for Lakes St. Clair and Erie and are taken at 573.5 and 570.5 feet, respectively, above mean tide at New York. Each year during the navigation season the river rises and falls about 2 feet as measured by the monthly mean levels. Since 1906 the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean level during the navigation season has been about 4.0 feet. Occasional fluctuations in depths of several feet, produced by high easterly or westerly winds, respectively, raise or lower the water level at the west end of Lake Erie, and similarly affect the level of the lower Detroit River; such changes have been as much as 6 feet within 8 hours. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $94,549,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $207,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1344 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 Amherstburg Channel and removal of Grosse Ile H. Docs. 712, 56th Cong., 1st sess., Mar. 3, 1905 shoal. and 40, 58th Cong., 3d sess. June 25, 1910 Mar. 4, 1913 Fighting Island Channel ---------------------- H. Doec. 17, 62d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1907 [H. Does. 266, 59th Cong., 2d sess.; June 25, 1910 Livingstone Channel ------------------------ 676, 61st Cong., 2d sess.; and 322, Mar. 2, 1919 [ 65th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Channel depths of 26 and 25 feet_ ----------------- H. Doe. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 19352 Channel to Wyandotte 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide Rivers and Harbors Committee through the Middle Ground opposite the head of Doc. 1, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' Fighting Island. Aug. 26, 1937 Trenton Channel and turning basin (west of Grosse H. Doec. 205, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' Ile.). Mar. 2, 1945 American Channel north of Belle Isle between Wind- H. Doec. 734, 79th Cong., 2d sess. mill Point and Fairview slip, Detroit. July 24, 1946 Deepening the westerly 300 feet of Amherstburg H. Doec. 335, 80th Cong., 1st sess. Channel and Ballards' Reef Channel below Living- stone Channel to 27 feet to provide depths ade- quate for 24-foot draft navigation when the gov- erning lakes are at datum, with necessary widening at approaches and bends and construction of neces- sary compensating works, Detroit River. May 17, 1950 Extending turning basin in Trenton Channel 600 S. Doc. 30, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' feet, dredging through east draw of lower Grosse Ile Bridge, and extending 300-foot width of channel north of lower Grosse Ile Bridge. Mar. 21, 1956 Channel depth of 28.5 feet throughout the down- S. Doec. 71, 84th Cong., 1st sess.1 (PL 434, bound and two-way channels, except in the upper 84th Cong., (27.7-foot depth) and lower (29-foot depth) Living- 2d sess.). stone Channel; and in the up-bound channel, 27.5- foot depth in Ballard Reef Channel below the junc- tion with Livingstone Channel, 27.5-foot depth in the westerly 300-foot width of the Limekiln Cross- ing and Amherstburg Reaches, and 28.5-foot depth in the westerly 300-foot width of Hackett Reach; with necessary compensation works. Also 28.5- foot depth in Lake Erie from Detroit River to Pelee Passage Shoal, inclusive. 1 COntain latest published maps. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed portions of project. For the American channel north of Belle Isle as authorized by the Act of 1945, local interests are required to fur- nish free of cost to the United States, suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. For the Trenton Channel modification approved May 17, 1950, responsible local agencies are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works. No local cooperation is required in connection with the modifications authorized by the Acts of July 24, 1946 and March 21, 1956. Terminal facilities. Within the limits of the port of Detroit are more than 8.4 linear miles of docks fronting on the river, and the appliances for handling freight are adequate. A number of docks are owned by railroads and large manufacturing corpora- tions over which no freight is received except for their own use. Other docks are owned by steamship lines, where preference is given to their own vessels. There are, however, still other docks RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1345 that are open to the use of all vessels upon equal terms including one with terminal warehouse. Present terminals are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. New work: Additional field surveys and borings for Amherstburg Channel were accomplished by hired labor, at a total cost of $16,107 for the fiscal year. Maintenance: Condition surveys were made over the channel passing east of Detroit River Light and Lower Living- stone Channel in July and August 1955 and May and June 1956 at a cost of $38,025. The cost of supervision and administration of the project was $1,426. The location and removal of obstructions above 21-foot depth in the Amherstburg Channel and above 26-foot depth in the Living- stone Channel, a total channel length of about 8 miles, were accom- plished by sweeping survey and the U. S. derrick boat Huron at a cost of $39,907. Repairs were made to the compensating dikes by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $10,084. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in lower Livingstone Channel and the channel passing east of Detroit River Light dur- ing the period July 28, 1955, to August 26, 1955, removing 214,858 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $133,787. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $223,229. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modifications of March 21, 1956, with the exception of the channel north of Belle Isle, deepening the westerly 300 feet of the Amherstburg Channel and the Ballards 'Reef Channel (south of its junction with the Livingstone Channel), and extending the turning basin in Trenton Channel, was completed in 1941. The work done consists of dredging, rock excavation, and the con- struction of dikes and compensating works. The dikes are gen- erally in good condition. The Sugar Island compensating dike still shows signs of erosion and weathering. The following table gives project depths, controlling depths, widths, lengths, and date of completion of the several channels covered by the project at the close of the fiscal year: Length Minimum Project Controlling Date of Name of channel channel width depth depth completion Feet Feet Feet Feet Channel north of Belle Isle ........-.. ------- (1) 200 21..................... Shoals at head of Detroit River.......---------. 37,000 800 28.5 25.0 Fighting Island Channel_- ---------- 24,800 800 28.5 26.0 Ballards Reef Channel (north of junc- tion with Livingstone Channel)...... 13,000 600 28.5 26.0 Livingstone Channel_ _------------ 36,000 450 27.7-29.0 26.0 Bar Point Channel-__----- _ ___-_ 12,300 800 28.5 26.0 Channel passing east of Detroit River Light-...-.------------------ 24,000 1,200 28.5 26.0 Ballards Reef Channel (south of junc- tion with Livingstone Channel)- .... 5,700 600 2 28.5 a 21.0 Amherstburg Channel_ ___--.... ..... 36,800 600 2 28.5 $ 21.0 Channel passing west of Detroit River Light......----------------------------- 21,000 800 22 20.1 1929 Wyandotte Channel__---------------- 2,400 300 21 21.0 1933 Grosse Ile Shoal_ --- . 600 _.......... 20 19.5 1904 Trenton Channel__-........ .---..----- 19,400 250 21 21.0 4 1941 1 Extends from deep water near Windmill Point to a point opposite Fairview Slip ,approximately 3,000feet 2 Project depth 21 feet in easterly 300 feet width of channel and 27 feet westerly 300 feet width. * No work has been done in westerly half. SNo work has been done to extend the turning basin. 1346 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, II. S. ARMY, 1956 The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work Maintenance $2,1710 2, 526, 307 ------------------------------------------- Maintenance----------------------------------------2,%526,9307 Total ------------------------------------------ 22, 663, 412 Public works funds -------------------------------------- 1,530, 688 Total, all funds----------------------------------$24, 194, 100 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------........ --$8,063 -------.....---------------............ $88,000 $8,500 1$23,770,430 Cost-------------------......... ---------- 75,010 214,811 123,763,751 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ 158,000 $151,154 $358,000 228,500 224,000 2,529,083 Cost---------------- 159,178 167,018 360,464 228,039 8222,932 2,526,010 1 Includes $2,097,254 for new work for previous projects. 2Includes -$1,296 pending adjustment. s Includes -$297 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $4, 843 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -- ____ _________- 3,300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- ___.__-_ 3, 304, 843 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ 69, 575, 824 6. WHITEFISH POINT HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is located on the south shore of Lake Superior 40 miles northwesterly from Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., and 49 miles easterly from Grand Marais, Mich. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 92.) Existing project. This provides for two converging break- waters 140 feet apart at their outer ends, having lengths of 430 feet and 720 feet for the north and south breakwaters, respective- ly; and for a harbor basin within the breakwaters 12 feet deep with a maximum width of 230 feet and a length of 625 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated cost for new work, made in 1956, is $709,000. The latest (1945) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $1,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 446, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). This document contains the latest publish map. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1347 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is 1 privately owned fishing wharf with a length of 225 feet. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been started on this project to date. At the end of the fiscal year a controlling depth of 1 foot was available in the anchorage area. The total costs were $8,920 all for new work. The total expendi- tures were $8,920. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work _ ------------- --------------------- $8, 920 Maintenance ------- -------- Total _ -___ $8, 920 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ------ ----------- -----------. ----------- ----------- $8,920 Cost ------------------------------------------------------------------ 8,920 Other new work data: Appropriated for suceeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $100, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________-_____________-____- ___ 100, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__________------------------------- 600, 080 7. MANISTIQUE HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is on the north shore of Lake Michigan, about 135 miles northeasterly from Green Bay Harbor and 220 miles northerly from Milwaukee. (See United States Lake Sur- vey Chart No. 701.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. Further details, see page 1933 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1422 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for 2 breakwaters extending from the shore on either side of the mouth of the Manistique River, 1,744 feet and 1,480 feet in length for the east and west breakwaters, respectively, and for a pier 375 feet long on the west side at the river mouth. It further provides for an entrance channel 19 feet deep from that depth in the lake to a point about 300 feet landward of the harbor entrance, thence 18 feet.to a point about 1,150 feet upstream from the mouth of the river, and thence 18 feet, except where rock is encountered at less depth, for a further distance of about 500 feet, with widths of 276 feet at the breakwater entrance, increasing to 475 feet through the outer basin, decreasing to 215 feet at the river mouth, thence varying 1348 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 from 180 feet to 325 feet at the upper limit; the total length of channel being about 4,100 feet. The breakwaters are formed of stone-filled piling and timber cribs, capped with concrete super- structure; the west pier is formed of stone-filled plank cribs. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuation of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $769,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $100,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1905 Breakwaters and outer Harbor----------___--. H. Doc. 429, 58th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1907 Present location of west breakwater and pier at river Annual Report, 1908, p. 648, and mouth. unpublished report of Mar. 13, 1908, approved by Secretary of War, Apr. 3, 1908. May 17, 1950 Present project dimensions of channel ...-__........ H. Doc. 721, 80th Cong., 2d sess.x 1Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of May 17, 1950, provided that responsible local agencies shall furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction work and the subsequent maintenance thereof. Local interests were notified on July 19, 1950, of the required conditions and requested to furnish assurances that they will be met. Negotiations for the above as- surances are in progress. All prior requirements have been com- plied with. Terminal facilities. In addition to a car-ferry slip there are 2 coal and building material wharves, 2 fishing wharves, and numerous lumberyard slips. While these facilities are considered fairly adequate for existing commerce, it is believed that a wharf, with rail connection and under public control, should be provided. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over the entire project during June 1956 at a cost of $712. Revisory surveys were made by the U. S. Lake Survey at a cost of $500. Dredging with the U. S. bucket dredge Tompkins to restore project depth in the entrance channel was begun July 14, 1955 and completed July 29, 1955, removing 25,881 cubic yards, scow measure, of shoal material at a cost of $26,238. The cost of supervision and administration of the project was $77. Total costs during the fiscal year for maintenance were $27,527. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of May 17, 1950, was completed in 1917. No work has been done on the last modification of the project provid- RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1349 ing for present dimensions of channel. The construction of the breakwaters inclosing the basin was commenced in May 1911 and completed in November 1914. Construction of the plank-crib pier was commenced in May 1909 and completed in October 1909. Dredging of the channel to 18 feet over practically all the area below the car-ferry slip was commenced in June 1915 and com- pleted in July 1915. Dredging of the channel above the slip to ledge rock was commenced in July 1917 and completed in August 1917. The breakwaters are in generally good condition. The plank-crib pier is in a very dilapidated condition and should be rebuilt. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 16.0 feet in the channel through the outer basin to the river mouth, thence 14.3 feet in the river to about 500 feet above the car-ferry slip, decreasing to about 11.6 feet along the easterly limit of the channel opposite the car-ferry slip. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New workNew work--------- ------------------------------- ____-__ ___ $3725 $307, 252 Maintenance -______________3------------ 97, 640 Total__ ------------------------------------- -- $704, 892 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated..... ------------ ----------------------------------------------- 1 $311,207 Cost ------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 1311,207 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $500 $17,000 $29,800 $40,500 $28,000 398,097 Cost----------------- 1,414 1,665 245,545 841,520 427,531 397,644 1 Includes $3,955 for new work for previous projects. S Includes -$60 pending adjustment. a Includes $60 pending adjustment. ' Includes $ pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------_ $461, 748 8. ST. JOSEPH HARBOR, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 60 miles easterly from Chicago and about 24 miles southerly from South Haven. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 758.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 4, 1836, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 23, 1866, March 3, 1875, June 14, 1.880, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1945 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1470 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the mouth of the St. Joseph River by 2 piers, 250 to 325 feet apart at their inner and outer ends, respectively, having lengths of 2,854 feet on the north side and 2,603 feet on the south side. It further provides for a channel 21 feet deep from Lake Michigan to the 1350 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 mouth of the Benton Harbor Canal, a length of about 6,900 feet, with widths of 265 feet at the outer end of the piers, 190 feet at the inner end of the piers and revetments, thence generally 215 feet to the lower end of the turning basin, increasing to 250 feet above the turning basin to the mouth of the Paw Paw River, thence generally 110 feet in the Paw Paw River to the mouth of the Benton Harbor Canal; for dredging the channel in the Benton Harbor Canal up to the west line of Ninth Street, a length of about 2,800 feet, to a depth of 18 feet and width of 80 feet; for dredging a turning basin 18 feet deep on the north side of channel above the mouth of the Morrison Channel; and that the turning basin near the mouth of the Paw Paw River be eliminated from the project. The piers and revetments are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, capped with concrete superstructure. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $483,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $150,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 3 Mar. 3, 1875 Interior revetment 1___________________-______________ H. Ex. Doc. 160, 43d Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1875, pt. 1, p. 263. June 14, 1880 Benton Harbor Canal 1____------ Annual Report, 1880, pp. 2030, 2031, and 2049-2055. Mar. 3, 1899 For present project dimensions of the piers and for a H. Doc. 307, 55th Cong., 2d sess., turning basin, and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2496. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of the channel and turn- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing basin, near mouth of Paw Paw River. Doc. 52, 74th Cong., 1st sess. June 2, 19372 Abandonment of the easterly 1,000 feet of the canal above the west line of 9th St. Mar. 2, 1945 Turning basin above mouth of Morrison Channel H. Doc. 129, 76th Cong., 1st sess. and elimination of turning basin near mouth of Paw Paw River. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Public 130, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 3 Contains latest published map. Recommended modification of project. On November 1, 1955, the Chief of Engineers recommended the modification of the exist- ing project for St. Joseph Harbor, Mich., to provide for continued maintenance of the old turning basin in the St. Joseph River near the mouth of the Paw Paw River, in accordance with the plan of the district engineer, and with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineer may be advisable, at no first cost to the United States for new work, and at an annual cost of $300 for maintenance, in addition to that now required. The recommended modification was submitted to Congress on January 3, 1956. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1351 Local cooperation. The act of March 2, 1945, provided that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance as required and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the dredging of the turning basin just above the mouth of Morrison Channel. Assurances of local cooperation were furnished by the city of St. Joseph and were approved by the Chief of Engineers on January 22, 1951. All prior requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are several wharves used for handling coal, building materials, petroleum products, and miscel- laneous commodities and one shipbuilding yard. A package- freight terminal is also available for use. While these facilities are generally adequate for existing traffic conditions, a public wharf open for all on equal terms should be provided. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Advance planning for the turning basin above the mouth of Morrison Channel was completed at a cost of $9,027. A contract for construction of the turning basin in the estimated amount of $85,680, was awarded to the Lyons Construction Company, White- hall, Mich., in June 1956. Total costs this fiscal year for new work were $9,027, all for advance planning. Maintenance: Condition surveys were made over the entire project during March 1956 at a cost of $2,931. Revisory surveys were made by the United States Lake Survey at a cost of $500. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the entrance and river channel during the period March 27, 1956, to April 7, 1956, removing 66,152 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $26,784. The cost for supervision and administration of the project was $157. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $30,372. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of March 2, 1945, was completed in 1938. No construction work has been done. The piers and revetments com- pleted in 1904 are in generally good condition except that a portion of the north revetment and pier requires repairs. Dredging of the channel to existing project depth was commenced in August 1938 and completed in October 1938. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 24 feet in the entrance channel; thence 21 feet in the channel between the piers to Benton Harbor Canal and 17.3 feet in Benton Harbor Canal decreasing to 14.7 feet at Ninth Street. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work------------ ---------- --------------- $375, 710 Maintenance ---- ----------------------------------- 1, 286, 457 Total --------------------------- $1, 662,167 1352 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---- --........ --..----- _ _ - . ___------------ ------------ $116,000 1$985,796 e. ... Cost ---------------- ------------ ------------ --- - -- - - - 4 9,173 1878,969 Maintenance: Appropriated-----. $111,500 $63,000 $62,000 $6,300 32,500 1,290,061 Cost--------.-. ---.. 90,828 85,649 258,147 4,842 '30,249 1,286,334 1 Includes $503,113 for new work for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $59,792, plus pending adjustment of $24; and less stock on hand June 30, 1953, included in 1954 costs, in amount of $1,669. 3 Operations and results during fiscal year $4,966, less pending adjustment of $24, plus cost of stock transferred to work of $100. SIncludes $146 pending adjustment. 2 Includes -$123 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -_____ $21,147 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________---------------___--_____ 21, 147 9. SOUTH HAVEN HARBOR, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 77 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 24 miles northerly from St. Joseph. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 76.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, August 2, 1882, and August 11, 1888. (For further details, see p. 1947 of Annual Report for 1915, and p. 1473 of Annual Report for 1938.) Existing project. This provides for protecting the mouth of Black River by 2 piers and revetments, 190 to 166 feet apart, with lengths of 2,143 feet and 2,182 feet for the north and south sides, respectively; for an entrance channel 21 feet deep to the shoreline; thence a channel 19 feet deep and 130 feet wide, extending up the river to a turning basin 375 feet wide and 19 feet deep, located immediately below the Dyckman Avenue Bridge. The length of entrance channel to the inner end of the piers is about 2,700 feet and in the river to the bridge 2,400 feet. The piers and revet- ments are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and piling and are capped with concrete. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/ feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost of new work (1954) is $204,000, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The enlargement of the turning basin portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1353 cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $112,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $26,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11, 1888 Channel from inner end of piers to highway bridge 1__ No prior survey or estimate. Mar. 3, 1905 Present dimension of piers and for a turning basin-__ H. Doc. 119, 58th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Present3 project dimensions of channel and turning Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 basin. Doec.9, 73d Cong., 1st sess. and unpublished review report of Chief of Engineers, dated Dec. 21, 1934. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. 8 The enlargement of the turning basin is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. The act of August 30, 1935, provided "that no expense shall be incurred by the United States for acquiring of any lands required for the purpose of this improvement." Ac- cording to latest information, no land will be required, as enlarge- ment of the basin is not desired by local interests. All prior re- quirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of several wharves used for handling coal, building materials, wood pulp, fish, and miscel- laneous commodities. The city has constructed a municipal wharf and warehouse. The municipal wharf is leased to a private corporation which operates it in the interest of general commerce on like terms for like service. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made over the entire project during March and April 1956 at a cost of $2,184. Revisory surveys were made by the U. S. Lake Survey at a cost of $500. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the entrance and river channels during the period April 9, 1956, thru April 18, 1956, removing 42,542 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $17,061. The cost of supervision and administration of the project was $130. An adjustment was made for dredging which was completed in the previous fiscal year and involved a reduction in cost of $1,391. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $18,484. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- plete except for the enlargement of the turning basin, which is not now desired by local interests. The present width of the turning basin is 260 feet. The piers and revetments completed in 1913 are in generally good condition, except that a portion of the north pier requires repairs. Dredging of the channel and existing turning basin to existing project depth, was commenced in May 1938, and completed in June 1938. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21 feet in the entrance channel and 19 feet in the channel between the piers and the turning basin. 1354 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work .. ------------------------------- $204, 047 Maintenance ___-_______ -_____- -- 993, 733 Total ----------------------------- $1,197,780 Cost anc financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--- ------------ ---------------........................----------------------------- $391,280 Cost-------------------------------------------------------------------- 391,280 Maintenance: Appropriated-------....... $1,500 $29,200 $37,700 $35,600 $25,000 1,134,382 Cost----------------- 1,368 29,240 237,749 332,706 418,591 1,125,079 1 Includes $187,233 for new work and $131,239 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes -$2,091 pending adjustment. 8 Includes $2,098 pending adjustment. 4 Includes $107 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _____________--- (5) 5 Does not include $112,000 for the inactive portion of project. 10. SAUGATUCK HARBOR AND KALAMAZOO RIVER, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, dis- tance about 90 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 22 miles northerly from South Haven. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 76.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1868, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870. For further details, see page 1947 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1475 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel be- tween parallel piers, 200 feet apart, having lengths of 2,778 and 2,514 feet for the north and south piers, respectively, and for a channel 16 feet deep and 100 feet wide, extending from that depth in Lake Michigan to the mouth of the river, thence 14 feet deep, 90 feet wide, in the Kalamazoo River up to Saugatuck, a distance of 9,000 feet. The piers are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and piling and are capped with concrete except for the inner 276 feet of the north revetment. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $274,295 exclusive of the amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $26,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1355 The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 Entrance channel, piers, and revetments ..-----------. H. Doc. 192, 54th Cong., 1st sess., Annual Report, 1896, vol. 2, pt. 5, p. 2739. Mar. 2, 1907 Deepening entrance to 16 feet__ _------------------- Annual Report, 1907, p. 646. June 25, 1910 Deepening channel in river to 14 feet..---------------- H. Doc. 635, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Note. The latest published is in H. Doc. 608, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Recommended modifications of project. Legislation authoriz- ing the abandonment of the project has been recommended in House Document 292, 65th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. At the village of Saugatuck there are several landing places for small vessels and one for commercial vessels. At the village of Douglas there is a landing pier. The terminal facilities are available for general use and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over the entrance channel during May 1956 at a cost of $652. The U. S. bucket dredge Tompkins operated in the entrance channel during the period June 13, 1956, to June 26, 1956, removing 22,410- cubic yards, scow measure, of shoal ma- terial at a cost of $25,080. The cost of supervision and admini- stration of the project was $24. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $25,756. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1911. Pier construction and dredging between the piers was completed in 1908; dredging in the river was completed in 1911. The piers and revetments are in generally good condi- tion except that a portion of the south revetment has failed and should be rebuilt. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 12 feet in the channel between the piers and 9 feet in the river to Saugatuck. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work------------------------------ $274,295 Maintenance ------- 751,032 Total ----------------------------------------- -- $1,025, 327 1356 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated $364,527 6-------------- Cost----------------- --------------------------------------------------- 364,527 Maintenance: Appropriated --------........------------ $1,000 $1,350 ...----------- $26,300 751,576 Cost- --------------- ------------ 1,137 2430 $$782 4 26,053 751,329 1 Includes $90,232 for new work and $117,554 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Includes $1 pending adjustment. 8Includes -$1 pending adjustment. 4 Includes $297 pending adjustment. 11. HOLLAND HARBOR, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 95 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 23 miles southerly from Grand Haven. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 763.) Previous project. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, March 3, 1873, March 3, 1879, July 5, 1884, and July 13, 1892. For further details see page 1948 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1478 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the outlet of the channel from Lake Macatawa (formerly Black Lake) by 2 con- verging breakwaters having lengths of 752 and 801 feet for the north and south breakwaters, respectively, and with widths be- tween them of 300 feet at the outer end and 740 feet at the inner end; for the inner piers and revetments along the channel from Lake Macatawa, about 180 feet apart for a distance of 614 feet from the outer end, thence flaring to 285 feet apart abreast the angle in the north revetment and thence converging to about 200 feet apart at the inner end; with lengths of 1,765 and 1,634 feet for the north and south piers, respectively, for dredging a channel 23 feet deep from that depth in Lake Michigan to a point 400 feet inside the entrance between the breakwaters, thence decreasing to 21 feet at the outer end of the inner piers and through Lake Macatawa to the upper end of the project, in Black River; the width of the channel being 300 feet through the outer harbor, thence reducing to 140 feet at the outer end of the inner piers, thence 140 feet to the angle in the south pier, thence flaring to 235 feet abreast the angle in the north pier, thence con- verging to 150 feet in the channel in Lake Macatawa to the angle in the project channel opposite the wharves at Holland, and thence 110 feet for a distance of 2,600 feet to the end of the project, with suitable widening opposite the angle in the project channel at Holland; and for a turning basin abreast the angle in the project channel at Holland, 750 feet wide and 18 feet deep, extending upstream to join the channel in Black River. The length of the dredged channel, including that in the westerly end of Lake RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1357 Macatawa, being about 1 mile, and that in the easterly end of Lake Macatawa and in Black River, being about 3.5 miles, is 6 miles. The existing breakwaters, piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructure. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at that time. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $1,079,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous project and $59,000 required to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $83,500, including $5,700 for maintenance of the modifications authorized by the Act of September 3, 1954. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1852 Artificial channel between Lake Macatawa and Lake S. Ex. Doc. 42, 35th Cong., 1st Michigan.1 sess., p.84. Mar. 2, 1867 Piers and revetments 1_-- ___Annual __-___- Report, 1866, p. 106. Mar. 3, 1899 Extending inner piers_-.............................. H. Doc. 272, 54th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1897, p. 2950. Mar. 3, 1905 Converging breakwaters........----------------------- Annual Report, 1905, p. 2176. July 3, 1930 Channel to Holland and a turning basin at Holland_ H. Doc. 588, 69th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of channels and turning Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 basin. Doc. 48, 74th Cong., 1st sess. 2 Sept. 3, 1954 (a) Widening bend in revetted entrance channel into H. Doc. 282, 83d Cong., 2d sess. Lake Macatawa; and (b) dredging channel in Black River; and widening and extending turning basin. 1 Completed under previous project. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The work authorized by the act of Septem- ber 3, 1954, is subject to the condition that work on either or both of the proposed modifications may be undertaken by the United States provided local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands except the 1.5 acres of Federal lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as re- quired; (b) remove buildings and other structures, except the existing revetments, from lands to be furnished; (c) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project; and (d) contribute 25 percent of the cost of dredging section B (channel extension in Black River), but not to exceed $45,500. On July 25, 1955, the city of Holland agreed to be responsible for 25 percent of the total cost of section B. Terminal facilities. The wharves are located at the city of Holland, at the inner end of Lake Macatawa, and are used for 1358 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 handling coal, building materials, petroleum products, and miscel- laneous commodities. Two shipbuilding yards are located on the south shore of Lake Macatawa. The city of Holland has provided a public wharf for small craft. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made over the entire project during March and April 1956 at a cost of $826. Revisory surveys were made by the U. S. Lake Survey at a cost of $500. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the entrance and river channels during the period April 19 to April 25, 1956, removing 45,389 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $12,880. Riprapping breakwaters with 2,000 tons of stone was performed with Govern- ment plant and hired labor at a cost of $11,053. The cost for supervision and administration of the project was $81. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $25,340. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project with the exception of the modifications authorized by the act of September 3, 1954, was completed in 1938. The breakwaters, piers, and revetments completed in 1910 are in generally good condition except that portions of the north pier and revetment require re- pairs. Dredging of the entrance channel to existing project depth, and the channel and turning basin in Lake Macatawa was commenced in May 1938, and completed in October 1938. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 21 feet in the channel to Lake Macatawa, 20 feet in the inner channel in Lake Macatawa to the wharves at Holland, and 18 feet in the turning basin. The costs for the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work_ $452, 402 Maintenance _ 970, 152 Total-------------------- $1,422, 554 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: .............------------.. Appropriated-------- ------ ----------- ----------- ------------ $629,022 629,022 Cost .---------- ----------------------------------------------------------............ Maintenance: Appropriated .------ $20,000 $13,200 $23,400 $39,900 $9,500 1,097,969 Cost_----------------- 21,800 12,626 223,520 24,212 425,485 1,097,895 1 Includes $176,620 for new work and $127,598 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes -$6 pending adjustment. 8 Includes $6 pending adjustment. 4 Includes $145 pending adjustmett. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $285, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------- 285, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - 341, 598 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1359 12. GRAND HAVEN HARBOR AND GRAND RIVER, MICH. Location. The harbor is located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 108 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 23 miles northerly from Holland. The river rises in Jackson County, Mich., and flows in a general westerly direction into Lake Michigan, with a total length of about 260 miles. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 765, and U. S. Geological Survey Grand Rapids quadrangle.) Previous projects. The original project for the river was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. A new project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896, and was modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1949 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1481 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the mouth of the river by piers and revetments, 415 feet apart at the entrance diminishing to 390 feet inside, about 3,569 and 5,549 feet in length for the north and south sides, respectively, and for a channel 23 feet deep and generally 300 feet wide and 1,500 feet long from that depth in the lake to a point about 1,000 feet inside the pier ends; thence 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide and 11/4 miles long to the car-ferry slip, with an enlargement at the upper end; thence 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide and 11/4 miles long from the car- ferry slip to the Grand Trunk Railway bridge at Ferrysburg; with a turning basin 18 feet deep on the south side of the channel just below that bridge; thence a channel 18 feet deep and generally 100 feet wide to deep water in Spring Lake, a distance of about 1,350 feet in the river and about 1,750 feet up the outlet from Spring Lake; and for a channel in Grand River 8 feet deep at low water datum, 100 feet wide and 14/ miles long to Bass River, the total length of river channel being about 171/2 miles. The piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructure. The estimate of cost of new work (1954) is $964,800, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The dredging on the northerly side of the inner channel is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing estimate. The cost of this portion of the project was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $38,600. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $123,500. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level in the harbor are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure of about 1 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1360 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents June 23, 1866 Piers and revetments. --------------------- June 14, 1880 .... do--- -__. S. Ex. Doe. 42, 35th Cong., 1st Sept. 19, 1890 --- do------------------------------ sess., pp. 89, 91. Ju ly 13, 1892 ..... d o ... ......................................... July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions of the harbor channel to S. Doc. 88, 71st Cong., 2d sess.1 Grand Trunk car-ferry slip and the river channel; eliminating all of that protion of Grand River above Bass River; consolidation 2 of the projects for the harbor and river. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel to Spring Lake----------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' Mar. 2, 1945 Present project dimensions of harbor channel from H. Doc. 661, 76th Cong., 3d sess.' car-ferry slip to Grand Trunk Ry. bridge and the turning basin. 1 Contain latest published maps. 2The dredging on the northerly side of the inner channel is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In addition to a car-ferry slip, there are several wharves used for handling coal, building materials, petro- leum products, fish, and miscellaneous commodities. The car- ferry slip is not in use at present. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce except that there should be a public wharf in Grand Haven for transfer between rail and water. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over the entire project during April and May 1956 at a cost of $9,268. The cost of cooperative hydroclimatic net- work was $913. The cost of supervision and administration of the project was $487. Revisory surveys were made by the U. S. Lake Survey at a cost of $1,500. The U. S. hydraulic dredge De Poe Bay operated in the Grand River channel section to the head of the project during the period June 20, 1956 to June 30, 1956, removing 8,393 cubic yards, place measure, of shoal material at a cost of $12,230. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the entrance channel and the river channel below the Grand Trunk Western Railroad bridge during the periods April 25 to April 29, 1956, and May 1 to May 21, 1956, removing 149,042 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $42,758. Preparation of plans and specifications for reconstruction of 458 linear feet of south pier cost $3,766. An adjustment was made in the cost of the reconstruction of 695 linear feet of north pier which was com- pleted in the previous fiscal year and involved an additional cost of $1,922. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $72,844. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- plete except for a small amount of dredging on the northerly side of the inner channel at the point of land 1,350 feet upstream from the inner end of the north revetment. This dredging cannot be done without revetting the bank or endangering private cottages. The present channel past this site, having a least width of 240 feet, is considered adequate for present and reasonably prospec- tive commerce. The piers and revetments were completed in 1893 and are in fair condition except that a portion of the old timber crib piers requires repairs. Dredging of that portion of the channel between the car-ferry slip and the Grand Trunk Rail- RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1361 way bridge to a width of 200 feet was commenced in Aigust 1930, and completed in October 1930, with advanced funds. Dredging of the river above the railway bridge to Bass River to existing project depth was commenced in April 1931 and completed in June 1931. Dredging the channel into Spring Lake was com- menced in September 1938 and completed in November 1938. Widening of the channel between the car-ferry slip and the Grand Trunk Railway bridge to 300 feet and dredging the turning basin on the south side of the channel just below that bridge were commenced in October 1948 and completed in September 1949. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 23 feet at the entrance; thence 21 feet between the piers and in the river to the Grand Trunk Railway bridge, and 18 feet in the turning basin, and thence 8 feet to Bass River and 17 feet in the outlet from Spring Lake. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work------------------------------------------ $964, 851 Maintenance -------------------------------- -- 3,562, 247 Total ------------------------------------------- $4, 527, 098 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work:-' Appropriated ........------------ ------------ ------------ ------------............ $1,276,180 ---------- Cost------------------------------------------------------------------ 1,276,180 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $231,500 $301,200 $471,900 $77,065 $167,000 3,671,031 Cost---------------- 186,432 148,284 2 366,828 376,422 473,119 3,575,949 1 Includes $311,329 for new work and $13,427 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $367,097, plus $88 pending adjustment, less $357 of stock on hand previous fiscal year transferred from project. 3 Includes -$88 pending adjustment. 4 Includes $274 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_--________ (5) s Does not include $38,600 for the inactive portion of the project. 13. MUSKEGON HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 114 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 80 miles easterly from Milwaukee. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 767.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, June 23, 1874, August 2, 1882, September 19, 1890, August 18, 1894, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1950 of Annual Report for 1915; page 1399, Annual Report for 1924; and page 1484, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an exterior basin in Lake Michigan, formed by 2 arrowhead breakwaters, the south 1,514 1362 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 feet and th north 1,404 feet long, 500 feet apart at the outer ends diverging at an angle of about 90 ° , the inner ends connected with the shore by suitable structures, 1,660 feet and 1,561 feet long on the north and south sides, respectively; for the removal of 1,003 feet of the existing north pier and 1,106 feet of the existing south pier; for repairing and maintaining the revetment around the old car-ferry slip on the south side of the entrance channel; for dredg- ing channel 380 feet wide at the entrance, thence increasing to 650 feet wide at a point about 300 feet inside the entrance, thence decreasing toward the new pierheads to 500 feet wide and 240 feet wide between the piers, with depths varying from 24 feet at the harbor entrance to 21 feet at the shore line and in the inner channel to Muskegon Lake, about 6,050 feet from the harbor entrance. The south breakwater and shore connection are built of concrete caissons and piling capped with concrete; the north breakwater is a rubblemound; the inner piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all having been capped with concrete. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of new work for the completed project was $1,900,922, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $200,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 Piers and revetments_ __--------- __-------- _ H. Doc. 104, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3, 1925 Breakwaters and present project dimensions of chan- nel._ -.-- -- _-.----_--_- _--- ----- H. Doc.494, 67th Cong., 4th sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Repairing revetment around car ferry slip......---------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doe. 64, 74th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The main terminals are at the city of Muskegon, at the inner end of Muskegon Lake, and include a car- ferry slip, a large privately owned wharf equipped with ware- house, transit shed, and cold-storage plant, and several wharves used for handling coal, petroleum products, building materials, and miscellaneous commodities. There is also a sand wharf at the west end of Muskegon Lake south of the inner end of the improved channel. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the Fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over the entire project during March and April 1956 at a cost of $1,831. The cost of supervision and administra- tion of the project was $117. Revisory surveys were made by the RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1363 U. S. Lake Survey at a cost of $500. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the entrance channel during the period April 26 to May 1, 1956, removing 17,503 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $5,595. Total costs this fiscal year for main- tenance were $8,043. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1938. Construction of the south breakwater and shore connection was commenced in May 1928 and completed in Decem- ber 1930. The construction of the north breakwater and shore connection and the removal of portions of the old piers were com- menced in June 1930 and completed in December 1931. Deepen- ing and widening of the entrance channel to existing project depth and width were commenced and completed in June 1932. Re- pairs to the south revetment around the old car-ferry slip were commenced in May 1938, and completed in October 1938. The outer 54 feet of the south breakwater were removed in 1939, thereby increasing the width between the outer ends of the break- waters to 555 feet. The south breakwater is therefore main- tained for only a length of about 1,460 feet. The breakwaters and shore connections are in generally good condition except that the outer end of the north breakwater requires repairs. The inner piers and revetments are in fair condition. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 24 to 21 feet in the channel through the outer harbor and 21 feet between the inner piers to Muskegon Lake. The costs under the existing project were $1,900,922 for new work and $718,162 for maintenance, a total of $2,619,084. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work--------- $1, 900, 922 Maintenance - -- 740, 581 Total - $2,641,503 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---- ------------------------------------------------........------ $2,514,330 Cost_--------------------............----------------........... 2,514,330 -----------------------------....... Maintenance: Appropriated- .------ $15,500 $10,500 $32,200 $14,900 $9,500 1,189,347 _ Cost_ _ __ .. _ --.... 13, 914 9,388 235,405 14,378 47,912 1,186,633 1Includes $613,408 for new work and $446,183 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes -$2 pending adjustment. 8 Includes $2 pending adjustment. 4 Includes -$131 pending adjustment. 14. WHITE LAKE HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, about 120 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 45 miles southerly from Ludington. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 768.) 1364 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. This provides for the abandonment of the old outlet and the creation of a new channel 16 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and about 1,950 feet long from Lake Michigan to White Lake between parallel piers and revetments having lengths of 1,717 feet and 1,953 feet on north and south sides, respectively. The piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of new work, for the completed project, was $207,862. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $21,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documen5s Mar. 2, 1867 Mar. 3, 1873 New channel, with piers and revetments......--- Unpublished survey report of 1868. July 5,1884 July 13, 1892 Mar. 2, 1907 Present project depth of channel--------------------- No prior survey or estimate. Note. The latest published map is in H. Doc. 2053, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There is a coal wharf located about three- fourths of a mile south of the village of Montague at the inner end of White Lake. Across the lake, at the village of Whitehall, there are several wharves available for boats of shallow draft. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over the entire project during April 1956 at a cost of $433. Dredging with the U. S. dipper dredge Kewaunee to restore project depth in the entrance and river channel was begun May 15, 1956, and completed May 26, 1956, removing 25,225 cubic yards, scow measure, of shoal material at a cost of $20,284. The cost of supervision and administration of the project was $14. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $20,730. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1908. The piers and revetments were completed in 1900 and the dredging in 1908. The piers and revetments are in good condition. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 16 feet in the entrance channel and between the piers to White Lake. The costs of existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work------------------------------- --- $207, 862 Maintenance ---------------------------- ------ 628, 030 Total ------------------------------------- $835, 892 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1365 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ... ------------------------------------------------------------ $207,862 Cost---------------------------------------------- ---------------------- 207,862 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ -- $3,500 -----------............ $33,450 $22,000 $21,700 629,554 Cost---------------.. ..........------------ 3,093 133,734 221,569 20,891 628,191 1Includes -$3 pending adjustment. 2Includes $3pending adjustment. 3Includes $161 pending adjustment. 15. PENTWATER HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, about 146 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 14 miles southerly from Ludington. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 77.) Existing project. This provides for widening the old entrance channel to 150 feet between parallel piers and revetments, the channel to extend from Lake Michigan to Pentwater Lake, with a depth of 16 feet. The piers and revetments are built of stone- filled timber cribs and piling, all of which have been provided with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctua- tons of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $179,900. The 200-foot extension to the south pier portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $65,100. The latest (1955) approved esti- mate of annual cost of maintenance is $22,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 Mar. 3, 1873 Piers and revetments; dredging.....- ------- I H. Ex. Doc. 70, 39th Cong., 2d sess. July 5, 1884 - July 13, 18921 Mar. 2, 1907 Present project depth of channel....-----------------H. Doc. 181, 59th Cong., 2d sess. 1The 200-foot extension to the south pier is considered to be inactive. Note. The latest published map is in H. Doc. 303, 66th Cong., 1st sess. Recommended modifications of project. The project was recommended for abandonment in House Documents Nos. 429, 64th Congress, 1st session, and 467, 69th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. 1366 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Terminal facilities. A number of small, privately owned wharves are grouped at the west end of Penwater Lake. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over the entire project during May and June 1956 at a cost of $29. Dredging with the U. S. bucket dredge Tompkins to remove a portion of the shoaling in the entrance channel was begun August 1, 1955 and completed August 8, 1955, removing 9,242 cubic yards, scow measure, of shoal material at a cost of $8,538. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $8,567. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the 200-foot extension to the south pier which is not considered necessary under present conditions. The north pier and revetment was completed in 1885 for a length of 2,226 feet and the south pier and revetment in 1889 for a length of 1,847 feet. The net length of the north pier and revetment is now 2,022 feet, 204 feet having been removed in 1931. Dredging of the channel was completed in 1907. The piers and revetments are in fair condition. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 5.9 feet in the entrance channel and 4.1 feet in the channel between the piers to Pentwater Lake. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work _- $179, 899 Maintenance _______ ___-________ __ 548, 800 Total _- __ - _-___-- $728, 699 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1952 _June 30, 1956 1954 1955 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated-------------- --------------------- ----------------------- $179,899 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 179,899 Maintenance: Appropriated-----..... $1,000 $2,300 $350 $500 $8,500 548,799 Cost----------------- 1,001 1,502 724 856 8,567 548,799 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_-_ _ _ __ _ (1) 1Does not include $65,100 for the inactive portion of the project. 16. LUDINGTON HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 156 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 67 miles northerly from Grand Haven. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 774.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of August 5, 1886, August 11, 1888, and March 3, 1899. For further details, see page 1951 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1491 of Annual Report for 1938. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1367 Existing project. This provides for an exterior basin in Lake Michigan, formed by 2 breakwaters, each with main arm 1,800 feet long, 400 feet apart at the outer ends, diverging at an angle of 90 ° , and with shore connections, 1,103 feet and 2,004 feet in length for north and south breakwaters, respectively; for the removal of the outer end of inner piers; for dredging the exterior basin to a depth of 18 feet; and for an inner channel about 2,000 feet long connect- ing Pere Marquette Lake and Lake Michigan, the minimum navi- gable width being 150 feet and depth of 18 feet. The breakwaters and inner piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstruc- ture, except for the inner 350 linear feet of the south revetment which consists of steel sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevaliing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $1,036,086, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $250,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 ............... Entrance piers--------------- . - . Annual Report, 1867, p. 114. Mar. 3, 1899 Pier extension reconstruction, and repairs to exist- H. Doc. 273, 54th Cong., 2d sess., ing structures, and present project dimensions of and Annual Report, 1897, p. channel. 2951. Mar. 2, 1907 Breakwaters, shore connections, and removal of outer H. Doc. 62, 59th Cong., 1st sess., ends of the 2 inside piers. and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 3, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Note. The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1914, p. 2974. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. In addition to the main terminal of the Pere Marquette Railway Co., consisting of three car ferry slips and a wharf with warehouses, there are several wharfs used for han- dling coal, building materials, and miscellaneous commodities. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over the entire project during April 1956 at a cost of $1,353. Repairs to 360 linear feet of south breakwater which was initiated in the previous fiscal year was completed September 7, 1955. Cost for the work during the fiscal year was $163,552. Reconstruction of 211 linear feet of north pier was performed with Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $125,284. The cost of supervision and administration of the project was $100. 1368 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Revisory surveys were made by the U. S. Lake Survey at a cost of $500. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the entrance channel on May 21 and 22, 1956, removing 6,705 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $2,314. Total costs during the fiscal year for maintenance were $293,103. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1918. Construction of the breakwaters was commenced in 1908 and completed in May 1911. The construction of the shore connections was commenced in 1912 and completed in November 1914. The dredging was completed in 1917, and the placing of ad- ditional stone as riprap in 1918. The breakwaters and shore con- nections and the inner piers and revetments are in generally good condition except that the outer end of the north pier and a portion of the south shore connection substructure are in poor condition and require repairs. The outer 100 feet of the south breakwater were removed by private interests in 1939, by authority of the Chief of Engineers dated June 2, 1939, thereby increasing the width between the outer ends of the breakwaters to 475 feet. The south breakwater is therefore maintained for only a length of about 1,700 feet. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 26 feet at harbor entrance, thence decreasing through the outer basin to 18 feet at lakeward end of the inner piers and in the channel between the inner piers and revetments to Pere Marquette Lake. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work-----------------------------------------$1, 036, 086 Maintenance --------------------------------------- 1851, 1, 872 Total--------------------------------------- $2, 887, 958 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ .........------------------------ ----------- ----------- ------------............ $1,527, 502 Cost------------------------ - - ------------------------ ------------......... 1,527,502 Maintenance: ------ Appropriated........ $41, 500 $13,200 $133,600 $353,700 $89,500 1,980,048 Cost----------------- 39,520 15,726 294,066 8186,379 4292,948 1,978,169 1Includes $491,416 for new work and $126,451 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Includes -$65 pending adjustment. 3 Includes $65 pending adjustment. 4 Includes -$154 pending adjustment. 17. MANISTEE HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 179 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 26 miles northerly from Ludington. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 776.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1867, June 10, 1872, March 3, 1873, March 3, 1875, RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1369 August 14, 1876, September 19, 1890, July 13, 1892, March 2, 1907, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1952 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1493 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 23 feet deep, 570 feet wide, 1,600 feet to the outer end of the south pier; thence 21 feet deep between the piers and in the river, 250 to 220 feet wide for a distance of 2,000 feet; and thence with a mini- mum width of 100 feet from the inner end of the north revetment to Manistee Lake, about 6,400 feet. The project also provides for a south breakwater having a main arm 1,300 feet long and a shore connection 1,185 feet long, north pier and revetment 2,797 feet long, and south pier and revetment 770 feet long. The break- water, shore connection, and north pier are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling and are capped with concrete superstruc- ture. The south pier and revetment consist of steel sheet piling with stonefill in pier. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $745,800, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The dredging of the river from near the Maple Street Highway Bridge to Manistee Lake portion of the project is considered to be inactive, and is ex- cluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $16,500. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $80,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 Entrance piers .......------------------------------ Annual Report, 1867, p. 115. Sept. 19, 1890 Extending the channel 8,000 feet to connect with Annual Report, 1891, p. 2678. Manistee Lake, and further pier extension. July 25, 1912 Depth of 20 feet in the outer harbor, 570 feet wide to H. Doc. 599, 62d Cong., 2d sess. outer end of south pier and 18 feet deep in the river; south breakwater with shore connection; and ex- tension of north pier if required. July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions of the channel through S. Doc. 131, 71st Cong., 2d sess. outer basin and channel in the river.' Mar. 2, 1945 Removal of old south revetment; construction of new H. Doc. 380, 77th Cong., 1st sess. south pier and revetment; and widening river (contains latest published map). entrance channel. 1 The dredging of the river from near the Maple Street Highway Bridge to Manistee Lake is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. The act of July 3, 1930 provided "that no work shall be undertaken on the section of the river through and above the bridges until they have been modified in a manner satis- factory to the Secretary of War." The Smith Street Bridge and the railroad bridge have been rebuilt, but the Maple Street High- way Bridge has not been rebuilt. 1370 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 All other requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There is a Government wharf and a private sand wharf on the north side of the river and a package-freight wharf with warehouse and a coal wharf on the south side. In- dustries on Manistee Lake have wharves used for handling coal, salt, building materials, and pulpwood. The city has provided a wharf on the south side of the river for general public use. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made over the entire project during May 1956 at a cost of $1,777. - Revisory surveys were made by the U. S. Lake Survey at a cost of $500. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the en- trance and river channels during the period May 22 to June 4, 1956, removing 58,330 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $22,331. Total costs during the fiscal year for maintenance were $24,608. Con.dition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete -except for dredging the river to project dimensions from about 800 feet below Maple Street Highway Bridge to Manistee Lake. This cannot be done until Maple Street Bridge has been rebuilt and until a large part of the river banks are revetted by private interests. The north pier and revetment, completed in 1893, the south break- water and shore connections, completed in 1920, and the south pier and revetment, completed in 1950, are in generally good condition. Pile clusters should be placed along the north pier for protection from vessels. Dredging of the outer basin and the river channel to a point about 800 feet below Maple Street Bridge to existing project depth was commenced in October 1939 and completed in May 1940. Removal of old south revetment, construction of new south pier and revetment, and widening of the river entrance chan- nel was commenced in June 1949 and completed in June 1950. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 23 feet in the outer basin and in the channel between the piers, thence 21 feet in the river to Manistee Lake. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work--------- $745, 774 Maintenance 949, 570 Total _ $1, 695, 344 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1371 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------- -$2,489 -_._$1,100,773 Appropriated........ Cost ..------------------------------------------------------------------ 1,100,773 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 20,500 $59,100 $57,000 $1,400 $23,700 1,101,227 Cost----------------- 21,979 19,795 2 71,170 3 2,742 4 24,286 1,100,158 1 Includes $354,999 for new work and $150,910 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operation and results during fiscal year $93,078, less pending adjustment of $1,301, less stock on hand June 30, 1953, included in 1954 costs $20,607. 3 Includes $1,301 pending adjustment. 4 Includes -$322 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project (5) 5 Does not include $16,500 for the inactive portion of the project. 18. FRANKFORT HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 204 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 28 miles northerly from Manistee. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 77.) Existing project. This provides for an exterior basin in Lake Michigan, formed by 2 breakwaters, 450 feet apart at the outer ends, diverging at an angle of about 900, the main arm and the shore connection on the north breakwater being 972 and 1,000 feet in length, respectively, and the main arm and the shore connec- tion of the south breakwater being 1,188 and 1,400 feet in length, respectively; for the removal of 801 feet of the north and 1,172 feet of the south pier; dredging the basin 20 feet deep and 800 feet wide at the entrance, decreasing toward the new pierheads to 600 feet wide; dredging the channel between the piers 18 feet deep to Lake Betsie (Aux Becs Seies) ; and dredging to a depth of 18 feet, to within 50 feet of existing structures, that area in Lake Betsie west of the east boundary of Fifth Street extended. The breakwaters and shore connections are built of concrete caissons and piling capped with concrete. The inner piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all having been capped with concrete, except for 251 feet of the south revetment which consists of steel sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $1,741,827. The latest (1955) approved estimated annual cost of maintenance is $80,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1372 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents June 23, 18661 A new outlet of 12 feet deep protected by piers and H. Doc. 482, 55th Cong., 2d sess. revetments. Mar. 3, 1925 Exterior breakwaters, removal of portions of piers, H. Doc. 208, 68th Cong., 1st sess. and for present project dimensions of channel. - Aug. 26, 1937 Dredging the area in Lake Betsie --------------- H. Doc. 511, 74th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Amended 1868, 1879, and 1892. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The railroad terminal, consisting of two car-ferry slips, is on the south side at inner end of the entrance channel. There are also several fishing wharves. The city has constructed a wharf on the north side of Lake Betsie available for boats of shallow draft. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made over the entire project during April 1956 at a cost of $1,463. Riprapping a portion of the north breakwater, with 2,000 tons of stone, was accomplished with Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $17,702. The cost of supervision and adminis- tration of the project was $73. Revisory surveys were made by the U. S. Lake Survey at a cost of $200. Total costs during the fiscal year for maintenance were $18,808. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. Construction of the south breakwater and shore connection, removal of a portion of the south pier, and dredging of the south half of the channel to existing depth were commenced in May 1928, and completed in October 1931. The north break- water and shore connections, removal of a portion of the north pier and dredging the remainder of the channel, to existing project depth, were commenced in April 1932, and completed in October 1932. Dredging of the area in Lake Betsie was commenced in May 1939, and completed in July 1939. The breakwaters, shore connections, and revetments are in generally good condition; the inner piers require repairs. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 22 feet at harbor en- trance, thence decreasing through the outer basin to 20 feet at lakeward end of the inner piers and thence 18 feet in the channel between the inner piers and revetments to Lake Betsie. The depth over the dredging area in Lake Betsie was 16.8 feet. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work__ -------------------------------- -- $1, 741, 827 Maintenance ------------------------- _ 713, 879 Total __-_ _ $2, 455, 706 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1373 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .----------- -------. ---------------. ------------. ------------ $1, 741,827 Cost -------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- 1,741,827 Maintenance: Appropriated ------ $4,500 $3,300 $21,100 -$1,600 $20,000 715,555 Cost ........-----------------1,494 2,977 118,634 23,580 $ 18,811 713,882 1 Includes -$2, 231 pending adjustment. 2 Includes $2, 231 pending adjustment. s Includes $3 pending adjustment. 19. CHARLEVOIX HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 276 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 75 miles northerly from Frankfort. (See United States Survey Chart No. 789.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 18 feet deep from that depth in Lake Michigan to that depth in Lake Charle- voix protected where needed by piers and revetments. The piers at the entrance are formed of stone-filled timbr cribs and rubble- stone, being 781 feet and 452 feet in length on north and south sides, respectively. The entire south pier and the outer 303 feet of the north pier have been provided with concrete superstructure. The revetments are built of piling and are capped with concrete. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 1 /2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $82,223. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $17,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 14, 1876 Channel from Lake Michigan to Round Lake, pro- S. Ex. Doc. 16, 44th Cong., 1st tected where needed by piers and revetments. sess., and Annual Report, 1876, p. 523. Aug. 2, 1882 Channel from Round Lake to Lake Charlevoix .... No prior survey or estimate. June 13, 1902 Project depth increased to 15 feet_ -.-. ..-.-..-... Do. June 20, 1938 Project depth increased to 18 feet_ .---------------- S. Doc. 163 75th Cong., 3d sess. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. These consist of several small landing places in Round Lake at Charlevoix used for handling fish and miscellaneous commodities. The city of Charlevoix has provided a public wharf south of the inner end of the lower south revetment. 1374 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 A wharf for receipt of petroleum products is located on the west end of Lake Charlevoix. There are coal wharves at Advance and Boyne City at the inner end of Lake Charlevoix. The city of Boyne City has provided a public wharf for small craft. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made over the entire project during May 1956 at a cost of $1,337. Cost of supervision and administration of the project was $100. Revisory surveys were made by the U. S. Lake Survey at a cost of $500. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in the upper and lower channels on June 5 and 6, 1956, removing 13,253 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $3,993. Total costs during the fiscal year for maintenance were $5,930. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. The north pier and revetment of the lower chan- nel were completed in 1880, and the south pier and revetment in 1889. The revetments of the upper channel were completed in 1885. Dredging of both channels to existing project depth was commenced and completed in August 1939. The north revetment of the upper channel has been entirely removed, a portion being removed in 1928 and the remainder in 1930. The piers and revet- ments of the lower channel and the south revetment of the upper channel are in fair condition. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 18 feet in the lower channel to Round Lake and in the upper channel to Lake Charlevoix. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work ---------------------------------------- $82, 223 Maintenance ---------------------------------------- 481, 036 Total ----- ---------------------------------------- $563, 259 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ------ ----------------------- ---------- ------------ $82,223 Cost ---------------------------------------------------------- 82,223 Maintenance: Appropriated------- ....... Cost ----------------- $1,000 501 $4,100 3,348 $68,750 169,031 $1,000 21,352 3 $6,000 5,896 481,725 481,002 1Includes $287 pending adjustment. 2Includes -$287 pending adjustment. 3 Includes -$34 pending adjustment. 20. ST. JAMES HARBOR, BEAVER ISLAND, MICH. Location. This harbor is located in a bay near the northeast corner of Beaver Island, which is in the northerly end of Lake Michigan, about equi-distant from the Upper and Lower Penin- sulas of Michigan, 42 miles westerly from the Straits of Mackinac and 32 miles northwesterly from Charlevoix, Mich. (See United States Survey Chart No. 704.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1375 Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel, 150 feet wide and 14 feet deep at low water datum, through the northwesterly portion of the shoal which extends entirely across the northerly portion of a sheltered bay, to provide access to the deep water area in the northerly end of the bay. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 1 /2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of Federal cost for new work (1956) is $53,300 and $7,500 is to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 446, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The act of March 2, 1945, provided that re- sponsible local agencies give assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of War that they will: a. Contribute $7,500 in cash toward the first cost of protective structures and dredging. b. Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suitable and adequate public wharf for the accommodation of transient vessels. c. Establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of harbor facilities (exclusive of Federal property) with the under- standing that harbor facilities shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. d. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the works. e. Provide without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way, necessary for the construction of the project, including suitable spoil-disposal areas when and as re- quired. These assurances were furnished by the Michigan State Water- ways Commission and were approved for the Secretary of the Army on February 27, 1956. The Michigan State Waterways Commission has contributed in the amount of $7,500 toward the first cost of the work. Terminal facilities. These consist of several small wharves used by the local fishing interests, 1 lumber wharf, and 3 package- freight wharves with warehouses. While these facilities are considered fairly adequate for existing commerce, a suitable wharf open to all on equal terms should be provided. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance planning for the project was initiated and completed at a cost of $3,680. 1376 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 A contract for construction of the project, in the estimated amount of $42,624 was awarded to the Lyons Construction Company, Whitehall, Mich., in June 1956. Total costs for this year were $3,680, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work of construction has been done. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year, across the shoal area, was about 7 feet. The total costs to date, all for advance planning for new work, has been as follows: United States funds - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $3,680 Contributed by State of Michigan- - 0 Total ------------------ -- $3, 680 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------------------------........................ ---------------........................ $53,300 $53,300 Cost................--------------- ............ -------------............ --------------......................----------- 13,498 3,498 1Includes -$182 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- - $7, 022 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ _ _----_ 7, 022 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------........------------............ ----------------------------- $7,500 $7,500 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- $7, 500 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------- __-- _ 7, 500 21. CHEBOYGAN HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the lower reach of the Cheboygan River and is about 100 miles distant from Alpena, Mich., in a northwesterly direction. The river, which is 51/2 miles long, has its source in Mullett Lake, from which it flows in a northerly direction, emptying into the Straits of Mackinac, Lake Huron. The improved portion is about 1 /2 miles in length. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Previous projects. The original project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified by River RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1377 and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details of previous projects, see page 1956 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1546 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 21 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 21-foot contour in Lake Huron to the outer end of the west pier, thence between lines parallel to and 25 feet from the docks, 21 feet deep from this point to East First Street and 181/2 feet deep to the State Road bridge, and thence 81/2 feet deep and 60 feet wide from this bridge to the lock in the Cheboygan River, and for a turning basin 21 feet deep, 400 feet wide, and 420 to 770 feet long on the east side of the existing project channel just below East First Street. The length of the section included in the project is about 12,000 feet, of which about 6,000 feet is in Lake Huron. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Huron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Each year the level of the river rises and falls about 3 feet. From day to day the level changes somewhat, due to wind and barometric pressure, such changes sometimes amounting to a foot or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, was $396,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $12,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 18'-foot channel.... ----------------------------- Annual Rept., 1895, p. 2823. Mar. 2, 1907 8%-foot channel___.... .-...-__. . .-- .------- H. Doc. 537, 50th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Turning basin_ ------------------------------- H. Doc. 134, 75th Cong., 1st sess. May 17, 1950 21-foot channel to East 1st St., enlarging turning H. Doc. 269, 81st Cong., 1st sess. basin and deepening to 21 ft. (contains latest published maps). Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed portions of project. For modification approved May 17, 1950, responsible local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil- disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent main- tenance of the project, when and as required; and (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works. Local interests have not been requested to furnish the assurances. Terminal facilities. The harbor has 1 dock of about 1,000 feet in length, which is privately owned but open to all vessels upon equal terms. There are also several other docks of less than 100 feet in length which are privately owned and used. The facili- ties are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationand results during fiscal year. See project for Recon- naissance and Condition Surveys. 1378 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, except for deepening the channel from the 21-foot contour in Lake Huron to East First Street, and enlarging and deepening the turning basin, was completed in 1939. The outer end of the Old Slab pier was riprapped in 1921. During August 1951, the channel from East First Street to Lake Huron was restored to 18.5-foot depth, and the turning basin to 18-foot depth. The controlling depth from East First Street to State Road is 18.5 feet, and from State Road to upper limit of improvement is 5.5 feet. Light-draft boats navigate a further distance of 30 miles on a waterway (the Inland Route) improved by the United States and by local interests under a State law. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work -- $112, 682 Maintenance ------------ 133, 790 Total ----------------------- $246, 472 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: -------- ----------- ------- Appropriated_ ------------------ -------------- '$242,510 Cost----- - ------------- ---------------- 242,510 Maintenance: Appropriated---.. . ------------------------------------ $1,500 -$1,021 133,790 Cost------------------------------------------- 479 133,790 1 Includes $129,828.24 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $110, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------- 110, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ _ _-_ ____ ______ _ _ 173, 318 22. THE INLAND ROUTE, MICH. Location. The Inland Route, consisting of a series of intercon- nected lakes and streams in the northern tip of the Lower Penin- sula of Michigan, extends from Conway at the western end of Crooked Lake near the shore of Lake Michigan, to Cheboygan to the Lake Huron end of the Straits of Mackinac, a distance of about 35 miles. Crooked and Indian Rivers are connecting channels in the waterway. Existing project. This provides for improvement of Crooked and Indian Rivers, Mich., and connecting lakes and channels to provide a channel 5 feet deep below the surface of the water when Crooked Lake, Burt Lake, and Mullet Lake are at low water datum, and generally 30 feet wide with necessary widening at the bends, from Conway at the west end of Crooked Lake to the navigation RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1379 lock in Cheboygan River with suitable jetties at the head of Indian River, and in Pickerel Channel from Pickerel Lake to Crooked Lake. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $330,000, excluding $85,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1953) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $3,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954, in accordance with House Docu- ment No. 142, 82d Congress, 1st session (which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of September 3, 1954, is subject to the condition that construction of the improvement shall not be undertaken until responsible local interests have given assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) furnish without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent mainte- ance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project; (c) establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to control the use and development of boating facilities along the Inland Route; (d) provide and maintain suit- able mooring, supply, and landing facilities which shall be open to all on equal terms; (e) maintain and operate the navigation lock in Cheboygan River in a manner satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army; and (f) make a cash contribution of approximately 36 percent, but not to exceed $85,000, of the first cost of construction of the project works. These assurances were furnished by the Michigan State Waterways Commission and accepted for the United States by the District Engineer, Detroit District, as of June 6, 1956. Funds in the amount of $85,000 toward the cost of con- struction have been furnished by the Michigan State Waterways Commission. Terminal facilities. No facilities for the transfer of freight exist along the Crooked and Indian Rivers, as the streams have carried no freight tonnage for many years. Numerous small privately owned timber piers and wharves, some equipped with covered boat wells for servicing and storing recreational craft, have been constructed along the waterway. Landings maintained by hotel and resort operators are available to the public without charge for transfer of passengers. Public docks are located at Conway and Oden on Crooked Lake, the village of Indian River, Topinabee, and Mullet Lake Village on Mullet Lake, and at Cheboy- gan. Approximately 30 highways dead end at the water's edge, permitting public access to the water for all kinds of marine activi- ties. Existing docking facilities are considered adequate for present and reasonably prospective traffic. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance planning for the project was initiated and substantially completed during the fiscal year at a cost of $25,653. Condition at end of fiscal year. No new work construction has 1380 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 been undertaken. Under authority of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, the Crooked River was im- proved in 1948 to provide a channel 30 feet wide and 4 feet deep. The controlling depth of the other sections of the Inland Route was about 4 feet in 1948. The total cost to date, all for advance planning for new work has been as follows: United States funds-- - $25, 653 Contributed funds - - Total $25, 653 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated..... ... ----------------------- ----------------------- $241,000 $241,000 Cost ..------------------------------------------------------ 126,007 26,007 1 Includes $354 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -_____ $214, 326 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---- _____ ___ -___ 214,326 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- __ ___ 89, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 STotal to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------...............------------.....---------------------........... ............ --------............$85,000 $85,000 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 --- _-- $85, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------------------- - -__85,000 23. HARRISVILLE HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the northwest shore of Lake Huron, about 20 miles north of Oscoda and 30 miles south of Alpena. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Existing project. This provides for a harbor of refuge pro- tected by breakwater structures extending to the 12-foot depth contour in the lake, and for dredging a harbor basin 10 feet in depth. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Hurron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1956 is $1,310,500, excluding $129,500 to be contributed by local interests. The RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1381 latest (1950) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $750. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. For latest published map see House Document No. 446, 78th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the condition that responsible local agencies give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: a. Contribute $129,500 in cash toward the first cost of protec- tive structures and dredging. b. Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suitable and adequate public wharf for the accommodation of transient vessels. c. Establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of harbor facilities, with the understanding that harbor facilities shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. d. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the works. e. Provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project, including suitable spoil-disposal areas when and as re- quired. It is further provided that no work shall be done by the United States at this harbor until the prescribed requirements for local cooperation have also been complied with at the following addi- tional projects in this area: Hammond Bay, Mich.; Au Sable River (Oscoda), Mich.; and Point Lookout, Mich. These assurances were furnished by the Michigan State Water- ways Commission and were approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on March 22, 1948. Terminal facilities. There are two small private fish wharves of timber construction. Their use is principally as fishing terminals for the owners. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at the end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. Total costs to date, all for advance planning, have been $16,526, all for new work. Total expenditures have been $11,075. The cost of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work__ $21, 782 Maintenance Total -$21,782 1382 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------- -$468 -....... $21,782 Cost --------------------------------------------------------------------- 21,782 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $260, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------_-------------- 260, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________ 1,028,718 ___--------- CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $129, 500 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ______________------ --------- 129, 500 24. AU SABLE HARBOR AND HARBOR OF REFUGE AT AU SABLE RIVER (OSCODA), MICH. Location. The Au Sable River, with the village of Oscoda, Mich., situated near its mouth, is located on the westerly shore of Lake Huron, about 8 miles north of Au Sable Point at the entrance to Saginaw Bay. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Previous project. The previous project was authorized in 1866 and modified in 1879. For further details, see page 336 and 2453 of the Annual Report for 1892. Existing project. This provides for riprapping at the outer 200 feet of the existing north pier at the mouth of the Au Sable River, dredging an entrance channel 12 feet in depth and dredging the channel between the piers and upstream to the State Highway bridge to a depth of 10 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum in Lake Huron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $170,000, excluding $16,400 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. For latest published map, see House Document 446, 78th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the condition that responsible local agencies give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: a. Contribute $16,400 in cash toward the first cost of protective structures and dredging. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1383 b. Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suitable and adequate public wharf for the accommodation of transient vessels. c. Establish a competent and properly constituted public body, empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of harbor facilities, with the understanding that harbor facilities shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. d. Hold and save the Uriited States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the works. e. Provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project, including suitable spoil-disposal areas when and as re- quired. It is further provided that no work shall be done by the United States- at this harbor until the prescribed requirements for local cooperation have also been complied with at the following addi- tional projects in this area: Hammond Bay, Mich., and Harris- ville, Mich. These assurances were furnished by the Michigan State Water- ways Commission and were approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on March 22, 1948. Terminal facilities. Seven small timber-pile docks are used primarily as fishing terminals by their owners. Ample space for mooring small craft is available along the face of old cribbing, and present terminals are considered adequate for all existing or reasonably prospective commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over a portion of the project during April 1956 at a cost of $1,966. Advance field studies for reconstruction of the north and south jetties were accomplished at a cost of $8,946. Preparation of plans and specifications for reconstruction of the north and south jetties were accomplished at a cost of $4,837. The U. S. bucket dredge Tompkins operated in the project during the periods July 1 to July 13, 1955, and May 22 to June 8, 1956, removing 39,463 cubic yards, scow measure of shoal material at a cost of $52,600. Cost of supervision and administration of the project was $71.00. Total costs during the fiscal year for maintenance were $68,420. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project has not been constructed but the entrance channel is being maintained under the previous project to allow passage of the U. S. Air Force crashboats based in the river. The existing jetties have deterio- rated to the point where they afford little or no protection from wave action during storms and are ineffective in intercepting lit- toral drift from entering the channel. The controlling depth at the present time is about 7.5 feet below low water datum, from the State Highway Bridge through the entrance channel. The con- trolling depth could be reduced to about 3.0 feet in a very short period of time as a result of severe storm from either northeasterly or southeasterly direction. 1384 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work (existing project) ------------------------------ $100 Maintenance (previous project) --- 159, 576 Total - ---------- $159, 676 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------------------- 1 $114,886 Cost-------- ----------------------------------------------------------- '114,886 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $700 $22,300 $35,000 $40,000 $197,500 313,867 Cost--------------- 700 22,300 35,000 14,789 265,305 156,461 1Includes $114,786 for new work for previous projects. 2 Includes -$3,116 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $10, 000 Unobligated balances available for suceeding fiscal year ending June 30,1957-____ _____ 10, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- 159, 900 25. SAGINAW RIVER, MICH. Location. This river is formed by the union of the Titta- bawassee and Shiawassee Rivers, is about 22 miles long, and flows in a northerly direction and into the south end of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, June 23, 1874, June 18, 1878, March 3, 1879, August 2, 1882, and August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1957 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1550 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a new entrance channel 24 feet deep and 350 feet wide from the 24-foot contour in Saginaw Bay to the mouth of Saginaw River, generally along a straight line from Gravelly Point Shoal Light to the river mouth; thence a channel 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the Detroit and Macki- nac Railway bridge at Bay City; thence 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the Sixth Street Bridge in Saginaw, thence 161/2 feet deep to the junction with the Tittabawassee River, a distance of about 29 miles; for 3 turning basins, one 20 feet deep, at Essex- ville, about 11.5 acres in extent, generally semicircular in shape with a radius of 660 feet and maximum length of 1,350 feet; one 20 feet deep, at Carrollton, about 4 acres in extent, 900 feet long and 100 to 300 feet wide; and 15 feet deep by 360 feet wide, vary- ing from 690 feet to 420 feet in length, adjacent to the east side of the existing channel between Court Street and Bristol Street Bridges; and for elimination from the authorized project, of the existing entrance channel in Saginaw Bay upon completion of the new entrance channel. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1385 The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Huron, which is taken at 578.5 feet above mean tide level at New York. Due to storms, the level of the river at its mouth rises and falls about 3 feet. Spring freshets and excessive rains have caused an abnormal rise of as much as 14 feet at Saginaw. Oc- casionally a considerable change takes place within a few hours, resulting from the raising or lowering of Saginaw Bay by violent winds. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in,1956, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $7,762,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $155,000, exclusive of the estimated increase in maintenance cost for the modifications authorized by the act of September 3, 1954. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 200 feet wide, with depths of 183 feet in the H. Doc. 740, 61st Cong., 2d sess. bay and 163 feet in the river. July 3, 1930 Project depth of 18Y2 feet extended up the river to Rivers and Harbors Committee Saginaw. Doc. 30, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Turning basin_-......-...-.- ...--.------- . Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 21, 75th Cong., 1st sess (contains latest published maps). June 20, 1938 Present project channel dimensions from the bay to H. Doc. 576, 75th Cong., 3d sess. the Sixth Street Bridge in Saginaw. Sept. 3, 1954 New channel in bay, 350 feet wide and 2 feet deep H. Doc. 500, 83d Cong., 2d sess. from 24-foot contour to mouth of river; project depth of 24 feet in river channel up to Detroit & Mackinac Railway bridge project depth of 22 feet in river channel up to Sixth Street Bridge; turning basins at Essexville and Carrollton, and elimina- tion of present channel in Bay. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed portions of project. The modification approved September 3, 1954, is subject to the condition that local interests agree to (a) provide free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for sub- sequent maintenance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project; and (c) accomplish without ex- pense to the United States, alterations as required in sewer, water supply, drainage and other utility facilities, including commercial cable and pipeline crossings. Local interests have not been re- quested to furnish the assurances. Terminal facilities. The terminals are centered at Bay City and Saginaw, Mich. At Bay City, which includes Essexville, there are 36 piers, wharves, and docks. At Saginaw, which includes Milwaukee and Carrollton, there are 20 such facilities. Of the total of 56 terminals, 17 are used for receiving bulk commodities, 8 are used for handling petroleum products, 9 are moorings or land- ings for small craft, and 22 are not in use. A terminal at Carroll- ton, Mich., is a public bulk-handling and storage plant. These terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. 1386 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made in the river from Sixth Street to Court Street and the Saginaw Bay Channel at a cost of $10,447. Revisory surveys were made by the U. S. Lake Survey at a cost of $3,000. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated in Saginaw Bay Channel during the periods July 1 to July 27, 1955 and June 7 to June 30, 1956 re- moving 220,662 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $96,968. Contract dredging from Sixth Street to Court Street was initiated and still in progress at the close of this fiscal year. Cost for the contract dredging during this fiscal year was $88,197. Cost of supervision and administration of the project was $684. Total costs during the fiscal year for maintenance were $199,296. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in April 1942 except for the work authorized in the act of September 3, 1954. The present controlling depth in the bay sec- tion channel is 20.0 feet over the center 120 feet width. Project depths are generally available in the river section channel from the mouth of the river to the Sixth Street Bridge in Saginaw, Mich. Considerable shoaling has occurred in the river section channel and the turning basin between the Sixth Street and Court Street Bridges in Saginaw, Mich. The controlling depth in this section is 15.5 feet. The portion of the project upstream of the Court Street Bridge is not maintained. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work_ ----------- ------- $2, 081, 580 Maintenance -------------------------------- ----------- 2, 129, 590 Total ------------------------------- - $4, 211, 170 Cost andl financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated ---........ ------- ------------ ----------- ----------- ------------ $3,044,136 Cost--------- ----------- ------------------------------- ------------ 13,044,136 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ -$3,700 $37,050 $59,000 $97,200 $207,500 2,143,377 Cost ,----------------- 16,354 34,657 49,130 103,880 198,005 2,128,299 1 Includes $962,556 for new work for previous projects. t Includes -$1,291 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-_ $50, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------------------- 50, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------------- 5, 630, 420 26. PORT AUSTIN HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the west shore of Lake Huron at the extreme eastern limit of Saginaw Bay, about 29 miles RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1387 across the bay from the mouth the Au Sable River (Oscoda). (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Existing project. This provides for a harbor of refuge at the mouth of Bird Creek, consisting of a harbor basin dredged to a depth of 10 feet protected by a breakwater structure and for dredging an entrance channel to the harbor basin to a depth of 12 feet. The projects depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Huron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $1,097,900, excluding $172,100 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1945) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $750. The existing project was authorized by River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. For latest published map see House Document No. 446, 78th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the condition that responsible local agencies give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: a. Contribute $172,100 in cash toward the first cost of protective structures and dredging. b. Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suitable and adequate public wharf for the accommodation of transient vessels. c. Establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of harbor facilities, with the understanding that harbor facilities shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. d. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the works. e. Provide, without cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project, including suitable spoil-disposal areas when and as re- quired. It is further provided that no work shall be done by the United States at this harbor until similar prescribed requirements for local cooperation at Port Sanilac, Mich., have also been complied with. These assurances were furnished by the Michigan State Water- ways Commission and were approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on March 22, 1948. The Michigan State Water- ways Commission has contributed in the amount of $28,000 for advance planning. Terminal facilities. There are no terminal facilities at Port Austin. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance planning for the improvement was about 75 percent completed at the end of the fiscal year The total cost for the fiscal year was $20,524. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. No construction work 1388 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 has been done. The total cost to date, all for advance planning for new work, has been as follows: United States funds___ $12, 562 Contributed by State of Michigan 26, 513 Total $39, 075 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- $433,000 $436,500 Cost-----------------$4,497 --------------------------------- '9,182 12,682 1Includes $120 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ______ $423, 170 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 200, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957______ 623, 170 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - - 461, 400 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------------------.......... . ------------ . ..... ---..---- $28,000 Cost--------------- -$4,497 ------------ $267 -$6 $11,482 26,513 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $1, 487 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 144, 100 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__________----------- _______________ 145, 587 27. PORT SANILAC HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the southwest shore of Lake Huron, about 30 miles north of Port Huron, Mich. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Existing project. This provides for the formation of a harbor of refuge protected by breakwater structures extending to the 12- foot depth contour in the lake; for dredging a harbor basin, 10 feet in depth, and for dredging an extrance channel 12 feet in depth. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Huron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The cost of new work for the completed project was $538,650, excluding $130,100 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $6,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1389 Act approved March 2, 1945. For latest published map, see House Document 446, 78th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. One small privately owned, stone-filled, timbered-crib dock is used principally as a fishing terminal by the owner. A municipally owned timber pier, extending about 150 feet lakeward, with a 50-foot extension on one side and a 40-foot extension on the other side, is open to all vessels on equal terms. Terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made over the entire project during August 1955, at a cost of $408. The cost of material and services to repair the blacktop covers of the individual cells of the breakwaters with cold-patch and joint sealer was $265. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $673. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project began April 24, 1950, and was completed May 25, 1951. Project depths are generally available over all of the dredged anchorage area and entrance channel, except for a strip along the west edge at the north end of the anchorage area, 200 feet wide and 350 feet long, where the controlling depth is about 4.0 feet. The break- waters are in good condition except that minor cracks and holes have formed in the blacktop covers of the individual cells as a result of frost and wave action. The total costs have been as follows: New work: United States funds- -- $538, 650 Contributed by the State of Michigan _ 130, 100 Total ---------------------------- 668, 750 Maintenance ------------------ --------------- 1, 964 Total, all funds ------------------------------ $670, 714 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending Tune 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ Cost----------------- -$25,000 3,140 ------------....... ............ ------------ ----------- $36572 ------------------------------------ $668,750 668,750 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------------------- 275 $1,200 -----------.. $1,000 2,475 Cost----------------- 275 1,200 -$184 673 1,964 1Includes $130,100 cost for new work from contributed funds. 28. BLACK RIVER, MICH. Location. This river has its source in the northern part of Sanilac County, Mich., is about 60 miles long, and flows in a south- easterly direction into the St. Clair River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 43.) 1390 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, and August 11, 1888. For further details see page 1441 of Annual Report for 1916, and 1554 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 20 feet deep from deep water in St. Clair River to the Grand Trunk Western Rail- road bridge, 160 feet wide at the mouth, decreasing to 100 feet about 800 feet from the mouth, thence 100 feet wide for 2,600 feet, decreasing to 75 feet for a distance of 4,800 feet at upper end; widening 2 bends to 100 feet, 1 at the foot of 12th Street, and the other below the Grand Trunk Western Railroad bridge; and for a settling basin 75 feet wide and 20 feet deep, beginning at the Grand Trunk Western Railroad bridge in Port Huron and extend- ing upstream a distance of about 2,300 feet. The length of the section included in the project is 10,500 feet. The project depth is referred to local low water datum in the St. Clair River at the mouth of the Black River, which is 577.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Each year the level of the river rises and falls from 4 to 6 feet, due to the fact that spring freshets raise the level considerably above the normal. The level also changes from day to day, due to winds, such changes amounting to several inches. The cost of new work for the work completed, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $54,500. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The project modification authorized by the Act of August 30, 1935, is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the fore- going cost for new work. The cost of this modification was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $194,000, exclusive of $194,000 to be contributed by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Channel from mouth to Grand Trunk R.R. bridge__ Annual Report, 1889, p. 2291. July 13, 1892 Channel from Grand Trunk RR. bridge to Washing- No printed report. ton Ave. 1 Sept. 22, 1922 Consolidation of projects for Black River at Port H. Doc.436, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Huron and mouth of Black River. July 3, 1930 Settling basin __------------------- H. Doe. 162, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19352 Deepening channel and settling basin to 20 feet, and Rivers and Harbors Committee widening to 100 feet 2 bends. 1 at the foot of 12th Doc.54, 72d Cong., 2d sess.x St., the other below the Grand Trunk R.R. bridge. 1Contains latest published maps. 2The portion of the project authorized by this act is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of August 30, 1935, is subject to the requirement that local interests: a. contribute one-half of the initial cost of the improvement, b. provide all lands or easements necessary and requisite to the execution of the project. c. remove the existing Tenth Street Bridge, or replace it with a satisfactory structure, and RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1391 d. furnish satisfactory assurances that the United States will be protected from all claims for damages incident to the improve- ments. None of the above requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are docks on both sides of Black River, near its mouth, and between these docks and the upper limit of improvement there are 5 other docks varying in length from 100 to 500 feet. All docks are privately owned and are re- stricted to the use of the owners. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Four obstructions deposited in the channel by flood waters were removed at a total cost of $291 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. All work, except that authorized by the act of August 30, 1935, has been completed. Sounding survey made during April 1950 shows a controlling depth of 18 feet, except for scattered shoals along the channel banks, from the mouth of the river to the Grand Trunk Western Railroad bridge. In the settling basin the controlling depth decreases from 18 feet at the Grand Trunk Western Railroad bridge to 10 feet at the upper limit of Federal improvement. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work -- $54, 474 Maintenance -------------------- 380, 508 Total expenditures $434, 982 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.... - .... . .... . . .. ------------ ------------ ..- .. . . ------------ ------------ ... $140,323 $140,323 Cost Aprorit ------------- ----------------------------------------------------- 140,323 Maintenance: ------------ ------------ Appropriated........ ------------ $89 $300 392,526 Cost------------- ------------------------------------ 89 291 392,517 1Includes $85,849 for new work and $12,008 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ______--___-_ (2) 2 Does not include $194,000 for the inactive portion of the project. Local interests are required to contribute $194,000 in addition to U.S. funds. 29. ROUGE RIVER, MICH. Location. The river rises in Oakland and Washtenaw Counties, Mich., is about 30 miles long, and flows in a southeastery direction through Wayne County into the Detroit River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 415.) Previous projects. Authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 11, 1888 (Annual Report for 1887, pp. 2275-2278) ; joint resolution of April 11, 1898 (H. Doc. 138, 55th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report for 1898, p. 2605), and the River and Harbor Act 1392 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 of March 2, 1907 (H. Doc.289, 59th Cong., 1st sess.). For further details, see page 1530 of Annual Report for 1932, and page 1558 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. A channel 21 feet deep from that depth in Detroit River through the Short Cut Canal, 400 feet wide at the entrance, taper- ing to 200 feet in a distance of 2,000 feet, thence 200 feet to Maples Road, including a turning basin, 21 feet deep, near the upper end of the project. b. A channel 25 feet deep from that depth in Detroit River through the mouth of the old channel upstream for a distance of 1,300 feet, with a width of 240 feet at the mouth, tapering to 100 feet at a distance of 800 feet from the mouth, thence 18 feet deep and 100 feet wide for a distance of 1,425 feet, thence 17 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the Detroit, Toledo & Ironton Railroad bridge, a distance of about 1,550 feet, thence 21 feet deep and 100 feet wide, flaring to 130 feet at the north end of the Peerless Portland Cement Co. wharf, thence 21 feet deep, with width flaring from 130 feet to 150 feet at the junction of the old channel with the Short Cut Canal, suitably widened at the bend opposite the Detroit Sulphite Pulp & Paper Co. plant. The distance from Detroit River to the head of the project at Maples Road is about 31/2 miles via the Short Cut Canal, and about 41/2 miles via the old channel. The project depths are referred to local low water datum in the Detroit River at the mouth of the Rouge River, which is 572.2 feet above mean tide at New York. The level of this river, except during floods, changes with the level of the Detroit River, which fluctuates to an average extent of about 1.5 feet during the naviga- tion season. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $591,200 ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. Except for dredging of the 25-foot channel to a distance 1,150 feet upstream of the mouth in the old channel, the work authorized in the act of August 30, 1935, is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of the inactive portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $657,800. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $99,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1393 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11, 1888 17-foot channel 1-.............. .. ..----------.Annual Report, 1887, p. 2275. 2 Aug. 8, 1917 21-foot channel via Short Cut Canal_-------------- H. Doc. 2063, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Aug.30,193534 25-foot channel at mouth of old channel, the 18-foot Senate committee print, 73d Cong., channel, 1,425 feet in length and adjacent to the 2d sess.2 latter, and the 21-foot channel extending from the junction of the old channel and Short Cut Canal into the old channel to the Detroit, Toledo & Iron- ton R.R. bridge. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published maps. See also map with Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 19, 72d Cong. 1st sess. 3Including Emergency Relief Administration work authorized May 28, 1935. 4 Except for dredging of the 25-foot channel to a distance 1,150 feet upstream of the mouth in the old chan- nel, the work authorized in this act is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. The act approved August 30, 1935, provided that no Federal expenditures should be made on the improvements in the old channel until local interests had provided, without cost to the United States, all necessary rights-of-way and had furnished guaranties, satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army, protecting the United States against all damages to adjacent lands and property which may result from dredging operations. Except for the guaranties protecting the United States against damages to adjacent lands and property along the 25-foot channel, this re- quirement has not been complied with. All prior requirements fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is an iron ore dock near the river's mouth equipped with unloading machinery. The Ford Motor Company has an ore and coal dock near the head of the river improvement, with improved type of unloaders. Eight docks fully equipped for handling oil and oil products, and 1 dock equipped for handling gypsum rock, have been constructed along the riverbank. These docks have good railroad connections. In addition, there are 4 docks owned by sand and gravel companies which have unloading machinery, 1 pulpwood dock, and 1 timber dock. There are 9 docks that receive coal, 7 docks that receive stone, 1 dock that receives coal tar, and 1 dock that ships salt. There are also a number of smaller docks for launches. All docks along the river are privately owned and understood to be restricted to use of the owners. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over the entire project during September and October 1955 at a cost of $2,513. Revisory surveys were made by the U. S. Lake Survey at a cost of $2,000. Cost of supervision and administration of the project was $296. The U. S. hopper dredge Hains operated over the entire project during the periods Septem- ber 26 to September 29, 1955, and October 27 to December 18, 1955, removing 297,416 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $71,687. This cost was exclusive of the financial participa- tion by industries obtained as a result of studies of illegal deposit of industrial waste in the following amounts: Ford Motor Com- pany $27,386; Semet Solvay Company $3,593. Total financial par- ticipation by industries during the fiscal year was $30,979. 1394 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Total costs to the Detroit District during the fiscal year for maintenance were $76,496. Condition at end of fiscal year. The 21-foot project, which con- sisted of dredging a 21-foot channel from the Detroit River via the Short Cut Canal to the upper limit of improvement and the con- struction of 5 dolphins at the mouth of the Short Cut Canal, was completed in 1923. The 25-foot project at the mouth of the old channel was started with funds from the Emergency Relief Ad- ministration, but due to shortage of funds, dredging was restricted to a distance of 1,150 feet upstream of the mouth of the old chan- nel. All other work provided for in the act of August 30, 1935, relative to the improvement of the old channel, is held in abeyance until local interests have complied with the terms of local coopera- tion. The controlling depth of the 21-foot project, via the Short Cut Canal, is 21 feet along the center half of the channel to the turn- ing basin which has a controlling depth of 21 feet except along the channel banks. The controlling depth of the old channel, from its intersection with the Short Cut Canal to the 25-foot project, is 17 feet. The 25-foot section has a controlling depth of 25 feet, except along the channel banks. All bridges have been altered to comply with the requirements of law. The dolphins at the mouth of the Short Cut Canal have been removed. The head of navigation is determined by a fixed bridge about 2,600 feet above the upper limit of improvement. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work ----------------- - -- $561, 646 Maintenance 1, 592, 173 Total ------------------------------------------- 2, 153, 819 New work, Emergency Relief Act funds-- 29, 563 Total all funds -- --- $2, 183, 382 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated..--...--------------- ------- ----------- ------------ ------------ $641,292 Cost ----. ....------------------------------------------------------------ 641,292 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $93,700 $78,807 $77,300 $53,200 $75,000 1,650,051 Cost ----------------- 96,326 84,514 76,491 51,243 2 76,490 1,648,774 1 Includes $50,082 for new work and $56,608 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Includes -$6 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________________ (3) 8 Does not include $657,800 for the inactive portion of the project. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1395 30. MONROE HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is located on the lower reach of the Raisin River, which empties into Lake Erie at Monroe, Mich. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 3) Existing project. This provides for a channel 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide in Lake Erie, a distance of about 15,800 feet; thence 21 feet deep and 200 feet wide, with necessary additional widths at bends, in Raisin River, for a distance of about 8,200 feet; thence 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the lower wharves at Monroe, a distance of about 3,800 feet. The project also provides for rip- rapping of protecting dikes on each side of the channel extending lakeward for a distance of about 1,200 feet; and for a turning basin with an area of about 22 acres and depth of 18 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The level of the river varies with that of Lake Erie, which fluctuates irregu- larly from year to year, the greatest annual fluctuation being about 2.75 feet and the least about 0.90 of a foot, measured by monthly mean levels. Since 1860, the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean level during the navigation sea- son has been about 4.9 feet. The costs for completed new work have been $687,340, excluding $300,000 contributed by local interest. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $45,000. The project feature for riprapping the protecting dikes is con- sidered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost esti- mate. The cost of this feature was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $90,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Feb. 24, 18351 9-foot channel, protected revetments and piers _... .. Annual Report, 1872, p. 237. July 3, 1930 21-foot channel, dikes and turning basin 2---...........Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 22, 71st Cong., 2d sess. July 14, 1932s Modified conditions of local cooperation imposed by Rivers and Harbors Committee Aug. 26, 1937 J act of July 3, 1930. Doc. 12, 72d Cong., 1st sess. and Rivers and Harbors Committee Doe. 45, 75th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map). 1 Modified by act of June 10, 1872. 2 Riprapping of protecting dikes portion of the project is inactive. 8War Department appropriations act. Local cooperation. All requirements have been met. Terminal facilities. At the city of Monroe are some small privately owned docks and a municipally owned terminal. These docks are open to all vessels upon equal terms. The Ford Motor Company has its own private dock. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made in the turning basin and outer channel during May 1956 at a cost of $2,100. Repairs and replacements to the control system were accomplished at a cost of $2,790. The cost of super- 1396 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 vision and administration of the project was $176. The U. S. hopper dredge Hoffman operated in a portion of the outer channel during the periods November 28, 1955, December 1 through December 3 and December 5 and 6, 1955, removing 35,064 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $7,906. Total costs during the fiscal year for maintenance were $12,972. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1936, except for riprapping of protecting dikes on each side of the channel, which is not considered necessary at the present time. Due to the combined effect of severe storms and continued high water, the dikes have largely disappeared. A sound- ing survey made in July and August 1952 indicates controlling depths of 14.5 feet through the center half of the channel. An after dredging survey made in October 1952 indicates a controlling depth of 13.5 feet in the turning basin. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: New work: United States funds--- $687, 340 Contributed by Port Commission of Monroe------------- 300, 000 Total --------------------------------------- $987, 340 Maintenance: United States funds $494, 142 Contributed by Consolidated Paper Co. 80, 841 Contributed by River Raisin Paper Co-------------------- 39, 167 Total __-_ --- - $614, 150 Total cost, all funds- __ $1,601,490 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1953 1954 1955 1952 New work: Appropriated------------------------------------ ----------------------- $687,340 Cost-------------------------------------------------------------------- 687,340 Maintenance: Appropriated...... _ -. ---....... --............ - - $5,800 $13,975 495,170 Cost------------------------------- --------------- ............ 5,775 113,197 494,367 1 Includes $225 pending adjustment. 2 Does not include $90,000 for the inactive portion of the project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ _-___ (2) RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1397 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----- ---------------------- ------------ ---------- -----------.......... $300,000 Cost ------------------------------------------------------------------ 300,000 Maintenance: ........ Appropriated------- $7,500 $7,500 $7,500 $6,667 $5,000 131,667 Cost-----------------............--------- 12,884 ............ 17,124 120,008 Note. Contributed By: Consolidated Paper Co. ---------------------------------------------------- $92,500 River Raisin Paper Co._ ---------------------------------------------------- 39,167 Total................................ ----------------------------------------------------------------- $131,667 31. TOLEDO HARBOR, OHIO Location. This harbor comprises the lower 7 miles of Maumee River and the channel about 16.5 miles through Maumee Bay to Lake Erie. The Maumee River has its source in northern Indiana and empties into Lake Erie. The harbor is located at the westerly end of Lake Erie, 99 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 3.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, June 14, 1880, July 5, 1884, August 5, 1886, July 13, 1892, and August 18, 1894. For further details, see page 1959 of An- nual Report for 1915, and page 1565 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 500 feet wide from deep water in Lake Erie to the mouth of the Maumee River, with a width of 300 feet on each side of center dike in the bay channel; for a channel 25 feet deep in Maumee River to the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad dock, 400 feet wide from the mouth of the river to the Fassett Street Bridge, and 200 feet wide above that point; for a turning basin at the upper end, 18 feet deep and 8.25 acres in area; for a triangular widening at the bend in the channel at the mouth of the river, on the north side of the channel opposite the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway dock, 3,055 feet in length, 460 feet maximum width and 16.2 acres in area; and for removal of the stone-revetted earth dike, 1,000 feet long, forming a founda- tion for range lights in Maumee Bay. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctuations of water level are from 4 feet above to 2 feet below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes are from 9 feet above to 7.6 feet below that plane. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $6,251,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $354,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1398 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Auxiliary channel above Fassett Street Bridge, and H. Doc. 198, 55th Cong., 2d sess., the dike in Maumee Bay Channel. and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2693. June 25, 1910 Channel 21 feet deep...............--------------------------H. Doc. 865, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of the main channel and Rivers and Harbors Committee turning basin, and eliminated from the project the Doc. 21, 72d Cong., 1st sess. (con- auxiliary channel above Fassett Street Bridge. tains latest published map.). May 17, 1950 Widening at bend at mouth of river opposite Chesa- H. Doc. 189, 81st Cong., 1st sess. peake & Ohio Ry. dock. (contains latest published map.). Sept. 3, 1954 Removal of dike in Maumee Bay Channel--..._---- H. Doc 620, 81st Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published map.). Recommended modifications of project. On April 24, 1956, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing proj- ect to provide for widening the channel for an area of 22.4 acres and a depth of 25 feet opposite the Lakefront Dock at an estimated cost to the United States of $786,000 for construction and $6,200 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required, and for an area of 5 acres and a depth of 20 feet opposite the American Shipbuilding Company at an estimated cost to the United States of $73,000 for construction and $1,500 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required. The recommended modification was submitted to Congress on June 7, 1956. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed portions of the project. For widening at bend opposite Chesapeake & Ohio dock, approved May 17, 1950, and for removal of dike in Maumee Bay Channel, approved September 3, 1954, local interests are re- quired to hold the United States free from damages resulting from the construction works. Terminal facilities. There are 3 large railroad terminals for receipt of ore and 3 for handling coal, 1 fuel dock, 4 docks for handling grain, 5 docks for handling petroleum products, 5 sand and gravel docks, 1 cement dock, 3 private fish docks, and 2 pack- age-freight terminals which are open to all vessels on equal terms. The terminal facilities are regarded as adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Condition sur- veys were made over the project during July and August 1955, and May and June 1956, at a cost of $17,240. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports, including supervision and administration of the project and custody of the harbor was $5,193. The coopera- tive stream-gaging program and hydroclimatic network studies were accomplished at a cost of $5,992.00. The U. S. hopper dredges Hoffman and Hains operated in the Maumee Bay Channel and the lower portion of Maumee River Channel during the periods August 1 to December 10, 1955; September 29 to October 27, 1955, removing 662,194 and 146,313 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material, respectively. The total quantity of material removed by hopper dredge operations was 808,507 cubic yards, bin measure, and the total cost of dredging was $279,636. Total costs during the fiscal year for maintenance were $308,061. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, exclusive of widening the channel opposite the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway dock and removal of the center dike in Maumee Bay, was com- RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1399 pleted in 1936. Maintenance dredging normally performed dur- ing the late summer and fall month's usually restores project depth over a center width of 300 feet in the lake section and over about 80 percent of the river channel. Continuous and heavy shoaling usually results in a controlling depth of about 23 feet in the bay section channel by the end of the fiscal year. The controlling depth is 16.5 feet in the turning basin. The center dike which forms a foundation for the range lights in Maumee Bay is in poor condition. Removal of the dike has been authorized. The costs for the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work and maintenance prior to 1903 (not separable)__ $1, 410, 262 Maintenance since 1903 6, 045, 542 Total ------------------ 7, 455, 804 Public works funds, new work - 3, 690, 000 Total, all funds- -- $11,145, 804 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ....--.. .... .............-------- ----------- ......----------- ---------------------- $6,724,958 Cost- Maintenance: -------.------------ ----------- ------------------------ ----------- 16,724,958 Appropriated .....-------- $220,500 $313,300 $303,000 $352,700 $308,000 6,047,047 Cost----------------222,175 312,124 299,031 356,279 2 308,043 6,045,524 1Includes $1,624,695 for new work for previous projects. 2 Includes -$18 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $380, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 380, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __ -- 770, 700 32. NAVIGATION PROJECTION ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey conducted Michigan: Alpena Harbor, Michigan................------------------------------ $608 September 1955. ....................... Channels in Straits of Mackinac----------------------- 6,542 August 1955. Cheboygan Harbor _. ------------------------------------ 1,295 July 1955. Grand Marais Harbor_--------------------------------- 1,672 July 1955. Harbor of Refuge, Harbor Beach ------------. ---------- 2,545 October 1955. Leland Harbor ---------------------------------------- 854 July 1955. Pentwater Harbor-------------------------------------- 2 May-June 1956. Petoskey Harbor --------------------------------------- 275 May 1956. Portage Lake Harbor ---------------------------------- 1,066 July 1955. Traverse City Harbor .... ------------------ --- 1,089 May-June 1956. Ohio: Port Clinton Harbor-.. ...-.....-..--.----. ....... 908 May-June 1956. 1400 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance : Appropriated ...................------- ------------------------------------ $17,038 $17,038 Cost-----.......------------------------------------..............------------ 116,326 16,326 1 Includes -$530 pending adjustment. 33. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual quired to Report Construction Mainte- complete for- nance 1. Alpena Harbor, Mich.2-..-.-.---.-------.-. 1951 $328,451 $114,519 (1) 2. Arcadia Harbor, Mich.4.- _----------... - 1920 _----- - - 63,000 (1) 3. Belle River, Marine City, Mich.2 3 1907 24,301 857 (1) 4. Channels in Straits of Mackinac, Mich...... 1955 9 449,143 14,373 5. Channels in West End of Lake Erie, Mich. and Ohio---_----------------------- (10) ) ------ 11359,600 6. Clinton River, Mich.2_-----------------___ __ 1939 60,046 53,410 (1) 7. Grand Marais Harbor of Refuge, Mich- .... 1955 355,885 820,658 810,000 8. Grays Reef Passage, Mich.2 .____---------- 1937 109,521---------- (1) 9. Hammond Bay Harbor, Mich. .------------- 1951 19,833 960,767 66------- 10. Harbor of Refuge at Harbor Beach, Lake Huron, Mich.2_---------------- .- ,.- 1953 1,200,598 1,499,068 (1) 11. Leland Harbor, Mich__---------------- - 1955 64,181 79,104 (1) 12. Little Lake Harbor, Mich.8-...-.--.-.---. -1945 -------......... --... .-- 6 284,000 13. Mackinac Harbor, Mich.2 _-------------- 1953 77, 982 31,623 (1) 14. Maumee River, Ohio above 2 Toledo 2* 6...... 1873 7,000 -------------- (4) 15. Petoskey Harbor, Mich. --- - 1896 118,239 91,941 (1) 16. Pine River, St. Clair City, Mich.2 .......... 1907 13,647 1,031 (1) 17. Point Lookout Harbor, Mich.8 ___._________-1951 2,520 ----.---.----. 6 1,302,980 18. Portage Lake Harbor of Refuge, Manistee County, Mich_--- 1955 256,129 462,569 (1) 19. Port Clinton Harbor, Ohio 2-_. 1951 71,950 98,499 (1) 20. Put-in-Bay, Ohio 2-. ... . 1951 51,747 1,512 (1) 21. Rogers City Harbor, Mich.2 5- ___.....__ - - --. 1926 5,666 193 (7) 22. Sebewaing Harbor and River, Mich.2........ 1917 50,573 8,427 (1) 23. St. Joseph River, Mich.b - - - - -1923 4,555 5,195 (1) 24. Traverse City Harbor, Mich _---------------- 1955 239,557 3,574 (1) 1 Completed. 2 Channels adequate for commerce. 3 No commerce reported. 4 Abandonment recommended in 1916 in H. Doc. 668, 64th Cong., 1st sess. ' Abandonment recommended in 1926 in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 6 Does not include contributed funds, respectively, as follows: Hammond Bay Harbor, Mich., $89,400, Little Lake Harbor, Mich., $57,670; Point Lookout Harbor, Mich., $104,500. 7Project 65 percent complete. 8 Assurances of local cooperation approved on March 22, 1948. 9 Includes $419,399 public works funds. lo Not previously reported. Authorized by act approved March 21, 1956 (PL 434, 84th Cong., 2d sess.) (See S. Doc. No. 71, 84th Cong., 1st sess.) 111956 estimate awaiting the appropriation of funds. 34. NAVIGATION WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Protecting, clearing and straightening channels of navigable waters (sec. 3 of the 1945 River and Harbor Act). Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized the allotment not to exceed $300,000 from any appro- priations made for any one fiscal year for improvement of rivers and harbors, for removing accumulated snags and other debris, and for protecting, clearing, and straightening channels in navi- FLOOD CONTROL--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1401 gable harbors and navigable streams and tributaries thereof, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such work is advisable in the interest of navigation or flood control. During the fiscal year, a side channel in St. Marys River at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. was cleared and straightened, at a cost of $2,442. Cost andl financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated--- _ ,------------ ------------ 1$187, 200 - $2, 568 $2,442 $187,074 Cost1----------------- ----------------- 184,762 2 -130 3 2,442 187,074 1 Includes $150,000 appropriation and $79,692 of prior year costs which were transferred from St. Marys River. 2 Foot of Lake Superior. 3St. Marys River, Mich. Total costs Foot of Lake Superior-------.--------------------------------. $ 12,432 - Foot of Lake Huron-...........------------------------------ 22,200 Gros Cap Reef Upper, St. Marys River .............------------------------------------ 150,000 Small Craft Channel, St. Marys River..------------- --- ----------------------- 2,442 Total . ........... ...........------------------------------------------------------ $187,074 35. BATTLE CREEK, KALAMAZOO RIVER, MICH. Location. Kalamazoo River drains an area of about 1,980 square miles in Hillsdale, Jackson, Calhoun, Eaton, Barry, Kala- mazoo, Van Buren, Allegan, Kent and Ottawa Counties in south- western Michigan, and discharges into Lake Michigan about 2 miles downstream from the village of Saugatuck. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 76.) Existing project. This provides for flood protection along the Kalamazoo River at, and in the vicinity of Battle Creek, Mich., to consist generally of excavation and clearing of the Battle Creek Channel to provide for an enlarged channel within the city of Battle Creek extending from above the Union Street Bridge down- stream to its junction with the Kalamazoo River; rerouting the Kalamazoo River Channel in the vicinity of Liberty Street and Washington Avenue to bypass the constricted existing channel through the heart of the city; excavation and straightening the Kalamazoo River Channel downstream from the confluence of Battle Creek and the new rerouted Kalamazoo River Channel to below the Fort Custer Waterworks Bridge; riprapped or paved channels at critical locations in the new enlarged channels where the velocity of floodflow might be high enough to cause damage; constructing new and reinforcing existing highway and railroad bridges as required, and constructing a submerged weir and levees. The project is designed to provide protection for the city of Battle Creek from such peak flood discharges in the channels as would cause, when combined, a discharge of approximately 11,000 cubic feet per second below the confluence of Battle Creek and the Kalamazoo River. 1402 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1956 is $5,453,000, excluding $137,000 estimated to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1956) estimate of cost to local interests is $2,938,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (See S. Doc. 98, 83d Congress, 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps). Local cooperation. The Act of September 3, 1954, provides that no money shall be expended on the construction by the United States until responsible local interests have given assurances satis- factory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights- of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (c) maintain and operate all the works after completion, including supervision of maintenance and operation of the existing Monroe Street Dam and headrace on the Kalamazoo River, in ac- cordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; (d) prescribe and enforce regulations designed to prevent encroachments on the rights-of-way and improved channels; (e) construct new highway bridges across the new Kalamazoo River cutoff; (f) make all changes and additions to streets, water mains, electric powerlines, sewers, and other utilities necessitated by the improvements; and (g) contribute toward the project in accord- ance with the recommendation of the Secretary of the Army con- tained in the project document (S. Doc. 98, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) ; and provided further that construction of the initial stage of the project as defined in the district engineer's report, at an estimated first cost to the United States of $2,676,500, may be undertaken whenever funds are available and the prescribed local cooperation has been provided and whenever, in addition, local interests have agreed to remove, at their own expense concurrently with con- struction of the first-stage improvement, such buildings from the Battle Creek Channel as in the opinion of the District Engineer may jeopardize the effectiveness of that improvement. At the time of authorization of the improvement the Secretary of the Army recommended in the project document that a cash contribu- tion of $93,000, at report price levels, should be made by non- Federal interests. Assurances of local cooperation were requested from the city of Battle Creek on April 17, 1956, but formal assurances have not been received. The city of Battle Creek has indicated willingness to furnish the requirements of local cooperation and has advanced funds in the amount of $105,000 for definite project studies of the improvements in accordance with the River and Harbor Act ap- proved October 15, 1940. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Advance plan- ning for the improvement was about 50 percent completed at the end of the fiscal year. The total costs for the fiscal year were $53,138. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been FLOOD CONTROL-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1403 done. The total cost to date, all for advance planning for new work, has been as follows: United States funds - $2, 876 Advanced by city of Battle Creek_- 95, 524 Total ------- $98, 400 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------------------------------------------ 85,000 85,000 Cost.. .-....-----------------. . .-... . .. . . .---.. .13,082 3,082 ' Includes $206 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------ $81, 894 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------ 581, 894 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--- 4, 868,000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ----------------------------- ............ --------............ $105,000 ----------- $105,000 Cost......-............ ............ I 45, 262 '$49,916 95,178 1 Includes -$346 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____ $9, 822 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 .-- 32, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ _ _ -_-----_- 41,822 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-_ 36. SEBEWAING, SEBEWAING RIVER, MICH. Location. Sebewaing River drains an area of about 105 square miles in Huron and Tuscola Counties on the westerly side of the Thumb area of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan and discharges into Saginaw Bay, an arm of Lake Huron, about 20 miles north- east of the mouth of Saginaw River. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Existing project. This provides for the enlarging of the pres- ent channel of the Sebewaing River through the village of Sebe- waing, Mich., to a capacity of 7,500 cubic feet per second from the junction of the Columbia and State drains to a point 4,500 feet lakeward of the railroad bridge near the mouth, for altering the 1404 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 railroad bridge and 3 highway bridges to permit free passage of ice, and for removal of the present dike on the south side of the channel lakeward of the railroad bridge. The project is designed to provide protection for the village of Sebewaing from floods with a frequency of occurence of once in 15 years and with a magnitude greater than the maximum flood of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 286, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The current (1951) estimated cost of construction is $380,500. The approved estimate (1955) for annual cost of maintenance is $8,000. Local cooperation. With the exception of the furnishing of easements and ,rights-of-way for the removal of the remaining portion of the dike on the south side of the channel lakeward of the railroad bridge, all requirements of local cooperation have been complied with. Operations and results during the fiscal year. The continuing stream gaging program and sounding survey to determine the con- dition of the channel and extent of the shoaling were accomplished at a total cost of $3,078. The removal of ice jams was accom- plished at a cost of $185. Total costs during the fiscal year for maintenance were $3,263. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work required to construct the project is 95 percent complete. The incomplete portion of the project consists of the removal of the remainder of the old earth dike on the south side of the channel lakeward of the rail- road bridge. All items of the project are in good condition with exception of the channel which has shoaled to considerable extent throughout the entire length, and extensively at the upper end of the project and downstream of the railroad bridge. The costs have been as follows: New Work ---------------------------- $365, 642 Maintenance -- _20, Maintenanc------------------------------------------ 220 0 2 Total ------------------------------------- $385, 862 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ---------------- - -------------------- ---------------------- $365,642 Cost-------------- ------------------------------------------------------ 365,642 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ $2,457 $3,700 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 21,657 Cost----------------- 2,691 2,185 2,957 1,636 13,276 20,233 1 Includes $13 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________-_ $14,900 FLOOD CONTROL--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1405 37. RED RUN, CLINTON RIVER, MICH. Location. Red Run, a tributary of South Branch of Clinton River, drains an area of about 70 square miles in Oakland and Macomb Counties, in the southeastern portion of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. Existing project. This provides for enlargement of the channel of Red Run, from the intersection of Campbell and Twelve Mile Roads to the junction with South Branch, a distance of about 12 miles, to a trapezoidal section having side slopes generally of 1 vertical on 2 horizontal and a depth, from design-profile water surface (elevation 621 feet above sea level at the junction of Campbell and Twelve Mile Roads and 598 feet at the junction with South Branch) to bottom, of 13 feet; with bottom widths of 40 feet upstream from the junction of Bear Creek, 80 feet below Bear Creek, 100 feet below Beaver Creek, and 125 feet below Plum Brook; with necessary local modifications of side slopes and recti- fications of alinement of the channel. The plan of improvement will give substantially complete pro- tection against such damage as has occurred in the past and will result in an increase in the value of property in the areas subject to flooding. The existing project was approved by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 30, 1948. (See H. Doc. 628, 80th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The cost of new work for the completed project was $950,418. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of the final draft of the Operations Manual for the project was completed at a cost of $216. The total costs during the fiscal year, includ- ing accounting for previously completed work and real estate acti- vities in connection with land acquisition, were completed at a cost of $1,721, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project facilities have been turned over to the drainage board for operation and mainte- nance in accordance with requirements of the authorizing legisla- tion. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: New work: United States funds- - ---- $950, 418 Contributed funds .........-360, 966 Total------------------------------------- $1, 311, 384 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $40,000 ------------ -$17,594 ------------ -$1,988 $950,418 Cost_.---. . . 186,526 $218,449 84,985 $10,490 216 950,418 1406 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 New work: Appropriated.................. --$50,000---- - ------------- . $434,000 Cost-.........--...$139,904 27,133 $1,578 $1,408 $1,721 360,966 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ...-... $73, 034 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-____ 73, 034 38. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last _ Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Mount Clemens, Clinton River, Mich--------...... 1953 1 $1,136,008 -------------- (2) 2. Reno Beach-Howard Farm Area, Lucas County, Ohio 3_ - __------________- 1953 4,467 -- --- 4 $561,533 1 Includes $202,996 contributed funds. 2 Completed. s Awaiting the appropriation of funds. 4Does not include required local contribution in the amount of $189,000. 39. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Inspection of the completed local protection flood-control proj- ects were made as required at a cost of $1,161. The total costs have been $2,556. Cost andl financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Maintenance: Appropriated.. Cost-........ 1Includes $2 pending adjustment. 40. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control (sec 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). The operations during the fiscal year pursuant to this authoriza- tion consisted of completion of construction in connection with straightening and deepening the channel at the mouth of the Kawkawlin River, Mich. The costs during the fiscal year were $55,769, all for new work. The total of costs for the work was $59,160. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-DETROIT, MICH., DIST. 1407 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated_........ _.-----.... _---------$38,000 ------------ $21,160 $59,160 Cost----___----------_ ----------- 2,017 $1,374 155,769 59,160 1 All costs during the fiscal year are for Kawkawlin River, Mich. Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act), Camp Perry, Ohio. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-.. ------------- $150,000 .--------------------------- $----_$150,000 . .....- -11,782 Cost--..-.....-.-. - -.------..------------- $138,218 - 150,000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS 41. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Navigation studies were continued at a cost for the fiscal year of $10,378. The unexpended balance of $353 at the end of the fiscal year plus an additional, $75,000, a total of $75,353 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for continuing the navigation studies, including the small-boat harbor survey of the South Shore of Lake Huron, and the interim study of Mackinaw City Harbor, Michigan and the survey of Rouge River, Michigan under the Great Lakes Harbors special study. Flood control studies were continued at a cost for the year of $55,576. The unexpended balance of $1,745 at the end of the year plus an additional $140,400, or a total of $142,145, can be profitably expended during Fiscal Year 1957 for continuing flood control studies including the survey of the Maumee River Basin, Indiana, Michigan and Ohio; Grand River Basin, Michigan; AuGres River Basin, Michigan and the Kawkawlin River Basin, Michigan. Beach erosion cooperative studies were continued at a cost of $2,428 from United States funds and $114 from contributed funds, a total of $2,542. The unexpended balance of $10,868 of United 1408 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 States funds will be used for completion of cooperative beach erosion studies of Berrien County, Michigan and Lake Erie Shore, Marblehead to Ohio-Michigan State line. 42. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The cost of work during the fiscal year was $627 for Interna- tional Water Studies. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, amounting to $91, will be expended for International Water Studies. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT The district comprises a portion of northeastern Ohio, northwest- ern Pennsylvania, and western and northern New York, embracing the United States waters of Lake Erie, exclusive of the western end, Lake Ontario, and the St. Lawrence River, with their tributary drainage basins from and including Sandusky Bay, Ohio, to the inter- national boundary line east of Frontier, N. Y. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control Page Page 1. Sandusky Harbor, Ohio ... - 1409 22. Batavia and vicinity, Tona- 2. Huron Harbor, Ohio--------1411 wanda Creek, N. Y-..-... 1458 3. Lorain Harbor, Ohio ..-------- 1413 23. Wellsville, Genesee River, 4. Cleveland Harbor, Ohio ... - 1416 N. Y -------------- - .-1459 5. Fairport Harbor, Ohio-------1420 24. Mount Morris Reservoir, Gene- 6. Ashtabula Harbor, Ohio ... - 1422 see River, N. Y _ __ _ 1460 7. Conneaut Harbor, Ohio-..... 1426 25. Dansville and vicinity, Gene- 8. Erie Harbor, Pa_----------- 1428 see River, N. Y...- ....-- 1462 9. Barcelona Harbor, N. Y__ _.. 1432 26. Other authorized flood-control 10. Dunkirk Harbor, N. Y------ 1433 projects_.....-- .--....- 1463 11. Buffalo Harbor, N. Y....-------.. 1435 27. Inspection of completed flood- 12. Black Rock Channel and Tona- control works.-------- 1463 wanda Harbor, N. Y ..... 1439 ,28. Flood-control work under spe- 13. Little River at Cayuga Island, cial authorization _ 1463 Niagara Falls, N. Y_ _____ __ 1444 14. Niagara River, N. Y-------- 1446 Shore Protection 15. Niagara Remedial Works, N. Y 1447 16. Rochester (Charlotte) Harbor, 29. Presque Isle Peninsula, Erie, N. Y------------------1449 Pa__-------------------- 1464 17. Great Sodus Bay Harbor, 30. Other authorized shore-pro- N. Y------------------1451 tection projects-_....... _ 1467 18. Oswego Harbor, N. Y.-------.. 1452 19. Ogdensburg Harbor, N. Y..-.. 1455 General Investigations 20. Navigation projects on which 31. Examinations and surveys .. 1467 reconnaissance and condi- 32. Research and development._ 1467 tion surveys only were con- ducted during the fiscal Miscellaneous Activities year ------------------- 1457 21. Other authorized navigation 33. St. Lawrence Seaway Develop- projects_-...--.------.-- 1458 ment Corporation....---------. 1467 1. SANDUSKY HARBOR, OHIO Location. This harbor is located in the southeasterly portion of Sandusky Bay, 55 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 365.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 11, 1844; June 23, 1866; March 3, 1873; July 5, 1884; August 11, 1888; and August 18, 1894. For further details, see page 1960 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1574 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer channel 400 feet wide and 21 feet deep from deep water in Lake Erie through Sandusky Bay, a distance of about 31/2 miles, to the city waterfront docks. b. A channel along the waterfront about 7,800 feet long, 300 feet wide, and 22 feet deep, ending in a turning basin generally 800 feet 1409 1410 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 wide and 22 feet deep, and a dike constructed with the excavated rock on the north side of the channel and basin. c. Maintaining a channel to a depth of 22 feet, from the turning basin northward about 3,540 feet, that portion opposite the Pennsyl- vania Railroad coal wharf to a width of 350 feet, and north thereof to a width of 400 feet; thence 300 feet wide northeastward through Sandusky Bay about 7,700 feet, to a junction with the straight chan- nel; no dredging to be done within 50 feet of the face of the wharf. d. Protection works consisting of a stone jetty on the easterly side of the channel, extending northeasterly from Cedar Point, a distance of 6,000 feet, with suitable pierhead; a short stone spur at Cedar Point; and revetment of the slope adjacent to the channel in the vicinity of the inner front light, with a brush-and-stone mattress. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- tions of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 6 feet above to 2.5 feet below that plane. The actual cost of new work was $2,597,258 (excluding $325,000 contributed by local interests), exclusive of amounts expended on pre- vious projects. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $160,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Construction of channel protection works ....---------- . Doc. 362, 55th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2708. June 13, 1902 Widening of straight and dock channels and deepen- H. Doc. 120, 56th Cong., 2d sess. ing to 19 feet. Mar. 2, 1919 Extension of east jetty to total length of 6,000 feet, H. Doc. 982, 64th Cong., 1st sess. with pierhead on outer end; deepening of the outer, straight, and easterly portion of dock channels to 21 feet, and westerly portion of dock channel to 20 feet. Jan. 21, 1927 Deepening of dock channel to 22 feet H. Doc. 584, 69th Cong., 2d sess. _--------------- Aug. 30, 19351 Enlargement of turning basin and construction of Rivers and Harbors Committee rock dike. Doc. 2, 73d Cong., 1st sess.2 Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of bay channel to 22 feet; and elimina- H. Doc. 328, 76th Cong., 1st sess.2 tion from project of portion of turning basin and rock dike. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program, Nov. 15, 1933. 2 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is an extensive coal terminal, consisting of 3 docks, adjacent to the turning basin at the westerly end of the dock channel open to shippers of coal. Located on the dock channel are 10 private terminals for the handling of sand and gravel, fish, miscellaneous freight, and passengers. The city of Sandusky owns a pier and 2 small boat basins. A yacht club dock and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. Two docks for passenger boats are located at Cedar Point. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 4, revised 1950, Corps of Engi- neers.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1411 Operation and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $8,731. The U. S. hopper dredge Hoffman removed 162,549 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material, for restoration of project depths at a cost of $55,640. Snagging and clearing in project channels were accom- plished by Government plant at a cost of $8,037. The total cost of maintenance was $72,408. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1935 at a cost of $2,922,258 (including $325,000 contributed by local interests). The protecting works are generally in poor condi- tion. The east jetty has settled from its original elevation of 4.3 feet to about 1 or 2 feet above low water datum and in some places has settled to below low water datum. The stone in the dike has disinte- grated and settled. In many places the dike is down to low water datum. The controlling depth in the straight, outer bar, and bay channels is 21 feet and in the dock channel and turning basin 20 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $4,117,893, of which $2,597,258, including $599,500 public works funds, were for new work and $1,520,635 for maintenance. In addition, $325,000 were expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ------------ ----------- - ------------ 1 2 $3,074,407 Cost-------------------------------------- ------------ 1 23,074,407 Maintenance: Appropriated------........ $58,000 $63,000 $69,07 $112,000 $71,500 1,520,652 Cost ----------------- 58,287 64,146 67,984 112,791 72,408 1,520,635 1In addition, $325,000 were expended for new work from contributed funds. 2 Included $477,149 for new work for previous projects. 2. HURON HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie at the mouth of the Huron River, 47 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 363.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of May 20, 1826, and September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1961 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1576 of Annual Report of 1938. Existing project. This provides for a pier 3,170 feet long on the west side of the entrance channel, the shoreward 1,970 feet consisting of timber cribs with concrete superstructure and the remaining 1,200 feet of rubble-mounted construction, with a timber-crib concrete superstructure pierhead at its outer end; for a rubble-mound east breakwater 1,450 feet long, with a concrete light foundation at its outer end, founded on the rubble-mound; for a steel-sheet pile shore protection extending 200 feet westerly from near the shoreward end of the west pier; for a channel with a depth of 26 feet in the hard 1412 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 material and 25 feet in soft material extending from deep water in the lake to the south side of Wheeling & Lake Erie Railway Com- pany's slip 1, at the entrance of the river, the channel to be 400 feet wide in the lake and 300 feet wide inward of the outer pierhead, narrowing to 250 feet at the head of the channel; and for the en- largement but not maintenance of the turning basin, 19 feet deep, op- posite the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railway Company's ore dock. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes are from 5.5 feet above to 2.5 feet below that plane. The actual cost of new work was $1,034,350, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $80,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1905 Extension of west pier; construction of east break- H. Doe. 122, 58th Cong., 2d sess. water; removal of part of old east pier; deepening of channel to 19 feet; and dredging of sheltered area. Mar. 2, 1919 Widening of river to 200 feet; removal of remainder of H. Doc. 5, 63d Cong., 1st sess. old east pier; construction of new spur pier; en- largement of sheltered area; and closure of breach at shore end of west pier. Aug. 30, 19351 Extension of west pier with pierhead at its outer end; H. Doc. 478, 72d Cong., 2d sess. removal of outer end of east breakwater and con- (contains latest published map). structing pierhead on new outer end; widening and deepening of channel to present project dimen- sions; enlargement of turning basin at head of chan- nel; shore portection west of west pier; and elimina- tion from the project construction of spur pier and dredging of sheltered area outside of channel limits. 1 Partially included in Public Works Administration program, Nov. 15, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad (W. & L. E. Div.) has deepened and maintained the channel above the limits of the Federal improvement. This company has a dock with a frontage of over 1 mile, which affords facilities for handling iron ore and coal. The Eastern States Farmers Exchange, Inc., has a dock with a frontage of approximately 800 feet, adjacent to the ore dock. Three fish docks are private. A number of privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. The town of Huron owns a dock at the foot of South Street, which is open to the public. The facilities are regarded as adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 4, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during the fiscal year. Miscellaneous in- spection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Gov- ernment plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $4,898. The U. S. hopper dredge Hoffman removed 138,939 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over the entire area of the entrance channel, for restoration of project depth of 25 feet, at a cost of $30,893. Snagging and clearing in project channels were accom- plished by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $3,010. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1413 Plans and specifications for repairs to 341 linear feet of the west pier were completed at a cost of $2,649. The total cost for mainte- nance was $41,450. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940 at a cost of $1,034,350. A length of 250 linear feet of the west pier timber crib and concrete superstructure construction has been reinforced and repaired with steel sheet piling and concrete. An additional 1,700 feet of the west pier and portions of the east breakwater are failing. The controlling depth in the channel is 25 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $2,130,365, of which $1,034,350, including $561,252 public works funds, were for new work and $1,096,015 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------ ---------------------- 1$1,304,139 Cost ---------------------------- - ------------- 11,304,139 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $75,867 $8,000 $117,821 $40,300 $94,000 1,151,076 Cost---------------- 81,294 4,501 119,193 39,297 41,450 1,096,015 1 Includes $269,789 for new work for previous projects. 3. LORAIN HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie at the mouth of the Black River, 28 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 357.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 23, 1828. For further details, see page 1961 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1580 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 60 acres in area formed by converging rubble-mound breakwaters with an aggregate length of 6,350 feet and having an entrance 500 feet wide between pierheads of timber cribs with concrete superstructure located at the outer ends of the breakwaters. b. Two piers at the mouth of the river 300 feet apart, the west pier of timber cribs with concrete superstructure 1,003 feet long, and the east pier 1,875 feet long, of which 1,763 feet is of timber cribs with concrete superstructure and 112 feet is of sheet-pile construction. c. A depth of 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard mate- rial in the outer harbor and the river channel to a point 2,200 feet upstream from the outer ends of the piers, thence 24 feet deep in soft material and 25 feet in hard material to the upper end of the American Shipbuilding Co. drydock 2; thence for a channel of the same depths and generally 200 feet wide suitably widened at the bends, to the upper end of the National Tube Co. dock, with a turn- ing basin 650 feet wide and 20 feet deep in the bend of the Black 1414 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 River immediately upstream from the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad coal dock, and approximately 690 feet wide and 17 feet deep opposite the National Tube Co. dock; no project dredging above drydock 2 to be closer than 50 feet to existing and future docks or bulkheads. d. An approach channel 16 feet deep extending from the outer harbor to the municipal pier. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 5 feet above to 2 feet below that plane. The actual cost of new work was $2,748,513, including $3,000 con- tributed by local interests, but exclusive of amounts expended on pre- vious projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $190,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Breakwaters and extensions of piers to present di- H. Doc. 131, 55th Cong., 2d sess. mensions. and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2718. Mar. 2, 1907 Extension of 18-foot channel from inner end of piers H. Doc. 560, 60th Cong., 1st sess. to Erie Avenue Bridge. June 25, 1910 Extension of breakwaters and dredging to depth of H. Doc. 644, 61st Cong., 2d sess. 19 feet in outer harb or. Aug. 8, 1917 Extension of breakwaters to present project dimen- H. Doc. 980, 64th Cong., 1st sess. sions. Do-.......Deepening of outer harbor and river channel to Erie H. Doc. 985, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Avenue Bridge to a depth of 20 feet. July 3, 1930 Extension of 20-foot channel to the American Ship- H. Doc. 587, 69th Cong., 2d sess. building Co. drydock 2. 2 Aug. 30, 1935 Widening of 2 bends in river and enlargement of turn- H. Doc.469, 72d Cong., 2d sess. ing basin opposite National Tube Co. dock.' Approach channel to municipal pier-_--------------- Do------....... Senate committee print, 73d Cong., 2d sess.2 Do-.......Deepening outer harbor and river channel to Ameri- Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 can Shipbuilding Co. drydock 2 to present project Doc.51, 74th Cong., 1st sess. dimensions and extension of river channel to upper end of National Tube Co. dock with turning basin opposite that dock. Maintenance dredging in Black River from American Shipbuilding Co. dry- dock 2 to upper end of the National Tube Co. dock was authorized Apr. 7, 1934, by the Public Works Administration. (3) Enlarging turning basin opposite National Tube Co. Specified in act. dock to present project dimensions. Mar. 2, 1945 Turning basin in the bend of Black River immedi- H. Doc.161, 77th Cong., 1st sess.2 ately upstream from the Baltimore & Ohio RR. coal dock. 1Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 2Contains latest published maps. 3 First Supplemental National Defense Appropriation Act, 1944, approved Dec. 23, 1943. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. One iron ore terminal and 1 coal dock are open to the public. Extensive docks of the United States Steel Cor- poration (National Tube Div.) handle iron ore, limestone, pig iron, fuel oil, and sand, and are not open to the public. Three sand, 1 slag, and 4 fish docks are privately owned. The American Ship- building Company has drydocks and facilities for building and re- pairing the largest lake vessels. A yacht club dock and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. The city of Lorain owns 2 docks without rail RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1415 connections which are open to the public. The facilities are regarded as adequate for existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 4, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspec- tion services and condition surveys were accomplished by Govern- ment plant and hired labor at a cost of $5,987. The U. S. hopper dredges Hoffman and Lyman removed 228,150 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over the entire length of the Black River Channel and 100,000 square yard area of the outer harbor, for restoration of project depths of 24 and 25 feet, at a cost of $90,796. The U. S. derrick boat McCauley repaired 343 linear feet of the east breakwater, at a cost of $25,580. Snagging and clearing in project channels were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $2,521. The total cost for maintenance was $124,884. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1951 at a cost of $2,748,513. An outer harbor has been provided by constructing breakwaters and pierheads completed in 1915, except the extension of the west breakwater to shore, which was completed in 1921. A channel through the outer harbor to the entrance to Black River was deepened to 25 feet in 1937, also a channel 16 feet deep to the municipal pier was provided in 1936. Deepening the outer har- bor was completed in 1946. The entrance to the river has been im- proved by the construction of parallel piers completed in 1909. Widening of two bends in the river was completed in 1934. The river channel and upstream turning basin opposite the National Tube Company dock were deepened to project depth in 1937 and 1938 and the turning basin widened in 1944. Deepening of the downstream turning basin in the bend of Black Biver immediately upstream of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad coal dock to project depth of 20 feet was completed in 1951. The protection works are generally in poor condition. The shore- ward section of the west breakwater which was completed in 1921 has disintegrated and settled and in places is below water datum. At various locations on the lake face of the lakeward section of the west breakwater stones have shifted leaving holes in the wall, and in many sections of the east breakwater the stones above water have deterio- rated and shifted. The concrete superstructure of the East Pier is badly deteriorated. The controlling depth is 25 feet in the channel through the outer harbor, 24 feet in the river channel to the upper end of the National Tube Company dock, 16 feet in the outer harbor channel to the municipal pier, 17 feet in the upstream turning basin opposite the National Tube Company dock, and 20 feet in the downstream turning basin upstream of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad coal dock, all at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $4,988,184, of which $2,745,513, including $165,000 public works funds, for new work and $2,242,671, including $76,300 public works funds, for maintenance. In addition $3,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work. 1416 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ---- -$9,000 -$3,782 --- ...-.-- ....- ..- ...- .. 12 $3,037,716 12 3,037,716 Cost ----------------- 34,794 ............------------------------------------------ Maintenance: Appropriated ------ 142,000 209,000 $88,910 $156,000 $121,000 2,244,615 Cost---------------- 145,438 205,808 90,163 152,062 124,884 2,242,671 1 Includes $292 203 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition, $3,000 expended for new work from contributed funds. 4. CLEVELAND HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of Cuya- hoga River, 176 miles westerly from Buffalo, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 354.) Previous projects. Adopted by acts of March 3, 1825, June 23, 1866, March 3, 1875, August 5, 1886, and August 11, 1888. For fur- ther details, see page 1962 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1585 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. Outer harbor 5 miles long and 1,600 to 2,400 feet wide, enclosed by a breakwater system comprising an east breakwater 21,270 feet long, with a pierhead at its easterly end, of which 3,300 feet is of tim- ber-crib substructure with stone superstructure and 17,970 feet of rubble-mound construction, and a west breakwater connected with the shore, 6,048 feet long, of timber cribs with concrete superstructure with a gap of 201 feet about 662 feet from the shore end. b. A rubble-mound spur breakwater 400 feet long to protect the gap in the west breakwater shore arm. c. A main entrance 700 feet wide between arrowhead rubble-mound breakwater extending 1,250 feet lakeward from the 850-foot opening between the main breakwaters, with timber-concrete pierheads at their lakeward ends. d. Two parallel stone-filled timber-crib piers with concrete super- structure, 325 feet apart, at the mouth of Cuyahoga River; the east pier 1,602 feet long and the west pier 1,440 feet long. e. A depth of 19 feet, with provisional dredging to 23 feet, easterly from a line drawn perpendicular to the east main breakwater, be- ginning 800 feet easterly from the westerly end thereof, and a depth of 25 feet westerly from that line. f. An entrance channel 25 feet deep, through the outer harbor and between the piers up to the New York Central swing bridge. g. Improvement of the channel in Cuyahoga River to the vicinity of mile 5.8 and in Old River to the head of the Sand Products Cor- poration dock to a depth of 23 feet, the balance of Old River to a depth of 21 feet, with a turning basin in Cuyahoga River to a depth of 18 feet in vicinity of mile 4.8. h. Replacement or pier reconstruction of seven railroad bridges. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1417 tions of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations produced by wind and other causes are from 4.5 feet above to 1 foot below that plane. The estimated cost of new work is $25,282,000 (1956). The esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $900,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1875 West breakwater 1__________________________________ Annual Report, 1876, p. 558. Aug. 5, 1886 Part of east breakwater 1____.._ H. Ex. Doec. 116, 48th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1886, p. 1865. Aug. 11, 1888 Extension of east breakwater 1_.. _._ H. Ex. Doc. 189, 50th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1888, p. 2005. June 3, 1896 Reconstruction of piers___........................... H. Doc. 326, 54th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1896, p. 2949. Mar. 3, 1899 Dredging of channel between piers and outer harbor H. Doc. 156, 55th Cong., 3d sess., June 13, 1902 to a depth of 19 feet; dredging to depth of 23 feet in and Annual Report, 1899, pp. any portion of harbor in the discretion of Secretary 3075 and 3078. of War. June 13, 1902 Arrowhead breakwaters and extension of east break- H. Doc. 118, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1907 water. June 25, 1910 Removal of deflecting arm of old east breakwater No printed report. and closure of gap between old and new east breakwaters. July 27, 1916 Pierhead at easterly end of east breakwater ......... H. Doc. 891, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 Maintenance and improvement of channels in Cuya- H. Doec. 707, 63d Cong., 2d sess., Aug. 29, 1937 hoga and Old Rivers to a depth of 21 feet to a and Rivers and Harbors Com- point 2,000 feet upstream from Clark Ave. viaduct mittee Doc. 84,2 74th Cong., 2d and 18-foot turning basin. sess. Aug. 30,1935 8 Deepening of outer harbor and channel between piers H. Doec. 477, 72d Cong., 2d sess. to present project dimensions, construction of 400- foot spur breakwater at the gap in the shore arm of west breakwater; removal of easterly 150 feet of west main breakwater; elimination from project of a 298-foot southerly extension of the west pier; and abandonment of inner 932 feet of shore arm of west breakwater. Aug. 30, 19354 Maintenance dredging in Cuyahoga and Old Rivers Rivers and Harbors Committee for 1 year as an emergency measure. Doec. 39, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Maintenance of the extension of the Cuyahoga River Specified in act. channel. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Extension, maintenance, and improvement to a H. Doec. 95, 79th Cong., 1st sess. depth of 21 feet of 6Cuyahoga River channel to present project limit. 2 July 24, 1946 Improvement of Cuyahoga and Old Rivers to a H. Doec. 629, 79th Cong., 2d sess. depth of 23 feet and replacement or pier construc- tion of 7 railroad bridges. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. 3 Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 4 Previously authorized by Public Works Administration. 5 First Deficiency Appropriation Act approved Apr. 1, 1944. s Authorized by the Defense Plant Corporation, May 19, 1942. Local cooperation. Assurances required for the improvements authorized by the July 24, 1946, act were received and approved on May 3, 1949, by the Assistant Secretary of the Army. Negotiations for furnishing lands, easements, and rights-of-way are currently under way by the city of Cleveland. All other conditions are fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are approximately 48 terminals for the handling of various types of cargoes, the most important of which are iron ore, steel products, coal, scrap, cement, sand and gravel, stone, grain, petroleum products, automobiles, newsprint, paper, salt, sulfur, and fish. In general, the terminals operated by the railroads, which include 2 of the iron-ore and a coal terminal, are open to shippers 1418 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 of the commodities handled. The city of Cleveland owns 3 termi- nals, 1 of which is leased for a miscellaneous freight and automobile terminal. The Corps of Engineers owns a wharf at the foot of East Ninth Street which is private. Several yacht club docks and numer- ous other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recrea- tional and other small craft. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 3, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Relocations, consisting of replacement of railroad bridges 9, 1, 15, and 3 over the Cuyahoga River, were carried on by continuing contracts. Widening of Cuyahoga River in the vicinity of bridge No. 9, by continuing con- tract, was initiated. At the end of the fiscal year, replacement of bridge No. 9 was completed, bridge No. 1 was 68 percent completed, bridge No. 15 was 69 percent completed, bridge No. 3 was 76 percent completed and widening at bridge No. 9 was 87 percent completed. The total cost for new work was $4,498,241. Maintenance: Miscellaneous inspection services including flue dust investigations and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $9,195. The U. S. hopper dredges Hoffman and Lyman removed a total of 244,253 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over an area of approximately 200,000 square yards of the outer harbor and entrance channel for restoration of project depths of 23 and 25 feet at a cost of $96,816. The U. S. derrick boats Tonawanda and McCauley repaired approximately 1,150 linear feet of the east breakwater at a total cost of $114,189. Snagging and clearing in the project channels were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor, at a cost of $925. Maintenance of the Cuyahoga and Old Rivers, by contract, was continued and 449,329 cubic yards, scow measure, of shoaled material were removed for restoration of project depth of 21 feet, at a cost of $421,700. Advance spring dredging of the upper Cuyahoga River, by contract, was accomplished and 196,290 cubic yards, scow measure, of shoaled material were removed to approximately 26 feet below low water datum, at a cost of $200,238. The total cost was $5,341,304 of which $4,498,241 was for new work and $843,063 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 81 percent complete. The river entrance channel has been improved by the construction of parallel piers 325 feet apart, and dredging to a depth of 25 feet at low water datum up to the New York Central Rail- road bridge. The piers were completed in 1900 and the dredging in 1935. An outer harbor, about 1,300 acres in extent, has been formed by the construction of an aggregate length of about 30,000 feet of breakwater, including converging arms, completed in 1915. The main entrance has been widened to 700 feet and protected by converging arms extending lakeward from the east and west breakwaters, com- pleted in 1908. The outer harbor was deepened, 1933 to 1935, to 25 feet at low water datum throughout the west basin, in the' entrance channel, and over a portion of the east basin adjacent to the entrance channel; over the remaining portion of the east basin a depth of 23 feet at low water datum has generally been secured. Portions of the RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1419 channel in Cuyahoga River were widened each year from 1939 to 1942. Removal of 150 feet of easterly end of west breakwater and construction of 400 feet of spur breakwater to protect the gap in the west breakwater shore arm were completed in 1935. A concrete base for a light tower was constructed at east end of east breakwater in 1917 in lieu of the east-end pierhead. Providing a 1,300-foot ex- tension of the Cuyahoga River channel to the present project limit was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, and partially completed with Defense Plant Corporation funds during 1942. Old River to the Sand Products Corporation dock was deep- ened to 23 feet in 1952. Replacement of New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad bridge No. 25 was completed during April 1953. Re- placement of the New York Central Railroad bridge No. 8 was com- pleted during December 1953. Replacement of New York Central Railroad bridge No. 9 was completed during June 1956. The harbor structures require extensive repairs. Completing the remainder of the channel extension, widening por- tions of the Cuyahoga River, deepening Cuyahoga River to 23 feet, and replacement or pier reconstruction of four railroad bridges over the Cuyahoga River, remain to be done to complete the project. The controlling depth in the main entrance channel, through the west basin and between the piers, was 25 feet, and in the channel through the east basin, 23 feet. Depths elsewhere in the east basin within the project area range from 10 to 28 feet. The controlling depth in the Cuyahoga River was 21 feet; in Old River to Sand Prod- ucts Corporation dock, 23 feet; in remainder of Old River, 21 feet; and in the turning basin, 18 feet. The total costs of the existing project were $32,613,982, of which $20,667,386, including $616,767 public works funds, was for new work and $11,946,596, including $125,000 public works funds, for maintenance. In addition, $50,000 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated........ $1,000,000 $4,720,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 $5,300,000 1 $24,311,642 Cost-.......... - . 2,033,728 956,844 1,650,717 4,057,534 4,498,241 122,231,540 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- 899,539 796,000 862,030 926,500 820,800 212,058,702 Cost............... 915,771 632,743 876,638 946,147 843,063 11,946,596 1 Includes $1,564,154 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition, $50,000 were expended for maintenance from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .. - . $2, 060, 312 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, June 30, 1957 ------------------------------------- 1, 700, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------- 3, 760, 312 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------_ 834, 512 1420 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 5. FAIRPORT HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Grand River, 33 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 346.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1825, and May 20, 1826. For further details, see page 1963 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1590 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 360 acres in area formed by a system of breakwaters comprising a west breakwater, 3,878 feet long, connected with the shore, consisting of 825 feet of timber-crib substructure with stone superstructure and sea slope, 2,553 feet of rubble-mound con- struction, and 500 feet of cellular steel sheet piling with concrete caps; and an east breakwater 6,750 feet long, of rubble-mound con- struction. b. A west breakwater pierhead of steel-sheet piling with concrete cap and an east breakwater pierhead of timber-crib substructure with concrete superstructure. c. An east river pier 1,252 feet long, 578 feet of timber-crib sub- structure with concrete superstructure, the inner 674 feet not main- tained. d. Removal of the old west pier and construction of cellular steel- sheet pile bulkhead 500 feet long and 300 feet west of the westerly face of the east pier. e. A depth of 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard material in the outer harbor. f. A channel in Grand River 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide ex- tending from the outer harbor a distance of 2,000 feet upstream from the outer end of the east river pier; thence of the same depth with a width of 150 feet to the angle in the ore terminal, a farther distance of 1,700 feet; and thence with a depth of 21 feet, and with widths varying from 200 to 100 feet for a distance of 4,000 feet to the end of the stone receiving terminal of the Diamond Alkali Co., with a turn- ing basin 18 feet deep, 760 feet long, and 400 feet wide about midway in this section. g. A channel in Grand River 8 feet deep at the upper end of and adjacent to the west side of the 21-foot project channel, no dredging to be done closer than 20 feet from the westerly dock lines. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 4 feet above to 1 foot below that plane. The actual cost of new work was $2,525,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $125,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1421 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 18251 Construction of piers--....---..------ -------------- Annual Report, 1889, pp. 2147-2153. June 3, 1896 Breakwaters and dredging outer harbor to a depth of H. Doc. 347, 54th Cong., 1st sess., Mar. 3, 1905 18 feet. and Annual Reports, 1896, p. 2956; 1903, p. 2084; 1905, p. 2349. Mar. 2, 1919 1,400-foot extension of east breakwater, present proj- H. Doc. 206, 63d Cong., 1st sess. ject dimension of east pier; and deepening of harbor to 19 feet. Jan. 21, 1927 4,000-foot extension of east breakwater at limit of cost H. Doc. 592, 69th Cong., 2d sess., July 3, 1930 to the United States of $715,000. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 13, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 19352 Deepening of outer harbor and entrance channel to H. Doc. 472, 72d Cong., 2d sess. present project dimensions; extending the west breakwater to present project dimensions with pierhead at its outer end; removal of west pier; and construction of bulkhead on west side of river channel. Aug. 26, 1937 Dredging of 21- and 24-foot river channels and turn- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing basin in Grand River to present project dimen- Doc. 79, 74th Cong., 2d sess.3 sions. 3 July 24, 1946 Dredging of 8-foot river channel--_-_- _-------_ H. Doc. 706, 79th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Modified 1830, 1881, and 1890. New work completed under previous projects. 2 Partly included in Public Works Administration program, Nov. 15, 1933. 3 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927, requires local interests to contribute $304,000 toward the cost of extending the breakwater 4,000 feet, and dredge the channel of approach to their terminal at their own expense. The River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930, waived the condition requiring local interests to contribute to the cost of the breakwater extension. The condition requiring dredging has not been complied with. The act of July 24, 1946, provides for the 8-foot channel subject to the condition that local interests agree to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the improvement. This con- dition has not been complied with. All other conditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities. One coal dock does a general public business. Two limestone docks, 2 limestone and sand and gravel docks, 4 fish docks, a yacht club dock and 1 dock equipped with a derrick for handling small pleasure craft, are privately owned. There are no publicly owned terminals. The facilities are regarded as adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 2, 1950, Corps of Engi- neers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Deepening the 8-foot project depth channel in Grand River at the upper end of and adjacent to the west side of the 21-foot project channel was com- pleted, by contract, at a cost of $28,346. Maintenance: Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Gov- ernment plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $9,318. Re- visory survey cost amounted to $2,531. The U. S. hopper dredges Hoffman and Lyman removed a total of 272,931 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over the entire area of the Grand River channel and 150,000 square yards of the outer harbor, for restoration of project depths of 21, 24 and 25 feet, at a cost of $86,938. Snagging and clearing in project channels were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $3,737. The total cost for mainte- nance was $102,524. 1422 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1956 at a cost of $2,525,000. A length of 400 linear feet of the east pier was repaired with steel sheet piling and sand filled, in 1949. The river entrance has been improved by the construction of an east pier completed in 1904, and the removal of the old west pier and construction of the bulkhead, completed in 1939. The east break- water was completed in 1931 and the west breakwater in 1935. The river channel was deepened to project depths, and the turning basin was excavated in 1939. The outer harbor was deepened and the river channel was widened at its mouth in 1940. Deepening the 8-foot depth channel in Grand River at the upper end of and adjacent to the west side of the 21-foot project channel, was completed in 1956. The harbor structures require repairs. The concrete cap of two cells of the cellular section of the west breakwater requires replace- ment. At several places along the remainder of the west break- water and along the east breakwater, the slope stone has disinte- grated and settled. The inner 274 feet of the east pier requires replacement, and the outer end of the structure requires repairs. The controlling depth is 25 feet in the outer harbor, 24 feet in the river channel for 3,700 feet upstream from the outer end of the east pier, thence 21 feet in the river channel upstream to the project limit, 18 feet in the turning basin, and 8 feet in project area at upper end of Grand River. All depths are referred to low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $4,450,359, of which $2,525,000, including $187,772 public works funds, was for new work and $1,925,359 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------........ ------------------------ ------------ Cost -------------------......------------------------------............------ $28,346 28,346 1$2,893,940 1 2,893,940 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $67,000 $140,000 $93,488 $121,000 104,200 1,926,884 Cost----------------- 72,295 139,439 93,733 121,217 102,524 1,925,359 1 Includes $368,940 for new work for previous projects. 6. ASHTABULA HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Ashtabula River, 59 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 342.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of May 20, 1826, March 3, 1829, July 3, 1832, March 2, 1867, June 10, 1872, and March 3, 1881, and modified by the Secretary of Army July 8, 1890. For further details, see page 1963 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1593 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 185 acres in area protected by break- waters, the west breakwater 7,780 feet long, and the east breakwater RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1423 4,400 feet long, all of rubble-mound construction, except 430 feet of the west breakwater, which consists of timber-crib substructure and stone superstructure. b. A west pierhead of timber-crib substructure and concrete superstructure. c. An east light foundation located 600 feet easterly from the west pierhead, consisting of a concrete superstructure founded on the outer end of the rubble-mound east breakwater. d. The removal of 250 feet of the old inner east breakwater and of such additional lengths as may be necessary. e. An entrance 28 feet deep between existing breakwaters 600 feet apart; thence a channel of 25-foot depth and 1,100-foot maximum bottom width through the outer harbor to the old inner east break- water; thence 24 feet deep to the mouth of Ashtabula River; thence a channel 24 feet deep with a bottom width of 160 feet to a point 2,000 feet upstream; thence a channel 18 feet deep (except where ledge rock may be encountered) with a bottom width of 160 feet de- creasing to 100 feet and suitably widened at the southerly end, to the upper car-ferry slip; thence a channel 16 feet deep (except where ledge rock may be encountered) with a bottom width of 100 feet suitably widened at bends and in the turning basin, to the southerly end of the turning basin; thence a channel 16 feet deep with a bottom width of 100 feet to a point 1,550 feet upstream of the turning basin; also an approach channel 24 feet deep, with a minimum width of 250 feet from the 24-foot-depth section of the outer harbor eastward to the New York Central Railroad Company's slip. f. A 700-foot wide access channel leading southeastward from the present entrance channel and terminating in a basin having a width of 1,200 feet and a length of 1,500 feet, all dredged to a depth of 25 feet in earth and 26 feet in rock. g. Maintenance to 21-foot depth of that portion of the outer harbor between the deepened channel and a meridian line through the west- erly angle of the east breakwater. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by the winds or other causes, are from 4 feet above to 1 foot below low water datum. The estimated cost of new work is $7,574,000 (1956), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. Portions of the project consisting of the removal of 250 feet of the east inner breakwater at an estimated cost of $128,000 (1954) and extension of the Ash- tabula River channel at an estimated cost of $134,000 (1955), are to be restudied and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $112,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1424 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 Construction of breakwater.......---... ...... -Annual Report, 1895, p. 3122. June 25, 1910 Enlargement of outer harbor by extension of west H. Doc. 654, 61st Cong., 2d sess. breakwater and construction of new east break- water; pierheads on lakeward ends of breakwaters; and removal of part of old east breakwater. Mar. 2, 1919 Extension of west breakwater to shore; dredging H. Doc. 997, 64th Cong., 1st sess. outer harbor to a depth of 20 feet. Aug. 30, 19351 Removal of a portion of east breakwater, extension H. Doc. 43, 73d Cong., 1st sess. of breakwaters to present project dimensions, and removal of dredging restrictions in portion of west basin. Aug. 26, 1937 Dredging of channel through the outer harbor, chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 nel of approach to New York Central RR. Co.'s Doc. 78, 74th Cong., 2d sess. slip, channel in Ashtabula River, to and in turning basin, all to present project dimensions; removal of portion of old east inner breakwater; and mainte- nance to 24-foot depth of portion of outer harbor. Mar. 2, 1945 Extension of river channel to the present project H. Doc. 321, 77th Cong., 1st sess. limit. 3 Sept. 3, 1954 Dredging approach channel and turning basin in H. Doc. 486, 83d Cong., 2d sess. east outer harbor to 25-foot depth. 21Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. The removal of 250 feet of the inner east breakwater is to be restudied. 3 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the access chan- nel and basin in the easterly portion of the outer harbor which are subject to the conditions that local interests agree to- a. Furnish free of cost to the United States all land, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas necessary for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to con- struction and maintenance of the improvement. c. Construct and maintain adequate dock facilities open to all on equal terms; and d. Dredge and maintain the slip and access thereto from the basin to depths which will permit vessels to fully utilize the depth to be provided in the Federal project. Assurances have been received and were approved by the District Engineer on January 11, 1955. Con- struction of dock facilities by local interests is currently underway. Terminal facilities. There are 3 iron ore and 2 coal terminals with an aggregate developed dock frontage of 18,500 feet, all open to the public. There are 3 privately owned fish docks, 1 privately owned limestone dock, 1 limestone and sand and gravel dock, 1 salt dock, 1 dock for sand, gravel, salt and silicon ore, a large shipyard and drydock, and a car-ferry terminal. A yacht club dock and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 2, 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Dredging the approach channel and turning basin in the east outer harbor to 25-foot project depth was scheduled to be accomplished in two stages. Stage I, which provides a minimum 150-foot wide channel through the east outer harbor to the new docks, was initiated by continuing contract in October 1955 and completed during June 1956. Funds available from the fiscal year 1956 appropriation were considerably less than the estimated cost of stage I. However, the contractor RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1425 elected to complete all work required for stage I and reimbursement would be made for the remaining Federal costs of the completed dredging from the fiscal year 1957 appropriation. Preconstruction planning was initiated for stage II, which provides for dredging the remainder of the project area in the east outer harbor. The total cost for new work was $365,588 (includes $75,000 loan to the project.) Maintenance: Miscellaneous inspection services and con- dition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at cost of $8,685. Revisory survey costs amounted to $3,248. The U. S. hopper dredge Lyman removed 277,372 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over the entire area of the Ashtabula River Channel and the inner end of the outer harbor for restoration of project depths of 18 and 24 feet, at a cost of $91,897. The U. S. derrick boat McCauley repaired 558 linear feet of the west break- water at a cost of $37,678. Snagging and clearing in project channels were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $4,998. The total cost was $512,094 of which $365,588 was for new work and $146,506 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 42 percent complete. The west breakwater was completed in 1915 ex- cept 580 feet of the inner end which was completed in 1923, and 600 feet of the outer end which was completed in 1935. The east break- water was completed in 1915; 800 feet of the westerly end was re- moved, and a lakeward extension of 700 feet was completed in 1935. The old inner east breakwater 1,200 feet long was completed in 1909, and the westerly 600 feet was removed in 1913 and 350 feet in 1935. The 18- and 16-foot sections of the river channel and the turning basin were deepened to project depth in 1939. The channel through the outer harbor, the approach channel to the New York Central Rail- road Company's slip, and the channel in Astabula River to a point 2,000 feet upstream from its mouth, were deepened to project depths in 1940. The harbor structures require repairs. Portions of both the east breakwater and the west breakwater, where the slope stone has pulled away, the core stone has washed away, and the deck stones have dropped, require major repairs. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of deepening the remaining portion of the access channel and basin in the east outer harbor, deepening the upper 1,550 feet of the river channel and the conditional removal of the east inner breakwater. The portion of the outer harbor to be maintained to 21 feet has not been deepened to that depth, shale rock being above project depth over a portion of the area. The controlling depth is 25 feet in the channel through the outer harbor lakeward of the inner breakwater, 24 feet shoreward thereof, 20 feet in the east basin, 24 feet in the approach channel to the New York Central Railroad Company's slip, and in the Ashtabula River channel to a point 2,000 feet upstream from its mouth, 18 feet to the upper car-ferry slip, and 16 feet up to and including the turn- ing basin. Controlling depth in completed portion of east outer har- bor is 25 feet. No controlling depth is established for remainder of east outer harbor. 1426 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total costs of the existing project were $4,834,768, of which $3,222,462, including $536,648 public works funds, was for new work and $1,612,306 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.. __ ....... ..----------..... .. ...........---- $371,000 _-------__-- 1$3,793,066 Cost--------------- _------------ --------------- 365,588 3,787,654 Maintenance: Appropriated---- ........ $12,800 $162,000 $121,740 $111,500 145,730 1,612,802 Cost.. .....---.--. 24,686 164,798 114,649 117,778 146,506 1,612,306 1Includes $565,192 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -___ $5, 412 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1957 -------------------------------------- 1,800,000 1 00 0 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ -------- --------- 1, 805,412 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___ - 2 2, 546, 126 2Exclusive of $128,000 required for removal of 250 feet of east inner breakwater and $134,000 for extension of Ashtabula River Channel, both of which are to be restudied. 7. CONNEAUT HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Conneaut River, 73 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 33.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1829, July 13, 1892, February 24, 1893, and June 3, 1896. For further details, see page 1964 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1597 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor, the deepened portion of which is about 142 acres in area formed by a system of breakwaters comprising a west breakwater 5,965 feet long, connected with the shore, with a 100-foot gap, 1,670 feet from shore, all of rubble-mound construction, and an east breakwater 3,675 feet long, 2,625 feet of which is rubble-mound construction and 1,050 feet of timber-cribs with concrete super- structure. b. A west breakwater pierhead of timber-crib substructure with concrete superstructure. c. An east breakwater light foundation of concrete superstructure founded on the outer end of the rubble-mound. d. An entrance 600 feet wide between the west breakwater pierhead and the east breakwater light foundation. e. An east pier, 1,008 feet long, of timber-crib substructure and concrete superstructure. f. A depth of 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard material in the eastern portion of the outer harbor, and for a depth of 20 feet in the remainder of the outer harbor, consisting of a triangular area with its apex about 900 feet southerly from the west breakwater RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1427 pierhead, its southeasterly angle 800 feet westerly from the west pier, its southwesterly angle 100 feet from the west breakwater. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 4 feet above to 1 foot below water datum. The estimate of cost for new work is $5,077,000 (1956), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $16,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Extension of east breakwater, construction of new H. Doc. 653, 61st Cong., 2d sess. west breakwater; removal of portion of old west breakwater; and dredging of outer harbor to 19 feet. Aug. 8, 1917 Realinement of west breakwater; removal of remain- H. Doc. 983, 64th Cong., 1st sess. der of old west breakwater, and deepening outer harbor to 20 feet. (2) Removal by Bessemer & Lake Erie R.R Co. of inner 635 feet of the west pier. Aug. 30, 1935' Removal of a portion of west breakwater; extension H. Doc. 48, 73d Cong., 1st sess. 1 or breakwaters to present project dimensions; con- struction of pierheads on outer ends of break- waters; deepening outer harbor to present project dimensions; removal of portions of river pier, and elimination from project of a 255-foot shoreward extension of the west breakwater. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Permit of the Secretary of War, Aug. 5, 1927. a Partially authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Local interests maintain the river channel to provide access to terminals in the river comprising 1 coal terminal which is open to shippers of coal, 1 iron ore, 1 stone, and 1 steel- products terminal, which are private. The city of Conneaut owns a terminal and a small-boat lagoon on the outer harbor which are open to the public. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 2, 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at the project at a cost of $5,679. Revisory survey costs amounted to $3,248. The U. S. hopper dredge Lyman removed 46,927 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over an area of approximately 120,000 square yards of the outer harbor for restoration of project depth of 25 feet, at a cost of $21,151. The U. S. derrick boat Tonawanda repaired 500 linear feet of the west breakwater at a cost of $142,194. Approximately 450 linear feet of the east pier guard fender was replaced by hired labor and contract, at a cost of $22,272. The total cost for maintenance was $194,544. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 71 percent complete. Under the existing project, a length of 4,445 feet of the new west breakwater was completed in 1916; the old east breakwater, 1,050 feet long, was extended shoreward 800 feet (com- pleted 1911) and lakeward 900 feet (completed 1923). The 1,670- 1428 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 foot shore arm to the west breakwater was completed in 1934. Ex- tension of the west breakwater 830 feet lakeward, the east break- water 925 feet lakeward, and removal of the lake arm of the west breakwater were completed in 1935; 642 feet of the old west break- water was removed in 1916, and the remaining 600 feet in 1925. Two piers have been constructed at the mouth of the Conneaut River. Removal of west pier and 459 feet of east pier were completed in 1934. The east pier is now 1,008 feet long. A channel through the outer harbor was dredged to 25 and 26 feet in 1938. The inner 1,200 feet of the west breakwater was rebuilt to its original elevation during 1941 to 1952. At several places along the remainder of west breakwater and along the east breakwater, the slope stone along the lakeside is disintegrating and pulling away and the deck stone is settling. Other harbor structures are generally in fair condition. The controlling depth in the channel through the outer harbor is 25 feet below low water datum. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to deepen a 320-foot wide strip on the westerly side of the deepened channel through the outer harbor, to 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard material, and to deepen the re- mainder of the outer harbor to 20 feet. The total costs of the existing project were $4,822,128, of which $3,270,477, including $1,010,500 public works funds, was for new work and $1,551,681 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------ ......- . ----- ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------ $4,075,719 Cost-----------------------------.....---------------------------------.................................... 4,075,719 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ $64,700 $169,500 $90,887 $212,100 $194,030 1,617,999 Cost-----------------................. 75,255 164,009 71,977 204,075 194,544 1,591,465 1Includes $805,272 for new work and $39,784 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____________ $1,806, 553 8. ERIE HARBOR, PA. Location. On the southerly side of the bay formed by Presque Isle Peninsula, on the south shore of Lake Erie, 78 miles westerly from Buffalo, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 332.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 26, 1824, and modifications were subsequently made by approval of the report of a board of engineers in 1855 and in 1865; by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867; by approval of the report of a board of engineers in 1870; and by River and Harbor Acts of August 5, 1886, and September 19, 1890. For further details see page 1965 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1600 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: IVERS AND HARBORS--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1429 a. An entrance channel, 25 feet deep in soft material and 26 feet deep in hard material, 500 feet wide lakeward of the entrance piers, and 300 feet wide between the piers and into the harbor. b. A channel of the same depths and 600 feet wide from the en- trance channel to a line 50 feet outside of the pierhead line at the ore terminal, suitably widened at the junction with the entrance channel. c. A harbor area 21 feet deep, approximately 117 acres, extending westerly from the 600-foot channel for a distance of about 2,100 feet to a line perpendicular to the harbor line 200 feet west of the city dock, with it southerly side 50 feet from the harbor line. d. An approach channel, 23 feet deep and 300 feet wide, from the 25-foot channel to and including a turning basin of the same depth 1,200 feet long by 1,000 feet wide at the westerly docks. e. An additional harbor area 18 feet deep, of about 35 acres, ex- tending westerly from the 21-foot area and northerly from the harbor line off the public dock, to natural deep water in the bay. f. For harbor entrance piers 360 to 450 feet apart, of the timber- crib type with concrete superstructure, extending to the 14-foot con- tour in the lake, the north pier to have a length of about 3,248 feet and the south pier to have a length of about 2,215 feet, further exten- sion lakeward of the north pier to be made when required to meet advance of said contour. g. A timber-crib breakwater 1,200 feet long (original length, 2,530 feet) with stone superstructure, extending from the inner end of the south pier toward the mainland, to maintain a closure at the eastern end of the harbor and for plant growth and emergency protection work on the peninsula. h. An anchorage area to be accomplished by widening to 25 feet the approach channel described in paragraph b above, from 600 feet to 1,200 feet with the western boundary of the area 1,500 feet long and the eastern boundary about 1,900 feet long. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- tions of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 5.9 feet above to 2.7 feet below that plane. The estimate of cost for new work is $2,578,000 (1956), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The extension of the north pier portion of the project is to be restudied and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1955, and was estimated to be $1,071,000. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1430 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents May 26, 1824 Breakwaters and piers; dredging entrance channel; Annual Report, 1915, p. 1965. and brushwood protection of beach of Presque Isle Peninsula.' Mar. 3, 1899 Deepening channel and harbor basin to 18 feet; repair H. Doc. 70, 55th Cong., 1st sess., and extension of piers; and plant growth and emer- and Annual Report 1897, p. 3237. gency protection work on peninsula. June 15, 1910 Deepening channel and part of harbor to 20 feet-......Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 26, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Nov. 28, 19222 Reconveyed Presque Isle Peninsula to the State of Pennsylvania for park purposes. Aug. 30, 1935 Deepening, widening, and straightening entrance H. Doc. 52, 73d Cong., 1st sess. channel, dredging channel at easterly end of harbor (contains the latest published basin, deepening a portion of harbor basin, all to map). present project dimensions; elimination of north breakwater from project; and limitation of south breakwater to a length of 1,200 feet. Mar. 2, 1945 Approach channel and turning basin to the westerly H. Doc. 735, 79th Cong., 2d sess. docks. Protection of the peninsula south of the waterworks Do-....... Specified in act. settling basin. 8 Sept. 3, 1954 Widen 25-foot deep approach channel to ore dock- ... H. Doc. 345, 83d Cong., 2d sess. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Public 366. 3 The extension of the north pier portion of this modification is to be restudied. Local cooperation. Providing an approach channel 23 feet deep, including a turning basin, to the westerly docks, is subject to the con- dition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: Provide and maintain a coal dumper and slip so that full utilization can be made of the improvement; lower the waterworks intake line where necessary; and hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages incidental to the work or maintenance thereof. These conditions have not been complied with. The provision of an anchorage area by widening the 25-foot ap- proach channel from 600 to 1,200 feet, is subject to the condition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from dam- ages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. These assurances have not been complied with. Prior conditions have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The developed waterfront has a length of about 2 miles. Two groups of terminals have been established along this harbor frontage. The westerly group consists of 3 piers, 1 of which is used for sand and stone, 1 for petroleum products, and 1 for sand and petroleum products. The easterly group consists of 1 terminal for iron ore, limestone, and coal; 1 for petroleum; 1 for coal; 1 for pulpwood; 1 for sand, stone, and petroleum; 1 grain elevator; and 1 municipal pier used as a passenger terminal. There are 2 small boat basins in which there are docks for fish, marine repair work, and small pleasure craft. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 1, 1951, Corps of Engi- neers). Operationsand results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor, at a cost of $4,017. Revisory survey costs amounted to $3,602. The U. S. hopper dredge Lyman removed 184,594 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over the en- RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1431 trance channel and bay channel for restoration of maintained depths of 25 feet and 21 feet at a cost of $54,719. Two hundred and twenty- eight feet of the north pier were rebuilt, by contract, at a cost of $102,192. The total cost for maintenance was $164,530. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 21 percent complete. The breakwater and piers were completed in 1915. A 3,050-foot section of rubble-mound protection work on the peninsula was completed in 1921, 5,281 feet of steel sheet piling protection work with stone facing were completed in 1930, and two experimental 300- foot stone groins and about 1,385 feet of stone protection work at beach 2 were completed in 1943. The construction of 2,750 feet of stone protection work, just north of the Kelso groin, was completed in 1944. The 18-foot harbor basin was deepened in 1900. Widening and straightening of the entrance channel was completed in 1936. The deepening of the entrance channel and approach channel to the easterly docks to 25 feet, except for small triangular areas along the southeasterly and southwesterly limits of the approach channel, was completed in 1939. The 21-foot harbor basin was deepened in 1940. The harbor structures are generally in poor condition. The con- crete superstructure of the north pier has disintegrated, broken, and dropped in various sections. In the outer 200-foot section of the south breakwater, the slope stone on the channel side has pulled away and dropped. A length of 40 linear feet of the south pier and 1,141 linear feet of the north pier has been reinforced and repaired with steel sheet piling and concrete. Approximately 1,400 linear feet of the steel sheet piling bulkhead with stone facing adjacent to the mainland, Presque Isle protection works, constructed in 1930, in which the stone facing has settled has been completely covered with sandfill as provided in the shore protection project authorized for Presque Isle Peninsula (see page 1464). The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging an approach channel and turning basin to the westerly docks, deepening the remaining portion of the approach channel to the easterly docks, and the conditional extension of the north pier. There is a controlling depth of 25 feet at low water datum in the entrance channel and in the approach channel to the docks at the easterly end of the harbor, 15 feet to docks at the westerly end, and 21 feet to the public docks, foot of State Street. The total costs of the existing project were $4,499,033, of which $768,075 was for new work and $3,730,958 for maintenance. In ad- dition, there was a cost and expenditure of $154,500 from contributed funds for maintenance. 1432 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------ ------------ ------------------------ .----------- $1,505,042 Cost----------------------------------------- - 1,505,042 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $95,000 $99,500 $327,830 $115,200 $68,700 23,837,670 Cost----------------- 91,454 31,206 261,176 157,137 164,530 23,835,858 1 Includes $736,967 for new work and $104,900 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $154,500 for maintenance were expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________ s $1, 809, 925 8 Exclusive of $1,071,000 required for extension of the north pier portion of the project deferred for restudy. 9. BARCELONA HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This harbor is located on the south shore of Lake Erie about 17 miles southwesterly of Dunkirk, N. Y., and 29 miles north- easterly of Erie, Pa. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 32.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 4, 1836. Only information available is in the index to the report of the Chief of Engineers under the project title "Portland Harbor, N. Y." Existing project. This provides for a harbor formed by an east and a west breakwater, 890 feet and 950 feet long, respectively, with an opening 200 feet wide at the outer end; an entrance channel 100 feet wide and 10 feet deep, extending from deep water in the lake to a point 160 feet from the outer end of the east breakwater; and a harbor basin 8 feet deep, 800 feet long, varying from 100 to 350 feet in width; with such modifications as in the discretion of the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers may be desirable. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- tions of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 5.9 feet above to 2.7 feet below that plane. The estimate of cost for new work is $1,122,500 (1956), excluding $7,500 contributed by local interests, and exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,200 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 466, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the condition that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will-- a. Contribute $7,500 in cash toward the cost of protective struc- tures and dredging. b. Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suitable and adequate public wharf for the accommodation of transient vessels. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1433 c. Establish a competent and properly constituted public body em- powered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of harbor facilities (exclusive of Federal property) with the understanding that harbor facilities shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. d. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the works. e. Provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project, in- cluding suitable spoil-disposal areas when and as required. These assurances were furnished on October 4, 1949, and were approved by the Secretary of the Army on December 20, 1949. Terminal facilities. There are seven stone-filled timber mooring cribs. All the cribs are privately owned and are used exclusively by commercial fishing vessels. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 2 percent complete. Detailed plans and specifications were completed in 1946. Based on revised design criteria formulated since comple- tion, additional preconstruction planning is required. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of the completion of detailed plans and specifications, construction of the east and west breakwaters, and deepening of the project area. The total cost of the existing project was $15,600 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------------ ------------ ------------------------------------ $72,216 Cost---------- ---------------------------------------------------------- ............ 72,216 1Includes $56,616 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriatd for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__- $250, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-______ _ 250, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -------------------------- 856, 900 10. DUNKIRK HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This harbor is located on the south shore of Lake Erie, 37 miles southwesterly from Buffalo, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 32.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1827, and was modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, by approval November 30, 1870, of the report of a board of engineers and by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. For further details of previous projects, see page 1966 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1604 of Annual Re- port for 1938. 1434 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. This provides for an outer entrance channel with depths of 17 feet in earth and 18 feet in rock, with a least width of 190 feet just inside the harbor structures, flaring to a width of 320 feet about 600 feet lakeward thereof, and extending to deep water; an inner entrance channel and basin to a depth of 16 feet, the west channel limit to be a prolongation landward of the west limit of the outer entrance channel to a point about 635 feet landward of the center-line of the west pier, thence extending to a point about 200 feet west of the west face of the city dock on a line parallel to and 25 feet south of the face of the city dock, thence extending eastward to a point about 420 feet east of the east face of the city dock, thence northerly about 270 feet meeting a line parallel to and 50 feet from the channel arm of the east breakwater; removal of a rock shoal on the west side of the inner entrance channel to a depth of 17 feet; for a pier 1,410 feet in length on the west side of the entrance channel, extending to shore, 1,037 feet of timber-cribs with concrete super- structure 151/2 feet with stone superstructure, and 3571/2 feet of the shore end not maintained; and for a detached breakwater extending eastward from the entrance channel, 2,814 feet in length, 987 feet of timber-cribs with concrete superstructure, and 1,827 feet with stone superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- tions of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations produced by wind and other causes are from 6 feet above to 3 feet below that plane. The cost of new work for the completed project was $429,174, including $11,000 contributed by local interests and exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The (1955) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $17,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 18271 Construction of west pier 1 2-......................... S. Ex. Doc. 42, 35th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1866, pt. IV, p. 155. Mar. 2, 1867 Breakwater and excavation of entrance channel to Annual Report, 1871, p. 214. 13 feet.' June 3, 1896 Deepening of entrance channel and harbor basin to H. D'oc. 63, 54th Cong., 1st sess. a depth suitable for vessels of 16-foot draft.' June 25, 1910 Removal of rock reef bordering the inner entrance H. Doc. 720, 61st Cong., 2d sess. channel. June 30, 1948 Deepening outer entrance channel to present project H. Doc. 632, 80th Cong., 2d sess. depths; removal of rock shoal on the west side of (contains latest published map). the entrance channel to a depth of 17 feet, and changed limits of the inner entrance channel and basin to present project dimensions. 1 Modified 1828 and 1852. 2 Complete under previous projects. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. A dock owned by the city of Dunkirk is de- signed for commercial use by large lake vessels. The terminal has been leased to private parties, but is open to all on equal terms under the terms of the lease. A yacht club dock and a privately owned marine service dock are for recreational and other small craft. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1435 The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor performed miscellaneous inspection services and condi- tion surveys at the project at a cost of $432. Revisory survey cost amounted to $1,079. Contract for dredging outer channel was com- pleted to project depth and 2,485 cubic yards, place measure, of shoaled material were removed during July 1956 at a cost of $7,082. The total cost for maintenance was $8,593. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1951 at a cost of $429,174 (including $11,000 contributed by local interests). The protecting structures are generally in good condi- tion. Approximately 800 feet of the lake side of the west pier has been reinforced with stone riprap, and repairs to additional areas are necessary. The controlling depth in the outer channel is 14 feet, due to rapid shoaling, and the inner channel and turning basin are 16 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $1,178,686, of which $418,174 was for new work and $760,512 for maintenance. In addi- tion, $11,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ---------- ----------- ------------ ------------ 2 $1,229,424 Appropriated-------- -----........----........... Cost ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- .--------------- 21,229,424 Maintenance: Appropriated.------- -$5,039 $4,500 $4,387 $53,000 $6,010 937,218 Cost---------------- 146,845 2,388 4,060 52,670 8,593 937,032 1 Includes $811,250 for new work and $176,520 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $11,000 was expended for new work from contributed funds. 11.- BUFFALO HARBOR, N. Y. Location. At the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of Niagara River, 176 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Charts Nos. 3 and 314.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 20, 1826, with modifications by River and Harbor Acts of July 7, 1838, June 23, 1866, June 23, 1874, June 3, 1896, March 2, 1907, and June 25, 1910. For further details see page 1967 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1606 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 41/ miles long and 1,600 feet wide, formed by a breakwater system, approximately parallel to the lake shore extending from Stony Point to the head of Niagara River, and having a total length of 23,704 feet, with entrances near the north and south ends, and consisting of the Stony Point breakwater (in- cluding the south entrance arm) 3,603 feet long; the south break- water 10,289 feet long; the old breakwater 7,608.5 feet long; the north breakwater 2,203.5 feet long; a south entrance 550 feet wide; a 1436 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 centrally located circulation gap about 150 feet wide and natural depth of 20 feet; and a north entrance 1,300 feet wide. The types of construction are as follows: 9,550 linear feet of rubble-mound, 14,154 linear feet of timber-crib substructure surmounted with 9,113 linear feet of concrete, 370.5 linear feet of stone, and 4,670.5 linear feet of stone-concrete superstructure. b. A south pier at the entrance to the inner harbor (Buffalo River), 1,760 feet long, of timber-cribs and piles with concrete and stone superstructure. c. A depth of 25 feet in the south entrance and the portion of the outer harbor south of a line perpendicular to and 2,000 feet north of the southerly end of the south breakwater and a depth of 23 feet north of that line, with the westerly project limit 150 feet from the axes of the breakwaters and the easterly project limit 50 feet from the United States harbor line; and removal, to a depth of 27 feet, of 3 small shoals located on the direct route of approach to the south entrance. d. A north entrance channel, 800 feet wide with a depth of 25 feet in earth and 26 feet in rock, from deep water in the lake to the outer harbor; and a depth of 22 feet in earth and 23 feet in rock in the Buffalo River entrance channel from the outer harbor to the junction of Buffalo River and Buffalo ship canal, with the southern project limit 5 feet from the south pier and the northern project limit 40 feet from the dock of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Company. e. Channels in Buffalo River and Buffalo ship canal with depths of 22 feet in earth and 23 feet in rock to the upper Delaware, Lack- awanna & Western Railroad Company bridge and to the Lehigh Valley Railroad canal, respectively, with widths generally of 150 and 125 feet, respectively, without dredging closer than 25 feet to dock lines except at bends, and with the rock ledge just above the Ohio Street Bridge cut back approximately 13 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordi- nary fluctuations of water surface are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations due to wind and other causes about 9 feet above and 3.5 feet below the plane. The estimte of cost for new work is $17,835,000 (1956), exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $400,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1437 __ __ Acts Work authorized Documents May 20, 1826 Construction of south pier (extended in 1868) 1 ____ Annual Report, 1868, pp. 222 and 232. June 23, 1866 Construction of old breakwater 1._._ - Annual Report, 1868, pp. 232-236. JunJune23, 1874 Extension of old breakwater 1 -...................... Annual Report, 1876, pt. 2, pp. 569 and 573. June 3, Stony Point and south breakwater 1__. . 1896 __ Annual Report, 1895, p. 3153. Mar. 3, 1899 H. Doc. 72, 55th Cong., 1st sess.. Mar. 3, North breakwater 1_................____....___... 1909 and Annual Report, 1897, p. 3245, June 6, Deepening entrance channel to inner harbor and re- 1900 Specified in acts. June 13, moving rock shoal therein. 1902 Mar. 2, Dredging at entrance to canals at South Buffalo in 1907 Specified in act. outer harbor.' Mar. 2, 19072 South entrance breakwater 1__________________ H. Doc. 240, 59th Cong., 1st sess. June 25, 1910 Extension of Federal project to Commercial St. and H. Doc. 298, Rivers and Harbors removal of Watson elevator site.' Committee Doc. 2, 61st Cong., 2d sess. July 25, 1912 Deepening areas A, B, and D in outer harbor to 21 H. Doc. 550, 62d Cong., 2d sess. feet, and area C in north entrance to 23 feet. Mar. 2, 1919 Deepening areas F and G in outer harbor to 21 feet_. H. Doc. 1139, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21, 1927 Removal of shoal between entrance channel to H. Doc. 481, 68th Cong., 2d sess. Buffalo River and Erie Basin to 21 feet. July 3, 1930 Deepening areas H, I, and K in outer harbor to 21 Rivers and Harbors Committee . feet. Doc. 1, 71st Cong., 1st sess. 4 Aug. 30, 1935 2 Extension of south entrance and south breakwaters, H. Doc. 46, 73d Cong., 1st sess. deepening outer harbor to present project dimen- sions, and removal of shoals on approach to south entrance. Aug. 30, 1935 Maintenance of channels in Buffalo River and Rivers and Harbors Committee 4 Buffalo Ship Canal to 21 feet, in cooperation with Doc. 54, 74th Cong., 1st sess. the city of Buffalo. Mar. 2, 1945 Deepening the North and Buffalo River entrance H. Doc. 352, 78th Cong., 1st sess.4 channels, and deepening and maintaining the Buf- falo River and Buffalo Ship Canal to present project dimensions. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Also Sundry Civil Act of Mar. 3, 1905. a Authorized in part by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 4 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are approximately 50 terminals for the handling of all types of cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are iron ore, coal, grain, limestone, sand and gravel, steel products, scrap, petroleum products, automobiles, cement, and sul- fur. In general, the terminals operated by the railroads and lake transportation companies and most of the grain elevators are open to the public. The city of Buffalo owns 2 wharves which are used as automobile terminals. The American Shipbuilding Co. has a dry- dock and facilities for repairing lake vessels. There are also several privately owned marine service, mooring, and supply docks for lake vessels and smaller boats. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 1, revised 1951, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Deepening the left half of the Buffalo River Entrance channel to project depth of 23 feet, and deepening the remaining portion of the Buffalo River channel to the upstream Federal project limit to project depth of 22 feet, by contract, was accomplished at a cost of $1,327,361. Deepen- ing of the remainder of the 25-foot project area in the southerly part of the outer harbor was initiated, by contract, and was 28 percent completed at a cost of $153,270. Total cost for the year for new work was $1,480,631. Maintenance: Miscellaneous inspection services and condition sur- veys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor, at a 1438 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 cost of $17,696. Revisory survey costs amounted to $5,397. The U. S. hopper dredge Lyman removed 364,971 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over an area of approximately 5,000 square yards of the Buffalo River entrance channel and 120,000 square yards of the middle section of the outer harbor for restoration of maintained depths of 23 and 25 feet at a cost of $90,272. The U. S. derrick boat Niagara repaired 347 linear feet of the south breakwater at a cost of $29,050. Snagging and clearing in project channels were accom- plished by Government plant and hired labor, at a cost of $13,883. The total cost was $1,636,929 of which $1,480,631 was for new work and $156,298 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 43 percent complete. The Stony Point breakwater was completed in 1899, a 1,000-foot extension was completed in 1914, 1,200 feet of the shore end were sold to the Lackawanna Steel Company in 1918, and another 1,000-foot extension was completed in 1935. The south breakwater was completed in 1903, and a 300-foot extension was com- pleted in 1935. The north breakwater was completed in 1901, the old breakwater in 1893, and the south pier in 1869. Removal of three shoals to 27 feet, on the direct approach to the south entrance channel was completed in 1954. Deepening of the 25-foot project area in the south entrance channel was completed in 1954. Deepening of the 25-foot project area in the southerly part of the outer harbor was completed in 1954 except for approximately 800 feet of the northern portion. During 1955 and 1956, the Buffalo River channel was deepened to the project depth of 22 feet and the Buffalo River entrance channel was deepened to the project depth of 23 feet. The 23-foot project area in the outer harbor and in the north-end entrance channel, have been deepened to project depth except for strips 50 feet wide along the harbor line and 180 feet wide between the Superior Grain Corporation's and the Merchants Refrigerating Company's piers. The harbor structures are generally in good condition, except at various points of the south breakwater and old breakwater where the slope stone on the lakeside has been displaced, portions of the stone banquette on the harbor side of the old breakwater have dropped, and the riprap protection along the lakeside of the northerly 1,200 feet of the old breakwater has settled. The controlling depth in the completed portion of the northerly part of the outer harbor is 22 feet; in the north entrance channel is 21 feet; in the south entrance channel and the completed section of the southerly outer harbor is 25 feet; 21 feet in the uncompleted sec- tion of the southerly outer harbor; 22 feet in the Buffalo River En- trance channel and in Buffalo River; and 20 feet in the Buffalo Ship Canal; all at low water datum. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of the deepening of the north entrance channel to 25 feet in earth and 26 feet in rock; deepening the Ship Canal to 22 feet in earth and 23 feet in rock; and completion of deepening of the 25-foot project area in the southerly part of the outer harbor and the remainder of the 23-foot outer harbor area. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1439 The total costs of the existing project were $12,927,802, of which $7,744,561 including $655,500 public works funds, was for new work, $5,183,241 for maintenance. In addition, $390,000 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $80,000 $658,000--------- $1,100,000 $2,000,000 $12,738,554 Cost--------.-----.. 489,558 127,913 $585,243 910,896 1,480,631 12,022,147 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 236,000 287,000 298,040 284,500 203,050 2 7,117,868 Cost 319,287 304,077 291,580 292,798 156,298 27,066,888 1 Includes $4,277,586 for new work and $1,883,647 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $390,000 were expended for maintenance from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____- $211, 649 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________________________________ 211, 649 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ _ ______________________ 9,374, 032 12. BLACK ROCK CHANNEL AND TONAWANDA HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This improvement is essentially that of the upper 131/2 miles of the Niagara River from its head at Lake Erie, Buffalo, N. Y., to and including Tonawanda Harbor, N. Y. It comprises the im- provements formerly designated by three titles; viz, Lake Erie en- trance to Black Rock Harbor and Erie Basin, N. Y., Black Rock Harbor and Channel, New York, and Tonawanda Harbor and Niagara River, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 312.) Previous projects. Lake Erie section, none. The original project for Black Rock Harbor and Channel was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1829. The original project for Tonawanda Harbor and Niagara River was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. For further details, see items 5 and 7, page 1970 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1612 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 21 feet deep from Buffalo Harbor, north entrance channel, to opposite Sixth Avenue, North Tonawanda, total length 131/2 miles, as follows: From Buffalo north entrance channel to the foot of Maryland Street, Buffalo, a dis- tance of about 4,200 feet, about 1,000 to 500 feet wide, with a short branch channel leading to Erie Basin; thence 350 feet wide, narrow- ing to 200 feet wide, 500 feet northwest; thence generally 200 feet wide through Black Rock Channel to the ship lock at the foot of Bridge Street, a distance of 3.3 miles, widening at the curve opposite the foot of Porter Avenue and at the angle immediately south of the International Bridge. From the lock the channel is 400 feet wide in the Niagara River to the natural deepwater pool at the upstream end 1440 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 of Rattlesnake Island, a distance of 3.4 miles; thence through natural deepwater to the downstream end of the deepwater pool at the Tona- wanda waterworks intake crib, a distance of about 4.7 miles, widened to 500 feet opposite the Colorado Iron & Fuel Corporation's plant, by the removal of 200 feet of the westerly end of Rattlesnake Island Shoal; thence 400 feet wide to the foot of Tonawanda Island opposite Second Avenue, North Tonawanda, a distance of 5,000 feet, ending in a turning basin about 1,230 feet long and 1,250 feet wide extending to a point opposite Sixth Avenue. The project also provides for the removal of rock shoals from the Lake Erie entrance to the canal, and in the canal south of Ferry Street Bridge, to a depth of 22 feet; for a channel 6,800 feet long, and gen- erally 400 feet wide in Tonawanda inner harbor the lower 1,500 feet to be 21 feet deep and the remainder 16 feet deep; for a channel 16 feet deep, 1,400 feet long, and generally 180 feet wide in Tonawanda Creek; for a ship lock at Bridge Street, Buffalo; for the repair and 800-foot extension of Bird Island pier; for the improvement and extension of the guide pier; and for the repair of the towpath wall. The project depth in the canal is referred to low water datum in Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The project depth in the river is referred to the river surface when Lake Erie is at low water datum. Ordinary fluctuations of water level above the lock are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations produced by winds and other causes, are about 9 feet above to 31/2 feet below that plane. River fluctuations gradually decrease to about 70 percent of fluctuations above the lock when they reach North Tonawanda. The estimate of cost for new work is $10,688,000 (1956), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The improvement of guide pier at the Black Rock lock is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $931,000. The esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $350,000 (1955) including $207,000 for operation and care. Description of Black Rock lock Location: Foot of Bridge St., Buffalo, N. Y. (in city limits). Dimensions: Length between miter sills feet------------------feet__ 650 Available length for full width___-----------------do__ 625 Width in clear (between fenders) _________do__ 68 Depth on miter sills at low water___ __________-do__ 21.6 Lift _______---------------------------------------do__ 5 Foundation (lock) : Bedrock. Dam: Fixed. Type of construction: Lock: Concrete walls; steel mitering gates. Dam: The dam consists of Squaw Island dike and Bird Island pier lying between the canal and Niagara River. The pier was built of timber cribs filled with stone in 1822-34, chiefly by State of New York. Cost is unknown. Cost of lock_--------------- $1, 037, 213. 20 Approach walls and office storehouse______________________ 526, 842. 53 Total - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 1, 564, 055. 73 RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1441 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11, 1888 Dredging channel through Horseshoe Reef at outlet H. Ex. Doc. 83, 50th Cong., 1st June 3, 1896 of Lake Erie and Tonawanda Inner Harbor, to 16 sess., Annual Report, 1888, p, feet. 2066, and Annual Report, 1897, pp. 3116-3120. June 13, 1902 Deepening Tonawanda Creek to 16 feet-----------.............. H. Doc. 143, 56th Cong., 1st sess.. and Annual Report, 1900, p. 4152, June 13, 1902 Dredging channel from Buffalo outer harbor to foot H. Doc. 125, 56th Cong., 2d sess.. Aug. 8, 1917 of Maryland St., Buffalo, to 21 feet. and Annual Report, 1901, p. 3343. Mar. 3, 1905 Dredging channel from foot of Maryland St., Buffalo, H. Doc. 428, 58th Cong., 2d sess. to natural deepwater pool upstream from Tona- wanda Harbor to 21 feet; construction of ship lock and bridge; and repair of Bird Island pier and towpath wall. July 27, 1916 Dredging channel along Tonawanda Island, with H. Doc. 658, 63d Cong., 2d sess. turning basin at its downstream end at the foot of the Island, to 21 feet. Mar. 2, 1919 Dredging triangular area at junction with Buffalo H. Doc. 1004, 65th Cong., 2d sess., Mar. 2, 1945 north entrance channel. and H. Doe. 92, 79th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Widening channel at foot of Maryland St., Buffalo_- H. Doc. 981, 66th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 3, 1925 Widening canal south of International Bridge and H. Doc. 289, 68th Cong., 1st sess. removal of westerly end of Rattlesnake Island shoal. June 26, 1934' Operation and care of improvements provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 3 Aug. 30, 19352 Removal of rock shoals in Lake Erie entrance to H. Doc. 28, 73d Cong., 1st sess. canal, and in canal south of Ferry Street Bridge, to 22 feet; enlargement of North Tonawanda turning basin; extension of Bird Island pier; improvement of guide pier at the lock; and elimination of upper 150 feet of Tonawanda Creek channel from the project. Mar. 2, 1945 Widening Lake Erie entrance to canal_ ------------ _ H. Doc. 92, 79th Cong., 1st sess.4 4 Sept. 3, 1954 Deepen lower 1,500 feet of Tonawanda inner Harbor H. Doc. 423, 83d Cong., 2d sess. and enlarge turning basin. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Authorized May 28, 1935, by Emergency Relief Administration Act of 1935. 3 Improvement of guide pier at the Black Rock lock is considered to be inactive. 4 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the deepening of the lower 1,500 feet of the Tonawanda Inner Harbor which is subject to the condition that local interests agree to-- a. Furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary land, easements and rights-of-way for the new work and subsequent maintenance. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages which may result from construction and maintenance of further improve- ment. c. Provide and maintain suitable depth between the Federal chan- nel and adjacent terminals. Terminal facilities. There are no freight terminals along the chan- nel above the Black Rock lock. Along the upstream end of the channel there are 2 small boat har- bors, 1 unused seaplane terminal, 1 naval militia dock, 2 yacht club docks, and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks for recreational and other small craft, and 2 State-owned barge canal terminals at Erie Basin. Below the Black Rock lock and at Tonawanda Harbor, there are 8 terminals for petroleum products, 2 for iron ore, stone, and pig iron, 1442 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 2 for coal, 1 for molasses, 4 for sand and gravel, 1 for lumber, and 1 for pulpwood, all of which are private. There are also two State- owned barge canal terminals at Tonawanda, N. Y. There are 7 marine service and supply docks for recreational and other small craft. The Corps of Engineers owns a wharf adjacent to the Black Rock lock, which is private. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 1, revised 1951, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspec- tion services, including flue dust investigations and condition sur- veys, were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at the project. The U. S. hopper dredge Lyman removed 44,923 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material from the Black Rock Canal and Niagara River for restoration of project depths. The U. S. derrick boat Niagara repaired sections of the towpath wall and performed snagging and clearing in the project channels. Operation and care-Black Rock lock: The lock was in continuous operation 275 days, and closed for the winter season, January 1 through April 1, 1956, inclusive. Ordinary maintenance and repair of structures and grounds were performed throughout the year. The signal station, located on the canal at the foot of West Genesee Street, was in continuous operation 245 days. The total costs for maintenance were distributed as follows: Operation of lock ___----------------------------- $95,000 Ordinary maintenance and repairs --------------- 82,000 Lock guards and maintenance of grounds_ 15,935 Miscellaneous, inspections, flue dust and condition surveys _ ___________-______ -- 10,000 Revisory surveys 8,217 ___-------------------_ $211,152 Rehabilitation: Removal of shoals from project channels-------- 35,096 Repairs to towpath wall ____-_-_ 6,733 Snagging and clearing in project channels 12,127 53,956 Total cost, all work, for maintenance 265,108 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 86 percent complete. The channel from Buffalo Harbor north entrance to opposite Sixth Avenue, North Tonawanda, is complete. The dif- ferent sections of this channel were completed to project depth as follows: Lake Erie section in 1909; Black Rock Canal section in 1915; Niagara River section from lock to deepwater pool above Tonawanda, in 1913; and Tonawanda section, including turning basin, 1921. The channel was further widened as follows: The triangular area at Lake Erie entrance to the canal was completed in 1922 and transferred from Buffalo Harbor project in 1945; Lake Erie section was widened at the bend opposite foot of Georgia Street, Buffalo, in 1924; Black Rock Canal section, just south of the International Bridge at Buffalo, in 1928, and opposite the foot of Maryland Street, Buffalo, in 1930; and Niagara River section in the vicinity of the westerly end of the Rattlesnake Island shoal in 1928. Rock shoals extending above a depth of 21.4 feet were removed from the Lake Erie entrance to the RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1443 canal and in the canal south of Ferry Street Bridge, in 1937. Rock shoals extending above a depth of 22 feet were removed from the Lake Erie entrance to the canal, in Black Rock Canal, and in the Niagara River portion of the canal in 1948-1949. The Tonawanda Creek Channel was completed in 1902. Tona- wanda Inner Harbor Channel was completed in 1904. The enlarge- ment of the Tonawanda turning basin and the extension of Bird Island pier, were completed in 1936. The lock, including wing walls and retaining walls above the lock, was completed in 1914, and the 100-foot east wing wall extension in 1927. The guide pier connecting with the west lower wing wall was completed in 1916, except for the 200-foot northerly extension and construction of concrete platform in the angle. The upstream 100 linear feet of the lower West Guide pier were repaired during 1951. The bridge at Ferry Street, operated and maintained by the city of Buffalo, was completed in 1914, and the lock- operating houses in 1924. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of improvement and extension of the guide pier, as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, widening the Lake Erie entrance to the canal, and deepening of the lower 1,500 feet of the Tonawanda Inner Harbor. All structures are in poor condition. Both the towpath wall and Bird Island pier are badly deteriorated and require considerable annual maintenance. Several sections of the towpath wall fail yearly, requiring removal of stone and debris from the channel and repair of the structure. The operating equipment and controls for the Black Rock lock are antiquated and inefficient. The east channel face of the lock wall was repaired in 1953, and the west channel face in 1954. The upper wing wall of the lock has shifted laterally approximately 2 feet at the maximum point, and the concrete superstructure on the lower wing wall is badly cracked indicating a possible failure of the timber- crib. The controlling depths at low water datum are Black Rock Channel 21 feet, 20 feet in the Niagara River section of the channel and in the Tonawanda turning basin, Tonawanda Inner Harbor 14 feet, and Tonawanda Creek Channel 12 feet. The costs of the existing project were $15,497,095, of which $10,061,098, including $1,764,922 emergency relief funds was for new work, $1,951,225 for maintenance, and $3,484,772 for operating and care. In addition, the sum of $1,356,007 was expended between July 9, 1914, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent in- definite appropriation for such purposes. 1444 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- -----........------------------............---............----------....................... .----------- 1 $10,119,125 Cost......------------------- ------------------------------------------ 110,119,125 Maintenance: ------- $233,000 Appropriated........ $315,000 $310,000 $245,100 $260,900 2 6,800,122 Cost ................. 255,926 346,145 303,509 242,282 265,108 26,792,004 1 Includes $58,027 for new work for previous projects. i Includes $4,921.94 of emergency relief authority administrative costs transferred from new work to maintenance upon conversion to Programming and Budgeting System July 1, 1953 by direction of Office, Chief of Engineers. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 6, 000 Unobligated balances available for suceeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__----------------------------------- __ 6,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------- 626, 900 $ Exclusive of $931,000 required for improvement of the guide pier at Black Rock Lock which is inactiv e 13. LITTLE RIVER AT CAYUGA ISLAND, NIAGARA FALLS, N.Y. Location. Little River is located entirely within the city limits of Niagara Falls, N. Y., and is a narrow branch of Niagara River sep- arated from the main east branch of Niagara River by Cayuga Is- land which is located about 6 miles above the Niagara cataract and about 5 miles below the federally improved project at the mouth of Tonawanda Creek. (See United States Lake Survey Charts Nos. 31 and 312.) Previous project. None. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 8 feet deep varying in width from 50 to 200 feet and about 1,000 feet long extend- ing from the 8-foot depth in Niagara River into the lower end of Lit- tle River. The project depth is referred to low water datum for this section of Niagara River, elevation 563.0 feet above mean tide at New York City, which corresponds to low water datum for Lake Erie at eleva- tion 570.5 feet. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $40,000 (1955), ex- clusive of 55 percent of the total project cost of construction to be contributed by local interests. The estimated local cost is $77,000 (1955) for construction of a public wharf and access road and the re- quired cash contribution. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 246, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the con- dition that local interests agree to-- a. Contribute in cash 55 percent of the cost of constructing the channel. b. Furnish without cost to the United States all land, easements, rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas necessary for con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1445 struction and for subsequent maintenance when and as required. c. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to con- struction and maintenance of the improvement. d. Provide necessary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing open to all on equal terms. e. Establish a public body to regulate the use, growth, and de- velopment of the improvement facilities. f. Prevent the discharge of any sewage into Cayuga Creek detri- mental to the use and development of the harbor. Assurances were furnished by the City of Niagara Falls on De- cember 28, 1954, and were approved by the District Engineer, Buf- falo District, on January 11, 1955. Required cash contribution by local interests has been received. Terminal facilities. No waterborne commerce other than recrea- tional boating facilities. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Precon- struction planning was completed and deepening of the lower river entrance channel to project depth of 8 feet was initiated by contract, and was 3 percent completed. Total costs for the year were $1,491. In addition, $1,822 were expended during the year from contributed funds. Condition at the end of fiscal year. The existing project is 6 per- cent completed. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of the deepening of the lower entrance channel. The total costs of the existing project were $1,491 for new work. In addition, $1,822 were expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ............................................... $37,100 $37,100 Cost.........---------------- ---------------------------------------- 1,491 1,491 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---- --- $17, 642 Unobligated balance available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------- 17,642 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------------------------- (1) 1 Project will be completed with funds on hand. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- --- ...- -.- -...... ............ $29,150 $29,150 -- . . ....... Cost..-. - ...........-- --- ..-- . --- ............ 1,822 1,822 1446 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 14. NIAGARA RIVER, N. Y. Location. This improvement covers that portion of the Niagara River from Tonawanda Harbor, N. Y., to Nigara Falls, N. Y., a distance of 71/2 miles, and compensating works near the head of the river. The downstream limit of the improvement is about 16 miles from the mouth of the river at Lake Ontario. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 312.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 13, 1892, August 18, 1894, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1970 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1619 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the east channel from the downstream end of the existing 21-foot channel opposite Sixth Avenue, North Tonawanda, to the upstream end of the 12.7-foot channel near the Niagara Falls waterworks intake crib; and for a channel 12.7 feet deep and from 300 to 400 feet wide from the Navy Island channel (natural) to the foot of Hyde Park Boulevard (formerly called Sugar Street), Niag- ara Falls, N. Y. The project also provides for the construction of compensating works just above the contracted section of the river at Fort Erie, this work forming a part of the project for deeper channels in the connect- ing waters of the Great Lakes. The project depths are referred to the river surface when Lake Erie is at low water datum, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctuations of water level are from 3 feet above to low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes are from 51/2 feet above to 11/ feet below that plane. The estimate of cost for new work is $463,000 (1954) exclusive of $27,563 contributed by local interests and amounts expended on pre- vious projects. The construction of the compensating works portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $2,887,000. The estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $12,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 Dredging channel from the Navy Island natural H. Doc. 549, 62d Cong., 2d sess. channel to the Niagara Falls waterworks channel, and deepening the last-named channel to the foot of Hyde Park Blvd. all to depth of 12.7 feet. July 3, 1930 Deepening channel from North Tonawanda to the H. Doc. 289, 71st Cong., 2d sess.1 Niagara Falls waterworks intake crib, to 12 feet. Do- -- Construction of compensating works_.-------------_ _ H. Doc. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess.1 2 1 Contain latest published maps. 2 The construction of the compensating works is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is one terminal, which is occupied by a builder's supply company, whose facilities are open to shippers of RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1447 commodities for which the facilities are suited. These facilities are considered adequate for the small amount of existing commerce. Two yacht club docks and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. Operation and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $5,364. Revisory survey costs amounted to $1,796. The total cost for maintenance was $7,160. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the inactive portion. The east channel from North Tona- wanda to the Niagara Falls waterworks intake and Schlossers Channel from Niagara Falls waterworks intake to the foot of Hyde Park Boulevard, were completed in 1934. The work remaining to be done is the construction of the compensating works just above the contracted section of the river at Fort Erie. The controlling depth in the channels is 11.6 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $564,996, of which $463,387, including $94,512 public works funds, was for new work and $101,609 for maintenance. In addition, $27,563 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------- ------- -- -- ----------------------------------- s 1 $531,894 Cost ----- ------------------------------- ------------------------ ----- 12531,894 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- --------- $6,000 $9,042 $8,300 $6,350 101,765 Cost.------------------------ 5,841 8,593 7,942 7,160 101,609 1 Includes $68,507 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $27,563 for new work were expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------- (3) 3 $2,887,000 are required for construction of the compensating works which is considered to be inactive. 15. NIAGARA REMEDIAL WORKS, N. Y. Location. The improvement is located in the Niagara River adja- cent to the cities of Niagara Falls, N. Y., and Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. (See U. S. Lake Survey Charts Nos. 312 and 31.) Previous project. Authorized by Senate executive resolution dated November 27, 1941, ratifying Executive G, 77th Congress. For further details, see pages 2189 and 2190 of the Annual Report for 1949. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the fol- lowing: (1) Chippawa-Grass Island Pool control structure extending 1,550 feet from the Canadian shore out into the Niagara River parallel to the existing submerged weir and about 300 feet downstream there- from. With the exception of an approach fill adjacent to the Canad- ian shore, the structure will consist entirely of piers and 13 movable control gates; (2) excavation in the Horseshoe Cascades lying ia- 1448 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 mediately upstream from the Canadian flank of the Horseshoe Falls and a crest fill on that flank about 100 feet long; (3) excavation in the Horseshoe Cascades lying immediately upstream from the Goat Island flank of the Horseshoe Falls and a crest fill on that flank about 300 feet long. Construction of the Chippawa-Grass Island Pool con- trol structure and excavation in the Horseshoe Cascades on the Canadian flank will be accomplished by the Government of Canada. Excavation in the Horseshoe Cascades on the Goat Island flank will be accomplished by the Government of the United States. The estimate of cost for new work is $12,800,000 (1956) ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. In accordance with article II of 1950 treaty, costs will be divided equally between the Governments of United States and Canada. The annual cost for operation and maintenance is estimated to be $100,000 (1952). The existing project was authorized by a treaty concerning the uses of the waters of the Niagara River between the United States and Canada as signed at Washington, D. C., on February 27, 1950, ap- proved by the Canadian Parliament on June 14, 1950, consented to by the U. S. Senate on August 9, 1950, and put into force by an exchange of ratifications at Ottawa on October 10, 1950. By letter dated July 14, 1953 from the Secretary of State to the Secretary of the Army, the Department of the Army was designated as the agency of the United States to perform its obligations with re- spect to planning, supervision and construction of the remedial works, to obtain the appropriation of funds necessary to carry on the work connected with the whole project, and to disburse such funds in connection with the performance of the work. By letter dated July 28, 1953, the Secretary of the Army accepted the arrangements and designated the Chief of Engineers to supervise the necessary planning and construction. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. (1) Canadian opera- tions: Construction of the control structure was continued during the year by the Ontario Hydro-Electric Power Commission; and excava- tion and crestfill on the Canadian flank of the Horseshoe Falls were completed during November 1955. Vouchers from Canada in the amount of $1.850,235 were received during the year for reimburse- ment by the United States. (2) United States operations: Engineer- ing studies in connection with the project, and the review of plans and specifications for work being performed by Canada, were con- tinued. Preconstruction planning for construction of a gage house below the Falls on the United States mainland was completed. Con- struction by contract for excavation and crestfill on the United States flank of Horseshoe Falls was completed during October 1955. Reim- bursements from Canada in the amount of $147,620 were received dur'ng the year by the United States. Total costs for the year to the United States were $1,992,488, all new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Excavation and crestfill on both the United States and Canadian flanks of the Horseshoe Falls are complete, Construction of a gage house above the Falls on the RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1449 United States mainland is complete. The work remaining to be done by Canada consists of completion of construction of the control structure and operating building. The work remaining to be done by United States is the construction of a gage house below the Falls. Total costs of the existing project to the United States were $5,113,561, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--................................ $1,500,000 $2,000,000 $2,400,000 1$6,263,864 Cost ..... _..ce............. . 913,800 2,207,273 1,992,488 15,477,425 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ -----------............------------............---------------- ------------ 12,337 Cost------------------------------------------------------------------- 12,337 1 Includes $363,864 for the cost of submerged weir, Niagara River, N. Y. s Costs incurred for maintenance of submerged weir, Niagara River, N. Y. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------ $786, 440 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------_______________________ 1,286,440 16. ROCHESTER (CHARLOTTE) HARBOR, N. Y. Location. On the south shore of Lake Ontario, at the mouth of the Genesee River, 59 miles westerly from Oswego, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Charts Nos. 2 and 238.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1829, August 2, 1882, and by authority of the Chief of Engineers on July 18, 1896, and March 2, 1897. For further details, see page 1971 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1623 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel from deep water in the lake to New York Central Railroad bridge near the mouth of the river on an alinement centrally located with respect to the entrance piers, and with a width of 300 feet lakeward of the pier- heads and 200 feet shoreward of the pierheads, and a depth of 20 feet, and for a turning basin of the same depth, 600 feet in width, opposite the municipal terminal; thence for maintenance of a channel 20 feet deep and approximately 150 feet wide to a point 200 feet upstream from the Genesee docks, without dredging closer than 50 feet to existing bulkheads; and for parallel piers of the timber- crib type with concrete superstructure, about 450 feet apart, from the lake to the pool at the mouth of the Genesee River, the west pier to be 3,036 feet long and the east pier 2,699 feet long. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Ontario, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctua- tions of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 feet below water datum, and fluctuations due to winds are small. 1450 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The cost of new work for the completed project was $78,614, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1829 Construction of piers 1- __ __- _ Annual -___ Report, 1874, p. 247. Aug. 2, 1882 Extension of piers to 15-foot contour in the lake 1- . Annual Report, 1881, p. 2437. Concrete superstructure on piers 1----- I Annual Report, 1905, p. 2393. June 25, 1910 ____H. Doc. 342, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Deepening channel to 20 feet-.------------------ Aug. 30, 19352 Dredging of the entrance channel and turning basin, H. Doc. 484, 72d Cong., 2d sess.a and the elimination of the inner ends of the east and west piers, all to present project dimensions. Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of the existing channel upstream of the H. Doc. 139, 76th Cong., 1st sess. New York Central RR.bridge. I2 Completed under previous projects. Authorized May 28, 1935, by Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is 1 coal terminal, 1 inactive car-ferry terminal, and 1 municipal passenger and miscellaneous freight termi- nal, all open to the public. Two yacht club docks, and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks, are for recreational and other small craft. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor, at a cost of $6,904. Revisory survey costs amounted to $2,522. The U. S. hopper dredge Lyman removed 473,404 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over the entire area of the entrance channel and turning basin and approximately 2 miles of the Genesee River channel for restoration of project depths, at a cost of $107,687. Snagging and clearing in project channels were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $3,924. The total cost for maintenance was $121,037. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1935 at a cost of $78,614. A length of 1,265 linear feet of the west pier has been reinforced and prepared with steel sheet piling and con- crete. An additional 1,080 feet of the west pier and the lakeward 700 feet of the east pier crib and- superstructure are failing, the crib filling stone has escaped and the concrete is badly cracked. A length of 550 linear feet of the east pier was reinforced and repaired with steel sheet piling and concrete during 1954 and 1955. The present channel was completed in 1935. The channel is unstable and requires annual dredging to maintain project depth. The controlling depth in the river channel and the turning basin is 19 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $1,931,319, of which $78,614 was for new work and $1,852,705 for maintenance. These costs include emergency relief funds in the amount of $57,284 of which $56,806 was for new work and $478 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1451 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- ------------------ ------------ ----------- ----------- $326,408 Cost --------------------------------- ---------------------------------- 326,408 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $54,500 $144,000 $267,378 $53,500 $118,190 2,470,347 Cost------------ -61,506 72,656 204,523 187,522 121,037 2,470,234 1 Includes $247,794 for new work and $617,529 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $478 of emergency relief authority administrative costs transferred from new work to main- tenance upon conversion to Programming and Budgeting System July 1, 1953, by direction of Office, Chief of Engineers. 17. GREAT SODUS BAY HARBOR, N. Y. Location. On Sodus Bay, which is a nearly landlocked indentation of the south shore of Lake Ontario, 29 miles westerly from Oswego, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 234.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1829, and June 23, 1866. For further details, see page 1972 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1626 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel parallel to the entrance piers, extending from deep water in the lake to deep water in the bay, 22 feet deep and 300 feet wide to just lakeward of - the pierheads, thence narrowing to 200-foot width with 20-foot depth between the piers, widening to 300-foot width with 20-foot depth to deep water in Great Sodus Bay; for parallel piers, 450 feet apart, of timber-cribs with concrete superstructure, the west pier 1,580 feet long and the east pier 1,294 feet long; for an east breakwater, 1,653 feet long, of timber-cribs with concrete superstructure, extending from the inner end of the east pier to Charles Point; and for a west breakwater, 2,200 feet long, of stone-filled timber-cribs, extending from the inner end of the west pier to Sodus Point, not maintained. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake On- tario, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctuations of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and fluctuations due to wind are small. The cost of new work for the completed project was $249,187, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1829 Construction of piers and breakwater 1~----,_ _ Annual Report, 1876, pt. II, p. 589. Aug. 2, 1882 Extension of piers to 15-foot contour in the lake- ..-. Annual Report, 1881, p. 2442. 2 Mar. 3, 1925 Deepening and widening of channel to 18-foot depth H. Doc. 192, 68th Cong., 1st sess. and 150-foot width. July 3, 1930 Widening channel lakeward of the piers to 250 feet... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 17, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging channel to present project dimensions-__... Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 Doc. 23, 72d Cong., 1st sess. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2Contains latest published maps. 1452 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is 1 coal terminal which is open to shippers of coal, 1 fish dock which is private, and 1 passenger-tour boat dock. A yacht club dock and several other privately-owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. These terminals are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The U. S. hopper dredge Lyman removed 23,610 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material for restoration of project depths of 20 and 22 feet, at a cost of $23,843. Government plant and hired labor performed miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys at the project at a cost of $2,458. Revisory survey costs amounted to $1,159. The total cost for maintenance was $27,460. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1940 at a cost of $249,187. The piers are generally in poor condi- tion. In a 450-foot section of the east pier and a 500-foot section of the west pier, the concrete superstructure is badly disintegrated and cracked. The controlling depths are 22 feet in the entrance channel, and 20 feet in the channel between the piers. The total costs of the existing project were $1,016,623, of which $249,187 was for new work, and $767,436 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ............ Appropriated-------.......------------------------------------.. ........ ---- ------------ $610,959 Cost ------------------- ------------------------ ----------- ------------ 1610,959 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ -- $2,500 $13,300 $17,020 $28,000 $28,010 768,047 Cost----------------- 2,205 12,245 17,058 29,079 27,460 767,436 1Includes $361,772 for new work for previous projects. 18. OSWEGO HARBOR, N. Y. Location. On the south shore of Lake Ontario, at the mouth of the Oswego River, 59 miles easterly from Rochester, N. Y. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 225.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1827, March 2, 1831, June 23, 1866, July 25, 1868, July 11, 1870, March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, the Sundry Civil Act of March 3, 1893, and River and Harbor Acts of August 18, 1894, June 3, 1896, March 2, 1907, and March 2, 1919. For further details, see page 1973 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1630 of Annual Re- port for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor, about 280 acres in area, formed by a system of breakwater comprising an outer west breakwater 4,478 feet long connected with the shore, consisting of 4,359 feet of stone-filled timber-cribs with concrete superstructure and 119 feet of rubble- mound construction; a west arrowhead rubble-mound breakwater 2,700 feet long; an east arrowhead rubble-mound breakwater about RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1453 1,180 feet long; and an outer east rubble-mound breakwater about 4,900 feet long, connected with the shore. b. A depth of 21 feet in soft material and 22 feet in hard material in the west outer harbor west of the east side of the Lackawanna coal dock; a depth of 21 feet in the outer harbor between the arrowhead breakwaters, in the west outer harbor east of the Lackawanna coal dock, and between the harbor lines in the Oswego River north of the north line of Seneca Street; no dredging to be done within 100 feet of the breakwaters nor within 50 feet of the established harbor lines, except in the river. c. A channel 250 feet wide in the east outer harbor, and an irregu- lar shaped basin at the easterly end, with depths of 18 feet in soft material and 19 feet in hard material. d. Maintenance of 145 feet of the west inner breakwater. e. A detached breakwater 850 feet long at the harbor entrance and the removal of shoals to a depth of 25 feet below low water datum in the approach to the entrance. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake On- tario, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctuations of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and fluctuations due to wind are small. The estimate of cost for new work is $21,505,000 (1956). The esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $47,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 Construction of outer west breakwater 1---- ---_..... Annual Report, 1870, pp. 54, 220, and 221. Mar. 2, 1907 Repair of outer west breakwater under plan (A) 1.... H. Doc. 55, 58th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 Construction of arrowhead breakwaters; deepening Rivers and Harbors Committee outer harbor between the arrowhead breakwaters, Doc. 24, 71st Cong., 2d sess. the west outer harbor east of Delaware, Lacka- wanna & Western coal dock, and Oswego River north of Seneca St., to 21 feet; and deepening west outer harbor, west of Delaware, Lackawanna & Western coal dock, to 16 feet. Aug. 30, 1935 Widening of channel to harbor lines in Oswego River Rivers and Harbors Committee north of Seneca St. Doc. 7, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Oct. 17, 1940 Closing the gap in the west breakwater; deepening H. Doc. 96, 76th Cong., 1st sess. the west outer harbor, west of the east line of the Lackawanna coal dock, to project depth. June 30, 1948 Construction of east outer breakwater; removal of H. Doc. 722, 80th Cong., 2d sess. inner end of east arrowhead breakwater; and dredging channel and basin in east outer harbor. Sept. 3, 1954 Construction of detached breakwater at the harbor H. Doc. 487, 81st Cong., 2d sess.' entrance and the removal of shoals in the approach to the harbor entrance to a depth of 25 feet. 1Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of June 30, 1948, provides for construc- tion of the east outer harbor, provided local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the project and subsequent maintenance, as and when required; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction and subse- quent maintenance of the project; construct a wharf about 1,300 1454 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY/1956 feet long, including the necessary extension of the water intake line, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, and construct handling and storage facilities of such design and capacity as to insure expeditions handling and adequate storage for the wood pulp required by paper mills in the vicinity, and for prospective commerce in soybeans; dredge and maintain the area between the project limit and wharf face to project depth; and agree to receive, handle and store, at reasonable and equal terms to all, the wood pulp requirements of paper mills in the vicinity. Assurances of local cooperation were furnished and submitted for approval. The assurances were returned without action because they were not in strict accordance with the requirements. Negotiations are in progress to obtain the revised assurances. The September 3, 1954, act authorized construction of the detached breakwater and the removal of shoals in the approach to the harbor entrance subject to the provision that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. These assurances were submitted on January 17, 1956, and were approved by the District Engineer, Buffalo District, on January 23, 1956. All prior con- ditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities. One coal terminal and 2 State-owned termi- nals for grain and barge canal traffic are open to the public. Two terminals for coal, 1 for cement, 1 for woodpulp, and 1 for fish are private. One dock owned by the State naval militia and 1 by the city of Oswego are used by recreational craft. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Precon- struction planning for construction of the detached breakwater was initiated at a cost of $17,359. Maintenance: Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $6,361. Revisory survey costs amounted to $2,159. The U. S. hopper dredge Lyman removed 36,830 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoaled material over an area of 150,000 square yards of the outer harbor for the restoration of project depths of 21 and 22 feet, at a cost of $17,419. The U. S. derrick boat Niagararepaired 96 linear feet of the west breakwater, at a cost of $32,856. The total cost was $76,155 of which $17,359 was for new work and $58,796 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 20 percent complete. The west outer breakwater was completed in 1882, and was originally 6,032 feet long with a 119-foot gap near the west- erly end, but was reduced to 4,359 feet in 1931, and the gap was closed in 1942. The west arrowhead breakwater was completed in 1931, and the east arrowhead breakwater in 1932. The old lighthouse pier, a part of the west inner breakwater, and the upper and lower islands in Oswego River, were removed in 1931. A depth of 21 feet was obtained in Oswego River to within 50 feet of the harbor line and in the outer harbor east of the Lackawanna coal dock, except a strip about 200 feet wide along the harbor line east of the mouth of the river, in 1932. The channel in Oswego River was widened to the harbor lines in 1937. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1455 A channel, 16 feet deep and 100 feet wide, with a turning basin at its westerly end, was dredged in 1932 in the outer harbor west of the Lackawanna coal dock. The channel was widened to 250 feet and deepened to 21 feet below low water datum in 1948. The breakwaters are generally in fair condition except that the riprap protection along the lake side of the old west breakwater for a length of approximately 1,000 feet has settled, and a 400-foot portion of the concrete section has disintegrated and broken; slope stone in portions of the west arrowhead breakwater has disintegrated and settled and the core stone in a 1,500-foot section of the west breakwater has settled in many places. A depth of 21 feet at low water datum is available in the Oswego River to the north line of Seneca Street, and in the outer harbor east of the Lackawanna coal dock, except in a 200-foot wide strip along the harbor line east of the mouth of the Oswego River which has a con- trolling depth of 18 feet. The 250-foot channel in the outer harbor west of the Lackawanna coal dock and the turning basin have a controlling depth of 21 feet at low water datum. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is the deep- ening of the 200-foot strip along the harbor line east of the Oswego River, deepening the remainder of the outer harbor west of the Lacka- wanna coal dock, construction of the east outer harbor, construction of the detached breakwater, and removal of shoals in the approach to the harbor entrance. The total costs of the existing project were $5,184,043, of which $4,277,714 was for new work and $906,329 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated $26,500 ------------------------------------------------ $5,474,832 Cost------------- --------- -------------------------------- 17,359 5,465,691 Maintenance: Appropriated- ....... $6,000 $57,000 $62, 836 $26, 600 60,520 1,853,581 Cost----------------- 5,519 56,619 63,216 27,827 58,796 1,852,013 1Includes $1,187,977 for new work and $945,684 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, ------ $9, 141 -------- 1957 197-------------------------------------- 50 000 500, 0 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 09, 141 5------------------------ Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_------------------------- 16,718, 145 19. OGDENSBURG HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This harbor is located on the south bank of the St. Law- rence River, 62 miles by water from Lake Ontario. (See United States Lake Survey Chart No. 13.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1867, August 2, 1882, and September 19, 1890, by authority of the Chief of Enginners dated February 27, 1897; and by River and Har- 1456 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 bor Act of March 3, 1899. For further details of previous projects, see page 1975 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1635 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an upper entrance channel 400 feet wide, a city waterfront channel 350 feet wide, and for a lower entrance channel 250 feet wide, all suitably widened at entrances to, and at angles in channels and all 19 feet deep; and for a lower basin 2,400 to 3,500 feet wide and 21 feet deep, extending from deep water in the river to within 50 feet of the existing dock lines. The project depths are referred to the river surface when Lake Ontario is a low water datum, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary seasonal fluctuations of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum. Other fluctua- tions due to wind and other causes are small. The estimate of cost for new work is $375,000 (1954), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The removal of remain- ing hard-material shoals from the lower basin portion of the project is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $183,000. The estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $15,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Deepening the several channels to 19 feet--.... ..-- H. Doc. 920, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1919 Widening upper entrance channel to 400 feet, and H. Doc. 663, 64th Cong., 1st sess. city front to 350 feet. Aug. 30, 19351 Enlarging and deepening lower basin to 21 feet, and 2 H. Doc. 266, 72d Cong., 1st sess. 3 removal of old elevator wharf. 1 Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. 8 Removal of remaining hard-material shoals in lower basin is considered to be inactive. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Two terminals for coal, 6 for petroleum prod- ucts, 1 for pulpwood, 1 grain elevator, 1 builders supply dock, and 1 for sand, are private. There is a car-ferry terminal, and a terminal for a passenger and automobile ferry. The city of Ogdensburg owns a terminal which is used by large passenger vessels, and is open to the public. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operation and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous inspection services and condition surveys were accomplished by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $1,450. Revisory survey costs amounted to $1,079. The total cost for maintenance was $2,529. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete except for the inactive portion. The channels were deepened to 19 feet in 1913. The upper entrance channel was widened to 400 feet in 1920 and to 700 feet in 1935. Removal of the elevator wharf and deepening of the lower basin were completed in 1935, except for the removal of hard-material shoals, which remains to be done to cornm- RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1457 plete the project. There is a controlling depth of 17 feet in the chan- nels, and a depth of 20 feet in the lower basin, at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $804,199, of which $375,986, including $174,549 public works funds, were for new work and $429,113 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: $646,466 Appropriated...................----------------...--------------------------------------------. Cost ------------------------------------------------------- ------------ 646,466 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ -$1,000 $1,500 $6,015 $2,000 $2,010 559,917 Cost----------------- 4,163 816 5,023 3,166 2,529 559,625 1 Includes $271,380 for new work and $130,512 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Exclusive of $183,000 required for removal of remaining hard-material shoals from the lower basin portion of the project which is inactive. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _- (2) 20. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey conducted New York: Little Sodus Bay Harbor--------------------------- $992.27 March 1956. Morristown Harbor ------------------------------- 95.77 March 1956. Olcott Harbor...............----------------------..... -------------- 516.48 March 1956. Wilson Harbor...----------------------------------- 393.31 March 1956. Ohio: Rocky River Harbor.----------------------------- 145.89 March 1956. Vermilion Harbor---------------..--.--.-- ------ 456.60 March 1956. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ---------------------------------------------- $3,000 $3,000 Cost---------------------...... ----------------------------------- 2,600 2,600 1458 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 21. OTHER AUT'HORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Big (Cunningham) Creek, Ohio 1 __---- (2) a $19,7632) 2. Black River Harbor, N. Y.4---- ___----_ (2) 342,401 3. Cape Vincent Harbor, N. Y. --------------- _ 1951 275,082 $36,254 $159,200 4. Cattaraugus Creek, N. Y.------------------ (2) 57,410 5. Grand View Bay, N. Y.6- -------------- 1948 1,524 -------------- 7424, 600 6. Grasse River (Massena), N. Y 4s_ ..... 1891 39,000 7. Little Sodus Bay Harbor, N. Y_____ ...... _ 1953 69,066 535,071 (g) 8. Morristown Harbor, N. Y ___-_______ 1949 6,221 9,106 (9) 9. Oak Orchard Harbor, N. Y.---------------- 1947 214,110 -------------- 1 624,500 10. Olcott Harbor, N. Y_ -------------------- 1953 140,210 283,699 (9) 11. Port Bay, N. Y...........-------------------------------------- 11737,000 12. Port Ontario Harbor, N. Y.5 .... 1949 56,904 _---_---------- 12961,100 13. Pultneyville Harbor, N. Y.3 _ __ 1934 68,219 20,087 14. Rocky River Harbor, Ohio ----------------- 1953 83,971 59,364 (9) 15. Sackets Harbor, N. Y.14- - _ -- 1948 25,010 -------- 379,000 16. Sandusky River, Ohio 4--------- 1894 *58,000 17. Vermilion Harbor, Ohio-------------------1949 133,278 60,581 (9) 18. Waddington Harbor, N. Y . _ 1932 335,500 - .--------- 120,000 19. Wilson Harbor, N. Y .... _______._____ .... 1953 387,319 44,256 (9) 1 No commerce reported. 2 Only information available is in index to the reports of the Chief of Engineers. 3 Amount includes maintenance; not separable. 4 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 5 To be restudied. Estimate revised July 1954. 6 Abandonment recommended in Ex. Doc. 16, 35th Cong., 1st sess. 7 Local interests required to contribute $79,300 additional. 8 Channel improved by local interests. 9 Completed. 10oLocal interests required to contribute $170,700 additional. 11Local interests required to contribute $200,000 additional. 12 Local interests required to contribute $211,300 additional. 13Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 375, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 14 Inactive. Completion not warranted by present navigation traffic. Estimate revised July 1954. 15Local interests required to contribute $28,000 additional. Project is inactive as uncompleted portion is not required by local interests. Existing conditions will be altered by the St. Lawrence Seaway project. Estimate revised July 1954. 22. BATAVIA AND VICINITY, TONAWANDA CREEK, N. Y. Location. Tonawanda Creek passes through the city of Batavia, N. Y., and joins Niagara River about 68 miles downstream of the city. The city of Batavia, N. Y., is located in Genesee County. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Attica, Medina, Albion, and Batavia, N. Y.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the flood protection of the city of Batavia and vicinity by improvements to the channel of Tonawanda Creek consisting of: widening the creek chan- nel from a point approximately three-quarters of a mile westerly of the west city line of Batavia to the municipal dam in Batavia; bank protection between Oak and Walnut Streets; and minor channel clearing above the municipal dam to the Lehigh Valley Railroad bridge. Removal of the bridge pier of the abandoned Attica Branch of the New York Central Railroad is to be done by local interests at no cost to the United States. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $344,000 (1955). The estimated local cost for lands and damages is $238,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 30, 1948 (S.Doc. 46, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. FLOOD CONTROL--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1459 Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Construc- tion of the flood-protection works from a point about three-quarters of mile westerly of the west city line of Batavia to the municipal dam was completed, by contract, during September 1955, except for con- struction of headwalls, gutters and riprap. Construction of the re- maining features was initiated during June 1956 and was essentially completed except for minor cleanup work. Total costs for the year were $127,217. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 99 percent completed. Construction of all features of the flood-protection project works, except for headwalls, gutters and riprap, were com- pleted during September 1955. The work remaining to be done to complete the existing project consists of minor cleanup in connection with completed construction of headwalls, gutters and placement of riprap. The total cost of the existing project was $334,595. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------- ----------- $26,000 $20,000 $297,800 $20,000 $363,800 Cost _---. . --. --. ........ 26,000 19,431 161,947 127,217 334,595 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------_ $8, 692 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---------------------------------------- 8, 692 23. WELLSVILLE, GENESEE RIVER, N. Y. Location. The village of Wellsville, N. Y., is located in Allegany County, and is situated at the junction of Dyke Creek with Genesee River. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Wellsville, N. Y.) Existing project. Provides for: a. Improvement of Genesee River to provide a channel with a bot- tom width of 100 feet from a point 2,700 feet downstream from the Bolivar Road Bridge to Dyke Creek and 75 feet from Dyke Creek to the water supply dam near the southern boundary of the village, b. Improvement of Dyke Creek to provide a channel with a bottom width of 50 feet from the mouth of the creek to a point 4,500 feet upstream, c. Excavation of the banks and protection of these banks against erosion, and d. Underpinning of the South Main Street highway bridge over Dyke Creek, and the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad bridge over Genesee River, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $1,030,000 (1956), exclusive of $50,000 to be contributed by local interests. The esti- mated local cost for lands, damages and necessary alterations to utility crossings and bridges is $148,000 (1955). 1460 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 232, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to con- tribute $50,000 toward the construction cost, and make any necessary alterations to utility crossings and bridges. The Village of Wellsville has contributed the required $50,000 cash toward the construction costs. The State of New York furnished assurances for the remain- ing required local cooperation which were approved by the District Engineer, Buffalo District, on October 17, 1955. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Precon- struction planning for the flood-protection project works was com- pleted, by hired labor. A continuing contract for construction of the project was awarded during June 1956. Total cost for the year was $38,935. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been started. The work remaining to be done consists of construction of the project by continuing contract. The total cost of the existing project was $88,864. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- ----------- $38,000 Cost--------------------------23,291 ------------ $26,000 $350,000 $414,000 $11,354 15,284 38.935 88,864 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------- $5, 135 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 450, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------------------------- 455,135 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------- -- 166, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ----------- Appropriated........ ----------------------------------- $50,000 $50,000 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $50, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------- - ------ -------------------- 50, 000 24. MOUNT MORRIS RESERVOIR, GENESEE RIVER, N. Y. Location. The dam site is on the Genesee River 66.9 miles above the mouth of the river and approximately 32 miles southwesterly of Rochester, N. Y. The reservoir area is in Livingston and Wyoming FLOOD CONTROL-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1461 Counties, N. Y. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Nunda and Portage, N. Y.) Existing project. This provides for a reservoir at Mount Morris for flood control and other purposes. Present plans provide for the construction of a concrete gravity dam rising about 210 feet above the riverbed with an uncontrolled overflow spillway and gate-controlled outlet sluices through the overflow section of the dam, and a reservoir with a storage capacity of 337,000 acre-feet at spillway crest. Pro- visions for the future development of power at the site will consist of two penstocks through the dam near the left abutment. The reservoir will be operated for the protection of the city of Rochester, the Genesee River flats from Rochester to Mount Morris, and the lower Canaseraga Valley. The estimated Federal cost is $23,397,000 (1954) for construction, including $379,300 for the acquisition of lands in the reservoir area and exclusive of $5,000 contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance and operation is $60,000 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 615, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Reservoir regulation studies were completed during the year at a cost of $2,505. Outstanding land owner's claim for damages was adjudicated at a cost of $38,437. Operation and maintenance: Operation and ordinary maintenance of the dam, reservoir, and service facilities, and condition and opera- tion studies, were accomplished at a cost of $43,143. The (log) trash boom was repaired at a cost of $10,145. The total cost was $94,230 of which $40,942 was for new work and $53,288 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete. Construction of the concrete gravity-type dam was initiated by con- tract on March 26, 1948, and completed on May 16, 1952. Clearing of the reservoir area and construction of all appurtenances have been completed. The total cost of existing project was $23,541,906, of which $23.365,559 was for new work and $176,347 for maintenance. In addition, $5,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $5,000,000 -$539,500 -$28,000 -$42,000 $38,459 1 $23,365,559 Cost.. ...-........ . 1,771,734 261,722 32,927 7,355 40,942 123,365,559 Maintenance: Appropriated.......- ............ 25,000 53,000 47,100 51,500 176,600 Cost - ............ --------........ 25,000 43,287 54,773 53,288 176,347 1 In addition, $5,000 were expended for new work from contributed funds. 1462 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 25. DANSVILLE AND VICINITY, GENESEE RIVER, N. Y. Location. The village of Dansville, N. Y., is located on Mill Creek, a tributary of Canaseraga Creek, which is a tributary of Genesee River. Mill Creek flows through the southwest corner of Dansville and joins Canaseraga Creek about one-half mile downstream of Dansville. Canaseraga Creek flows generally northwesterly from its junction with Mill Creek, for about 19.3 miles to its confluence with Genesee River. The village of Cummingsville is located on Canaseraga Creek about 11/2 miles downstream of the confluence of Mill and Canaseraga Creeks. The villages of Dansville and Cum- mingsville are located in Livingston County. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Wayland, N. Y.) Existing project. Improvement of Canaseraga Creek at Cum- mingsville and at the sewage-disposal plant, both in the vicinity of Dansville, N. Y., by channel work, levee or dike enlargement and construction, and bank-protection works. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $252,000 (1955), exclusive of 70 percent of the cost of the construction of erosion pro- tection at the sewage disposal plant to be contributed by local in- terests. The estimated local cost is $65,000 (1955) for lands, reloca- tions and the required cash contribution. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 206, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to con- tribute 70 percent of the cost of construction of erosion protection for the Dansville municipal sewage-disposal plant, and hold and save the United States free from any future claims that the Federal Gov- ernment should participate in providing additional protection for the sewage-disposal plant or in its operation or maintenance. Assurances have not been received to date. Operations and results during the fiscal year. New work: Pre- construction planning for the flood-protection work was continued, by hired labor, at a total cost for the year of $552. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preconstruction planning indi- cated that the project was not economically justified at this time and the authorized project has been placed in an inactive status. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of preconstruction planning and construction of the flood-protection work. The total cost of the existing project was $12,800. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated---....-------.........------------.. ............$11,800 $1,000 $55 $12,800 Cost- 11,199 1,049 $552 12,800 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______ _ -- (1) 1Project is considered as not economically justified and is inactive. FLOOD CONTROL--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1463 26. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Caledonia, Genesee River, N. Y.1 ........--------------- -------------- $46,000 2. Chittenango Creek and tributaries, N. Y.1_... 1948 $12,464 -------------- 8633,600 3. 4. Hammondsport, Oswego River Basin, N. Y.. Ithaca, Oswego River Basin, N. Y.: 1951 18,691 . 2811,300 Active-Cascadilla Creek................. 1950 8,159 405,800 2-------------- Deferred-Fall Creek 1__ - - __, -1950 12,300------..-...-. 576,000 5. Lancaster, Cayuga Creek, N. Y_-.-_------- 1954 797,300 ....-...-..-.. (6) 6. Montour Falls, Oswego River Basin, N. Y.. 1954 6 1,681,785 ......-..-..-- (6) 7. Owasco Inlet and Outlet, Montville and Dry Creek, State Ditch and Crane Brook, N. Y 1950 281,559-.-.---...-.-. 33,500 8. Syracuse, Oswego River Basin, N. Y - 1954 3,349,248-.............- (4) 9. Watkins Glen, Oswego River Basin, N. Y_... 1952 38,340-..--..-.... -21,241,700 1 To be restudied. Estimate revised July 1954. 2 Estimate revised July 1956. s Local interests required to contribute $25,000 additional. 4 To be restudied. Estimate revised July 1955. a Completed. 6 Additional costs of $12,542 for settlement of contractor's claim. 7 Inactive. Portion of the work for State Ditch has been done by local interests, and work on Crane Brook has been deferred at the request of local interests pending completion of the State throughway construction. Estimate revised July 1954. 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Inspections of the completed flood-control works in the Buffalo District were made during the year at a cost of $372. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated------------........ $400 $400 $400 $400 $1,950 Cost----------------- $75 663 364 461 372 1,935 28. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act). Outstanding costs in connection with previously completed snag- ging and clearing by hired labor of approximately 6 miles of Keshequa Creek Channel, Nunda, N. Y., were $1,321. Outstanding costs in connection with previously completed snag- ging and clearing by hired labor of approximately 1.5 miles of Skaneateles Creek, Jordan, N. Y., were $863. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ... __....___ $13,792 $118,500 $45,000 -$2,415 $407,700 Cost- ------------------.-..... 5,792 110,200 56,701 2,184 .407,700 1464 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) Preparation of a project report establishing improvements re- quired at Marsh Creek, Geneva, N. Y., was initiated at a total cost of $815. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------------........------------------............--............--------------............--............ $2,000 $2,000 815 Cost.................---------------............----------------------------------------815 Emergency flood-control activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue work. (PL 99, 84th Cong. and antecedent legislation.) Protecting, Clearing and Straightening Channels of Navigable Waters, Projects not requiring specific authorization--clearing and straightening operations by hired labor at Henderson Bay, New York, on Lake Ontario, were completed at a total cost of $3,931. Advance preparation-required revisions to the Buffalo District Flood Emergency Manual were completed and advance preparation for flood emergencies consisting of testing, by means of exercises, the efficiency and adequacy of the district organization and pro- cedures to cope with flood emergencies, were conducted at a total of $1,187. Flood emergency operations--post flood damage reports were com- pleted on Smokes Creek, Lackawanna, N. Y. and Chagrin River, Ohio. Flood fighting and rescue operations on watersheds within the Western New York area were conducted. Inspections of non- Federal flood-control works in the Buffalo District were made. The total costs were $8,595. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 ._,Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ ............ ............ ............ $7,400 $16,608 $24,008 Cost----------------------------------------------6,194 7,913 19,907 29. PRESQUE ISLE PENINSULA, ERIE, PA. Location. Presque Isle Peninsula is located at Erie, Pa., on the south shore of the Lake Erie, 78 miles southwest of Buffalo, N. Y., and 102 miles east-northeast of Cleveland, Ohio. (See United States Lake Survey Charts Nos. 3, 33, and 332.) Existing project. The project authorizes Federal participation in the amount of one-third of the first cost of the protective measures on Presque Isle Peninsula, Erie, Pa., comprising- SHORE PROTECTION-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1465 a. Construction of a groin system, seawall and bulkhead and artificial placement of sand along the neck of the peninsula; b. Placement of beach material for a feeder beach at the water- works reservation; c. Distribution of beach material along remainder of peninsula; and, d. Removal of portions of existing structures. The estimated total project construction cost is $2,721,000 (1956) of which the Federal cost is $907,000 and the non-Federal cost is $1,814,000. The estimated annual cost of maintenance, all to be performed by local interests, is $32,900 (1955). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 231, 83d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Federal participation is subject to the condi- tions that the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania- a. Adopt the plan of improvement recommended in the project document; b. Submit for approval by the Chief of Engineers, detailed plans and specifications for the project and arrangements for prosecuting the work prior to commencement of such work; c. Provide, at its own expense, all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for accomplishment of the work; d. Maintain the protective and improvement measures including the proposed feeder beaches, during the useful life thereof as may be required to serve their intended purposes; e. Hold and save the United States free from all claims for dam- ages that may arise before, during, or after prosecution of the work; f. Not permit water pollution that would endanger the health of bathers; and, g. Maintain continued public ownership of the shore and its ad- ministration for public use only. By letter dated September 27, 1954, the Secretary, Department of Forests and Waters, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, as approved by the Governor, requested the Corps of Engineers to undertake explora- tory work to determine sources of sandfill and prepare detailed plans and specifications for the project, using funds to be advanced by the Commonwealth. On November 1, 1954, the Secretary of the Army granted authority to the Corps of Engineers to accept funds in the amount and for the purpose stated, pursuant to section 3 of Public Law 727, 79th Congress, approved August 13, 1946. By agreement, entered into on July 22, 1955, by and between the United States, represented by the Corps of Engineers, and the De- partment of Forests and Waters, a Commonwealth of Pennsylvania agency, construction of the shore protection works is to be initiated and prosecuted to completion by the United States. The Common- wealth of Pennsylvania agreed to adopt the authorized plans of im- provement, provide its share of the funds for project construction, and in accordance with the requirements of the authorization act, provided assurances for the remaining items of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Precon- struction planning by hired labor was completed. Construction of 1466 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 project works for shore protection is being accomplished in two stages by separate contracts. Stage I, providing for realinement and removal of steel sheet pile bulkhead and placing sandfill, was initiated on September 7, 1955, and is 50 percent completed. Stage II which provides for construction of bulkheads and groins was initiated on January 1, 1956, and is 70 percent completed. The cost for the year was $527,491. In addition, $805,673 were expended during the year from contributed funds for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 62 percent complete. Construction of the shore protection works was under- way. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of place- ment of sandfill and completion of construction of the groins. The total cost of the existing project was $527,491 for new work. In addition, $844,924 were expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated ---------------------------------------------- $600,000 $600,000 Cost---------- - -. ---------- --- . . . .. ..--- . --. 527,491 527,491 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $380, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ ------------------------------------- 380,000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------- $60,000 $784,924 $844,924 Cost------------------------------------ 39,251 805,673 844,924 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---. _ (1) Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------------------ (1) Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project-------____ __________-_ ____- _ (1) 1The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has appropriated to date funds in the amount of $462,600 for completed work in place and $2,500,000 additional for remainder of the project. Of this additional amount, $60,000 was allotted to the Corps of Engineers in fiscal year 1955 and the remainder will be applied to the Commonwealth's share of the project construction costs. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DIST. 1467 30. AUTHORIZED SHORE-PROTECTION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Cleveland and Lakewood, Ohio: Active-Edgewater Park ...----------------------- _ 1 $4,200,000 Deferred-White City Park- - . .......----- ---- --.........----------- 219,000 Selkirk Shores State Park, Lake Ontario, N. Y_- -- 1387,000 Vermilion to Sheffield Lake Village, Ohio 1618,000 1 Federal share is one-third of this amount. Project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. 31. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Navigation studies were continued at a cost for the year of $24,- 507. The unexpended balance of $11,773 at the end of the year plus an additional $28,900, or a total of $40,673 can be profitably ex- pended during fiscal year 1957 for continuing navigation studies on Conneaut Harbor, Ohio and also Lorain Harbor and Sandusky Harbor, Ohio under the Great Lakes Harbors special study. Flood-control studies were continued at a cost for the year of $9,739. The unexpended balance of $4,261 at the end of the year plus an additional $37,000, or a total of $41,261 can be profiitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for continuing flood-control studies including completion of the survey report on Smokes Creek, Lack- awanna, New York and continuation of the survey report on Cayuga Inlet, Ithaca, New York. 32. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The total cost for the year was $2,977 for international water studies in connection with the Massena and Niagara Control Board. 33. ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Constitution and duties. The St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation was created by Public Law 358, 83d Congress, 2d ses- sion, approved on May 13, 1954. The Corporation was authorized to construct, in United States territory, deepwater navigation works substantially in accordance with the "Controlled single stage project, 238-242" (with a controlling depth of 27 feet in channels and canals and locks at least 800 feet long, 80 feet wide, and 30 feet over the sills), designated as "works solely for navigation" in the joint report dated January 3, 1941, of the Canadian Temporary Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Basin Committee and the United States St. Lawrence Advisory Committee, in the International Rapids section of the St. Lawrence River together with necessary dredging in the Thousand Islands section; and to operate and maintain such works in coordination with the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority of Canada. Responsibility of the Corps of Engineers. The St. Lawrence Sea- way Development Corporation by letter to the Secretary of the Army, 1468 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 dated September 17, 1954, designated the Corps of Engineers to represent the Corporation as agent for design and construction of the project. Location. The St. Lawrence River is part of a system which com- prises all of the five Great Lakes with their drainage area and con- necting waterways, and the St. Lawrence River proper from Lake Ontario to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, with its tributaries. Project. The project involves the construction of navigation facilities in the reach of the St. Lawrence River that is between the United States and Canada, and coordination thereof with the power facilities to be constructed concurrently by others. The project has been divided into four sections, namely: Thousand Islands, Point Rockway, Long Sault Canal and Cornwall Island. In the Thousand Islands and Cornwall Island sections only channel dredging is re- quired; in the Point Rockway section a channel and lock structure is to be constructed; and, in the Long Sault Canal section a channel, two lock structures, highway tunnel, combined railroad and highway bridge, highway and railroad relocations and miscellaneous appurte- nant works, will be constructed. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of detailed plans and specifications were continued for the Thousand Islands, Long Sault Canal, and Cornwall Island sections. Portions of precon- struction planning are completed and construction contracts have been awarded. Thousand Islands Section. Contract has been awarded for re- moval of shoals from St. Lawrence River from the vicinity of Clay- ton, N. Y., to approximately 1 mile downstream of Alexandria Bay, a distance of about 12 miles, but construction operations have not been initiated. Long Sault Section. Excavation for the upstream section, and for the mainland portion, of Long Sault Canal were continued by con- tracts. Excavation for the Dwight D. Eisenhower and Grass River lock structures was completed. Construction of the Dwight D. Eisen- hower lock Was initiated by contract on January 23, 1956. Con- struction of the Grass River lock was initiated by contract on April 15, 1956. Relocation of a portion of the East-West highway (Stage I) was completed by contract. Contract has been awarded for relocation of the Ottawa Branch of the New York Central Railroad, construction of a combined railroad-highway bridge over Grass River, and construction of South Grass River Road to Grass River bridge, but no work has been done. CornwallIsland Section. No construction work has been done. PointRockway Section. No work has been done. Total cost for the project for the year was $9,100,827. In addition, $338,673 non-Federal construction costs were incurred. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. The existing project is about 10 percent complete. Preparation of detailed plans and speci- fications for all project features in all sections except Point Rockway was underway. Construction of the major project features including the Dwight D. Eisenhower and Grass River locks are underway. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of construc- tion now underway by numerous contracts; removal of shoals from MISCELLANEOUS ACTIVITIES-BUFFALO, N. Y., DIST. 1469 the remainder of the Thousand Islands section of the St. Lawrence River; construction of minor project features in the Long Sault sec- tion; dredging Long Sault Canal downstream of Grass River lock to the Cornwall Island section, removal of shoals in the North and South channels of the Cornwall Island section of the St. Lawrence River, construction of training dikes in the Cornwall Island section, and construction of administration, operation, and maintenance facilities for the entire project. No work is scheduled for Point Rock- way. The total cost of the project was $11,939,094. In addition $343,943 non-Federal construction costs have been incurred. UNITED STATES LAKE SURVEY This district embraces the United States portion of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River drainage basin, Lake Champlain, the lakes and other naturally navigable waters of the New York canal system, and the Minnesota-Ontario border lakes. In addition, contiguous Canadian areas are included where essential to the integrity of charting and other activities. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Page 1. Survey of Northern and Northwestern lakes--------------------1471 General Investigations 2. Examinations and surveys____________------------------ _ 1478 1. SURVEY OF NORTHERN AND NORTHWESTERN LAKES Location. The region thus covered, in which operations are conducted for the benefit of navigation and other interests, lies within the States of Vermont, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. The Great Lakes portion alone covers 61,000 square miles of United States waters and 4,000 miles of United States coastline. The Lake Champlain portion covers 430 square miles and 560 miles of coastline of that lake. The additional New York State portion stretches 62 miles along the canalized waters of the State from the south end of Lake Champlain along the Hudson River to the head of tidewater at Albany and 333 miles westward from Troy at the confluence of the Hudson and Mohawk Rivers along the Erie Canal to Lyons, along the Oswego Canal to Oswego, and along the Cayuga and Seneca Canal into the Finger Lakes. The Minnesota-Ontario border lakes portion reaches about 300 miles from Lake Superior to and including Lake of the Woods in the Hudson Bay drainage basin. Previous projects. In the region described, previous projects of the Lake Survey have specified provision of complete navigation charts designed to suit the needs of existing use of the waters. These projects, in addition to hydrographic and topographic sur- veys, contemplated the establishment of the requisite horizontal and vertical control where not already in existence, and the measurement and analysis of other factors pertaining to naviga- tion. The most recent comprehensive statement concerning prior projects on the Great Lakes, and formulation of "a general project covering to completion the operations of the Survey" appeared in the Annual Report for 1907, pages 844 to 850. The Sundry Civil Act of March 4, 1911, extended the charting responsibility to include the lakes and other naturally navigable waters of the New York canals. The project extension contem- plated compilation of navigation charts of the added waters from all existing survey data pertaining thereto, supplemented by such additional surveys as might be required. The scope of responsibility was again extended by the Sundry Civil Act of June 23, 1913, to include Lake Champlain, and again by the Sundry Civil Act of August 1, 1914, to include the Minne- sota-Ontario boundary waters from Lake Superior to Lake of the 1471 1472 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Woods. Here, as in the extension to the New York canals, the project extensions contemplated compilation of charts from exist- ing surveys, supplemented by additional surveys as required. Responsibilities of the United States Lake Survey in the Great Lakes portion of the region covered, apart from the charting and navigational aspects, consist of those pertaining to lake levels, hydrology, and hydraulics of the connecting and outflow rivers. The 1907 Annual Report, referred to above in connection with the charting and navigational portions of the project, also dis- cussed prior and existing responsibilities in these respects. A board appointed by the Division Engineer, Great Lakes divi- sion, to study and clarify United States Lake Survey activities in this second category formulated a report which included definite recommendations. The board report was presented to the Chief of Engineers and approved on January 21, 1935, as the basic description of such responsibilities. The report thus is the foun- dation for the continuing activities of the United States Lake Survey relating to lake levels, hydrology, and hydraulics. It is to be noted that these activities do not include the waters separate from the Great Lakes, which were added for charting only. Existing project. That portion of the existing project concerned with charting provides for general maintenance of chart coverage. Various classes of charts are issued, consisting essentially of general charts employing small scales, suitable for the needs of open-lake nav- igation; coastal, river, and sectional charts employing medium scales affording greater detail for closer navigation in the areas covered; harbor and confined locality charts employing large scales showing details pertinent to the restricted navigation involved; and special charts such as those of the Minnesota-Ontario border lakes employing scales suitable to the purposes intended. The number of charts and individual chart scale and coverage are not fixed. Changing require- ments of navigation render existing charts inadequate, alter cover- age and scale requirements, and make new charts desirable. Within the region assigned for charting, the project is flexible in permitting alterations to keep abreast of changing needs. Closely related to charting, but pertinent to lake levels and hydrau- lics as well, is the portion of the project relating to horizontal and vertical control. The original control was established under the early projects in connection with the initial surveys by the United States Lake Survey on the Great Lakes and by other Government agencies in the other areas of the district. The original control has been pre- served wherever possible; where destroyed it has been replaced as needed, and where necessary it has been augmented by additional control for use in connection with later surveys and other Corps of Engineers work. Present efforts are directed toward preservation of both horizontal and vertical control by periodic recovery of monu- ments, replacement when they are found destroyed or damaged, de- termination of correctness of elevations by instrumental means and water transfers, and augmentation where required for United States Lake Survey and North Central Division activities. In the same con- nection, necessary readjustments are made as indicated to correlate United States Lake Survey horizontal control with nationwide U. S. LAKE SURVEY 1473 horizontal control networks of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. The project includes publications of information for the benefit of navigation, additional to that provided by the charts. These consist primarily of the Great Lakes Pilot and the supplements thereto. The Pilot, issued annually, supplies full descriptions of physical conditions of the waters charted and the particulars of constantly changing con- ditions not adapted to adequate or prompt representation on the charts. The supplement, issued monthly during the navigation sea- son, provides corrections and additions to the Pilot text occasioned by constantly changing conditions in the navigational areas. Revisory material for the annual editions of the Pilot and material for the supplement are collected by United States Lake Survey sections oper- ating in the field, the various Corps of Engineers districts having jurisdiction over the waters concerned, and by other United States and Canadian governmental organizations. Other data collected and disseminated to navigation, or included in the project for future collection and dissemination, consist of such features as lake and river bottom characteristics, water temperatures, etc. This phase of activity often requires field determination, analysis of data, and publication of results. Since 1859, lake level gages installed and operated by the United States Lake Survey have provided a continuous record of stages of the Great Lakes and their connecting rivers. These records have in- terest in both the navigational and hydraulic aspects of the work. The present project provides for continued operation of sufficient gages for these purposes and includes reduction of the records ob- tained, tabulation and study of the data, use in other studies such as that of movement of the earth's crust, and publication of the results in various forms. In the field of hydraulics, the present project provides for continu- ing studies of all phases relating to the connecting and outflow rivers to affirm the fundamental laws of flow or to determine the changed relationships resulting from changes in river regimen. In addition to the operation of stage recorders, as discussed above, periodic and special measurements of current velocities and river discharges are involved. The fundamental flow relationships determined and the equations derived enter into such studies as lake level regulation, com- pensations for increases in river capacity caused by channel improve- ment, diversions for sanitary purposes and power, changes in river capacity resulting from marine construction, wrecks, commercial sand and gravel dredging, and problems of like nature. The hydrology of the lakes included in the present project, in addi- tion to factors discussed above, deals with precipitation over the lake basins, runoff, evaporation from the lake surfaces, ice retardations and effects, and similar phenomena. The work involves compilation of data, supplied primarily by other organizations, in form to be used in studies and problems discussed above. The overall responsibility of the United States Lake Survey, in- volving the measurement of lake and river levels, hydraulics, and hydrology, presented as part of the present project in the foregoing 1474 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 paragraphs, is concerned with the preservation of levels of the Great Lakes, and with the establishment and maintenance of datum planes which are used for control of Corps of Engineers river and harbor work and as planes of reference for navigation charts. Operation and results during fiscal year. Deep-sea sounding of the western half of Lake Michigan, which was started during fiscal year 1955, was completed during July and August. Using shoran for positioning the vessel, offshore soundings were accomplished from Port Washington, Wisconsin, to Seul Chiox Point, Michigan. Sweeping operations over three shoal spots in northern Green Bay were conducted before the survey vessel discontinued operations in August because of limited funds. To enable the extension of the 1956 field season, thereby realizing a considerable monetary saving, an additional allotment of funds for offshore sounding was received about mid-May. The Surveyship Williams pro- ceeded to Keweenaw Bay where offshore soundings of the western half of Lake Superior were begun. Inshore soundings were conducted and completed along the greater Chicago waterfront from Wilmette, Illinois, to Gary, Indiana, dur- ing the first three months of fiscal year 1956. During June, pre- liminary field work was accomplished between Port Huron and Lexington, Michigan, in preparation for a proposed inshore hydro- graphic survey. The essential function of collecting all data necessary for the triennial revision of the Great Lakes navigation charts was accom- plished by full scale operation of the revisory survey program. Re- visory surveys are composed of field survey work and office reduc- tion of data to a form suitable for the compilation of revised chart editions. Revisory field work includes hydrographic surveys over all harbor areas outside the limits of Federal dredging projects, com- prising such areas as harbor approaches, mooring slips, and other areas subject to change. It also includes investigating areas where chart inaccuracies are alleged to have caused groundings, recording new or changed landmarks, revising names of principle docks, fac- tories, and other waterfront establishments, locating new marine construction, and checking of the fringe of roads and other topo- graphic features adjacent to the shoreline. Routine maintenance of the vertical control network was realized coincident with the triennial revisory survey program. This phase of field activities consists of recovery and replacement of benchmarks where necessary and instrumental levels between selected marks to check their stability. A detailed description of aggregate accomplishments in the field during the fiscal year, consolidated according to geographical position on the various bodies of water, follows. Lake Superior: Approximately 2760 lineal miles of offshore soundings were accomplished in the vicinity of Keweenaw Bay and between the Keweenaw Peninsula and Isle Royale. Sweeping opera- tions were conducted in the vicinity of the upper entrance to the Keweenaw Waterway. Recovery was made of triangulation stations required for the offshore sounding program and all descriptions were revised to incorporate changes in references. U. S. LAKE SURVEY 1475 St. Marys River: Eighty miles of precise level lines were run along the entire length of the St. Marys River. Lake Michigan: Approximately 789 lineal miles of inshore soundings were accomplished to complete the sounding of Chicago Harbor which had been started late in fiscal year 1955. Offshore sounding of the western half of Lake Michigan from Port Wash- ington to Seul Choix Point completed the deep-sea sounding of Lake Michigan which was started in fiscal year 1954. Sweeping operations were conducted over three shoal spots in northern Green Bay. Verti- cal control maintenance was accomplished and revisory surveys were completed in all harbors on Lake Michigan from Benton Harbor to Two Rivers. In April, 36 special gages were installed in Lake Michigan for the purpose of furnishing data for the crustal move- ment study. Lake Huron: Recovery of triangulation stations required for in- shore sounding operations was started. The construction of a new water level recording gage installation at Lakeport was completed and the gage was put into operation. St. Clair River: Gages were examined and vertical control main- tenance was accomplished at selected sites along the United States side of the river. Lake St. Clair: Reconnaissance surveys for chart revision were made and vertical control maintenance was accomplished along the Michigan shoreline of the lake. Detroit River: Vertical control maintenance was accomplished at selected sites along the Michigan shoreline. Revisory surveys were made along the entire river. Lake Erie: Revisory surveys and vertical control maintenance were accomplished along the shoreline and in the harbors from Cleveland to Buffalo. The 12 special gages that had been installed in Lake Erie for the purpose of the study of crustal movement were inspected and levels were run at each site when operation was dis- continued late in October. Niagara River: Revisory surveys and vertical control mainte- nance were accomplished along the United States shoreline. Dis- charge measurements were made in November and again in April at the hydraulic section which was established between the mainland and Goat Island in the spring of 1955. Lake Ontario: Revisory surveys and vertical control maintenance were accomplished along the shoreline and in the harbors from Youngstown to Cape Vincent. The seven special gages that had been installed in Lake Ontario for the purpose of the study of crustal movement were inspected and levels were run at each site when operation was discontinued late in October. St. Lawrence River: Approximately 18 miles of precise level work were accomplished between Chimney Point and Point Rockaway dur- ing September and October. In June, discharge measurements were made at Massena Point. The Lake Survey made two inspections of the construction automatic gages for the St. Lawrence seaway and power projects during the year. In addition to the field operations listed above, hydraulic and 1476 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 hydrologic activities included routine inspection and checking of water level gages over the Great Lakes and the connecting and out- flow rivers; the recording of levels; reduction, tabulation, and dis- semination of data relating to lake and river levels; river flows, diversions, precipitation, and other hydraulic and hydrologic factors:; and study and preparation of numerous reports on hydraulic and hydrologic problems which have been rapidly increasing in number and importance in connection with such matters as the St. Lawrence seaway, the deepening of the connecting channels, the redevelop- ment of power on the Niagara River, the preservation and enhance- ment of Niagara Falls, the joint United States-Canada study of basic Great Lakes hydraulic and hydrologic data, and the survey re- port on water levels of the Great Lakes. Forty-two gaging sites were maintained, of which 38 were equip- ped with self-registering instruments. Four of the automatic gages were operated to gather data on short period fluctuations of the lake surface at selected sites where inundation had been a problem. Five of the nonautomatic gages were used to secure information on slope profiles of the St. Clair-Detroit River system. Forecasts of the ranges in which the 1955-56 winter low levels and the 1956 summer high levels of the Great Lakes could be expected to occur were made approximately 4 months in advance of the esti- mated months of occurrence. Peak elevations of all lakes during the summer of 1955 fell within the ranges predicted. Minimum elevations of the lakes during the winter 1955-56, with the exception of Lake Erie, also fell within the ranges predicted. The minimum elevation of Lake Erie during the winter of 1955-56 fell below the range predicted because of a severe ice jam in the St. Clair River which substantially reduced the inflow to that lake. Lakes Erie and Ontario appeared to have established their 1956 maximum elevations in June and both were in the upper portion of the predicted range. As of June 30, 1956, Lakes Superior and Michigan-Huron were still rising, but indications were that their maximum levels would be established within the predicted ranges. Data collected by U. S. Lake Survey field sections, supplemented by information from numerous sources, were compiled for produc- tions of 62 revised chart editions and for 6 chart reprints. Modifi- cation in aids-to-navigation and other critical chart data were made by hand on 99,512 copies of.the stock of printed charts to maintain it currently accurate to the date of issue or sale. This undertaking involved 1,005,014 separate operations consisting of deletion of changed chart features and addition of the new features. Revised editions of 62 charts and 7 reprints were processed and printed during the year. In addition to the charts, 3 hydrographs and 15,000 chart catalogs were printed. Chart sales for the year amounted to 77,730 copies which were 10,036 more than the 67,694 copies sold during fiscal year 1955. The proceeds of sales amounted to $63,550. An additional 11,890 charts were issued for official use. The 1956 edition of the Great Lakes Pilot was prepared and the copy forwarded to the Government Print- ing Office for reproduction, The publication became available in March U. S. LAKE SURVEY 1477 1956. Supplements Nos. 3 to 7, inclusive, to the 1955 Pilot were pre- pared and the copy provided to the printing contractor monthly from July through November 1955. Supplements Nos. 1 and 2 to the 1956 Pilot were prepared in a similar manner in May and June 1956. The U. S. Lake Survey, as agent for the Superintendent of Documents, sold 2,189 copies of the Great Lakes Pilot during the fiscal year. A total of $4925.25 was collected and transmitted to that official. An additional 352 copies of the publication were issued for official use. Sales of supplements to the 1955 and 1956 Pilots amounted to 2,065 sets of 7 issues, realizing $515.25 in sales proceeds. The 352 Pilots which were issued were complemented by 352 sets of Supplements. A total of $586.95 was realized from the sale of 841 Waterborne Commerce Statistics publications, parts 1-5. An additional 759 copies of these publications were issued for official use. In addition to the above publications, mimeographed notices of the monthly mean stages of the Great Lakes and tabulations of other hydraulic and hydrologic factors were sent to individuals, news- papers, vessel interests, industrial interests, and Government agencies in both the United States and Canada to which the information is of concern. The foregoing operations were all maintenance. The total cost dur- ing the year was $539,415. Reimbursable printing work amounted to $161,238, of which $21,617 were received for reproducing project and other special maps for Corps of Engineers districts and the re- mainder was received for Army Map Service Ground Maps. To in- clude the costs of revisory surveys and adjacent inshore soundings in the operations and maintenance budget for each project, direct allot- ments are not made to the United States Lake Survey for those pur- poses, but reimbursements for the work are made by the districts concerned. Reimbursable work under this category amounted to $41,000 for inshore soundings and $65,700 for revisory surveys during fiscal year 1956. Other reimbursable work accomplished by the Lake Survey for other district offices amounted to $9,383 during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. All new work under the various projects had been completed at the end of the fiscal year. Work under the existing project is composed solely of maintenance. The total cost of new work under all projects since the inauguration of the survey in 1841, amounted to $6,729,811. New work under the existing project cost $2,755,914 and maintenance thereunder to June 30, 1956, cost $7,478,513, amounting to a total for the present project during its 50 years of existence of $10,251,589. At the end of the fiscal year, publications available for issue to official users and for sale to the general public consisted of 114 charts of the Great Lakes and connecting rivers, 5 charts of Lake Cham- plain, 3 charts and a volume of 60 small charts of New York canals, 17 charts of the Minnesota-Ontario border lakes, the 1956 Great Lakes Pilot and the Supplements to the Pilot. In addition, mimeo- graphed reports of lake levels showing current elevations, com- parisons with past levels, and forecasts of future levels are mailed early each month to a list of about 2,000 official and private recipients; and tabulations of river discharges, precipitation, and 1478 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 stages at specific locations on the lakes are dispatched regularly to 80 additional receivers, the latter being primarily official. Numerous other tabulations and compilations of data in the chart- ing, geodetic, hydraulic, and hydrologic fields are posted currently for use in answering the large number of inquiries for such data received each year. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .-------.-----------.----------.-----------.------ .------------ 1 $6,729,811 Cost----------------------------------------------------------------- 16,729,811 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $365,000 2$389,000 $525,000 $470,000 $533,300 27,494,640 Cost ----------------.......... 386,973 2383,622 499,149 481,149 ' 532,253 s 7,478,513 1Includes $3,973,897 for new work for previous projects. 2 Reduced $100,000 costs which were transferred to general investigations during fiscal year 1954. * Includes -$7,162 pending adjustment. 2. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of work during the fiscal year for special studies in con- nection with the survey report on Great Lakes water levels was $75,938. The unexpended balance of $11,627 at the end of the fiscal year plus an additional $56,000, or a total of $67,627, can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1957 for continuation of the study. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT This district comprises those drainage basins tributary to the Pacific Ocean that are in California between the Mexican boundary and Cape San Martin (about 265 miles north of the entrance to Los Angeles Harbor) ; the entire Colorado River drainage basin, which is in southeastern California, southeastern Nevada, southern and east- ern Utah, southwestern Wyoming, western Colorado, western New Mexico, and Arizona; that part of the Great Basin that is in south- western Utah, southern Nevada, and southeastern California; and the United States parts of those small drainage basins in southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico west of the Continental Divide that drain southward into Mexico. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control--Continued Page Page 1. Morro Bay Harbor, Calif..... 1480 17. Fullerton Dam, Santa Ana 2. Santa Barbara Harbor, Calif. 1481 River Basin (and Orange 3. Port Hueneme Harbor, Calif . 1483 County), Calif----------- 1532 4. Playa del Rey Inlet and Basin, 18. Brea Dam, Santa Ana River Venice, Calif------------ 1485 Basin (and Orange County), 5. Redondo Beach Harbor, Calif_ 1488 Calif------------- - 1533 6. Los Angeles and Long Beach 19. Santa Ana River Basin, Calif. 1534 Harbors, Calif.----------- 1490 20. Devil, East Twin, and Warm 7. Newport Bay Harbor, Calif.. 1494 Creeks improvements and 8. San Diego Harbor, Calif-.- 1497 Lytle Creek levee, Santa Ana 9. San Diego River and Mission River Basin, Calif.......-------- 1535 Bay, Calif_-------------- 1500 21. Riverside levees, Santa Ana 10. Other authorized navigation River Basin, Calif -------- 1537 projects__---------------- 1502 22. San Diego River Basin, Calif. 1538 23. Painted Rock Reservoir, Gila Flood Control River Basin, Ariz_--------- 1538 24. Mathews Canyon Reservoir, 11. Los Angeles County drainage Colorado River Basin, Nev_ 1539 area, Calif-------------- 1502 25. Pine Canyon Reservoir, Col- Los Angeles River Ba- orado River Basin, Nev . _ 1540 sin--------------- 1504 26. Other authorized flood-control San Gabriel River Ba- projects--_------------ 1542 sin---------------1512 27. Inspection of completed flood- Rio Hondo Basin .... - 1516 control works ------------ 1542 Ballona Creek Basin_- 1521 28. Flood-control work under spe- 12. Santa Ana River Basin (and cial authorization --------- 1542 Orange County), Calif- 1526 29. Scheduling of flood-control res- 13. San Antonio Dam, Santa Ana ervoir operations..-.-.. 1.543 River Basin (and Orange Shore Protection County), Calif ----------- 1528 14. San Antonio and Chino Creeks 30. Authorized shore-protection channel, Santa Ana River projects.---------------- 1544 Basin (and Orange County), Calif------------------ 1529 General Investigations 15. Prado Dam, Santa Ana River 31. Examinations and surveys Basin (and Orange County), (navigation)-------------1544 Calif_------------------ 1503 32. Examinations and surveys 16. Carbon Canyon Dam and (flood control) ----------- 1544 channel, Santa Ana River 33. Collection and study of basic Basin (and Orange County), data (flood control)-------...... 1545 Calif ------------------ 1531 34. Research and development.... 1545 1479 1480 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1. MORRO BAY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Morro Bay is on the Pacific coast, 110 miles south of Monterey Bay, 120 miles northwest of Santa Barbara Harbor, and nearly midway between San Francisco and Los Angeles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5387.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for 2 ran- domstone breakwaters, the upcoast breakwater extending 1,800 feet south by west from Morro Rock, and the downcoast breakwater ex- tending west from the sandspit 1,399 feet, thence northwest 433 feet, a total distance of 1,832 feet; an entrance channel 16 feet deep and 350 feet wide; the Navy channel 16 feet deep, ranging in width from 350 feet to 800 feet from the entrance channel to the town of Morro; Morro channel from the town of Morro to the lower bay, 12 feet deep and generally 150 feet wide; a stone dike extending from Morro Rock to the mainland, a distance of 1,600 feet; and a quarry-waste revet- ment levee extending for a distance of 6,930 feet along the water- front at Morro, to retain marginal fills. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 4.7 feet. The extreme range is about 8.5 feet. The Federal cost for new work for the completed project was $2,612,093. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $117,200, including $9,000 for reconnaissance and condition survey. The existing project, which was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, authorized (1) improvements as set forth in House Document 283, 77th Congress, 1st session; and (2) further harbor development as desired by the Navy Department in accord- ance with the plans on file in the office of the Chief of Engineers. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. The project has been completed under supervision of the Chief of Engineers using funds provided by the Navy Department. Terminal facilities. There are 640 feet of existing piers con- structed by the Navy, 205 feet of piers constructed by San Luis Obispo County, 169 feet of privately owned docks, and 320 feet of privately owned floating docks. Facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The following mainte- nance was started: (1) dredging of material from the entrance chan- nel and placing of that material in the breach of the sandspit at the root of the south breakwater and (2) installing the highline to be used in connection with the construction of a rock groin at the sands- pit near the entrance channel. The costs from regular maintenance funds were $187,573, comprising $175,984 for maintenance per- formed by contract and $11,589 for maintenance performed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1946. The downcoast breakwater and the stone dike connecting Morro Rock and the mainland were completed in 1942; the retaining levee, the marginal fills along the waterfront, and the channel to the lower bay, in 1944; and the upcoast (Morro) breakwater, in 1946. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DIST. 1481 Morro breakwater is subjected to pounding from heavy seas and is rapidly deteriorating; the south breakwater is being flanked at its root by erosion; and material dredged from the entrance channel is being deposited in the breach of the sandspit at the root of the south breakwater. Considerable shoaling of the project channels has taken place since the last maintenance dredging in 1949. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel--------......................-- ........---- ............... ... 16 June 1956. Navy channel-------------------... --------------------------.................................. 14 May 1953. Morro channel--------------------------------------------------- 4 Do. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as fol- lows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds --------------------- ------------------------- $771,997 $771,997 Navy funds.---------------------------- $2.612.093 307,945 2,920,038 Total, Federal funds ----------------- 2,612,093 1,079,942 3,692,035 Other funds..... .. . . . . . . .- . .. .- .- . .. . . . . Total, all funds ----------------------- $2,612,093 1$1,079,942 1$3,692,035 1Includes pending adjustments in amount of $3,104 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----------------------------------- $2,612,093------------------------ Cost_ .--------------------------------------------------------------2,612,093, Maintenance: Appropriated-.---_-. $2,252 -- $162 $5,600 -$350 $222,613 1,111,.954 1,099 5,510 Cost-----------................ 980 4,569 1190,677 11,079,942 1 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $3,104 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." 2. SANTA BARBARA HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Santa Barbara Harbor is on the Pacific coast, 90 miles northwest of Los Angeles Harbor and 320 miles southeast of San Francisco Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5261.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for mainte- nance by dredging of depths existing in 1934 in the harbor formed by the breakwater constructed by local interests and permits the mainte-., nance of the harbor by means of a fixed sand-intercepting plant to be provided and operated by and at the expense of local interests; the 1482 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 United States to make available for the operation of the plant an amount not exceeding $30,000 annually, the present approved esti- mated annual cost of maintenance, whenever funds are allotted for such purpose, provided that there shall be deducted from such funds the actual cost of harbor maintenance found necessary if and when the intercepting plant has been installed. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.4 feet. The extreme range is about 10 feet. The latest (1956) ap- proved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $33,000, including $3,000 for reconnaissance and condition survey. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 Maintenance by dredging of the present depths into Senate Committee print, 73d the harbor formed by the breakwater constructed Cong., 2d sess. by local interests. Mar. 2, 1945 Permits maintenance by means of a fixed sand-inter- H. Doc. 348, 77th Cong., 1st sess. cepting plant to be provided and operated by and (contains latest published map). at the expense of local interests, the United States to contribute to operating expense an amount not to exceed $30,000 annually, whenever funds are allotted therefor, the funds thus contributed to be reduced by actual cost of harbor maintenance if and when the intercepting plant has been installed. Prior to adoption by Congress, the work was authorized by the Public Works Administration. Local cooperation. No specific local cooperation is required. How- ever, $462,986 of non-Federal funds made available by local interests have been spent as follows: $450,322 to cover the excess cost of de- positing dredged material on the beach, over the estimated cost of similar dredging with disposal at sea; and $12,664 for dredging in the vicinity of the pier formerly owned by the Navy. The city of Santa Barbara has entered into a contract with the United States to substitute, in lieu of the fixed sand-intercepting plant, a movable dredge to work within the protected area to shape the shoal resulting from the travel of sand around the breakwater so as to provide added protection within the harbor and to pump the surplus sand and future accretions from the harbor area to the down- coast beaches. The city will provide and operate a dredge of suf- ficient capacity to maintain an entrance channel into the harbor with a minimum depth of 15 feet and a minimum width of 300 feet. Subject to the availability of operation and maintenance funds the United States will reimburse the city on or before June 30 of each fiscal year, the sum not to exceed $30,000 toward the actual cost of condition surveys and operation of the dredge. This contract, dated March 6, 1956, was executed March 22, 1956, to be effective as of July 1, 1956. Terminal facilities. These consist of a wharf 2,200 feet long, a pier 335 feet long, and also a landing float and mooring facilities for small craft. The wharf, which is equipped with a warehouse, is used for general cargo and for servicing fishing boats. The pier, which RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DIST. 1483 was owned by the Navy, is being given to the city of Santa Barbara. Facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations, all with hired labor, consisted of condition and operation studies. The costs were $2,183 from regular maintenance funds. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel (for a width of 600 feet)_.......-....-.-.--.-.......-.. 20 June 1953. North anchorage----.. --------------------------------------------- 12 June 1952. South anchorage...., --------------------------------------------- 15 Do. Navy channel -------------------------------------------------- 20 Do. Stearns wharf --------------------------------------------------- 18 Do. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as fol- lows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds......................... .................... $641,844 $641,844 Public works funds........................ .................... 29,198 29,198 Total, Federal funds ................. .................... 671,042 671,042 Working funds l............ .... ... .................... 11,000 11,000 Total, all funds -.................. .............. s $682,042 2 $682,042 1 Represents work performed with Federal funds in addition to funds for existing project. 2 Does not include $462,986 of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for betterments desired by local interests. Includes pending adjustments in the amount of $100 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year:" Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 s 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated------........ $1,499 $150,350 $4,200 -$1,450 $2,150 $682,051 Cost.----------------- 831 152,745 1,887 1,105 3 2,283 682,042 1 Includes $29,198 public works funds; includes $11,000 working funds for work performed in addition to existing project. 2 Does not include $462,986 of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for maintenance betterments desired by local interests. 3 Includes pending adjustments in the amount of $100 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." 3. PORT HUENEME HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Port Hueneme Harbor is on the coast of California, 65 miles northwest of Los Angeles Harbor and 345 miles south of San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts 5007 and 5202.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for establish- ment of a harbor for light-draft vessels on the coast of southern Cali- fornia about 1 mile northwest of the existing harbor of Port Hueneme and for construction of shore-protection works. The improvement is 1484 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 to consist of an entrance channel 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide, pro- tected by 2 parallel jetties about 1,400 feet long; an entrance basin 20 feet deep, 850 feet wide, and 1,200 to 1,700 feet long; a channel 10 feet deep and 300 feet wide extending from the entrance basin to an inner basin 10 feet deep, 700 to 1,300 feet wide, and 1,500 feet long; deposition of the dredged material to restore the downcoast shore- line; an offshore breakwater 2,300 feet long, placed to form a sand trap in conjunction with the entrance jetties; and initial and then biennial dredging of about 1 million cubic yards of material from the sand trap and placing of the material to restore and maintain the downcoast shoreline. The plane of reference is mean lower low wa- ter. The mean tidal range in this area is 3.7 feet; the diurnal range is 5.4 feet; and the extreme range, about 10.5 feet. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1955) is $5,750,000. The estimated Federal cost of annual maintenance (1955) is $275,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 362, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local interests have suggested modification of the document plan of harbor improvement to utilize more land now unimproved and less subdivided land. The change under consideration, as described below, will not affect the location of the harbor entrance and the sand trap. The modified improvement is to consist of an entrance channel 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide, protected by 2 parallel jetties about 1,300 feet long; an irregularly shaped entrance basin 20 feet deep, ranging in width from 300 to 750 feet and about 1,900 feet in length; thence extending to an inner basin 10 feet deep, 900 to 1,600 feet wide, and 1,200 to 2,000 feet long; and a 10-foot basin 100 to 250 feet wide and 900 feet long extending northward along the east side of the inner basin; deposition of the dredged material to restore the downcoast shoreline; an offshore breakwater 2,300 feet long, placed to form a sand trap in conjunction with the entrance jetties; and initial and biennial dredging of about 1,600,000 cubic yards of material from the sand trap and placing the material to restore and maintain the down- coast shoreline. The latest (1956) approved estimate of Federal cost of new work on the modified project is $6,970,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate of annual Federal cost of maintenance is $442,500. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide without cost to the United States all lands and rights-of-way properly cleared, access roads, and relocation of utilities necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvement; to provide adequate facilities for berthing, servicing, and maintaining small craft, open to all on equal terms; to establish a public body empowered to regulate the use and development of the harbor facilities; to acquire and hold in the public interest lands bordering the harbor to a width sufficient for proper utilization of the harbor; to maintain and operate all necessary har- bor facilities except those parts of the project that are constructed by the United States; to eliminate and prohibit pollution of the bathing beaches affected; to hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improve- ment; and to make fish-cannery sites available and to encourage the RIVERS AND HARBORS--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DIST. 1485 construction of canneries by private interests. The biennial dredg- ing and bypassing of beach material is to be continued at Federal ex- pense only so long as Federal ownership or use of the lands and im- provements necessitates such protection. Terminal facilties. There are no existing terminal facilities at the site of the authorized harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work on the general design memorandum on the modified plan is approximately 78 per- cent complete. Topographic and hydrographic surveys of the site were made. Exploration borings in the areas were completed. The costs from regular funds were $47,056, comprising $7,478 for new work performed by contract and $39,578 for new work performed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been ac- complished. The general design memorandum is scheduled for sub- mission in July 1956. The costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds----..........-----.. $48,925 ------------------ $48,925 Total, Federal funds- ---------------- 48,925 -------------------- 48,925 Other funds--------- ------------------------------------------------------ .................... Total, all funds-------------..............---....... 1 $48,925 -------------------- 1 $48,925 1Includes pending adjustments in amount of $1,869 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: -------------------------- Appropriated-........-----------------........ $59,000 $59,000 ............ Cost..........----------......---------------- ----------------------------........... 148,925 148,925 1 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $1,869 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year, ending June 30, 1956--------------------------- _ _------ ---- $10, 075 4. PLAYA DEL REY INLET AND BASIN, VENICE, CALIF. Location. Playa del Rey is on Santa Monica Bay on the coast of California, 20 miles northwest of Los Angeles Harbor and 410 miles southeast of San Francisco Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Charts 5101 and 5144.) Existing project as originally approved. The plan of improvement provides for establishment:of a harbor for light-draft vessels at Playa del Rey, Calif. The improvement is to consist of 2 entrance jettles, 1486 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 each about 2,300 feet long; an entrance channel 20 feet deep, 600 feet wide, and 1,925 feet long; an interior channel 20 feet deep, 600 feet wide, and 5,600 feet long; a central basin 10 feet deep; and 2 side basins 20 feet deep and 10 side basins 10 feet deep, separated by mole- type piers. The dredged material is to be utilized for construction of the piers and for deposition on adjacent lowlands and beaches. Fed- eral participation is limited by the authorizing act to 50 percent of the cost of entrance jetties, entrance channel, interior channel, and central basin. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The mean tidal range is 3.7 feet, the diurnal range is 5.6 feet, and the ex- treme range is about 10.5 feet. The latest (1955) approved estimate of Federal cost of new work is $4,070,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual Fed- eral cost of maintenance is $45,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 389, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation as originally approved. Local interests are re- quired to provide without cost to the United States all rights-of-way necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvement and to supply suitable spoil-disposal areas for inital work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; to secure and hold in the public interest lands bordering on the proposed development to a width suf- ficient for proper functioning of the harbor; to relocate oil wells and to relocate and construct public utilities as required; to construct a bulkhead around basin "K" and stone revetments on the side slopes of the remaining basins; to extend the north jetty at Ballona Creek to a length sufficient to hold the fill to be placed on the beach to the north thereof; to provide adequate berthing and other facilities for small craft; to provide adequate parking areas, access roads, and landscaping of the piers; to establish a public body to regulate the use and development of the harbor facilities, which will be open to all on equal terms; to dredge or bear the actual cost of dredging the 12 side basins; to maintain and operate the entire project except aids to navigation, entrance jetties, and project depths in the entrance channel, the interior channel, and the central basin; and to hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improvement. The project is subject to the condition that its adoption as recom- mended shall not relieve local interests of responsibility for stabiliza- tion of beach fill along the shores of Santa Monica Bay with such Federal assistance as may be authorized following completion of the cooperative beach-erosion control study now in progress and is also subject to the further condition that local interests will assume at least one-half the cost of entrance jetties, entrance channel, interior channel, and the central basin. Modified existing project. Los Angeles County has requested modification of the document plan as described above because the county believes that the large central water area uses a larger part of the Marina site than is necessary for navigation; that the side basins have narrow entrances that will retard water circula- tion, causing fouling of water in the basins; that greater use of the area available is economically desirable owing to high cost of RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DIST. 1487 acquisition; that the central entrance channel isolates a large section of beach between it and Ballona Creek; and that several schools and colleges in the tributary area are interested in shell racing and no straight stretch of water of the required length is provided. The county plan, which provides for mooring 6,200 small craft and for parking 2,000 trailer-mounted craft, consists of an entrance channel 2,000 feet long, 700 feet wide and 20 feet deep adjacent to the north jetty of the Ballona Creek flood-channel outlet protected by 2 randomstone jetties about 2,000 feet long. The existing north Ballona Creek jetty would be extended about 760 feet to function as the south jetty of the entrance channel and as a barrier between the flood channel and entrance channel; a new jetty about 2,000 feet long would be located at the north side of the entrance channel; a main interior channel about 1,000 feet wide, 15 feet deep, and about 2,600 feet in prolongation of the entrance channel, then swinging north for about 5,600 feet; and 8 side basins ranging in length from about 2,400 to about 1,200 feet, 600 feet wide with intervening moles 354 feet wide. All basins would be dredged to a depth of 10 feet, except one-half of basin A, which would be dredged to 15 feet. The dredged material, amounting to about 14,000,000 cubic yards, is to be utilized for construction of the moles and for deposition on adjacent lowlands and beaches. Federal participation is limited by the authorizing act to 50 percent of the cost of the entrance jetties, entrance channel, and interior main channel. The latest (1956) approved estimate of cost of new work under the modified plan is $21,200,000, of which $18,175,000 would be borne by local interests and $3,025,000, by the United States. The latest (1956) approved estimate of Federal annual cost of mainte- nance is $26,000. Local cooperation as required for modified plan. Local interests are required to provide without cost to the United States all rights-of- way necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvement and to supply suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subse- quent maintenance when and as required; to secure and hold in the public interest lands bordering on the proposed development to a width sufficient for proper functioning of the harbor; to relocate oil wells and to relocate and construct public untilties as required; to construct a bulkhead around basin "A" and stone revetments on the side slopes of the remaining basins; to provide adequate berthing and other facilities for small craft; to provide adequate parking areas, access roads, and landscaping of the piers; to establish a public body to regulate the use and development of the harbor facilities, which will be open to all on equal terms; to dredge or bear the actual cost of dredging the 8 side basins; to maintain and operate the entire project except aids to navigation, entrance jetties, and project depths in the entrance channel and the main channel; and to hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improvement. The project is subject to the condition that its adoption as recommended shall not relieve local interests of responsibility for stabilization of beachfill along the shores of Santa Monica Bay with such Federal assistance as may be 1488 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 authorized following completion of the cooperative beach-erosion control study now in progress and is also subject to the further con- dition that local interests will assume at least one-half the cost of entrance jetties, entrance channel, and main channel. Terminal facilities. No terminal facilities exist at the site of the authorized harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of a review and analysis of the modified plan submitted by Los Angeles County. The costs, all from regular funds for new work, were $7,101 for work performed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. Analysis of the modified plan has been completed. The plan was officially adopted and approved by the Chief of Engineers on June 29, 1956. Total costs of the project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds------------------------------.............................. $7,493 I .---------------- $7,493 f. Total, Federal funds_- ....... 7,493 -Oe ....- ...----.- ---.... 7,493 Other fun ds _... . .. _________ .. . . . . ._ ___________ __ . . . . . . . . .................... funds Total, all , ---------------------- $7,493 -------------------- '$7,493 1Includes pending adjustments in amount of $392 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1966 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------........ -----------............ ---------...........--....... --........------------ Cost-------------......-----.....---....-----..---------------............ ------------ $25,000 17,493 $25,000 17,493 1 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $392 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 --- -- $17, 507 5. REDONDO BEACH HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Redondo Beach Harbor is on the Pacific coast in the southern (downcoast) part of Santa Monica Bay, about 18 miles by sea northwest of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors and about 417 miles southeast of San Francisco Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts 5101 and 5144.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for recon- struction of about 1,455 linear feet of the existing 2,400-foot stone breakwater, construction of a 2,830-foot extension of the existing breakwater, and construction of a south breakwater 600 feet long; and for maintenance of the entire existing breakwater as recon- structed, the breakwater extension, and the south breakwater. The RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DIST. 1489 plane of reference is mean lower low water. In Santa Monica Bay, the mean tidal range is 3.8 feet; the diurnal range 5.6 feet; and the extreme range, about 10.5 feet. The latest (1956) approved estimate of Federal cost of new work is $5,630,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate of annual Federal cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 303, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide, through a competent and duly authorized public body, all lands and rights-of- way necessary for construction and maintenance of the proposed im- provements, including transfer of ownership of the existing section of the breakwater to the United States; to construct a quay wall along the land side of the harbor between the existing breakwater and the vicinity of Beryl Street; to dredge the harbor area a least depth of 12 feet below mean lower low water; to deposit the dredge spoil landward of the quay wall and in the eroded area south of the wall; to construct an access trestle, pier, slips, and all other facilities necessary for adequate berthing, servicing, maintaining, and supplying small craft; to maintain the specified depth in the harbor area and maintain and operate the harbor facilities, except the breakwater, with such facilities available to all on equal terms; and to hold and save the United States free from responsibility for any effects of the improve- ment on adjacent shorelines and from any damages due to construc- tion and maintenance of the harbor improvements. Satisfactory assurances of local cooperation, in compliance with the pertinent act of Congress, were submitted by the city of Redondo Beach. The bill of sale covering the existing breakwater and a perpetual easement over the lands involved have been supplied by the city of Redondo Beach. Terminal facilities. The only existing commercial terminal facility is the Monstad pier. This pier is privately owned. It is 20 feet wide and extends seaward about 300 feet to a depth of 15 feet below mean lower low water. Facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Plans and specifications were completed, and construction by contract was started. The costs, all from regular funds for new work, were $254,282, comprising $243,236 for work performed by contract and $11,046 for work performed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction is about 5 percent completed. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: 1490 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds..............--------------------------- $280,834 ----------------- $280,843 Total, Federal funds_.-............. 280,834 --.............. 280,834 Other funds.. . . . . . . . .-. .-. ..-. . . . .. . . . Total, all funds----------------------.................... 1$280,834 -------------------- 1 $280,834 1 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $1,527 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-- ------------ ------------------------ $35,000 $450,000 $485,000 Cost -------- 25,025 1255,809 1280,834 1Includes pending adjustments in amount of $1,527 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------- ---------------- $16,806 6. LOS ANGELES AND LONG BEACH HARBORS, CALIF. Location. Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors are on the Pacific coast, 410 miles southeast of San Francisco Harbor and 96 miles northwest of San Diego Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5147.) Previous projects. Los Angeles Harbor. There was no project for the outer harbor prior to the existing project. Original project for the inner harbor was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, August 2, 1882, June 3, 1896, June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910, July 18, 1918, and March 3, 1925. Long Beach Harbor. There was no previous project. For further details, see page 1977 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1646 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a stone breakwater 11,152 feet long (San Pedro breakwater) extending east- ward from Point Fermin; for a stone-and-earth detached break- water 18,500 feet long (middle breakwater); for a stone-and-earth detached breakwater 13,350 feet long (Long Beach breakwater) ; for maintenance of the original Long Beach breakwater south of the outer end of pier A (now an integral part of pier A as extended); for an entrance channel 1,000 feet wide and 40 feet deep to outer Los Angeles Harbor, with a turning basin 3,500 feet long and 1,500 feet wide of the same depth opposite the end of pier 1, and enlargement of the entrance to the inner harbor by dredging to a depth of 35 feet a triangular area at the junction of the inner harbor with this turning basin; for irregular anchorage areas (areas A and B) 40 feet deep adjacent to the 40-foot-depth entrance channel; for an inner-harbor channel (Los Angeles channel) 35 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, with a turning basin at its north extremity 35 feet deep; for a channel RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DIST. 1491 (East Basin channel) 35 feet deep and 650 feet wide extending from the turning basin to slip No. 5; for a channel (Cerritos channel) 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from slip No. 5 to a turning basin in Long Beach inner harbor; for a turning basin 35 feet deep in Long Beach inner harbor; for an entrance channel to Long Beach inner harbor 35 feet deep and 300 to 500 feet wide; for a settling basin at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion channel, the dredged material to be deposited on the beaches eastward therefrom to Bel- mont pier; for a silt-diversion channel (Los Angeles River) for the protection of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors; and for main- tenance of the entire project except the silt-diversion channel. Dredging in East Basin was authorized as a modification of the existing project by act approved September 3, 1954. Local interests have dredged about 1,290,000 cubic yards of material from the basin by using their own funds for which they are to be reimbursed by the Federal Government. Approximately 700,000 yards of material re- main to be dredged by the Federal Government. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.5 feet. The extreme range is about 10 feet. The latest (1956) approved estimate of Federal first cost for the existing project is $31,257,000, including $897,000 for dredging in East Basin as a modification of the existing project and excluding amounts expended on previous projects. This estimate does not in- clude cost of constructing 6,000 feet of the authorized 21,000-foot section of the detached breakwater by the Navy Department. The latest (1956) approved estimates of Federal annual cost of mainte- nance are $110,000 for dredging, $125,000 for repairs to breakwater, and $16,000 for maintenance of modification of existing project. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 A breakwater 8,500 feet long, easterly of Point Fermin. S. Doe. 18, 55th Cong., 1st sess. June 25, 1910 Extension of said breakwater to shore, making a total H. Doe. 969, 60th Cong., 1st sess, length of 11,152 feet from Point Fermin. July 25, 1912 Dredging in Los Angeles outer harbor west of the en- Rivers and Harbors Committee trance channel. Doc. 8, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 For the silt-diversion works.....---...---------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 9, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 22, 1922Triangular area approach to Los Angeles inner har- H. Doc. 1013, 66th Cong., 3d sess. bor entrance channel. Mar. 3, 1925 Dredging the Los Angeles Harbor main channel and H. Doc. 349, 68th Cong., 1st sess. entrance 35 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, dredging the inner harbor turning basin 35 feet deep, and for reclamation of Reservation Point. July 3, 1930 A detached breakwater 12,500 feet long in prolonga- Rivers and Harbors Committee tion of the existing breakwater (authorized by act Doc. 33, 71st Cong., 2d sess. of June 3, 1896). Do....... Widening the fairway on the easterly side of the en- S. Doe. 130, 71st Cong., 2d sess. trance to Los Angeles inner harbor, dredging a channel 35 feet deep and 650 feet wide in the east basin from the turning basin to United States sta- tion 406; dredging 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide in Cerritos channel from United States station 406 to the Long Beach turning basin; a turning basin 35 feet deep at Long Beach; for the entrance channel to Long Beach Harbor, 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide and for maintenance of the Long Beach break- water south of the outer end pier A. This act pro- vides that in no case shall dredging be done within 50 feet of established pierhead lines or existing piers and wharves. 1492 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging the 1,000-foot-wide entrance channel to Los Senate Committee print, 74th Angeles outer harbor to 40-foot depth and for a Cong., 1st sess. turning basin 3,500 feet long and 1,500 feet wide to the same depth and enlargement of the entrance to the inner harbor by dredging to 35-foot depth a triangular area at its junction with the turning basin. Oct. 17, 1940 Dredging to a depth of 40 feet, areas A and B adjacent H. Doc. 843, 76th Cong., 3d sess. to the 40-foot-depth entrance channel; the construec tion and maintenance of a rubble-mound break- water of the composite type about 21,000 feet long in an easterly direction from the northeast end of the existing detached breakwater; dredging about 4,000,000 cubic yards initially for a settling basin at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion chan- nel, and depositing the material on the beaches east- ward therefrom to Belmont pier; maintenance dredging of areas A and B, and at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion channel; all subject to such modifications as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable to meet the require- ments of the Navy. Sept. 3, 1954 Dredging to a depth of 35 feet in East Basin as a modi- H. Doc. 161, 83d Cong., 1st sess. fication of the existing project. This act provides (contains latest published map). "That the Secretary of the Army is hereby author- ized to reimburse local interests for such work as they may have done upon this project prior to July 1, 1953, at actual cost to local interests insofar as the same shall be approved by the Chief of Engineers and found to have been done in accordance with the project hereby adopted: Provided further, That such reimbursement shall be subject to appropria- tions applicable thereto or funds available therefor and shall not take precedence over other pending projects of higher priority for harbor improvements: And provided further, That such payments shall not exceed the sum of $500,000." Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, re- quires that local interests take the following action: (1) cede to the United States, in lieu of that part of the military reservation at Reservation Point that will be required for widening the main en- trance channel, an equivalent area to the east, adjoining the present Federal holding; and (2) dredge, at local expense, a portion 200 feet in width for the proposed 30-foot channel along the eastern, northern, and western sides of West Basin. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, requires local in- terests to dredge East Channel and berths adjacent to pier 1 to a depth of 40 feet. The River and Harbor Act of October 17, 1940, requires no local cooperation except that, if local interests desire to use dredged mate- rial to reclaim land or to build up beaches in addition to that recom- mended therein, the cost in excess of the cheapest dredging and dis- posal methods should be borne by local interests. The city of Long Beach has supplied the Government with the sum of $335,575 to pay the increased cost of depositing dredged materials at desired locations. All conditions of local cooperation have been fully complied with. In addition to the Federal project requirements, the cities of Los Angeles and Long Beach have -expended approximately $100,000,000 and $60,000,000, respectively, for harbor improvements and facilities. Terminal facilities. In Los Angeles Harbor, there are 75,339 linear feet of wharves, of which 66,870 linear feet are owned by the RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DIST. 1493 city and 8,469 linear feet by private interests. Facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. In Long Beach Harbor there are 29,825 linear feet of wharves and bulkheads owned by the city, of which there are 18,368 linear feet of finished wharves and quays, 4,307 linear feet of usable bulkheads, and 7,150 linear feet of wharves and bulkheads to be completed in 1956; 10,700 linear feet owned by the Federal Government; and 5,510 linear feet owned by private interests. Facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of condition and operation studies of the harbors by hired labor at a cost of $5,884 from regular maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1949 except for dredging of East Basin. The 11,152-foot San Pedro breakwater was completed in 1912; the silt-diversion works, in 1923; the Los Angeles inner-harbor channels and turning basin, in 1931; the Long Beach entrance channel, in 1932; the Los Angeles Harbor entrance channel, in 1937; and the outer-harbor turning basin, in 1939. The 18,500-foot (middle) breakwater, comprising 12,500 feet built by the Corps of Engineers and 6,000 feet built by the Navy, was completed in 1942. The 13,350-foot (Long Beach) breakwater was completed in 1949. Dredging from the settling basin at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion channel was completed in1946. Dredging of areas A and B was completed in February 1949. The breakwaters were in good condition. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Los Angeles Harbor: Entrance channel--------------------------------------------- 40 July 1949. West anchorage area (outer harbor)_-.-.--- .-- ....-.....-------- 40 Do. East anchorage area (outer harbor)-___-----.-.-. --.... --.....-... - 40 Do. Turning basin (outer harbor).-------------- . -...... -.. 40 Do. Main channel- ------------------------------------------------- 35 Do. Turning basin (inner harbor)_----------------- 35 Do. East Basin channel and Cerritos channel from slip 5 to Los Angeles- 32 May 1953. Long Beach city boundary. Long Beach Harbor: Entrance channel.....---------------------------------------------36 July 1949. Turning basin--- --------------------------------------------- 42 Do. Cerritos channel from Los Angeles-Long Beach city boundary to Long 40 Do. Beach turning basin. Settling basin at mouth of Los Angeles River diversion channel ...... 25 April 1946. 1494 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total ---------------------------- Regular funds ......... $27,768,809 $2,686,519 $30,455,328 Public works funds_ ------------------- 1,593,667 -------------------- 1,593,667 Emergency relief funds_---------------------996,792 -------------------- 996,792 Total, Federal funds_ ----------------- 30,359,268 2, 686, 519 33, 045, 787 Other funds-........-...... -...... -.. -.... .............. ----.................. --................... Total, all funds_-...--.............. $30,359,268 $2,686,519 $33,045,787 1Does not include $422,695 ($335,575 for new work and $87,120 for maintenance) of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for betterments desired by local interest. Includes pending adjustments in amount of $286 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 *Newwork: Appropriated . ..--------......------------ -- $210,000 .......----------- $32,546,315 Cost--------------------------------------------...............--.. 2--877 ------------ 32,546,315 Maintenance: Appropriated ------ $5,638 $11,600 $17,500 4,250 $5,550 2,825,896 Cost----------------- 2,930 14,100 17,271 4,036 6,170 ' 2,825,866 1 Includes $2,187,047 for new work and $139,347 for maintenance for previous projects. 2To distribute insurance account to project feature. No expenditures involved. * Includes pending adjustments in amount of $286 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Note. New work includes $1,593,667 public works funds; includes credit of $33,050 from transfer of land at Reservation Point; includes $996,792 emergency relief funds. 7. NEWPORT BAY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Newport Bay Harbor is on the Pacific coast, 24 miles southeast of Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbors, and 72 miles north- west of San Diego Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1508.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for rubble- mound entrance jetties, 900 feet apart, 1,620 and 2,860 feet in length on the east and west sides of the channel, respectively; an entrance channel 20 feet deep and 500 feet wide; a main channel 20 feet deep, 700 feet wide just inside the entrance, narrowing to a general width of 350 feet; an anchorage area 20 feet deep, ap- proximately 3,800 feet long, and ranging in width up to 520 feet on the north side of the main channel in the eastern end of the bay; an anchorage area 20 feet deep, approximately 5,200 feet long, and ranging in width up to 600 feet on the south side of the main channel in the eastern end of the bay; a yacht-anchorage area 15 feet deep, 1,200 feet wide, and 1,700 feet long on the south side of the main channel midway of the bay; the Newport channel 15 feet deep, approximately 6,000 feet long, and ranging in width up to 330 feet; a turning basin 20 feet deep, approximately 2,000 feet long, and ranging in width up to 1,000 feet at the western end of the bay; and a depth of 10 feet in the remainder of the main bay area. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DIST. 1495 Excepting improvements authorized in the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (i. e., widening the 20-foot-deep main chan- nel from a general width of 200 feet to a general width of 350 feet and to a width of 300 feet just inside the entrance, deepening New- port channel to 15 feet over a width ranging up to 330 feet, and dredging 2 anchorages to a depth of 20 feet), all work described in the preceding paragraph was recommended by the Chief of Engineers to the Secretary of War (Secretary of the Army) under date of September 25, 1933, and was authorized by the Public Works Administration June 15, 1934, at a total estimated cost of $1,835,400 for new work, of which amount local interests were required to con- tribute one-half. The latest (1956) approved estimate of Federal cost of new work is $1,818,000, which is comprised of $797,000, the Federal cost of work authorized by the Public Works Administration, and $1,021,000 (revised 1956), the Federal cost of work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $26,000. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 4.3 feet. The extreme range is about 10 feet. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Maintenance of the work authorized by the Public Senate Commerce Committee Works Administration. print, 75th Cong. Mar. 2, 1945 Widening the main channel, deepening the Newport S. Doc. 138, 78th Cong. 1st sess. channel, and dredging 2 anchorage areas. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. The improvements authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, are subject to the conditions that local interests contribute $255,000 to the first cost, and that responsible local agencies agree to furnish without cost to the United States suit- able areas for the disposal of dredge spoil for the initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required and to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the improvements. These conditions of local cooperation have not been complied with. Local interests state that they expect to be able to guarantee the $255,000 as soon as Federal funds become available. All prior condi- tions imposed by the Public Works Administration and by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937, are fully complied with. In addition to the Federal project requirements, the city of New- port Beach and Orange County have expended for dredging and jetty work the sum of $2,662,545 since 1916. Private interests have spent $683,000 for dredging and other harbor work, making a total expenditure of $3,345,545 for harbor improvements by local interests. Terminal facilities. A county wharf 100 feet long, 440 linear feet of wharves maintained by local canneries for discharge of fish, 120 feet of outfitting wharves, 23 marine railways, and 3 vertical hoists for construction and servicing of small craft. 1496 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of condition and operation studies by hired labor at a cost of $2,288 from regular maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 76 percent complete. The units of the projects authorized by the Public Works Administration were completed in 1936 at a cost of $1,593,794, half of which was contributed by local interests. The jetties were generally in good condition. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel-- ------------------ ---------------------------- 21 March 1953. Main channel----------..........-- ------------------------------------- 19 February 1950. Northerly anchorage area---------- ........... ---....-------------------------- 12 Do. Southerly anchorage area .... ...-..-----------------... ...... ..... 12 Do. Yacht anchorage ------------------------------------------------- 16 Do. Turning basin -------------------------------------------------- 20 Do. Newport channel----- -------------------------------------------- 11 Do. Lido channel---------_ ------------------------------------------- 10 Do. West Lido channel-__- .-.---.-.--------- -----------.----- - 11 Do. Balboa Island channel----..... Upper bay channel------------- _, ----..._- -- . __ .--..... -_ ____11 -------- -------------------------- 11 Do. Do. Areas of the main bay not specifically described have been dredged to a depth of 10 feet. Work remaining consists of widening the main channel, dredging the anchorages on both sides of the main channel opposite Balboa Island, and deepening Newport channel. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds-.-_-.....-.-.-... .. ..-._ ...- _. _ ---..... - $120,434 $120,434 Public works funds-- --..---.-........ $796,897 ---..-... --.. --.. --- 796,897 Total, Federal funds__ ----------------- 796,897 120,434 917,331 Other funds-----....i----------------- .----.---------------. ----- ...... Total, all funds.......-------- --------------............ 1 796,897 2 $120,434 12$917,331 1Does not include $796,897 for new work performed prior to 1952 with required contributed funds. 2 Includes pending adjustments in the amount of $100 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------- ------------ ---------------- .. -------------------- . $796,897 Cost----------------- ................. ---------- ----------------- ---- ------ ------ 796,897 Maintenance: Appropriated .....------.. -$1,501 $1,050 $1,000 $250 $2,238 120,454 Cost---...-..---..-.--645 2,394 299 792 2 2,388 2120,434 1 Does not include $796,897 for new work performed prior to 1952 with required contributed funds. 2Includes pending adjustments in the amount of $100 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DIST. 1497 8. SAN DIEGO HARBOR, CALIF. Location. San Diego Harbor is on the Pacific coast just north of the United States-Mexico boundary line, about 96 and 506 miles southeast of Los Angeles Harbor and San Francisco Bay, respec- tively. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5107.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, March 3, 1875, September 19, 1890, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1976 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1642 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a rubble- mound jetty 7,500 feet long on Zuniga Shoal; for an entrance channel 40 feet deep and 800 feet wide; for removal of Middle Ground Shoal and widening the entrance channel to the eastward in that vicinity to a depth of 36 feet; for a bay channel 35 feet deep and 2,200 feet wide from the vicinity of Whalers Bight to the naval air station; for an anchorage area north of the bay channel 1,200 feet wide, 12,000 feet long, and 35 and 26 feet deep in the eastern and western halves, respectively; for an approach to the 35-foot anchorage, triangular in shape, 900 feet wide and 35 feet deep; for an approach to the 26-foot anchorage, triangular in shape, 800 feet wide and 26 feet deep; for a seaplane basin 1,500 feet wide, 12,000 feet long, and 8 feet deep, landward of the anchorage area; for a turning basin 35 feet deep, opposite the municipal piers; for a channel approximately 20,000 feet long, 1,500 to 2,500 feet wide, and 30 feet deep in the southern part of the bay; for a channel to National City and Chula Vista 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide; for a seaplane basin in the southern part of the bay, 5,000 to 8,500 feet wide, 21,000 feet long, and 10 feet deep, using a part of the dredged material to fill an area of approximately 110 acres adjacent to the southern end of the basin; and for an earthen dike 7,735 feet long to divert the San Diego River from San Diego Bay to Mission Bay. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 4.7 feet. The extreme range is about 10.5 feet. The latest revised (1956) estimated cost of new work for the active part of the project is $9,700,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The completion of dredging is area S and in the Chula Vista channel is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of the inactive part was last revised in 1954 and was estimated at $1,270,100. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $38,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1498 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1875 Diversion dike-------------------.................--- -------- Annual Report 1873, p. 1142. Sept. 19, 1890 Jetty on Zuniga Shoal------------- ---------- H. [Ex.] Doc. 177, 50th' Cong., 1st sess. (Annual Report 1888, p. 2114.) Mar. 4, 1913 Dredging channel through outer bar 570 feet wide and H. Doc. 1309, 62d Cong., 3d sess. 35 feet deep, and a channel through the middle ground 32 feet deep. July 27, 1916 Widening the approach (area B) to San Diego munic- H. Doc.648, 64th Cong., 1st sess. ipal pier 2 by dredging area C (north of area B). Aug. 8, 1917 - Dredging area A (south of area B).---------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 8, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Do-..... Dredging the 35-foot channel through the Middle H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. Ground. Sept. 22, 1922 Dredging areas D and E _ .------------------------ H. Doc. 1000, 66th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 3, 1925 Widening the approach (area C) to San Diego munic- Rivers and Harbors Committee ipal pier 1 by dredging a portion of area F (north of Doc. 2, 68th Cong., 1st sess. area C). July 3, 1930 For the 40-foot channel through the outer bar; dredg- S. Doc. 81, 71st Cong., 2d sess. ing along the south and north banks of the main channel; dredging the turning basin; dredging area H; and dredging a channel to National City and Chula Vista. Aug. 30, 19351 Widening the bay channel to 2,200 feet with depth H. Doc. 223, 73d Cong., 2d sess. of 35 feet from thevicinity of Whalers Bight in the lower bay to the naval air station opposite the turning basin. Aug. 26, 1937 Dredging areas Q, Q-1, M, N, and 0-------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 89, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Oct. 17, 1940 Dredging of a seaplane basin (area S) of approxi- H. Doc. 844, 76th Cong., 3d sess. mately 3,000 acres, 10 feet deep, and the filling of an area of approximately 110 acres adjacent to the southerly end of the basin. 2 Mar 2, 1945 Dredging of triangular approaches to 26- and 35-foot H. Doc. 390, 77th Cong., 1st sess. anchorages, area M. 1 Included in the emergency relief program, May 28, 1935. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, pro- vides that, before any work is undertaken on the turning basin, local interests shall furnish necessary disposal areas and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and Chief of Engineers that they will deepen areas adjacent to the municipal piers to a depth of 35 feet; and that, before any work is undertaken on the channel to Chula Vista, local interest shall contribute $10,000 in cash. These conditions have been complied with, except in the case of the channel to Chula Vista, local interests shall contribute $10,000 in cash. These conditions have been complied with, except in the case of the channel to Chula Vista (one of the inactive parts of the project). The modification of the project in the act of October 17, 1940, is subject to the provision that the Chief of Engineers may direct the disposal of dredged materials on lands not under Federal owner- ship, provided that local interests reimburse the United States for the cost involved in excess of the cost of disposal by the most economical method and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from such disposal. This require- ment was accepted by resolution of the city of Coronado and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, requires no local cooperation. Terminal facilities. In San Diego Harbor, there are 38,100 linear feet of wharves, exclusive of Government-owned wharves, of which 16,445 linear feet are municipally owned, and 21,655 linear feet, by private interests. In addition, there are 2 wharves at Coronado and 1 Government-owned wharf at North Island. Facilities are being ex- panded to meet increased commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DIST. 1499 Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of condition and operation studies by hired labor. The costs, all for hired labor, were $3,238 from regular maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The active part of the existing project is about 97 percent complete. The San Diego River dike was completed in 1876; the Zuniga Shoal jetty, in 1904; the entrance channel, to a width of 800 feet and a depth of 40 feet, in 1934; the bay channel, to a width of 2,200 feet and a depth of 35 feet, in 1936; the dredging for the Navy at mooring No. 49, in 1941; the dredging of the western anchorage area and seaplane basin in area M, to depths of 26 and 8 feet, respectively, and in areas N and 0, to a depth of 30 feet, in 1942; and the dredging in area S, to the extent desired by the Navy, in 1946. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel._..-.--.- . ------------------... 40 April 1953. Bay channel---------- ------------- ------------------------------- 35 April 1952. 26-foot anchorage-...................-------.....---------------- ------------------------ 26 Do. Triangular approach to 26-foot anchorage---....................--------.......-------------------- 1 Do. 35-foot anchorage-----...... -------------------------------------------- 35 Do. Triangular approach to 35-foot anchorage _.-------------------------- 26 Do. Seaplane basin (area M) - ----------------------- 8 Do. Turning basin ....--------------------------------------------------- 35 Do. South Bay channel-----.........------------------------------------------ 30 Do. Seaplane basin (area-S)_ ------------- ------------------------------ 10 Do. Chula Vista channel------.... ---------------- 16 Do. Work remaining on the active part of the project consists of com- pletion of dredging in the triangular approaches to the 26-foot and 35-foot anchorages in area M. Total costs for the existing period to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ----------------------------- ...... $7, 949,756 $280,755 $8,230,511 Public works funds ------------------------ 86,352 --------------------- 86,352 Emergency relief funds --------------------- 1,226,793 -------------------- 1,226,793 Total, Federal funds-....---------------- 9,262,901 280,755 9,543,656 Other funds--.-..--.--.-----.-..-...-. --.. Total, all funds---------------------- 1 $9,262,901 2 $280,755 12 $9,543,656 1Does not include $4,441 of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for betterments desired by local interests. 2Includes pending adjustments in the amount of $200 not reflected in "Operations and results during fiscal year." 1500 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956128 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ........ Appropriated-------- --------------- ------------ ----------- ------------ -$9,417,605 Cost----------------- ------------------------------------------------ 9,417,605 Maintenance: Appropriated......--------. $5, 112 $3,200 $3, 600 $450 $3,449 340,679 Cost----------------- 10,432 5,406 3,057 1,346 43,438 4340,659 1Includes $154,704 for new work and $59,904 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Does not include $4,441 of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for betterments desired by local interests. 8 Includes $86,352 public works funds; includes $1,226,793 emergency relief funds. 4 Includes pending adjustments in the amount of $200 not reflected in "Operations and results during fiscal year." 9. SAN DIEGO RIVER AND MISSION BAY, CALIF. Location. The San Diego River has its source on the tableland in the Cuyamaca Mountains near Santa Ysabel, Calif., and flows south- westward 52 miles to the Pacific Ocean at the city of San Diego. Mission Bay Harbor is adjacent to the outlet of the San Diego River, 77 miles southeast of Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbors and 8 miles north of San Diego Harbor. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a leveed flood channel 800 feet wide with a capacity of 115,000 cubic feet per second, from 0.4 mile above Morena Boulevard, 3.3 miles directly to the ocean; alteration of a railroad bridge over the leveed river flood channel; dredging of an entrance channel 20 feet deep into Mission Bay, and in the bay a main channel and turning basin about 3,500 feet long and 1,000 feet wide, and 2 anchorage basins, one 3,000 feet long and 800 feet wide and the other about 1,600 feet long and 800 feet wide, all to a depth of 20 feet; and construction of 3 jetties at the entrance, and stone revetment for the banks of the entrance and main channels and turning basin. The latest (1956) approved estimated Federal cost of new work is $10,600,000 and the estimated cost of annual maintenance is $31,000 for the navigation improvement. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 760, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) This project modifies the flood- control project: "San Diego River Basin, Calif." (See H. Doc. 635, 77th Cong., 2d sess.) The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The diurnal range is 4.4 feet. The extreme range is 9.5 feet. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide the necessary bulkheading and give assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of the Army that they will (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands and rights-of-way, including spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction of the improvements; (2) make all necessary alterations to highway bridges, utilities, and side-drainage structures; (3) purchase and hold in the public interest those lands between the flood-control channel and Mission Bay that are west of United States Highway 101; (4) prepare project plans and con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DIST. 1501 struction schedules for the improvement of the bay area for park purposes, those plans and schedules to be subject to approval by the Secretary of the Army; (5) complete the improvements of the 8-foot dredging and the park development within 5 years after completion of the project; (6) provide adequate facilities for storage, mainte- nance, and supply of small craft; (7) maintain and operate the entire project, except maintenance of the jetties, the stone revetment constructed by the United States, and the project depths in areas dredged by the United States; (8) protect the carrying capacity of the flood-control channel from future encroachments or obstructions; and (9) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work. Local interests have furnished assurances specified by the act that were approved by the Secretary of the Army and have expended in excess of $8,000,000 toward fulfillment of the requirements of local cooperation. Work completed to date toward fulfilling the require- ments of local cooperation includes dredging of about 8,000,000 cubic yards in the west and east arms of Mission Bay, all to a depth of 8 feet; removing the Mission Boulevard bridge; completing a tem- porary bridge at Ventura Boulevard and new bridges at Midway Drive, U. S. 101, Sunset Cliffs Boulevard, and Morena Boulevard. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel-------- ----------- 20 August 1955. Main channel (pilot channel) -----.--.-------- ------------------------ 8 June 1951. Turning basin (pilot channel) ----- .---------------------------------- -- 8 Do. East anchorage basin (pilot channel) -.-. --. - ------- 8 Do. West anchorage basin...--------- ----- ----- 8 Do. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of (1) completing the dredging of the entrance channel by contract on July 23, 1955; and (2) completion of the operation and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds were $41,540 for new work performed by contract and $159 for new work performed by hired labor, a total of $41,699. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project as a whole is approximately 72 percent complete. The project plan for the entire project has been completed. Construction of the downcoast and middle jetties by contract was completed in November 1949. Construction of the north jetty by contract was completed in September 1950. Relocation of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway bridge by contract was completed in February 1951. Construction of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway bridge approaches by contract was completed in April 1951. Construc- tion of unit No. 1 of the flood channel by continuing contract was completed in August 1951. Construction of foundations for two navigation light towers near the ends of the middle and north jetties was completed in April 1952. Construction of stone- revetment bank protection by contract along the east shore of the main channel was completed in June 1952. Construction of unit No. 2 of the flood channel by contract was commenced in April 1951 and completed in June 1953. Sealing of the 1502 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 north jetty and construction of the north and south revetment were commenced in March 1955 and completed in May 1955. Dredging of the entrance channel to a depth of 20 feet and a width of 670 feet was commenced in December 1954 and completed in July 1955. Work remaining consists of dredging the main channel, a turning basin, and two anchorage basins; and revetment of slopes of re- sultant fills. Total costs for the existing period to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds.----------------------------- $7,300,749 -------------------- $7,300, 749 Total, Federal funds_ ----------------- 7,300,749 .-------------------- 7,300,749 Other funds-.................... ..... .-... Total, all funds----------------------....$7,300,749 -------------------- 1$7,300,749 1 Does not include $115,689 of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for betterments desired by local interests. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: $510,000----------- Appropriated-------........ -$25,810 $805,000------------ $7,314,190 Cost----------------628,453 $61,685 --3,510 755,806 $41,699 7,300,749 1Does not include $115,689 ofnon-Federal funds spent by the Corps forbetterments desired by local interests. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------------ $13, 441 10. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost toJune 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance San Luis Obispo Harbor, Calif---------------.-- 1937 $568,417.13 $64,715.08 (1) 1 Completed. 11. LOS ANGELES COUNTY DRAINAGE AREA, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvement is along the Los Angeles and San Gabriel Rivers, the Rio Hondo, and Ballona Creek, and tributaries thereof in Los Angeles County, Calif. Previous project. Prior to the authorization of the existing project, flood-control improvements in the Los Angeles metropolitan area were undertaken as emergency relief projects. For further details, see detailed report on pages 1768 to 1772, inclusive, of the Annual FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1503 Report for 1941, together with supplemental cost information on page 1602 of the Annual Report for 1942, on page 1535 of the Annual Report for 1943, and in footnote 3 of cost and financial summary for Los Angeles County drainage area, California, Federal funds, in the Annual Report for 1956. The general plan of improvement of the existing project. The plan of improvement (usually referred to as the general compre- hensive plan of improvement) provides for improvements in four stream basins in Los Angeles County, Calif., as follows: the Los Angeles River Basin, the San Gabriel River Basin, the Rio Hondo Basin, and the Ballona Creek Basin. All units of improvement under the comprehensive plan in the existing project and the estimated costs are listed in the following table; and pertinent information on the existing project, the local cooperation, the operations and results during fiscal year, and the condition at the end of fiscal year is given under subsequent subheadings for each stream basin. Latest approved estimated cost 1956 Project unit 1 Federal Local s Total LOSANGELES RIVER BASIN Blanchard channel ------------------------------------ $495,600 $110,000 $605,600 Blue Gum Canyon-------------------------------------........................................... 253,500 45,000 298,500 Burbank-Eastern system ------------------------------ 14,066, 600 290,000 14,356,600 Burbank-Western system (lower) - - - -- 1,258,500 390,400 1,648,900 Burbank-Western system (upper) _ ----- 6,774,800 2,300,000 9,074, 800 Caballero Creek- .......... 2,361,500 375.000 2,736,500 Compton Creek s -- -__ ----- ----- _-- 4,030,700 408,400 4,439,100 Dead Horse Canyon and Royal Boulevard channel- .-...... -864,200 132,000 996,200 Haines Canyon s----------- --------------- 524,700---------------- 524, 700 Hansen flood-control reservoir s Lopez Canyon diversion - ------------------------- 11,338,600 -------------- 11,338,600 --------- 929,900 300,000 1,229,900 Lopez flood-control Ri reservoir n627,600 ' - - - - - 627,600-------------- Los Angeles River channel: Owensmouth Ave. to Lankershim Blvd.'----- _--.....-- 15,601,800 3, 867,6040 19,469,400 Lankershim Blvd. to Stewart and Gray Rd. ...-----.....----... 2,936,700 -.. . 52,936,700 Stewart and Gray Rd. to Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Ry. bridge _--------------------------- 6,055,200 358,800 6,414,000 Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Ry. bridge to Pacific Ocean '_----------- i---------------------------- s 22,135,100 10,500,000 32,635,100 Los Angeles River channel, Long Branch Blvd. --------- (4)--- (4) Pacoima Wash channel '..---..-........- 3,209,400 1,327,500 4,536,900 Sepulveda flood-control reservoir _________________________ 6,655,500 -------------- 6,655,500 Sycamore Wash ' .............-- --........ --- 23,500 -------------- 23,500 Tujunga Wash channels-----. ----------------------- 7,604,300 2,207,600 9,811,900 Verdugo Wash, Concord St. to Upper Canada bridge '_...- - 850,300- -- - - 850,300 Verdugo Wash, Upper Canada bridge to debris basin----- - 1,696,900 90,000 1,786,900 Wilson Canyon and Mansfield St. channel-................... 3,562,400 800,000 4,362,400 Winery Canyon -------------------- ------------------- 913,100 110,000 1,023,100 Total----------- 164,770,40023,612,300 188,382,700 SAN GABRIEL RIVER BASIN Coyote Creek----- ------------------------------11,884,500 4,000,000 15,884,500 Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash a .... ________ 3,132,800 400,000 3,532,800 M arshall Creek_- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- - 1,768,600 175,000 1,943,600 Santa Fe flood-control reservoir '________..______ 12,647,200 -------------- 12,647,200 San Gabriel River channel: San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood-control reservoir 3s. 1,926,300---.......... 1,926,300 Santa Fe flood-control reservoir to Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir s________________________________ 7,181,700 1,345,000 8,526,700 Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir to Pacific Ocean-------------- ------------------ 9,977,700 350,000 10,327,700 Thomspon Creek and San Jose Wash 7,330,800 1,000,000 8,330,800 Walnut Walnut Creek system ..... _................................. _______________________________ 35,088,000 6,750,000 41,838,000 Walnut Creek inlet channel '-................ 3,104,500 525,000 3,629,500 Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir s.................... 32,300,000 -------------- 32,300,000 Total.... ................................. 126,342,100 14,545,000 140,887,100 1504 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Latest approved estimated cost 1956 PIroject Unit Federal 1 Local 2 Total RIO HONDO BASIN Alhambra Wash s ------------------------------------- 1,145,800 -------------- 1,145,800 3 system Arcadia Wash - - - - 3-----_------------------------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4,786,600 1,625,000 6,411,600 Eaton Wash s 4,389,200 1,030,000 5,419,200 Rio Hondo channel: Peck Road to Rosemead Blvd. (upper)---......... 4,944,200 1,750,000 6,694,200 Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir to Los Angeles t River (lower) sal -... -...-.............------------ 8,253,000 1,500,000 9,753,000 Rubio Canyon diversion 8...........---------- 1,464,200 415,000 1,879,200 Santa Anita Wash 3 -- -- s-------------- ----- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3,960,200 1,600,000 5,560,200 Sawpit Wash 3- - - -- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - 4,283,100 500,000 4,783,100 Sierra Madre Villa channel s . 992,900 130,000 1,122,900 Total-------------- -------------------------- 34,219,200 8,550,000 42,769,200 BALLONA CREEK BASIN Ballona Creek channel and jetties .-----------....------------ 2,821,700 -------------- 2, 821, 700 3----------------------------------- Benedict Canyon.. - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - 8,507,700 450,000 8,957,700 Centinela Creek 4,084,500 3,100,000 7,184,500 Higgins and Coldwater Canyons--.------------------------- 9,439,000 580,000 10,019,000 Sawtelle-Westwood systems 3--- ............---------.. . . 10,115,400 735,000 10, 850,400 Total ....-- ......................------------- 34,968,300 4,865,000 39,833,300 Grand total for comprehensive plan---..............-----....---------.. 360,300,000 51,572,300 411,872,300 1 Prepared by the District Engineer, Los Angeles District, on Apr. 20, 1956. 2 Approved by Los Angeles County Flood Control District on June 30, 1955. 3 The individual units have have been selected for construction are described in the following paragraphs. 4 Included under estimate for Lankershim Blvd. to Stewart and Gray Rd. LOS ANGELES RIVER BASIN Existing project. For the Los Angeles River Basin, the plan pro- vides for the Sepulveda, Hansen, and Lopez flood-control reservoirs, debris basins at the mouths of 17 tributary canyons, improvement of 49.07 miles of main channel and 53.42 miles of tributary channels, and reconstruction of 109 bridges. In general, standard project floods are used as channel-design floods and reservoir-design floods. Those units of improvement in the Los Angeles River Basin that are completed, under construction, or planned for early construction are described in following paragraphs. Pertinent information on author- izing acts for the existing project in the Los Angeles River Basin as well as in other stream basins is given under a subsequent heading, "Authorizing Acts." a. Burbank-Western system (lower). This unit is on Burbank Wash, a tributary of the Los Angeles River. The plan of improve- ment provides for a rectangular reinforced-concrete channel and appurtenant structures extending a distance of approximately 1.6 miles from Burbank Boulevard to above Victory Boulevard. The channel is designed with a width of 40 to 60 feet and with wall heights of 12 to 16 feet. The construction of 5 highway bridges and of 5 railroad bridges and the relocation of 5 sewer lines and of other public utilities are included in the plan. The channel is designed to provide adequate protection from erosion and overflow damage by uncontrolled floodwater of the Burbank-Western system for the residential and industrial properties in or adjacent to the valley area between Burbank Boulevard and the Los Angeles River. b. Burbank-Western system (upper). This unit is on Burbank FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1505 Wash, a tributary of the Los Angeles River. The plan of improvement includes provisions for a debris basin in La Tuna Canyon; a rein- forced-concrete channel extending downstream from the La Tuna Canyon debris basin to a junction with the Burbank-Western system (lower); the enlargement of the existing debris basin in Stough Canyon; and a reinforced-concrete channel, partly open and partly closed, from the Stough Canyon debris basin to the Burbank-Western channel. c. Compton Creek. This unit comprises two reaches: (1) Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain; and (2) Hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street. The downstream part (Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain) of the Compton Creek unit includes improvements, as follows: 3.5 miles of rectangular reinforced-concrete channel from a point upstream from the mouth of the Hooper Avenue storm drain to a point downstream from Greenleaf Avenue in the city of Compton; 0.5 mile of rock-paved trapezoidal channel downstream from Green- leaf Avenue; and 12 highway bridges and 2 railway bridges. This downstream part, including 2.5 miles of improvement completed between Alameda Street and the Los Angeles River under emergency relief projects, provides protection for a large part of the southern part of the city of Los Angeles and for the low-lying area in and around the city of Compton. The upstream part (Hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street) of the Compton Creek unit provides for an open,- rectangular con- crete channel from Main Street to the upper end of the existing concrete channel (a distance of 2.1 miles) and provides for the con- struction of 1 railroad bridge. d. Haines Canyon. This unit includes a rectangular reinforced- concrete channel of Haines Canyon from Plainview Avenue to the mouth of Haines Canyon (a distance of 1.8 miles), thus completing a channel 3.6 miles long from Tujunga Wash to the existing debris basin. The unit also includes reconstruction of the debris basin by construction of a reinforced-concrete spillway and outlet structure, enlargement of the earthfill embankment, and excavation in the basin. The debris basin and the channel between Tujunga Wash and Plain- view Avenue were constructed under emergency relief projects. The project intercepts the runoff from 7 square miles of mountainous terrain and protects the cities of Tujunga and Sunland. e. Hansen flood-control reservoir. This unit is on Tujunga Wash approximately 9.4 miles above its junction with the Los Angeles River. The unit includes a rolled earthfill dam with a length of 10,475 feet, a maximum height of 97 feet above streambed, and a flood-control reservoir with a capacity of about 32,000 acre-feet (Nov. 1945) at spillway crest (excluding 1,500 acre-feet of dead storage space) ; an uncontrolled spillway 284 feet in length, located near the center of the dam where bedrock is available; and outlet works through the dam near the center of the structure. The operation of the basin regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 147 square miles, reducing the flow of a design flood from 53,000 to 21,400 cubic feet per second. 1506 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 f. Lopez flood-control reservoir. This unit is located on Pacoima Wash approximately 6 miles above its confluence with Tujunga Wash. The improvement serves principally as a debris basin. The plans provide for a rolled earthfill dam with a length of about 1,300 feet, a maximum height of about 50 feet above streambed, and a debris control and flood-control reservoir with a capacity of about 300 acre-feet at spillway crest (Nov. 1954). The drainage area above the dam site is 34 square miles. The partly regulated and desilted outflows will discharge into the Pacoima Wash channel. g. Los Angeles River Channel, Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard. This unit comprises three reaches: (1) Owensmouth Avenue to Sepulveda flood-control reservoir; (2) Sepulveda flood- control reservoir to Tujunga Wash; and (3) Tujunga Wash to Lankershim Boulevard. The plan of improvement provides for a reinforced-concrete channel from Owensmouth Avenue to Lanker- shim Boulevard (a distance of 13.2 miles). h. Los Angeles River Channel, Lankershim Boulevard to Stewart and Gray Road. This unit comprises an upstream reach and a downstream reach. The upstream reach (Lankershim Boulevard to Niagara Street) is a rectangular concrete channel 1.7 miles in length. The plan of improvement for the downstream reach (Niagara Street to Stewart and Gray Road) provides for channel improve- ments along the Los Angeles River, as follows: A rectangular con- crete channel from Niagara Street to Burbank-Western Wash (1.7 miles) ; a trapezoidal channel with concrete slab or grouted-rock pro- tection from Burbank-Western Wash to a point about 1,400 feet above Dayton Avenue (7.5 miles); a channel with concrete invert and either sloping concrete sidewalls or vertical sheet steel-pile or concrete retaining walls, depending on rights-of-way available and the proximity of mainline railroads on each bank, from a point about 1,400 feet above Dayton Avenue to Soto Street (5.4 miles) ; a trapezo- dial channel with concrete slab or grouted-rock bank protection from Soto Street to Stewart and Gray Road (6.2 miles) ; and 4 highway bridges, 4 railroad bridges, and 1 footbridge. Additional work con- sists of repairs to invert at Spring, Main, and Alhambra Streets; and of paving of soft-bottom channels from Victory Boulevard to Dayton Avenue and from Soto Street to Stewart and Gray Road. i. Los Angeles River Channel, Stewart and Gray Road to Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge. The plan provides for levees with grouted-cobblestone bank protection and concrete-paved invert (a distance of 2.4 miles). The unit provides protection for the low-lying areas of Los Angeles, South Gate, and Lynwood to the west and South Gate to the east. j. Los Angeles River Channel, Santa- Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean. The plan of improve- ment provides for construction of a trapezoidal channel from the Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean ( a distance of 10.3 miles), with a paved invert upstream from Willow Street and a soft-bottom invert downstream from Willow Street. FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1507 k. Los Angeles River Channel, Long Beach Boulevard. The im- provement for this part of the unit from Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean, provides channel rectifica- tion of the Los Angeles River at Long Beach Boulevard for a distance of about 0.4 mile, by the removal of about 154,000 cubic yards of material. The improvement removed a constriction in the river channel upstream from the city of Long Beach. 1.Pacoima Wash Channel. This unit includes the following channel improvements extending from Lopez flood-control reservoir to the confluence with Tujunga Wash Channel: 5.9 miles of trapezoidal channel with reinforced-concrete invert and grouted-cobblestone slopes and with base width ranging from 10 to 35 feet; and 0.6 mile of rectangular reinforced-concrete channel with base widths of 30 and 55 feet. m. Sepulveda flood-control reservoir. This unit is on the upper Los Angeles River, approximately 43.1 miles above the mouth. The unit includes a rolled-earthfill dam with a length of 15,443 feet, a maxi. mum height of 57 feet above streambed, and a flood-control reservoir with a capacity of 17,440 acre-feet (Nov. 1955) at the top of the spillway-crest gates in the raised position; a spillway 399 feet in length, near the center of the dam; and outlet works through the dam near the center of the structure. The operation of the reservoir regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 152 square miles, reducing the flow of a design flood from 42,500 to 16,500 cubic feet per second. n. Sycamore Wash. This unit, which consists of 0.07 mile (mostly covered reinforced-concrete conduit) at the junction of Sycamore Wash with the Los Angeles River between San Fernando Road and the Southern Pacific Railroad, provides an outlet for the existing improved channel through the city of Glendale. That channel, in- cluding 0.6 mile of improved channel completed under emergency relief projects, will receive the runoff from an area of 7.7 square miles in the southern part of the city of Glendale. Local interests contemplate construction of a relief bypass channel, when required by future development. o. Tunjunga Wash Channel. This unit is an open rectangular concrete channel extending from the existing structure at Hansen flood-control reservoir to the Los Angeles River (a distance of 9.3 miles). The unit provides flood protection for residential areas in the San Fernando Valley. p. Verdugo Wash, Concord Street to Upper Canada bridge. This unit includes the following improvements along Verdugo Wash: 5.1 miles of reinforced-concrete channel connecting existing improved channels at both ends of the wash between Concord Street and Upper Canada Boulevard bridge, in the city of Glendale; and the removal and replacement of 15 street bridges, 1 railroad bridge, and 1 pedestrian bridge. The unit, including a debris basin and improved channel completed in part under Emergency Relief projects and in part by the Los Angeles County Flood Control District, provides protection for the city of Glendale. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the follow. ing units or parts of units in the Los Angeles River Basin; 1508 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Compton Creek, Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain. Haines Canyon, Plainview Avenue to debris basin. Hansen flood-control reservoir. Lopez flood-control reservoir. Los Angeles River channel: Lankershim Boulevard to Stewart and Gray Road. Long Beach Boulevard. Sepulveda flood-control reservoir. Sycamore Wash. Verdugo Wash, Concord Street to Upper Canada bridge. Local interests are required to furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, to bear the expense of all highway and highway-bridge modifications, to hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work, and to maintain and operate all the works after completion for the following units or parts of units in the Los Angeles River Basin: Blanchard Channel. Blue Gum Canyon. Burbank-Eastern system. Burbank-Western system (lower). Burbank-Western system (upper). Caballero Creek. Compton Creek, Hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street. Dead Horse Canyon and Royal Boulevard Channel. Haines Canyon, Tujunga Wash to Plainview Avenue. Lopez Canyon diversion. Los Angeles River Channel: Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard. Stewart and Gray Road to Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge. Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean. Pacoima Wash Channel. Tujunga Wash Channel. Verdugo Wash, Upper Canada bridge to debris basin. Wilson Canyon and Mansfield Street Channel. Winery Canyon. Operations and results during fiscal year. Information on opera- tions and results for the fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Los Angeles River Basin that are constructed, under construction, or planned for early construc- tion. a. Burbank-Western system (lower). No operations were per- formed during fiscal year. b. Burbank-Western system (upper). Operations consisted of initiating the preparation of contract plans and specifications. The costs from regular funds were $16,969 for new work pdrformed by hired labor. c. Compton Creek. Operations consisted of maintaining the chan- nel in good operating condition from Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain. The costs from regular funds were $4,090 for maintenance performed by hired labor. One moderate and one minor storm occurred on January 26 and April 12, 1956, producing peak discharges of 4,800 and 850 cubic feet per second, respectively, the larger discharge being 53 percent of channel capacity. FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1509 d. Haines Canyon. Operations consisted of maintaining the chan- nel upstream from Plainview Avenue and the debris basin in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $448 for maintenance performed by hired labor. No major storms occurred in this area, and deposit of detrital material in the basin was negligible. e. Hansen flood-control reservoir. Operations consisted of main- taining the dam in good operating condition and administering real estate. The costs from regular funds were $5 for new work per- formed by contract and $25,218 for maintenance performed by hired labor. The total costs were $25,223. Inflow into the reservoir was negligible, and no flood releases from the reservoir were made. The maximum water in storage was 2,100 acre-feet, or 6 percent of the gross storage capacity at spill- way crest. f. Lopez flood-control reservoir. Operations consisted of maintain- ing the dam in good operating condition and continuation of work on the operation and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds were $428 for new work performed by contract and were $1,897 for new work and $2,758 for maintenance, all performed by hired labor. The-total costs were $5,083. Reservoir storage was negligible. g. Los Angeles River Channel, Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard. Operations consisted of continuation of work on con- struction of part 7, Corbin Avenue to Reseda Boulevard, in reach 1. The costs from regular funds for new work were $649,757 for work performed by contract and $37,012 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $686,769. h. Los Angeles River Channel, Lankershim Boulevard to Stewart and Gray Road. Operations consisted of continuing the rock paving of soft-bottom section, Victory Boulevard to Dayton Avenue; initia- tion of concrete paving of soft-bottom section, Soto Street to Stewart and Gray Road; and maintaining the channel in good operating con- dition. Repairs to the unreinforced invert at Main and Alhambra Streets were completed. The costs from regular funds were $2,208,163 for new work performed by contract and were $58,148 for new work and $42,924 for maintenance, all performed by hired labor. The"total costs were $2,309,235. Two minor storms occurred on January 26 and April 12, 1956, producing peak discharges of 7,900 and 3,200 cubic feet per second, respectively, at Mariposa Street, the larger discharge being 14 per- cent of channel capacity. At Dayton Avenue, the peak discharges were 15,500 and 4,100 cubic feet per second, respectively, the larger discharge being 18 percent of channel capacity. At Firestone Boule- vard, the peak discharges were 28,900 and 6,300 cubic feet per sec- ond, respectively, the larger discharge being 26 percent of channel capacity. i. Los Angeles River Channel, Stewart and Gray Road to Santa. Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge. Operations consisted of initiation of work on the operation and maintenaice manual. The costs from regular funds for new work were $9 for work performed 1510 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 by contract and $89 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $98. j. Los Angeles River Channel, Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean. Operations included completion of construction on (1) part 4, 20th Street to Willow Street; (2)part 5, Willow Street to Wardlow Road; (3) part 6, Wardlow Road to Car- son Street; and (4) part 12, Compton Boulevard to Pacific Electric Railway; and initiation of construction on (1) part 7, Carson Street to Dominguez Street; (2) part 10, Atlantic Boulevard to 63d Street; and (3) part 11, Compton Boulevard to Atlantic Boulevard. Con- tract plans and specifications were under preparation for part 8 (Dominguez Street to Long Beach Boulevard) and part 9 (Long Beach Boulevard to 63d Street). The costs from regular funds for new work were $7,092,838 for work performed by contract and $53,966 for work performed by hired labor.' The total costs were $7,146,804. k. Los Angeles River Channel, Long Beach Boulevard. No opera- tions were performed during the fiscal year. 1. Pacoima Wash Channel. No operations were performed during the fiscal year. m. Sepulveda flood-control reservoir. Operations consisted of maintaining the dam in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $29,140 for maintenance performed by hired labor. One moderate storm occurred during the year on January 26, 1956, which produced a peak inflow and outflow of 4,700 cubic feet per second. Reservoir peak storage was 52 acre-feet, or less than 1 percent of gross storage capacity at spillway crest. n. Sycamore Wash. No operations were performed during the fiscal year. One minor storm occurred on January 26, 1956, produc- ing a peak discharge of 820 cubic feet per second, which is approxi- mately 33 percent of channel capacity. o. Tujunga Wash Channel. No operations were performed during the fiscal year. p. Verdugo Wash, Concord Street to Upper Canada bridge. Opera- tions during the fiscal year consisted of maintaining the section of channel from Concord Street to the Los Angeles River. The costs from regular funds were $96 for maintenance performed by hired labor. One minor storm occurred on January 26, 1956, producing a peak discharge of 3,400 cubic feet per second, which is approximately 8 percent of channel capacity. Condition at end of fiscal year. Information on condition at the end of fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Los Angeles River Basin that are constructed, under construction, or planned for early construction. a. Burbank-Western system (lower). This unit was completed in 1949. No work remains to be done. b. Burbank-Western system (upper). The definite project plan was approved in 1949. Work remaining to be done consists of com- pletion of contract plans and specifications and construction of unit. c. Compton Creek. The condition of the two reaches is as follows: FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1511 The downstream part (Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain) of the Compton Creek unit was completed in 1939. Work re- maining consists of grouting the rock paving in vicinity of the Pacific Electric Railway bridge and reimbursements to local interests for rights-of-way. The upstream part (Hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street) of the Compton Creek unit was completed in 1951. Construction by continuing contract of the reach from Hooper Avenue storm drain to Lanzit Avenue was completed in January 1951. Construction by contract of the reach from Lanzit Avenue to Main Street was com- pleted in November 1951. No work remains to be done. d. Haines Canyon. This unit was completed in 1938. Work re- maining consists of reimbursements to local interests for rights-of- way. e. Hansen flood-control reservoir. The dam was completed in April 1940. Work remaining consists of preparation of master planning report and reimbursement to local interests for rights-of- way. f. Lopez flood-control reservoir. The dam was completed in November 1954. Work remaining consists of completion of the operation and maintenance manual. g. Los Angeles River Channel, Owensmouth Avenue to Lanker- shim Boulevard. The condition of the three reaches is as follows: Owensmouth Avenue to Sepulveda flood-control reservoir Con- struction of part 6 (Reseda Boulevard to Sepulveda flood-control reservoir) was completed in 1955. Work remaining consists of com- pleting construction of part 7 (Corbin Avenue to Reseda Boulevard) and completing the contract plans and specifications and construction of part 8 (Owensmouth Avenue to Corbin Avenue). Sepulveda flood-control reservoir to Tujunga Wash: Construc- tion was completed in 1953. No work remains to be done. Tujunga Wash to Lankershim Boulevard: Construction was com- pleted in 1949. No work remains to be done. h,. Los Angeles River Channel, Lankershim Boulevard to Stewart and Gray Road. The channel from Lankershim Boulevard to Niagara Street was completed in 1948. Channel improvement and bridge re- construction from Niagara Street to Dayton Avenue bridge, except .the Burbank-Western side-drainage channel, were completed in 1939. The inlet structure for Burbank-Western channel was completed in 1940. Channel improvement from Dayton Avenue bridge to Arroyo Seco was completed in 1940; Arroyo Seco to North Broadway, in 1942; North Broadway to Aliso Street, in 1943; Aliso Street to 4th Street, in 1941; 4th Street to 23d Street, in 1940; 23d Street to Dow- ney Road, in 1940; Downey Road to Atlantic Avenue, in 1940; At- lantic Avenue to Randolph Street, in 1942; Randolph Street to Stewart and Gray Road, in 1942 (except reconstruction of Firestone Boulevard bridge, which was completed in 1949). Channel stabilizers between Stewart and Gray Road and Randolph Street were completed in 1940, and 3 additional stabilizers were constructed in 1944. Two stabilizers were constructed by hired labor in 1949 between Los Feliz Boulevard and Verdugo Wash. Replacement of unreinforced invert at Spring Street was completed in 1955 and replacement. of 1512 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 unreinforced invert at Main and Alhambra Streets was completed in 1955. Work remaining to be done consists of reimbursement to local interests for rights-of-way; and completion of paving of the soft-bottom sections, Victory Boulevard to Dayton Avenue, and Soto Street to Stewart and Gray Road. i. Los Angeles River Channel, Stewart and Gray Road to Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge. Construction by contract of the reach from Stewart and Gray Road to Imperial Highway was completed in December 1951. The reach from Imperial Highway to station 570 was completed in November 1951. Construction by con- tinuing contract of the reach from station 570 to station 560 was com- pleted in February 1954. No work remains to be done. j. Los Angeles River Channel, Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway to Pacific Ocean. Project plan is complete. Construction was completed on reaches of the channel as follows: (1) Pacific Ocean to 7th Street, in December 1953; (2) 7th Street to 20th Street, in May 1955; (3) 20th Street to Carson Street, in January 1956; and (4) Compton Boulevard to the Pacific Electric Railway, in February 1956. Work remaining consists of completion of contract plans and specifications, completion of construction, and repairing of damage to part 6 (Wardlow Road to Carson Street) caused by January 1956 floods. k. Los Angeles River Channel, Long Beach Boulevard. Removal of a constriction caused by silt deposit at this point was completed in 1938. No work remains to be done. 1. Pacoima Wash Channel. This unit was completed in 1954. Con- struction by continuing contracts of the reach from Tujunga Wash to Arleta Avenue was completed in December 1953, and from Arleta Avenue to Lopez flood-control reservoir, in April 1954. No work re- mains to be done. m. Sepulveda flood-control reservoir. The dam was completed in December 1941. Work remaining consists of preparation of master planning report and reimbursement to local interests for rights-of-way. n. Sycamore Wash. This unit was completed in 1937. Work re- maining consists of reimbursement to local interests for rights-of- way. o. Tujunga Wash Channel. This unit was completed in 1952. Con- struction by contract of the reach from Los Angeles River to Mag- nolia Boulevard was completed in May 1950. Construction by con- tinuing contract of the reach from Magnolia Boulevard to Vanowen Street was completed in January 1952. Construction by contract of the reach from Vanowen Street to Beachy Avenue was completed in November 1951. Construction by continuing contract of the reach from Beachy Avenue to Hansen flood-control reservoir was com- pleted in February 1952. No work remains to be done. p. Verdugo Wash, Concord Street to Upper Canada bridge. This unit was completed in 1939. Work remaining consists of reimburse- ment to local interests for rights-of-way. SAN GABRIEL RIVER BASIN Existing project. For the San Gabriel River Basin, the plan pro- vides for the Santa Fe and Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoirs, FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1513 debris basins at the mouth of 7 tributary canyons, improvement of 35.6 miles of main channel and 69.16 miles of tributary channels, and reconstruction of 142 bridges. In general, standard project floods are used as channel-design floods and reservoir-design floods. Those units of improvement in the San Gabriel River Basin that are com- pleted, under construction, or planned for early construction are de- scribed in following paragraphs. Pertinent information on authoriz- ing acts for the existing project in the San Gabriel River Basin as well as in other stream basins is given under a subsequent heading, "Authorizing Acts." a. Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash. This unit is in the San Gabriel River Basin about 4 miles from the San Bernardino County line. The plan of improvement for Emerald Wash provides for con- struction of (1) a debris basin with a capacity of 20,000 cubic yards on Emerald Wash and one with a capacity of 60,000 cubic yards on the east branch of Emerald Wash; and (2) an open, rectangular con- crete channel, ranging in width from 12 to 24 feet, from the debris basin to Puddingstone Reservoir, a distance of 3.1 miles. The East Branch channel from the proposed debris basin to the proposed Emerald Wash channel, a distance of 0.1 mile, will be an open, rectangular concrete channel with a width of 14 feet. The plan of im- provement for Live Oak Wash provides for a debris basin with a capacity of 35,000 cubic yards; and an open, rectangular concrete channel, ranging in width from 18 to 20 feet, from the debris basin to Emerald Wash, a distance of 1.8 miles. b. Santa Fe flood-control reservoir. This unit is on the San Gabriel River, approximately 29 miles upstream from the mouth. The improvement is a rolled-earthfill dam 23,800 feet long and 92 feet in maximum height above streambed, with a flood-control reser- voir of 34,300-acre-foot capacity at spillway crest; an uncontrolled spillway 1,200 feet in length, near the right abutment; and outlet works through the dam near the center of the structure. The opera- tion of the reservoir regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 236 square miles, reducing the flow of the design flood from 96,000 to 39,100 cubic feet per second. c. San Gabriel River Channel, San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood-control reservoir. The improvement includes the raising and strengthening of existing levees between the mouth of San Gabriel Canyon and the Santa Fe flood-control reservoir, a distance of 3.4 miles. This unit will confine the channel-design flood on the upper San Gabriel River to its present course, will prevent flanking of the Santa Fe flood-control reservoir, and will protect the built-up areas in the vicinity of Azusa. d. San Gabriel River channel, Santa Fe flood-control reservoir to Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir. This unit includes im- provement of the main channel of the San Gabriel River between the 2 flood-control reservoirs, a distance of 6.25 miles, by construction of an excavated channel and earth levees faced with reinforced-concrete slabs. As a result, outlet flows from the Santa Fe flood-control reser- voir and inflows from the proposed Walnut Creek system and from local side-drainage and storm drains will flow safely through rapidly 1514 REPORT OF THE CHIEP OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY,1956 developing residential, commercial, and industrial districts into the upstream part of the Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir. The channel, with levee side slopes of 1 vertical on 21/4 horizontal, will range in bottom width from about 300 to 400 feet and will range in depth from 9 to 15 feet. e. Walnut Creek system. This unit includes (1) 2 debris basins in the foothills at the upstream end of Big Dalton Wash; (2) channel improvements along Walnut Creek upstream from its confluence with Big Dalton Wash, a distance of 6.85 miles; (3) channel im- provements on Big Dalton Wash, a distance of 10.6 miles from its con- fluence with Walnut Creek to the debris basins; (4) channel improve- ments on Little Dalton Wash, a distance of 6.4 miles from its confluence with Big Dalton Wash to the toe of the ogee of the existing debris basin; and (5) channel improvements on San Dimas Wash, a distance of 8.3 miles from its confluence with Big Dalton Wash to the existing Puddingstone diversion dam in San Dimas Canyon. The sys- tem will carry flows from the channel-design flood safely through an area rapidly developing for residential, commercial, and industrial uses. f. Walnut Creek Inlet Channel. This unit includes improvement of the channel of Walnut Creek from its confluence with Big Dalton Wash downstream to its confluence with San Gabriel River Channel upstream from the Southern Pacific Railway bridge, a distance of 2.25 miles. The plan of improvement provides for an excavated channel with bottom width of 300 feet, earthfill levees, total depth of 14 feet, and revetted side slopes of 1 vertical on 3 horizontal. This unit will confine flows of the channel-design flood delivered to it from the upstream tributaries and will collect side-drainage and storm- drain flows in order to protect a rapidly developing residential, com- mercial, and industrial area. g. Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir. This unit is on the main channels of the Rio Hondo and the San Gabriel River 10 miles east of the city of Los Angeles and between 3 and 4 miles downstream from the city of El Monte, Calif. The plan of improvement provides for a rolled-earthfill dam with gated flood-control outlets discharging into the Rio Hondo channel and gated spillway outlets discharging into the San Gabriel River channel. The capacity of the flood-control reservoir is 35,000 acre- feet at spillway crest. The operation of the reservoir will regulate the runoff from a tributary area of 554 square miles, including 236 square miles from which runoff is now controlled at Santa Fe flood- control reservoir, reducing the flow of the design flood from 70,000 to 40,000 cubic feet per second. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the follow- ing units or parts of units in the San Gabriel River Basin: Santa Fe flood-control reservoir. San Gabriel River Channel, San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood-control reservoir. Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir. Local interests are required to furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, to bear the expense of all highway and highway- FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1515 bridge modifications, to hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work, and to maintain and operate all the works after completion for the following units or parts of units in the San Gabriel River Basin: Coyote Creek. Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash. Marshall Creek. San Gabriel River Channel: Santa Fe flood-control reservoir to Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir. Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir to the Pacific Ocean. Thompson Creek and San Jose Wash. Walnut Creek system. Walnut Creek Inlet Channel. Operations and results during fiscal year. Information on opera- tions and results for the fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the San Gabriel River Basin that are constructed, under construction, or planned for early construc- tion. a. Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash. No operations were per- formed during the fiscal year. b. Santa Fe flood-control reservoir. Operations consisted of main- taining the dam in good condition and initiating work on the opera- tion and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds were $26,024 for maintenance performed by hired labor. One minor storm occurred during the year on January 26, 1956, producing a peak inflow of 1,900 cubic feet per second. No releases from the reservoir were made. The maximum water in storage was 450 acre-feet, or approximately 1 percent of the gross storage capacity at spillway crest. c. San Gabriel River Channel, San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood-control reservoir. Operations consisted of maintaining the channel in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $1,713 for maintenance performed by hired labor. d. San Gabriel River Channel, Santa Fe flood-control reservoir to Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir. Operations performed during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of work on the project plan. The costs from regular funds for new work were $13,515 for work performed by contract and $32,725 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $46,240. e. Walnut Creek system. Operations performed during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of work on the project plan. The costs from regular funds were $3,265 for new work performed by hired labor. f. Walnut Creek Inlet Channel. Operations performed during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of work on the project plan. The costs from regular funds for new work were $4,769 for work performed by contract and $66,729 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $71,498. g. Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir. Operations were as follows: Construction of the west embankment, outlet works, Rio Hondo approach channel, San Jose diversion channel, operational buildings, and installation of spillway gates and operating equipment 1516 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 were completed. Preparation of operating and maintenance manual was initiated. The costs from regular funds were $1,380,809 for new work performed by contract and were $173,866 for new work and $15,286 for maintenance, all performed by hired labor. The total costs were $1,569,961. Only minor flood operations were performed to pass a peak dis- charge from the Rio Hondo of 10,000 cubic feet per second through the reservoir on January 26, 1956. A peak discharge from the San Gabriel River of 12,000 cubic feet per second on January 26 passed through the spillway without any flood operations. Condition at end of fiscal year. Information on condition at the end of fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the San Gabriel River Basin that are constructed, under construction, or planned for early construction. a. Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash. This unit is about 14 per- cent complete. Construction by continuing contract of the reach from A Street to D Street was completed in December 1950. Work remaining consists of completing the project plan and contract plans and specifications, and construction of the remainder of the channel. b. Santa Fe flood-control reservoir. This unit was completed in January 1949. Work remaining consists of preparation of master planning report, completion of the operation and mainte- nance manual, and rights-of-way transactions. c. San Gabriel River channel, San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood-control reservoir. This unit was completed in 1947. Repair work to the existing right-bank levee to protect against flanking of Santa Fe flood-control reservoir was completed in 1943. No work remains to be done. d. San Gabriel River channel, Santa Fe flood-control reservoir to Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir. The project plan is 50 percent complete. Work remaining consists of completion of project plan and plans and specifications, and construction of unit. e. Walnut Creek system. The project plan is 25 percent complete. Work remaining consists of completion of project plan and plans and specifications, and construction of unit. f. Walnut Creek Inlet Channel. The project plan is 55 percent complete. Work remaining consists of completion of project plan and plans and specifications, and construction of unit. g. Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir. This unit is about 99 percent complete. Work remaining consists of (1) completion of diversion dike, (2) completion of utility relocations, (3) paving of access roads, (4) providing operator's quarters, (5) protection work for oil wells and oil refinery, (6) alterations for automatic operation of one outlet gate, (7) completion of work on the operation and main- tenance manual, and (8) preparation of master planning report. RIO HONDO BASIN Existing project. For the Rio Hondo Basin the plan provides for debris basins at the mouths of 7 tributary canyons, improvement of 14.07 miles of main channel and 36.35 miles of tributary channels, and reconstruction of 65 bridges. In general, standard project floods are used as channel-design floods. Those units of improvement in FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1517 the Rio Hondo Basin that are completed, under construction, or planned for early construction are described in following paragraphs. Pertinent information on authorizing acts for the existing project in the Rio Hondo Basin as well as in other stream basins is given under a subsequent heading, "Authorizing Acts." a. Alhambra Wash. This unit includes channel improvements along Alhambra Wash, as follows: 7.1 miles of rectangular rein- forced-concrete channel ranging in width from 18 to 40 feet to close gaps and extend the channel from Huntington Drive to the Rio Hondo; and 12 bridges (6 highway, 2 railroad, 3 farm, and 1 pedes- trian). The project intercepts the runoff from 14.3 square miles of highly developed area in the cities of Alhambra, Pasadena, San Marino, and San Gabriel. b. Arcadia Wash system. This unit is in the Rio Hondo Basin about 6 miles upstream from the Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir. The plan of improvement provides for construction of an open, rectangular concrete channel, ranging in width from 4 to 32 feet, as follows: Lima Street Branch from 2 debris basins in the San Gabriel Mountains downstream a distance of 2.5 miles to the confluence with Main Branch; Baldwin Avenue Branch from a debris basin in the San Gabriel Mountains downstream a distance of 1.8 miles to the confluence with Main Branch; East Branch from Orange Grove Avenue downstream a distance of 1.8 miles to the confluence with the main channel; main channel from Baldwin Avenue Branch downstream a distance of 4.3 miles to the confluence with the Rio Hondo; and 3 rolled-earthfill debris basins, Carter, Auburn, and Bailey. Carter debris basin, with a design capacity of 19,000 cubic yards, is at the head of the Baldwin Avenue Branch of Arcadia Wash; Auburn debris basin, with a design capacity of 35,000 cubic yards, is at the head of the Auburn Avenue Branch of Arcadia Wash; Bailey debris basin, with a design capacity of 124,000 cubic yards, is at the head of Lima Street Branch of Arcadia Wash. c. Eaton Wash. The plan of improvement for this unit provides for a reinforced-concrete channel, ranging in width from 25 to 60 feet, from the outlet of Eaton Dam to a junction with the Rio Hondo (a distance of 7.6 miles). The plan of improvement provides for the reconstruction of 2 railroad bridges. d. Rio Hondo Channel, Peck Road to Rosemead Boulevard (up- per). The plan of improvement for this unit provides for a trape- zoidal channel with concrete-paved side slopes and with invert rang- ing in width from 80 to 200 feet from Peck Road to Rosemead Boulevard (a distance of 5.4 miles). e. Rio Hondo Channel, Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir to the Los Angeles River (lower). The plan of improvement for this unit provides for the construction of a trapezoidal channel with rein- forced-concrete invert ranging in width from 90 to 180 feet and with grouted-stone and reinforced-concrete side slopes. The improvement extends from Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir to the Los Angeles River (a distance of 7.75 miles). f. Rubio Canyon diversion. The plan of improvement for this unit provides for improvement of the existing Rubio debris basin at the 1518 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 junction of Rubio and Las Flores Canyons and for a rectangular con- crete channel 16 feet wide to divert the flow from that debris basin to Eaton Wash (a distance of 1.2 miles). The existing Rubio debris basin, with a tributary drainage area of 1.82 square miles, now has a debris-storage capacity of 134,000 cubic yards. Another existing debris basin (Las Flores debris basin) now has a debris-storage capacity of 56,000 cubic yards. Total capacity of the two now is 190,000 cubic yards, which can be increased to a total of 225,000 cubic yards by excavation of debris and of earth berms. Covered sections are provided at street crossings over the concrete channel in lieu of bridges. A closed-box section is provided for 0.75 mile of the channel. g. Santa Anita Wash. The plan of improvement for this unit pro- vides for a debris basin near the mouth of Santa Anita Canyon; a rectangular reinforced-concrete channel with widths ranging from 40 to 50 feet and depths of 9 to 17 feet along Santa Anita Wash from the debris basin to its confluence with the Rio Hondo, a distance of about 5.25 miles; and a 12- by 12-foot rectangular reinforced-con- crete channel along the downstream part of the existing Sierra Madre Wash Channel, a distance of about 0.3 mile, between Orange Grove Avenue and Santa Anita Wash. The channels are designed to carry flows from the channel-design flood through a highly developed residential, commercial, and industrial area. h. Sawpit Wash. This unit is in the Rio Hondo Basin about 7 miles upstream from the Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir. The plan of improvement provides for construction of (1) an open, rec- tangular concrete channel, ranging in width from 25 to 30 feet, from the debris basin downstream to the confluence with the Rio Hondo, a distance of 4.9 miles; and (2) Sawpit Wash debris basin, a rolled- earthfill debris basin with a design capacity of 600,000 cubic yards. The unit is on Sawpit Wash above Monrovia, Calif. i. Sierra Madre Villa Channel. The plan of improvement for this unit provides for a debris basin with a storage capacity of 350,000 cubic yards in Pasadena Glen below Hastings Canyon and a rectan- gular concrete channel with covered sections at streets. The channel extends for 0.81 mile from the debris basin to Eaton Wash. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the follow- ing unit in the Rio Hondo Basin: Alhambra Wash. Local interests are required to furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, to bear the expense of all highway and highway-bridge modifications, to hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work, and to maintain and operate all the works after completion for the following units or parts of units in the Rio Hondo Basin: Arcadia Wash system. Eaton Wash. Rio Hondo Channel: Peck Road to Rosemead Boulevard (upper). Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir to Los Angeles River (lower). FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1519 Rubio Canyon diversion. Santa Anita Wash. Sawpit Wash. Sierra Madre Villa Channel. Operations and results during fiscal year. Information on opera- tions and results for the fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Rio Hondo Basin that are con- structed, under construction, or planned for early construction. a. Alhambra Wash. Operations performed during the fiscal year were maintaining the channel in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $2,636 for maintenance performed by hired labor. One minor storm occurred on January 26, 1956, producing a peak discharge of 4,500 cubic feet per second, which is approximately 36 percent of channel capacity. b. Arcadia Wash system. Operations performed during the fiscal year on the project, which consists of 1 main flood channel, 3 tribu- tary channels, and 3 debris basins, Carter, Auburn, and Bailey, were the completion of construction of the main channel, part 1 (Rio Hondo to Huntington Place), and initiation of construction on part 2 (Lima Street Branch) and part 4 (East Branch). The project plan and contract plans and specifications for the remainder of the unit were completed. Preparation of operation and maintenance manuals was initiated. The costs from regular funds for new work were $1,251,808 for work performed by contract and $160,466 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $1,412,274. c. Eaton Wash. Operations performed during the fiscal year con- sisted of completion of construction of part 1 (Encinita Avenue to Rio Hondo) and initiation of construction of part 2 (Huntington Drive to Encinita Avenue). The costs from regular funds for new work were $1,176,619 for work performed by contract and $62,397 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $1,239,016. d. Rio Hondo Channel, Peck Road to Rosemead Boulevard (upper). Operations during the fiscal year consisted of completion of the proj- ect plan and initiation of construction on part 1 (Rosemead Boule- vard to Valley Boulevard). The costs from regular funds for new work were $348,330 for work performed by contract and $13,871 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $362,201. e. Rio Hondo Channel, Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir to Los Angeles River (lower). Operations performed during the fiscal year consisted of construction of part 4 (Washington Boule- vard to Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir). The costs from regular funds for new work were $2,089,528 for work performed by contract and $83,126 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $2,172,654. f. Rubio Canyon diversion. Operations performed during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of work on the project plan. The costs from regular funds for new work were $279 for work performed by contract and $15,519 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $15,798. 1520 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 g. Santa Anita Wash. Operations performed during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of work on the project plan. The costs from regular funds were $41,072 for new work performed by hired labor. h. Sawpit Wash. Operations performed during the fiscal year on the project, which consists of a flood channel and debris basin, were completion of construction of part 2 (Duarte Road to debris basin) and initiation of work on operation and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds for new work were $750,153 for work per- formed by contract and $10,096 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $760,249. i. Sierra Madre Villa Channel. No operations were performed during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. Information on condition at the end of fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Rio Hondo Basin that are constructed, under construction, or planned for early construction. a. Alhamba Wash. This unit was completed in 1939. Work re- maining consists of reimbursement to local interests for rights-of- way. b. Arcadia Wash system. Carter, Auburn, and Bailey debris basins were completed in December 1954. The main channel, Rio Hondo to Huntington Place, was completed in January 1956. Work remain- ing consists of completion of construction of parts 2 and 4, construc- tion of part 3 (Baldwin Avenue Branch), and completion of the oper- ation and maintenance manuals. c. Eaton Wash. The project plan (including the project plan for Sierra Madre Villa channel) has been completed. Construction by continuing contract was completed in March 1956 on the reach from Encinita Avenue to Rio Hondo. Work remaining consists of com- pletion of construction of the reach from Huntington Drive to En- cinita Avenue, completion of contract plans and specifications, and construction of the remainder of the channel. d. Rio Hondo Channel, Peck Road to Rosemead Boulevard (upper). The project plan is complete. Work remaining to be done consists of completing plans and specifications and of constructing the unit. e. Rio Hondo Channel, Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir to Los Angeles River (lower). Construction by contract of the reach from Union Pacific Railroad to Southern Pacific Railway was com- pleted in December 1951. Construction by contract of the reach from Southern Pacific Railway to Santa Ana Freeway was completed in January 1954. Construction by continuing contract was com- pleted in December 1954 on the reach from Washington Boulevard to Santa Ana Freeway. Construction by continuing contract of the reach from Washington Boulevard to Whittier Narrows Reservoir was completed in March 1956. No work remains to be done. f. Rubio Canyon diversion. The project plan is 65 percent com- plete. Work remaining consists of completion of project plan, plans and specifications, and construction. g. Santa Anita Wash. The project plan is 90 percent complete. FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1521 Work remaining to be done consists of completion of project plan, plans and specifications, and construction. h. Sawpit Wash. The debris basin was completed in January 1955. Construction of the reach from Duarte Road to debris basin was com- pleted in January 1956. Work remaining to be done consists of con- struction of part 1 (Duarte Road to Rio Hondo) and completion of the operation and maintenance manual. i. Sierra Madre Villa Channel. See preceding paragraph on Eaton Wash. BALLONA CREEK BASIN Existing project. For Ballona Creek Basin, the plan provides for debris basins at the mouths of 2 canyons, 2 jetties at the mouth of Ballona Creek, improvement of 2.39 miles of main channel and 23.67 miles of tributary channels, and reconstruction of 12 bridges. In general, standard project floods are used as channel-design floods. Those units of improvement in the Ballona Creek Basin that are com- pleted, under construction, or planned for early construction are described in following paragraphs. Pertinent information on author- izing acts for the existing project in the Ballona Creek Basin as well as in other stream basins is given under a subsequent heading, "Authorizing Acts." a. Ballona Creek Channel and jetties. This unit includes channel improvements along Ballona Creek, as follows: 1.76 miles of rec- tangular reinforced-concrete channel between Redondo and Wash- ington Boulevards; 1.66 miles of rectangular concrete conduit with trapezoidal high-water section between Washington Boulevard and La Salle Street; 5.53 miles of trapezoidal stone-paved section be- tween La Salle Street and the ocean; 2 heavy-stone jetties extending into the ocean for approximately 800 feet to insure a free channel at the outlet; 14 highway bridges, 2 railroad bridges, and the sub- structure for a future highway bridge; a'temporary highway bridge and a temporary railroad bridge; and large regulating gates at the mouth of Playa del Rey Lagoon to allow free tidal action within the lagoon. The unit povides drainage for 130 square miles of area in West Los Angeles and, when side-drainage channels are provided, will control floods in West Los Angeles, Venice, Culver City, and Beverly Hills. b. Centinela Creek. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a rectangular reinforced-concrete channel approxi- mately 44 feet in width from the Pacific Electric Railway bridge downstream to the confluence with Ballona Creek, a distance of 2.3 miles. c. Sawtelle-Westwood system. This unit, which is on the southern slopes of the Santa Monica Mountains, is about 4 miles northeast of the city of Santa Monica. The unit extends from a debris basin north of Sunset Boulevard to the confluence with Ballona Creek, 3.46 miles from the Pacific Ocean. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of rectan- gular reinforced-concrete channels, as follows: Westwood Branch 1522 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 from a debris basin in the Santa Monica Mountains downstream a distance of 5.7 miles to the confluence with Sawtelle Branch; Saw- telle Branch from Pearl Street a distance of 1.6 miles to the con- fluence with Westwood Branch; and the Sawtelle-Westwood channel from that confluence to Ballona Creek, a distance of 2.2 miles. The plan includes construction of 4 highway bridges and 2 covered sec- tions in Westwood Branch. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the follow- ing unit in the Ballona Creek Basin: Ballona Creek channel and jetties. Local interests are required to furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, to bear the expense of all highway and highway- bridge modifications, to hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work, and to maintain and operate all the works after completion for the following units or parts of units in the Ballona Creek Basin: Benedict Canyon. Centinela Creek. Higgins and Coldwater Canyons. Sawtelle-Westwood system. Operations and results during fiscal year. Information on opera- tions and results for the fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Ballona Creek Basin that are constructed, under construction, or planned for early construction. a. Ballona Creek Channel and jetties. Operations consisted of maintaining the channel and jetties in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $3,961 for maintenance performed by hired labor. One moderate and one minor storm occurred on January 26 and April 12, 1956, producing peak discharges of 18,600 and 4,260 cubic feet per second, respectively, the larger peak discharge being ap- proximately 50 percent of channel capacity. b. Centinela Creek. Operations consisted of continuing prepara- tion of the project plan. The costs from regular funds were $1,398 for new work performed by hired labor. c. Sawtelle-Westwood system. Operations consisted of continuing preparation of the project plan and initiation of construction on part 4 (Charnock Road to National Boulevard). The costs from regular funds for new work were $209,816 for work performed by contract and $59,991 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $269,807. Condition at end of fiscal year. Information on condition at the end of fiscal year is given in following paragraphs for those units or parts of units in the Ballona Creek Basin that are constructed, un- der construction, or planned for early construction. a. Ballona Creek Channel and jetties. The channel was completed in 1939 and the jetties at the outlet, in 1940. Work remaining con- sists of grouting of stone paving and reimbursement to local interests for rights-of-way. FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, . CALIF., DISTRICTe 1523 b. Centinela Creek. The project plan is nearing completion. Work remaining to be done consists of completion of the project plan, plans and specifications, and construction. c. Sawtelle-Westwood system. Construction by contract of the reach from Ballona Creek to Braddock Drive was completed in No- vember 1949. Constuction by contract of the reach from Braddock Drive to Washington Place was completed in January 1951. Con- struction by contract of the reach from Washington Place to Char- nock Road was completed in February 1951. Work remaining con- sists of completion of contract plans and specifications, and completion of the remainder of the project upstream from Charnock Road. AUTHORIZING ACTS The existing project was authorized by the following flood-con- trol acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 22, 1936 Reservoirs and flood channels for flood control and re- None. lated purposes, at an estimated construction cost not to exceed- 70,000,000. May 15, 1937 Added flood channels on Ballona Creek and tribu- Do. taries to the project. June 28, 1938 Provision of lands, easements, and rights-of-way and Do. relocations by Federal Government instead of by local interests. (Resultant additional cost to the United States $12,541,000.) Aug. 18, 1941 Project extended to include additional flood-control H. Doc. 838, 76th Cong., 3d sess. reservoirs, flood-control channels, and debris basins for flood control and related purposes and author- ized to be appropriated, in addition to previous authorizations, the sum of $25,000,000 for the further accomplishment of the plan. Dec. 22, 1944 Authorized to be appropriated, in addition to pre- None. vious authorizations, the sum of $25,000,000 for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the Flood Control Act of Aug. 18, 1941. July 24, 1946 Authorized to be appropriated,_ in addition to pre- Do. vious authorizations, the sum of $25000,000 forthe further prosecution of the comprehensive plan. May 17, 1950 Rio Hondo channel improvement, Whittier Narrows . Do. Reservoir to Los Angeles River (in lieu of enlarging channel and bridges on San Gabriel River down- stream from the reservoir). Also authorized to be appropriated, in addition to previous authoriza- tions, the sum of $40,000,000 for the further prosecu- tion of the comprehensive plan. Sept. 3, 1954 Authorized to be appropriated, in addition to pre- Do. vious authorizations, the sum of $12,500,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan. PROJECT COSTS The total costs to June 30, 1956, for new workand maintenance for the existing project are: Non-Federal funds Units Regular Emergency Total Federal Total I funds Relief funds funds Spent by Spent by all funds Federal local Total Government 1 interests 2 Units in $70, 000, 000 project Alhambra Wash Ballona Creek Channel and jetties.......-----..... $506,615.04 $580,437.190 $1,087,052.23 $4,684.14 ----- ~---------~-- $4,684.14 $1,091,736.37 - 768,564.77 509,118.38 1,277,683.15 72,201.49 72,201.49 1,349,884.64 O Compton Creek, Alameda St. to Hooper Ave. storm drain. 1,597,854.03 745,848.82 2,343,702.85 25,408.90 -rr----------- 25,408.90 2,369,111.75 J Haines Canyon-- ------------------------------ 290,330.43 233,953.57 524,284.00 524,284.00 Hansen flood-control reservoir.------------- 11,330,204.36 11,330,204.36 11,330,204.36 - Los Angeles River Channel: Lankershim Blvd. to Stewart and Gray Rd........... 33,727,033.86 7,638,038.67 41,365,072.53 -1,302.04 . -1,302.04 41,363,770.49 J .----------.... Long Beach Blvd_----------------- 13,678.41 20,565.98 34,244.39......................................... 33,244.39 San Gabriel River Channel: San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood-control reservoir. 1,900,514.02 44,686.22 1,945,200.34 1,945,200.34X Santa Fe flood-control reservoir to Walnut Creek...... Santa Fe flood-control reservoir......................... 32,263.51 12,637,795.61 32,263.51 12,637,795.61 ................-................-............-...- 32,263.51 ........ .......- ....... ....... ........ ....... 12,637,795.61 t - Sepulveda flood-control reservoir....... ................. 6,650,560.80 6,650,560.80 6,650,560.80 'J Sycamore Wash_ ------------------------------- Verdugo Wash, Concord St. to upper Canada bridge-..... 8,835.10 367,804.52 14,710.43 362,557.41 23,545.53 730,361.93 ................-................-................- ........ .... 155,120.89 _._....... ....... 23,545.53 5......... 155,120.89 885,482.82 O .. . rianti--------------- .-------------------------------------I-- Z:z 217,754.88 217,754.88 217,754.88 J Surveys and engineering................................ 363,473.64 24,000.00 387,473.64 387,473.64 Distribution of insurance and surplus plant accounts ...... -781,899.75 617,263.11 -164,636.64 -164,636.64 Subtotal-new work---........ ---------- 69,413,628.35 11,008,934.76 80,422,563.11 256,113.38---------------- 256,113.38 80,678,676.49 0 Subtotal-maintenance......--........-- 2,019,614.68---------------- 2,019.614.68................. 2,019.614.68 Subtotal-all work........................... 71,433,243.03 11,008,934.76 82,442,177.79 256,113.38------------- 256,113.38 82,698,291.17 Units outside $70, 000, 000 project Arcadia Wash----------------------------------- 2,428,448.18 2,428,448.18 569,836.18 533,380.00 1,103,216.18 3,531,664.36 a Burbank-Western system (upper) ,,,,,,,-,,,, 125,937.74 125,937.74 ----------------- 125,937.746 Burbank-Western system (lower)..___ ____ __ __ __ _ 1,317,268.90---------------- 1,317,268.90 390,460.00 -390,460.00 1,707,728.90 Centinela Creek_- 55,401.26---------------- 55,401.26 --------------- 55,401.26 Compton Creek, Hooper Ave. storm drain to Main St.:: 1,202,964.64 ---------------- 1,202,964.64 362,937.46 384,920.00 747,857.46 1,950,822.10 Eaton W ash. .------- -------- -------- -.------ -.- ...-- 1,843,361.61------ ,----- 297,469.60 260,060.00- 557,529.60 2,400,891.2160 Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash ...................... Lopez flood-control reservoir_ ................. __.._.__.._ 395,060.74 628,358.87 ---------------- , ---------------- 1,843,361.61 395,060.74 50,209.86 628,358.87 ............... 82,400.00 132,609.86 --...-..........- ................- 527,670.60 628,358.87 Los Angeles River channel: Owensmouth Ave. to Lankershim Blvd_ ..... _...... ,111.9212,839,111.92 ------ 2,095,453.63 2,918,190.00 5,013,643.63 17,852,755.55 Lankershim Blvd. to Stewart and Gray Rd ...._.. 1,688,451.08 --------------............... 1,688,451.08 . ................. ......... ............. 1,688,451.08 Stewart and Gray Rd. to Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Ry. bridge ... 5,860,860.85 ..........-- 5,860,860.85 327,370.43 283,370.00 610,740.43 6,471,601.28 E." Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Ry. to Pacific Ocean ........................................... 12,449,086.34............. 12,449,086.34 517,907.44 5,743,700.00 6,261,607.44 18,710,693.78m Pacoima Wash Channel .................... _ _____ ____ 3,178,109.56 ........-..... 3,178,109.56 903,238.41 1,105,490.00 2,008,728.41 5,186,837.97 Rio Rondo Channel: Peck Rd. to Rosemead Blvd. (upper) 507,071.48 507,071.48 -- - -... ... ------ .--. -. . . 507,071.48 Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir to Los An- geles River (lower)................. ................ 8,162,413.76 8,162,493.76 1,518,357.86 1,707,130.00 3,225,487.86 11,387,981.62 0 Rubio Canyon diversion-....................._........ 35,248.06 -.-----........ 35,248.06 -- - - - - - - - -- . - - - . - - - - - .. 35,248.06 0 San Gabriel River Channel: 0 Santa Fe flood-control reservoir to Whittier Narrows 0 flood-control reservoir_-.... __________ 62,015.17 ---------------- 62,015.17 62,015.17 Santa Anita Wash.------------------- 82,062.13 ---------------- 82,062.13 82,062.13 Sawpit Wash..------------------------------- 1,382,938.47---------------- 1,382,938.47 210,964.03 464,210.00 675,174.03 2,058,112.50 Sawtelle-Westwood system_............................... 2,495,547.55---------------- 2,495,547.55 110,696.76 296,620.00 407,316.76 2,902,864.31 0 Tujunga Wash Channel.................................. 7,359,356.62 - - - - -- -- 4 - - 7,359,356.62 2,286,305.13 2,186,280.00 4,472,585.13 11,831,941.75 Walnut Creek system --or...................-- 21,091.51 - - - - -- -- - - - 21,091.51 21,091.51 Walnut Creek Inlet Channel_______________ 72,578.90 72,578.90 72,578.90 Whittier Narrows flood-control reservoir ----.---------- 29,115,195.61 i - - - - -- -- - - - I 29,115,195.61 i 12,748.00 i 12,748.00 29,127,943.61 O Subtotal-new work.-- 93,308,020.95 93,308,020.959,263,494.7916,356,210.0025,619.704.79 118,927,725.74 Subtotal-maintenance-..........-------- - 18,091.05 18,091.05 18,091.05 Grand total-all work________________. '164,759,355.03 11,008,934.76'175,768,289.79 9,519,608.17 416,356,210.00 25,875,818.17 201,644,107.96 0 1 To save money, some bridges and other structures to be built at local expense are built under the same contract that covers structures to be built at Federal expense. Before the construction contracts are signed, local interests pay the Federal Government for the cost of constructing these items of local responsibility. 2 Non-Federal funds spent up to June 30, 1955 by local interests for (1) betterments desired by local interests and (2) improvements required as part of local cooperation, ' Includes $2,037,705.73 for maintenance by Federal Government, which includes $1,438 of pending adjustments not reflected in "Operation and results for fiscal year." 4 Does not include $3,021,360 for spent up to June 30, 1955, betterments constructed by local interests. z0 LEJ -4 C31 -4 CA H -4 0~i H~f 1526 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956123 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........ $10,585,000 $11,448,000 $11,400,000 $13,200,000 $14,133,000 $175,126,429 Cost-------------- 13,750,3388,263,31111,674,574 4 18,116,383 4173,730,584 14,092,889 Maintenance: Appropriated- ----- 154,950 121,548 129,000 120,380 141,960 2,038,091 Cost---------------- 138,119 130,056 127,516 125,804 '155,732 2,037,706 1 Includes $11,008,935 emergency relief funds for new work and $2,037,706regular funds formaintenance. 2 Does not include $9,519,608 of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for betterments desired by local interests. To save money, some bridges and other structures to be built at local expense are built under the same contract that covers structures to be built at Federal expense. Before the construction contracts are signed, local interests pay the Federal Government for the cost of constructing these items of local responsibility. 3 Does not include $16,726,888 emergency relief funds and.$4,238,000 of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for betterments desired by local interests in connection with previous project. 4Includes pending adjustments in amount of $46,956 not reflected in "Operations and results during fiscal year." b Includes pending adjustments in amount of $1,438 not reflected in "Operations and results during fiscal year." Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ __________ _---------------------------------------- $2,441,569 NON-FEDERAL FUNDS I Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------ Appropriated........ $241,585$1,644,212 $835,170-$1,833,418 $2,755,964 $11,881,042 Cost--------------- 1,520,846 138,543 1,406,5761,278,215 122,297,571 2 3 9,519,608 1 To save money, some bridges and other structures to be built atlocalexpense arebuilt under the same contract that covers structures to be built at Federal expense. Before the construction contracts are signed, local interests pay the Federal Government for the cost of constructing these items of local responsibility. 2Includes pending adjustments in amount of $4,751 not reflected in "Operations and results during fiscal year." aDoes not include $16,356,210 spent up to June 30, 1955, by local interests for items of local cooperation and $3,021,360 spent up to June 30,1955 by local interests for betterments constructed by them. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- --------------------------------- $850,150 12. SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. These works are on the Santa Ana River and tributaries and on other streams in Orange, Riverside and San Bernardino Counties. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for (1) pro- tection of the metropolitan area of Orange County; and (2) flood con- trol in the Santa Ana River Basin on San Antonio, Chino, Lytle, and Cajon Creeks. The individual parts considered in the general plan for this proj- ect and their estimated Federal costs (1956) are as follows: FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1527 Estimated cost Project Relocations, lands, ease- Construction ments, and Total rights-of-way Aliso Creek Dam..---------------------------------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $324,400 $15,600 $340,000 Brea Dam 2- - - - - - - - 968,800 221,200 1,190,000 Carbon Canyon Dam and channel . . ... 4,193,000 1,527,000 5,720,000 Fullerton Dam 12-....... ...------------ 373,146 37,954 411,100 Lytle and Cajon Creeks channel improvements 1--...... 6,834,358 779,000 7,613,358 Prado Dam 12_a..- _ . 6,051,944 3,511,456 9,473,273 San Antonio Dam 12-------- 5,009,100 2,421,329 7,325,000 San Antonio and Chino Creeks channel ............... _ 8,138,900 2,961,100 11,100,000 San Juan Dam----........-........-.............. - 5,751,800 208,200 5,960,000 Trabuco Dam-------------- .- ----------- ... 2,158,700 31,300. 2,190,000 Villa Park Dam----.- ----------- -------- -2,165,700 104,300 2,270,000 1 Completed. 2 For details of this project, see individual report. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 22, 1936 Reservoirs and flood channels for flood control and None. related, purposes for the. protection of the metro- politan area of Orange County, at an estimated construction cost not to exceed $13,000,000. June 28, 1938 San Antonio and Chino Creeks channel portion of H, Doc. 688, 75th Cong., 3d sess. improvement. Authorized to be appropriated $6,500,000 for initiation and partial accomplishment of the plans for those creeks. Rescinded provisions of Flood Control Act of June 22,1936, providing that local interests pay for relocations lands, easements, and rights-of-way. (Estimated resultant addi- tional cost to the United States, $3,500,000.) Aug. 18, 1941 Authorized to be appropriated, in addition to pre- None. vious authorizations, the amount of $2,500,000 for the prosecution of the projects approved in the above-mentioned flood-control acts. Dec. 22, 1944 Authorized to be appropriated, in addition to Pre- H. Doc. 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess. vious authorizations, the amount of $10,000,000 for the prosecution of the projects adopted in the above-mentioned flood-control acts, including the projects on Lytle and Cajon Creeks for local flood protection at San Bernardino and Colton, Calif. Local cooperation. See individual reports for requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. All work during the fiscal year is applicable to and described under the individfial project items. Conditions at end ;of fiscal year The progress of projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in indi- vidual reports. The costs for new work to June 30, 1956, for those parts of the existing project for which costs have not yet been transferred to indiVidual units of the project, were $85,310. 1528 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------------------- -------------- $85,310 Cost----------------------------- ------- ----- -- ------------------- 85,310 Note. These costs areforthose parts ofthe existing forwhich costs project have not been transferred to individual units of the project. 13. SAN ANTONIO DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. San Antonio Dam is on San Antonio Creek in San Bernardino and Los Angeles Counties, Calif., approximately 7.5 miles north of Pomona, Calif. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in the Santa Ana River Basin and Orange County. The plan provides for im- provements at the mouth of the San Antonio Canyon, as follows: An earthfill dam with a crest elevation of 2,260 feet, a height of 160 feet above streambed, and a crest length of 3,850 feet; and a flood-control reservoir with a capacity of 9,110 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the reservoir regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 26.7 square miles, reducing the flow of the design flood from 19,000 to 8,000 cubic feet per second. The latest (1956) approved estimated Federal cost is $5,009,100 for construction and $2,315,900 for lands and damages and relocations, a total of $7,325,000 for new work. The latest (1955) approved estimated cost for mainte- nance is $19,600. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See H. Doc. 688, 75th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Operationand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of completion of (1) construction of dam embankment, spillway, and outlet gates; and (2) utility relocations; and (3) initiation of work on operation and maintenance manual. No flood operations were performed during the year. The costs from regular funds for new work were $1,083,797 for work performed by contract and $47,783, by hired labor. Costs from regular funds for mainte- nance were $4,538 for work performed by hired labor. Total costs were $1,136,118. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete except for completion of operation and maintenance manual and installation of fencing and of security shutters on control house. Total costs for this unit of the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1529 Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ..........----------------------------- $6,891,229 $6,683 $6,897,912 Total, Federal funds---------- _ Working funds ........--....... ------ --..-...-. 6,891,229 5,000 -- 6,683 ----------------- 6,897,912 5,000 Total, all funds----------------------1 $6,896,229 1 6,683, 12$6,902,912 1 Does not include $8,500 of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for betterments desired by local interests. 2 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $2,145 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........$1,000,000 $995,000 $1,700,000 $2,300,000 $205,000 $7,005,000 Cost ---------------- 550,509 776,583 1,858,304 2,297,051 1,131,580 6,896,229 Maintenance: ----------------------------- Appropriated--------........------------............ 6,750 6,750 , Cost. ----------------------------------------- -------- 26,683 26,683 1 Does not include $8,500 of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for betterments desired by local in- terests; includes $5,000 working funds. This work is in addition to existing project. 2 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $2,145 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------ -- ----_-_ $101, 727 14. SAN ANTONIO AND CHINO CREEKS CHANNEL, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. The site of the San Antonio and Chino Creeks channel improvement is in San Bernardino and Los Angeles Counties, Calif., about 30 miles east of the city of Los Angeles. The channel, with its source in the San Gabriel Mountains, would extend from San An- tonio Dam about 16 miles to the existing Prado Reservoir on the Sant Ana River. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in the Santa Ana River Basin and Orange County. The plan provides for im- provements along San Antonio Creek, as follows: A concrete-lined, rectangular section with a length of about 10.5 miles, ranging in width from 20 to 30 feet; a trapezoidal section with a length of about 5.2 miles, ranging in width from 60 to 336 feet; 29 highway bridges; 4 railroad bridges; and 1 combination highway and railroad bridge. The latest (1956) approved estimated Federal cost of construction is $8,138,900 and $2,961,100 for lands and damages and relocations, a total of $11,100,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The improvement was authorized by Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938,. (See H. Doc. 688, 75th Cong., 3d sess.) 1580 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OE ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. None required. Operation and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of initiation of construction on part 2 (Holt Avenue to Chino Creek) and continuing work on contract plans and specifications for parts 1 and 3. The costs, all for new work, were $368,973, comprising $263,- 429 for work performed by contract and $105,544 for work per- formed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project plan is complete. Work remaining consists of completing contract plans and specifica- tions, completion of construction of part 2, and construction of parts 1 and 3. Construction is approximately 5 percent complete. Total costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1956, were $575,970. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending JuneT30 __ Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........... _ ___ -_$65,000 $85,000 $80,000 $850,000 000 $1,080, Cost--------------------------........... 65,000 76,184 56,209 1378,577 '575,970 1 Includes pending adjustments inamount of $9,604 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---------------------------------------$396, 392 15. PRADO DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. Prado Dam is in Riverside County on the Santa Ana River, approximately 30 miles upstream from the mouth. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvement under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in the Santa Ana River Basin and Orange County. The plan of improvement provides for (1) a rolled earthfill dam with a length of 2,280 feet and a maximum height of 106 feet above streambed, and :(2) a flood- control reservoir with a capacity of 223,000 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the reservoir regulates the runoff frbm a tributary area of 2,233 square miles, reducing the flow of the desig flood from 193,000 to 9,200 cubic feet per second. The latest (1956) approved estimated Federal cost is $9,473,273. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $27,000. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of maintaining the dam in good operating condition and initiating, work on the operation and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds were $34,112 for maintenance, performed by hired labor. One minor storm occurred during the year on January 26, 1956, producing a peak inflow of 5,700 cubic feet per second and a regulated FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1531 peak outflow of 1,040 cubic feet per second. The maximum water in storage was 6,800 acre-feet, or 3 percent of gross storage capacity at spillway crest. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam was completed in May 1941. Work remaining consists.of preparation of master plan- ning report. Work on operation and maintenance manual is 50 percent complete. Total costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds-------- .......--......... . $9,473,273 $478,052 $9,951,325 Total, Federal funds-----------------................. 9,473,273 478,052 9,951,325 Other funds------------...-............... ..... .. . . . . . -----------.........-.-.- --.. .. Total, all funds.................... __ 19,473,273 2 478, 052 12 9,951,325 1 Does not include $124,105 of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for betterments desired by local interests. 2 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $468 not reflected in "Operations and results for fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$137,612 -----. ---- _--- ----------------------- $9,473,273 Cost ................. 1,530 $1,348 $25 ------------------------ 9,473,273 Maintenance: Appropriated- ----- 23,600 28,400 25,000 $24,210 2$32,707 2 478, 172 Cost- --------------- 23,526 30,337 24,587 22,630 s34,580 s 478,052 1 Does not include $124,105 of non-Federal funds spent by the Corps for beterments desired by local interests. 2 Includes an adjustment of $1,600 borrowed in fiscal year 1955 and repaid in fiscal year 1986. sIncludes pending adjustment in the amount of $468 not reflected in "Operations and results during fiscal year." 16. CARBON CANYON DAM AND CHANNEL, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. Carbon Canyon Dam and channel, which are on Carbon Creek near the mouth of Carbon Creek Canyon, are in Orange County about 4 miles east of Brea, Calif. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in the Santa Ana River Basin and Orange County. The tentative plan of improvement provides for (1) a rolled earthfill dam with a length of 1,600 feet and a maximum height of 90 feet above streambed and (2) a flood-control reservoir with a capacity of 7,000 acre-feet. The operation of the reservoir will regulate the runoff from a tributary area of 20 square miles. The plan includes construction below the dam of a reinforced- concrete channel with a length of approximately 3,500 feet and a capacity of about 4,000 cubic feet per second, The current (1956) 1532 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 approved estimated Federal cost of the dam and channel is $4,193,000 for construction and $1,527,000 for relocations, lands, easements, and rights-of-way, a total of $5,720,000. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of the project plan has been resumed. The cost, all for new work, was $35,512, comprising $3,398 for work performed by contract and $32,114 for work performed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project plan is partially com- pleted. Work remaining consists of completion of the project plan, preparation of contract plans and specifications, and construction of the project. Total costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1956, were $192,119 for new work, which includes pending adjustments in the amount of $479 not reflected under "Operations and results dur- ing fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-,-_ ---- -$8,387 $50, 000 $206, 128 Cost ----------------- 1,029 ------------------------ .-- '135,991 1192,119 1 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $479 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------------------- ___ _ _ __ ___ $12, 509 17. FULLERTON DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. Fullerton Dam is in Orange County, 2 miles northeast of the city of Fullerton, approximately 4 miles upstream from the junction of East Fullerton Creek with Brea Creek. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in the Santa Ana River Basin and Orange County. The plan of improvement provides for a rolled earthfill dam with a length of 575 feet, a maxi- mum height of 47 feet above streambed, and a flood-control reservoir with a capacity of 775 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the reservoir regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 5.05 square miles, reducing the flow of the design flood from 4,600 to 240 cubic feet per second. The latest (1956) approved estimated Federal cost is $373,146 for construction and $37,954 for acquisition of lands and relocation of highways. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $12,400. This improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of maintaining the dam in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $11,434 for maintenance performed by hired labor. FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1533 One moderate storm occurred during the year on January 26, 1956, producing a peak inflow of 390 cubic feet per second and a regulated peak outflow of 194 cubic feet per second. Reservoir peak storage was 270 acre-feet, or 36 percent of gross storage at spillway crest. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam was completed in 1941. Work remaining consists of preparation of the master planning re- port. Total costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1956, were $411,076 for new work and $166,889 for maintenance, a total of $577,965. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated- ------- -------.... -$1,380 -----------..............------------------------ $411,076 Cost-------------------------------------------- ------------------------ 411,076 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ $10,300 11,416 $7,750 $12,000 $9,718 166,939 Cost----------------- 9,784 11,910 8,752 11,205 11,434 166,889 18. BREA DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN (AND ORANGE COUNTY), CALIF. Location. Brea Dam is in Orange County, 1.5 miles north of the city of Fullerton, approximately 8 miles upstream from the junction of Brea Creek with Coyote Creek. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in the Santa Ana River Basin and Orange County. The plan of improve- ment provides for a rolled earthfill dam with a length of approxi- mately 1,765 feet, a maximum height of 87 feet above streambed, and a flood-control reservoir with a capacity of 4,100 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the reservoir regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 23.4 square miles, reducing the flow of the design flood from 8,300 to 1,330 cubic feet per second. The latest (1956) approved estimated Federal cost is $968,800 for construction and $221,200 for acquisition of lands. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $13,600. This improve- ment was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of maintaining the dam in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $13,249 for maintenance performed by hired labor. One moderate storm occurred during the year on January 26, 1956, producing a peak inflow of 360 cubic feet per second and a regulated peak outflow of 200 cubic feet per second. Reservoir peak storage was 69 acre-feet, or 2 percent of gross storage at spillway crest. 1534 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam was completed in 1942. Work remaining consists of preparation of the master planning re- port. The costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1956, were $1,189,068 for new work and $228,747 for maintenance, a total of $1,417,815, including pending adjustments in the amount of $548 not reflected in "Operations and results for fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---- _........- - -$844 i---- ..... ------ ...----------- -- $1,189,068 Cost------ ----------------------- ------------------------------------ 1,189,068 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $19,250 13,336 $14,250 $14,930 $10,840 228,871 Cost_----------.-. 17,015 14,446 15,149 12,075 1 13,797 1228,747 1 Includes pending adjustments in the amount of $548 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." 19. SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvements in the existing project is on the Santa Ana River and tributaries and other streams in River- side and San Bernardino Counties. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized the plan of improvement for flood control in the Santa Ana River Basin substantially in accordance with the recommendations contained in the report of the Chief of Engineers, dated September 27, 1948. (See H. Doc. 135, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) The individual units considered in the general plan for this project and their estimated Federal costs (1956) are as follows: Estimated cost Project Relocations, lands, ease- Construction ments, and Total rights-of-way Mill Creek levees------------.. -------------------- $1,550,000 ----------------- $1,550,000 Devil, East Twin, and Warm Creek improvements and Lytle Creek levee--....------------------------- 14,000,000 ---------------- 14,000,000 Riverside levees..--------------------------------- 2,730,000 ---------------- 2,730,000 San Jacinto River and Bautista Creek levees----------- 5,200,000 ,--------------- Total---.... .............................. . 24,480,000 ------ -----.. . 24,480,000 Local cooperation. See individual reports for requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. None except for Devil, East Twin, and Warm Creek improvements and Lytle Creek levee and for Riverside levees. See individual reports for Devil, East Twin, and Warm Creek improvements and Lytle Creek levee and for Riverside levees. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work accomplished to date except for Devil, East Twin, and Warm Creek improvements and FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1535 Lytle Creek levee and for Riverside levees. See individual reports for Devil, East Twin, and Warm Creek improvements and Lytle Creek levee and for Riverside levees. 20. DEVIL, EAST TWIN, AND WARM CREEKS IMPROVEMENTS AND LYTLE CREEK LEVEE, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. Devil, East Twin, and Warm Creeks improvements and the Lytle Creek levee are in San Bernardino County, Calif. The Devil Creek diversion and the Lytle Creek levee are north and north- west of San Bernardino; the Waterman and East Twin Creeks levee revetments are northeast of San Bernardino; and the East Twin and Warm Creeks concrete channel is along the outskirts just east of San Bernardino. Existing prject. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for flood control in the Santa Ana River Basin. The plan of improvement provides for a 1.19-mile intersecting levee across Devil Creek (downstream from the mouth of Devil Creek Canyon and just north of San Bernardino); a 1.90-mile concrete diversion channel from the levee to Cajon Creek; a 1.16-mile levee on the right side of Lytle Creek opposite the mouth of Cajon Creek; a revetment of 3.59 miles of levees, constructed or to be constructed by local interests, along Waterman and East Twin Creeks; and the construction of a 4.15-mile continuous concrete channel along (lower) East Twin Creek and (lower) Warm Creek. The latest (1956) ap- proved estimated Federal cost is $14,000,000. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 135, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to pay $200,000 of the construction cost of (zone 5) Devil, East Twin, and Warm Creeks improvements, to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the improvements, and to bear the cost of all highway and highway- bridge construction and alteration, and utility relocations; to adjust all claims concerning water rights and to hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages due to the construction works; to prevent any future encroachments on the project channels; to perform any work made necessary by the effect of flood control on stream regimen; and to maintain and operate the improvement works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local intrests have provided satis- factory assurances of their cooperation and have already contributed $100,000 of the $200,000 required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Project and contract plans and specifications were completed and construction was initiated on Lytle Creek levee and Devil Creek diversion. Costs, all from regular funds, for new work were $419,058, comprising $264,022 for work performed by contract and $155,036 for work performed by hired labor. Non-Federal funds in the amount of $1,840 were spent for the installation of diversion pipe through the Lytle Creek levee to spreading grounds. 1536 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY,-1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on Lytle Creek levee is about 98 percent complete. Construction on Devil Creek diversion is about 5 percent complete. Work remaining consists of completion of construction of Lytle Creek levee and Devil Creek diversion and completion of project and contract plans and specifications and of construction for the balance of this unit of the existing project. Total costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds.....------------------------------ $424,349 -------------------- $424,349 Total, Federal funds------ ---------- 424,349 -....--........ . ---424, 349 Other funds. . . . . . ..---------------------------------.----- Total, all funds ..............-.. - - -1 $424,349 -------------------- 1$424,349 'Includes pending adjustments in the amount of $5,291 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated Cost----- ---------- ------------ ------------ - - $800,000 424, 349 ------------- $800,000 ..........--------------------------------------------- '424,349 1 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $5,291 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------------- $242, 969 NON-FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 New work: Appropriated..... Cost..---..----..... Other new work data: Unobligated. balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -------------------------------------------- --------- $160 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ----------------------------------- Appropriated........ ........------------. $100,000 $100,000 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------------------------------------------ $10, 000 FLOOD CONTROL---LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1537 21. RIVERSIDE LEVEES, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. The Riverside levees are in San Bernardino and River- side Counties, on the Santa Ana River, immediately west of Riverside, Calif. Existing project. This unit is a part of the improvements under the general plan for flood control in the Santa Ana River Basin. The plan of improvement provides for construction of two stone-faced levees along the Santa Ana River near Riverside, Calif., one on the left (east) side of the river for protection of the northwest part of Riverside, Calif., and the other on the right (west) side for the pro- tection of most of Rubidoux, Calif. The total length of the two levees is 4.59 miles. The latest (1956) approved estimated Federal cost is $2,730,000. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 135, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the improvements and to bear the cost of all highway and highway-bridge construction and alteration, and utility relocations; to adjust all claims concerning water rights and to hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages due to the construction works; to prevent any future encroachments on the project channels; to perform any work made necessary by the effect of flood control on stream regimen; and to maintain and operate the improvement works after completion ii accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have provided satisfactory assurances of their cooperation, which has been accepted. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions were completed for part 1 and initiated for part 2. Part 1 (from downstream end of existing levee to Crestmore Avenue bridge, left bank) is under construction by continuing contract. The costs from regular funds for new work were $67,202 for work performed by contract and $69,062 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $136,264. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on part 1 is about 5 percent complete. Work remaining consists of completion of con- struction of part 1, completion of plans and specifications for part 2, and construction of part 2. Total costs for this unit of the project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds...........--------------------------- $138,290 --------------- ----- $138,290 Total, Federal funds. ----------------- 138,290 ......------------------- 138,290 Other funds_------..-- - - - - - - - - - - - - Total, all funds....--------------------- $138,290 -------------------- 1 $138,290 1Includes a pending adjustment of $2,026 not reflected under "operations and results during fiscal year." 1538 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and, financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated - ----------------------- ------------ ------------ $250,000 $250, 000 Cost------ ---------------------------------------------- 1138,290 1138,290 1 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $2,026 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_________ ________ $55, 210 __------------------------------- 22. SAN DIEGO RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvement is on the San Diego River at San Diego, Calif. Existing project. The plan of improvement, which was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (See H. Doc. 635, 77th Cong., 2d sess.), was modified by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (See H. Doc. 760, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). Prior to modification, the plan of improvement provided for the construction of a suitable levee system as a replacement of the existing Government dike across the old channel of the river, at the city of San Diego. The levee system, which would incorporate the existing dike to the extent found practicable at the time of construction, would comprise a main levee extending eastward for about 6,700 feet from Presidio Hill in Old Town and a cutoff levee extending about 900 feet southward from a point near the west end of the main levee. The latest (1949) approved estimated cost is $350,000 for construc- tion and $20,000 for lands and damages. For a description of the project as modified, see navigation project entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif." Local cooperation. Local cooperation shown in navigation project entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif." applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. See navigation project entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif." Condition at end of fiscal year. See navigation project entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif." 23. PAINTED ROCK RESERVOIR, GILA RIVER BASIN, ARIZ. Location. Painted Rock Reservoir is on the Gila River, mile 126, about 20 miles downstream from Gila Bend, Ariz., in the Gila River Basin, which is a part of the Colorado River Basin. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for (1) a rolled earthfill dam with a maximum height of 181 feet above streambed, a crest length of 4,855 feet, and a detached broad-crested spillway with a crest length of 610 feet; and (2) a flood-control reservoir with a gross capacity of 2,491,700 acre-feet at spillway crest, including 200,000 acre-feet for sediment. The operation of the reservoir would reduce the standard project flood of 300,000 FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1539 cubic feet per second to a maximum outflow of 22,500 cubic feet per second. The latest (1956) approved estimated Federal cost is $26,000,000, and $50,000 annually for maintenance and operation. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 331, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adjust all water- rights claims that might result from the improvement and to keep the flood channel of Gila River downstream from the Painted Rock site free from encroachment. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of continuation of work on project plan and contract plans and specifica- tions; subsurface exploration; and initation of construction of access road. The costs, all from regular funds for new work, were $384,283, comprising $218,601 for work performed by contract and $165,682 for work performed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work remaining consists of com- pletion of project plan, contract plans and specifications, and completion of construction. The total costs to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds..----------------------------- $725, 650 -------------------- $725, 650 Total, Federal funds-......-.......- 725,650 -------------------- 725,650 Other funds_.. . . .. . . -........-. ..------------------- ...............-.. . . . . . . ....---------- Total, all funds ---------------------- 1 725,650, --------------------- 1 $725,650 1 Includes pending adjustments in the amount of $5,784 not reflected in "Operations and results during fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending Jy e 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -- $164, 000 -----------------............ $65,000 $130,000 $600,000 000 $959, Cost--------------------------148,621 63,853 123,109 1390,067 1725,650 1 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $5,784 not reflected in "Operations and results during fiscal year." Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------------------------ --- $19, 830 24. MATHEWS CANYON RESERVOIR, COLORADO RIVER BASIN, NEV. Location. Mathews Canyon Reservoir is about 20 miles east of Caliente, Nev., in Mathews Canyon, a tributary of Clover Creek, and about 2 miles upstream from the mouth of Mathews Canyon, which is in the Virgin River Basin, a part of the Colorado River Basin. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a dam and a reservoir for flood control. The dam would be an earthfill structure with a maximum height of 71 feet above streambed and 1540 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 with a crest length of 800 feet. A 50-foot spillway, crest elevation, 5,461 feet, would be constructed in a saddle to the left of the left abutment. The reservoir would have a total capacity at spillway crest of 6,260 acre-feet, including 1,000 acre-feet for sediment. The operation of the reservoir would regulate the runoff from a tributary area of 34 square miles, reducing the standard project flood from 8,500 cubic feet per second to 260 cubic feet per second. The latest (1956) approved estimated Federal cost is $830,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,800. This improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 530, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adjust all water- rights claims resulting from operation of the improvements and to keep the flood channels below the flood-control reservoir free from manmade encroachments. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations for the fiscal year consisted of completing preparation of the project plan. "The costs from regular funds for new work were $1,278 for work performed by contract and $10,765 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $12,043. Conditionat end of fiscal year. No construction undertaken. Work remaining consists of completion of contract plans and specifications and construction. Total costs of the project to June 30, 1956, were $66,472. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- ------------------------------ $57,000 $10,000 $67,000 Cost--------------------- ----------------- 54,429 12,043 66,472 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __ ________------------- $528 25. PINE CANYON RESERVOIR, COLORADO RIVER BASIN, NEV. Location. Pine Canyon Reservoir is about 17 miles east of Caliente, Nev., in Pine Canyon, a tributary to Clover Creek, and about 3 miles upstream from the mouth of Pine Canyon, which is in the Virgin River Basin, a part of the Colorado River Basin. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a dam and reservoir for flood control. The dam would be an earthfill structure with a maximum height of 97 feet above streambed and with a crest length of 2,003 feet. A 90-foot spillway, crest elevation 5,675 feet, would be constructed along the left wall of the canyon. The reservoir would have a total capacity at spillway crest of 7,840 acre-feet, including 1,400 acre-feet reserved for sediment. The operation of the reservoir would regulate the runoff from a tributary area of 45 square miles, reducing the standard project flood from 10,500 cubic feet per second to 318 cubic feet per second. The latest FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1541 (1956) approved estimate of Federal cost is $1,570,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,800. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 530, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adjust all water- rights claims resulting from operation of the improvements and to keep the flood channels below the flood-control reservoir free from manmade encroachments. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of the project plans and specifications was initiated. The costs from regular funds were $39,355 for new work performed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project plan is about 85 per- cent complete; plans and specifications for construction, about 50 percent complete. Work remaining consists of completion of project plan, contract plans and specifications, and construction. Total costs of the project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ........------....--------------.....---------- $39,595 ...--------------------. $39,595 Total, Federal funds_ _ .. 39,595------------------- 339,595 ...............................-----....----...------------------.....-------------------------- Other funds----------- Total, all funds ...................... 1$39,595 .--.-- .. ..--------- $39,595 1 Includes pending adjustment of $240 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------------------------------------.......... --------- $42,000 $42,000 Cost-------........----------------------------------------------- 139,595 139,595 1 Includes pending adjustments in amount of $240 not reflected under "Operations and results during fiscal year." Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- ---------------------- --- $1,796 1542 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 26. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Alamo Reservoir, Bill Williams River, Colorado River Basin, Ariz ......... R....Bas. ... Aliso Creek Dam, Santa Ana River Basin (and 1950 $213,212 -------------- $8,546,800 Orange County), Calif-------- ------------------------ 1 2340,000 Holbrook levee, Little Colorado River, Colorado River Basin, ee-8---to--------e1950 Arizn Lytle and Cajon Creeks, Santa Ana River Basin 335,000 -------- () (and Orange County), Calif _ _............. 1950 7,612,000- -- --- (3) Mill Creek levees, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif, 1951----- --------------------- 1,550,000 Santa Jacinto River and Bautista Creek levees, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif__ -er-Bas-n1 1951- .......-.-.....--. 5,200,000 San Juan Dam, Santa Ana River Basin (and Orange County), Califs _tribtri -1950 67,361 .......... -1 2 5,892,600 Santa Clara River and its tributaries, Santa Clara River Basin, Calif: Santa Clara River, levee and channel im- provements- Santa --- --------------------- 1950------- ---------------- Paula Creek 4-3,570,000 channel improvements._ 1950----------- _---------1_ _ 23,100,000 Santa Maria Valley levees, Santa Maria River Basin, Calif---------------------------- 1955 -...........-....... - 10,300,000 Stewart Canyon debris basin and channel, Ven- tura River Basin, Calif---.-------r --- ---. 1950 38,242 ---.-.-.-- - 1 2 1,421,800 Trabuco Dam, Santa Ana River Basin (and Orange County), Calif ...-------------------------------------------- 1 22,190,000 Tucson diversion channel, Gila River Basin, Ariz -------------------------------- , 1953 6 71,225 .--... 12 2,698,800 Ventura River levee, Ventura River Basin, Calif----------- ------------ 1950 1,343,638--------------- (3) Villa Park Dam, Santa Ana River Basin (and Orange County), Calif Cali----------- OrangeCounty, O E., ----------- __________ _ -------------- -------------- 12,7,0 2,270,000 Whitlow Ranch Reservoir, Queen Creek, Gila ----------------------- 1950 River Basin, Ariz............................. ---- ----- 4,650,000 1Inactive, as noted in 6-year program dated January 1955. 2 Latest cost-estimate revision made in 1954. 3 Completed. 4 Latest cost-estimate revision made in 1956. s Includes adjustment (-$975) supplementary to the adjustment ($975) reflected in the 1954 Annual Report. 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS The costs during the fiscal year were $137 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated .............-----------. $300 $300 -$450 $300 $750 Cost_-.-...-.-...... $208 25 13 52 137 435 28. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency flood-control activities--repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (PL 99, 84th Cong. and antecedent legislation). Emergency repairs and flood-fighting work were carried on by con- tract and hired labor in the Los Angeles County drainage area, California, during the fiscal year under section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations at a cost of $155,328. FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1543 Emergency flood-control activities-postflood reports. Postflood reports for southern California, Las Vegas Wash, Nev., and Florence, Ariz., were prepared during the fiscal year at a cost of $9,549. Emergency flood-control activities-flood-emergency manuals. The flood-emergency manual for the Los Angeles District was re- vised at a cost of $3,182. Emergency flood-control activities---flood-emergency exercises. None. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated ---_--- $38,000 -$3,908 -$185 $13,873 $174, 636 $253,416 Cost---- - -25,020 8,225 ------------ 11,535 1168,059 243,839 1 The cost for fiscal year 1956 comprises $155,328 for repair and flood fighting and rescue work, $9,549 for postflood reports, and $3,182 for flood-emergency manuals. 29. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD-CONTROL RESERVOIR OPERATIONS Section 7 of Flood Control Act of 1944 reads as follows: "Here- after, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of War to prescribe regu- lations for the use of storage allocated for flood control or navigation at all reservoirs constructed wholly or in part with Federal funds provided on the basis of such purposes, and the operation of any such project shall be in accordance with such regulations: * * * " In accordance with the above authority, preparation of schedule of flood-control operations manual for Hoover Dam was continued during the fiscal year at a cost of $2; and preparation of schedule of flood-control operations manual for Vaquero Dam was initiated at a cost of $1,251. Cost and financial summary 1 Includes a 1955 allotment of $2,000 not reported in the 1955 Annual Report. 1544 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 30. AUTHORIZED SHORE PROTECTION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Carpinteria to Point Mugu Beach-Erosion Con- trol (appendix Point Mugu to SanI, Coast of California) c... Pedro breakwater Beach- . 1955 .......--. ...------------.. .$77,000 Erosion Control (Appendix II, Coast of Calif- fornia) ---------------------.--------- 1955 .. .-..-...-------.---.. 4,069,000 Anaheim Bay Harbor, Calif., Beach-Erosion Control: Seal Beach-----------...... ... ---. 1955 ---------------------------- 71,000 Surf Side__..------------------------------ 1955 ---------------------------- 115,200 1Latest Federal cost estimate revision made in 1956. Note. Federal participation involves only the contribution of Federal funds towards the cost of the work, which is to be done by local interests. Information as to the start of such work is not available. 31. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS (NAVIGATION) The costs during the fiscal year for navigation studies and beach- erosion cooperative studies were as follows: Report on phase 1 of beach-erosion study of Orange County_-_--___ $8,579 Report on phase 2 of beach-erosion study of San Diego County------- 3,486 Preliminary investigation of Morro Bay Harbor______________-__-- 1,636 Total ----------------------------------------------- 13,701 The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, amounting to $6,376, will be applied during fiscal year 1957 to the following examinations and surveys: Report on Camp Pendleton Harbor and Agua Hedionda Lagoon-____ $10,000 Report on Los Angeles-Long Beach breakwater extension __----_ 6,000 Report on phase 2 of beach-erosion study of San Diego County-------- 7,000 Report on phase 2 of beach-erosion study of Orange County---------- 7,500 Total ----- ____-__-- ___------------------- 31,000 The additional sum of $77,300 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1958. 32. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS (FLOOD CONTROL) The costs during the fiscal year for flood-control studies were as follows: Little Colorado River and tributaries, Arizona and New Mexico___ $198.54 Mojave River, Calif. --------------------------------------- 9,393.07 Whitewater River and tributaries, California------------------ 21,619.04 Gila River and tributaries, Arizona and New Mexico 2,425.86 ------------- Gila River below Painted Rock, Ariz. --- 26,489.44 Pinal Creek, Gila River, Ariz. ------------ 10,736.94 Colorado River above Lee Ferry, Ariz. ______-__--__-_______1,087.91 Kanab Creek, Utah and Ariz. ________________-------___ 137.49 San Dieguito River, Calif. ---------------------------------- 4,131.05 Las Chollas Creek, Calif.--------------------------------- 61.42 Laguna Dominguez, Calif. ------------------------------------ 21.62 Tunnel through Laguna Mountains, near San Diego, Calif. 64:69 Las Vegas Wash, Nev. _ ----------- 18,224.94 Gila River and tributaries in vicinity of Tuscon, Ariz. 13,501.09 Total ---------------------------------------- $108,092.90 FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1545 The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, amounting to $13,156, will be applied during fiscal year 1957 to the following examinations and surveys: Colorado River above Lee Ferry, Ariz. ------------------------- $10,000 Gila River, Ariz. and N. Mex. --------------------------------- 48,000 Las Vegas Wash, Nev. ------- ___________------------------------------- 19,500 Mojave River, Calif. ---------------------------------------- 12,600 San Pedro River, Ariz. ______________________-------------------------------------- 25,000 Whitewater River, Calif. __------------------ -------- 35,700 Total ---------------------------------------------- $150,800 The additional sum of $151,800 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1958. 33. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA (FLOOD CONTROL) The costs during the fiscal year for collection and study of basic data were $17. The balance unexpended at the end of fiscal year, amounting to $17, will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1957. 34. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The costs during the fiscal year for research and development were $4,022, comprising $2,546 for hydrologic studies and $1,476 for civil-works investigations. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, amounting to $778 ($754 for hydrologic studies and $24 for civil-works investiga- tions) will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1957. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT This district comprises parts of southern Oregon and northern and western California embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Pacific Ocean from the Oregon-California State line on the north to Cape San Martin, Calif. (about 150 miles south of the entrance to San Francisco Bay), on the south, except the waters of Suisun Bay and the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and their tributaries. It also includes the Hawaiian, Line, Gilbert, Marshall, Midway, Wake, and Johnston Islands, and such islands in the South Pacific Ocean lying between the 159th meridian of east longitude and 108th meridian of west longitude as may be under the jurisdiction of the United States. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Crescent City Harbor, Calif. 1547 20. Other authorized navigation 2. Humboldt Harbor and Bay, projects----.--.---..----. 1581 Calif_ _ _---------------- 1550 3. San Francisco Harbor, Calif_. 1552 Flood Control 4. San Francisco Harbor and Bay, Calif. (collection and re- moval of drift) 21. Russian River, Calif--------- 1554 22. San Lorenzo Creek, Calif .... 1581 1584 5. Petaluma Creek, Calif ----.. 1555 23. San Lorenzo River, Calif _.. 1585 6. San Pablo Bay and Mare Is- 24. Hanapepe River, T. H_ ... 1586 land Strait, Calif ._. _ __ 1556 25. Kawainui Swamp, T. H ...... 1587 7. Richmond Harbor, Calif-.... 1558 26. Other authorized flood-control 8. Oakland Harbor, Calif .. 1561 projects. . 1589 9. Redwood City Harbor, Calif. 1564 27. Inspection of completed flood- 10. Halfmoon Bay, Calif__ 11. Moss Landing Harbor, Calif. - 1566 control works_ 1568 28. Flood-control work under spe- 1589 12. Nawiliwili Harbor, T. H-.... 13. Port Allen Harbor, T. H... 1569 1571 cial authorization--------- 1589 14. Honolulu Harbor, T. H 1573 Shore Protection 15. Kaunakakai Harbor, T. H . 1575 16. Kahului Harbor, T. H ...... 1576 29. Authorized shore protection 17. Kawaihae Harbor, T. H..... 1578 projects----------------1591 18. Hilo Harbor, T. H .......... 1579 19. Navigation projects on which General Investigations reconnaissance and condi- tion surveys only were con- 30. Examinations and surveys .... 1592 ducted during the fiscal 31. Research and development- year _ - - - 1581 Hydrologic studies__--------1592 1. CRESCENT CITY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is 17 miles south of the Oregon State line, 125 miles south of Coos Bay, Oreg., 70 miles north of Hum- boldt Bay, Calif., and midway between San Francisco Bay and the mouth of the Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5895.) Existing project. This provides for a rubblemound break- water extending for approximately 3,700 feet on a bearing of S. 270 E. from Battery Point, thence for approximately 1,000 feet on a bearing of S. 800 E.; a rubblemound sand barrier from Whaler Island to the easterly shore; an inner breakwater extending north- westerly from Whaler Island, to form a protected inner harbor; 1547 1548 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 for maintaining, by dredging, a basin 1,800 feet long and 1,400 feet wide to a depth of 20 feet at mean lower low water, except in rock; for the removal of pinnacle rocks in the inner harbor; and for maintenance dredging of the inner harbor basin in the vicinity of the seaward end of the sand barrier. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.9 feet; the extreme range of tide is about 12.3 feet. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $6,697,000, of which $6,480,000 is Federal cost and $217,000 is the amount contributed by local interests. The latest approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance (1956) is $147,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 18, 1918 Breakwater_ --- __--- -__ ------- H. Doc. 434, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Conditions of local cooperation modified............. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 4, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Jan. 21, 1927 Extending the breakwater to length of 3,000 feet-...... H. Dec. 595, 69th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging the harbor basin, 1,800 feet long, 1,400 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee wide, and 20 feet deep. Doc. 40, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 For the sand barrier and maintenance dredging in Senate Commerce Committee the vicinity of the seaward end thereof. print, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Extending the breakwater to Round Rock (modified H. Doc. 688, 76th Cong., 3d sess. by the Chief of Engineers). (contains latest published map). Do....... Inner breakwater and removal of rock in inner harbor. Report on file in Office, Chief of Engineers. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The act of March 2, 1945, requires that local interests grant to the United States, free of cost, necessary easements and rights-of-way and a suitable quarry or source of supply of royalty- free rock for extension of the breakwater. The required permits and assurances of cooperation were provided by the Board of Supervisors of Del Norte County, State of California, in resolutions No. 475 dated May 4, 1953, No. 620 dated April 11, 1955, No. 633 dated May 10, 1955, No. 652 dated June 28, 1955, and No. 724 dated January 27, 1956. Terminal facilities. There are 3 piers in the harbor, 1 of which is designated for public use and from which boats are fueled; and a private mooring for barges discharging petroleum products to a pipeline located on the inner breakwater. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. As new work, 28,237 tons of Class A, B, and C stone were placed by contract to extend the breakwater an additional 42 feet. Engineering and design for the project was completed. Plans and specifications were issued and a continuing contract awarded for completion of the breakwater, employing 25-ton tetrapods with monolithic cap in lieu "of armor stone. The use of tetrapods is in accordance with a royalty-free, nonexclusive license for manufacture and use granted by Etablissements Neyrpic, Grenoble, France, holder of patent application governing use of tetrapods in the United States. Under the continuing contract, plant and equipment were mobi- RIVERS A HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1549 lized, 2,500 tons otClass C and D stone were quarried and placed, and 77 tetrapods wre cast. The cost of new work was $297,354. As maintenance, engineering and design, including a dredging survey, was accomplished by hired labor and 55,000 cubic yards of material were removed from the outer harbor by contract at a cost of $84,931. The project costs during the fiscal year were $297,354 for new work and $84,931 for maintenance, a total of $382,285. In addition, a reconnaissance and condition survey of a portion of the harbor was made at a cost of $20. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is approximately 75 percent complete. The work remaining to be accomplished is the completion of the outer breakwater extension. The 3,000-foot outer breakwater was completed in 1930, the sand barrier in 1939, the inner breakwater in 1946, and the removal of pinnacle rock in 1951. The controlling depths in September 1955 were as follows: Main harbor basin, 14.5 feet at the A. C. Dutton Co. wharf, 5.5 feet at the J. C. Paul wharf, and 16 feet in the outer portion of the harbor except the extreme northerly end which was 5 feet; inner harbor, in April 1955, 11 feet, except in the extreme easterly and westerly sides, which were 8 feet. The total costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds---------............----------------------------- $4,831,937 $1,729,022 $6,560,959 Contributed funds -.---------------------------------- 217,116 27,884 245,000 Total- . -------------------------------------- .. 5,049,053 1,756,906 6,805,959 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated--------........ Cost ----------------- Maintenance: $4,000 ----------------------........... 8,623 $152 ------------ $510,183 $1,000,000 563,498 297,354 24,831,937 $5,481,268 Appropriated -------....... 28,600 909,725 $3,700 2,500 Cost------------- --- 73,349 57,820 718,299 145,519 193,500 84,931 1,887,572 1,729,022 1Exclusive of contributed funds of $217,116 for new work and $27,884 for maintenance. 2 Exclusive of $2,138 surplus material from Corps of Engineers' military activities. Note. New work appropriations reported for fiscal years 1955 and 1956 and total appropriated do not reflect allotments or revocations made on a loan or borrow basis: Fiscal year 1955--$220,000 borrowed from fiscal year 1956 appropriation Fiscal year 1956-$125 000 loaned to Nawiliwill Harbor project. Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956, includes $125,000 loaned to Nawiliwilli Harbor project in fiscal year 1956. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ..... $649, 331 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 1, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-_ __ - __- _______ 1,649, 331 1550 REPORT OF TH1 CIi E OENGINEERS, OF U. S. ARMYi1 , i94 2. HUMBOLDT HARBOR AND BAY, CALIF. Location. HuIuboldt B y is a landlocked harbor on the coast of Oalifornia 225 tiles north of San Francisco Bay and 70 miles ~oth 1f G t scent City Harbor. (See U. 8. Coast and Geodetic Sway Chart No. 5832.) Previous projects, Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, July 3, 1892, March 3, 1899, and March 2, 1907. For further details, seepages 1982-4984 of An tal eport for 1915, page 1673 of Annual Report ftr 1929, and mpa 1689 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing profjeet. This provides for 2 rubblemound jetties at the entrance--the north jetty about 4,500 feet in length and the south jetty 5,100 feet long, not including shore revetmnents; for a bar and entrance channel 40 feet deep tapered from a width of 1,600 feet at seaward mile 0.91 to 500 feet at seaward mile 0.18, thence 600 feet wide to mile 0.75, with easing of the bend at mile 0.7; for a North Bay Channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide from mile 0.75 to mile 4.29; a channel 400 feet wide and 30 feet deep from mile 4.29 to mile 5.00, thence 26 feet deep to the foot of N Street, Eureka; a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide from mile 4.29 across Indian Island Shoal to Samoa, at mile 5.84; a channel 18 feet deep and 150 feet wide to Arcata wharf; and a channel 26 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Fields Landing, with a turning basin 600 feet wide and 800 feet long off the Fields Land- ing wharf. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.4 feet at the south jetty and 6.7 feet at Eureka. The extreme range is 12.5 feet at the south jetty and 12 feet at Eureka. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1955, was $3,283,705, exclusive of $95,000 contributed by local interests and of amounts expended on the previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $249,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 July 3, 1930 Rebuilding the jetties ------... - - For depth of 20 feet and widths of 250 and ----..... 300 feet in - H. H---- Doc. 950, 60th Cong., 1st sess. H. Doe. 755, 69th Cong., 2d sess. the bay channels and for the channel to Arcata wharf. Aug. 30, 1935 For entrance channel, 500 feet wide, 30 feet deep-...... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 14, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 For widths of 400 feet in Eureka Channel and 300 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee in Samoa and Fields Landing Channels, and for Doe. 11, 75th Cong., 1st sess. construction of Fields Landing turning basin, 600 feet wide and 800 feet long, all to a depth of 26 feet. July 16, 19521 For deepening to 40 feet and widening bar and en- H. Doec. 143, 82d Cong., 1st sess. trance channel; deepening Eureka and Samoa (contains latest published map). Channels to 30 feet; and for construction of North Bay Channel, 400 feet wide, 30 feet deep. 1 Public Law 549, 82d Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. Local interests are required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas required for maintenance dredging, RIVERSAND HARBORS-SAN FIRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1S5. Terminal facilities. There are 28 wharves and.piers, 2 of which are publicly owned; 4 oil terminals; 4 boat-building and repair plants; 1 boat icing plant; 7 small boat fueling stations; 2 small yacht and fishboat basins, 1 of which is pblicly oWned; and nimer- ous log boois aid smali laniidigs exclusive of facilities owned by the United States. These facilities are cotisidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fleal year: As mainthlhidn engineering and designi, including diedginig surveys, were accom- plished and the U. S. hopper dredge Biddle removed 161,300 cubic yards of material from the bar and entrance channel, 116,500 cubic yards from the North Bay Channel, 14,807 cubic yards from Eureka Channel, and 94,600 cuie yards from SamoaChannel, at i a cost of $175,648; ri d preliiir,fy engineering anid design fior rejp ir of the jetties was accomiplished at a ,cost of $410. The total project maintenance cost during the fiscal year was $175,958. In addition, a reconnaissance and condition survey of a portion of the project was accomplished at a cost of $1,472. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in December 1954. The north jetty was completed in 1925; the south jetty in 1927; Arcata Channel in 1931; the entrance channel, 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide, in 1935; Fields Landing Channel and turning basin and Eureka and Samoa Channels, to a depth of 26 feet, in 1939. The controlling depths over the various channels on the dates indicated were as follows: In June 1955, entrance channel 39 feet; in September 1955, channel between the jetties 36 feet; in October 1955, North Bay Channel 30 feet, Samoa Channel 30 feet, Eureka Channel 25 feet to D Street thence 11.5 feet to head of project, and Fields Landing Channel 25.5 feet. In May 1937, Arcata Channel (no longer in use) was 18 feet. The total costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Totaf costs costs costs Regular funds....---------------------------------------- $3,283,705 $5,370,487 $8,654,192 Contributed funds-_---------------------------------- 95,000 ---------------- 95,000 .................--------------------------------- Total---- $3,378,705 5,370,487 192 8,749, Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated....------.... ---------- ------------ $250,000 $254,817-. - $5,545,076 Cost-------------------..------------ .. 245,872 258,945-- 5,545,076 Maintenance: Appropriated--...------ $10,000 $116,850 1,300 106,900 $176,200 5,468,753 ost---------------- 22,197 110,999 5,582 108,667 175,958 5,468,693 1Includes $2,261,371 fornew work and $98,206 for maintenance on previous project, s Exclusive of contributed funds of $95,000 for new work on the existing project, 1552 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 3. SAN FRANCISCO HARBOR, CALIF. Location. The works included under this project are in San Francisco Bay, in the vicinity of San Francisco, and in the ap- proach channels to the Golden Gate, the bay entrance. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5532.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 25, 1868, June 10, 1872, June 23, 1874, March 3, 1899, June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910, and September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 1978 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1749 of Annual Report for 1921, page 1633 of Annual Report for 1929, and page 1669 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel through the San Francisco Bar on the line of the main ship channel, 50 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide; the removal of Presidio Shoal, Black Point Shoal, Rincon Reef Rock (inner), Rincon Reef Rock (outer), Blossom Rock, and Alcatraz Shoal westward of a north-and-south line 2,500 feet west of Alcatraz Light, to a depth of 40 feet; the removal of Arch Rock, Shag Rocks 1 and 2, Harding Rock, Rac- coon Shoal, Point Knox Shoal westward of a north-and-south line through Point Stuart Light, and a portion of the shoal channel- ward of the pierhead line near the mouth of Islais Creek, to a depth of 35 feet; and for dredging a channel 750 feet wide and 10 feet deep from that depth in the bay to San Francisco Airport ending in a basin 10 feet deep and approximately 2,000 feet in width. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.7 feet at Fort Point and 7.2 feet at the San Francisco Airport. The extreme ranges at the foregoing localities are 10.6 and 12 feet, respectively. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $1,790,000, of which $1,655,000 is Federal cost and $135,000 is the amount contributed by local interests. The latest approved estimate of an- nual cost of maintenance (1956) is $190,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21, 1927 Dredging at Islais Creek.------- -----.--- ------- H. Doe. 337, 69th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Removal of Presidio Shoal, Rincon Reef Rock H. Doc. 196, 70th Cong., 1st sess. (inner), Rincon Reef Rock (outer), Blossom Rock, and Alcatraz Shoal to depth of 40 feet, mean lower low water; removal of Arch Rock, Shag Rocks 1 and 2, and Harding Rock to depth of 35 feet; removal of Raccoon Shoal and Point Knox Shoal, westward of a north-and-south line through Point Stuart Light to depth of 35 feet. Aug. 30, 19351 For a 50-foot depth in the bar main ship channel, 2,000 Rivers and Harbors Committee feet wide, removal of Black Point Shoal to a depth Doc. 50, 72d Cong., 2d sess.' of 40 feet and certain modifications of the areas to be deepened on Alcatraz and Islais Creek Shoals, and abandonment of the 34-foot depth area south of the flared approach channel to Islais Creek. Aug. 26, 1937 For the channel to the San Francisco Airport 750 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee wide and 10 feet deep ending in a basin 2,000 feet Doc. 12, 75th Cong., 1st sess.2 wide. 1 Included in part in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. ' Contains latest published maps. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1553 Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The act of August 26, 1937, requires that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitably bulkheaded spoil-disposal areas for maintenance of the channel to the San Francisco Airport. Terminal facilities. The State of California owns 66 piers, a large passenger ferry terminal, and 4 car-ferry terminals in the harbor. In addition, there are 24 privately owned wharves and piers, 1 shipbuilding yard, 2 shipbuilding and repair plants, a fish- boat harbor, and a yacht harbor. These facilities are exclusive of those owned by the United States and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, engineering and design, including dredging surveys, was accom- plished and the U. S. hopper dredge Biddle removed 309,800 cubic yards of material from the main ship channel, 47,039 cubic yards from Presidio Shoal, and 67,954 cubic yards from Islais Creek Shoal, at a cost of $99,080 for project maintenance. In addition, a reconnaissance and condition survey of a portion of the project was accomplished at a cost of $358. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 90 percent completed. The work remaining to be done is the completion of the bar channel and the removal of Raccoon Shoal. The dredging of Islais Creek Shoal was completed in 1930, the deepening of Presidio Shoal in 1931, the removal of the various rocks in 1932, the deepening of Point Knox Shoal in 1934, the deepening of Alcatraz Shoal in 1936, the deepening of Black Point Shoal in 1937, and the dredging of the channel and basin at the San Francisco Airport in 1941. The controlling depths over various portions of the project on the dates indicated were as follows: Main ship channel, 46 feet, May 1956; Presidio Shoal 36 feet, February 1956; Black Point Shoal 35 feet, March 1955; Rincon Reef Rock (inner) 41 feet, March 1946; Rincon Reef Rock (outer) 40 feet, July 1933; Blossom Rock 40 feet, October 1950; Alcatraz Shoal 32.5 feet, March 1955; Arch and Harding Rocks 33 feet, and Shag Rocks 1 and 2, 36 feet, December 1949; Point Knox Shoal 37 feet, April 1955; Raccoon Strait Shoal 28.5 feet, March 1955; Islais Creek Shoal 31 feet, September 1955; channel and basin at San Francisco Airport 7 feet in southerly two-thirds of the channel and north- easterly portion of the basin in October 1954, and 5 feet in re- mainder of channel and basin in September 1953. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds...- ------------------------------- $1,167,038 $1,393,146 $2,560,184 Public works funds ---------------------------------- 193,000 ---------------- 193,000 Contributed funds---------------------------------- 134, 591 - --------- 134, 6591 Total--...... -... -....... --........... 1,494,629 1,393,146 2,887,775 1554 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ---------------- ------------------------ ----------- $2,390,437 Cost------------------- ------------ ----------------------------------- 2,390,437 Maintenance: Appropriated------- $74,000 $175,067 $76,000 $459,200 $99,650 1,868,468 Cost ---------------- 80,670 175,061 74,696 461,712 99,080 1,868,467 1 Includes $1,030,399 for new work and $475,321 for maintenance on previous projects. 2 Exclusive of contributed funds of $134,591 for new work on existing project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ _____------- $294, 962 4. SAN FRANCISCO HARBOR AND BAY, CALIF. (Collection and removal of drift) Location. This project applies to San Francisco Bay, lower San Francisco Bay, Oakland Harbor, Richmond Harbor, San Pablo Bay and Mare Island Strait, Richardson Bay, and their tributaries. Existing project. This provides for the collection and removal of drift from San Francisco Bay and its tributary waters. The (1956) estimate of cost for new work (initial acquisition of plant and equipment) is $1,180,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $203,900. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. No. 286, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Described in pertinent separate project descriptions. Operations 'and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, floating debris was collected and disposed of from the project waterways at a cost of $62,038. Condition at end of fiscal year. No new work funds have been appropriated. Operations under the existing project were com- menced July 1, 1950. Costs for the removal of drift previous to that time were carried as maintenance on applicable authorized river and harbor projects in the area. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year, all for maintenance, was $368,434. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 Maintenance: Appropriated...-----....._ $52,000 $62,500 $69,000 $62,800 $62, 500 $368,800 Cost----------------- 59,682 52,742 70,191 67,462 62,038 368,434 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____-_ $1, 180, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1555 5. PETALUMA CREEK, CALIF. Location. This stream rises in the hills north of Petaluma, flows southeasterly about 20 miles, and empties into the northwest side of San Pablo Bay about 22 miles from San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5533.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, July 13, 1892, July 18, 1918, and March 3, 1925. For further details, see page 1982 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1665 of Annual Report for 1929, and page 1684 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide in San Pablo Bay to the mouth of the creek; thence 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the creek to Western Avenue, Petaluma, including a depth of 8 feet in the turning basin; thence 4 feet deep and 50 feet wide to Washington Street Bridge; thence 4 feet deep and 40 feet wide to a point 935 feet above the Washing- ton Street Bridge. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The length of the section under improvement is 19.5 miles, of which 5 miles are in San Pablo Bay downstream from the mouth of the creek. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.1 feet at the entrance and 6.6 feet at the head of navigation, with an extreme range of 10 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1933, was $85,063, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $55,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. 183, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The act of July 3, 1930, requires that local interests furnish satisfactory areas with necessary levees, spillways, and drainage works for the proper disposal of spoil from maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are 22 wharves and piers, 1 small yacht harbor with fueling facilities, and 11 small landings, all privately owned. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, engineering and design was accomplished by hired labor, mobiliza- tion was completed for dredging the upper reaches of the project by contract, and 15,000 cubic yards of material were removed by contract at a total cost of $17,677 for project maintenance. In addition, a reconnaissance and condition survey of portions of the project was accomplished at a cost of $2,451. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1933. The controlling depths were as follows: In September 1954, 5 feet in the channel across the flats in San Pablo Bay and 7.5 feet to Haystack Landing; in March 1956, 5 feet to McNear Canal, 3.5 feet to shoal area at F Street, 0.5 foot at shoal area, 1.5 1556 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 feet to turning basin, 0.5 foot to Western Avenue, and thence 1.0 foot to the head of the project. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $85,063 for new work and $644,725 for maintenance, a total of $729,788. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated - - ___------------_-------- ---------------- ------ ------ $297,146 Cost_------ ----------------------------------------------- ---- ------ 297,146 Maintenance: Appropriated-----....... $194, 000 $7,475 $5,700 $700 $68,928 1,010,740 Cost-----------------................. 8,475 191,688 2,989 4,651 17,677 959,417 1Includes $212,083 for new work and $314,692 for maintenance of previous project. 2 Exclusive of contributed funds of $15,559 for new work on the previous project. 6. SAN PABLO BAY AND MARE ISLAND STRAIT, CALIF. Location. The channel extends from a point in the lower end of San Pablo Bay west of Pinole Point in a general northeasterly di- rection across Pinole Shoal in San Pablo Bay to the junction of Carquinez Strait and Mare Island Strait, thence northwesterly in Mare Island Strait along the frontage of the Mare Island Navy Yard. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5533.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 13, 1902, February 27, 1911, and August 8, 1917. For further details, see page 1680, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel across Pinole Shoal in San Pablo Bay 600 feet wide and 35 feet deep; thence through Mare Island Strait a channel 700 feet wide and 30 feet deep flaring to a turning basin generally 1,000 feet wide from former dike 6, Mare Island, to a line 75 feet southerly from the causeway between Vallejo and Mare Island, 30 feet deep, except at the northerly end where the project depth is 26 feet. The project provides also for 2 approach areas 20 feet deep to within 50 feet of the pierhead line adjacent to the improved waterfront at Vallejo and South Vallejo and for maintenance of the 2 approach areas to the navy yard piers at the southern end of Mare Island. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.8 feet at the lower end of San Pablo Bay, and 6 feet opposite the Mare Island Navy Yard, with an extreme range of about 10 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $403,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $221,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1557 Acts Work authorized Documents Feb. 27, 1911 A depth of 30 feet through Pinole Shoal------------.............. H. Doc. 1103, 60th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 A depth of 35 feet and the Mare Island Strait Channel H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. and turning basin. Jan. 21, 1927 Increasing width of the channel to 600 feet and de- H. Doc. 104, 69th Cong., 1st sess. creasing channel and turning basin depth in Mare Island Strait to 30 feet. June 20, 1938 Increasing width of the channel in Mare Island Strait H. Doc. 644, 75th Cong., 3d sess. to 700 feet and increasing length of turning basin. Mar. 2, 1945 Approach areas at Vallejo and South Vallejo and H. Doc. 217, 77th Cong., 1st sess. maintenance of approach areas to navy yard piers (contains latest published map). at south end of Mare Island. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are 3 wharves along the southern shore of San Pablo Bay; in Mare Island Strait there are 6 wharves, 2 ferry slips, and 3 small boat moorings, in addition to the Navy Yard facilities. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, engineering and design, including dredging surveys, was accom- plished and the U. S. hopper dredge Rossell removed 1,134,835 cubic yards of material from Mare Island Strait at a cost of $214,997 for project maintenance. In addition, a reconnaissance and condition survey of a portion of the project was accomplished at a cost of $841. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is about 97 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the dredging of the two approach channels adjacent to Vallejo and South Vallejo. Pinole Shoal Channel was completed in 1929. The Mare Island Strait Channel and turning basin was completed in 1943. The controlling depths were as follows: Pinole Shoal Channel, 34 feet, from a condition survey of January 1954 and a recon- naissance survey of May 1955; Mare Island Strait, 26.5 feet to the city wharf, February 1956, and thence 23 feet to the head of the project, October 1955. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $282,669 for new work and $4,014,778 for maintenance, a total of $4,297,447. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated .......---------- --------- ----------- ------------ ----------- $1,369,372 Cost-....-----.............------------------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 1,369,372 Maintenance: Appropriated- ------ $185,900 $103,634 $308,000 $214,000 $215,250 5,374,187 Cost ---------------- 227,974 48,749 357,837 219,613 214,997 5,374,158 1Includes $1,086,703 for new work and $1,359,380 for maintenance of previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ---- - $120, 331 1558 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEIERS, U. S. ARMY, 1950 7.:RHMON HIARBOR, CALIF' , Location. This harbor is on the eastern shore of an Francisco Bai about 10 miles north of Oakland. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 5532.) Existing,project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide adjacent to Southampton Shoal from deep water in San Francisco Bay to the outer harbor; an approach area to iCdhiond long wharf 35 feet deep and 3,670 feet long as measured parallel to, and 15 feet bayward of, the pierhead line; for an inner harbor entrance channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide from deep water to Point Richmond, with a turning basin at that point; thence a channel 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide flaring to about 600 feet at Point Potrero with a turn at that point 1,150 feet wide and 8 feet deep except for a depth of 30 feet at the southerly apex of the bend; thence 35 feet deep and 850 feet wide to the entrance to Santa Fe Channel; thence 35 feet deep and 200 feet wide in Santa Fe Channel for approximately 2,000 feet, and maintenance to a depth of 30 feet of the remainder of Santa Fe Channel and basin; for approach areas 32 feet deep to within 75 feet of the pierhead line in the outer harbor at Point San Pablo and Point Orient; for a channel 20 feet deep, 150 feet wide, and about 2,000 feet long from deep water in San Pablo Bay easterly along the north side of Point San Pablo; and for a rubblemound training wall 10,000 feet long extending westerly from Brooks Island. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.8 feet, with an extreme range of about 11 feet. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $3,689,000, of which $3,164,000 is Federal cost and $525,000 is the amount contributed by local interests. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance (1956) is $122,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River And Harbor Acts; RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1559 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 8, 1917 Channel 24 feet deep and 600 feet wide from San H. Doc. 515, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Francisco Bay to Ellis Slough (Santa Fe Channel); a turning basin at Point Potrero; a training wall. July 3, 1930 A 30-foot channel with lessened widths; a turning Rivers and Harbors Committee basin at head of navigation. Doc. 16, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 19351 Increased project widths in inner harbor, mainten- Rivers and Harbors Committee ance of Santa Fe Channel to 30 feet; approach areas Doc. 7, 73d Cong., 1st sess., and in outer harbor to 32 feet. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 10, 74th Cong., 1st sess. June 20, 1938 Widening channel at Point Potrero and north thereof; H. Doc. 598, 75th Cong., 3d sess. enlarging and subsequently maintaining to 30-foot depth the turning basin at terminal No. 1. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 20 feet deep, 150 feet wide, in San Pablo Bay H. Doc. 715, 76th Cong., 3d sess. north of Point San Pablo. Sept. 3, 1954 Channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide adjacent to H. Doc. 395, 83d Cong., 2d sess.2 Southampton Shoal; enlarging and deepening ap- proach area to Richmond long wharf; widening and deepening inner harbor and entrance channels; deepening turning basin at Point Richmond and the southerly 2,000 feet of Santa Fe Channel. Elim- inates restriction that widening north of Point Potrero will not be undertaken until local interests have furnished assurances that industries will avail themselves of the improved navigation fa- cilities. 1 Included in part in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all neces- sary easements for the improvement and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance; hold and save the United States free from all damages due to construction and maintenance of the work; and construct and maintain suitable wharves, shiploading facilities, and cargo-storage and handling facilities adjacent to the deepened portion of Santa Fe Channel, with the provision that such wharves and facilities, intended for public use, shall be open to all on equal terms. Assurances guar- anteeing fulfillment of the requirements of local cooperation were furnished by Resolution No. 6062 adopted by the city of Richmond August 8, 1955, and accepted by the District Engineer September 29, 1955. The required additional terminal and transfer facili- ties have been constructed and are in operation, and the necessary easements, rights-of-way, and disposal areas have been provided. All prior requirements of local cooperation have been fully com- plied with. Terminal facilities. In the inner harbor there are 4 deepwater terminals, 2 oil distribution terminals, a shipyard, a rail car ferry terminal, 4 privately owned wharves, and several small wharves for the mooring of floating equipment. In the outer harbor there are 2 oil distribution terminals, a passenger and auto ferry term- inal, a deepwater terminal, a privately owned wharf for handling sand and cement, and about 10 fish-receiving wharves. Operations and results during fiscal year. As new work, en- gineering and design, including dredging surveys, was accom- plished by hired labor; the U. S. hopper dredge Biddle removed 611,177 cubic yards of material to complete the Southampton Shoal Channel; the U. S. hopper dredges Biddle and Rossell re- moved 916,890 cubic yards of material to complete the deepening 1560 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 of the approach area to the Richmond Long wharf; plans and speci- fications were issued and a continuing contract awarded for deep- ening the entrance channel to the inner harbor and the inner harbor to Point Potrero, under which 413,400 cubic yards of ma- terial were removed from the entrance channel and 696,600 cubic yards were removed from the inner harbor; and engineering and design was accomplished by hired labor for the widening of the channel north of Point Potrero; at a total cost for new work of $595,151. As maintenance, engineering and design, including dredging surveys, was accomplished, and the U. S. hopper dredge Rossell removed 171,250 cubic yards of material from the outer harbor and the U. S. hopper dredges Rossell and Biddle removed 586,316 cubic yards from the inner harbor, at a cost of $176,428. The costs during the fiscal year were $595,151 for new work and $176,428 for maintenance, a total of $771,579. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 53 percent complete. The work remaining to be accomplished is the widening of the channel north of Point Potrero and the dredg- ing to authorized dimensions of the entrance channel to the inner harbor, including Santa Fe Channel. Dredging of the project channels was initiated in 1918 and carried on intermittently until 1940. Dredging authorized by the act of September 3, 1954, was initiated in October 1955 and the Southampton Shoal Channel and enlarging and deepening of the approach area to Richmond Long wharf were completed in March 1956. The training wall was completed in 1931, and the channel in San Pablo Bay in 1945. The controlling depths in the project channels on the dates in- dicated were as follows: March 1956, 35 feet in Southampton Shoal Channel and 31.5 feet in approach area to Richmond Long wharf; May 1956, 27 feet to southerly end of Santa Fe Channel; April 1955, 28 feet in Santa Fe Channel; April 1951, 10 feet in the channel east of Point San Pablo; June 1953, 30 feet in approach to Point San Pablo and Point Orient. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- ----------------- ------------------------ $600,000 $1,414,018 Cost--------- --------------------------------------------- 595,151 1,409,169 Maintenance: Appropriated__--.. $111,500 $114,555 $59,000 $96,900 176,450 1,480,389 Cost_ --.----------- 110,597 114,719 58,922 98,076 176,428 1,480,383 1 2 Exclusive ofcontributed funds of$524,778 fornew work and $34,800 formaintenance. Includes $100,000allotted on a loan basisduring fiscal year 1956,borrowed from fiscal year 1957 appropriation. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_--_--_ $4, 657 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 1,850, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------- 1,754, 657 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1561 8. OAKLAND HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is on the eastern side of San Francisco Bay, opposite the city of San Francisco. The inner harbor is situated between the cities of Oakland and Alameda. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5535.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, June 13, 1902, and March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1979 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1755 of Annual Report for 1921, and page 1674 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel to Oakland Outer Harbor, 35 feet deep from deep water in San Fran- cisco Bay and 800 feet wide across the shoal southeast of Yerba Buena Island, thence narrowing to 600 feet at Oakland Mole; thence a channel and turning basin 35 feet deep and from 600 to 950 feet wide in the outer harbor to the Army Base. The project also provides for an entrance channel to Oakland Inner Harbor, 30 feet deep and 800 feet wide at the bayward end, narrowing to 600 feet wide at the ends of the Oakland jetties; a channel from the ends of the jetties 30 feet deep and 600 feet wide to the west end of Government Island, with additional widening to the pierhead line in front of the Grove and Market Street (formerly municipal) piers, and widening to within 75 feet of the pierhead line along the south side of the channel from Harrison Street eastward to harbor- line point 119 in Brooklyn Basin; a channel 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide through Brooklyn Basin; for dredging to a depth of 30 feet a triangular area about 2,700 feet long and of a maximum width of 300 feet at the western end of Brooklyn Basin; mainte- nance of a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide at the north end of Brooklyn Basin; a turning basin at the east end of Brook- lyn Basin 30 feet deep, 500 feet wide, and 1,200 feet long; a navi- gation channel in the tidal canal 30 feet deep and 275 feet wide from Brooklyn Basin to Park Street, thence 18 feet deep to San Leandro Bay; a total channel length of 81/2 miles from San Fran- cisco Bay to San Leandro Bay. The project also includes parallel rubblemound jetties at the entrance to the inner harbor, a north jetty 9,500 feet long and a south jetty 12,000 feet long; and three highway bridges across the tidal canal, two of which (at Park Street and High Street) have been replaced by local interests. The railroad and highway bridges at Fruitvale Avenue are being maintained and operated by the United States. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6 feet in the outer harbor and 6.3 feet in the inner harbor at the Park Street Bridge. The extreme range is about 11 feet. The project was completed in 1931 except for deepening the tidal canal above the Park Street Bridge to 25 feet. The cost of the completed work was $2,622,031, exclusive of contributed funds in the amount of $83,547 and of amounts expended on previous projects. The uncompleted portion of the project is to be re- studied. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was 1562 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 estimated to be $489,069. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $203,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 23, 1874 Jetties ------------------------------------ Annual Report, Part II, 1874 p. 378. June 25, 1910 North channel in Brooklyn Basin and tidal canal to H. Doc. 647, 61st Cong., 2d sess. 18 feet. Sept. 22, 1922 Channel across the shoal southeast of Yerba Buena H. Doc. 144, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Island, and thence to Webster St.; south channel in Brooklyn Basin; turning basin at the east end of Brooklyn Basin; and the channel in the tidal canal from Brooklyn Basin to Park St. Jan. 21, 1927 Channel from Webster St. to Brooklyn Basi 1, the H. Doc. 407, 69th Cong., 1st sess.' 2 maintenance of the area to within 75 feet of the pier- head line south of the channel from Harrison St. to harbor line point 119 in Brooklyn Basin; dredging of a triangular strip about 2,700 feet long and maxi- mum width of 300 feet at western end of Brooklyn Basin. Apr. 28, 1928 Local cooperation requirements modified to provide Public Res. 28, 70th Cong. that alteration or replacement of bridges by local interests shall apply only to that feature of the project covering the deepening of the tidal canal to 25 feet. The drawbridges across the tidal canal were required by the 1882 decree of the court in the condemnation proceedings whereby title was obtained to the right-of-way for the tidal canal. July 3, 1930 Entrance channel to the outer harbor, 800 feet to 600 Rivers and Harbors Committee feet wide. Doc. 43, 71st Cong., 2d sess.' Mar. 2, 1945 Elimination of requirement that local interests con- H. Doc. 466, 77th Cong., 1st sess. tribute 10 cents per cubic yard toward deepening the tidal canal. Do-...... Maintenance of 35-foot depth in channel to outer har- Report on file in Office, Chief of bor and in outer harbor channel and turning basin. Engineers. 1 Contain latest published maps. 2 Included deepening of tidal canal above Park Street Bridge to 25 feet, which is to be restudied. Local cooperation. The act of January 21, 1927, as modified by the act of March 2, 1945, requires that local interests contribute one-half the cost of the entrance channel (400 feet wide) to the outer harbor and that the future maintenance by the United States of the north channel in Brooklyn Basin be contingent upon the removal by local interests of all sewers emptying therein, or, in lieu of such removal, upon the contribution of one-half the cost of mainteance (H. Doc. 407, 69th Cong., 1st sess., and H. Doc. 466, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The first of the above requirements has been fulfilled. The others have not been fulfilled. In compliance with a 1910 license issued by the Secretary of War pursuant to provisions of the act of June 25, 1910, local interests have replaced the bridges at Park Street and High Street and are operating and maintaining them. They operated and maintained a combined highway and railroad bridge at Fruitvale Avenue until 1942 when the California Court of Appeals ruled that it was illegal for the County of Alameda to use appropriated funds for the sole benefit of a private corporation. The Southern Pacific Railroad Co. operated trains over the combined bridge until June 1951 when a separate railroad bridge, constructed for its use by the Federal Government, was placed in operation. (The railroad and highway bridges at Fruitvale Ave, are maintained and oper- ated by the United States.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1563 Terminal facilities. In the inner harbor there are 64 wharves of which 36 are owned by the Port of Oakland, 7 shipyards, and numerous small boat moorings. In the outer harbor there are 5 wharves, owned by the Port of Oakland, and 2 privately owned ferry terminals. These facilities are exclusive of those owned by the United States and are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. As maintenance, the following work, including engineering and design, was performed at the indicated costs: Removal of 384, 899 cubic yards of material from outer harbor by U. S. hopper dredge Rossell_____________________________ $84, 936 Removal of 87,648 cubic yards of material from inner harbor by U. S. hopper dredge Rossell-------------------------------40,203 Operation and maintenance of Fruitvale Avenue Highway and Railroad Bridges, by hired labor_________________ ________58, 105 Repainting Fruitvale Avenue Railroad Bridge, by contract ------- 3, 860 Miscellaneous rehabilitation of Fruitvale Avenue Highway and Railroad Bridges, by hired labor_____________________-_ 4, 515 Miscellaneous and intermittent minor rehabilitation of Fruitvale Avenue Highway and Railroad Bridges, by contract__________- 8, 082 Total maintenance during fiscal year____________________ $209, 701 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1931 except for deepening the tidal canal above Park Street Bridge to 25 feet, which is to be restudied. The jetties were completed in 1894. The 35-foot depth in the channel to the outer harbor was obtained in 1942 with military funds. The controlling depths in the project channels on the dates indi- cated were as follows: January 1956, 32 feet in the entrance channel to the outer harbor and 31 feet in the outer harbor; July 1954, 28.5 feet in the entrance channel to the inner harbor; March 1955, 28.5 feet in the inner harbor to Fortmann Basin, 26.5 feet to the westerly end of Government Island; 27 feet, December 1955, to Park Street Bridge; June 1952, 16 feet in tidal canal to Fruitvale Avenue Bridge; August 1950, 17 feet in tidal canal to San Leandro Bay, and 18 feet in north channel of Brooklyn Basin. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds__----------------------------s $2,622,031 $4,998,989 $7,621,020 Contributed funds ----------------------------------- 83, 47-05,578 4,998,989 783,70 47 Total_ _-2,705,578 4,998,989 7,704,567 1564 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 195612 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------..... $5,521,263 Cost---- ------------------------------------------------------------ 5,521,263 Maintenance: Appropriated-------_ Cost---------------- $237,000 336,207 $168,250 143,352 $306,000 237,056 $195,300 300,003 $211,350 $209,701 3 5,684,121 5,683,017 1 Includes $2,899,232 for new work and $684,028 for maintenance of previous projects. 2Exclusive of contributed funds of $83,547 for new work on the existing project. 3Includes $548,635 for operation and care of Fruitvale Avenue Bridges. 9. REDWOOD CITY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Redwood City Harbor is on Redwood Creek, a tribu- tary of San Francisco Bay about 20 miles south of the city of San Francisco. The project works also include a channel in San Francisco Bay east of Point San Bruno. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5531.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 5, 1884, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1979 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1672 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 500 feet wide and 30 feet deep across San Bruno Shoal in San Francisco Bay; a channel 300 feet wide and 30 feet deep to the vicinity of the con- fluence of West Point Slough and Redwood Creek, with a basin at that location 2,200 feet long and from 400 to 900 feet wide; thence a channel 400 feet wide, 30 feet deep, and approximately 1,300 feet long flaring to a second turning basin approximately 900 feet wide, 1,700 feet long, and 30 feet deep; thence a channel 150 feet wide and 5 feet deep extending to Steinberger Slough. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.9 feet at Point San Bruno and 7.9 feet at Redwood City. The extreme ranges are estimated to be 12 feet and 13 feet at the respective localities. The authorized channel across San Bruno Shoal is about 41/3 miles long. In the creek, the authorized deepwater channel is 3.4 miles long including the basins, and the 5-foot chan- nel extends to mile 4.3. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $1,960,000, of which $1,840,000 is Federal cost and $120,000 is the amount contributed by local interests. The latest approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance (1956) is $98,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1565 Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 A 5-foot channel to Steinberger Slough_-...-....-... H. Doc. 307, 61st Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 A 20-foot channel to West Point Slough. ----------- H. Doc. 142, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935A 27-foot channel to West Point Slough and a turn- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing basin 27 feet deep, 1,800 feet long, and 700 feet Doc. 10, 73d Cong., 1st sess. wide. Mar. 2, 1945 A 30-foot channel across San Bruno Shoal and en- H. Doc. 94, 79th Cong., 1st sess. larging and deepening the 27-foot channel and turning basin in Redwood Creek to 30 feet. May 17, 1950 Extending the 30-foot channel 1,300 feet upstream H. Doc. 104, 81st Cong., 1st sess. and provi ing a second turning basin 30 feet deep, (contains latest published map). 900 feet wide, and 1,700 feet long at junction of Red- wood Creek and Boundary Slough. Project name changed from Redwood Creek, Calif., to Redwood City Harbor, Calif. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The act of August 30, 1935, requires that local interests furnish areas for disposal of dredged materials removed during maintenance. No local cooperation is required by the act of March 2, 1945, but local interests have voluntarily offered to provide necessary spoil-disposal areas and impounding works. The act of May 17, 1950, requires that the port of Redwood City give as- surances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that it will (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all necessary land, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas with necessary impounding works, for the construction and subsequent main- tenance of the project, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works; (3) arrange with respon- sible local interests to relocate, without cost to the United States, the municipal yacht harbor and provide new facilities at least equal to those now available; (4) maintain at its own expense the existing public terminal and construct and maintain, without cost to the United States, an additional public wharf, sufficient in size to accommodate a modern cargo vessel, located on the proposed extension of the project, with the understanding that all public terminals shall be open to all on equal terms. The board of port commissioners of the city of Redwood City has furnished resolu- tions of intent to comply with these requirements. Preliminary plans for relocating the municipal yacht harbor have been com- pleted. In addition, the port has expended in excess of $200,000 in recent years for additions and improvements to existing munici- pally owned and operated shore facilities. In 1951 the Leslie Salt Company placed in operation a multimillion dollar salt-production, storage, and bulk shiploading facility at the upper limit of the up- stream turning basin authorized by the act of May 17, 1950. To provide access to the shiploading facility, they have dredged and are maintaining a small channel and turning basin within the area included in the authorized, but unconstructed, portion of the Federal project. The bulk loading facilities are available for public use through contractual arrangements with the Port of Redwood City. Terminal facilities. There are 3 municipally owned wharves, 4 privately owned wharves, a boat repair yard, a bulk salt loading 1566 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U, S. ARMY, 1956 facility, and a pleasure boat mooring in Redwood City Harbor. Local interests have definite plans for additional facilities to ac- commodate anticipated increases in commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, en- gineering and design, including dredging surveys, was accom- plished and the U. S. hopper dredges Davison and Rossell removed 389,532 cubic yards of material from the entrance channel and outer turning basin at a cost of $116,024 for project maintenance. In addition, a reconnaissance and condition survey of a portion of the project was made at a cost of $199. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 20 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the widening and deepening of the channel across San Bruno Shoal, and of the channel and turning basin in Redwood Creek as authorized by the act of March 2, 1945, and the channel and turning basin in Red- wood Creek as authorized by the act of May 17, 1950. The controlling depths in the various channels on the dates in- dicated were as follows: March 1956, 28.5 feet in San Bruno Shoal Channel, 26 feet in San Francisco Bay to the outer turning basin, and 23.5 feet in turning basin; May 1954, 10 feet to the municipal yacht harbor, and 3.5 feet to Steinberger Slough, except at extreme end of project where depth was 1.5 feet. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds ------------------------------------- $129, 893 $787,301 $917,194 Contributed funds---------------------------------- 119,572 ---------- 119,572 Total_ .---------------------------------------- 249,465 787,301 1,036,766 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated----------------------------------------------------------- $161,336 Cost .1- --------------------- ----------- Maintenance: ------------ ------------ ----------- 161,336 Appropriated--------........ $3,000 $100,725 $24,000 $78,270 $116,400 788,021 Cost ----------------- 3,176 98,373 26,119 78,606 116,024 787,301 1Includes $31,443 for new work on previous projects. 2Exclusive of contributed funds of $119,572 for new work on existing project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__ _ ____ $1, 710, 107 10. HALFMOON BAY, CALIF. Location. Located on the coast of California about 15 miles south of San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5520.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1567 Existing project. This provides for the construction of two rubblemound breakwaters each approximately 4,400 feet long. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.5 feet. The extreme range is about 8 feet. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $6,850,000, of which $6,750,000 is Federal cost, excluding $12,100 for aids to navigation, and $100,000 is the amount to be contributed by local interests. The latest approved estimate of an- nual cost of maintenance (1956) is $43,800. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948. (H. Doc. 644, 80th Cong., 2d sess.) The latest published map is contained in that document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948, requires that local interests establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to administer the harbor facilities, and furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of the Army that they will: (1) make available to the United States the right to obtain, free of royalty costs, the necessary stone for the initial construction and future maintenance of the breakwaters from a source or sources acceptable to the district engineer, when and as required; (2) provide without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the construction and maintenance of the project; (3) hold and save the United States free from claims for damages due to con- struction and maintenance of the project; (4) provide and main- tain without cost to the United States necessary utilities and moor- ing facilities including a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal and reasonable terms; and (5) con- tribute toward the first cost of the improvement the sum of $100,000. Local interests have established the San Mateo County Harbor District which has furnished assurances that it is willing and able to comply with the requirements of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. There are 3 privately owned piers, each with boat-fueling facilities and 1 with sardine conveyor pipeline to a plant located on shore. These facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. As new work engin- eering and design, a reanalysis was made of the economic benefits of the project and an Economic Analysis Design Memorandum completed, at a cost of $4,125. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on this project. Engineering and design is approximately 43 percent complete. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $41,000 for new work. 1568 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$38,125 ---------.... ------------------------ $5,000 $41,875 Cost.--------------- 5,630 ----------.------------------------ 4,125 41,000 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ __ - $875 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 53, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------------- --- 53,875 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ -------- $6, 655, 125 11. MOSS LANDING HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is approximately 80 miles south of San Francisco Harbor on Monterey Bay about midway between the cities of Santa Cruz and Monterey. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 5403.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 200 feet wide and 15 feet deep, protected by jetties, from Monterey Bay into the inner lagoon at Moss Landing, thence a channel in the lagoon, 100 feet wide, 15 feet deep, and approximately 3,200 feet long extending southerly from the entrance, with a flared widening to a width of 200 feet for a length of 400 feet at the southerly end. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.3 feet with an estimated extreme range of 10.5 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1947, was $343,552. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (Report on file in the Office of the Chief of Engineers.) No map has been published. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. Local interests are required to furnish necessary rights- of-way and suitably bulkheaded spoil-disposal areas for mainte- nance work. Terminal facilities. There are 5 piers, 1 of which has boat fuel- ing facilities, 1 oil receiving terminal, and a number of mooring facilities within the protected harbor. Outside the harbor in Monterey Bay there is 1 privately owned submerged petroleum pipeline and 1 pier which is used for receipts of petroleum prod- ucts. These facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. (See table of navi- gation projects on which reconnaissance and condition surveys only were conducted during the fiscal year.) Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1947. The controlling depths, as indicated by a condition survey RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1569 of May 1955 and a reconnaissance survey of September 1955, were 10 feet in the entrance channel except near the south edge which was 5 feet, and 13 feet in the inner channel and turning basin. The cost-of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $338,215 for new work and $870,180 for maintenance, a total of $1,208,395, exclusive of surplus material from Corps of Engin- eers' military activities. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Cost ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Appropriated........ a _ Cost-------- _. ----------------------------------------------------------- 1$338,215 338, 215 '338,215 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $3,500 $134,200 -$19,000 $3,700 -$420 870,180 Cost----------------- 2,886 79,145 35, 907 4, 041 -----------. 870,180 1 Exclusive of $5,337 surplus material from Corps of Engineers' military activities. 2 Exclusive of $8,539 surplus material from Corps of Engineers' military activities. 12. NAWILIWILI HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the southwest coast of the island of Kauai, and about 100 nautical miles northwest of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4111.) Existing project. This provides for a rubble-mound break- water about 2,150 feet in length; for an entrance channel 40 feet deep with a minimum width of 600 feet and a length of about 2,400 feet; for a harbor basin 35 feet deep, with a maximum width of 1,540 feet and a maximum length of 1,950 feet; and a revetted fill on the west side of the harbor. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 1.8 feet. The extreme tidal range is about 4 feet. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $2,510,000, of which $2,267,000 is Federal cost and $243,000 is the amount contributed by local interests. The latest approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance (1956) is $29,400. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1919 An entrance channel 35 feet deep; a harbor basin H. Doc. 609,62d Cong., 2d sess. 1,100 feet wide, 35 feet deep, and about 1,950 feet as modified by the Chief of long; and a rubblemound breakwater. Engineers. Sept. 3, 1954 Deepening entrance channel to 40 feet; enlarging har- H. D ,c.453, 83d Cong., 2d sess. bor basin; and constructing a revetted fill area. (contains latest published map). (Modified by the Chief of Engineers.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work authorized by the act of March 2, 1919. The act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests (1) furnish free of cost to the United States 1570 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and quarrying rights necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvements, and suit- able spoil-disposal areas for the new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and mainte- nance of the improvements; (3) contribute in cash a sum suffi- cient to pay for the total cost of construction of the revetment of the fill area; (4) maintain the revetment; (5) provide, maintain, and operate adequate terminal and transfer facilities open to all on equal terms; and (6) operate the improved harbor in accord- ance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Resolution No. 37 adopted August 16, 1955, by the Board of Harbor Commissioners of the Territory of Hawaii, providing formal assurances of local cooperation required by the act of Sep- tember 3, 1954, was accepted by the district engineer on October 28, 1955. A cash contribution in the amount of $43,000 was re- ceived from the Territory of Hawaii in November 1955 as payment for the cost of construction of the revetment. Terminal facilities. The Territory of Hawaii owns a reinforced concrete wharf with two sheds thereon. Pipelines for kerosene, gasoline, molasses, and water are available. There is also a bulk sugar plant of 28,000-ton storage capacity. The facilities of the harbor are open to all on equal terms and are considered adequate for existing comerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The following new work, including engineering and design, was accomplished, at a total cost of $588,553, of which $577,836 was for regular funds and $10,717 was for contributed funds: Regular funds: The U. S. hopper dredge Davison removed 372,347 cubic yards of material to deepen the entrance channel. By contract, submarine blasting of the outer entrance channel was completed; approximately 365,360 cubic yards of material was dredged to enlarge the harbor basin; and 85 percent of the disposal area dike was constructed. Contributed funds: By contract, 13 percent of the disposal area revetment was completed. As maintenance, engineering and design, including dredging surveys, was accomplished and the U. S. hopper dredge Davison removed 395,811 cubic yards of material from the entrance chan- nel and harbor basin, at a cost of $184,094, and engineering and design for repair of the damaged breakwater was accomplished at a cost of $3,755, for a total maintenance cost of $187,849. The costs during the fiscal year for new work were $577,836 for regular funds and $10,717 for contributed funds, a total for new work of $588,553; and for maintenance, from regular funds, $187,849; a total for the fiscal year of $776,402. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. The project is approximately 79 percent complete. The work authorized by the act of March 2, 1919, was completed in 1930. The breakwater, which was dam- aged in 1954, has not been rehabilitated. The controlling depths in May 1956 were 40 feet in the entrance channel and 34 feet in the harbor basin. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1571 The costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds.......----------------------------------- $1,775,014 $526,897 $2,301,911 Contributed funds . . .. .. ................. 210,717 . .. . ...-- 210,717 Total...................... .............-------------------------------------- 1,985,731 526,897 2,512,628 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----........-- ------ ------ --------. --------- 2 $760,000 2 $1,957,178 Cost_ ------- ------------ - ------------ ------------ ------------ 577,837 -1,775,014 Maintenance: ....... Appropriated------- $4,006 $3,450 $5,000 $5,432 194,700 538,983 Cost----------------- 31,215 3, 010 4,153 6,906 187,849 1526,897 1 Exclusive of $4,187 expended for rock stockpile. 2 Includes $260,000 allotted on a loan basis during fiscal year 1956. $125,000 borrowed from Crescent City Harbor project $135,000 borrowed from fiscal year 1957 appropriation. Other new work data: Unobligated balance fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_- $47, 329 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 570, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _-_ ________________ _______-___ 357,329 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------ $43,000 $243,000 Cost --------- ---------------------------------------------- 10,717 210,717 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------- $10, 751 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________- __-- __-- ----------- 10, 751 13. PORT ALLEN HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is located in Hanapepe Bay on the south- ern coast of the island of Kauai, about 110 nautical miles north- west of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4108.) Existing project. This provides for a rubblemound breakwater about 1,200 feet long on the east side of the bay; for the dredging of a harbor basin about 1,200 feet wide, 1,500 feet long, and 35 feet deep; and an entrance channel 500 feet wide and 35 feet deep. 1572 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 1.7 feet, and the extreme tidal range under ordinary conditions is 2.7 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1948, was $752,645, exclusive of $200,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $9,400. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts : Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 19351 Construction of a breakwater 1,200 feet long; dredging H. Doc. 30, 73d Cong., 1st sess. of a harbor basin about 1,000 feet wide, 1,500 feet long, and 35 feet deep; and an entrance channel 500 feet wide and 35 feet deep. Mar. 2, 1945 Additional dre lging of an area at the northerly side H. Doc. 180, 77th Cong., 1st sess. of the existing project 200 feet wide, 1,200 feet long, (contains latest published map). and 35 feet dee >. 1Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The Territory of Hawaii owns a concrete wharf with a concrete-steel transit shed. The wharf is operated by the Territoral Board of Harbor Commissioners, and is open to shipping on equal terms. Pipelines for oil and molasses and a sugar conveyor are available. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, engineering and design, including dredging surveys, was accom- plished and the U. S. hopper dredge Davison removed 122,136 cubic yards of material from the harbor basin, at a cost of $35,161. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1948. The work authorized by the act of August 30, 1935, was completed in September 1935. The controlling depth in April 1956 was 35 feet in the harbor basin. The costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work costs Maintenance costs Total costs Regular funds---- .....------------------ $72,645 $118,838 $191,483 Public works funds-_ _--------.-.-.. --.-. 680,000 ---.-.-------------- 680,000 Contributed funds_ _---------------------- 200,000 .--.---------------- 200, 000 Total_ _ . .-.--------------------.. . $952,645 $118,838 $1,071,483 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1573 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------. ------------------------ ------------ ------------ $752,645 Cost-------- ------------ ------------------------------------------------ 752,645 Maintenance: -------- Appropriated........ $4,000 $3,100 $5,000 -$1,350 $35,275 118,873 Cost_.-.------..-.. -- 2,737 2,760 2,521 2,812 35,161 118,838 1 Exclusive of contributed funds of $200,000 for new work. 14. HONOLULU HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the south coast of the island of Oahu, about 2,100 nautical miles from San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4109.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 40 feet deep, 500 feet wide, and 4,000 feet long; an outer harbor basin 35 feet deep, about 1,520 feet wide, and 3,300 feet long; a channel connecting the outer harbor basin with Kapalama Basin, 35 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide through the first 1,000 feet, thence 600 feet wide for a distance of 2,400 feet; an inner harbor basin (Kapalama Basin) 35 feet deep, about 1,000 feet wide, and 3,400 feet long; a slip on the easterly side of pier 39, 35 feet deep and 1,000 feet long; a second entrance channel extending seaward from the west end of Kapalama Basin, 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide for 5,850 feet, thence increasing to a width of 1,000 feet in a distance of 4,150 feet; and installation of a pontoon drawbridge or other suitable movable-type bridge across the second entrance channel, having a minimum clear horizontal draw opening of 200 feet. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 1.9 feet, and the extreme tidal range under ordinary conditions is 2.3 feet. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $7,412,000.The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance (1956) is $14,200. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1574 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1905 Deepening to 35 feet the inner harbor with a general Annual Report, 1905, p. 2565. width of 1,200 feet and easing the curve between the entrance channel and the inner harbor. Aug. 8, 1917 For the channel 1,000 feet long_ ----------------- H. Doc. 392, 64th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Channel connecting Honolulu Harbor and Kapa- H. Doc. 753, 69th Cong., 2d sess. lama Basin. Aug. 30, 19351 Enlarging entrance channel to present project dimen- H. Doc. 54, 73d Cong., 1st sess. sions, widening of the harbor basin by 320 feet and the maintenance of the improved 400-foot wide por- tion of the reserved channel. July 24, 1946 A depth of 35 feet over the full width of 600 feet H. Doc. 705, 79th Con ;., 2d sess. throughout the reserved channel; a turning basin in Kapalama Basin 35 feet deep by 1,000 feet wide and 3,000 feet long; and a slip of like depth 1,000 feet long on the easterly side of pier 39. Sept. 3, 1954 The second entrance channel; and installation of a H. Doc. 717, 81st Cong., 2d sess. movable-type bridge across the 2d entrance channel. (contains latest published map). 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The act of September 3, 1954, requires local interests to (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construc- tion and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as re- quired; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (3) relinquish to the United States, without royalty charge, all salvageable material removed from the channel; and (4) take title to the proposed drawbridge after construction and maintain and operate it in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have indicated that all requirements of local cooperation will be met. By Act 105, Session Laws of Hawaii of 1949, the Board of Harbor Commisssioners, Territory of Hawaii, was authorized to operate and pay for operation of the drawbridge across the proposed new channel. Terminal facilities. There are 37 piers and 2 marginal wharves (a 470-foot concrete wharf and a 2,600-foot timber wharf). The Federal Government owns 4 of the piers and the 2 marginal wharves. Of the remaining piers, 15 are owned by the Territory of Hawaii, administered by the Territorial Board of Harbor Com- missioners, and 18 are privately owned. All piers owned by the Territory and private concerns are open to all on equal terms. However, certain piers are reserved for certain commodities such as oil, pineapples, and bulk cement. A bulk sugar plant of 30,000- ton storage capacity is located on one of the piers. Pipelines for diesel oil, fuel oil, kerosene, gasoline, distillate, molasses, and water are available. In addition to these facilities, the United States Army has con- structed a slip for the mooring of barges and small vessels in the northerly side of Kapalama Basin adjacent to the storage and terminal facilities in the vicinity of the United States owned piers 39 and 40. There is a definite need for a powder and explosive terminal since existing facilities do not permit the proper handling of this type of cargo. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1575 Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, engineering and design, including dredging surveys, was accom- plished and the U. S. hopper dredge Davison removed 118,175 cubic yards of material from the entrance channel, outer harbor basin, connecting channel, and Kapalama Basin, at a cost of $72,383. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 55 percent complete. The work authorized prior to 1954 was completed in August 1945. The controlling depths in June 1956 were 41.7 feet in the en- trance channel, 35.4 feet in the harbor basin, 34 feet in the connect- ing channel except for a critical area of 28.8 feet along the docks, 36 feet in Kapalama Basin, and 32.7 feet in the slip easterly of pier 39. The costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds ..............-------------------..................... $3,167,563 $675,225 $3,842,788 Public works funds_ - . .----- .----------- 784,800 .--.--.. 784,800 Total_. -....-.... . .-....... - 3,952,363 675,225 4,627,588 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------.......--- ------------ ------------------------------------ $3,952,363 Cost-------------------......----------------------------------------------- 3,952,363 Maintenance: Appropriated...-----.. $8,000 $12,660 $16,000 $3,500 $72,725 675,415 Cost--_------------ 6,310 13,516 12,429 8,058 72,383 675,225 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be - appropriated for completion of existing project_ ______- _ _ $3, 459, 637 15. KAUNAKAKAI HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is located centrally on the southern coast of the island of Molokai, about 52 nautical miles southeast of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4121.) Existing project. This provides for dredging a harbor basin about 1,500 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 23 feet deep at mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 2 feet and the extreme tidal range for normal conditions is about 2.5 feet. The cost of new work under this project, completed in 1934, was $103,200. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,800. 1576 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The existing project was authorized by the Public Works Ad- ministration, September 6, 1933, and adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (H. Doc. 35, 73d Cor g., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, provides that no expense shall be incurred by the United States in acquiring any lands or easements required for maintenance of the project. Terminal facilities. There is one concrete wharf owned by the Territory of Hawaii, operated by the Terminal Board of Harbor Commissioners, and open to shipping on equal terms. The facili- ties are considered adequate. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, engineering and design, including a dredging survey, was accom- plished and the U. S. hopper dredge Davison removed 14,258 cubic yards of material from the harbor basin at a cost of $6,343. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in January 1934. The controlling depth in June 1956 was 23 feet in the harbor basin. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds---------- ---------------------------------------- $61,855 $61,855 Public works funds..................-------------------------------- $103,200 -......... ---..-. 103,200 Total_._.............. ---.. -. --------. . 103,200 61,855 165,055 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated-- ----------------------------------------------- ----------- $103,200 Cost ---------------------------------- ------------ ------------ ---------- 103,200 Maintenance: Appropriated -------------------- $2,500 $2, 800 -$468 $7, 500 63,012 Cost--------------------------- 2,342 2,359 131 6,343 61,855 16. KAHULUI HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the north coast of the island of Maui, about 90 nautical miles southeast of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4105.) Existing project. This provides for the extension of a total length of 2,850 feet of the privately constructed rubblemound breakwater on the east side of the harbor, for a rubblemound breakwater on the west side with an approximate length of 2,396 feet, and an entrance 600 feet wide between the breakwaters to a basin in the lee of the east breakwater 35 feet deep and about 2,000 feet long with a maximum width of 1,450 feet. The range of tide RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1577 between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 2.4 feet and the extreme tidal range under normal conditions is 3.4 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1931, was $1,778,560. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $50,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Extending the east breakwater and dredging the H. Doc. 593, 61st Cong., 2d sess. basin. July 27, 1916 For the west breakwater _ __-----------------------__ H. Doc. 1330, 62d Cong., 3d sess. 1 Jan. 21, 1927 Extension of both breakwaters and enlargement of H. Doc. 235, 69th Cong., 1st sess. the dredged basin. 1 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two wharves owned by the Ter- ritory of Hawaii which are operated by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners and are open to shipping on equal terms. Pipelines for fuel oil, distillate, kerosene, gasoline, molasses, and water are available. Facilities available for storing and conveying sugar in bulk consist of a 30,000-ton wooden storage building and conveying belts of various widths. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, engineering and design, including dredging surveys, was accom- plished and the U. S. hopper dredge Davison removed 112,600 cubic yards of material from the harbor basin at a cost of $44,852; and rehabilitation of the damaged breakwaters with 33-ton concrete tetrapods was initiated by contract at a cost of $308,905, including engineering and design. The total maintenance cost during the fiscal year was $353,757. 'Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in December 1931. The controlling depth in June 1956 was 35 feet in the harbor basin. Rehabilitation of the damaged break- waters is approximately 18 percent complete. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $1,778,560 for new work and $1,384,923 for maintenance, a total of $3,163,483. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: . Appropriated ---------- -- ---------------------------------------------- - $1,778,560 Cost--------- --------------------------------------------------------- 1,778,560 Maintenance: Appropriated........ -- $105, 400 -$22, 854 $6,200 $5, 300 $614, 300 1,645,261 Cost._.------------ - 5,033 81,361 6,241 8,192 353,757 1,384,923 1578 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 17. KAWAIHAE HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is in Kawaihae Bay, adjacent to the town of Kawaihae, and is on the northwest coast of the island of Hawaii, approximately 45 miles northwesterly from Hilo, island of Hawaii. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4166.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 400 feet wide and approximately 2,900 feet long to a depth of 40 feet, a harbor basin 1,250 feet square to a depth of 35 feet; and a protective breakwater with maximum crest elevation 13 feet above mean lower low water and approximately 4,400 feet long, of which 3,200 feet would be protected with heavy stone revetment. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 2.1 feet, and the extreme range under ordinary conditions is 4.5 feet. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $6,580,000. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 311, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, requires that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way and spoil- disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required, to include specifically properties landward of the harbor basin and break- water from the shoreline to the paved public highway; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construc- tion and subsequent maintenance of the project; (3) provide and maintain at their own expense adequate public terminal and transfer facilities open to all on equal terms; and (4) accomplish without cost to the United States all necessary alterations in water supply, sewerage, drainage, and other utilities. The Board of Harbor Commissioners of the Territory of Hawaii, by resolution adopted May 27, 1955, has indicated that it will comply with all requirements of local cooperation. The Legisla- ture of the Territory, by Act 95 Session Laws 1947, authorized the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners to expend $1,000,000 for harbor facilities at Kawaihae, upon approval and development of the project by the Federal Government. The Kohala Sugar Co. would abandon its wholly owned subsidiary, the Mahukona Terminals, Ltd., which represents a substantial invest- ment, and is prepared to participate jointly with other sugar companies to finance the installation of bulk sugar handling facili- ties at Kawaihae. By Act No. 136 of the 1953 session of the Territorial Legislature, the Board of Harbor Commissioners was authorized to provide partial harbor improvements at Kawaihae at a cost of $500,000. Of this amount, $300,000 was authorized for dredging a channel RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1579 and harbor basin and $200,000 was authorized for construction of terminal facilities and acquisition of lands and rights-of-way. The Territory of Hawaii has completed a channel 200 feet wide, 1,800 feet long, and 20 feet deep, and a turning basin 250 feet square and 10 feet deep, in the vicinity of the proposed site of the Federal project. Terminal facilities. There is a paved barge landing, approxi- mately 60 feet wide and 400 feet long, along the recently dredged Territorial channel. The Territory of Hawaii has constructed a pier shed on the landing. There is also a pier approximately 2,200 feet northwesterly from the location of the proposed project. It is 60 feet wide and 104 feet long, and provides 60 feet of wharf frontage and about 1,800 square feet of storage area. An ap- proach to the pier extends 323 feet offshore and consists of a reinforced concrete substructure, 130 feet of timber decking, and 193 feet of reinforced concrete slab. There is a light hoist avail- able for handling freight, and a cattle chute for handling livestock. The pier and barge landing are owned and administered by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners and are open to all on equal terms. The existing facilities are considered unsuitable for existing commerce and inadequate to permit year-round transpacific and interisland shipping, and to meet the increasing shipping needs of the communities of the western half of the island of Hawaii. Operations and results during fiscal year. As new work, en- gineering and design was accomplished at a cost of $3,051. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on the project. A design memorandum was completed and approved in October 1955 and a special report with regard to provision of a permanent LST facility was completed in May 1956. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $26,316, for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----.....-------... ---...------------.. ------------ $50, 000 -$22,000 $28,000 Cost--------- ------------------------------------ 23,265 3,051 26,316 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $1, 684 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 1, 700, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __________________________________ 1,701,684 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __ 4, 852, 000 18. HILO HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the northeast coast of the island of Hawaii, about 195 nautical miles southeast of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4103.) 1580 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. This provides for a rubblemound breakwater 10,170 feet long; an entrance to Kuhio Bay 35 feet deep; and a harbor basin 1,400 feet wide, about 2,300 feet long, and 35 feet deep. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tides between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 2.3 feet, and the extreme range under ordinary conditions is 3.2 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1930, was $3,408,826. The latest (1956) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $15,100. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 For rubblemound breakwater ------------------- H. Doc. 407, 59th Cong., 2d sess. July 25, 1912 Dredging the entrance to Kuhio Bay without in- H. Doc. 417, 62d Cong., 2d sess. creasing the original limit of cost. 1 Mar. 3, 1925 Extension of the breakwater and dredging in the H. Doc. 235, 68th Cong., 1st sess. bay. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are three wharves owned by the Territory of Hawaii which are operated by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners and are open to shipping on equal terms. Pipelines for fuel oil, Diesel oil, distillate, kerosene, gasoline, molasses, and water are available. There is also a bulk sugar plant of 40,000-ton storage capacity. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. As maintenance, en- gineering and design for rehabilitation of the damaged break- water was accomplished at a cost of $1,327. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in July 1930. The controlling depth in June 1955 was 34 feet in the harbor basin. The breakwater, which was damaged in 1954, has not been rehabilitated. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $3,408,826 for new work and $1,642,804 for maintenance, a total of $5,051,630. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated..---...------------.. ------------ ------------------- ---------- $3,408,826 Cost.------ --. -------------------- 3,408,826 Maintenance: Appropriated- ------ $82, 994 -$5,240 $6,200 $2, 668 $600 1,643,707 Cost......-----. -. 618 80,116 2,258 5,532 1,327 1,642,804 FLOOD CONTROL--SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1581 19. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Date reconnaissance or Name of project Cost during condition survey fiscal year conducted 1. Noyo River and Harbor, Calif ------------------------------ $1,971 February 1956 2. San Rafael Creek, Calif-_-------------------------------------- 566 JSeptember 1955 \June 1956 3. Napa River, Calif........------------------------------------------ 946 August 1955 4. Moss Landing Harbor, Calif--------------------------------- 1,837 September 1955 5. Monterey Harbor, Calif-------------------------------------- 467 September 1955 6. Keehi Lagoon, T. H ---------------------------------------- 456 June 1956 Total cost during fiscal year _ ---------------------------- $6, 243 20. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Noyo River and Harbor, Calif.'-------------1_ 1955 2 $195,834 2 $564,211 2 $2, 406,166 2. Bay, Calif.'---------------- 1955 641,800 111,665........... 3. Bodega San Rafael Creek, Calif.'-------------------- 1955 932,359 417,179.------ 4. Napa River, Calif.'_------.----------------- 1955 2 1,021,274 2 54,626 4 145,726 5. Lower San Francisco Bay, Calif .............------------- 1935 ---------------------------- 450,000 6. Monterey Harbor, Calif. ..------------------- 1955 698,471 51,900 4 217,529 7. Keehi Lagoon, T. H.---------------------- 1955 3,348,000 41,857 -------------- 8. Welles Harbor, Midway Island 7 1950 2,488,056 2,111........... 9. Wake Island Harbor '--------------------- 1950-------------- 814,493 3,860,000 1 No expenditures during fiscal year 1956 and none programmed for fiscal year 1957. 2 Exclusive of previous project costs. 2 Exclusive of $25,000 to be contributed by local interests. 4 Improvement to be restudied. Estimate of cost was last revised in 1954. 6 Improvement inactive. Estimate of cost, exclusive of $260,000 to be contributed by local interests, was last revised in 1954. 6 Exclusive of costs paid from Navy, Civil Aeronautics, and military funds. 7 Project completed in 1941 and maintenance transferred to Department of the Navy. 8 For a hydrographic survey completed in August 1948. 9 Exclusive of $41,094 contributed funds. 21. RUSSIAN RIVER, CALIF. Location. The Russian River rises in the Coast Range in north- western California, flows southerly for a distance of 87 miles, and then turns westerly to flow for 23 miles to the Pacific Ocean at Jenner, 60 miles northwest of San Francisco, Calif. (For the general location see U. S. Geological Survey map for the State of California.) Existing project. The authorized project provides for the con- struction of the initial stage of the plan of improvement consisting of Coyote Valley Reservoir on the East Fork of Russian River ap- proximately 0.9 mile above the mouth of that tributary near Ukiah, Calif., and channel stabilization works on the lower 97 mile's of the Russian River and on the lower reaches of several tributaries. The dam is an earthfill type with a crest length of 3,500 feet at elevation 784, mean sea level datum, and a height above the streambed of approximately 160 feet. A paved overflow spillway, having a fixed crest at elevation 764.8 and a crest length of 200 feet, will be located in an existing saddle approximately 0.6 1582 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 mile upstream from the left abutment. Gated outlet works, located through the dam, will provide capacity to empty the flood control storage in about 4 days. The dam will control runoff from 105 square miles of drainage area and will create a reservoir having a capacity at spillway crest of 122,500 acre-feet of.which 48,000 acre-feet are reserved for flood control and the remainder for water conservation and siltation. The estimated cost of the principal features of the project is as follows: Lands and damages Project feature Construction (including Total relocations) Coyote Valley dam and reservoir--- .. ----------- - $10,290,000 $4,950,000 $15, 240,000 Channel improvement works--___ __----______ - 2,460,000 (1) 2,460,000 Total_---- ------ - __--- --- __-- -___--. ... -. 12,750,000 4,950,000 17,700,000 1 To be provided by local interests. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $17,700,00, of which $12,102,000 is Federal cost and $5,598,000 is the amount contributed by local interests. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of Coyote Valley Reservoir is $18,900. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 585, 81st Cong., 2d sess. as modified by the Chief of Engineers). The latest published map is contained in the project document. Public Law 404, 84th Cong., 2d sess., approved February 10, 1956, authorized to be appropriated a sum in addi- tion to that authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1950 for com- pletion of the initial stage of development of the project. Local cooperation. The improvements are subject to the condi- tion that prior to starting construction, local interests shall con- tribute the sum of $5,598,000 in cash in full payment of the con- servation benefits, and shall (1) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the channel stabilization works; (2) make all necessary road and bridge revisions and utility alterations and re- locations required for the channel stabilization works; (3) adjust all claims concerning water arising from the construction and operation of the improvements; (4) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (5) main- tain the channel stabilization works, after completion, in accord- ance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; (6) prevent any encroachment on the stream channel which would interfere with the proper functioning of the improvements or lessen their beneficial effects; and, (7) enter into an agreement among themselves as to the method of operation of the reservoir for conservation subject to flood control priority. Sonoma and Mendocino Counties formed legally constituted flood control and water conservation districts in 1949 as an initial step toward meeting the requirements of local cooperation A successful bond election, held in Sonoma County on May 10, 1955, FLOOD CONTROL-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1583 authorized a bonded indebtedness of $5,650,000 to provide for the full amount of the cash contribution required for the project and for costs and expenses incidental thereto. In addition, a bonded indebtedness of $8,500,000 was authorized to provide a local water distribution system. The Board of Directors of the Sonoma County flood control and water conservation district, by Resolu- tion No SA 6847 dated May 25, 1955, guaranteed fulfillment of all local cooperation required for the project except that pertaining to the channel stabilization works to be constructed outside the boundaries of Sonoma County. The required cash contribution of $5,598,000 was made by the County of Sonoma to the Department of the Interior in full repayment of the conservation benefits of the project and transferred to the Department of the Army on March 5, 1956. On January 24, 1956, the voters of southern Mendocino County passed a $650,000 bond issue in support of Mendocino County's share of the project cost and approved the formation of the Russian River Flood Control and Water Conser- vation District, which has initiated action to provide the remain- ing items of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. The following new work was accomplished at a total cost of $1,150,591, of which $418,703 was from regular funds and $731,888 was from con- tributed funds: Regular Funds: Engineering and design was continued. Mobilization of equipment for construction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated under a continuing contract. Contributed Funds: Land acquisition was initiated and is in progress. Fabrication of slide gates and assemblies was initiated by contract: work is approximately 4 percent complete. Condition at end of fiscal year. Fabrication of slide gates and assemblies was initiated in May 1956; mobilization of equipment for construction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in June 1955. Total engineering and design for the project is approximately 89 percent complete. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $985,848 for regular funds and $731,888 for contributed funds, a total cost for new work of $1,717,736. 1584 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ----------------- $226,000 $170,000 $190,000 $500,000 $1,086,000 Cost -------------------------- 175,142 200,104 191,900 418,703 985,848 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ______ $24, 036 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 2, 150, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _______________________________ 2,174,036 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_________________________ 8, 866, 000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to Ju1ne 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated. -------------------------------------------- $5,598,000 $5,598,000 -- Cost.....---------- -------- -------------------------------- 731,888 731,888 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $4, 543, 512 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957____________-_______ __------- 4, 543, 512 22. SAN LORENZO CREEK, CALIF. Location. San Lorenzo Creek, located in Alameda County, Calif., on the eastern side of San Francisco Bay, flows in a general westerly direction and enters the bay at a point about 10 miles southeast of the city of Oakland. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles, Pleasanton, Hayward, and San Leandro.) Existing project. This provides for a leveed and riprapped channel extending about 1.4 miles upstream from the mouth; thence a concrete-lined channel for a distance of approximately 3.9 miles; thence channel clearing and stabilization works to the head of the project; a total improved channel length of approxi- mately 7.3 miles. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $4,370,000, of which $4,256,000 is Federal cost and $114,000 is the amount to be contributed by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 452, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. The act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the project; (2) make all necessary vehicular bridge and utility alterations or replacements; (3) contribute 2.6 percent of the FLOOD CONTROL-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1585 actual cost of the channel improvements, levees, and railroad bridge revisions, or perform the equivalent thereof in construction of such improvements; (4) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (5)' maintain and operate the project after completion in accordance with regula- tions prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (6) prevent en- croachment on the project channels which might interfere with their proper functioning for flood control. The Alameda County flood control and water conservation dis- trict, by Resolution No. 73 dated January 15, 1953, and supple- mented by Resolution No. 96 dated July 21, 1953, has indicated its willingness and intent to fulfill the requirements of local coopera- tion. In 1953 local interests passed a $6,954,000 bond issue to construct storm-drainage and flood control improvements to sup- plement those proposed in the Federal project, and have since ex- pended approximately $485,000 for acquisition of lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way and modifications to bridges and utilities required for the project and for construction of emergency im- provements. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design was initiated at a cost of $39,242. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on the project. Engineering and design is approximately 9 percent complete. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $39,242 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........---------------------------------------------- $41,000 $41,000 Cost---------- --------------------------------------------- 39,242 39,242 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $166 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 164, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___________________________-- 164,166 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_--------------------- $4, 051, 000 23. SAN LORENZO RIVER, CALIF. Location. San Lorenzo River, in Santa Cruz County, Calif., flows in a general southeasterly direction from the Santa Cruz Mountains through the city of Santa Cruz where it enters Mon- terey Bay, about 73 miles south of San Francisco. Branciforte Creek joins the river from the left bank within the city of Santa Cruz. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle, Ben Lomond.) Existing project. This provides for levees and floodwalls along San Lorenzo River below mile 2.4, together with minor channel improvements, and channel improvement and rectification of 1586 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Branciforte Creek below mile 0.96, all within the city of Santa Cruz. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $3,010,000, of which $2,740,000 is Federal cost and $270,000 is the amount to be contributed by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 447, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. The act of September 3, 1954, requires that local interests (1) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construc- tion of the project; (2) make all necessary bridge and utility re- visions and replacements or in lieu thereof contribute in cash the cost of that work; (3) make a cash contribution equal to 8.9 per- cent of the project cost; (4) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (5) maintain and operate all works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (6) prevent any encroachment in the project channels which would interfere with their proper functioning for flood control. The city of Santa Cruz, by letter dated April 11, 1951, and Reso- lutions Nos. NS 1242 dated June 9, 1953, and NS 2123 dated March 13, 1956, has guaranteed fulfillment of the requirements of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done on this project. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $307, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 307, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __________________________ 2, 433,000 24. HANAPEPE RIVER, T. H. Location. This river is on the southwest portion of the island of Kauai, T. H., northwest of the town of Hanapepe. Existing project. This provides for construction, along the left bank of the river, of a 370-foot earth levee, commencing at the new Kauai Belt Highway Bridge about one-half mile above the river mouth; thence a 1,720-foot reinforced concrete floodwall extending to the cliffs at the northeast corner of the town of Hanapepe. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $402,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, in accordance with the recommenda- tions of the Chief of Engineers in a report submitted to Congress by the Secretary of War on March 15, 1944. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to (1) furnish lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (2) bear the expense of all highway alterations, of removing the existing railroad trestle near the river mouth, and of FLOOD CONTROL-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1587 replacing this trestle with a satisfactory structure if replacement is required; (3) hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from construction of the works; and (4) maintain and operate all works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of War. The railroad trestle was removed in 1948. Bill No. 165, resolu- tion No. 152, adopted October 3, 1951, by the Board of Supervisors, County of Kauai, providing formal assurance of local cooperation, was accepted by the district engineer March 10, 1952. Operations and results during fiscal year. As new work, en- gineering and design was continued by hired labor at a cost of $4,499. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on this project. Engineering and design is more than three-fourths complete. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $31,340 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-........ -$7,271 $8,300 $8,600 -$2,330 $10,700 $37,999 Cost----...........- 63 2,867 8,859 2,386 4,499 31,340 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $5, 275 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ___-------------------------___ 5, 275 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- 364, 001 25. KAWAINUI SWAMP, T. H. Location. This swamp is in the southeasterly portion of the island of Oahu, in the Kailua district, 13 miles northeasterly of Honolulu. Existing project. This provides for an unlined tidewater flood channel, 9,525 feet long, 105 feet wide on the bottom, and an average of 13 feet deep in the main portion; and a concrete and timber control structure 350 feet wide at the inlet to the channel; with such modification as the Chief of Engineers may consider advisable. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $1,110,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. No. 214, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to: (1) Pro- vide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights- of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project; (2) construct all high- 1588 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 way and street bridges, alterations, and other related works made necessary by the construction of the project; (3) hold and save the United States free from any damages resulting from the con- struction and maintenance of the works; (4) maintain and oper- ate all works after completion of the project in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have indicated their willingness to furnish the required items of cooperation and have initiated measures to pro- vide them. At the 1951 session of the Territorial Legislature, the sum of $325,000 was authorized for flood-control purposes at Kailua. The Department of Public Works, Territory of Hawaii, has constructed an emergency flood-control channel, at a cost of approximately $159,000, along the alinement of the Federal pro- posed project; a reinforced concrete bridge at Kalaheo Avenue at a cost of approximately $87,000; and has acquired lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way at a cost of approximately $28,000. To date, local interests have expended $274,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. As new work, en- gineering and design was continued by hired labor at a cost of $8,116. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on the project. Engineering and design is approximately 81 percent complete. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $43,915 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 New work: Appropriated ........ $28,000 $3,000 $8, 700 - $100 $4, 400 $44, 000 Cost. . . . 5,213 15,345 6,985 8,256 8,116 43,915 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .-.... $85 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending .June 30, 1957-____________________________ ___ 85 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------------1,066, 000 FLOOD CONTROL--SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1589 26. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last _.. Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Eel River, Calif__-------- ------------ 1938 --------------------------- 1 $866,000 2. Napa River above (Con Creek Reservoir) Suscol, Calif. ----------------------------------------------------------- 1 100,000 3. Pajaro River, Calif.: a. Levees on Pajaro River and Carnadero Creek-.--------------------------- 1950 $748,283 -------------- (3) b. Levee on Corralitos Creek-.............. 1950 ----- ----------------- -139,717 4. Salinas River, Calif ------------------ _-----1952 489,925 ----------- 8,000,075 5. Wailoa Stream and Tributaries, T. H.6--- 1955 --------------------------- 428,000 1 Improvement inactive. Estimate of cost was last revised in 1954. 2 Authorized by the Flood Control Act approved Dec. 22, 1944, in accordance with H. Doc. 626, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Local interests subsequently constructed a reservoir for domestic water supply at the same site as that proposed by the United States for flood control. Remaining work authorized to be accomplished by Federal Government consists of channel clearing. a Completed. 4 For engineering and design, which was approximately 32 percent complete on June 30, 1952. s Improvement to be restudied. Estimate of cost was last revised in 1954. 6 Authorized by Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954. No work has been accomplished. 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended and supplemented, included the requirement that local interests maintain and operate flood-control works after com- pletion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of War. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1956, completed flood-con- trol projects transferred to local interests for operation and main- tenance were inspected by hired labor at a cost of $184. Cost and financial summary 28. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year, emergency bank protection works were constructed on the following streams at the indicated costs, for a total new work cost of $87,239: Redwood Creek, Humboldt County, at Orick, Calif.-- $4, 888 San Francisquito Creek, at Menlo Park, Calif. 39, 042 San Francisquito Creek, at Palo Alto, Calif.-__ 29, 490 Matadero Creek, at Palo Alto, Calif.______-_ 4, 873 Tres Pinos Creek, San Benito County, at Willow Grove School-- _- 8, 946 1590 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........-------- ......... $23,738 , .... . . .$132, 000 $155, 738 ------- Cost ....- _- ." -.-.-- 23,733 $5 ------- " 87,239 110,977 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __-____ $25, 271 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _____-__ -_________ ______ 25,271 Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year, as new work, channel clearing and con- struction of a levee along the North Fork of Mad River at Blue Lake, Calif., for the protection of agricultural and industrial lands, was completed by contract and an operation and mainte- nance manual prepared by hired labor, at a cost of $37,850. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-........ -$24,852 $4,000 $6,000 $136, 200 $3,000 $222, 948 Cost_---------------- 792 3,003 2,569 78,324 37,850 195,002 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -- _--- $27, 946 Unobligated balances available for suc'ceeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ _____ ______-_-_ 27, 946 Emergency flood-control activities-Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., 1st sess. and antecedent legis- lation). Storms of December 1955 and January 1956 resulted in extensive flooding throughout the continental limits of the San Francisco District. Work accomplished during the fiscal year under this authorization consisted of advance preparation for flood emer- gencies, flood fighting and rescue work, flood damage surveys, post-flood hydrologic studies, and repair and restoration of flood- control works, at a cost of $874,434 from regular funds and $31,000 from contributed funds, a total maintenance cost of $905,434. SHORE PROTECTION-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DIST. 1591 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $62,641 -$2,935 $2,506 $9,506 $1,702,900 $1,799,618 ---------------- Cost_ 55,360 6,061 3,150 6,489 874,434 968,135 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated -----...... $31, 000 ------------.......--...------------------------- $31,000 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------ 31,000 31,000 Federal assistance to States and local governments in major disasters (PL 875, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) As a result of widespread flooding resulting from the storms of December 1955 and January 1956, an area including southern Oregon and a portion of California, 'encompassing the continental limits of the San Francisco District, was declared to be a disaster area. Work accomplished during the fiscal year under the above authorization, and at the request of the Federal Civil Defense Administration, consisted of channel restoration and debris removal at a total cost of $848,289 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........--------------------------------------------- $1,500,000 $1,500,000 Cost------ ------------------------------------------------ 848,289 848,289 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $630, 228 29. AUTHORIZED SHORE PROTECTION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Waikiki Beach, T. H., beach erosion control 1 -- 1955 ---------------------------- 2 $319,000 1Authorized by River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954. No work has been accomplished. * Federal cost of participation. 1592 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 30. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS During the fiscal year, hired labor costs of $324,718 were in- curred in the preparation of preliminary examinations, surveys, reviews, special studies, and cooperative studies authorized by Congress for navigation, flood control, and beach erosion; and in initiating construction of a hydraulic model of San Francisco Bay. The expenditures were $320,707 from regular funds and $4,011 from contributed funds, a total of $324,718. The balance unexpended June 30, 1956, $57,349, plus an antici- pated allotment of $568,900 for fiscal year 1957, a total of $626,249, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1956------------------------------ $33, 101 Examinations, surveys, reviews, and cooperative beach erosion studies for navigation, flood control, and beach erosion---------180, 417 Special study, including continuation of construction of the hydraulic model of San Francisco Bay_---------------------- _ 412, 731 Total ----------------------------------------- $626, 249 31. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT-HYDROLOGIC STUDIES During the fiscal year, recording of Corps of Engineers' rain gage data was accomplished at a cost of $152. The expenditures were $152 from regular funds. The balance unexpended June 30, 1956, $945, together with an anticipated allotment of $4,200 for fiscal year 1957, a total of $5,145, will be applied to the installation of additional gages and the collection of rain-gage data. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT This district comprises the basins of Suisun Bay and the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers, in California, and Goose Lake in Oregon; the basins of the Great Salt Lake and Sevier Lake, in Utah; and the intervening portion of the Great Basin in northern Nevada and northern California. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control--Continued Page Page 1. Sacramento River, Calif- ... 1593 14. Merced County Stream group, 2. Suisun Channel, Calif ..._.. 1602 Calif------------------ 1644 3. Suisun Bay Channel, Calif __ 1603 15. Kings River ad Tulare Lake, 4. Old River, Calif---_-_-_ ---- 1605 including Pine Flat Reser- 5. San Joaquin River, Calif ..... 1607 voir, Calif -------------- 1649 6. Stockton and Mormon Chan- 16. Kaweah and Tule Rivers, in- nels (diverting canal), Calif. 1615 cluding Terminus and Suc- 7. Other authorized navigation cess Reservoirs, Calif----- 1653 projects-----_ ----------- 1617 17. Isabella Reservoir, Kern River, Calif------------------1657 Flood Control 18. Salt Lake City, Jordan River, Utah-------------------- 1661 8. Sacramento River and tribu- 19. Other authorized flood-control taries, Calif., from Collins- projects_- ---- ___----1662 ville to Shasta Dam-------........ 1617 20. Inspection of completed flood- 9. Middle Creek, Calif--------- 1622 control works------------1663 10. Folsom Reservoir, Sacramento 21. Flood-control work under spe- -- River Basin, Calif------....... 1624 cial authorization 663 .--------- 11. American River, Calif...------. 1627 22. Scheduling of flood-control op- 12. Calaveras River and Littlejohn erations ---------------- 1670 Creek and tributaries, in- cluding Hogan and Farming- ton Reservoirs, Calif------. 1629 General Investigations 13. Lower San Joaquin River and 23. Examinations and surveys... 1671 tributaries, including Tuo- 24. Research and development... 1672 lumne and Stanislaus Rivers, Calif------------------,.. 1635 1. SACRAMENTO RIVER, CALIF. Location. Sacramento River rises in the Trinity Mountains in north-central California, flows in a general southerly direction about 374 miles and empties into Suisun Bay, an arm of San Francisco Bay, at Collinsville, Calif. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic map of the Sacramento Valley, Calif.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1875, and provided for im- provement of the low water channels in the Sacramento River and for snagging and construction of temporary wing dams in the Feather River, a tributary entering the Sacramento River about 16 miles above the city of Sacramento. The project was subse- quently modified by the River and Harbor Acts adopted August 2, 1882, December 21, 1889, July 13, 1892, and August 18, 1894. These modifications provided for dredging in the Sacramento and Feather Rivers and for restraining barriers (for mining debris) in the Yuba, Bear, and American Rivers, tributaries of the Sacra- mento River, as an aid to navigation; for improving navigation 1593 1594 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 by repairing damages caused by floods; for a snag boat above Sacramento; removal of obstructions in the lower Sacramento River; further treatment of the Yuba River near and above the city of Marysville and improvement of the navigable channel of the Feather River; and for treatment of the Bear River and con- struction of a cutoff on the Feather River to avoid Shanghai Bend. For further details see page 1985, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1708, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The project provides for construction of the Sacramento River Deepwater Ship Channel from deep water in Suisun Bay to Washington Lake, 1 miles west of the Sacramento River at the city of Sacramento, a distance of 43 miles, construc- tion of a harbor And turning basin at Washington Lake, and a connecting canal with navigation lock from the harbor to the Sacramento River. The project also provides for a shallow-draft channel ten feet deep at mean lower low water, 150 to 200 feet bottom width, from Suisun Bay to Sacramento, Calif., a distance of 60 miles; a depth of 6 feet at low water between Sacramento and Colusa, a distance of 85 miles; a depth of 5 feet at low water between Colusa and Chico Landing, a distance of 50 miles; and such depths as practicable between Chico Landing and Red Bluff, a distance of 52 miles. The deepwater channel will be formed by widening and deepen- ing existing channels for the first 18 miles above Suisun Bay to 6 miles above Rio Vista and excavation of a new channel for the remaining 25 miles to Washington Lake to a depth of 30 feet at mean lower low water with a bottom width of 200 to 300 feet, including related confining embankments and such works as may be necessary to compensate for or to alleviate any possible detri- mental effects on salinity of Delta tidal channels which might result from the ship channel. The triangular harbor and turning basin will be formed by deepening and widening Washington Lake to a depth of 30 feet at mean lower low water, 2,400 feet by 2,000 feet by 3,400 feet, with provision for future enlargement. The construction of the 11/ 2 -mile long canal 13 feet deep and 120 feet wide between the harbor and the Sacramento River, together with a navigation lock 86 feet wide by 600 feet long, will provide for the transfer of barges between the two different water surface elevations. A single leaf combination highway and railroad bascule bridge will cross the canal at the harbor end of the naviga- tion lock. Local interests will construct, operate, and maintain an adequate public terminal with necessary utilities and rail and highway connections at the harbor. The deep-draft channel will provide access inland to Sacramento for oceangoing vessels and, in addition, will also be used for large amounts of barge shipping because its length is shorter than that of the river and because the greater depth and slack water will permit handling larger barges. It will serve an area covering northern California, southern Oregon, and western Nevada. These facilities will also be utilized by military installations in the area. Above Sacramento the results are to be obtained by removal of RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1595 snags and concentration of the channel by dredging and wing dams, and by streamflow regulation by the Shasta Reservoir. The 10-foot channel below Sacramento was completed in 1931 and the 6-foot channel between Sacramento and Colusa was com- pleted in 1946; these channels are to be maintained for local navigation. The following table shows the tidal and flood conditions prevail- ing: Range in feet Miles from Place mouth of river Mean Extreme Ordinary Extreme tidal 1 tidal 3 flood 4 flood 4 --------------------------- Collinsville..... 4.3 7.0 8 10 Sacramento-- ---------------------------- 59 2.0 3.0 20 28 Verona (mouth of Feather River) ........ 80 -------- ..... --- Trace 22 30 Colusa -------------------------------- 144 ------------------- ----- 26 32 Chico Landing.................---------------------------...193 .-----------------------20 25 Red Bluff__--------------------------- 246 ------------------------ 24 30 1 Mean lower low water to mean high water. 2 Tide at low water season only. a Mean lower low water to extreme tide. 4 Extreme low water to indicated flood condition. The latest estimate of Federal cost for new work (1956) is $39,500,000 (exclusive of $310,000 Federal cost (Coast Guard) for navigation aids) for the 30-foot deepwater ship channel and 13-foot deep connecting canal, and $960,000 for shallow-draft river channels, exclusive of amounts expended on previous proj- ects. The latest (1956) estimate for annual Federal cost of main- tenance, excluding replacements, is $261,300 for the deepwater channel and 13-foot connecting canal, and $350,000 for shallow- draft channels. The latest (1956) estimate for annual cost of maintenance by the Coast Guard for the navigation aids is $20,700. The estimated (1956) cost to local interests for deep-draft new work is $3,100,000 for lands, easements, and rights-of-way, spoil- disposal areas for the initial work, necessary utility changes, exclusive of costs for port facilities. The latest (1956) estimate for annual non-Federal cost of maintenance and operation of the railroad track adjacent to the project area is $9,100. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1596 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 A depth of 7 feet below Sacramento--------------.................. H. Does. 186, 55th Cong., 2d sess- and 48, 55th Cong., 3d sess. (Annual Report, 1898, p. 2844, and 1899, p. 3171.) 1 July 25, 1912 For work above Sacramento -------------------- H. Doc. 76, 62d Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21, 1927 The 10-foot channel up to Sacramento------------- H. Doc.123, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 A depth of 6 feet between Sacramento and Colusa and Rivers and Harbors Committee, 5 feet between Colusa and Chico Landing, at a Doc.35, 73d Cong., 2d sess. cost of $390,000 provided the flow of the river is increased to the minimum flow of 5,000 cubic feet per second after Shasta Reservoir is built. Authority for a special direct participation of the Do-....... Rivers and Harbors Committee Federal Government of $12,000,000 in the cost of Doec. 35, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Shasta Reservoir. Aug. 26, 1937 Transfer of authority for expenditure of the above $12,000,000 from the Secretary of War to the Secre- tary of the Interior. July 24, 1946 Modification of the existing navigation project for S. Doc. 142, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Sacramento River, Calif., to provide for construc- tion of a ship channel 30 feet deep and 200 to 300 feet wide from deep water in Suisun Bay to Washington Lake, including such works as may be necessary to compensate for or to alleviate any detrimental salin- ity conditions resulting from the ship channel; a triangular basin of equal depth, 2,400 feet by 2,000 feet by 3,400 feet at Washington Lake; and connect- ing channel 13 feet deep and 120 feet wide, with lock and draw bridge, thence to Sacramento River. 1 This document contains latest published map of the section above Sacramento. For map of the sec- tion below Sacramento, see H. Doc. 1123, 60th Cong., 2d sess. and S. Doc. 142, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Recommended modification of project. In House Document 1893, 64th Congress, 2d session, it was recommended that Chico Landing, about 52 miles downstream from Red Bluff, be made the head of the improvement. Local cooperation. The improvement for the deepwater chan- nel is subject to the condition that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (1) Furnish without cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required and make all necessary utility changes necessary for the construction of the project; (2) Construct, operate, and maintain at the Washington Lake basin an adequate public terminal with necessary utilities and rail and highway connections open to all on equal terms; and (3) Hold and save the United States free from any damages which may arise from construction, operation, and maintenance of the improvement. The Sacramento-Yolo Port District was formed under the laws of the State of California in April 1947, for the purposes of carry- ing out the required local cooperation. A total bond issue of $3,750,000 was authorized by the voters in November 1947, and bonds in the amount of $1,750,000 have been sold to date. The California State Legislature appropriated $750,000 in June 1947, to assist in the acquisition of rights-of-way. The required as- surances have been furnished and were approved by the Secretary of the Army on February 3, 1948. The Sacramento-Yolo Port District has furnished all lands, rights-of-way, and easements required for project purposes to RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1597 date, and, in addition, has acquired a portion of the rights-of-way required for future construction. A master plan covering de- velopment of terminal facilities has been prepared for the future development of the port. The port district has completed con- struction of a 500,000-bushel grain elevator, placed in operation in June 1950, together with necessary railroad, highway, and appurtenant facilities. In addition to developments by the port district, the Farmers' Rice Growers Corporation has constructed a rice dryer, mill, and elevator designed for direct conveyor-belt connection with seagoing vessels, at an expenditure in excees of $2,250,000. A warehouse company has constructed and placed in operation two warehouses at a cost of $300,000 each. These facilities are served by the port belt railroad and by highway con- nections. The current (1956) estimate of cost to local interests for terminal facilities is $5,000,000. The sum of $500,000 Was advanced to the United States in June 1949, to accelerate construction, of which $300,000 has been returned to the port authority. No local cooperation is required on the shallow-draft feature of the project. Terminal facilities. All of the piers, wharves, and docks at the port of Sacramento are open pile structures with timber decks, some of which are designed to meet the extreme high waters at flood stages. Eleven facilities are located along the east bank, or Sacramento side, of the river, and 10 are on the west bank at Broderick, West Sacramento, and points below. Of the 21 pier, wharf, and dock facilities at the port, 9 are used for receipt of petroleum products, with 955 linear feet of berthing space; 2 are general cargo wharves, with 592 linear feet berthing space and 40,000 square feet of transit shed storage area; 2 are used for the receipt and shipment of sacked rice with 150 linear feet of berthing space; and 1 is receiving point for Diesel oil used in the gas and electric powerplant with 130 linear feet of berthing space. Four facilities, providing 1,620 linear feet of berthing space and comprised mainly of floats, are used for moor- ing and servicing recreational craft; the 3 remaining wharves provide 1,292 linear feet of berthing space but are not operated from the waterside. However, the 39,885 square feet of transit sheds are occupied for storage purposes. These facilities provide a total of 4,739 linear feet of berthing space, with 79,885 square feet of transit sheds, of which 40,000 square feet are available for receipt and shipment of general cargo. All the preceding is for shallow-draft navigation. All the main wharves at Sacramento have rail connections. Municipal-belt-railroad tracks serve the shedded wharves from the rear. Ten public warehouses, located within a radius of 31/2 miles from the waterfront, provide 305,000 square feet of space for dry cargo and approximately 3,074,000 cubic feet of space for the cold storage of perishable foods. The amount of storage space at Sacramento varies according to the season of the year owing to 1598 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the great amounts of rice, fruits, vegetables, and other commodi- ties that are produced in the Sacramento Valley. Thirteen of the waterfront facilities are served by 1 or more of the 4 carriers operating in the port area. Two of the carriers are trunkline railroads and two are interurban lines operated for freight service; all traverse the rich agricultural areas and pro- vide connections with other transcontinental and local carriers. All waterborne movements to and from the port are transported by shallow-draft river steamers, tank barges, and freight barges, and will continue to be handled thusly until such time as the authorized deepwater ship channel is completed. Two grain elevators are located at the port. One, handling rice exclusively, is located on the river at West Sacramento, and is served by two wharves. The elevator, a warehouse, and storage bins have a combined capacity of approximately 1 million 100- pound sacks of rice. Additional facilities are located near Lake Washington, on the site of the new port development to be built upon completion of the deep water channel. The port district grain elevator has a capacity of 500,000 bushels of barley, wheat, or other grains in its 12 concrete silos. Construction of a rice dryer, mill, and elevator, designed for direct conveyor-belt con- nection with seagoing vessels, has been completed by the Farmers' Rice Growers Corporation. The new plant has a capacity of more than four hundred thousand 100-pound bags of rice and there are 40 storage bins. Two warehouses have also been constructed in this area. These facilities are all serviced by rail and highway facilities. Between Sacramento and Chico Landing there are 47 ware- houses and numerous small landings. Several oil companies have recently made major capital investments for the storage of petro- leum products in the vicinity of Colusa. Freight is also handled on the bank. On the river channels, between Sacramento and the mouth of the river, there are, in addition to 1,440 linear feet of wharf with warehouse facilities at Rio Vista, 19 large wharves, about 38 large warehouses, and many small warehouses and land- ings all owned and operated by private interests. The facilities below Sacramento, except at Rio Vista, are for shallow-draft navigation. They are considered adequate for existing commerce. The total tonnage along the project channels, including the port of Sacramento, in 1954 was 2,172,451 tons. Operations and results during fiscal year. There were no new work operations on the shallow-draft portion of the project. New work activities for the deep-draft channel to Sacramento included office engineering and design studies and preparation of construction plans and specifications. In addition, channel en- largement, west channel of Yolo Bypass, Liberty Cut, and Pros- pect Slough, was initiated by continuing contract in April 1956; 2 percent of the work was accomplished during the fiscal year. Total costs during the fiscal year for new work on the deep-draft channel were $123,451, of which $111,706 was from Federal funds and $11,745 from funds advanced by the Sacramento-Yolo Port District. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1599 In addition, minor engineering (nonproject) was accomplished for the Sacramento-Yolo Port District at its expense in connection with design of utilities at a cost of $459. Maintenance: Preliminary surveys, preparation of plans and specifications, condition surveys of the channel at various loca- tions, minor snagging at isolated locations, miscellaneous minor spoil-area maintenance, acquisition of new spoil area, and miscel- laneous inspections and reports were accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. In addition, maintenance operations were performed as follows: a. Dredging Sacramento River, Y Street Bend to Bryte Bend, by contract suction dredge, resulted in the removal of 183,077 cubic yards of material. b. Dredging of shoals in critical areas in Steamboat Slough and in Sacramento River below Sacramento by hired labor and rented equipment, resulted in the removal of 9,500 cubic yards of material. c. Repairs to wing dams along Sacramento River from Verona to Bryte Bend were accomplished by hired labor. d. New construction and repair of wing dams was accomplished along Sacramento River between river miles 64.8 and 79.8 by contract. e. Construction of spoil area along Sacramento River near Y Street Bend was accomplished by contract. Total costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $364,983, from Federal funds. Total costs for all work during the fiscal year were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States funds_...-------------___ ------------ - $111,706 $364,983 $476,689 Advanced funds (by Sacramento-Yolo Port District)_.. 11,745 _---.---. __ . -. -11,745 Contributed funds (nonproject) -........ 5 459 ---------- 459 Total of all funds-------------------------------.......................... 123,910 364,983 488,893 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the 7-foot shal- low-draft below Sacramento was initiated in September 1899 and completed in 1904. The modified 10-foot shallow-draft up to Sacramento was initiated in fiscal year 1928 and completed in 1931. The shallow-draft channel above Sacramento was initiated in April 1946. New work on the shallow-draft channel is about 61 percent complete. The work remaining to complete the shal- low-draft portion of the project is the provision of a 5-foot depth between Colusa and Chico Landing (50 miles), subject results to be obtained by removal of snags, construction of wing dams, concentration of the channel by temporary works, and streamflow regulation of 5,000 second-feet by operation of Shasta Reservoir. Construction of the 30-foot deepwater ship channel, under the modification authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, was initiated in July 1949, and is about 7 percent complete. Construction of road, railroad, and levee embankments in the harbor area was completed by contracts in October 1949, and February 1950. Excavation of the ship channel together 1600 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 with necessary levee reconstruction, mile 14.1 to mile 17.8, by con- tract, was completed in October 1951. Further new construction was suspended in accordance with Presidential directive dated July 21, 1950, until fiscal year 1956. Channel enlargement, west channel Yolo Bypass, Liberty Cut, and Prospect Slough, was initiated in April 1956, by continuing contract; 2 percent of the work was accomplished. Preparation of plans and specifications for the project are about 49 percent complete. Work remaining to complete the deep-draft portion of the project is construction of the lock with gates and operating equipment, barge canal, bascule bridge, bank protection and levees, channel and turning basin, and pumping plans and drainage facilities. The entire project as modified is about 8 percent complete. The controlling low-water season depths were as follows: From the mouth of the river to Cache Slough, 20 feet; mouth of Cache Slough to Sacramento, 8 feet; thence to Colusa, 5 feet in low water season; thence to Chico Landing, 2 feet; and thence to Red Bluff, head of navigation, 1.5 feet. The channel is navigable during the entire year; however, there is no regular navigation above Sidds Landing, 178 miles above the mouth of the river. Maintenance was performed in 1952, consisting of bank pro- tection along Ryer Island and Egbert Tract, along the deep-draft channel, to repair serious erosion caused by tidal action and wave wash due to construction of the ship channel; however, the erosion continued and extension of the bank-protection work on the Egbert Tract levee was accomplished in 1955. The floods of December 1955-January 1956 caused failure of the bankhead on four wing dams along the shallow-draft channel above Sacramento. Failure of the bankhead caused erosion to the adjacent bank and loss of the structure and/or affects the safety of the adjacent flood control levee. These wing dams will require repair in the near future. Annual maintenance dredging is required in both sections of the shallow-draft channel to remove accumulated shoals caused by settlement of floodborne sand and silt to provide the project depths in satisfactory condition to accomodate navigation re- quirements. The total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States funds: Shallow-draft-------------.-------------------- $585,436 $6, 865,726 $7, 451,162 30-foot channel------ .--------------------------- 2,420,464 187,840 2,608,304 Total United States funds.............---------------------- 3,005,900 7,053,566 10, 059, 466 Advanced funds: .... 30-foot channel 1-- .. ... -----..--- ---- 200,000 ---------------- 200,000 Contributed funds (nonproject): 30-foot channel .--. . .------------------ 172,645 ---------------- 172,645 Total, all funds.----- -------.. ------------------- 3,378,545 7,053,566 10,432,111 1 Funds advanced to the United States by the Sacramento-Yolo Port District. 2 Miscellaneous construction (nonproject) accomplished for the Sacramento-Yolo Port District at its expense in connection with excavation of the ship channel and necessary levee reconstruction cost. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1601 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated. .-... _-.......- $8,819 $500,000 2 $3,579,392 ....--...-------.....------------ Cost_ --------------- $17,760 ----------- ------------111,706 10,000 83,191,098 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ 330,784 200 286,972 $467, $234,209 368,620 4 7,645,537 Cost ---------------- 188,684 380,993 326,839 425,277 364,983 57,607,286 1 Includes $185,198 fornew work and $553,720 formaintenance forprevious projects. 2 Includes $585,436 forexisting shallow-draft project and $2,808,758 for deep-draft project; these amounts are exclusive of funds advanced by the Sacramento-Yolo Port District for the deep-draft channel, which are listed on a separate summary. 3 Includes $585,436 for existing shallow-draft project and $2,420,464 for deep-draft project; these amounts are exclusive of funds advanced by the Sacramento-Yolo Port District for the deep-draft channel, which are listed on a separate summary. 4 Includes $6,903,977 for existing shallow-draft project and $187,840 for deep-draft project. 5Includes $6,865,726 for existing shallow-draft project and $187,840 for deep-draft project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___- $68, 819 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -__ ______--_____-_ _______--- 2,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------- --- 2, 068, 819 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __ --- ------- 34, 865, 806 6 Excludes $200,000 appropriated in fiscal year 1957 for repayment of Advanced Funds. ADVANCE FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ------------------------------------ $200,000 Cost- ---$112,305 $3,047 $17,702 $55,201 $11,745 200,000 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------------- 1 $200,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-_ ___ 1 200, 000 _ 1Refund of funds advanced by Sacramento-Yolo Port District. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS' Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------............--------------------....................--------------------............$200,000 Cost_---- . -. $39,115 ------------------------ $77 $459 172,645 1 Miscellaneous construction and engineering and design services (nonproject) accomplished at the ex- pense of the Sacramento-Yolo Port District in connection with acquisition of rights-of-way and utility alterations. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -. . $23, 055 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ _ _ _--_ 23,055 1602 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 2. SUISUN CHANNEL CALIF. Location. Suisun Channel is the project channel in Suisun Slough, a tidal inlet with its mouth on the northwest side of Suisun Bay, about 7 miles northeast of Benicia and 36 miles northeast of San Francisco. The head of navigation is at the city of Suisun, about 13 miles north of the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5534.). Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel 8 feet deep at mean lower low water from Suisun Bay to and in the basin at the city of Suisun, about 13 miles in length, straightened by four cutoffs in the upper portion; channel widths to be 200 feet in the bar channel, 100 feet in the cutoffs, and a minimum of 125 feet in the remaining parts of the project channel; widening 4 bends located 5, 51/2, 71/, and 12 1/2- miles below Suisun; the removal of ledge rock from the channel at a location about 31/ miles below Suisun; and a 1,400 by 150-foot harbor at Suisun, with an extension for a turning basin 275 feet wide and 600 feet long. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 5 feet during the low water season, with an extreme range of 10 feet. The total Federal cost of new work for the project, completed in 1947, was $217,677, and the latest (1956) approved estimate for annual (Federal) cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 To secure a channel up to Suisun, 6 feet deep at low H. Doc. 1110, 60th Cong., 2d sess. water, by dredging and making a cutoff just below the town. Mar. 4, 1913 Pursuant to this act the project was modified by the Assistant Secretary of War to provide for dredging a channel 125 feet wide on the bottom and 6 feet deep, mean lower low water, up to and including a harbor 6 feet deep, 150 feet wide, and 1,400 feet long in front of the town of Suisun, and the removal of a rock about 3Y2miles below the head of navigation. Aug. 26, 1937 Depth of 8 feet with a width of 200 feet in the bar chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee nel and 100 feet in cutoffs; widening 4 bends below Doc. 97, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Suisun; removal of ledge rock and extension of the (contains latest published map). harbor at Suisun to provide a turning basin. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary rights-of-way and suit- able spoil-disposal areas for new work and subsequent mainte- nance, undertake any necessary reconstruction of the powerline crossing over the proposed cutoff near Suisun, and provide at Suisun adequate public terminal facilities subject to the approval of the Chief of Engineers. These requirements have been fulfilled except for the public terminals, which will be completed when materials are available at reasonable cost. Terminal facilities. There are 3 wharves in the city of Suisun, with a total of 600 feet of berthing space. There is also ware- house space of 33,500 square feet, and an oil storage terminal. These are all privately owned and operated and will be increased in compliance with the provisions of local cooperation, as land has RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1603 been purchased, financing arranged, and plans have been prepared for construction when materials are available at reasonable cost. Certain facilities are in use for military purposes. The total tonnage through the channel in 1954 was 170,999 tons. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Operations during the year consisted of preliminary surveys, con- dition surveys of the channel, and miscellaneous inspections and reports, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. In addi- tion, hired labor and rented equipment were utilized to remove 105,810 cubic yards of material from the mouth from the channel and in the turning basin at Suisun Bay. Total costs during the fiscal year were $31,216 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The construction of new work was initiated in March 1912; improvement of the channel modification authorized in 1937 was initiated in May 1946, and completed in June 1947. The channel is navigable during the entire year; head of navigation is in the city of Suisun, Calif., about 400 feet above Sacramento Street. The controlling depth is 7 feet in the channel and harbor basin at mean lower low water. Maintenance dredging is required to remove accumulated shoals to assure adequate project depths, to accommodate general navi- gation and defense transportation requirements. Total costs for the project to June 30, 1956, were $352,327, of which $217,677 was for new work and $134,650 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------------ ------------ ------------ ----------------------- $217, 677 Cost-----.....--- ------------------------------------------------------------ 217,677 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $10,000 $4,800 $1,000 $67,256 -$5,020 135,743 .-.-........ Cost_- . 10,000 4,577 1,223 29,927 31,216 134,650 3. SUISUN BAY CHANNEL, CALIF. Location. Suisun Bay is about 30 miles northeast of San Francisco, Calif., and is an integral part of the waterways which provide access to the Pacific Ocean from inland ports of Califor- nia. Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers flow to a junction and empty into Suisun Bay near Collinsville, and New York Slough, a distributary of San Joaquin River, leads to the head of Suisun Bay at Pittsburg, Calif. The port of Sacramento is situated on the Sacramento River about 60 miles north of Collinsville; the city of Stockton is on the San Joaquin River about 40 miles above Pittsburg and access to the city has been provided by Stockton Deepwater Channel. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5534.) Previous project. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919, provided for a channel 300 feet wide from Martinez to Antioch, Calif., 24 feet deep across the lower shoal near Bulls Head Point, 1604 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 20 feet deep across Point Edith and Middle Ground Shoals, and 18 feet deep through New York Slough; all depths refer to mean lower low water. Local interests were required to contribute toward the first cost of construction and to provide spoil area together with the required impounding levees. For further de- tails, see page 1756 of Annual Report for 1920, page 1562 of Annual Report for 1926, and page 1714 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 300 feet wide and 30 feet deep through Bulls Head Point, Point Edith, and Middle Ground Shoals to the mouth of New York Slough, a dis- tance of about 13 miles, and for a channel 250 feet wide and 20 feet deep south of Seal Island from the main channel at Point Edith, mile 3, to the main channel again at Bay Point, mile 6. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 6 feet. The extreme range is about 9.5 feet. The total Federal cost of new work for the existing project, completed in 1934, exclusive of work accomplished under the public works program as part of the San Joaquin River 30-foot project, was $142,026, and the latest (1956) approved estimate for annual (Federal) cost of maintenance is $90,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Jan. 21, 1927 For a 26-foot channel through the bay--_-- _-_-- - H. Doc. 554, 68th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 The 30-foot channel across Bulls Head Point Shoal Rivers and Harbors Committee and for the 20-foot channel south of Seal Islands. Doc. 23, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 2 A 30-foot channel through Bulls Head Point, Point Senate committee print, 73d Cong., Edith, and Middle Ground Shoals to the mouth of 1st sess. (San Joaquin River and New York Slough. Stockton Channel, Calif.). 1 The latest published map is in Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 4, 70th Cong., 1st sess. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Along the channel between the western end of the bay and mouth of New York Slough, there are 3 wharves and 2 car-ferry slips, all privately owned and used. Also, a naval magazine with wharves and warehouses has been constructed at Port Chicago, on the southern shore (mile 6). These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. The total tonnage through the channel in 1954 was 7,381,150 tons. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Operations during the year accomplished by hired labor included preliminary surveys, preparation of plans and specifications, miscellaneous inspections and reports, and condition surveys. The Government owned hopper dredge Pacific was utilized to remove 66,736 cubic yards of material in maintenance dredging at scattered locations in Suisun Bay Channel. Total costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $51,768. Condition at end of fiscal year. New work under the existing RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1605 project was initiated in June 1930, and completed in 1934; a por- tion of this work was accomplished under the public works program. The portion of the existing project authorized prior to the public works program was completed in 1931 except for deepening the 26-foot channel across Bulls Head Point to 30 feet; this portion was subsequently included in the public works pro- gram. Work under the public works program was accomplished during 1933 and 1934. The channel is navigable during the entire year and provides access to San Francisco Bay from the navigation channels of San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers. The controlling depth at mean lower low water in the main chan- nel is 28 feet, and in the channel south of Seal Island is 14 feet. Annual dredging is required to maintain the project depth and width in a satisfactory manner without undue interference to essential general and defense navigation requirements. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1956, exclusive of the work performed under the public works program at a cost of $207,198 as a part of the San Joaquin River 30-foot project, were $1,139,887, of which $142,026 was for new work and $997,861 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------------- -- ------------------------------------------ 8 $200,928 Cost----------------------- Cost--------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- - 200,928 a200,928 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ $62,000 $66,875 $69,900 $57,450 $51,850 1,057,787 Cost----------------- 64,180 66,710 69,909 57,579 51,768 1,057,678 1Includes $58,901 for new work and $59,817 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition, $59,551 for new work and $5,449 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds for the previous project. 3 Exclusive of work accomplished under existing project at a cost of $207,198 from Public Works Ad- ministration funds allotted to San Joaquin River. 4. OLD RIVER, CALIF. Location. Old River is the most westerly branch of the inter- connecting tidal channels into which San Joaquin River divides in crossing its delta. It leaves the main river 2 miles down- stream from the Mossdale State Highway Bridge, or 13 1/ miles above the mouth of Stockton Channel, and flows westerly and northerly 32 miles to its lower confluence with the main river 23 miles above its mouth in Suisun Bay. Existing project. This project extends along Old River from its mouth near Venice Island to its source in the San Joaquin River near Mossdale and provides for a side channel 10 feet deep and 80 feet wide to Santa Fe wharves and Phillips cannery at Orwood; for channels 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide in Grant Line Canal west of Doughty Cut, 10 feet deep and 80 feet wide from the westerly end of Doughty Cut to the Holly Sugar factory, 2 miles north of Tracy, 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide from the southerly end of Doughty Cut to head of Old River, and 6 feet 1606 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 deep and 80 feet wide in Old River from the westerly end of Grant Line Canal to Lammers Ferry Road; and for entrances 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide to Fabian-Bell Canal at its westerly end and also westerly of Grant Line Bridge. All depths are referred to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at the head of Old River is about 3 feet; and at its mouth about 5.5 feet; ordinary flood ranges are, respectively, 16 feet and 8 feet; extreme flood ranges are, respectively, 20 feet and 11 feet. The Federal cost of new work for the completed portion was $23,185; the latest (1956) approved estimate for annual (Federal) cost of maintenance is $30,000. The uncompleted portion of the project, consisting of comple- tion of the project channels at Orwood, from Crocker Cut to the head of Old River, and in the original channel of Old River from Grant Line Canal up to Lammers Ferry Road, is considered to be inactive and has been excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in July 1954, and was estimated to be $62,815. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 151, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish without cost to the United States all necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as necessary, and to agree to provide public landings satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers on each side of the proposed channel in the Old River near Lammers Ferry Road and on the Fabian-Bell Canal west of Grant Line Bridge. Spoil-disposal areas have been provided for those channels so far completed. Terminal facilities. The Santa Fe Railroad has a warehouse and wharf at Orwood for transfer of farm produce from boat to rail. The Phillips cannery at Orwood has similar facilities. The Holly Sugar Company refinery and terminal near Tracy has a large wharf and an unloading basin with three mechanical un- loading and conveying units connecting with a warehouse; there is also a passing basin one-half mile downstream. There are about 100 private bank landings along the project channels; some have sheds for storage. These are all privately owned and operated. Public landings should be provided as set forth above under "Local cooperation." The total tonnage through the channels of the project in 1954 was 212,126 tons. Operation and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Operations during the year consisted of miscellaneous inspections and reports, including maintenance of gages and gage reading, minor snagging and clearing along Old River between Grant Line Canal and head of Old River, and condition surveys of the channel, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. Total costs during the fiscal year were $3,365 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. New work was accomplished in fiscal year 1939 in Old River Channel from its head in San Joaquin RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1607 River to Grant Line Canal and in the channels of Grant Line Canal, Crocker Cut, and Doughty Cut. Existing commerce does not indicate a need for completion of the remaining channel con- struction. The channel is navigable during the entire year and provides the only avenue of water transportation from the delta islands to certain agricultural processing plants. It is necessary to perform annual maintenance dredging to maintain full channel dimensions in order to accommodate the using traffic. Approxi- mately 200,000 cubic yards of shoals were caused by floodborne sand and silt along Grant Line Canal and in channels leading to Holly Sugar Factory as a result of the floods of December 1955- January 1956. The 2 heads of navigation are at the head of Old River in San Joaquin River, and at the Holly Sugar Factory wharf, 2 miles north of Tracy. The controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year were: From the mouth of the river to Orwood, 11 miles, 10 feet; thence to the lower end of Grant Line Canal, 10 miles, 10 feet; thence (1) to Holly Sugar Factory near Tracy, 5 feet (low water season), or (2) to head of Old River in San Joaquin River, 5 feet (low water season). All depths refer to mean lower low water. Total costs for the project to June 30, 1956, were $312,852, of which $23,185 was for new work and $289,667 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: .......----------- Appropriated--- ------------ ----------------------------------- $23,185 Cost-- ------------------------------------------------------------------ 23,185 Maintenance: -- -$1,997 Appropriated ......----- $21,003 $34,400 $4,550 $3,100 289,755 Cost...... -----------............ 21,003 33,702 4,895 3,365 289,667 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ __ _ ___ __ _ ___ _ (1) 1 Exclusive of the uncompleted portion of the project, which is considered to be inactive. The cost of this portion is $62,815 (July 1954 index). 5. SAN JOAQUIN RIVER, CALIF. Location. San Joaquin River rises in east Central California in the Sierra Nevada about 25 miles southeast of the Yosemite Valley and flows southwesterly to the town of Mendota, thence northerly to its confluence with Sacramento River about 48 miles northeast of San Francisco to empty into Suisun Bay near Collins- ville, Calif. Total length of the river is about 340 miles. Near the mouth, a distributary channel, New York Slough, 3 miles long, leads to the head of Suisun Bay at Pittsburg; thence a deep chan- nel extends through this bay and others to San Francisco. The city of Stockton is on the east side of San Joaquin River about 40 miles above Pittsburg and access to the city has been provided by Stockton Channel, an artificial cut extending from the river about 21/4 miles into the city. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Sheet No. 5527.) 1608 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. The San Joaquin River project for naviga- tion was authorized in numerous River and Harbor Acts since 1876. It provides for the Stockton Deep Water Ship Channel to the city of Stockton and for minor channel improvements from Stockton Channel upstream for 86 miles to Hills Ferry to facilitate light-draft navigation. The 1927 River and Harbor Act author- ized the original deep water channel with a depth of 26 feet, which was subsequently modified to 30 feet by the 1935 authorization, and the most recent modification of the project was authorized by the 1950 River and Harbor Act. This improvement, as authorized by the River and Harbor Acts through May 17, 1950 (PL 516, 81st Cong.), provides for a chan- nel 30 feet deep at mean lower low water and for channel bottom width of 400 feet below Criminal Point (near river mile 25) and 225 feet above that point, from the mouth of New York Slough to Mormon Channel at Stockton, a distance of 41 miles (suitably widened at bends and at the entrances to New York Slough and to channels through shoals, with levees set back 230 feet from the center of the channel); for a channel 30 feet deep and 150 feet wide thence to Weber Point, 1 mile; for a 9-foot depth, thence to the head of navigation at Eldorado Street, one-half mile; for a 9-foot depth at Fremont Channel and McLeod Lake, arms of Stockton Channel; and for a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in Mormon Channel from its mouth to Washington Street, head of navigation, about 1 mile. It also provides for suitable passing basins and a turning basin 30 feet deep, 960 feet wide and 1,900 feet long at Stockton; for a turning basin 30 feet deep, 600 feet wide and 1,350 feet long adjacent to Rough and Ready Island; for a triangular shaped settling basin 30 feet deep and average side length of about 1,000 feet at the San Joaquin River just above its junction with the deep water channel (mile 42) and a second settling basin 30 feet deep, 100 feet wide and 1,200 feet long adjoin- ing the deep water channel at the mouth of Calaveras River; for dredging an additional settling basin 17 feet deep, 600 feet wide and 2,000 feet long on San Joaquin River above the head of Burns Cutoff; for a leveed channel 30 feet deep and 225 feet wide around Rough and Ready Island including construction of a combination railroad and highway bridge; for the reconstruction to grade and section of about 4,000 feet of levee along the north side of Venice Island Cut, and the setting back of levees where required for channel improvements and placement of bank protection on the face of such levees along the San Joaquin River below Stockton as have been critically damaged by traffic-induced wave action; for cutting off sharp bends and making cutoffs in the river; for filling Mormon Channel and Mormon Slough above Washington Street with dredge spoil insofar as is economically feasible; for partial closing of side channels at Laird Slough and Paradise Cut by weirs to confine the low-water flow to one main channel; and for snagging, removing overhanging trees, and constructing brush wing dams from the mouth of Stockton Channel to Hills Ferry, 86 miles, to facilitate light-draft navigation on this part of the river during higher stages of water. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1609 The following table shows the tide and flood conditions prevail- ing: Range in feet Miles from Place mouth of river Mean Extreme Ordinary Extreme tidal 1 tidal 1 flood flood Collinsville ........ ...------------------------------- 0 5.8 7.0 8 10 Mouth of Stockton Channel_.--- - 40 3.2 4.5 9 11 Mossdale Bridge-------------------------- 56 1.5 2.5 17 22 Hills Ferry ------------------------------ 126 ............ -- ...........---------------------- 12 16 1 Mean lower low water to mean higher high water. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost of new work (1956) is $14,000,000, of which $2,000 is for lands and damages and relocations and $13,998,000 for construction. The Federal cost of work authorized prior to the 1950 modification was $4,010,000. Total non-Federal cost of the earlier work is not available since the total cost to local interests of compliance with local cooperation requirements is not known. It is known, how- ever, that the local interests contributed $1,307,500 toward the construction cost of that work. The estimated non-Federal cost of the 1950 modification is $2,050,000, comprising a cash contribu- tion of $530,000 and additional outlay of $1,520,000 for lands, rights-of-way, and relocations required for project construction. Maintenance of the channel to project depths after completion is the responsibility of the Federal Government. The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $200,000. Operation and maintenance of the combined rail and highway bridge and any other bridges required over the waterway, main- tenance of utilities, and maintenance of existing levees and new levees is the responsibility of local interests. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1610 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents i -- i Aug. 14, 1876 These acts provided for cutting off sharp bends and Mar. 3, 1881 making cutoffs in San Joaquin River below the July 5, 1884 mouth of Stockton Channel; dredging Mormon Aug. 11, 1888 Channel; snagging, removing obstructions, and July 13, 1892 constructing wing dams in San Joaquin River from Aug. 18, 1894 Stockton Channel to Hills Ferry; and the partial June 3, 1896 closing of side channels at Laird Slough and Para- dise Cut, without adopting any specific dimensions. June 25, 1910 A 9-foot channel up to Stockton ........ ...-------- H. Doc. 1124, 60th Cong., 2d sess. July 25, 1912 Improvement of Fremont Channel and McLeod H. Doc. 581, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Lake at Stockton. 1 Jan. 21, 1927 A 26-foot channel up to Stockton- ------------------- H. Doc. 554, 68th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 The original 30-foot channel up to Stockton-.......... Senate committee print, 73d Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 The widened 30-foot channel up to Stockton-......... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 15, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' May 17, 1950 Modification of the navigation project to provide for H. Doc. 752, 80th Cong., 2d sess. construction of a new turning basin adjacent to Rough and Ready Island; widen existing turning basin at Stockton; enlargement of Stockton Chan- nel between existing turning basin and Weber Point; construction of leveed channel, as necessary, around Rough and Ready Island, including con- struction of a combination railroad and highway bridge; dredging a settling basin on San Joaquin River above the head of Burns Cutoff; elimination of dredging of a portion of Mormon Channel; filling of a portion of Mormon Channel and Mormon Slough; and for levee changes and levee protective works below Stockton. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. All requirements for work accomplished to date under the authorization of the River and Harbor Acts through August 26, 1937, have been complied with. In ac- cordance with those acts, local interests were required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance; contribute $1,307,500 toward the first cost of the dredging for the 26-foot project; provide terminal facilities; and assume maintenance of the levees. In accordance with the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950; local interests are required to (1) except for the new turning basin, furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (2) agree to accept ownership of the combined rail and highway bridge upon completion of construction, together with mainte- nance, operation, and future replacement or alteration as may be required, provide and maintain any other bridges required over the waterway, and accomplish all necessary utility relocations and alterations and the maintenance thereof; (3) contribute progres- sively as the project is constructed, at such rate as is satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army, a total of $530,000 in cash toward the cost of new work of the improvement; (4) prior to enlarge- ment of Stockton Channel and construction of the channel around Rough and Ready Island, agree to provide, maintain, and operate suitable terminal and related facilities at the site of the improve- ment under consideration; (5) agree to continue to maintain the levees along the deep water channel including those provided with bank protection by the Federal government and those bordering RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1611 the improved channel around Rough and Ready Island; and (6) agree to hold and save the United States free from damages re- sulting from construction, maintenance, and operation of the pro- posed improvements. Local interests are represented by the Stockton Port District formed under the laws of the State of California as provided in chapter 1028 of the Statutes of 1931 for the purpose of carrying out the required local cooperation. The district furnished as- surances, dated September 21, 1954, for the 1950 authorized modification; Sacramento District accepted the agreement for the Secretary of the Army on December 14, 1954. Required lands and rights-of-way will be provided as required for prosecution of the project. Authority was granted October 12, 1954, by the Comptroller of the Army for acceptance of funds to be contributed by the port of Stockton progressively as the project is constructed. $35,000 Was contributed in November 1954 toward the enlargement of the turning basin at Stockton. Terminal facilities. The harbor facilities at the port of Stock- ton, Calif., consist of 55 piers, wharves, and docks which are lo- cated along the San Joaquin River and on the Stockton, Mormon, and Fremont Channels. With the exception of 4 facilities on the San Joaquin River and 3 on Mormon Channel, all facilities are lo- cated on Stockton Channel or in proximity thereto. Nearly half of the port's water terminals are bulkhead-type shore wharves with sufficient depths of water to accommodate ordinary river craft; the ocean terminals are concrete marginal wharves; and the remainder are generally open pile, timber-decked piers, shore wharves, or offshore wharves. General cargo facilities (6 in number) and petroleum handling facilities (7 in number), are indicative of the foremost items of waterborne commerce handled at the port. The harbor facilities include a marine service sta- tion, facilities for handling creosote, treated piling, fruits, vege- tables, ore and other bulk materials. About one-half of the waterfront facilities are owned by the city of Stockton and are under the jurisdiction of the Stockton Port District governed by the board of port commissioners. The Stockton Port District is the agency operating the Stockton ocean terminal, comprised of 7 public wharves and a bulk-material wharf providing 3,335 feet of berthing space in depths of 28 and 29 feet, mean lower low water, with approximately 303,400 square feet of transit sheds, as well as 508 feet of open wharf. Eight oceangoing vessels can be accommodated at one time at the public ocean terminal. The transit sheds are provided with rail connec- tions by the Stockton public belt railroad. The port also owns and operates 5 storage warehouses with a total of 799,420 square feet of storage area available for public merchandise, equipped with portable mechanized handling equipment and served by trackage of the belt railroad, adjacent to the public ocean termi- nal which includes a cotton warehouse and compress with 246,400 square feet of floor area and a grain terminal. The grain termi- nal has a flood area of 185,140 square feet and a cubical capacity of 1612 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY,/1956 3,414,600 feet. Approximately 1,000,000 square feet open-stor- age space is available at Stockton Port District public wharves for commodities not affected by weather conditions. The open- storage space is readily accessible to trucks and is served by trackage of the belt railroad. Portable handling equipment and a 12 1/ 2 -ton locomotive crane serve the storage areas on the port district property. Certain facilities at the Stockton port terminal are in use for military purposes. A naval supply depot (Stockton Annex) has been completed on Rough and Ready Island, bounded by the Stockton Deepwater Channel on the north side, San Joaquin River on the east side, and Burns Cutoff on the south and west sides. Shallow-draft facilities on the upper channel include 12,500 linear feet of wharves of which 8,620 linear feet are privately operated, the remainder being operated by the Stockton Port District. Included along these wharves are 341,600 square feet of transit sheds and 225,370 square feet of storage warehouses. There are two privately owned cold-storage warehouses located on Mormon Channel with a total storage capacity of 1,582,750 cubic feet, of which 1,124,750 cubic feet are available for public storage. The port owns and operates the belt-line railroad, which con- nects with three transcontinental railroads and serves all facilities in the area; highway trucks are afforded easy access by paved streets and roads. An excellent system of improved highways connects the port with the Pacific coastal areas, as well as the surrounding agricultural area. Downstream from Stockton, the traffic is accommodated by bank landings and sheds, except at Antioch and near Pittsburg, where there are wharves for shallow- and deep-draft vessels. The terminal transfer facilities at the public ocean terminal of the port of Stockton are adequate for the present and immediate future. There has been a sustained annual growth of traffic in and out of the port of Stockton. The turning basin enlargement, accomplished in 1955, facilitates the use of the loading and storage facilities added by the port of Stockton during recent years to accommodate the greatly increased tonnage handled by the port. The port has expanded its loading and storage facilities to handle iron ore brought in by rail from Nevada; it is expected that this item will reach 1,000,000 tons a year. It is expected that con- struction of the remaining facilities authorized by the 1950 River and Harbor Flood Control Act will be required in the relatively near future to accommodate the additional requirements of indus- try and commerce. The total tonnage along the project channels, including the port of Stockton, in 1954 was 2,035,050 tons. Of this amount, over 1,000,000 tons was deep-draft cargo and the balance barge traffic. Operation and results during fiscal year. New work: Engi- neering and design office studies were continued by hired labor during the year. Adjustment of costs from Federal to contributed project funds, RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1613 for new work performed during fiscal year 1955, was accom- plished. Maintenance: Dredging operations, by contract suction dredge, resulted in the removal of 27,714 cubic yards of material in San Joaquin River at the junction with three-mile slough. Dredging operations, by contract suction dredge, were also performed along Stockton Deep Water Channel from Stockton Terminal to Cala- veras River, resulting in the removal of 285,407 cubic yards of material. Operations during the year also included condition surveys of the channel at various locations, maintenance of gages and gage readings, preparation of plans and specifications, miscel- laneous field reconnaissance and reports, and removal of snags from channel of San Joaquin River, all of which were performed by hired labor. Adjustment of costs from Federal to contributed project funds, for work performed during fiscal year 1955, was accomplished. Total costs during the fiscal year were $203,389, comprising minus $28,049 from Federal funds and $35,000 from contributed project funds, a net total of $6,951, for new work, and $196,438 for main- tenance from Federal funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 30 percent complete. Construction of the project was initiated in December 1877; further modifications were subsequently author- ized and accomplished. The 9-foot channel up to Stockton, authorized in 1910, was initiated in 1915 and completed in 1923. Improvement of Fremont Channel and McLeod Lake, authorized in 1912, was accomplished in 1914. Dredging of the 26-foot chan- nel up to Stockton, authorized in 1927, was initiated in 1930 and completed in 1933. The original 30-foot channel up to Stockton, which was included in the public works program under the Na- tional Industrial Recovery Act and subsequently authorized in 1935, was accomplished during 1934 and 1935. Dredging of the widened 30-foot channel, authorized in 1937, was initiated in 1938 and completed in October 1940; Mormon Channel was dredged from the junction with Stockton Deep Water Channel to a point near Washington Street Bridge at Stockton in 1948. All work authorized prior to May 1950 is complete except for the dredging above the south line of Main Street in Stockton to a depth of 9 feet; local interests have advised that dredging above the south line of Main Street will not be required. Enlargement of the existing turning basin, authorized in 1950, was accom- plished in 1955. The turning basin in Stockton Channel is 960 feet wide and has a length of 1,900 feet along the northerly edge, tapering to 1,100 feet along the southerly edge. Definite design studies, construction plans, and specifications for the 1950 modification are about 4 percent complete. The controlling depth from mouth of the river in Suisun Bay to Mormon Channel, 41 miles, is 28 feet; thence to Edison Street, three-quarters of a mile, 22 feet; and thence to head of navigation at Center Street, one-half mile, 9 feet. A 9-foot depth is available in Mormon Channel, up to Main Street, 0.9 mile; thence 2 feet to Center Street, head of navigation; and 9 feet in Fremont Channel 1614 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY; 1956 and McLeod Lake. All depths are referred to mean lower low water. The channel is navigable during the entire year. The river, from its junction with Stockton Channel to the Moss- dale Bridge (16 miles), usually has a controlling depth of 3 feet from April to June, inclusive, and from Mossdale Bridge to Hills Ferry (70 miles), head of navigation, the usual controlling depth is 3 feet from April to June, inclusive. Navigation in the section above the San Joaquin Bridge (Southern Pacific Railroad cross- ing), at Mossdale, is impracticable in the low stages after June. New work remaining to complete the project consists of the construction authorized by the River and Harbor Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, except for enlargement of the existing turn- ing basin, for modification of the navigation project. An additional 100,000 cubic yards of shoals accumulated in the settling basin from the Spring runoff subsequent to maintenance dredging accomplished in March 1956. Annual maintenance dredging is required for removal of ac- cumulated shoals caused by settlement of floodborne sand and silt to provide the project depths in satisfactory condition to accommodate general and defense navigation requirements. The total costs for the project to June 30, 1956, were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States: Regular_ ......... - _.._..___ - - --.....- -. $3,111,001 $3,426,930 $6,537,931 1,158,348---------------- Public works ..................------------------------ 11,158,348 Total United Statesfunds___.......-------- - 4,269,349 3,426,930 7,696,279 Contributed_--- __-------------------........---- 1,342,500 1,250 1,343,750 Total, all 5,611,849 3,428,180 9,040,029 ....................-----------------------------........... funds---- 1 forthe 30-foot channel in Suisun Bay Channel. Includes $207,198 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ------------------------------------ Appropriated.................... $335,000------------- $336,000 1$4,344,938 1$4,344,938 Cost----- ------------ ---------------------- 287,460 2-$28,049 14,269,349 Maintenance: Appropriated----_-- $299,446 $146,550 $51,600 22,600 195,600 3,427,043 Cost.......---- 293,548 146,584 62,425 22,083 196,438 3,426,930 1Includes $1,158,348 from Public Works funds, of which $207,198 was for the 30-foot channel in Suisun Bay Channel. 2 Includes adjustment of costs from Federal to contributed project funds in accordance with provisions of the authorization for work accomplished in fiscal year 1955. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_____. $75, 589 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -- ---------- - 450, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 525, 589 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- - 9, 205, 062 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1615 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------------- ------------ ------------ $35,000------------- -$1,342, 500 Cost----- $35,000 ..---------------------------------------------- 1,342,00 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ------------------------------------------------------------ 1,250 Cost----------- ----------------------------------------------- ------ 1,250 1 Represents adjustment of costs for work accomplished in fiscal year 1955 from Federal to contributed project funds in accordance with project authorization. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_________ __ _ $495, 000 6. STOCKTON AND MORMON CHANNELS (DIVERTING CANAL), CALIF. Location. This is an artificial cut located about 3 miles east of Stockton, Calif., which extends from Mormon Slough north- westerly about 41/2 miles to intersect the original Calaveras River Channel near the northeast corner of the city of Stockton. (See U. S. Geological Survey Sheet, Stockton quadrangle.) Existing project. This project provides for diverting the waters of Mormon Slough before reaching Mormon and Stockton Channels for the purpose of preventing debris deposits in the navigable portions of Stockton and Mormon Channels. The results were obtained by construction of (1) a diversion dam across Mormon Slough 3 miles east of Stockton; (2) a diverting canal 150 feet wide, with average cut of 8 feet, extending 4.63 miles to the north branch of the Calaveras River; (3) the enlarge- ment of the Calaveras River to cross sectional area of 1,550 square feet, thence to its mouth at San Joaquin River, 5 miles; and (4) a levee along the left banks of the diverting canal and Cala- veras River, using material excavated for the channel enlarge- ment. The height of the levee is limited by necessary railway and highway crossings to about 3 feet above the contemplated flood surface. The canal is empty during the greater part of the year, but at times of extreme flood there is a depth of about 12 feet, and at ordinary flood a depth of about 10 feet. The total Federal cost of new work for the project, completed in 1923 was $253,151, and the latest (1956) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. 152, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report for 1899, p. 3188). The latest published map is in House Document 256, 63d Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. See report on San Joaquin River, Calif. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Operations during the year consisted of condition inspections and studies, field reconnaissance, miscellaneous reports, and minor bank protection along the Diverting Canal levees, all of which 1616 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY; 1956 were accomplished by hired labor. In addition, clearing at scattered locations along both banks of Calaveras River was ac- complished by hired labor and rented equipment. Total cost during the fiscal year was $8,841. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of new work was initiated in November 1908; under this initial construction phase, work along the Calaveras River section was completed in October 1909, and the canal section of the diverting canal in September 1910. The project was then considered to be about 86 percent complete; no further new work was accomplished until fiscal year 1922. During fiscal years 1922 and 1923 additional new work was accomplished in the Calaveras River section to complete the project. Most of the silt formerly deposited in Stockton and Mormon Channels is diverted therefrom by this canal, obviating serious inconveniences to navigation and expensive annual dredg- ing. As a result of the flood of December 1955-January 1956, levee repair along the upper reach of the channel was performed using Public Law 99 emergency funds. Some bank protection was in- volved at the Southern Pacific Railroad bridge, also. Annual maintenance activities, consisting of the provision of an adequate channel capacity for floodwaters by clearing brush and trees and construction of bank protection at critical locations to prevent slippage and erosion of banks caused by floodwaters, are required to preserve the effectiveness of the project. Total cost for the project to June 30, 1956, was $426,953, of which $253,151 was for new work and $173,802 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated ----------- ------------ ------------------------------------ $253,151 Cost -------------------------------------------------------------------- 253,151 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ $7,712 $17,500 $1,100 $6,500 $8,850 173,830 Cost----------------- 7,712 8,862 9,530 6,689 8,841 173,802 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1617 7. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Feather River, Calif ...............- .-. ....----- 1951 752 1 $85, (2) Middle River and connecting channels, Calif...__ 1951 3$8,354 81,682 (4) (5) Mokelumne River, Calif.. -------------------- 1951 8,500 67,537 (4) (6) Snagging and clearing under authority of sec. 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved Mar. 2, 1945 .............---------------------------------- 1951 2,997 (4) 1 Includes $10 for mainteance for previous project. In addition, $6,160 for previous project and $3,840 for existing project, for maintenance, was expended from contributed funds. 2 Maintenance project; channels currently adequate for commerce; latest approved estimate (1953) of Federal cost for annual maintenance is $2,000. 3Includes $1,600 for new work and $790 for maintenance for previous porject. 4Completed. 6 Maintenance not presently required as channels are adequate for commerce. Latest approved estimate (1953) of Federal cost for annual maintenance is $2,000 for Middle River ane connecting channels and $4,000 for Mokelumne River, Calif. 6 Tonnage through the channels in 1954 was: Middle River and connecting channels, Calif., 19,645 tons and Mekelumne River, Calif., 95,330 tons. 8. SACRAMENTO RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, CALIF., FROM COLLINSVILLE TO SHASTA DAM Location. The Sacramento River rises in the Trinity Moun- tains in north-central California, flows in a general southerly direction about 374 miles and empties into Suisun Bay, an arm of San Francisco Bay at Collinsville, Calif. The works covered by this improvement are on the Sacramento River and tributaries from Collinsville to Shasta Dam, about miles 312. The drainage area above Rio Vista is 26,500 square miles. (See U. S. Geologi- cal Survey quadrangles of the area for Sacramento River and upper Butte Basin; Flournoy and Fruto quadrangles for Black Butte Reservoir; and the Tuscan Buttes, Tehama, Redding, and Hooker quadrangles for Table Mountain Reservoir). Existing project. The improvement of Sacramento River and tributaries, from Collinsville to Shasta Dam, was authorized as a unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other related purposes in the Sacramento River Basin. The active elements of the project comprise the enlargement of existing levees on Sacra- mento River between vicinity of Moulton weir and Ord Bend; the construction of new levees from the present levee terminus to vicinity of Chico Landing; construction of Chico Landing weir; the extension of the existing Moulton weir; and the enlargement of existing levees in Sutter, Tisdale, and Sacramento Bypasses and a portion of Yolo Bypass. In addition to the above, the project includes levee construction and/or channel enlargement on the following minor tributaries of the Sacramento River below Red Bluff: Antelope Creek; Chico and Mud Creeks, and Sandy Gulch; Butte and Little Chico Creeks; Cherokee Canal; Elder Creek; Deer Creek (Tehama County) ; Thomes Creek, and Willow Creek. These improvements are for the purpose of flood control. The improvement provides for approximately 265 miles of channel improvement and about 335 miles of levees with an average height of 12 feet. A freeboard of 3 feet will be provided by the river levees and 5 to 6 feet by the bypass levees. 1618 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY 1956 The above levee construction supplements the program of levee improvements which are being accomplished pursuant to the Flood Control Act of March 1, 1917, as amended by subsequent acts, including the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, and which are reported by California Debris Commission under im- provement No. 4 "Sacramento River, Cailf., Flood Control." The project is an integral part of the overall plan for flood control and other purposes in the Sacramento River Basin. It is designed either to supplement certain of the proposed reservoirs by directing or confining the regulated flood flows to nondamaging channel sections or stages, or to reduce or alleviate the local flood hazard along streams on which no impoundment is planned at this time. The areas affected by the active portion of the project include the towns of Chico, Willows, and smaller communities, and about 112,000 acres of agricultural lands. In addition, limited protection will be provided to Upper Butte Basin. In conjunction with authorized reservoirs, the project will provide flood protec- tion to some areas along the main river and to Highway Nos. 99E and 99W, to the main lines of the Southern Pacific Railroad, to other state and county highways, and feeder railroads. The authorization also provides for the construction of the Black Butte Reservoir, an earthfill dam, with a maximum height of 138 feet, to create a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of 160,000 acre-feet for flood control and water conservation pur- poses. The improvement will be located in Tehama and Glenn Counties about 9 miles westerly of Orland, Calif., on Stony Creek, a tributary entering the Sacramento River at mile 190. The reservoir will provide flood protection from flooding by Stony Creek to the towns of Orland and Hamilton City, to a transconti- nental highway, to a transcontinental railroad, to important food processing plants, and to about 35,000 acres of agricultural land lying along the lower reaches of Stony Creek and west of Sacra- mento River and, in addition, will provide 60,000 acre-feet of new water annually for irrigation. This project, in conjunction with the levee and channel improvements of the comprehensive plan, will help reduce flooding along the Sacramento River and in Butte Basin. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (July 1956) of the principal features is as follows: Estimated cost Project Lands and damages Construction (including Total relocation) Levees, uSacramento River and tributaries 1_- r----.---..--. _ _ ___. $20,500,000 B $20, 500,000 Black Butte Reservoir-- --. --. --...... . .--. -.. --. 16,084,000 $916, 000 17, 000,000 Total__. . ----.- ........-... -... -.. --.-... -... -. - 36,584,000 916,000 37,500,000 1 Active units of Sacramento and tributaries. The estimated (1956) cost to local interests for new work on the active units of the levee and channel improvements is FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1619 $3,000,000 and comprises the provision of lands, easements, and rights-of-way and all necessary highway and utility alterations required. The construction of the necessary works for improvements of Upper Butte Basin, authorized by the 1950 Flood Control Act, exclusive of the work applicable to the extension of Moulton weir which has been retained in the active portion, has been deferred for restudy and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this unit was last revised in July 1954 and was esti- mated to be $3,530,000 for construction. The latest estimate (1954) of the cost to local interests for lands, damages, and bridge and utility relocations for this project unit is $1,787,000. Levee construction in Lower Butte Basin and in Lower Yolo Bypass, exclusive of work applicable to the extension of Moulton weir which has been retained in the active portion, are considered to be inactive and are also excluded from the foregoing cost esti- mate. The costs of these units were last revised in July 1954 and were estimated to be $7,286,500 for Lower Butte Basin and $3,733,500 for Lower Yolo Bypass for construction. The latest estimate (1954) of the costs to local interests for lands, damages, and bridge and utility relocations for these units are $2,285,000 for Lower Butte Basin and $222,000 for Lower Yolo Bypass. In addition, Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir is also considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this project unit, including the power facility, was last revised in July 1954 and was estimated to be $77,200,000, of which $4,417,900 was for lands and damages in- cluding relocations and $72,782,100 for construction. Operation and maintenance of the levee and channel improve- ments after completion will be the responsibility of local interests; the latest estimate (1956) of costs to local interests is $207,000, including replacements. Operation and maintenance of the Black Butte Reservoir will be the responsibility of the Federal Govern- ment; the latest estimated (1956) annual cost of $117,000 (includ- ing replacements). Local interests will reimburse the United States for conservation accomplishments of the reservoir. The improvement was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 649, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which con- tains the latest publised map), which authorized to be appro- priated for the initiation of the project the sum of $15,000,000; further' amendment by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 367, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), included construction and monetary authorization for the necessary works of improvement for the protection of the Upper Butte Basin, currently deferred for restudy. Local cooperation. Payment for conservation storage to be provided by Black Butte Reservoir, as determined by the Secreary of the Army upon the basis of continuing studies by the Bureau of Reclamation, the Department of the Army, and local organiza- tions, is to be made to the United States by the State or other responsible agency for this storage when used. Chapter 1514, Statutes of 1945, and chapter 196, Statutes of 1620 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1953, State of California, provided for adoption of the project and for the furnishing of the required assurances of local coopera- tion for the levee and channel improvement work. These as- surances have been furnished and accepted. Local interests are represented by the Reclamation Board of the State of California. All land and rights-of-way required for the levee and channel improvements to date have been furnished by the State of California and will be furnished as required for future construction. Operations and results during fiscal year. a. Construction and enlargement of levees and local improvements on Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries (active portions) : Minor preliminary engineering was continued. In addition, a small final payment was made on a claim for additional payment for previous contract work accomplished along Little Chico and Butte Creeks. As a result of the heavy rainfall in December 1955, flood peaks on minor tributaries of Sacramento River (Cherokee Canal, and Butte, Little Chico, Chico, Antelope, Elder, Thomes, and Willow Creeks) were large, but did not exceed previous record flows, except on Thomes Creek where a peak of about 23,700 cubic feet per second on December 22, 1955, exceeded the previous record flow of about 18,600 cubic feet per second in January 1943. Persistent stormy weather in January and February 1956 caused some flooding in many places, but the damage had already been done by the December 1955 flooding. The Deer Creek levees were completed in 1949 and prevented flooding along Deer Creek, although they were severely eroded and broken in some places. Areas within Sutter, Tisdale, Yolo, and Sacramento Bypasses, and part of Butte Basin were flooded, as is to be expected when the river reaches certain stages of flow. Damage prevented by the completed Deer Creek project and the partially completed Butte Creek project, amounted to about $300,000. Local interests levees, along the lower reaches of many of the minor streams, prevented some flooding. If the improve- ments on the above minor tributaries had been completed and in operation, they would have prevented practically all of the flooding which occurred along these creeks, and all of the corresponding damages caused by the December-January-February floods, amounting to about $600,000. Total cost of new work for the levee and channel improvements during the fiscal year was $9,518. b. Black Butte Reservoir: Engineering, including field surveys and investigations and preparation of design memorandum, was accomplished by hired labor during the year. In addition, ex- ploration work was accomplished by hired labor and rented equipment. During the floods of December 1955, flood damages on Stony Creek were principally to roads and bridges in the mountainous headwater area, and to levees on the lower reach of the stream. The damage above Black Butte Dam site amounted to $128,000 and below Black Butte Dam site to $29,000. If the reservoir had FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1621 been built and in operation, it would have prevented all of the damages to the levees in the lower reach of the creek. Total cost of new work for Black Butte Reservoir during the fiscal year was $55,696. c. Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir: This improve- ment is considered to be inactive and there was no operation nor costs during the fiscal year. If this improvement had been con- structed and in operation, it would have reduced the flows of the December 1955-January 1956 floods into the flood-bypass system upstream of Fremont weir. Total cost of new work for the entire project during the fiscal year was $65,214, which included $9,518 for levee and channel im- provements on Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries and $55,696 for Black Butte Reservoir. Condition at end of fiscal year. a. Construction and enlarge- ment of levees and channel improvements on Sacramento River and minor tributaries (active portions) : Construction of the project was initiated in May 1949; items completed include most of the Deer Creek levees and a portion of the Butte Creek Channel improvements and levees. Further construction was suspended as a result of the Presidential directive dated July 21, 1950, due to the Korean emergency. Construction is scheduled for re- sumption on this improvement in fiscal year 1957. Preliminary engineering, including field surveys, and preparation of detailed plans and contract plans and specifications, is being continued. The active portion of this improvement is about 9 percent com- plete. Levee work remaining to be done for the active portions of the project includes enlargement of existing levees on Sacramento River between the vicinity of Moulton weir and Ord Bend; the construction of new levees from the present levee terminus to the vicinity of Chico Landing; construction of Chico Landing weir; the extension of the existing Moulton weir; and the enlargement of existing levees in Sutter, Tisdale, and Sacramento Bypasses and a portion of Yolo Bypass. In addition to the above, the project includes uncompleted levee construction and channel en- largement on the following minor tributaries of the Sacramento River; Antelope Creek; Chico and Mud Creeks, and Sandy Gulch; completion of Butte and Little Chico Creeks; Cherokee Canal; Elder Creek; completion of Deer Creek (Tehama County); Thomes Creek; and Willow Creek. Total cost of new work to June 30, 1956, was $2,000,966, of which $1,900,072 was from Federal funds and $100,894 from con- tributed non-project funds. b. Black Butte Reservoir: Data for definite design studies have been assembled, including general design, surveying and mapping, and exploration and materials tests. The design memo for the dam and appurtenances is about 7 percent complete. Engineer- ing studies were discontinued subsequent to fiscal year 1952 due to lack of funds until resumed during fiscal year 1956. Construc- tion has not been initiated. Total cost of new work to June 30, 1956, was $156,957. 1622 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Total cost of new work for the entire project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: Federal Contributed Project funds funds Total Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries (activeportions)_ .-------------------------------- $1,900,072 894 $100, 000,966 $2, Black Butte Reservoir ------------------------------- 156,957 ----------------- 156,957 Total- -------------------------------------- 2,057,029 100,894 22,157,923 I Contributed nonproject funds for miscellaneous construction at the expense of local interests in con- nection with acquisition of rights-of-way and utility alterations for Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries. 2Exclusive of costs in the amount of $151,000 for the portion of Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries and $614,608 for Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Dam and Reservoir, which are considered to be inactive. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: 2 -$740 ........... .... ' Appropriated------........ 2$201,072 $70,000 2 $2,071,332 Cost--------------- 256,938 $37,242 $23,123 165,214 8293,202 2,057,029 1 In addition, $100,894 was expended from contributed funds for miscellaneous construction (nonproject) at expense of local interests in connection with acquisition of rights-of-way and utility alterations for Sacra- mento River and major and minor tributaries. 2 Exclusive of the following amounts for Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir which is considered to be inactive: fiscal year 1952, -$1,500; fiscal year 1955, -$23,000; total to date, $614,608; and Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries-inactive portion, total to date, $151,000. 8 Exclusive of the following amounts for Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir (inactive); fiscal year 1952, -$1,500; fiscal year 1955, -$23,000; total to date, $614,608; and .Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries-inactive portion, total to date, $151,000. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956___ $6, 808 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------- 375, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_-------- 381, 808 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 4 35, 053, 668 rk under authority of sec. 208 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30,1948----------------------------- 1953 -------------- 4 1,919,202 (8) Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control- sec. 13 of the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946.--...--..--..... ---..... -....... 1955 141,275,052 ......-....... (8) FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1663 1 1954. 2 In addition, $48,000 was expended from contributed project funds. 3 In addition, $12,861 was expended from contributed funds. 4In addition, $184,986 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. 5 In addition, local interests are to contribute $2,762,000 toward the cost of construction, making a total first cost of $13,662,000. 6 The latest estimates (1954) of costs to local interests are as follows: Humboldt River and tributaries, Nev., $1,248,000 in addition to the above cash contribution; Little Valley Wash, Utah, $29,000; Sevier River, Utah, $70.000 in addition to cash contribution. 7 The latest (1948) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is as follows: Humboldt River and tributaries, Nev., $75,000. 8 Completed. 9 Deferred for restudy. 10 Considered inactive. 11 Costs $107 were incurred in fiscal year 1956 for prior obligations; in addition, $44,008 was expended from contributed funds for miscellaneous construction (nonproject) accomplished at the expense of local interests in connection with bridge construction. 12Costs of $1,172 were incurred in fiscal year 1956 for minor engineering studies. 13 The latest estimates (1956) of costs to local interests are as follows: Spanish Fork River, Utah, $129,000; and Truckee River and tributaries, Calif. and Nev., $193,000. 14In addition, $4,000 was expended from contributed funds. 20. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Projects authorized subject to specified conditions of local co- operation are transferred to responsible local interests upon completion of construction for operation and maintenance in accordance with the requirements of the authorizing legislation. Approved regulations for operation and maintenance of flood-con- trol works, part 208, title 33, Code of Federal Regulations provide for semiannual inspection by the district of completed projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance to determine the status of the project and to insure compliance with regulations. During fiscal year 1956, inspections were made of the following projects: Sevier River, Redmond and vicinity, Utah; completed units of the Sacramento River flood-control project; Big Dry Creek Reservoir and Diversion; various emergency flood-contol works under authority of section 208 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, section 210 of the Flood Control Act approved May 17,-1950, section 14 of the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, and Public Law 371 approved June 4, 1952; and snagging and clearing projects under authority of section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, as amended. Total cost for maintenance during the year was $4,968. Total costs for maintenance to June 30, 1956, were $15,014. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated.. --------- ............ $2,500 $1, 100 $2,000 $5, 000 $15,050 Cost_- ------------ $1,494 4,022 1,105 2,041 4,968 15,014 21. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood-control Emergency activities. Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation). Operations during the fiscal year included activities related to 1664 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 advance preparation for flood emergencies. Total cost for main- tenance during fiscal year for these activities was $4,755. The floods of December 1955 were the most widespread and destructive of any in the recorded history of Northern California since the legendary floods of 1862 and 1867. The Sacramento- San Joaquin Valley and adjacent western Nevada, 834,000 acres of land were inundated, 50,000 people were evacuated, and flood damages exceeded $104,000,000. Following the outstanding De- cember 1955 storm, ground conditions continued to be critically wet throughout the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basins, and a series of moderate size storms, during January and February 1956, caused repeated rises on various streams. As a result of the intense rainstorms and the exceptionally large streamflows which occurred throughout the Sacramento-San Joaquin Valley, the Tulare Basin, and the western Nevada areas, virtually every major stream overflowed its banks at some point, and many levees were broken. Emergency repair and restoration of flood-control works, under the provisions of this act, were accomplished at the following locations. This work was performed by hired labor, rented equip- ment, and/or contract. Lake County, Calif.: a. Repair levee break on Scotts Creek, near Lakeport. b. Remove debris and repair levee at several locations on Middle Creek. c. Levee repairs, various creeks near Upper Lake, at Lake County. d. Levee repair on west bank, Scotts Creek, approximately 6 miles west of Lakeport. Yuba-Marysville Area, Calif. : a. Repair levee break in right bank of Feather River south of Yuba City at Shanghai Bend. b. Repair levee break in east levee of Feather River just down- stream from Nicolaus Bridge, Yuba City. c. Repair north levee of Yuba River in vicinity of Marysville. d. Repair west levee of Feather River approximately 2 miles north of Yuba City. e. Repair levee on Yankee Slough near Wheatland. f. Repair Feather River levee north of Marysville. g. Clear channel and repair levee of Butte Creek near Durham. h. Repair Yuba River levee at Dantoni's near Marysville. i. Repair Bear River levee along Reclamation District No. 784. j. Repair west levee of Feather River downstream from Yuba City. k. Channel clearing on Downie River and North Yuba River at Downieville. 1. Levee repairs along Feather River at Gridley Bridge. m. Levee repair, Feather River, left bank, Honcut Creek to above Gridley Bridge. n. Close Verona Cut, levee repairs. o. Closure of Nelson Slough outlet to Tudor Lake. FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1665 p. Levee repair, Pacific Ranch, on Honcut Creek, Yuba County. q. Levee repair 1 mile north of Granella Bridge (Highway 32) on Sacramento River near Hamilton City. r. Installation of relief wells along Feather River, at Plumas Lake, Yuba County. s. Levee repairs one-half mile upstream from Gridley Bridge on Feather River. t. Cobble bank protection of newly repaired levee on Feather River at Shanghai Bend near Yuba City. u. Bank protection, Star Bend, Feather River. v. Bank protection, Nicolaus Break, Feather River. w. Bank protection at Nicolaus, Reclamation District No. 1001, Drainage Cut. Knights Ferry-Oakdale, Calif.: a. Levee repair on Stanislaus River at Riverbank. b. Levee repairs on Stanislaus River east of Salida. c. Repair levee on right bank of Stanislaus River near Oakdale. d. Levee repair on Stanislaus River, left bank along Atcheson Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad at Oakdale and Modesto. e. Repair levees in vicinity of sewage plant, Stanislaus River near Ripon, Stanislaus County. f. Levee repairs, Reclamation District No. 2031, Stanislaus and San Joaquin Rivers, southwesterly on Ripon. g. Levee repairs upstream from Highway 99 on Stanislaus River, near Ripon. Lodi, Calif.: a. Levee repair, Mokelumne River, Highway 99 to 2 miles above Lockeford. b. Repair levee breaks along south bank, Mokelumne River, near Lodi. c. Levee repairs on left bank, Dry Creek, northeast of Clements. d. Levee repairs along Mokelumne River from Highway 99 downstream to Peltier Road. e. Levee repairs, right and left banks, Cosumnes River. South Highway 99 downstream to Mokelumne River from junction of Cosumnes River upstream in Sacramento and San Joaquin Coun- ties. f. Levee repair 1/4 mile upstream Highway 99 near Lodi on Mokelumne River. g. Levee repairs on Mokelumne River near Lockeford. Merced County Area, Calif.: a. Remove debris from channels of Merced County streams. b. Levee repairs, 31/2 miles west of Livingston, Merced River. c. Levee repairs along Duck Slough, downstream from Healy Road, Merced County. d. Levee repairs, 3 miles southwest of Planada, on Duck Slough, Merced County. e. Levee repairs on Merced River near Delhi, Merced County. f. Repair damage to access roads, outlet structure, and spillway channel at Bear Creek Dam. 1666 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Fresno Area, Calif.: a. Repair levee breaks in canal levees in vicinity of Hammer Field and Fresno. b. Levee repair, right bank, Cottonwood Creek and left bank, Fresno River. c. Repair levee breaks in East Branch Ditch near Dinuba, Tulare and Fresno Counties. d. Channel clearing along Little Dry Creek, Fresno County. Visalia Area, Calif.: a. Repair levee of St. Johns River between Cutler Park and Ivanhoe Bridge, near Visalia. b. Clear debris from channel and repair levees of St. Johns River east of Atcheson, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad near Visalia. c. Clear debris from channel and repair levees of Kaweah River 7 miles east of Visalia. d. Repair levee of St. Johns River near Visalia. e. Repair levee breaks along St. Johns River near Visalia. f. Clear channel and repair levees along St. Johns River at McKays Point. g. Repair north levee of Kaweah River below 6th Avenue East Bridge. h. Repair north levee of St. Johns River below Ivanhoe Bridge near Visalia. i. Remove debris from channel and repair north and south levees of Kaweah River from Peoples Ditch to Highway 65. j. Clear channel of St. Johns River near Visalia. k. Clearing debris from Mill Creek Conduit, Visalia; repair levees along Mill Creek west of Visalia; and repair levees along south bank of St. Johns River and north bank of Mill Creek, vicinity of 6th Avenue East. 1. Levee repair and channel restoration, McKays Point, near Visalia. m. Levee repair and channel restoration, vicinity of Woodlake and Hanford, Kaweah River. n. Reconstruct levee and channel clearing, 4 miles upstream from Three Rivers, Tulare County. Porterville Area, Calif.: a. Repair levees along Tule River near Porterville. b. Repair levees, Porter Slough North and South, Middle Branch of Tule River at-Porterville. c. Channel clearing along Tule River above and below Porter- ville. d. Levee repairs 3 miles west of Porterville on Tule River. Sacramento Area, Calif.: a. Repair levees along Cosumnes River west of Highway 50. b. Repair Cosumnes River levees near Sloughhouse. c. Levee repairs on Cosumnes River, Thornton to Sloughhouse. d. Repair levees on Cosumnes River, 3 miles downstream from Meiss Bridge. FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1667 e. Repair levees on Dry Creek and Cosumnes River south of Franklin Airport, Sacramento County. f. Repair levee breaks on Snodgrass Slough, McCormack-Wil- liamson Tract and Deadhorse Island. g. Repair levee breaks on Dry Creek near Roseville. Amador County, Calif.: a. Levee repair, end of Church Street, City of Ione. Tehama County, Calif.: a. Repair levee, near Vina, Tehama County. b. Levee repairs on Elder Creek near Highway 99 and Tehama Road. c. Levee repair 3,500 feet upstream from Leininger Ranch on Deer Creek. Butte County, Calif.: a. Levee repair on Little Chico Creek, city of Chico area. b. Levee repairs on Pine Creek, Mud Creek, Big Chico Creek, Rock Creek, Murphy Slough, and Snaden Slough. Modoc County, Calif.: Levee repair and debris removal along Pit River in vicinity of Alturas. Siskiyou County, Calif.: Levee repairs along Sacramento River, at sewage plant at Dunsmuir. Mono County, Calif.: Channel restoration on West Walker River in Antelope Valley near Coleville. Contra Costa County, Calif.: a. Repair levee on left bank of Walnut Creek near Concord. b. Levee repair on Eucalyptus Island, adjacent to Widdows Island, Old River. Madera County, Calif.: a. Levee repairs along Ash and Berenda Sloughs. b. Levee repairs along Chowchilla River between Chowchilla and Madera. c. Levee repairs right and left banks of Ash Slough, vicinity of Chowchilla. Delta Area, Calif.: a. Levee repairs on Widdows Island. b. Repair Sacramento River levees at Collinsville. c. Repair Quimby Island levee break. d. Repair Empire Tract levee break. e. Levee repairs on Fay Island. f. Levee repairs on Morrison Island. g. Levee repairs, Upper Roberts Island, Reclamation District No. 544. 1668 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 San Joaquin County, Calif.: a. Repair Mormon Channel Diversion Canal levees, Stockton, and remove floatable debris. b. Repair levees on right bank, San Joaquin River, and left bank, Walthall Slough, near Tracy. c. Levee repairs on Mormon Slough, 31/2 miles, east of Linden, San Joaquin County. d. Levee repairs, left bank, San Joaquin River, 0.75 miles up- stream from Banta Carbona Canal intake. e. Levee repairs, Mormon Slough, near Stockton. f. Emergency levee repairs and bank protection, San Joaquin River, downstream from Paradise Dam. Stanislaus County, Calif.: a. Levee repair on Tuolumne River near East Shiloh Road at Modesto. b. Levee repairs at junction of San Joaquin and Tuolumne Rivers, near Tuolumne City. c. Levee repair, 4 to 5 miles downstream from Modesto and left bank, Tuolumne River, near Modesto. d. Levee repair, 31/2 miles southwest of Modesto on Tuolumne River. e. Levee repair between Empire and Hughson at Lakewood Memorial Park on the Tuolumne River. f. Levee repairs along right bank of San Joaquin River 2.5 miles from Crows Landing Bridges, Stanislaus County. g. Levee repairs right bank San Joaquin River 2 miles upstream from Crows Landing Bridge, Stanislaus County. h. Repair 4 levee breaks on left bank of Laird Slough, near Grayson. i. Levee repairs 4 miles downstream U. S. Highway 99, Stanis- laus River. Rights-of-way and assurances relative to holding the United States free from damages and future maintenance of project work were received prior to initiation of emergency works. In addition, flood-fighting and rescue-work activities were ac- complished under the authority of this act and Post-Flood reports were prepared. Preliminary investigations of required rehabilitation work was accomplished in the following areas: Marysville-Yuba City; Fresno; Stockton; Walnut Creek; Cache Creek levee; Reno; Clear Lake; and Delta. Flood-damages surveys were conducted in Sacramento District during December 1955 and January 1956. In addition, Sacramento District office performed supervision and administration of rehabilitation work. Total costs for maintenance during fiscal year 1956 were $9,728,444 from Federal funds. Total costs to June 30, 1956, for maintenance were $11,572,583, .of which $11,537,207 was from Federal funds and $35,376 from contributed funds. Authorization of Federal assistance to States and other local FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1669 governments in major disasters, and other purposes, Public Law 875, approved September 30, 1950. The Federal Civil Defense Administration, operating under the authority of Public Law 875, 81st Congress, 2d session, and acting through its Region VII office at Santa Rosa, Calif., established three field offices at cities in the Sacramento District (i.e., Yuba City and Stockton, Calif.; and Reno, Nev.) for the purpose of im- plementing the provisions of that law. The Sacramento District acted as an engineering and constructing agency for the F. C. D. A. in restoring sections of uncontrolled or improved channels-where specifically qualified-to preflood capacity by the removal of debris, and for disaster recovery in several flood-stricken areas. Activi- ties were performed in the following areas by utilization of hired labor, rented equipment, and contracts. Yuba-Maryville Area, Calif.: a. Clean debris from streets of Yuba City. b. Clean storm drain outlets and inlets at Yuba City. Sutter County, Calif.: Remove carcasses of dead livestock in Sutter County. Knights Ferry-Oakdale Area, Calif.: a. Removal of debris from Stanislaus River near Knights Ferry. b. Clear channel of Stanislaus River, Knights Ferry to Oakdale. c. Debris removal and channel clearing from Stanislaus River from Oakdale to its confluence with the San Joaquin River. d. Debris removal from Oristimba Creek upstream from High- way 33 near Crows Landing. Merced County Area, Calif.: Remove debris from channels of Merced County streams. Porterville Area, Calif.: Jetty and channel restoration, vicinity of Porterville. Amador County Area, Calif.: a. Remove debris from Sutter Creek, near Sutter Creek. b. Clear debris from channel of Jackson Creek, near Ione. Stanislaus and Tuolumne Counties, Calif.: a. Debris removal in Tuolumne River upstream from Modesto. b. Channel restoration, Woods Creek, 0.5 miles upstream from Jacksonville, Tuolumne County. c. Debris removal from Tuolumne River between Modesto and its confluence with the San Joaquin River. d. Channel restoration on Dry Creek near Modesto. Kaweah River Area, Calif. Channel clearing at Three Rivers on Kaweah River. Alpine County, Calif.: Channel clearing, East and West Forks of Carson River near Markleville. 1670 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Yerrington, Nev., Area a. Clear debris from Carson River near Dayton, Nev. b. Clean debris from channel of Walker River near Yerrington, Nev. c. Channel clearing, Carson River, downstream from Dayton, Nev. Gardnerville, Nev., Area Remove debris from channel of Carson River near Gardnerville, Nev. Reno, Nev., Area a. Clear debris from channel of Truckee River near Sparks, Nev. b. Remove debris from channel of Truckee River near Reno. Nev. c. Channel clearance on Steamboat and Galena Creeks, near Reno, Nev. Rights-of-way were furnished by local interests for the above work. Total costs for new work during fiscal year 1956 were $877,679 from Federal funds. Total costs to June 30, 1956, for new work were $877,679 from Federal funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: -------- ---------- ------------ -------------------- $1,000,000 Appropriated.. $1,000,000 Cost...------ ----------------------------------------------- 877,679 877,679 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $42,101 $287, 095 -$41,529 $4,182 211,006,000 1 2 12, 820, 234 Cost---------------- 279,165 281,838 36,659 4,209 9,728,444 111,537,207 1 In addition, $35,376 was expended from contributed funds. 2In addition, $51,200 was contributed for emergency works at various locations but has not yet been expended. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $29, 811 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ ______ ___ __ -__ ----- _____ 29,811 22. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD-CONTROL OPERATIONS In accordance with the provisions of section 7 of the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, flood-control regula- tions for Folsom and Friant Reservoirs, operated by the Bureau of Reclamation; Don Pedro Reservoir, operated by the Turlock and Modesto Irrigation Districts; and Hetch Hetchy and Cherry Val- ley Reservoir, operated by the city and County of San Francisco, were completed and prescribed in the Federal Register. A draft of the reservoir regulation manual for Folsom Reservoir was pre- pared. Summaries of monthly operations at Folsom, Friant, GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1671 Shasta, Don Pedro, Cherry Valley, Hetch Hetchy, and Big Dry Reservoirs were prepared and distributed. Navigation-flow requirements were analyzed to determine opera- tional criteria for Shasta Reservoir. Data were assembled on weather, river stages and flows, and tidal stages in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River Basins. The cost of this work during the fiscal year 1956 was $3,194. Total cost of this work to June 30, 1956, was $29,715. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-- $999 .... $2, 500 $2,500 $3,050 $29,733 Cost----------------- 999- 2,500 2,338 3,194 29,715 23. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Work performed under this category includes all investigations of authorized navigation and flood control preliminary examina- tion, survey, and review studies for the purpose of determining the advisability of recommending projects for construction which are economically feasible with specific water basins. The rapidly developing economy of the Nation requires that the Federal Government keep its program of authorized public works coordi- nated with current and prospective needs for rivers and harbors improvements and flood control and related purposes. The scope and extent of the navigation, flood-control, and water resources problems involved affect national and local economy and security. During fiscal year 1956, work under this activity included the submittal bf negative letter reports for two navigation studies: Sacramento, Calif., Harbor; and Sacramento River and tribu- taries, Calif. (Debris Control) -Bear River. In addition, flood- control studies were continued on the Jordan River Basin, Utah, interim report and on the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta survey review report. Flood-control studies were resumed on the Mokelumne River, Calif., survey review report and were initiated for the following areas in California: Merced River, survey re- view; Bear Creek (San Joaquin County), survey review; Sacra- mento River Flood-Control Project, bank-protection and mainte- nance of the channel, survey review; and Walnut Creek, pre- liminary examination and survey. Total costs during fiscal year 1956 were $104,687, of which $682 was for the navigation studies and $104,005 for the flood- control studies. Additional funds in the amount of $359,199 can be profitably ex- pended in fiscal year 1957. These funds would be utilized to ex- pedite the preparation of investigational flood-control reports as follows: California-Bear Creek (San Joaquin County) ; Merced River; Mokelumne and Cosumnes Rivers; Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta; and Sacramento River Flood-Control Project, bank- 1672 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 protection and maintenance of channel; California and Nevada- Carson River; Truckee River; and Walker River; Nev.-Gleason Creek; and Utah- Jordan River Basin, interim. Most of the above areas incurred heavy damages during the December 1955- January 1956 floods in California and Nevada. The additional sum of $222,700 for examinations and surveys can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1958 for preparation of examination and survey reports. 24. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Hydrologic studies conducted under this activity are essential basic activities pertaining to navigation, flood control, and related programs, which are essential to the proper evaluation of water resources of river basins. These studies provide a background of information and experience which is subsequently utilized in the design, construction, and operation of water-control struc- tures; the studies are not properly chargeable to authorized proj- ects or reports. Civil-works investigations designed to assist in the solution of unsolved or incompletely solved problems associated with design, construction and operation, and maintenance of civil-works proj- ects. These investigations are engineering problems which are encountered over a wide segment of the area of the civil functions performed by the Corps of Engineers. The solutions are dissemi- nated to permit optimum utilization of the results throughout the Corps of Engineers. Miscellaneous hydrologic studies in connection with the collec- tion and study of basic data were conducted to the extent permitted by the very limited funds available for fiscal year 1956. Stream- flow data and recording rain gage data were obtained from the operations of general coverage stations in the noncooperative Corps of Engineers streamgaging program and independent general coverage rain gages operated by Sacramento District which could not be assigned to authorized project or examination and survey investigations. Analysis of flood potential on all principal streams of the Sacramento District was accomplished from current runoff, snow cover, and soil-moisture data. Aerial reconnaissance surveys were conducted of the snow fields in the Cascade-Sierra Nevada area for progress of snow-melt runoff. In addition, a flood reporting network was maintained throughout the district in cooperation with United States Forest Service, United States Weather Bureau, United States Geological Survey, State of California, and local interests. The above studies pro- vided for partial assembly and analysis of basic data covering the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basins and for use in develop- ing and reviewing the regulations for Shasta and Friant Reser- voirs, operated by the Bureau of Reclamation. The development of these operating regulations, in accordance with section 7 of the 1944 Flood Control Act are further reported upon under improve- ment No. 22, "Scheduling of flood control operations." GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DIST. 1673 Total costs during fiscal year 1956 were $9,953 of which $3,511 was for miscellaneous hydrologic studies and $6,442 for the civil- works investigation of flood-volume studies on the West Coast. Additional funds in the amount of $37,500 could be profitably utilized for these activities during fiscal year 1957. Of this amount, $22,500 would be applied to miscellaneous studies pertain- ing to collection and study of data consisting of streamflow and recording rain gage data, storm studies, sedimentation studies, general economic studies, general hydrologic studies, and coordi- nation with State and other Federal Agencies. $15,000 would be applied to the continuation of the civil works investigation per- taining to the determinations of flood-volume frequencies on streams in the Pacific-slope areas of California, Oregon, and Wash- ington. The additional sum of $29,000 can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1958. Of this amount, $19,000 would be utilized for the miscellaneous studies cited and $10,000 for the continuation of the civil-works investigation of the flood-volume studies in the Pacific-slope areas of California, Oregon, and Washington. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT The territorial limits of the Portland, Oreg. District include the southerly portion of the State of Washington which lies within the watershed of Columbia River and tributaries downstream from a point between the Klickitat River and Rock Creek; that portion of the State of Oregon within Columbia River watershed below the John Day damsite and west of the watershed of John Day River tributaries, together with south central Oregon west of Malheur River and Steens Mountain, but not including that part which drains into Klamath Lake and River. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control Page 1. The Dalles Dam, Columbia Page River, Wash. and Oreg-_ _ 1676 24. Willamette River Basin, Port- 2. The Dalles-Celilo Canal, Oreg. land, Oreg. District ...... 1722 and Wash-------------- 1678 25. Amazon Creek, Oreg. -.---. 1725 3. Columbia River at Bonneville, 26. Hills Creek Reservoir, Willa- Oreg----------------- 1680 mette River Basin, Oreg_._ 1726 4. Restoration of Indian Fishing 27. Lookout Point Reservoir, Grounds, Bonneville, Oreg_ 1684 (Meridian Site) Willamette 5. Columbia River between Van- River Basin, Oreg-... 1727 couver, Wash. and The Dal- 28. Cottage Grove Reservoir, Wil- ----------------_1685 les, Oreg_ lamette River Basin, Oreg_ 1731 6. Willamette River above Port- 29. Dorena Reservoir, Willamette land and Yamhill River, Oreg------------------1688 River Basin, Oreg_ ---- 1732 30. Fern Ridge Reservoir, Willa- 7. Willamette River at Willa- mette River Basin, Oreg___ 1734 mette Falls, Oreg------- 1691 31. Cougar Reservoir, Willamette 8. Columbia and Lower Willa- River Basin, Oreg._- 1735 mette Rivers below Van- 32. Green Peter Reservoir, Oreg _ 1737 couver, Wash., and Portland, 33. Detroit Reservoir, Willamette Oreg------------------.. 1693 River Basin, Oreg__ .__ 1738 9. Lake River, Wash ---------- 1698 34. Johnson Creek at Portland and 10. Cowlitz River, Wash ..-------- 1699 Vitinity, Oreg_ ___ 1741 11. Columbia River at Baker Bay, 35. Willamette River Basin, Oreg. Wash------------------ 12. Columbia River at the mouth, 1700 (Bank Protection) -------- 36. Castle Rock, Cowlitz River, 1743 Oregon and Washington . -- 1702 Wash- 37. Local flood protection projects, 1744 13. Tillamook Bay and Bar, Oreg_ 1703 14. Depoe Bay, Oreg------ 1705 Columbia River Basin, Oreg. 15. Yaquina River, Oreg -------- 1707 and Wash- 1745 16. Yaquina Bay and Harbor, 38. Other authorized flood-control Oreg------------------ 1708 projects- _- 1747 17. Smith River, Oreg----------1710 39. Inspection of completed flood- 18. Siuslaw River, Oreg------ 1711 control works-_ 1748 19. Umpqua River, Oreg -------- 1713 40. Flood-control work under spe- cial authorization ......... 1749 20. Coos Bay, Oreg--- _ -_-- _ 1716 21. -------- Coquille River, Oreg 1719 22. Navigation projects on which General Investigations reconnaissance and condi- tion surveys only were con- 41. Examinations and surveys .- 1751 ducted during the fiscal 42. Collection and study of basic ------------------- year_ 1721 data, and research and de- 23. Other authorized navigation velopment studies--------- 1751 projects________________ 1721 1675 1676 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1. THE DALLES DAM, COLUMBIA RIVER, WASH. AND OREG. Location. The site of this project is on Columbia River at the head of the pool behind Bonneville Dam, approximately 192.5 miles above the mouth of the river and 90 miles east of Portland, Oreg. Existing project. This project provides for a dam, powerplant, navigation lock and appurtenant facilities. The improvement will provide for navigation and hydroelectric power generation. The dam is designed for a normal pool at elevation 160 mean sea level. The normal pool will create a reservoir extending up- stream about 31 miles, providing slackwater to the John Day Dam site. The total length of The Dalles Dam will be approxi- mately 8,700 feet and will consist of a rock, gravel, and sand closure section from the Oregon shore connecting to the power- house, then concrete nonoverflow sections connecting the spillway with the powerhouse and the spillway with the navigation lock located at the right abutment on the Washington shore. Fish passing facilities including two ladders will be provided. The 2,150-foot powerhouse will be constructed for 14 units which are to be installed initially and substructure will be constructed for 8 additional units, an ultimate total of 22 units. The rated capacity of each unit is to be 78,000 kilowatts and the initial installation is to be 1,092,000 kilowatts. The spillway dam will be 1,380 feet long and located near the right abutment. The overflow crest at elevation 121 mean sea level will be surmounted with 23 radial gates 50 feet wide by 43 feet high which will provide capacity to pass a spillway design flood of 2,290,000 cubic feet per second. The deck will be at elevation 185.0 mean sea level and will provide a service road and track for two gantry cranes. The navigation lock will have clear plan dimensions of 86 feet by 675 feet and a single lift of about 87.5 feet with minimum depth over the sill 15 feet and normally 20 feet. The lock will include upstream and downstream guard and guidewalls to protect boats and tows from adverse currents. The structures will be founded on Columbia River basalt. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $260,000,000 of which $55,143,000 is for lands and damages in- cluding relocations, and $204,857,000 for construction. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor and Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, House Document No. 531, 81st Congress, 2d session. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of The Dalles Dam under seven continuing prime contracts providing for the spillway dam, the navigation lock, nonoverflow structures, fish passing facilities, the powerhouse substructure and super- structure, the closure dam and appurtenant work, and the installa- tion of mechanical and electrical equipment in the powerhouse, progressed satisfactorily. On January 12, 1956, the powerhouse substructure, main units 1-14, (phase I), was completed and accepted. Phase III, which includes construction of powerhouse substructure main units 15-22, and east nonoverflow dam, was completed and accepted June 29, 1956. The spillway dam was completed in April 1956. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1677 Under the phase II contract which includes the powerhouse superstructure, Units 1-14, work progressed considerably ahead of schedule. Trashracks were installed, intake gates assembled, and installation of turbine embedded parts in main units Nos. 5 through 8 was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Concrete placing continued in the west nonoverflow dam and main units. Work under the installation contract was initiated with elec- trical work in progress for the fishwater supply and station serv- ice units and installation of parts for fishwater turbine No. 1, underway. Concreting operations in the navigation lock continued during the year with assembly of post derricks, tainter valves, and miter gates, also in progress. Construction under the closure dam contract was initiated October 1955. Placing of the closure rock and railroad spur and overpass work was in progress June 30, 1956. On the Oregon shore grading and tracklaying for approximately 23 miles of Union Pacific Railroad relocation were nearing com- pletion. A portion of the relocated line has been placed in opera- tion. Grading and installation of 14 miles of relocated track for the Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway progressed on schedule with all grading completed, ties and track placed, and placing of ballast underway. Fabrication of turbines, generators, and powerhouse equipment, was continued under various contracts, with no serious delays in meeting scheduled completion dates foreseen. Miscellaneous other work in progress at the end of the year consisted of construction of a navigation guide wall at Oregon Trunk Railway bridge, reservoir clearing, construction of grade slope protection facilities on Union Pacific Railroad embankment, drilling of powerhouse water supply well No. 1, and foundation grouting. Total costs for the fiscal year were $51,228,743.18. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated February 1952 is 58.6 percent complete, as a whole. The spillway dam as well as the powerhouse substructure and east nonoverflow dam are complete. The powerhouse super- structure is 71 percent complete and is scheduled to be 100 percent complete July 1958. Work on the navigation lock facilities has progressed to 83 percent completion and the lock is scheduled to be opened to navigation by April 1, 1957. Railroad relocation work is nearing completion. Construction of the closure dam and appurtenant work is 17 percent complete, with contract completion date of August 1957. Main generator units Nos. 1 and 2 are scheduled to be placed on the line November 1957. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $152,661,062. 1678 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1955 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ........ $4,000,000$19,876,000$32,000,000$36, 000,000 $63,500,000 $156,176,000 Cost ..........--- 2,993,596 12,696,907 21,890,701 63,308,907 51,228,743 152,661,062 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .--.. $92, 822 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _--________________ - 42, 457, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ _ _ ________ 42, 549, 822 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ _ 61, 367, 000 2. THE DALLES-CELILO CANAL, OREG. AND WASH. Location. This improvement embraces about 12 miles of the Columbia River between The Dalles and Celilo, Oreg. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Oregon.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894. For further details see page 1993 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1842 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for open river improvement from the foot of Threemile Rapids to the foot of the Dalles (Five- mile) Rapids, and a continuous canal on the Oregon shore from the foot of The Dalles (Fivemile) Rapids to the head of Celilo Falls, the canal to have a depth of 8 feet, width of 65 feet at the bottom, and length of 81/2 miles, with 4 locks, as follows: Detailed information of locks Dimensions Lift I Avail- Miles Great-I able from est depth When lower Lock Foundation length Clear Low High on com- Cost en- avail- width water water lower pleted trance able (feet) (feet) (feet) sill for full (feet) width (feet) 0 Big Eddy lock _.. Rock........._ 265 45 44.7 18 9.2 1941 $477,600 1.6 Fivemile lock- ......... ....... do-------- 285 45 10.1 15 8.7 1915 246,700 5.2 Tenmile lock 2.........do ........ 265 50 -- 6 7.8 1915 149,600 8.1 Celilo lock 2-_ _-- --__-do ....... 265 45 -.. 6 7.9 1915 103,200 1 Originallyconstructed tandem locks converted to single lift lock in 1941. = Not used at low water. There are no dams in the canal. The lower end of the canal is about 4 miles and the lower end of the Threemile Rapids about 11/2 miles above The Dalles, Oreg. The normal pool level at the lower end of the canal has an eleva- tion of 72.5 feet above mean sea level and the highest flood 114.2 feet above mean sea level. At the upper end of the canal the RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1679 normal freshets are about 18 feet and the maximum rise 33 feet. The canal was designed to operate to a stage of 18 feet at the upper pool and is then "drowned out" until the river recedes to a stage of 18 feet. The actual cost for new work was $4,669,092.23, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The estimate of annual cost of operation and care, made in 1956 is $120,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905 (Annual Report, 1904, p. 3475). Operation and care of the canal were included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. For latest published map see Annual Report for 1915, page 3380. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operation and results during fiscal year. The canal and locks were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year except for the period from noon October 3 to noon October 6, 1955, and from midnight April 26 to midnight April 27, 1956, when the locks and canal were closed for inspection, cleaning and repair. From May 25 to June 18, 1956, the canal was "drowned out" by high waters of the Columbia River freshet. The costs of maintenance (operation and care) were as follows: Operation and ordinary maintenance_ $107, 900.19 Rehabilitation and repair _ 5, 994. 93 Total costs for the fiscal year________________________ $113,895.12 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was completed in 1919. The originally constructed tandem locks at Big Eddy were converted into a single-lift lock in 1941. The dimensions of the locks and canal are inadequate for the present day traffic. However, the pool behind The Dalles Dam, a multiple-purpose project now under construction, will, when created, inundate the existing facilities of the Dalles-Celilo Canal and provide adequate navigation facilities. The Dalles Dam navigation lock is scheduled to be placed in operation by April 1, 1957. Total costs under the existing project have been $6,948,235, of which $4,669,092 was for new work, $5,445 for maintenance, and $2,273,698 for operation and care. In addition, the sum of $525,267 was expended between May 5, 1915, and June 30, 1935, on operation and care of the project, under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. 1680 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------........ --------------------------------------------------- $4,716,205 Cost---------- -------------------------------------------------------- 4,716,205 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $120,000 $97,000 $110,000 $70,276 $120,000 2,809,148 Cost ----------------........ 140,126 110,693 95,708 85,559 113,895 2,804,410 ' Includes $47,113 for new work for previous project. 3. COLUMBIA RIVER AT BONNEVILLE, OREG. Location. This project is located on Columbia River, 42 miles east of Portland, Oreg., about 144 miles above the mouth of the river. For description of Columbia River see page 1702. Existing project. This project provides for a dam, powerplant, and lock, for power and navigation. The spillway dam extends across the main channel from the Washington shore to Bradford Island, which divides the river at this point. The overflow crest at 24 feet above mean sea level is surmounted by 18 vertical-lift steel gates placed between piers which extend to elevation 99 feet where a service roadway permits the operation of two 350-ton gantry cranes for regulating the gates. The powerhouse extend- ing across Bradford Slough to the Oregon shore has an installa- tion of 10 units, consisting of 2 units of 43,200 kilowatts each and 8 units of 54,000 kilowatts each, totaling 518,400 kilowatts. The ordinary and extreme fluctuations of the river at the lower lock gate are about 21 and 47 feet, respectively. The project includes fish ladders and locks- to serve both the main channel and the Bradford Slough chanel. The lock and powerhouse are founded on andesite, and the main dam rests upon solidified sedimentary rock of volcanic origin. The pool created by the dam provides a navigable channel with a depth of 30 feet and over between Bonneville and Big Eddy, a distance of 47 miles. The principal data concerning the ship lock and spillway dam are shown in the following table: Ship lock Dimensions: Clear width of chamber------------- 76 feet. Greatest length available for full width__ 500 feet. Lift (vertical) : At extreme low water and normal pool level -- ------ 66 feet. At normal river stage-------------59 feet. At extreme high water_ -- -- About 30 feet. Depth over miter sills at adopted low water - 24.2 feet. Character of foundation - Andesite. Opened to navigation__ January 1938. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1681 Spillway dam Type of construction ---- Concrete, gravity. Completed 1938. Capacity 1,600,000 cubic feet per second. Elevation of gate sills on crest of spillway_ __ 23.3 feet. Height above lowest foundation __-_ About 170 feet. Length of dam proper______________ _-_ 1,090 feet. Length of dam overall 1,230 feet. Width at base_ 200 feet. Gate openings - 18. Crest overflow (above mean sea level) ...... 24 feet. Pool elevation (normal) (above mean sea level) 72 feet. Powerplant Length -------------------------------- 1,027 feet. Width _ 190 feet. Height (roof to bedrock)------------------190 feet. Generator (station unit) Generators _ ___________._____- ________1 4,000-kw. 0.8 power factor 2 43,200-kw. 0.9 power factor. 8 54,000-kw. 0.9 power factor. Total rated capacity_ 518,400-kw. 0.9 power factor. Speed --------------------------------- 75 revolutions per minute. The actual cost of the dam, navigation lock, 10-power unit generating installation, fishways, and attendant buildings and grounds is $83,210,608, of which $6,072,480 is for navigation fa- cilities, $39,322,037 is for power facilities, and $37,816,091 is for joint facilities, consisting of dam, fishways, buildings, and grounds, and the headwall section of power units 0 to 6, cost of which ($2,106,000) is allocated to dam and reservoir facilities. The estimated annual cost approved in 1953 of operation and maintenance exclusive of improvements, reconstruction, or con- tingencies, is $1,215,000. Of this amount $55,000 is for naviga- tion, $560,000 for power and $600,000 for joint facilities. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents The existing project was originally authorized Sept. 30, 1933, by the Federal Emergency Administra- tion of Public Works. Aug. 30, 1935 Existing project authorized by Congress- .-.......... Senate committee print, 73d Cong., 2d sess. (report of Chief of Engi- neers, dated Aug. 21, 1938). Aug. 30, 1937 This act authorized the completion, maintenance, (Pub. 329, and operation of the Bonneville project under the 75th Cong.) direction of the Secretary of War and the super- vision of the Chief of Engineers, subject to certain provisions contained therein relating to the powers and duties of the Bonneville Power Administrator. Operations during fiscal year. The project was in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year, with ordinary maintenance and repair accomplished as required. The navigation lock was in continuous operation except from 8:00 a. m. October 3 through 6:00 p. m. October 6, 1955, when annual maintenance was accomplished. 1682 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Construction of experimental fish facilities initiated in fiscal year 1955, was completed September 1955. The installation of miscellaneous fencing and gates for project security was accom- plished. A 20-ton mobile crane was acquired for project use. At the end of the year construction of a foundation and base- ment for a sand-blasting building was essentially complete, and bids opened for furnishing of parts and materials for the building superstructure. A total of 559,352 persons visited the project during the fiscal year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $1,221,116.64. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project, initiated October 1933, Was completed February 19, 1953. The navigation lock was placed in operation January 1938. The first two power units were placed in operation during fiscal year 1938. The powerhouse with the complete installation of 10 units, was in operation in December 1943. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $99,521,981, of which $83,210,608 has been for new work ($39,322,037 for power fa- cilities and $43,888,571 for features other than power) and $16,311,373 for operation and care. The costs of new work in- clude $32,440,700 Emergency Relief Administration funds. Power production and revenues. Electrical power energy generated excepting that portion required for the operation of the project, is delivered to the transmission lines of the Bonneville Power Administration for disposition in accordance with the terms of the Bonneville Act. During the fiscal year 1956, a total of 4,302,937,000 kilowatt hours was so delivered and 17,824,000 kilowatt hours used for operation of the project, a total of 4,320,761,000 generated. Total generated by years, in thousands of kilowatt hours, from 1939 through 1956 is as follows: Delivered to Fiscal year Total generation Bonneville Power Administration 1939---------------------------------------------------- 39,750 34,874 1940---------------------------------------------------- 218,063 208,426 1941---------------------------------------------------- 907,729 894,177 1942-------------------------------------------------- 1,826,048 1,807,309 1943....-------------------------------------------------- 2,815,954 2,801,480 1944-------------------------------------------------- 3,502,610 3,488,874 1945..-------------------------------------------------- 3,405,231 3,391,128 1946-------------------------------------------------- 2,691,503 2,674,834 1947-------------------------------------------------- 3,711,155 3,695,255 1948-------------------------------------------------- 4,008,064 3,991,860 1949....-------------------------------------------------- 3,885,101 3,868,558 1950....-------------------------------------------------- 3,708,564 3,689,309 1951-------------------------------------------------- 3,811,032 3,793,276 1952....-------------------------------------------------- 4,480,174 4,462,935 1953_------------------------- 4,242,522 4,227,463 1954-------------------------------------------------- 4,422,592 4,406,265 1955-------------------------------------------------- 4,354,899 4,336,366 1956-------------------------------------------------- 4,320,761 4,302,937 Receipts from power sales by the Bonneville Power Administra- tion are deposited in the United States Treasury as required by law, but allocated to the project in accordance with memorandum- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1683 of-understanding with Bonneville Power Administration. Amounts so allocated are independent of the amount of power generated and delivered and are designed to cover (1) operation and maintenance expense applicable to power operations, (2) interest at the rate of 2.5 percent per annum on that portion of Government expenditures allocated to power, and (3) scheduled repayment of construction cost, including replacements, allocated to power, over a 50-year period beginning July 1, 1944. During the fiscal year 1956 the amount of $3,400,000 was so deposited and $126.95 returned to United States Treasury by Corps of Engineers of which sum the amount of $797,699.98 was for repayment of project operating expenses applicable to power, $925,823.54 for repayment of interest expense applicable to power, and $1,676,603.43 for amortization of construction costs, including replacements applicable to power. As of June 30, 1956, the sum of $55,632,461.51 has been deposited in the United States Treasury to the credit of the project, of which $11,015,905.51 was for re- payment of operating expenses applicable to power, $19,915,979.86 for interest expense applicable to power and $24,700,576.14 for amortization (including replacements) of construction costs ap- plicable to power. Of a total of $99,521,981 expended to date on the project for construction, operation and maintenance, and re- placements, the amount of $68,493,770.91 or 69 percent, has been for direct and allocated portions of power features. Summary of governmental investments and expenses for power purposes as of June 30, 1956, and repayments thereon are tabu- lated below: INVESTMENT OF THE UNITED STATES Capital Investment Including Indian Fishing Grounds Total plant in service--------------_ $59, 857, 989.33 Plus; Construction work in progress..---. 16, 895. 10 Total construction cost (including interest during construction_ ____________________ $59,874, 884.43 Less: Value of plant retired______________ 233, 425. 85 Total cost, fixed plant in Service________. $59, 641, 458. 58 Plus: cost of plant in process of retirement__ 234. 71 Plus: Net retirements charge to provide for depreciation and amortization 240, 565. 68 Total cost, fixed plant_____ 59, 882, 258. 97 Other assets and deferred charge __ 24, 277. 75 Total capital investment_________________________ 59, 906, 536.72 Expense Operation and maintenance (excluding depreciation) 11, 015, 905. 51 Interest --------------- 9, 915, 979. 86 Total Expense _________________________________ 30, 931, 885. 37 Gross investment to United States- 90, 838, 422.09 1684 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Repayments Total Expenses (currently repaid)-------- 30, 931, 885. 37 Amortization of capital Investment 1______ 24, 460, 010. 46 Plus: Net retirements charge to provide for amortization ---------------------- 240, 565. 68 Total repayments (deposits to U.S. Treasury)----- 55, 632, 461.51 Net remaining capital investment to be repaid------------ 35, 205, 960. 58 $90, 838, 422.09 1 Represents 41 percent of total capital investment though only 12 years, or 24 percent, of scheduled payment period has elapsed. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------- -$72,000 -$976-----------$83,210,608 Cost--------------- $186,663 18,043 1-175,000 ----------------------- - 83,210,608 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 1,110,000 1,192,000 1,676,183 $1,618, 278 $1,234,200 16, 345,189 Cost . 1,255,367 1,149,541 1,539,286 1,961,070 1,221,116 ...--------------- 16,311,373 1Represents offsetforderrick barge Cascade received from military surplus without expenditure, which is now distributed to cost. 4. RESTORATION OF INDIAN FISHING GROUNDS, BONNEVILLE, OREG. Location. Columbia River between Bonneville and The Dalles, Oreg. and Wash. Existing project. The Secretary of War was authorized, under such terms and conditions as he may deem advisable, to acquire lands and provide facilities in the States of Oregon and Washing- ton to replace Indian fishing grounds submerged or destroyed as a result of the construction of Bonneville Dam: Provided, That not to exceed $185,000 may be expended for this purpose from funds heretofore or hereafter appropriated for maintendnce and improvement of existing river and harbor works: Provided further, That such lands and facilities shall be transferred to the Secretary of the Interior for the use and benefit of the Indians, and shall be subject to the same conditions, safeguards, and protections as the treaty fishing grounds submerged or de- stroyed. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, as amended by Public Law No. 62, 84th Congress, dated June 8, 1955. Operation and results during fiscal year. Construction of a camp site at Wind River, Wash., was completed August 1955. No bids were received in June 1956 for similar work at the "Alternate Little White Salmon" site in Washington. The work was readvertised and bid opening scheduled for July 1956. Negotiations were in progress with four Indian tribes in con- nection with proposed camp site construction at Cascade locks and Klickitat sites. Total costs for the fiscal year were $14,607.88. RIVERS AND HARBORS-~PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1685 Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 24 percent com- plete. Camp sites for Indian Fishing grounds have been con- structed at Underwood and Wind River, Wash., and at Lone Pine site in vicinity of The Dalles, Oreg. Improvements proposed at two additional locations, Cascade locks and Klickitat, are pending consummation of agreements with four Indian tribes. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $45,183. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: .... Appropriated--------........... .- $10,512 $135,000 $185,000 Cost-................ $8,360 $10,477 $1,063 1,926 14,608 45,183 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -_-_-_ $137, 417 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957______ ______----------------------- 137, 417 5. COLUMBIA RIVER BETWEEN VANCOUVER, WASH. AND THE DALLES, OREG. Location. On Columbia River, between the Interstate Bridge at Vancouver, Wash., 106.5 miles above the mouth and The Dalles, Oreg., mile 191, a distance of 84.5 miles. For description of Columbia River, see page 1702. Existing project. This provides for a channel 27 feet deep at low water and 300 feet wide between Vancouver, Wash., and The Dalles, Oreg., 85 miles; a channel 10 feet deep at low water and 300 feet wide at the upstream entrance to Oregon Slough, Oreg.; a suitable turning basin adjacent to the site of port de- velopment in the vicinity of Camas and Washougal, Wash.; a boat basin at Hood River, Oreg., 500 by 1,300 feet and 10 feet deep at normal Bonneville pool level, with a connecting channel of the same depth to deepwater, and a protecting breakwater on the easterly side; a barge channel to the waterfront at Bingen, Wash., 10 feet deep at normal Bonneville pool level, 200 feet wide and approximately 1 mile long, and for an access channel 7 feet deep at normal Bonneville pool level, 100 feet wide and ap- proximately 1,000 feet long, to a natural mooring basin for small boats near the east end of the channel; and for the construction of The Dalles Harbor, Oreg., to provide a breakwater and shear boom protected basin approximately 400 feet by 800 feet in size with depth of 8 feet below a pool elevation of 72.5 feet at mean sea level. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at Vancouver is about 21/2 feet and at Bonne- ville about 0.2 foot at low stages of the river. Extreme tidal ranges are about 3 feet and 0.4 foot, respectively. Annual freshets average about 21 feet at Vancouver, while the highest known stage reached 33 feet above low water. 1686 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The estimate of cost of new work (1956) is $6,820,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate of annual cost of mainte- nance is $480,000. Non-Federal costs amount to $397,500. The existing project was authorized under the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Construction of a channel 27 feet deep by 300 feet House Committee Doe. 94, 74th from Vancouver, Wash., to Bonneville, Oreg. Cong., 2d sess.' Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of Camas Washougal turning basin .... H. Doe. 218, 76th Cong., 1st sess. July 24, 1946 Construction of a channel 27 feet deep by 300 feet H. Doc. 704, 79th Cong., 2d sess. wide from Bonneville, Oreg., to The Dalles, Oreg. Do....... Construction of a channel 10 feet deep and 300 feet Do. wide at the upper entrance to Oregon Slough, Oreg. Do....... Construction of a boat basin at Hood River, Oreg., Do. 10 feet deep, 500 feet wide, by 1,300 feet long. Do....... Construction of a barge channel at Bingen, Wash., Do. 10 feet deep, 200 feet wide, by 1 mile long, and an access channel 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, by 1,000 feet long to natural mooring basin. Do....... Construction of The Dalles Harbor 8 feet deep, 400 S. Doc. 89, 79th Cong.' feet wide by 800 feet long. Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, provides in connection with the Camas-Washougal turning basin that local interests furnish assurances that they will con- struct a suitable freight terminal, open to all on equal terms, and bear additional cost of disposing of dredged material behind bulkheads provided by them; and provides that no dredging will be performed by the United States within 50 feet of the proposed dock. The act of July 24, 1946, provides that for improvements at Hood River, Oreg., and at Bingen, Wash., local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary rights-of-way, agree to maintain depths in the basins, and to construct, operate, and maintain necessary mooring facilities and public wharf available to all on equal terms. For The Dalles, the act of July 24, 1946, pro- vides that local interests (1) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way required for new Work, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for new work, and for sub- sequent maintenance when and as required, (2) provide necessary bulkheads, and (3) agree to construct, maintain, and operate with- in the basin suitable moorages and a public landing with adequate supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. Assurances of local cooperation for The Dalles Harbor were approved by the Secre- tary of the Army October 5, 1948. Terminal facilities. At Vancouver, Wash., immediately up- stream from the highway bridge, are a private sand and gravel wharf, a United States Coast Guard dock, a private towboat moorage equipped with marine railway, and facilities for transfer of bulk petroleum from river barges. (For further details con- cerning facilities at Vancouver see Port Series No. 33, Corps of Engineers, published in 1953.) At North Portland, Oreg., on the south bank of the river, about 1.7 miles upstream from the highway bridge, is a recently com- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1687 pleted wharf with a 110-ton crane used for transfer of cargo from truck to water. At Camas, Wash., about 13.5 miles upstream from Vancouver, are located a private wharf used for transfer of paper mill supplies and paper to and from barges, and also facilities for discharging bulk oils from barges. The port of Camas- Washbugal has a wharf 528 feet in length at Washougal, Wash., which will be available for oceangoing vessels when a suitable channel is provided. At the port of The Dalles (mile 44 above Bonneville) there is a municipal wharf 125 by 1,100 feet for use by both ocean vessels and river boats. There are two 1-story timber and corrugated- iron warehouses, each 94 by 461 feet, on this wharf with rail connections. There is also a municipal oil terminal consisting of a concrete and timber wharf 27 by 193 feet, located about a mile below the main wharf. There are private storage tanks with a total capacity of 2,300,000 gallons located near this ter- minal for handling petroleum products. Storage tanks have rail, truck, and water connections. A private elevator with a capacity of 40,000 bushels and a public elevator of 868,000-bushel capacity for handling bulk grain to river craft are also located at The Dalles. The public elevator has rail, truck, and water connec- tions. There is a privately owned rail connection about three- fourths mile below the municipal wharf where certain types of cargo may be handled between railroad cars and river boats or barges by means of a derrick of up to 22-ton capacity. At numerous locations over the entire waterway are log rollways for transfer of logs to water from trucks. The existing facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The repair of exist- ing pile dikes and construction of dolphins were in progress until operations were halted by high waters. Work will, be resumed when the Columbia River freshet subsides. A total of 472,572 cubic yards of material were removed from the navigation channel by Government plant at a cost of $97,900. Hydrographic surveys were made at a cost of $12,648.22. Total costs for the fiscal year were $110,548.22. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 45 per- cent complete. Dredging of the main channel between Vancouver and Bonneville was completed to project dimensions of 27 feet deep and 300 feet wide in 1949. Some 'work, consisting of the improvement of the lower entrance to Bonneville canal, remains to be accomplished. This channel, at the present time, is used principally for barge transportation and log towing and is main- tained to a depth of 15 feet which is adequate for existing traffic. Depths of 20 feet or more are available between Bonneville and The Dalles. Construction of The Dalles Harbor was completed in 1949. No construction work has been done on the 27-foot channel between Bonneville and The Dalles, the channel at the upper entrance to Oregon Slough, the Camas-Washougal turning basin, the Hood River boat basin, or the Bingen channels. 1688 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Total costs have been $3,875,820, of which $3,074,513 was for new work and $801,307 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------- ------------ $3,074,513 ------------------------ Cost...................------------------------------------------ 3,074,513 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ ------ $48,013 $55,200 $8,300 $106,100 $115,000 807,016 Cost----------------- 48,013 54,462 7,543 106,337 110,548 801,307 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___---------- $3,745,487 6. WILLAMETTE RIVER ABOVE PORTLAND AND YAMHILL RIVER, OREG. Location. The Willamette River rises in the Cascade Range in southwestern Oregon, flows northerly, and empties into the Columbia River about 100 miles from the sea. It length from the source of the Middle Fork is about 294 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6155 and the U. S. Geologi- cal Survey map, State of Oregon.) The Yamhill River rises in the coast range, flows easterly, and empties into the Willamette River about 42 miles above Portland. Its length from the source of the South Fork is about 52 miles. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1871, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1997 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1754 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for improvement of Willam- ette River between Portland (14 miles above the mouth) and Oregon City (mile 26) by a channel 8 feet deep at low water, 200 feet wide below Cedar Island and 150 feet wide thence to Oregon City; for such channel improvement and contraction works as may be necessary to secure with streamflow regulation, controlling depths of 6 feet at low water and of no prescribed width, from Oregon City to the mouth of Santiam River (mile 108.5), 5 feet from that point to Albany (mile 120), 2.5 to 3.5 feet deep from Albany to Corvallis (mile 132), and for a channel 2.0 to 2.5 feet deep from Corvallis to Eugene (mile 185) ; and for necessary snagging between Corvallis and Harrisburg (mile 163). The project also provides for a channel in Yamhill River 4 feet deep at low water and 60 feet wide from its mouth to McMinnville (18 miles) secured by means of a lock and dam near Lafayette and by the removal of obstructions. The section of Willamette River in the vicinity of Willamette Falls at Oregon City is covered by the project described on page 1691 of this report. The following table shows the principal features of the lock and dam in Yamhill River: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1689 Location miles below Lafayette, 1-------------------------------1/2 Oreg., 8 miles about the mouth. Usable lock dimensions_____________________ 1 lock, 175 by 38 feet. Lift of lock ___________________________16 feet. Depth on sills at low water___________ ____ 4 feet on upper sill; 2 feet on lower sill. Character of foundation Kind of ------------------ Timber piling in clay. of dam_________________ Kind dam ------------------------ --- Fixed. Fxd Type of construction___ Timber crib. Date of completion________________________ Sept. 21, 1900. Cost ---------------------------------- _ $72, 164. 83. For the Willamette River below the falls at Oregon City ordinary fluctuation of stage of water is 15 feet and the extreme fluctuation due to flood conditions 35 to 50 feet. Above Oregon City the ordinary fluctuation is 12 to 20 feet and the extreme is 20 to 27 feet. For the Yamhill River the ordinary fluctuation is 35 feet and the extreme 48 feet. Tidal changes vary from about 21/2 feet at the mouth of the Willamette to zero, 26 miles above the mouth. The approved estimate (1956) of cost for new work is $2,685,000. The latest 1955 approved estimate of annual cost of mainte- nance is $450,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 Improvement of Willamette River above Oregon H. Doc. 260, 54th Cong., 1st sess. City. (Annual Report, 1896, p. 3300). Do-......Improvement of Yamhill River by lock and dam Annual Report, 1895, p. 3602. construction. Project modified in 1904 by abandoning the 20-mile Annual Report, 1904, p. 3529. stretch of the river between Harrisburg and Engene as unworthy of improvement. July 25, 1912 For a 6-foot channel in the Willamette River below H. Doc. 438, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Oregon City. July 3, 1930 For the 8-foot channel between Portland and Oregon H. Doc. 372, 71st Cong., 2d sess. City. (contains latest published map). June 26, 19342 Operating and care of the lock and dam at Yamhill River and provided for with funds from War De- partment appropriations for rivers and harbors. June 28, 19381 Stream flow regulation with controlling depths of 6 H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess. feet to the mouth of Santium River and 5 feet to Albany with enlargement of locks at Oregon City. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Flood Control Act. Terminal facilities. Between Portland and Willamette Falls the terminal facilities consist of privately owned mill wharves, sand and gravel wharves, and oil-receiving stations. Above the falls there are privately owned landings including a facility at pulp siding (3 miles above the falls) with rail and water connec- tions for shipment of clay and receipt of paper mill products, by barge. About 5 miles downstream from Albany there is a tank farm of 1,367,100-gallon capacity with truck and water connec- tion which receives petroleum by barge from Portland. At numerous locations over the entire waterway there are log rollways with water and rail or truck connections to facilitate 1690 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the movement of logs to mills in the lower Columbia and Willam- ette Rivers. These facilities are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing above Oregon City was in progress with 71,235 cubic yards of material removed during May and June 1956. Government plant and hired labor removed a total of 777,070 cubic yards of material. This dredging with removal of snags maintained sufficient depths for the requirements of navigation. Releases of stored water from Fern Ridge, Cottage Grove, Detroit, Lookout Point, and Dorena Reservoirs aided materially during low water periods in proving sufficient depths for existing traffic. For detailed information on reservoir releases see pages covering those reservoirs under "Flood-Control Projects." The various items of maintenance and their costs during the fiscal year were as follows: Government plant dredging-- ---- $300, 298. 18 Contract plant dredging 56, 497. 67 Hydrographic surveys 45, 728.77 Leveling of disposal areas_-- - -- 45, 872.84 Snagging and clearing - 950.64 Total costs for the fiscal year were $449,348.10, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is ap- proximately 41 percent complete. The 8-foot channel between Portland and Oregon City and a 2.5 to 3.5-foot channel between Oregon City and Albany were completed in 1939. The 2.5 to 3.5-foot channel between Albany and Corvallis was completed in 1945. The remaining work required to complete the project con- sists of the construction of such contraction works and channel improvements as may be necessary, with stream-flow regulation, to secure controlling depths of 6 feet at low water from Oregon City to the mouth of Santiam River, and 5 feet from that point to Albany. Controlling depths at low water are 8 feet from Portland to Oregon City, and 3.5 feet from Oregon City to Corval- lis. In Yamhill River, the controlling depth is 4 feet from the mouth to Yamhill lock. Traffic consists of towboats, log rafts, launches, and dredges. Between Oregon City and Pulp Siding (about 3 miles) and be- tween Oregon City and Portland, barges are used in the trans- portation of paper and wood-pulp products. Petroleum products are also barged between Portland and Albany. Due to lack of use by commercial traffic for which the facilities were provided, operation of Yamhill lock was discontinued Febru- ary 7, 1954. Total costs under the existing project, from Federal funds, have been $8,324,413, of which $615,170 was for new work; $7,565,115 for maintenance; and $144,128 for operation and care. In addition, the sum of $106,433 was expended between September 24, 1900, and June 30, 1935, on operation and care of the improve- ment under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropria- tions for such purposes. The additional sums of $7,500 were RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1691 expended from contributed funds for maintenance and $484,900 from Emergency Relief Administration funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ----------.................... $862,918 Cost n----------------------------------- 1862,918 '.......... Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ $358,765 $357, 000 $405,800 $361,300 $490,000 2 7,882,613 Cost---------------- 364,478 349,798 387,645 361,283 449,348 27,815,676 1 Includes $247,748 for new work for previous project. 2 In addition $484,900 was expended from Emergency Relief Administration flood-control funds for bank protection for new work and $7,500 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__ -_--------- $1, 584, 930 7. WILLAMETTE RIVER AT WILLAMETTE FALLS, OREG. Location. The locks and dam covered by this project are located at Willamette Falls, a rocky reef in the Willamette River at Oregon City, Oreg., about 26 miles above the mouth of the river. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a new single-lift main lock and a guard lock each with clear dimensions of 56 feet by 400 feet and a minimum depth over the sills of 91/2 feet, to replace the authorized existing facilities which were pro- vided for by the purchase, rehabilitation, and deepening to 6 feet at low water of the existing canal and locks and the separation of the canal from the waterpower intake by construction of a concrete division wall. The total length of the existing canal and locks is about 3,500 feet. The following table shows the principal features of the existing canal and locks at Willamette Falls: Usable lock dimensions ------- Series of 4 locks, each 175 by 37 feet. 1 Lift of each lock___________ Lock 1 (lower), 22.5 feet; 2 lock, 2, 8.7 feet; lock 3, 10.9 feet; lock 4 (upper), 8.1 feet. Depth on miter sills at low Lower lock, 8.4 feet: upper lock, 6 feet. water. Character of foundation -- Rock. Kind of dam -................. Fixed. 3 Type of construction- - Concrete. Year of completion__________ _ 1873; purchased by United States Apr. 26, 1915. Cost ----------------------- Unknown; purchase price, $375,000. 1A guard lock 210 by 40 feet, which is used only at higher stages of water, is located at the upper end of the canal basin. 2 A concrete division wall, 1,227 feet long, extending from lock 4 to the guard lock, separates the upper basin of the canal from the head race, which formerly led directly from the basin and supplied watee for the power plants operated by the Crown Willamette Paper Co. and the Portland Ry., Light & Power Co. 8 The dam is owned by private parties. The ordinary fluctuation of the stage of water above the locks is 12 feet, and the extreme, due to flood conditions, 20 feet. Below the locks the ordinary fluctuation is 15 feet and the extreme 50 feet. 1692 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The estimated cost (1956) is $10,200,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate of annual cost of operation and care is $228,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 For the purchase and rehabilitation of the system H. Doc. 202, 56th Cong., 1st sess., and the construction of the concrete division wall. and Annual Report, 1900, p. 4374. Aug. 8, 1917 Deepening of the locks------ ............ ------------------ ... H. Doc. 1060, 62d Cong., 3d sess.' June 26, 19342 Operation and care of the canal and locks provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of the New Willamette Falls lock-...... H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess. 1Contains latest published maps. 2 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The Crown Willamette Paper Co. has a timber wharf about 850 feet in length, extending to and supported by the concrete division wall built in the lock canal by the United States. This wharf is used for the receipt of mill supplies and the shipment of paper and paper products. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The canal and locks were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year, except for temporary closures occasioned by improvement and mainte- nance operations. Periods of closure were: October 24-26 and November 1-3, 1955, and May 3-4, 1956, for dredging and instal- lation of new gate No. 2. Closure due to high water occurred during the period 10:00 a. m., December 22 through 11:00 a. m., December 27, 1955. Installation of new gates and anchorages for lock No. 2 was completed. Construction of an electric overhead lighting system was accomplished during the year as well as the painting of quarters and the office building. Dredging and removal of debris from the locks, canal, and approaches were also accomplished. The cost of the various items of operation and care and im- provement and reconstruction were: Operation and ordinary maintenance $134, 729.82 Improvement and reconstruction _________________________ 42, 323. 19 Total costs for the fiscal year $177, 053.01 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing canal and locks originally constructed by private interests in 1873 were purchased by the United States in April 1915 for $375,000. The final report on the purchase and rehabilitation of the canal and locks is con- tained in the Annual Report for 1923, when the project was re- ported 98 percent complete. No further work on that phase of the existing project has been necessary. The controlling depth is 6 feet at low water on the miter sill of the upper lock. The existing locks and grounds are in fair condition and are in con- tinuous operation except when flooded out by high water or undergoing repair. The facilities are obsolete and inadequate for existing traffic. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1693 No construction work has been done on the lock and guard lock, which was authorized to replace the existing facilities, by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, and the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. Plans and specifications for the work have been essentially completed, but will require review and revision. Total costs have been $3,020,529, of which $520,005 was for new work ($377,122 for purchase and rehabilitation of existing lock and canal and $3,883 for new lock from River and Harbor funds and $139,000 for new lock from flood-control funds), and $2,500,524 for maintenance (operation and care) from River and Harbor funds. In addition $300,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work on existing canal and lock and $452,110 was expended between April 16, 1915, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated... .------ ----------------------------- ------------ ------------ 1 $520, 005 Cost a . ........ ____ _-----------------__ _------------_______ _ 1520,005 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ $146,114 $182,000 $192,500 $178,466 $160,000 2,952,950 Cost.---------------- 161,364 159,483 188,347 191,408 177,053 2,952,633 1 In addition $300,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _ _ _ _ _ _ $9, 680, 000 8. COLUMBIA AND LOWER WILLAMETTE RIVERS BELOW VANCOUVER, WASH. AND PORTLAND, OREG. Location. This project embraces 1031/2 miles of Columbia River below Vancouver, Wash., and 14 miles of Willamette River below Portland, Oreg. For description of Columbia River see page 1702 and of Williamette River, page 1688. Previous project. Some relief dredging was done between 1866 and 1876. Projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878; July 13, 1892; June 13, 1902; and March 3, 1905. For further details see pages 1995 and 1998 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1746 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide in the Columbia River from its mouth to the mouth of the Willamette, 101.5 miles, and thence up Willamette River to Broadway Bridge at Portland 12 miles; 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide from Broadway Bridge to Ross Island, 14 miles above the mouth of Willamette River to be maintained by the port of Portland. The existing project also provides for maintenance at not to exceed a depth of 35 feet at low water, over such areas in the Portland harbor and Willamette River between its mouth and Broadway Bridge as have been or may be dredged to project depth 1694 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 by the port of Portland; no dredging, however, shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of the pierhead line. In addition, the existing project also provides for the following: A channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the Columbia River from the mouth of the Willamette River to the interstate highway bridge at Vancouver, Wash., about 5 miles, with two turning basins of the same depth at Vancouver, 800 feet wide and approximately 2,000 and 3,000 feet long for the upper and lower basins, respec- tively, auxiliary channels 10 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the vicinity of Cathlamet, Wash., 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide in St. Helens (Oreg.) Channel, and 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide connecting the upper end of the St. Helens Channel with the main ship channel of the Columbia; 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide along the frontage of the town of Rainier, Oreg., extended at its upper and lower ends to deep water in the Columbia River, 8 feet deep and 150 feet wide from this depth in Columbia River through the old mouth of Cowlitz River to a point approximately 3,000 feet upstream from the present terminus of the harbor line; a channel from the Longview Port dock downstream along the pierhead line and past the Weyerhaeuser Timber Co.'s plant at Longview, to a connection with the main ship channel below Mount Coffin the downstream 2,400 feet of this channel to be 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide and the remainder to be 28 feet deep and 250 feet wide; construction of a small boat mooring basin at Astoria, Oreg., to include a sheet pile, sand-filled breakwater about 2,400 feet long with a 30-foot roadway along its full length, and steel-pile shore wings totaling about 1,460 feet in length; and for the construction of stone and pile dikes and revetments. The plane of reference in the estuary from the mouth to Har- rington Point is mean lower low water; thence to Portland and Vancouver, low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at the mouth of the Columbia is about 8 feet, and at Portland and Vancouver about 21/2 feet at low stages of the rivers. Extreme tidal ranges are about 13 feet and 3 feet, respectively. Annual freshets have but little effect on depths at the mouth of the Columbia; at Portland and Vancouver they average about 20 feet, while the highest known reached a stage of 33 feet above low water at Portland. The actual cost for new work, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects and contributed funds, is $5,384,677. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $1,845,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1695 Acts Work authorized Documents I I Feb. 27, 1911 2 pipeline dredges and accessories_ July 25, 1912 Increasing the main channel depth to 30 feet _..... H. Doc. 1278, 61st Cong., 3d sess. July 27, 1916 Consolidating the improvement below Portland, No prior report. Oreg. and between Vancouver, Wash., and the mouth of the Willamette. 1 Aug. 8, 1917 For the Cathlamet Channel___--............-.... H. Doe. 120, 63d Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Construction of an additional dredge (dredge was H. Doec. 1009, 66th Cong., 3d sess. not built) and accessories for better maintenance, and the construction of contraction works. Mar. 4, 19232 Channel from deep water in Willamette Slough to H. Doe. 156, 67th Cong., 2d sess. deep water in Columbia River. Mar. 3, 1925 Depth of 25 feet and width of 300 feet from mouth of H. Doe. 126, 68th Cong., 1st sess. the Willamette River to Vancouver, Wash. Mar. 3, 1927 Closing of the east channel at Swan Island in the Rivers and Harbors Committee Willamette River on condition that the main Doec. 10, 69th Cong., 2d sess. channel to be opened to project dimensions on the west side of the island by the port of Portland. July 3, 1930 For a 35-foot channel 500 feet wide from Portland to H. Doec. 195, 70th Cong., 1st sess., the sea. and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee 1 Doe. 8, 71st Cong., 1st sess. 1 Sept. 6, 1933 A channel 28 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the H. Doe. 249, 72d Cong., 1st sess. mouth of the Willamette River to Vancouver, with 2 turning basins, each generally 28 feet deep by 800 feet wide by 2,000 feet long. Aug. 30, 1935 A channel in the Columbia River from mouth of the Rivers and Harbors Committee Willamette to the Interstate Highway Bridge at Doec. 1, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Vancouver, Wash., 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide, with 2 turning basins at Vancouver. Do ......Maintenance of not to exceed 35-foot depth at low Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 water in Portland Harbor and Willamette River Doec. 6, 73d Cong., 1st sess. between its mouth and Broadway Bridge at Port- land. 1 Do ......Auxiliary channels, 30 feet deep, 300 and 500 feet at H. Doec. 235, 72d Cong., 1st sess. St. Helens. Aug. 26, 1937 Extension of the lower turning basin at Vancouver, Rivers and Harbors Committe Wash., 1,000 feet downstream. Doe. 81, 74th Cong., 2d sess.' Do_...... An auxiliary channel 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide H. Doec. 203, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' along the water front at Rainier. Oreg. Mar. 2, 1945 Improvement of old mouth of the Cowlitz River .... H. Doec. 341, 77th Cong., 1st sess.' Do....... An auxiliary channel in the vicinity of Longview, H. Doec. 630, 77th Cong., 2d sess.' Wash. July 24, 1946 A small-boat mooring basin at Astoria, Oreg...-..... H. Doe. 692, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Public Res. 105, 67th Cong. 8 Public Works Administration. Local cooperation. Requirements of cooperation prior to 1945 have been fully complied with. The act of July 24, 1946, authorizing the construction of a small-boat mooring basin at Astoria, Oreg., provides that local interests furnish assurances to the United States that they will furnish free of cost all neces- sary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; provide all neces- sary mooring facilities within the basin, sewers, water and electric supply lines, and a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal terms. Assurances for the small-boat basin at Astoria were approved on November 4, 1947. Local interests have provided some moor- ing facilities, and public landings. Terminal facilities. At Portland, Oreg., there are under public ownership and open to all on equal terms, three terminals for handling general cargo, bulk grain, coal, phosphate, lumber, oils, and similar commodities. Extensive moderinization and rehabili- tation of these public facilities are currently underway as a result of the outcome of the May 1954 primary election when a 6.5- million dollar expenditure of public funds was authorized for 1696 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 this work. Under private ownership and operation there are 5 general cargo, 5 flour and grain, 6 lumber, 1 cement, 1 bulk creosote, 1 salt, and 10 fuel oil and gasoline wharves and piers, besides outfitting and repair, sand and gravel, and construction equipment wharves. Three of the private general cargo ter- minals subscribe to Commission of Public Docks Terminal Tariff 2A and four of the five flour and grain facilities publish terminal tariffs and may therefore be considered to be open to the public on equal terms. The port of Portland Commission, a State of Oregon agency, has completed at Swan Island, modern ship repair and outfitting facilities complete with three dry docks, one of 2,000-ton, one of 12,500-ton and one on long term lease from the U. S. Navy of 14,000-ton capacity. Also available at this facility and available to the public on equal terms are five rail mounted gantry cranes each of 45-ton capacity, and one truck mounted crane, as well as machine shops, rail lines, staging, compressed air, steam, electricity and water. Seven berths are available at the outfitting dock of this facility which is open to all on equal terms. Also located within the harbor are one dry dock of 85-ton capacity, three privately owned marine railways for handling small vessels and barges, as well as several skid-type haulouts on which launches and other small craft can be accommodated. Heavy lift equipment at the general cargo wharves include 10 locomotive cranes and auto cranes with up to 35-ton capacity, one 150-ton swinging boom derrick, one 100-ton swinging boom derrick, one 100-ton shear-leg derrick crane, two 35-ton traveling gantry cranes and two 75-ton floating cranes. At Astoria, Oreg., there is a large municipal terminal with grain elevator and flour mill, facilities for receiving oil products by tariker, and bunkering of vessels. There are also private wharves used for receipt of fish, sand and gravel, and bunkering of fishing vessels. At Vancouver, Wash., below Interstate Bridge, there are two municipal terminal wharves. There are also several privately owned wharves for the shipment of lumber, a fuel and gasoline terminal, and a privately owned grain elevator and wharf. The port of Longview has a public terminal on the Columbia River at Longview, Wash., and the Long-Bell Lumber Company and Weyerhaeuser Timber Company have wharves in the same vicinity for the shipment of lumber. A privately operated grain elevator for shipment of grain is located at the port terminal; a fuel oil and gasoline terminal is also located at the port dock for the receipt of petroleum products. There is a heavy lift of 125- ton capacity at the public terminal. At other locations on the Columbia River between Portland and Columbia River entrance, there are sufficient private facilities to accommodate the river vessels and fishing craft, and at seven points there are large sawmill docks used exclusively for shipment of lumber in ocean-going vessels. These facilities, with planned extensions, are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. (For further details see Port RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1697 Series Nos. 33 and 34, Corps of Engineers, published in 1953 and 1954, respectively.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Repair of existing pile dikes and construction of dolphins were in progress until operations were halted by high waters. Work will be resumed when the Columbia River freshet subsides. A total of 9,615,257 cubic yards of material were removed from bars and shoals in the main and side channels; 6,834,133 cubic yards by Government plant, and 2,781,124 cubic yards by con- tract; at a cost of $1,828,567.43. Hydrographic condition surveys were made at a cost of $134,078.39. Total costs for the fiscal year were $1,986,574.79, all for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted September 1950. The main channel project was com- pleted in 1933, except that a revision at Harrington Point was made in 1935. The dikes were completed in 1935 and the extension of the Vancouver turning basin in 1939. The auxiliary channel in the vicinity of Longview was completed in 1949, and the improvement of the old mouth of Cowlitz River and the small boat mooring basin at Astoria were completed in 1950. The controlling depth at low water in Columbia River from its mouth to the mouth of Willamette River in 34 feet. Above the mouth of Willamette River the Vancouver channel has a control- ling depth of 30 feet and in Willamette River from its mouth to Broadway Bridge the controlling depth is 33 feet. Project depths are maintained throughout the year except during short shoaling periods following freshets which generally occur in May, June, and July. In Columbia and Willamette Rivers between the mouth and Broadway Bridge at Portland a draft of 32 feet at low tide and 35 feet at high tide is practicable throughout the year. In Columbia River between the mouth of Willamette River and Van- couver, Wash., drafts of 26 and 28 feet at low and high tide, respectively, are practicable throughout the year. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956 have been as follows: New work Maintenance Total United States funds: Regular funds__...................................... $4,799,932 $27,774,814 $32,574,746 Public works funds_-.... ----- _--------------446,296 ----------------- 446,296 Emergency Relief Administration funds------------ 138,449 98,668 237,117 Total U. S. funds ----------------------------- 5,384,677 27,873,482 33,258,159 Contributed funds_.-_------------------------- .. - 223,026 24,320 247,346 Total all funds_---.--... ------. ---. --.-.. --. - 5,607,703 27,897,802 33,505,505 1698 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561a 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------- -$9,578 ------- Appropriated........ ----------------------------------- $6,914,090 Cost -------------------------- ............----------............-----------............ .......................--------------- 6,914,090 Maintenance: Appropriated.-. 1,162,134 $1,623,200 $1,383,975 $1,643,300 $1,859,000 29,124, 248 Cost................. 1,171,453 1,603,954 1,385,396 1,500,962 1,986,575 29,088,347 1Includes $1,529,413 for new work and $1,214,865 for maintenance for previous project. =In addition $223,026 for new work and $24,320 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds 9. LAKE RIVER, WASH. Location. Lake River, located in Clark County, Wash. is the outlet of Vancouver Lake, located about 2 miles northwest of Vancouver, Wash. The stream flows in a northerly direction for about 11 miles and empties into Columbia River about 88 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6154.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 6 feet deep at low water and 100 feet wide from the mouth of the river to Ridgefield (3 miles.) The mean tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher water at the mouth of the river is 3 feet. The actual cost for new work was $2,700. The latest (1948) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, in accordance with House Committee Document No. 2, 69th Congress, 1st session, as modified by the report of the War Department dated May 10, 1930, pursuant to Commerce Committee resolution dated February 22, 1930. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are 4 timber wharves on Lake River, located at Ridgefield about 21/2 miles above the mouth of the river. Two are privately owned and 2 are open to the public. The principal traffic consists of floating logs, which are placed in the river from a log dump connected with the railway at Felida. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A total of 10,219 cubic yards of material was removed from the navigation channel by contract during May 1956, restoring project depth. Total costs for the fiscal year were $6,017.82. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1931. Recent dredging has made the channel adequate for present commerce. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $12,718, of which $2,700 has been for new work and $10,018 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1699 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------------........ ............................................................ $2,700 Cost .....---------------------------------------- 2,700 Maintenance: $8,500 12,500 Appropriated........-----------------------------............---............----------------... Cost------------------- ----------------------------------- 6,018 10,018 10. COWLITZ RIVER, WASH. Location. This river rises in the Cascade Range in Washington, flows westerly and southerly about 120 miles, and empties in the Columbia River about 69 miles from the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6153.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details see page 2000 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1763 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 4 feet deep at low water and 50 feet wide from the mouth to Ostrander (9 miles), thence 21/ feet deep and 50 feet wide to Castle Rock (10 miles), and thence 21/ feet deep at low water and not less than 40 feet wide to Toledo (18 miles), to be secured by snagging, dredging, and regulating works. The water level, due to tides, varies from 4 feet at the mouth to zero at Ostrander. During ordinary freshets a stage of 20 feet, and at extreme floods a stage of 25 feet, is reached in the river at Kelso, Wash. The actual cost for new work was $32,906.62, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1953) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $40,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. 1167, 60th Cong., 2d sess., from the mouth to Castle Rock, and H. Doc. 404, 61st Cong., 2d sess., from Castle Rock to Toledo). For the latest published map see House Document 1167, 60th Congress, 2d session. Recommended modification of project. The Chief of Engineers has recommended that the project be modified by the elimination of all work above Castle Rock (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities consist of privately owned and operated landings, log rollways and storage booms which are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A total of 71,400 cubic yards of material was removed by Government pipeline dredge, restoring channel project depths between the mouth and Kelso, Wash. Total costs for the fiscal year were $25,248.93. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1913. The channel is maintained to the project depth of 1700 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 4 feet between the mouth and Kelso, Wash. Above Kelso the chan- nel is in poor condition with a controlling depth at low water of 2 feet. Total costs for the existing project have been $406,029, of which $32,907 was for new work and $373,122 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated - ------ ----- -------- --- ---- ----- $37,907 Caoste Cost ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $-------37,907 37,907 Maintenadce Appropriated.....- - .... .-........... $4,000 $20,000 $26,000 422,360 Cost_ - ...... ............ 3,434 20,263 25,249 421,306 1Includes $4,999 for new work and $48,184 for maintenance for previous project. 11. COLUMBIA RIVER AT BAKER BAY, WASH. Location. Baker Bay is a shallow body of water about 15 square miles in extent, lying on the north side of Columbia River near its mouth. The bay is separated from the river by Sand Island, a low-lying sand bar only a few feet above high tide level. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6151.) Existing project. This provides for a main channel, 10 feet deep and 200 feet wide extending through the easterly passage at Sand Island to the port of Ilwaco, a distance of about 5 miles; for a mooring basin 10 feet and 12 feet deep, about 20 acres in extent, located east of the port of Ilwaco dock, with protecting break- waters; and for a west channel 10 feet deep connecting the basin with deep water in Columbia River, with a width of 150 feet, in- creased to 200 feet for a distance of 2,000 feet at the southerly end. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 8 feet, and the extreme about 13 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $1,020,000. The approved estimate of annual maintenance (1950) is $88,500. Non-Federal costs amount to $188,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Dec. 11, 1933 Aug. 30, 1935 Mar. 2, 1945 --Main do channel _....- ----------- ..-- ............-----.- West channel 9 feet deep-__----------------- Public Works Administration. H. Dec. 44, 73d Cong., 1st sess. H. Doc. 443, 76th Cong., 1st sess. May 17, 1950 West channel 10 feet deep and mooring basin with S.Doc. 95, 81st Cong., 1st sess. protecting breakwaters. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950, in connection with construction of the mooring basin and modification of the west channel provides: (1) That local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary lands, RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1701 easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the new work and for its subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works and their subsequent maintenance: (3) main- tain project depths in the mooring basin; (4) make the necessary changes in existing sewers; and (5) provide and maintain ade- quate terminal and mooring facilities within the basin, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. The facilities consist of wharves, floats, ramps and berths for fishing craft, oil and sand barges, and tow- boats. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing of the west channel was completed by contract in August 1955 with a total of 27,981 cubic yards of material removed. A hydrographic survey to determine conditions at the west channel entrance was accomplished in May 1956. Total costs for the fiscal year were $21,635.16. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 41 percent complete. The channel extending through the easterly passage at Sand Island was completed in 1934. Construction of three spur dikes and dredging of the west channel extending from deep water in Columbia River to the east channel near Ilwaco was completed to a depth of 8 feet, September 1948. Construction of an 1800-foot pile, timber, and stone dike was completed in 1951 and additional piling needed to tighten the dike was installed during fiscal year 1954. No work has been done on the mooring basin authorized as a project modification by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950. Total costs have been $723,180, of which $418,731 was for new work and $304,449 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated-------........ ------------............ $5,500 ............-- $661 ------------ $418, 731 Cost---------------- $74,372 12,906 $2,733 ------------......... :.. 418,731 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ 34,301 -7,300 30,000 7, 000 $23, 060 306,887 Cost...-.....-... 1,281 26,374 24,912 11,119 21,635 304,449 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ $70, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------- 70, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_______---___-- - _ 531, 269 1702 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 12. COLUMBIA RIVER AT THE MOUTH, OREGON AND- WASHINGTON Location... This river rises in British Columbia, through which it flows for 425 miles. It enters the United States in northeastern Washington, flows southerly to the mouth of Snake River, thence westerly between Oregon and Washington, and empties into the Pacific Ocean 645 miles north of San Francisco Bay and 160 miles south of the Straits of Juan de Fuca. The total length of the river is 1,210 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5902, 6151, 6152, 6153, 6154, 6155, and 6156; also Geological Sur- vey map of Washington.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 5, 1884. For further details see page 1999 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1740 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel across the bar of suitable alinement with depth of 48 feet at mean lower low water for a width of one-half mile, to be secured by dredging and the con- struction of a spur jetty on the north shore. The tidal range on the bar between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 8 feet, and the extreme tidal range is about 13 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1956) is $20,900,000, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous project. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $531,000 not including repairs to jetties. Jetty mainte- nance is accomplished only at intervals of several years and is covered by special allotments. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1905 Extension of south jetty and construction of north H. Doc. 94, 56th Cong., 1st sess. jetty and dredging. t Sept. 3, 1954 Bar channel of 48-foot depth and spur jetty on north H. Doc. 249, 83d Cong., 2d sess. shore. 1 Contains latest published map. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Range markers and control towers were installed and a boat basin at Fort Stevens dredged prior to the initiation of dredging by Govern- ment plant of the 48-foot depth bar channel. Work on the project modification was initiated April 15, 1956, and by the end of the fiscal year, the Government hopper dredges Essayons and Biddle had removed a total of 6,537,502 cubic yards of material. Maintenance: The repair of Sand Island pile dike 111.2, ini- tiated June 1955, was completed. At Fort Stevens, fence reloca- tion and installation of a water line were accomplished. A total of 1,220,301 cubic yards of material was removed from the entrance channel by Government hopper dredge. Total costs for the fiscal year were $1,118,003.38, of which $876,443.26 was for new work and $241,560.12 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1703 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 59 percent complete. ' The project as originally authorized, 40-foot depth over the bar, was completed in 1918. Dredging of the 48- foot bar channel is 27 percent complete. A survey made in June 1956 showed a controlling depth in the entrance channel of 42 feet at mean lower low water except at Clatsop Spit where the con- trolling depth for the left quarter of the channel was 39 feet. Total costs under the existing project from Federal funds have been $24,966,253, of which $12,233,949 is for new work and $12,732,304 for maintenance. In addition $475,000 and $25,000 were contributed by the ports of Portland and Astoria, respectively, and expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ........ -----------............ $750,000 ---- ------------------------........... $14,093,759 Cost------- ---------------------------------------------- 876,443 8 14,220,202 Maintenance:"° ...... ! C i Appropriated........ ------- $208,297 $385,300 .$327,100 $333,600 183,000 12,734,315 Cost---------------- 222,974 458,116 308,471 294,641 241,560 12,732,304 1 Includes $1,986,253 for new work for previous project. 2 In addition $500,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3 Includes costs applying against borrowed funds of $187,500 received in fiscal year 1956. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_.._ -$131, 294 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------ --- 1, 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_________________________________ 1,168, 700 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ______________-_____- 7, 492,494 13. TILLAMOOK BAY AND BAR, OREG. Location. This bay is located on the Oregon coast about 50 miles south of the mouth of Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5902 and 6112.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 11, 1888, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see pages 1989 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1474 of Annual Report for 1936. Existing project. This provides for a jetty about 5,700 feet long on the north side of the entrance; for a channel through the bar 18 feet deep and of such width as can be practically and economically obtained; for a channel 200 feet wide and 18 feet deep from deep water in the bay to Miami Cove; and for initial dredging to a depth of 12 feet of a small boat basin and an ap- proach thereto at Garibaldi, Oreg. The project also provides for the improvement of Bayocean Peninsula, Oregon; for navigation, by construction of a sand and rockfill dike 1.4 miles in length, on alinement extending between Pitcher Point and the town of Bayocean. 1704 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The mean of the higher high waters above the plane of reference and the ex- treme tidal range at the entrance are 7.5 feet and about 13.5 feet, respectively. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1956) is $1,886,000. Estimated non-Federal cost (1956) is $239,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance for the entrance and bay channels is $28,000 and for the proposed sand dike $25,000. The Hobsonville channel portion of the project is classified as inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion revised in 1955 is estimated to be $99,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 26, 1912 \Construction of north jetty. 6,700 feet long and dredg- H. Doc. 349, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 4, 1913 J ing channel 16 feet deep, 200 feet wide, to Bay City. Mar. 2, 1919 Abandonment of that portion of project above Bay H. Doc. 730, 65th Cong., 2d sess. City. 2 Mar. 3, 1925 Abandonment of Bay City channel and for present H. Doc. 562, 68th Cong., 2d sess. project dimensions of the channels and turning basins with regulating works as needed. June 30, 1948 Dredging small-boat basin and approach at Gari- H. Doc. 650, 80th Cong., 1st sess. baldi, Oreg., to a depth of 12 feet. Sept. 3, 1954 Closure of breach in Bayocean Peninsula ---------- S. Doc. 128, 83d Cong., 2d sess.' 1Contains latest published map. t Includes the following work, classified inactive. A channel to Hobsonville 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep, with a turning basin 500 feet wide at Hobsonville, and regulating works as needed. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948, in connection with the authorization of small boat basin at Garibaldi provides (1) that local interests furnish all necessary easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas, both for new work and maintenance, and (2) agree to maintain necessary depths in the mooring basin proper, to construct, maintain, and operate necessary mooring facilities and utilities within the basin, in- cluding a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms, and (3) to hold and save the United States free from any claims and damages which might result from execution of the work. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, provides that local interests agree to: (a) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for con- struction and maintenance of the project; (b) make all necessary changes in roads; (c) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project, including such damage as may occur to public or leased oyster beds and other shellfish grounds; and (d) contribute in cash 15 percent of the cost of construction. Assurances required for this project modification have been received and approved. Terminal facilities. At Garibaldi there is a privately owned wharf for the shipment of lumber; a public wharf suitable for fishing vessels, towboats, and other craft, and a privately owned fixed derrick for loading logs to oceangoing barges. These facili- ties are considered adequate for existing commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1705 Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Con- struction of the project modification, consisting of a rock and hydraulic fill to close the breach in Bayocean Peninsula, was ini- tiated by contract May 4, 1956. At the end of the fiscal year work was 25 percent complete with a total of 950,000 cubic yards of hydraulic fill and 46,000 tons of quarry run stone placed in the breakwater. Maintenance: Repair of the Tillamook North Jetty was com- pleted September 1955 with a total of 5,535 tons of rock placed about 4,000 feet seaward of the inner end of the jetty. Total costs for the fiscal year were $275,823.61 of which $246,846.06 was for new work and $28,977.55 for maintenance. In addition $120,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 44 per- cent complete. The remaining work required to complete the project consists of dredging a small boat basin and connecting channel at Garibaldi, and completion of closing of the breach in Bayocean Peninsula. A survey made May 1956 shows a con- trolling depth of 17 feet on the bar, 13 feet in the channel to Miami Cove and 7 feet in the turning basin, at lower low water. Total costs have been $1,835,441, of which $821,293 has been for new work and $1,014,148 for maintenance. In addition, $518,833 has been expended for new work and $6,450 for maintenance from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ...........------------------- ------------ ------------ Appropriated--........----- $200,000 $851,656 Cost--------- ------------- ------------ -------- ------------ 246,846 898,502 Maintenance: Appropriated .................... $3,355 $4,355 $52,300 3,000 1,086,103 Cost_ ............ ............. 3,355 ............ 30,866 28,978 1,085,646 1Includes $77,209 for new work and $71,498 for maintenance for previous project. 2In addition $398,833 for new work and $6,450 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. In addition $76,800 for new work, Port of Tillamook, and $43,200 for Bay City was expended from con- tributed funds on closing of the breach in Bayocean Peninsula. $ Includes costs applied against borrowed funds of $50,000 received in fiscal year 1956. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 __- _-___ -$48, 079 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 __ 1, 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957________________________________------------------------------- 1,251,921 14. DEPOE BAY, OREG. Location. This harbor is located on the Oregon coast, 100 miles south of the mouth of Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 5902.) Existing project. This provides for a breakwater north of the entrance, for an entrance channel 8 feet deep and 30 feet wide, and 1706 REPORT O' THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARVMY, 1956 for an inner basin 750 feet long by an average of 390 feet wide, 8 feet deep, with retaining wall along the easterly side. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The mean of the higher high water and the extreme rise at the entrance above the plane of reference are 7.8 feet and about 11.5 feet respectively. The actual cost for new work was $367,364.46. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 202, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), authorized construction of an inner basin 375 feet long, 125 feet wide, and 5 feet deep, with entrance chan- nel of same depth and 30 feet in width. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 350, 77th Cong., 1st sess.), modified the project to provide for the existing project as described. The latest published map is in this document. Local cooperation. Provisions of the River and Harbor Act ap- proved August 26, 1937, have been fully complied with except for the construction of a public terminal. Under the provisions of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the improvements and their subsequent maintenance, when and as required, hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages resulting from the improvements, and save and hold free for use of the public as a roadway, promenade, or landing, a strip at least 60 feet wide along the easterly side of the retaining wall for its full length. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities, all in the inner basin consist of landings and floats, privately owned, to accommodate operators of excursion and commercial fishing boats. The present facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing of the inner basin was completed by contract September 1955, with a total of 10,414 cubic yards of material removed. Total costs for the fiscal year were $20,776.15. Condition at end of fiscal year. Dredging of the basin and entrance channel to a depth of 5 feet as originally authorized was completed in 1939. Enlarging and deepening the basin and entrance channel to 8-foot depth and construction of a retaining wall and breakwater at the entrance was completed in June 1952. Project depths of 8 feet prevail in the entrance channel and 7.5 feet in the inner basin, survey of May 1956. Total costs have been $481,166 of which $367,364 was for new work and $113,802 for maintenance. RIVERS AND IARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1707 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ---........----............---- -$2,282 ...........- .. _-................. $367, 364 Cost----.--...... . $26,876 195 ............ ............ ............ 367,364 Maintenance: ----------------............ Appropriated........------------............ -- $1,000 $22,000 $1,700 114,541 Cost---------------------.. ............ ............ ----------------- 812 2,373 20, 776 113,802 15. YAQUINA RIVER, OREG. Location. This river rises in the Coast Range, flows about 50 miles in a westerly direction, and empties into Yaquina Bay, on the Oregon Coast. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5802 and 6058.) Existing project. This provides for two controlling half-tide dikes of piling, brush, and stone, each about 1,100 feet long (con- structed by local interests), and for a channel 10 feet deep and generally 150 feet wide on Yaquina River and 200 feet wide in Depot Creek, extending from the town of Yaquina to Toledo, about 9 miles. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The mean of the higher high waters above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal ranges under ordinary conditions at the mouth of the river are 8.1 feet and about 12 feet, and the same at Toledo. Freshet heights are about 12 feet at the mouth of Depot Creek. The actual Federal cost for new work was $28,800. In addi- tion local interests contributed $43,200 for new work. The latest (1948) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance of $10,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 4, 1913, House Document 519, 62d Congress, 2d session. The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. At Yaquina, at the mouth of the river, which is also the head of the bay, there is a small wharf of about 50-foot frontage. The port of Toledo has a public wharf in Depot Creek at Toledo, with frontage of about 600 feet. The city of Toledo also has a public wharf of about 50-foot frontage on Depot Creek constructed to accommodate small motorboats. There are also at Toledo two privately owned slips having special facilities for transferring lumber to lighters. These terminals are con- sidered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A contract was awarded June 1956 for maintenance channel dredging at Yaquina River and Depoe Creek. Work will be initiated early in fiscal year 1957. Total costs for the fiscal year were $4,917.27. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1708 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 1914. Mobilization of equipment is in progress for contract main- tenance dredging in fiscal year 1957. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $110,349, of which $28,800 was for new work and $81,549 for maintenance. In addition $46,200 was expended from contributed funds; $43,200 for new work and $3,000 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------........ ......------------------ ----------------------------------- $28,800 Cost-------------------------------------------------------------------- 28,800 Maintenance: $28,000 104,631 Appropriated........-----------.....................----------------------------- Cost----------------------.........................--------------------------------- ............ ............ 4,917 81,549 1 In addition $46,200 was expended from contributed funds; $43,200 for new work, and $3,000 for mainte- nance. 16. YAQUINA BAY AND HARBOR, OREG. Location. This bay is located on the Oregon coast, 115 miles south of the mouth of the Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5802 and 6058.) Previous projects. The River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880, provided for the improvement of the entrance. Subsequent proj- ects were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 3, 1896, June 6, 1900, and March 3, 1905. For further details, see the Annual Report for 1893, part 4, page 3314, House Document 68, 54th Congress, 1st session, and the Annual Report for 1938, page 1736. Existing project. This provides for two high tide rubble-mound jetties at the entrance, 1,000 feet apart at their outer ends; the north jetty to be 4,700 feet and the south jetty to be 5,800 feet in length; for a spur jetty on the channel side of the south jetty 4,700 feet from its sea end, 800 feet in length; for five groins channel- ward from the south jetty; insofar as the rock bottom will allow for a channel 26 feet deep and of suitable width across the entrance bar for a channel 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the outer end of the jetties upstream and along the south side of the bay a distance of about 2 miles to McLean Point with a turning basin at the upstream end 22 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide and 1,200 feet long; for a channel 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 20-foot chan- nel at about mile 1, along the city docks at Newport, thence up- stream to the abandoned railroad terminus at Yaquina, a distance of about 41/2. miles; and for a small boat mooring basin at New- port, Oreg., by construction of a breakwater about 2,650 feet long and a shore wing about 400 feet long, and initial dredging in the mooring basin to a depth of 10 feet. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The mean of the higher waters above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal range at the entrance and at the head of the bay are 8.1 feet and 12 feet, respectively. RIVERS AND IARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1709 The actual cost for new work is $2,181,745.79. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance dredging in the bay and entrance is $87,500. The latest (1937) approved estimate of cost for maintenance of the north jetty is $12,000 an- nually to be applied at intervals of several years. There is no ap- proved estimate for maintenance of the south jetty. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1919 Restoration and extension of the jetties constructed H. Doc. 109, 65th Cong., 1st sess. under previous projects, rock removal at the en- trance; and dredging in the bay up to the railroad terminus at Yaquina. Aug. 26, 1937 Extension of the north jetty seaward 1,000 feet-S. .--. enate committee print, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' Mar. 2, 1945 26-foot channel of suitable width across entrance bar, S. Doc. 119, 77th Cong., 1st sess.' insofar as rock bottom will allow, a 20-foot channel 300 feet wide along south side of bay to and includ- ing a turning basin 22 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide, and 1,200 feet long. July 24, 1946 Construction of a small-boat mooring basin at New- S. Doc. 246, 79th Cong., 2d sess. port, Oreg. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. At McLean Point, on the north side of the bay, about 2 miles from the entrance, the Yaquina Bay Dock & Dredge Co., Inc., wharf has a frontage of about 900 feet, which provides loading berths for two vessels. This facility has a lum- ber planing mill, necessary lumber carriers and lift trucks, and is open to all on equal terms. On the south side of the bay im- mediately above the highway bridge, about a mile and a quarter above the entrance, the C. D. Johnson Lumber Company maintains private dolphins with a frontage of 700 feet for loading ocean- going vessels from barges. The port of Newport has a public wharf with 400 feet of frontage for handling of fishing boats. In addition, the port of Newport maintains about 500 feet of pro- tected float landings for use by seagoing fishing vessels. Operations and results during fiscal year. Rehabilitation of the north jetty, initiated in June 1955 by contract, progressed to 58 percent completion with a total of 124,000 tons of jetty stone placed. Dredging of the bar and inner channel was accomplished by Government hopper dredge. A total of 377,348 cubic yards of material was removed at a cost of $128,702.12. Blasting and rock removal from the reef in the entrance channel was initiated in June 1956 by hired labor and rented plant. Hydrographic condition surveys were made at a cost of $9,607.07. Total costs for the fiscal year were $639,616.23. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- plete in May 1952. Restoration of the jetties was completed in 1934 and the extension to the north jetty in 1940. The main channel from the outer ends of the jetties to McLean 1710 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Point with turning basins at the upstream end was completed in May 1952, and the channel 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 20-foot channel at mile 1 along the city dock at Newport, thence upstream to the abandoned railroad terminus at Yaquina and the small boat mooring basin at Newport were completed during fiscal year 1949. The controlling depth on the bar is 20 feet for a width of 300 feet and 18 feet between the jetties, 21 feet in the turning basin, 10 feet in the small boat basin, by survey of May 1956. Rehabilitation of the north jetty is in progress by contract. Completion date is September 1956. Total costs under the existing project from Federal funds have been $4,217,896, of which $2,181,746 was for new work and $2,036,150 for maintenance. In addition, $729,168 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$744 .........------------------- --------------------------------- $2,889,059 ta. ........... CosMai ~ Maintenance: Cost--------- $7,248 ~ ~--------$,28 21 ... ........ 2----------------------------- 2,889,059 2,8,5 117,000 Appropriated--------........ 53,900 $109,680 $683,800 $132,000 2,104,597 Cost----.......... - 117,000 53,316 94,165 129,861 639,616 2,042,176 1 Includes $707,313 fornew work and $6,026 formaintenance forprevious project. 5 In addition $729,168 fornew work was expended from contributed funds. 17. SMITH RIVER, OREG. Location. Smith River rises in the Coast Range in southern Oregon and flows about 40 miles in a generally westerly direction to join Umpqua River opposite Reedsport, about 11 miles from the Pacific Ocean. The course of the river meanders to such an ex- tent that its total length is about 70 miles. The lower 23 miles is tidal. The section of the river included in this project is the lower 20.8 miles. The head of navigation is Sulphur Springs Landing, mile 20.8. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6004.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 6 feet deep at mean lower low water and 100 feet wide from the mouth of the river to the mouth of North Fork, and thence 4 feet deep at mean lower low water and 75 feet wide to Sulphur Springs Landing with a passing place 125 feet wide and 800 feet long in the vicinity of the mouth of North Fork. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The average range of the tide at the mouth is about 7 feet between lower low water and higher high water, and at the head of navigation (mile 20.8) the tidal range is about 4 feet. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948. Senate Document 94, 80th Congress, 1st session. The latest published map is in this document. The estimated cost for new work (1956) is $147,000. The RIVERS AND IARBORS--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1711 latest (1946) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $11,500. Non-Federal costs amount to $12,000. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to agree to (a) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance as required, (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvement, and (c) construct and maintain terminal facili- ties as may be necessary to meet the needs of commerce, open to all on equal terms. Assurances of cooperation were received from local interests April 3, 1956. Terminal facilities. The only terminal facilities on Smith River are privately owned landing floats. In the lower reach of the river are several boom and rafting grounds for the collection of logs for movement to mills downstream. Ample space exists along the lower sections of the river for the development of terminal facilities should their need arise. Operation and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions covering dredging of the project were completed and a con- tract awarded in June 1956. Operations will be initiated in fiscal year 1957. Total costs for the fiscal year were $24,836.95. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been ac- complished. A dredging contract has been awarded. Total costs have been $24,837 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year"endingune 30 Total to 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 New work: ........--------.....-------------------------............-------....... Appropriated------- $147,000 $147,000 Cost----------.. ---------------------------------............ ------------ 24,837 24,837 Other new work data: Unobligated balances, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 1111 $34, 443 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------- 34,443 18. SIUSLAW RIVER, OREG. Location. This river rises in the coast range, flows about 110 miles in a westerly direction, and empties into the Pacific Ocean through a low, shifting sand beach about 160 miles south of the mouth of Columbia River and 485 miles north of San Francisco Bay, Calif. (See U. S. Coast' and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5802.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of Septem- ber 19, 1890, and modified in 1891. For further details of previous project see page 1988 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project. This provides for a bar channel 12 feet deep 1712 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 at mean lower low water, 2 mean high tide rubblestone jetties, 750 feet apart at their extremities, the north jetty extending westerly along the edge of the north spit for a distance of 3,700 feet, a south jetty extending westerly across the south spit a distance about 4,200 feet, and a channel 12 feet deep at mean lower low water 200 feet wide through the shoal below Florence and 150 feet wide on the two shoals above Florence. Mean of the higher high water above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal ranges at the mouth of the river, under ordinary conditions, are 6.9 feet and about 10 feet, respectively. Floods rise to 20 feet above low water. The tidal influence extends about 19 miles up the river to the foot of Mapleton Rapids. The actual cost for new work from Federal funds is $374,888. In addition, $322,532 was expended for contributed funds. The latest (1956) approved estimate of annual cost of mainte- nance dredging is $31,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Extension of jetties..._--.....------------..------------ H. Doc. 648, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3, 1925 For river channel_-_--.--- __------------ ____ Senate committee print, serial 1, 68th Cong., 1st sess. The latest published map is in H. Doc. No. 173, 65th Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. For details, see An- nual Report for 1931, page 1837. Terminal facilities. Located at Florence is the port dock which is the principal terminal facility on the river. This dock is 150 feet wide, and 350 feet long, is located about 41/2 miles above the river entrance and accommodates a fish-receiving station at east end of wharf which maintains a winch of 2-ton capacity and sup- plies gasoline, oil, and ice to fishermen. Other facilities at Florence consist of floatways which provide docking facilities for fishing vessels and other small craft. Across the river and below the highway bridge at Glenada are floatways used by small craft. At Cushman, the LaDuke Lumber Company maintains a dock for loading ocean-going barges with packaged lumber. There are also a number of private landings and log booms between Cushman and Mapleton, to accommodate river traffic. These facilities are considered adequate for existing traffic. Operationsand results during fiscal year. No work was accom- plished during the fiscal year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $399.97 deferred charges for maintenance prior fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. Extension of the jetties con- structed under the previous project was completed in 1917; but both jetties have subsided considerably as no maintenance work has been accomplished since 1918. The entire project was com- pleted in 1930. At the close of the fiscal year, controlling depths are 12 feet on the bar, 11 feet to Florence, and 12 feet for a mile above Florence. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1713 Total costs under the existing project have been $542,373, of which $374,888 was for new work and $167,485 for maintenance. In addition, $322,532 was expended for new work from contri- buted funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 t12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --------------------------- ---------- ----------- ------------ $526,589 Cost--------------------------------------------- 526,589 Maintenance: Appropriated ... . $135,500 $300 178,351 Cost-------- ------------------------------------ 135,145 400 178,096 1 Includes $151,701 for new work and $10,611 for maintenance for previous project. 2In addition $322,532 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 19. UMPQUA RIVER, OREG. Location. This river rises in the Cascade Range, flows westerly about 120 miles, and empties into the Pacific Ocean 180 miles south of the mouth of the Columbia River and 465 miles north of San Francisco Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts No. 5802 and 6004.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified in 1886. For further details, see page 2967 of Annual Report for 1898, and page 1732 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a jetty on the north side of the entrance approximately 8,000 feet in length, westerly from the highwater line to the sea; for a south jetty extending to a point 1,800 feet south of the outer end of the north jetty; for dredging to provide a usable entrance channel 26 feet deep, and a river chan- nel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide, from the mouth to Reedsport, a distance of about 11 miles, with a turning basin at Reedsport 1,000 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 22 feet deep; for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from deep water in the river to the vicinity of the docks in Winchester Bay with a mooring and turn- ing basin 12 feet deep, 175 feet wide and 300 feet long at the inner end; and for a channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the main river channel near mile 8 to Gardiner, Oreg., and a turning basin of the same depth, 500 feet wide and 800 feet long, opposite Gardiner. The project was modified in 1954 to provide for a channel in Scholfield River, 12 feet deep at mean lower low water generally 100 feet wide from its confluence with Ump- qua River to a point 0.5 mile below the first railroad bridge, a dis- tance of two miles, the entrance to be widened to 300 feet in a distance of 500 feet. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at the river mouth is 6.9 feet, and the extreme range is about 11 feet. 1714 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The latest (1956) estimated Federal cost of new work is $2,712,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. Total estimated non-Federal cost is $27,200. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $181,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 22, 1922 North jetty, 7,500 feet long......--------------------- H. Doc. 913, 65th Cong., 2d sess. Jan. 21, 1927 Present project dimensions of north jetty and for H. Doc. 320, 69th Cong., 1st sess. dredging the ocean bar. July 3, 1930 For a short south jetty..----------------------------- H. Doc. 317, 79th Cong., 1st sess.' Aug. 30, 1935 For a full length south jetty and maintenance dredg- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing to a 26-foot depth. Doc. 9, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' June 20, 1938 Channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from mouth S. Doc. 158, 75th Cong., 3d sess.1 to Reedsport. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from river S. Doc. 86, 78th Cong., 1st sess.x channel to Gardiner and turning basin 22 feet deep, 500 feet wide and 800 feet long. Do-....... Channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from river S. Doc. 191, 77th Cong., 2d sess.' channel to dock in Winchester Bay with mooring and turning basin 10 feet deep, 175 feet wide and 300 feet long at innner end. June 30, 1948 Channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from river S. Doc. 154, 80th Cong., 2d sess.1 channel to dock in Winchester Bay with mooring and turning basin 12 feet deep, 175 feet wide and 300 feet long at inner end. Sept. 3, 1954 Channel 12 feet deep, Scholfield River------------ S. Doe. 133, 81st Cong., 2d sess.' 1 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation for all work authorized prior to 1945 have been fully complied with. Under the provisions of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, State or other local interests are required, for the Winchester Bay channel, to furnish free of cost to the United States suitable areas for spoil disposal for initial work and subse- quent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvements; construct, maintain, and operate suitable public terminal and mooring facilities with essential utilities and supply services at the basin, open to all on equal terms, and at their own expense maintain project depths within the mooring and turning basin after its construction has been accomplished. These assur- ances have been received' and approved. For the Gardiner Channel local interests have furnished as- surances that the Gardiner mill will be operated to produce an average daily output of 100,000 feet board measure for 300 days per year; that the mill wharf or other suitable wharf will be open to all on equal and reasonable terms; and that they would furnish free of cost to the United States, when and as required, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas for the ini- tial work and for subsequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. Assurances in connection with Gardiner-Channel were approved December 26, 1947. The River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, provides in connection with construction of Scholfield River channel, that local interests contribute in cash RIVERS AND HARBORS--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1715 $10,000 toward the cost of the new work; agree to furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the con- struction and maintenance of the project. Assurances have not yet been requested. Terminal facilities. At Gardiner there is approximately 650 feet of wharf frontage, of which 60 feet is publicly owned. At Reedsport there is about 750 feet of usable wharf frontage, all privately owned. The port of Umpqua owns 1 wharf with 456 feet of water frontage and another with about 75 feet of water frontage which has not been used generally for commercial shipping. On Bolon Island across the river from Reedsport a wharf has been constructed which has about 5 acres of open stor- age for lumber and is available to all on equal terms. At Win- chester Bay, there is a public landing float with a wooden pile and timber shore approach, and a privately-owned wharf used by excursion and commercial fishing vessels. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for present commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Dredg- ing of the project modification consisting of a boat channel to Winchester Bay with a mooring and turning basin, was completed May 1956 by contract, with a total of 91,435 cubic yards of ma- terial removed. A rock ledge encountered on the east side of the channel will be removed in fiscal year 1957 by Government plant and hired labor. Maintenance: Studies concerning channel stabilization at the inner end of the training jetty were continued. First survey was made in spring of 1956. Observations are to be made over a 2- year period. A total of 278,640 cubic yards of material were removed from the entrance bar and inner channel by Government hopper dredge at a cost of $63,267.66. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $10,479.12. Total costs for the fiscal year were $177,484.80, of which $42,193.28 was for new work and $75,291.52 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 98 per- cent complete. The north jetty was completed in 1940. The ex- tension to the original south jetty was completed in 1938 and con- struction of a new training jetty on the south side of the entrance to replace the original south jetty which was partially destroyed by storms was completed in 1951. Dredging of a 22-foot channel from the mouth of the river to Reedsport was completed in 1941. The Gardiner Channel and turning basin was completed in 1949 and the Winchester Bay Channel and mooring basin in 1956. Re- maining to complete the project' is construction of the 12-foot channel in Scholfield River. The controlling depth was 18 feet on the bar, survey of June 1956, and 17 feet from the mouth to Reedsport and 20 feet in the turning basin, survey of May 1956. Total costs under the existing project from Federal funds have 1716 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 been $6,722,450, of which $2,648,004 was for new work and $4,074,446 for maintenance. In addition, $276,500 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 195612 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated - ------------ ------------ ----------------------- $52,000 $2,697,053 Cost------- ----------------------------------------------- 42,193 2,687,246 Maintenance: $37,000 Appropriated--------........ $220,300 $215,300 $167,500 80,000 4,079,396 Cost----------------- 32,787 172,647 265,412 171,253 75,292 4,074,446 1 Includes $39,242 fornew work forprevious project. 2 In addition $276,500 fornew work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ---------- $8,285 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 54,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------- 62,285 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -------------------------- 00 20. COOS BAY, OREG. Location. On the Oregon coast 200 miles south of the mouth of Columbia River and 445 miles north of San Francisco Bay. It is about 13 miles long and 1 mile wide, with an area at high tide of about 15 square miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5802 and 5984.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1879, September 19, 1890, and August 18, 1894. For further details, see page 1987 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1728 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for 2 rubble-mound, high tide jetties at the entrance; a channel across the outer bar 40 feet deep at mean lower low water, and of suitable width with dimensions reduced gradually to Guano Rock; a channel 30 feet deep at mean lower low water and generally 300 feet wide thence to the mouth of Isthmus Slough; turning basins of the same depth and 1,000 feet long and 600 feet wide opposite Coalbank Slough and at the city of North Bend; anchorage basins 600 feet wide by 2,000 feet long at mile 3.5 and near mile 7; a channel 22 feet deep and 150 feet wide from Smith's Mill (mouth of Isthmus Slough) to Milling- ton, a mooring basin, about 500 feet by 900 feet, for small boats at Charleston, with a connecting channel, 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide, to deep water in Coos Bay, and the construction of a protect- ing breakwater and a bulkhead. The plan of reference is mean lower low water. The mean of the higher high water above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal range at the entrance are 7 feet and about 11 feet, respec- tively, and at Coos Bay 7.3 feet and 11 feet respectively. The estimated Federal cost (1956) for new work is $8,131,000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1717 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. Estimated non-Federal cost is $88,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $654,500, not including repairs to jetties. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Dredging the ocean bar channel.....----------------- H. Doc. 958, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1919 A channel 22 feet deep to Smith's mill------------- H. Doc. 325, 65th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Restoration of the north jetty, 9,600 feet long, con- H. Doc. 150, 67th Cong., 2d sess. struction of a south jetty about 3,900 feet long, extension of the 22-foot bay channel from Smith's mill to Millington. Jan. 21, 1927 Extension of the jetties to such lengths as may be practicable within the estimate of total cost of the jetties, $3,250,000, as given in the former document (H. Doc. 150, 67th Cong.). 1 July 3, 1930 A channel 24 feet deep and 300 feet wide through H. Doc. 110, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Pigeon Point Reef, following a location along the westerly side of the bay. Aug. 30, 1935 For the 24-foot channel from Pigeon Point Reef to Senate committee print, 73d Cong., Smith's mill and a turning basin above Marshfield. 2d sess.' July 24, 1946 For increased dimensions of channel across the bar S. Doc. 258, 79th Cong., 2d sess. and to Isthmus slough and turning basin opposite Coalbank slough and at city of North Bend; an- chorage basins at mile 3.5 and near mile 7. June 30, 1948 For a mooring basin and connecting channel at H. Doc. 646, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Charleston. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Assurances of cooperation required by provisions of the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, have been fully complied with. The River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948, in connection with Charleston Channel, provides that local interests (1) furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas required for both new work and subse- quent maintenance; (2) agree to construct, maintain, and operate adequate mooring facilities within the basin, and a public landing with suitable utility and supply facilities, without profit and open to all on equal and equitable terms; (3) maintain the bulkhead and maintain project depths within the mooring basin; (4) agree to hold and save the United States free from any claims for dam- ages which might result from execution of this improvement; (5) contribute $40,800 to defray one-half of the estimated cost of con- structing the bulkhead; and (6) hold for the free use of the public as a roadway, promenade, or landing, a strip at least 100 feet wide, adjacent to and landward of the bulkhead along the northerly, easterly, and southerly sides of the filled area. Assurances of cooperation have been received and approved. Terminal facilities. At North Bend there is a municipal wharf 649 feet long fronting on the channel and about 1,400 feet of privately owned mill wharves, and 3 oil docks in the vicinity. At Coos Bay there is a privately owned wharf with a frontage of 1,310 feet, 500 feet of which was constructed in 1952, open to the public on equal terms; several small landings for fishing boats and harbor craft; and 2 lumber docks with 1,300-foot and 596-foot frontages, respectively. At Eastside, on Isthmus Slough, there is a 200-foot 1718 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 wharf to accommodate coastal lumber schooners and about 42 miles above Eastside on Isthmus Slough, there is a newly con- structed mill wharf served by oceangoing barges. At Empire there is a privately owned lumber wharf with a frontage of 545 feet. About 11/ miles below Empire there is a privately owned lumber and pulp mill wharf with a frontage of 410 feet. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. At Charleston there are 2 wharves, 1 public and 1 private, with usable area of 1,200 square feet and 2,400 square feet, respec- tively, each equipped with facilities for servicing fishing craft. A float landing extends some 200 feet north of the private wharf. Present facilities are congested and inadequate to accommodate the boats operating in the vicinity. A privately owned floating moorage located on Joe Ney Slough has facilities for mooring approximately 50 fishing vessels. Dur- ing stormy season, vessels from Charleston seek shelter at these moorings, which are entirely inadequate during these periods. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Con- struction of the project modification providing for a stone break- water and dredging of a small boat basin at Charleston, was initiated by contract March 15, 1956. The breakwater was com- pleted June 19, with a total of 67,453 tons of jetty stone placed. Dredging of the boat basin and connecting channel was in progress at the end of the fiscal year with a total of 210,000 cubic yards of material removed. Maintenance: Dredging of the bay channel initiated in fiscal year 1955 by contract was completed in July 1955 with a total of 550,982 cubic yards of material removed during that month. A contract for fiscal year 1957 inner bay channel dredging was awarded in June 1956. Government plant removed 1,136,640 cubic yards of material from the bar channel at a cost of $241,193.82. Condition surveys of the entrance and bar channel were made at a cost of $24,580.29. Total costs for the fiscal year were $794,968.05, of which $273,923.41 was for new work and $521,044.64 for maintenance. In addition $40,800 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 97 per- cent complete. The south jetty was completed in 1928, the north jetty in 1929, and the 24-foot channel in 1937. Excavation of the channel to a depth of 30 feet and generally 300 feet wide from the entrance to Isthmus Slough was completed in 1951. Dredging of the outer bar channel to a depth of 40 feet, decreasing to 30 feet at Guano Rock, was completed in 1952. Construction of the project modification at Charleston is 66 percent complete. The controlling depth on the bar is 24 feet and from the entrance to Coos Bay 25 feet, survey of May 1956. Total costs under the existing project have been $15,987,429, of which $7,869,030 was for new work and $8,118,399 for mainte- nance. In addition, $43,513 was expended for new work and $8,387 for maintenance from contributed funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1719 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ......------ ----- $2,457 ---------............ ---------------------- $236,000 ' $8,633,203 Cost---------------- $20,465 -------- --- ----- 273,923 8,671,126 Maintenance: Appropriated ------.... 111,286 465,000 $494,800 $484,612 450,000 8,469,715 Cost ---------------- 211,802 453,058 473,033 274,761 521,044 8,297,199 1Includes $802,096 for new work and $178,801 for maintenance for previous project. 2 In addition $43,513 for new work and $8,387 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. 3 Includes costs applied against borrowed funds of $60,000 received in fiscal year 1956. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ____--- -$38, 236 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------------------------- 261, 764 21. COQUILLE RIVER, OREG. Location. This river rises in the Coast Range, flows in a gen- eral westerly direction for about 100 miles, and empties into the Pacific Ocean at Bandon, Oreg., 225 miles south of the mouth of the Columbia River and 420 miles north of San Francisco Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5802 and 5971.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1986 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 1727 of the Annual Re- port for 1938. Existing project. This provides for 2 rubble-mound high tide jetties at the river mouth, the south jetty 2,700 feet long and the north 3,450 feet; and for a channel 13 feet at mean lower low water and of suitable width from the sea to a point 1 mile above the old Coquille River Lighthouse, and for snagging to the State highway bridge at the city of Coquille. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at the mouth is 6.8 feet and the extreme range about 10 feet. The actual cost for new work is $316,640, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1953) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $50,000 for dredging and snagging. There is no approved estimate for maintenance of jetties which were constructed under the previous project. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1720 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Dredging shoals between the mouth and Riverton, H. Doc. 673, 61st Cong., 2d sess. and removing obstructions between the mouth of the North Fork and Bandon. Mar. 2, 1919 For a 15-foot channel from the ocean to Bandon-..... H. Doec. 207, 65th Cong., 1st sess.1 July 3, 1930 Deepening the channel to 16 feet between the sea and H. Doc. 186, 70th Cong., 1st sess. the eastern end of the north jetty. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project depth between the sea and the east- Senate committee print, 74th ern end of the north jetty. Cong., 1st sess. t Mar. 2, 1945 For 13-foot depth from sea to a point 1 mile above H. Doc. 872, 76th Cong., 2d sess. Coquille River Lighthouse and snagging to State highway bridge. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. At Bandon there is one privately-owned lumber wharf suitable for handling coastwise vessels. There is a publicly owned wharf open to all on equal terms. These facilities are adequate for the present commerce. Above Bandon, there are numerous log booms and rollways on the navigable waterway. Operations and results during fiscal year. A total of 43,046 cubic yards of material was removed by Government hopper dredge from the bar and entrance channel at a cost of $28,036.52. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $4,075.71. Contract plans and specifications were completed covering re- pair of the north jetty. Bids will be opened and the work ini- tiated early in fiscal year 1957. Total costs for the fiscal year were $35,074.68. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1933. The jetties were completed in 1908 and the en- trance channel in 1933. The north jetty was reconstructed in 1942 and a 750-foot extension to the easterly end was constructed in 1951. Repair of the south jetty was accomplished in 1954. The controlling depth on the bar is 121/2 feet and in the entrance channel, 12 feet, survey of May 1956. Total costs from Federal funds under the existing project have been $1,505,482, of which $316,640 was for new work and $1,188,842 for maintenance. In addition, $72,891 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated- --- ------------------------------------------ ------------ $657,366 Cost ------ ------------ ------------ --- ---------------------- ------------ 657,366 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------ -$617 $20,300 $153,700 $114,500 $36, 000 1,233,416 Cost----------------- 2,101 20,937 19,120 248,214 35,075 1,230,309 1Includes $340,726 for new work and $41,467 for maintenance for previous project. 2 In addition $72,891 for new work was expended from contributed funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1721 22. NAVIGATION PROJECTS ON WHICH RECONNAISSANCE AND CONDITION SURVEYS ONLY WERE CONDUCTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR Cost during Date reconnaissance or Name of project fiscal year condition survey 1956 conducted Chetco River, Oreg. ..-------------------------------------- $119.10 April 1956 Clatskanie River, Oreg....--------------------------------------- 69.76 May 1956 Coos and Millicoma Rivers, Oreg ------------------------------ 301.74 March 1956 Multnomah Channel, Oreg ---------------------------------- 35.96 January 1956 Oregon Slough, Oreg.............-.-.-.. --............. 48.30 January 1956 Salmon River, Oreg. .-....----..... ---.-....... -.. -...-.... 207.57 April 1956 Siuslaw River, Oreg_. ------------ --------------. _......._ 905.57 June 1956 Skipanon Channel, Oreg--,s----------------- 138.32 March 1956 Westport Slough, Oreg._ -------------------------------------- 123.28 December 1955 Youngs Bay and River, Oreg--- h --- s---_ , --------..- 68.56 May 1956 Columbia River between Chinook, Wash. and head of Sand Island_ ------------------------------------------- 512.16 April 1956 Deep River, Wash.--------------_______ _ 114.46 March 1956 Elokomin Slough, Wash-----------------.---------- 14.84 August 1955 Grays River, Wash ----------------------------------------- 113.92 March 1956 Lewis River, Wash_---------.......................-..... . 69.84 January 1956 Total costs for the fiscal year_. .....-................ ____- -- $2,843.38 23. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual quired to Report Operation complete for- Construction and mainte- nance 1. The Cascades - - - - - - - -Columbia - - - - - -Canal, - - - - - - - - - -River, -- -- -- - Oreg.o s1 1939 $3,903,780 $559, 858 Completed. 2. Bridges across the Columbia at Cascade Lock and Hood River, Oreg .....-------- - 1944 1,081,806 -------------- Do. 3. Oregon Slough (North Portland Harbor, Greg.) 3------------------------------_ 1936 416,881 4 12,576 Do. 4. Columbia Slough, Oreg----------------_- 2 - - -- - - - 1953_ ------------------------ -$1,150,000 5. Multnomah Channel, Oreg. .. . ... . . 1949 18,112 61 Completed. 2 6. Lewis River, Wash. ....................... 2 - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - 1950 35,880 74,929 Do. 7. Clatskanie River, Oreg. . 1949 3,703 79,833 Do. 8. Skamokawa Creek, Wash.-_-------.--.... - 1950 2,400 35,344 Do. 9. Skamokawa (Steamboat Slough, Wash.) 6__,_ 1932 1- ......--.. .......-------... 40,000 10. Columbia River, between Chinook, Wash., and head of Sand Island ..................- 2 - 1955 40, 000 14107,802 8 240,000 11. Youngs Bay and Youngs River, Oreg. ..... 1949 9,348 259 Completed. 12. Elokomin Slough, Wash.2 ..------------------ 1943 18,641 437 Do. 13. Westport Slough, Oreg.........-...--...----. 1953 16,276 68,111 187,724 14. Grays River, Wash.2.................---- 1951 2,500 6,002 Completed. 15. Deep River, Wash......................-... - 1950 15,384 12,436 Do. 16. Salmon River, Oreg_.......----------------- 1949 2,145 ------------- Do. 17. Nehalem Bay, Oreg....-------------------_ 6- - - - 1955 10302,006 12,656 Do. 18. Bayocean Peninsula, Oreg. ........... ... 1945 .............. 280,000 19. Chetco River, Oreg................... --. 1950 6 425,000 20. Coos and Millicoma Rivers, Oreg............ 1950 8,000 85,154 11487,000 21. Skipanon Channel, Oreg..--------------- - 1954 130,119 280,532 12 184,881 22. Rogue River Harbor, Gold Beach, Oreg -----.-----------.............. ... 1 3,950,000 1 Project abandoned due to flooding by Bonneville pool. 2 Channel adequate for present commerce. 3 Abandonment of the project was recommended in 1916 (H. Doc. 580, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). 4 In addition, $24,556 was expended from contributed funds, $17,556 for new work and $7,000 for maintenance. 6 Local interests are to contribute two-thirds of the costs or not to exceed $20,000. 6 Classified inactive. Latest cost estimate revision-1954. 7 Non-Federal costs are $356,800. 8 Non-Federal costs are $12,000. 8 Non-Federal costs are $45,000. to In addition $304,826 was expended from contributed funds for new work. 11 Non-Federal costs are $97,000. 12Non-Federal costs are $307,000. 1a Non-Federal costs are $165,900. 14 Total costs to June 30, 1956, corrected. 1722 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF. ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 24. WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, PORTLAND, OREG. DISTRICT Location. The Willamette River is formed by the Coast and Middle Forks which join a few miles above Eugene, Oreg., flows north 189 miles, and enters the Columbia River 101.5 miles above its mouth. The basin has an area of 11,200 square miles and lies between the Cascade range on the east and the coast range on the west. The major tributaries of the Willamette River rise in the Cascade Mountains and consist of the Coast and Middle Forks and the McKenzie, Calapooya, Santiam, Molalla, and Clackamas Rivers. The important tributaries' that head in the coast range are the Luckiamute, Yamhill, and Tualatin Rivers. Minor tribu- taries, all of which enter the main stream from the west, are Marys River, Rickreall Creek, and Long Tom River. Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control, naviga- tion, and other purposes in the Willamette River Basin, as set forth in House Document No. 544, 75th Congress, 3d session, and authorized $11,300,000 for the initiation and partial accomplish- ment of the plan recommended for initial development; the reser- voirs and related works to be selected by the Chief of Engineers. Subsequent Flood Control Acts, 1941 through 1954, authorized ad- ditional flood control and other works and increased the monetary authority to $463,300,000 for the Columbia River Basin, including the Willamette River Basin. The reservoirs and the other improvements included in the Willamette River Basin comprehensive plan are as follows: Estimated Federal Project Authorizing act cost-1956 - -- -- -- - - -- -- -- -- Amazon Creek, Ore._ July 24, 1946, S. Doe. 138, 79th Cong., $1,168,000 2d sess.; May 17, 1950, H. Doe. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess.; Sept. 3, 1954, S. Doec. 131, 83rd Cong., 2d sess. Cottage Grove Reservoir, Coast Fork_ ... June 28, 1938, H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., * 2,373,294 3d sess. Dorena Reservoir, Row R.1---- .-------------- do-. ------------------------------- * 13,517,101 Fern Ridge Reservoir, Long Tom River .....do--_ _-------------------------- * 4,495,780 Lookout Point Reservoir, including Dex- 1 June 28, 1938, H. Doc.544, 75th Cong., 87,870,000 ter Regulating Dam, Middle Fork. 3d sess. and May 17, 1950, H. Doc.531, - 81st Cong., 2d sess. Hills Creek Reservoir, Middle Fork .....May 17, 1950, H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 34,500,000 2d sess. Fall Creek Reservoir, Middle Fork ........... do ---------.--------..... ........ 18,800,000 Cougar Reservoir, South Fork McKenzie June 28, 1938, H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 39,900,000 R.x a 3d sess. and Sept. 3, 1954, S.Doc.131, 83d Cong., 2d sess. Blue River Reservoir, McKenzie Basins_ June 28, '38, H. Doc.544, 75th Cong., 3d 13,700,000 sess. Gate Creek Reservoir, McKenzie Basin2 s Cascadia1 Reservoir, South Santiam River. 4 Not authorized- _......-...--.-...-.-. Not authorized --......---...-. --... - --- 13,800,000 25,200,000 Wiley Creek Reservoir, South Santiam Not authorized--------------------------...... 8,070,000 Basin.2 4 Green Peter Reservoir, including White June 28, 1938, H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 58,400,000 Bridge Reregulating 1 Dam, Middle 3d sess.; Sept. 3, 1954, S.Doe. 131, 83d Santiam River. 4 Cong., 2d sess. Detroit Reservoir, including Big Cliff June 28, 1938, H. Doe. 544, 75th Cong., 62,660,000 Reregulating 1 Dam, North Santiam 3d sess. and June 30, 1948, PL 858. River. - Holley Reservoir, Calapooya River .... May 17, 1950, H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 12,500,000 2d sess. Waldo Lake Tunnel and Reregulating May 17, 1950, H. Doe. 531, 81st Cong., 922,000 Works, North Fork, Middle Fork 2nd sess. Willamette River.s d Channel Improvements for Flood Con- .....do.---.----.----.. . . .-------.. . 14,800,000 trol and Major Drainage on 16 Streams Tributary to Willamette River.' FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1723 Estimated Federal Project Authorizing act cost--1956 Pudding River, Oreg...-- -----.....-. Aug. 18, 1941, S. Doc. 185, 76th Cong., $6,640,000 3d sess. and May 17, 1950, H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Johnson Creek, Ore_ .-....-..--....---.. May 17, 1950, H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 522,000 2d sess. Floodwalls and levees, Portland, Ore.---........----do_------------------- 18,900,000 Willamette River Bank Protection (in- June 22, 1936, Special Rpt. Div. Engr., 11,600,000 eluding bank protection on 77 addi- June 28, 1938, H. Doc.544, 75th Cong., tional locations on Willamette River 3d sess., May 17, 1950, H. Doc. 531, and 94 locations on major tributaries.)' 81st Cong., 2d sess. Channel Clearing and Snagging on Willa- May 17, 1950, H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2,480,000 mette River and major tributaries. - - 2d sess. Willamette Falls Fish Ladder .. ........ .....do---- ------------------------------ 227,000 New Willamette Falls Navigation lock, June 28,1938, and March 2, 1945, H. Doc. Willamette River at Oregon City' 6..... 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Open River Navigation 2 Improvement, June 28, 1938, H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., Willamette River. 6 3d sess. 21See individual report for details of this project. Not yet selected for construction. See H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess. for details. 8 Proposed for construction in lieu of originally authorized Quartz Creek Reservoir. 4 Proposed for construction in lieu of originally authorized Sweet Home Reservoir. Reauthorized as a River and Harbor project by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. 6 Included under River and Harbor project, "Willamette River above Portland and Yamhbill River, Oreg." 7 Project deferred for restudy. * Actual cost. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies to reservoir projects. Local cooperation for other projects is shown in individual reports for those proj- ects. Operations and results during fiscal year. The progress of pre- liminary work and status of operations on projects selected for construction are given in individual reports for those projects. No costs were incurred other than those shown under the indivi- dual reports. Condition at end of fiscal year. The following projects have been completed and are in continuous operation: Fern Ridge Reservoir was completed in August 1951; Cottage Grove Reser- voir, March 1952; and Dorena Reservoir, October 1952. The Detroit and the Lookout Point Reservoir projects are complete except for miscellaneous items of minor construction and improve- ment, and are in operation for flood control and power generation purposes. Construction of Hills Creek and Cougar Reservoirs has been initiated. Advance planning for construction of Green Peter Reservoir project was in progress during the fiscal year. Details of operation, and construction, and the financial status of the projects are given in the individual reports. During the low-water season, July-September, supplemental water releases are made from the Willamette River Basin reser- voirs for conservation purposes. Interests which benefit from the increased downstream flows include irrigation, navigation, power, pollution abatement, and recreation. Although optimum regula- tion cannot be provided for every conservation interest, water re- leased from the reservoirs during the low-water season for a parti- cular purpose will usually provide benefits to other conservation uses as well. The basic policy is to provide the most beneficial overall regulation, consistent with established water-use priorities. The following table summarizes the status of projects authorized under "Willamette River Basin, Portland, Oregon District." Total new Cost to June 30, 1956 Approved work allot- Percent Project 1956 esti- ments to completed Construction data mated cost 6-30-1956 New work Maintenance Cottage Grove Reservoir............... 0 $2,373,294 $2,373,294 $2,373, 294 $344,081 100 Started in August 1940. Dam completed and in operation in Sept. 1942. Project completed March 28, 1952. H Dorena Reservoir_..................... 13,517,101 13,517,101 13,517,101 217,357 100 Relocations started in June 1941. Dam and reservoir com- pleted and in operation in October 1949. Project complete 0 October 1952. Lookout Point Reservoir, including 87,870,000 87,870,000 85,865,203 451,141 98 Construction of project initiated May 1947 and essentially Dexter Reregulating Dam. complete June 1956. y Hills Creek Reservoir_................. 34,500,000 1,070,500 965,826 3 Construction initiated fiscal year 1956. Fall Creek Reservoir------------.__- 18,800,000 - i-- Cougar Reservoir___________ 39,900,000 a 715, 500 610,948 Construction initiated fiscal year 1956. Blue River Reservoir---............-.. 1 13,700,000 2 96,000 96,000 .............. Ll Gate Creek Reservoir _............ 13,800,000 295,000 95,000 Cascadia Reservoir 1_............. 25,200,000 2 112,000 112,000 Wiley Creek Reservoir 1 _-............ 8,070,000 2 112,000 112,000 Green Peter Reservoir including White 58,400,000 4215,371 201,619 Planning initiated fiscal year 1954. Bridge Reregulating Dam. Fern Ridge Reservoir.................. 4,495,780 4,495,780 4,495,780 527,355 .............. 100 Construction started in April 1940. Dam and reservoir in operation in 1942. Project completed August 1951. Holley Reservoir_...................... 12,500,000 Detroit Reservoir and Big Cliff Re- 62,660,000 62,660,000 62,284,864 741,446 99 Construction of project initiated May 1947 and essentially C) regulating Dam. Waldo Lake tunnel and reregulating 922,000 .............. -------------- -- - -- -.. -- - -- complete June 1956. 52 - z works. Willamette Falls fish ladder-............ 227,000 ------------------- 621,700- .............- Li Amazon Creek, Oreg................... 1,168,000 621,700 620,160 52 Construction was initiated August 14, 1951. Two flood con- trol units of the authorized plan are complete. Pudding River, Oreg_ 6,640,000 5,000 5,000 Johnson Creek at Portland---- ............ 522,000 27,000 17,522.............. .. . 52". Planning initiated fiscal year 1956. Flood wall and levees at Portland...... 18,900,000 6,002,424 Project deferred for restudy. Willamette River Basin Bank Protec- 11,600,000 5,985,860 1,054, 912 Construction was initiated in 1938. tion. Channel improvements for flood con- 14,800,000 ..............- .............-- trol and major drainage on 16 tribu- taries to Willamette River. Channel clearing and snagging on Wil- 2,480,000 ..--------------...---.. . lamette River and major tributaries. Total_........................... 453,045,175 180,988,670 1 177,156,558 3,336,292 39 1 Conditionally authorized. 3 Includes $96,000 prorata cost of site selection studies. 01 2 Prorata cost of site selection studies. 4 Includes $113,000 prorata cost of site selection studies. FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1725 25. AMAZON CREEK, OREG. Location. On Amazon Creek, a tributary of Long Tom River in the vicinity of and below the city of Eugene, Oreg. Existing project. This provides for flood control and major drainage by the construction of improvements upstream from Clear Lake consisting of an enlarged channel through the city of Eugene including 5,800 feet of channel having a concrete lining and guard rail, an improved channel from Eugene to a diversion struc- ture about 3 miles upstream from Clear Lake, and a diversion structure and diversion canal therefrom to Fern Ridge Reservoir. The estimated Federal cost (1956) is $1,168,000. The estimated non-Federal cost is $388,000. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 24, 1946 Channel improvement through Eugene Oreg., diver- S. Doc. 138, 79th Cong., 2d sess. sion canal and drainage ditches. May 17, 1950 Addition of major drainage outlets for low lying lands H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess. as well as flood control. Sept. 3, 1954 Elimination of channel improvement downstream S. Doc. 131, 83d Cong., 2d sess.' from Clear Lake, all drainage laterals and provi- sion of concrete-lined channel in Eugene, Oreg. 1 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954, provided that local interests contribute toward the cost of construction of works in the city of Eugene a sum equal to 11.5 percent of the total construction cost and give assurance satisfac- tory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the project; construct all necessary bridges; and make all necessary utility relocations and revisions; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (c) maintain and operate the project after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have furnished assurances of cooperation for the project as originally authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. Operations and results during fiscal year. A "Design Memo- randum" covering the work remaining to complete the project which consists of the construction of 5,800 feet of concrete-lined channel and some channel improvement upstream in the city of Eugene, Oregon, was submitted for approval March 16, 1956. Preparation of contract plans and specifications was essentially complete at the end of the fiscal year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $22,460.08. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated August 1951 is 52 percent complete. Two units of the project, consisting of improvement below the Lane County Fair- grounds and diversion into Fern Ridge Reservoir have been com- 1726 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 pleted and released to local interests for operation and mainte- nance. Construction of the third and remaining unit of the proj- ect will be initiated by contract early in fiscal year 1957. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $620,160. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------.......---------------............-------............$245,000 -$19,300 $24,000 $621,700 Cost--------------- $297, 578 $26,277 180,110 34,367 22,460 620,160 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $1, 540 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 100, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ ______ __ __------------- 101, 540 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ___ ____-------------- 446,300 26. HILLS CREEK RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, ORE G. Location. On the middle fork Willamette River, 47.8 miles from the mouth and 26.5 miles upstream from the Lookout Point Dam. The middle fork Willamette River rises on the west slope of the Cascade Range and flows northwesterly to its junction with the coast fork Willamette River 4 miles southeast of Eugene, Oreg., to form the main Willamette River. The location of the dam is about 45 miles southeast from Eugene,Oreg. The drainage area above the dam site is 389 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of an earth-and-gravelfill dam about 2,150 feet long at the crest and 338 feet high above the foundation. A gated spill- way of the straight chute type with a flip bucket will be located in the right abutment. The dam will form a reservoir about 8.5 miles long, with a usable storage capacity of 249,000 acre-feet at full pool. A diversion tunnel, an outlet tunnel, and a power tunnel will be located in the right abutment. A stilling basin to still the discharge from the flood control outlets will be located between the spillway flip bucket and the earth dam. A powerplant with two 15,000 kilowatt units will be located on the opposite side of the spillway. The Hills Creek Reservoir project is an integral unit of the comprehensive plan for development of the water resources of the Willamette River Basin. The Hills Creek and Lookout Point reservoirs will be operated as a unit for control of floods and generation of power on the Middle Fork Willamette River. These reservoirs, in conjunction with the Dexter reregulating dam and the Fall Creek flood control reservoir, will effectively control floods on the Middle Fork and provide maximum efficient genera- tion of hydroelectric power. FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1727 The Hills Creek Reservoir project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. The estimated cost (1956) is $8,211,000 for lands and damages includings relocations, and $26,289,000 for construction, a total of $34,500,000. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated May 20, 1956, with the start of clearing operations at the damsite area. At the end of May, under a second contract, excavation at the downstream portal of the di- version tunnel was initiated. Clearing of 66 acres in the reservoir area was started in June under a third construction contract. Preparation and submission of "design memoranda" were con- tinued during the year. Planning and engineering were also in progress for proposed road relocation work and for construction of the dam and outlet works and the power intake works. Costs for the fiscal year were $373,249.54. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated May 1956. Clearing of the dam site and adjacent areas is 35 percent complete. Construction of the river diversion tun- nel is 5 percent complete. Preparation of contract plans and specifications covering construction of the dam and appurtenant works is in progress. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $965,826. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1953 1954 1955 1952 New work: Appropriated..-------- $165,000 $155,000 $142,500 $133,000 $310,000 1 $905,500 Cost.. ............ -46,971 252,736 141,877 150,992 1373,250 1965,825 1 Includes costs applied against borrowed funds of$165,000 received infiscal year 1956. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ ... -- $158,218 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------------- 2, 125, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------- 1, 966, 782 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------------31, 469, 500 27. LOOKOUT POINT RESERVOIR (MERIDIAN SITE), WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On the middle fork Willamette River at meridian site, 21.3 miles from the mouth. The middle fork Willamette River rises in Lane County on the western slope of the Cascade range and flows northwesterly to its junction with the coast fork, which is the head of the main stem Willamette River. The dam site is approximately 22 miles southeast from Eugene, Oreg. The drainage area tributary to the reservoir is 991 square miles. 1728 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a main dam at Meridian site and a reregulating dam 3 miles downstream at Dexter site. Both dams are earth- and-gravel-fills with concrete gravity spillways and have power- generating facilities. The main dam has a height of 258 feet from foundation to dock and is 3,381 feet long at the crest, form- ing a reservoir 14.2 miles long providing usable storage of 349,400 acre-feet at full pool level. The spillway, 274 feet long, is a gate-controlled overflow type, forming the right abutment. Out- let works consisting of slide-gate controlled conduits pass through the spillway section. The powerhouse has 3 main generating units with a capacity of 120,000 kilowatts. The reregulating dam has a maximum height of 107 feet above the foundation and is 2,765 feet long at the crest, forming a pool extending upstream to the main dam and providing pondage to regulate Lookout Point powerhouse water releases to a uniform discharge. The spillway consists of a gate-controlled overflow section 509 feet long form- ing the right abutment. Flow regulation will be accomplished by use of the spillway gates and releases through the powerhouse, which contains one 15,000-kilowatt unit. Lookout Point and Dexter Dams will be operated as a single unit of a coordinated system of dams to protect Willamette River Val- ley against floods, to provide needed hydroelectric power, and to increase low water flows for navigation, irrigation, and other pur- poses. The existing project, authorized as a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Willamette River Basin, was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, House Document 544, 75th Congress, 3d session. The Flood Con- trol Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recreational facilities and the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d ses- sion, modified the project to provide for power generating facili- ties. The estimated cost (1956) is $37,684,500 for lands and damages including relocations, and $50,185,500 for construction, a total of $87,870,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of opera- tion is $430,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project was in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year. In addition to ordinary maintenance and repair, miscellaneous items of construc- tion and improvement were accomplished. Access roads and park- ing areas were completed at both Lookout Point and Dexter Dams. Debris cleanup was completed at both reservoirs. In June 1956 additional cleanup of debris from Lookout Point Reservoir was started by contract. Construction of recreational facilities at the Signal Point area was completed. A 15-ton mobile crane was acquired for project use. Modification of spillway stoplogs and lifting beam was completed, and at the end of the fiscal year a con- tract was awarded for miscellaneous electrical and mechanical work at both Lookout Point and Dexter Dams. FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1729 During the fiscal year 1956 a total of 539,870,000 kilowatt-hours of electrical power energy was generated at the project, of which 538,350,000 kilowatt-hours was delivered to Bonneville Power Administration. Three main floods were registered during the fiscal year 1956 in the Middle Fork Willamette Basin. However, due to regula- tion of Lookout Point and Dexter Dams, only slight flooding was reported during one of these floods. Conservation filling of the reservoir was delayed to provide space for runoff from an above- normal snowpack and to deliver more power to Bonneville Power Administration. On November 19, 1955, a storm caused an inflow into Lookout Point Reservoir of 24,000 c. f. s., but a regulated outflow of about 1,500 c. f. s. kept the lower Middle Fork and Upper Willamette Rivers from flooding. The flood of December 21-22, 1955, was of much greater magnitude and reached a peak inflow into Lookout Point Reservoir of 76,000 c. f. s. The storing of the floodwaters filled the reservoir to a peak elevation of 922.35 or about 92 per- cent of full pool. Slight flooding in the Middle Fork Willamette River below the dam resulted from this storm, but damage was negligible. The last storm on January 15, 1956, had a peak flow of 36,000 c. f. s. into the reservoir but regulated outflow from the dam held the Middle Fork Willamette River below the dam at 21,000 c. f. s. with no apparent damage. Conservation filling of the reservoir began on February 1, 1956. A deviation from the filling schedule was begun on March 23, 1956, to conserve space for the above-normal snowpack runoff and at the same time provide more water for needed generation. The reservoir reached maximum conservation pool, elevation 926, on May 23, 1956. Toward the end of June 1956 the pool was raised to elevation 927.5, one and one-half feet above maximum conserva- tion pool, and held at approximately that elevation for the purpose of clearing debris in the Lookout Point Reservoir. A total of 48,050 persons visited the reservoir area for recrea- ,tional purposes during the fiscal year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $816,276.07, of which $450,214.65 was for new work and $366,061.42 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated May 1947 is complete except for the accomplishment of minor items of modification and improvement. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $86,316,344, of which $85,865,203 has been for new work and $451,141 for operation and maintenance. Power production and revenues. During the fiscal year 1956 a total of 539,870,000 kilowatt-hours were generated of which 1,493,000 kilowatt-hours were used for operation of the project and 538,350,000 kilowatt-hours were delivered to the Bonneville Power Administration, the Marketing Agency, for disposition. Revenues allocated to the project for the year amounted to $1,900,011.62 (11.62 paid to U. S. Treasury by Corps of Engi- neers) of which $228,208.77 was for repayment of operating ex- 1730 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 penses applicable to power, $1,029,062.30 for repayment of interest expense applicable to power and $642,740.55 for amortization of construction costs, including replacements applicable to power. Of a total of $86,316,343.50 expended to date on the project for construction, operation and maintenance and replacements, the amount of $38,597,297.71 or 45 percent has been for direct and allocated portions of power features. Summary of governmental investments and expenses for power purposes as of June 30, 1956 and repayments thereon are tabulated below: Investment Construction costs (including interest dur- ing construction) ------------------- $41,306, 961.53 Replacement (net retirements)--------- 0. 00 Total cost of fixed plant----------------- 41,306, 961.53 Net other assets , 552. 10 1------------------------- Total capital investment----------------------- $41,308, 513.63 Expenses Operation and maintenance (excluding de- preciation) ------------------------------ 291, 937. 61 Interest ------------------------------ 1, 394, 436. 92 Total expenses ---------------------------------- 1, 686, 374. 53 42, 994, 888. 16 Repayments Total expense (currently repaid) - -.... 1, 686, 374.53 Amortization of capital investment (includ- ing depreciation) --- 013, 637. 09 1,-------------------, Total repayments------------------------------ 2, 700, 011. 62 Net remaining capital investment to be repaid----------- 40, 294, 876. 54 $42, 994, 888. 16 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $16,000,000 $18,000,000 $17,166,620 1-$306,320 $3,000,000 $87,870,000 20,264,238 13,390,027 16,325,235 Cost--------------................. 5,649,148 450,215 85,865,203 Maintenance: Appropriated........------------........................ ------------------------ 93,600 401,000 494,600 Cost................. -------- ------------------------------------ 85,080 366,061 451,141 1$200,000 appropriated in fiscal year 1956, $506,320 surplus to the project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--------$615, 073 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---------------- --------------------- 615, 073 FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1731 28. COTTAGE GROVE RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On the Coast Fork of Willamette River, 29 miles from the mouth. The Coast Fork rises in Douglas County, Oreg., on the western slope of the Cascade Range and the northern slope of the Calapooya Range, flows north for 49 miles, and unites with the Middle Fork to form the main Willamette River. The drain- age area tributary to this reservoir is 104 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of an earthfill dam, 1,650 feet long at the crest, rising 95 feet above the stream bed, with a reservoir providing for usable storage of 30,000 acre-feet. The spillway, 264 feet long, is a con- crete, gravity, overflow type forming the right abutment. Outlet works, consisting of three gate-controlled conduits, pass through the spillway section. The reservoir is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system to protect the Willamette River Valley and to increase low water flow for navigation. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Willamette River Basin, contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recreational facilities. The actual cost for new work is $1,821,793.94 for construction and $551,500 for lands and damages, a total of $2,373,293.94. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of opera- tion and maintenance is $35,700. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The dam and reser- voir were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year, with ordinary maintenance accomplished as required. A total of 36,891 persons visited the reservoir area for recreational pur- poses. With the exception of the December 1955 flood, the functioning of the reservoir was about normal during the fiscal year. The peak inflow into the reservoir on December 22, 1955, was estimated at 8,000 c. f. s. and the outflow at the same time was 2,000 c. f. s. The peak pool elevation reached during the storing of floodwaters was 791.51, 0.51 foot above the free overflow spill- way. However, at no time did the regulated outflow go above 3,100 c. f. s. Other freshets that occurred later were completely controlled on Coast Fork Willamette River. Reservoir releases during August-September 1955, in coordina- tion with releases from other reservoirs in the Willamette River Basin, substantially increased the low natural flows of Coast Fork and Willamette Rivers in the interest of navigation, and for other purposes. Conservation filling of Cottage Grove began February 1, 1956, and the scheduled pool elevation was maintained all through the filling season, with the exception of the period 20 February-2 1732 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 March 1956 when floodwater from a freshet was stored and regulated from the reservoir. The reservoir reached its maxi- mum conservation pool elevation 790 on May 18, 1956, as sched- uled. Total costs for the fiscal year were $31,147.84. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated August 1940 was completed April 1952. The dam and reservoir have been in continuous operation since September 1942. Total costs have been $2,717,375 of which $2,373,294 was for new work and $344,081 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----......----.. -------- -$3, 206 -----------.----------------------- $2,373,294 Cost......-------------- -- $26,249 995 ---------------------------- 2,373,294 Maintenance: ------ Appropriated........ 28,250 28,000 $36,400 $28,855 $29,500 348,605 25,253 30,714 Cost----------------.............. 31,990 28,854 31,148 344,081 29. DORENA RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. Dorena Reservoir is located on Row River, Oreg., 7 miles from the mouth. Row River rises in Lane County on the western slope of the Cascade Range, flows northwest for 19 miles, and enters the Coast Fork of Willamette River 191/2 miles above the mouth. The drainage area, tributary to this reservoir, is 265 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of an earthfill dam, 3,388 feet long at the crest, rising 145 feet above the streambed, with a reservoir providing usable storage capacity at normal pool level of 70,500 acre-feet. The spillway, 200 feet long, is a concrete gravity, overflow type, form- ing the right abutment. Outlet works consisting of five slide gate-controlled conduits pass through the spillway section. The reservoir, controlling practically the entire drainage area of Row River, will be operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir sys- tem to protect the Willamette River Valley and to increase low water flows for navigation, and for other purposes. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Willamette River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recreational facilities. The actual cost of new work is $13,517,101. The approved (1953) estimate of the annual cost of operation and maintenance is $40,300. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1733 Operation and results during fiscal year. The dam and reser- voir were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year with ordinary maintenance accomplished as required. At the end of June 1956, a contract was awarded for cleanup of debris from the reservoir. A total of 31,274 persons visited the reservoir area during the fiscal year for recreational purposes. The December 1955 storm caused the most severe flood in the Row River Basin since Dorena dam was placed in operation in 1949. The flood spilled water over the spillway for the first time in the history of Dorena dam and resulted in discharges greater than the 5,000 c. f. s., maximum planned release. Other freshets in the early spring were completely controlled at the dam and filling of the reservoir was on schedule. During the December 1955 flood the peak inflow was estimated to be 23,200 c. f. s. on December 22 while the outflow at the same time was held at about 5,000 c. f. s. However, the pool was rising at such a high rate and approaching the spillway crest that re- leases had to be increased above the 5,000 c. f. s. maximum planned release. Floodwaters began to run over the spillway in the afternoon of December 22 and continued until 8:30 p. m. December 24. The peak pool was reached at 9:00 a. m. on Decem- ber 23 when elevation 838.41 was registered, 3.41 feet above the free overflow spillway. The maximum discharge registered dur- ing the flood was about 8,000 c. f. s. However, no appreciable damage in the lower reach was noticed due to the higher dis- charges from the dam. Summer releases from Dorena Reservoir to increase the low natural flows of the Coast Fork and Willamette Rivers began on July 29, 1955, and continued until the middle of September 1955, when minimum conservation pool was reached. Conservation filling of Dorena Reservoir began February 1 and continued on schedule, with the exception of storing the flood- waters from a freshet that occurred on February 21, 1956. Maxi- mum conservation pool was reached as scheduled on May 19, 1956. Total costs for the fiscal year were $27,847.15. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated in June 1941 was completed October 1952. The dam and appurtenant works were placed in operation November 1949. Total costs have been $13,734,458, of which $13,517,101 was for new work, and $217,357 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------- $100,000 -$132,060---------------------... ........... $13, 517,101 Cost---------------- ............ 366,034 48,846 ---------------------------------............ 13,517,101 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ 38,520 33,500 $37,900 $29,715 $36,000 231, 735 Cost.. .....- 37,446 35,042 32, 659 30,235 27, 847 217, 357 1734 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 30. FERN RIDGE RESERVOIR, WILLAMETE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On the Long Tom River, 23.6 miles from the mouth. The Long Tom River rises in Lane County, Oreg., on the eastern slope of the coast range, flows north for 50 miles, and enters the Willamette River 147 miles above its mouth. The drainage area tributary to this reservoir is 252 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of an earthfill dam, 6,360 feet long at the crest, and 2 auxiliary dikes, 850 feet and 3,680 feet long, along the north- easterly boundary of the reservoir. The main dam has a maxi- mum height of 44 feet above the streambed. The spillway, lo- cated near the left abutment, consists of a gravity section concrete overflow structure controlled by six automatic radial gates. Out- let works are located in the spillway structure. The project in- cludes rectification of the channel of Long Tom River downstream from the dam. The reservoir, having a usable storage capacity of 101,200 acre-feet, at full pool, protects the Long Tom River Valley and is being operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system to protect the Willamette River Valley generally and to increase low water flows for navigation. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Willamette River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Con- trol Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recreational facilities. The actual cost of new work is $3,683,145 for construction and $812,635 for lands and damages, a total of $4,495,780. The latest (1953) estimate of the annual cost of operation and maintenance is $48,400. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The dam and reser- voir were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year with ordinary maintenance accomplished as required. In addition, cleaning and painting of the spillway crest gates was accomplished by contract. At the end of the fiscal year a contract was awarded for the repair and construction of bank protection works along Long Tom River downstream from Fern Ridge Dam. During the fiscal year a total of 132,405 persons visited the reservoir area for recreational purposes. During the 1956 fiscal year several floods occurred in the Long Tom Basin, of which the December 1955 flood was the most severe in the history of Fern Ridge Reservoir. The magnitude of the December flood was such that special regulation of the reservoir had to be initiated in order to keep the downstream channel from overtopping and to keep damage in the Lower Long Tom Basin to a minimum. The freshet of November 1955 and the flood of Febru- ary 1956 were completely controlled and the operation of Fern Ridge Reservoir during the remainder of the fiscal year 1956 was near normal. FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1735 The peak inflow in the Fern Ridge Reservoir during the Decem- ber 1955 flood was estimated to be 24,000 c. f. s., while the release at the same time was about 3,000 c. f. s. By special regulation the reservoir was permitted to fill to 130 percent of full pool and re- sulted in minimizing what would have been extensive damage in the Lower Long Tom River Basin. Drawing down of the reservoir to minimum conservation pool was accomplished during the months August-October 1955. The reservoir releases, in coordination with releases from other reser- voirs in the Willamette River Basin, substantially increased the low natural flows of Willamette River in the interest of irriga- tion, navigation, pollution abatement, and fish life. Conservation filling of Fern Ridge Reservoir took place during February-June 1956. However, precipitation during April 1956 was inadequate to maintain the filling schedule. The maximum pool' reached during the conservation filling season was 372.68 on June 19, 1956, 0.82 foot below full pool. A minor departure from normal regulation occurred during the period March 8-11, 1956, when the reservoir was drawn below the filling guide curve to permit safely maintaining a low out- flow for several days to facilitate survey work on Lower Long Tom River. After the survey work was accomplished the reser- voir was brought up to its scheduled pool elevation. Total costs for the fiscal year were $59,282.99. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated April 1940 was completed August 1951. The dam and reservoir have been in continuous operation since December 1941. Total costs have been $5,023,135, of which $4,495,780 was for new work and $527,355 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----------$4,000 -$7,945 ---------------------------------- $4,495,780 Cost----------------- 95,134 -------------------------------------------- 4,495,780 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ 46,230 46,500 $45,400 $38,156 $57,500 531,686 Cost............... -43,823 47,677 42,166 37,459 59,283 527,355 31. COUGAR RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. At mile 4.4 on South Fork McKenzie River, which joins McKenzie River about 56.5 miles above its confluence with Willamette River. The dam site is located approximately 50 miles east of Eugene, Oreg. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a rockfill dam with an impervious earth core, about 1,400 feet long at the crest and 445 feet high above the foundation. The dam will form a reservoir 6.0 miles long with a usable capacity at full pool of 165,000 acre-feet. The spillway will be of the gated chute type with a flip bucket and located in the left abutment. The 1736 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 diversion tunnel, a 12.5-foot diameter line section, will be located in the left abutment. The outlet and the power tunnels will also be in the left abutment. The outlet tunnel will be provided with a stilling basin. The powerplant will include two 12,500 kilowatt units. The improvement will function as a unit in the coordinated sys- tem of reservoirs for multiple-purpose development of the water resources in Willamette River Basin. The project is 1 of 3 reservoirs to be constructed in lieu of Quartz Creek Reservoir, authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954 authorized installation of power facilities. The estimated cost of the project (1956) is $5,857,000 for lands and damages including relocations, and $34,043,000 for construc- tion, a total of $39,900,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated June 4, 1956, with the start of clearing and excavation for the river diversion tunnel. A second contract was awarded at the end of the fiscal year for clearing of 178 acres in the reservoir area. Preparation and submission of "design memoranda" were con- tinued during the year. Planning and engineering were also in progress for proposed road relocation work and for construction of the dam and outlet works and the power intake works. Costs for the fiscal year were $346,240.44. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated June 1956. Construction of the river diversion tunnel is 5 percent complete. Reservoir clearing operations will be ini- tiated early in fiscal year 1957. Preparation of contract plans and specifications covering construction of the dam and appurte- nant works is in progress. Total costs have been $610,948 which sum includes $96,000 prorata share of site selection costs for alternate sites in lieu of Quartz Creek Reservoir. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ---------- Appropriated-......-------.. $15,000 $4,500 $150,000 $500,000 $765,500 Cost... ------------- 12,092 7,408 149,208 346,240 610,948 1Includes $96,000 prorated share of site selection costs in lieu of Quartz Creek Reservoir. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ .$5, 059 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------------------------- 1, 650,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------ 1, 655, 059 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project__------------- 37, 484,500 FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1737 32. GREEN PETER RESERVOIR, OREG. Location. At approximate mile 4 on Middle Santiam River which joins South Santiam River about 56.8 miles above its con- fluence with Willamette River. The dam site is located about 38 miles northeast of Eugene, Oreg. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earth and rockfill dam about 1,180 feet long at the crest and 350 feet high above the streambed. The dam will form a reservoir about 11 miles long with a usable storage capacity of 322,000 acre-feet at full pool. The spillway to be located in the left abutment will consist of a free overflow chute section about 300 feet long at the crest. Outlet works will be located in a tun- nel through the left abutment. The powerhouse will include two units rated at 40,500 kilowatt-hours each and will be located near the toe of the dam along the left abutment. A reregulating dam, as described in House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session, located 3.2 miles downstream at White Bridge site will be a con- crete gravity structure 130 feet high from foundation to crest. The reregulating reservoir will have a total storage capacity of 8,500 acre-feet. The power installation proposed will be one unit with a capacity of 15,000 kilowatt-hours. The improvement will function as a unit in the coordinated system of reservoirs for multiple-purpose development of the water resources in Willamette River Basin. The project is one of three reservoirs to be constructed in lieu of Sweet Home Reservoir, authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954, authorized installation of power facilities at Green Peter Dam and construction of White Bridge Reregulating Reservoir. The estimated cost of the project approved in 1956, is $5,340,000 for lands and damages including relocations and $53,060,000 for construction, a total of $58,400,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Control surveys necessary for the preparation of a reservoir map from aerial photographs were completed and a reservoir map was being pre- pared. Drilling at alternate site No. 3, about 1/2 miles upstream from the site proposed in the project document was completed and drilling at site No. 4, about 2 miles upstream from the project document site was in progress at the end of the year. Planning studies were continued and preparation of a site selection report was 20 percent complete. Total costs for the fiscal year were $86,248.07. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance engineering, planning, and field work, for preparation of a "Design Memorandum" cover- ing site selection are in progress. The report will be submitted during fiscal year 1957. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $201,619, which includes $113,000 prorata share of site selection studies for alternate sites in lieu of Sweet Home Reservoir originally authorized,. 1738 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-----........ ------------------------ $2,371 ------------ $100,000 $215,371 Cost------------------------------------- 2,371 ------------. 86,248 201,619 1Includes $113,000 prorata share of site selection costs. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956--_--- $12, 459 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ----------------------------------------------- 200, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year endjng June 30, 1957------------------------------ 212, 459 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- ------------------------- 57, 984, 629 33. DETROIT RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On North Santiam River, with dam site 60 miles from the mouth and 45 miles southeast of Salem, Oreg. North Santiam River flows north and west for 85 miles, and unites with South Santiam River to form Santiam River, which 10 miles down- stream enters the Willamette River 108 miles above its mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of one main dam and a reregulating dam, both with power generating facilities. Detroit Dam is a concrete-gravity structure approximately 1,522 feet in length and 454 feet in height from foundation to roadway deck. The spillway is a gate-controlled overflow section, and the outlet works are gate-controlled conduits through the dam. The power- house with 2 units having a capacity of 50,000 kilowatts each is located in the right abutment immediately below the dam. The reservoir has a usable storage capacity at full pool of 340,000 acre-feet. It is being operated as a unit in the coordinated reservoir system to protect the Willamette Valley from floods, to increase low water flows in the interest of navigation and irriga- tion, to generate power, and for other purposes. The reregulating dam located 3 miles downstream at the Big Cliff. site is of the con- crete-gravity type, approximately 172 feet in height from founda- tion to roadway deck. The power installation consists of 1 unit with a capacity of 18,000 kilowatts. The reservoir created by the dam has a usable storage capacity of 2,430 acre-feet at full pool. The project is a unit of comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Willamette Basin. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Willamette River Basin contained in Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recrea- tional facilities, and the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, modi- fied the existing project to provide for the installation of hydro- FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1739 electirc power generating facilities including the construction of a reregulating dam. The estimated project cost (1956), is $8,249,200 for lands and damages including relocations, and $54,410,800 for construction, a total of $62,660,000. The 1955 estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance is $385,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project was in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year. In addition to ordinary maintenance and repair, miscellaneous items of construc- tion and improvement were accomplished. A vehicle storage and welding shop building was constructed and additions and altera- tions to buildings at Marion Forks Hatchery completed. Modification of the Detroit powerhouse thrust bearing cooling water system, the heating and ventilating system, and 15-kilovolt switchgear was accomplished, as well as modification of the Big Cliff stoplogs and lifting beam. At the Detroit Dam spillway, the repair of the lower regulating outlets and installation of steel liners for protection from high velocity discharge flows were in progress. At the end of the year debris cleanup at Detroit reservoir and clearing at Big Cliff were initiated by contract. During the fiscal year a total of 565,602,000 kilowatt-hours of electrical power energy was generated at the project, of which 562,469,000 kilowatt-hours was delivered to Bonneville Power Administration. Several storms occurred in the Santiam Basin during the fiscal year 1956 which resulted in flooding of the lower Santiam River; but flooding in the North Santiam was avoided by the regulation of Detroit and Big Cliff dams. Conservation filling of the reser- voir was held below the filling schedule to provide space for runoff from an above-normal snow pack. The first flood during the fiscal year 1956 occurred on November 27, 1955, when a peak of 22,000 c.f.s. inflow into Detroit Reservoir was registered, while the regulated outflow from the dam was about 3,000 c.f.s. The second and most severe flood of the fiscal year came on December 22, 1955, with a peak inflow-into Detroit Reservoir of 37,200 c.f.s. The regulated outflow from the dam during this flood was only 2,000 c.f.s. The third and last flood of the season occurred on January 15, 1956, when 23,000 c.f.s. inflow was recorded, with a regulated outflow from the dam of about 2,500 c.f.s. Due to inflows from uncontrolled areas, the lower Santiam River went above its banks during all three of the above flood periods, with the heaviest flooding occurring during Decem- ber 1955 storm. One of the heaviest snow packs in many years was measured above Detroit Dam during the fiscal year 1956, and in order to provide space for above normal runoff from snowmelt the reservoir was held below the scheduled pool elevation. Maximum pool elevation 1563.5, was reached on May 23, 1956. 1740 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 To facilitate removal of debris from Detroit Reservoir, the pool was raised on June 18, 1956, to elevation 1569, 61/2 feet above maximum conservation pool, and held at approximately that eleva- tion for about 1 month until the work was accomplished. A total of 113,441 persons visited the reservoir area for recrea- tional purposes during the fiscal year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $513,572.47, of which $159,- 692.30 was for new work and $353,880.17 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated in May 1947 is complete except for the accomplishment of minor modifications and improvements. The two generating units at Detroit Dam were placed in com- mercial operation June and October 1953, respectively. At Big Cliff Dam the single unit was placed on the line June 1954. Use of Big Cliff Dam for regulating the fluctuating flow from the Detroit units was effected in October 1953. Total costs have been $63,026,310, of which $62,284,864 is for new work and $741,446 for operation and maintenance. Power production and revenues. During the fiscal year 1956, a total of 565,602,000 kilowatt-hours were generated of which 3,133,000 kilowatt-hours were used for operation of the project and 562,469,000 kilowatt-hours were delivered to the Bonneville Power Administration, the Marketing Agency, for disposition. Revenues allocated to the project for the year amounted to $1,900,000.00 of which-$275,698.75 was for repayment of operating expenses applic- able to power, $1,026,571.07 for repayment of interest expense applicable to power and $597,730.18 for amortization of construc- tion costs, including replacements applicable to power. Of a total of $63,026,309.94 expended to date on the project for construc- tion, operation and maintenance and replacements, the amount of $39,837,140.53 or 63 percent, has been for direct and allocated portions of power features. Summary of governmental investments and expenses for power purposes as of June 30, 1956 and repayments thereon are tabulated below: INVESTMENT OF THE UNITED STATES Capital Investment Total plant in service__________________ $42, 005, 633.04 Less: Construction work in progress ------ 143, 805. 50 Total construction cost including interest during construction--- $41, 861, 827. 54 Less: Value of plant retired_____________ 214, 990.22 Total cost fixed plant in service--------- $41, 646,837.32 Plus: Cost of plant in process of retirement__ 160, 644. 54 Plus: Net retirements charge to provide for depreciation and amortization _ 2, 933. 62 Total cost-fixed plant___________________________ _ 41, 820, 415.48 Other assets and deferred charges ___________________ 5, 293.03 Total capital investment----_-____ _ .41, 825, 708. 51 FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1741 Expense Operation and maintenance (excluding de- preciation) ---------------- _- _ ----- 591, 129.51 Interest ------------ --------------- 2, 744, 604.37 Total expense_ _ ------__------ - - - 3, 335, 733.88 Net investment of the United States - _ _ _ _- 45, 161, 442.39 Plus: Receipts credited to construction costs and/or expenses deposited to U. S. Treasury under law- 22.65 Gross investment of the United States___ 45,161, 465. 04 Repayments Total expenses (currently repaid) ....... 3,335, 733. 88 Amortization of capital investment-_----- 1, 941, 349.74 Plus: Net retirement charged to provide for amortization ---------------- 12, 933. 62 Total operating revenues deposited to U. S. Treasury 5,290, 017. 24 Plus: Deposits to Treasury of receipts credited to construction cost and operation expense ------------------------------ 22. 65 Total repayments (deposits to U. S. Treasury) -_- 5, 290, 039. 89 Net remaining capitol investment to be repaid - 39, 871, 425. 15 $45,161, 465.04 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.... $16,978,000$10,299,000 -$366,200 _-.....- 1-$1,051,200 $62,660,000 Cost..-------.- 20,378,703 9,337,239 $2,941,271 $445,015 159,692 62,284,864 Maintenance: Appropriated-------------------------184,200 207,468 376,800 768,468 Cost------------.............------------........................--------178,698 208,868 353,880 741,446 1 Total appropriations $63,711,200, funds surplus $1,051,200. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $161,233 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June Jue3,1957------=---------------------------- 30, 1957_ _ -- _1623161, 233 34. JOHNSON CREEK AT PORTLAND AND VICINITY, OREG. Location. Johnson Creek, a minor tributary of Willamette River, rises in the low foothills of the Cascade Range and flows in a westerly direction through the towns of Gresham and Lents, along the southeast boundary of the city of Portland to its con- fluence with Willamette River at the town of Milwaukie. Existing project. This provides for channel improvements and bank protection at various locations between mile 15.26 and the mouth. Through the town of Gresham, the project provides for 1742 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 about 1 mile of channel clearing and improvement; for channel clearing between mile 10.3 and mile 9.27; and between mile 7.79 and the mouth, for channel improvement, clearing, and revetment work including excavation of a bypass channel to pass flood waters through the constricted industrial and residential reach between mile 7.79 and 5.19. This will provide protection through the town of Gresham against floods of a frequency of once in 7 years, and between mile 10.3 and the mouth against floods of a frequency of once in 25 years. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session. The estimated Federal cost (1956) is $522,000. Non-Federal costs amount to $275,000. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide without cost to the United States (a) all lands, easements, and rights-of-way; make all necessary highway, highway bridge, and utility alterations; hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction works; and maintain and operate the works after completion in accordance with the regula- tions prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Preliminary assurances of cooperation for construction of that portion of the project from the mouth to mile 10.3 have been received from local interests. Operations and results during fiscal year. A survey of the project from the mouth to mile 10.3 was completed and design and hydraulic analysis were in progress at the end of the fiscal year for that portion of construction. Preliminary planning was 30 percent complete. Total costs for the fiscal year were $17,521.90. Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning for construction of that portion of the project between the mouth and mile 10.3 is in progress. A "Design Memorandum" and plans and specifications will be completed and work initiated in spring of 1957. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $17,522. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated....-----. ...-----------------------------------............ . -------- $27,000 $27,000 Cost----------.. ............ ------------ --------------------------------- 17,522 17,522 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ______ $9, 478 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 10, 1957__ 150, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------1------------59,478 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- -- 345, 000 FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1743 35. WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. (BANK PROTECTION) Location. On Willamette River and tributaries, between the Cascade range and the coast range, from a point south of Eugene to Portland, Oreg. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for clear- ing, sloping, and revetting of riverbanks; construction of pile and timber bulkheads and drift barriers; minor channel improvements; and maintenance of existing works for control of floods and pre- vention of erosion at various locations along Willamette River and its tributaries. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, authorized similar work at 77 additional locations. The estimated cost of new work approved (1956) is $11,600,000. Non-Federal costs amount to $260,000. The latest approved annual cost of maintenance (1953) is $100,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: A total of 12,523 linear feet of bank protection works was completed during the fiscal year at the six following listed locations: Quantity Location Nature of,work (Linear Feet) WILLAMETTE RIVER Fauver Island, left bank, mile 155.0------------------- Stone revetment............ 2,371 Denlinger, left bank, mile 98.0-..---------------- Stone revetment ............ 443 Hout, left bank, mile 134.3 ---------------- Stone revetment............ 2,324 Loc. No. 7, d/s Ext. left bank, mile 174.6... Stone revetment and drift ..----------- 2,428 barrier. SANTIAM RIVER Crown-Willamette, left bank, mile 5.7--------------- Stone revetment............ 2,803 Tomasek, right bank, mile 5.0---------...................--...--------... Stone revetment............ 2,154 Total linear feet.------ . . --.. .. ------ --------------------.-.--.-... 12, 523 At the end of the fiscal year contracts were awarded for the repair of damage incurred by winter high water at the Crown- Willamette, Tomasek, and No. 7 locations. Minor repair work at Denlinger will be accomplished by hired labor. Maintenance: Repair and restoration of existing bank protec- tion works at Eyerly and Gray Eagle locations on Willamette River were completed by contract. Additional repair work at numerous locations on Willamette River and tributaries was in progress at the end of the fiscal year under the authority of Public Law No. 99 and is reported under that authorization. Plans and specifications were being prepared for construction during fiscal year 1957, at six additional new locations. Accom- plishment of the work is subject to receipt and approval of assur- ances of local cooperation and rights-of-way. Total costs for the fiscal year were $350,308.30 of which $304,- 001.07 was for new work and $46,307.23 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated in 1938 is 52 percent complete. A total of 281,608 feet of bank protection works at 119 locations, consisting of the revet- 1744 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 ment of river banks, pile and timber bulkheads, drift barriers and channel improvements, has been completed on Willamette River and tributaries. The Annual Reports for the fiscal years 1949- 55 itemize 269,085 linear feet of this total by streams and in- dividual locations. Total costs to June 30, 1956, from Federal funds have been $7,040,772, of which $1,054,912 has been for maintenance and $5,985,860 for new work. In addition $51,469 has been expended for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ...... $400,000 $398,000 $310,000 $300,000 $300,000 $6,002,424 Cost ----- ---------- 515,071 285, 682 464,946 291,874 304,001 5,985,860 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ 66,000 43,800 21,500 54,300 55,900 1,073,500 Cost_------- -- - 23,535 123,007 50,353 52,367 46,307 1,054,912 1 In addition $51,469 for new work from contributed funds was expended. Other new work data: Unobligatd balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $601 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__------------------------------- 300, 601 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _----------------------- 5,297,576 36. CASTLE ROCK, COWLITZ RIVER, WASH. Location. On the east bank of the Cowlitz River in the vicinity of Castle Rock, Wash., approximately 18 miles above the river mouth and 30 miles south of Chehalis, Washington. Existing project. Provides for raising and strengthening the existing levee downstream from the highway bridge at Castle Rock, a total distance of about 4,000 feet, and protecting the river face with dumped stone revetment where necessary. The project will provide protection for the city of Castle Rock from floods of a magnitude of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in December 1933. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. The estimated Federal cost approved in 1956 is $80,900. Non-Federal costs amount to $5,000. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights- of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (c) maintain and operate all the works after com- pletion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Assurances of local cooperation have been received from the city of Castle Rock, Washington. FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1745 Operation and results during fiscal year. A design memoran- dum covering the proposed construction was approved and prep- aration of contract plans and specifications essentially complete at the end of the fiscal year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $6,604.06. Condition at end of fiscal year. It is proposed to initiate con- struction of the project August 1956 and complete all work by November 1956. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $10,104. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........-----------------------------................................---------------- $77,400 $80,900 Cost------------- ---. ..... ---------- 6,604 10,104 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------- $70, 796 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------------------------------- 70, 796 37. LOCAL FLOOD-PROTECTION PROJECTS, COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, OREG. AND WASH. Location. The improvements included in this project are located along Columbia River and its tributaries within the confines of the Portland, Oregon District. The major tributaries of that portion of Columbia River within the Portland District are the Deschutes, Willamette, Lewis and Cowlitz Rivers. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved May -17, 1950, approved a general comprehensive plan for the Columbia River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session, and authorized to be appropriated the sum of $75,000,000 for the partial accom- plishment of the projects. Of this authorization an amount not to exceed $15,000,000 was authorized for construction of local flood-protection works in Columbia River Basin, the individual projects to be selected by the Chief of Engineers with the approval of the Secretary of the Army, subject to the condition that all work undertaken pursuant to this authority shall be economically justi- fied prior to construction. Protection of the following areas, located in the Portland District is being considered under the authorizing act: Project Federal cost Status June 30, 1956 appropriated cost Cowlitz River at Randle, Washington ................---------------- $145,000 $5, 500 $4, 538 Crooked River at Prineville, Oregon_--_ --------- -220, 000 4,000 3,761 Lower Cowlitz River, Washington-.......------------ 435,000 ... __ .. Note. This list does not include improvements located in Seattle and Walla Walla Districts. 1746 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Non-Federal costs will be evaluated in the justification reports prepared for each proposed location. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Prineville Area, Crooked River, Oreg.: Engineering studies and field work for the preparation of a brief justification report were completed. The report was essentially complete and will be submitted early in fiscal year 1957. Costs for the fiscal year were $3,760.98. Randle Area, Cowlitz River, Wash: Engineering studies and field work for the preparation of a brief economic justification report had been completed prior to the flood of December 1955. A reconnaissance of damaged areas showed that the proposed plan would have to be modified to fit existing conditions. Modification of the report was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The report will be submitted early in fiscal year 1957. Costs for the year were $4,538.48. Total project costs for the Portland District improvements for the fiscal year were $8,299.46. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been accom- plished. Construction justification reports have been essentially completed for the Prineville Area, Crooked River, Oreg., and for the Randle Area, Cowlitz River, Wash. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $8,299. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated--------------------------------------------------- $9,500 $9,500 Cost----------------- ------------------------------------------------ 8,299 8,299 Appropriated Cost Randle Area_ ------------------------------------------ $5,500 $4,538.48 Prineville Area ----------------------------------------- 4,000 3,760.98 Total---- --------------------------------------- $9,500 $8,299.46 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -.---- $1, 200 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ ---------------------------------------- 1,200 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- 355,500 FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1747 38. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual quired to Report Operation complete for- Construction and mainte- nance COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN 1. Diking and improvement district 5, Cowitz County, Wash .. , Col I b.a..o . 1940 $161,380.87 (1) 2. Beaver drainage district, Columbia County, Oregny.rg.. 1940 .............. 274,578.03 (1) 3. Magruder drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg ---------------------- 1940 -..-.........- 61,186.49 (1) 4. Midland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg .. 1939 77,743.64 (1) 5. Marshland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg 1940 39,474.74 (1) 6. Webb District Improvement Co., Columbia County, Oreg ---------------------- 1940 84,591.68 (1) 7. Woodson drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg_------ --------------- 1940 22,796.86 ........_ .. _ _.. (1) 8. Westland District Improvement Co., Co- lumbia, County, Oreg .... 1940 205,531.21 (1) 9. Tenasillahe Island, Clatsop County, Oreg... 1939 133,778.47 (1) 10. Blind slough diking district, Clatsop County, Oreg ... ------------- 1939 163,396.66 (1) 11. Drainage district 1 Clatsop County, Oreg_... 1939 ...............(1) 240,939.43 12. Diking district 2, Clatsop County, Oreg ..- 1940 43,149.78 . (1) 13. Diking district 5, Clatsop County, Oreg -.... 1940 25,608.49 (1) 14. Warrenton diking district, No. 1 Clatsop County, Oreg... ................... 1940 69,503.03 .............. (1) 15. Warrenton diking district 2, Clatsop County, (1) Oreg ----------------------------- 1940 117,142.92 ---- ---- --- 16. Warrenton diking district 3, Clatsop County, (1) Oreg .----------------------------- 1940 74,596.11 ---- ---- -- - 17. Consolidated diking and improvement dis- (1) trict 1, Cowlitz County, Wash_............. 1941 163,290.97 18. Diking district 1 and 3 (Puget Island) and Little Island, Wahkiakum County, Wash._ 1941 258,795.11 (1) 19. Diking improvement district 1, Pacific County, Wash .....--------------------- 1941 26,810.33 (1) (1) 20. Karlson Island, Clatsop County, Oreg....... 1941 25,773.40---,----------- 21. Deep River area, Wahkiakum County, (1) Wash ...--------......-------------------- 1942 69,723.84 -------------- 22. Sandy drainage district, Multnomah (1) County, Oreg ..---------------------- 1942 138,955.89 -------------- 23. Peninsula drainage district 1, Multnomah (1) County, Oreg ---------------------- 1942 211,250.54 -------------- 24. Peninsula drainage district 2, Multnomah (1) County, Oreg ---------------------- 1942 241,148.00 -------------- 25. Scappoose drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg---------------------- 1942 424,309.56 -------------- (1) 26. Rainier drainage district, Columbia County, 1942 47,661.88-------------- (1) Oreg---_ ------------------------- (1) 27. Knappa area, Clatsop County, Oreg_--.._... 1942 18,788.70 -------------- (1) 28. John Day River area, Clatsop County, Oreg__ 1942 33,080.38-------------- (1) 29. Walluski River, Clatsop County, Oreg-...... 1942 66,932.39 -------------- (1) 30. Youngs River dikes, Clatsop County Oreg.. 1942 248,802.48-------------- 31. Lewis and Clark River area, Clatsop County (1) Oreg ----------------------------- 1942 158,418.51 -------------- 32. Deer Island area, Columbia County, Oreg-__ 1943 574,122.85 -------------- (1) 33. Westport district, Columbia and Clatsop (1) Counties, Oreg------- .-- W----..--.---. 1943 40,657.64-------------- 34. Skamokawa Creek area, Wahkiakum (1) County, Wash-_-------------------- 1946 178,884.82----------- (1) 35. Upper Grays River area, Wash.......... 1947 61,263.40 $30.000 (1) 36. Multnomah diking district 1, Oreg_........ 1951 610,652.28 . . 37. Sauvie Island areas A and B, Multnomah (1) County, Oreg --------- 1951 1,623,505.42 ------- 38. Diking and improvement district 4, Wahkia- (1) kum County Wash---....----------------- 1951 169,542,29........... 39. Prescott area, dolumbia County, Oreg____.. 1941 124.88----------- S$37,875 258.28........... 34,740 40. Diking district 3, Clatsop County, Oreg ..... 1938 Total Columbia River Basin-...........---------.. I-......... 7,188,152.02 30,000 42,615 See footnotes at end of table. 1748 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and expenditures For last June 30, 1956 Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual quired to Report Operation complete for- Construction and mainte- nance LEWIS RIVER BASIN 41. Diking and improvement Tistrict 11, Cow- litz County, Wash......................... 1943 172,521.40 ...------- (1) COWLITZ RIVER BASIN 42. Cowlitz County drainage improvement dis- trict 1, Wash -------------------------- 1939 42,078.11 - ---.------- - (1) 43. Diking improvement district 2, Cowlitz County, Wash__------------------------- 1940 120,728.84 ------------ (1) 44. Diking improvement district 13, Cowlitz County, Wash........------------------------- 1939 26, 262.78 ---------.---. (1) Total Cowlitz River Basin .......... ..-........ 189,069.73 ------- . - (1) 45. Mill Four drainage district, Yaquina River, Oreg------- -- ----------------------- 1949 118,432.84 -------------- (1) 46. Pudding River, Oreg_---------------------- 1940 5,000.00 ............. 6,635,000 47. Coquille River, Oreg__---------------------- 1948 908.15 -------------- 2353,092 48. Umpqua River and Tributaries, Oreg____ ... 1952 428,880.60 .............. (1) 49. Vicinity of Nehalem, Nehalem River, Oreg.. 1952 45,677.12 .............. (1) LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, OREG. AND WASH. Levees at new locations: 1955 --..-...---------------........-------- Active projects..........................-------------------------- 2,250,000 Inactive projects------------------------..-.. 1955-------------------- ___ - 43,390,000 Bank Protection works ----.............. ..... 1955- .-- -------------- --- 7,860,000 Levees and improvements to existing projects: Active projects_ ------------- __-- - 1955 15,100 ............------ 1012,884,900 Inactive projects-........... ............. 1955 63,200,000 _----...........--..--------........... WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN Blue River Reservoir .......-----------..-------..---.. ....--------------------------------- 13,700,000 Cascadia Reservoir i -- .- _---- _---.. --- _11_-- 25,200,000 _---... Holley Reservoir ----------------------------- ---------------------------- 12,500,000 Gate Creek Reservoir 11-- - . _----. _--- .. --------- ... 13,800,000 Waldo Lake Tunnel-___... .... .. ___..... .------------------ ----......... 922,000 Wiley Creek Reservoir 11- - - - - -_-- - - -- - _ - - -___... 8,070, 000 Flood wall and levees at Portland, Oreg-. .--.- - - --.............. ....-- 6 18, 900,000 Willamette River Basin Channel clearing and snagging ------------------------------------------- 2,480,000 Willamette Falls fish ladder-----..-.-------.------------------------ -- 227,000 Channel improvement for flood control and major drainage on 16 tributaries to Willamette .......................-----------------...........----------......--....--------------------......------- River---- 14,800,000 1 Completed. 2 Awaiting local cooperation. a Classified inactive. Latest cost estimate-1954. 4 Classified inactive. Latest cost estimate-1956, to include non-Federal contribution. 6 Classified inactive. Latest cost estimate-1955. 6 Deferred for restudy. Latest cost estimate-1954. 7Non-Federal costs $3,720.000. 8 Non-Federal costs $1,664,000. 9 Non-Federal costs $1,287,000. to Non-Federal costs $2,330,000. 11Conditionally authorized. 39. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Funds in the amount of $27,050 have been allotted to June 30, 1956, to cover costs of inspections of completed local flood control protection projects. The purposes of the inspection are to deter- mine the condition of the completed works and to ascertain whether those works are being properly maintained by local interests. FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1749 Operationsand results during fiscal year. A total of 46 diking and drainage districts (12 in Washington and 34 in Oregon) along the Columbia River; and levees and revetments at 12 districts or locations along various Oregon coast streams were inspected. Bank protection works at 3 locations and channel improvement work at Amazon Creek in Willamette River Basin were also in- spected. In most cases a representative of the diking districts accompanied the Portland District Inspector in making the in- spections of their districts. Deficiencies in maintenance and the need for repairs were pointed out to the diking districts' repre- sentatives on the ground and a report was made for each district inspected on the conditions found with recommendations for cor- rection of deficiencies. Copies of these reports were furnished the diking districts concerned. The campaign to improve maintenance of completed Federal projects initiated by the House Appropriations Committee on Civil Functions, was continued. Periodic contact was maintained with the seven uncooperative areas reported in fiscal year 1955, to ascertain any change in their attitude and to provide technical assistance if requested. Of the 70 local flood protection projects in the Portland, Oreg., District requiring maintenance by local interests, 11 were considered deficient in maintenance work. Costs for the fiscal year were $3,681.47. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $25,723. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated ........-------------------.... $4,618 $13,700 ------------..... $7,000 $600 $27,050 Cost................. 3,224 $4,568 9,632 3,681 25,723 40. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Funds in the amount of $491,583 have been allotted the Portland District to June 30, 1956, for work under this authorization. During the fiscal year contract plans and specifications were essentially complete for protection of city sewer system at Bear Creek, tributary of Rogue River, Medford, Oreg. Total costs during the fiscal year were $444.90. Total costs to June 30, 1956, from Federal funds have been $462,528. In addition, costs from contributed funds have been $77,790. Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (see 212 of the 1950 Flood 'ControlAct). Funds in the amount of $287,223 have been allotted to June 30, 1956, under this authorization, for the preparation of project justification reports and for construction. 1750 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 During the fiscal year a reconnaissance report on Stillwell Drainage District, Tillamook Bay, Oreg., was completed. Con- tract plans and specifications for construction at Catching Inlet Drainage District, Coos River, Oreg., were essentially complete. Costs for the fiscal year were $10,188.94. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $159,554. Emergency flood-control activities-repair, flood fighting and rescue work (PL No. 99, 84th Cong., 1st sess., and antecedent legislation.). Funds in the amount of $8,666,636 have been allotted to June 30, 1956, for work under the above and prior authorizations. During the fiscal year, construction was completed at Depoe Creek, Yaquina River, near Toledo, Oreg., and at Cowlitz County Consolidated Improvement District No. 2, Washington. Prior to the 1956 freshet of the Columbia River, emergency flood fight manual was revised and advance preparation for the potential flood emergency completed. During the extremely high waters, and continuing to the end of the fiscal year, flood emer- gency operations, and repair, strengthening, and modification of existing flood-control works were underway on Columbia and Willamette Rivers and tributaries. Total costs for the fiscal year were $1,028,359.09. In addition costs from funds contributed by Cowlitz County Consolidated Diking District No. 2 were $2,625. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $8,093,165. In addition $162,625 has been expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary EMERGENCY BANK PROTECTION Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated -------- $46,000 -$677 $50, 000 -$1, 219 $29,500 $491, 583 Cost- - --............. 2,475 31,848 5,497 54,284 445 462,528 1 In addition $77,790 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $29,055------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------------ 29,055 GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-PORTLAND, OREG., DIST. 1751 SMALL FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS NOT SPECIFICALLY AUTHORIZED BY CONGRESS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.....--------- $2,300 $8,274 $69, 000 -$10,433 $129,742 $287,223 Cost. .--..-..... _ 78,777 51 10,173 53,027 10,189 1159,554 1 In addition $2,520 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------- $127,669 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ ____ _ __ 127, 669 1________ FLOOD-CONTROL EMERGENCIES-REPAIR, FLOOD FIGHTING, AND RESCUE WORK Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $28, 760 $12,342 $42,651 $7, 046 $1,598,744 $8,666,636 Cost. ....... --. -22,353 88,576 30,680 38,435 1,028,359 18,093,165 1In addition $160,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. 41. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Navigation studies: The total cost of work during the fiscal year was $6,057.22. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $3,873,705. The funds unexpended June 30, 1956, amounting to $75.84, plus an allotment of $3,800, a total of $3,875.84, will be expended for completion of the report on Winchester Bay, Oregon. Flood control studies: The total cost of work during the fiscal year was $11,227.01. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $2,608,379. The funds unexpended June 30, 1956, amounting to $11,958.37 plus an allotment of $91,300, a total of $103,258.37, will be ex- pended for completion of the reports on Silvies River and tribu- taries, Coos Bay, and Luckiamute and Rickreall Creeks. Work also will be accomplished on the reports concerning Umpqua River, Coquille River, and Rogue River. 42. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES. The principal items of work included under the subject studies are as follows: a. Hydrologic studies, consisting of preparing hydrologic data, in answer to various inquiries, for areas not associated with proj- ects for which funds are available. b. Derivation of flood forecasting procedures, which consists of compiling and analyzing stream-flow, temperature, and preci- 1752 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 pitation data, in order to forecast and disseminate information on flood volume and peak discharges for Columbia River and major tributaries. c. Compiling and distributing weather and river stage data, which consists of daily compilation and distribution to those con- cerned within this office, of data obtained from the United States Weather Bureau and Corps of Engineer field office's as a basis for normal functioning of the organization. d. Civil Works Investigations: During the fiscal year the final report on friction losses in corrugated metal pipe, C. W. I. 828, was completed and published. At the end of the fiscal year a contract was awarded for construction of an access road to the test conduit area at Detroit Reservoir project, C. W. I. 825. Work was con- tinued by North Pacific Division on C. W. I. 171, "Criteria for estimated runoff from snowmelt." Total costs for the fiscal year were $19,750. Total costs to June 30, 1956 have been $401,003. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT This district comprises all of Washington except the southern and southeastern portions, northern Idaho, and northwestern Montana embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Pacific Ocean south of the international boundary to Cape Disappoint- ment, and to the Columbia River above the Yakima River, in- clusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control Page age 1. Puget Sound and its tributary 15. Libby Dam, Kootenai River, waters, Wash____ - ___- 1753 Mont _- - - - - 1785 2. Anacortes Harbor, Wash - 1754 16. Albeni Falls Reservoir, Pend 3. Swinomish Slough, Wash- 1757 Oreille River, Idaho_ ...... 1786 4. Neah Bay, Wash-_-----_ 1758 17. Stillaguamish River, Wash .. 1788 5. Lake Crockett, Wash- - 1760 18. Eagle Gorge Reservoir, Green 6. Everett Harbor and Snohomish River, Wash- 1789 River, Wash- ____ - -__ 1761 19. Tacoma, Puyallup River, 7. Chief Joseph Dam, Columbia Wash _ 1792 River, Wash--_------ 1763 20. Mud Mountain Reservoir, 8. Quillayute River, Wash_- ...- 1766 White River, Wash_ 1793 9. Shilshole Bay, Seattle, Wash- 1768 21. Other authorized flood-control 10. Lake Washington Ship Canal, projects - _--- -- - 1794 Wash ------------------ 1769 22. Inspection of completed works, 11. Tacoma Harbor, Wash------ 1772 local protection projects_-- 1795 12. Grays Harbor and Chehalis 23. Flood-control work under spe- River, Wash_------------1775 cial authorization--.. . 1795 13. Willapa River and Harbor and Naselle River, Wash_-_-- 1781 General Investigations 14. Other authorized navigation projects---_-__ ___-- 1785 24. Examinations and surveys__ 1799 25. Research and development__ 1799 1. PUGET SOUND AND ITS TRIBUTARY WATERS, WASH. Location. Puget Sound is located in the western part of the State of Washington. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 6300, 6450, and 6460.) Previous projects. Project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882, contemplated clearing and maintaining the navigable portions of the Skagit, Stillaguamish, Nooksack, Snohomish, and Snoqualmie Rivers, Wash., free from snags, debris, and drift, by means of a shallow-draft stern-wheel snag boat constructed for this purpose. For further details, see page 2003 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1869 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for maintenance of Puget Sound and its tributary waters by snagging and dredging. The actual cost for new work was $43,336.92. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $165,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892 (Annual Report for 1893, p. 3425). The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1913, page 3127. Local cooperation. None required. 1753 1754 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities at the numerous localities on Puget Sound and its tributary waters are, in general, considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The U. S. snag boat W. T. Preston was operated a total of 11 months at a cost of $108,611.10, accomplishing the following work: Obstructions removed Waterway Dredging (cubic yards) Snags Piles Miscellaneous Duwamish Waterway.........------------------------------ 262 --- 1 float. Everett Harbor and Snohomish River 939 336 -------------- 1 scow. Lake Washington--------------------- 3,119 748 1 19 floats. Lake Washington ship canal ........-- 1,122 27 -------------- r a f t, 1 8 bundles plank. Skagit River and North Fork ......... 35,965 1,874 2 trees, 32 cubic .-------------- yards of blasted rock. Bellingham Harbor-.---------------------------------- 4------------- Total--.--.------------.------.. 41,145 3,251 1 Floating obstructions to navigation were removed from ship lanes in the Seattle area by a small U. S. tug during the fiscal year, at a cost of $171.71. Total costs were $108,782.81, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work has consisted chiefly of snagging and dredging in the principal tributaries of Puget Sound. No permanent results are obtainable, but the mainte- nance of existing channels requires practically continuous opera- tion of the snag boat. The controlling depths range from 1 to 40 feet at mean lower low water. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been $43,336.92 for new work and $2,235,388.91 for maintenance, a total of $2,278,725.83. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated---------------........---............--------........................ ..............-- $43,337 Cost ..------------..-.. ---.---.. - .43,337 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $50,648 $78, 029 $109,582 $160,675 $108,956 2,302,885 Cost----------------- 55,119 78,029 102,874 167,556 108,783 2,302,885 1 Includes $67,496 for maintenance for previous projects. 2. ANACORTES HARBOR, WASH. Location. Anacortes Harbor is on the northern point of Fidal- go Island in Puget Sound, 17 miles south of Bellingham, Wash., and 64 miles north of Seattle. The main harbor is on Guemes Channel. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6377.) Existing project. This provides for (1) a channel in Capsante Waterway, 12 feet deep at mean lower low water and 150 to 250 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1755 feet Wide, between the east side of Q Avenue and deep water in Fidalgo Bay, a distance of 2,850 feet; and (2) a mooring basin 12 feet deep at mean lower low water, 570 feet wide, and 960 feet long adjacent to north side of Capsante Waterway, protected by 2 pile breakwaters, 370 feet and 350 feet long, east and southeast of the basin, respectively. The tidal range between mean lower law water and mean higher high water is 8.2 feet. The extreme range is about 15.5 feet. The estimated cost for new work (July 1956) is $195,000, ex- clusive of $51,000 contributed funds. The section between Q and R Avenues of the project is considered to be inactive and is ex- cluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $9,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $7,400. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports - - - Mar. 2, 1919 Channel in Capsante WaterwayS... ..... .... .. H. Doc. 1117, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 3, 1954 Mooring basin-------------.....................S. Doc. 102, 83d Cong., 2d sess. (Contains latest published map.) 1 Includes inactive portion at west end between Q and R Avenues. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except provisions of the 1954 River and Harbor Act, which require local interests to (a) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way and spoil-disposal areas, suitably bulk- headed where necessary, for construction and maintenance of the improvement when and as required: (b) hold and save the United States free from all damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements; (c) provide and maintain adequate mooring facilities and a public landing with service and supply facilities open to all on equal terms; (d) maintain to project dimensions those portions of the basin where mooring facilities are provided; and (e) contribute in cash or equivalent work 14.5 percent of the cost of dredging the moorage basin, and constructing the break- water. By Resolution No. 204, adopted March 29, 1956, the Port Commission of the Port of Anacortes agreed to comply with all requirements of local cooperation, and to make a cash contribu- tion, including the 14.5 percent required, covering all costs in excess of $150,000 for the modification of project authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act. Terminal facilities. There are 23 terminals in the port of Ana- cortes; 16 on Guemes Channel, 1 on Capsante Waterway, and 6 on Fidalgo Bay. Three terminals on Guemes Channel are open for public use; of these, 1 is publicly owned and operated and used for handling general cargo in foreign and domestic trade; and 2, 1 publicly and 1 privately owned and operated, are used for ferries plying to the San Juan Islands. The terminal on Capsante Water- way is publicly owned and operated and is used for the receipt of petroleum products, and by small craft in the fishing trade. All of the other terminals are used for general industrial purposes. 1756 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operations and results during fiscal year. Field investigations, project design, plans and specifications were completed during the fiscal year at a cost of $6,874.71, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 31 percent complete. Capsante Waterway was completed in 1930, except that portion west of R Avenue, which was omitted at the request of local interests, and work authorized by Act of Septem- ber 3, 1954. The project document for the 1954 modification provided, on the basis of surveys completed in 1948, for protection of the mooring basin by construction of a pile breakwater 380 feet long, 50 feet east of the basin. At the time of the survey, large log booms moored adjacent to a sawmill south of Capsante Water- way provided ample protection for small-boat moorages north of the waterway from southeasterly storms. However, the mill has since closed, the log booms have been removed, and mill operations will probably never be resumed. Therefore, an additional break- water, 350 feet long, will be constructed southeast of the mooring basin to provide protection formerly obtained by the log booms. The breakwater east of the basin will be shortened to 370 feet and relocated to meet new harbor improvements proposed by local interests. A survey made in February 1954 shows a controlling depth of 7.2 feet in the completed portion of the waterway. Ad- vance planning, plans and specifications have been completed on the small-boat basin authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act. Dredging and breakwater construction remain to be done to com- plete the project. The costs from Federal funds have been $53,251.61 for new work and $7,969.15 for maintenance, a total of $61,220.76. In addition, $23,188.45 has been expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1953 1954 1955 1952 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------ $8,000 1$54,377 Cost-------------------------------- ------------------------ 6,875 53,252 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ ----------------- ----- $781 ------------------------ 7,969 Cost ................. ---------------------- ---------------- 781 -- 7,969 1In addition, $23,188.45 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956------_ $1,125 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 142, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1_____________ 143,125 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------------------_ (2) 2 No additional Federal funds required. Local interests have agreed to make a cash contribution cover- ing all costs in excess of $150,000 for the modification of project authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1757 3. SWINOMISH SLOUGH, WASH. Location. This is an inland passage, 11 miles long, between Saratoga Passage and Padilla Bay, in the northwestern part of the State of Washington, about 60 miles north of Seattle. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 6300, 6376, and 6380.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 100 feet wide and 12 feet deep at mean lower low water from deep water in Saratoga Passage to deep water in Padilla Bay, a distance of 11 miles, by dredging and dike construction where necessary. The extreme tidal range is about 19 feet at the south end of the slough and about 16 feet at the north end. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.5 feet at the south end of the slough, 8.5 feet at the north end, and 6.5 feet at La Conner. The actual cost for new work was $409,030. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $100,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports 1 July 13, 1892 Channel 4 feet deep and 100 feet wide, and dike con- H. Doc. 31, 52d Cong., 1st sess., struction. and Annual Report, 1892, p. 2752. Aug. 30, 1935 Enlargement of the channel to present project di- Senate committee print, 73d Cong., mensions. 1st sess. 1 For latest published map, see H. Doc. 860, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Under the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, adopting the project for the 12- foot channel, local interests were required to furnish free of cost to the United States suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material during initial construction and for future maintenance as and when needed. Compliance with the conditions has not yet been required, as suitable areas for disposal of dredged material have been found without invoking the requirements of local co- operation. Terminal facilities. There are 10 wharves on Swinomish slough, all of which are privately owned and operated for industrial pur- poses and not open for general public use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Costs were $2.21, all for maintenance, for work done during the previous fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1937. The dikes are in good condition. In November 1955, the controlling depth in the channel was 5.0 feet at mean lower low water. The costs to June 30, 1956, have been $409,029,- 51, for new work and $1,014,835.95 for maintenance, a total of $1,423,865.46. 1758 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----------------........ ------............-----------------------............ ............ ............-------------- $409,030 Cost----------------- ------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ----------- 409,030 Maintenance:............ Appropriated------........ $3,120 $105,300 $107,600 $14,024------------........1,014,836 Cost----------------- 3,120 49,045 60,122 117,754 $2 1,014,836 4. NEAH BAY, WASH. Location. On the south side of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, 5 miles east of Cape Flattery, at the entrance to the strait from the Pacific Ocean, and about 60 miles west of Port Angeles, Wash. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 6102, 6265, and 6266.) Existing project. This provides for (1) a rubblestone break- water approximately 8,000 feet long between Waada Island and the westerly shore of the bay; and (2) reinforcement of the exist- ing rock revetment extending approximately 2,200 feet west from Baada Point, and about an 800-foot extension of the revetment westward. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.2 feet. The extreme range is 15.5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1956) is $2,069,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $37,300. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 20, 1938 Rubblestone breakwater..---- ---------------- ---- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 51, 75th Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 3, 1954 Reinforcement of existing revetment-------------- H. Doc. 404, 83d Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except provisions of the 1954 River and Harbor Act which require local interests to (a) furnish without cost to the United States, necessary rights- of-way or releases from occupants of Federal lands and any other easements or rights-of-way which may be needed for the work, and (b) agree to hold and save the United States free from damages to non-Federal property that may result from construc- tion and maintenance of the revetment. Formal resolution was adopted by the Crown Zellerbach Cor- poration on January 6, 1956, granting permission to use their roads for construction, reconstruction, and subsequent mainte- nance purposes and also waiving any claims for damages which may result from construction and maintenance of the project. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1759 On November 22, 1955, the Thirteenth Coast Guard District authorized entrance upon the Coast Guard reservation and com- mencement of operations, pending execution of formal permit by the Commandant, U. S. Coast Guard. By letter dated November 28, 1955, the Makah Tribal Council indicated that at its meeting of November 25, 1955, it had ap- proved a request for rights-of-way during construction of revet- ment and for future maintenance. Resolution No. 37 was adopted by the Makah Indian Tribe on December 12, 1955, giving formal permission to the Corps of Engineers to start the project. On December 16, 1955, the Western Washington Agency of the Bureau of Indian Affairs issued a temporary permit for entrance onto the Makah Reservation, pending issuance of formal permit. Local cooperation requirements will be fully complied with upon receipt of formal permits from the Commandant, U. S. Coast Guard, and the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Terminal facilities. There are 6 wharves at Neah Bay, includ- ing 2 owned by the United States which are used by the Coast Guard, and 4 privately owned wharves, 3 of which are open to general public use to accommodate small commercial fishing ves- sels. In addition to the wharves, there is a facility for dumping and rafting logs. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance planning and plans and specifications for the revetment work were com- pleted, and contract for construction work was awarded April 10, 1956. Contract work was 95 percent completed by June 30, 1956. Costs were $118,925.23, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 99 percent com- plete. The breakwater was completed in February 1944. In December 1955, the breakwater showed considerable loss of rock from the crest. Work on the revetment authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act was initiated. The project document for the 1954 modification, based on sur- veys completed in 1948, provides for reinforcement of the existing rock revetment extending 1,800 feet west from Baada Point, an immediate 200-foot extension of the revetment westward, and successive 200-foot extensions at intervals of 2 years, or as needed, for a total extension of 1,200 feet. The total authorized length of the revetment to be reinforced or involved in new construction is therefore approximately 3,00 feet. By 1955, the Coast Guard had extended the revetment to a total length of approximately 2,200 feet, and erosion had progressed to the point where the full authorized length was required immediately. Therefore, the re- vetment reinforcement and entire 1,200-foot extension are being accomplished at one time. Advance planning and plans and specifications were completed, and construction contract was awarded in April 1956. Contract operations were 95 percent complete. The costs to June 30, 1956, have been $2,053,407.93 for new work and $174,883.15 for maintenance, a total of $2,228,291.08. 1760 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- ------------......--......-...... . $135,000 069,483 $2, . Cost ----------------- . .------------ ..------------. ------------ 118,925 2,053,408 Maintenance: ....... Appropriated--------........ . -.. . $306- .................- ... -. -174,883 Cost--..................----------------- 306- ............ - 1.4....-----174, Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $10,433 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -------------------------------------- 10,433 5. LAKE CROCKETT, WASH. Location. The harbor is located on the west side of Whidbey Island, about 35 nautical miles north of Seattle, Wash. The lake lies parallel to Admiralty Bay and is separated from it by a nar- row strip of gravel beach. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6450.) Existing project. This provides for a basin in Lake Crockett with an area of about 6 acres and a: depth of 18 feet at mean lower low water, connected with Admiralty Bay by a channel of the same depth and 150 feet wide protected by a breakwater. The diurnal tidal range in Admiralty Bay is 8.8 feet and the extreme range is about 16.5 feet. The actual cost for new work was $260,240. The latest (1955) estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 303, 77th Cong., 1st sess., Which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There is one publicly owned and privately operated passenger and automobile ferry landing within the dredged basin which is open for public use. The United States has a wharf just outside of the basin. The public terminal is adequate for existing commercial traffic. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing totaling 67,712 cubic yards was accomplished by contract in March 1956 at a cost of $50,961.48, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in January 1948. A survey made in March 1956 showed project dimensions available in the entrance channel and basin. The breakwater was in good condition in March 1956. The costs to June 30, 1956, have been $260,239.67 for new work and $77,790.77 for maintenance, a total of $338,030.44. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1761 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated, ------------ ----------------------------------------------- $260,240 Cost------------------------------------------------------------------- 260,240 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... . .-- .----- $1,000 $4,596 . . $50,961 77,790 Cost._ _- ..---------------.-. -- 101 5,495 -- 50,961 77,790 6. EVERETT HARBOR AND SNOHOMISH RIVER, WASH. Location. On Port Gardner Bay, at the northern end of Pos- session Sound, an arm of Puget Sound, 30 miles north of Seattle and 45 miles south of Bellingham. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6448.) Previous projects. The original project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, provided for a basin in front of the Everett Peninsula, for a channel from the end of the basin around the peninsula to the head of Old River, and for a dike from the lower end of Smith Island to the south end of the basin. By authority of joint resolution of Congress approved April 23, 1902, the work in Old River was discontinued. The project was further modified by the River and Harobr Act of March 3, 1905, to provide for survey of Everett Harbor with a view to the extension of the dike and of the dredged area. For further details, see page 704 of Annual Report for 1905, page 2005 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1883 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for (1) a training dike extend- ing from a point opposite 23d Street northward to the outlet of Snohomish River, a distance of 12,550 feet, with a spur dike extending 400 feet to the pierhead line from the north end of the main dike; (2) a spur dike extending 1,410 feet westward from Preston Point; (3) removal of an existing section of training dike north of the Snohomish River outlet; (4) a channel 150 to 425 feet wide and 15 feet deep at mean lower low water from deep water in Port Gardner Bay to the 14th Street dock; thence a settling basin 700 feet wide, 1,200 feet long, and 20 feet deep, thence a channel 100 feet wide and 8 feet deep to the outlet of the Snohomish River, a total distance of 2.6 miles; and (5) maintaining East Waterway to a depth of 30 feet at mean lower low water. The extreme tidal range is about 19 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.1 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1956) is $762,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1955) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance of the entire project is $48,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1762 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 25, 1910 Training dike 10,500 feet long extending across the bar H. Doc. 1108, 60th Cong., 2d sess. at the outlet of Old River Channel. July 3, 1930 Raising 6,000 feet of the training dike, extending spur H. Doc. 377, 71st Cong., 2d sess. dike, widening gap in dike as required, maintaining East Waterway and the channel to the gap. June 20, 1938 Abandoned the project for Snohomish River, and H. Doc. 546, 75th Cong., 3d sess. provided for the settling basin. Sept. 3, 1954 Spur dike at Preston Point, removal of training dike H. Doc. 569, 81st Cong., 2d sess. north of river outlet, enlarging channel to 14th St., (contains latest published map). and deepening settling basin. Local cooperation. None required, except the provisions of the 1954 River and Harbor Act, which require local interests to (a) furnish without cost to the United States all necessary lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for construction and maintenance of the improvements, when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from construction and maintenance of the improvements; and (c) maintain depths in access channels to the 14th Street mooring basin and to the terminals commensurate with the depth provided in the related project channel. Local interests have indicated willingness to comply with these requirements. Terminal facilities. There are 25 wharves and piers on Everett Harbor and Snohomish River--12 are located on Port Gardner Bay, 6 on the channel to the gap, and 7 on Snohomish River. Seven wharves are suitable for use by oceangoing vessels; all of these are located on Port Gardner Bay and East Waterway Chan- nel and one serves a publicly owned and operated general cargo terminal that is open for public use. The remaining wharves are used for barges and light-draft vessels and serve various industrial purposes. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing contract was awarded June 27, 1956. Total costs during the fiscal year were $2,613.45, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 44 per- cent complete. Dike work was commenced in September 1911, and terminated in September 1912. A 6,000-foot section of dike was raised to an elevation of 14 feet above mean lower low water in 1931. The channel between the river outlet and the lower harbor was dredged to 8 feet in 1931 and the settling basin to 12 feet in 1940. Dredging of East Waterway has been completed by local interests. Work authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act remains to be done to complete the project. Controlling depths in January 1956 were 7.0 feet in the chan- nel from the lower harbor to the settling basin, 5.0 feet in the settling basin, 3.4 feet from the settling basin upstream for 4,600 feet, and thence 3.1 feet to the gap in the dike. Controlling depth in East Waterway in March 1955, was 27.5 feet. The dike was in good condition except for the southerly end. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been $325,968.16 for new work and $357,116.23 for maintenance, a total of $683,084.39. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1763 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------------------------------.------------- ----------- $744,177 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------ ------------ 744,177 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ----- $2,500 $76,472 $3,800 $2,307 $80,928 441,384 Cost......------------ 2,177 76,686 3,870 2,259 2,614 362,985 1Includes $418,209.14 for new work and $5,868.63 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $120, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___-------------------------------------- 120, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------- 316, 000 7. CHIEF JOSEPH DAM, COLUMBIA RIVER, WASH. Location. The Columbia River rises in Columbia Lake, British Columbia, at elevation 2,650, flows northwesterly for nearly 200 miles, then southerly through Upper and Lower Arrow Lakes to enter the United States near the northeast corner of the State of Washington. From the international boundary the river flows south 112 miles to a point below the mouth of the Spokane River, then west 100 miles to the mouth of the Okanogan River, passing Grand Coulee Dam and Chief Joseph Dam en route. Swinging south, the river follows the eastern foothills of the Cascade Mountains for 209 miles to its confluence with Snake River. A few miles below the Snake, it turns sharply westward and flows for 324 miles, forming the Washington-Oregon bound- ary, to the Pacific Ocean. The works covered by this project are on the Columbia River just upstream from the mouth of Foster Creek, 11/2 miles upstream from the town of Bridgeport, Wash., and 51 miles downstream from Grand Coulee Dam. (U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet 'Okanogan, Wash.," shows the general locality.) Existing project. The project provides for a straight concrete gravity overflow dam on the Columbia River, 220 feet high, for a powerhouse, and an intake of sufficient capacity to utilize future upstream storage. The powerhouse will have 16 units installed initially and a substructure for 4 additional units. The ultimate installed capacity will be dependent upon the rate and amount of future development of upstream storage. Present plans provide for future expansion to a maximum development of 27 units. All units are to be 64,000 kilowatts capacity. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1956) is $150,000,000 (16 units). The latest (1955) approved estimate for average annual cost of operation and maintenance for a 50-year project life is $1,853,000 for 16 units. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 693, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) 1764 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Hired labor operations were carried on as follows: Acquisition of reservoir lands was continued. Acquisition of permanent project mobile equipment, shop facilities, tools, supplies, and floating plant was substantially completed. A work barge was designed and ready for advertisement for bids at the end of the fiscal year. Engineering and design were completed for the following items: Main unit substation (4 units), wire and cable (third group), and initial construction for right bank visitors area. Prepara- tion of construction drawings to supplement contract drawings for construction of the powerhouse and intake structure and instal- lation of powerhouse equipment was continued. Engineering re- quired in connection with various reservoir relocation agree- ments was continued. Procurement contracts completed during the fiscal year include station-service turbines and governors, station-service generators, and main unit generators (4 units). Procurement contracts substantially completed during the fiscal year include main unit turbines (10 units), main unit transformers (12 units), main unit governors (10 units), 15-kilovolt bus, breakers, and grounding equipment (12 units), main control switchboard (8 units), and wire and cable (third group). Procurement contracts under way but not completed during the fiscal year include 100,000-horsepower turbines (6 units), 64,000- kilowatt generators (12 units), main unit governors (6 units), main unit transformers (4 units), main control boards and ap- purtenant equipment (8 units), 15-kilovolt bus, breakers, and :grounding :equipment (4 units), and :main unit substation (4 units). Of these contracts, the following were awarded during the fiscal year Main unit generators (6 units), main unit trans- formers (4 units), and main unit substation (4 units) Work was accomplished on the following construction con- tracts: Work performed under the powerhouse-construction con- tract for genierator bays, station-service bay, and assembly in- cluded embedment of turbine parts, gallery construction, penstock erection,' and architectural features. Contract for installation of powerhouse equipment and completion of powerhouse and appurtenances was continued. Work accomplished includes in- stallation of turbine rotating parts, main, unit swithchboards and switchgear, conduit and piping, receiving and storing of generator parts and other items of electrical equipment for installation, and completion of architectural features. Maintenance, hired labor: The first three main generating units, numbered 10 to; 12, inclusive, were put in operation in August 1955; the fourth, No. 9, in November 1955. The two station-service units, the spillway dam, intake structure, and buildings and grounds also were placed under normal operation and maintenance. A powerhouse operators and mechanics train- ing course was established at the project in January 1956. Mis- cellaneous minor improvements and removal of safety hazards RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1765 were accomplished. Staffing of permanent operation and main- tenance personnel was continued. Costs for the fiscal year were $13,751,169.09 for new work and $433,076.62 for maintenance, a total of $14,184,245.71. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 84 percent complete. Engineering and design (including con- struction drawings) are about 83 percent complete. Construction contracts completed include construction of first cofferdam, right bank blanket and foundation excavation, commenced in July 1950 and completed in August 1951; excavation of intake canal and relocation of State Highway 10B, completed in June 1951; access highway, completed in October 1950; Okanogan River bridge on the access highway, completed in November 1950; Columbia River bridge, completed in August 1951; housing, administration, and maintenance facilities, completed in September 1950; lawn seed- ing and landscaping of housing and administration areas, com- pleted in July 1951; right bank piezometer installation, completed in December 1954; reservoir clearing, completed in April 1954; relocation of water-supply system at Elmer City, completed in October 1954; relocation of Okanogan County roads 269 and 381, completed in April 1955; log booms and related facilities, com- pleted in April 1955; warehouse and utility shops, completed in November 1955; grading and fencing right bank visitors' vista parking and intake channel fencing, completed in April 1956. Construction of the main dam and excavation for the power- house and intake structure, commenced in February 1951, was completed in June 1955. Construction of powerhouse and intake structure, commenced in April 1952, is 99 percent complete. Installation of powerhouse equipment, started in October 1953, is 73 percent complete. Acquisition of project lands is 86 percent complete. All land has been acquired, and remaining 14 percent are pending closing condemnation cases. Installation of main unit generators has progressed in accord- ance with the new approved schedule, which provides for units 5 though 8 and 13 and 14 on the line during fiscal year 1957. Procurement contracts completed include sluice gates, 19 tainter gates, tainter-gate-operating machinery, two 165-ton bridge cranes, 50-ton intake gantry crane, 18-ton draft tube gantry crane, draft tube stop-logs, 4,160-volt switchgear,, station-service substation, station-service-control switchboards, 480-volt motor control centers, trash racks, intake gates, intake-gate-operating machinery, truck cranes, main unit substation (12 units), 480-volt substation, main dam switchgear, station-service transformer, trashrack rake, 230-volt equipment, operators' cubicles, machine- shop equipment, wire and cable (first and second groups), station- service turbines and governors, station-service. generators, and main unit generators (4 units). Work is continuing on procure- ment contracts in force but not completed. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of engineering and design of powerhouse .equipment to be procured under sUpply contracts; completion of engineering and design for miscellaneous minor features: completion :of 1766 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 construction drawings for powerhouse and intake structure and for installation of powerhouse equipment; awarding supply con- tracts for equipment and materials for the project; completion of construction features now in progress; completion of installation of powerhouse equipment and miscellaneous minor features; and completion of land acquisition and work under various relocation agreements. The total cost to June 30, 1956, have been $126,952,376.90 for new work and $433,076.62 for maintenance, a total of $127,385,453.52. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $16,892,000 $14,903,000 $23,350,000 $27,000,000 $18,000,000 $126,845,760 Cost-------------- 15,008,561 24,600,174 32,092,598 25,081,917 13,751,169 126,952,377 Maintenance: ...........- Appropriated------........-............ ... . .. ...-- 439,594 439,594 Cost------- -----------------------------------------------............ 433,077 433,077 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 $9, 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------___------_ 9, 500, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project __ - --- --------- __ _ 13, 654, 240 8. QUILLAYUTE RIVER, WASH. Location. This river is formed by the junction of the Soleduck and Bogachiel Rivers, and flows westerly 5 miles to the Pacific Ocean at La Push, Wash., about 30 miles south of Cape Flattery. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6102.) Existing project. This provides for (1) a jetty 15 feet high above mean lower low water on the easterly side of the river mouth, and a dike on the westerly side, with a view of stabilizing the entrance; (2) a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide ex- tending 2,000 feet upstream from deep water; and (3) a basin 10 feet deep, 300 to 425 feet wide, and 2,400 feet long upstream of the channel. The length of the section included in the project is 4,400 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at La Push is 8.3 feet. The extreme range is about 15 feet. The estimated cost for new work (July 1956) is $512,000, exclusive of $20,000 to be continued. The groins authorized with the dike are considered to be inactive, and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1954, and was estimated to be $12,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $86,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1767 Acts Work authorized Documents and reports July 3, 1930 Jetty (5 feet high) on easterly side of mouth, and a H. Doc. 125, 71st Cong., 1st sess. dike with groins, on the westerly side, to stabilize entrance.' Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance dredging to provide a channel 6 feet H. Doc. 218, 78th Cong., 1st sess. deep and of suitable width from ocean to within river mouth. Sept. 3, 1954 Raising jetty to height of 15 feet; channel 10 feet by H. Doc. 579, 81st Cong., 2d sess. 100 feet, 2,000 feet long; moorage basin. (contains latest published map.) 1 The groins have been classified as "inactive." Local cooperation. Provisions of the 1930 River and Harbor Act have been fully complied with, including agreement to repair any breach in the sand spit north of James Island. The Port of Port Angeles expended $1,680 for protective works on the spit in 1953; and in 1956, approximately $20,000 for repairing a breach in the spit caused by a flood and storm in November 1955. A channel 6 feet deep, 50 feet wide, and about 2,500 feet long, extending upstream from Coast Guard ways, was dredged in 1948 and 1949 with Coast Guard funds. Under the 1954 River and Harbor Act, local interests are re- quired to (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way including quarry rights, necessary for the construction of the project and furnish suitable spoil- disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the im- provement; (c) accomplish and maintain alterations in sewer, water supply, drainage, and other utility facilities when and as required; (d) provide and maintain adequate mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with supply facilities, open to all on equal terms; and (e) contribute $20,000 in cash toward the cost of the improvement. Local interests have indi- cated willingness to comply with these requirements, but no work has been done as yet. Terminal facilities. There are 4 terminals at La Push, near the mouth of the Quillayute River; of these, 3 privately owned are open to public use to accommodate small commercial fishing vessels, and 1 owned by the United States is used as a Coast Guard station. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, under contract, commenced in May 1956, was about 75 per- cent completed. Approximately 15,000 cubic yards had been dredged by June 30, 1956. Total costs during the fiscal year were $17,980.72, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 13 per- cent complete. The low jetty and dike were completed in 1931, omitting the groins, which do: not appear necessary or desirable, and have been classified as inactive. An inspection made in June 1956 showed the project to be in fair condition except. for the dike between James Island and the spit. Controlling depth in the mouth of the river was about 5 feet at mean lower low water. 1768 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S ARMY, 1956 The work authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act remains to be done to complete the project. The costs to June 30, 1956, have been $68,000 for new work and $179,712.44 for maintenance, a total of $247,712.44. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to _June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated Cost----------------*- -------- -------- --- ------------------------------------- --------- $68,000 , Maintenance: Appropriated--........ $1, 091 $52,000 -$29,166 ----..... -. $35,314 197,046 Cost ................-------------- 1,091 2,424 20,410 17,981 179,712 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $444, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------------------_- _ 444, 000 9. SHILSHOLE BAY, SEATTLE, WASH. Location. This bay is an indentation of Puget Sound within the northwesterly city limits of Seattle, at the entrance to the Lake Washington Ship Canal. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6449.) Existing project. This provides for construction of 4,200 feet of breakwater north of the Lake Washington Ship Canal entrance and dredging the entrance and southerly part of the basin to a depth of 15 feet at mean lower low water and 1,100 feet square, and the northerly part of the basin to a depth of 10 feet. The diurnal range of tide is 11.3 feet, and the extreme range is about 19.3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1956) is $2,200,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $8,900. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954 . (See H. Doc. 536, 81st Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Provisions of the 1954 Act require local interests to (a) furnish without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for construction and maintenance of the improvement, when and as required, including provision and maintenance of necessary bulkheads for retention of the spoil; (b) provide and maintain all alterations in utilities, as required; (c) hold and save the United States free-from all damages' that may result from conistruction and maintenance of the :improvement; (d) maintain: project depths in the basin areas occupied by. boat slips and stalls; and (e) provide, maintain, and operate suitable mooring facilities, including a public landing with supply facilities, utilities, and a parking area, open to all on equal teims. :The Port of Seattle Commission has indicated willingness to assume responsibility as RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1769 local sponsor for the project, and has initiated action toward compliance with the foregoing terms. Terminal facilities. There are six pier and wharf facilities in Shilshole Bay, all of which are within the canal entrance below the locks. These are privately owned and are used for servicing and moorage of small craft. (See "Terminal facilities" for Lake Washington Ship Canal.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Site surveys, foun- dation studies, and work on project design were carried on at a total cost of $12,322.07, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance planning was about 99 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. :No work has been done on construction. Total costs have been $12,322.07, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ----------------------- . ---- ----------------- $20,000 $20,000 Cost.------------- ------------------------------------------ 12,322 12,322 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956______ $7, 678 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------- --- _ _ 407, 678 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for --- completion of existing project_____________---- 1,780,000 10. LAKE WASHINGTON SHIP CANAL, WASH, Location. This improvement lies entirely within the city of Seattle and extends from Puget Sound through Shilshole Bay, Salmon Bay, Lake Union, Portage Bay, and Union Bay to deep water in Lake Washington. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6447.) Previous projects. The original project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, provided for dredging Salmon Bay and the improvement of the waterway connecting the waters of Puget Sound, at Salmon Bay, with Lakes Union and Washing- ton, by enlarging the said waterway into a ship canal, with neces- sary locks and appliances. The project as modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902, provided for dredging a low- water channel 10 feet in depth from Shilshole Bay through Salmon Bay to the wharves at Ballard; and for the appointment of a board of engineers to make investigations for constructing a canal, over alternate routes, with necessary locks and dams. For further details see page 2003, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1880, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a double lock and fixed dam with movable crest and necessary accessory works at the 1770 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Narrows at the entrance to Salmon Bay, approximately 11/4 miles from deep water in Puget Sound; for a channel 34 feet deep at mean lower low water and 300 feet wide from Puget Sound to the Great Northern Railway bridge, about 5,500 feet, with a passing basin 34 feet deep and log basin 8 feet deep at the turn below the railway bridge; thence 34 feet deep and 150 to 200 feet wide to the locks, about 900 feet; and a guide pier 600 feet long; for the revetment of the canal banks between the locks and Lake Union and between Lakes Union and Washington; and for a channel 30 feet deep with a width of 100 feet from the locks to Lake Union, 200 feet thence to Portage Cut, 100 feet through Portage Cut, and thence 200 feet wide through Union Bay to Lake Washington. The following table shows the principal features of the double lock and dam. (The structures are located at Seattle, Wash.) Large lock Small lock Miles above mouth---------------------------------------------------......................................................... 11 Clear width of chamber---.----------------------------.feet_. 80 30 Maximum available length --------------------------------- do... 760 123 Lift --------------------------------------------------- do. 26 26 Depth on upper miter sill_......----------------------------------do.. 36 16 Depth on intermediate miter sill-----------------------------.......................................do_ 29 Depth on lower miter sill ---------------------------------- do 29 16 Character of foundation- .----------------------------------------- (8) (8) Kind of dam ----------------------------------------------------- (4) (4) Type of construction----------------------------------------------- () (5) Year completed ----------------------------------------------------- 1916 1916 Cost-- --------------------------------------------------- (6) (8) 1 Low water in upper pool. 2 Mean lower low water in Puget Sound. a Clay. 4 Fixed dam with movable crest. b Concrete. 6 The cost of double lock and dam was $2,224,712 and the emergency gates, completed in 1923, $174,698.31. The length of section included in this project is about 8 miles. The extreme tidal range is 19.3 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.3 feet, and between mean lower low water and extreme low water is 4.5 feet. The ordinary fluctuation in the upper pool is approximately 16 inches and the extreme fluctuation is 2 feet. The actual cost for new work was $3,539,295, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1955) ap- proved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $405,000, of which $363,000 is for operating and care of locks and dam. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS--SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1771 Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 25, 1910 For a double lock and fixed dam with movable crest H. Doc. 953, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 4, 1913 and necessary accessory works at the entrance to Salmon Bay; dredging a channel from the locks to deep water in Puget Sound, and excavation by local interests of a channel from the locks into Lake Washington. Aug. 8, 1917 Dredging below the locks and revetting canal banks_-- H. Doc. 800, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Increased dimensions of the channel between Puget H. Doc. 324, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Sound and the locks and a 600-foot extension of the lower guide pier. June 26, 19341 Operating and care of the locks and dam provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. Aug. 30, 19352 Enlargement of the channel between the locks and H. Doc. 140, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' Lake Washington. 1Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. $ Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 111 wharves, piers, and landings on Lake Washington Ship Canal and adjacent inland waters, including Shilshole Bay, Salmon Bay, Lake Union, Portage Bay, and Lake Washington. Fifteen wharves are used for moorage and servicing of commercial fishing vessels; of these, 4 are publicly owned. Other publicly operated wharves include 6 used by agencies of the United States Government, and 3 by the city of Seattle. The other wharves include 15 used for the building, outfitting, or repair of vessels, 16 for handling petroleum prod- ucts, 29 for various industrial purposes, and 27 for mooring and servicing pleasure craft. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The locks were operated and maintained throughout the year. Rehabilitation ac- complished under contract included the installation of one set of floating mooring bits along the north wall of the small lock, painting large lock emergency dam, and reconstruction of Fre- mont Bridge guide pier. Rehabilitation accomplished by hired labor included the fabrication of two stoney gate valves and stems for large lock, repairing terminal-fill bulkhead and wharf, and removing damaged pavement below the large lock and replacing with lawn. The costs were $419,271.80, all for operation and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1934. The water between the locks and Lake Washing- ton is nontidal and is maintained between elevations 20 feet and 22 feet above mean lower low water in Puget Sound. The con- trolling depths in midchannel when last ascertained were as follows: From Puget Sound to the locks, 28.2 feet in October 1953; the locks to Lake Union, 29.7 feet in October 1953; Lake Union to Lake Washington, 29.2 feet in November 1953. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been $3,539,294.87 for new work, including $192,516.44 Public Works funds, $108,379.38 for maintenance, and $5,463,389.82 for opera- tion and care, a total of $9,111,064.07. 1772 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 In addition, the sum of $1,631,195.33 was expended between 1916 and 1936 on the operation and care of the works of im- provement, under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. In addition there was expended by the State of Washington $246,567.07, and by King County, $742,070.51 in the excavation of the channel above the locks and in construction of concrete revet- ment at the portage. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1.956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated--------........ Cost -------- -- ------------ ------------------------------------ ----------- ----------------------------------------------- $4,024,297 4,024,297 Maintenance: ------ Appropriated........ $328,817 $371, 500 $467, 800 $322, 220 000 $437, 7,221,040 Cost---------------- 392,089 335,208 358,183 473,091 419,272 7,202,965 1Includes $485,002 for new work for previous projects. 11. TACOMA HARBOR, WASH. Location. This harbor is 30 miles south of Seattle and em- braces Commencement Bay and tributary waterways. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6407.) Previous projects. The project for the Puyallup Waterway, providing for a channel 500 feet wide, 32 feet deep, and 3,650 feet long, was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905; suspended by the act of June 25, 1910; and abandoned by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935. For further details, see pages 1372 to 1376 of Annual Report for 1934, and page 1875 of Annual Report for 1938. The project providing for maintenance of a channel in Wapato (Port Industrial) Waterway, 700 feet wide and 34 feet deep over such length as shall have been dredged by local interests to di- meisions stated, Was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, superseded by the project for that waterway adopted March 2, 1945, and again superseded by the existing project adopted September 3, 1954. For further details, see page 1702 of Annual Report for 1944, and Page 1502 of Annual Report for 1954. Existing project. This provides for (1) a channel in City Waterway, 500 feet wide and 29 feet deep at mean lower low water from deep water in Commencement Bay to the 11th Street Bridge, 500 feet wide and 22 feet deep to the 14th Street Bridge, and varying from 500 to 250 feet wide and 19 feet deep from the 14th Street Bridge to the end of this waterway, a total length of 8,500 feet; (2) a channel in Hylebos Waterway 200 feet wide and 30 feet deep from Commencement Bay to the bend below Lincoln Avenue, thence 150 feet wide and 30 feet deep for about 3,000 feet to the head of the waterway, and a turning basin of the same depth, 410 feet wide and 900 feet average length; (3) construction RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1773 of two training walls, each about 700 feet long, at the mouth of Puyallup River; and (4) dredging to a depth of 30 feet, Port Industrial (Wapato) Waterway from deep water in Commence- ment Bay to not nearer than 100 feet from Lincoln Avenue, and over widths not nearer than 50 feet from established pierhead lines or lateral limits of the waterway, except through East 11th Street Bridge, where the channel width shall be 150 feet. The extreme tidal range is about 20 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.8 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1956) is $956,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, and exclusive of $59,800 value in work contributed by local interests for dredg- ing Port Industrial (Wapato) Waterway. The latest (1955) approved estimates for annual cost of main- tenance are as follows: City Waterway, $10,000; Hylebos Water- way, $16,000; Port Industrial (Wapato) Waterway, $14,000; and Puyallup River training walls, $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 13, 1902 City Waterway- . - ----------------------- H. Doc. 76, 56th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930) Hylebos Waterway ..------.. Rivers and Harbors Committee .--------------------- Aug. 26, 1937) Doc. 25, 71st Cong., 2d sess.,xand Rivers and Harbors Committee x Doc. 91, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Training walls at the mouth of Puyallup River. Rivers and Harbors Committee (Training walls previously authorized by the Doc. 55, 72d Cong., 2d sess. Public Works Administration Sept. 6, 1933.) Sept. 3, 1954 Port Industrial (Wapato) Waterway extension- ....- _- Chief of Engineers' Report dated April 11, 1955.2 1Contains latest published maps of Hylebos Waterway. 2 Contains latest published map of Port Industrial Waterway. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except for Port Indus- trial Waterway, the improvement of which is subject to the pro- visions that local interests (a) furnish all lands, easements, dis- posal areas and rights-of-way necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvement when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from construction and maintenance of the improvement; (c) make alterations as required in sewer, water supply, drainage and other utility facilities, and (d) provide and maintain suitable terminal and transfer facilities, and adequate depthss in ap- proaches and berthing areas adjacent to the terminals. In a formal agreement dated February 13, 1956, between the Federal Government and port of Tacoma, the port agreed to comply with the foregoing requirements. The port agreed further to bear one-half the project costs allocable to land enhancement ($59,800). The Government agreed to reimburse 'the port for dredging done by the port in the Federal project area in excess of the contribution for land enhancement. Terminal facilities. There are 74 wharves and piers on Ta- coma Harbor. Seventeen are located on Commencement Bay, 27 on City Waterway, 4 on Middle Waterway, 6 on Milwaukee Water- 1774 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 way, 8 on Port Industrial Waterway, and 12 on Hylebos Water- way. Twenty-eight of the wharves are suitable for use by ocean- going vessels; of these 5 serving general cargo terminals and 1 serving a grain elevator are open for public use; 2 of the former and the latter are publicly owned. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Plans and specifications were completed, and contract for dredging Port Industrial Waterway was awarded February 28, 1956. Dredging was started May 4, 1956, and approximately 512,500 cubic yards were dredged during the fiscal year, completing 78 percent of the work. Initial payment of $275,000 was made to the Port of Tacoma for dredging accomplished in fiscal year 1955 in the project area. Costs were $412,599.01, all for new work. Maintenance: The east training wall at the mouth of Puyallup Waterway was reconstructed under contract during April and May 1956 at a cost of $25,896.09, all for maintenance. Costs during the fiscal year were $412,599.01 for new work and $25,896.09 for maintenance, a total of $438,495.10. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 90 percent complete. City Waterway was completed in 1905. The costs have been $150,018.58 for new work and $207,310.34 for maintenance, a total of $357,328.92, not including $5,000 expended for mainte- nance from contributed funds. The depths available in March 1955 were as follows: 29.2 feet over a width of 500 feet, from Commencement Bay to South 11th Street; 20.9 feet over a width of 500 feet, from South 11th Street to South 14th Street; and 13.2 feet over a width of 130 feet, from South 14th Street to the head of the waterway. Hylebos Waterway was completed in 1939. The costs have been $212,501.60 for new work and $74,442.08 for maintenance, a total of $286,943.68. Depths available in March 1955 were as follows: 29.3 feet over a width of 150 feet from deep water in Commencement Bay to East 11th Street; 28.8 feet over a width of 150 feet from East 11th Street to bend below Lincoln Avenue; and 28.3 feet over a width of 150 feet above Lincoln Avenue, with a least depth of 30 feet in the turning basin, except in the upper 100 feet and along the edges. The two rubblemound training walls at the mouth of Puyallup River were completed in 1934 at a cost of $51,609.12, all for new work. Maintenance costs have been $42,720.21. Total costs to date have been $94,329.33. On April 4, 1943, a slide destroyed the east training wall. Approximately 550 feet of this wall were replaced by an untreated-contact-pile structure during July 1954, which has been partly or completely destroyed by teredo action. Construction of a treated-contact-pile wall to replace the untreated structure was completed in May 1956. The west wall is in good condition. Plans and specifications have been completed, and new work contract dredging in Port Industrial Waterway commenced in May 1956, with about 512,500 cubic yards of material being re- RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1775 moved to complete about 78 percent of the contract. The Port of Tacoma has dredged about 1,588,000 cubic yards of the Federal project work in the waterway. Total costs to date have been $412,599.01, all for new work. Miscellaneous inspections and reports have been made at a cost of $2,164.51, all for maintenance. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completing the Port Industrial Waterway dredging. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been $826,728.31 for new work, including $51,609.12 public works funds, and $326,637.14 for maintenance, a total of $1,153,365.45, not including $5,000 contributed funds for maintenance, or final payment to the port of Tacoma for work accomplished by the port in Port Industrial Waterway. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1s 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-----------------__-_ .....-- ----- - - -- $646,200 8 $1,219,914 Cost----- --------------------------------------------- 412,599 986,313 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ -$870 $2, 600 $17,500 -$507 25,894 331, 985 Cost------------------ 1,893 2,453 5,988 11,257 25,896 331,984 1Includes $159,584.46 for new work and $5,346.91 for maintenance for previous projects. s In addition $5,000 formaintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-... 3 $122, 814 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-_----------------__---__3 122, 814 $Includes $113,500 loaned funds. 12. GRAYS HARBOR AND CHEHALIS RIVER, WASH. Location. Grays Harbor lies at the mouth of Chehalis River, in the southwestern part of the State of Washington, 45 miles north of the entrance to Columbia River. The inner portion comprises two main channels, the south and the north, connecting the harbor proper with the Chehalis River at Aberdeen. Chehalis River rises in the southwestern part of the State of Washington, about 40 miles east of the Pacific Ocean, flows in a general northwesterly direction and empties into the eastern part of Grays Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6195.) Previous projects. The original project for the Chehalis River, adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882, provided for removal of log jams and for annual snagging. The original project for the inner harbor, adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, provided for improvement of north channel, by constructing a dike across middle channel and head of south channel; and improving Chehalis River from Grays Harbor to Montesano by dredging a channel 16 feet deep and 200 feet wide and by diking across 5 sloughs. For further details, see pages 2002-2003 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1863 of Annual Report for 1938. 1776 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel across the bar 600 feet wide and 30 feet deep, to be secured by a south jetty 13,734 feet long and a north jetty 16,000 feet long, both at an elevation of 16 feet above mean lower low water and by dredging; for maintenance of a channel 30 feet deep at mean lower low water and 350 feet wide from deep water in Grays Harbor to Cow Point, a distance of 14 miles; thence 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide, suit- ably widened at the bends, to a point 13,700 feet upstream from the Union Pacific Railroad bridge at Aberdeen, a distance of 41/8 miles; a turning basin 30 feet deep, 550 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long at the upstream end of the 30-foot channel near Cosmopolis; for a channel 14 feet deep at mean lower low water and 100 feet wide in South Bay to Bay City; for 2 breakwaters at, and mainte- nance of an entrance channel to, Westhaven Cove; and for protec- tion of Point Chehalis for an exposed length of about 7,500 feet. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 9 feet at Point Chehalis, 9.9 feet at Aberdeen, and 8.1 feet at Montesano. The extreme range is 15 feet at Point Chehalis, 18.1 feet at Aberdeen, and 23.8 feet at Montesano (river flood of 1935). The estimate of cost for new work (July 1956) is $5,184,000, exclusive of $36,000 contributed by local interests. The Cosmo- polis to Montesana portion of the project (dredging from 12- to 16-foot depth) is classified as inactive, and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was last revised in 1955, and was estimated to be $244,000. This cost also does not include amounts expended on previous projects and Navy funds expended on deepening from 26 feet to 30 feet the channel from deep water in Grays Harbor to the Port of Grays Harbor Commission terminal, nor does it include $244,000 local interests' share of the inactive portion. The latest (1955) approved esti- mates for annual cost of maintenance are as follows: Dredging in the section below Aberdeen, $373,700; maintenance of West- haven breakwaters and entrance channel, and Point Chehalis pro- tection, $70,000; and for the 30-foot channel from the port terminal to Cosmopolis, $13,000. Local interests are to enlarge and main- tain Westhaven base, and maintain the channel above Cosmopolis. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1777 Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 3, 1896 South jetty- ... -.--................-..... Annual Report, 1895, pp. 3517-3533. Mar. 2, 1907 A north jetty, 9,000 feet long___ - -Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 2, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Do ...... The 18-foot channel-- --- _. --- _ H. Doc. 507, 59th Cong 1st sess. June 25, 1910 Extension of the north jetty, 7,000 feet; length of the Rivers and Harbors Committee south jetty fixed at 13,734 feet. Doc. 29, 61st Cong., d sess. Do -.....A 6-foot channel above Cosmopolis. _--------------- H. Doc. 1125, 60th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 Dredging in the bar channel_ H. Doc. 1729, 64th Cong., 2d sess.; Jan. 21, 1927 H. Doc. 582, 69th Cong.,'2d seas. July 3, 1930 The 16-foot channel from Cosmopolis to Montesano 1_ H. Doc. 315, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Reconstruction of the north and south jetties to an Rivers and Harbors Committee elevation of 16 feet above mean lower low water. Doc. 2, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Do-...... Maintenance of the 26-foot channel below Aberdeen H. Doc. 53, 73d Cong., 1st sess.; (as authorized by the Public WorksAdministration Rivers and Harbors Committee Dec. 11, 1933) and for combining the projects for Doc. 2, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Grays Harborand bar entrance, and Grays Harbor, inner portion, and Chehalis River, under a modi- fled project for Grays Harbor and Chehalis River. Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of a 30-foot depth in the channel from Report on file in Office, Chief of deep water in Grays Harbor, to the port of Grays Engineers. Harbor Commission terminal, which was deepened from 26 to 30 feet with Navy funds. June 30, 1948 The 14-foot channel to Bay City; breakwater at H. Doc. 635, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Westhaven; protection of Point Chehalis; and maintenance of Westhaven entrance channel. Sept. 3, 1954 Dredging and maintenance of a 30-foot channel and H. Doc. 412, 83d Cong., 2d sess. turning basin from Aberdeen to Cosmopolis. Do....... Additional breakwater, 1,400 feet long, at Westhaven H. Doc. 30, 84th Cong., 1st sess.' Cove. 1 This modification is classified as "inactive" and consists of a channel 16 feet deep,150 feet wide, and 10 miles long, with a turning basin 16 feet deep, 1,500 feet long, and 200 to 500 feet wide, at Montesano. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, adopting the 16-foot channel, provides that local interests con- tribute one-half the first cost, estimated at $280,000, and give as- surances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and Chief of En- gineers that they will assume the entire cost of maintenance of same and provide a suitable public terminal at Montesano. These assurances have been given and $35,834.27 contributed, which was expended in 1931 with an equal amount of Government funds in securing a 12-foot channel to Montesano, the remaining contribu- tion necessary to complete the project being deferred until a later date, as approved by the Secretary of War, March 18, 1931. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, continues the re- quirement that local interests shall pay one-half of the first cost of enlarging the channel between Cosmopolis and Montesano, and further provides that the Grays Harbor Port Commission shall continue to remove all snags and deadheads from the channels, shall furnish free of cost to the United States suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material as and when needed, and shall assist in the work of maintenance by loaning to the United States, when not required on the work of the Commission, its pipeline dredge without charge other than reimbursement to the Port of Grays Harbor Commission for the operating costs of the dredge on a basis approved by the Chief of Engineers, and maintain the chan- nel above the Union Pacific Railroad bridge at Aberdeen.' These conditions have been met as required to cover current needs. With Navy funds, the 26-foot channel was deepened to 30 feet, 1Modified by 1954 River and Harbor Act. 1778 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 and widened to 350 feet in the narrow section, from the port ter- minal to deep water, at a cost of $162,000. The Act of June 30, 1948, authorizing the Bay City Channel and improvements at Westhaven and Point Chehalis, provides that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish lands and rights-of-way required for construction and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial dredg- ing and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; maintain depths at the Bay City wharf commensurate with those of the channel; lend to the United States the port of Grays Harbor dredge for dredging the Bay City and Westhaven Channels, without charge other than reimbursement for the operating cost of the dredge on a basis approved by the Chief of Engineers; hold and. save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of improvements; enlarge and maintain the West- haven base by dredging; and construct, in accordance with plans approved by the Secretary of the Army, maintain, and operate, adequate mooring facilities within the basin, utilities, and a public landing with suitable service and supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. The necessary assurances of local cooperation were furnished by the Port Commission of the port of Grays Harbor on October 7, 1949, and were approved by the Secretary of the Army on November 23, 1949. The Port Commission furnished neces- sary rights-of-way on May 1, 1950; and dredged the existing base to a depth of 16 feet and constructed bulkheads, wharf and float facilities, utilities, service and supply features in 1952, thus com- pleting requirements for local cooperation, except for enlarge- ment of the base, which is included in the revised provisions of the 1954 River and Harbor Act. The act of September 3, 1954, authorizing the 30-foot channel to Cosmopolis and the additional breakwater at Westhaven Cove, provides that local interests (a) furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent mainte- nance when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from the construction and maintenance of the improvements, including any damages to the three bridges in the Chehalis River improvement area; (c) lend to the United States the port of Grays Harbor pipeline dredge, when not required on necessary work for the port, for initial chan- nel dredging and subsequent maintenance, without charge other than reimbursement for the operation and maintenance costs, on a basis approved by the Chief of Engineers; (d) provide and main- tain at the proposed project depth, access channels to all active loading wharves and areas along the Chehalis River Channel, and berthing areas within 50 feet of the wharves; (e) continue re- moval of snags and logs from the entire reach of the main river channel; (f) dredge and maintain a new basin about 16 acres in area shoreward of the Westhaven breakwater addition to a depth of at least 14 feet below mean lower low water; (g) con- struct and maintain any additional bulkheads required in the new basin area for retention of dredged material; and (h) construct, RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1779 maintain, and operate adequate mooring facilities, utilities, and a public landing with suitable service and supply facilities in the new basin, open to all on equal terms. By resolution dated September 22, 1955, the Port of Grays Harbor Commission ac- cepted the terms as applicable to the 30-foot channel to Cosmopolis and has since complied with all requirements as needed. The Port Commission has also given tentative approval of the require- ments applicable to the Westhaven Cove improvement. Terminal facilities. There are 32 wharves and piers on Grays Harbor and adjacent inland waters, including 1 general cargo ter- minal, 13 sawmill wharves, 1 pulp- and paper-mill wharf, 8 fish wharves; 8 miscellaneous industrial wharves, and 1 is not in use. One general cargo wharf and two fish wharves are publicly owned and open to public use. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. .Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, hired labor: Operations during the fiscal year included completion of a model study report by the Waterways Experiment Station at Vicksburg, general design memorandum for dredging 30-foot channel and turning basin between Aberdeen and Cosmopolis, and engineering studies and investigations for protection of Point Chehalis. Costs were $11,202.44, all for new work. New work, contract: A contract for 560 linear feet of west shore revetment construction at Westhaven Cove was awarded in August 1955, and completed in January 1956, using 12,075 tons of rock, 1,355 cubic yards of gravel, and 2,695 cubic yards of sand fill. Costs were $104,295.33, all for new work. A contract for dredging a 30-foot channel and turning basin between Aberdeen and Cosmopolis was awarded in January 1956, and was 99 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, 845,000 cubic yards of material having been removed at a cost of $271,348.03, all for new work. Maintenance, hired labor: The U. S. hopper dredge Pacific, during the period January 19 to April 20, 1956, removed 272,533 cubic yards from Cross-Over Channel and 109,404 cubic yards from Sand Island Shoal, a total of 381,937 cubic yards, bin meas- urement, at a cost of $148,254.85. The pipeline dredge Robert Gray, leased from the Port of Grays Harbor Commission, removed 417,286 cubic yards of material from the North Channel at a cost of $83,808.75. Maintenance, contract: Repair of the section of west shore revetment constructed in 1954 was completed in December 1955 at a cost of $10,452.50. Costs for the fiscal year were $386,845.80 for new work and $242,516.10 for maintenance, a total of $629,361.90. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 84 percent complete, excluding the inactive portion. The south jetty was completed in 1902 with a groin 11,952 feet from the high- water line. A 12,656-foot section of the jetty was reconstructed to an elevation of 20 feet above mean lower low water during 1780 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 the period 1936-40. In April 1955, the inner 100 feet of the re- constructed jetty had been partially removed, the next 5,250 feet were at or near grade, the next 1,650 feet showed subsidence to a maximum depth of 16 feet below grade, and the outer 5,656 feet varied from elevations 3 feet above to elevations below mean lower low water. The north jetty was completed to midtide elevation in December 1913. It was later restored and raised to or above ordinary high water, this work being completed in January 1916. During 1941 and 1942, an 8,288-foot section was reconstructed westward from the high-water line, -the inner 7,760 feet being raised to a crest elevation of +20 feet and the remainder to an elevation of +30 feet. The remainder of the north jetty has not been restored. The 412-foot section seaward of the reconstructed jetty is at the elevation of mean lower low water, and 7,300-foot section shoreward of the reconstructed jetty has sanded in. An examination of the reconstructed jetty, made in July 1953, showed that sea action had leveled the outer 325 feet; had breached the sand spit at the shore end, exposing old jetty rock to the east; and a 1,000-foot section about 1,000 feet from the outer end showed a maximum settlement of 10 feet. In 1950, the Westhaven Cove breakwater authorized by the 1948 River and Harbor Act was completed in two sections, A and B, and four timber-pile groins to protect Point Chehalis were constructed. In 1951, three rock groins were added to the Point Chehalis works. In 1952, the original timber-pile groins were reinforced, and a revetment con- necting all seven groins was constructed with stone removed from the east end of the reconstructed portion of the south jetty; and local interests completed initial dredging of the entrance channel to Westhaven Cove. In 1953 and 1954, section A of the breakwater and one of the groins were reinforced. Construction of 1,100 liner feet of west shore revetment at Westhaven Cove, extending westward and southward along the shore from groin 5, has been completed. The 26-foot channel previously dredged by the Port of Grays Harbor below Aberdeen was deepened to 30 feet from the port terminal to deep water in the lower harbor in 1945. Deepening of the 26-foot and 18-foot channels to 30 feet, between the port terminal and Cosmopolis, with a turning basin at Cosmopolis of the same depth, is 99 percent complete. The 6-foot channel be- tween Cosmopolis and Montesano, completed in 1910, was deepened to 12 feet in 1931. The Bay City Channel was completed in July 1950. The controlling depths, when last ascertained, were as follows: Bar channel, 37 feet over a width of 600 feet (August 1955) ; deep water in lower harbor to port terminal, 26 feet over a width of 200 feet (Sept. 1955 and March and April 1956); Port terminal to Cosmopolis, under construction (June 1956), 27.8 feet over a width of 200 feet; Cosmopolis to Montesano, 8.9 feet (April 1943) ; and Bay City Channel, 14 feet over a width of 100 feet (November 1953). Project dimensions were available in Westhaven Cove entrance channel in February 1954. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1781 The work remaining to be done to complete the project includes extending the revetment along the west shore of Point Chehalis as required, and constructing an additional breakwater at West- haven Cove. Deepening of the channel to 16 feet between Cos- mopolis and Montesano has been classified as inactive. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular...................-------------------------------$4,329,256.92 $13,677159.08 $18,006,416.00 Public works .............................---------------------------------- 57, 000.00 57,000. 00 Emergency relief----....--...---------------------------- ----- 409,659.55 409,659.55 Total, United States funds-----------........ 4,329,256.92 14,143,818.63 18,473,075.55 Contributed funds--....----------------------- 35,834.27 47,889.45 838,723.72 Total, all funds-.--------------------- 4,365,091.19 14,191,708.08 18,556,799.27 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 S9 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956, 1 New work: Appropriated....--..- .- $135,400 $93,300 $524,900 $4,587,889 Cost----------------- $245,168 $81,294 76,635 148,602 386,846 4,442,391 Maintenance: Appropriated------........ 109,665 233,000 233,405 276,733 243,166 14,181, 330 Cost...... ---------------- 111, 718 238,186 228,558 286,002 242,516 14,181,234 x Includes $113,134.38 for new work and $37,415.45 for maintenance for previous projects. s In addition $35,834.27 for new work and $47,889.45 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds; and $162,000 was expended from Navy funds for new work. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-__ $144, 956 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 61, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------ ---- 205,956 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project --------------------- 648, 745 =Does not include $244,000 required for completion of inactive portion of project. 13. WILLAPA RIVER AND HARBOR AND NASELLE RIVER, WASH. Location. Willapa Harbor consists of the lower reaches of Willapa River and Willapa Bay; an inlet of the Pacific Ocean located about 30 miles north of the mouth of Columbia River in the State of Washington. Willapa River rises about 30 miles east of the harbor, flows in a general westerly direction, and empties into the bay. Naselle River rises in the Willapa Hills southeast of Willapa Bay, flows south and then notthwest, and enters the bay near its southerly end, draining an area of 153 square miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6185.) Previous projects. The original project adopted by the River n 9 and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, provided for a channel 100 feet 1782 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 wide and 8 feet deep from deep water in Willapa Bay to Willapa City, by dredging and construction of dikes across the head of Mailboat and Lauderbach sloughs, and for snagging the Naselle River. The act of August 18, 1894, appropriated funds for the work underway and for improving North River by removal of a log jam. The act of March 3, 1899, authorized additional work in clearing a channel through the log jam on North River and ap- propriated funds for work on the 8-foot channel to Willapa City. The act of June 13, 1902, authorized the expenditure of funds for the improvement of Willapa River and Harbor, North and Naselle Rivers, by snagging or otherwise. The act of March 2, 1907, contemplated a channel 150 feet wide and 12 feet deep between South Bend and Raymond. The act of June 25, 1910, provided for a channel 200 feet wide and 18 feet deep from deep water in Willapa Bay to the junction of the North and South Forks of the river at Raymond, and for a channel 18 feet deep and 150 feet wide up the South Fork for a distance of 3,100 feet. For further details, see page 2001 of Annual Report for 1915; page 968 of An- nual Report for 1910; and page 1861 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for (1) a channel over the bar at the mouth of Willapa Bay, 26 feet deep at mean lower low water and at least 500 feet wide; (2) a channel 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide from deep water in Willapa Bay to the foot of Ferry Street at South Bend, thence 300 feet wide to the westerly end of the narrows, thence 250 feet wide to the forks of the river at Raymond, including a cutoff channel 3,100 feet long at the narrows and a closing dike at Mailboat Slough; (3) a channel 24 feet deep and 150 feet wide up the south fork to the deep basin above Cram lumber mill, and up the north fork to 12th Street, with a turning basin 250 feet wide, 350 feet long, and 24 feet deep at the latter point; (4) a channel 10 feet deep at mean lower low water and 40 feet wide from deep water in Palix River to Bay Center dock, with a widening at the shoreward end to provide a small mooring basin; (5) a mooring basin 15 feet deep, 350 feet wide, and 600 feet long adjacent to the port wharf at Tokeland; (6) an entrance channel at Nahcotta 10 feet deep and 300 feet wide, and a mooring basin 10 feet deep, 500 feet wide, and 1,100 feet long, protected by a rubble-mound breakwater about 1,600 feet long; and (7) removal of snags, piles, and other obstructions in the navigable channel of the Naselle River between Naselle and the mouth. The project includes about 26 miles of channel from the entrance through the Willapa River forks, 2,800 feet of the Palix River-Bay Center channel, and 9 miles of the Naselle River upstream of the U. S. Highway 101 bridge. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.9 feet at Toke Point; 9.9 feet at Raymond; 9.2 feet at Bay Center, and 10.8 feet near Naselle. The extreme range is 18 feet at Toke Point; 19.3 feet at Raymond; 16 feet at Bay Center; and 18 feet near Naselle. The estimated cost for new work (July 1956) is $1,808,000, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1783 of $71,775 contributed by local interests. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $288,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports July 27, 1916 Channel 24 feet deep, 200 feet wide, in Willapa River, H. Doc. 706, 63d Cong., 2d sess. and 150 feet wide in the forks. Aug. 30, 19351Maintenance of the channel over the bar to a depth of Rivers and Harbors Committee 26 feet and minimum width of 500 feet. Doc. 41, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Do 2..... For the cutoff channel at the narrows................ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 37, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel from deep water in Palix River to Bay Cen- H. Doc. 481, 76th Cong., 2d sess. ter dock. Sept. 3, 1954 Widening Willapa River Channel to 300 feet and 250 H. Doc. 425, 83d Cong., 2d sess. feet between South Bend and the forks; Tokeland and Nahcotta Basins; and Naselle River clearance. 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Dec. 11, 1933. 2 Included in the Emergency Relief program, May 28, 1935. 8 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except provisions of the 1954 River and Harbor Act, which require local interests to (a) furnish without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil-disposal areas for initial construction and subsequent maintenance, when and as re- quired; (b) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements, including such damage as may occur to public or leased oyster beds; (c) con- struct and maintain within each boat basin adequate mooring facilities and a public landing with suitable service and supply facilities open to all on equal terms; (d) construct and maintain the necessary bulkheads for retention of dredged material at Tokeland; (e) maintain the moorage areas of the boat basins to project depth; and (f) maintain suitable access roads to the boat basins. Local interests have indicated willingness to accept these terms. Terminal facilities. There are 31 wharves on Willapa River and Harbor, including 7 in Willapa Bay, 7 in Bay Center, 15 in Raymond and South Bend, and 2 in Tokeland. Three of the wharves at Raymond and South Bend are suitable for use by oceangoing vessels; 1 of these, which is publicly owned and oper- ated, is open for use as a general cargo terminal, and 2 are located at sawmills. All of the other wharves, including three that are publicly owned and operated, are used by light-draft vessels in local trade. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing in Willapa River totaling 134,408 cubic yards was accom- plished by the U. S. hopper dredge Pacific, July 1 to 31, and November 7 to December 16, 1955, at a cost of $109,577.91. The U. S. hopper dredge Rossell removed 72,182 cubic yards from Willapa River and 186,882 cubic yards from Willapa Bar, May 15 to June 17, at a cost of $85,047.20. Total costs were $194,625.11, all for maintenance. 1784 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 44 percent complete. The entrance and Willapa River channels were completed in 1936, except for the widening. The channel from Palix River to Bay Center was completed in 1949. Work remain- ing to be done to complete the project consists of the features authorized by the 1954 River and Harbor Act, including the Willapa River widening, the Tokeland and Nahcotta boat basins, and the Naselle River improvement. The dike at the head of Mailboat Slough is in good condition. A survey completed June 21, 1956, showed a controlling depth of 26 feet over a width of 200 feet across the bar. The controlling depths in the inner channels in August 1955 and June 1956 were as follows: Below forks at Raymond, 22 feet over width of 200 feet; lower 2,200 feet of North Fork, 22.8 feet over width of 80 feet; and lower 1,500 feet of South Fork, 20.0 feet over width of 100 feet. The controlling depth in Bay Center channel in June 1955 was 9.6 feet with a least depth of 10 feet in the turning basin. There has been no deep-draft navigation in the upper portions of the forks, and no soundings have been taken in recent years. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1956, have been as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular........-------------------.---.- $580,322.47 $2,863,052.47 $3,443,374.94 Public works . 33.00 - 7 78,533,00 Emergency relief---... .. . ---------------.. 192,314.06 . ..... 192, 314. 06 .Total, United States funds.......-----------.. 772, 636.53 2,941,585.47 3,714,222.00 Contributed funds --------. -------------.-- 71,775. 00 ------------ ---- 71,775. 00 Total, all funds-.------------------- 844,411.53 2,941,585.47 3,785,997.00 The total costs have been $3,714,222.00, of which $3,443,374.94 were regular funds, $78,533 public works funds, and $192,314.06 emergency relief funds. In addition, $71,775 was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------- -$852 -..-------- ------------ ----------- ------------ $1,000,720 -- Cost-...........---..... 6...-..--. .. 5.1,000,720 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 131,259 -$19,625 $198,250 $80,126 $195,592 2,949,501 Cost-----------------................. 85,217 38,610 193,382 88,412 194,625 2,948,762 21Includes $228,083.83 for new work and $7,176.62 for maintenance for previous projects. In addition $71,775 for new work was expended from contributed funds for existing project and $6,596.92 contributed funds for previous project. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ $130, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--______- __ 130, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- -- ------ -- 905,364 FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1785 14. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Kootenai River, Idaho and Mont..----------- 1933 $9, 254.54 $5,642.60 () 2. Blaine Harbor, Wash-.---.-----------, .----------------- 471,000 3. Bellingham Harbor Wash----------------... ....... 1954 112,013.16 4 143,073.41 1,478,000 4. Columbia River, Wenatchee to Kettle Falls, Wash--------......----------------------- 1923 274,390.53 7,692.58 (5) 5. Skagit River, Wash.: a. Active portion_ --.--...-.............. 1950 99,829.80 36,257.81 (2) b.Deferred portion 6----------- 1950 -------------- 348,200 6. Stillaguamish River, Wash.----------------1946- -- 8 189,000 7. Flathead River, Mont.'---...... -,---- - -- 1901 9,810.77--------(9) 8. Port Angeles Harbor, Wash.: a. Active portion. __..... .. .. 527,000 b. Inactive portion------------------ -- 1950 ------- 950.....------------............-------....... 44,000 9. Waterway connecting Port Townsend Bay and Oak Bay, Wash=--- --.........- . 1954 73,322.35 66,768.34 (2) 10. Port Gamble Harbor, Wash.: a. Active portion -__ _.., _.------ _ 1953 0 11, 911.08 13,336.65 (2) Sb. Inactive portion ,------------------- 1953------------ 8 56,00 11. Poson Bay, Flathead Lake, Mont.."-------- 1918 4,491.14 258.86 (2) 12. Port Orchard Bay, Wash. "------------...... ..... 1928 42,803.58 . -.. ..----- (2) 13. Seattle Harbor, Wash.: a. Active portion- ----------------- 1955 12170,334.74 905,128.27 (11) b.Inactive portion --. 14 1955 . ------.................. -- .........--- - 23,000 14. Hammersley Inlet, Wash. a. Active portion---.....---- ---------..... 1950 9,000.00 10,682.67 (2) 6. Inactive portion..----------------- 1950 -------------------------- 30,000 15. Olympia Harbor, Wash--.-..----------- - 1954 5262, 85.33 8 79,750.78 370,000 16, Hoqtuam River, Wash--____-....-..--...------....--.. 1950 51, 293.64 5,316.35 (2) 17. Removing accumulated snags and debris under authority of sec. 3 of River and Harbor Act approved Mar. 2, 1945---------......... 1953 . 69,320.69 (') 1 No commerce reported. 2Completed. ' In addition, $56,581.93 was expended for previous projects. 4 In addition, $1,092.05 was expended for previous projects. b All work now contemplated has been completed. Through traffic impractical because of Grand Coulee and Chief Joseph Dams. 6 Local cooperation cannot be expected. 7 To be restudied. Cost estimate revised in 1954. 8 Cost estimate revised as of 1954. Classified "inactive." 8 All work now contemplated has been completed. 1oIn addition, $21,260.09 was expended from contributed funds. 1 No maintenance required at present. 12 In addition, $69,332.64 was expended from contrbibuted funds. "8 Cost estimated revised as of 1954. Classified "inactive." In addition, local interests are required to contribute $28,500. 14Deepening of shoal not required for present traffic. " In addition, $183,256.52 was expended for previous projects. 16In addition, $14,417.87 was expended for previous projects. 15. LIBBY DAM, KOOTENAI RIVER, MONT. Location. The Kootenai River rises in British Columbia, flows southerly about 40 miles into Montana and thence northwesterly across western Montana and the northeastern corner of Idaho to reenter British Columbia, where it empties in Columbia- River after passing through Kootenay Lake. Libby Dam will be located on the Kootenai River, 15 miles upstream from Libby, Montana, and 217.0 miles upstream from its confluence with;:the Columbia River. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet, "Thomp- son Lakes, Mont.") Existing project. The project provides for a straight con- crete gravity overflow flood control and power dam on Kootenai River about 400 feet high; for a powerhouse; and for a reserivoir 1786 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 backing water into Canada with a usable storage capacity of 5,010,000 acre-feet. The initial power installation will consist of 6 units, each unit with a capacity of 100,000 kilowatts. Construc- tion of the dam will depend on an order to be issued by the In- ternational Joint Commission. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1956) is $285,000,000 (6 units). The approved estimate for average annual operation and maintenance for a 50-year project life is $876,000 (6 units). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess., which con- tains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary engib neering studies were continued on final location of axis, and type and layout of dam. Costs were $15,019.83, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. Preliminary engineering is about 26 percent complete. The general location of the dam has been fixed near Dunn Creek above the Fisher River. Discussions have been held with Great Northern Railway, United States Forest Service, Montana State Highway Department, J. Neils Lumber Company, and Zonolite Mine Company on relocation problems. The project as a whole is about 2 percent complete. Costs to June 30, 1956, have been $509,470.64, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1953 1954 1955 1952 New work: Appropriated........ $285,000 $85,500 $150,000 -$19,000 $15,000 $516,500 Cost........... -.-.. -98,466 243,413 98,097 54,475 15,020 509,471 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_... $6, 647 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957________________________ ___6, 647 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_________________-__ 284, 483, 500 16. ALBENI FALLS RESERVOIR, PEND OREILLE RIVER, IDAHO Location. Pend Oreille River has its source in Pend Oreille Lake in northern Idaho, which receives most of its inflow from Clark Fork. The lake has an area of about 83,500 acres. Pend Oreille River leaves the lake near Sandpoint, Idaho, and flows westerly 25 miles to Albeni Falls, where the channel is divided by an island and the low water fall is about 7 feet. About 2 miles downstream from the falls, the stream enters the State of Wash- ington, in which its course is northwesterly for 72 miles to the Canadian border. In Canada, Pend Oreille River flows westerly for 16 miles and joins the Columbia River. Just downstream from FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1787 this junction, Columbia River enters the United States, where it flows generally southward across Washington and westerly along the Washington-Oregon line to the Pacific Ocean, a total distance of about 748 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheets "Sandpoint, Idaho," and "Newport, Wash.") Existing project. The project provides for a low concrete- gravity dam at Albeni Falls on Pend Oreille River for power gen- eration, flood control, and related water uses. The dam consists of a gated, open-channel spillway in the left channel and a power- house having an installation of 42,600 kilowatts in the right chan- nel, creating a reservoir with a usable storage capacity of 1,153,000 acre-feet. The dam site is 838 and 90 miles upstream from the mouths of Columbia and Pend Oreille Rivers, respectively, and is 50 miles northeast of Spokane, Wash. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1956) is $31,100,000. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $345,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 9, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, hired labor: The reservoir was operated through its fourth annual cycle of storage and release during the year. The highest pool level attained was elevation 2065.07 on June 5, 1956; the lowest was elevation 2058.41 on April 7, 1956. Maximum storage used was 629,800 acre-feet. There was a flood surcharge of 2.6 feet during the year. The log chute was operated to pass 20 rafts, constituting 6,443 tons or 1,718,000 board feet of cut timber, through the dam for processing by mills downstream. Routine structural, mechanical and electrical maintenance was performed on the spillway dam and equipment, and on those fea- tures of the powerhouse that were completed and operating. Demobilization of construction forces and staffing for permanent operation and maintenance were completed. Drift removal opera- tions were conducted during spring high water with facilities installed at the mouth of Clark Fork. New work, hired labor: Planning was continued for pro- tective and restoration works required by reservoir effects on railroads, highways, municipal, and utility properties. The third and last generating unit was completed and put in operation in August 1955. Acquisition of land rights for the reservoir was continued. New work, contract: Supply contracts were completed for hydraulic turbines, generators, and governors. Construction of the powerhouse and intake structure and installation of power- house equipment was completed. The costs during the fiscal year were $506,136.32 for new work and $207,568.80 for maintenance, a total of $713,705.12. Condition-at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was started in January 1951, and the project is about 96 1788 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 percent complete. Engineering and design are about 94 percent complete. Construction of the spillway dam and powerhouse cofferdams was completed in June 1952. The project started oper- ations in June 1952, impounding storage which was used to in- crease minimum flows through downstream power plants during the extremely low water-supply period of that fall. Construction of the powerhouse and intake structure was started in March 1952 and completed in October 1954. Installation of powerhouse equip- ment was started in July 1953 and completed in August 1955, with 3 generating units in commercial operation. Engineering and design of powerhouse operating equipment and machinery are complete. Evaluation of reservoir effects on the kokanee fishery and. erosion of vulnerable public and private properties is con- tinuing. Negotiations are preceeding with a view to restoring or protecting the properties so far as legally required. Work remaining to be done to complete the project includes construction of minor drift-control features and restoration or protection of reservoir properties so far as legally required. It is anticipated that remedial measures in connection with the kokanee fishery will be constructed by the State of Idaho and reim- bursed by the Government and other responsible parties. Re- maining land acquisition includes operating railroad and State highway parcel, which are'not to be acquired pending determina- tion regarding damages to operating properties and alteration of facilities, if required. New tracts have been authorized for ac- quisition to correct an erosion problem, and negotiations for these additional areas are in progress. The costs to June 30, 1956, have been $29,918,171.98 for new work and $305,005.61 for maintenance, a total of $30,223,117.59. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 _ 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.--.-... $10,000,000 $6,966,000 $6,840,000 $3,800,000 ---------- 1 $30,506,000 Cost-..- - 6,384, -........ 973 10,916,496 8,165,233 2,536,618 $506,136 29,918,172 Maintenance: Appropriated.___... ........- 19,900 78,280 208,406 306,586 Cost_-------- ------------..----. . 17,987 79,450 207,569 305,006 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $121, 022 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------_---_ 121,022 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 94, 000 5------------------------ 17. STILLAGUAMISH RIVER, WASH. Location. Stillaguamish River is formed by the confluence of its north and south forks at Arlington, Wash., and flows westerly a distance of 22 miles to Puget Sound, entering Port Susan through Hat Slough and South Pass, and Skagit Bay through West FLOOD CONTROL--SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1789 Pass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6450, and U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles Stanwood, Marysville, and Stillaguamish, Wash.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for works to reduce bank erosion and channel changes on Stillaguamish River between Arlington and the head of Hat Slough, a distance of 15 miles, and on Cook Slough, 3 miles long, as follows: - Revet- ment at 26 places on the river and Cook Slough; a concrete weir 275 feet long between steep sheet pile piers at the head of Cook Slough to limit flow through the slough; and 2 cutoff channels, each about 900 feet long, to eliminate sharp bends in Cook Slough. Tidal influence extends about 3 miles into the improved section. Flood stages of 16 feet above low water at the Cook Slough weir have been observed. The actual cost for new work was $220,594. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 657, 71st Cong., 3d sess.). This document contains the latest published map of the locality. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Revetment repairs were completed under contract in August 1955, and additional repairs were practically completed in June 1956. Total costs, including condition and operation studies, were $10,858.90, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. Progressive deterioration of brush-mat revetments necessitates annual repair at critical points. Other features are in good condition. The costs to June 30, 1956, have been $134,594.98 from regular funds and $85,999 from emergency relief funds, a total of $220,593.98, for new work; and $185,547.58 for maintenance, a total of $406,141.56. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 lbotal to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated............................................--................----- .... $220, 594 Cost ..........---.. .-------------- ............-----------.....------ ------. 220,594 Maintenance: Appropriated -----......---. $15,000 $57,000 $21,266 $6,900 $6,851 187,017 Cost--------------- 11,334 20,265 34,113 28,976 10,859 185,548 18. EAGLE GORGE RESERVOIR, GREEN RIVER, WASh. Location. Green River lies wholly in King County, Wash. From its source at the crest of the Cascade Mountains in the vicinity of Stampede Pass, the river flows westerly for 40 miles to Auburn, thence northerly 32 miles to its mouth in Elliott Bay, which forms the principal part of Seattle's Salt-water harBri Eagle Gorge damsite;is on the upper Green River, 6 miles southk 1790 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 east of Kanaskat, Wash., and 1 mile downstream from the mouth of North Fork. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet, "Cedar Lake quadrangle, Wash.") Existing project. The project provides for a rock-fill dam about 230 feet high, with a gated spillway having a concrete weir at elevation 1176 feet above mean sea level and top of gates at elevation 1206, to create a reservoir with a capacity of 106,000 acre-feet. The length along the top of the dam is approximately 700 feet; at the bottom, 100 feet. The improvement is designed to control flooding in the Green River Valley to prevent existing agricultural and urban flood damage, and to make possible further expansion of the Seattle industrial area. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1956) is $23,100,000, exclusive of $2,000,000 to be contributed by local interests. The approved estimate for average annual cost of maintenance and operation for a 50-year project life is $80,000. The existing project Was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 271, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. The authorizing act required that local interests contribute $2,000,000 in cash toward the cost of the project. On August 29, 1955, the State of Wash- ington contributed $1,500,000 and King County contributed $500,000 for this purpose. Operations and results during fiscal year. Major construction on railroad relocation work was started in February 1956. Of the total 14 miles of Northern Pacific Railway relocation to be completed before construction can start on the dam, a continuing contract was awarded on the first section between miles 70.2 and 74.6. Work on this section included logging and cold-decking of merchantable timber, clearing, completion of an access road, and opening up of cuts. Very little embankment was placed because of heavy snow and rain in the spring and because of wet ground conditions. A relocation agreement with the Northern Pacific Railway Company was completed in November 1955. Other relocation agreements which were finalized include a contract with Puget Sound Power and Light Company for relocation of a trans- mission line, a memorandum of understanding with Bonneville Power Administration for relocation of two transmission lines and an interim contract for relocation of telephone lines in the first section of relocated railroad. The telephone lines in the first section were completely relocated in June 1956. Construction of a 100-million-gallon storage reservoir by the city of Tacoma at the existing McMillin Reservoir site near Tacoma, Washington, was started in January 1956 under terms of an agreement com- pleted in September 1955. This reservoir is a major construction facility of the project. Rights of entry have been obtained for the first and second sections of relocated railroad, but acquisition of land is held in abeyance pending approval of an agreement with the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company. Preliminary engineering studies on the dam and final plans and specifications for the second section of relocated railroad between miles 74.6 and 80.6 FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1791 were completed in June 1956. Costs were $1,030,375.87 from Federal funds and $500,000 from contributed funds, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole is about 9 percent complete. The first section of Northern Pacific Railway relocation work, started in February 1956, is about 24 percent complete and will be completed in July 1957. On the basis of present schedules, the subgrade for the entire relocated railroad will be completed in December 1957, and the track to be laid by the Northern Pacific Railway will be ready for train operation by May 1958. No construction on the dam has been started. The project will be ready for beneficial use by November 1959. Preliminary engineering on the entire project is about 95 per- cent complete. Design memoranda have been completed on the following subjects: hydroelectric power development, spillway design flood, location and type of dam, relocation of Northern Pacific Railway facilities, protection of city of Tacoma water supply, relocation of Bonneville Power Administration's trans- mission lines, the general design memorandum, real-estate memo- randa for the first and second sections of railroad relocation, re- location of long distance telephone lines, relocation of facilities of Puget Sound Power and Light Company; and the "Rock-Fill Dam, Spillway, Outlet Works and Related Project Facilities." Plans and specifications for railway relocation are substantially two-thirds completed. Plans and specifications for the rock-fill dam and related project facilities have not been started. Costs to June 30, 1956, have been $1,651,199.87 from Federal funds and $500,000 from contributed funds, all for new work. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _ _------------........... $216,200 $127,000 $308,000 $1,000,000 $1,651,200 Cost ................-............ 185,001 152,889 282,934 1,030,376 1,651,200 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957- 6, 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------- 6, 300, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------------------- 115, 148,800 1 In addition, local interests have contributed $2,000,000. 1792 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Contributed .... ------------------------ $2,000,000 ----------- ----------- $2,000,000 Cost ------------------------------------------ .....------------ 500,000 500,000 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ___- $1, 045,437 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957______ _____________ 1,045,437 19. TACOMA, PUYALLUP RIVER, WASH. Location. The Puyallup River has its source in the glaciers on the western slopes of Mount Rainier in the State of Washington, flows northwesterly 50 miles, and empties into Commencement Bay, an arm of Puget Sound, at Tacoma, Wash. The work covered by this project is on Puyallup River, within the city limits of Tacoma. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6407.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a channel with a capacity of 50,000 second-feet between the East 11th Street Bridge and the lower end of the intercounty improve- ment, a distance of about 2.2 miles, by straightening the channel, building levees, revetting the channel and levees, and making all necessary bridge changes. The 11th Street Bridge at the lower end of the project is 0.75 mile above the mouth of the Puyallup River. The diurnal tidal range at the mouth of the river is 11.8 feet and the extreme range is 20 feet. The improvement was planned in conjunction with Mud Mountain Dam and affords pro- tection against floods about 50 percent greater than the maximum discharge of record. The actual cost for new work was $3,942,817.81. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $40,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See Senate committee print, "Puyallup River, Wash.," 74th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Removal of brush from revetments by hired labor, commenced in June 1956, was about 40 percent completed by the end of the year. The costs, all for maintenance, were $33.28. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. Reconstruction of six bridges, channel improve- ment, and levee construction were completed in 1949. Placing of additional riprap was completed in May 1950. In May 1956, all features were in good condition, except for several minor re- vetment sloughs, and a light growth of brush. The costs to June 30, 1956, have been $3,942,817.81 for new work and $9,848.95 for maintenance, a total of $3,952,666.76. FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1793 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------- ..----------- -$11,022 ------ -$1,225 -$4,675 $3,942,818 Cost----------------- $1,064 987 --------------------- - -4,675 3,942,818 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ 20,000 -13,600 $2,700 900 500 10,315 Cost-----------------........ 1,203 980 6,602 1,030 33 9,848 20. MUD MOUNTAIN RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER, WASH. Location. The White River rises on the northeastern slope of Mount Rainier, in the State of Washington, and flows in a general northwesterly direction for 57 miles to its confluence with the Puyallup River. The White River is the principal tributary of the Puyallup River and enters the latter 10 miles above its mouth in Puget Sound at Tacoma, Wash. The works covered by this project are on White River near Mud Mountain, 6 miles southeast of Enumclaw, Wash. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet "Cedar Lake quadrangle, Washington.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a rockfill dam, 700 feet long at crest elevation and rising 425 feet above bedrock. The dam is located 28 miles above the confluence of the White and Puyallup Rivers and 38 miles above the mouth of the Puyallup River. The reservoir has a storage capacity of approximately 106,000 acre-feet. Outlet works are located in the right abutment and permit controlled discharge of 17,700 cubic feet per second through 2 concrete-lined tunnels, with uncontrolled discharge over a spillway having a maximum capacity of 139,000 cubic feet per second. The im- provement affords flood protection to the White and Puyallup River Valleys and protects the Tacoma industrial district in con- junction with the authorized project at that locality against floods about 50 percent greater than the maximum discharge of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See Senate committee print, "Puyallup River, Wash.," 74th Cong., 2d sess.) The actual cost for new work was $13,208,063.49. The latest (1955) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $115,000. Local cooperation. None required. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and maintenance of the dam and appurtenances, gages, radio network, roads, buildings, grounds, and utilities were continued; and drift removal, fish haul, and miscellaneous studies were accomplished. Repairs to the lower portals-access trestle were accomplished. Installation of six new piezometers in the right rim of the reser- voir, commenced during previous fiscal year, was completed. A 1794 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 total of 4,352 migratory fish was transported around the dam in tank trucks. There were no severe floods during the year, the highest pool level attained attributable to floods being elevation 1066 in December 1955, equivalent to a head of 171 feet and a storage of 16,138 acre-feet. In June 1956, the pool was raised to elevation 1116 for vibration tests of the 9-foot tunnel radial gate. Costs for the fiscal year were $90,227.73, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in June 1953. The costs to June 30, 1956, have been $13,182,063.49 from regular funds and $26,000 from emergency relief funds, a total of $13,208,063.49, for new work; and $1,089,085.82 for maintenance, a combined total of $14,297,149.31. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ___ .....- _ _ -$5, 103 -$9,473 $13, 208,063 Cost_- ----...-. $341, 933 190,721 406-------------------- 13,208,063 Maintenance: Appropriated------- ...... 85,000 80,000 87,500 $82, 700 $86,872 1,093;952 Cost_ ---.-------- 80,687 73,295 102,180 75, 933 90,228 1,089,086 21. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1956 full report Estimated see Annual amount re- Name of project Report Operation quired to for- Construction and mainte- complete nance 1. Columbia River Basin, local protection projects.- ----- --- -- --------------------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -1953-------------- (1) 2. Skagit River, Wash. 1938--------- $8,320,000 3. Coeur-d'Alene, Spokane River Idaho ..... 1942 $152,872.16 (4) 4. Spokane, Spokane River, Wash...----------- 1939 2,944.45 677,756 5. St. Maries, St. Joe River, Idaho ............_ 1942 357,697.93 -...-.--.... (4) 6. Upper Puyallup River, Wash-___.,.------ 1938------------------------ (7) 7. Raymond, Willapa River, Wash.1ia.-------_ 1950 23,742.60. 309,257 8. Yakima, Yakima River, Wash_ ... ........ 9. Snagging and clearing under authority sec. 2 of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. :f 1948 381,960.69 ....... (4) 28, 1937, as amended--------------------- 1952 126,032.25 ----------- () 10. Priest,Rapids Dam, Columbia River, Wash__ 1954 157,406.24------ _------ (0) 1The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, approved a general comprehensive plan for the Columbia River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess., and author- ized the sum of $75,000,000 to be appropriated for the partial accomplishment of certain projects. Of this authorization, an amount not to exceed $15,000,000 was authorized for the construction of local flood- protection works throughout the Columbia River Basin, subject to the conditions that all work undertaken pursuant to this authority shall be economically justified prior to construction, and local cooperation specified in the 1936 Flood Control Act, as amended, shall be required. The project consists of 35 improve- ments, 9 of which are in the Seattle District. See Portland and Walla Walla district reports for remaining 26 units. 2Awaiting local cooperation. s Cost estimate revised as of 1954. Project classified as "inactive." 4 Completed and transferred to local interests for maintenance. bProject indefinitely deferred because of unsatisfactory foundation-conditions. 6 Cost estimate revised as of 1954. Project classified as "inactive." In addition, local interests' costs are estimated to be $13,200. 7 The work has been completed as a Works Progress Administration project, at no cost to the Corps of Engineers. 8 Work deferred. Completion of design for care of interior drainage awaits formulation of plans by city of Raymond for sewage-handling facilities. 9 All work now contemplated has been completed. Does not include $4,142 expended for acquisition of lands under partnership arrangement in accordance 0to with provisions of Public Law 544, 83d Cong., 2d session. FLOOD CONTROL--SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1795 22. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Annual inspections are made of local flood-protection projects, and agencies responsible for their operation and maintenance are advised of any needed repairs. During fiscal year 1956, inspec- tions were made of works on the Puyallup, Entiat, Methow, Okanogan, Wenatchee, Yakima, Naches, St. Joe, Kootenai, Clark Fork, Flathead, Chehalis, Nisqually, Hoquiam, Satsop, Wynoo- chee, Elwha, Dungeness, Clearwater, Docewallips, Humptulips and St. Regis Rivers, and on Callahan Creek and Lake Coeur d'Alene. The costs were $1,209.56, all for maintenance. Costs to date have been $13,076.37, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated--- ......... -- .- . $3,600 $1,534 $3,000 $1,449 $13,267 Cost----_--------.$2,230 2,263 2,871 3,233 1,210 13,077 23. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency bank-protection works (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). A project was authorized in the amount of $27,000 for bank- protection work along the right bank of Hoh River, Jefferson County, Washington, approximately 3 miles upstream from the Olympic Highway, contingent upon a cash contribution of $27,000, and other local cooperation. Funds were revoked during fiscal year 1956 as follows: Bradley Channel Area, Flathead River, Mont.: -$6,734.60 (April 11, 1956). Total allotments to June 30, 1956, amounted to $455,305.38, Federal funds, for new work, and $50,000 for maintenance. In addition, local interests have contributed $29,637.65 for new work. Operations during the fiscal year included: Bradley Channel Area, Flathead River, Mont.: Costs were $23,973.55 for bank protection works in the vicinity of Kalispell. The project was completed by contract December 1, 1955. Total costs during the fiscal year, all for new work, amounted to $23,973.55. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $455,305.38 for new work, and $50,000 for maintenance, a total of $505,305.38, Federal funds; and $29,637.65 for new work from contributed funds. 1796 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------ $46,230 -$28,555 ------------............ $33,000 -$6,735 $455,305 Cost----------------- 64,512 249 ------------............ 2,292 23,974 455,305 Maintenance: Appropriated........-----------............----------------------------------------------- 50,000 Cost --------------.................---------------------------------............--------- 0------------00 1In addition, total funds contributed to date have been $29,637.65, all for new work. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 2 $27, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957________________________________ 2 27,000 2 In addition, funds in the amount of $27,000 will be contributed by Jefferson County, Wash. Emergency flood-control activities--Repair and flood fighting and rescue work (PL 99, 84th Cong., and antecedent legislation). Funds were allotted during fiscal year 1956 for work as follows: Advance preparation, $8,500 (Sept. 1, 1955), and $4,000 (November 8, 1955). Kootenai River Flats, Kootenai River, Idaho (District 12), $40,500 (November 18, 1955). Silver Bow Creek, Silver Bow County, Montana, $16,000 (April 10, 1956). P.L. 99 Advance, Advance Flood Fight Program, $120,000 (April 18, 1956). Flood-Emergency Operations, P.L. 99, $600,000 (June 19, 1956). Funds were contributed by local interests during fiscal year 1956 as follows: Yakima River Basin, Vicinity of Cle Elum, Wash., $6,000 ($5,000 by the State of Washington on June 6, 1956, and $1,000 by the city of Cle Elum on June 2, 1956). Yakima River Basin, Vicinity of Ellensburg, Wash., $15,000 ($10,000 by the State of Washington on May 9, 1956, and $5,000 by the Board of County Commissioners, Kittitas County, on May 9, 1956). Funds were revoked during fiscal year 1956 as follows: Skykomish River, Wash., $193.12 (November 8, 1955). Emergency levee repair, Kootenai River Flats, Idaho, $9,775.12 (November 8, 1955). Emergency flood-control Work, $811.76 (November 8, 1955). Public Law 99 Advance, advance flood-fight program, $120,000 (June 19, 1956). Unexpended contributed funds were returned to local interests on December 5, 1955, from project for Skykomish River, Washing- ton, as follows: To the town of Skykomish, Skykomish, Washing- ton, $96.82; and to the State of Washington, Department of Con- servation and Development, $96.81, a total of $193.63. Total allotments during the fiscal year amounted to $658,220, Federal funds, and $20,806.37 contributed funds. FLOOD CONTROL--SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1797 Total allotments to June 30, 1956, have been $5,810,749.25, Federal funds, all for maintenance. Funds contributed to June 30, 1956, have been $124,774.88. Operations during the fiscal year included: Advance preparation: Costs were $12,071.36. Emergency flood control work, various locations: Costs were $2,888.68. Silver Bow Creek, Silver Bow County, Montana: Rehabilitation of a flood control dam on Silver Bow Creek near Meaderville was accomplished by contract during the period April 16-25, 1956. Costs were $14,819.80. Emergency levee repair work, Kootenai Flats location, Kootenai River, Idaho: Final costs were $128.25. Kootenai River Flats, Kootenai River, Idaho: Repair of por- tions of District 12 levees which were damaged after recession of high water early in 1955 was accomplished by contract during the period February to May 1956. Costs were $36,048.60. Emergency flood fighting (P.L. 99 Advance): Operations were carried on as follows during the spring flood of 1956: Clark Fork Basin: Plains, Montana. Protection of levee from erosion was com- pleted by contract April 30 to May 7, 1956. Lightning Creek, Idaho. Levee extension and riprap were com- pleted April 18 to May 4, 1956, by hired labor and rental equip- ment. Pend Oreille River near Cusick, Washington. Repair of break in levee was completed April 26-30, 1956, by hired labor and rental equipment. Kootenai River, Idaho: Raising of Deep Creek levee in Diking District No. 1, Bonners Ferry, was completed May 8-13, 1956, by hired labor and rental equipment. Raising and strengthening of Deep Creek levee in Diking District No. 7, Bonners Ferry, was completed April 23 to May 13, 1956, by hired labor and rental equipment. Raising of levee in Diking District No. 4 near Bonners Ferry was completed April 26 to May 17, 1956, by hired labor and rental equipment. Widening and strengthening of levee in Diking District No. 2 near Bonners Ferry were completed April 26 to May 13, 1956, by hired labor and rental equipment. Repair of levee in Diking District No. 3 near Bonners Ferry was completed April 27-30, 1956, by hired labor and rental equipment. Widening and strengthening of levee in Diking District No. 9 near Bonners Ferry were completed April 29 to May 8, 1956, by hired labor and rental equipment. Strengthening of Sims Tract levee, in Diking District No. 10 near Bonners Ferry, was completed April 26 to May 12, by hired labor and rental equipment. 1798 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Raising of levee at North Bonners Ferry was completed April 26 to May 17, 1956, by hired labor and rental equipment. Okanogan River, Washington: Levee extension at Okanogan was completed April 27 to May 10, 1956, by hired labor and rental equipment. Raising and strengthening of right bank levee at Omak were completed April 20-24, 1956, by hired labor and rental equipment. Raising and strengthening of left bank levee at Riverside were completed April 23 to May 9, 1956, by hired labor and rental equipment. Raising and strengthening of levee at Oroville were completed April 18-26 by hired labor and rental equipment. Yakima River Basin, Washington: Raising and extension of existing left bank levee in the vicinity of Cle Elum were completed by contract April 23 to May 2, 1956. Repair and extension of flood-control works, Jeffries and Han- son levees in the vicinity of Ellensburg, were completed by con- tract April 24 to May 15, 1956. Flood observers were sent out to observe floods on the Skagit River in October and November 1955, and on the Chehalis River in March 1956. Costs for emergency flood fighting (P.L. 99 Advance) were $463,797.18. Total costs during the fiscal year, all for maintenance, amounted to $529,753.87 for Federal funds and $21,000.00 contributed funds, a total of $550,753.87. Total costs to June 30, 1956, all for maintenance, have been $5,679,845.47 Federal funds and $124,774.88 contributed funds, a total of $5,804,620.35. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19561 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $91, 705 -$13,030 $185,554 $165,947 $658, 220 2 $5,810,749 Cost....--...-..... 162,492 42,251 93,655 281,314 529,754 25,679,845 formaintenance was expended from contributed funds. 1In addition, $124,774.88 2 Funds received from the Btureau of Indian Affairs in 1950 in the amount of$13,000 under appropriation 21X3930.078 (working fund) were carried on annual report as contributed funds in error. CONTRIBUTED FUNDS 1 Funds received from the Bureau of Indian Affairs in 1950 in the amount of $13,000 under appropriation 21X3930.078 (working fund) were carried on the annual report as contributed funds in error. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-SEATTLE, WASH., DIST. 1799 Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). In addition to funds in the amount of $17,385.89 previously allotted, funds were allotted during fiscal year 1956 as follows: American Lake, Vicinity of Fort Lewis, Wash., $45,500 (June 4, 1956). In addition, the Board of County Commissioners, Pierce County, have agreed to contribute $10,000 toward cost of the project and to operate and maintain the project and hold and save the United States free from any damages that might accrue as a result of construction of the project. No rights-of-way are required, as the project is located on the Fort Lewis military reservation. Total allotments to June 30, 1956, have been $62,885.89. Operations during the fiscal year included: American Lake, Vicinity of Fort Lewis, Wash.: Project design was started on June 21, 1956. Action to obtain local contribution was initiated. Costs were $134.70, all for new work. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $17,520.59, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ $2,500 $3,350 $590 $5,946 $45,500 $62,886 .5,303 Cost--.--.---------- 5,065 634 5,946 135 17,521 1In addition, local interests will contribute $10,000. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956________ $45, 365 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 145,365 24. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Funds in the amount of $253,800 were allotted during the fiscal year. Costs and expenditures for work accomplished during the year amounted to $246,591.42. The balance unexpended June 30, 1956, $8,363.25, and an antici- pated allotment for fiscal year 1957 of $66,500, a total of $74,863.25, will be applied as needed during fiscal year 1957 to payment of expenses to be incurred under this heading. 25. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The work programmed for research and development consists of storm studies, sediment studies, hydrologic studies, flood investigations, and international waters studies. Costs of these studies were $4,211.85, leaving a balance of $5,910.29 which, to- gether with an anticipated allotment of $3,100, a total of $9,010.29, will be applied tQ studies planned for fiscal year 1957. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE WALLA WALLA, WASHINGTON DISTRICT This district comprises southeastern Washington, exclusive of the watershed of the Columbia River and tributaries above and in- cluding the Yakima River, Wash.; all of Idaho, except the northern part and a small southeastern portion; a portion of western Wyoming; a small part of northwestern Utah; part of northeastern Nevada; and a part of eastern Oregon. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Snake River, Oreg., Wash., and 10. Lucky Peak Reservoir, Boise Idaho------------------ 1801 River, Idaho _ ---- _ __ 1816 2. Ice Harbor lock and dam, 11. Grande Ronde Valley, Colum- Snake River, Wash ------- 1805 bia River Basin, Oreg-..._. 1817 3. McNary lock and dam, Colum- 12. Colfax, Palouse River, Wash__ 1818 bia River, Oreg- - --- _ 1806 13. Milton-Freewater, Walla Walla 4. John Day lock and dam, River, Oreg-_ _-_________ 1819 Columbia River, Wash. and 14. Mill Creek, Wash ------- - 1820 Oreg------------------__. 1808 15. Pendleton, Umatilla River, 5.Columbia River and tributa- Oreg---------_---__- 1822 ries above Celilo Falls to 16. Other authorized flood-control Kennewick, Wash -------- 1810 projects ------- ____ 1823 6. Other authorized navigation 17. Inspection of completed flood- projects_ _-----__-- 1813 control works------------ 1823 18. Flood-control work under spe- Flood Control ...- - cial authorization--- 1824 19. Scheduling of flood-control op- 7. Columbia River Basin, local erations---------------- 1826 flood-protection projects .- 1813 8. Jackson Hole, Snake River, General Investigations Wyo------------------ . 1815 9. Portneuf River and Marsh 20. Examinations and surveys -- 1826 Creek, Columbia River Ba- 21. Collection and study of basic -------------- sin, Idaho_ 1815 data---- -------------- 1826 22. Research and development ... 1826 1. SNAKE RIVER, OREG., WASH., AND IDAHO Location. The Snake River, which is the largest tributary of Columbia River, rises in Yellowstone National Park, in the western part of Wyoming, flows in a generally westerly direction for about 1,000 miles and empties into the Columbia River near Pasco, Washington, 324 miles from the Pacific Ocean. Previous projects. Prior to the Act of June 13, 1902, the im- provement of Snake River below Lewiston, Idaho, (River Mile 140), was associated with improvement of Columbia River above Celilo Falls. The total cost and expenditure prior to adoption of a formal project was $168,500, of which $153,410.26 was for new work and $15,089.74 was for maintenance. For further details see page 1991 of Annual Report for 1915. Open-river improvement of Snake River from Riparia, Wash. (River Mile 67) to Pittsburgh Landing (River Mile 218) was authorized by Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. 126, 56th Cong., 2d sess.), with" no specified channel dimensions above Lewiston. For further details, see page 2246 of Annual Report for 1903 and 1801 1802 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 page 1986 of Annual Report for 1906. This authorization was extended to include improvement from the mouth to Riparia by Act of June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. 411, 55th Cong., 2d sess.), and was further extended to include the reach from Pittsburgh Landing (River Mile 218) to Johnson Bar Landing (River Mile 231) by Act of August 30, 1935. (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 25, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). Under these authorizations the total cost and expenditure for improvement below Lewiston, Idaho was $418,219.88, of which $246,739.54 was for new work and $171,480.34 was for maintenance. In addition, the State of Wash- ington contributed $85,000 in 1907 for new work below Riparia, Wash. The total costs of previous projects are summarized, as follows: New work Maintenance Total Prior to June 13, 1902_.. . .-. ..----.-.. . .$153,410.26 $15,089.74 $168,500.00 1902toAct ofMarch 2,1945...--.--... . -1246,739.54 171,480.34 1418,219.88 Totals-------------------------------... 400,149.80 186,570.08 586,719.88 1 In addition, $85,000 for new work expended from contributed funds. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 704, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) authorized construction of such dams as are necessary and open channel improvements for purposes of providing slackwater navigation and irrigation be- tween the mouth of Snake River and Lewiston, Idaho. This authorization modifies the previous authorizations only for that portion of the improvement below Lewiston, Idaho. The Acts of June 13, 1902, and August 30, 1935, as they pertain to the open river improvement from Lewiston, Idaho to Johnson Bar Landing are part of the existing project. Improvements presently included in the authorized project are as follows: Estimated cost Item (July 1956 Base) Ice Harbor lock and dam, river mile 9.7---- ---- ,-----.. ......................... $135,000, 000 Lower Monumental lock and dam, river mile 44.7- ----..-....----- 133,000,000 Little Goose lock and dam, river mile 72.2 Lower Granite lock and dam, river mile 113.1 ----------- ---.-- _ -- _ ----..-..... 139,000,000 116,000,000 Open-river improvement, Lewiston to Johnson Bar Landing.--.. .......... 134,613 Total---------------------------------- ------------------------ $523,034, 613 1 No channel dimensions specified, maintenance only. Local cooperation. No conditions were imposed by law. Terminal facilities. From the mouth of Snake River to Riparia, 67 miles, there are no wharves or warehouses on the riverbanks. From Riparia to Lewiston, Idaho, 73 miles, there are no wharves, but there are public and privately owned warehouses and grain elevators located at Penawawa, mile 91.5, Lewiston, mile 140, Asotin, mile 146 and between Asotin and 11 miles above. Just RIVERS AND HARBORS-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DIST. 1803 above Lewiston, mile 140.5, there is a privately owned 40 by 60- foot wharf. On the left bank between Riparia and Lewiston there are several wheat warehouses formerly used for storage of wheat to be transferred to the railroad on the right bank. Operations and results during fiscal year. The progress of preliminary work and status of operations on Ice Harbor lock and dam are given in the report for that project, which comprised all of the new work during the fiscal year. Total costs during the fiscal year were $1,286,041 for new work and $30 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The following table summarizes the status of work under "Snake River, Oreg., Wash., and Idaho." Total new Cost to June 30, 1956 0 F 1 Approved work allot- Percent Project 1956 esti- ments to completed Construction data mated cost 6-30-1956 New work Maintenance C M Ice Harbor lock and dam 1- _._ ..... $135,000,000 $2,082,173 a $2,358,109 .......-... 2 Construction started in January 1956. Lower Monumental lock and dam-....133,000,000 2 180,000 2180,000_-_ 0_ Little Goose lock and dam------------ 139,000,000 2 140,000 2140,000 __ 0- -- ..... Lower Granite lock and dam---------- Surveys for navigation aids- Open-River improvement-Lewiston - -------------------------------------------------- 116,000,000 434,613 2135,000 34,613 2135,000_ 34,613 3,394 27,983 ------------- 0 -- - -- -- Maintenance only. --- ---- - Q to Johnson Bar landing. Total-----------------------523,034,613 2,571,786 2,847,722 31,377 I------------- O 1See individual report. 2 Prorata cost of site selection studies. t 3 Includes advance of $300,000 in fiscal year 1956. 4 No channel dimension specified. MT zC zIM IT CO RIVERS AND HARBORS--WALLA WALLA, WASH., DIST. 1805 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated.-.... -$240, 438 $140, 000 $50, 000 ----------- $1,000,000 $2,971,936 ---------------- Cost................. 93 131,152 9,778 $40,565 1,286,041 3,247,872 Maintenance: Appropriated------ -- 5,000 ------------------------ 3,000 ----------- 1217,947 Cost------------------235 433 -------------- 3,364 30 217,947 1Includes $400,150 for new work and $186,570 for maintenance on previous projects. s In addition $85,000 for new work was expended on previous projects from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, -fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _- -$299, 971 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---------------------------------------------- 8,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------ 7,700,029 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________------ - _512, -_ 462,827 2. ICE HARBOR LOCK AND DAM, SNAKE RIVER, WASH. Location. The site of this project is on the Snake River, 9.7 miles above the mouth of the river, at the head of the McNary lock and dam pool, and 12 miles east of Pasco, Wash. Existing project. The project provides for a dam, powerplant, navigation lock and appurtenant facilities. The improvement will provide for navigation, hydroelectric power generation and incidental irrigation. The dam is designed for a normal pool at elevation 440 mean sea level. The normal pool will create a reservoir extending upstream about 35 miles, providing slack- water to the Lower Monumental lock and dam site. The total length of the structure will be approximately 2,790 feet, and will consist of a nonoverflow section at the south abutment, power- house, spillway dam, nonoverflow section, navigation lock and an earthfill and rockfill at the north abutment. Fish passing facili- ties including two ladders will be provided. The powerplant will be constructed for three 90,000 kilowatt units to be installed initially with provision for 3 additional units, an ultimate total of 6 units. The spillway dam will be 610 feet long, and the over- flow crest at elevation 391 mean sea level will be surmounted by 10 radial gates 50 feet wide by 52.9 feet high which will provide capacity to pass a spillway design flood of 850,000 cubic feet per second. The deck will be at elevation 453 mean sea level and will provide a service road and track for a gantry crane. The navigation lock is a single lift type and will have clear plan di- mensions of 86 feet by 675 feet. The estimate of cost for new work approved in 1955 is $135,000,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (See H. Doc. 704, 75th Cong., 3d sess.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. New Work: 1806 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Supplement to Design Memorandum No. 1, General Plan and Detailed Cost Estimate was submitted August 5, 1955. Construc- tion was initiated in January 1956. Grading of the south shore access road and project office road and public-parking area were completed. Construction of the first-step cofferdam, spur track unloading area grading and north shore access road were initiated during the year. Contracts were awarded for the manufacture and delivery of three, 143,000 HP turbines, the purchase of steel sheetpiling for the first-step cofferdam, and track laying for the railroad unloading spur. Land acquisition for project site lands and right-of-way were initiated during the year. Engineering design studies and hydraulic model studies are underway for the first-step construction within the south shore cofferdam, which includes 71/2 bays of spillway, skeleton powerhouse, south shore fish facilities, left abutment, and permanent access railroad. Total costs during the fiscal year were $1,286,041 all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the first-step cofferdam, north shore access road and grading unloading spur is 17 percent complete. Plans and specifications are nearing completion for the south shore construction with the first-step cofferdam. Total costs have been $2,358,109, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-........ -$240,438 $140,000 $1,000,000 $50,000 -----------.......... $2,082,173 Cost----------------- 93 131,152 9,778 $40,565 1,286,041 12,358,109 1 Includes $300,000 advanced in fiscal year 1956. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_----- -$299, 971 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 ------------- -------------------- 8, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--_------------ 7,700,029 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project- 917, 827 -24,1------------------ 3. McNARY LOCK AND DAM, COLUMBIA RIVER, OREG. Location. The site of this project is on the Columbia River, 292 miles above the mouth, near Umatilla, Oreg., and 3 miles above the mouth of the Umatilla River. Existing project. This project provides for a dam, powerplant, navigation lock for power, navigation and incidental irrigation. The dam which raises the normal water surface approximately 85 feet to elevation 340 mean sea level is approximately 7,300 feet long and consists of an earthfill and rockfill dam at the Oregon (south) abutment, powerhouse, spillway dam, navigation lock RIVERS AND HARBORS-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DIST. 1807 and earthfill and rockfill dam at the Washington (north) abut- ment. The powerhouse has an installation of 14 units of 70,000 kilowatts each, totalling 980,000 kilowatts. The spillway dam is 1,310 feet long, and the overflow crest at 291 feet above sea level is surmounted by 22 vertical-lift gates placed between piers which extend to elevation 361 mean sea level where a service roadway permits the operation of two 200-ton gantry cranes for regulating the gates. The navigation lock is a single lift type, capable of operating at all flows less than 800,000 cubic feet per second. Facilities for the upstream migration of fish consist of two fish ladders, a lock and an elevator. All structures are founded on a massive basalt flow that reaches a maximum thickness of 130 feet and directly overlies a sedimentary interbed. The pool created by the dam provides a navigable channel with a depth of 12 feet or over between the dam and the confluence of the Yakima River, a distance of approximately 48 miles. A controlling depth of 9 feet will be provided on Snake River from its mouth to a point ap- proximately 10.2 miles above the mouth. The principal data concerning the navigation lock and spillway dam are shown in the following table: Navigation lock Type ----------------------------- Single lift. Dimensions: Net clear width of chamber------- 86 feet. Net clear length----------------- 675 feet. Lift (vertical) : At extreme low water and normal pool -------------------------- 92 feet. At mean annual flow (190, 000 cubic feet per second) ----------------- 84.4 feet. At average maximum flow (550,000 cubic feet per second)- --------- 72.3 feet. Depth over miter sill at adopted low water (43,000 cubic feet per second)-_ 12 feet. Depth over upper sill at normal pool (elevation 340) -------------------- _ 20 feet. Character of foundation --------------- Basalt flow. Spillway dam Overall length of spillway dam section __ 1,310 feet. Type of construction________------- -Concrete gravity. Elevation spillway crest__--------- 291 feet above mean sea level. Elevation deck________________________ 361 feet above mean sea level. Height, maximum (foundation to deck)__ 158 feet. Type of control_________________-----Fixed wheel segmental lift gates. Number of gates 2---------------------2. Size of gates----------------------- 50 by 53 feet. Stilling basin type------------------Concrete apron with baffles. Normal pool elevation---------------- 340 feet above mean sea level. Maximum pool elevation---------------356.5 feet above mean sea level. Maximum spillway capacity at normal pool elevation cubic feet per second. 1----------------------,480,000 Maximum spillway capacity at maximum pool elevation----------------------2,200,000 cubic feet per second. The estimated cost of the dam, navigation lock, 14-power unit generating installation, fishways, -- and attendant buildings and grounds, revised in 1956, is $285,000,000. 1808 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 704, 75th Cong., 3d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Placing of concrete in the entire structure is complete. Installation of operating equipment for the navigation lock, dam, fish passage facilities and pumping plants is complete. Work is in progress for the installation of main generating units 13 and 14. Maintenance: The project was operated throughout the fiscal year. Four additional power units were placed in commercial operation on the following dates: August 14, 1955; October 28, 1955; April 8, 1956; and April 22, 1956. Total costs during the fiscal year were $9,381,920 for new work and $1,226,078 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of existing proj- ect which was started on May 5, 1947, is now 98 percent complete. The navigation lock, dam, fish facilities, powerhouse structure, levees, pumping plants, and relocations are complete. Twelve of the 14 power units are now complete. The project was placed on a permanent operation basis on December 1, 1953. The pool was raised to normal operating ele- vation 340 on December 6, 1953. Twelve power units were in commercial operation at the end of the fiscal year. Total costs have been $280,565,749 for new work and $2,658,343 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated........ $42,900,000 $62,604,000 $26,350,000 1$11,185,000 $279,224,000 $24,000,000 ............. Cost_.. 55,813,617 50,696,511 41,157,966 24,832,644129,381,920 280,565,749 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ............ ............ 479,000 955,800 1,250,000 2,684,800 ....--.- Cost......--....--- ..- ..--.--. - - .-- 468, 146 964, 119 ' 1,226,078 2,658,343 1 Includes $185,000 donated funds. (Payment ofclaims involving Green Hut Cafe and Pacific Fruit Express Warehouse.) 2Includes adjustment of $9,778 new work and $1,335 maintenance costs applicable to fiscal year 1955. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -$1, 637,768 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 19571957 -4, ---------------------------------------------- 500, 100 4,50 0 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------------------2, 862, 332 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------- 1, 275, 900 4. JOHN DAY LOCK AND DAM, COLUMBIA RIVER, WASH. AND OREG. Location. The site of this project is on Columbia River, about 3 miles downstream from the mouth of John Day River and about 215 miles above the mouth of Columbia River. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DIST. 1809 Existing project. The project as authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, in accordance with the plan presented in House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session, pro- vides for a dam, powerplant, navigation lock and appurtenant facilities, with a slackwater pool about 75 miles long extending to McNary lock and dam. The authorized project would provide 2,000,000 acre-feet of surcharge storage space between normal pool elevation 255 and elevation 292 for control of floods on Columbia River. The powerhouse would provide 13 generating units of 85,000 kilowatts each for a total initial installed capacity of 1,105,000 kilowatts. Subsequent to project authorization noted above a review of the flood-control features of John Day Dam was authorized by resolution of the Senate Committee on Public Works dated April 22, 1953. This review, dated March 25, 1955, and revised Decem- ber 14, 1955, determined that the originally proposed pool fluctua- tion between elevations 255 and 292 would unduly handicap pres- ent and future developments bordering John Day pool and recom- mended adoption of normal pool at about elevation 262 with about 500,000 acre-feet of flood storage space to be obtained between proposed drawdown level at elevation 252 and maximum con- trolled pool not to exceed elevation 265. Other features of the project would remain essentially unchanged. The Review Report was approved by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors on January 19, 1956, and is scheduled for early submission to the Congress. The revised project proposed in the Review Report is economic- ally feasible to a slightly greater degree than the project as authorized. In addition it has the firm support of local interests whereas the original proposal is strongly opposed. In view of this situation, and contingent upon approval of the Congress, the Review Report plan is herein considered to represent the existing project. Funds available for advance engineering for fiscal year 1956 were accordingly used in further development of the Review Report plan and a Site Selection Report was prepared under date of June 15, 1956. Pursuant thereto, the existing project is con- sidered to have normal pool at about elevation 262, with approxi- mately 500,000 acre-feet of flood-control storage space available between pool elevations 252 and 265. The single lift navigation lock, 86 feet wide by 675 feet long in clear dimensions, will have a normal lift of 102 feet. The spillway, will be 1,390 feet long, with 23 gates designed to pass a design flood of 2,250,000 cubic feet per second at maximum pool elevation 276 above mean sea level. Initial power installation will be 12 units at 100,000 kw. each for a total of 1,200,000 kw. with skeleton structures pro- vided for 8 additional units to permit an ultimate installation of 2,000,000 kw. Fishladders and other facilities as necessary will be provided for passage of anadromous fish. The estimated cost of the project in accordance with the above referenced Site Selection Report, and based on July 1956 price levels, is $350,000,000. 1810 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: The authorized project, as presented in House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d Session, located John-Day Dam at a site which was, at a late date, discovered to have unsuitable foundation conditions. The same House Document recommended that further studies be undertaken to determine a more suitable location. Such studies were completed during the fiscal year and results thereof, recom- mending location of the dam two-miles downstream of the site previously considered were submitted in Design Memorandum No. 2, "Site Selection Report, John Day Lock and Dam, Columbia River, Oregon and Washington," dated June 15, 1956. In addition, studies in connection with Design Memorandum No. 1, "Hydrol- ogy," are 95 percent complete, and preparation of Design Memor- andum No. 3, "General Design Memorandum," is 19 percent com- plete at the end of the fiscal year. Total costs during the fiscal year were $590,319, all for new work. Gondition at end of fiscal year. Construction has not been in- itiated. Planning prior to initiation of construction is 29 per- cent complete, based on the assumption that present project authorization will be revised in accordance with recommendations in the 1955 Review Report, on which Congressional action has not yet been taken, and on which detailed planning studies have been predicated. Total costs have been $590,319, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30,1956 1952 New work: Appropriated....------------------ ............ ------------------..................... ----------............ $550,000 $550,000 Cost----------------------------............. ............ ------------............ ............590,319 -----------...........--- 1590,319 i $72,000 advanced during fiscal year 1956. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 -__. -$44, 153 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 1, 450, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957------------------------------- 1,405,847 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project________________________ 348, 000, 000 5. COLUMBIA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES ABOVE CELILO FALLS TO KENNEWICK, WASH. Location. This project includes improvement of 128 miles, of the Columbia River between the head of Celilo Falls and Kenne- wick, Wash. (See U. S. Geological Survey May of Washington.) Previous project. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1992 of Annual Report for 1915; page 1889, Annual Report for 1931; and page 1845, Annual Report for 1938. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DIST. 1811 Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep and 150 feet wide at low water from Celilo Falls to Wallula, with no specified depth or width between Wallula and the mouth of the Snake River and for an approach channel 6 feet deep at low water from the navigation channel in the Columbia River to the site of port development at Arlington, Oreg. The actual cost for new work exclusive of amounts expended on the previous project was $1,356,584. The latest 1954 approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000. The incompleted channel rectification work at Owyhee Rapids, Squally Hook and at Indian Rapids, is classified as inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion revised in 1954 is estimated to be $419,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Apr. 8, 1935 Emergency Relief Appropriation Act authorized the Rivers and Harbors Committee existing project as an Emergency Relief project. Doc. 16, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Adopted existing project as a river and harbor project_ Mar. 2, 1945 Arlington approach channel.. - - ----.-............ 8. Doc. 28, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Kennewick approach channel-------........,,,,-- . . H. Doc. 324, 77th Cong., 1st sess. 2 1 Contains latest published map. 2 Construction of McNary Dam has obviated the necessity for this work. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, provides that for the Arlington Channel, local interests give assurances that they will construct a suitable freight termi- nal, open to all on equal terms. These assurances were approved December 29, 1947, but a suitable freight terminal has not been constructed. Terminal facilities. There is one public dock and terminal on this stretch of river located at Pasco, Wash. (mile 127.2 above Celilo), and owned by the port of Pasco. Located adjacent to the wharf are the following: (a) A bulk grain elevator of 500,000- bushel capacity, and served by rail, water, and truck transporta- tion. Within the structure is a warehouse for handling general cargo. (b) Storage facilities for a total of 11,000,000 gallons of petroleum products, 10,000,000 of which are served by rail, water, truck, and pipeline transportation, the remaining 1,000,000 gallons being served by water and truck only. Privately owned storage facilities for handling waterborne commerce with capacities and locations are as follows: A bulk grain elevator of 2,000,000-bushel capacity, with rail, truck, and water connections is located at Kennewick, Wash. (mile 127.1 above Celilo) ; a 300,000-bushel capacity grain elevator at Arling- ton, Oreg. (mile 40.8 above Celilo); and a 335,000-bushel elevator at Umatilla, Oreg. (mile 88.2 above Celilo). Other facilities for handling bulk grain from truck to river craft, but without rail connections are as follows: A bulk grain elevator of 400,000-bushel capacity at Port Kelley, Wash. (mile 110.8 above Celilo) ; a 540,000-bushel elevator at Patterson, Wash. (mile 77.4 1812 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 above Celilo) ; and directly across the Columbia River from Pat- terson, Wash., a 670,000-bushel elevator. At Umatilla, Oreg. (between mile 289.4 and 290.2 above the mouth), there are stor- age facilities for handling approximately 9,200,000 gallons of petroleum products and 156,000 gallons of aqua ammonia, with truck, rail, and water connections. There is a railroad located on each bank of the river, but there is no physical connection be- tween the railroad and the river except as noted. At Irrigon, Oreg. (mile 77.6 above Celilo), there is a privately owned wharf for the shipment of lumber and general cargo by barge. Also, on the Oregon shore across the river from Patterson, Wash., there is a privately owned dock for the shipment of general cargo by barge. Located on the Snake River, main tributary of the Columbia River (between mouth and mile 2.7), there are privately owned storage facilities for handling the following: Approximately 46,818,000 gallons of petroleum products, with truck, rail, water and pipeline connections; 11,411,155 pounds of anhydrous am- monia; 893,646 gallons of aqua ammonia; 25,112 gallons of sul- phuric acid; 32,606 barrels of asphalt emulsions with truck, rail and water connections; and storage facilities for 11,199 barrels of bulk cement. These facilities, with planned extensions, are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Reconnaissance and condition surveys determining channel depths in the vicinity of Boardman, Oreg. were made at a cost of $1,203. Condition at end of fiscal year. The authorized 7-foot channel 150 feet wide has been completed to the foot of Umatilla Rapids. The controlling depth between Celilo Falls and the foot of Umatilla Rapids is 7 feet, survey of August 1954. For that portion of the project above McNary Dam, project depths and greater are avail- able at all times. The Arlington approach channel was completed in 1948. Total costs have been $2,183,648 of which $1,356,584 (including $400,000 Emergency Relief Administration funds) was for new work and $827,064 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 . _ Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------------.--- $1,851,195 Cost------ --- ------------ ---------------------------------- ------------ 1,851,195 Maintenance: Appropriated......---- $9,840 $4,000 $2,600 $53,500 $1,250 928,013 Cost----------------- 9,840 3,621 2,693 53,714 1,203 927,894 1 Includes $494,611 for new work and $100,830 for maintenance from previous projects. 2In addition $25,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. FLOOD CONTROL---WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1813 6. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last __ Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Umatilla Harbor__ --------------------------- 1952 -1 000 $654, 1 No funds appropriated for work. Inactive. 7. COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, LOCAL FLOOD-PROTECTION PROJECTS Location. The improvements included in this project are located along the Columbia River and its tributaries. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, approved a general comprehensive plan for the Columbia River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session, and authorized the sum of $75,000,000 to be appropriated for the partial accomplish- ment of certain projects. Of this authorization, an amount not to exceed $15,000,000 was authorized for the construction of local flood-protection works throughout the Columbia River Basin, sub- ject to the conditions that all work undertaken pursuant to this authority shall be economically justified prior to construction, and local cooperation specified in the 1936 Flood Control Act, as amended, shall be required. Protection to the following areas, located in the Walla Walla District, is being considered under this latter authorization. Status June 30, 1956 Project Federal cost Appropriated Cost 1- - - -- - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - Grande Ronde Valley, Oreg. $5, 240,000 $85,000 $84,643 Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, Idaho 1----- 1,210,000 539,000 73,083 Umatilla River, Oreg ..........-------------------------- 472,000------..-..-- Touchet River, Wash------..................... -560,000 7,000 4,225 Heise-Roberts Extension, Idaho......------------.---- Boise Valley, Idaho------------------------------ 5,250,000. . 583,000--------------------------- Lower Walla Walla River, Wash. (not justified)- ---- _-- -- __- -- 4,000 4,000 Blackfoot Area, Snake River, Idaho---- ---------------- 84,000 Blackfoot River, Idaho-------.....----------------------- 512,000 -.-.............-..............- Shelley Area, Idaho------.......................---------------.......------------- 59,000......................... Little Wood River, Idaho-------------------------- -- 211,000---------------------- Kendrick, Potlatch River, Idaho_------------------------ 65,000 3,931 3,931 Mill Creek, Wash. (not justfied)- -..--.--------.---.---------.-.--. . 3,537 3,537 ------- 1,260,000 ........----....--.-............ Payette Valley, Idaho------..............................----------------- Teton River, Idaho (not justified)---------------------- ------------- 10,387 10,387 .490,000 ------------. Malheur River, Oreg ...----------------- 11,000 10,259 South Fork, Clearwater River, Idaho_--..---.-.-... . 116,000 ............-........... Palouse River, Wash--------- ...........----------------------- 5.. 84,000 . . Mud Lake Area, Idaho- - . .------------------ 768,000 ------......... _.......... Weiser River, Idaho ----.--------------------------- 2,740,000 12,000 11,021 Whitebird Creek, Idaho-.....----------------------------- 73,000 ............-.-. ..........-.... Camas Creek, Idaho_------------------------- 780,000 ............ _-................ John Day River Area, Oreg.--------------------------- 610,000 -----....................... 1The economic justification of work proposed for this area has been established in compliance with conditions set forth in the Flood Control Act of 1950. Reported in detail in an individual report. Note. This list does not include improvements in Portland and Seattle Districts. 1814 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies to all the flood-control projects. Operations and results during fiscal year. Justification reports were completed for Weiser River, Marsh Creek unit of Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, and Kendrick, Potlatch River, Idaho lo- cations; lower Walla Walla River, Washington location; and Umatilla River, Oregon location. Justification reports were con- tinued for Grande Ronde River and Malheur River, Oregon loca- tions; and Touchet River, Washington location. Design memo- randum on upstream storage investigations, Grande Ronde Valley, Oregon location, was completed and preparation of a general design memorandum was continued. Plans and specifications were continued for the Pocatello unit of Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, Idaho location. Total costs for the fiscal year were $111,961. Condition at end of fiscal year. Justification reports for Teton River, Idaho location; and Mill Creek and Lower Walla Walla River, Washington locations are complete. Local flood protection at these locations is not economically justified. Justification re- ports for Kendrick, Potlatch River, Marsh Creek unit of Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, and Weiser River, Idaho locations; and Umatilla River, Oregon location, recommend construction of flood- protective works. Justification reports for Touchet River, Wash- ington location, is 30_percent complete; for Malheur River, Oregon location, 98 percent complete. Upstream storage investigations report on Grande Ronde Valley, Oregon location, is complete and recommends construction of channel improvements in the valley which can be coordinated with upstream storage at a later date. The general design memorandum for Grande Ronde Valley is 85 percent complete. Plans and specifications for the Pocatello unit of Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, Idaho location, are 87 percent complete. Total costs have been $205,086. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 New work: ............ --------- $30,000 Appropriated-------------------- $20,200 $1,655 $51,855 Cost----------------------------........... -------- 18,619 9,424 19,317 47,360 Excludes Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, Idaho, and Grande Ronde Valley, Oreg., reported in detail in individual report. Does not include amounts appropriated for improvements in Portland District as follows: Prineville Crooked River Oreg ---------------------------- $4,000 Randle, dowlitz River, Wash.----.----- ... .. .. .. ... .. .. . . . 5-00 Total------------- ----------------------------------------------------- $9, 500 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $4, 495 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 102, 000 -.--... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 80, 1957.-- - ------------------ --- 106, 495 FLOOD CONTROL-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1815 8. JACKSON HOLE, SNAKE RIVER, WYO. Location. This project is located on both banks of the Snake River in the vicinity of Wilson, Wyo. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a levee with full riprap protection on the right bank, extending from a knoll at the Circle H. Ranch, which is approximately 9.2 miles up- stream from the Jackson Wilson Highway Bridge, to a point ap- proximately 2.5 miles below the same bridge, a total length of 11.7 miles; also a levee with full riprap protection along the left bank, extending approximately 0.9 of a mile immediately upstream from the Jackson-Wilson Highway Bridge. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (PL 516, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost revised in 1956 is $2,280,000 for construction. The costs of rights-of-way are to be paid by local interests. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. General design memorandum was completed and supplemental design studies re- garding greater extent of protection were continued. Total costs during the fiscal year were $42,959. Condition at end of fiscal year. Supplemental data for general design memorandum is 95 percent complete. Plans and specifica- tions for first unit of work on right bank upstream from Jackson- Wilson Bridge were initiated. No construction work has been done. Total costs have been $95,345. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated------------------- -------.............------------ $53,000 $45,000 $98,000 Cost..--------------- ----------- - ------...------------ 52,386 42,959 95,345 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------ $2, 423 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-_ 400, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------------------- 402, 423 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_------------------- _ 1, 782,000 9. PORTNEUF RIVER AND MARSH CREEK, COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, IDAHO Location. This project is located at three areas along the Portneuf River and along the entire length of its main tributary, Marsh Creek, all in southeastern Idaho. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for chan- nel straightening and improvement, remoal of obstructions and construction of new levees and revetments or improvements to 1816 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 existing levees in the Blackrock area, in and adjacent to the city of Pocatello, Idaho, and in the vicinity of Inkom, Idaho, all of the Portneuf River, and channel improvement along the entire length of Marsh Creek. The existing project was authorized under the Columbia River Basin plan by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (Public Law 516, 81st Cong., 2d sess.), subject to economic justi- fication. Justification was provided by a survey report completed in fiscal year 1953. The estimated cost revised in 1956 is $1,210,000 for construction. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions for the Pocatello unit were continued during the fiscal year. Funds for construction were allotted during the fiscal year, but work was not initiated due to lack of compliance with the require- ments for local cooperation. Total costs during the fiscal year were $41,296. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. Plans and specifications for the Pocatello unit of the proj- ect are 87 percent complete. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ ------------ -------.........-------- $20,000 $19,000 $500,000 $539,000 ......... Cost------------------------- ----------- 17,766 14,021 41,296 73,083 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_------- $465, 917 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957________________________________ 465,917 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_________________________-- 671, 000 10. LUCKY PEAK RESERVOIR, BOISE RIVER, IDAHO Location. On the Boise River in southwestern Idaho approxi- mately 9 miles southeast of the city of Boise, and approximately 12 miles downstream from Arrowrock Reservoir. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of a rolled-earthfill dam approximately 250 feet high and 1,700 feet long at the crest, with a reservoir providing a total stor- age, at normal pool level, of 306,000 acre feet. The ungated ogee type spillway with unlined channel is located on the left abutment and is designed to pass 93,000 cubic feet per second at maximum pool. The outlet works located on the left abutment consist of a tunnel controlled by six 5 ft. by 10 ft. slide gate valves. The plan contemplates the joint use of storage in Lucky Peak, Arrowrock, and Anderson Ranch Reservoirs. Operations of the dam as a flood-control facility will be by the Department of the FLOOD CONTROL-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1817 -Army under the direction of the Secretary of the Army with the understanding that complete or partial joint use of the storage in the three reservoirs may be undertaken at such time as may be agreed upon by the Secretary of the Army, Secretary of the Interior, and local interests concerned with flood control and use of irrigation water. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. The latest (1955) approved estimated project cost is $19,900,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: An operations building and security fencing were constructed. Steel liners were installed in the concrete flip buckets at the outlet works. Pressure relief valves were installed in the outlet tunnel. Maintenance: Normal operation and maintenance of the proj- ect continued. Total costs during the fiscal year were $372,809 for new work, and $54,858 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project, which was initiated in. November, 1949, is 91 percent com- plete. The spillway is complete and the dam is essentially com- plete. Relocated State Highway No. 21 is open to traffic, with surfacing deferred pending stabilization of the road bed. Robie Creek Road is complete. Arrowrock Road is complete except for a small amount of realinement, stabilization of rock cuts, and replacement of a few embankments. Work being accomplished by the Bureau of Reclamation on Arrowrock Dam is complete. Total costs have been $18,029,510 for new work and $64,526 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1952 New work: Appropriated..-..- $3,800,000 $4,975,000 $1,500,000 $1,750,000 $500,000 $18,705,000 Cost---------------................. -2,784,969 4,482,800 3,670,796 1,621,116 2 372,809 18,029,510 Maintenance: Appropriated----........----------------------------------- 9,760 56,000 65,760 Cost---------- ------------------------------------ 9,668 2 54,858 64,526 1 Includes $460,000 loaned to other projects. 2 Includes adjustments of $310 for new work and $108 for maintenance costs applicable to fiscal year 1955. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956----- 1 $598,013 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-------------------------------- 598, 013 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------ 1,195, 000 11. GRANDE RONDE VALLEY, COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. This project is located along Grande Ronde River; Catherine, Willow and Ladd Creeks, and lower reaches of several small tributaries, all in the eastern part of Oregon. 1818 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Existing project. This project provides for channel improve- ment and construction of levees on both banks of Grande Ronde River between LaGrande and Elgin; on Catherine Creek through Union downstream, including the old channel of Grande Ronde River; on Willow and Ladd Creeks; and on the lower reaches of several small tributaries. The existing project was authorized under the Columbia River Basin Plan by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (PL 516, 81st Congress, 2d sess.) subject to economic justification. The economic justification of this work was established in 1951. The estimated cost revised in 1956 is $5,240,000 for construction. The costs of rights-of-way and highway and utility revisions will be paid by local interests. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. In addition to the usual re- quirements local interests are required to accomplish, at their own expense, any highway and utility revisions. Operations and results during fiscal year. Upstream storage investigation was completed. Channel improvements in the valley to give limited protection during the interim until upstream stor- age can be developed at a later date was recommended. Surveys and studies in connection with preparation of general design mem- orandum were continued. Total costs during the fiscal year were $51,348. Condition at end of fiscal year. General design memorandum is 75 percent complete. No construction has been done. Total costs have been $84,643. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ------- Appropriated........ -------- ------------ $10,000 $30,000 $45,000 $85,000 Cost-------------------------------------- 967 32,328 51,348 84,643 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-.- $206 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 -- - __ 206 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _.__ 5,155,000 - 12. COLFAX, PALOUSE RIVER, WASH. Location. This project is located on the Palouse River and the south fork of the Palouse River at and adjacent to their confluence and on Spring Flat Creek in eastern Washington. Existing project. This provides for flood-control works in the vicinity of and through Colfax, Wash., by channel enlargement and modification, levees, floodwalls, and revetments. The estimated cost revised in 1956 is $2,780,000 for construction. The cost of lands and damages is to be paid by local interests. FLOOD CONTROL--WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1819 The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 888, 77th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. In addition to the usual re- quirements, local interests are required to accomplish at their own expense the street, railroad, and bridge modifications necessary for the construction of the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Supplemental data to definite project report which has been submitted were approved. Plans and specifications were initiated. Total cost for the fiscal year were $18,827. Condition at end of fiscal year. Plans and specifications are 5 percent complete. No construction work has been done. Total costs have been $99,997. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------........ --$149 ------------------------ $7,000 $40,000 $120,851 Cost..........--------------- -- 2 ----------------------- 7,319 18,827 99,997 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 _-_... $20, 854 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957___ -- _ -- ___-- 20, 854 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- 2, 659,149 13. MILTON-FREEWATER, WALLA WALLA RIVER, OREG. Location. On both banks of the Walla Walla River between Joe West and McCoy Bridges in the vicinity of Freewater and Milton, Oreg., 8 miles south of Walla Walla, Wash. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for chan- nel rectification and improvement of approximately 7 miles of Walla Walla River in the vicinity of the towns of Milton and Free- water, Oreg. The lower 5.3 miles, between McCoy Bridge and the Milton powerplant, will be protected by levees with necessary revet- ment and channel improvement designed for a flood of 18,600 cubic feet per second. The upper 1.7 miles, extending from the Milton powerplant upstream to Joe West Bridge, will be improved by some channel clearing and rectification. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, House Document 719, 76th Congress, 3d session. The latest (1953) approved estimate of cost is $890,000 for construction, and $59,600 for lands and damages to be paid by local interests. The project will provide protection for the towns of Milton and Freewater and for other lower-lying areas in the Walla Walla River Valley from Milton, Oreg., to McCoy Bridge against floods with a discharge about two times as great as that of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in 1931. : 1820 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation have been furnished. Local interests have contributed $6,300 to cover the cost of their portion of diversion structures. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Investigation of test pits installed during construction was completed. Total costs for the fiscal year were $802. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of levee and chan- nel improvement has been completed throughout sections 1 to 6 inclusive. This includes all levees and revetments on the project. Remaining work consists of channel improvement from the up- stream limit of the project to station 108. This work is indef- initely postponed pending reopening by sponsors, and is not included in the approved estimate. Total costs have been $886,956 for new work. In addition, costs for the new work from contributed funds amounted to $6,300. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-----------------'_-$125,000 -$------------$3,044 $886,956 . ---Cost---- _ $123,106 148 $14 $1,449 802 886,956 14. MILL CREEK, WASH. Location. Near Walla Walla, Wash., on Mill Creek, a tributary of the Walla Walla River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of flood-control works consisting of a storage dam, outlet works, diversion works, division structures and improvement of a stretch of Mill Creek Channel, including the reconstruction of the Otis and Merriam Street Bridges across Mill Creek in the city of Walla Walla, Wash. The storage dam, which forms a reservoir of 6,000 acre-feet capacity, is a rolled earthfill structure 145 feet high, 3,200 feet long at the crest, and 800 feet wide at the base. Floodwater is diverted to storage by means of diversion works on Mill Creek con- sisting of a rolled earthfill dam 1,700 feet - long and 20 feet high, with a concrete spillway section and headworks at the left abut- ment, and a concrete-lined canal leading from the headworks to the storage reservoir. Stored water is subsequently released through outlet works consisting of a steel-lined concrete conduit through the base of the storage dam and a canal 5,900 feet in length from the dam to Mill Creek. The normal flow of water past the diver- sion works is apportioned, by means of 2 concrete division struc- tures, to the 3 delta streams, Yellowhawk, Garrison, and Mill Creek. The project controls the entire Mill Creek drainage area of 85 square miles, and care for a flood of 11,400 second-feet. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act approved August FLOOD CONTROL--WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1821 18, 1941, modified the project in accordance with the recommenda- tions of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 719, 76th Con- gress, 3d session. Cost of the completed project was $2,162,155. Local cooperation. For the project, except for Mill Creek through the city of Walla Walla, section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. For the section of Mill Creek through the city of Walla Walla, Wash., local interests have pro- vided without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the project, and will hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from improvement. Assurances of compliance with these requirements received from local interests were approved by the division engineer, March 2, 1948. Local interests have con- tributed $80,000 toward the cost of channel improvement through the city of Walla Walla. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Or- dinary operations and maintenance were.continued. Reservoir regulation was routine except diversions for bed sealing. Plans and specifications for channel stabilizers and a gaging station were completed and a contract awarded, but no work was done during the fiscal year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $19,630 all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam and appurtenant works was completed in 1942. An auxiliary outlet canal from the dam to Russel Creek and construction of additional drainage at the toe of the dam were completed in 1944. Paving of the channel through the City of Walla Walla was completed in 1948. Compaction of reservoir area, installation of seepage relief wells, grouting of interior drains and installation of new sluice gate were completed in 1949 and 1950. Diversion of water for bedsealing operations initiated in 1952 is being continued as con- ditions permit. Total cost has been $2,162,155 for new work and $433,937 for maintenance. In addition, costs for new work from contributed funds amounted to $80,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------........ ---- ------------ ------------ ---------- ----------- $2,162,155 Cost---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ----- 2,162,155 Maintenance: ------ Appropriated........ $15,000 $17,200 $13,500 $15,180 $134,750 549,530 Cost----------------- 14,899 17,290 17,459 16,583 219,630 433,937 1In addition $80,000was expended fornew work from contributed funds. year 1955. applicable tofiscal 2 Includes adjustment of$33 costs 1822 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 15. PENDLETON, UMATILLA RIVER, OREG. Location. This project is located on the Umatilla River in and adjacent to the city of Pendleton, Oreg. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a levee system in the Riverside area upstream from the Pendleton city limits; improvement of the channel, and strengthening the existing levees through the city of Pendleton, and raising, rehabili- tating, and extending existing levees in the State hospital area. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (PL 516, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost, revised in 1956, is $441,000 for construction exclud- ing the Riverside Area due to unwillingness of local interests to provide the required local cooperation. The costs of rights-of- way, utility relocations, and reconstruction of irrigation diversions are to be paid by local interests. The project will provide pro- tection against a flood of 28,000 second-feet in the Umnatilla River through and adjacent to Pendleton, Oreg. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. In addition to the usual requirements, local interests are required to accomplish, at their own expense, any utility relocations and irrigation diversions necessary for the construction of the project. Operationsand results during fiscal year. General design mem- orandum was continued. Total costs during the fiscal year were $9,187. Condition at end of fiscal year. General design memorandum is 98 percent complete. Total costs have been $20,096. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 New work: Appropriated-........ ....-. ............ ----- ...-- $15,000 $5,700 $20,700 Cost ---------------------------------------------- 10,909 9,187 20,096 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_______ $604 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 40, 1957_- 25, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------------------------- - 25, 604 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project --------- _--------------- 1 395, 300 Excluding Riverside Area. FLOOD CONTROL--WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1823 16. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance Pullman, Palouse River, Wash--.............. - 1953 $49,267 ........... - $1, 680,733 Pendleton, Umatilla River, Oreg---....._..... - 1939 143,263 -........-... (1) Dayton, Touchet River, Wash--............. . 1953 16,064 ---- -. -- 8.629,936 Malheur Improvement Dist., Snake River, Oreg., near Weiser, Idaho.......--....-..-.. 1949 319- .............._ 54,681 Pilot Rock, Birch Creek, Oreg.....-........... 1949 3,700---.....-. 3277,300 Lewiston-Clarkson levees........................ 1950- .------------.....-- . 2 a4,430,000 Arlington, Alkali Canyon, Oreg- ---.-..... -1950 .. 20,112 ----... 4 492,688 Heise-Roberts Area, Snake River, Idaho......... 1955 1,575,838 ----.......-. (1) 1 Completed. 2 No funds appropriated for work. S Inactive. Last cost estimate revision 1956. 4 Inactive. Last cost estimate revision 1954. 17. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Projects authorized subject to specified conditions of local co- operation are transferred to responsible local interests upon completion of construction for operation and maintenance in accordance with the requirements of the authorizing legislation. Inspections are made to determine compliance of local interests with assurances given regarding operation and maintenance and the physical condition of the improvements. Operations and results during fiscal year. The location and stream of each project inspected during the fiscal year are listed below by states: Oregon: Idaho-Continued: Union-Catherine Creek Jack Link Location-Boise River Nyssa-Owhyee River Slate and Allen Location-Boise River Idaho: Strunk Stillwell Location-Boise River Lewiston-Clearwater River Gooding-Little Wood River Orofino-Clearwater River Carey-Little Wood River Kooskia-Clearwater River Sunnydell Location-Snake River Stites-Clearwater River Heise-Roberts Area-Snake River Whitebird-Whitebird Creek Heise Bridge-Snake River Slate Creek-Slate Creek Swan Valley-Snake River Graves Creek-Graves Creek Blackfoot No. 2 Location-Snake River Weiser-Weiser River Pocatello-Portneuf River Cambridge-Weiser River Wyoming: Emmett-Payette River Jackson Hole-Upper Snake River Boise-Boise River Total costs during the fiscal year were $3,040. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 1824 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 18. FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interest of flood control. (Sec. 208 of the 1954 Flood Control Act, as amended.) In addition to funds previously allotted amounting to $264,184, funds in the amount of $38,205 were allotted during fiscal year 1956, making a total of $302,389 for all new work. In addition, local interests at Waitsburg, Wash. have contributed $20,000 to cover cost of their portion of Touchet River project, and $1,300 by local interests to cover the cost of their portion of the Price and Morgan intake locations, Jackson Hole, Snake River, Wyo. Channel clearing and snagging were completed at Lower Swan Valley location, Snake River, Idaho and Dump Creek location, Salmon River, Idaho. Also included in the fiscal year allotments was $10,000 for intermittent work along Little Salmon River be- tween Riggins and New Meadows. The Idaho State Highway Department accomplished most of the proposed work while repair- ing U. S. Highway No. 95 and the funds were subsequently revoked. Total costs from Federal funds during the fiscal year were $53,211. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $302,389, all for new work. Emergency bank protection (sec. 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). In addition to funds previously allotted amounting to $45,276, funds in the amount of $25 were allotted during fiscal year 1956, making a total of $45,301, all for new work. Total costs during the fiscal year were $6; total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $45,301. Small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). Operations during the fiscal year. No construction was accom- plished during the fiscal year. Work on the project report on Deep Creek near Potlatch, Idaho was terminated due to lack of ability of local interests to comply with the requirements of local cooperation. Total costs during the fiscal year were $66. Total costs to June 30, 1956, have been $274,769, all for new work. Emergency flood-control activities-Repair,flood fighting, and Rescue Work. (PL 99, 84th 'Cong., and antecedent legislation.) In addition to funds previously allotted in the amount of $2,660,384, funds in the amount of $406,970 were allotted during the fiscal year, making a total of $3,067,354, all for maintenance. Flood emergency operations were performed at 17 locations in Idaho, 5 locations in Washington and 6 locations in Wyoming during the fiscal year. Repair and restoration activities were performed at 1 location in Idaho and 3 locations in Wyoming. In addition, local interests contributed $9,252 during the fiscal year for their portion of the repair and restoration work. FLOOD CONTROL-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1825 Total costs from Federal funds during the fiscal year were $421,278. Total costs to June-30, 1956, have been $3,050,366. Cost and financial summary SNAGGING AND CLEARING Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: $35,561 Appropriated-----......--------------. $33,400 $18,362 $38,205 $302,389 Cost ---------------- $16, 471 1,286 51,086 34,384 253,211 302,389 1 In addition $21,300 was expended from contributed funds by local interests for Touchet River at Waitsburg, Washington. 2 Includes adjustment of $5 costs applicable to fiscal year 1955. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending J~ne 30, 1957__ $12,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957-________ __ -------- 12, 000 EMERGENCY BANK PROTECTION Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-------. -$292 ------------.------------ $4,000 $25 $45,301 ......----------- Cost....----------------.............-------.... ------------ 4,019 6 45,301 EMERGENCY FLOOD-CONTROL WORK UNDER AUTHORITY OF SECTION 212 OF FLOOD CONTROL ACT OF 1950 Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-..----..... -- $120,093 -$67,124 $269,650-$161,850 .--...-----... $274,769 Cost - ......- - 22,888 14,553 69,859 83,291 $66 274,769 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 _ $150, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957---_--_---------------------------- 150,000 FLOOD-CONTROL EMERGENCIES, REPAIR, FLOOD FIGHTING, AND RESCUE WORK Fiscal year ending June 30 -_Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ $46,219 $134,659 $33,205 $103,000 $406,970 $3, 067,354 Cost-----------------.... 80,654 132,114 80,234 94,842 2 421,278 13,050,366 1 In addition $64,651 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds: $35,399 for Touchet River at Dayton, Washington; $20,000 for Boise River, Silver Bridge, Idaho; $5,252 for Snake River, Jackson Hole, Wyo.; $1,417 for Snake River, Coulter-Huyler, Wyo. and $2,583 for Saake River, Heise-Roberts, Idaho. 2 Includes adjustment of $603 costs applicable to fiscal year 1955, 1826 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 19. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD-CONTROL OPERATIONS In accordance with section 7 of the Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, studies were continued for preparation of the operation plan and flood regulation manual for Palisades Reservoir under consideration by the Bureau of Reclamation on the upper Snake River. Operation of existing reservoirs on Boise River, Payette River, and upper Snake River were coordinated with the Bureau of Reclamation and irrigation interests to effect maximum practicable reduction of the spring flood runoff. Total costs during the fiscal year were $4,679. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 June 30, 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ ---------- ------------............ $1,000 $2,000 $4,700 $7,700 Cost--------------------------- ............ ------............ 54 2,800 4,679 7,613 20. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS Total costs of work during the fiscal year for flood-control studies were $51,901. The Survey Report on Umatilla River and Tributaries, Oregon, and the Review Report on Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, Idaho were completed. Work was continued on the Upper Snake River Survey report and also on the preliminary examination reports, Zintel Canyon, at Kennewick, Wash. and Yakima River near Richland, Wash. The anticipated allocation of $154,000 for fiscal year 1957 will be applied as follows: Continuation of the Upper Snake River Survey, $75,000; Esquatzel Coulee, Wash., survey, $35,000, and Mill Creek, Tributary of Walla Walla River, Wash., survey, $44,000. 21. COLLECTION AND STUDY OF BASIC DATA The unobligated balance as of June 30, 1955, in the amount of $448 was revoked during the fiscal year. There were no costs during the fiscal year. 22. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The total costs of hydrologic studies during the fiscal year were $2,349. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ALASKA DISTRICT This District consists of the Territory of Alaska. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control Page Page 1. Nome Harbor, Alaska-----.....-- 1827 9. Gold Creek, Alaska---------_1839 2. Harbor of Refuge, Seward, 10. Other authorized flood-control Alaska ----------------- 1829 projects_ _-----_---- 1840 3. Kodiak Harbor, Alaska-...- 1831 11. Inspection of completed flood- 4. Petersburg Harbor, Alaska_.... 1832 control projects-- 1841 5. Wrangell Narrows, Alaska.... 1834 6. Wrangell Harbor, Alaska..... 1836 7. Metlakatla Harbor, Alaska..- 1837 General Investigation 8, Other authorized navigation 12. Examinations and surveys. __ _ 1841 projects....---------------- 1839 1. NOME HARBOR, ALASKA Location. Nome Harbor is situated at the mouth of Snake River on the northerly shore of Norton Sound, an arm of Bering Sea. It is a shallow, open roadstead, 581 nautical miles north of Dutch Harbor and 2,288 nautical miles northwest of Seattle, Wash. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 9302, 9380, and 9381.) Existing project. This provides for 2 jetties, the easterly, 951 feet long, and the westerly, not exceeding 676 feet long, at the mouth of the Snake River; a channel 8 feet deep at mean lower low water and 75 feet wide from Norton Sound through Snake River to the mouths of Bourbon and Dry Creeks, in the city of Nome, terminating in a basin of similar depth 250 feet wide and 600 feet long, revetting the banks of the rivers; and protecting all existing waterfront improvements on the easterly beach by means of a rock-mound seawall 3,350 feet long extending easterly 'from the east jetty. The extreme tidal range is 2.8 feet and the range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 1.15 feet, but water levels are influenced more by wind than tide. Levels of 7 feet below mean lower low water have been observed during offshore winds, and a level of 14 feet above mean lower low water has been observed during a southerly storm. The actual cost for new work was $1,348,240. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance, ex- clusive of the seawall, which is to be maintained by local interests, is $47,500, excluding $2,500 to be contributed by the city of Nome. Extension of the jetties to authorized lengths is considered to be inactive and is excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The cost of this portion was revised in 1954 and was estimated to be $852,000 with $20,000 annual maintenance. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1827 1828 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Acts Work authorized Documents and reports 1 Aug. 8, 1917 For 2 jetties, the easterly 335 feet and the westerly 460 H. Doc. 1932, 64th Cong., 2d sess. feet long; revetment, channel, and basin 200 feet wide and 250 feet long. Aug. 30, 1935 Extension of the jetties and basin 2..... .... __----- H. Doc. 404, 71st Cong., 2d sess., and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 38, 73d Cong., 2d sess. June 16, 1948 Seawall---.......-........--.--....-.... - Report of the Chief of Engineers dated Mar. 8, 1948. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Extension of east jetty about 616 feet and west jetty not more than 216 feet authorized by River and Harbor Act of October 17, 1940 (H. Doc. 332, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) inactive. Local cooperation. In accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, which authorized the initial improvement, the city of Nome furnished evidence, ac- cepted by the Secretary of War on December 22, 1917, that it would contribute $2,500 annually toward the maintenance of the improvements and furnish all lands or easements necessary to the proper execution of the work. These conditions have been met annually as required. The conditions required in River and Harbor Act of June 16, 1948, which authorized the seawall, have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Cargoes and passengers from ocean ves- sels are lightered to and from shore a distance of about 2 miles. Traffic enters the dredged channel and is handled over the revet- ment, where transfer facilities that are open to public use have been installed by a lighterage company. These facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. There was no new work during the fiscal year. Maintenance was performed by Government plant and hired labor, July:1, through October 19, 1955 and June 11, through June 30, 1956, and consisted of dredging 13,800 cubic yards, at a cost of $40,688. Total maintenance costs for the fiscal year, which included $1,211 for operations and ordinary maintenance were $41,899, $39,399 from Federal funds and $2,500 from contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the original 335- and 460-foot jetties and the revetments was commenced in 1919 and completed in 1923. Reconstruction of the jetties with concrete to modified lengths of 240 feet and 400 feet was com- pleted in 1940. Dredging of the channel and the original 200- by 250-foot basin was commenced in 1919 and completed in 1922. Construction of the seawall was commenced in 1949 and completed in June 1951. Dredging of the 400-foot extension of the basin was commenced in 1949 and is complete with the exception of small areas in the northerly portion of the small boat harbor extension and around the Corps of Engineers marine ways which are not required. Timber revetments have been refaced with sheet steel piling. A portion of the east jetty was repaired in 1954 with a concrete fill. A portion of the west jetty has eroded to a point where some patching is required at two locations. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ALASKA DISTRICT 1829 The costs from Federal funds to June 30, 1956 have been $1,348,240 for new work and $1,363,661 for maintenance, a total of $2,711,901. The costs from contributed funds have been $125 for new work and $85,000 for maintenance, a total of $85,125. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated........ -$89,710 --------------------......................----------------------............ $1,348.240 Cost----------------- 2,763 ............------------------------------- 1,348,240 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ 23,000 $31, 850 $52,379 $28,035 $38,343 1,364,804 Cost-----------------51,480 33,725 52,972 32,346 39,399 1,363,661 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ............ .---------------------............................................... Appropriated...------------------------------------ $125 Cost..........----------------..------------............---.............................................--------... 125 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ Cost----------------... $2,500 2,500 $2,500 2,500 $2,500 2,500 .$2,500 2,500 $2,500 2,500 85,000 85, 000 2. HARBOR OF REFUGE, SEWARD, ALASKA Location. This harbor is located at Seward, Alaska, on the west side of the north end of Resurrection Bay. The harbor is about 130 miles west of Cordova, Alaska. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 8529 and 8552.) Existing project. This provides for a south breakwater 580 feet long and a north breakwater 950 feet long, dredging a basin about 207,000 square feet in area between the breakwaters to a depth of 121/2 feet at mean lower low water, raising the south breakwater and constructing pile breakwaters as extensions to existing works to partially close the east side of the basin. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.3 feet with an extreme range of 18.9 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (revised 1956) is $300,000. The approved estimate of annual cost 'of maintenance, made in 1952, is $4,000 for the south breakwater and basin and $1,075 for the pile breakwater. 1830 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports 1 July 3, 1930 South breakwater and dredge basin.-------------- H. Doc. 109, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 North breakwater__---.-.---------.__--.--.-- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 3, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 3, 1954 Raise the south breakwater, and construct 2 pile H. Doc. 182, 83d Cong., 1st sess. breakwaters on east side of basin. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. In accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of September 3, 1954, local interests are to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project; and provide and maintain suitable mooring facilities and utilities including a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. Docking facilities at Seward include a float constructed by local interests which will accommodate about 50 small boats, 1 commercial wharf, owned by the Alaska Railroad, which is available to the use of the public on payment of the usual wharfage charges, 1 wharf owned by the Standard Oil Company, 1 wharf owned by the United States Government and operated by the Alaska Railroad as a general cargo terminal, and 2 wharves which are privately owned and used for industrial purposes. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work performed under contract consisted of the placement of 1,105 cubic yards of rock on the south breakwater and partial construction of the southerly pile breakwater on the east side of the existing basin at a cost of $46,600. Total new work costs for the fiscal year were $55,296 including $8,696 for Government costs. Costs for the fiscal year for operation and ordinary maintenance were $1,311. Condition at end of fiscal year. The South breakwater was con- structed in 1931, the basin dredged in 1932, and the north break- water was constructed in 1937. Maintenance dredging to restore project depth over all navigable portions of the basin was com- pleted in fiscal year 1952 and the north breakwater was restored to project dimensions in fiscal year 1953. The present project is 35 percent complete. Work remaining to be done is completion of rock placement on the south breakwater and construction of the pile breakwaters. The costs to June 30, 1956, have been $209,450 for new work and $82,960 for maintenance, a total of $292,410. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ALASKA DISTRICT 1831 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------...........--------------------- ---------- $145,300 $299,454 Cost------------------------------------------------------- 55,296 209,450 Maintenance: Appropriated- ------ -$23,927 ------------ $37,500 ---------- 1,293 82,960 Cost----------------- 26,739------------ 29,742 $7,739 1,311 82,960 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $24, 038 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------------- ------------ 24,038 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----_--___ --- _--------- --- 546 3. KODIAK HARBOR, ALASKA Location. Kodiak Harbor is located on the northeastern shore of Kodiak Island and lies in the northern portion of St. Paul Har- bor and the southern half of North Channel, and is about 177 miles southwest of Seward, Alaska. (See U. S. Coast and Geodic Survey Charts Nos. 8534, 8545, and 8556.) Existing project. This provides for a channel between Near Island and Kodiak Island 22 feet deep at mean lower low water and 200 feet wide, and a small boat basin 11.7 acres in area with depths of 12 and 8 feet below mean lower low water protected by two rock breakwaters, 1,250 and 780 feet long. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.5 feet. The extreme range is about 17 feet. The latest approved estimate of cost of new work, revised 1956, is $2,300,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,125 for the channel improvement and $2,000 for the small boat basin. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 Channel 200 feet wide and 22 feet deep with additional H. Doc. 208, 72d Cong., 1st sess. width at the wharves. Oct. 17, 1940 Deletes additional width at the wharves-----------............. H. Doc. 332, 76th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map). Sept. 3, 1954 Small boat basin---- ------------------------ H. Doc. 465, 83d Cong., 2d sess. (contains latest published map). Local cooperation. In accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of 1954, local interests are to give assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, including quarry rights, necessary for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (b) perform the maintenance dredging necessary to insure project 1832 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 depths at all times; (c) construct, maintain, and operate adequate mooring facilities and utilities including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms; and (d) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construc- tion and maintenance of the project. The necessary assurances were submitted in 1951 and were re- affirmed by the City of Kodiak in Resolution No. 14-54, September 13, 1954. Terminal facilities. There are 5 wharves in Kodiak Harbor; 1 privately owned and 1 owned by the city are operated as commer- cial terminals, a Government dock accommodates vessels operated by the Fish and Wildlife Service and other Government agencies, 2 docks are owned and operated by oil companies for oil handling and bunkering. One general cargo wharf, the Government wharf and an oil dock are located in the improved channel, and the city- owned wharf and one oil dock are in the Inner Anchorage about one-half mile west of the town of Kodiak. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. No protected docking or anchorage facilties are available for small boats. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work performed under contract was completed and consisted of removal of 3,280 cubic yards of rock and sand and gravel overburden from the chan- nel at a cost of $73,720. Total new work costs for the fiscal year, including $11,747 for government costs, were $85,467. Condition at end of fiscal year. The channel was dredged in front of Erskine Wharf in 1942 and project depth was available over a width of 170 feet. Dredging and rock removal in the chan- nel to project depth with a width of 190 feet commenced in June 1955 and was completed in November 1955. Work remaining to be done is construction of the small boat basin. The costs have been $137,206 for new work and $3,458 for maintenance, a total of $140,664. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 30, 1956 June 30, June 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated ........-------.-- ------------ -------- -- $109, 900 $15, 500 $137, 545 Cost- -------------------------------------------- 51,739 85,467 137,206 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- ---------------------------------------------- ------------ 3,458 Cost---------------- -------------... 3,458 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $339 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ----------------------------- 500,339 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion. of existing project------------------ _ 1, 662, 455 4. PETERSBURG HARBOR, ALASKA Location. Petersburg Harbor is situated inside the northern entrance to Wrangell Narrows, on the northwesterly end of Mitkof Island 779 miles northwesterly from Seattle and 107 miles south- RIVERS AND IIARBORS--ALASKA DISTRICT 1833 westerly from Juneau. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 8170 and 8002.) Existing project. This provides for dredging suitable ap- proaches with a depth of 24 feet to the existing wharves; a small boat basin 11 feet deep between the Trading Union wharf and the Citizens wharf; a short channel 40 feet wide and 8 feet deep to the south side of the Forestry Service float; and deepening of the outer one-third of the small boat basin to a depth of 15 feet. All depths are referred to mean lower low water. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 16.4 feet. The extreme range is about 25 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $275,000 excluding $8,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 Approaches to the wharves; original small boat basin H. Doc. 483, 72d Cong., 2d sess. between the wharves to a line substantially follow- ing the mean lower low water line; and a channel to the Forestry Service float. Mar. 2, 1945 Enlargement of original small boat basin by dredging H. Doc. 670, 76th Cong., 3d sess. an area of about 135,000 sq. ft. adjacent to and shore- (contains latest published map). ward of the original basin. Sept. 2, 1954 Deepen the outer one-third of the small boat basin to H. Doc. 501, 83d Cong., 2d sess. a depth of'15 feet. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for original project. In accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, local interests are to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will revise and extend the present mooring float system in the harbor in conformity with a plan "that will ultimately provide accommodations for approxi- mately 330 small boats at one time in the dredged area. The town of Petersburg was advised of the requirements of local cooperation on October 10, 1947, and on December 26, 1947, indicated its willingness and ability to comply. The River and Harbor Act of 1.954 requires that local interests provide without cost to the United States necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way, in- cluding quarry rights and spoil-disposal areas, both for new work and subsequent maintenance; agree to provide and maintain, with- out cost to the United States, necessary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal and reasonable terms; and agree to hold and save the United States free from claims for damage due to con- struction and maintenance of the project. Terminal facilities. There are 6 wharves and 1 float in Peters- burg Harbor, One privately owned and operated wharf which serves as passenger, general cargo, and cold-storage terminal is open for public use. Another privately owned and operated wharf, serves as cannery, cold storage and moorage for govern- ment vessels. The publicly owned float is open for public use for 1834 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 mooring and servicing small craft. All of the other wharves are used for industrial purposes. These facilities are adequate, except that additional moorings are required for small boats. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions were prepared and contract awarded. Expenditures for new work were $6,615. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 46 per- cent physically complete. The original dredging was completed in 1937. In September 1952 project depths were available in the completed portions of the project except for small areas along the edge of the deepwater approaches to the steamer docks and in the southeasterly end of the small boat basin. The work remaining to be done is to dredge an area of about 135,000 square feet adjacent to and shoreward of the original basin, and deepen the outer one- third of the small boat basin. The costs from Federal funds have been $95,002 for new work and $413 for maintenance, a total of $95,415. In addition, $8,000 has been expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated..........--------------......----........---------------------------- $179,100 $267,487 Cost.......------------ ------------------------------------------ 6,615 95,002 Maintenance: Appropriated----........------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ 413 Cost .------------------------------------------............................................................ 413 1In addition, $8,000 was appropriated and expended from contributed funds on new work. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956- ----- $25, 935 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------------------------------- 25,935 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------------------------- 7, 513 5. WRANGELL NARROWS, ALASKA Location. Wrangell Narrows lies to the west of Mitkof Island, connects Sumner Strait with Frederick Sound, and forms a part of the inside water route from Puget Sound to southeastern Alaska. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 8170 and 8201.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 300 feet wide and 24 feet deep at mean lower low water, with improvement of the alinement of the original 200- by 21-foot channel; an anchorage basin adjacent to the channel in the vicinity of mile 14, 500 yards long, 200 yards wide, and 26 feet deep; a 27-foot depth at Peters- burg bar (shoal 2); easing curves at 4 shoals; removing a rock pinnacle opposite Anchor Point; removing 5 small rock pinnacles in towing channel. The extreme tidal range is about 25 feet at the northern end of RIVERS AND HARBORS---ALASKA DISTRICT 1835 the narrows. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 13.8 feet at the northern end, 14.2 feet mid- way of the narrows, and 13.1 feet at the southern end. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1956, is $4,150,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate of annual cost of main- tenance is $31,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1925 Original channel 21 feet deep and 200 feet wide, with H. Doc. 179, 67th Cong., 2d sess. increased depth in rock, 1 and 27 feet deep at shoal 2. Aug. 30, 19351 Enlargement of channel at shoal 1; 2easing of curves H. Doc. 647, 71st Cong., 2d sess. and removal of rock pinnacles. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 300 feet wide and 24 feet deep at mean lower H. Doc. 260, 76th Cong., 1st sess.3 low water, with improvement of existing alinement and an anchorage basin 500 yards long, 200 yards wide, and 26 feet deep. 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Encompassed by 24- by 300-foot.channel. 8 Contains.latest.published map. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities at Petersburg, the only port in the narrows, include 6 wharves and 1 float. One privately owned and operated wharf, which serves as a passenger, general cargo, and cold-storage terminal is open for public use. A publicly owned float is open for public use for mooring and servicing small craft. All of the other wharves are used for in- dustrial purposes. These facilities are adequate for the vessels benefited by the improvement of Wrangell Narrows. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Cost for the fiscal year for operations and ordinary maintenance was $825. 'Conditionat end of fiscal year. The original dredging was con- pleted in 1934. Dredging the channel 300 feet by 24 feet along an improved alinement was completed in June 1951. The work remaining to be done is to dredge the anchorage basin. The costs to June 30, 1956 have been $3,195,502 for new work, including $136,737 from public works funds, and $249,022 for maintenance, a total of $3,444,524. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated........ --$23,800 -$1,026 -$779 ------------ ------------ $3,195,502 Cost------..........----------..... 20,126 -348 4,314 -'3,195,502 Maintenance: Appropriated...------.... 16,121 3,250 -3 $5,235 $863 249,022 Cost----------------. 5,827 7,040 ------------.. 5,273 825 249,022 1New work total includes $136,737 of NIRA funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------$954, 498 1836 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 6. WRANGELL HARBOR, ALASKA Location. Wrangell Harbor is located on the west side of the northern end of Wrangell Island, 824 miles from Seattle and 160 miles from Juneau. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 8164, 8161, and 8201.) Existing project. This provides for constructing a rubble- mound breakwater 300 feet long to protect the southern portion of the harbor, and dredging a mooring basin 600 feet long, 400 feet wide, and 10 feet deep below mean lower low water within the protected area; for an inner basin in the tide flat area east of Shakes Island. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 13.8 feet. The extreme tidal range is 26 feet. Heavy swells, dangerous to small fishing boats, are caused by the wind, which causes an additional rise of about 1 foot. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1956 is $467,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $3,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 22, 1922 Breakwater 300 feet long to protect southern portion H. Doc. 161, 67th Cong., 2d sess. of harbor. Aug. 30, 1935 Mooring basin 600 feet long, 400 feet wide, and 10 feet H. Doc. 202, 72d Cong., 1st sess. deep. Mar. 2, 1945 Inner basin and connecting channel from the existing H. Doc. 284, 76th Cong., 1st sess. mooring basin, both 10 feet deep at mean lower (Contains latest published map.) low water, and breakwater 320 feet long on the reef north of Shakes Island. Local cooperation. In accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, local interests are to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will, within 12 months after completion of the basin, install suffi- cient floats and moorings to accommodate 200 small boats at one time in the dredged areas, and will, when required by the Secretary of the Army, install facilities for an additional 200 boats in: the existing basin. The necessary assurances are contained in resolu- tion of the town of Wrangell, dated January 14, 1946, approved by the Secretary of War, March 25, 1946. Terminal facilities. There are seven wharves and floats in Wrangell Harbor. Two privately owned wharves serving general cargo and passenger terminals, one of which includes a cold- storage facility, are open for public use. The remaining wharves serve various industrial purposes. One of the floats is publicly owned and is open for public use for mooring and servicing small craft, and two privately owned floats serve oil-handling facilities. Additional mooring floats to accommodate 200 small boats are required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work performed under contract consisted of removal of 61,000 cubic yards of material from the inner harbor and connecting channel, and RIVERS AND HARBORS-ALASKA DISTRICT 1837 blasting of exposed rock in preparation for removal, at a cost of $78,200. Total new work costs for the fiscal year, including $18,735 for Government costs, were $96,935. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Point Shekesti break- water was completed in 1926. The original basin was completed in 1936. In June 1952, project depths were available in the com- pleted small boat basin except for small areas along the edges. Dredging of the inner harbor and connecting channel commenced in May 1956 and is 40 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is to complete dredging of the inner basin and construct the breakwater north of Shakes Island. The costs have been $187,956 for new work and $7,350 for maintenance, a total of $195,306. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: ........ Appropriated----------- ------------ $376, 000 ...........------------------------ $467,021 Cost---------- 96,935 -----------------------------------------.........--- 187,956 Maintenance: Appropriated--------... $4,000- .......- - 7,350 Cost--------------- 1,350 $2,650 ----------------------------------- 7,350 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 - _ $51, 335 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ---------------------------------------- 51,335 7. METLAKATLA HARBOR, ALASKA Location. This harbor is located in the southern portion of Port Chester, a small bay on the northwest coast of Annette Island in southeastern Alaska, 18 miles south of Ketchikan. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 8074 and 8075.) Existing project. This provides for dredging a small-boat basin, 2.18 acres in extent, to a depth of 10 feet below the plane of mean lower low water, and for constructing a rubblemound break- water 900 feet in length. The diurnal range is 14.7 feet and the extreme range is 24 feet. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1956, is $392,000, including $40,000 contributed by local interests. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, 1945 (H.D. 138, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Local interests were required to contribute $40,000 toward the cost of the improvement, and provide without cost to the United States all necessary quarry rights and easements thereto. The conditions have been met. Terminal facilities. There are two wharves in Metlakatla Harbor. One of these, publicly owned, is used by small vessels in local trade. The other, with a least depth of 23 feet longside, 1838 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 serves a fish cannery and is used to some extent for general cargo by vessels in the coastwise trade. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work performed under contract consisted of construction of the breakwater by placing about 25,400 cubic yards of rockfill and 5,400 cubic yards of armor rock; and dumping about 1,400 cubic yards of dump rip- rap for bank protection, at a cost of $206,000; and construction of the small-boat basin by removal of about 59,600 cubic yards of sand and gravel at a cost of $76,900. Total new work costs for the fiscal year, including $42,090 for Government costs, were $324,990. Condition at the end of fiscal year. Construction of the break- water and dredging of the basin commenced in April 1956 and was completed June 1956. Total new work costs were $324,990, $40,000 from contributed funds and $284,990 from Federal funds. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to 1956 June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 New work: Appropriated ......----------------------------------------------- $352,300 $352,300 Cost------ -- ------------ ------------ ---------------------- 284,990 284,990 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 $65, 700 ------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------------------------- 65, 700 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated----------......... ----------------------------- ............ Cost---------------------------------------------- ............ --------- $40,000 --------............40,000 $40,000 40,000 FLOOD CONTROL--ALASKA DISTRICT 1839 8. OTHER AUTHORIZED NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Apoon Mouth of the Yukon River-------- ......... 1920 $128,896.04 $2,153.83 (1) 2. Cordova Harbor, Alaska._.--------.... 1952 253,534.14 92,999.79 (1) 3. Craig Harbor, Alaska...................... 1945 ---------------------------- $365,000 4. Dry Pass, Alaska, A ---.................. - 1949 58,665.32 536.79 1,720,000 5. Egegik River, Alaska as------- -194.1 4,441.10 ..............--------- (1) 6. Efin Cove, Alaska, -- asa---... .. . .. 1945 --------- ,-- -------------- 173,000 7. Gastineau Channel, Alaska--.................. 1952 ------ _--.------------ 1,150,000 8. Iliuliuk Harbor, Alaska-----.......-.-.-- . 1941 66,036.59 -------------- (1) 9. Juneau Harbor, Alaska----.......------ - 1952 150,715.81 28,464.40 (1) 10. Ketchikan Harbor, Alaska_--------------- 1953 224,945.84 33,438.50 4,025,000 11. Meyers Chuck Harbor, Alaska--- - i.... 1945 ..--------------- .-------- 132,000 12. Nome Harbor, Alaska 4 - 1954 ---------------------------- 852,000 13. Neva and Olga Strait, Alaskkaa-.. 1 .--...-------------. 313,000 14. Pelican Harbor, Alaska---------------------....................... --------------------- 362,000 15. Port Alexander, Alaska-_--------------- 1949 17,000.00 593.83 (1) 16. Port Alexander, Alaska 4-------------------- 1949 .---------------------------- 97,000 17. Rocky Pass in Keku Strait, Alaska- .----------. 1-----------.-------------- 333,000 18. St. Michael Canal, Alaska t ---. 1916 377,061.95 559.76 (1) 19. Seldovia Harbor Alaska.------------------- 1949 ----- _-------------------- - 304,000 20. Sitka Harbor, Alaska .1952 ed_,----------------_ 64,797.04 4,605.98 1,105,000 21. SkagwayHarbor,e Alaska_ ------------------ a--a--------- 1953 62,172.99 55,000 22. Skagway River, Alaska (O & M Specia ___ 1953 -------------- 11,667.00 (') 23. Stikine River, Alaska-- 1949 -------------- 4, 757. 10 (6) .. 24. Valdez Harbor, Alaska-----____--------- 1952 52,361.08 42,728.96 128,600 1 Completed. oAbandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 79th Cong., 1st sess. a No maintenance required at present. 4 Inactive. Estimate revised 1954. s This amount was used to partly fund a joint civil works and maintenance project for emergency work on Skagway River. 6 Authorized for maintenance only. 9. GOLD CREEK, ALASKA Location. Gold Creek rises in the coastal mountains approxi- mately 4 miles east of Juneau and flows through the western section of the City of Juneau and empties into Gastineau Channel. Its total length is about 5 miles and it drains an area of about 10.2 square miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 8235.) Exiting project. The plan of improvement provides for a rein- forced concrete channel lining 1,717 feet in length for that portion of Gold Creek passing through the City of Juneau together with the necessary intake and downstream energy dissipating struc- tures. The project will provide protection to the City of Juneau from a project flood of 4,800 cubic feet per second. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1955 is $428,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved September 3, 1954 (H. Doc. 54, 82d Cong., 1st sess.). This docu- ment contains the latest map of the locality. Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act of September 3, 1954, provides that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way neces- sary for the construction of the project; (b) contribute to the United States the cost of making all necessary alterations to 1840 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 bridges and utilities and of constructing a guard fence on both banks of the channel; (c) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (d) maintain all the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. The City of Juneau was notified of the requirements of local cooperation in letter dated February 18, 1949, and assurances of cooperation were con- tained in Resolution from the Common Council of Juneau and transmitted in letter dated February 24, 1949. In 1934 and 1935 the Works Projects Administration con- structed a cemented rubble channel at a cost of approximately $84,000. In addition, the City of Juneau has expended about $51,910 for emergency channel repairs since 1946. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Design memorandum was completed at a cost of $8,216 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done under the existing project. The costs from Federal funds for new work has been $8,216. For emergency work performed prior to authori- zation of the existing project see Annual Report for 1953. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated _----------- ....... _------------_------------ ------------ $35,000 $35,000 Cost.---------------- ---------------------------------- ----------- 8,216 8,216 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956 .. _-_-. $26, 784 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_- 393, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957----------------------_------------- 419, 784 10. OTHER AUTHORIZED FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1956 For last Estimated full report amount re- Name of project see Annual Operation quired to Report Construction and mainte- complete for- nance 1. Fairbanks, Tanana River and Chena Slough, Alaska-------------------------------- 1945 $557,000.00 ---------. ( ) 2. Lowell Creek, Alaska.------------- --------_ 1945 416,382.29 $30;771.35 () 38. Skagway, Skagway River, Alaska...----..--..------.... 1953 21,384.93 .-- $884,600 4. Salmon River, Alaska---_---. ------------ 1954 834,231.00 '"21,246.00 () 5. Emergency bank-protection work under authority of section 14 of the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946....-..----....---------........ 1952 24,898.00 ----- (6) 6. Emergency flood-control work under au- thority of section 5 of the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, as amended 7.. 1950 ----------------- 46,831.20 (1) 7. Emergency flood-control work under au- thority of Public Law 138, 78th Congress, and Public Laws 102 and 858, 80th Congress.. 1953 ------------- 72, 360.91-----.... 8. Emergency flood-control work under au- thority of section 208 of the 1948 Flood Control Act, 80th Congress, 2d session, and Public Law 371 Approved June 4, 1952, 82d Congress, 2d session-......-.----...---- 1953 -lO 151,720.81 ..........------------. . GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS-ALASKA DISTRICT 1841 1 Completed and transferred to local interests for maintenance. 2In addition, $25,000 has been expended from contributed funds. 2 In addition, $7,000 has been expended from contributed funds. 4 In addition, $2,400 has been expended from contributed funds. b Completed. 6 Emergency bank-protection of Talkeetna River at Talkeetna, Alaska. Completed. 7 Emergency flood-control work, Gold Creek, Juneau, Alaska. 8 Consists of emergency dike repair Skagway River $47,360.91 and channel revetment repairs Gold Creek, Juneau $25,000. 9 Consists of emergency repairs Skagway River $44,299.43 and emergency flood control work Gold Creek, Juneau $107,421.38. to Does not include $11,667 which was used to partly fund a joint Civil Works-Military project for emergency work on Skagway River. Included in Other Authorized Navigation Projects table. 11. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD-CONTROL WORKS Inspections were made of Lowell Creek and Fairbanks, Tanana River and Chena Slough projects during fiscal year 1956 in con- junction with other civil works activities in the area at no cost to the project. 12. EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS The cost of work during the fiscal year amounted to $37,663. This amount includes $23,187 for examination and surveys, flood- control studies and $14,476 for navigation studies. The funds unexpended June 30, 1956, $7,219 together with an anticipated allotment of $50,000, $20,000 for flood control and $30,000 for navigation, will be applied as needed during fiscal year 1957 for further study in connection with Interim Report No. 6 Northwestern Alaska and Interim Report No. 7---Yukon and Kuskokwim Rivers. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF ENGINEERS FOR RIVERS AND HARBORS The Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors was authorized by section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved June 13, 1902. The enabling act provided for the organization in the Office of the Chief of Engineers by detail from time to time from the Corps of Engineers of a Board of five engineer officers (later increased by legislation to 7 members), a majority of whom shall be of a rank not less than lieutenant colonel. The act with subsequent amendments directs that all reports on authorized preliminary examinations and surveys of river and harbor and flood-control projects be reviewed by the Board prior to submission of the reports by the Chief of Engineers with his recommendation to Congress. The review is for the purpose of determining the economic and enginering justification of the proj- ects reported upon. The Board is also required upon request by the appropriate committees of Congress to review and report through the Chief of Engineers upon any authorized project or desired improvement previously reported upon with a view to recommending the initiation of a project or modification of an existing project. The Chief of Engineers may refer to the Board for consideration and recommendation all special reports ordered by Congress and may prescribe such other duties as he desires. Additional duties were assigned to the Board under the terms of section 8 of the Merchant Marine Act of 1920, and of Various River and Harbor Acts, notably those of February 1891 and Sep- tember 1922. In compliance with the Merchant Marine Act, the Board is responsible, in cooperation with the Maritime Adminis- tration, for collecting, compiling, and publishing information on more than 100 sea and Great Lakes ports. Under the River and Harbor Acts, the Board compiles and publishes data on the water transportation lines of the United States, and other publications containing information on the waterborne commerce of the United States, and on the port terminal charges at United States ports. It provides technical supervision over the compilation and publica- tion of the National Summary Tables and the Regional Statistical Reports containing the statistics pertaining to the waterborne commerce in the United States. In addition to the duties prescribed by law, the Board performs such other duties as may be assigned by the Chief of Engineers. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1956, the Board performed the following assigned duties: Reviewed and submitted recom- mendations on certain Corps of Engineers policies and procedures as directed; reviewed and commented on reports of other Federal agencies pertaining to water resource development; conducted investigations and studies of the economics of ports and water- ways; provided guidance to the field offices of the Corps of Engi- neers in the field of waterways economics including distribution of 3 Waterways Economic Series publications; prepared Engineer Intelligence Reports and special planning studies on Foreign Ports; and prepared vulnerability reports on certain ports of the United States. 1843 1844 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 196 . On June 30, 1956, the Board was composed of the following Members: Major General Charles G. Holle, Deputy Chief of Engineers for Construction (Chairman); Brigadier General Paul D. Berrigan, Division Engineer, North Central Division; Briga- dier General Louis H. Foote, Division Engineer, North Pacific Division; Brigadier General Lyle B. Seeman, Division Engineer, Southwestern Division; Brigadier General Robert J. Fleming, Jr., Division Engineer, New England Division; Colonel Hubert S. Miller, Resident Member, Board of Engineers for Rivers and Har- bors; and Colonel John L. Person, Division Engineer, Ohio River Division. In addition to the foregoing, the following officers have also been detailed for various periods during the year to Membership on the Board: Brigadier General William E. Potter, Division Engi- neer, Missouri River Division; Brigadier General Henry J. Hoeffer, Division Engineer, South Atlantic Division; Colonel Francis H. Falkner, Resident Member, Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors; and Colonel Clarence Renshaw, Division Engineer, North Atlantic Division. A summary of the Congressional investigations authorized from establishment of the Board in 1902 to the close of the fiscal year 1956, authorizations completed, and the number of authorizations remaining to be reported upon is given in the following table: Number of Number of Total number Number com- Number Authority for investigations investigations completed pleted during remaining investigations ordered prior ordered during prior to year ending to be to July 1, 1955 fiscal year 1956 July 1, 1955 June 30, 1956 completed River and Harbor and flood-control acts--......... 5,001 12 4,609 29 365 Miscellaneous projects------------------- .... Congressional resolutions... 2,922 ---- 22 2----------- 91 2,172 - 70 - 2 771 Total..--------------- 7,923 95 6,781 99 1,138 1Section 105 of River and Harbor Act of 1954 not included in previous computations. . Public Laws for: (1) Hurricane study 6/15/55 (2) Laguna Mountains, California Through Tunnel 9/5/50 During the year the Board held 6 meetings from one to two days duration, held 3 public hearings, and made 1 field inspection trip pertaining to the report on the Mississippi River above St. AFall Minn. The Board considered x22 reports, acting favorab y and unfavorably on 15 reports of survey; recom- mending that 18 surveys be made and reporting unfavorably on 42 preliminary examination reports; issued 1 not convinced notice on a favorable report; returned 2 reports to the field for recon- sideration; and deferred action on 9 reports. The Board recom- mended construction on projects totaling $797,28.0,500, of which $715,667,800 was the estimated cost to the United States and $81,612,700 the cost to local interests which included work to be done by the local interests and cash contributions. Of the 15 reports acted upon unfavorably by the Board 6 reports involved work estimated to cost $662,395,900. No cost estimates were made on the balance of 9 reports as they covered investigations BOARD OF ENGINEERS FOR RIVERS AND HARBORS 1845 that were obviously unfavorable or no longer desired or necessary. In addition to its review of preliminary examinations and sur- veys, the Board submitted reports or comments on reports to the Chief of Engineers as follows: 21 Reports of other Federal agencies on water resource de- velopment; 11 Special civil works reports to the Chief of Engineers; 4 Reports on Corps of Engineers policies and procedures; 19 Engineer intelligence studies covering 19 foreign ports; 3 Reports on vulnerability of United States ports, covering 6 ports; and 98 Special planning studies on foreign ports. During the year the Foreign Ports Branch prepared numerous classified reports, including text, photographs, maps, and plans of installations as required by the Engineer Intelligence Division, Office of the Chief of Engineers. Studies prescribed by various River and Harbor Acts and by Section 8 of the Merchant Marine Act of 1920 were continued and the results published in two series of reports under the titles of- Port Series Reports Transportation Series Reports The following reports were published during the year: Port Series Reports No. 10. The Port of Baltimore No. 16. Ports on the South Atlantic Coast of the United States (Morehead City, N. C., Georgetown, S. C., Brunswick, Ga., and Fernandina, Palm Beach, Port Everglades, and Miami, Fla.) No. 14. The Port of Savannah, Georgia Transportation Series Reports No. 3. Transportation Lines on the Great Lakes System, 1956 At the close of the year the following reports were in progress: Port Series Reports No. 7. The Ports of Philadelphia, Pa., and Camden and Gloucester City, N. J. No. 27. The Port of San Diego, Calif. No. 28. The Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, Calif. Transportation Series Reports No. 4. Transportation Lines on the Mississippi River System and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, 1956 No. 5. Transportation Lines on the Atlantic, Gulf and Pacific Coasts, 1956 At the close of the year the following reports were completed and in the process of being printed: Port Series Reports No. 8. Wilmington, Del., and Ports on Delaware River below and above Philadelphia. The waterborne commerce statistics publications were released on schedule; however, budget deficiencies required a curtailment of the work and a reduction in staff of the Waterbone Commerce Statistics Branch. The area to area studies of the major com- modities moved in the inland waterways trade were discontinued, and the scheduled completion of Transportation Series Reports Nos. 4 and 5 were extended. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT, MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION The Mississippi River Commission, consisting of 3 officers of the Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, 1 from the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, and 3 members from civil life, 2 of whom are civil engineers, was created by an act of Congress ap- proved June 28, 1879. All members are appointed by the Presi- dent with the advice and consent of the Senate. During the fiscal year the commissioners were Major Gen. John R. Hardin, United States Army, president; Rear Adm. Leo O. Colbert, United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, retired; Mr. DeWitt L. Pyburn, civil engineer; Mr. Eugene F. Salisbury, civil engineer; Mr. Egbert A. Smith, until his death January 10, 1956; Major Gen. William E. Potter, United States Army; Major Gen. Charles G. Holle, United States Army, until September 12, 1955; and Colonel John L. Person, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, since September 13, 1955. An officer of the Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, designated as the president of the commission, serves as its executive officer. An officer of the Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, is assigned to serve as secretary of the commission in the office of its president. Colonel Milton P. Barschdorf served as secretary during the fiscal year. Headquarters of the commission are in the Mississippi River Commission building, Vicksburg, Miss. The Mississippi River Commission is charged, under the direc- tion of the Secretary of the Army and supervision of the Chief of Engineers, with prosecution of improvements for flood control of the Mississippi River and of its tributaries and outlets in its alluvial valley, so far as they are affected by Mississippi River backwater, between Head of Passes, La. (mile 0), and Cape Girardeau, Mo. (mile 1,016), and with prosecution of improve- ments in the interest of navigation between Cairo, Ill. (mile 964), and Baton Rouge, La. (mile 232). It also is charged with prosecu- tion of certain flood-control works on the Mississippi River and on tributaries so far as they are affected by backwater, between Cape Girardeau and Rock Island, Ill. (mile 1,446), and with prosecution of improvements on designated tributaries and outlets below Cape Girardeau for flood control, major drainage, and related water uses such as navigation and water supply for agricultural use. Authorized operations of the commission below Cape Girardeau are conducted by the New Orleans, Vicksburg, and Memphis Dis- trict Engineers, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, within the areas described below, in accordance with approved directives and pro- grams and congressional appropriations therefor. New Orleans District: Mississippi River project levees and river channel stabilization as required from Head of Passes, mile 0, to mile 320, including south bank levee of Red River to Hotwells, La.; Bonnet Carre and Morganza floodways; maintenance and im- provement of the Mississippi River navigation channel from Baton Rouge, La. (mile 232) up to mile 320; Baton Rouge harbor (Devils Swamp) ; navigation improvement of the Atchafalaya River from the Mississippi River to Morgan City; control of Old and Atchafalaya Rivers; Lake Ponchartrain protection levees, 1847 1848 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Jefferson Parish, La.; Atchafalaya Basin floodway; and flood con- trol and drainage improvements in Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries, and in Bayou des Glaises. Vicksburg District: Mississippi River project levees and river channel stabilization as required from the upper limits of the New Orleans District (mile 320) in the vicinity of Black Hawk, La., to the Coahoma-Bolivar County line, Miss., on the left bank and to the mouth of the Arkansas River, Ark., on the right bank includ- ing the Arkansas River south bank levee to the vicinity of Pine Bluff, Ark., and its north bank levee to the mouth of Plum Bayou, Ark.; maintenance and improvement of the Mississippi River navigation channel between miles 320 and 593, and the Vicksburg- Yazoo area; flood control and drainage improvements in the Red River backwater area including the leveed portion east of Black River within district limits; Jonesville, La., Boeuf and Tensas River and Bayou Macon Basins, Ark. and La., and Bayou La- fourche, La.; Yazoo River Basin, Miss., including the backwater area; Big and Little Sunflower Rivers, Deer Creek, and Steele Bayou, Miss., and the Grand Prairie Region, and Bayou Meto Basin, Ark., including provision for agricultural water supply. Memphis District: Mississippi River project levees and river channel stabilization as required, from the upper limits of the Vicksburg District's operations in the vicinity of the mouth of White River to the north bank of Little River diversion channel, Mo. (mile 1015), a few miles below Cape Girardeau, Mo., on the right bank, and to the Cache River Diversion above Cairo, Ill. (mile 999), on the left bank, including levees on the right bank of the Ohio River to above Mounds, Ill., mile 12. Operations above Cairo, Ill. are restricted to levee work. Maintenance and improvement of the Mississippi River navigation channel between miles 593 and 964 and of Memphis Harbor, Tenn.; levees in the White River backwater area up to the vicinity of Augusta, Ark.; levees and pumping plants at DeValls Bluff and Des Are, Ark.; channel improvements in Cache River Basin, Ark.; improvement works in the St. Francis River Basin, Mo. and Ark.; including backwater area, Little River diversion channel, Mo. and L'Anguille River, Ark.; Obion and Forked Deer River Basins, Tenn.; Reelfoot Lake area, Tenn, and Ky.; and Cairo-Mounds-Mound City area, Ill. Field operations of the commission above Cape Girardeau, re- stricted to levee construction under section 6 of the 1928 Flood Control Act (local interests contributing one-third of costs and furnishing rights-of-way), are conducted within the following limits by two Corps of Engineers' districts which report direct to the commission on matters within its jurisdiction: St. Louis District: (Lower Mississippi Valley Division)-Mis- sissippi River (sec. 6) levees from the upper limits of the Memphis District's operations to Clemens Station, Mo. (mile 1266), on the right bank and Hamburg Bay, Ill. (mile 1227), on the left bank including the Illinois River to mile 120, near Havana, Ill. Rock Island District: (North Central Division)-Mississippi River (sec. 6) levees from upper limits of the St. Louis District's operations to Rock Island, Ill. (mile 1448). MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1849 Louisville District: (Ohio River Division) -Ohio River (sec. 6) levees to Shawneetown, Ill. (backwater limits). Kansas City District: (Missouri River Division)--Missouri River (sec. 6) levees to St. Charles, Mo. (backwater limits). MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND ALLUVIAL VALLEY BELOW CAPE GIRARDEAU, MO. Location and description: The Mississippi River rises in Lake Itasca, Minn., and flows in a general southerly direction for 2,350 miles through the central portion of the United States to empty into the Gulf of Mexico about 115 miles below New Orleans. It is improved for barge navigation for about 1,837 miles to Minneapo- lis, Minn. The major tributaries are the Missouri, Ohio, Saint Francis, White, Arkansas, Yazoo, and Red Rivers which drain 1,245,000 square miles in all or part of 31 states between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains and parts of two Canadian provinces. Below Cape Girardeau, Mo., 53 miles above the Ohio River, the river bottom lands widen abruptly into the alluvial valley of about 35,000 square miles which was originally subject to flood overflow. For descriptive purposes this area has been subdivided: into the St. Francis, White, Tensas, Atchafalaya, and Lafourche Basins west of the river and the Yazoo and Pontchar- train Basins east of the river. A major part of the alluvial valley has been protected from floods by levees which confine flood- flows within a flood plain having an average width of about 5 miles. Observations made by the Mississippi River Commission to June 30 show approximate maximum and minimum discharges between the levees as follows: Cairo to White River, 2,000,000 and 70,000 cubic feet per second; thence to Red River, 2,150,000 and 90,000 cubic feet per second; thence to the Gulf of Mexico, 1,500,000 and 80,000 cubic feet per second in the Mississippi River and about 650,000 and 12,000 cubic feet per second in the Atchafalaya River. As the 1927 flood flow was not confined between the levees, maxi- mum discharges recorded do not include the entire flow of the 1927 flood, the maximum of record below White River. Low water stages, generally, obtain from August to December. High water and flood stages usually occur in the late winter or early spring, but great floods such as that of 1937 have occurred as early as January in the upper reaches of the lower river. Extreme ranges in stages recorded at representative gages are about 60 feet at Cairo; 53 feet at Memphis ;57 feet at Red River Landing; and 23 feet at Carrollton. The river is nontidal above the mouth of Red River, where amplitude of the tide rarely exceeds 0.1 foot during extreme low water. PREVIOUS PROJECTS The project outlined in a report by the commission dated Febru- ary 17, 1880, contemplated improvement of the channel to secure a least depth of 10 feet at extreme low water by contraction of the low water channel, protection of banks against caving, and con- trol of floodwater by levees. For further details, see page 1944. Annual Report for 1932, and page 1682, Annual Report for 1937. Flood-control-general projects previously authorized, which have been incorporated as features of the project, are listed below, 1850 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 For last full report, see Act of Authorizing Description Annual Report of the incorporation act Chief of Engineers July 24, 1946_.._ June 22, 1936 - Tiptonville-Obion levee and drainage im- P. 943, fiscal year 1941. provements, Tenn. July 24, 1946..._ June 22, 1936__ Bayou des Glaises diversion ditch, La_ _ __ P. 1029, fiscal year 1946. July 24, 1946..- - June 22, 1936__ From North Little Rock, Ark. to Gillett, P. 1053, fiscal year 1946. Ark. on the north bank of Arkansas River (portion below Plum Bayou). July 24, 1946.._. Aug. 18, 1941.. White River levees Augusta to Clarendon P. 1083, fiscal year 1946. and DeValls Bluff, Ark. July 24, 1946_. Dec. 22, 1944 _ Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and Bayou Macon, P. 982, fiscal year 1945. La. July 24, 1946._. Dec. 22, 1944.- Big Sunflower River, Etc.---------------P. 1061, fiscal year 1946. May 17, 1950_.. June 22, 1936__ Jonesville, La-----.-----.....----..--------------- P. 1007, fiscal year 1949. May 17, 1950-__ July 24, 1946... Lake Pontchartrain-Jefferson Parish, La.... P. 737, fiscal year 1953. EXISTING PROJECT The existing project for the Mississippi River and tributaries in the alluvial valley between the Head of Passes, La. and Cape Girardeau, Mo. provides for the protection thereof from floods by means of levees, floodwalls, floodways, reservoirs (in the Yazoo and St. Francis Basins), bank stabilization, and channel improve- ments in and along the river and its tributaries and outlets insofar as affected by backwater of the Mississippi River, including levee work on the main stem between Cape Girardeau and Rock Island. The project also provides for channel realinement and improve- ment including bank stabilization and dikes to reduce flood heights; control the natural tendency of the river to lengthen by meandering; protect the levees from being destroyed by caving banks; and provide a 12- x 300-foot navigation channel between Baton Rouge, La. and Cairo, Ill. The locations of major Mis- sissippi River project improvements for flood control and naviga- tion, including mainstem levees and appurtenant drainage struc- tures and spillways, channel realinement and dredging, bank revetment, and dikes are listed in table A. The locations of levee work accomplished under the provisions of section 6 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, are shown on table E-4. The project provides for harbor improvements on the mainstem at Baton Rouge (Devils Swamp), La., Vicksburg, Miss., and Memphis, Tenn. The location of these improvements are shown on table A. The locations of project improvements on tributaries and outlets in designated basins in the alluvial valley below Cape Girardeau are listed in table B. Table C contains data pertinent to dams and reservoirs. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1851 TABLE A. Mississippi River improvements Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Head Locality of Passes 230-966 Baton Rouge-Cairo._......_. Dredging where required....... 10-966 Venice, La.-Cairo_..... .. Revetment, contraction work _- 11-25 Baptist Collette Bayou-Ostrica, Main line levee setback, left La. bank. 44-91 Bohemia, La.-New Orleans_...- Main line levee and floodwall, left bank. 91-104 New Orleans...._ ___.__.. .... ..... --. - do .-.......... . -....- .- Authorized by PL 516, 81st Cong. 104-230New Orleans-Baton Rouge-...... ..... do..----.-------------- 234 Baton Rouge Harbor............ Devils Swamp barge channel___. Authorized by PL 858, 80th Cong. 432 Vicksburg Harbor............... Industrial fill and harbor exten- Authorized by PL 391, sion. 70th Cong., as modi- fied by PLs 526, 79th Cong., and 780, 83d Cong. 432-718Vicksburg-Lake View, Miss..... Main line levee, left bank....... 718-731Memphis Harbor............... Closure, Tennessee Chute; Authorized by PL 526, levee; harbor channels, etc. 79th Cong. 807-878 Tiptonville-Obion River-........ Main line levee, left bank, levee Do. extension and diversion of Obion River. 906-931Slough Bend-Hickman, Ky...... Main line levee, left bank_...... 10-81 The Jump-New Orleans.......-- Main levee, right bank......... 81-96 New Orleans-----.................... ..... do........................--- Authorized by PL 516, 81st Cong. 96-277 New O rlean s-M orga nza ........ do..------------------- ---- 285-301Morganza-Old River .....---.. -- ------ -do._.---------- Extends up South ---- bank of Old River to Barbre Landing. 301-304 I Old River closure-----..........------ Levee closure, low and high Authorized by PL 780, level spillway structures, 83d Cong. navigation lock and approach channels. 304-564 Old River-Cypress Creek, Ark__ Main line levee, right bank .... Joins Arkansas River South bank levee. 600-660 Henrico-Helena, Ark....------- .... do- --.....---------------- 671-1, 001 St. Francis River-Commerce, -.... do.....--------------------- Mo. 1,008-1,446 Thebes, Ill.-Rock Island-....... Levees, both banks ....----.....----- Intermittent. 127-129 Bonnet Carre, La., floodway.... Regulating spillway, left bank - 277-285 Morganza, La., floodway........ Regulating spillway, right bank_ 312 Old River, La., control-.......... Diversion control structures and Authorized by PL 780, navigation lock. 83d Cong. 895 St. Johns Bayou, Mo .......... Drainage floodgate.....-----........----- 895 New Madrid floodway, Mo-..... ..... do_.......------------------- Do. 932 Hickman, Ky--. .-.... Floodwall, left bank......._..... 895-964 New Madrid-Birds Point, Mo__ Floodway, right bank........... 966 Cairo, Cairo drainage district -- Floodwalls and levees........... 966, Cairo, Cairo drainage district, Floodwalls, levees, and pump- Mounds, Mound City and ing plant. vicinity. Cape Girardeau to Rock Island.. Levees.------------------ Intermittent (sec. 6). 1852 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Locality mouth ATCHAFALAYA BASIN, LA. Atchafalaya Basin, Morganza, and West Atchafalaya floodways 18-81 Atchafalaya Basin floodway Floodway.--- between Morgan City and Alabama Bayou. 81-115 Morganza floodway between Floodway.............. Alabama Bayou and Missis- sippi River. 81-138 West Atchafalaya floodway be- Floodway ...... tween Alabama Bayou and Red River. East protection levee (Morganza and Atchafalaya floodways) 6 Below Morgan City---------............. Channel relocation............. Bypass route for Intra- coastal Waterway traffic. 6-1.8 -..... do._ _....................... Levees, floodwall ....... _..._._. East of lower river. 18 Morgan City ..... ....... __.... Lock in Bayou Boeuf 1_..___... Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. 18-115 Morgan City-Morganza.-....... Levee and Morgan City flood- Including lower Mor- wall. ganza floodway guide levee. 18-54 Morgan City- Bayou Sorrel Alternate navigation channel Gulf Intracoastal Lock. Gulf Intracoastal Waterway Waterway utilities to Plaquemine and Port levee west side bor- Allen. row pit channel. Al- ternate route on east side of levee. 54 1 Bayou Sorrel 1-----___-_- __-I Lock_...__... Alternate route Gulf Intracoastal Water- way Morgan City to Plaquemine and ex- tension to Port Allen. 84-106 Ramah-Bayou Fordoche........ Drainage channel__............. Levee landside borrow pit. 108-116 Lacour-Red Cross............... Levee, upper Morganza guide... 109 Bayou Latenache-...........--- Drainage structure, Pointe Through upper Mor- Coupee. ganza guide levee. Atchafalaya Basin floodway lower protection levee 6-18 Below Morgan City............. Levees, floodwall, drainage Inclosed area between structures and pumping Berwick and- Wax plants. Lake Outlet. 20 Berwick i _ _-_ -- ---- _ -. Lock............................- Lower Atchafalaya River. 26 Patterson -__............._ Water system_.............._... Adjustment to provide fresh water. 32 Calumet__---..-..--..........-- Floodgate, east................ Bayou Teche - Wax Lake Outlet. West protection levee (Atcha- falaya Basin and West Atchafalaya floodways) Wax Lake Outlet to Mansura... Protection levee-.......-....... Coulee des Grues........._...... Levee enlargement and flood- gate extension. 133 Simmesport-Hamburg .......... Levee fuse plug. West Atchafalaya floodway. 32 Calumet_. Floodgate, west................. Bayou Teche and Wax Lake Outlet. 1.General data concerning the Bayou Boeuf, Bayou Sorrel, and Berwick locks where the Atchafalaya Basin protection levees cross the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, the alternate route to Plaquemine, La., and the lower Atchafalaya River (extension of Bayou Teche Waterway) respectively, are given in the report on improvement of Rivers and Harbors in the New Orleans district. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1853 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Locality mouth ATCHAFALAYA BASIN, LA.- Continued 50 Charenton_ F------------------ Floodgate and approach chan- Borrow pit channel to nels. Grand Lake through West Atchafalaya protection levee. 96 Bayou Courtableau-............ Drainage control structures..... 97 Bayou Darbonne-..........-.... Drainage structures-............. Through West Atcha- falaya protection levee. 50 1 Jaws-Lake Fausse Pointe .... Outlet, Charenton drainage Restoration of drain- canal protection levee. age west of West Atchafalaya Basin protection levee. 32 Wax Lake Outlet_........__ .. Bridges, railway, and highway.. 95 West Atchafalaya floodway ..... ...---- do----------......................... 95 Morganza floodway____ Bridges, railway, and highway- 107 Morganza floodway_..._......__ do.....------------------- ...---- 115 -..... do................-.......--- -.....do-.....------------------ Atchafalaya River 18-133 Morgan City-Mississippi River.. 12-foot by 125-foot navigation Through Grand and channel. Six Mile Lakes. 32 Atchafalaya Bay-Six Mile Lake__ Outlet, Wax Lake...--.-------- 81-138 Alabama Bayout-Barbre Land- Levee, east bank.. --...........- ing. 61-133 Bayou Garotier-Simmesport.... West bank levee------------..-- 96 Krotz Springs................_ Levee, ring....------------- 107-108Melville-....................... Levee, ring.,............----- 133 Simmesport..................... Levee, ring and drainage struc- ture. COURTABLEAU BASIN AND OUTLETS 0-8 Charenton Canal................ Drainage channel..-------------Outlet to Gulf. 50-133 West Atchafalaya protection ..... do.....--------------------- Intercepting drainage levee borrow pit channel. channel. 96 Bayou Courtableau spillway-.... Drainage control structure------...... Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries 0-17 Bayou Cocodrie................. Enlargement and realinement... 17-40 Bayou Cocodrie-Boeuf diver- New channel--------..------- sion. 40-51 Bayou Boeuft. ................ ....----- do-....------------------ 51-60 Bayous Boeuf-Rapides diver- ..... do.---....---- .----.------ sion. 17-42 Upper Cocodrie................. Enlargement, clearing, and snagging. Bayou Boeuf 87-107 Bayou Lamourie to Kincaid.... Enlargement, realinement, clearing, and snagging. 40 Lecompte control structure - -- Fixed elevation weir_ 60 Bayou Rapides control struc- Gated structure-----...............------- ture. 87 Bayou Lamourie control struc- Gated structure.-----... ------- ture. Various_..--..-----.----------- Railway, highway, and local road bridges and pipeline crossing. LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN, LA. Lake Pontchartrain, Jefferson Flood protection- .----------- Authorized by PL 516, Parish, La. Q ss'..uag bILst uon.g. AMITE RIVER, LA. Amite River, La................ Bank protection..--............-- Do. 1854 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Mileage Improvement * Remarks above Head Locality of Passes LOWER RED RIVER, LA. 82-145 Moncla-Hotwells-__-.....-.-- Levee, south bank ............. TENSAS BASIN Red River backwater area Tensas-Cocodrie area--.......-....- Levees, drainage channels, and structures. 56 Jonesville, La-.......-------- Levees, floodwall, pumping Portion of levee built plant, and interior drainage. under sec. 6. Red River-Moncla to Lake Levees..... --...............-- Intermittent (sec. 6). Long. Ouachita River_----.------- Levees------ .-------------Monroe to Sandy Bayou and Baw- comville (sec. 6). Now incorporated in Ouachita River and tributariesproject for flood control. Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and tributaries,La. and Ark. 0-32 Boeuf River, La. and Ark. ... Clearing.................------- PL 516, 81st Cong., modifies require- ments of local co- operation. 151-233 Above Bayou Lafourche .....-- Enlargement and realinement... Canals 19, 43, and 81 and Big Channel improvement.....----- Bayou. Bayou Lafourche, La. 0-63 Boeuf River (mile 32) to and Channel improvement and re- PL 516, 81st Cong., through Bayou Lafourche to alinement. modifies require- Boeuf River (mile 151). ments of local co- operation. Big and Colewa Creek8 0-26 Big and Colewa Creeks-......... Clearing, snagging, and realine- ment. 26-89 -..... Enlargement and realinement... do....---................. Tensas River 61-100 Tensas River .................... Channel improvement .......... Do. Bayou Macon 0-170 To mouth of Ditch Bayou-...... Clearing and snagging.......... 123 Upper end Sandy Lake-.------- Levee........................... 120 Small outlet, right bank ........ Closure_- ----------- ..... 127 ..... do-.......................... ------ do----------- ----- Structures Various_ -_..................... Railway and highway bridges and pipeline crossings. Grant's Can l, La. 0-0.2 Grant's Canal at Lake Provi- Filling canal__............... Authorized by PL 516, dence. 81st Cong. LOWER ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. 23-98 Yancopin-Pine Bluff............ Levee, south bank--_---....-... 35-98 Fletcher Bend, Ark. to Pine Revetment----------------...................... Bluff. 48-102 North Little Rock to Gillett Levee, north bank._............ ('elow Plum Bayou). Grand Prairie Region and Water supply and drainage im- Do. Bayou Meto Basin, Ark. provements. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1855 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Locality mouth YAZOO BASIN 0-75 Yazoo backwater area __..------ Levees and pumping plants.... Yazoo Basin headwater 0-381 Yazoo River below Arkabutla Channel improvement _____.... Including Tallahatchie Dam. and Coldwater Rivers. 75-366 Yazoo River between Yazoo Levees, right bank- .......... Intermittent. City and Pritchard. 75-345 Yazoo River between Yazoo Levees, left bank .............. Do. City and Askew. 45-109 Lower auxiliary channel......., New floodway channel.......... 75 Yazoo City protection- ... _. Levee, drainage structure and pumping plant. 127 Belzoni protection ....... __ ... Levee and floodwall_........... 185 Greenwood protection ......... Levees, channel improvement, drainage structures and pump- ing plants. 381 Arkabutla Reservoir .......... _ Flood detention and conserva- See table C. tion. 0-64 Yalobusha River below Grenada Channel improvement ......... Reservoir. 64 Grenada Reservoir.............. Flood detention and conserva- tion. 0-24 Tallahatchie River-Little Talla- Levees, Panola-Quitman flood- hatchie River. way. 0-26 Little Tallahatchie River below Channel improvement.......... Sardis Reservoir. 26 Sardis Reservoir_ ..... -....... Flood detention and conserva- See table C. tion. 0-13 Yocona River below Enid Channel improvement .......... Reservoir. 13 Enid Reservoir ___.___.... Flood detention and conserva- See table C. tion. 0-88 Cassidy Bayou, below Old Channel improvement ....--... Including Moores Coldwater River. Bayou, Cutoff Bayou, Whiting Lake and outlet. 75-381 Area between main stem and Levees and channel improve- Authorized by PL 526, the hills including Bobo ment. 79th Cong. Bayou. McKinney Bayou____ _......___ Channel improvement or en- Do. largement of pumping plant. BIG SUNFLOWER RIVER, ETC. 0-212 Big Sunflower River___ _ ._ Channel improvement ........ . Authorized by PL 526, 0-11 Hull Brake-Mill Creek Canal __ ..... do----------_------_-----do 79th Cong.; PL 516, 14-27 Hushpuckena River- .......... -...do-__-...-.-......-....-... 81st Cong., modifies 0-66 Quiver River ._...__ ..... --- _do--------------------d req'lirements of local 6-20 Bogue Phalia___. .... ....... _ ..... do ...---..................... cooperation. 30-46 0-4 Ditchlow Bayou ............... .....-- do. . ---................... 0-27 Little Sunflower River ......... -------------------------- -------- 154-160 Deer Creek____________ ----- do ------------------------- 0-70 Steele Bayou__................. do ..................... ....-- LOWER WHITE RIVER AND BASIN, ARK. 18-50 Laconia Circle-Old Town Lake_. Levee, backwater including out- Mile 600-740 Missis- let structures. sippi River. 100-220 Augusta to Clarendon ........ Levees, outlet structures-....--- 125 DeValls Bluff .................. Levee, outlet structure and pumping station. 147 Des Arc, Ark_..-.---........... do----.........---.--------- .---- Authorized by PL 516. 81st Cong. 0-196 Cache River, Ark............... Channel improvement and Do. structures. 0-90 Bayou DeView, Ark............ .....do..........-------......---------- Do. 1856 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Locality mouth ST. FRANCIS RIVER AND BASIN, ARK. AND MO. 0-305 Mouth of St. Francis River- Floodway, levees, drainage Wappapello Dam. channels and structures. 305 Wappapello Reservoir _....... Flood detention and conserva- See table C. tion. 0-105 Little River Basin- ............ Floodway, levees, drainage channels, and structures. 15-36 Tyronza River.r Channel improvement .......... 165 Marked Tree, Ark_,----- Marked Tree Siphon------------ 0-29 Big Slough Ditch__------ Channel improvement__--- 0-17 Mayo Ditch-....... ----- .--.do---......... --------------- 0-12 Cross Country Ditch............ L'Anguille River, Ark. 0-60 --- ............-..--.--........ .. - . -- .. ..-- Authorized by PL 858, 80th Cong. WEST TENNESSEE TRIBUTARIES 0-81 Obion River and tributary Do. North, South, Middle, and Rutherford Forks. 0-75 Forked Deer River and tribu- Do. tary North, Middle, and South Forks. REELFOOT LAKE AREA, KY. AND TENN. 0-20 Running Reelfoot Bayou, Tenn. ..... do............. Authorized by PL 780, 83d Cong. 0-16 Bayou du Chien, Ky. and Tenn_ ..... do.................. Do. ST. JOHNS BAYOU, MO. 0-11 New Madrid-Sikeston Ridge.... Levee and floodgate............. Mile 895, Mississippi River. LITTLE RIVER DIVERSION CHANNEL Delta to Ancell, Mo............. Levees_ -.-.-......-.-.-.----- Mile 50 above Cairo. MISSOURI RIVER, MO. 0-28 Mouth to St. Charles, Mo-...... Levees---........-....-.--- - Authority-(sec. 6). ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. 0-120 Mouth to Havana, Ill........... . ..... do---..........-----------. Intermittent-(sec. 6). OHIO RIVER, ILL. AND KY. 0-12 Cairo to Mound City and Floodwall, levee, revetment, Mounds, Ill. and pumping plant. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1857 TABLE C. Mississippi River tributary dams and reservoirs 1- - -- - - - -- - -- - -- - -- - Sardis Name ... . River-..................-.-.-..-. Grenada Yalobusha Enid Yocona Little Tal- lahatchie 2 Arkabutla Coldwater 2 Wappapello St. Francis 2 Nearest town to dam site------------........... Grenada Enid Sardis Arkabutla Wappapello Drainage area----.........square miles.._ 1,320 560 1,545 1,000 1,310 Conservation pool: Area--.........-- ...---- thousand arces.. 10 6 10 5 5 Volume-....thousand acre-feet .... 86 58 92 31 39 Elevation .feet, mean sea level.. 193 230 235 210 355 Flood control pool: Area.........-----...thousand acres-. 65 28 58 33 23 Volume......thousand acre-feet.. 1,252 602 1,478 494 586 Runoff-------------.................. inches.. 17.8 20.2 18.0 9.3 8.4 Outlet gates: Number-------,------------- --- 3 2 4 3 3 Size ------------------feet- . 7.5 x 14 8 x 16 6 x 12 8.5 x 19 10 x 20 Capacity, thousand cubic feet per second.. 10.0 9.4 10.0 10.0 18.0 Spillway: Type, uncontrolled---------- Chute Chute Chute Chute Gravity Length..........---- feet.. ..--..-------....... 200 200 400 300 740 Elevation, crest, ----------- feet, mean sea level............ 231 268 282 239 395 Discharge capacity, thousand cubic feet persecond.. 52 50 132 89 156 Surcharge pool: Area---------..........thousand acres.. 106 41 90 63 32 Volume......thousand acre-feet_. 1,385 554 1,447 858 521 Runoff--.............-----------....inches.. 19.7 18.5 17.6 16.1 7.5 Elevation. .feet, mean sea level-. 247.5 284.0 301.6 257.0 414.0 Dam: Type, earthfill-..--------- ------ Rolled Rolled Hydraulic Rolled Rolled 2.7 Length...........thousand feet.. 13.9 8.4 15.3 10.0 Elevation, crest, feet, mean sea level.. 256.0 293.0 312.0 265.0 420.0 1 Grenada, Enid, Sardis, and Arkabutla Reservoirs are in Yazoo River Basin, Miss.; Wappapello Reser- voir is in St. Francis River Basin, Mo. 2 Subtract 0.6 from elevations for Sardis, 0.3 for Wappapello, and 0.7 for Arkabutla to correct for 1941 and 1944 adjustments. Project cost. The total authorized cost, including the modifica- tions authorized by the act of September 3, 1954, is $1,327,679,600, including maintenance charges through August 18, 1941. A summary of the presently estimated first cost of the authorized improvements follows: Project title Estimated cost i Completed features 1-------------, ----------------------------- $131,197,200 Mississippi River levees ---------------------------------------------- 220,500,000 Section 6 levees, Flood Control Act 1928-.................. _.............-- 3,782,000 Channel Improvement_-------- ------------ -------------------------- 462,000,000 Baton Rouge Harbor, La....----------------------------- 3,100,000 Vicksburg Harbor, Miss...........- ....---.. ...- ..------. .. .. . 3,700,000 Memphis Harbor, Tenn........................------------ ---------------- 18,000,000 Lake Pontchartrain, La--.---- .-------------------------------------- 4,780,000 Amite River, La...------.-- ------------------------------------ 70,000 Atchafalaya Basin, La. ............................................... 105,700,000 Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries, La..........--------------------- ---------------- 4,290,000 Old River, La-.....------......----.... -- ----------------------------------------- 73,600,000 Lower Red River, La_...-....... ,--. ........-- ..-------- 8,870,000 Tensas Basin, La. and Ark..... ........................................ 28,600,000 Lower Arkansas River, Ark............................................. 25,760,000 Grand Prairie-Bayou Meto, Ark. ----------------.--------------------- 31,100,000 Yazoo Basin, Miss ------------ ------------------------------------ 183,300,000 Lower White River, Ark .............................................. 10,300,000 Cache Basin, Ark ---................................................... 23,500,000 St. Francis Basin, Ark. and Mo---.. ---------------------.... . 80,500.000 L'Anguille Basin. Ark---...................................... 5,100,000 WestTennessee tributaries, Tenn L----------------- --- -- ----- ---- - - ---- 7,700,000 Reelfoot Lake, Tenn. and Ky.--- ------------------------------------------------------ 748,000 Tn e 1,436,197,200 The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $16,000,000. 1 Includes Bonnet Carre, Morganza and New Madrid floodways, roads on main stem levees, channel construction works, Atchafalaya River levees and navigation Wax Lake Outlet and Charenton Canal, Bayou des Glaises diversion channel, Jonesville protection, Boeuf Basin levees, DeValls Bluff and Des Arc. protection 1858 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Congressional Acts of authorization. The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents May 15, 1928 Flood protection in the alluvial valley of the Missis- H. Doc. 90, 70th Cong., 1st sess. June 19, 1930 sippi River; revetment and contraction works and Feb. 15, 1933 dredging to provide least channel depth of 9 feet Apr. 23, 1934 and width of 300 feet below Cairo. June 15, 1936 White River backwater_....._ Unpublished report April 12, 1925. June 15, 1936 Morganza floodway, outlet west of Berwick, Atcha- House Committee on Flood Con Aug. 28, 1937 falaya Basin; control of headwater floods, St. trol Doe. 1, 74th Cong., 1st sess.; June 28, 1938 Francis and Yazoo Basins; Mounds to Mound House Committee on Flood Con City levee; flood-control works along Cache River, trol Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Ill., roads on levees and drainage adjustments incident to floodway levees. Aug. 18, 1941 Enlargement of main line levees to offset abandon- H. Doc. 359, 77th Cong., 1st sess. ment of floodways between Arkansas and Red Rivers, flood-control works in backwater areas of Yazoo and Red Rivers, and in Bayous Rapides, Boeuf and Cocodrie, La. Dec. 22, 1944 Navigation channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide H. Doc. 509, 78th Cong., 2d sess. between Baton Rouge and Cairo; execution of channel improvement and stabilization program; flood-control improvement of Yazoo River (lower tributaries), and protection of Yazoo River back- water area in vicinity of Satartia. July 24, 1946 Improvement of Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and Bayou S. Doe. 151, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Macon. Improvement of Bayou Lafourche.. ._ .. S. Doc. 191, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Improvement of Yazoo River tributaries and exten- H. Doc. 516, 78th Cong., 2d sess. sion of Yazoo headwater project. North bank Arkansas River levees (below Plum H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Bayou). Levees on White River (Augusta to Clarendon)..... H. Doe. 98, 76th Cong;, 1st sess. Bayou des Glaises diversion channel_...... . H. Doe. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Tiptonville-Obion levee and drainage improvements__ H. Doc. 757, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Improvement of St. John's Bayou, Mo-....--------- H. Doc. 138, 80th Cong., 1st sess. Tennessee Chute (Memphis Harbor) ............... S. Doc. 51, 80th Cong., 1st sess. June 30, 1948 Improvement of the Mississippi River below Cape H. Doc. 627, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Girardeau, Mo., with respect to west Tennessee tributaries. Improvement of L'Anguille River, Ark .............. H. Doe. 651, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Barge 'channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide, from H. Doc. 321, 80th Cong., 1st sess. Mississippi River mile 234.5 through Devils Swamp, La. May 17, 1950 Flood protection at Des Are, Ark...., .......... __ H. Doc. 485, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Improvement of St. Francis River and Basin, Ark. H. Doc. 132, 81st Cong., 1st sess. and Mo. Improvement of Cache River and Bayou DeView, S. Doe. 88, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Ark. and Mo. Improvement of Grand Prairie region and Bayou H. Doc. 255, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Meto Basin, Ark. Flood protection, Lake Pontchartrain, Jefferson S. Doe. 139, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Parish, La. Filling Grant's Canal, Lake Providence, La.; addi- tional protection to Red River backwater area; extending Federal jurisdiction to cover levees in Orleans Parish, La.; and bank protection, Amite, La. Jonesville, La. levee, retaining wall, and drainage S. Doc. 117, 81 st Cong., 1st sess. structure. Oct. 30, 1951 Modification of requirements for local cooperation in PL 237, 82d Cong., 1st sess. the White River backwater area, Arkansas. Sept. 3, 1954 Navigation improvement of the Atchafalaya from S. Doec. 53, 82d Cong., 1 st sess. the Mississippi River to Morgan City. Modification of project for Vicksburg-Yazoo area, H. Doe. 85, 83d Cong., 1st sess. Mississippi. Improvement in New Madrid floodway, Missouri_ Control of Old and Atchafalaya Rivers and a lock for H. Doe. 183, 83d Cong., 1st Pess. H. Doc. 478, 83d Cong., 2d sess. navigation. Improvement in Reelfoot Lake area, Kentucky and S. Doc. 160, 83d Cong., 2d sess. Tennessee. Recommendation concerningthe project. The Mississippi River Commission submitted to the Chief of Engineers the following reports: a. Report, dated October 6, 1955, subject "Review of Reports on the Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and Bayou Macon, Arkansas and MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1859 Louisiana", which recommended authorization for the construction of additional tributary channel improvements in the Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and Bayou Macon Basin in Arkansas at an addi- tional cost to the United States of $1,212,000 subject to the condi- tions that local interests agree to operate and maintain the federally constructed channels and to accomplish associated local drainage improvements at their own expense. The report further recom- mended that no modification of the existing project be made at this time to provide either for the diversion of flood inflow from Lake Chicot, Ark., or for the construction of a control structure on Ditch Bayou. b. Report, dated April 5, 1956, subject "Interim Review Report on Channel Improvement, Mississippi River and Tributaries", which recommended the authorization of work included in a gen- eral plan for channel improvement and stabilization of the Mis- sissippi River between Cairo, Ill. and Baton Rouge, La. at an esti- mated cost, over that now authorized, of $219,000,000 for con- struction and $4,800,000 annually for maintenance, c. Report, dated April 16, 1956, subject "Lower Mississippi River--Area Inclosed by White River Backwater Levee System,; Arkansas", which recommended authorization for the construc- tion of a pumping plant for flood control and drainage improve- ment and the modification of existing floodgates to provide for the impoundment of water for the benefit of fish and wildlife, at an estimated additional cost to the United States of $2,380,000 for construction and $57,000 annually for opdration and maintenance of the pumping plant, subject to specified local cooperation by local interests. The President of the Mississippi River Commission also submit- ted the following letter reports to the Chief of Engineers recom- mending that Congress be requested to provide authorization for the appropriation of additional funds for existing authorized.: improvements. a. Report, dated March 27, 1956, subject "Increased Authoriza- tion for St. Francis River and Tributaries, Missouri and Arkan- sas", recommended authorization for the appropriation of $55,e 674,000 for construction in lieu of the present authorization of $20,000,000 and $560,000 annually for operation and maintenance of the plan of improvement for the St. Francis Basin, Mo. and Ark., authorized in the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. b. Report, dated March 30, 1956, subject "Letter Report Esta- lishing the Type and Dimensions of Navigation Lock at Old River, Louisiana", recommending the authorization of an additional appropriation of $28,200,000 for construction of the authorized navigation lock in the project for control of Old River authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1954. . References to published articles not previously reported. a. Paper 906, entitled "Old River Diversion Control The Gen- eral Problem", by Major General John R. Hardin, President, Mis- sissippi River Commission, printed in:March 1956 Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Egineer, 1860 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 b. Paper 909, entitled "Old River Diversion Control: Struc- tures Required", by Norman R. Moore, Chief Engineering Divi- sion, Mississippi River Commission, printed in March 1956 Pro- ceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers. c. Paper 907, entitled "Old River Diversion Control: Hydraulic Requirements", by E. A. Graves, Chief, Special Studies Section, Mississippi River Commission, printed in March 1956 Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers. d. Paper 908, entitled "Old River Diversion Control: Founda- tion Design", by W. J. Turnbull, Chief, Soils Division, and W. G. Shockley, Chief, Embankment and Foundation Branch, Water- ways Experiment Station, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, printed in March 1956 Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers. e. Article entitled "Cast Concrete Slabs Twice as Fast with Half the Labor", by C. A. McVean, Concrete Supervisory Engineer, Memphis District, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, printed in "Construction Equipment", June 1956. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, stated that, in view of the great expenditure, esti- mated at approximately $292,000,000, heretofore made by the local interests in the alluvial valley of the Mississippi for protection against the floods of that river; in view of the extent of National concern in the control of these floods in the interest of National prosperity, the flow of interstate commerce, and the movement of the United States mails and in view of the gigantic scale of the project involving flood waters of a volume and flowing from a drainage area largely outside the States most affected and far ex- ceeding those of any other river in the United States, no local con- tribution to the project is required. Requirements of local co- operation however are stipulated in section 3 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended. Such requirements have in general been complied with by local interests as construction of the project has advanced. Terminal facilities. See volume 1 of the 4-volume report of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, entitled "Survey of Terminals and Landings on the Inland Waterways of the United States" and Port Series for New Orleans, La., No. 20, 1947, and Lake Charles, La., No. 21, 1947, also folio of Flood Control and Navigation Maps of the Mississippi River, Cairo, Ill., to the Gulf of Mexico (23d edition), 1955. OPERATIONS AND RESULTS DURING FISCAL YEAR Commission activities. The 246th session of the Commission was held on board the U. S. steamer Mississippi enroute on Mis- sissippi River from Cape Girardeau, Mo. to Baton Rouge, La., September 30-October 8, 1955. The 247th session was held in the office of the president of the Commission at Vicksburg, Miss. on April 5, 1956; this session was held for the purpose of considering reports to be transmitted to Congress (through channels) for possible inclusion in an omnibus flood-control authorization bill MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1861 for 1956; the pending review report on the overall project was dis- cussed during this session. The 248th session was held on board the U. S. steamer Mississippi enroute on the Mississippi River from Cairo, Ill. to mouth of Old River and the Atchafalaya River to Morgan City, La., April 30-May 5, 1956. On the river trips, major features of the project were inspected and public hearings were held, at which representatives of local governmental agencies, navigation, levee, commercial, and other interests presented prob- lems pertaining to flood control and navigation. The following inspection trips by automobile were made during the 246th ses- sion: on October 1, the Birds Point-New Madrid floodway; on October 7, levees in Atchafalaya Basin. At the completion of the Atchafalaya River trip to Morgan City at the 248th session, the members of the Commission traveled by automobile to New Orleans where a public hearing was held on May 5, in the audi- torium of International House. In addition to these inspection trips, members of the Com- mission inspected major flood control and navigation improve- ments under the jurisdiction of the Commission and reviewed and acted on the following reports: a. "Review of Reports on the Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and Bayou Macon, Arkansas and Louisiana," dated October 6, 1955. b. "Interim Review Report on Channel Improvement, Mis- sissippi River and Tributaries," dated April 5, 1956. c. "Lower Mississippi River-Area Inclosed by White River Backwater Levee System, Arkansas," dated April 16, 1956. Comprehensive review of project. Work has continued on the project review in response to a resolution by the Committee on Public Works of the United States Senate, adopted June 12, 1954, which authorized a review of the project for flood control of the Mississippi River in its alluvial valley and for its improvement from the Head of Passes to Cape Girardeau, Mo. as one compre- hensive whole and in its entirety, and submission of recommenda- tions for any modifications that are advisable with respect to the project or any feature of the project. This review will cover the need for navigation improvements on the main stem, the adequacy and cost of flood-control features of the project and the coordina- tion of these features with the plans of other Federal and State agencies for the development and conservation of water resources and uses in the Mississippi alluvial valley. In accordance with directions from the Chief of Engineers, a study to determine the benefits of upstream reservoirs on lands along the lower Mis- sissippi River below the Missouri River is being incorporated in this review. In addition to the two interim reports on channel improvement between Baton Rouge and Cairo, and the White River backwater area, already submitted to the Chief of Engineers, it is planned to submit an interim report on the Mississippi River main levees and channel improvement between Cape Girardeau and the Head of Passes by June 1957 and a final report covering the lower Mississippi River and its tributaries in the alluvial valley, including upstream reservoir benefits, by June 1958. 1862 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Subsequent to the holding of twelve public hearings in the States of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Ten- nessee to ascertain the desires of local interests in these states and of those in western Kentucky and southern Illinois, the Memphis, Vicksburg, and New Orleans district engineers have initiated field investigations and office studies in the review of the authorized features of the existing project. In response to the request of the president, Mississippi River Commission, the interested State Soil Conservationists of the United States Soil Conservation Service, with the assistance of the Forest Service and the Agricultural Re- search Service of the United States Department of Agriculture, are cooperatively making field investigations and office studies to furnish information and economic data on agricultural and timber development in the alluvial valley for use in the estimation of costs and benefits of proposed flood control and drainage improvements. The Fish and Wildlife Service of the United States Department of the Interior is also making investigations and studies with the assistance of interested State Game and Fish Commissions to determine desirable plans for the coordination of proposed flood control and drainage improvements with the conservation of fish and wildlife habitat. During the current fiscal year the New Orleans District has ini- tiated studies of the Mississippi River channel stabilization, levees, and shore-erosion-protection measures in the reach of river below Baton Rouge in which deep-draft Gulf of Mexico vessel traffic is frequent. Flood control and drainage investigations in the Eastern Rapides and South Central Avoyelles Parishes portion of the alluvial valley were also initiated. The icksburg District has initiated surveys and office studies of (1) levees: and channel bank revetment on the Mississippi and Arkansas Rivers, and (2) flood control and drainage improve- ments in the Yazoo, Tensas, and lower Arkansas Basins. Public hearings were held at Vicksburg, April 10, 1956, and Natchez May 13, 1956, on the closure of Steele Bayou and Big Sunflower River by the authorized Yazoo backwater area levee and the proposed Natchez Harbor improvement, respectively. The Memphis District likewise initiated studies on the Mis- sissippi River and the Birds Point-New Madrid floodway as well as flood control and drainage investigations in the Lower White, St. Francis, West Tennessee Tributaries and West Kentucky Tribu- taries Basins. The president, Mississippi River Commission, and his engineer- ing assistants made periodic inspections of flood control, naviga- tion, and related works under the existing project along the Mississippi River and tributaries in the alluvial valley from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to the Gulf of Mexico. No major floods occurred during the fiscal year but through the combined efforts of local authorities and Federal personnel, close contact with minor and local flood situations was maintained and operations were car- ried out efficiently. Surveys, gages, and observations. Routine hydrographic sur- veys of the river between Head of Passes and Cairo, construction MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1863 and special surveys and inspections were made as required., Gages were maintained and discharge observations made. Results thereof are presented in detail in annual pamphlets issued by the Mississippi River Commission. Alluvial valley mapping. Preparation and publication of con- toured maps of the alluvial valley and quadrangle maps (scale 1: 62,500) were continued. On the new 16-sheet map of the alluvial valley of the lower Mississippi River, scale 1: 250,000, the comn. pilation has been completed on 7 sheets preparatory to review and printing, and 4 sheets are in various stages of compilation. The 1956 (7th) edition of the folio of navigation maps of the Atcha- falaya River and the Intracoastal Waterway, Gulf Section, New Orleans, La. to Port Arthur, Tex., scale 1: 62,500, is in final stages of preparation for printing. The 1955 (23rd) edition of the folio of flood control and navigation maps, scale 1: 62,500, cover- ing the Mississippi River from Cairo, Ill. to the Gulf of Mexico (with small scale navigation charts of the middle Mississippi) was printed. The 1956 (24th) edition of this map folio is under preparation. Some 7,223 flight miles of aerial photographs were taken, covering the Mississippi River and some tributary rivers in the New Orleans, Vicksburg, and Memphis Districts, with photo coverage of special areas in the New Orleans, Vicksburg, Memphis, and St. Louis Districts. Aerial mosaic maps of the Mississippi River, Cairo to the Gulf of Mexico, and the Atchafalaya River, scale 1: 20,000, have been completed by the New Orleans, Vicks- burg, and Memphis Districts from October 1955-January 1956 aerial pictures. Work accomplished in the districts follows: New Orleans District. Two new editions-Thibodaux and Hahnville quadrangle maps, were reproduced by Army Map Serv- ice and published by the Mississippi River Commission. Five revised editions-Morgan City, Odenburg, St. Bernard, Chicot Lake, and Opelousas quadrangle maps, were published. Color separation on one color separation drawings for remapped quad- rangle-Chef Menteur are practically completed. Five remapped quadrange manuscripts-Rigolets, Bonnet Carre, Bayou :Sale, Point au Fer, and Lake Decade are under preparation. Vicksburg District. Two revised editions-McGehee and Lake Village quadrangle maps, were published. Color separation on one remapped quadrangle-Sicily Island, is under preparation. Seven remapped quadrangles-Eudora, Philipp, Greenwood, Seven Pines, Lexington, Winnsboro, and Shackleford Lake are in various stages of compilation. Memphis District. Twelve revised editions-Cairo, Thebes, Hickman, Wickliffe, Pascola, Hayti, Malden, Kennett, Piggott, Tilton, Valley Ridge, and Leachville quadrangle maps were pub- lished. Ten revised editions--Edmondson, New Madrid, :Park Place, Memphis, Portageville, Farrell, Blytheville, Latour, Marked Tree, and Evadale quadrangle maps were reproduced by Army Map Service and published by Mississippi River C.ommission. Color separation on two remapped quadrangles-Princedale and 1864 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Whitmore, is practically completed. Four remapped quadrangles ---Reelfoot Lake, Caruthersville, Manila, and Deckerville, are in the process of reproduction by Army Map Service. The contract for the compilation of new planimetry on twelve quadrangles lo- cated on the White River and St. Francis River Basins, awarded in 1951, has been completed. Three of these manuscripts, Leach- ville, Princedale, and Whitmore quadrangles, have been revised and six are being revised. MISSISSIPPI RIVER-LEVEES Levees. Work included construction of 5.0 miles of new levee, raising 9.7 miles to approved grade and section, and restoration of eroded portions of existing levees, including replacement of 389,000 cubic yards of material at the following locations along the Mississippi River including the construction of road embank- ments adjacent to the crown of the levees and the placement of clay gravel thereon. In 1,000 cubic yards Location, State, and levee district New work Restoration New OrleansDistrict Orleans Parish La... ... ..--.---------------- 4 Lake Borgne, La----------------------------------------------- 95 25 Barataria, La----------------------------------------------- -------------------- 13 Lafourche, La 215 .--------------------------------------- Atchafalaya, La------------------------------------------------ 54 Lower Tensas, La_ ---.-------..----------------------- 395 Vicksburg District Lower Yazoo, Miss---------- ------------------------------- ........ ...-- 327 36 Lower Tensas, La--------------------------------------------- 2,636 100 Memphis District Upper Yazoo, Miss ----------------------------- 683 Lower White, Ark---------------------------------------------- 219 Lower St. Francis, Ark_---- - --- - 22 Along the lower Mississippi River below Baton Rouge, 1.6 miles of new levee wave-wash-protection work and 9 miles of mainte- nance work were constructed to protect the levees and foreshore from erosion by wave wash from the passage of ocean vessels of deep draft and high speed. For further detail of the above levee work, see tables E-1 through E-3 and E-6. Costs for this work are given in table G. Bonnet Carre spillway. (See pp. 2089-2091, Annual Report for 1938.) Flood stages did not necessitate operation of the spillway. Maintenance work consisted of the following: Place- ment of 141,471 cubic yards of type 3 fill in constructing 7,050 linear feet of forebay levee, by contract, during the period Decem- ber 29, 1955 to February 8, 1956, and clearing previously cleared areas by cutting regrowth of sapling trees and brush, and spray- ing stumps and weeds to prevent new growth, by hired labor forces. The spillway structure and guide levees were maintained as required. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1865 Flood-controlwork under section 6, May 15, 1928 Act. Under the provisions of this section, levee and other flood-control works have been undertaken at the following locations on the Mississippi River between Cape Girardeau and Rock Island and on tributaries and outlets of this river between Cape Girardeau and the Head of Passes insofar as such tributaries or outlets are affected by the backwaters of the Mississippi. In accordance with the provisions of this section, local interests have furnished necessary rights-of- way and have contributed 331/3 percent of the costs of the works. Location New work New Orleans District Cubic yards Red River-Moncla to Lake Long..----------------..........-------------------------------- 120,000 Rock Island District Rock Island to New Boston, Ill --------------------------------------------------- 40,000 Further data concerning section 6 work are shown in table E-4. Levee restoration under section 9 of the June 15, 1986 Act. Under this authority the Vicksburg District has constructed 34,000 cubic yards of levee work in the Yazoo Basin. Data there- on are shown in table E-5. Vicksburg District. Contract for construction of two pumping stations and modification of floodgates at Bawcomville, La. was completed November 16, 1955. MISSISSIPPI RIVER---CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT Bank revetment and dikes. Work during the fiscal year in- cluded the placement, by hired labor, of 30.6 miles of new bank revetment at the following locations on the Mississippi River. Maintenance Location (Miles above Head of Passes) New work Extensions Repairs New Orleans District Linearfeet Linearfeet Squares 5,550 248-319..........------------------------------------- 5,050 26,925 Vicksburg District 425-596------------------------------------- 62,030 8,455 0 Memphis District 598-963..---.------------------------------- 93,575 1,795 98,102 Total ----------------------------- 161,155 10,300 125,027 Further data concerning this work are shown by districts in tables D-1 through D-3. No work on the construction or main- tenance of dikes was undertaken during the fiscal year. Dredging. A total of 43,336,036 cubic yards of material was dredged in the Mississippi River whereby a minimum channel depth of 9 feet was maintained except for 4 days, August 7-8 and 29-30, 1955, at Paudert Lower Crossing where 8 feet existed; 3 days, August 31 to September 2, 1955, at Reverie and Howard 1866 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Upper Crossing where 8 2 feet existed; 5 days, September 1-3 and 12-13, 1955, at Kate Aubrey Crossing with 81/2 feet; 1 day, Sep- tember 14, 1955, at Island 63 Crossing with 8 feet; 3 days, Sep- tember 19-21, 1955, at Sunflower Cutoff Crossing with 81/2 feet; 3 days, January 15-17, 1956, at Island 62 Crossing with 8 feet; 4 days, January 16-19, 1956, at Island 8 Chute Crossing with 81/2 feet; 2 days, January 23-24, 1956, at Finley Crosing with 81/ feet; 4 days, January 23-26, 1956, at Island 16 Crossing with 8 feet; and 2 days, January 27=28, 1956, at Cracraft Crossing where 71 feet existed. Dredge plant operated as follows: Vicksburg District: One Government-owned dustpan dredge and one small cutterhead and one leased large cutterhead dredge. A total of 8,940,370 cubic yards was dredged between miles 320 AHP and 593 AHP. Memphis District: Four Government-owned dustpans and one leased cutterhead dredge. A total of 34,395,666 cubic yards was .dredged between miles 593 AHP and 964 AHP. In addition to dredging, channel patrols and surveys were made as required; navigation notices issued; navigation aids maintained; snags wrecks, and obstructions removed; liaison con- tact-pilot service with commercial navigation was maintained; :channel conditions were broadcast by radio; and velocity data were furnished at troublesome reaches. Costs for this work are given in table G. NAVIGATION HARBORS Vicksburg Harbor,Miss. (Vicksburg District)--Advance en- gineering work was done as follows: Surveys and borings were made; test dredging was done at two locations. Design memo- randum was prepared. Plans and specifications for a part of the work are essentially complete. Memphis Harbor, Teen. (Tennessee Chute-Memphis District) A contract for clearing and grubbing 377 acres for construction of the industrial site embankment was completed July 6, 1955. A contract for the lease of a cutterhead pipeline dredge was awarded on December 16, 1955, for continuation of the industrial embankment construction. The dredge moved 4,750,000 cubic yards during this fiscal year making a total of 35,159,500 cubic yards of material placed in the embankment to date. Work under the contract is about 54 percent complete. Costs of project work are given in table G. ATCHAFALAYA BASIN, LA. (Atchafalaya Basin, Morganza and West Atchafalaya flood- ways, and Atchafalaya River). New Orleans District. a. Wax Lake Outlet and Charenton 'Canal. Alteration of the New Iberia & Northern (Missouri-Pacific) Railroad bridge at Charenton drainage canal was completed under a reimbursable MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1867 contract on July 18, 1955, with only minor items such as cleanup being accomplished this fiscal year. Acquisition of comprehensive easements over all lands required in connection with these features of the project is complete. Rights-of-way required for enlargement of the canal were fur- nished by local interests, subject to reimubursement by the United States. b. Atchafalaya River and basin. Restoration of Prader levee on the east bank was accomplished by hired labor forces with the placement of 30,643 cubic yards of fill over a distance of 7,650 linear feet. This work was commenced on October 14, 1955, and completed on December 13, 1955. c. Atchafalaya Basin floodway. Construction of cableways and a gaging station in the West Atchafalaya floodway was ini- tiated by hired labor on February 28, 1956, and completed on June 27, 1956. (1) Protectionlevees. Levee enlargement on the east and west protection levee system was continued, a gap closure was effected in Wax Lake Outlet east levee, and construction of Krotz Springs ring levee was initiated. In the Atchafalaya Basin and floodway approximately 1.6 miles of levee were constructed and 24.2 miles enlarged or topped. (2) Bayou Courtableaudrainage structure and outlet channel. Construction of Bayou Courtableau drainage structure, at Bayou Courtableau in the West Atchafalaya Basin protection levee, was completed May 2, 1956, with work accomplished as follows: Under a contract for construction of the outlet channel, approxi- mately 1,296,400 cubic yards were excavated; the channel was completed January 20, 1956. Under another contract for con- struction of the drainage structure, approximately 141,000 cubic yards were excavated to complete the approach channel, and the reinforced concrete structure with steel sluice gates was con- structed. (3) Bayou Boeuf lock. Approximately 18,296 cubic yards of fill were placed by hired labor forces in enlargement of Bayou Boeuf closure during the period November 3, 1955 to January 3, 1956. Construction of a warehouse was initiated by contract on July 20, 1955, and completed on August 12, 1955. (4) Interior drainagewest of Berwick. Construction of Bayou Yokely pumping station was completed July 25, 1955, with only :miscellaneous minor items- such as dressing and cleanup accom- plished during the fiscal year. Construction of Maryland pumping station was initiated, by contract, on May 16, 1956. Work accomplished consisted of ex- cavation, pile driving, and procurement of materials. Hired labor forces constructed tie-in levees and installed three culverts to effect flood protection and rearrangement of interior drainage for the Ellerslie drainage area. This work was com- menced on February 24, and completed on March 8, 1956. (5) High-level railroads and highways. Construction of the 1868 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 high-level railroad crossing over the West Atchafalaya floodway from Krotz Springs to Courtableau was completed by the New Orleans, Texas & Mexico Railway Company on March 6, 1956, except for deferred construction. The work accomplished at this crossing consisted of placing of embankment and ballast to raise track at east and west ends of crossing. The State of Louisiana, Department of Highways, has completed borrow pit borings and is now engaged in the preparation of plans and specifications for construction of a high-level crossing for U. S. Highway No. 190 between Krotz Springs and Courtableau. (6) Atchafalaya Basin dredging. Dredging to improve flow was accomplished by contract, between miles 70.5 and 74.0 during the period October 23, 1955 to June 27, 1956, with the removal of approximately 5,170,000 cubic yards of material. Under another contract for dredging between miles 57.9 and 61.2 work was commenced on May 1, 1956, and is 31 percent complete, with ap- proximately 2,074,000 cubic yards dredged. (7) Land acquisition and flowage easements. The acquisition of flowage easements in the West Atchafalaya floodway (including extension of the floodway) is complete, except for processing De- partment of Justice requirements in connection with condemna- tion cases. In the Atchafalaya floodway below the latitude of Krotz Springs, acquisition of flowage easements for the project, "Bayou Chene and vicinity," is complete. Acquisition of flowage easements in connection with the project, "Lands below the lati- tude of Krotz Springs," is approximately 25 percent complete. (All tracts in this project on which claims have been filed by property owners have been appraised.) Acquisition of all lands for the construction of Bayou Boeuf lock has been completed, except for final payment on one tract in condemnation. One fee tract is involved in connection with Bayou Courtableau control structure. Title has been acquired and final papers remain to be forwarded to Office, Chief of Engineers. All other lands required for the inlet and outlet channels, including relocation of utilities, are being acquired by local levee boards, subject to reimburse- ment by the United States. All rights-of-way have been acquired by the levee boards and made available for construction. (8) Operation and maintenance of structures. The Bayou Boeuf, Berwick, and Bayou Sorrell navigation locks were operated and maintained respectively as parts of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, Bayou Teche and alternate Gulf Intracoastal Waterway route between Morgan City and Plaquemine. Other structures were operated and maintained as required. d. Morganza floodway (includes Morganzastructure). (1) High-level railroads and highways. During the period April 9, 1956, to June 7, 1956, deferred construction work by the Texas & Pacific Railway Company consisted of placing 6,567 tons of ballast in resurfacing the high-level crossing of the Port Allen branch line over the Morganza floodway. Exchange agreements covering relocations of highways and railroads, and exchange agreements covering telephone and MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1869 telegraph lines and other utilities, have all been prepared and forwarded to the various companies for review and approval. (2) Morganza control structure. Hired labor forces con- structed a storage shed at the control structure during the period January 23, to March 2, 1956, and accomplished maintenance of the control structure as required. Grouting of the voids under the control structure was com- menced by hired labor on January 4, 1956. The grout pipes were cleaned and repaired as necessary and a total of 208.47 cubic yards of grout was pumped into the pipes, completing all work on February 24, 1956. Degrading the Morganza forebay levee involving excavation of 521,874 cubic yards over a distance of 11,150 linear feet of main line Mississippi River levee, was completed August 9, 1955, with 25,896 cubic yards removed during the fiscal year. (3) Land acquisition and flowage easements. Acquisition of comprehensive easements over lands in the Morganza floodway is complete, except for payment of one tract in condemnation. Acquisition of the new cemetery sites is complete, and title to these lands has been conveyed by the contractor to the church organizations involved. Activities in connection with processing final papers on cemetery relocations are 95 percent complete. Maintenance of the floodway consisted of clearing regrowth of trees and brush in previously cleared areas by machine cutting and hand clearing and chemically treating stumps. e. Atchafalaya River navigation. The authorized 12-foot x 125-foot Atchafalaya River navigation channel, between the Mis- sissippi River at Angola, La. and Morgan City, La., via Old River and the Atchafalaya River, was completed and opened to navi- gation on February 15, 1956. This improvement was accom- plished by contract dredging from December 2, 1955 to February 15, 1956, with the removal of 1,628,420 cubic yards of material from the lower Chicot Pass channel, Grand Lake, and Six-Mile Lake. Maintenance work consisted of the removal of 192,880 cubic yards of shoal to obtain project depth at miles 95 and 100 by leased dredge. This work was commenced on May 22 and completed on May 30, 1956. BAYOU COCODRIE AND TRIBUTARIES, LA. Condition surveys were made by hired labor as required. LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN, LA. Enlargement of the lakeshore levee was continued. Work was initiated at item B-3 on June 13, 1955, and completed on June 9, 1956, with placement of 822,302 cubic yards of hydraulic fill. En- largement of item B-4 was initiated on March 21 and is 24 percent complete, with 170,000 cubic yards placed. Topping the St. Charles-Jefferson flanking levee was initiated on November 14, 1955, and is 69 percent complete, with approxi- mately 47,000 cubic yards of fill placed. 1870 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Approximately 4,700 linear feet of levee toe protection were con- structed by the placement of 2,840 tons of broken concrete during the period July 1 to July 26, 1955. OLD RIVER, LA. Construction of the low-sill structure for the control of Old River was commenced on September 14, 1955. Approximately 1,300,000 cubic yards have been excavated for the structure and the material has been placed in designated areas. Dewatering the cofferdam area is approximately 34 percent complete, and seeding and mulching of the slopes of the excavation above elevation 20 is in progress. Approximately 95 percent of the H-beam piling and sheet piling required has been received and painting of the piling is in progress. The low-sill structure is approximately 26 per- cent complete. A contract has been awarded and operations were commenced on June 27 for initial clearing of outflow channel areas involving approximately 2,475 acres. Plans and specifications have been completed for dredging the outflow channel involving 13,400,000 cubic yards, and for gates and operating machinery for the low-sill structure. Plans and specifications for the overbank structure have been approved by the Chief of Engineers. Design memoranda are being prepared for the levees, the closure dam, and the navigation lock. Pursuant to Public Law 562, 79th Congress, approved July 29, 1946, a tripartite agreement between the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers; State of Louisiana, Department of Highways; and the Department of Commerce, Bureau of Public Roads, which would permit the construction of a State highway on the control structures, levees, and over the navigation channel, is under preparation. LOWER RED RIVER, LA. Maintenance work consisted of constructing 750 linear feet of standard board revetment by contract at mile 104 during the period March 24 to June 15, 1956. Hired labor forces are engaged in making necessary repairs to pile dikes. TENSAS BASIN LA. AND ARK. Vicksburg District: Red River backwater area. The following contracts were con- tinued to completion: Construction of levee setback above New Era on the Black River; enlargement of levee adjacert to Bayou Cocodrie drainage structure, jointly with levee restoration ; con- struction of floodwall and walkway bridge over that structure; and of the Buckner Bayou diversion, and of closure of a levee gap in the Dunbarton to Lake St. John levee at Buckner Bayou. Gravel road was constructed on 1.2 miles of levee in the Acme-Cocodrie reach. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1871 Operations during the fiscal year comprised the placement of 89,164 cubic yards of levee embankment, 371,312 cubic yards of excavation for the Buckner Bayou diversion, and 25.9 miles of levee restoration. The Bayou Cocodrie drainage structure is being operated. Boeuf and Tensas Basin, La, and Ark. Preparation of plans and specifications, surveys and studies are continuing. Channel im- provement and related works were continued as follows: (1) Bayou Lafourche, La.: Reimbursable contract for con- struction of new U. S. Highway No. 80 Bridge was completed October 15, 1955. Reconstruction of Illinois Central Railroad bridge is essentially complete. (2)Boeuf River, La. and Ark.: One contract for channel en- -to largement in reach 3, mile 174.0 to mile 183.0, and in reach 4, mile 183.0 mile 196.1 was completed August 2, 1955. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 505,359 cubic yards of excavation. Work under one contract for channel enlargement, cleanout, and clearing and snagging in reach 5, mile 196.1 to mile 220.0, and in reach ~6, mile 220.0 to mile 235.5 commenced July 25, 1955, and is 75 percent complete. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 3,720,797 cubic yards :of excavation, 4.8 mniles of channel clean- out, and 5.2 miles of clearing and snagging. Reimbursable contracts were completed for alterations of the county bridge at mile 200.7 in reach '5 and U. S. Highway No. 82 Bridge. Alterations of 5 powerlines in reach 6 are in progress. (3) Big Bayou, Ark.: Contract for channel enlargement and channel cleanout between miles 8.0 and 17.7 was completed August 11,1955. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 1.37 miles channel cleanout and the construction of two weirs, at mile 9.68 and mile 13.92 , respectively. Work under contract for channel enlargement, cleanout and construction of weirs between miles 17.7 and 33.3 started November 1955, and is 78 percent complete. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 550,000 cubic yards of excavation and 6.2 miles of channel cleanout. Reimbursable contracts for alteration of one county bridge, re- locationofb telephone lines and of three powerlines in reach 3 are nearing completion. (4) Canal 19, Ark.: One contract was awarded for cutoff con- struction, channel enlargement, and realinement in reach 1, mile 210.5 tomile 237.9, and in reach 2, mile 237.9 tomile 268.7 Wori under the following reimbursable contracts is in progress Relocation and alteration of two State highwaybridges; construc- tion of13 access roads; alterations of 22 powerlines, 2 telephone lines and 1 telegraph line; alteration of 1 county bridge in Chicot County a.nd S esha County bridges. (5) Canal 43, Ark.: Work under contract for channel cleanout in reach 1, mile 0 to mile 16.5 was started June 16,1956, and is 10 percent complete.:., Operations during the fiscal year oimpried 1.5 nile of channel cleanout. 1872 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 LOWER ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. Arkansas River levees. Enlargement of 6.4 miles of levees, and construction of 0.3 miles of new levees were completed on the north bank, and 6.6 miles of north bank levees were restored. Work under contract for construction of Flat Bayou drainage structure was started December 29, 1955, and is 85 percent com- plete. YAZOO BASIN, MISS. Yazoo Basin headwater,Miss. (1) Lower auxiliary channel. Work under contract for con- struction of the lower 7 miles was started December 1955, and is 20 percent complete. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 118,411 cubic yards of channel excavation, 911,813 cubic yards of ditch excavation, and 479,294 cubic yards of levee embankment. Reimbursable contracts were negotiated for construction of 4 bridges on the Holly Bluff-Satartia road crossing and for altera- tion of an oil pipeline. (2) Yazoo City protection works. Continuing contract for construction of the storm drainage pumping station, and the sanitary sewage pumping station was 98 percent complete. Con- tract was awarded for construction of east and west bank levees and bendway closures. (3) Belzoni protection works. Plans and specifications for con- struction of floodwall and levee and modification of existing drain- age facilities are complete. (4) Greenwood protection works. Maintenance of the com- pleted levees and operation and maintenance of floodgates and pumping station were continued. Mudjacking of the floodwall was completed by hired labor June 1956. (5) Channel improvements. Tippo Bayou-Ascalmore Creek. Interim improvement of the lower 20 miles was started by hired labor May 14, 1956, and is 73 percent complete. The work in- volves 19.6 miles of clearing and snagging, 0.7 mile of channel cleanout, and 94,000 cubic yards of excavation for channel enlarge- ment and cutoff construction. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 84,000 cubic yards of channel excavation and 3.4 miles of clearing and snagging. (6) Channel maintenance. The following operations were ac- complished as maintenance: (a) Coldwater River: Ammate spraying, 46.2 miles; clear- ing and snagging, 24.3 miles; and clearing of relief ditch, 10.7 miles. (b) Little Tallahatchie River: Ammate spraying 21.5 miles; clearing and snagging of East Twin ditch, 10.5 miles. (c) Yocona River: Ammate spraying, 3.5 miles; removal of bar from channel at mile 12.2, immediately upstream from U. S. Highway No. 51 bridge. (d) Cassidy Bayou: Clearing, 12.7 miles. (e) Tallahatchie River: Ammate spraying, 80.3 miles, and clearing, 6.2 miles. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1873 (f) Yalobusha River: Ammate spraying, 24 miles, random drift removal, and construction of 3,440 linear feet of retards. (g) Yazoo River: Ammate spraying, 82.5 miles, and clear- ing and snagging, 4.3 miles. (7) Yazoo Basin levees: The Coldwater River levees were maintained and the floodgates were operated. (8) Grenada Reservoir. (See table C). The facility was oper- ated and necessary repairs to the dam and appurtenant structures were made. Contract for drilling of 5 drinking-water wells at approved recreational areas in the vicinity of the dam, and in the reservoir, was completed August 30, 1955. There were 640,000 visitor-days for recreation. On July 1, 1955, 546,200 acre-feet of water remained in storage from the 1955 flood season and by November 20, 1955, the flood pool was emptied. Maximum water elevation in the reservoir was 215.7 feet mean sea level on May 8, 1956, when flood control storage was 489,600 acre-feet. Peak inflow was about 26,000 cubic feet per second on February 5, 1956. Average daily releases, varied to accord with inflow and downstream stages, ranged from 0 to a maximum of about 3,200 cubic feet per second. On June 30, 1956, 290,700 acre-feet remained in the flood-control pool. There are 88,276 acres of land authorized for acquisition in the dam and reservoir areas. Acquisition is complete except for 9 tracts. (9) Enid Reservoir. (See table C). The facility was operated and necessary repairs to the dam and appurtenant structures were made. Contract for asphalt surfacing of access roads in the vicinity of the dam was completed August 28, 1955. There were 232,000 visitor-days for recreation. On July 1, 1955, 321,600 acre-feet of water remained in storage from the 1955 flood season, and by November 15, 1955, the flood pool was emptied. Maximum water elevation in the reservoir was 249.8 feet mean sea level on May 4, 1956, when flood-control stor- age was 209,000 acre-feet Peak inflow was about 54,000 cubic feet per second on February 3, 1956. Average daily releases, varied to accord with inflow and downstream stages, ranged from 0 to maximum of about 2,190 cubic feet per second. On June 30, 1956, 136,700 acre-feet remained in the flood-control pool. There are 43,877 acres of land authorized for acquisition in the dam and reservoir areas. Acquisition is complete except for one tract. (10) Sardis Reservoir. (See table C). The facility was oper- ated, necessary repairs to the dam and appurtenant structures were made, and malaria-control operations in the reservoir area were continued. Contract for construction of comfort station was completed May 31, 1956. There were 516,600 visitor-days for recreation. 18'74 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 On July 1, 1955, 658,500 acre-feet of water remained in storage from the 1955 flood season and by October 20, 1955, the flood pool was essentially emptied. Maximum water elevation in the reser- voir was 261.0 feet mean sea level on May 7, 1956, when flood- control storage was 552,800 acre-feet. Peak inflow was about 32,000 cubic feet per second on February 5, 1956. Average daily releases, varied to accord with inflow and downstream stages, ranged from 0 to a maximum of 4,710 cubic feet per second. On June 30, 1956, 343,400 acre-feet remained in the flood-control pool. (11) Arkabutla Reservoir. (See table C). The facility was operated, necessary repairs to the dam and appurtenant struc- tures were made, and malaria-control operations in the reservoir area were carried out. Contract for surfacing the toe road, over- look road, and- launching ramps was completed Juie 9, 1956. Renovation of Tate-Panola Canal and Hickahala .Creek was completed by hired labor December 10, 1955. There were 99,000 visitor-days for recreation. On July 1, 1955, 127,400 acre-feet of water. remained in storage from the 1955 flood season and by November 10, 1955 the flood pool was emptied. Maximum water elevation in the reservyir was 232.1 feet mean sea level on February 20, 1956, when flood- control storage was 314,000 acre-feet. Peak inflow: was 39,000 cubic feet per second on February 3, 1956. Average daily re- leases, varied to accord with inflow and downstream river stages, ranged from 0 to a maximum of about 4,500 cubic feet per second. On June 30, 1956, 54,300 acre-feet remained in the flood-control pool. Big Sunflower River, etc. Work under contract for construc- tion of Holly Bluff Cutoff on Big Sunflower River between mile 1.9.22 and mile 33.50 was started June 5, 1956, and is 1 percent complete. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 51,000 cubic yards of excavation for the cutoff. Work under reimburs- able contracts for alterations of one powerline and one telephone line at the lower end of the cutoff is in progress. LOWER WHITE RIVER, ARK. Memphis District:. White River backwater levee: Work was continued on the ,White River backwater levee by enlarging eight additional miles to approved grade and section. A'total of 971,000 cubic oyards of earth was placed in the levee during the fiscal year. ST. FRANCIS BASIN, MO. AND ARK. St. FrancisRiver and floodway, Ark. and Mo. (1) Channel improvement. :Dredging operations began Febru- ary 5, 1954, for channel excavation of 24,000,000 cubic yards in the Madison-Marianna, Arkansas floodway. The contract dredge removed 11,204,145 cubic yards this fiscal year, making a total of 22,510,995 cubic yards of material removed. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1875 A reimbursable contract was entered into with the Missouri Pacific Railroad for the design and construction of a floodway railroad for their tracks near Marianna, Ark. The railroad com- pany is now engaged in the preparation of plans and specifications for the accomplishment of this work. A contract was awarded for the design and preparation of plans for county road bridges crossing the floodway channel. Prepara- tion of plans is under way. (2) Levees. Levee construction was continued in the basin with the placing of 12,524,000 cubic yards of earthwork. (3) Wappapello Reservoir. (See table C.) The facility was maintained in operating condition and malaria-control operations were continued. Leasing of reservoir lands was continued, and a patrol of the leased property was maintained. The fish and wild- life conservation program conducted jointly with the Missouri Conservation Commission was continued. It is estimated that there were 214,300 vistor-days of use of recreational facilities in the Wappapello Reservoir area. The reservoir was nominally empty of flood storage at the beginning and end of the fiscal year, and the water level was controlled insofar as possible in accordance with the malaria-control program. Maximum water-surface ele- vation during the year was 363.00 feet on February 19, with a net flood storage of 62,900 acre-feet. Peak inflow into the reservoir was 15,360 cubic feet per second on February 18. Maximum out- flow during the year Was 6,110 on February 19, 1956. L'Anguille River, Ark. A contract awarded November 23, 1955, for clearing L'Anguille Lake and lower river as a part of the St. Francis floodway, is about 14 percent complete. REELFOOT LAKE, TENN. AND KY. Running Reelfoot Bayou, Tenn. Work was initiated on Run- ning Reelfoot bayou channel improvement and a total of 629,607 cubic yards of material was excavated during the fiscal year. FLOODS Floods-Memphis District. Rains occurring over the upper reaches of the Mississippi River and Ohio River Basins during February 1956, resulted in a Mississippi River crest stage of 43.62 :feet on the Cairo gage on February 27, 1956, with a corresponding maximum discharge of about 1,000,000-cubic feet per second. Confined floods occurred in the St. Francis River Basin during February 1956, with a maximum stage of 18.65 feet at St. Francis, Ark. on February 26, 1956. On the White River a maximum stage of 29.05 feet occurred at Clarendon, Ark., on February 26, 1956. Floods-Vicksburg District. Crest stages on the Mississippi River were below normal, ranging from about 15 feet below flood stage at Arkansas City to about 9 feet below flood stage at Natchez. Crest stages on the upper Ouachita River ranged from about 3 feet above to about 2 feet below flood stages and were below flood stages in the lower reaches of the diiachita River.: Minor 1876 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 flooding occurred in the upper reaches in February. Operation of flood-control works effected estimated reductions ranging from about 2 to 8 feet on the upper Ouachita River. Crest stages on the Coldwater-Tallahatchie-Yazoo Rivers occurred in February. Crest stages of 28.4 feet at Swan Lake and 29.8 feet at Greenwood were moderate. Operation of flood-control works effected reduc- tions averaging 4 feet on Coldwater River, 5 feet on Tallahatchie River, and varied from 6 feet at Greenwood to 2 feet at Yazoo City. Floods--New Orleans District. No flooding of consequence oc- curred in the New Orleans District. Unusually low stages pre- vailed throughout the year with the exception of a rise that started early in February and crested at 13.1 feet on the Carrollton gage on March 6, 7, and 12, 1956 (flood stage 17.0 feet). On the Red River, Alexandria gage (flood stage 32.0 feet) recorded a maxi- mum stage of 20.8 feet on February 25, 1956. CONDITION AT END OF FISCAL YEAR Construction of the existing project began in 1928 and has con- tinued throughout the ensuing years. Based on the total estimated cost, the entire project is approximately 64 percent complete. The results of continuing surveys of the Mississippi River below Cairo are shown in the published folio of maps, entitled "Flood Control and Navigation Maps of the Mississippi River, Cairo, Illinois to the Gulf of Mexico, 1955." Contoured quadrangles, general maps of the alluvial valley, and pamphlets tabulating river stages, discharge measurements, etc., have been published and are available for departmental use and public distribution under prescribed regulations. The present construction status of the project features listed in tables A and B follow: Mississippi River levees: There are 1,563 miles of Mississippi River levees below Cape Girardeau of which 1,293 miles are built to project grade and sec- tion with earthwork aggregating about 1,003,000,000 cubic yards as listed in table E-1 through E-3. Graveled or hard-surfaced roads have been constructed on 188 miles of these levees. Below Baton Rouge, in the New Orleans District, about 133 miles of levee are protected against river wave wash by either timber structures or levee-slope pavement. Shore-erosion-protection works have been constructed along 10.8 miles of levee. Bonnet Carre spillway, La.: The spillway structure was completed in February 1931, and the remaining work was completed in December 1936. Opera- tions and maintenance of the spillway are carried on as required. (See pp 2089-2091, Annual Report for 1938 for description.) New Madrid, Mo.: (Closure of Birds Point-New Madrid flood- way). Work has not been started. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1877 Flood-controlwork under section 6, May 15, 1928 Act: The status of levee work that has been constructed under the provisions of section 6 of the 1928 Act, is summarized on table E-4. MississippiRiver--channel improvement: In carrying out the authorized channel improvement program between Baton Rouge and Cairo, 16 cutoffs have been excavated to decrease the channel length between these cities by about 170 miles. The effect of this channel shortening, in increasing its flood-carrying capacity, is stated on page 1811, Annual Report of Chief of Engineers for 1943. In the last 5 years much progress has been made in advancing the overall channel stabilization pro- gram, involving the construction of bank revetment, dikes, and corrective dredging, to prevent the river from regaining its former length due to its natural tendency to meander. A long-range plan is now being developed to bring about and maintain the de- sired alinement of the river between Baton Rouge and Cairo, and an aditional authorization of $219,000,000 has been recommended for the construction of this program. There are now in place 341.3 miles of operative bank revetment on the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers as listed in tables D-1 through D-3. A lower-water- navigation channel 9 feet by 300 feet is maintained by dredging as required during the low-water season. Since 1928 annual main- tenance dredging has averaged about 30 million cubic yards. Due to the growing effectiveness of the channel improvement program average dredging requirements are steadily being reduced, and an increase in navigable depth is being obtained. Baton Rouge Harbor (Devils Swamp) : Work has not been started. Vicksburg Harbor: Surveys and borings are in progress and test dredging has been done at two locations. Plans and specifications for a portion of the work are essentially complete. Memphis Harbor (Tennessee chute) : Work was started on May 24, 1948, and is about 63 percent complete. The features of work that have been completed are as follows: The closure dam, batture embankment, pile dikes, wave- wash-protection-approach fill and roadway, Nonconnah Creek sewer extension, and revetment. Work on the access channels and the industrial fill is about 79 percent complete. AtchafalayaBasin, La.: a. Wax Lake Outlet and Charenton Canal. Wax Lake Outlet and Charenton Canal are complete. Alterations to the New Iberia & Northern Railway bridge were completed July 18, 1955. b. Atchafalaya River and Basin. Levees extend along both banks of the Atchafalaya River. Approximately 49.2 miles of the 50.8 miles in the east bank system and 59.3 miles of the 61.3 miles in the west bank system have been built to approved grade and section. 1878 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 c. Atchafalaya Basin floodway.: Levees have been built to ap- proved grade and section on the west side of the Atchafalaya Basin from Mansura Hills to Hamburg to confine flood waters within the West Atchafalaya floodway, the Atchafalaya River, and along Bayou des Glaises from Hamburg to Simmesport. Con- tinuous levee systems extend along the east and west limits of the floodway. The east protection levee extends from Morganza to Cutoff Bayou; 67.4 miles of the 107.9 miles in this levee system having been built to grade and section. The west protection levees extend from Hamburg to Wax Lake Outlet and thence via the lower.floodway-protection levee to Berwick drainage canal, with 88.1 miles of the 128.2 miles in the system built to grade and section. The lower Atchafalaya system of levees is partially complete west of Berwick and the lower Atchafalaya River from Berwick drainage canal to Wax Lake Outlet and thence to the Charenton drainage canal, including Bayou Sale and Teche Ridge levees. Of the: 60.9 miles in this system, 59.0 miles have been built, and 55.9 miles are to grade, and section. For status of these levees, see table E-1. Ring levees have been completed at Simmes- port and Melville, and one is now under construction at Krotz Springs. Landside borrow-pit channels have been excavated along the west protection levee between Hamburg and the Charen- ton drainage canal, and along the east protection levee between Fordoche and Ramah for the passage of intercepted drainage. Floodway and basin improvements, other than levees, com- pleted prior to 1943 are as described on pages 1884 and 1885 of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1943. Improvements completed since then include: A drainage struc- ture in the Simmesport ring levee floodwalls at Morgan City, Berwick, and Tiger Island, 1,891, 5,219, and 1,990 feet in: length, respectively; 2 pumping plants at Morgan City (Morgan City and Tiger Island) ; locks at Berwick, Bayou Boeuf, and Bayou Sorrel; a drainage structure and outlet channel at Bayou Courtableau; a floodgate and access bridge at Charenton drainage canal; flood- gates at Calumet on the east and west sides of Wax Lake Outlet; a channel 9 feet x 100 feet from Bayou Boeuf to Bayou Long, which acts as a drainage outlet for the floodway and forms a part of the alternate route for the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway; improvement of interior drainage west of Berwick by excavation of a charinel from Calumet to Wax Lake East levee-borrow pit and construc- tion of Ellerslie and Bayou Yokely pumping stations, and Wax Lake West and Wax Lake East drainage structures. Between Courtableau and Krotz Springs, over the West Atcha- falaya floodway, the New Orleans, Texas & Mexico Railway Com- pany's high-level crossing is complete, except for deferred eon- struction. Improvements, other than levees, now in progress ,re as follows: Construction of Maryland pumping station which is 37 percent complete and 6,678,000 cubic yards of improvement dredging be- tween miles 57.9 and 61.2 which is 31 percent complete. Plans and specifications for the high-level crossing of U. S. Highway No. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1879 190 are being prepared by the Department of Highways, State of Louisiana, under a reimbursable contract. The Atchafalaya Basin floodway is approximately 78 percent complete. d. Morganza floodway (includes Morganza structure). At the upper end of the floodway, the combined high-level crossing for State Highway No. 30, the Texas & Pacific Railway's Port Allen branch line, and the Morganza control structure is complete except permanent paving of the highway approaches, and other deferred construction as provided for under the reimbursable contracts. The forebay levee has been degraded. About midway, the Texas & Pacific Railway Company's main line crosses the floodway be- tween McKneely and Red Cross; this high-level crossing was com- pleted February 9, 1956, when the deferred construction period expired. At the lower end, U. S. Highway No. 190 was completed September 12, 1953, and the New Orleans, Texas & Mexico Rail- road high-level crossing was completed August 12, 1944. All scheduled construction has been completed. Permanent paving of State Highway No. 30 and other deferred construction as may be required Will be accomplished with allotments to Atcha- falaya Basin. e. Atchafalaya River navigation. Navigation improvement authorized by the Act of September 3, 1954, was completed on February 15, 1956, to give a controlling depth of 12 feet over a bottom width of 125 feet. Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries,-La.: A total of 16,482,158 cubic yards has been excavated and 2.2 miles cleared and snagged for channel improvement and diversion in Bayous Boeuf, Cocodrie, and Clear. :An improved and con- tinuous channel is complete from mile 0.0 to the Bayou Rapides drainage structure, a distance of 59.8 miles. Drainage structures have been completed on the south bank of Bayou Rapides and in Bayou Boeuf at Lecompte, and the Lamourie control structure has been completed on Bayou Lamourie. Twenty-one highway, 4 railroad, and 2 footbridges have been constructed or reconstructed. The overall percentage of completion is 81 percent for Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries improvements. Lake Pontchartrain,La.: A total of 17.4 miles of levee along the shore of Lake Pontchar- train with lateral levees to high ground have been constructed with 2.9 miles being completed to grade and section. (See table E-1.) Work remaining to complete the project consists of placing additional hydraulic fill, shaping and dressing levees, and con- struction of wave-wash-protection works. The project is 29 percent complete. Amite River, La.: The desired bank-protection work has been completed by local interests. 014 River, La.: Construction of the low-sill structure was initiated during the 1880 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 fiscal year and is 26 percent complete. Excavation for the struc- ture, dewatering of the cofferdam area, and delivery of piling are the principal features in progress. Levee adjacent to the struc- ture was constructed from acceptable material excavated for the low-sill structure. Under another contract, work was commenced for initial clearing of the outflow channel areas. Plans and specifications have been completed for dredging the outflow chan- nel and for gates and operating machinery for the low-sill struc- ture. Plans and specifications for the overbank structure were approved by the Chief of Engineers. Design memoranda are being prepared for the levees, the closure dam, and the navigation lock. Negotiations are in progress to permit the construction of a State highway on the control structure, levees, and over the navigation channel. Construction of the project was initiated on September 14, 1955, and is 5 percent complete. Lower Red River, La.: The levees have been built to approved grade but are deficient in section. (See table E-1.) A total of 3.1 miles of dikes and 2.5 miles of standard revetment have been built. (See table D-1.) The project is 92 percent complete. Tensas Basin, La. and Ark.: a. Red River backwater area, La. Construction of 93.2 miles of levee has been completed to final grade and section. Buckner Bayou diversion and Bayou Cocodrie drainage structure have been completed. Work remaining to complete the project consists of the construction of gravel roads on levees. b. Boeuf and Tensas Basin, La. and Ark. Channel improve- ment has been completed as follows: Big and Colewa Creek- 81 miles, Tensas River-85 miles, Tensas Bayou-14 miles, Bayou Lafourche-56.8 miles, Boeuf River-70.6 miles, Big Bayou--32.0 miles, and Canal 43--1.5 miles. The improvement of these streams involved clearing and snagging and 63,909,502 cubic yards of excavation. Relocation and alterations of bridges and utilities over Bayou Lafourche and Boeuf River are complete except for 6 powerlines in reach 6, Boeuf River, alterations of which are in progress. Alterations of one county bridge, and relocation of telephone lines and 3 powerlines over Big Bayou are nearing completion. The filling of Grant's Canal, La., is complete. Lower Arkansas River, Ark.: a. Arkansas River levees. A total of 29.5 miles of north bank levees, and 76.0 miles of south bank levees have been completed to approved grade and section. (See table E-2.) b. Grand Prairie-BayouMeto. The work has not been started. Yazoo Basin, Miss.: a. Yazoo Basin headwater. The Sardis, Arkabutla, Enid, and Grenada Reservoirs are in operation and necessary repairs are being made to dams and appurtenant structures. Minimum basic public-use facilities have been provided at the four reservoirs, and various State and local agencies and organizations have MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1881 constructed cottages, bunkhouses, dining halls, piers, etc., for their use. Channel improvements on the Coldwater-Tallahatchie-Yazoo Rivers have been completed except for the construction of 2 cutoffs in the Tallahatchie River and 2 cutoffs in the Yazoo River. Con- struction of the lower 7 miles of the lower auxiliary channel is in progress and planning for the remaining 25 miles of this feature is continuing. Improvement of these streams involved clearing, snagging, and 30,254,646 cubic yards of excavation. Construction of the Greenwood protection works is complete except for the Pelucia Bayou diversion and extension of levees. Preparation of plans and specifications for construction of the Belzoni protection works is complete. Construction of the Yazoo City protection works is continuing. The work required to complete this latter feature consists of completion of levees and bendway closures. b. Yazoo Basin backwater. Work has not been started. c. Big Sunflower River, etc. Channel improvement has been completed as follows: Big Sunflower River-19.22 miles, Quiver River-16.15 miles, Deer Creek-7 miles, and Steele Bayou-44.7 miles. Construction of Holly Bluff Cutoff in Big Sunflower River between mile 18.22 and mile 33.50 is in progress. Improvement of these streams involved clearing and snagging, and 3,581,684 cubic yards of excavation. Lower White River, Ark.: a. White River backwater levee: A total of 27 miles of back- water area levees along the east bank of White River has been completed to approved grade and section and 13 miles of levees to an interim grade. This work is 94 percent complete. b. Augusta to Clarendon, Ark. A total of 40 miles of levee along the east bank of White River has been completed to project grade and section. c. DeValls Bluff, Ark. Local protection work has been com- pleted. d. Des Arc, Ark. Local protection work has been completed. e. Cache Basin, Ark. Work has not been started. St. FrancisBasin, Ark. and Mo.: The Wappapello Reservoir is complete and available for use as required. On the west bank of the St. Francis River, 80 miles of levee are to project grade and section. On the east bank of the St. Francis River, 88 miles of levee are to project grade and sec- tion. A total of 14 miles of channel improvement and cutoffs on the lower St. Francis River in the Madison-Marianna floodway has been completed. In the Elk Chute drainage district, 17 miles of levee are to project grade and section. The levees along Little River are complete. Work on levees and drainage improvements is in progress. L'Auguille Basin, Ark.: The L'Anguille River below mile 5, being cleaned out as part of the St. Francis project, is about 13 percent complete, but on com- pletion will comprise only about 5 percent of the total program for the L'Anguille project. 1882 REPORT OF THE CIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 St. Johns Bayou, Mo.: Construction of levee and floodgate is complete. West Tennessee tributaries,Tenn.: Work has not been started. Reelfoot Lake area, Tenn. and Ky.: Excavation on Running Reelfoot Bayou, Tenn. is 24 percent; complete. Investigations and reports: Surveys and reports prescribed under the existing project and called for by Congressional or departmental directives are made as required. Reports on tributary streams authorized pursuant to the act of January 21, 1927, when presented to the Mississippi River Commission in compliance with section 10 of the act of May 15, 1928, are considered and the conclusions and recommenda- tions of the Commission thereon are submitted to the :Chief of Engineers. Cost: Total costs under the existing project, incurred from United States and contributed funds to June 30, 1956, were $1,131,823,- 790.23 of which $1,116,529,653.16 was for new work and main- tenance, $14,810,903.00 for flood-control emergencies, and $483,- 234.07 for general investigations. (See table H-1.) Similarly, total costs for construction and maintenance of levees under the existing project and expenditures incurred therefor by non-Federal agencies are given in table H-2. TABLE D-1. New Orleans District [Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1956] Operations Fiscal Year 1956 Above Lost, destroyed, Location Head of Bank Maintenance or nonoperative Operative on Passes New work since June 30, June 30, 1956 1955 Extensions Repairs I - - - - .. i i----~- I I _! ( I - - - - Miles Linear feet Linearfeet Square Linear feet Linearfeet MISSISSIPPI RIVER Standard revetment: Buras, .La- - - - ---------------- 25.1 Right ---- ---------------- ---------------- --------........ 2,900 Port Sulphur, La................ . - - 39.0 ..... do . . 1,820 0 Thibrddistrict reach, Louisiana-- --------------------- 91-95 Left .... 20,542 Algiers Point,La- ,,----------,, ------------------------ 94-95 Right .... 7,728 - Gouldsboro Bend,......-------------.---------------- LaL 95-96 ..... do_ _ 4,960 '* Getn Bend, La.............-------------------------- 96-97 4,127 Id Greenvitle Bend, La. -.. -------.-....-.---..-----------...--- 99-102 .do -- ---------------- ---- - -- - 19,870 F" Carrolltoh Bend, La_ ----------------- ------------- 103-105 Left .... 1,:015 Avode Bend, La ------.................------------------------- 106-108 Right_--- Kenner, La., -------------...................----------------------- 113-114 9,089 . Reserve, La_ ------------------------------------138-139 6,032 j White Castle, La- ....----....---....--------..--------.. 193-194 .... do ... --- --......... 7,282 Plaquemine Bend, La.......------------------------------. 208-216 ... ......... . 14,761 Port Allen, La :----------------------------------- 229.5 -.... do .. 3,220 Arbroth, La------------------ --------------------- 248-250 .... do_---- ---- -- ---....--......--------- -- -------....... 3,936 ... ....... ... 13,190 0 Grand Bay, La . -- -- --------------- -- 255-257 -- - _-. ................ --- 671 ---........... . Red Store, La-....... . ------ 268.0 ..... do__. . ...... 5,-- ___ _---------------- . . 2,350 -- _ 162 ................ 6,100 Arrow Bend, La_---------------------- 270.0 Left 2,700 ----- 985 ................ 10,55s n[Qrganza, La-.L,,,,,,-,,,,,,,,, 277-278 Right .... 3,301 ................ 13,310 Iowa Point, La____ - -- -- --- -- -- -- -- Left ..... 280.5 Left-do_- 5,550 Carr Point, La___ ---- ---- - - - - - - - - - 301-302 Right ....__ 2,30 4,505 8,600 { Above Old River, La __.. ... ...........-- ........ .. . .. 302.5 ..... do ... 126 4,800 O Coochie, La_-.- - 315.0 4,638 14,560 Palmetto, Miss...___ 319.3 Left ...... 8,601 18,750 - - -- - I I I I Subtotal New Orleans District.-..... ............ 5,550 5,050 26,925 .............. 234,944 Dikes: None ...... ----------- ------------------ ATCHAFALAYA RIVER Below mouth of Standard revetment: Red River Legonier, La _,----_----- _--- ------ . -- --.. -.. 4.0 Left_ 5,400 Dikes:1 None ..... See footnotes at end of table. 04 TABLE D-1. New Orleans District-Continued [Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1956] Operations Fiscal Year 1956 Miles Above Lost, destroyed, Location mouth of Bank Maintenance or nonoperative Operative on Red River New work since June 30, June 30, 1956 O 1955 Extensions Repairs O Linearfeet Linearfeet Square Linearfeet Linear feet RED RIVER O Standard revetment: Egg Bend, La...........------------------------------------ 90.9 Right----..... - .... --------------------------- ------------.. . . 700 t Roxana, La .......------------------------------ 99.0 ....do---....---------------------------- ------------- - -------------. 2,200 Ryland, La ------------------------------------------- 104.0 - do -------------- 550 835 -------------- 3,150 Hudson, La--- ---------------------------------------- 115.3 -. do--- ----------------------------------------- 1,458 C) Alexandria Front, La------------------------------------ 122.0 -. do----. -------------- --- -------------- --------------- - -5,550 Total 1 standard revetment Red River ...... --- . _ ......-.. ____.-.. ............ - 550 ---.... 835 .....--... 13,058 Dikes: Choctaw Bayou Bend, La---------............------------------------ .....-------------- 71.6 Right---- ----------------- ------------- 1,563 Egg Bend, La..............------------------------------------------ ...-------------- ------------------------------- 1,127 Egg Bend, La,-- Egg Bend, La ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ 89.6 ....do-- 90 - 91 - do -------------------------------- --- ----------------------- do----------------- -------------------------------------- 1,350 1,464 Z t Cologne Bend, La-----------.---..------------------ Echo La- --------------------------------------- 92.1 --- 93.9 do-- ---------------- _-do- .-- -------------- ----------- -------------- -1,635 -------------- ------- - - 1,849 Ii Richardson, La-------------------------------................................----------............... 94.5 .. do--- ...-------------------------- --- ---------------------- 1,556 Bertrand, La 139-139.5 .. ... ....-------------. ..... ------------------------------------......................................... do- -.---- 5,014 ldolt--- Boyce, La-- y--------------- .------------- ----------------------------------. 143 ---- - -s 1,069 Total dikes Red River ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16,627 1 Includes all types ofdikes and retards. z~ z, -4 tC TABLE D-2. Vicksburg District [Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1956] Operations Fiscal Year 1956 Above Lost, destroyed, Location Head of Bank Maintenance or nonoperative Operative on Passes New work since June 30, June 30, 1956 1955 Extensions Repairs Miles Linearfeet Linearfeet Square Linearfeet Linear feet '-4 MISSISSIPPI RIVER U-2 Standard revetment: J L ,v_. Bougere Bend, La..------.--.-------------------------- 326.5 18,490 Morville, La--.----------------------------------- 352 . (in.- -.. -..---.--.... .... .. .. .. ..- -------------------- .-- .... - - - - -..... --- -------------- -----.. .. .. .. .. 5,650 U Natchez Island, La----........-------------------------- 354 .... do----.. ----- -- --------------- ---------------- 3,600 '- Natchez Front, Miss--------........ ------------------------ 360 Left------.....-... -- ------------ - 6,045 Gibson, La-------------................--------....-------------- 368 R ight - . ..-............. .........- .. ..-- ........ ----- -....... .....-. 6,940 Kempe Bend, La--------..............--------- ------------- 379 ....do. --- ------------------------------- 14,805 Hardscrabble, La.. . ... ..---------------------------------- 394.6 do -.... -.... .----. ---------------- .----.---------------- ---------------- 22,530 0 Reid-Bedford, La.---------.---------.---.----------- 425 d........ 3,010 450 repl--------_- -.. .------ 300 17,350 - .................----------------- Racetrack, Miss------------- 428 Left ...... 7,580 ----- ---------.---------------- 25 7,555 e4 Barge Line terminal, Miss..-----.--------.------------- 432-433 do - ----------- .........---..----.----- -.... ---------------- 3,040 IM Vicksburg Harbor, Miss------...........--------------------- 432 -....do_. .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . ...--------- ... ....... ............-.. ...---- ...-- . 100 ---------------- 7,850 5,580 0 Opposite Delta Point, La--.. . . ...--------------------------- 432 ..R.. do.... Delta Point, La------...... ...---------------- 432 Right-----..... 2,460 5,910 False Point, La -..-.- ---------------------------- 436 ....do-.... Left ..... -.. ... ..-..-- . . --. - . - - . - . - . - 3,600 475 repl_---...------------ --- . . .---- -. ................ 200 12,390 19,350 0 Marshall-Brown's Point, Miss ....-------------------------- 441 Milliken Bend, La ---------------------------------- 447-451 Right----------------------------------- ---------------- 100 33,795 15,900 H Belle Island, La.-Miss..-----. --------------------------- 453.4 Left----- 4,710 560 repl_------------------- 250 Goodrich, La-------------............. -------- 460 Right ....... 23,175 R Cottonwood, Miss.---------...----------------------- 465 Left...... 7,280 ---------------- -------------- 300 8,980 Fitler Bend, Miss- . . . 470 ..----.............. .... do.-- ----. . ---------.--- ....... - 13,470 '-4 iHaaman. La----....---.....-- .....------------------ 478 Right .... 1,590 210 repl------- ---------------- 50 26,600 0 Be Lomond, Miss....-------- ------------------------ 480 Left...... 7,180 .-------------.-------.--------- 150 7.030 Lake Providence, La-----...... --- -------------------- 482 Right .....----- ---------------- --.-------- 11,600 Mayersville, Miss--------- ...........------------------------- 489 Left----- ---.-------- .......----------- 18,825 Carolina, Miss.............. ---------------- --------- 498 .... do_--. -------------- - 180 ext-.............-..-...- ..----------- 4,180 Cracraft, Ark-----------...............-------------------------- 501 Right,.... ----------------90 ext-------------.-.--.----.---. 13,370 Kentucky Bend, Miss-------.................----------------------- 509 Left ----- .......---------------- 10,115 American Cutoff, Miss...............---------------------- 517 ....do-.... .. . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,000 Sunnyside. Ark -------------------------------. . --- 523 Right ..... 11,305 Vaucluse, 1Ark.....-------------- -------------------- 525 -....do ... 4,300 T,,1-. ., A krlr 526 Left....... S 7,195 40 repl. . ...------------------------------- 11,880 Island ZS4 84, Arg .. . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . .. Warfield Point, Miss--------.........................................----------------------- . . . . . .. 529 ... . ..-.-.....-- do--- --.... 1,130 ext.. ......-------------- - -------------- 4,330 m 170 repl. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE D--2. Vicksburg District-Continued 00 [Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1956] Operations Fiscal Year 1956 Above Opean F Lost, destroyed, Location Head of Bank Maintenance or nonoperative C)perative on 0 Passes New work since June 30, J une 30, 1956 1955 Extensions Repairs I - I '-II- O Miles Linear feet Linear feet Square. Linearfeet Linearfeet MISSISSIPPI RIVER--Continued La Grange Towhead, Miss_ - ------ _____..._ .. ....... _ 530 Left_...... 2,950 t- Spanish Moss, Ark ...... --------------- 531 Right..... 100 3,560 Leland Cutoff, Ark ------------------------------ 532 Left ....... 1,300 C Tarpley island, Miss -------------------------------- 534 Right .... ext...... 15---- 2,.000 M iller Bend, M iss -- - -- ,--.. ...-------- .---- 537 Left_-..... ............... 24,930 Ashbrook Island, Miss__. _---_----.- - --- 541.5 Right .... 100 2,520 Arkansas City and Yellow Bend, Ark ......... ______ 545-549 25,100 Huntington Point, Miss____._-, ______ _ _.__ 550 Left_... ,. 9,625 Mounds, Miss_-------- ------- ................ O - 556 ................ 3,800 Catfish Point, Miss- ....................... -- 566 d--- ..... do ... ......--.......- --- 175 11,115 Riveton, Miss-, --------------.......... 578 .. . . . . . . 12,500 T VictoriaBend, Miss -------------------------------- 587 7,010 600 6,410 t BigIsland, Ark ---............. 591 Right::: 5,135 50 5,085 Smith Point,. Miss.......-............. 595.5 5,280 300 4,980 605 do ... -.... 11,865 Miss .. ---------------.........- -- De snils, Miss Cessions, ..--. 610 100 11,250 Subtotal Vicksburg District.............._________.___ ---------- 62,030 3,455 ----------------- 2,900 519,430 j Dikes: Natchez Island, La-.......... 354 R ight ..... .-- --- --. --- -.- _-- -- - -- - - -_- - _ _ 3,170 , L'Argent, La-- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - 372.5 .-. do ......................... . ..- ... 1,920 Mayersville, Miss ----------------------------------- 490 Left------ -------- -. - - - -.-.-- -- ..- 4,070 . Subtotal Vicksburg District_----------------------____ -.--.--.-... . .. . . ..- ..-- ..-- .- . - _ _ . .. . . ...- .. . . .. . . . 9,160 .O ARKANSAS RIVER Miles above Standard revetment: mouth M edford Bend, Ark--................................... 38 Right ..... ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- 14,190 Pendleton, Ark........................ ........ ............ 44.5 .....do ... ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- 2,900 Big Bayou Meto, Ark---.---..------------------------ 53 Left .----- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- 5,200 Mud Lake, Ark_--------------------------------- 65.3 ... do ... 5,000 ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- 15,000 -+ Little Bayou Meto, Ark 66 do.... ---------------- -.. ---------------- ---------------- 3,465 co Kimbrough, Ark 68 Right .--. --------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- 23,000 c Richland Bend, Ark----------------------------------------- 77 o---- ---..... - - - - -- - - - - - ---------------- ---------------- 11,455 ARKANSAS RIVER--Continued Miles above mouth Brunson's Crossing, Ark-------------------------------------- 79 Laft 1 4,260 New Gascony (Trulock), Ark_______________________________ 83 Rightig-t .......- -.------ 1 2,530 -------- - --. New Gascony (Madding), Ark--............ -------- 83.7 Left .. .- - 13,000 Adkins Lake, Ark.......-.........................- 85.5 Right --------- -- ---------------- 1 2,000 Rob Roy, Ark----------------------------------------------- 88 ....-do-... 1,790 Rob Roy, Ark-- ----------------------------------- 89 16,955 Plum Bayou-Rob Roy, Ark__.................... _____ 90 Left- 2,4------------ ----------.............------..... 110,510 Below Fergus Crossing, Ark__................... ______ 93.5-94.3 Right_-.. 12,400 Pine Bluff, Ark---------------------------------------------- 97 ----------- ----------------- ---------------- ,---- 5,400 I ---- i i i i Total standard revetment, Arkansas River------------- 7,400 ---.----------------------- -------- 64,055 Dikes: 1 Hopedale Cutoff, Ark .---- -------.-.... 24 Right_ 1,105 ----- ---- ---- --- -- - --- --- ---------------- 11,850 W Fletcher Bend, Ark_ _-------------------------------- 36 .....do - -- --- --- --- --- ---------------- 2,187 '-4 Davis Lake, Ark ---------------------------------- 38 ----- do - -- - -- --- --- --- --- --- -- - - -- ---------------- 3,208 0 2 Pendleton, Ark ---- - - - - - - - -- -- - ------------------------------ 44.5 ----- ---- ---- ---------------- 650 H Farelly Lake, Ark. - - - - - - -- - - - - - - ---....... 59 Left .. 2,450 -- - - - - - -- - - - ---------------- '2,450 Hannaberry Lake, Ark,_Ark---- 60 - - - -- - - - - - - - - -do-.. --- --- --- --- ---------------- 5,785 Cummins Bend, Ark---- 63 Right .. - - - -- ---- - 9,938 Mud Lake, Ark-------------- ------------------ 65.3 Left_ _. 880 --- --- --- --- - - - -- -- - - - - - - ----------------- 1880 Little Bayou Meto, rk Ark-.......................... 67 - - ---- ---- - ---------------- Abov Bayou, Rings Lum Ark_ayArkou, A------------------................... _ 75 -do --- ---------.....-- ----- ---- ---- ------------------ Richland Bend, Ark----_------------------------ 77 Right .... ---............. New Gascony, Ark_ ............--------- 81 ------------- ----------- ---------------- New Gascony (Trulock), Ark______ New Gascony (Madding), Ark_-------------- .________ ___ 83 Left ...... 83.7 -Right---do.... ----- ---- ---- ------------ "- ----------------- 12,890 Adkins Lake, Ark- ............----------- ----- - - - - - 85.5 Right ---- 13,048 Below Rob Roy, Ark__ ------------------ Above Plum Bayou, Ark----..... ------------ 87 91 ----------------- --- - - - ------ 11,134 0 ....... Leftdo---- 1 2,447 Below Fergus Crossing, Ark_............__ -_ ____......__.... 93.5-94.3 ..... Right .... 1,576 ------------------- 11,576 Pine Bluff,Ark-- - -- - - - --- - - - --...................96 . .do. . i '-" ----------- 6,627 -* Total dikes, Arkansas River___ 6,011 --------------. .-------------- ---......... 64,472 0 1 Constructed under appropriation for Rivers and Harbors. Report thereon included in Annual Report for work under Little Rock District. 2 Constructed under sec. 9, Flood Control Ac tapproved June 15, 1936. TABLE D-3. Memphis District [Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1956] Operations Fiscal Year 1956 Lost, destroyed, Above _,r nonoperative Operative on Location Head of Bank since June 30, June 30, 1956 0 Passes New work Extensions Repairs 1955 Miles Linear feet Linearfeet Squares Linear feet Linearfeet MISSISSIPPI RIVER Standard revetment: Henrico, Ark ------------------------------------ 598-601 Right..... 2,860 330 10,752 305 17,505 Knowlton, Ark_.-------------------------------- 613-616 .--- do-- 9,770 25 16,890 Island 67, Miss .................................... 617-618 Left. o..... 4,990 210 4,780 Ludlow, Ark -------------------------------------- 620-622 2,320 146 789 7,980 Rescue Landing, Miss-----..........---_- _______ 623-626 2,790 380 2,167 140 17,910 C' Fair Landing, Ark-.--------------------------------- 628-630 ........-.......- ................ 359 1108,o0o Burke Landing, Miss-................. 630-634 127 16,470 - Oldtown Bend, Ark..B ,A n r- . ---- ------------- --- "-----------____- 639-642 L ef t .._ _ Right. 43 16,260 j Horsewhoe, Miss:, _- - - - 642-645 325 16,845 r Westover, Ark ----------------------------------- 646-648 Right .... 247 12,820 Delta-Friars Point, Miss ._.. .......... ........ 648-654 T .ft- 388 30,120 O Helena, Ark,_ -------------------------------------- 655-660 Right---. 2,040 130 768 27,515 )J Trotters Landing, Miss-------.__------- 659-665 Left- --.....- - 2,274 32,905 St. Francis, Ark: ---------------------------------- 668-669 Right-64 6,490 - -------- 60 6,430 i Harbert Point, Miss ---------- ----------------------- 672-674 Left ------------- 12 15 7,605 Z Walnut Bend, Ark . Mhooi Bend, Miss- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- 675-680 Right- -- 680-686 Left-.......- --------- 330 ---- 240 1,151 144 27,220 36,128 - Peters, Ark. Riht..... -------------------------------------- 688-691 338 105 20,460 Z Commerce,, Miss-_ - ----------------------------------- 692-694 362 55 8,290 LJ Polks Landing, Miss_---------- -,:, ----- 696 11,094 M Porter Lake, Ark .... ,_,____ _---__ -- 695-702Right -- ----..------ -------- 334 135 36,155 Norfolk-Star, Miss_----------- ------ 703-709Left.d ... - 6,1--20 ............... ... 388 29,722 ca Cow Island Bend, Ark-_ ----------- ____--- 710-713Right- --- --------------- ----------------352 22,274 f~rnahrifl "ice , 714-715Left -------....... ..---------------------------- 396 120 5,930 !Dismal Point, Ark-... -ivanoma, 1-- 1.i-, L 133-------------------------------------- rll^ ' tll±l-,, -'ern,_ - - ------------------------ 720-722,-,_do-- -- ------------------ -------- 146 30 15,110 • 722-723Right---. 5,390 -- --------.--------- -- 130 5,260 Bauxippi-Wyanoke, Ark- -- 724-728 do ----------------- ----------- --- 11,134------- 23,300 Tennessee Chute, Tennrm__--------------- 728-730Left--- .-.-.- --- 8,850 Presidents Island, Tenn ----------------------- 728-730 - -3--- - ---- - -do6....20------------------ 12,395 Memphis Harbor, Tenn.---------- 731-733 ... do - - - - - - - - --...... 34 - 14,800 Densford, Tenn ------------------------ 760-761 .do . 6,120 Cedar Point, Tenn.------------ 762-763 Right .. 6,890 -do.. 6,889O Chute f Islands 35, Tenn---------..................---.................. 765-767 1,960 130 5,094 120 15,540 Bullerton Bar, Ark--------------------------..._...... 786-790 13,975 Osceola, Ark ...- ............ .... .... 790 ----- do--- -------------- -_, do---- -- -_---- ---------------------------- ,i-----------------60--- ------- -- 60 ---- 1,350 c Osceola, Ark_- -- ---- - -- - - - - - - 791 ---- 5,823 Q) Keyes Point, Tenn- .......------------------------------ 793-796 Left- ..... ...... 147 1-....---------- 14,849 Kate Auhrey, Tenn--...-..--------------.------.------- 796-797 Di4 .,l h . .b ..._ - - .- ................ -..----- I--- . ... 2,500 ------------ 805-808 I.,----- -.---- I- - - 1 11,173 22,730 Bendof Island 25,, Tenn-_.--------- 36,115 Barfield Ark--.,-....------------- ---------------- 809-815 Right .... 819-821 Left _..... 12,100 ................ 20,664 79 135 12,050 Tamm Bend, Tenn-- .......---------------------------- 20 26,254 Huffma--Hickman, Ark.-Tenn----------.. --- -------------- 825-830 832-834 1,650 557 50 11,135 Heloise, Tenn ------------.--------------------------- .............. Island No. 18, Mo.... --------------------------------- 834-838 Right: ... ................ 1,340 21,260 Linwood Bend, Tenn ..----....--------------------------------- 840-843 Left ..... 154 14,850 845-847 Right ..... .. - - - - - Bells Point, Mo-----........---- ----------------------- 5,420 Gayos-Caruthersville, Mo-- ......------------------------- 848-853 . . . .. . . . . . . . 145 25,600 Hathway Landing, Tenn------........----- --------------------- 856 Left _... ................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,000 Bend of Island No. 14, Tenn.------------------------------- 862-863 Right ..... ................ 30 12,050 Little Cypress, Mo .......--- -------- ------------- 868-870 ..... do.... 13,870 ....-.---------- ..... 120 ..... .... 13,750 Cherokee,Tenn-----------... ---------------------- 872-873 2,480 ................ -----------....- 2,480 874-877 i---oht-- 11 18,995 Merriwether Bend, Tenn.-----------.--------------------- ........ 4,787 ....... Linda, Mo.-- ------------- --------- ------------- 880-882 11,950 883-886 Left ..... .. .. . . ..--. . ..--.-------- .- ...- 45 ... ... 20,850 Below Toney's Towhead, Tenn.-----------.....- .--. 888-893 Right ..... 3,300 200 3,317 894 25 30,260 w 1'- New Madrid Bend, Mo-........------------------------------- -------.-..-.-..-..-.--..-..-.... 5,559 X12 New Madrid,Mo- -------- _--..--------- ---------------- 894-895 ..... din o... 10,140 . - -.......... ................ -.. I......................... .- ----- I------------- ... 10,140 897-898 ..... do-.... LaForge,Mo.----- ----- ------------------------- Slough Landing Neck, Tenn --.....--------- ------------- 902-906 Left__..... 911-913 .....do ... 6,635 ................ 5,673 --------------.. --------------- 22,100 6,635 Island 9, Ky ------------------------------------- 71 .....-.-.------- ---------------. 12,620 Chute of Island 8, Ky---------. .---.-------------------- 917-921 ..... do. ............... Bend of Island 8, M_.. .....................--------------- 922-924 Right..... --------------- ------------- - 9,800 Hickman-Reelfoot, Ky-------------- ---------------- 926-933 Left ._.. 120 20 33,549 Beckwith Bend, Mo--.------.--- ------------------- 933-936 Right_.... 75 14,648 Williams, Ky.--------------------- --------------- 937-938 Left ...... 500 273 60 6,120 Columbus, Ky .............................. .------------ 946-947 ._.do--....- ................ 43 ---------------- 3,860 5,890 948-949 Right..... ...-............- Pne;tm,v vi Vn o ---- ----- - -- -------------------- _~~ 953-954 Left ..--.. 720 .... ... ... ... 552 6,935 0 Campbell, Ky------------ riteard, . oV1 Wickliffe, Ky -.....---.....----- . ....--.--....--- . -- ..---.-- ....... ----- 956-959 Right.... ------------ 962-963 - .. ........................ ................ 30 4 .........-...... _..------------..- 25 15,140 6,270 Subtotal Memphis District_-...---.--.-.--...------ . .-- 93,575 1,795 98,102 1,835 1,033,155 Dikes: 27,010 0 Island No. 9-------------------------------------- 912-914 i Left.. . ..------------------..---------- (3) - Subtotal Memphis District__.........------.--..--..--- 27,010 z OHIO RIVER Above Cairo Gage Standard revetment: Cairo Front, Ill. ----------------------------------- 1 Right ..... 5,005 Below Cache River, Ill_-................- --------------- 2-4 ..... do-.... -- 25 ------ I -------- ----- ....---------------- i---------I--------- 9,527 utia t l M emp r i Drii u s-r I----------- i ---- i _ --- 25 .-.--.---.-.---.- 14,532 1Square = 10 feet X 10 feet (100 sq. ft.) 3 2Lin. ft. triangular frame retards and pile dikes. Submerged dike; status unknown. TABLE E-1. New Orleans District 00 [Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La., and levee operations for fiscal year 1956, as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, Jo 1928, as amended.] Operations fiscal year 1956 In system Built to Contents Required Estimated Location of levee when com- Built June approved June 30, to final 2 Percei nt pleted 1 30, 1956 grade and 1955 Mainte- Lost or Contents complete contents compl ete C section New work nance abandoned June 30, 1956 - - - - - - I- - -- 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Miles Miles Miles cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards MISSISSIPPI RIVER Lower Tensas__.. 15.5 313.5 3,780 395 4,175 5,820 9,995 42 Atchafalaya-._ ____.. _._... ..... _ 117.8 117.8 113.0 61,252 54 --------.-.---..--.--. 61,306 341 61,647 99 Lafourche._ _. ---...... 82.0 82.0 66.9 19,531 ............ --- --- --- 215 140 19,606 671 20,277 97 Barataria........ ..-----....... .... 71.9 71.9 54.2 9,862 13 ---------- 9,875 597 10,472 94 Pontchartrain, including 2.1 miles Baton Rouge front levee-......... 125.7 125.7 119.6 45,917 .--...----- ------------........ ----- 45,917 207 46,124 99 J Lake Borgne.-.-.-.--..-...-.....- 48.3 48.3 30.0 7,659 95 25 ............ 7,779 304 8,083 96 Grand Prairie_......--------- 15.0 15.0 6.0 711 711 49 760 94 Orleans Parish.__...__.. _...... 26.8 26.8 10.9 4,094 4 ------ . . . . . . --------------..-----.......... 4,098 352 4,450 92 O Total Mississippi River -..... 503.0 501.0",-- __ .400.6 ,: ... 152,806 548 • ,... 253f 140 . 153,467 . . ,.. , 8,341 . . . .161,808 .... 95 LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN, z JEFFERSON PARISH, LA. t-4 Lake Pontchartrain protection 17.4 levees-------------..............-------- 17.4 2.9 6,779 1,039 I------............----- 7,818 950 8,768 89 BONNET CARRE SPILLWAY Upper and lower guide levees....... 11.7 11.7 11.7 12,001 ------------ .......... 12,001 ---------- 12,001 100 hI LOWER RED RIVER Hotwells to Moncla, La_............ 60.0 60.0 4 60.0 20,819 ----------- ----------..--------- 20,819 1,250 22,069 94 ATCHAFALAYA BASIN AND FLOODWAY East bank Atchafalaya River---_. 50.8 50.8 49.2 21,308 21,339 125 21,464 Bayou des Glaises.........-........ 8.1 8.1 8.1 --- 23....--- 31 1,217 --------------------- 1,217 1,217 100 West bank Atchafalaya River ...... 61.3 61.3 59.3 10,867 23 --------- 10,890 110------ 11,000 99 e0 Simmesport Ring 1.6 L6 1.6 990 -------- - -- ----- - - 990 990 100 C M elv ille R in g ... __... 4.1 4.1 4.1 2,385 ------------ ------------ 2,385 -------- ---- 2,385 100 c Krotz Springs Ring----.......------ 1.7 .....................------... I------............ 12 ........................ 12 1,088 1,100 1 Mansura Hills to Hamburg......... 20.3 20.3 ) 20.3 4,943 .................................... 4,943 1............ 4,943 100 West protection levee, Hamburg to Berwick drainage canal via Calu- met, including 1.0 mile Berwick floodwall.-- ----------- 128.2 128.2 88.1 73,429 21 550 1---.---- 74,000 (6) Levees west of Berwick and the lower Atchafalaya River, Ber- wick drainage canal to Charen- ton drainage canal__-----.--.-- 60.9 59.0 55.9 11,539 58 .----------------..........---............-- 11,597 (5) Morganza upper guide levee-........ 9.0 9.0 9.0 5,477 ...--------------------- 5,477 ---------... 5,477 100 East protection levee, Morganza to Cutoff Bayou, including 19.6 miles of Morganza lower guide levee and 1.7 miles of floodwall at Morgan City-__--.-.. . 107.9 107.9 67.4 49,221 305 292 ---------- 49,818 (5) ! r 1 Total Atchafalaya Basin and 8----- H floodway----..............- 453.9 450.3 363.0 181,376 419 873 ----- 182,668 (5) I- Combined total....---...... 1,046.0 1,040.4 1 838.2 373,781 2,006 1,126 140 376,773 (5) 1Area protected from Mississippi River project flood-adopted project complete-is 23,621 square miles for entire project. 2Excluding yardage to be abandoned. a Including length of levee to be abandoned at the overbank and low sill structures and lower end of present levee under the Old River control project. M 4 Levees to grade, but minor deficiencies in section exist on approximately 19 miles. 6 Indeterminate pending completion of studies under way. 0 O TABLB E-2. Vicksburg District 00 [Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La., and levee operations for fiscal year 1956, as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 10 1928, as amended.] Operations fiscal year 1956 In system Built to Contents OcRequired Estimated Location of levee when com- Built June approved June 30, to final 2 Percent O pleted 1 30, 1956 grade and 1955 Mainte- Lost or Contents complete contents complete W section New work nance abandoned June30,1956 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Miles Miles Miles cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards MISSISSIPPI RIVER 1 Lower Yazoo ___ -.....___________ 2178.5 2178.5 169.2 191,233 327 36 0 191,560 4,421 195,981 98 Upper Tensas ------------------ -- _ 148.2 148.2 112.4 137,545 0 0 0 137,545 8,968 146,513 94 Lower Tensas--- ........ ------- -126.2 126.2 123.0 114,547 2,636 100 0 117,183 1,283 118,466 99 Subtotal Vicksburg District, - 452.9 452.9 404.6 443,325 2,963 136 0 446,288 14,672 460,960 97 YAZOO RIVER AND $ASIN HeadwR~ ater-- --- .......... .581.0 r49.0 519.0 1,546 479 0 0 2,025 52,975 55,000 4 Backwater_--.------.-.---- -. - - 98.0 1.0 1.0 160 0 0 0 160 24,840 25,000 1 Total Yazoo River and basin. 679.0 50.0 20.0 1,706 479 0 0 2,185 77,815 80,000 3 ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. North baik _ _..i . 67.5 45.5 29.5 12,241 1,595 14 0 13,850 13,136 26,986 51 L Southbank _ ----....................... 85.5 85.5 76.0 48,898 0 0 0 48,898 2,366 51,264. 905 Total Arkansas River . 153.0 131. 0 105.5 61,139 1,595 14 0 62,748 15,502 78,250 80 RED RIVtER ACWAT'E1 LEVEE, Total Red River backwater . 893.2 93.2 93.2 16,583 110 198--------- 6 16,693 0 6 16693 100 Airea protected from Mississippi River project flood-adopted project complete-- Includes 30 miles built to interim grade and section. is 23,621 square miles for entire project. 6 Includes 17 miles Greenwood protection works. 2 Includes 1.4 miles of concrete levee wall and 0.5 mile earth levee on Vicksburg City 6 Does not include approximately 900,000 cubic yards hydraulic fill placed in Smith- front. land Landing river crossings. SIncludes 29.0 miles,i Greenwood protection works, but does not include 2.5 miles 7 Includes 1.0 mile of highway embankment. of highway and railroad embankment to be utilized in project. 8 Does not include 2.1 miles of high ground where no levee was required. to TABLE E-3. Memphis District [Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La., and levee operations for fiscal year 1956, as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended.] Operations fiscal year 1956 In system Built to Contents Required Estimated Location of levee when com- Built June approved June 30, to final 2 Percent pleted 1 30, 1956 grade and 1955 Mainte- Lost or Contents complete contents complete section New work nance abandoned June 30, 1956 Miles Miles I Miles Icubic1,000yards 1,000 1 1,000 1,000 1,000 cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards 1,000 1,000 cubic yards cubic yards MISSISSIPPI RIVER H H Upper Yazoo.......----------.. 94 94 74 102,450 683 0 0 103,133 4,777 107,910 96 Tltoiville-Obion River-------.. 24 44 13 '-4 7;559 0 0 7,559 7,530 15,089 50 Slough Landing Neck Dike...---. 10 10 10 1,329 0 0 0 1,329 0 1,329 100 Reelf0oot------------- 323 23 23 13,903 0 0 0 13,903 0 13,903 100 White River backwater levee_..... 440 40 27 26,675 971. 0 0 27,646 1,829 29,475 94 White River--.....-------------- 5674 74 39 65,248 219 0 0 65,467 4,381 69,848 94 M Lower St. Francis.............------ 6212 212 202 131,358 22 0 0 131,380 4,468 135,848 97 Upper St. Francis_.. . 7122 122 97 48,406 0 0 2,460 45,946 3,750 49,696 93 .-4 Thebes to Cairo, Ill..............----------- 8 10 10 3 6,463 0 0 0 6,463 600 7,063 92 Subtotal Memphis District_... 629 609 488 403,391 1,895- 0 2,460 402,826 27,335 430,161 94 OHIO RIVER M Ohio River........-..---------- 95 5 5 3,644 0 0 0 3,644 0 3,644 100 . ST. FRANCIS RIVER Ct G 10o East bank,,..-......-............ 205 157 88 35,155 1111,306 0 0 1246,461 12,047 West bank ...... --.-- --- 152 10o 136 80 17,955 1,218 0 225 18,948 6,630 58,508 25,578 79 74 t0 z Subtotal Memphis District... 357 293 168 53,110 12,524 0 225 65,409 18,677 84,086 78 LITTLE RIVER, ARKANSAS East bank-_----------- 41 41 41 5,853 0 0 0 5,853 0 5,853 ' 100 West bank -- ---- 35: 35 35 4,099 0 0 0 4,099 0 4,099 100 Elk Chute.. . .---...... -.--.. 40 40 17 4,550 0 0 0 4,550 720 5,270 86 Subtotal Memphis District _- 116 116 93 14,502 0 0 0 14,502 720 15,222 95 See footnotes at end of table. 00 TABLE E-3. Memphis District---Continued to [Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La., and levee operations for fiscal year 1956, as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15 1928, as amended.] Li Operations fiscal year 1956 In system Built to Contents Required Estimated Location of levee when com- Built June approved June 30, to final 2 Percent C pleted 1 30, 1956 grade and 1955 Mainte- Lost or Contents complete contents complete 0 section New work nance abandoned June 30, 1956 F-3 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Miles Miles Miles cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubicyards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards 0 LITTLE RIVER, MISSOURI 1j Diversion channel_----------------- 1320 20 20 10,763 0 0 0 10,763 0 10,763 100 WHITE RIVER 0 Augusta to Clarendon-------------.............. 47 40 40 9,567 0 0 0 9,567 1,833 11,400 84 z Grand total Memphis District-------------------- 1,174 1,083 814 494,977 14,419 0 2,685 506,711 48,565 555,276 91 c IT 1 Area protected from Mississippi River project flood-Adopted project complete-- 8 Includes 6.3 miles of Cairo drainage district (Mississippi River) levee and 3.4 miles z 23,621 square miles for entire project. of 9Cairo City (Mississippi River) levee. 2 Excluding yardage to be abandoned. Includes 5.3 miles of levee from Cache River levee to end of floodwall at Cairo, Ill. ITI a Includes 1.4 miles of Hickman City levee and 21.2 miles of Mississippi River front 10Figures revised due to closer surveys. line levee -Hickman, Ky., to Bessie, Tenn. 11Gross excavation; upon completion of levee design, excess yardage will be shown 4 Extends from Old Town Lake, Ark., to Laconia Circle Levee, Ark. as abandoned. b Includes 67 miles of front line levee from Helena, Ark., to mouth of White River, 1t Includes 22,542,000 cu. yds. gross channel excavation; upon completion of design CD Ark., and 6.6 miles of Laconia back circle levee. of Madison-Marianna levee, excess quantity will be shown as abandoned. 6 From New Madrid, Mo., to mouth of St. Francis River, Ark. is Includes 13.9 miles of main line diversion levee; 2.7 miles of Ransey Creek levee; 2 Includes 84.8 miles of front line levee from Commerce to New Madrid, Mo. and and 2.9 miles of Sals Creek levee. 37.1 miles of Birds Point-New Madrid setback levee. cfl tC TABLE E-4 [Yardage placed in levees and levee operations for fiscal year 1956, as provided for in sec. 6 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, as amended] Operation fiscal year 1956 Built to Estimated In system Built approved Contents final Percent Approxi- Location of levee when June 30, grade and June 30, Built by Lost Contents Required contents complete mate area completed 1956 section 1955 United or June 30, to protected States abandoned 1956 complete 19 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Square Miles Miles Miles cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards Miles CO St. Louis District C Co MISSISSIPPI RIVER 4- Clemens Station, Mo. to mouth of Missouri River --.-... ---- 28 28 25.6 25.6 Mouth of Illinois River to Prairie 1 du Pont, Ill----------.. .. G . 20 20 27.1 27.1 3 - Prairie du Pont, Ill., to Grand Tower, Ill_ 0 0 0 0 0 Mouth of Missouri River to Cape Girardeau, Mo 4 4 57.2 57.2 2 Grand Tower, Ill., to Thebes, Il1_- 46 46 1,252.4 1.252,4 8 0 0 Rock Island District Rock Island to New Boston, Ill..... 31.4 31.4 31.4 4,361 40 4,401 4,401 100 9 44 I I I - - I I I11 1I Total Mississippi River...... 129.4 129.4 34.4 5,723.3 40 5,763.3 4.401 CO 6 61 C I I I I I-r I I I 1 New Orleans District RED RIVER Moncla to Lake Long_............ 20.7 9.5 9.5 30.1 120 0 150 241.1 391.1 38 (1) Vicksburg District ARKANSAS RIVER Farelly Lake levee district.......... 736 0 0 736 0 736 100 (1) See footnotes at end of table. TABLE E-4---Continued [Yardage placed in levees and levee operations for fiscal year 1956, as provided for in sec. 6 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, as amended] Operation fiscal year 1956 In system Built Built to Contents Estimated Approxi- nIJ Location of levee when June 30, approved June 30, final Percent mate area completed 1956 grade and 1955 Built by Lost Contents Required contents complete protected 0 Li section United or June 30, to States abandoned 1956 complete , J ...... 0 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Sbuare Miles TMliles Miles cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards Miles VicklburgDistrict., OUACHITA RIVER Bel6w Moinrbe, La... .. _.... O Bawcomville, La.-----............. 61.8 3.1 61.8 3.1 61.81 3.1 3,330 283 0 0 00 3,330 283 S 3,330 100 100 50.0 1.6 0 Total Ouachita River......... "- i * ' I I I 1 I . . i 64.9 64.9: 64.9 3,613 --- --- 1 3,6138'I 0 I--------------c I 3,613 I 100 51.6 YAZOO RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES 8.7 8.7 8.7 735 0 0 735 0 735 100 75.8 Memphis District F, WHITE RIVER Horn Lake, Ark -.................. 1.8 1.8 1.8 50.1 0 0 50.1 0 50.1 100 (1) Louisville District L"1 oHIo RIVER Shawneetown, Ill.................. 3.8 3.8 3.8 315.5 0 0 315.5 0 315.5 100 1.3 St. Louis District ILLINOIS RIVER Havana, Ill., to Beardstown, Ill .. 25 25 8 1,610 0 0 1,610 .................................... 24 Beardstown, Ill., to mouth of Illi- nois River . .--............ 166 166 127 15,940.0 0 0 15,940.0 ------........... 172 ............----------............ Total Illinois River-.......... 291 291 135 1 17,550 0 17,550 ............ 196 0 1Unknown. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1897 TABLE E--5 [Yardage placed in repairing levees on tributaries of the. Mississippi River threatened or destroyed by flood as provided for in sec. 9 of the act of June 15, 1936.] Built since July 1, 1955 VICKSBURG DISTRICT Thousands of cubic yards Yazoo River and tributaries: Pelucia drainage....---------------------------------------------- ---------------- 16 Abiaca drainage....... --------------------------------------------------- 6 Ascalmore drainage---------------------------------- ---------------------- 12 Total --------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 TABLE E-6 [Effective levee wave-wash protection built during fiscal year and protection structures in place June 30, 1956] 00 00 Above In place Operations Fiscal Year 1956 Lost or Operative on Location Head Bank June 30, 1955 destroyed during June 30, 1956 of Passes New work Maintenance fiscal year 1956 New Orleans District Miles Linear feet Linearfeet Linear feet Linearfeet Linear feet Li 0 Barataria levee district-............. ............ 10-81 Right .-.-.-... SP 162,232 ..................- SP 7,007 SP.......169,239 WR 163,485 .......-..........- WR 1,642 WR 4,918 WR 158,567 SE 16,115 SE 13,107.................- SE 29,222 1 ----------.-...-.-- 0 Total ----------------------- ----------- 325,717 -- .---.------ 8,649 4,918 327,806 Right--........... ---- - Lafourche levee district_......_.__________......._. 95-175 Right........ .. SP 95,501 -------- ------------------------------------ SP 95,501 WR 1,475 ---------- --------------------------------- WR 1,475 SE 1,360 -------- ----------------------------------- SE 1,360 Total.......- 96,976 ---------------------------------- ------------------ 96,976 Grand Prairie levee district_ _---...............-. 12-25 Left............. SP 26,299 . .---------------- SP 820 --------- ----- SP 26,299 WR 25,623 .........----. -- - WR 1,751 .....-----. WR 25,623 SE 1,350 ....-.-------- SE 1,350 Total ------------------------------------------ 51,922 ....--------.-. --- 2,571 ... _--------.- 51,922 Lake Borgne levee district...-------............. 45-91 Left............. SP 113,959 SP 4,254 ------------------------------ SP 118,213 zLT WR SE _WR 41,444 ------------.--- 4,475 SE 3,350 SE 806 WR 10,503 - 709 WR SE .------------ 40,735 17,178 zt7J2 Total----------------------------- .- . ... .. - -...... -......... 155,403 4,254 806 709 158,948 Pontchartrain levee district_...-.-................ 104-228 Left............. SP 21,402------ .-........------------------ . -.-.. SP 21,402 SE 1,480-- ___---- ----.---------- S---------------1,480 SE Total...........----------------------- 21,402 ---. -------- ..- .----------------- 21,402 Orleans levee district..----.--.....-.---......-.--- 91-104 Left............. SP 11,160 ----------------------------------- SSP-------- 11,160 Total........ ..- ....- .-- ----.-. ----...-- WR -- 3,400 1AM I -WR SE ----------------- SE---2,448- I BE 2,448 --------------------- 248SE I SE---------- 3,400 2,448 2,448 IA KMn S ._ ----- _ ,_ _------- ----------- I--------------____ 14,i6U i Orleans levee district ............................. 81-95 Right .......... SP 6,225 SP 547 SP 4,832 SP 11,604 WR 22,506 .-- ...- ...-...... WR 2,873 WR 19,633 .. SE 550 SE 3,350 SE 3,900 j 1 I -- -- Total--------------------------------------- 28.731 547 4.832 { w vasa~vvrr~v 7 2.873 Vvat 31.237 w 1Shore erosion (which includes levee toe protection) supplements slope paving and wooden revetment and is not included in totals. WR = Wooden revetment SP . Slope paving SE = Shore-erosion protection TABLE F-1. New Orleans District [New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1956] In project when complete Completed June 30, 1956 Operations during fiscal year Location of improvement Year Percent initth complete ated Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Bayou des Glaises diversion channel----------... --------------- 1938 2,222,845 -------------- 2,222,845 -----------........---------------------------- 100 Bayou Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie ----------------------- 1946 19,482,158 23.3 16,482,158 13.3 ---------------------------- 79 Charenton drainage and navigation canal.-.. . 1939 .---------- 10,878,835------.-. 10,878,835 ---------------------------------------.. 100 Wax Lake Outlet---... ----------------- -------------- 1938 57,546,196 .--------------57,546,196 -----------.....---------------------------- 100 Atchafalaya Basin floodway------------------------------- 1933 201,882,764 -------------- 162,536,062 -------------- 7,240,840 -------------- 81 Morganza floodway--------- ---- ------------------ 1941 1,321,753 .........-------... 1,321,753 --------------------------------------- 100 Devils Swamp barge channel-------- -------------------- ---------- 17,000,000 -- 0 .....------------------------------------ 0 (/ 0 (/ o/ TABLE F-2. Vicksburg District [New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1956] In project when complete Completed June 30, 1956 Operations during fiscal year Lxi Location of improvement Year Percent initi- complete e ated Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out 0 Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles O YAZOO BASIN HEADWATEE, MISS. Coldwater River.- ------------------------------------- 1941 9,896,662 46.70 9,896,662 46.70 0 10 100 Arkabutla Canal------------------------------------ 1948 80,600 0 80,600 0 0 55 . Tallahatchie River._------------------------------------- 110.00 3,476,401 110.00 0 100 1940 7,361,401 Little Tallahatchie River and Panola Quitman floodway-........ 1939 1,170,428 33.19 1,170,428 33.19 0 Yocona River ---------------------------------------- 1952 606,181 0 606,181 0 0 100 Bobo Bayou----------------------------------- 1944 423,000 4.00 423,000 4.00 0 100 X Cassidy Bayou--------------------------------------- 1943 10,537,793 47.60 3,032,793 47.60 0 33 10 - Yalobusha River_- ------------------------------------- 1939 6,336,584 42.05 6,336,584 42.05 0 rtUl1ci '-'IVu k- - - - - - - - - - - - - 1953 1,299,000 2.90 0 2.90 0 Yazoo River. ------- -- f 6------ --------- ----- -- -- - -- -- - 1941 5,105,773 0 4,201,773 0 0 82 Lower auxilary cnanne---------------------------------------- 1956 14,500,000 0 1,030,224 0 1,030,224 0 Tcula e ........ ...--------- 244,700 31.50 ...------------------------------------- 0 0 0 BIG SUNFLOWER RIVER, ETC., MISS. 0 xj Big Sunflower River-------------------------------- - -1947 5,100,000 199.70 57,100 19.22 57,100 Quiver River--------- -------------------------------- 1947 1,507,000 55.50 0 16.15 0 Deer Creek----; - ---------------------------------- 1947 73,120 2.04 73,120 2.04 0 100 0 97 Stele Bayou--,,-.---- I----------------, -------------------- 1947 3,451,464 45,40 3,451,464 31.94 0 Big Sunflower River tributaries-------,---------------------- ----- 2,348,000 215.50 0 0 0 Quiver River tributaries--, -_.,... 0 18.4 0 0 0 0 Steele Bayou tributaries ------------- ----------..... .... 0 43.6 0 0 0 0 BOEU' AND TENSAS BASINS, ARK. AND LA. Bayou Lafourche La------------------------------------ 1949 35,815,784 1.10 35,815,784 1.10 0 0 100 100 U' Big and Colewa Creeks, La-- ---------------- .----.----- -- 1947 14,375,025 34.01 14,375,025 34.01 0 0 0 0 e. Tensas River, La_,,---------------------------------------- 1947 1,091,965 86.16 1,091,965 86.16 0 0 100 - Boeuf River, Ark, and La-- --- _------------------------ :1953 20.937,166 27.80 20,937.166 10.03 4,226,156 10.03 98 Big Bayou, Ark....................-----------------------------------------1952 1,834,&500 17.54 1,689,562 17.54 555,000 7.54 Bayou Macon, Ark. and La... ... . ..-----------------. 0 170.00 0 0 0 0 0 00 Canal 19, Ark...------------------- ----- ---------- 14,500,000 0 0 0 0 0 Canal 43, Ark- -------------------------------.---------- 1956 600,000 24.50 0 1.5 0 1.5 Canal81, Ark.-------------..------_-.--- -------- 1,735,000 15.90 0 0 0 0 BAYOU METO BASIN, ARK. Bayou Meto........---------------------------------------- --------- 9,940,000 19.90 0 .0 0 0 0 Little Bayou Meto and Salt Bayou-------------- --------------- 5,650,000 10.92 0 0 0 0 0 Wabbaseka Bayou-. .---------------------------------------------- 353,000 20.10 0 0 0 0 0 Bradley Slough-----------..................---------- ------------------------ 470,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Does not include approximately 1,500,000 cubic yards of channel excavation completed by local interests in the lower 26 miles of the stream. TABLE F-3. Memphis District [New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1956] In project when complete Completed June 30, 1956 Operations during fiscal year Location of improvement Year Percent initi- complete ated Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out -4 Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles West Memphis drainage project, Ark___------------------------ 1951 1,747,321 2.2 1,747,321 2.2 0 0 100 Mississippi County Drainage District No. 17, Ark-............ . 1947 1,068,302 0 1,068,302 0 0 0 100 1i= Cross County project ditch, Ark....--------------------------1942 7,710,454 0 7,710,454 0 0 0 100 Tyronza River, Ark--. ..--------------------.------. 1939' 2,795,160 0 2,795,160 0 0 0 100 Birds Point-New Madrid, intercepting ditch enlargement, Samos and vicinity, Mo-------------------------------------- 1952 284,989 4.6 284,989 4.6 0 0 100 Mississippi River, western Tennessee tributaries (backwater area)------------------------------------------------ . 1952 4,890,000 25.0 161,653 0 0 0 1 Cache River, Ark- -- -.- -- ...-------------------------- (1) 97,000,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 L'Anguille River, Ark------------------------------------ (1) 16,000,000 23.5 0 0 0 0 0 - Mississippi River Below Cape Girardeau West Tennessee tribu- taries -.-------- -------------------------------------- (1) 15,900,000 160.0 0 0 0 0 0 St. Francis River Mo. and Ark-------- --------------------- 1953 75,557,000 16.0 22,542,063 0 11,306,034 0 30 Reelfoot Lake Area, Ky. and Tenn. Bayou du Chien, Ky. and Temnn- - ------------------------------------------ (1) 215,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 Running Reelfoot Bayou, Tenn----------------------------- 1955, 2,597,000 -------------- 629,607 0 629,607 0 24 1Authorized, but no work started. I- -- 1902 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 TABLE G. Costs during fiscal year 1956 Costs Construction Maintenance Other FEDERAL FUNDS Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries: Memphis District: General investigations---....................... $136,541.66 Mississippi River levees---..................... $491,125.32 ................ $370,777.12 Memphis Harbor ........ ---------- 746,169.71 St. Francis Basin ........ 1,826,811.85 218,370.97 Lower White River_._____________ 212,433.12 61,193.68 Reelfoot Lake-------------------------.................................. 86,861.79 ................ Channel improvement. 10,064,560.84 6,357,491.42 ................ Mapping emr-en- ------------------ 100,415.21 36,422 34 Flood-control emergencies .................... ................- ................- Subtotal........ ...... ....... ...... ..... 13,528,377.847,044,255.53 136,541.66 Vicksburg District: General investigations_......................... 127, 848.63 Advance engineering and design----........... 77,542.20 ................ Mississippi River levees....................... 789,725.46 349,609.03 ................ Levees under sec. 6---...---.................... 38,569.44 Lower Arkansas River____ _____-__ 780,744.78 42,427.88 Tensas Basin----............................-- 1,517,354,85 138,143.60 -----,,,,,,,,,,,, ................ Yazoo Basin--------__------- -- 1,999,182.51 880,233.46 -- r-rrr---rr---- Channel improvement._______ _-___ 8,471,532.023,840,030.24 rr -------------- - Mapping-..----------------------------- 102,812.35 ................ Flood-control emergencies ..................... 97,732.05 Subtotal._ ..... ..... ..... ..... .....- ... 13,777,463.615,348,176.26 127,848.63 New Orleans District: uenerai minvestlgations------------------------ I--- Mississippi River levees........................ 254,275.91 1,236,378.76 Levees under sec. 6------_-_------- 24,097.72 Lower Red River_.______________ 3,442.93 242,992.81 Old River control mergene..s................. 2,832,797.16 Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries................ 18.41 19,868.96 ,.... 10.. ................ ... Lake Pontchartrain ....................... 692,775.45 Atchafalaya Basin---........................ 3,170,240.31 1,573,386.48 Channel improvement-------------- 1,549,259.84 1,034,676.69 M apping----.....- ------- -- 57,283.14 Flood-control emergencies ..... ________ ................- 4,862.95 ederau......................... Subtotal_.. 8,584,190.87 4,112,165.65 102,935.29 Rock Island District: Levees under sec. 6_ 13,858.74---------.---.. . Washington District (Office, Chief of Engineers): General investigations_......................_ . .....----.-------.---. ------- 49,998.00 Subtotal_ -------...................... 13,858.74---------------- 49,998.00 Total Federal funds------- .......... . 35,903,891.06 16,504,597.44 417,323.58 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Levees under section 6: Rock Island District_-.._---------- 6,929.37 --.----------------------- Vicksburg District-_-____________- 40,632.70 .........-----------................ New Orleans District--_____________ 17,326.92 .........---------------................ Lake Pontchartrain, La. (New Orleans District) .. _.. 17,285.30 Total contributed funds__.................. 82,174.29------------- ------------ Grand total, Federal and contributed funds---... 35,986,065.35 16,504,597.44 417,323.58 MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1903 'ABLE H-1. Costs to June 30, 1956 Costs Existing project 1 New Work Maintenance Other FEDERAL FUNDS Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries: General investigations.............................. -- $483,234.07 Construction (Includes advance engineering and design).........--------------------------------$836,267,646.01 Maintenance....... ----------------- ------- -- $245,058,299.79 -.----- Flood-control emergencies------ ------------------------ 14,808,036.22 -------------.. . Additional appropriations not under Flood Control act authorizations...--..--.. ---..------------------- 26,763,728.32 5,305,180.18 .--.--..... Total Federal funds---.............................. 863,031,374.33 265,171,516.19 483,234.07 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Flood control except for emergencies-----------------.................... 2, 780, 851.01 353,947. 85 ............... Flood-control emergencies-----------.............- . . 2,866.78 ------------ . Total contributed funds_.--.-----. --.--. 2,780,851.01 356,814.63 ------------. Grand total Federal and contributed funds--....... 865,812,225.34 265,528,330.82 483, 234.07 1 For data covering costs under previous project, see p. 1808, Annual Report for Fiscal Year 1944, and p. 1682, Annual Report for Fiscal year 1937. 3 Includes maintenance expenditures since August 18, 1941, not chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations, amounting to $199,936,929.29. TABLE H-2. Statement of costs to June 30, 1956, incurred for the construc- tion and repairof levees by the United States Government on existing project under supervision of the president, Mississippi River Commission (includes all costs from Federal and contributed funds under secs. 6 and 7 of Flood Control Act approved May, 15, 1928, and under sec. 9 of FLood Control Act approved June 15, 1936 and expenditures from the beginning of earliest records through December 31, 1955, for similar purposes by States, local levee districts and communities interested, covering yardage placed, rights- of-way, engineering expenses, repair work, crevasse closing, high-water expenses, interest, etc.) 1 Costs incurred from Federal funds from levees through June 30, 1956 Engineer district New work Maintenance i - I--- I-- - - - Memphis District: Section 6------------------------- ------------------ $108,651.24 $6,800,00 Sections 7 and 9---....------------- ------------------------------. 3,453,809.81 All other: Flood protection, White River, Woodruff, and Monroe .I Conntieq. Ark--------------------------------------- 252.SR 59 MississippiRiver levees------------------------------ 76,902,016.3511,695,334.41 White River backwater levee, Ark .. ---------------------- 7,544,693.10 428,036.38 Augusta to Clarendon, Ark. (part for levees) .................... 1,986,458.05 26,212.47 Des Arc, Ark. (part for levees) ........o............ee ......... 178,924.84 DeValls Bluff, White River, Ark. (part for levees)............ 241.84 New Madrid floodway (part for levees) ........................ 3,144,130.59 972.48 St. Francis Basin (part for levees) ---...................... 13,167,855.57 452,931.07 Subtotal (Memphis District).---.......................... 103,285,335.1716,064,096.62 See footnotes at end of table. 1904 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Costs incurred from Federal funds from levees through June 30, 1956 Engineer district New work Maintenance Vicksburg District: Section 6----- - ---------------------------------------- 574,823.25 124,373.63 Sections 7 and 9----------------- All other: ----------------------- ---- 6,752,560.71 Mississippi River levees __---- ----------------------------- 63,695,790.1111,348,512.45 Arkansas River levees, Ark ---..-------------------------- 18,297,252.70 2,720,335.71 Boeuf and Tensas Basin (part for levees)...-------------------- 2,649,295.24 163,313.97 Vicksburg Harbor (part for levees)---------------____-------- 17,804.99 Yazoo Basin (part for levees)-- ----------------------------- 2,990,633.97 317,539.54 Red River backwater levees, La ----------------------------- , 7,659,794.47 320,846.64 Jonesville,La------------------------------------------........................... 509,399.54 . Subtotal (Vicksburg District)------ -------------------- 96,394,794.27 21,747,482.65 New Orleans District: Section 6------------------------------------------------- 124,694.16 160,951.69 Sections 7 and 9- ---.----------------------- ------ -.. .-------- 1,723,940.00 All other: Mississippi River levees (excludes Bonnet- Carre spillway levees) -------------------------------------------- 42,165,778.23 22,181,186.72 South bank Red River levees - ---- --- 8,134,642.39 2,519,424.93 Rights-of-ways and flowage, Bayou des Glaises setback---------....... 387,917.22 Atchafalaya Basin floodway, La. (part for levees).---.-.-. ..-- 55,534,166.79 4,415,387.76 Morganza floodway, La. (part for levees)..-------------------- 2,291,678.89 63,915.65 Bonnet Carre spillway (part for levees)--------------------- 3,3294173.38 ........ Lake Pontchartrain, La. (part for levees)_- -......---....... . 2,931,351.25 1,053,875.65 Subtotal (New Orleans District)_.........-.-. -....... 114,899,402.3132,118,682.40 Other districts Omaha District (sec. 7 and 9)- --------- . . ..---------------.-.....--- . 101,487.50 Kansas City District (sec. 7)------------------------------------------------ 25,000.00 Rock Island District: Section 6---- Section Section 7---------------------- 7 ---------------... -------------------- -- ---------------- --------------. 2789,325.83 ----- 16,785.64 166,785.64 St, Louis District: Section 6---- .------------------ ----------------- 1,968,156.54 ...----... Section 7---------------. . ..--- .---------------- --- 29,787.22 Cincinnati (sec. 9)- ------ ------------- -----------------------............--- 9,688.77 Louisville District (see. 9)- ------...........................-----------.... 17,860.80 Tulsa District (secs. 7 and 9) -------------------------------------------- 395,806.34 Little Rock District (sees. 7 and 9)_-- - -------- --------------- 2,129,108.73 Subtotal (other districts)----.-.........-..... ---.-.... -2,758,082.37 2,875,525.00 Total Federal Funds-------- ........ 317,337, 614.12 72, 805, 786.67 Costs incurred from contributed funds for levees through June 30, 1956 New work Maintenance Rock Island District: Section 6 ------------------------------------------------ 4 $391,709.88 - Section 7---------------------- --------.--.--.-- -- ---- $2,079.22 St. Louis District: Section 6 ---------------- ----------------------------- . - 988,577.890 ......... Tulsa District (secs. 7 and 9)----------. .... ...... 167.04 Memphis District (sec. 6)-------- ---------------------------- 54,397.64......... Memphis District (Mississippi River levees) 22,024.82_cbrDsit Vicksburg District: Jonesville, La--------.... --------------- ------ ... 100, 00.00 ..... Section 6---- ..----------------------------- SectIon 6 .... ....... 236, ----------------- 36,06.27 001.27 27,603.21 -27,603.21 Sections 7 and 9-------------------- .-- -------------- - ------------------ 620.52 Mississippi River levees...-. .-------------------- 14,7-1. ............. New Orleans District: Section 6....-- ------------------------------------------------ 51,046.00 23,354.14 Mississippi River levees.-... - . .------------------------ 40 0000Q 271,600.00 South bank Red River levees_-.- --... .......-....-.............. 4,200.00 ............... Lake Pontchartrain, La.....------------------------------------ 841,690.36 .............. Total contributed funds.---.-............................... 2,744,473.85 325,424.13 Grand total, Federal and contributed funds....................... 320,082,087.97 73,131,210.80 MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1905 Expenditures for levees by State and local organizations Engineer district reporting from beginning of earliest available records through December 31, 1955 Rock Island District -------. _---- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- $5,597,598.60 St. Louis District---------- ---------------------------------------------- 25,426,094.72 Memphis District------ -------------------------------------------------- 97,980,428.59 Vicksburg District ------------------------------------------------------- 62,939,272.28 New Orleans District ____-................-_-----_---. _._ -------------- ......... 140,293,135.75 Total--------...........------------------------------------..--...---------------... 332,236,529.94 1For net expenditures on previous project by the United States Government for same purpose (U. S. funds, $81,857,583.68; and contributed funds, $16,177,994.67), see p. 1738, Annual Report for Fiscal year 1937. 2 Includes $1,145.42 a Includes 18,142.13 expended by the Northern District, St. Louis, Mo., in Fiscal Year 1929 on existing 4 Includes 572.72 project. The Northern District was then abolished and its works transferred to SIncludes 9,071.06 the Rock Island and St. Louis Districts. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956, includ- ing fiscal years 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 priorto 1952 General investigations: Allotted _......_ ............ ........................ - - - -$77,767 $408,500 $486,267 Costi -inc1--------- .-- --........... . -- 65,910 417,324 483,234 Construction (includes advance engineering and design): ............ Allotted---------- $45, 330,106 $43,384,677 $12,159,685 32,546,144 35,490,454 867,135,787 Cost----- - ___- 42,789,118 52,207,484 50,581,609 30,929,971 35,903,891 863,031,374 Maintenance: .Allotted............. 15,169,894 16,635,323 13,828,855 14,326,089 16,063,546 250,787,406 Cost...- -------- 15,216,552 16,654,460 13,778,682 13,865,818 16,402,002 250,363,480 Flood-control emergen- gies (maintenance): Allotted ............. 800,000 297,382 ...------------ 6,618 ............ 14,885,922 Cost.--- ---------- 238,757 489,055 114,385 297,814 102,595 14,808,036 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956__ $984,367 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957--------------- ---------------------- 47,145, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957_ 48,129, 367 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________________ 2 363, 508, 398 1 Appropriations were as follows: Appropriations chargeable against Flood Control Act authori- zations: Flood Control, Mississippi River and tributaries except for emergencies (excludes maintenance allotments August 18, 1941 through June 30, 1956, $200,360,855.23): Net total allotted for works under Mississippi River Commission..---------..........----------------------- $885,493,429.51 Allotted for surveys under sec. 10 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928 (not under Mississippi River Commission) ---------------------------------- 4,995,214.54 Transferred to revolving fund ---------------------- 24,944,460.35 Impounded savings-. ------------------------------- 1,593,097.16 $917,026,201.56 Flood-control emergencies: Net total allotted ---.------------------------------ 14,885,922.02 Impounded savings- . .--------------------------------- 14,377.98 14,900,300.00 _ Subtotal. ---------------------------------------------------------- 931,926,501.56 1906 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Additional funds not chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations: Appropriations for Flood Control, Mississippi River and tributaries except for flood-control emergencies: General investigations----------------------- -- 486,267.21 Maintenance allotments August 18, 1941 through June 30, 1956------------------------------------- 200,360,855.23 Appropriations in addition to appropriations for Flood Con- trol, Mississippi River and tributaries (itemized in footnote (1), pp. 2068 and 2069, Annual Report for fiscal year 1953).- 32,068,908.50 Subtotal- ------------------------------------------------- 232,916,030.94 Grand total. -----------------------.--.---------------------- 1,164,842,532, 50 Reconciliation of appropriations and allotments: Total allotted to June 30, 1956 (ENG Form 1239). . ..------------------------ 1,133,295,382.47 Transferred to revolving fund-d-o--1 M .------ .----.--- 24,944,460.35 Surveys under Sec. 10 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928 (not under Miss. River Commission)..-.-..-..-.----..............-. 4,995,214.54 Impounded savings withdrawn by Chief of Engineers..--...................... 1,607,475.14 Total appropriated to June 30, 1956..------------------- -----------. . 1,164,842,532. 50 Appropriations 96X3112 for five years were as follows: Fiscal year 1952_ ---------------------------------------------------- 60,500,000.00 Fiscal year 1953---------------------------------------------------- 60, 020,000.00 Fiscal year 1954--------- ------------------------------------------- 51,433,000.00 Fiscal year 1955. ---------------------------------------------------- 46,450,000.00 Fiscal year 1956-- ------ . _...-. .--.----. . . . . 51,962,500.00 2 Amount unappropriated is computed as follows: Appropriations authorized except for flood-control emergencies_ ----------------. $1,327,679,600.00 Appropriations authorized for flood-control emergencies (main- tenance) --- ---- --------------------------------------------- 25,000,000.00 Total authorizations ---------------------------------------------- 1,352,679,600.00 Appropriations for Flood Control, Mississippi River and tribu- taries chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations: Appropriations chargeable except for flood-control emer- gencies: Through fiscal year 1956------....... -------------- - $917,026,201.56 For fiscal year 1957: Advance engineering and design -------------------- 100,000.00 Construction--------------------------------........................................ 47,045,000.00 964,171,201.56 Appropriations for flood-control emergencies (includes appro- priations prior to July 1, 1953 and allotments thereafter)------------------- 14,900,300.00 Total appropriations chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations...- .--.-------.. --. -----.-..-.-.------.----- 979,071,501.56 Amount unappropriated: For all works except for flood-control emergencies. ..-------------------------- 363,508,398.44 For flood-control emergencies (maintenance). ..------------------------------ 10,099,700.00 Total.----------- ---------------------------------------------- 373,608,098.44 Maintenance allotments except for flood-control emergencies August 18, 1941, through June 30, 1956, amounting to $200,360, 855.23 and portions of the $62,791,000 appropriated for fiscal year 1957, which have been programmed for maintenance ($15,000,000) and for general investigations ($646,000), are excluded from the charges against Flood Control Act authorizations. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1907 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Contributed-------- ------------ $49,114 $111,294 $211,667 $260,986 $3,065,626 Cost -------------- $29,335 36,354 71,118 170,704 82,174 2,780,851 Maintenance: --4,684 Contributed- .....-------.. 271,600 ------------ ------------------------ 1356,815 Cost----------------- 16,070 271,600 ----------------------- ------------ 1356,815 1 Includes $2,866.78 contributed for flood-control emergencies. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956-------- $284, 775 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ________--------------------------- 284, 775 BEACH EROSION BOARD The Beach Erosion Board was organized under authority of section 2 of the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930 (PL 520, 71st Cong.) which authorized and directed the Chief of Engineers under the direction of the Secretary of the Army to cause investigations and studies to be made, in cooperation with public agencies of the various States, to devise effective means of preventing erosion of the coastal and Great Lakes shores by waves and currents. To furnish the technical advice and assistance required in this program, the Chief of Engin- eers was directed to form a board of seven members to assist in the conduct of studies, review the reports on such investigations and submit recommendations. By executive ruling the agency applying for a cooperative study under this act is required to con- tribute 50 percent of the estimated cost of the investigation. Each study results in a report containing plans and specific recommenda- tions as to methods or means to improve or remedy a condition at a particular locality. A summary of such cooperative studies follows: Number of applications for studies approved prior to July 1, 1955 ___ 91 Number of applications for studies approved during fiscal year 1956 '__ 4 Number of reports completed prior to July 1, 1955 __-- 97 Number of reports completed during fiscal year 1956 5 - -- -- - - -- --- -- - Number of studies remaining to be completed 2_______ 14 1 Does not include 1 additional report approved for continuing study of State of California. 2 These studies involve 19 localities and will result in 19 reports. Section 5 of the River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935 (PL 409, 74th Cong.) provided that every report submitted to Congress looking to the improvement of the entrance at the mouth of any river or at any inlet for navigation contain information concerning the configuration of the shoreline and the probable effect of the proposed improvement on the coastline for a distance of not less than 10 miles on either side of the entrance. The basic law authorizing beach erosion studies was supplemented by the act approved July 31, 1945 (PL 166, 79th Cong.), which made it the duty of the Chief of Engineers, through the Beach Erosion Board, in addition to participating in cooperative investigations under the basic law, to make general investigations with a view to preventing erosion of the shores of the United States by waves and currents and determining the most suitable methods for the pro- tection, restoration and development of beaches; and to publish from time to time such useful data and information concerning the erosion and protection of beaches and shorelines as the Board may deem to be of value to the people of the United States. Federal participation in the cost of protecting the shores of publicly owned property was established in the act approved August 13, 1946 (PL 727, 79th Cong.) which declared it to be the policy of the United States to assist in the construction, but not the maintenance, of works for the improvement and protection against erosion by waves and currents of the shores of the United States that are owned by States, municipalities, and other political 1909 1910 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 divisions; provided that the Federal contribution toward the con- struction of protective works shall not in any case exceed one-third of the costs and that the plan of protection shall have been specific- ally adopted and authorized by Congress after investigation and study by the Beach Erosion Board. The word "shores" as used in the act includes all the shorelines of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, the Gulf of Mexico, the Great Lakes, and estuaries and bays directly connected therewith. At the end of fiscal year 1956 the board was composed of the following members: Brigadier General Theron D. Weaver, U. S. Army, President; Brigadier General Henry J. Hoeffer, U. S. Army, Division Engineer, South Atlantic Division; Brigadier General William F. Cassidy, U. S. Army, Division Engineer, South Pacific Division; Colonel Clarence Renshaw, U. S. Army, Division Engi- neer, North Atlantic Division; Mr. Thorndike Saville of New York, Dean of the College of Engineering, New York University; Mr. Morrough P. O'Brien of California, Dean of the College of Engi- neering, University of California; Dr. Lorenz G. Straub, Engineer- ing Consultant, Division of Waterways, Department of Conserva- tion, State of Minnesota. In addition to the foregoing, Colonel Everett A. Hansen, U. S. Army, served on the board for a part of the year. During fiscal year 1956, the Board carried out studies and in- vestigations in cooperation with appropriate agencies of various States and territories and with the field offices of the Corps of Engineers to develop effective works for the protection and stabili- zation of the shores and beaches of coastal and lake waters. The Board completed the review of cooperative beach erosion control reports on Saco, Maine; East River to New Haven Harbor, Con- necticut; Atlantic Coast of Long Island from Fire Island Inlet to Jones Inlet, New York; Oceanside, Ocean Beach, Imperial Beach, and Coronado, in San Diego County, California; and Waimea Beach and Hanapepe Bay on the Island of Kauai, Territory of Hawaii. The Board also completed 10 reports on the beach erosion aspects of navigation improvements as provided in section 5 of the River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935. The following approved cooperative studies were either in progress or awaiting funds on June 30, 1956. BEACH EROSIN BOARD 1911 Date ap- Locality proved by Division District Chief of engineer engineer Engineers Berrien County, Mich---------......................... . Oct. 8,1954 NC Detroit. Chatham, Mass ----------------------------------- Sep. 23,1954 NE California, State of (continuing study)_............------- Sep. 12,1946 -------- App. III-Santa Cruz County-.----------- __------ June 7,1950 SP San Francisco. App. IV-San Diego County (phase 2) --------- Aug. _------ 13,1954 SP Los Angeles. App. V--Orange County (phase 1)_---....----.-----.--- June 9,1954 SP Do. App. V-Orange County (phase 2)_- ----.------- Feb. 21,1956 SP Do. App. VI-Humboldt Bay..-------------------- Jan. 25,1955 SP San Francisco. Carolina Beach, N. C ------------------------------ Apr. 24,1952 SA Wilmington. Connecticut, State of (continuing study).----------------Aug. 28,1947 ...-------- Areas 8 and l--Saugatuck River to Byram River...... May 1,1950 NE Area 10-Thames River to Niantic Bay.--------------- May 1,1950 NE Delaware, State of May 26,1954 NA Philadelphia. Michigan line to Marblehead, Ohio_ ...---.-.--.--- ---- May 9,1956 NC Detroit. New Jersey, State of ------------------------------- Apr. 1,1953---------- App. 2-Barnegat Inlet to Cape May Canal entrance-__ Aug. 11,1954 NA Philadelphia. App. 3-Raritan and Sandy Hook Bay Shores-........ Aug. 15,1955 NA New York. App. 4-Delaware Bay Shore_ -------..............-.- Feb. 7,1956 NA Philadelphia. Palm Beach County, Fla_ -----.-...-.---.--.- May 18,1955 SA Jacksonville. Pemberton Point to Gurnet Point, Mass--.................... July 20,1950 NE Suffolk County, Long Island, N. Y...-------------------- Sep. 3,1954 NA New York. South Kingstown and Westerly, R. I. . ..------------------ Jan. 5,1956 NE The Board has continued general investigations of means of protecting shores and beaches against erosion, in accordance with authorization contained in the act approved July 31, 1945 (PL 166, 79th Cong.). Publication of the Board's Bulletin was discontinued on the quarterly basis, but will be published henceforth in one issue annually to disseminate pertinent information to the public. Five technical papers prepared by the staff were presented before meet- ings of technical societies for publication in the technical press. Revisions and addenda required to keep up-to-date with current research and the comprehensive report on shore protection, plan- ning, and design, which has been published as Technical Report No. 4 of the Board, were in preparation during the year. Thirteen technical memorandums were published by the Board, of which 4 were prepared by the staff, 8 were prepared under contract to the Board, and 1 was submitted independently by the author and was published as containing information pertinent to the work of the Board, Seven additional technical memorandums prepared by contract agencies are now in press as are 2 Bulletin papers pre- pared by members of the Beach Erosion Board staff and 1 by con- tract; 9 additional papers reporting results of research by the staff were in preparation. In addition 11 reports were prepared for, and issued to, other agencies on projects carried out for them. Installation of the wave generator for the large outdoor (proto- type) wave tank adjacent to the Board's office building was com- pleted and that facility was dedicated by the Chief of Engineers at an appropriate ceremony on October 18, 1955. One contract with a university for research to supplement the staff activities was completed, and 8 were continued, and 1 new contract was negotiated. Three projects were prosecuted by the Waterways Experiment Station of the Corps of Engineers at Vicksburg for the Board. During the year a 3-week course on wave phenomena (with emphasis on application to hurricane problems) was con- ducted at the Board's offices for interested Corps of Engineers' personnel. 1912 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 At the end of the year, studies by the staff were in progress on: -- the characteristics of ocean waves by actual measurement at six localities; the improvement of wave forecasting procedures for both inland and ocean waters; methods of bypassing sand at in- lets; sources of beach material; an analysis of Mission Bay field data; wave runup and overtopping on shore structures; wave runup on permeable beaches; effects of tidal inlets on adjacent beaches; reforming of waves after breaking; effect of groin fields on rate of littoral transport; field study of Moriches Inlet, Long Island; reexamination of data on artificially nourished and con- structed beaches; durability of concrete in seawater; amount of sand suspended in the surf zone; equilibrium profile of beaches under prototype waves; model scale effects; effect of water tem- perature on sand transport; and adaptation of the wave spectrum analyzer to laboratory and full field use. In addition the staff has worked on 2 research projects for various defense agencies, (of which 1 is still active), 1 research project for another govern- mental agency (now completed), and 10 miscellaneous projects for other government agencies. CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION This Commission, consisting of 3 officers of the Corps of Engi- neers appointed by the President with the consent of the Senate, created by the act of Congress approved March 1, 1893 (27 Stat. L., p:. 507), was organized in San Francisco, Calif., on June 8, 1893, and has juri diction and dutes extending over the drainage area of theB~- e t and San Joaquin Rivers, comprising the great cenralaky of California and extending from the crest of the Sierra Nevada on the east to that of the Coast Range on the west, and from Mount Shasta and the Pitt River Basin on the north to the Tehachapi Mountains on the south. These rivers empty into the head of Suisun Bay, ultimately discharging into the Pacific Ocean through the connecting bays and straits and the Golden Gate. The duties prescribed by the act creating the Commission are: First: To regulate hydraulic mining in such a way as to permit its resumption and continuance under such restrictions as to pre- vent the resulting debris from being carried into navigable waters or otherwise causing damage. Second: To study and report upon general hydraulic and hydraulic-mining conditions and matters affecting or affected by them and to make surveys, mature and adopt plans for the purpose of improving the navigability, deepen- ing the channels, and protecting the banks of the rivers, and afford- ing relief from flood damages. While the Commission was to "adopt" plans as a result of its study, the act creating it did not provide means for directly carry- ing them out. Congress, however, has from time to time adopted certain of the plans formulated by the Commission and charged it with their execution, under the direction of the Secretary of the Army and the supervision of the Chief of Engineers. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Regulation of hydraulic mining 3. Sacramento River and tribu- and preparation of plans_-,- 1913 taries, Calif. (debris con- 2. Treatment of the Yuba River trol) --_--- .-------- 1917 debris situation-restraining barriers, Calif__------------ 1915 Flood Control 4. Sacramento River, Calif.-. - 1919 1. REGULATION OF HYDRAULIC MINING AND PREPARATION OF PLANS Location. Operations are largely limited to thfterritory be- twee Mount Lassen on the north and the Yosemite Valley on the south, on the western watershed of the Sierra Nevada. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets for the area, 25 in number.) Existing project. This improvement provides for regulating hydraulic mining operations, planning the improvement of condi- tions upon the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and their tribu- taries affected by such operations, and the preparation of plans to enblJe hydraulic mining to be resumed in their drainage areas. 1913 1914 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 In addition, the Secretary of the Army is authorized to enter into contracts to supply storage for water and use of outlet facilities from debris storage reservoirs for domestic and irrigation pur- poses and power development, upon such conditions of delivery, use, and payment as he may approve. Applications of prospective miners are fully investigated by the California Debris Commission and permits to operate are issued to those who provide satisfactory debris-restraining basins by con- struction of suitable dams where necessary or agree to make pay- ment for storage in Government-constructed, debris-restraining reservoirs constructed under the act of June 19, 1934, as set forth below. For location and description of Government-constructed debris-restraining reservoirs for general hydraulic mining see Im- provement No. 3, "Sacramento River and tributaries (debris control), Calif." The latest (1956) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of this work is $15,000. The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 1, 1893 Created California Debris Commission and author- Ex. Doe. 267, 51st Cong., 2d sess. ized (a) hydraulic mining under its regulation in the Ex. Doc. 98, 47th Cong., 1st sess. drainage areas of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, if possible without injury to the naviga- bility of these river systems or to lands adjacent thereto; and (b) preparation of plans by the Com- mission for improvement of the navigability of these river systems, and flood and debris control therein. Feb. 27, 19071 Authorized California Debris Commission to permit (Amendment of see. 13 of act hydraulic mining without construction of impound- approved Mar. 1, 1893.) ing works, provided there is no injury to the navi- gability of the above river systems or the lands adjacent thereto. June 19, 19342 Amended act of Mar. 1, 1893, which provides for con- (Amendment of sees. 18 and 23 of struction of debris dams or other restraining works act approved Mar. 1, 1893.) by the California Debris Commission and collection of a 3-percent tax on the gross proceeds of each mine using such facilities, so as to eliminate this tax and substitute an annual tax per cubic yard mined, obtained by dividing the total capital cost of each dam, reservoir, and rights-of-way, by the total capacity of the reservoir for restraint of debris; and authorized revocation of commission orders permit- ting such mining, for failure to pay this annual tax within 30 days after its due date; and also author- ized receipt of money advances from mineowners to aid such construction, to be refunded later from the annual payments of yardage taxes on material mined. June 25, 1938$ Added at the end of sec. 23 of above act, a provision (Further amendment of sec. 23 of that the Secretary of the Army is authorized to act approved Mar. 1, 1893.) enter into contracts to supply storage for water and use of outlet facilities from debris storage reservoirs for domestic and irrigation purposes and power de- velopment, upon such conditions of delivery, use, and payment as he may approve, these payments are to be deposited to the credit of such reservoir project, reducing its capital cost to be repaid by tax on mining operations. 1Public No. 137 (H. R. 13367). 2 Public No. 425, 73d Cong. (H. R. 1503). S Public No. 716, 75th Cong., 3d sess. (H. R. 9881). For latest published map, see Annual Report for 1913, page 3170, and Rivers and Harbors Committee Document 50, 74th Con- gress, 1st session. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CALIF. DEBRIS COMMISSION 1915 Local cooperation. Mine owners are required to bear all ex- penses incurred in complying with the orders of the Commission for regulation of mining and restraint of debris. Operations and results during fiscal year. Inspections of hydraulic mines were accomplished to determine the rate of debris movement into the debris-restraining basins and/or reservoirs and compliance of the mine owners with the requirements of the licenses issued. Cost of these inspections, regulation of hydraulic mining, issuance of licenses, and other administrative work was $4,997 during the fiscal year for maintenance. Administrative work overlaps that of improvements 2, 3, and 4, hereunder and that of the Sacramento Engineer District. Condition at end of fiscal year. The Commission has received 1,286 applications for hydraulic mining licenses; 21 mines are licensed, of which 4 use storage behind Government debris dams. Surveys have been made of those portions of Yuba, Feather, Bear, and American Rivers containing large deposits of mining debris; of active mines, except those on the north fork of Yuba River above Bullards Bar Reservoir; and of Bullards Bar: and Combie Reservoirs, to determine the rate of debris movement into the several reservoirs. Work remaining to be done is, in general, the continuation of the above or similar operations. The total cost of all work to June 30, 1956, was $758,977, for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 __Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Maintenance: Appropriated--.....-----... $5,500 $6,500 $8,000 $4,501 $5,000 $758,980 Cost----------------- 6,585 7,814 7,116 5,479 4,997 758,977 2. TREATMENT OF THE YUBA RIVER DEBRIS SITUATION- RESTRAINING BARRIERS, CALIFORNIA Location. The works are on the Yuba River between Marysville and where the river emerges from the foothills, near Hammonton, some -10 miles easterly from Marysville, or about 9 miles below the Narrows. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic map of the Sacramento Valley, Calif.) Existing project. This provides for storage of mining debris within the bed of the Yuba River by means of construction of Daguerre Point Dam, a debris barrier, and by the restraint of flow channel to narrow limits by means of training walls and other regulation works. The object of storing this debris in the Yuba River-a nonnavigable stream-is to keep it from passing into the Sacramento and Feather Rivers to the detriment of navigation therein. The variation in water levels due to floods is about 12 feet. The total cost of new work, completed in 1935, was $723,259, of which $361,482 was from United States funds and $361,777 from funds contributed by the State of California. The latest 1916 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 (1956) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000, of which $15,000 is from local interests. (For details of this project in its original form, see Annual Report, 1917, p. 1810, "Previous projects.") The existing project was adopted in a rather indefinite form by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896, and in its more definite form by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. 431, 56th Cong., 1st sess.). (For the latest published map, see U. S. Geological Survey topographic map of the Sacramento Valley, Calif.) Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation are be- ing complied with, progressively with the work. The State of California contributes annually an amount equal to the Federal allotment. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Opera- tions during the year included condition and operation studies, including maintenance of gages and gage readings; preparation of plans and specifications; and removal of debris and clean-out of fish ladder, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. In addition, bank restoration on the left bank of Yuba River at mile 7.9 Yuba County, and bank restoration and stone protection along Yuba River at 2 sites near Marysville, was accomplished by two separate contracts. Total cost of maintenance during the fiscal year was $30,076, of which $15,038 was United States funds and $15,038 contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in November 1902, and completed in 1935. Three train- ing walls, having a total length of 85,100 feet and providing two 500-foot-wide channels, were built, partly by gold-dredging com- panies and partly by the United States. A cut was made through Daguerre Point and a concrete spillway constructed therein. The channel between Marysville and the training walls were cleared of obstructions. Dikes were built to block off old sand channels. The project has been maintained in a satisfactory condition suit- able to the purpose intended and the result has been to hold in the Yuba River millions of cubic yards of mining debris which would otherwise have passed into the channels of Feather and Sacra- mento Rivers to the detriment of navigation. The December 1955 floods caused extensive damage to the banks. Approximately 15,000 linear feet (approximately $300,000) of bank protection is required to restore stability of banks where retards and bank protection works were destroyed, and in new locations where the river threatens to create a new channel. In addition, the decking of Daguerre Dam was damaged and repairs will be necessary. Regulation of the river necessitates annual clearing in the chan- nel to provide adequate capacity for flood flows, and the construc- tion of bank revetment or current deflection works to prevent ero- sion. The State of California annually contributes an::amount equal to the Federal funds for maintenance work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CALIF. DEBRIS COMMISSION 1917 The Yuba Consolidated Gold Fields was issued a Department of the Army permit in 1944 for dredging a 600-foot channel which would replace the two 500-foot channels above Daguerre Point Dam. The new channel will give almost a 90 ° approach for flows toward the crest of the dam. Work under the permit is approxi- mately 90 percent complete. The total cost of the project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: Cost and Financial Summary Funds New work Maintenance Total . United States -------------------------. $361,482 $445, 518 $807, 000 Contributed------------------------------- 361,777 445,223 807,000 Total-----------. ... .... 723,259 890,741 1,614,000 Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-.......- -........--.................-- --- --- - ---- $361,482 Cost----------------------------------------------------------------- 361,482 Maintenance- Appropriated--------.... $52,554 $30,000 $15,000 $15,000 $15,000 445,518 Cot.----........------------ 58,158 19,408 30,529 17,158 15,038 445, 518 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------ ------------------------ $361,777 Cost------------ ---- -------------------------------------------------- 361,777 Maintenance: Appropriated.-------- $45,000 $30,000 $15,000 $15,000 $15,000 445,223 Cost----------------- 58,158 19,464 30,530 16,914 15,038 445,223 3. SACRAMENTO RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, CALIFORNIA (DEBRIS CONTROL) Location. The project reservoirs are to be constructed in the watersheds of the Yuba, Bear, and American Rivers, Calif. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets for the basin areas, seven in number.) Existing project. The project was designed to permit the re- sumption of hydraulic mining on a substantial scale and provides for construction of reservoirs for the purpose of retaining mining debris. Harry L. Englebright (Upper Narrows) Dam on Yuba River was completed in 1941 and North Fork Dam on the north fork of American River was completed in 1939. 1918 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 The total Federal cost of this new work was $4,646,872 and the latest (1956) approved estimate for annual (Federal) cost of maintenance is $25,000. The reservoir project sites on the Middle Fork of the American River and on Bear River are considered to be inactive and are excluded from the foregoing cost estimate. The estimated cost of this portion of the project is $2,298,128. (1935). The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 50, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map, see the project document. The act approved November 6, 1945, provided that the dam con- structed at the Upper Narrows site on the Yuba River, in the State of California, should thereafter be known and designated as the Harry L. Englebright Dam. Local cooperation. Satisfactory assurances were furnished the Secretary of the Army for repayment of the capital cost of the reservoir from taxes on material hydraulically mined, under licenses, and impounded in these reservoirs. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Oper- tions during the year included maintenance and operation of the Harry L. Englebright and North Fork Dams and appurtenant service facilities; preparation of plans and specifications; and condition and operation inspections and studies, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. Total cost for maintenance during the fiscal year was $20,426, from hydraulic mining in California funds. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction of the North Fork Dam and Reservoir was initiated in 1937 and completed and in use at the end of the fiscal year 1939. The reservoir is located on the north fork of the American River about 5 miles northeast of the city of Auburn and 40 miles northeast of Sacramento. The dam is 155 feet high, 620 feet long, and the reservoir has a debris- storage capacity of 26,000,000 cubic yards. Construction of the Harry L. Englebright Dam was initiated in 1937 and completed in January 1941; the reservoir has been in use for storage of hydraulic mining debris. The reservoir is on the Yuba River about 20 miles northeast of the city of Marysville. The dam is 260 feet high, 1,142 feet long, and the reservoir has a debris stor- age capacity of 118,000,000 cubic yards. The primary purpose of the project was to make possible the resumption of hydraulic mining in the tributary watershed for which local interests are required to reimburse the United States according to the volume of debris contributed. However, hydrau- lic mining activity has practically ceased during recent years. Annual maintenance activities are required to protect the Federal investment and, in addition, maintenance of the project benefits the downstream navigation projects, primarily the Sacramento River Project, in that it prevents debris deposits in these channels and thus reduces the annual maintenance costs for the Sacramento River nagivation channel. FLOOD CONTROL--CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1919 Maintenance of this project also helps to maintain flood-channel capacities in the downstream river reaches. In the case of Harry L. Englebright Dam and Reservoir an additional benefit is realized through the use of the head created for the generation of hydro- electric power. An existing contract with the Pacific Gas & Electric Company calls for payment to the Federal Government of $18,000 per year for the first 30 years and $48,000 per year after that in return for the use of head at Englebright Dam for genera- tion of hydroelectric power. Total payment through December 31, 1952, amounts to about $180,000; these funds are paid directly to the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States for deposit in a fund known as the "Debris Fund." The total cost of the project to June 30, 1956, was as follows: Cost and Financial Summary Funds New work 1 Maintenance Total I United States: Regularfunds_-------- ---------- $4,646,872 $284,992 $4, 981;864 Hydraulic mining in California-.---------------------------- 176,339 176,339 Total ,------------------------------- $4,646,8172 $461,331. $5,108,203 1 Exclusive of $644,503 costs from regular funds on inactive portion of the project. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated ..---------.------------------------ ------------ ------------ 1 $4,646,872 Cost------------------- ------------------------------------------- 14,646,872 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $6,000 $51,760 $32,548 $58,951 $7,000 2462,093 15,333 Cost----------------....... 40,045 39,392 54,106 120,426 a461,331 'Regular funds; exclusive of $644,503 appropriation and costs on inactive portion of project. 2 Includes $284,992 from regular funds and $177,100 from hydraulic mining in California funds. a Includes $284,992 from regular funds and $176,339 from hydraulic mining in California funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_____---------------- (4) 4 Exclusive of $1,653,625 (1935) for inactive portion of project. 4. SACRAMENTO RIVER, CALIF., FLOOD CONTROL Location. The works covered by this improvement are on the Sacramento River and tributaries in north central California from Collinsville to Ord Bend, a distance of 184 miles. Previous project. Improvement of the original project for Sacramento River was previously performed under the title of "Alleviation of Debris Conditions in the Sacramento and Feather Rivers, California." Debris resulting from hydraulic mining operations and natural erosion had obstructed the =channels of these rivers by raising the riverbeds and reducing the capacity to such an extend that the streams broke through their banks and 1920 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 overflowed large areas during high floods, increasing the shoaling in the channels themselves. The large deposits of debris in the river channels and its variable movement downstream had im- paired their navigability. The construction and operation of hydraulic dredges was authorized with the object of removing deposits from the Sacramento River to improve navigation, with no definite limits in depth, width, or location of the work being prescribed. Work was accomplished from the mouth of the Sacramento River, in Suisun Bay at Collinsville, to Rio Vista, 14 miles above, and consisted of channel enlargement and levee con- struction. Local interests were required to contribute an equal amount toward the cost of the work and, in addition, to provide all rights-of-way for levees and spoil banks free of cost to the United States. These requirements were fully complied with. In addi- tion, the State of California constructed a retaining embankment for spoil deposit. This minor project was absorbed in the exist- ing project. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910 (in accordance with report of California Debris Commission dated June 30, 1907, and printed in Annual Report for 1907, page 2262). For further details, see Annual Report for 1917, page 1815, and Annual Report for 1938, page 1995. Existing project. The Sacramento River Flood-Control proj- ect is a comprehensive plan of flood control for the Sacremento River and the lower reaches of its principal tributaries. The im- provement extends along the Sacramento River from Ord Bend in Glenn County, Calif., downstream to its mouth at Collinsville at the upper end of Suisun Bay, a distance of 184 miles, and com- prises a system of levees, overflow weirs, drainage pumping plants and flood bypass channels or floodways designed to carry the sur- plus floodwaters without inundation of valley lands. The project provides for the enlargement of the Sacramento River below the mouth of Cache Slough to carry the entire flood discharge of the river basin; for making 2 cutoffs between the mouth of the Feather River and Colusa; for the construction of 4 bypass weirs, and reconstruction of Tisdale weir; for construction of drainage outfall gates at Butte Slough and at Knights Landing; for the con- struction of levees along certain reaches of the main river and tributaries; for construction of 3 drainage pumping plants on the east side of Sutter Bypass; for construction of bank-protection works and levee setbacks on the main river and tributaries from Ord Bend to Collinsville; for maintenance, during the construction period, of the enlarged river channel below Cache Slough, includ- ing revetment of the banks of the enlarged channel, and for opera- tion and maintenance of gaging stations during the same period on navigable rivers and streams. The project also includes chan- nel clearing, rectification, snagging, and bank protection along the Sacramento River and tributaries in Tehama County from Red Bluff southerly. Approximately 980 miles of levee construction are involved in the project. When completed, the project will provide adequate FLOOD CONTROL--CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1921 flood protection to about 800,000 acres of highly productive agri- cultural lands and to the cities of Colusa, Marysville, Yuba City, Sacramento, North Sacramento, and numerous smaller com- munities. It has made possible the reclamation of swamps and other overflow land which have been developed to a high degree of use. The above levee improvements were supplemented by works au- thorized by the Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 649, 78th Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doc. 367, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The levee construction and reconstruction pro- vided for in these authorizations, including levee protection of Upper Butte Basin and multipurpose reservoirs, are reported upon by the Sacramento District under improvement No. 8, "Sacra- mento River and tributaries, from Collinsville to Shasta Dam, Calif.," page The latest approved estimate (1956) of Federal cost for the existing project (exclusive of the improvements authorized by the Flood Control Acts of Dec. 22, 1944, and May 17, 1950), including new work and maintenance, is $66,100,000, for construction. In addition, local interests have contributed for project work a total of $4,949,438 for levee construction, bank protection works, and levee setbacks, of which $4,939,752 was for new work and $9,686 for maintenance. Operation and maintenance of the project after completion will be the responsibility of local interests; as units of the project are completed they are transferred to agencies of the State of Cali- fornia for operation and maintenance. The estimated cost (1956) to local interests for new work is $106,000,000, which includes the costs of levees built by local in- terests, lands, easements, rights-of-way, and highway, railroad, and bridge alterations. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of March 1, 1917 (H. Doc. 81, 62d Cong., 1st sess., as modified by Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 5, 63d Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928 (S. Doc. 23, 69th Cong., 1st sess.), the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (Senate committee print, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), and the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941 (H. Doe. 205, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). Recommended modifications of project. In House Document 272, 84th Congress, 2d session, is was recommended that the exist- ing project for flood control on the Sacramento River be extended to Keswick Dam for the purpose of zoning the area below the dam, and that the project be modified by the construction of bank protection and incidental channel improvements along the Sacra- mento River from Chico Landing to Red Bluff. Local interests would be required to furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of- way necessary for construction of the project; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and maintain the works after completion in accordance with regu- lations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. The estimated 1922 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 (1953) Federal cost is $1,360,000 for construction, subject to the condition that only such work be constructed as is found economic- ally justified at the time of construction in the light of conditions then prevailing along the river. Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928, pro- vided that local interests were to contribute one-half the cost of construction of project levees, estimated at $3,191,500, and furnish the lands, rights-of-way, and easements therefor. The modified project which was adopted in the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937, provided that the State of California should execute and maintain the remainder of the general flood control project, now being done or to be done by the United States, and make illegal any levee, ditches, or other works in the bypasses or on the lands reserved for overflow that might reduce or impede the flood runoff, unless approved by the California Debris Com- mission; should hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction works: And provided further, That the bank revetment for protection of levees above Cache Slough, and the levee reconstruction recommended in the project document (Senate committee print 75th Cong., 1st sess.), should not be undertaken until the State of California, political subdivisions thereof, or responsible local agencies have agreed to provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, the rights-of-way for said works, including the cost of all alterations to highways, road crossings, and drainage and irrigation facilities incident to the work, and shall have contributed one-third of the cost of bank revetment and levee reconstruction, with the understanding that the contribution of funds will be made as required by the prog- ress of the work; and the State of California was to undertake the operation of the movable top of Sacramento weir in accord- ance with the schedules established by the California Debris Commission. The modification of the project authorized in the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, relieves local interests of all future con- struction costs under the existing project, but requires them to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) provide all needed lands, easements, and rights-of- way free of cost to the United States, (2) bear the expense of necessary highway, railroad, and bridge alterations, (3) hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from construction of the works, and (4) maintain and operate all flood control works after completion, in accordance with regula- tions prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. The requirements are being complied with as needed. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Con- tinuing contracts, initiated in fiscal year 1954, for levee construc- tion, west levee Sacramento River, Reclamation Districts 307 and 765, were completed. Continuing contracts, initiated in fiscal year 1955, were completed for work at the following locations; Bank protection, right and left banks, Sacramento River between river miles 92.7 and 99.9; levee construction and bank protection, FLOOD CONTROL-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1923 east levee, Sacramento River, Georgiana Slough to Freeport; and levee construction on American River, Natomas Canal, Arcade Creek, and Linda Creek. Repairs to levee slopes, Twitchell and Sherman Islands, initiated in fiscal year 1955, were continued by hired labor and rented equipment. In addition, the following work, initiated in fiscal year 1955, was completed: Shaping levees of Hastings Tract, by hired labor and rented equipment; patrol road, Lindsey and Cache Slough levees at Lower Hastings Tract, by contract; and stone protection and levee setback, Feather River, east levee, Nicolaus Bridge downstream. Clearing activities were initiated at the following locations during the fiscal year: Bear River from Feather River upstream approximately 4 miles, by contract; Feather River, Sutter Bypass upstream to Yuba River, by continuing contract; and Sutter Bypass, Fremont weir upstream to Nelson Bend, by continuing contract. Levee crown surfacing, Sherman and Twitchell Islands; and construction of an -inlet structure, Sacramento River--Elkhorn Slough near Clarksburg; and Ryer Island-stone protection along left bank Cache Slough from Ferry to Miner Slough, were ini- tiated by contracts during the fiscal year. In addition, work was initiated at the following locations, under continuing contracts, during the fiscal year: Grand Island- stone protection along east levee Steamboat Slough; Sutter Island-stone protection along Sutter and Steamboat Sloughs; stone protection along Elkhorn, Sutter, and Miner- Sloughs; con- struction of back levee, Reclamation District No. 108, Sycamore Slough to Southern Pacific Railroad Bridge; levee enlargement Hastings Tract, Hastings Cut upstream; and normal bank pro- tection at 4 locations along Sacramento River between miles 102.0 and 123.1. Miscellaneous work, including surveys, explorations, and prep- aration of contract and specifications, was accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. Hired labor was also utilized in the preparation of operation and maintenance manuals and as- built drawings for completed portions of the project. Engineer- ing contracts were also utilized for the purpose of obtaining topog- raphic surveys and related data along Cache sCreek from the settling basin to high ground. A total of 796,000 cubic yards of embankment was placed in levees along the project waterways during the fiscal year. There was no maintenance work accomplished during the year. The floods of December 1955 were the most widespread and destructive of any in the recorded history of Northern California since the legendary floods of 1862 and 1867. As a result of heavy, prolonged rains, outstanding flood peaks occiirred on practically all streams within the project area. :In the Sacramento River Basin, including the lower delta area, about 260,000 acres of land were flooded, principally by the Feather, Bear, aiid Saeramento Rivers. The flood-control operation of Shasta Reservoir on the 1924 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 upper Sacramento River, and Folsom Reservoir on American River controlled flood flows to the capacity of downstream flood- control channels. Although the Sacramento River was confined within its levees, overflow occurred at all of the relief weirs along the river (which are a part of the Sacramento River Flood-Con- trol project), and flooding occurred within the project floodways and natural storage basins, including Sutter, Tisdale, Sacramento, and Yolo Bypasses and Butte Basin. On December 23, 1955, the stage of Sacramento River at Sacramento reached a height of 28.7 feet, corresponding to a flow of about 98,000 cubic feet per second. At the same time, upstream Fremont and Sacramento weirs were passing flows of about 238,000 cubic feet per second into Yolo By- pass, thus preventing serious damages in the vicinity of Sacra- mento. Folsom Reservoir controlled the record-breaking flow of American River from a peak of about 219,000 cubic feet per second to about 70,000 cubic feet per second, which contributed greatly to the relief of flood conditions on Sacramento River. During the period from December 23 to 31, 1955, flood condi- tions in the lower Sacramento River were aggravated by unusually high tides which opposed the passing of floodwaters through the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. During that period, the normal spring-tide cycle, which reached its maximum on December 28 and 29, was raised an additional 1 to 11/2 feet by a persistent south- western wind against the coast. As a result, higher-high tides at Rio Vista on Sacramento River were above a danger stage of 9.0 feet on every day from December 23 to 30, and the gage reached a record height of 10.2 feet on December 26. Levees of the Sacramento River Flood Control project confine Feather River from a few miles downstream from Oroville to its mouth. The levees provide a limited degree of protection to Marysville, Yuba City, Gridley, and adjoining areas. During the December flood, they protected Marysville and the area upstream on both sides of the river. Below Marysville and Yuba City, the levee system could not carry the unusual flood flow of the Yuba River combined with a large flow from the Feather River. Project de- sign floods for Feather River below Yuba River were exceeded, and breaks occurred on both sides of the river. The most extensive flooding occurred when Feather River broke through a levee on December 24, 1955 at Shanghai Bend, about 3 miles south of Yuba City, and flooded Yuba City and the entire area between Feather River and Sutter Bypass, and from Colusa Road south to the by- pass. On the other side of the river, the river broke a levee, about a mile south of the town of Nicolaus, and flooded the town, most of the land between the river levee and the Sacramento Northern Railway tracks, and from high ground south to the Natomas Cross Canal. In other reaches of the river, smaller areas were flooded. The areas flooded by Feather River totaled about 100,000 acres. Floodwaters continued to flow into the area from both of the major breaks for 2 weeks. By January 7, 1956, the Shanghai Bend levee break had been repaired sufficiently to shut off free flow FLOOD CONTROL-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1925 from the river. During the persistent stormy period that lasted through January and February, high flows in Feather River con- tinued, with peak flows at Oroville of about 25,000 cubic feet per second on January 26, and 70,000 cubic feet per second on Febru- ary 23. At Yubo City, the peak stages were 57.6 on January 27, and 62.8 on February 23. Although these stages threatened the repair construction at the Shanghai Bend levee break, they were safely confined and no new flooding occurred. Water continued to flow through the Nicolaus levee break until January 26, 1956. With the exception of failures of the project levees of the Feather River levee below Yuba City and at Nicolaus, the Sacra- mento River Flood Control project functioned effectively to reduce flood flows and flood damages along Sacramento River. Flood damages prevented by the project during the December 1955 flood were estimated at $90,000,000, and flood damages prevented during the January-February 1956 floods were estimated at $15,000,000, a total of $105,000,000. Total Federal cost of all new work during the year was $2,205,716. Miscellaneous construction (nonproject) accomplished for the State of California at its expense in connection with acquisition of rights-of-way for levees cost $225,574, for new work. Total cost of all work during the fiscal year was $2,431,290, of which $2,205,716 was from United States funds (regular appro- priations) and $225,574 from contributed (nonproject) funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project, initiated in fiscal year 1918, is approximately 79 percent complete. The channel improvement accomplished to date has produced a channel with a capacity of 579,000 cubic feet per second in the Sacramento River below Cache Slough. In addition, dis- charges up to 21,000 cubic feet per second can be diverted from the Sacramento River through Georgiana Slough. Completed major project items include approximately 768 miles of levees; 5 weirs with a combined discharge capacity of 602,000 cubic feet per second; 2 cutoff channels; 2 sets of outfall gates; channel im- provement and clearing in the Sacramento River, Butte Creek, Putah Creek and Sutter and Tisdale Bypasses; construction of 2 main bypasses or floodways and secondary bypasses at Tisdale and Sacramento weirs and at Wadsworth Canal; construction of Knights Landing Ridge Cut and of Cache Creek settling basin; a considerable amount of river levee bank protection, installation of gaging stations; and enlargement of Sacramento River below Cache Slough. A total of 89,814,074 cubic yards embankment has been placed in levees along the project waterways. The cutoffs at Collins Eddy and between Wild Irishman and Kinneys Bends were made in 1918 and 1919, respectively. Sacramento weir was completed in 1917, Fremont weir in 1924, Tisdale and Moulton weirs in 1932, and Colusa weir in 1933. Outfall gates at Knights Landing were constructed in 1930 and at the mouth of Butte Slough in 1936. Pumping plants on Sutter bypass were completed in 1944. Work items with reference to the clearing, snagging, rectification of 1926 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 channels, and bank protection on Sacramento River and tributaries in Tehama County and from Red Bluff southerly, provided for by Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, were accomplished in fiscal years 1947, 1948, 1949, and 1951. The total cost of this work was $126,355 of which $30,144 was by contract and $96,212 by hired labor. Work remaining to be accomplished includes completion of levees (along Sacramento, Feather, and Yuba Rivers, and the adjoining bypasses and tributaries), bank protection, and clear- ing overflow channels and bypasses; clearing, snagging, and recti- fication of channels on Sacramento River and tributaries in Te- hama County and from Red Bluff southerly; and dredging of the enlarged flood channel below Cache Slough, with continued mainte- nance dredging until that part of the project below Cache Slough is completed. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1956, is as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States funds: Regular appropriations ---.........--...------.... $48,453,542 $1,979,104 1 $50,432,646 Publio works funds- .... ------------------ 1,486,469 ..--.----.-.------.. - 1,486,469 Total United States funds- ........---------.. 49,940,011 1,979,104 51,919,115 Contributed funds, project work ........... 4,939,752 9,686 4,949,438 Total funds, project work ------.......... 54,879,763 1,988,790 56, 868, 553 Contributed funds (nonproject)............ 3,240,104---.--..---. -- 3,240,104 Total allfunds---------------------- 58,119,867 1,988,790 60,108,657 1 Does not include .429,671$ representing book value of plant purchased with previsous project funds and transferred to existing project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary FEDERAL FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 1 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated-- $990,000 $1,000,000 $3,806,066 $3,000,000 $4,000,000 -------..... $53,312,394 Cost-------------1,839,652 1,553,518 1,826,601 4,179,206 2,205,716 50,620,011 Maintenance: Appropriated........ -- 10,000 ------------ -6,066 ------------------------ 1,979,104 . - ---.. Cost--- ---. 6,106 42 ..----------- 1,979,104 1 Includes appropriation and cost of $680,000 fornew work forprevious project. Includes $1,486,469 public works funds for new work for existing project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956____ 2 $1,200, 895 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 ------------------------------------------ 3, 00, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957 --------------- ---- 2 4,200, 895 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ______ --- --- 8, 488, 502 5 Includes $800,000 loaned to Operation NOAH which is to be repaid in fiscal year 1957. FLOOD CONTROL--CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1927 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1956 12 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 New work: Appropriated --- _--_ $300,000 Cost----------------525,326 --------- $164,132 $700,000 ------------ 163,493 $383,056 $50,000 225,574 $9,043,677 8,859,856 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ------------------------------------------------..... --... . 9,686 Cost--------------------------- ---------------------------------------- 9,686 1Includes $680,000 for new work for previous project. 2 a. Includes $310,801 voluntary contribution for bank protection for existing project. b. Includes a total of $4,949,438 for existing project work for levee construction, bank protection works, and levee setbacks, of which $4,939,752 was for new work and $9,686 for maintenance. c. Includes the following amounts for voluntary contribution for other appurtenant non-project work desired by local interests for the existing project: Appropriation, $3,113,124 and cost, $2,929,303. 8 Total appropriations and costs adjusted to permit transfer of funds applicable to Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries to that project, Sacramento District Improvement No. 8. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1956_ $7, 686 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1957__ ....... 7, 686 WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS The Chief of Engineers, by letter dated June 18, 1929, to the president of the Mississippi River Commission, directed the estab- lishment of a hydraulic laboratory in the alluvial valley of the Mississippi. This institution is the Waterways Experiment Sta- tion with installations at Vicksburg, Miss., and Jackson, Miss. It was initially established in 1929, under the jurisdiction of the president, Mississippi River Commission. By General Order No. 9, Office, Chief of Engineers, July 29, 1949, the Station was trans- ferred to the direct jurisdiction of the Chief of Engineers, effec- tive August 10, 1949. Colonel A. P. Rollins, Jr., Corps of Engi- neers, is director. The organization comprises the Hydraulics, Soils, Concrete, Technical Services and Construction Services Divisions, and the necessary administrative and service facilities for the conduct of experimental research and development and field exploration work. The Flexible Pavement Branch of the Soils Division conducts airfield, landing mat and trafficability studies for the Office, Chief of Engineers. The Concrete and Soils Laboratories also serve as division laboratories for the Lower Mississippi Valley Division. The Mississippi River Commission Field Printing Plant is located at and operated by the Station. The Experiment Station has as its functions the experimental investigation of problems in hydraulics, soil mechanics, concrete, and flexible pavements presented to the Station for study, as well as research and development work in those fields; technical super- vision of hydraulic model testing at other Corps of Engineers hydraulic laboratories, including the Bonneville Hydraulic Labora- tory, St. Anthony Falls Hydraulic Laboratory (St. Paul District), and the hydraulic laboratory of the Los Angeles District; prototype testing in fields of hydraulics, soils and concrete; and technical supervision over hydraulic testing performed under contract with universities or other outside agencies for the Corps of Engineers. Work is performed on a reimbursable basis primarily for other Corps of Engineers officers and also, with authority of the Chief of Engineers, for other Government agencies, private con- cerns, and foreign governments. The Experiment Station main- tains close contact with the field in all experimental work, both by Station personnel visiting the field and by engineers from the field visiting the Station while model studies or other testing are in progress. The Waterways Experiment Station is also charged with the assembling of experimental engineering data from all sources, domestic and foreign, in the technical fields assigned to it; the translation and interpretation of these data; and the dissemina- tion thereof to other Corps of Engineers offices through its Re- search Center and technical reference library. During fiscal year 1956, one annual summary, 122 reports of individual studies con- ducted at the Waterways Experiment Station and 11 translations of foreign articles were distributed to Corps of Engineers offices 1929 1930 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 and interested outside agencies. In addition, the editing and print- ing units of the Technical Services Division completed 151 miscel- laneous assignments for the WES and other offices, making direct distribution for 33 of these assignments. OPERATIONS AND RESULTS DURING FISCAL YEAR All work accomplished at the Waterways Experiment Station is initially financed by the Revolving Fund; reimbursement there- for being obtained directly from agencies for whom the work is performed. The cost for operation of the Station for the 12 months ending June 30, 1956, amounted to $5,286,216, of which $5,031,075 was charged to establishments served for practical research investigations and related services, and $255,141 for permanent improvements. Of the reimbursable work, $2,656,485 was charged to civil funds, $2,261,035 to military funds, and $113,555 to nongovernmental agencies. The total cost incurred for operation of the Waterways Experiment Station to June 30, 1956, amounted to $56,991,817 of which $47,258,143 was for reimbursable operations and $9,733,674 for the cost of permanent improvements and miscellaneous operating expenses. PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF THE CONGRESSES OF NAVIGATION By an act approved June 28, 1902, Congress appropriated the sum of $3,000 per year for the support and maintenance of the Permanent International Commission of the Congresses of Navi- gation and for the payment of the actual expenses of the properly accredited national delegates of the United States to the meetings of the congresses and of the Commission. An increase in this ap- propriation to $5,000 per year was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved June 30,1948. Beginning with the fiscal year 1936, such expenses were paid by allotment from the general appropriation for the improvement and maintenance of river and harbor works. In fiscal year 1954 the allotment of funds for these purposes was included under General Expenses, Office, Chief of Engineers, a single year appropriation. The object of the as- sociation is the promotion of inland and maritime navigation by means of organized congresses, and the publication of pertinent information. Its headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, but the congresses are held in various countries upon invitation. The association is supported principally by member nations, but the privileges of membership are also extended to corpora- tions, libraries, and individuals. Governments are represented by delegates, the number of delegates being based on the amounts received annually from such governments and their nationals for the expenses of the Commission. Corporate membership may or may not include the privilege of representation by delegates. Two classes of corporate membership are available. The class paying the higher annual subscription has the privilege of representation by delegates. Life individual membership may be secured upon the payment of a single fee or ordinary individual membership upon the payment annually of a fixed fee. The general affairs of the association are managed' by a Permanent Commission with the assistance of a Permanent Coun- cil. The Commission is composed of delegates from the supporting governments, and the Council is chosen from members of the Permanent Commission, the representation in each case being according to the amount of the annual contribution. Due to the large number of American members of the Interna- tional Association, an informal national organization known as the American Section was authorized by the Chief of Engineers. The American members of the International Commission com- prise the National Commission which acts as the governing body of the American Section. The Assistant Chief of Engineers for Civil Works, United States Army, and the Resident Member of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, are exofficio members of the International Commission, and Chairman and Secretary, respectively, of the National Commission. Two members of the National Commission are elected to be members of the Permanent Council of the International Association. The Chairman, Secre- 1931 1932 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 tary, and the two Council Members are the officers of the American Section. The Secretary conducts all correspondence and handles all administrative matters between the American Section and the International Association, and, with the assistance of the other officers of the American Section, carries out the policies of the National Commission. During the fiscal year 1956 the United States was represented on the American Section of the Permanent International Com- mission by Maj. Gen. Emerson C. Itschner, United States Army, exofficio member and Chairman; Maj. Gen. Philip B. Fleming, United States Army, Retired, until October 6, 1955; Col. C. L. Hall, United States Army, Retired; Lt. Gen. Lewis A. Pick, United States Army, Retired; Maj. Gen. John S. Bragdon, United States Army, Retired; Brig. Gen. Theron D. Weaver, United States Army; Dr. Serge G. Koushnareff, deputy director, Transportation and Utilities Division, Bureau of Foreign Commerce, United States Department of Commerce, until September 10, 1955; Mr. J. Alex Crothers, director, Port Development Department, Delaware River Port Authority; Mr. Robert W. Abbett, Tippetts-Abbett-Mc- Carthy-Stratton, engineers; and Colonel H. S. Miller, Corps of Engineers, United States Army. Colonel Miller served as secre- tary of the American Section. On February 1, 1956 Colonel Francis H. Falkner, Corps of Engineers, United States Army, and Dr. Herbert Ashton, director, Transportation and Utilities Division, Bureau of Foreign Commerce, United States Depart- ment of Commerce, were appointed to fill the vacancies on the Commission created by the deaths of General Fleming and Dr. Koushnareff. Brig. Gen. Gordon S. Young, United States Army, Retired, and Colonel Spencer Cosby, United States Army, Retired, are honorary members because of their long and devoted service on the Commission. Representation on the American Section of the Permanent Council was by General Weaver and Colonel Hall. The annual meeting of the Permanent International Commis- sion was held in Brussels, Belgium, on June 5, 1956, when the United States was represented by Col. Francis H. Falkner, Chair- man; Lt. Gen. T. B. Larkin, United States Army, Retired; and Mr. Samuel H. Gale, Engineer, Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, United States Army. The principal business of this meeting was to perfect the details and organization of the XIXth International Navigation Congress to be held in London, England, July 8-20, 1957, and to consider further plans related to the pro- posed establishment of a Pacific and Indian Ocean Regional office within the present PIANC organization. Seminannual bulletins Nos. 41 and 42 containing technical articles on waterway problems of international interest were dis- tributed to all members of the American Section, and to Federal agencies concerned with maritime matters. The secretary of the American Section issued five newsletters at irregular intervals to all corporate and individual members, informing them of the activities of the association and citing matters of technical interest. PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL ASSOC. OF CONGRESSES 1933 The membership of the American Section on June 30, 1956, totaled 662 consisting of 70 corporate members and 592 indivi- duals, a decrease of 16 in individual memberships and an increase of 12 in corporate memberships. Federal funds, limited to $5,000, were expended as follows: Annual United States contribution to the association________ $1, 500.00 Expenses of delegates to annual meeting ___________________ 1, 416.82 Postage and administrative expenses____________________---- - 500. 00 Total expenditures to June 30, 1956 __________________$3, 416.82 INTEROCEANIC CANAL SURVEYS The proposed canal route across Nicaragua extends from Brito on the Pacific via the Rio Grande Lake Nicaragua, the Rio San Juan, and the Rio Deseado to Greytown on the Atlantic, and is 173 miles long. A survey of the Nicaragua route was made in 1901, and Public Resolution 99, 70th Congress, approved March 2, 1929, authorized a further survey to bring the data up to date, as well as an investi- gation of additional facilities needed at the Panama Canal, to be made under the direction of the Secretary of War and supervision of the Chief of Engineers, with the aid of such civilian engineers as the President deemed advisable. The President appointed the Interoceanic Canal Board to assist the Chief of Engineers. The Governor of the Panama Canal made the investigation at Panama, and a provisional battalion of United States engineer troops made the survey in Nicaragua. The report of the Chief of Engineers, together with the reports of the Interoceanic Canal Board, of the Governor of the Panama Canal, and of the officer in charge of the survey, was submitted on December 5, 1931, and published in House Document 139, 72d Con- gress, 1st session. Appropriation for the investigation and survey was $150,000, all of which had been expended by the end of the fiscal year 1943. The River and Harbor Act, approved June 20, 1938, authorized the Secretary of War to continue the gathering of hydrological data in Nicaragua under the supervision of the Chief of Engineers as recommended in House Document 139, 72d Congress, 1st session, and such incidental expenses as may be necessary in connection therewith are to be paid from appropriations hereafter made for examinations, surveys, and contingencies of rivers and harbors. Collection and compilation of hydrological and meteorological data was continued by the Inter-American Geodetic Survey, under the supervision of the Chief of Engineers, in conjunction with its other activities. Since establishment of the Nicaragua Canal Survey, the collec- tion of hydrologic data has involved the operation, within the watershed of Lake Nicaragua, of a number of stations for observ- ing and recording rainfall, temperature, barometric pressure, humidity, evaporation data, lake levels and wind velocity. The collection of basic hydrologic data in Nicaragua was terminated September 30, 1955, upon direction of the Chief of Engineers. General investigations, collection and study of basic data, funds in the amount of $1,415 were allotted in fiscal year 1956 for collection of these data during July, August, and Sep- tember 1955. A final report of operation was prepared by the Nicaragua Canal Survey, November 21, 1955, listing the detailed basic data collected during the periods May 1954 to May 1955, and June 1955 to September 1955. 1935 INVESTIGATIONS AND SUPERVISION OF PROJECTS UNDER THE FEDERAL WATER POWER ACT The Federal Water Power Act of June 10, 1920, created the Federal Power Commission, composed of the Secretary of War, Secretary of the Interior, and Secretary of Agriculture, with authority to grant permits and licenses for hydroelectric develop- ments in all waters over which Congress has jurisdiction. The act further required that the work of the Commission be performed by and through the Department of War, Interior, and Agriculture, and their engineering, technical, and other personnel, except as may be otherwise provided by law. By the act of June 23, 1930, entitled "An act to reorganize the Federal Power Commission," sections 1 and 2 of the Federal Water Power Act of June 10, 1920, were amended. A commis- sion was provided for to be composed of five commissioners to be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The necessity of performing the work through the Departments of War, Interior, and Agriculture was also removed and the Commission authorized to appoint such officers and em- ployees as are necessary in the execution of its functions. By title II of the Public Utility Act of 1935, approved August 26, 1935, the original Federal Water Power Act was made part I of the Federal Power Act, and parts II and III added to that act. The law also provides that no waterpower license affecting the navigable capacity of any navigable waters of the United States shall be issued until the plans of the dam or other structures affecting navigation have been approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army. There is further provision where- by any person or corporation intending to construct project works in any stream over which Congress has jurisdiction, other than navigable waters, shall file a declaration of intention for the pur- pose of ascertaining whether or not the jurisdiction of the Federal Power Commission will attach. During the past fiscal year work of an engineering nature has been assigned and accomplished as follows: Plans approved by Chief of Engineers and Secretary of the Army in ac- cordance with sec. 4 (e) of Federal Water Power Act---------------_ 21 Reports submitted on applications for preliminary permits or licenses or amendments thereto___ _ __ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 Licenses and permits under supervision ____--______________________ 9 The necessary expenses of transportation and subsistence of personnel engaged in investigations and the cost of supervision under the provisions of the Federal Power Act are paid from ap- propriations made for the Federal Power Commission. All other costs of administration of the laws in question are paid from funds available for general expense of the Corps of Engineers. During the fiscal year funds were expended as follows for the investigation of waterpower projects in cooperation with the Federal Power Commission and the supervision of operations under waterpower permits and licenses: From appropriations for the Commission______________--____ $40. 64 From appropriations for General expense of the Corps of Engineers --------------- -------- - 6, 000. 00 Total _ $6, 040. 64 1937 MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS In addition to the work of improving rivers and harbors, civil works of a miscellaneous character as indicated below have been committed to the Corps of Engineers. Reports on international boundary waters are found at the pages listed. Kootenay Lake (Board of Control (p. 1950). Lake Champlain Board of Control (p. 1941). Lake of the Woods Board of Control (p. 1948). Lake Ontario Board of Engineers (p. 1943). Lake Superior Board of Control (p. 1947). Massena Board of Control (p. 1941). Niagara Board of Control (p. 1945). Niagara Committee (p. 1946). Osoyoos Lake Board of Control (p. 1950). Prairie Portage Board of Control (p. 1949). Rainy Lake Board of Control (p. 1949). St. Croix River Board of Control (p. 1940). St. Lawrence River Board of Control (p. 1942). Work accomplished. The work of the fiscal year is summarized as follows: Anchorage areas, special, established or modified under the provisions of sec. 1 of the act of Congress of Apr. 22, 1940__-______________- 3 Anchorages established or modified under the provisions of section 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 4, 1915____________--- 8 Bridge plans approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army under the provisions of the General Bridge Act of Mar. 23, 1906, and the General Bridge Act of Aug. 2, 1946--_____________ 1163 Bridge rules and regulations established or modified under the pro- visions of sec. 5 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 18, 1894 .. 40 Bridges, obstructive, alteration ordered by the Secretary of the Army under the provisions of sec. 3 of the Act of June 21, 1940 as amended,_ 3 Dams, other than waterpower structures, plans approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army under the pro- visions of sec. 9 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899____ _ 3 Danger zone regulations established or modified under the provisions of ch. XIX of the Army Act of July 9, 1918, or sec. 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917------------------------------- -10 Harbor lines established or modified under the provisions of sec. 11 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899 3------------- Navigation regulations established or modified under the provisions of sec. 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917--------------- 3 Permits issued for work or structures in navigable waters under the provisions of sec. 10 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899___ 6,397 Restricted area regulations established or modified under the provisions of sec. 7:of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917--------------- 4 Sunken vessels removed under the provisions of secs. 19 and 20 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899-------------------- 274 Appropriations. The funds with which the miscellaneous civil works were prosecuted during the year totaled $1,085,430.60 and were derived as follows: For investigations, inspections, hearings, reports, service of notice or other action incidental to examination of plans or sites of bridges or other structures built or proposed to be built in or over navigable waters or to examinations into alleged violations of law for the protection and preserva- tion of navigable waters of the United States or to the establishment or marking of harbor lines or establishment of anchorages: Allotted during year-------------------- $515, 600. 99 1In addition, 20 extensions of time on bridge plans were approved. sIn addition, 144 sunken vessels investigated but not removed. 1939 1940 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 (These funds were allotted from river and harbor appropriations in accordance with the provisions of sec. 6 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1905.) . For the investigation and removal of sunken vessels: Balance on hand July 1, 1955_-___-__________________ 159,269.59 Allotted during year____ ___ ____________________ 410, 560.02 (These funds were allotted from the appropriation "Operation and Maintenance, General, Emergency Operations, Removing Sunken Vessels and Other Obstructions o Navigation".) Total ----------------------------------------- $1,085,430.60 Expenditures. The total expenditures for the fiscal year, ex- clusive of outstanding liabilities, amounting to $86,294.48, were $864,206.77 expended as follows: For investigations, inspections, hearings, and other action incidental to administration of Federal laws _____________ $515, 600.99 For the removal of sunken vessels -----... _____----- 348, 605.78 Total ------------------------------------------- $864, 206.77 Total funds available--____________$1,085,430.60 Total expenditures------------------------- $864, 206. 77 Outstanding liabilities_____________________ 86, 294. 48 Revoked ----------------------------- __ 71, 131. 30 1, 021, 632. 55 Balance available June 30, 1956________________- $63, 798. 05 INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY WATERS THE INTERNATIONAL ST. CROIX RIVER BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was organized pursuant to conditions in the orders of the International Joint Commission ap- proving the maintenance and operation of the dam built by the St. Croix Water Power Company and the Sprague Falls Manu- facturing Company, Ltd., across the St. Croix River at Grand Falls in the State of Maine, and subsequent agreements reached between the Governments of the United States and the Dominion of Canada. The Board is charged with the duty of formulating and ad- ministering rules under which the powerplant and accessories are to be operated to prevent as nearly as possible a level of water at the dam higher than 203.5 (mean sea level datum), and to secure the users of water below Grand Falls the flow of water to which they are entitled. The Board is also charged with the supervision of the operation of all fishways on that portion of the St. Croix River that forms the international boundary. On October 2, 1934, the International Joint Commission issued an order approving the reconstruction of the dam, owned by Canadian Cottons, Ltd., extending across the St. Croix River from Milltown in the Province of New Brunswick, Canada, to Milltown in the State of Maine, United States of America, which contained the following conditions: a. That the reconstructed dam be so operated as to ensure that the forebay levels rise to no higher elevation than that which has heretofore obtained in the operation of the dam now being re- placed. MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1941 b. That during times of flood the sluiceways of the dam shall be sufficiently open to ensure passage of the riverflow. c. That the operation of the dam, insofar as is necessary to ensure the observance of the provisions of this Order, be under the supervision of the International St. Croix River Board of Control. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for the fiscal year 1956, were Mr. T. M. Patterson, Water Resources Division, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, serving as Canadian member, succeeded by Mr. J. E. Peters, District Engineer, Water Resources Division, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources on November 16, 1955, and Briga- dier General Robert J. Fleming, Jr., Corps of Engineers, serving as United States member. Operationsduring the fiscal year. Supervision was maintained and an inspection by the Canadian member was made to ensure that the regulations of the International Joint Commission were carried out. The International St. Croix River Engineering Board, its representatives, and a representative of the United States member of the Board visited the Vanceboro and Forest City Storage Dams and also inspected the Grand Falls Dam, the Woodland plant of the St. Croix Paper Company and the Textile Sales Limited plant at Milltown, New Brunswick and discussed operation of the dams with officials of the companies. INTERNATIONAL LAKE CHAMPLAIN BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was organized pursuant to the provisions of the orders, dated June 10, 1937, of the Inter- national Joint Commission, approving the construction and opera- tion of certain remedial works in the Richelieu River at Fryers Island in the Province of Quebec, Dominion of Canada. The Board is charged with the responsibility of ensuring compliance with the provisions of the order of approval insofar as they relate to the regulation of the levels of Lake Champlain. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for fiscal year 1956 were Mr. C. K. Hurst of the Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Water Resources Division, for Canada, and Colonel John T. O'Neill, Corps of Engineers, for the United States. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. The con- struction of the Fryers Island Control Dam was completed in December 1938. Gates have been installed but have not been operated, pending excavation of the natural river control upstream from the dam. INTERNATIONAL MASSENA BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. An order of the International Joint Commission issued after a hearing on the application of the St. Lawrence River Power Company' for permission to continue to 1942 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 maintain the submerged rock weir constructed by the company in the south Sault Channel of the St. Lawrence River, authorized the maintenance of the weir and, among other things, provided for a board of engineers to pass upon and control the new and old works involved. Members of the Board. The Canadian member of the Board for the fiscal year was Mr. T. M. Patterson, director, Water Re- sources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Ottawa. The United States member was Colonel Loren W. Olmstead, Corps of Engineers. Operationsduring the fiscal year. The Board kept in touch with conditions by means of inspections and with respect to the diver- sion by means of monthly reports of the power company, showing the amount of water diverted and powerhouse performance from day to day. The weir was last inspected by the district engineer on June 8, 1956. The inspections indicated that, in general, the structure was in a satisfactory condition but that the central open- ing in the top of the weir was continuing to widen slightly due to deterioration and erosion of its flanks. The construction of the St. Lawrence River power project, which was underway during the fiscal year, maintains water levels at lock 21 for 14-foot navigation during the construction period and will obviate the need for the weir when the project is completed. No maintenance work on the weir was deemed necessary during the fiscal year. INTERNATIONAL ST'. LAWRENCE RIVER BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The International St. Lawrence River Board of Control was appointed in February 1954 pursuant to the provisions of the Order of Approval, dated October 29, 1952, issued by the International Joint Commission for the construction of certain works for development of power in the International Rapids Section of the St. Lawrence River. The Board is charged with performing the duties assigned to it:in the Commission's Order of Approval which includes the following items that are pertinent during the period of construction: a. The Board is to keep itself currently informed of the plans of the St. Lawrence River Joint Board of Engineers in so far as these plans relate to water levels and the regulation of the discharge of water from Lake Ontario and the.flow of water through the In- ternational Rapids Section, and to consult with and advise the Joint Board of Engineers thereon. b. The Board is to determine the gages, measurements, and other services to be provided by the Hydroelectric Power Commis- sion of Ontario and the Power Authority of the State of New York in order to furnish accurate records relating to water levels and the discharge of water through the International Rapids Section. c. In addition to the reports to be made to the Commission in ac- cordance with the terms of the Order of Approval and the normal semiannual reports, the Board is to keep the Commission cur- rently informed with regard to the discharge of water from Lake Ontario and the flow through the International Rapids Section. MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1948 Members of the Board. The members of the Board for the fiscal year 1956 were: Mr. T. M. Patterson, Engineering and Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources; Mr J. B. Bryce, hydraulic engineer, Hydroelectric Power Commission of Ontario; and Mr. Rene Dupuis, Commis- sioner, Hydroelectric Power Commission of Quebec, for Canada; and Mr. G. A. Hathaway, Office of the Chief of Engineers, De- partment of the Army; Mr. F. L. Adams, Chief, Bureau of Power, Federal Power Commission; and Mr. B. D. Tallamy, Director, New York State Thruway Authority, for the United States. Activities of the Board during the fiscal year. a. The Board met six times during the period; appointed field representatives for liaison with the field staff of the St. Lawrence River Joint Board of Engineers; appointed a working committee to develop a starting plan of regulation for Lake Ontario; and approved pro- cedures for determination of water levels and flows in the Inter- national Rapids Section of the St. Lawrence River during con- struction. b. Reports, design briefs and plans and specifications for various features of the St. Lawrence River Power project which affect water surface elevations and discharges in the International Rapids Section were received from the Joint Board of Engineers for comment and recommendation. Action was taken and recom- mendation reported to the Joint Board of Engineers on the follow- ing: (1) Long Sault Dam; (2) Channel Improvements, Galop Rapids Reach; (3) Removal of Spencer Island Pier; (4) Proposed .(6) Construction Schedule; (5) Proposed Method of River Control; Construction of Cornwall Dike Closure and Diversion of Corn- wall Canal; (7) Channel Improvements, Sparrowhawk-Toussaints Channel near Ogdensburg; and (8) Channel Enlargements, Spar- rowhawk Point-Troquois. c. The Board submitted progress reports to the International Joint Commission in October 1955 and April 1956. INTERNATIONAL LAKE ONTARIO BOARD OF ENGINEERS Constitutionand duties. The International Lake Ontario Board of Engineers was appointed by the International Joint Commis- sion in April 1953, under the reference of June 25, 1952, relative to Lake Ontario levels. The Board is concerned primarily with the determination of measures which can be taken to regulate the levels of Lake Ontario for the benefit of shore-property owners, with due regard for the proposed plan for the St. Lawrence seaway and power development. The Board was requested by the Com- mission to advise the Commission, through interim reports, on problems which might be resolved prior to completion of the Board's studies. At its April 10, 1953 meeting, the Commission orally instructed the Board to give priority to the problems in that portion of Lake Ontario concerned with Gut Dam. Members of the Board The ,members: of the Board for fiscal year 1956 were Mr. T. M. Patterson, director, Water Resources 1944 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, for Canada, and Mr. G. A. Hathaway, special assistant, Office, Chief of Engineers, Department of the Army, for the United States. Activities during the fiscal year. The Board, assisted by its working committee, has continued the studies assigned to it by the International Joint Commission, outlined below: (a) A study of the various factors which affect the fluctuation of the water levels of Lake Ontario including the construction in the St. Lawrence River known as Gut Dam and the diversions of water into or out of the Great Lakes Basin; and (b) a study of plans for the regulation of Lake Ontario to determine if a more beneficial range of the water levels of Lake Ontario can be ob- tained for the benefit of shore-property owners so as to reduce the extremes of stage which have been experienced, having regard to the proposed plan for the improvement of navigation and power for the International Rapids Section of the St. Lawrence River and the proposed method of the regulation of the levels of Lake Ontario, which is an essential feature of that plan. In connection with the study outlined in (a) above, three meth- ods of approach are being utilized by the Board to determine the effect of Gut Dam on the fluctuation of water levels of Lake On- tario; gage relationships, backwater computations and model studies. At the end of the fiscal year draft reports of the studies by gage relationships and by backwater computations were under review by the Board's working committee, and model verification data were under consideration by the Board. Additional verifica- tion tests were required by the Board in view of a revision made to the rating curve for the Lock 25 gage which would affect the results of the model studies. A report on the "Effect of Diversions on Lake Ontario Water Levels" was substantially completed during the fiscal year and will be submitted to the Commission in the near future. With reference to the regulation studies outlined in (b)above, at an executive session of the Commission in New York on De- cember 19-20, 1955, the Commission informed the Board that the two Governments had approved the recommended range of mean monthly elevations for Lake Ontario, namely, 244.0 feet (naviga- tion season) to 248.0 feet, as nearly as may be; had approved the criteria for operation of the regulatory works as recommended by the Commission's letter dated May 9, 1955, to the Governments; and had approved the use of Plan 12-A-9 for the purpose of calculating critical profiles and the design of channel excavations in the International Rapids Section of the St. Lawrence River. At a meeting of the Commission in Toronto on January 25, 1956, the Commission advised that no further regulation studies would be required of the International Lake Ontario Board of Engineers, and that such future studies would be conducted by the Interna- tional St. Lawrence River Board of Control. The Commission requested that the Lake Ontario Board prepare and submit report MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1945 on its regulation studies up to that time. Preparation of the re- port was initiated during the fiscal year. The Board submitted progress reports to the International Joint Commission in October 1955 and April 1956. INTERNATIONAL NIAGARA BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was established August 19, 1953, by directive of the International Joint Commission, to supervise the construction, maintenance and operation of the Niagara remedial works recommended by the International Joint Commission in its 1953 report, "Preservation and Enhancement of Niagara Falls." Members of the Board. The Board consists of four members, two representing the United States and two representing Canada. During fiscal year 1956, the United States members of the Board were Brig. Gen. P. D. Berrigan, U. S. Army, Division Engineer, North Central Division, Corps of Engineers, Chairman of the United States Section, and Mr. F. L. Adams, Chief, Bureau of Power, Federal Power Commission. The Canadian members of the Board were Mr. T. M. Patterson, Director, Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Chairman of the Canadian Section, and Mr. G. H. Thurber, Superintending Engineer for Harbors and Rivers, Department of Public Works, Ottawa, Ontario. Activities during fiscal year. Assisted by the working com- mittee appointed by the Board in October 1953, consisting of two members each from technical agencies in the United States and Canada, the Board has reviewed and approved the designs and procedures submitted thus far by the construction entities. During fiscal year 1956, no construction contracts were awarded by the Canadian construction entity, Hydroelectric Power Com- mission of Ontario. A hired labor force is being employed to ac- complish the construction in the Canadian portion of the remedial works. Construction work assigned by the Board to the Cana- dian construction entity was about 80 percent complete at the end of fiscal year 1956. Gates 1 through 8 in the Chippawa-Grass Island Pool Control Structure were in service by June 30, 1956. At the close of fiscal year 1956, construction of a gage house, to be located at the sewage disposal plant of the City of Niagara Falls, was the only remaining work to be accomplished on the United States side of the Niagara River in connection with the Niagara remedial project. The gage will be utilized by the Board in connection with operation of the Niagara control struc- ture. The construction agency for the United States, The Buffalo District, expects to let a contract for the gage house construction early in fiscal year 1957, and completion is scheduled for five months after notice to proceed is given the successful bidder. 1946 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 INTERNATIONAL NIAGARA COMMITTEE Constitution and duties. The treaty of 1950 between Canada and the United States concerning uses of the waters of the Niagara River was signed on February 27, 1950. By its provisions, limi- tations on the diversion of Niagara River water for power in ac- cordance with Article V of the treaty of 1909 are terminated and temporary international agreements for the allocation of waters of the Niagara River for power purposes are replaced. In ac- cordance with provisions of Article VII of the 1950 treaty, a repre- sentative was appointed by each Government who, acting jointly, shall ascertain and determine the amounts of water available for the purposes of this treaty, and shall record the same and shall also record the amounts of water used for power diversions. By an exchange of notes during January 1955, the two Governments officially designated the representatives appointed in conformance with Article VII of the 1950 treaty as the International Niagara Committee. With regard to flows and diversions, the treaty of 1950 became effective October 10, 1950. Under terms of the treaty, all waters in excess of certain minimum flows which are required to main- tain the scenic spectacle at Niagara Falls are available for diver- sions for power and, with the exception of the 5,000 cubic feet per second authorized October 1940 for diversion by Canada, are to be allocated .equally between both countries. However, pending availability of sufficient power development on one side of the river, the unused portion of its share of the water may be utilized in spare capacity on the other side. Minimum flows over the falls shall be not less than 100,000 cubic feet per second between 8:00 a. m. and 10:00 p. m., e. s. t., from April 1 to September 15, and 8:00 a. m. to 8:00 p. m. from September 16 to October 31. At all other times, the flow over the falls shall be not be less than 50,000 cubic feet per second. A brief history, regarding the measurement and supervision of diversion of waters from the.Niagara River prior to the designa- tion of the representatives appointed under Article VII of the 1950 treaty as the International Niagara Committee, is included in the Annual Report of the International Niagara Committee for fiscal year 1955. Members of the Committee. The Committee -consists of two members, one representing the Dominion of Canada and one repre- senting the United States. During fiscal year 1956, the Canadian representative was Mr. T. M. Patterson, Director, .Water Re- sources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Ottawa, and the United States representative was Brig. Gen. P. D. Berrigan, U. S. Army, Division Engineer, North Central Division, Corps of Engineers. Operations during the fiscal year. The Committee received daily reports of operations of the seven hydroelectric generating stations on the Niagara River, all of which divert water above the falls. These reports, submitted in the form prescribed by the MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1947 Committee showing for each hour the quantities of water diverted by each plant, were checked by the Committee. Monthly and annual summaries were prepared. Weekly and intermittent inspections of all plants were made by representatives of the Committee, jointly and individually to obtain independent watt-meter readings of power output and to assure that all provisions of the treaty were complied with. Rec- ords of water levels in the Niagara River above and below the falls were obtained by means of self-registering gages. At 5:25 p. m. on June 7, 1956, a rock slide occurred at the Schoellkopf hydroelectric generating station on the United States side of the river at Niagara Falls, N. Y. The rock slide destroyed two units (3B and 3C) and damaged the third unit (3A) of the Schoellkopf station, putting all three units of the station out of commission.- Immediately following the rock slide, unrestricted flow existed through the two conduits, a canal and a tunnel, which conducted water from the Niagara River at a point located: up- stream of the cascades to the Schoellkopf station. Following the rock slide, the diversion of water through the tunnel was effectively cut off by means of valves and the diversion through the canal was partially cut off by means of gates but a considerable flow of water continued for several days until the construction of a dam across the canal near its upper end was completed on June 16, 1956. In order to determine the rates of diversion through the con duits during the period, June 7 to 16, a Corps of Engineers stream- gaging party measured the flow in the canal on June 8, 9, 10, 12 and 14. The measurements of the flow on June 8, 9, and 10 ranged between 16,000 and 17,000 c. f. s. On June 12 the measured flow was approximately 8,000 c,f. s. By June 14, the construction of the dam had progressed to the point where the dam materially restricted the canal flow and a relatively small flow was permitted in the tunnel to raise the water level in the canal below the dam until closure was made at the dam. After the closure was effected, the flow in the tunnel was again cut off. On June 14, the meas- ured flow in the canal was 5,000 c. f. s. and it is estimated tat the flow in both the canal and the tunnel was 8,000 c. f. s. on that date. It is estimated that on June 17 the total diversion, due to leakage, was 500 c. f. s. and since June 22 it has been about 100 e.f s. INTERNATIONAL LAKE SUPERIOR BOARD OF CONTROL: Constitution and duties. The Board, established in pursuance of orders issued by the International Joint Commission, May 26, 1914, is charged with the supervision of the operations of all compensating works and all power canals and appurtenaces 'with a view to so controlling the outflow from Lake Superior as to miin fain its level as nearly as possible between elevations 602.1 and 603.6 feet above mean tide at New York, and =to so controlling the outflow asto prevent the level of the St. Marys River below the locks from exceeding elevation 584.5. ::: 1948 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 Members of the Board. The members of the Board for 1956 were Brig. Gen. P. D. Berrigan, U. S. Army, the Division Engi- neer, North Central Division, Corps of Engineers, for the United States and Mr. T. M. Patterson, Director, Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Ottawa, Ontario, representative from Canada. Operations during the fiscal year. The Board kept in touch during the year with conditions pertaining to the regulation of Lake Superior through representatives of Canada and the United States on the ground, and by means of regular and systematic reports of the water levels in Lake Superior, in channels of the St. Marys River above and below the Sault Locks, and in Lake Huron. Records of discharge at Sault Ste. Marie through the rapids, navigation canals, and power plants were also systematic- ally reported to the Board. A joint inspection of the compensat- ing works was made by members of the Board on October 25, 1955, at which time the structure in general and the operating parts were found to be in satisfactory condition. The needed maintenance and painting of the Canadian gates, mentioned in previous reports, had been accomplished. Usual maintenance procedures were followed on the United States gates. No repairs were required thereon during the fiscal year. Changes in the rate of outflow from Lake Superior are directed by the Board as indicated by the current rule curve. In this re- gard, in accordance with the continuing policy of the Board to seek means to improve the regulation of Lake Superior for the benefit of all water uses, a modified plan of operation under the Rule of 1949 has been developed by the Board, and utilized for operation of the control works since December 1955. Supplies to Lake Superior have been slightly below normal during the past year. However, Lake Superior levels at the start of fiscal year 1957 correspond closely with levels occurring at the beginning of fiscal year 1956, and it appears that the maximum seasonal crest during fiscal year 1957 will approximate 602.4 with continuance of the present supply trend. LAKE OF 'THE WOODS WATERSHED The members of the International Lake of the Woods Control Board, the International Rainy Lake Board of Control and the International Prairie Portage Board of Control for the fiscal year were Mr. J. D. McLeod, for Canada, and Colonel Otto J. Rohde, Corps of Engineers, for the United States. INTERNATIONAL LAKE OF THE WOODS CONTROL BOARD The convention between the United States and Great Britain proclaimed July 17, 1925, provides for the regulation of the level of the Lake of the Woods in order to secure to the inhabitants of the United States and Canada the most advantageous use of the waters thereof, and of the waters flowing into and from the lake on each side of the boundary between the two countries. MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1949 The convention also provides for the establishment and mainte- nance of a Canadian Lake of the Woods Control Board to regulate and control the outflow of the waters of the lake, and for the establishment and maintenance of an International Lake of the Woods Control Board, composed of two engineers, one represent- ing the United States and the other representing Canada, to whose approval the rate of total discharge shall be subject whenever the elevation rises above elevation 1,061 or falls below elevation 1,056, sea level datum. Operationsduring the fiscal year. Supervision was maintained and inspections were made to ensure that every effort was being made to comply with the provisions of the convention. INTERNATIONAL RAINY LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL The convention between the United States and Canada, ratified by the United States Senate August 30, 1940, provides in part that: "The International Joint Commission * * * is hereby clothed with power to determine when emergency conditions exist in the Rainy Lake watershed, whether by reason of high or low water, and the Commission is hereby empowered to adopt such measures of control as it may seem proper with respect to existing dams at Kettle Falls and International Falls, as well as with respect to any existing or future dams or works in boundary waters of the Rainy Lake watershed, in the event the Commission shall determine that such emergency conditions exist." On June 8, 1949, the Commission issued an order to the owners of the dams at the outlet of Namakan Lake and Rainy Lake, which provided for a method of regulation as recommended by the In- ternational Rainy Lake Board of Control. The order provides for certain levels during thy various seasons of the year as well as control of outflows, with the view to securing the most advantage- ous use of the water in total to the the various interests. Operations during the fiscal year. Inspections were made, basic data compiled, and engineering reports were submitted to the Commission. INTERNATIONAL PRAIRIE PORTAGE BOARD OF CONTROL The Prairie Portage Board of Control was formed by the In- ternational Joint Commission for the purpose of furnishing it with technical advice regarding the suitability of the dam structure at Prairie Portage, Lake County, Minn. After approval of the plans by the Department of the Army, and the International Joint Com- mission, the Board has been retained to advise the Commission further regarding progress of construction and regarding any other matters which might arise concerning this project. The United States Forest Service constructed a cofferdam be- fore World War II but postponed work on the project during the war. Work has not been resumed except that some repairs were made to the cofferdam in the fall of 1955 to maintain better stages on the chain of lakes above. 1950 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1956 INTERNATIONAL KOOTENAY LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL 'Constitution and duties. The Board was organized to secure compliance with the provisions of the orders of the International Joint Commission dated November 11, 1938, and August 5, 1949, relating to the construction and operation of control works by the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada, Ltd., through the West Kootenay Power and Light Company, Ltd., in and adjacent to the channel of the Kootenay River, and the regula- tion of the levels of Kootenay Lake in the Province of British Columbia. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for the fiscal year were Mr. H. T. Ramsden, Water Resources Division, Depart- ment of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Vancouver, B. C., and Mr. W. C. Warren until August 15, 1955, when he was succeeded by Mr. A. F. Paget, Comptroller of Water Rights, De- partment of Lands and Forests, Victoria, B. C., for Canada; and Col. N. A. Matthias, Corps of Engineers, and Mr. T. R. Newell, United States Geological Survey, Boise, Idaho, for the United States. Operations during the fiscal year. No formal meetings of the Board were held during the fiscal year. Investigations and visits to the area were made by individual members of the Board. The annual report was submitted to the Commission. INTERNATIONAL OSOYOOS LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. A special board of engineers was constituted to ensure compliance with the provisions of the order of the International Joint Commission dated July 12, 1943, direct- ing investigation of high water conditions on the Okanogan River and studies of the relationships between certain obstructions, complained of in an application by the State of Washington, and the levels of Osoyoos Lake. The Board was enlarged from 2 to 4 members by an order of the Commission dated September 12, 1946, to carry out the provisions of the order relative to the opera- tion of the Zosel Dam. Members of the Board. The members of the Board were Mr. H. T. Ramsden, Water Resources Division, Northern Affairs and National Resources, Vancouver, B.' C., and Mr. A. W. Walkey, HIarbours and Rivers Enginieering Branch, Department of Public Works, New Westminster, B. C., for Canada; and Mr. F. M. Veatch, Water Resources Division, United States Geological Sur- v.ey, Tacoma, Wash., and Col N. A. Matthias, Corps of Engineers, for the United States. Operations during the fiscal year. No formal meetings of the Board were held during the fiscal year. Supervision was main- tained to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Interna- tional Joint Commission. The annual report was submittedl to the Commission INDEX A Page Abbapoola Creek, S. C- - - _ 428 Aberdeen, Ohio-- 1099, 1102 Abilene, Smoky Hill River, Kans_ 913 Abiquiu Dam, N. Mex_ 802 Abrahams Creek, Pa----_ 304 Absecon Creek, N. J 258 Absecon Inlet, N. J-------------- 249 Accotink Creek, Va- --- 338 Adams Bayou, Tex _ -------------------- 706 Adams, Hoosic River Basin, Mass__ 193 Adams levee unit, Indiana _ ______________ 1065 Addicks Reservoir, Tex ____ -- 756 Addison, Ky 983 Addison, N. Y -- _ 203 Adena, Ohio _ 1158 Adger, Ala-_ -- 553 Agate Bay (Two Harbors) Minn-- 1193 Aitkin, Minn., Mississippi River near_ 1207 Akron, Ala --------------------------------------------------- 553 Alabama-Coosa Rivers, Ala. and Ga _ 548 Alafia River, Fla. - - - 498 Alamo Reservoir, Bill Williams River, Ariz______________ 1542 Alamogordo Dam, Modification of, Pecos River, N. Mex_ -- 808 Alaska engineering district _ ___________ ____ _-___ 1827 Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal, N. C. and Va., improvement _ Albeni Falls, Idaho_ ------------------------------- ------------ 368 1786 Albuquerque Diversion Channels, N. Mex --- - 806 Albuquerque, N. Mex., engineering district_ __ 797 Alexandria, Va., improvement of Potomac River at _ 338 Algiers Lock, La-----------------_ - - 587 Algoma Harbor, Wis------------------------------------- 1315, 1316 Alhambra, Wash., Los Angeles, Calif 1517 Alice, Tex_ 794 Aliso Creek Dam, Calif_ _--------------- 1527, 1542 Allatoona ResWyoir, Coosa River Basin, Ga_ 570 Allegany on Allegheny River, N. Y- - -- 1158 Allegheny River, Pa. and N. Y.: Construction of locks and dams ------- - 1105 Flood control reservoirs --------------------------------- 1120, 1159 Improvement by open channel work____________ ______ _______ 1118 Allentown, Lehigh River, Pa 260 Alligator River, N. C------------------------ 385 Alloway Creek, N. J--_--------------- ---- 258 Alma, Wis., harbor--------------------------------------- --- 1247 Lock No.4-------------------_- 1244 Almond Reservoir, N. Y_____________________________________ 199, 205, 206, 213 Aloha-Rigolette area, Louisiana _ -- - ______ 623, 636 Alpena Harbor, Mich --------------- ___ 1399, 1400 Altamaha River and Sound, Ga _ _____-446 Alton, Ill., Urban areas ----------- 699,1245 Alton, Ind. --------------------------------------- 1065, 1068 Altus (Lugert) Reservoir, Okla-- . . . .--------- . . 888 Amazon Creek, Oreg- -------------------- 1722, 1725 Ambrose Channels, New York Harbor, N. Y., improvement_ 158 American Channel, Mich ---------------------------------------- 1344 American River, Calif_ 1627 1951 1952 INDEX Page Amherstburg Channel, Detroit River, Mich., improvement -- 1344 Amite River, La------------ ----------- - ------ 621 Amsterdam, Ohio_---------------------- - 1162 Anacortes Harbor, Wash ----------------- 1754 Anacostia River, D. C. & Md___ 316, 339 Reclamation and development of the flats _ 338 Anaheim Bay Harbor, Calif. Beach Erosion Control -- 1544 Anahuac Channel, Tex_ 730 Anchorage at Lowes Wharf, Md - - 302 Anchorage Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y---- 158 Anclote River, Fla---------------------- 512 Anderson, Ind ----------------------------- 1068 Andover Reservoir, Conn ------------------------------------- 101, 126 Angelina River, Tex-------------------------- - 762 Annapolis Harbor, Md -------------------------------------------302 Annisquam River, Mass__ ----------------- - 16 Anthony Shoals Reservoir, Ga-------------------- 447 Apalachicola Bay, Fla., to Mexican border - - - - 528, 583 Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla _ 531 Aplin, Ark-_ . - - 847 Apoon Mouth of Yukon River, Alaska - 1839 Appleton Lock and Dam, Wis-------------- 1266 Appomattox River, Va_____--------------- 370, 371 Appoquinimink River, Del--------------------_ 258 Aqueduct, Washington, D. C., maintenance and repair of- 331 Aquia Creek, Va.. ---------------------------------------- 338 Aransas Bay and Pass., Tex----------------- ---------------------- 714 Arcadia Harbor, Mich ------------------------------------------ _ 1400 Arcadia Wash, Calif -------------------------------------------- 1517 Arcadia, Wis ------------------------------------------------ 1217 Arecibo Harbor, P. R_ 504 Arikaree River, Colo. and Kans ------------------ _- ------ 896 Arkansas River and Tributaries, Ark. and Okla.: Tulsa District ........--------------------- ----------------- 854, 881, 887 Little Rock District ---------------------- ___ ----- _- __-- 819, 844 Vicksburg District---------------- ------------ 649 Arkansas River Basin, Colo: Flood control, Pueblo, Colo-------------------------------------814 John Martin Reservoir, Colo---------------------------------- 798 Arkport Reservoir, N. Y ------------------------------- 198, 206, 213 Arlington, Oreg_ ----------------------------------------------- __ 1823 Arlington Channel, Wash -------------------------------- _ 1811 Arlington Reservoir, Mo------------------ -------------------- 896, 923 Arroyo Colorado, Tex ---------------------------- --------- 714 Arsenal Island, Ill_------------------- ---- ------------ 1245 Arthur Kill, N. Y., bridge across_----------------------- ---- -- 214 Arthur Kill, N. Y. and N.J ------------------------------. 166, 173 Artesia Diversion Channel, N. Mex------------------------- ---- -- 812 Arundel Cove, Md ---------------------------------- ------ 274 Ash Creek, Conn__ ---------- 81 Ashepoo River, S. C., improvement of waterway via - 418 Ashland Harbor, Wis---------------------------------------- 1173 Ashland, Ky------------------------- 982, 1099, 1101, 1102 Ashland City, Tenn ... .. ... .. ... .. ... .. .. 993 Ashley River, S. C ------------------------------------------ 427, 428 Ashtabula Harbor and River, Ohio------------ ----------------- 1422, 1424 ___ Aspinwall, Pa -------------------------------------- -------- 1107 Astoria, Oreg------------------------------------------------- 1695 Atascosa River, Tex ----------------------------- _ -------------- 794 Atchafalaya River, La_-- ------ --------- 620, 621, 654 Atchafalaya Basin -------------------------- ----- --- 1866 Athalia, Ohio --------------------------------------------- 1099, 1102 Atlantic City, N. J- - -- - -- - ------ -J 268 Atlantic-Gulf Ship Canal, Fla 512 INDEX 1953 Page Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway: Between Norfolk, Va., and the St. Johns River, Fla: Norfolk District------------------------- ------- ----- ---- - 367 Wilmington District----------------------------------------- 383 Charleston District ------------------------------------------ 417 Savannah District_- --------- ____ ____--__ - 433 Jacksonville District --------------------------- 511, 512 Atwood Reservoir, Ohio ----------------------------------------- 1080 Augusta, Ga -------------------- 451 Augusta, Kans ------------------------------------------------ 887 Augusta, Ky ------------------------------------------- 1065, 1068 Augusta and Gardiner, Me., Channel between---- -_ _----- - 9 Aurora, Colo-- ------------------------------------------------- 952 Aurora, Ind_ ---------------------------------------------- 1065, 1068 Au Sable Harbor, and Harbor of Refuge, Mich ....-- 1382 Autauga Creek, Ala _ --------------------------------------------- 572 Avery Point, Tex ---------------------------------------------- 743 Avoca, N. Y ---------------------------------------------- ---- 203 Avon, N. C., Channel _ ---------------------------------------- 410, 411 B Back Cove, Maine----------------------------------------------- 11 Back Creek, Md- -- - ------------------------------ 232, 282, 302 Back Sound, N. C__ 403 Bagaduce River, Maine------------------------------ --- , ,--- - 69 Baker Bay, Wash ---------------------------------------------- 1700 Bald Eagle Creek, Pa---- --------------------------------------- 310 Baldhill Reservoir, N. Dak_- --------------------------------- _ 1202 Ballards Reef Channel, Mich _______________ ____________________ 1344 Ball Mountain Reservoir, Vt---- ------------------------ _ 108, 112 Ballona Creek Basin, Calif _ 1504, 1521 Baltimore, Md.: Engineering district ----------------------------------------- 271 Harbor and channels -----------------------------------------271 Harbor, removal of drift -------------------------------------- 277 Bank stabilization and channel rectification, Arkansas River, Ark. and Okla_ -- - --------------------------- --- 823, 824, 826 Banner, Ill., special drainage and levee district_------------------ 1322, 1324 Barataria Bay and Bayou, La_____________________ ___________ _ 621 Barbourville, Ky -------------------------------- 1012 Barcelona Harbor, N. Y 1432 Barden Brook, Pa_ --------------------------------------------- 1161 Bar Harbor, Maine---------------------------------------------- 69 Barker Reservoir, Tex ------------------------------------------- 756 Barkley Dam and Reservoir, Ky ----------------------------------- 993 Barkman Creek, Tex. and Ark ----------------------------- -623, 643, 645 Barnegat Bay and Inlet, N. J---____________ _______________--__- 250 Barnett Creek, Ky __ ------- --------------------------------- 1052, 1065 Barre Falls Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Mass------------ --- 108, 119 Barren Island Gap, Md ------------------------------------------ 282 Barren Reservoir No. 2, Ky --------------------------- ----------- 1067 Barren River, Ky. and Tenn._________________________________ -__ 1032 _ Barroom Bay, Tex--------- ---------------- ------------- - 714 Bartholomew Bayou, La. and Ark_ _______________.. . ____ 654, 655, 663 Bartley, Republican River, Nebr ------------------------------- 896, 923 Bass Harbor Bar, Maine ------------------------------------------ 69 Bastrop Bayou, Tex------------_ --------------------------------- 154 Batavia and vicinity, Tonawanda Creek, N. Y 1458 Bath, Me., channel from mouth ------------------------- . ----- _-- -9 Bath, N. Y... ---------------------------------------------- 203 Baton Rouge to Gulf of Mexico, La--------------- --------- -------- 600 Battery Creek, S. C---------------------------------------- --- 426 Battle Creek, Mich-- 1401 Battle Creek, Nebr..--------------------- ------------ 952 BaUdette Harbor and River, Minn . ---- ------------.. --- - 1193 1954 INDEX Page Bautista Creek, Calif -------------------------------- _ ------ 1534,:1542 Bawcomville, La --------------------------- _ ---------------- 655, 663 Bay City, Oreg --- -- -------- -----.. 1704 Bay City, Wis---... ----- -- ---------- 1216 Bayfield Harbor, Wis_ -------------------------------- 1193, 1214 Bay Island drainage and levee district No. 1 ----------- 1239 Bay Ocean Peninsula, Oreg --------------------------------- 1704, 1721 Bayou Bodcau Reservoir, La ----- _ ----- 623, 631, 643 Bayou Boeuf Lock, La_________________ _____________________________ 588 Bayou Bonfouca, La_ -- - 581, 620 Bayou Coden, Ala---- 559 Bayou Des Cannes, La -__ 613 Bayou Dorcheat, La---_- 621 Bayou Dupre, La- - _ - -621 Bayou Grosse Tete, La _ ------------------------------------------- 621 Bayou LaBatre, Ala-- ---------------------------------- --------- 560 Bayou Lacombe, La-- ------------------------------------------- 582 Bayou Lafourche, La__ -------------------------- 620, 621 Bayou Manchac, La ---------------------------------------------621 Bayou Nezpique, La. ---------------------------- 613 Bayou Pierre, La _________ 623, 634, 643 Bayou Plaquemine Brule, La -- __ 621 Bayou Queue de Tortue, La--------------------------------- ------ 621 Bayous La Loutre, St. Malo and Yscloskey, La ---------- 598 Bayou Segnette, La 21 6------------------ Bayou Sorrel Lock, La_ _ 588 Bayou Teche, La ---------------------------------------- 595, 610, 637 Bayou Terrebonne, La ------------------- --- ------- 621 Bayou Vermilion, La _ 621 Bay Ridge Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y -------------------------- 143 Bay River, N. C ----------------------------------------------- 411 Bayside-Gedney Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y---- --------- _ _-----158 Beach City Reservoir, Ohio 1080 Beach Erosion Board ------------------------------------------ 1909 Beals Harbor, Maine ---------------------------------------------- 5 Bear Creek, Calif------.-- -------------------------------------- 1631 Bear Creek, Ky-- --------------------------------------- 1034, 1036 Bear Creek, Md------------------------------1161 Bear Creek, Miss------------------ - 654 Bear Creek at Hannibal, Mo_________________________________________ 1226 Bear Creek Reservoir, Lehigh River, Pa_ - - -- 259 Bear Dam and Reservoir, Calif ---------- 1645 Beards Brook Reservoir, N. H_______________________________________ 126 Beardstown, Ill -- 1320 Beatrice, Big Blue River, Nebr_ 896, 923 Beaufort Harbor and River, N. C.: Improvement of harbor ------------------------ ---------- 401, 410 Improvement of waterway to Pamlico Sound via Core Sound to Beaufort Harbor - - - - - -- - 397 Beaufort Inlet, N. C_ -------------------------------------------- 400 Beaufort, S. C. to Cumberland Sound, Ga. and Fla_ -------------------- 435 Beaufort, S. C. to Savannah, Ga. Waterway --------------------------- 435 Beaumont Turning Basin, Tex_____ ______ -- __ ______________-706 Beaver and Mahoning Rivers, Pa., and Ohio- ------------------------- 1118 Beaver Bay Harbor, Minn------- ---------------------------------- 1193 Beaver drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg- ---------------------- 1747 Beaver Reservoir, Ark_______________ __________831, 834 Beaver River, Ohio ------------------------------------------ 1159 Beeville, Tex --------------------------------- --------------- 794 Belfast Harbor, Maine--------------------- ---------------------- 69 Belfield, N. Dak ----------------------------------------------- 962 Belhaven Harbor, N. C ------------------------------------- 410, 411 Bellaire, Ohio--- -- ------------------- ------ 1158,1160 Bellamy River, N. H- -_---- --- --- - --- --- 69 Bell drainage district, Sangamon River, Ill--. _ -- - - ----- 1322 INDEX 1955 Page Belle Fourche, Cheyenne River, S. Dak ____ ____--------------- -. 9952 Belle Glade, Fla----------- ------------------- ------------------ 516 Belle Plaine, Kan------------------------------ -------------- 887 Belle River, Marine City, Mich____________________----------- -------- 1400 Belleville, W. Va----------------- ------------------------------------ 982 Bellevue, Iowa Lock---------- ---------------------------------- 1244 Bellevue, Ky------------ ------------------- -- -------- 1065, 1068 Bell Foley Reservoir, Ark----------------- 831 Bellingham Bay and Harbor, Wash_______________------------ 1785 Belpre, Ohio ------------------------ ------------------ 1099, 1102 Belton Reservoir, Leon River, Tex_ 782, 785, 793 Benbrook Reservoir, Tex. See Trinity River__ 766, 775 Benedict, Kansas, West of_______________ ___________- -888 Bennington Hoosic River Basin, Vt- --- 211 Bennington Reservoir, N. H____--------------------------- 126 Ben Run, W. Va------------- ------------------- ----------------- 981 Beresford Creek, S. C------------------------------------------------ 428 Berlin Lock and Dam, Fox River, Wis___----------------------- 1265, 1266 Berlin Reservoir, Ohio__________------------ _______ -- 1149, 1159 Berwick Lock, La..---------------------------------------------- 611 Bethlehem, Lehigh River, Pa---------------------------------- 261 Beverly Harbor, Mass --------------------------------- 69 Biddeford, Maine _------------------------------------------- - 12 Big Annemessex River, Md__---------- ------------------ --------- 291 Big Bay Harbor, Mich--------- ------------------- ------------- 1193 Big Bend Reservoir, S. Dak-------- - ----------------- ______ 935, 952 Big Bend Reservoir, W. Va----------- ---------------------- 1100, 1102 Big Black River, Miss ---------------------------------------- 654, 664 Big Blue River, Kans. and Nebr----------------------------- ------ 896 Big Bull Creek, Kans -------------------------------------------- 896 Big Cliff Reregulating Dam, Oreg -------------- -------------------1722 Big Creek, Ark-------------------- --------------------------- 673 Big (Cunningham) Creek, Ohio__---------- ------------------------ 1458 Big Darby Creek Reservoir, Ohio------------------------------ 1100, 1102 Big Dry Creek Reservoir and diversion, California --------------- - 1662 Big Foot Slough, N. C----------------------------------- ------------ 394 Big Horn River, Mont_---------- ------------------- -------------- 974 Big Lake, Ill------------------------------------------------- 1322 Big Marco Pass, Fla., to Naples, Fla______-------- ----------------- 512 Big Muddy River, Ill_------------------------------ 686 Big Pigeon Bayou, La----------------------------------------- 621 Big Prairie, Ill--------- ---------------- ------------------- -- 1322 Big Sandy River, including Levisa and Tug Forks, Va., W. Va., and Ky _ __ 1077 Flood control reservoirs------- ------------------------------- 1100 Big Sioux River, S. Dak. and Iowa__ __---- --------------------- 932, 943 Big Slough to Belle Plains, Kans --------- --------------------- 856, 887 Big Suamico River, Wis---------------------------- ------------- 1316 Big Sunflower River, Miss ____-------- ----------------------------654 Big Thoroughfare River, Md -------------------------------------- 292 Big Timber Creek, N. J ___------------- ----------------------- 257, 258 Biles Creek, Pa---- --------------------- -- ---------------- 219 Billings, Mont .------------------------------------------------- 972 Biloxi Harbor and Bay, Miss_------ -- ---------------- 569, 570 Bingen, Wash .--------- --------------------------------------- 68Q Binghampton, N. Y ------------------- ------ ---------- ------ 197, 200 Birch Hill Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Mass --------------- 108, 117 Birch Reservoir, W. Va-------- ------------ ------------------ 1100 1102 Bird Shoal, N. C - ---------------------------- --------------- - 402 Bisteneau Lake, La___ ------------------------------------ ------ 621 Black Bayou Reservoir, La_____----- ------------------ ----- _ 23, 643 Black Butte Dam and Reservoir, Calif___ -------------------------- 1618 Blackfish Bayou Ark 671 Blackfoot Area, Idaho_---------------------------------- ----- 1813 Blackfoot River, Idaho .. ..------------------------------------ 1813 Black Point Shoal, Calif_--- ---- --------------------- __- 1552 1956 INDEX Page Black Rascal Creek Calif ------------------- ------------------- 45 Black River, Ark., Mo., and La ___--- ----------------------. __ 649, 828 849 Black River Harbor, Mich --------------------------------------- 1175 Black River Harbor, N. Y ________________ Black River, Mich ----------------------------------------- ______----- ______- __ 1458 1357, 1389 Black River, N. C __ ------------------------ 411 Black River, Ohio ---------------------------------------------- 1414 Black River, Wis__------------------------------------------_ 1193, 1212 Black Rock Channel, N. YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY-YYYYY- 1439 Black Rock Harbor, Conn--------- 63 Blackstone River Basin, Mass. and R. I _________________ Black Walnut Harbor, Md__ _________ ___________ __--__ _--_ ____ 95 302 Black Warrior, Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers, Ala __ - 552 Locks and dams_ _----------------------- -------- 553 Blackwater Reservoir, Merrimack River Basin, N. H_ 90, 93 Blackwater River, Fla__________________________________ 570 Blackwater River, Va_----------------- _ - _------ .371 Blackwell, Okla ------------------------------------------------ 888 Blakely Mountain Reservoir, Ark 658 6----------------------- Blaine Harbor, Wash ------------------------------------------- 1785 Blanchard Reservoir, Pa_---------------------------------- 307 Blieders Creek, Tex --------------------------------------------- 794 Blind slough diking district, Clatsop County, Oreg_- ----- ---- - 1747 Block Island, R. I.: Harbor of refuge-------------------- ------- ---------- -41 Great Salt Pond _------------------- -- --------- -- - 43 Blood River, La _ ----------------------------------------------- 621 Blue Island lock, Ill_ ------------------------------- ------- 1307 Blue Lake, Calif ----------------------------------------------- _ 1590 Blue Mountain Reservoir, Ark ------------------------------------- 845 Blue River Dam, McKenzie Basin, Oreg------------- - -__ 1722, 1748 Bluestone Reservoir, New River, W. Va_ ----------------------- 1096, 1100 Bluewater Floodway, N. Mex __----------------------- _814 Bluff Creek, Miss --------------------------------------------- 570 Boards: Beach Erosion------- --------------------------- ----------- 1909 Engineers for Rivers and Harbors ___ ______________------------------------------- 1843 International: Kootenay Lake Board of Control - __ - 1950 Lake Champlain Board of Control_______________--________ 1941 Lake of the Woods Board of Control _______ - 1948 Lake Ontario Board of Engineers ------------------------ 1943 Lake Superior Board of Control ----- 1947 Massena Board of Control--------------- ---- 1941 Niagara Board of Control-._.---------------------- 1945 Osoyoos Lake Board of Control_________-- __ -________ ___-- 1950 ---------------------------- 1949 Prairie Portage Board of Control_______________________ Rainy Lake Board of Control- ------------------------------ 1949 St. Croix River, Maine, and New Brunswick, Board of Control_ 1940 St. Lawrence River Board of Control - - 1942 Bodcau Bayou, Red Chute, and Loggy Bayou, La---------------- -- 623, 643 Bodcau Bayou Reservoir, La___________________________________ 623, 631 Bodega Bay, Calif _ ------------------------------- --- 1581 Boeuf River, Ark., and La --------------------------- 654 Boggy Creek, Okla ----------------------------------- 857 Bogue Falia, La------------- ----------------------------- 620, 621 Bois de Sioux and Red Rivers, Minn. and N. Dak-------_ 1195, 1205 Boise River, and Valley, Idaho _____________________________ 1813, 1816 Bolivar Reservoir, Ohio ---------------------------------------- 1080 Bolivar Roads, Tex--------------------------------------------- 720 Bolivar Run, Pa___ --------------------------------- 1119 Bonfouca Bayou, La. ----------------------------------------- 581, 620 Bonneville, Oreg.: Construction of dam-at -------- : 1680 Restoration of Indian Fishing Grounds- ---_ -:- ------------- 1684 INDEX 1957 Page Bonpas Creek, Ill-_............. .-- 1065 Booker Bar, Va-_ 328 Booneville Reservoir, Ky__ 1067 Boothbay Harbor, Maine - -- - i--23 69 - Boston Harbor, Mass-_ 21, 23, 69 Boswell Reservoir, Boggy Creek, Okla - 886, 888 Bottle Run, Pa------------------------------- 308 Boulder, Colo___ 952 BowlersWharf, Va------------ 338 Brackenridge, Pa_ - - - - 1158, 1160 Braddock,Pa_---------------------- - 1115 Bradford, Pa 1118 Brady, Tex_ --------------------------- 726 Branciforte Creek, Calif_____ 1585 Brandon Road Lock and Dam, Ill_ - 1308 Brandywine River, Wilmington Harbor, Del_ 407 Branford Harbor, Conn_ 54 Bransons Cove, Va_ 337, 338 Braytonville, Mass- - - ---- 190 Brazos Island Harbor, Tex__ _ 749 Brazos River, Tex __ 781 From Velasco to Old Washington_ 754 Whitney Reservoir-- 779 Braxos Santiago Pass, Tex _ 750 Brea Dam, Calif------------ 1527, 1533 Brenton Harbor Canal, Mich _ 1350 Breton Bay, Md_ 338 Brevoort levee, Indiana -- - 1068 Brewery Street Channel, Conn _ 56 Bridge across Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, Norfolk Harbor, Va 372 Bridge at Arthur Kill, N. Y __________________ ____---_ ----- 214 Bridge at New Harmony, Ind_ 1061 Bridgeport Harbor, Conn - 61, 69 Bridge Relocation, Corpus Christi, Tex__ _ 755 Bridges, Wabash Railroad, Ill_______________ Bridgewater, Va_------------------ - - _________________ _ 679 345 Brilliant, Ohio____________________________________ 1158, 1160 Broad Creek, Md 302 Broad Creek River, Del---- - -- 302 Broad Creek, Va------------__--- 337, 338 Broadkill River, Del______________________ Broad Sound, Boston Harbor, Mass ___-------- - 238, 258 24 Broadwater Creek, Md__ - 302 Brockway, Pa----------------__ 1158, 1160 Brockway Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt_- - 108, 126 Bromley, Ky---------------------------------- 1065, 1068 Bronx River, N. Y ----------- ------------------------- 182 Brooklyn Basin, Calif---------------- ......... ......... .....----- - 1562 Brooklyn, W. Va _ --------------------- _ _ 1099, 1102 Brookport, Ill --------------------- 983, 1063, 1065 Brookville Reservoir, Ind ----------- ---------- 1067 Brown Creek, Okla----------- 886 Browns Creek, N. Y__ ---- 182 Browns Landing, N. C.---------- 405 Brownsville, Ky _ ----------------------------------- --- 1033 Browpnsville, Pa --------------------------------------- 1115 Brownsville, Tex ----------------------------------------------- 714, 750 Brunswick Harbor, Ga---------- ------ --------------- 446 Brush Bayou, La------------ ---------------------------------- 645 Brush Point, St. Marys River, Mich----------- ----------------- 1331 Buchannan River, W. Va ---------------- --------- -- 1118, 1160 Buckhorn Reservoir, Ky---- -- _------------------------ 1043, 1067 Bucksport Harbor, Maine---------- ------------- -- -- 69 Butena Vista, Ohio---- -------------------------- 1099, 1102 Buffalo Bayou, Tex- - -: .--------- ---------- ....-- -..756 1958 INDEX Page Buffalo Creek, N. Dak ---------------------- --------------------- 953 Buffalo, N. Y.: Engineer district------------------------------------------- 1409 Improvement of harbor______________________________ 1435, 1437 Buffalo River, Miss--- ------------------------------------------ 666 Buffalo Ship Canal, N. Y ------------------------------------- 1437 Buffalo, Wyo-- -------------------------------------------- ---- 976 Buffumville Reservoir, Mass___ 101, 103 Buford Dam, Ga__--- --------------------------------- 534, 536 Buggs Island Reservoir, Va. and N. C., flood control. See John H. Kerr Reservoir. Bulkhead Channel, N.C ----------------------------------------- 402 Bull Hook Creek, Mont________________________________ 970 Bull Shoals Reservoir, Ark_________________________________________ 831, 837 Bullocks Point Cove, R. I ----------------------------------------- 69 Bulls Head Point Shoal, Calif___ ------------------------------------- 1604 Burbank western system (lower) Los Angeles, Calif---------------------1504 Burbank western system (upper), Los Angeles, Calif------------_ ----- 1504 Bureau, Ill --------------------------------------------------- 1221 Burial Hill Beach, Conn --------------------------------------- 84 Burial Hill Creek, Conn_ ---------------------------------------- 84,86 Burleson County Levee, Brazos River, Tex_---------------------- 782, 793 Burlington Harbor, Vt -------------------------------- _ ______ ___ 182 Burlington Island, N. J-----_ -- ------------------------------- 219 Burlington, Iowa ---------------------------------------------- 1245 Burlington, Ohio______________________________ ______________ 1099, 1102 Burns Dam and Reservoir, Calif ----------------------------------- 1645 Burnsville Reservoir, W. Va- --------------------------------- 1100, 1102 Burr Creek Channel, Conn _________________________C ____ __ _ 63 Burr Oak Reservoir, Ohio. See Tom Jenkins Reservoir Butte Creek, Calif --------------------------------------------- 1920 Buttermilk Bay (Channel), Mass 69, 143 Buttermilk Channel, N. Y 182 Buzzards Bay, Mass---------------------------------------------30 C Cache River, Ark----------------------------------------------- 673 Cache River Diversion, Ill_________________ _________ 703 Cache Slough, Calif_ -------------------------------------------- 1920 Caddo Lake Dam, La. and Tex____ ___________-___________-____ 580 Caddoa (John Martin) Reservoir, Colo__________________________ 798 Cadiz, Ky ---------------------------------------------------- 992 Cadle Creek, Md ----------------------------------------------- 302 Caesar Creek Reservoir, Ohio______________________________________ 1067 Cagles Mill Reservoir, Ind_______________-____ _____- _ 1060, 1067 Cahaba River, Ala ---------------------------------------------- 570 Cajon Creek, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif------------------ 1526, 1527, 1542 Calapooya River, Oreg -- 1724 Calaveras River, Calif -------------------------------------- 1615, 1629 Calcasieu Pass and River, La -------------------------------------- _ 615 Lock------------- ---------------------------------------- 587 Caledonia, N. Y ----------------------------------------------- 1463 California Debris Commission_------------------------- 1913 California, Ohio________________________________________________ 1065, 1068 Calion Lock and Dam, Ark________________________________ 651, 655, 662 Calumet Harbor and River, Ill. and Ind., improvement of harbor (South Chicago Harbor) 1297, 1308 Calumet Lake, Ill -------------------------------------------- 1296 Calumet Sag Channel, Ill__________________________________ __ 1306 Camas Creek Area, Idaho _ ------------------------------------- 1813 Camas-Washougal Turning Basin, Wash ----------------------------- 1686 Cambridge Harbor, Md_ 302 Cambridgeport Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt --------------- 108, 126 Camden Harbor, Maine, _ 69 Campbells Island, Ill____ - - - - -_ 1235 Canadian River Canyon, N. Mex- ---- _ - --------- 800 INDEX 1959 Page Canadian River, N. Mex., Tex., and Okla ----------------------------- 879 Canal Point, Fla ----------------------------------------------- 516 Canapitsit Channel, Mass_- - -- 69 Canasawacta Creek, N. Y __________________ _______________ 211 Canaveral Harbor, Fla- 471 Cane Creek, La--------- ------ 645 Cane River-Red Bayou Channel, La_________________________________ 621, 635 Caney Creek, Okla. and Kans_ ------------- 888 Caney River, Okla-_ -------- 870 Caney Fork River, Tenn -------- 1008 Canisteo River, N. Y_ --------------- 204 Cannelton, Ind _- 1049, 1065 Canton, Mo., Mississippi River 1228, 1245 Canton Reservoir, Okla----------------------- 859 Canyon Reservoir, Guadalupe River, Tex 789 Cap Au Gris, Mo .-------------- - 1245 Cape Charles City Harbor, Va_ 370, 371 Cape Cod Bay and Canal, Mass - - 30 Cape Fear River, N. C_--__ ___ 404 Cape Girardeau, Ill. and Mo-..- 681 Cape Lookout, N. C., harbor of refuge-------------------------------411 Cape May Harbor, Cold Spring Inlet, N. J________________----- 266 Cape Porpoise Harbor, Maine_ -------------------------------------- 69 Cape Vincent Harbor, N. Y _____________________________-_---_ 1458 Capsante Waterway, Wash --------------------------------------- _ 1755 Carbon Canyon Dam and Channel, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif, ____ 1527, 1531 Cardens Bottom drainage district No. 2, Arkansas River, Ark___---- 849 Carlin Bayou, La----------------------- -------- ---- __ 621 Carlyle Reservoir, Ill., Upper- Miss. River Basin__ 699, 702 Carpinteria to Point Mugu Beach Erosion Control, Calif_ 1544 Carrabelle Bar, Harbor, and River, Fla__________________________ 569, 570 Carroll County levee and Drainage District No. 1, Ill--------------------1238 Carrollton, Ky --------------------------------------- 1031, 1065, 1068 Carter Creek, Mo 72 8----------------- Carters Creek, Va -------------------------- _ -------------------- 338 Carthage, Mo ------------------------------------------------- 872 Carthage Dam and Reservoir, Tenn _ 995, 996 Carvers Harbor, Maine ------------------------------------------- 69 Casa Blanca, N. Mex _-------------------------------------------- 815 Cascadia Dam, South Santiam River, Oreg----- 1722, 1748 Cascades Canal, Oreg- - ---------------------------------- 1721 Caseyville, Ky _ -------------------------------------------- 1065, 1068 Cashie River, N. C --------------------------- 411 Casselton, N. D----------------------------------- Castle Point, N. Y --------------------------------- - 1213 149 Castle Rock, Cowlitz River, Wash--------------- __- -- 1744 Castlewood Dam and Reservoir, Colo -- - 952 Catching Inlet Drainage District, Coos River, Oreg----- 1750 Catfish Point, La _.. 641 Cathance River, Maine 69 Cathlamet Channel, Oreg ------- 1695 Cat Ledge, Mass _ 17 Catlettsburg, Ky _ 1093, 1099 Cattaraugus Creek, N. Y _------------------- -- -- 1458 Cave-in-Rock, Ill_ 1065, 1068 Cave Run Reservoir, Ky 1067, 1068 Cayuga Creek, and Island, N. Y___ 1444 Cedar Bayou, Tex., improvement - 734 Cedar Bay to Thoroughfare Bay, N. C., improvement -------- 411 Cedar Creek, Conn _ 63 Cedar Creek, Mo .. -- -- 896 Cedar Hill Reservoir, Mo_ -------- 702 Cedar Island, Maine, N. H_ --- 15 Cedar Keys Harbor, Fla_--- - 511, 512 Cedar Point Reservoir, Kans ---------------------....... --- 887 1960 INDEX Page Cedar River Harbor, Mich -________________- _--___- 1316 Cedars Lock and Dam, Wis__________________________ _____-_-- -1266 Celilo Falls, Oreg 1810 Celina Dam and Reservoir, Tenn__________ ___________ _996 Center Hill Reservoir, Tenn_____________ ________------------ 1019, 1025 Centinela Creek, Los Angeles, Calif______________ _______________________ 1521 Central and Southern, Fla -__________________--_ -- _- - 513 Central City Reservoir, Iowa__________________________ ______ 1238 Ceredo-Kenova, W. Va_____- ___----------------------- 1099, 1101, 1102 Chadakoin River, N. Y ______________________________ 1158 Chain of Rocks, Ill-____________---_____-___-_______ 677, 695 Chambersburg, Ohio--_____-_- ______--___-_--_____ - 1099, 1102 Chamita Dam and Reservoir, Rio Chama, N. Mex______ 801 Chandlerville, Ill., east of___________ ________________----- __ 701, 1318 Chandlerville No. 2 Reservoir, Ill___._- __-.. - _-___-__-__--- -- - _ 1322 Channel between North and South Hero Islands, Lake Champlain, Vt- - -182 -_ Channel from Pamlico Sound to Avon, N. C _ ------ _ Channel from Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca_ - _ __ _ - _ - -- _ _ -__ _ _ _ 410, 411 740 Chariton River, Iowa and Mo 918 Charleroi, Pa- --------- -- ----------------------------------- 1115 Charles Mill Reservoir, Ohio______________----------------------- 1080 Charleston, Oreg--------------- -------- -=----___ 1717 Charleston, S. C.: Engineering district--------------------- ----- 417 Improvement of harbor__ -- 421 Charlestown, Mass------ ----------- ------ ---- --- 21 Charlevoix Harbor, Mich_____--- ---- ________ __________ 1373 Charlotte Harbor, Fla _ ______________ 494 Charlotte (Rochester) Harbor, N. Y -- Chatfield Reservoir, Colo-_--- __ ___--___ -- ____________- _________________________ 1449 948 Chatham Roads, Mass------------------------------------__------ 33 Chatham (Stage) Harbor, Mass______---__-___-_- Chattahoochee River, Ga. and Ala_ -__ _________________________-- ___ 33, 69 531 Chattanooga, Tenn., and Rossville, Ga________________ ________--__-1026 Chatooga Reservoir, Ga. and S. C--_____-____-__ ____________- ____ 447 Cheat River, W. Va-_ _------- --- _________-_-_____________ 1118 Cheatham Lock and Dam, Tenn ___________-_ ______________---993 Cheboygan Harbor and River, Mich_________________ ______ 1376, 1399 Cheesequake Creek, N. J _ 182 Chefuncte River, La.---------- -----------------. - ------ 620, 621 Chehalis River, Wash-------------------------------------- - 1775 Chelsea River Channel, Mass___________________________ ____ 24 Chena Slough, Alaska-_ _____--_ 1840 Chenango River, N. Y------------- 212 Cherry Creek Dam and Reservoir, Colo___- --------- _ ----- - - 946 Cherry Valley Reservoir, Calif ___________----.------.- -_ _- 1636 Chesapeake Bay, Del. and Md___________ _ ---- 232 Chesapeake and Ohio Canal dam-_-_ Chesapeake, Ohio--- ---------------- - --- -- -------------- --- , --- ---------- 1099, 1102 342 Cheshire, Ohio------ ---------------------------- 1099, 1102 Chester River, Md - ---- -------------------------------- _ _ 279 Chester River, Pa --------- ----------------------------------- 258 Cheswick, Pa------------------------------------------ 1107 Chetco River, Oreg-------------------------- - 1721 Chicago Harbor and River: Improvement of harbor Improvement of river_ _______ ___________ --- ______--- -- .-------- _---_ 1291, 1315 . 1293 Shore Protection---... ----------------------- -- _=- -- _- 1325 Chicago, Ill., engineering district _ _ _ ___ _ __ _ _ _ _- - - 1259 Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, -- ___________________________---1307 Chickamauga, Tenn ------------------------------------------- 1004 Chickasaw Creek, Ala______________________________ _. - 546 Chico Landing, Calif ---------------------------- -------------- 1617 Chicopee, Connecticut River Basin, Mass 109, 125, 126, 127 Chief Joseph Dam, Wash-- - - -_ ------ - - -- -- 1763 INDEX 1961 Page Chillicothe Reservoir, Mo---------------- -------- _------ _ --- 923 Chilo, Ohio------------------------- ------- - - 982, 1065, 1068 Chincoteague Inlet and Bay, Va . . . . .295 Chino Creek, Calif _ --------------------------------- 1526, 1527, 1529 Chippawa-Grass Island Pool, N. Y--------------------------- ___ __ - 1447 Chippewa Harbor, Isle Royale, Mich__________________1174 Chisholm Creek,Kans ------------------------------------------- 855 Chittenango Creek and tributaries, New York_ - 1463 Chocolate Bayou, Tex----------------------- -------------------- 736 Choconut Creeks (Big & Little), N. Y-- ..- _ :196 Choctawahatchee Bay and River, Fla. and Ala - 570 From Gulf of Mexico into -------------------- -544 Choptank River, Md....-------------------------------------------- 302 Chouteau, Nameoki, and Venice drainage and levee district, Illinois-- ------- 703 Chowan River, Va. and N. C------------------------------------- 411 Christiansted Harbor, St. Croix, V. I---------------------- 512 Cincinnati, Ohio___---------------------------------- 982, 1039, 1065, 1068 City Waterway, Tacoma Harbor, Wash_ 1773 Claiborne Harbor, Md------------------------ 302 Claiborne Lock and Dam, Ala--------------------- _-------------- 550 Clam Creek, N. J - - ---------------------- ----- --------------- 249 Claremont Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, N. H_ ------ 108, 126 Clarendon to Laconia Circle, Ark-----_ _-.....-.-- .- 673 Clarington, Ohio-------------------------- ------ --- 1099, 1102 Clark Creek, S. C ---------------------------------------------- 428 Clark Hill Reservoir, Ga. and S. C--------------- 447, 450 Clarksville, Ark_.----------------------------------------------- 849 Clarksville,Ind------------------------ _--- 1044, 1066 Clarksville, Mo., Lock ------------------------------------------ 1245 Clatskanie River, Oreg--------------- ------------------------------- 1721 ClearCreek Drainage District, Ill ------------------------------ 680, 684 Clear Creek and Lake, Tex ..... . - 754 Clear Lake levee, Ill -------------------------------------------- _ 1322 Clearwater Reservoir, Mo__ -------------------------------- ___________________________ 831, 840 Clearwater River, Idaho, South Fork of.---------------------- 1813 Clearwater River, Minn __...- -. --.- - 1194, 1198 Clendening Reservoir, Ohio_ --. ________-_________________ _____1080 Cleveland Harbor, Ohio -------------------------------- 1416 Cleveland and Lakewood, Ohio ------------------------------------ 1467 Cleves, Ohio......--------------------------------------------- 1065, 1068 Clewiston Fla_ ------------------------------- 491, 516 Clifton, W. Va -------------------------------------------- 1099, 1102 Clinch River, Tenn. and Va -------------------------------------- 1008 Clinton Harbor, Conn------------------------------ ------------ - 69 Clinton, Ind,----------- _. -------- - ---------------- 1065, 1068 Clinton, Iowa, Lock--------------------------- _--- --------- 1244, 1247 Clinton, Pa.......--------------------------------------------------1107 Clinton River, Mich--------- -- -------------------------------- 1400 Clintwood Reservoir, Va ---------------------------- 1100, 1102 Clooney Island, La-------------- -------------- - -- -------- 616 Cloverport, Ky..------------------------------------------ 1065, 1068 Clyde Pawtucket River Basin, R. I__________ _______ 126 Coal Creek Drainage and Levee District, Ill_ - - - 1322, 1324 Coal Creek and Tributaries (Lake City), Tenn--------- ------ - -_ 1022 Coal Grove, Ohio .... .------------------------------------------ 1099, 1102 Coal Lick Run, Pa------------- --------------- ----------------- 1145 Coan River, Va----------- ------------------------------------ 338 Coasters Island Harbor, R. I_ 69 Cobscook Bay, Maine ------------------------- 69 Cocheco River, N. H-------------------------- ------------- 70, 127 Cochrane, Wis_-------- ---------------------------------------- 1247 Cockrell Creek, Va----------------------- --------------- 338 Cocoa, Fla., Lock ----------- ---------------- ------- ------- 472 CodenBayou,Ala .------------- 559 Codorus Creek, Pa---- --------- . -311 1962 INDEX Page Coeur D'Alene, Idaho-_ -- ___________-- -1794 - ________________ Cohansey River, N. J-------------------------------------------- 245 Cohasset Harbor, Mass_________________________________- __ 70 Cold Brook Reservoir, S. Dak ------------------------------------- 933 Cold Spring Inlet, N. J_---- _________________ ___---------- 247, 266 Coldwater River, Miss ------------------------------------------- 654 Cole Creek, Ill ----------------------------------------------- 1317 Colfax, La - 623, 643 Colfax, Wash __ ------------------------------------- 1818 College Hill, Ky ----------------------------------------------- 1031 Collinsville, Ala ------------------------------------------------ 572 Collinsville to Shasta Dam, Calif________ _______________- -_____-__ 1617 Colona, Ill____ _ ----------------------------------------------- 1222 Colonial Beach, Va_ --------------------------------------------- 338 Colorado River, Tex______________-____________________________ 714 Colorado Springs, Fountaine que Bouille River, Colo--------------------- 797 Columbia drainage and levee district No. 3, Illinois _ 693 Columbia, La -------------------------------------------------- 657 Columbia Lock and Dam, Ala _____ __-_______-_____ _______ 534 Columbia River, Oreg. and Wash.: At Baker Bay, Wash ---------------------------------------- 1700 Below Vancouver, Wash. and Portland, Oreg _ _----------_ _ _ 1693 Between Chinook, Wash., and the Head of Sand Island_------------ 1721 Between Vancouver Wash. and The Dallas, Oreg 1685 Bonneville, Oreg., construction of dam at----------------- - 1680 Bridges at Cascade locks ---------------------------------- 1721 Cascades Canal _________ __ ____ ___________ 1721 Celilo Falls to Kennewick, Wash_______________________________ 1810 Chief Joseph Dam, Wash ------------------------------------- 1763 Dalles Dam---------------------------------- 1676 Local flood protection-_____ ______________- - 1745, 1747, 1794, 1813 McNary Dam --------------------------------------------- 1806 Priest Rapids Dam ---------------------------------------- 1794 Mouth improvement ___________-___________ _ -1702 Wenatchee to Kettle Falls, Wash_______ -- --____-__________ 1785 1721 Columbia Slough, Oreg- - ___-_- -- - _____________ ______________ Commercial Point, Mass___ --------------------------------------- _ 26 Compo Beach, Westport, Conn- ________________________ ______ 87 Compton Creek, Los Angeles River Basin ----------------------------1505 Compton Creek, N. J -------------------------------------------- 174 Conchas Dam and Reservoir, N. Mex -------------------------------- 799 Concordia, Ky -------------------------------------------- 1065, 1068 Conecuh River, Ala ---------------------------------------------570 Conemaugh River Reservoir, Pa______________ -_____________ 1138, 1159 Coney Island Channel, N. Y --------------------------------------- 182 Coney Island Creek, N. Y ---------------------------------------- 182 Congaree River, S. C_--------------------- - 428 Congresses of Navigation, Permanent International Association of----------1931 Conn Brown Harbor, Tex ,_-------------------------------- -- ------ 715 Conneaut Harbor, Ohio _ 1426 Connecticut River Basin, Vt., N. H., Mass., and Conn------------------- 106 Connecticut River, Mass. and Conn.: Above Hartford, Conn________ - _--_-- ___-_-___-- -70 Below Hartford, Conn_---------------------------------- 49 Consolidated diking and improvement district No. 1, Cowlitz County, Wash_ 1747 Contentnea Creek, N. C-_______________ _______________- - _ 411, 414 Conway County levee district No. 6, Arkansas River, Ark---------- ------- 849 Conway County levee districts Nos. 1, 2, and 8, Arkansas River, Ark-------- 849 Cooper River, N. J---------------------------------------------243 Cooper River, S. C-- --------------- 422 Cooper Reservoir, Tex__________________________________________ 623, 643 Coosa River, Ga. and Ala _______________________________ _____ 548 Coosaw River, S. C--------------------------------------------- 418 Coos Bay, Harbor, and River, Oreg.: Improvement of entrance to bay and harbor-,_ ---- - 1716 Improvement of river- ----_ - ------ __ --- - 1721 INDEX 1963 Page Copes Corner Reservoir, N. Y ________.__.____________--------.. . 198, 206 Coquille River, Oreg ...----------- ------------------ --------- 1719, 1748 Coralville Reservoir, Iowa__ ---------------------------------1231, 1238 Coraopolis, Pa -------------------------------------------- 1158, 1160 Cordova Harbor, Alaska ------------------------ ----------------- 1839 Core Sound, N. C -------- --------------------------- ____ ------- 402 Corea Harbor, Maine-------------------------------------------- 70 Corney, La ----------------------------------------- ---------- 654 Corning, N. Y --------------------------------------------- 197, 201 Cornucopia Harbor, Wis. ----- -- -- - ____-_-1171 Corpus Christi, Tex.: Channel to Encinal Peninsula naval seaplane base-------------------- 754 Gulf Intracoastal--------------------------------------------714 Improvement of channel to Aransas Pass ------------------------ -742 Corsica River, Md. ---------------------------------------------- 302 Cosmopolis, Wash --------------------- ------------ 1777 Cottage Grove Reservoir, Oreg--------------------------- 1722, 1731 Cottonwood Springs Reservoir, S. Dak__________________------------ 933 Cougar Dam, Oreg---- ---------------------------------- 1722, 1735 Council Bluffs, Iowa ----------------------------------- ------ 935, 952 Council Grove Reservoir, Kans -------------------------------... -_887 Courtenay, Fla., channel improvement__________________ ------------------------------ 12 Covington, Ky.---------------------------------------1037, 1065, 1068 Cow Bayou, Tex_ ----------------------------------------------- 706 Cow Creek, Kans -----------------------------------------------854 Cowlitz County Consolidated Improvement District No. 2, Wash----------- 1750 Cowlitz County drainage improvement districts Nos. 1, 2, 5, 11, 13 and Wash_ 1748 Cowlitz River, Wash. and Oreg ------------------------------- _ 1699, 1748 Coyote Valley Reservoir, Calif --------------------------------- 1582 Craig Harbor, Alaska ------------------------------------------- 1839 Crane Brook, N. Y---------------------------------------------1463 Crane Creek, Ill ____________ ___________________--------------------------------1322, 1324 Cranes Creek, Va---- --------------------------------------- 337, 338 Cranesville, N. Y_ ----------------------------------------------- 156 Craney Island, Va------------- --------------------------------- 363 Craven Shoal, New York Harbor, N. Y., improvement ------------------ 158 Crawford County levee district, Arkansas River, Ark ----------------- _- .849 Creede, Willow Creek, Colo-------------- -------------------------- 814 Crescent City Harbor, Calif-------- ------------------ ------------ 1547 Criehaven Harbor, Maine --- ------------ ------------------ 70 Crisfield Harbor, Md ..------------------------------------------- 290 Crooked Creek Reservoir, Pa______----------------------------- 1134, 1159 Crooked River, Mich-------- ---------------------------------- 1378 Crooked Slough Harbor, Minn _____________- ________------- --------- 1247 Cross-Florida, Waterway, Fla ______- ___-_____---__-- - -- 512 Cross Rip Shoals, Mass- ----------------------------------- -- 70 Crow River, Minn---___--- ------ --------------------------- 1213 Crystal River, Fla___ ---------------------------------------- 512 Cubits Gap, La_ ------------------------------------------------ 602 Cuivre River, Mo----------- ----...............------------ 679 Culvers Bar, Conn ------------------------------------- 60 Cumberland, Ky----------- ----------------------- 1026 Cumberland, Md ---------------- --------------- ------------- - 341 Cumberland City, Tenn------------------------------------ -- 992 Cumberland River, Ky., and Tenn____________----_____--------- 991 Above Nashville -------------------------------------------- 994 Below Nashville---------------------------------------- --- 991 Cumberland Sound, Ga. and Fla., to St. Johns River, Fla., waterway-------- 435 Cunningham Creek, Ohio- -------------------------------------- 1458 Current River, Ark., and Mo-------------------- -- ------- -828 Curtis Bay, Md ------------------------------- 74 2---------- Curwensville Reservoir, Pa--------------------------------------- 307 Cuttyhunk Harbor, Mass------ ----------------------- ----- 36 Cuyahoga River, Ohio ....._..-1417 Cypress Bayou and waterway between Shreveport, La., and Jefferson, Tex_- 579 1964 INDEX Page Cypress Creek, Md ---- ---- ------------------ -- --- - -- --- 302 Cypress Creek Reservoir, Tenn-- ------------- ---------------- 672 D Dalecarlia Reservoir, Washington, D. C 3----------------- Dale Hollow Reservoir, Tenn. and Ky--_ __----- ------------ -1016, 1025 Dallas, Floodway, Tex------ ----------------------------- --- 773, 794 Dalles-Celilo Canal, Oregon and Wash., improvement.- 1678 Dalles Dam, Oregon_------- ------------------- ----------------- 1676 Dam A Reservoir, Neches River, Tex _ 762, 766 Dam B Reservoir, Neches River, Tex___________ __------- -- 762, 764 Damariscotta River, Maine----- _________----- 70 Dancing-Swann Point Shoal Channel, Va- - 355 Dansvile and vicinity, Genesee River, N. Y- -- 1462 Danville, Ark------------------------------ ----------- - - - 846 D'Arbonne Bayou, La --------------------------------- Dardanelle Dam and Reservoir, Ark- .-.--- Darien River and Harbor, Ga-------------- ----------------- ---- ----------- _-- - - 820, 824 654 446 DarkHead Creek, Md ------------------------------- 302 Dashields Lock, Pa---_----- ------------------------------------ 981 Dauphin Island Bay, Ala_ - _______________ --------- 557 Davenport Center Reservoir, N. Y____________--___- ________---197, 206 Davenport, Iowa, Harbor ---------------- 1247 Davis Creek, Va------------------------------- 352 Davis Lock, St. Marys River, Mich ____ 1329, 1331 Day Creek, Tex. and Ark -- --- 645 Dayton, Ky ------------------------------------ 1065, 1068 Dayton, Touchet River, Wash-------- ---------- 1823 Dayton, Wyo------------------------ - ----- ----- -- 975 Deal Island, Md.: Lower Thoroughfare ----------------------------------------- 289 Upper Thoroughfare ----------------------------- 302 Deep Bayou, Ark. and La -------- ----------- 663 Deep Creek, Va ----------------------------------- 302, 357 Deep River, Wash--------------------------------------------- 1721, 1747 Deer Creek Prairie levee unit, Indiana_ 1066 Deer Creek Reservoir, Ohio ---- ------------ 1100, 1102 Deer Island area, Columbia County, Oreg------------ 1747 Deer Island Thoroughfare Maine ------------ 70 Degognia and Fountain Bluff Levee and Drainage District, Ill_-- _ 687 De Gray Reservoir, Ark --------------------------- ------------ 658 Delanco, N.J- -------------------------------------- -- - -- _ 219 Delaware Bay and River, Pa., N. J., and Del.: ... -- ---- At Camden .--- ---- ---------------------- -------- 257, 258 At or near mouth of Neversink River- - -- - ---- ------ - - --- 258 Harbor of Refuge......-----......--------------------------- -------. 258 Philadelphia to sea ------------- ---------------- -- 221 Philadelphia to Trenton------ ----------------- ------------- 217 Delaware City Branch Channel__------------------- ----- 232 Delaware Reservoir, Ohio-------------------------- ----- 1082, 1100 Delaware River, Kans ---- -------------------------- 896 Delphi, Ind---------------------------------------------------- 1066, 1068 Demopolis Lock and Dam, Ala-- 553 Denison, Iowa ---------------------------------- --------- 52 Denison Reservoir, Tex. and Okla---------------- - ----- 883 DennisCreek, N.J .------------------------------------- :: 258 Denton Creek, Tex_ -645 De Pere, Wis ---------------------------------------- 1262 Lock and Dam-...... - --- 1265, 1266 De Poe Bay, Oreg----------- ---------------- -- - __ 1705 Depoe Creek, Yaquina River, Oreg ------------------. _ - 1------ -1750 Derby, Ind------------------------------------------- ----- 066, 1069 des Cyprairres Bayou, La----------------- ----------- ----_ 45 Des Moines River, Iowa ------------------------------------ 701, 1238 Des Moines and Mississippi levee district No. 1- - ------ ------- 1238 INDEX 1965 Page Detroit, Mich., engineering district--- 1327 Detroit Reservoir, Oreg------ 1722 , 1738 Detroit River, Mich----- --------------------------------- 1341 Devil Creek, Calif----------- ------- ------ _--- 1534 ,1535 Dewey Reservoir, Ky ----------------------------- 1095 , 1100 Dexter Reregulating Dam, Oreg ________________ ____________________ 1722 Diamond "A" Dam, N. Mex ------------------- 811 Dickinson Bayou, Tex-------------- --------------------------- 754 Diking and improvement district No. 4, Wahkiakum County, Wash ........ 1747 Diking and improvement district No. 5, Cowlitz County, Wash - 1747 Diking district No. 2, Clatsop County, Oreg_______________ ____________ 1747 Diking district No. 3, Clatsop County, Oreg - -- 1747 Diking district No. 5, Clatsop County, Oreg 1747 Diking districts Nos. 1 and 3 (Puget Island) and Little Island Wahkiakum County, Wash --------------------- 1747 Diking improvement district No. 2, Cowlitz County, Wash - 1748 Diking improvement district No. 13, Cowlitz County, Wash - 1748 Diking improvement district No. 1, Pacific County, Wash 1747 Diking improvement district No. 11, Cowlitz County, Wash_ - 1748 Dillon Reservoir, Ohio ___________- -__ 1084 , 1100 Dillonvale, Ohio------ --------------------------- 1158 Dismal Swamp Canal, Va -_ -__-__- 368 District of Columbia: Anacostia River, reclamation of flats_ 338 Aqueduct, increasing water supply --- 331 Improvement of Potomac River ------- __ 31 6, 319 Dog River, Miss_ 562 Donovan levee, Illinois ------------------ --------------- -- 1322 Dorchester Bay and Neponset River, Mass_______________ ______________ 26 Dorena Reservoir, Oreg__________________------------- 1722 , 1732 Double Bayou, Te------ ------------------------------------- 730 Double Creek, N. J_------------- ------------------ ------- 258 Dover, Ky--------------------------------------- 994, 1066 , 1069 Dover, Ohio, Reservoir---------------------------- 1080 Drainage district No. 1, Clatsop County, Oreg ______________________ 1747 Drakies Cut, Ga _------------------- 438 Dresbach, Minn- 1244 Dresden Island, Ill----------------------- -- 1308 Drum Inlet, N. C--------------------------------- 4110,411 Drum Island, S. C_-- ----------------------- 422 Drury drainage district, Ill______________ 1238 Dry Creek, Kans__------- --------- 912 Dry Creek, N. Y -------------------------------- --- 1463 Dry Pass, Alaska ------------ ------------------ -- 1839 Dry Run, Iowa ------------------- 1212 Dry-Sweetwater Lakes, N. Dak_ ------ 1216 Dubuque, Iowa, Lock_ ----- 1244 Duck Island Harbor, Conn ---------- 70 Duck Island Roads, Conn ------------- 46 Duck Point Cove, Md ----- 302 Duck River, Tenn_ -- ------------------------- 1008 Du Lac Bayou, La ---------------------------------- 621 Duluth-Superior Harbor, improvement of- - - -- 1169 Dunkirk Harbor, N. Y__ 1433 Dunns Creek, and Crescent Lake, Fla -.- 512 Dupre Bayou, La -------------------- 621 Dutch Kills, N. Y -- ---- 145 Duxbury Harbor, Mass DuxburyHarbor, Mass--------------------- --- --------- i----- ---- - 70 Dyberry Reservoir, Dyberry Creek, Pa -- 262 Dyke Creek, N. Y_ _ ------ 1459 Dymers Creek, Va_-- ------ ----- 338 Eagle Creek, N. Mex______ 812 Eagle Creek Reservoir, Ohio. 1160 -1 1966 INDEX Page Eagle Gorge Reservoir, Wash --------------------------------------- 1789 Eagle Harbor, Mich_ _-------------------------- 1180 East Barre Reservoir, Winooski River Basin, Vt ----- ______ - - 186 East Bay Bayou, Tex_ --------------------- 754 East Boothbay, Harbor, Maine______________ 69, 70 East Branch, Clarion River Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Pa- 1124, 1159 East Brimfield Reservoir, Mass__________ 101, 104 East Cache Creek, Okla_-------------------- 889 East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek Drainage District, Ill--_-- 680 East Chester Creek, N. Y __ _____________________----------- 182 Eastern Point, Mass---_ 17 East Fork Reservoir, Ohio_ ---------- 1067 East Hartford, Conn__------------------ ------- 109, 125, 126, 127 Eastland, Leon River, Tex - ----------- 793 East Liverpool, Ill- 1322 East Lynn, W. Va - ------ --------- 1100, 1102 East Pass Channel, Fla., from Gulf of Mexico into Choctawhatchee Bay ...- _ 544 East Pearl River, Miss-------------------------------------- 570 East Peoria, Ill------ -------- ---------- ---------- 1322 East Poplar Bluff and Poplar Bluff, Mo__ _ 828 East River, Conn----------------- 53 East River, N. Y ---------- ----------------- 182 East River Turning Basin, Wis ---------------- ---- - 1262 East Rockaway (Debs) Inlet, N. Y ------------------- 141 East St. Louis and vicinity, Ill------ - - 696 East Sidney Reservoir, N. Y --------------------------- 198, 206, 213 East Twin Creek, Calif------------------ 1534, 1535 Eaton Wash, Calif__------------------ 1517 Eau Gallie, Fla ----------------- ------------ 512 Echo Bay Harbor, N. Y --------- 182 Eddyville, Ky ------------------- ------------------- 992 Edenton Harbor, N. C______ -- 411 Edgartown Harbor, Me _ ----------------------- --- 70 Edgartown Harbor, Mass___________-------------------------- ------- 69 Edisto River, S. C_---------------------- 428, 429 Edward MacDowell Reservoir, N. H---------------------- 90, 92 -- Edwardsville, Pa -------------------------- ------------------ 305 Eel River, Calif -------------------------------------------- 1589 Egegik River, Alaska_ 1839 Egmont Channel, Fla_ ------------------- 499 Eightmile River, Conn_ _______ 51 Elfin Cove, Alaska-_ _- ------------------------- 1839 Elizabeth, Pa_ _ -------------------- - 1115 Elizabeth River, N. J------------------------ 182 Elizabeth River, Va.: Improvement of Norfolk Harbor, including Eastern, Southern, and Western Branches -------------------- 361, 366 Elizabethtown, Ill--------------------_ 1066, 1069 Elk City, Kansas, west of_------------- -- - 888 Elk City (Table Mound) Reservoir, Kans---------------- 882, 888 Elkins, W. Va--_------------------------------ 1144, 1158 Elkport, Iowa--------------------------------- --- 1238 Elk River, Ala. and Tenn----------------------------- ----- 1008 Elk River, Md ----------------- ---------------------------- 232, 302 Elk River, W. Va ---------------- - 1077 Ellis Island, N. Y---------- ----------------------------------- 149 Elmira, N. Y ------------------- 201 Elokomin slough, Washington_ 1721 Elsberry Levee, Upper Mississippi River_ 704 Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash, Calif___________ 1513 Empire, La., improvement of waterway to the Gulf of Mexico -_ 609 Empire, Ohio- _-------------------- 1158, 1160 Emsworth Lock, Pa ------- ---- ------------------ 981 Endicott, Johnson City and Vestal, N. Y _ 195 Engelhard, N. C ------------ --- ------ 391 INDEX 1967 Page England Pond levee unit, Illinois----------------------- 1066 English Kills, N. Y-------------- ----------------------- 146 Enid, Okla ------ -------------- ------ - 857 Erie, Colo ------------------- _ -------------------------- 952 Erie Harbor, Pa----------------------------- 1428 Escambia River, Fla -------------------------------------------- 570 Escondido Creek, Tex________________ ______________ _ 791, 793 Espanola, N. Mex_ 815 Essex River, Mass__________________ 69, 70 Eufaula Reservoir, Okla___________________________ ___ 879 Eugene, Oreg_ ------------------------------------------------- 1725 Eureka Channel, Calif --------------------------------------- 1550 Eureka Lock and Dam, Wis_________--- ---------------------------- 1266 Evanston, Ill--------------- --- 1325 Evansville, Ind-_ 988, 1053, 1066 Everett Harbor, Wash---------------- 1761 Everglades, Fla_ --------- 514 Exeter River, N. H --------------- 70 F Fabius River, Mo_--- 1227, 1238 Fairbanks, Alaska ------------------- 1840 Fairfield, N. C------------ 385 Fairhaven and New Bedford Harbors, Mass----- 69, 70 Fairport Harbor, Ohio _ -------------------------------------- 1420 Fajardo Harbor, P. R --------------------- 512 Fall Creek Dam, Willamette River Basin, Oreg ------------------ 1722 Fall River Basin, S. Dak--------------------------------------932, 952 Fall River and Harbor, Mass --------------------------------- 69, 70 Fall River, Reservoir, Kans--------------------------------------- 866 Falmouth Harbor, Mass ---------------------------------------- 70 Falmouth Reservoir, Ky _______________________________---_ 1067, 1069 Fancy Bluff Creek, Ga ----------------- 446 Far Creek, N. C 391 Fargo-Moorhead, Minn. and N. Dak __________________ ______________ 1195 Farm Creek, Ill ---------------------------------------------- 1317 Farm Creek, Md__-- 283 Farmdale Dam, Ill----------------------------------- 1317 Farmers levee and drainage district, Illinois_ 1322 Farmington Reservoir, Calif______________ ______________________--- 1629 Faulkner County, Ark_ ------------ 849 Fayerweather Island, Conn _------------------------------------ --- 63 Feather River, Calif_ -- -------- 1617, 1920 Federalsburg, Md-_ - -- - - 312 Federal Water Power Act, investigation and supervision of projects -.- 1937 Felsenthal Lock and Dam, Ark ------------------- - 651 Ferguson Reservoir, Navasota River, Tex_ 782, 793 Fernbank, Ohio_ _ __---- 982 Fernandina Harbor, Fla____________________________ ______-- 444 Fern Ridge Reservoir, Oreg_____________ 1722, 1734 Ferrells Bridge Reservoir, Tex---------------______ 623, 627 Fields Landing Channel, Calif- --- - -1550 Fighting Island Channel, Detroit River, Mich_ - - 1344 Finns Ledge, Mass __________24 Fire Island Inlet, N. Y__ ---- 138 Fishers Island Sound, Conn ------------------ ---- -- 48 Fishing Bay, Md_ 283 Fishing Creek, Md_ 282, 298 Fishing Creek, N. C----------------- ------- 411 Fishtrap Reservoir, Ky- 1100, 1102 Fivemile River Harbor, Conn 70 6-------------------- Flathead Lake, Mont., improvement of Polson Bay_----- 1785 Flathead River, Mont- _---------------- - -- - -..- -------- 1785 Fletcher and Sunshine Gardens levee unit, Indiana--------------------- 1066 Flint River, Ga. and Fla------------- ---------------------------- 531 1968 INDEX Page Florence, Ala _ .......... _ .... . . -- ... --. Florence, Kans_ - - 887 Florida Central and Southern_________________________ --513 Flushing Bay, Harbor and Creek, N. Y_ 182 Fly Creek, Ala__ ---- 570 Follansbee, W. Va_-__________________ -- 1158, 1160 Folly Brook, Conn - 122 Folsom Reservoir, Calif___ -__ 1624 Fondulac Dam, Ill___ 1317 Fond du Lac Harbor, Wis__________________ 1265 Fore River, Me ------------------------------- ---- 11 Forked Deer River, Tenn___________ 671 Forsyth, Mont _ 976 Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing Drainage Dist. No. 5, IlL _ 690, 691 Fort Gaines Lock and Dam, Ga______________ 534, 538 Fort Gibson Reservoir, Okla_ 875 Fort Loudoun, Tenn__- - - 1004 Fort Madison, Iowa, harbor_ - 1247 Fort McHenry Channel, Md___ 274 Fort Peck Dam, Mont_ 965 Fort Peck, Mont., engineering district 965 Fort Pierce Harbor, Fla ____ _ -- 476, 511 Fort Point Channel, Mass___________ 24 Fort Randall Reservoir, S. Dak_ - 935, 937 Fort Scott Reservoir, Marmaton River, Kans_ Fort Smith, Arkansas River, Ark_ - _ 896, 923 849 Fort Supply Reservoir,, Okla_ ------ -- - 858 Fort Winnebago Lock, Wis_-- - 1266 Fort Worth floodway, Texas____________ ------------ 776, 794 Fort Worth, Tex., engineering district_ 761 Forty Fort, Pa .... 304 Foster Brook, Pa_-------------- --- 1119 Fountain Bluff, Ill- 687 Fountain Que Bouille River, Colo___ 797 Fourche Island, Ark - -- 849 Four Mile Creek, S. C_______________________________ 418 Fox Bluff, Tenn_____________ ___ 992 Fox River, Ill. and Wis______ - 1262, 1264 Locks and Dams______ 1266 Francois Bayou, La__------------ 645 Frankfort Harbor, Mich____ -- 1371 Frankfort, Ky ............................ . 1031, 1066, 1069 Franklin to Mermentau River, La_ 596 Franklin Canal, La -............ 589 Franklin Falls Reservoir, N. H -- - 90, 91 Frazeyburg Reservoir, Ohio - 1100 Fredonia, Kansas, west of. -____-. ......... ---- 888 Freeport Harbor, Tex______ 737 Freeport on Pecatonica River, Ill_ 1238 Freeport, Pa_- __ 1107, 1158, 1160 French Broad and Little Pigeon Rivers, Tenn_ 1008 French Creek Reservoir, Pa- -. -. ..... -- .-- --. 1159, 1160 Friendly, W. Va_ --- - _ 1099, 1102 Friars Landing, N. J------------- 245 Fullerton Dam, Calif_________________ __________ - _-- 1527, 1532 Fullerton, Ky__--------------- .- ___ _:-- 099, 1102 Fulton, Ark------------------- S --- 576,854 G Galax, Va___ 1099, 1102 Galena River, Ill ..... . 1224, 1238 Galion Bayou, La______________- c- 645 Gallatin, Tenn. lock and dam__ 995 Gallants Channel, N. C_ 402 Gallipolis locks and dams, W. Va- . . -..- . . . 982 INDEX 1969 Page Gallipolis, Ohio----------------------__---------------- 1075, 1099, 1102 Galveston Bay and Harbor, Tex__--------------- ----------------- 714,719 Galveston, Tex., engineering district------------ -- 705 Garibaldi, Oreg---------------------------- -- 1704 Garnett Reservoir, Kans--------------------------------- ---------- 896, 923 Garrison, N. Dak., engineering district------- ----------------------- 955 Garrison Reservoir, N. Dak. _---. -- 956 Garrows Bend, Mobile River, Ala_______-- -------. ------- ___--- 546 Garza-Little Elm Dam, Tex---------------------------------- --------- 766 Gasconade River, Mo-------------------------------------- 895, 896 Gastineau Channel, Alaska-------------------- - --- --- 1839 Gaston Reservoir, Va. and N. C----------- ----------------------- 375 Gate Creek Dam, McKenzie Basin, Oreg_____________ 1722, 1748 Gauley River, W. Va_-------------- ------------------ ------------ 1077 Gavins Point Reservoir, S. Dak. and Nebr---------- - 935, 939 Gaysville Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt- - - -- 108, 126 Genegantslet Reservoir, Genegantslet Creek, N. Y -------------- - 211 General Joe Wheeler Dam, Tenn--------- ------------- ---- 1004 Genesee River, Pa. and N. Y------------------------------------- 1459 Geneseo, Ill ----------------- ----------------------- 1221 Genoa, Wis., lock---------------------- 1244 Georges River, Maine----------------------------- 69, 70 Georgetown Harbor, S. C---------------- --------------------------- 419 Gest, Ky -------------------------------------------- 1031 Gila River, Ariz. and N. Mex------------------ ------ 1538 Giles Creek, Nebr ------------------------------ -------- -- - 952 Gill Township levee unit, Indiana-- - -- -- 1069 Gillett, Ark., N. Little Rock to------------------- 849 Girard Point,Pa------------------- 226 Gladstone Harbor, Mich-_ 1316 G lasgow, M ont---------------------------------------------- - - --- - - - 976 Glen Cove Creek, N. Y--------- ----------------- -------------- 182 Glen Cove Harbor, N. Y----------------------------- ------------ 182 Glenmore, Ky------------------------------------------------------ 1033 Gloucester Harbor, and Annisquam River, Mass_ ------------------------- 16 Gloucester, N. J-------------------------------------- 222 Goat Island Reservoir, Ga. and S. C 447 Golconda, Ill--------- --------------------- _ 983, 1066, 1068, 1069 Goldsboro, Neuse River, N. C------------------ --------- ----- - 413 Gold Creek, Alaska-- - - - ------------------------------ - 1839 Gonzales Dam,Tex -- --------------------------------------- 790, 793 Goose Creek, Md----------------------------------------------------- 283 GooseCreek, S. C--------------------------------------------- 422 Goose Creek, Wyo------------- ------------------------------------- 975 Goose Hill Channel, Va----------- ------------------------------ 356 Gordon Creek, Miss ------------------------------------------ 572 Gordons Landing, Lake Champlain, Vt .------------------------------- 182 Goshen Creek, N. J--------- ---- -- ---- ------------------ -- -- 258 Governor Bend, lock and dam, Wis------------ --------------------- 1266 Governors Run, Md--------------- ---------------------------- 302 Gowanus Creek Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y------ --------- 143, 182 Grand Bayou Pass, La------......---...--...------------------- -- ------. 621 Grand Caillou Bayou, La------------ ------------------ --------- 621 Grand Calumet Channel and lock, Ind-_1--_---___-......---_- 1307, 1308, 1309 Grand Cheniere, La--------------- -------------------------------- 641 Grand Ecore, La------------ ---------------------------- 635 Grand Forks--East Grand Forks, Minn., and N. Dak----------- -------- 1195 Grand Haven Harbor and River, Mich------------... ------------------ 1359 Grand Marais, Mich., improvement of harbor of refuge -------------- 1399, 1400 Grand Marais Harbor, Minn---------- ---------------------------- 1165 Grand (Neosho) River Basin, Kans---.....----.--------___------- -_ 871, 887 Grand River, Ohio - ------------------ ------- --------------- - 1421 Grand River, Mich------------------------------------------------- 1359 Grand River, Mo,-- ......------------------- ------------ . 896 Grand River, lock and dam, Wis- - -- - 1266 1970 INDEX Page Grand Tower Drainage and Levee, Ill_---------------------------_ _ _ 686, 702 Grand Traverse Bay Harbor, Mich_--------------------- --- ---- 1182 Grand View Bay, N. Y ------------------ --------- --------------- 1458 Grandview, Ind------------------------------------------1066, 1069 Grande Ronde River, and Valley, Oregon_--_____________________ 1813, 1817 Grant Parish below Colfax, La-------------------------------- 623, 643 Grapevine Reservoir, Tex ------------------------------------- 766, 771 Grasse River (Massena), N. Y -____-_____ -- ______________ -- 1458 Grassy Island, Wis --------------------------------------------- 1262 Grays Harbor and River, Wash_____________________________ 1721, 1775 Grays Reef Passage, Mich --------------------------------------- 1400 Great Bridge, Va ___---------------------------- ------------------- 368 Great Chazy River, N. Y ----------------------------------------- 182 Great Kills Harbor, N. Y-----------------------------------------182 Great Lakes: Waterway to Hudson River ------------------------------------ 155 Great Miami River, Ind_- - ------ __ _____ ---------------- 1067 Great Pee Dee River, S. C ------------------------- 428 Great Salt Plains Reservoir, Okla--__-____ -____________________862 Great Salt Pond, Block Island, R. I________-________________________ 43 Great Sodus Bay Harbor, N. Y ----------------------------------- 1451 Great South Bay, N. Y --------------------------------------- 137, 182 Green Bay Harbor, Wis _ 1261 Green Bay levee to Drainage District No. 2, Iowa-- ------------------- 1238 Greencastle, Ky -----------------------------------------------1033 Greenfield Bayou levee unit, Indiana ----------------------------- 1066 Green Island levee and Drainage District No. 1, Iowa ------------------- 1238 Green Peter Dam, Oreg ------------------------------------- 1722, 1737 Greenport Harbor, N. Y ------------------------------------------ 182 Green Reservoir No. 2, Ky --------------------------------------- 1067 Green River, Ky-_ 1032, 1067 Green River, Wash..---------------------------------------------1789 Greensboro, Pa --- -------------------------------------------- 1115 Greenup, Ky ----------------------------------------- 982, 1099, 1102 Greenwich Bay, R. I --------------------------------------------- 70 Greenwich Harbor, Conn_________________ _-_____________ 70 Greers Ferry Reservoir, Ark___________ _______________________ 831, 842 Gregory drainage district, Missouri _______________________ _______- 1238 Greybull, Wyo----- ----------------------------------------- 974 Grosse Ile Shoal, Mich 344 1------------------ Grosse Point channel, Mich -- __ ----------- ----------------__,___ 1340 Grosse Tete Bayou, La 21 6----------------- Guadalupe River, Tex -------------------------------------- _ 789, 790 Guayanes Harbor, P. R------------------------------------------ 512 Guilford Harbor, Conn----------------------------------- ------- 52 Gulf Beach, Conn ----------------------------------------------- 79 Gulf Intracoastal Waterway between Apalachee Bay, Fla., and the Mex. border: Galveston District....------------------------------------------- . 711 Mobile District-- ------------------------------------------- 525 New Orleans District ----------------------------------------- 583 Gulfport Harbor, Miss ------------------------------------------- 565 Gull Lake Reservoir, Minn _________________________________ __ 1187 Gully Brook, Connecticut River Basin, Conn-------------------------- 122 Guntersville, Ala ... ................ ..... _ 1004 Guttenberg, Iowa ----------------------------------------- 1215, 1244 Guyandot River, W. Va___________________________ ______ 1077, 1100 H Hackensack River, N. J-------- ---- ----------------------- 161, 182 Hackleman Corners Reservoir, Mo ------------------------------- 896, 923 Haines Canyon, Los Angeles River Basin_- ___ -- -- ___-___-___ 1505 Hales Bar, Tenn-- --------------------------------------------- 1004 Halfmoon Bay, Calif ___ ------------------------------------------- 1566 Hamburg, Ill., boat harbor opposite- - _ -- - ------ . 1247 Hammersley Inlet, Wash------- -- 1785 INDEX 1971 Page Hammond Bay Harbor, Mich ------------------------------------- 1400 Hammondsport, Oswego River Basin N. Y_-------- 1463 Hammonasset Beach and Point, Conn -------------------------------- 75 Hampton Beach, N. H___ 72 Hampton Creek, Va -------------------------------------- 370, 371 Hampton Roads, Va.: Improvement of approaches to Norfolk Harbor --------------------- 361 Removal of drift--- ----------------------------------------- 366 Hanapepe River, T. H-------_ ---------------------------------- 1586 Hanging Rock, Ohio --------------------------------------- 1099, 1102 Hannibal, Mo., harbor------------------------------------1247 Hansen flood control Reservoir, Los Angeles River ---------------------- 1505 Hanson Lock and Canal, La--- ------------------------------- -_ 597 Harbor Beach, Mich., harbor of refuge __-_ _______ -__________ 1399, 1400 Harbor Island Basin, Tex-_______..... -___________ ____________- 744 Harbor of Refuge, Au sable River, Mich_____________________________ 1382 Harbor of Refuge, Cape Lookout, N. C_________________________--- 411 Harbor of Refuge, Delaware Bay, Del____________________________-_ 258 Harbor of Refuge, Seward, Alaska________________________________ 1829 Harbor of Refuge at Block Island, R. I_____________________________ 41 Harbor of Refuge at Point Judith, and Point Judith Pond, R. I ---------- 39 Hardwick Dam, Vt--------- ------------------------------------ 211 Harlan County Reservoir, Nebr -------------------- _ 896, 908, 935, 955, 969 Harlem, Mont ----- -------------------------------------------- 976 Harlem River, N. Y 182 Harlingen, Tex _ ------------------------------------------------714 Harmon Creek, W. Va ------------------------------------------ _ 1161 Harpers Ferry, W. Va ------------------------------------------- _ 344 Harraseeket River, Maine ---------------------------------------- 70 Harrisburg, Ill__________________________________ 1066, 1069 Harris Creek, Md------------------- --------------------------- 281 Harrison County, Miss ... _______ -- 570 Harrisonburg, La ----------------------------------------------- 651 Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district No. 2, Illinois----- -692 Harrisville Harbor, Mich 1------------------ Harry L. Englebright (Upper Narrows) Reservoir, Calif----------------- 1919 Hartford, Conn _------__------------ - - - _ -- 109, 122, 125, 127 Hartford dike, Conn------------------------- ------------------ ___- 51 Hartford, W. Va--------------------------------------------- 1099, 1102 Hartsville, Tenn., lock and dam___________ -_______________ _ ___ 995 Hartwell Reservoir, Ga., and S. C_________-__-- __ ___ - ___-_- - -_ 447 Harvey Lock, La-----------------------------------------------587 Hastings, Minn., harbor ----------------------------------------- 1247 Lock No. 2 ----------------------------------------------- 1244 Hatchie River, Miss -------------------------------------------- 673 Hatteras, N. C.------ ------------------------------------------ 393 Hattiesburg, Miss ---------------------------------------------- 572 Havre, Mont ---------- ----------------------------------- 970, 976 Hawesville, Ky_ --------------------------------------- 1066, 1068, 1069 Haysi Reservoir, Va__------------ ------------------------ 1100, 1102 Hay Lake, Mich ---- -------------------------------------. 1331 Hay, (West) Harbor, Fishers Island, N. Y----------------------------- 70 Head of Passes, La --------------------------------------------- _ 602 Heart River, N. Dak -------------------------------- _ 959 Heather Island, Fla --------------------------------------------- 460 Heidelberg, Ky- --------------------------------------------- _ 1031 Heise-Roberts area, Snake River, Idaho------ ---------------- _ 1813, 1823 Hellen Creek, Md --------------------------------------------- 338 Hempstead County levee district No. 1, Arkansas------------------- 623, 643 Hempstead Harbor, N. Y ------------------------------------- -- 182 Henderson Bay, N. Y ------------------------------------------ 1464 Henderson County Drainage District Nos. 1, 2, and 3, 111-----------_ -- 1238 Henderson River, Ill..------------------------------------------- 1238 Henderson, Ky _- -- ------------------------------ 983 Henderson, W. Va-_ ------------------------------------- 1099, 1102 1972 INDEX Page HIendersonville Tenn..--------------------- ------------------... 995 IHendricks Harbor, M aine ------ - - - - -......... ------------ __.__ - - - ---- . 7 Hennepin, Ill---- --------------------------- 1------------------ 1322 Henry T. Rainey Dam (Lock and Dam 26), Ill_ --- ____ ___________-_ 1245 Herkimer, N. Y------------------------------------------------ 156 Herreid, S. Dak ------------------------------------------------ 952 Herring Bay, Md--------------------- ----------------- 302 Heyburn Reservoir and Channel Improvements, Okla .-------------------- 864 Hickory Point, Tenn---- ---------- ------------------------------ 992 Hicks Creek, Pa ----------------------------------------- 304 Higginsport, Ohio--_-------- --------------- --------------- 1066, 1069 High Bridge, Ky ------------------------------- --------------- 1031 Hildebrand Lock and Dam, Monongahela River ----------------------- 1115 Hillsboro Bay, Canal, River, and Inlet, Fla--__ -__-____- -____-______ 498 Hills Creek, Dam, Oreg ------------------------------------- 1722, 1726 Hillsdale Reservoir, Big Bull Creek, Kans_ -- -- ----- 896, 923 Hilo Harbor, T. H------------------------ --------------------- 1579 Hingham Harbor, Mass-------------------- ----------------------- 70 Hiwassee River, Tenn....------------------------------------------- 1008 Hockingport, Ohio......----------------------------------------- 1099, 1102 Hocking River, Ohio .------------------------------------------- 1100 Hodges Village Reservoir, Mass-_ 102 1________________ Hog Island, Mass ..---------------------------------------------- 30 Hogan Reservoir, Calift ---- ---- ........... 1629 Holbrook Levee, Little Colorado River, Ariz__ ___________ _________ 1542 Holla Bend Bottom, Ark----------------------------------------- 849 Holland Harbor, Mich------------------------------------------ 1356 Halley Dam, Oreg ------------------------------------- 722, 1748 Holmes River, Fla--..------------------------------------------ 570 Holston River, Tenn ------------------------------------------- 1008 Holyoke and Springfield, Mass________ ___ 109, 125, 126, 127 Homme Reservoir and Dam, N. Dak 109,.......1194, 1201 Homochitto River, Miss -----_____________________ __________-654, 665 Homosassa River, Fla ------- ,-------------- --------------- --. -- 512 Honey Creek levee unit, Ind ------------------------------ 1066, 1069 Honey Hill Reservoir, Connecticut RiverBasin, N. H- ---------------- 108, 126 Honga River, Md -------------------.--------------------------- 282 Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii---------------------------------------- 1573 Hood River, Oreg --------------------------------------------- 1686 Hoosick Falls, N. Y-- ------------------------------------------- 189 Hopkinton-Everett Reservoir, N. H------------- ------- --------- 90, 126 Hoquiam River, Wash --------------------------------------- --- 1785 Hords Creek Reservoir, Tex --------------------------------------- 788 Hornell, N. Y ---------------------------------------------- 197, 204 Horn Harbor, Va-.....--------- --------------------------------------. 371 Horssehoe Bend, Pa ---------------------------------------- 222 Horseshoe Bend, N. C--- ---------------------------------------- 405 Horseshoe Cascades, N. Y _ --------------------------------------- 1447 Horseshoe Cove, Fla---- ---------------------------------------- 512 Horseshoe Reef, N. F ------------------------------------------- 1441 Horton and Dutch Creeks, The-SnyBasin, Il_-,--_________ ____ - 1224 Hoskins Creek, Va---------------------------------------------- 338 Hot Springs, Fall River Basin, S. Dak --------------------- 932 Hoult, W. Va--VVVVVVVVVVVVV..-VV..........V VVV........ 1115 Housatonic River, Conn ------ ---------------------------------- 59, 69 Houston to Galveston Ship Channel, Tex --------------------------- 726 Howard Farms--Reno Beach Area, Ohio- ------- ------------------ 1406 Howards Bay Channel--------------- -------------------------- 1170 Hubbell, Rose Creek, Nebr------------ ---------------------.. 896, 923 Hubly Bridge, Sangamon River, Ill- . _ ._--------------------------------- ,.1322 Hudson Harbor, Wis.....----------------------------------------- 1192 Hudson River, Fla..-------------------------------------------- -512 Hudson River, N. Y _ __. _.__-- _ -- _ 151 1..----------....... Channel - ----- -- - - --................. . - ....... . .... - . 148 Hugo Reservoir, Kiamichi River, Okla- -------............ __- _._ 886, 888 INDEX 1973 Page Hulah Reservoir, Okla_ _ -- ---- ..- - ----- -- 870 Hull Brook, Mass ...................------------------------ -- 97 Humbolt Bay, River and Harbor, Calif 1550 Humboldt River, Nev- -_- - -- 1662 Hunt drainage district, Ill_ - -- 1229 Hunting Bayou, Tex ___ 726 Huntington Harbor, N. Y -.......... 182 Huntington, W. Va.: Engineering district . .- - 1073 Flood control___------ -- -------- 1091, 1099 , 1101 Lock and dam- -- --....------------- 982 Huron Harbor, Ohio 1411 Hussey Sd., Maine ---------------------------- 11 Hutchinson, Kans_ - - -- 854 Hyannis Harbor, Mass_____- - 69, 70 Hydraulic Mining, regulation of--- 1913 Hylebos Waterway, Tacoma Harbor, Wash - - 1773 I Ice Harbor at Marcus Hook, Pa 258 Ice Harbor at New Castle, Del__ 258 Ice Harbor Dam, Snake River __________________________________ 1802, 1805 Illuliuk Harbor, Alaska _ 1839 Illinois and Mississippi Canal, Ill . ------ .------.. _- 1219 Locks-------------_ 1221 Illinois River, Ill-------------------- ------------------ Illinois Waterway, Illinois and Indiana_ - Indiana Harbor, Ind., improvement _ ------ --- 1322 679, 1304 --------------------------------- 1300 Indiana Harbor Canal, Ind --------------------------------------- __ 1307 Indianapolis, Ind __ _----------------------------------------------1069 Indian Grave drainage district, Ill _____.------ Indian River Inlet and Bay, Del_ - 1238 _-------------------------- 241 Indian River Inlet to Rehoboth Bay, Del., Waterway 239 Indian River, Mich--------------------------------------------- 1378 Indian.Rock Dam, Pa ---------------------------------------- _ 311 Indianola, Republican River, Nebr -- 896, 923 Industrial Canal, New Orleans, La---------------------- _______ 743 Industry, Pa _ ----------------------------------------- 981, 1158, 1160 Island End River, Mass ------------------- ---------------------- 21 Inland Waterway from: Chincoteague Bay to Delaware Bay, Del- ___ _ .......... 258 Between Rehoboth Bay and Delaware Bay, Del- .......- _ 237 Delaware River to Chesapeake Bay- - ----------------------- . 230, 274 Franklin to Mermentau River, La--- 596 From Indian River Inlet to Rehoboth Bay, DeL-- 239 Port Aransas-Corpus Christi, Tex- - 742 Sabine-Neches, Tex------ 705 Inner Harbor Navigation Canal Lock, La- -- 587 International Boundary Waters---------------- - 1940 Interoceanic Canal surveys____________________________ ___ ___ 1935 Intracoastal Waterway: Between Apalachee Bay, Fla., and the Mexican Border_ 525, 583, 711 Between Norfolk, Va., and the St. Johns River, Fla - -367, 383, 417, 433 Caloosahatchee River to Anclote River, Fla- _ 511, 512 Cross-Florida Barge Canal _ 512 Gulf Intracoastal Waterway-_ - __--525, 583, 711 .Jacksonville to Miami, Fla ........................... _ .. 464 Miami to Key West, Fla .. ...- 511, 512 SMississippi River to Bayou Teche, La----- --------------- ___ 595 New Jersey -------------------------- Okeechobee Waterway ----------------------- ------------- 254 489 ----- Between Pamlico Sound and Beaufort Harbor, N. C_:.--____ _ _ 397 Tombigbee-Tennessee Rivers Waterway- .-.. ._--------------- - 570 Iola, Kans-------.. ---------------------. - - - -- 887 Iowa River, Minn. and Iowa.. --------------- ..--- ---- 1------_ 1224 1974 INDEX Page Iowa River-Flint Creek levee district No. 16, Iowa ___------ -- 1238 ---------- Ipswich River Mass -------------------------------------------- 70 Iron Canyon (Table Mountain) Dam Sacramento River------------------ 1621 Ironton, Ohio-_ 1099, 1101, 1102 Irvington Harbor, N. Y_- -- -------------- 182 Isabella Reservoir, Calif_ ------------------------------------- 1657 Islais Creek, Calif ---------------------------------------------- 1552 Island Creek, Md---- ------------------------------------------- 302, 324 Island levee unit, Ind------------------------------------------- 1066 Isle of Wight Bay, Md__ - ----------- 296 Isle au Haut Thoroughfare, Maine------------------------------- 6 Isles of Shoals Harbor, Maine and N. H ------------------------------- 15 Ithaca, Oswego River Basin, N. Y---- ---------------------------- 1463 Ivy Landing, Ill ------------------------------------------------ 690 J Jackson Creek, Va---------------------------------------------------- 338 Jackson Hole, Wyo --------------------------------------------- 1815 Jackson, Ky _ --------------------------------------------- 1042, 1066 Jackson Lock and Dam,Ala---------------------------------------554 Jacksonville, Fla.: Engineering district .------------------------------ ------------ 453 Harbor --------------------------------------------------- 453 Jacksonville to Miami Intracoastal Waterway ------------------- 464 Jamaica Bay, N. Y --------------------------------------------- 182 James River, Va --------------------------------------------------- 354 Jamestown Reservoir, N. Dak------------------------- ---------- 962 Janesville, and Indian Ford Dams, Wis------------------------------1239 Jefferson-Shreveport Waterway, La. and Tex------------------------- 579 Jeffersonville-Clarksville, Ind-----------------------------1044, 1066, 1086 Jemez Canyon Dam and Reservoir, N. Mex --------------------------- 803 Jenks, Okla---------------------------------- 887 Jennings Beach, Conn---_------------ 81 Jessamine Creek Reservoir, Ky------------------------------- 1067, 1069 Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, Ga---------------------------------- 534, 540 Joanna Reservoir, Mo ------------------------------------------- 702 John Day Dam, Oreg. and Wash----------------------------------1808 John Day River Area Clatsop County, Oreg---------------------- 1747, 1813 John H. Kerr Reservoir, Va. and N. C----------------- ---------------- 375, 376 John Martin Reservoir, Arkansas River, Colo-------------------------- 798 Johnsonburg, Pa-------------- ---------------------------- 1127, 1158 Johnson Creek, Oreg-------- ------------------- ------------ 1723, 1741 Johnson Gorge, Vt ------------------------------------------- 211 Johnsons Bayou, La 754 Johnsons River, Conn------------------------------------------- 63 Johnstown, Pa------------------------------------------- 1137, 1158 Jones Bluff Lock and Dam, Ala ------------------------------ ----- 550 Jones Inlet, N. Y ------------------------------------------ 139 Jordan River, Miss-------- --------------------------------- 570 Jordan River, Utah-------------- ----------------------------- 1661 Josias River, Maine ----------- ------------------------------- 70 Journigan Creek, Tex-------------------- ---------------------- 645 Juneau Harbor, Alaska--- ----------------------- --------- -- 1839 K Kahului Harbor, T. H------------------------------------------ 1576 Kalamazoo River, Mich------------------------ 1354 Kanawha River,W. Va------------ ----------------------------- 1073 Locks and Dams_-------- 1075, 1266 Flood control reservoirs 1100 Kankakee River, Ill., and Ind----------------------------------- 1322 Kanopolis Reservoir, Missouri River, Kans ------------------------ 910 Kansas City, Mo., engineering district- ----- _ ---------- ------- 891 Kansas City to the Mouth, Missouri River_ --------------- 891 Kansas City to Sioux City, Missouri River ------------------------ 927 INDEX 1975 Page Kansas Cities, Mo. and Kans ---------------------------------- 896, 900 Kansas River, Kans-------- ------------------------------------ 896 Kapalama Basin, T. H____________________________________ 1574 Karison Island, Clatsop County, Oreg_ _____ ______--- -______ 1747 Kasinger Bluff Reservoir, Mo_--- -------- ---------------- 896, 923 Kaskaskia Island, Ill_ 702, 703 Kaskaskia River, Ill_________________________________ 679, 702 Kaukauna, Wis----------- --------- ---- --------------------- 1265 Kaunakakai Harbor, T. H__________________________________ Kaw, Okla -------------------------------- 1575 887 ___-- Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii_ 1578 Kawainui Swamp, Island of Oahu, T. H______________ _________________ 1587 Kaweah River, Calif _ ------------------------------------------ 1653 Kawkawlin River, Mich__________________________________ 1406 Keehi Lagoon, T. H ----------------- 1581 Keithsburg, Ill ------------------------------------------------ 1239 Kelly Lake, Ill ------------------------- -------- 1322 Kendrick, Idaho_ -------------------- - - 1813 Kenedy, Tex------------------------- 791, 793 Kendall Creek, Pa------ 1119 Kenilworth, Ill_-- - 1325 Kennebec River, Maine_ 8 Kennebunk River, Maine__ 69, 70 Kennewick, Wash------------------- ------------------ - 1810 Kenosha Harbor, Wis 1287 Kenslers Bend, Nebr. to Sioux City, Iowa _ - ---- ---- 941 Kent Island Narrows, Md ---------------------------------------- 279 Kentucky River, Ky_______________-___-_______________ 1030, 1067 Kentucky Lock and Dam, Gilbertsville, Ky -_ _ _ _ _-- - __ - 1004 Kentucky Peninsula, near Evansville, Ind___ _______ _____________ 988 Keokuk, Iowa Lock ------------------- ------------------------ 1245 Kern River, Calif -------------------------------------- -------- 1657 Kerfoot Creek, Ill_ --------------------------------------------- 1317 Kerton Valley, Ill_ ---------------------------------------------- 1322 Ketchikan Harbor, Alaska____________________-_-- --- -- ------- _ 1839 Kettle Creek, Pa _ ----------------------------------------------- 307 Kewaunee Harbor, Wis - 1271, 1315 Keweenaw Waterway, Mich______ _______ 1178 Keyport Harbor, N. J _ ------------------------------------ 182 Keystone Lock and Dam, La_______________________611 Keystone Reservoir, Okla ----------------------------- 863 Key West, Fla., improvement of harbor ____..-- . 511, 512 Key West, Fla., Intracoastal Waterway from Miami----------- 511 ------- Kill Van Kull, N. Y ------------------------------------------- 166 King Bluff, N. C-------------------------------------------- 405 Kings Creek, Va -------------------------- 371 Kings Island, Ga_ 438 Kings River, Calif 649 1------------------- Kingston Harbor, Mass. (North Plymouth Harbor) --------------------. 70 Kingston, Pa- ----------------------------------------------- 305 Kinney Run, Colo_ ---------------- 953 Kiser Creek, Ill -------------------------- -- ---------- ___ 1224 Kishwaukee River, IlL 1240 Kissimmee River, Fla _- ----- ------- --- 511, 512, 514 Kittanning, Pa --- 1107, 1158, 1160 1-------- Knappa area, Clatsop County, Oreg _ _ _ _ _ --- __ - _ _ _ _ - 1747 Knapps Narrows, Md .............. ------ 281 Knife River and Harbor, Minn. and N. Dak . -------.......----- 1167 Knightville Reservoir, Mass ------------------------ 108, 121 Knobbs Creek, N. C------------------------------- ------------- 370 Knobbs Creek, Va_--------------------- -- ----------------- 371 Knobel, Ark ------------------------- --- -------- 8---------- 849 Kodiak Harbor, Alaska --------------- ----- 1831 Kootenai River, Idaho and Mont---------- ----------------------- 1785 Kootenay Lake Board of Control --- ---- ---------- 1950 1------------- 1976 INDEX Page Kuhio Bay, T. H------------_ ------------------------ ------ -1580 Kuttawa,Ky------------ ------------ 993 L Lacey, Langellier, West Matanzas, and Kerton Valley, Ill - - - - - 1322 Lac La Belle Harbor, Mich__--------------------- - - - 1193 Lacombe Bayou, La--------------------------------------------582 Lac qui Parle Reservoir, Minn_______________________________________ 1208 Lafayette River, Va-_ ----------------------------------- 370, 371 Lafourche Bayou, La______________________________________________ 620, 621 La Grange Bayou, Fla_______ _______________________ 569, 570 La Grange Lock and Dam, Ill- ----------------------------- 1306, 1308 Laguna Madre Bay, La. and Tex_ ________________________ 714, 750 La Junta, Colo .------------------------------------------------ 815 Lake Ashtabula and Baldhill Dam, N. Dak_------------------ - 1194, 1202 Lake Betsie, Mich --------------------------------------------- 1372 Lake Bisteneau, La _ -------------------------- 621 Lake Bluff, Il ------------------------------------------------ 1325 Lake Brownwood Reservoir, Tex_ ----------------------------- 793 Lake Calumet, Ill ------------------- ---------- 1296 Lake Champlain, N. Y. and Vt_---- - --- -- 182 Lake Champlain Board of Control -- 1------------------- 1941 Lake Charles Deep Water Channel, La ------------------------------- 621 Lake Chautauqua, N. Y__ _________________________________ 1158, 1160 Lake City, Minn., harbor ----------------------------- 1247 Lake City, Tenn ..---------------------------------------------- 1022 Lake Crescent, Fla_ --------------------------------------------- 512 Lake Crockett, Wash______________- - _______________----- - -- 1760 Lake Cumberland (Wolf Creek Dam), Ky- ---- ---------------- 1014, 1025 Lake Drummond Canal------- -------- -368 Lake Erie, channels in West End of, Mich. and Ohio -------------------- 1400 Lake Forest, Ill ----------------------------------------------- 1325 Lake Greeson, Ark ------------------------------------------ 656, 660 Lake Griffin, Fla ----------------------------------------------- 460 Lake Harbor, Fla ---------------------------------------------- 516 Lake Macatawa, Mich ------------------------------------------ 1357 Lake Michigan Ship Canal, Wis ----------------------------------- 1269 Lake Montauk Harbor, N. Y ---------------------------- ---------- 134 Lake Nicolet, Mich -------------------------------------------- 1331 Lake Ogleton, Md ---------------------------------------- ------ 302 Lake Okeechobee, Fla-------------------------- -------------- 491, 516 Lake of the Woods Minn_ --------------- --------- 1948 International Control Board-- --_ -- --------- 1948 Lake Ontario Board of Engineers__________________ __________--- 1943 Lake Ouachita, Ark ------------------------------- -------------- 656 Lake Pontchartrain, La - 1869 Lake River, Wash_ --------------------------------------------- 1698 Lake St. Clair, Mich., Channels in --------------------------------- 1340 Lakes, Great. See Great Lakes. Lake Superior Board of Control__.________________-_________---_1947 Lake Survey, U. S------------------------------------------ --- 1471 Lake Texoma, Red River, Tex. and Okla_____________________________ 883 Lake Traverse, Minn. and S. Dak------------------------------ 1193 Lake Traverse and Bois de Sioux River, S. Dak. and Minn ----- __ 1194, 1205 Lake Washington, Miss_____ -------------------------------------- 654 Lake Washington Ship Canal, Wash., improvement-_- -- 1769 Lake Winnebago, Wis ------------------------------------------ 1265 Lake Winnipesaukee, N. H -------------------------------------- 70 La Marsh, Ill----------------------------------------- ----- 1322 Lamoille River, Vt --------------------------------------- 211 Lamprey River, N. H -------------------------------------------- 70 -__ Lampasas Channel, Sulphur Creek, Tex_________________________- 793 Lampasas Reservoir, Lampasas River, Tex -782, 793 ---_--------- Lancaster, Cayuga Creek, N. Y-...... 1463 Laneport Reservoir, San Gabriel River, Tex_ 782, 793 INDEX 1977 Page L'Anguille River, Ark---------------.-------------_----------671, 673 Lansing, Iowa, harbor-------------------------- ----------- -- 1247 La Quinta, Tex _ _ - - 743 Larchmontabor, Larchmont Harbor, N. N. Y---------------------------------------- Y _ ----- 743 182 Las Animas, Colo---------------------------- ------------------ -- 815 La Trappe River, Md ------------- -------------- 302 Latrobe, Pa --------------------------------------- ---- 1158, 1160 Lavaca Bay, Tex., improvement of channel from Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca_ 740 Lavaca-Navidad Rivers, Tex -------------------------------------- 759 Lavon Reservoir, Tex----------- ------------------- ---------- 766, 767 Lawrence, Kans., Kansas River at__________________________---------896, 923 Lawrence, Mass------------------ 91, 126 Larwenceburg, Ind ---------------------------------------- 1066, 1069 Lawrenceburg, Ky-- ------------------------------------------- 1031 L'Eau Bleu Bayou,La-------- ------------------------------------- 645 Leavenworth, Ind---------- ------------------- -------- 983, 1066, 1069 Lebanon, Tenn--------- ----------- ----------------------- -- 995 Le Carpe Bayou, La------------------------------ ---------------. 621 Le Claire Lock, Iowa--------- --------------------------------- 1244 Leech Lake Reservoir, Minn----------------------------------------- 1187 Leesville, Ohio, Reservoir ------------ 1080 Leesville Pond, Mass. ------------- ----------------------------- 97 Leesville Reservoir, Va ------------------------------------------ 375 Leetonia, Ohio 162 1------------------- Leetsdale, Pa------------------------------------ 1158, 1160 Lehigh River, Pa -------------------------------------- 261 Leipsic River, Del_----------------------------------------------258 Leland Harbor, Mich ------------------------------- 1399, 1400 Lemon Creek, Staten Island, N. Y _182 Letart Falls, Ohio__----------------------------------------- 1099, 1102 Letart, W. Va-------------------------------------------- 1099, 1102 Levees between Shelby Bridge and Baum's Bridge, Kankakee River, Ind,.. 1322 Levee unit 1, Little Wabash River, Ill_ ------------------------- 1066 __-- Levee unit 2, Little Wabash River, Ind__ ________________ ------------- 1066 Levee unit 1, Eel River, Ind___________________---------------- 1066, 1069 Levee unit 2, Eel River, Ind-_ _--------------------------- 1066, 1069 Levee unit 3, East Fork of White River, Ind---------- ----- ---------- 1069 Levee unit No. 1, Wabash River, Ill-------------------------------- 1069 Levee unit No. 2, Wabash River, Ind__--- ---------------------- 1069 Levee units 3 and 4, Wabash River, Ill. and Ind --------------------- 1069 Levee unit 5, Wabash River, Ind --------------------------------- 1069 Levee unit 6, Wabash River, I11L-_ - - 1066, 1069 Levee unit 7, White River, Ind ----- -------- - 1066 Levee unit 1, White River, Ind ------------------------------------ 066 Levee unit 2, White River, Ind---------------------1066 Levee unit 8, White River, Ind ---------------- -------------------- 069 Levee unit 9, White River, Ind ________- - ------------- 1069 Levee unit 10, White River, Ind ------------ ----------------- 1069 Levee unit 17, Wabash River, Ind------- -------- ----------------- 1066 Levering Creek, Md_ ------------------------------------------- 293 Lewes, Del --------------------------------------------------- 238 Lewis and Clark River area, Clatsop County, Oreg---- ------ - --- 1747 Lewisport, Ky ------------------------------------------------ 1066 Lewis River, Wash. and Oreg ------------- - ------- 1721, 1748 1823 Lewiston-Clarkston Levees_-------- Lewisville Reservoir, Tex----------- ------------------- ------- 767, 769 Liberty (Bedloe) Island, New York Harbor, N. Y - _---------- ---- 158 Libby Dam, Mont ---------- ------------------- --------- --- 1785 LickingRiver, Ky ----------------------------------------- 1036, 1067 Lima Lake Drainage district, Ill__________________---_ 1229 Linton, N. Dak _------- - ----------------- -------------- -- 963 Lisle, N. Y -------------------------------------------- - 199 Little Annemessex River, Md ----------- ------------------------- 291 Little Arkansas River, Kansas 855 Little Basin, N. Y ---------- _--149 1978 INDEX Page Little Bay (Aransas Bay at Fulton), Tex__________________--------------- 754 Little Beaver Creek, N. Dak __.-------------------------------- 961 Little Caillou Bayou, La-----------------------------------------621 Little Calumet River, Ill. and Ind-- __ ----------------- --- _--- 1316 Little Choptank River to Choptank River, Md., waterway------- ------- 302 Little Chute Lock and Dam, Wis _ --- -------- 1266 Little Creek, Md--------- ------------------ -----------------. 299 Little Cypress River, Tex ---------------------------------------- _ 645 Little Egg Harbor, N. J- ----------------------------------------- 258 Little Elk River, Md ---------------- -------------- 302 Little Elm Reservoir, Tex - - - - - 766 Little Falls, W. Va_ ---------------- 1115 Little Goose Creek, Wyo_-- 975 Little Goose Dam, Snake River - - 1802 Little Harbor, N. H ---------- 70 Little Harbor, Woods Hole, Mass 70 Little Hocking, Ohio ._.. - ._ ..--- ----------------- 981 Littlejohn Creek, Calif_ -_ - 1629 Little Juniata River, Pa ___ ----------------------------- 310 Little Kanawha River, W. Va ------------- ------ 1077 Flood control reservoirs -------------------------------------1100 Little Kaukauna Lock and Dam, Wis _--------------- 1266 Little Lake Harbor, Mich_ ------ ---------- 1400 Little Lehigh Creek, Pa_ 260 Little Machipongo River, Va------- ------------------ - - 370, 371 Little Manatee River, Fla_ ------------------- ----------- 512 Little Miami River, Ohio, flood control reservoirs --- --------- ---- 1067 Little Missouri River, Ark___ 654, 657, 659 _-_------- Little Missouri River, Mont. and N. Dak_ - ---------------- 961 Little Pee Dee River, S. C ----------- 428 Little Pigeon Bayou, La -------------------- 621 Little Pigeon River, Tenn . 1008 Little Prickly Pear Creek, Mont-------------------- 977 Little River, Ark. and La---- --------------- 654 Little River, Cayuga Island -------------- ------------------- 1444 Little River, Del------------_--- 257, 258 Little River, Va--------------- ----------------------------- 370, 371 Little Rock, Ark.: Engineering district ------------- 819 Arkansas River --------- - - 849 Little Sioux River, Iowa ------------- - 944 Little Sodus Bay and Harbor, N. Y -------------- 1457, 1458 Little Tallahatchie River, Miss----- --- 654 Little Tangipahoa River, Miss ------- - --------- 645 Little Tennessee River, Tenn------------------------------ 1008 Little Valley Wash, Utah----------------------- - 1662 Little Wicomico River, Va -------------- - -- 325 Little Wood River, Idaho ------------- ------------ 1813 Liverpool drainage and levee district---------- ------------------------- 1322 Livingstone Channel, Detroit River, Mich---------------- 1344 Livingston, Mont - ---------------- 977 Lobdell Canal, Del------------------ ----------------- 229 Lobster Cove, Mass_--------------------- 17 Lock and Dam No. 1, Tennessee River, Florence, Ala- - - - 1004 Locklies Creek, Va---------------- --------------- 338 Lockport, Ill_------------- ---- ------- ------------------- ---- 1308 Lockport, Ky_--------------------------- -------------- - - 1031 Lockwoods Folly River, N. C.. -- - -------------------------- 411 Logan Reservoir, Ohio_____ ------------------------------- 1100, 1102 Logansport, Ind----------------------------- ----------------- 1069 Loggy Bayou, La------------------------------ 621, 623, 643 London, W. Va ----------------------------------- 1075 Lone Rock Reservoir, Ark ------------------ 831 Long Beach Channel, N. Y --------------- ------- 141 Long Beach Harbor, Calif_ - ----------------- 1490 INDEX 1979 Page Long Island intracoastal waterway, New York-------------_ ------ - - 136 Long Tom River, Oreg-------.- _---------------- --------------- 1722 Lookout Bight, N. C------------------------ -------------------- 03 Lookout Point Reservoir, Oreg------- ------------------------ 1722, 1727 Loosahatchie River, Tenn___ ---------------------------------------- 673 Lopez Flood Control Reservoir, Calif-- 1506 Lorain Harbor, Ohio--. ----------------------------------------- 1413 Los Angeles, Calif.: Engineering district... -------------------------------------1479 Flood control on river_____________________ ------------------------ 1506 Improvement of harbor ---------------------- ---------------- 1490 Los Angeles County drainage area, California _ __ 1502 Los Angeles River Basin, Calif__ ---------------------- 1503, 1504 Los Esteros Reservoir, Pecos River, Santa Rosa, N. Mex------------------808 Lost Creek, Ill ------------------------------------------- 1320, 1322 Louisiana, Mo_ ------------------------------------------------ 1247 Louisville and Portland Canal, Kentucky __ 980 Louisville, Ky ---------------------------------------- 983, 1046, 1066 Engineering district ----------------------------------------- 1029 Low Chamita Dam, N. Mex --------------------------------------- 02 Lowell, Mass ------------------------------------- ------ 91, 126, 127 Lowell Creek, Alaska ------------------------------------------- 1840 Lower Columbia River Basin, Oreg., Bank Protection Works -.... 1748 Lower Heart River, N. Dak ..--------------------------------------- 960 Lower Granite Dam, Snake River______________- _---_---_-- - -- - 1802 Lower Machodoc Creek, Va----------------- _ --- ---------------- 338 Lower Monumental Dam, Snake River-------------- -------------- 1802 Lower San Francisco Bay, Calif___________________________ -- _____ 1581 Lower San Joaquin River, Calif __---------------------- ------- 1635 Lower Thoroughfare, Deal Island, Md ------------------------------- _ 289 Lower Walla Walla River, Wash_____________---------- - ----- 1813 Lower Willamette River, Oreg ---------------- -------------------- 1693 Lowes Wharf, Anchorage, Md--------------------- ------ -------- 302 Lowsville, W. Va . ---------------------------------------------- 1115 Loyalhanna Reservoir, Pa--------------------------------------- 1141, 1159 Lubec Channel, Maine 44-------------- Lucky Peak Reservoir, Idaho __________________________-__----- 1816 Ludington Harbor, Mich_______________ ___________________ ______ 1366 Ludlow,Ky _------------------------------------------- 1066, 1069 Ludlow Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt__------------------- 108, 126 Lugert Reservoir, Okla ._ _______________________---------------- 888 Lumber River, N. C., and S. C-------------- ----------------------- 428 Lussenhop levee, Illinois ----------------------------------------- 1322 Lutsen Harbor, Minn ------------------------------------------- __ 1193 Lycoming Creek, Pa-------------- ------ ---------------- 308 Lyford levee, Indiana----------------------------- ------- 1069 Lynch River, S. C---------------------------------------------- 428 Lynn Harbor, Mass------------------------------ 18 Lynn-Nahant Beach, Mass---------------- --------- ------ 88 Lynns Bayou, Tex ---------------------------------------------- 740 Lynxville, Wis. Lock ------------------------------------------- 1244 Lytle Creek, Calif----------------------------1526, 1527, 1534, 1535, 1544 M MacArthur Lock, St. Marys, Mich_________________-----________ 1329, 1331 MacatawaLake,Mich------------------------------------ ----- 1357 Machias River, Maine-------------------------------------------- 70 Mackay Creek, N. C----------------- ------------------------------- 411 Mackinac Harbor, Mich., improvement _____---- __----------------1400 Mackinac Straits, Mich., Channels in ----------------------- 1335, 1399, 1400 Macon Bayou, Ark. and La 654-------------- Macon, Ga - ---- --------------------------------- --------------- 451 Madison, Ind------------- --- ------------------------- .1066, 1069 Madison, Kans -------- ----------------- -- 888 Madison, Tenn -_--- ---------------------------.. .... 995 1980 INDEX Page Mad Creek, Iowa--------------------------.------------ 1284 Magruder drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg_ ... 1747 Mahoning Creek, Reservoir, Pa------------------------------- 1130, 1159 Mahoning River, Ohio----------- ------------------------------- 1118 Main Ship Channel, Mass--------------- ---------------------------- 24 Main Ship Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y ... ..- 158 Malaga Island, Me., N. H----------------------------- ---------- 15 Maiden River, Mass ------------------------------------ 70 Malheur River, Oreg 1813, 1823 Mamaroneck Harbor, N. Y-- ----- 182 Manasquan Inlet and River, N. J----------------- ---- 252, 254 Manatee River, Fla --- -------------- - ---------- - 512 Manchac Bayou, La ------------------------------- -------- 621 Manchester Harbor, Mass------------ ------ 70 Manchester, Ohio ------------------------------------ 1099, 1102 Manchester, Tex------------------ --------- 727 Mandan,N. Dak --------------- ------------------------------- 959 Manhattan, Kans --------------------------------------------- 914 Manhasset Bay, N. Y--------.. --------------- ------ ---- 182 Maniece Bayou, Ark-------------------------------------------- 623, 643 Manistee Harbor and River, Mich--------- --- ------ - -1368 Manistique Harbor, Mich -------------------------------- --- 1347 Manitowoc Harbor, Wis _-_------------ 1275 Manokin River, Md ------------------------- -- 302 Mansfield Hollow Reservoir, Conn ----- ----------- 101, 105 Mansfield Reservoir, Ind ---------------- ----- -- 1055, 1067 Manteo (Shallowbag) Bay, N. C -------------- ----- --- 388 Mantua Creek, N. J ----------------------- 222, 244 Maple River, Iowa ------------------- ---------- 944 Maple River, N. Dak __ ------ 1195, 1213 Mapleshade, Ohio------------------------- -------------- 1099, 1102 Marais Des Cygnes River, Kans ------- ------ 896, 921 Marblehead Harbor, Mass------------ --------------------------- 70 Marcus Hook, Pa ---------------------------- ----------------- 222 Mare Island Strait, Calif ---- - ------------- --------- 1556 Marietta Ohio-----------------------------------------981, 1099, 1102 Marion dounty drainage district, Mo_ - ----- -- --- - 1239 Marion Reservoir Kans -- 887 Mariposa Dam, dalif_ ---------- 1645 Markham Ferry Reservoir, Okla - _874 Markland locks and dams, Ind -------------- ----- 982 Marmarth, N. Dak_ -------------------- ---- 961 Marmaton River, Kans ------------ 896 Marmet, W. Va------------ ----------------------------- ----- 1075 Marquette Bay Harbor, Mich., improvement of harbor. See Presque Isle Harbor. Marquette Harbor Mich---------------------------------------- 1184 Marshallberg, N. __ ---------------------------------------- 398 Marsh Creek, Idaho--------------------------- ---------------- 1813 Marsh Creek, N. Y------------- ------------------ ------------- 1464 Marsh River, Minn -------------------------------------------- 1195 Marshland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg - ----- - 1747 Marshyhope Creek, Md--- --------------------------------------- 312 Marseilles Lock and Dam, Ill------------------------------------ 1308 Marthas Vineyard, Mass 35 Martins Ferry, Ohio---- - ----------------- ------------- 1158, 1160 Marysville, Kans------------------------ -- 896, 923 Mascoma River, N. H _ -------------- 127 Mashnee Island, Mass----------------- --------------- 30 Mason and Menard, Ill ------------------------------------- 1322 Masonboro Inlet, N. C ------- 411 3------------------------ Mason J. Niblack levee unit, Indiana 1---------- 1057, 1066 Mason, W. Va ----- ------ ----------------- 1099, 1102 1------------- Maspeth Creek, N. Y ... -- 145 Massena Board of Control, operations of International. -- 1941 INDEX 1981 Page Massillon, Ohio------------------------------------------- 1077, 1099 Matagorda Bay, Tex------------------------------------------ 714 Matawan Creek, N. J ------------------------------ - 182 Mathews Canyon Reservoir, Nev---- 1539 Matinicus Harbor, Maine.. - _ 70 Mattapoisett Harbor, Mass----__ ---------------- - - - -70 Mattaponi River Va. --- _ --- - - - 370, 371 Mattituck Harbor, N. Y---------------- 133 Mauckport, Ind-----------------------------_ 1066, 1069 Maumee Bay and River, Ind., Ohio - - -- 1398, 1400 Maurice River, N. J----------- ....---- - 257, 258 Maxville, Ky-_. - -- - -- - - 982 Mayaguez Harbor, P. R------------------------------------------ 508 Mayavgue Ky------. Mayfield Creek, Ky -------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------- _ 2109 089 673 Maysville, Ky------------------------------------------------ 982, 1090, 1099 McCook Lake, S. Dak ------------------------------------------- 942 McCraney-Hadley Creeks, Pike County, Ill_ -------------------- -- 1224 McCreadys Creek, Md_ ------------------------------------- ------ 283 McGee Bend Dam, Tex- - ___- -- 762, 763 McGee Creek, Ill---- ___ 703 McGinnis levee unit, Indiana_ - - - 1066, 1069 McKees Rock, Pa_---- - -- 1158, 1160 McKinney Bayou, Tex. and Ark_- McLean Bottom levee district No. 3, Arkansas River, Ark_- - --- - - 623, 643 849 McMechen, W. Va-------- ----- _-- 981 McNary Lock and Dam, Oreg ------------------------------ -- _ 1806 Medford, Oreg --- 1749 Medomak River, Maine-. ---- .-- - 69, 70 Meherrin River, N. C ------------------------------------------- 411 Melbourne Harbor, Fla---------------------- - - 512 Melrose Reservoir, Va_ 375 Melvern Reservoir, Kans_ --- 896, 923 Memphis, Tenn.: Engineering district-- -- - -- - - - -- - -_ 669 Harbor at Memphis--------------------------- 671 Wolf River, and Nonconnah Creek. - - 671 Menasha Lock and Dam, Wis... . 1266 Menemsha Creek, Marthas Vineyard, Mass_ 35 Menlo Park, Calif-_---------- ------- 1589 Menominee Harbor and River, Mich. and Wis-- -------- 1259 Meramec Res., Mo 02 7------------------ Meraux, La.....--------------------------------------------------- 603 Merced County stream group California 1644 Meredosia Lake and Willow Creek, Ill -------------------------- _ 702, 703 Meridian, Miss., Sowashee Creek----------------------------- _- - 572 Mermentau River, La.. - 596, 613, 640 Merriam, Turkey Creek, Kans------------------- ------ 896, 923 Merrimack River Basin, Mass. and N. H 69, 70, 89 Merwin's wharf, Conn----- - ---- -- -- - 58 Metlakatla Harbor, Alaska.-------------------------------------- 1837 Metamora Reservoir, Ind_ ---------------------------------- 1067, 1069 Metropolis, Ill -------------------------------------------- 1066, 1069 Meyers Chuck Harbor, Alaska ---------------------------- 1839 Miami Harbor and River, Fla.: ::Improvement of harbor-__-.----------- - 484 Miami to Key West, Fla., Intracoastal Waterway -------------------- 511, 512 Mianus River, Conn ----------------------------- ---- 69, 70 Michigan City Harbor, Ind___ 1315, 1316 Middle Beach, Conn ------------------------------------------ _ 76 Middle Creek, Calif _ --------------------------- ------------- __ - 1622 Middle Neebish Channel, Mich----- _ - - ---- --- 1332 Middleport, Ohio ------------------------ ---------------------- 1099 Middle River, and connecting channels, Calif --- i- --- ---- --- -_- 1617 Middle River, Md.. ............ ..-. 302 Middlesboro, Ky-.... - ----... - __ .. __-____----_ ___ 1008, 1025, 1026 1982 INDEX Page Middleton Shoals Reservoir, Ga. and S. C _- 447 Midland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg_ 1747 Midland, Pa----------------------- 981 Milan, Ill_ _-------------------------- 1222, 1224 Miles City, Mont_ 973 Miles Creek, Calif_____ 1645 Milford, Del__ 236 Milford Harbor, Conn 58 Milford Haven, Va_ 338 Milford Reservoir, Kans___ 896, 923 Milk River, Mont___ 970, 977 Mill Bayou, La----------- 666 Mill Creek and South Slough, Illinois_ 1223 Mill Creek Levees, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif_ 1534, 1542 Mill Creek, Md _ -- 302 Mill Creek, N. CL 389 Mill Creek, Ohio ---------------- 1039, 1067 Mill Creek, Tex__ 759 Mill Creek, Va_ 338 Mill Creek, Wash___ 1813, 1820 Miller, Ohio__ ----- _-_-- 1099, 1102 Miller Pond, Drainage District, Ill_ _-681, 702, 703 Millersburg Reservoir, Ohio 1100, 1102 Millers Ferry Lock and Dam, Ala_ _ 550 Millers Run, Pa ___ 308 Mill Four drainage district, Yaquina River, Oreg. 1748 Millicoma River, Oreg _ ____________ 1721 Mill River, Conn_ 56 Millwood Reservoir, in Red River Basin, Ark_ 888 Millwood, W. Va _______ 982, 1099, 1102 Milton-Freewater, Walla Walla River, Oreg_ - _ 1819 Milton, Ky- _ 1066, 1069 Milwaukee, Wis: Improvement of harbor _ - - 1282 Mindenville, N. Y---------------------- 156 Miners Bend, S. Dak_ 941 Mingo Creek, S. C- ------------------------- -_428 Mingo Junction, Ohio_______ ________ --- 1158, 1160 Minum Creek, S. C ---------- 418 Mining City Reservoir, Ky - ------ 1067, 1069 Minneapolis, Minn______-- __ _---- - 1244 Minneiska, Minn., Lock _ 1244 Minnesota River, Minn --------- 1190 Miscellaneous civil works_ 1939 Mispillion River, Del_------------ - 235 Mission Bay, Calif_----------- - 1500 Mississippi River: At Canton, Mo----- --- ------------- 1228 At Guttenberg, Iowa_________------ ------ 1215 Baton Rouge to Gulf of Mexico, La 600 Between Ohio and Missouri Rivers _ 676 Brainerd and Grand Rapids, Minn _ 1193 Missouri River to Minneapolis_______ 679, 1190, 1219, 1243 Locks and dams_ _------------- --- 1244 Near Aitkin, Minn_________------- --- 1207 And Leeck Rivers, Minn------------------- 1193 At St. Louis, Mo__-------------- -------- 695 Reservoirs at headwaters_ ------------ -1187 Mississippi River Commission: Report of the President_--------------- 1847 Flood control on lower Mississippi River: Alluvial valley mapping__ ------------------ 1863 Arkansas River Basin - - - - - - - - - - - - 1872 Atchafalaya Basin, La________ -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1866 Bayou Courtableau Basin and Outlets ------------------ 1853 DmeX 1983 Mississippi River Commission-Continued Page Below Cape Girardeau, Mo ---------------- ---------- 1849 Channel, improvement ----------------------------- -1865 Existing Project---------- -- ----- _----- -- -- _i- 1850 Floods --------------------------------- 875 Lake Pontchartrain, La ------------------------------- 1869 Levees -------- ---------------------------------- - -1864 Mississippi River Improvements ------------------ 851 Mississippi River Tributary and outlet improvements_---_ .- 1852 Mississippi River Tributary dams and reservoirs------ 1857 Navigation Harbors ------------- ------ - ---- 1866 Old River, La - ------------------------------------- 1870 Previous Projects . Previous Projects-----------------------------------------1849 1849 Reelfoot Lake, Tenn. and Ky_ - ------------ -- - 1875 Red River Basin, La. and Ark_ 1870 St. Francis River Basin ------------------------------- 874 Yazoo Basin, Miss _-- ---------------------------- 1872 Mississquoi River, Vt------- ------------------ -- ----------------- 213 Missouri River:. Agricultural levees------------------------------- 897, 935, 950, 952 Kansas City District------------------------------------ ----- 895 Omaha District--_-- -------- - ----------- Garrison District...---------------- --- ---------- --- ---------------- ------ 934 ' 955 Fort Peck District------------------------- ------ -- - -:969 At Fort Peck, Mont - - - : 965-------------- 5 Kansas City to mouth 891 Kansas City to Rulo ------------------------------ ------- 891 Kansas City to Sioux City----- ---------------- ------- - 927 Kenslers Bend, Nebr. to Sioux City, Iowa----- 941 Niobrara, Nebr ---------------------------- ---------------- 952 Sioux City, Iowa to Fort Benton, Mont- _- _ - ------- - 93 Sioux City to mouth... 892, 897 Mobile, Ala., engineering district ------ -- 525 Mobile Bay, Harbor, and River, Ala_ ------------- - ___ _ - 545 Mohawk Reservoir, Ohio-------------------------------- ------- 1080 Mohicanville Reservoir, Ohio ----------------------------------- .1080 Mokelumme River, Calif ------------------------------------- -- 161 Monarch, Wyo ------------------------------------------------ Monett, Mo....-------------------------------------------------- 887 Monie Bay, Md ----------- ----------------- ::287 Monkey Run, N. Y-------------------------- ------------- -- 197 Monocacy Creek, Pa-- --------------------------------------- 261 Monongahela River, W. Va. and Pa -1113 Locks and Dams_ ------------------------- ------- 15 Flood control reservoirs ------- ----- ----- --------------- 159 Monroe Bay and Creek, Va------------------------ Monroe Harbor, Mich ------------------------------------- Monroe, La.......----------------------------------------------- 651,658 Montello, Wis------... .. ----------- ----- __ -- 1266 Monte y Bay and Harbor, Calif,-- Montezuma, Ga------------ -- ----- --- -- - ---.-- --------- . 58 72-------------- Montgomery Lock, Pa_------------- _ ---------------- ----- 981 Montour Falls, Oswego River Basin, N. Y 1463 Montville Creek, N. Y----------------------------------- -- 1463 Moorefield, W. Va -- ---- ------ ---- - -- ---- 44 Moore Haven Lock, Fla ------.-' -- 49 1-------------- Moores Ferry Reservoir, Va. and W. Va ------------ -------- 1100, 1102 Mooringsport Reservoir, La. and Tex--- --------- -- - 623, 643 Moosabec Bar, Maine... ----------------------------- ---- 6,70 Morehead City Harbor, N. C -399 Morgantown Lock and Dam, W. Va ---------------------- 1115 Mormon Channel, Calif..------- ---------------. 1608, 1615 Morrilton West of, Arkansas, flood control - - -- - - 849 Morris Cove, Conn ------ 56 Morrison, Colo. .. .. 952 Morristown Harbor, N. Y--- -.--------------- - 1457, 1458 1984 INDEX Page Morro Bay Harbor, Calif ---------------------------------------- _ 1480 Moscow, Ohio_-------------------------------------------- 1066, 1069 Mosquito Creek Reservoir, Ohio_______ ____ _______--------1152, 1159 Moss Bluff Lock and Dam, Fla 459 Moss Landing Harbor, Calif__ ------------------------------ 1568, 1581 Moundsville, Ala ----------------------------------------------- 553 Mounds, and Mound City, Ohio River Basin, Ill - - - -_- 673, 983 Moundsville, W. Va---------------------------------------- 1158, 1160 Mountain Brook Reservoir, Merrimack River Basin, N. H _ - 90, 126 Mount Clemens, Clinton River, Mich_-- 1406 Mount Holly, Rancocas Creek, N. J_ 264 Mount Morris Reservoir, Genesee River, N. Y 1460 Mount Royal, N. J---------------- ------------------------ 245 Mouth of Sangamon River, Ill---------------------- 1319 Mud Creek, Kans------------------ 913 Mud Lake area, Idaho ...................-- 1813 Mud Mountain Dam, Wash _________________ __-__----------------- 1793 Mud River Reservoir, W. Va- ------------------------------------ 1102 Mulberry Creek, Va__--------------------------------- 337, 338 Muller Key Cut, Fla------------------------------------- ------ 498 Multnomah Channel, Oreg--------------------------------------__ 1721 Multnomah drainage district No. 1, Multnomah County, Oreg __---_--__- 1747 Muncie, Ind ------------------------------ 1059 Municipal Channel, Mass _ 19 Murderkill River, Del- ---------------------- ------------------- 234 Murfreesboro Reservoir, Ark___________________----- _ ------- 658, 660 Murphy Point, Conn---- ----------------------------------------- 48 Muscatine, Iowa, Lock and harbor-------------------- 1234, 1245, 1247 Muscatine Island levee district, Iowa ------------------------ 1233 Muscatine-Louisa County Drainage District No. 13, Iowa- --------------- 1233 Muskegon Harbor, Mich------------------------------------ 1361 Muskingum River, Ohio ----------------------------------------1077 Flood control reservoirs------------- -------------------- 1078, 1100 Mussel Island, N. Y 146 Mustang Creek, La -------------------------------------- ------ 645 Mustinka River, Minn _ ------------------------------------------ 1195 Myrtle Beach, S. C------------------------------- 418 Mystic, Iowa------------------------------------------- 923 Mystic River, Conn ------------------------------------------ 47 Mystic River, Mass ------------------------------ - 20 N Nameoki Drainage and Levee Dist., Ill-- 703 Nandura Creek, Va--------- ----------------------------- 371 Nansemond River, Va-------------------------------------- ____ 371 Nantasket Roads, Mass_------------------ 24 Nanticoke Creek, N. Y-- 196 Nanticoke, Pa- ---------------------------------------- --- 312 Nanticoke River (including Northwest Fork), Del. and Md.-------- 284, 302 Nantucket Harbor, Mass.: Harbor of refuge-- ----------------------- -- -- 69, 70 Nantucket Sound, Pollock Rip Shoals, Mass- -. - .- 34 Napa River, Calif --------------------- 1581, 1589 Napatree Beach, R. I -------------------------------------------- 88 Naples, Fla. to Big Marco Pass., Fla.: Channel improvement ----------------- -- ------------- ---- 512 Narragansett Bay and Pier, R. I---------- ----- -----------------38, 88 Narraguagus River, Maine -------------------- . --------------------- 70 Narrows of Lake Champlain, N. Y. and Vt------------- -------------- 182 Narrows Reservoir, Ark------ ..------------------- - 656, 660 Naselle River, Wash--_----- -------------------------- -- ---- 1781 Nashua, Merrimack River Basin, N. H Nashville, Tenn., engineering district- --- -- __ ..------- - -- __--- ------- 91, 126, 127 ----- 991 Lock and Dam--_- _.--- -- 995 Natalbany River, La-.... _----------- ---------------- '-- -621, --- ..... 645 INDEX 1985 Page Natchitoches Parish, La.---------------- -- -- 623, 635 Natrona, Pa____------------------------------------ Natrona, Pa __ 1107, 10,15,161158, 1160 Navarro Mills Reservoir, Tex- _ 778 Navidad River, Tex ------------------------- 741 Nawiliwili Harbor, T. H----------------------_ - 1569 Neabsco Creek, Va--- ------------------------------------------ 338 Neah Bay, Wash__----------------------------------------------- 1758 Neale Sound, Md--------- ------------------------------------- 322 Near Dardanelle, Arkansas River, Ark _ 849 Near Calion, Ark ---- 651 Near Springfield on Sangamon River, Ill---------- -- 1322 Neches River, Tex------------------- 762 Neches-Sabine Waterway, Tex-_- - 705 Neebish Channel, St. Marys River_ 1331 Neenah Channel, Fox River, Wis___-- 1265 Nehalem Bay and River, Oreg--- - 1721, 1748 Neodesha Reservoir, Kans------------------------- ------- 882, 888 Neosho (Grand) River Basin, Kans___- - 871 Neponset River, Mass------------------------ 26 Neuse River, N. C------------ 410, 411 Neva and Olga Straits, Alaska_-- - 1839 Neville Island, Pa-.._------- -- - ------ - --- 1158, 1160 New Albany, Ind_ 1048, 1066, 1068 New Amsterdam, Ind ... - 1066, 1069 Newark Bay, N. J-------------------- - 161, 166, 182 Newark, Ohio_- ___ 1084, 1099 New Athens and Carlyle, Ill., Levees between 702 New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor, Mass_ 69, 70 Newbegun Creek, N. C-_ 411 Newbold Island ----------------------------------------------- 219 New Boston, Ill _ ----------------------------------------------- 1245 New Braunfels, Tex_ 794 New Brunswick, N. J --------------------------------------- 171 New Buffalo Harbor, Mich. -------------------------------------- 1316 Newburg, Ind _ - 983 Newburyport Harbor, Mass -_ 69, 70 New Cumberland, W. Va_ -- -------- 981, 1159, 1160 New Don Pedro Reservoir, Calif-----------------------------------1636 Newell, W. Va ------------------------------------------------- 981 New England Division_ 3 New Harbor, Maine--------- 70 New Harmony Bridge, Ind_- - _ --------- ---- 1061, 1066 New Harmony, Ind_-- _ ------------------------- -------- 1066, 1069 New Haven Conn., breakwater------------------------------------- 70 New Haven Harbor, Conn----.. -------------------------------------- 55, 69 New Hoosac Cotton Mill Dam, Mass -------------------------------- 190 New Jersey Intracoastal Waterway--------------------------------- 254 New Kensington, Pa --------------------------------------- 1159, 1160 Newland Canal, N. C--------------------------------------------412 New London Harbor, Conn__________---------------- --------------------- 69, 70 New Martinsville, W. Va _ -------------------------------- 981, 1099, 1102 New Matamoras, Ohio _ ------------------------------------- 1099, 1102 New Melones Reservoir, Calif ------------------------------------- 1636 New Orleans, La.: Engineering district ------------------------------------------ 575 Newport, Ark ------------------------------------------------- 849 Newport Bay Harbor, Calif __------------- 1494 Newport Harbor, R. I------------------------------------------- 70 Newport, Ky ------------------------------------------------- 1068 Newport News Creek, Va -- ------------ 360, 370 Newport News, Va., improvement of channel to----- ----- 366, 370, 371 Newport, Ky .-------------------------------------------- 1036, 1066 Newport, Oreg ---------------- -------------------------------- 1709 Newport, Ohio .... ----- -- ----- 1099, 1102 New Richmond, Ohio._ ------ --------- 982, 1066, 1069 1986 INDEX Page New River, Fla----------- ------------------------------------ -- 482 New River, La-------- ------------------- --------------------- 645 New River, N. C--------------------------------------------- 414 New River, Va. and W. Va ---------------------------------- ----- 1077 New Rochelle Harbor, N. Y_____________________________ ------------- 182 Newry-Old Pickens Reservoir, S. C __-- __ ------- ____________447 New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam, Ga__ __________ _____________ 442 Newton Creek, N. Y---------------------------------------- --- 213 Newtown Creek, N. Y----------------- --- - - 145 New Willamette Falls Lock, Oreg _ ____________________--1692 New York and New Jersey Channels------ ___ ____________ 166 New York Bay and Harbor, N. Y ----------------------------------- 166 Drift, collection and removal ---------------... -------------------- 160 Entrance Channels and Anchorage Areas-- ------------------------ 157 Supervision.. --------------------------- -----.--------- - 179 New York engineering district...______ ____________-___ -- ______ 129 New York (Southern) Flood Control Project---------------------------197 Niagara Remedial Works, N. Y....-------------------------.- ---- - 1447 Niagara River, N. Y __-______________________________- ___ 1444, 1446 Niagara Special International Board----------------------------1945, 1946 Nicholasville, Ky ---------------------------------------------- 1031 Nimrod Reservoir, Ark------------------------------- -------- 846 Nishnabotna River, Iowa _______.____.__________________________.. _ 952 Nixes Mate Shoal, Mass_ - -24 Nixon Creek, Tenn_----------------- - - 673 Nolin Reservoir, Ky------------------ - 1067 Nolin River, Ky---------------------------------------- 1034, 1036 Nome Harbor, Alaska ------------------------- ------------ 1287, 1839 Nomini Bay and Creek, Va-------- ----------------------------- 338 Nonconnah Creek, Tenn_______________-________________ 671 Norfolk Harbor, Va.: General improvement, including main channel of Elizabeth River and portions of southern, eastern and western branches--------------361, 366 Norfolk, Va., engineering district ----------- -- ______ __ _____--_-- 347 Norfolk, Va. to St. Johns River, Fla., waterway ---------------- 367, 383, 417 ___ _____ Norfolk, Va., to Beaufort Inlet.. ------------------------------------- __ 368 Norfolk, Va., to the sounds of N. C., waterway________________________ 411 Norfolk-Portsmouth Belt Line Railroad Bridge-- ----------------- 372 Norfolk Reservoir, Ark__ ...-- --------------------------------- 831, 839 Normal, Ky --------------------------------------------- 1099, 1102 North Adams, Hoosic River Basin, Mass---- ----------------- 190 North Alexander Drainage and Levee District, Ill ------------------- _ 681, 683 North Andover, Merrimack River Bain, Mass------------------___ 91, 126 North Bay Channel, Calif......------------- --------------- --- ---- 1550 North Canadian River, Okla __________--- __- _____--__ _____- 858, 887 North Concho River, Tex--------------- ------------------ ---------- 786 North Cove, Conn--------------- --------------------------------- 51 Northeast Harbor, Maine --------------------------- -------------- 70 Northeast River, Md -------------------------------------------- 302 Northeast River, N. C ------------------------------------------- 411 Northampton, Mass._______-- ----------------------- 109, 125, 126, 127 North Hartland Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt-------------- 108, 110 North Little Rock, Ark--------- --------------- --------------- 843, 849 Northport, Ala---------- -------------------------------------- 553 Northport Harbor, N. Y _-.-.-------- .------------------- __ 132 North River, Ga--_----------- ------------------ -------------- 446 North Springfield Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt-_ -______ 108, 111 Northwest Fork, Del--......---------....-------------------------------- 285 Norwalk, Conn-- ------------------------------------------- 126, 127 Norwalk Harbor and River, Conn-------- --------------------- 66, 127 Norwich Channel Improvement, Conn__---------------------------- 102, 126 Noxubee River, Ala. and Miss -- -------- -------- 570 Noyo River and Harbor, Calif_----------- ----------------. - 1581 INDEX 1987 Page O0 Oahe Reservoir, S. Dak. and N. Dak ----------------------.---- 935, 936 Oak Creek Md., channel to Plain Dealing Creek------ ------------------ 302 Oakford, I-------- ----------------------------------------- 1322 Oakland Harbor, Calif------....---------------------------------------- 1561 Oak Orchard Harbor, N. Y________----------------------- -------- 1458 Obey River, Tenn---------------------------------------------1008 Obion River, Tenn__----------------- -------------------------671, 673 Occohannock Creek, Va__-------------- ----------------------- 371 Occoquan Creek, Va__--------------------------- 338 Ocean City Harbor and Inlet, Md __ -- ------------------- 296 Ocean City, N. J----------------------------------------------- 267 Ocmulgee River, Ga------------ ------------------- -------------- 446 Oconee River, Ga.-------------- ------------------ -------------- 446 Oconto Harbor and River, Wis-------------- ------------- 1315, 1316, 1323 Ogdensburg Harbor, N. Y---------------------------------------1455 Ogleton Lake, Md----------- ------------------- -------------- 302 Ohio River: Flood control in basin: Huntington district----------------- --------------------- 1097 Louisville district_1------- -------------------------------- 1064 Nashville district---------------------- ---------------- 1024 Pittsburgh district- --------- ------------------------ 1118, 1157 Improvements: Locks and dams, construction_------------ 979, 1029, 1073, 1118 Open channel work- 986, 1029, 1073, 1118 Oil City,Pa ----------------------------------- ------------- 1162 Okabena Creek, Minn------------- --------------- ------------- 1240 Okeechobee-Everglades area----------------------------------- 514, 516 Okeechobee Waterway, Fla---------- ---------------------------- 489 Oklahoma City, floodway, North Canadian River, Okla --------- --- 861 Oklawaha River, Fla---------------------------------------------- 458 Olcott Harbor, N. Y----------- ---------------------------- 1457, 1458 Old Hickory Dam and Reservoir, Tenn----------------------------- -- 996 Old Landing, Del---------------------------- --------------- 242 Oldmans Creek, N. J----------- --- ---------------------------- 258 Old River, Calif----------- ------------------------------------ 1605 Old River, La-.------- --------------------------- 621, 654, 1870 Old River control Structures and Navigation Lock, La---_ ------------- 1870 Old River, Ohio ---------------------------------- ------------- 1417 Old River Channel, Everett Harbor, Wash ------------------------ 1762 Old Saybrook Channel, Conn________ ____-------------------51 Olean on Allegheny River, N. Y_______________------------------- 1159, 1160 Olympia Harbor, Wash------------------- ----------------------- 1785 Omaha, Nebr.: Engineering district----- ------------------------------------ 927 Missouri River Basin -- --------------------- --- 935, 952 Onancock River, Va .------------------ ---------------------- 370, 371 Onset Bay, Mass --------------------------- ------------------ 31 One Hundred Ten Mile Creek, Kans------------ -------------------- 896 Ontonagon Harbor, Mich---- ----------------------------------- 1177 Oologah Reservoir, Okla------------ --------------- -------------- 868 Operation Snowbound: Omaha District ---------------------------------------------- --- 952 Fort Peck District----------------------------------------- 969 Optima Reservoir, Okla--------------------------------------- -- 887 Orange County, Calif------------------------------- ---------------- 1526 Orange River, Fla---------------------------------------------- 512 Orange, Tex-------------- -----------------------------.---- 706 Oregon City, Oreg------ ------------------- ------------------- 1689 Oregon slough, Oreg---------------------------------------- 1686, 1721 Oriental, N. C------------------ ------------------------------- 396 Orick, Calif----- -------------------------------------- 1589 Orleans, Ind -------- ---------------------------------- ---- 1069 Orowoc Creek, N. Y - - - -- --------------------------- 182 1988 INDEX Page Ortona Lock, Fla_----------------------_ ------------------------- 491 Orwell Reservoir (Otter Tail River), Minn ---------------------------- 1195 Osage River, Kans. and Mo ---------------------------- _ 895, 896, 921 Osawatomie, Kans ------------------------------------------ 896, 923 Oscoda, Mich__ ------------------------------------------------- 1382 Osoyoos Lake Board of Control___________ ________________________ 1950 Oswego Harbor and River, N. Y_____________________________ 156, 1452, 1453 Otselic River, N. Y --------------------------------------------- 212 Ottauquechee River, Vt__ --------------------------------------- 110 Ottawa, Kans ----------------------- - ------- 921 Otter Brook Reservoir, N. H________________________________---- 108, 116 Otter Creek, Vt -------------------------------------------- 182, 188 Otter Tail River, Minn__________________________________ 1195 Ouachita River and river system, Arkansas and Louisiana------------- 649, 655 Overton-Red River Waterway, La_______________________________ 578 Owasco Inlet and Outlet, N. Y- ----------------------------------- 1463 Owensboro, Ky --------------------------------------- 983, 1066, 1069 Owens Dam and Reservoir, Calif__------------ 1645 Owls Head Harbor, Maine ----------------------------------------- 70 Oxford, N. Y_ ------------------------------ ----- 199 Oyster Channel, Va---------------------------------------------349 Oyster Creek, Tex ------------------------- 754 Oyster Creek Channel, N. J _________________________________ 251 Ozan Creek, Ark_ ------------------------- 657, 660 Ozark Dam and Reservoir, Ark_ - --- 820 Ozona Channel, Fla - 512 P Packachoag Hill, Mass 97 Pacoima Wash Channel, Los Angeles, Calif__----- 1507 Paducah, Ky_______ ___________________-___________ 1062, 1066, 1068 Paesta Creek, Tex ---------------------------------------------- 794 Pagan River, Va -------------------------------------------- 370, 371 Paint Creek Reservoir, Ohio_----------------------____ 1100, 1102 Painted Post, N. Y --------------------------------------------- 202 Painted Rock Reservoir, Ariz--------------------------- - 1538 Paint Rock River, Ala ____ - 1023 Pajaro River, Calif --------------------------------------------- 1589 Palix River, Wash_ _________________________---- 1783 Palm Beach, Fla.: Beach Erosion Control --------------------------------- 512 Harbor---------- --------------------------------- ------ 478 Channel -------- ------------------------------------------ 512 Palo Alto, Calif ----------------------------------------------- 1589 Palouse River, Idaho, Wash., Oreg __________________________ 1813, 1818 Pamlico and Tar Rivers, N. C_ ------------------------------------- 411 Pamlico Sound, N. C.: Improvement of waterway to Avon, N. C ---------------------- _ 410, 411 Improvement of waterway to Beaufort Harbor ---------------------- 397 Improvement of waterway to Rodanthe, N. C--------------- - - 411 Pamunkey River, Va---- -------------------- 370, 371 Panama City Harbor, Fla_ 542 Panther Creek Levee, Ill ------------------------------------- 1322 Parish Creek, Md ---------------------------------------------- 302 Park River, Conn ----------------------------------------------- 51 Park River, N. Dak____________________________________ 1194, 1213 Parkersburg, W. Va__________________ 981, 1099, 1101, 1102 Parkers Landing, N. J_ ---- ---- ---------- 245 Parnassus, Pa_- 1159, 1160 Parrotts Creek, Va _ ---------------------------------------- ---- 338 Pascagoula Harbor and River, Miss_______________________________ 561, 564 Pasquotank River, N. C------------------------------------------412 Passaic River, N. J__ - _- 161, 182 Passamaquoddy tidal power project, Maine- ----------- __ 70 Pass Cavallo, Tex. to Port Lavaca------------- 740 INDEX 1989 Page Pass Christian Harbor, Miss____________________________-____ 570 Pass Manchac, La_ ------------------------------------------ 620, 621 Patapsco River, Md -------------------------------------------- 274 Patchogue River, Conn. to N. Y ------------------------------- 45, 137 Patriot, Ind-_ 1066, 1069 Patuxent River, Md--------_-- _---- -- 338 Pawcatuck River, R. I., and Conn ______________________________ ___ 69, 70 Paw Paw River, Mich________________________________________________ 1350 Pawtucket, Blackstone River Basin, R. I_______________________________ 95, 126 Pawtucket (Seekonk) River, R. I_ _____________________________________ 69, 71 Payette River and Valley, Idaho______________ ___________________ 1813 Pearl River, Miss. and La__________________________________________ 566 Locks- _-___ 567 Pecan Bayou, Tex__- 788 Peconic River, N. Y --- 182 Pecos River, Tex__ 814 Peekskill Harbor, N. Y ____________________182 Pekin and La Marsh drainage and levee district, Illinois - -.. 1322 Pelican Harbor, Alaska_______________________________________________ 1839 Peltier Creek, N. C__------------------------ 385 Pembina River Reservoir, N. Dak___ ______________________________ 1194, 1212 Pembroke Creek, N. C__ 411 Pendleton Umatilla River, Oreg_--------- 1822, 1823 Pend Oreille River and Lake, Idaho __________________________________ 1786 Penguin Shoal, Conn --------------------------------------------- 44 Peninsula drainage district Nos. 1 and 2, Multnomah County, Oreg--1747 Pennington, Ala__ --------------------------------------------- 553 Pennington Bayou, Ark___ _ --------------------------------------- 849 Penny Slough, Rock River, Ill- - _______ -- ______- ____________ 1239 Penobscot River, Maine__________________________________ 69, 70 Pensacola Bay and Harbor, Fla_ 1570 Pensacola Reservoir, Okla _ 873 Pensaukee Harbor, Wis 1316 Pentwater Harbor, Mich___ 1365, 1399 Peoria Lock and Dam, Ill_ ----------------------------------- 1306, 1308 Pepperell Cove, Maine______________ __________________________________ 70 Permanent International Association of the Congress of Navigation. 1931 Perquimans River, N. C------------------------------------ 411 Perry County Drainage and Levee Districts Nos. 1, 2 and 3, Mo__ 688 -- Perry Reservoir, Kans_-- - 896, 923 Perth Amboy Anchorage, N. J _ - 167 Peru, Indiana__------------_ 1069 Petaluma Creek, Calif _ -- ----- 1555 Petersburg Harbor, Alaska_ 1832 Peterson, Ala _ _ 553 Petit Anse Bayou, La__ ------------- 621 Petoskey Harbor, Mich________________________________ 1399, 1400 Philadelphia, Pa., engineering district____________________________ Philpott Reservoir, Va_____________-_________-__-- Phoebus, Va., improvement of channel to Hampton Roads_ -___ _ - 217 375, 377 371 Pickerel Channel, Mich ------------------------------- _ 1380 Pickwick Landing, Tenn_ - - - 1004 Piedmont Reservoir, Ohio. - 1080 Pierce, Nebr__-------------- -_-- 952 Pierre Bayou, La _-- - 623, 634, 643 Pigeon Creek, Ill. and Ind 1053, 1224 ---------- _ Pigeon Point Reef, Oreg ....... 1717 Piles Creek, N. Y__ _ - 167 Pilot Rock, Birch Creek, Oreg . . . ..---------------------------------- 1823 Pilottown, La ___---- 602 Pine Bluff, Ark-----_ ------ - 655, 849 Pine Canyon Reservoir, Nev ___ _ __ _ -_ ___ _ _-- _- 1540 Pine Flat Reservoir, Calif - -1649 Pinellas County, Fla___ _ ___ 512 Pine River Reservoir, Minn - --- ---- ---- - --- 1187 1990 INDEX Page Pine River, St. Clair City, Mich_ --------------------------------- 1400 Pineville, Ky _ ------------------------------------------------- 1009 Pineville, Red River, La________________ ___________________________ 623, 643 Pinole Shoal, Calif ... ------------------- --------- 1557 Pinon Canon Dam, N. Mex----------------- Pioneer Reservoir, Arikaree River, Colo. and Kans_------------ ----- 896, 923 Piscataqua River, Maine and N. H__ ________________________-- __-- 14 Pithlachascotee River, Fla_______________ -- ____________________ 512 Pittsburgh Harbor, Pa__ - ________ ______ 1118 Pittsburgh, Pa-_ 1159, 1160 Pittsburgh, Pa., engineering district Plain Dealing Creek, Md., channel to Oak Creek___________ Plaquemine Bruel, Bayou, La_- _______________ -- 1105 302 621 Plaquemine Lock, La_ 587 Platoro Reservoir, Conejos River, Colo---- 815 Plattsburg Harbor, N. Y_------------------------------------ 182 Playa Del Rey Inlet and Basin, Calif ----------------------------- 1485 Pleasant Hill Reservoir, Ohio____-- ____-------------- ----------- 1080 Pleasant River, Maine________________________________ _ 70 Pleasanton, Tex_ ------------------------------------------------794 Plentywood, Mont _ ---------------------------------------------- 977 Plunkett Dam, Mass ------------------------------------------- 193 Plymouth Harbor, Mass___--------------------------------------- 70 Plymouth, Pa ----------------------------------------------- 312 Poca Reservoir, W. IVa- ---------------------------------- 1100, 1103 Pocomoke River and Sound, Md____________ ------- __________ 294, 302 Poe Lock, St. Mary's River, Mich _ 1174, 1329, 1331 Point Iroquois Shoals, Mich-______-_------ ------ _ 1332 Point Judith, and Point Judith Pond, R. I., harbor of refuge----------------39 Point Knox Shoal, Calif__ ----------------------------------------- 1552 Point Lookout Harbor, Mich ------------------------------------- _ 1400 Point Marion, Pa --------------------------------------------- 1115 Point Mugu to San Pedro Breakwater Beach Erosion Control, Calif--------- 1544 Point Pleasant, W. Va---------------------------------______ 1099, 1101, 1102 Point Potrero Calif_ _-- - 1559 Point Richmond, Calif ------------------------------------------ _ 1559 Pokegama Reservoir, Minn------ ------------ 1187 Polecat Creek, Okla_ 864 Pollock Rip Shoals, Nantucket Sound, Mass_--________ _____- _______ 34 PoIson Bay, Flathead Lake, Mont__-________ ________________ - __- 1785 Pomeroy, Ohio .. ---------------------------- 1099, 1102 Pomme de Terre Reservoir, Mo_- 896, 922 Pomona Reservoir, Kans__ _ 920 Ponce Harbor, P. R_______________________________ 511, 512 Ponchatoula Creek and River, La_ 621, 645 Pontchartrain Lake, La____-- 1869 Pontiac diversion, Pawtuxet River Basin, R. I _- _- - 126 Pooles Island, Md-------------------- 232 Popasquash Neck, R. I___ - 38 Poplar Bluff, Mo-.---------------------- 828, 849 Poquonock River, Conn ---- _ 63 Portage Lake harbor of refuge, Mich_ - -- - 1399, 1400 Portage lock, Fox River, Wis_ - - 1266 Portage, Pa_----------------------------- 1162 Port Alexander, Alaska--- 1839 Port Allen Harbor, T. H _ 1571 Port Angeles Harbor, Wash- ------------ 1785 Port Aransas-Corpus Christi Waterway_ 742 Port Arthur Canal, Tex_________________________ ----- __-____- - - 706 Port Austin Harbor, Mich--------------------------------------- 1386 Port Bay, N. Y ---------------------------------------------- 1458 Port Bolivar, Tex ----------------------------------------- 714, 724 Port Chester Harbor, N. Y 182 Port Clinton Harbor, Ohio_--------------------------- 1399, 1400 Port Everglades Harbor, Fla -------------------------- 511, 512 INDEX 1991 Page Port Gamble Harbor, Wash., improvement_______________________________ 1785 Port Henry Harbor, N. Y---------------------------------------- 182 Port Hueneme Harbor, Calif -------------------------------------- 1483 Port Isabel Channel, Texas__________________________________---____ 714, 750 Port Jefferson Harbor, N. Y_ --------------------------------------- 182 Portland Harbor, Maine___ --------------------------------------- 10 Portland, Ohio________________-______-___________ 982, 1099, 1102 Portland, Oreg., engineering district____________________________________ 1675 Portland, Oreg-- ----------------------------------------- 1723, 1748 Port Lavaca, Tex., channel from Pass Cavallo 740 Port Macon, N. C------------- -------------------------------- 402 Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, Idaho_____________________________ 1813, 1815 Port Ontario Harbor, N. Y ---------------------------------- 1458 Port Orchard Bay, Wash_____________________________________________ 1785 Port Richmond Anchorage, Pennsylvania_____ 222 Port Royal Harbor, S. C ______________________________________ 426 Port Royal Sound, S. C-- - - - -------------- 417 Port St. Joe Harbor, Fla___________________________________ 569, 570 Port Sanilac Harbor, Mich___________________________________________ 1388 Port Series Reports_-------------------- 1845 Portsmouth Harbor, N. H. and Maine_______________________________ __ 14 Portsmouth Harbor, Va., channel to Nansemond Ordnance Depot_ 371 Portsmouth, New Boston, Ohio___________________________ 982, 1088, 1099, 1101 Port Townsend Bay and Oak Bay, Wash. Waterway_ 1785 Portville, N. Y--- ---------------------------------------- 1159, 1160 Port Washington Harbor, Wis-------------------------------- 1280, 1315 Port Wing Harbor, Wis ---------------------------------------- 1193 Posten Bayou, La. and Ark________________ _____________________623, 643, 645 Poteau River, Okla ------- 880 Potomac River: Improvement at Alexandria, Va____ _____________________________ 338 Improvement at Lower Cedar Point, Md--------------------------338 Improvement at Mount Vernon, Va ------------------------------ 338 Improvement at Washington, D. C_______________________________ 316, 319 Improvement below Washington, D. C_-__________________ 319, 321, 337 North Side of Washington Channel___________________________ _ 318 Waterchestnut elimination ------------------------------------- 319 Potowomut River, R. I_ --------------------------- 70 Pottawatomic Creek, Kans ________ ______________________________ 896 Powahatan Point, Ohio ____________________________________ 1099, 1102 Prado Dam, Calif ----------------------------------------- 1527, 1530 Prairie du Chien Wis., harbors_______________________________________ 1247 Prairie du Pont irainage and levee district ---------------------------- 694 Prairie du Rocher and vicinity, Illinois_ 689 Prairie Portage Board of Control__ ___________________________________ 1949 Prattville, Autauga Creek, Ala __- ------------ 572 Prescott area, Columbia County, Oreg -- ---------- 1747 President Roads, Mass__________ ----------------------------- _______________ 24 Presidio Shoal, Calif__ 1552 Presque Isle Harbor, Marquette, Mich ... ------------ 1183 Presque Isle Peninsula, Erie, Pa-______________-______________ 1430, 1464 Preston drainage and levee district, Illinois____________________________681, 685 Prestonville, Ky-------------- - 1066, 1069 Priest Rapids Dam, Wash____________________________________ 1794 Princess Point Cutoff Channel, Mich --------------------------------1179 Princeton Lock and Dam, Wis ------------------------------------ _ 1266 Proctor, Otter Creek, Vt_____ _--------------------------------- - 211 Proctor, W. Va----- ---- -------- 1099, 1102 Proctor Reservoir, Brazos River, Tex- __------- 782, 784 Proctorville, Ohio___________________________________ _ 982, 1099, 1102 Prompton Reservoir, Lackawaxen River, Pa_ 263 Prospect Beach, Conn--------------------------------------------77 Providence Harbor and River, R. I________________________ 37 Provincetown Harbor, Mass__--- 70 Pudding River, Oreg---- --- 1723, 1748 1992 INDEX Page Pueblo, Colo --------------------------------------------------- 814 Puget Sound and its tributary waters, Wash., improvement of---------1453, 1771 Pullman, Wash- - 1823 Pultneyville Harbor, N. Y_ 1458 Pungo River, N. C - 385 Punxsutawney, Pa- - - ------------- 1129, 1159 Purgatoire River, Colo ---------------------------------- 816 Put-in-Bay Harbor, Ohio_ 1400 Puyallup River, Wash., improvement of Tacoma Harbor ---.-- 1773, 1792, 1794 Q Queenstown Harbor, Md- - ------ _ 302 Queque de Tortue Bayou, La _ - -621 Quillayute Viver, Wash_--- - 1766 Quinby Creek, Va -_ - 347 Quincy, Ill_ 1224, 1245 Quincy Shore Beach, Mass_- - - - 88 Quindaro Bend, Missouri River _ 892 Quinnipiac River, Conn- - ------- _ 56 R Raccoon Creek, N. J-- --- 257, 258 Raccoon levee unit, Indiana__-__ 1066 Racine Harbor, Wis_- 1285, 1315 Racine, Ohio_ ----------------- 1099, 1102 Rahway River, N. J----------- ------------------- 182 Ranier drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg 1747 Rainy Lake Board of Control _- - --- 1949 Rancocas Creek or River, N. J--- - 258 Randolph Reservoir, Va_---------------------- 375 Rapide Croche Lock and Dam, Wis_ - - 1266 Rappahannock River, Va -- _- - - - 326, 337, 338 Raritan Bay and River, N. J-_-------------------- -- -_- 166, 170 Improvement of channel to Arthur Kill-------_ ---------------- 173 Rathbun Reservoir, Iowa - -----------------__ 923 Raton Creek, N. Mex--- ------------------------------ 816 Ravenna, Ky ------------------------------------------------- 1031 Ravenswood, W. Va------------------------------------982, 1099, 1102 Raymond, Wash -------------------------------------------- 1794 Redbank Creek Reservoir, Pa-.-. 1160 Red Bank, Pa--------------------- 1159 Reddies River Dam, N. C 28 4---------------- Red Chute, La__-- ------------------ - 623, 643 Red Fish Bay and Landing, Tex------------------------------------714 Red Hook Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y ___ - -- - 143 Red Hook Flats, N. Y __ 158 Red Lake and Red Lake River, Minn _ - 1193, 1194, 1198 Redondo Beach Harbor, Calif . 1488 Red River, La., Ark., Tex., and Okla.: Below Denison Dam: New Orleans district-...-- 622, 629 Tulsa district_ _ 883, 885 Below Fulton, Ark --------------------------------------- 576 From Fulton, Ark., to mouth of Washita River, Okla_ ----------------- 854 Vicinity of Shreveport, La-____________-__________ 623, 643 Red River of the North Drainage Basin, Minn., S. Dak., and N. Dak___ 1193, 1194 Red River Parish, La__ __________________________________623, 643 Red River, Tenn__ 1008 Red Rock Reservoir, Iowa_____________ _______ _ ------- 701, 1229, 1238 Red Run, Clinton River, Mich-- ------------------------------- 1405 Redstone Creek, Pa -------------------------------------------- 1145 Red Willow Reservoir, Nebr__ --------------------------------------- 896 Red Wing, Minn., harbor ---------------------------------------- 1247 Lock No. 3 1244 Redwood City Harbor, Calif___ - - -- 1564 INDEX 1993 Page Redwood River, Minn ------------------------------------------1215 Reedy Point, Md___ ---------------------------------------------- 232 Reevesville, Ill ----------------------------------- 1066, 1069 Regulation of hydraulic mining and preparation of plans----------------- 1913 Rehoboth Bay to Delaware Bay, Del__________________________________ _ 238 Reno Beach, Lucas County, Ohio____________________________________ 1406 Republican River, Kans., Colo. and Nebr______________________ _ 896 Reservation Point, Calif 1491 Reservoirs at Headwaters of Mississippi River------------------------- 1187 Restoration of Indian Fishing Grounds, Bonneville, Oreg------------ - 1684 Revere Beach, Mass --------------------------------------------- 88 Reynoldsville, Pa ------------------------------------------- 1128 Rhodes Point to Tylerton, Md____________________________________ 300 Rice Creek, Fla -- 461 Rices Landing, Pa. . - - 1115 Richland Reservoir, Mo _ ------------ - -- 896, 923 Richmond deepwater channel, Va_ 355 1031 - Richmond, Ky___----------------- - - Richmond Harbor, Calif_ --------------- 1558 Richmond Harbor, Maine______________-________________________ 70 Richmonds Island Harbor, Maine __________________________________ 70 Richwood, W. Va----------- --------------------------------- 1103 Ridgeley, W. Va_ ----------------------------------------------- 341 Ridgeway, Pa ------------------------------------------------ 1159 Rimerton, Pa ------------------------------------------------ 1107 Rincon Reef Rock, Calif___ _------------------------------------- 1552 Rio Chama, N. Mex -------------------------------------------- 801 Rio Grande Floodway, N. Mex_____________________-__________ _ _ 804 Rio Hondo Basin, Calif --------------------------------- 1504, 1516, 1517 Rio Hondo, N. Mex -------------------------------------------- 810 Ripley, Ohio --------------------------------------------- 1066, 1069 Rising Sun, Ind..___-- - - ____ - ____--- ________- -- - -- Riverdale, Connecticut River Basin, Mass----------------------109, 126, 127 - 1066, 1069 Riverland levee district, Missouri_______________________________ ___ 703 Riverside levees, Calif -------------------------------------- 1534, 1537 Riverton, La -------------------------------------------------- 651 Riverview, W. Va_ ------------------------------------- 1099, 1102 Roanoke Rapids Reservoir N. C_-- 375 RoanokeRiver Basin, N. 6. and Va_ 374, 410, 411 John H. Kerr Reservoir_____________________________ 375, 376 Rochester, Ky ------------------------------------------------ 1033 Rochester and McCleary's Bluff levee unit, Illinois____ ------------------ _ 1066 Rochester (Charlotte) Harbor, N. Y _------------ 1449 Rochester, Pa ----------------------- -------------------- 1159, 1160 Rochester Reservoir, Iowa______________ ____________________-- 1238, 1239 Rock Creek, Okla ------------------------------------ 865 Rock Falls, Ill ------------------------------------------------ 1221 Rock Hall Harbor, Md ------------------------------------------ 278 Rockhold Creek, Md --------------------------------------- 302 Rock Island, Ill., engineering district -------------------------------- 1219 Rock Island, Ill., harbor ----------------------------------------- 1247 Rockland Harbor, Maine__________________________________- 70 Rockland Reservoir, Neches River, Tex 766 7------------------------ Rockport Harbor, Maine ------------------------------------------ 70 Rockport Harbor, Mass____ --------------------------- --- 70 Rockport Harbor, Tex _ 714 Rockport, Ind__ -------------------------------------------- 1066, 1069 Rock River, Ill. and Wis---------- -- ------------------------ 1224, 1239 Rocky Arroyo River, N. Mex _________________________________ 811 Rocky Dam, N. Mex ------------------------------ _ 811 Rocky Ford drainage and levee district, Illinois_-- ----- __------1322 Rocky Fork Reservoir, Ohio________________________________ 1100, 1103 Rocky Pass in Keku Strait, Alaska --------------------------------- 1839 Rocky Point, Mass_ - - - - ----- -_ 30 Rocky River Harbor, Ohio_ -- ..- 1457, 1458 1994 INDEX Page Rodanthe, N. C., channel from Pamlico Sound to_-- 411 Rogers City Harbor, Mich-..... . 1400 Rogue River Harbor, Oreg---- -------------- _- 1721 Roland drainage district, Arkansas River, Ark 849 Rollinson Channel, N. C -------- 392 Rome, Ga-- - ------ _ - 572 Rome Ind __- 1066, 1069 Rome, Ohio -------------------- _ - -------- 982 Rondout Harbor, N. Y ------------------------------------------ 182 Rose Creek, Nebr- - -- -------------------------- 896 Roseville, Ohio ----- 1099 Rosiclare, Ill11------------------_ 1068, 1069 Rossview Reservoir, Tenn. and Ky_ __- 1025, 1026 Roswell, N. Mex_ ------------- 810 Rouge River, Mich_ - - --- 1391 Rough River, Ky_ 1036, 1066 Reservoir_ --------------- 1051, 1067 Round Island and Lake, Mich_ 1331 Round Rock Shoal, Mass ----- 17 Rouses Point, Lake Champlain, N. Y 182 Rouseville, Pa- ------ - - 1162 Royal River, Maine 71 Rubio Canyon, Diversion, Calif __ 1517 Rumsey, Ky_ 1033 Rush River, N. Dak __1195 Russell and Allison levee unit, Illinois - - --------- 1066 Russell Creek, S. C_ 428 Russell, Ky -------------------------------- 1099, 1102 Russian River, Calif_ __ 1581 Rutland, Otter Creek, Vt__------------------------- 188 Sabin Lock, St. Mary's River, Mich__ ---------- 1329, 1331 Sabine Lake, Tex ---------------------------------------------- 708 Sabine-Neches Waterway, Tex ------------------------------------- 705 Sabula, Iowa--- ---------------------------------------------- 1236 Sac River, Mo------------------------------------------------- 896 Sackets Harbor, N. Y ------------------------------------------ 1458 Saco, Mont---- ----------------------------------------------- 971 Saco River, Maine ---------------------------------------------- 71 Sacramento, Calif., engineering district - - - 1593 Sacramento River, Calif---------------- --- - _ 1593 Collinsville to Shasta Dam, Calif_-- 1617 Debris control--------------------------- 1917 Flood control --------------------------- 1919 Sag Harbor, N. Y ---------------------------------------------- 182 Saginaw Bay and River, Mich ------------------------------------1384 St. Albans Harbor, Lake Champlain, Vt ----------------------- 182 St. Andrews Bay and Sound, Fla-__ -- _______________ __- -_______ 543 St. Anthony Falls Upper Lock, Minn., improvement of Mississippi River from Missouri River to Minneapolis--------------------------1244, 1247 St. Augustine Harbor and Inlet, Fla --------------------------------- 469 St. Catherine Sound, Md----------------------------------------- 338 St. Clair Flats Canal, Lake and River, Mich ------------------------- 1336 St. Clement Bay, Md _------------------ 323 St. Croix River, Minn. and Wis ---- --- ------------------------- 1191 St. Croix River, Maine ------------------------------------- ------ 71 St. Croix River, Maine and New Brunswick, operations of International Board of Control -------------------------------------------- 1940 St. Francis Bay and River, Ark__ 671, 673 St. Genevieve Levee Dist. No. 1, Mo ------------------------- 703 St. George Island, Md _- 324 St. Georges, Md_ ----------------------------------------------- 232 St. James Harbor, Beaver Island, Mich_ 1374 St. Jeromes Creek, Md_---- --------------------------------- 337, 338 INDEX 1995 Page St. Johns River, Fla.: At Jacksonville 455 Between Norfolk, Va. and St. Johns Riv., Fla=_ 367, 383, 417 Jacksonville to Lake Iarney= 511, 512 Beresford Cutoff and Deep Creek improvement 512 St. Jones River, Del_--------- -------------- 258 St. Joseph Harbor and River, Mich., and Ind. 1400 St. Joseph Island, Tex- ----------------------- 744 St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corp___________ ___ 1467 St. Lawrence River Board of Control_ 1942 St. Louis, Mo----------------------------------- 703 St. Louis, Mo., engineering district_ --- - 675 St. Lucie Canal and River, Fla------------ ----- ---- 491, 511, 512 St. Maries, Idaho----- ------------------------------ 1794 St. Marks River, Fla - ----------------- -- - 570 St. Marys Falls Canal, Mich --- -------- 1332 St. Marys, Pa ----------------------------------- _-1159 St. Marys River, Ga. and Fla ------------------- 446 St. Marys River, Mich------ 1327 St. Marys, W. Va_ - 1099, 1102 *St. Michael Canal, Alaska_- _ 1839 St. Patricks Creek, Md--- ------- 323 St. Paul Harbor, Minn 1247 St. Paul, Minn., engineering district_ 1165 St. Petersburg Harbor, Fla_______------ 511, 512 St. Thomas Harbor, V. L______________________ ____ 512 Sailors Rest, Tenn __ ------------------------- 992 Sakonnet Harbor and River, R. I-_ _______--_-- -------- S69,71 Salem Church Reservoir, Va_---------- ------- 344 Salem Harbor, Mass-- -------------------- -------- 69, 71 Salem River, N. J-------------------------- ----- 258 Salina, Kans ---------- 912 Salinas River, Calif______________ 1589 Saline Point, La------------- ------------- --------- 643 Saline River, Ark--------------------- ---- -------- 654 Saline River, Kans--------------- 896 Salitpa, Ala___ ___________________________ 553 Salkahatchie River, S. C ---------- 428 Salmon Bay, Wash ---------------------------- 1771 Salmon River, Alaska_ 1840 Salmon River, Oreg 1721 Salt Creek, Fla. See St. Petersburg Harbor. Salt Creek, Ill__------------------------- 1322 Salt Creek and Fork of Arkansas River, Okla- - 888 Salt Lake City, Jordan River, Utah _ 1661 Salt River, Mo------------------------------------- 702 Samoa Channel, Calif_ -1550 Sampit River, S. C - 420 San Angelo Reservoir, Tex_----------------------- _____ 786, 790 San Antonio Creek, Calif____________________--- 1526, 1527, 1529 San Antonio Dam, Calif_____________ ____________- 1527, 1528 San Antonio Floodway, Tex_ - -- - 791 San Bernard River, Tex-------------- 714 San Diego Creek, Tex_._ --- 794 San Diego Harbor and River, Calif---------------- 1500 San Diego River Basin, Calif_____________________________ 1538 Sand Hill Cove Beach, Point Judith, R. I______________________ 88 Sand Hill River, Minn__________________ ____-_-_ 1195 Sandusky River and Harbor, Ohio_ -- - 1409, 1458 Sandwich, Mass_---------------------- 30 Sandy Bay, Cape Ann, Mass------------------------ 71 Sandy drainage district, Multnomah County, Oreg- 1747 Sandy Hook Bay, N. J -------------------------------- 167, 174, 176, 182 Sandy Lake Reservoir, Minn __ 1187 Sandy Lick Creek, Pa_ =______________ -- - - 1128 1996 INDEX Page Sandy Point, Conn--------- ------------------------------------ 56 San Francisco Bay and Harbor, Calif--------------------------- 1552, 1554 San Francisco, Calif., engineering district-... - 1547 San Gabriel River, and Channel, Calif --- 1503, 1512, 1513 Sangamon River, Ill________ _ ___________ ___ 701, 1319, 1322 San Joaquin River, Calif -------------- ------- 1607 San Juan Dam, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif-------------------- 1527, 1542 San Juan Harbor, P. R__________---------------- _ 506 San Lorenzo Creek, Calif- 1584 San Lorenzo River, Calif_____________ ______-- ----- ___ 1585 San Luis Obispo Harbor, Calif-------------------- - 1502 San Marcus River, Tex______________ ________--------------------- 790 San Pablo Bay, Calif 1555, 1556 San Rafael Creek, Calif___------------ 1581 San Sebastian River, Fla___---------------- 470 Santa Ana River, Calif___________________________ ------ _ 1526, 1534 Santa Anita Wash., Calif----------------- 1518 Santa Barbara Harbor, Calif_________ ______________ __ 1481 Santa Clara River, Calif-------------------- 1542 Santa Fe Reservoir, Los Angeles___________________________________ 1513 Channel-----------------_ - - - 1559 San Jacinto River levee, Calif_--- 1534, 1542 Santa Maria Valley Levees, Santa Maria River Basin, Calif - -- 1542 Santa Rosa, N. Mex --------- 808 Santee River, S. C-------------- ------------ ------ -- 427, 428 Sapelo Harbor, Ga----------------------------------------------446 Sardis, Ohio -------------------------------------- Sasanoa River, Maine_______________ Sasco Hill Beach, Conn________________________________ ________________ __ __- 1099, 1102 71 82 Satilla River, Ga ----------------------------------------------- 446 Saugatuck Harbor, Mich------------------------ -------------- 1354 Saugatuck River, Conn ______________________-----------64, 69 Saugerties Harbor, N. Y --------------------------------- 182 Sault Ste. Marie, Mich____ _______- ______----- ----------- 1328 Sauvie Island (areas A and B), Multnomah County, Oreg --------------- 1747 Savage River Dam, Md------------------------------------------ 344 Savannah, Ga., engineering district--_____ ___------------ ------- -433 Savannah, Ga. to Fernandina, Fla. waterway__________________________ 435 Savannah Harbor and River, Ga.: Improvement of harbor--------- ------------------------------ 436 Improvement of river above Augusta------------------------ 446 Improvement of river at Augusta------------------------------- ----- 446 Improvement of river below Augusta --------------- ------------ 441 Savannah River Basin, Ga., and S. C- 47 4----------------- Saverton, Mo __ ---------------------------------------------- 1245 Sawpit Wash., Rio Hondo Basin-------------------- 1518 Sawtelle-Westwood system, Calif ---------------------------------- 1521 Saylersville, Ky ----------------------------------------------- 1069 Scappoose drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg ------------------- 1747 Scarboro River, Maine, between Prouts Neck and Pine Point__-- ---- 71 Schell Run, Pa_ ------------------------------------------------ 310 Scholfield River, Oreg ------------------------------------ 1714 Schoolfield Reservoir, Va. and N. C_ 375 Schooner Bayou, La ------------------------------------ - 597, 641 Schuyler, Nebr__ -------------------------------------- --- 952 Schuylkill River, Pa_ ----------------- 225 Above Fairmont Dam ---------------------------------------- 258 Scioto River, Portsmouth, Ohio ----------------------------------- -1077 Flood control reservoirs -------------------------------------- 1100 Sciotoville, Ohio ------------------------------------------ 1099, 1102 Scituate Harbor, Mass_ ---------------------------------------- 69, 71 Scotts Creek, Va ----------------------------------------------- 363 Scuppernong River, N. C_______________________- -__________ 411 Seadrift, Tex_------- ------- - ----- - 715 Seaford, Del_ 285 INDEX 1997 Seahorn drainage and levee district, Illinois__ Sealevel, N. C-- -- -- _ - _- -_ -__---- -- Page _ -_ 1322 398 Seaside Park, Conn_------------------------ 80 Seattle Harbor, Wash., improvement of Duwamish River and east and west waterways___------------------------------------------------- 1785 Seattle, Wash., engineering district_ 1453 Sebastian, Fla---------------------------------- 465 Sebewaing River and Harbor, Mich_ ------------------------ 1400 Sebewaing, Sebewaing River, Mich___________________________________ 1403 Seekonk (Pawtucket) River, R. I -------------------------- --- 69, 71 Seldovia Harbor, Alaska_------------ - 1839 Selkirk Shores, Lake Onterio, N. Y - - 1467 Selsers Creek, La_ --------------------------------- 645 Senecaville Reservoir, Ohio _ - - - - - 1080 Sepulveda flood control basin, Los Angeles River__ 1507 Sevier River, Utah and Nevada_ 1662 Seward, Alaska, Harbor of Refuge__ -------------------------------- 1829 Sewickley, Pa__ --------------------------------------------- 981 Shallotte River, N. C_------------------------------- --- 411 Shark River, N. J_-------------------- -- 177 Shasta Dam to Collinsville, Calif--__ 1617 Shasta Reservoir, Calif ---------------------------------------- 1596 Shawneetown, Ill 1066, 1069 Sheboygan Harbor, Wis_ ---------------------------------- - 1277 Sheepscot River, Me_------------------ - 72 Sheepshead Bay, N. Y --------------------------------- 182 Shelley Area, Idaho--------------------- ------------ 1813 Shem Creek, S. C -------------------- _ ---------- 422 Shenango Reservoir, Pa., and Ohio_--------------------- 1159 Shepard Ditch, N. C--------------- 412 Sherwood Island State Park, Conn - ---- 85 Sheridan, Wyo----------------- --------- ----- 975 Sheyenne River, N. Dak ----------------------------------------- 1194 Shields River, Mont .. -------------------- ----- 976 Shilshole Bay, Seattle, Wash _ -------- 1768 Shinnecock Canal, N. Y - 137 Ship Island Pass, Miss., improvement of pass and channel to Gulfport. - - - 565 Shipyard River, S. C ----------------------------------------- 424 Shoal Harbor, N. J 74 1----------------- Shoals, east fork of White River, Ind . ---------- 1069 Shore Protection Board. See Beach Erosion Board. Short Beach, Conn ------------------------------------------- -- 88 Short Cut Canal, Mich_ 1393 Short Mountain Dam and Reservoir, Okla _ 820 Short Point, Me--------------------------------- Shreveport, La., to Jefferson, Tex., improvement of waterway_ Shrewsbury River, N. J ---------------------------- -------------- - - 579 182 4 Shufflebarger levee unit, Indiana_-- - 1067, 1069 Sierra Madre Villa Channel, Rio Hondo Basin---------_------------ 1518 Silver Beach to Cedar Beach, Conn__,_ _---------------------- ____ __ 88 Silver Creek, Pa --------------------------------------- -------- 1127 Silver Lake Harbor, N. C ------------------ - - ------ 394 Silver Springs Run, Fla ----------------------------------------- 460 Sinepuxent Bay, Md _ ------------------------------------------- 296 Sink Run, Pa_-------------------------------------------------_ 310 Sioux City, Iowa ---------------------------------- --- 935, 952 Sioux Falls, S. Dak --------------------------------------------- 943 Sistersville, W. Va ----------------- -------------------- 1099, 1102 Sitka Harbor, Alaska _-____ _________________________________- 1839 Siuslaw River, Oreg_ ---------------------------------------- 1711, 1721 Six Mile Bay Creek, Ill ---------------------------------------- 1224 Skaggs Ferry, Black River, Ark ----------------------- -------- -- 849 Skagit Bay and River, Wash _ -------------------------------- 1785, 1794 Skagway Harbor and River, Alaska_ --------- 1839, 1840 Skamokawa Creek area, Wahkiakum County, Wash---.--.----- - 1747 1998 INDEX Page Skamokawa Creek, Wash ---------------------------------------- 1721 Skipanon Channel and River, Oreg., improvement of channel-------_ ----- 1721 Skunk Creek, S. Dak-_ -------------------------------------- 943 Slaughter Creek, Md -------------------------------------------- 302 Sluice Creek, Conn_ ------------------- 53 Smith Creek, Md_ -------------------------------------------- 338 Smith Creek, N. Y ---------------------------------------------- 167 Smithland, Ky_ -------------------------------------------- 1067, 1069 Smith Mountain Reservoir, Va- ------------------------------------ 375 Smith River, Oreg --------------------------------------------- 1710 Smiths Creek, N. C___-------------- 396, 411 Smiths Ferry, Pa------------------------ 1159, 1160 Smoky Hill River, Kans -------------------------------------- 896, 912 Smuttynose Island, Me., N. H --------------------------------- 15 Smyrna River, Del ------------------------------------------ 257, 258 Snake River, Idaho, Oreg., and Wash -------------------------------1801 Snohomish River, Wash -------------------------------- 1761 Sny Basin, Ill___ 1224 Sny Island levee drainage district, Ill------ 1239 Socorro, N. Mex----------------------- 816 Soldier Ledge Channel, Hussy Sd., Maine - _ 11 Somers Cove, Md_------------------------ 291 Somerville Reservoir, Yequa Creek, Tex__ _ - 782, 793 Souris River, N. Dak_ 1216 South Bank Arkansas River (Head of Fourche Island to Pennington Bayou), Ark------------------------------------------------------ 849 South Beardstown drainage and levee district, Ill - - 1322 South Bristol Harbor, Maine --------------------------------------- 71 South Coventry Reservoir, Conn_----------- 101, 126 South Cumberland, Md _ ------------------------------------------342 Southern New York Flood Control Project-------_ ----------------------- ----------- 197 South Fork of Cumberland River, Ky_ South Haven Harbor, Mich., improvement_ - 1008 1352 South Milwaukee Harbor, Wis ------------------------------------ _ 1316 South Pass, La 02 6----------------- South Platte River, Colo_ -- -- - --- 948 River Levees and Channel Improvements Chatfield Reservoir to Fort Morgan, Colo --------------------------------------------- 949 South Plymouth Reservoir, Canasawacta Creek, N. Y-- -- - 211 South Point, Ohio_ ----------------------------------- 1100, 1102 Southport Beach, Conn_ ---------------------------------------- 83 Southport Harbor, Conn ------------------------------------- 69, 71 South Portsmouth, Ky -------------------------------------- 1100, 1102 South Quincy, Ill ---------------------------------------------- 1239 South River, Mo ---------------------------------------------- 1239 South River, N. C_ --------------- 411 South Tunbridge Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt-_ - - - 108, 126 Southwest Pass, La ----------------------------------------- 602 Sow and Pigs Rocks, Conn _ 60 Sowashee Creek, Meridian, Miss-----------------------_ --------- 572 Spanish Fork River, Utah------------------------------------ 1662 Sparkman Channel, Fla_ ---------------- 498 Spokane River, Wash. and Idaho _ ---- --- 1794 Spoon River, Ill _ ----------------------------------------------- 1323 Spottsville, Ky_ ------------------------------------------------ 1033 Spring Creek, S. Dak -------------------------------------------- 952 Springdale, Connecticut River Basin, Mass-------__ --- 109, 126, 127 Springfield, Connecticut River Basin, Mass- 109, 125, 126, 127 Spring Lake, Ill ----------------------------------------------- 1322 Spring Point, Me _ ------------------------------------------------ 11 Spring River, Mo ----------------------------------------------- 872 Spuyten Duyvil Creek, N. Y -------------------------------------- 149 Squaw Creek, Okla--------------- 889 Squid Ledge, R. I--- - - --- -39 Stage Harbor, Mass - - -- - - -- - - --- 33 INDEX ' 1999 Page Stamford Harbor, Conn____ --------- 69, 71 Stanislaus River, Calif _ 1635 Star Island, Me., N. H-----------__ 15 Starlings Creek, Va___ 294 Starved Rock Lock and Dam, Ill - 1308 State Ditch, N. Y 1463 Staten Island Rapid Transit Railway Company Bridge, N. Y 214 Steele Bayou, Miss ------------------------------------------- 654 Steer Creek, W. Va ___ 1100, 1103 Steinhatchee River, Fla----------------------- 512 Sterling Dam, Ill---------------------------------- 1222 Sterlington Reach, La _ -- - 651 Steubenville, Ohio----------------------- 981 Stewart Canyon Debris Basin, Ventura River Basin, Calif --- 1542 Stewarts Ferry Reservoir, Tenn ------------------------------- 1025, 1026 Stikine River, Alaska_---------------------- --- 1839 Stillaguamish River, Wash -------------------- 1785, 1788 Stillwater Harbor, Minn 1192 Stillwater Reservoir, Pa-__ - - - 303 Stillwell Drainage District, Tillamook Bay, Oreg _ 1750 Stockton Channel, San Joaquin River, Calif., improvement 1608, 1615 Stockton Harbor, Maine_ 71 Stockton Reservoir, Mo_- 896, 923 Stonington Harbor, Conn - 44, 69 Stony Point, Mass__ 30 Stony Point, New York_----------------------- - - 1437 Stratford dike, Conn_ -- - 60 Strattonville, Ohio ------------------------------------- 981, 1159, 1160 Strawn Reservoir, Kans ____ 871 Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing, Ill-_- Stuart Reservoir, Va. and N. C---------------- - 690, 702 375 Stumpy Pt. Bay, N. C ... ...- 390 Sturgeon Bay and Lake Michigan Ship Canal, Wis_- 1269 Sturgis, Ky -------------------------------------------------- 1067 Success Reservoir, Calif------------------- 1653 Sugar Creek levee unit, Indiana ------------ ------- 1067 Sugar Hill Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, N. H -- 108, 126 Suisun Bay Channel, Calif-------------------- 1603 Suisun Channel, Calif___ ------------------------- 1602 Sullivan Falls Harbor, Maine_----------------- -- 71 Sulphur Creek, Tex_-------------------- - 645, 781 Sulphur River, Tex. and Ark -- 621 Summersville Reservoir, W. Va_ 1094, 1100 Summit, Del ---------- 232 Sumpawanus (Babylon Creek) Inlet, N. Y --- ---- 182 Sunbury,Pa------------------------------------ 312 Superior Harbor, Wis_ ___ ---- --- 1169 Supervision of the Harbor of New York. - - 179 Surry Mountain Reservoir, N. H ... - -- -108, 114 Surveys, Interoceanic Canal .... .... _ 1935 Of Northern and Northwestern Lakes - - - -- - 1471 Susquehanna River, Pa., Md., and N. Y. Above and below Havre de Grave, Md 302 North Branch of--------- ------------------------------- 196, 213 West Branch of -- --- -- 306 Sutton Reservoir, W. Va--------------- - -- 1089, 1100 Suwanee River, Fla. and Ga __ ------ ------- 512 Swan Creek, N. Dak __ 1213 Swan Creek Inlet, Md-- -- 278 Swan Island, Me., Channel west of--------------------------------- 9 Swan Island, Wash --------------------------------------------1695 Swan Lake, Ark ------------------ -- ------ 645 Swan Quarter Bay, N. C., to Deep Bay, N. C., waterway_ - 411 Swanton Harbor, Vt_ -------------------------------------- 182 Swift Creek, N. C 411 Swiger, Whitney, Young-Hoblit levee, Illinois_- -_ 1322 2000 INDEX Page Swinomish Slough, Wash_ - -- ____________________-----...__ .. 1757 Swoyersville, Pa Syracuse, Ohio __------ --- Sycamore, Wash., Los Angeles River Basin-. -- -------------------------------------------- ______-_____________-_ ----------- 1507 1100, 1102 304 Syracuse, Oswego River Basin, N. Y ------------------------------1463 T Taber Reservoir, Va-----------------_ -------- 375 Table Mound Reservoir, Kans._-------_ __ 882, 888 Table Mountain Reservoir, (Iron Canyon), Calif -_--------- 1621 Table Rock Reservoir, Mo _____________ _____________________ 831, 835 Tacoma Harbor, Wash -------------------------------------- 1772, 1792 Tallahatchie River, Miss___ 654 Tallapoosa River, Ala ------------------------------------------- 570 Tallow Hill Reservoir, Ga-------------- - 447 Tampa Bay and Harbor, Fla --------- 496, 511 Tanana River, Alaska_____________________________ - 1840 Tangier Channel, Va -------------------------------------------- 302 Tangier Sound, Md --------------------------------------------- 285 Tangipahoa River, La 621 Tappan Reservoir, Ohio ____ -___ 1080 Tar Bay, Md - - - 282 Tar Creek,Ill__ 1322 Tarentum, Pa_ 1158, 1160, 1162 Tar River, N. C--------------------------- 414 Tarrytown Harbor, N. Y---------------------------- 182 Taunton River, Mass _ 71 Taylor Falls, Minn -------------------- 1192 Taylors Bayou, Tex ----------------------------------------------- 706 Taylors Creek, N. C------------------------------ 402 Taylorsville, Ky ----------------------------- - 1067, 1070 Tchula Lake, Miss ---------------------------------------------- 654 Tell City, Ind -------------------------------------------- 1050, 1067 Templeton, Pa ----------------------------------- 1107 Tenants Harbor, Maine____________________________________________ 71 Tenasillahe Island, Clatsop County, Oreg - - ---------- 1747 Tenkiller Ferry Reservoir Okla----------------- --- ------ 877 Tennessee River, Tenn., Ala., and Ky___ 1002 Tensas River, Ark., and La_ - ------ 654, 1870 Terminus Reservoir, Calif ---------- 1653 Terrebonne Bayou, La_- 621 Terre Haute, Ind _ ------------------------------------ ---------- 1070 Terre Noire Creek, Ark --------------------------------------- 657, 660 Teton River, Idaho __ --------------------------------- 1813 Texarkana Reservoir, Tex---------------------- ------------_____- __ 623, 624 Texas City Channel, Tex ----------------------------------------- ___ 722 Thames River Basin, Conn., R. I., and Mass_______________________ 69, 100 Thames River, Conn --------------------------------------------- 71 The Inland Route, Mich _ - 1378 The Island Reservoir, Vt ------------------------------------ 108, 126 Thimble Shoal Channel and Norfolk Harbor, Va_----------- 370, 371 Thomaston Reservoir, Housatonic River Basin, Conn------ -------------- 124 Thompson Lake Drainage and Levee District, Ill-------------- 1322 Thoroughfare Bay with Cedar Bay, N. C., channel connecting Three Forks, Mont_-------------------------------------- ------ ------------ 411 976 Three Islands Reservoir, Tenn_--- -1025, 1026 Three Mile Creek, Mobile River, Ala_____________ _________________ 546 Tickfaw River, La ---------------------------------------- ------ 621 Ticonderoga River, N. Y-----------------__ - 182 Tidal Basin, D. C--------------------- ----------------------- 316 Tigre Bayou, La ---------------------------------------------- 621 Tilghman Island Harbor, Md _ 302 Tillamook Bay, bar, and entrance, Oregon__________ ____________ ____ 1703 Tionesta Reservoir, Pa- ...---- --- - --.- ___ 1121, 1159 Tiskilwa, Ill- ------ -- ....... - - - - -- . 1221 INDEX 2001 Page Toby Creek, Pa------------------------------------------------ 305 Tolars Landing, N. C ---------------------------------------- _ 405 Toledo Harbor, Ohio_____-___-_______________________ 1397 Tolu, Ky_ ------------------------------------------ 1067, 1070 Tombigbee River, Ala. and Miss-------_ ---- -552 Tombigbee and Tennessee Waterway _____________ 570 Tom Jenkins Reservoir (Burr Oak), Ohio_ 1086, 1100 Toms Creek, Conn-- ----- 75 Toms River, N. J_-------------------------------------------- _ 258 Tonawanda Creek, N. Y ---------------- 1441, 1458 Tonawanda Harbor, N. Y -------------------------------- 1439 Tongue River Reservoir, N. Dak____ 1194, 1212 Topeka, Kans_ -- --------------------- ---- --- 916 Tophet Brook, Mass _ ------------------- ---------- 193 Toronto Reservoir, Kans_ ----------------------------- _867 Totuskey Creek, Va---------------------------------------------327 Touchet River, Wash___________________________________________ _ 1813 Town Creek, Md-_-- - -- - - --- 302 Town Creek, S. C----------------- ----------------------------- 422 Town River, Mass ------------------------------------------------- Town ____________________________________ 28 Townshend Reservoir, Vt------------------- ----- 108, 113 Trabuco Dam, Calif-- 1527, 1542 Tradewater River, Ky _ 1036 Transportation Series Report____--________-- ________ 1845 Traverse City Harbor, Mich__ 1399, 1400 Treatment of Yuba River Debris Situation _ --------- 1915 Tred Avon River, Md ------------------------------------------- _ 302 Trempealeau, Wis. Lock _____ ______________________- ______ 1244 Trent River, N. C--- _ ------------------------------- 410, 411, 414 Trenton Channel, Mich_____ _______________________________ 1344 Trinidad, Purgatoire River, Colo___________________________________ 814 Trinity River and Tributaries, Tex______________________________ 731, 754, 766 Tri Pond levee unit, Illinois --------------------------------------1067 Troy, Ind ----------------------------------------------- 1067, 1070 Troy, N. Y ------------------------------------------------- 152 Truckee River and Tributaries, Calif-_ - 1662 -_________________________ Tuckahoe River, Md -------------------------------------------- 302 Tucker Lake, Ark------------------ _ -------- --- --- 849 Tuckerton Creek, N. J ------------------------------------ 258 Tucson diversion channel, Gila River Basin, Ariz----------------1542 Tucumari, N. Mex ---------------------------------------------799 Tule Lake, Tex------------------------------_ ------------------ 743 Tule River, Calif__ --------------------------------------------- 1653 Tulare Lake, Calif_______________________________ 1649 Tully Reservoir, Mass --------------------------------------- 108, 118 Tulsa and West Tulsa, Arkansas River, Okla_ --------------- ------ 887 Tulsa, Okla., engineering district ----------------------------------- 853 Tunjunga Wash Channel, Los Angeles River Basin---- ----------------- 1507 Tunungwant Creek, Pa --------------------------------- 1119 Tuolumne River, Calif------------- 1635 Turkey Creek, Kans __ ---------------------- 896 Turtle Creek Reservoir, Pa.__________________---- 1159, 1160 Tuscaloosa, Ala- 553 Tuscumbia River, Tenn __ 673 Tuttle Creek Reservoir, Kans---------- 915 Twelve Pole Creek, W. Va., flood control reservoir ---------------------- 1100 Twitch Cove, Md _ ------------------------------------- -292 Two Harbors (Agate Bay), Minn --------------------- -- 1193 Two Rivers Harbor, Wis---------------------------------------- 1273 Two Rivers Reservoir, Rio Hondo, near Roswell, N. Mex------------ ----- 810 Tyaskin Creek, Md---------------------------------------------- 302 Tygart River Dam, W. Va__________________ ______________________ 1109 .... Tylerton, Md.-. - -300 Tyrone, Pa.----- ------- - --- 310 2002 INDEX Page U Umatilla Harbor, Oreg-- -------------------------------------- 1813 Umatilla River, Oreg -------------------------------------------1813 Umpqua Harbor and River, Oreg _________________ ___________1713, 1748 Union Reservoir, Mo ---------- ---- 702 Union River, Maine ------------------------------------------- 69, 71 Uniontown, Ky____-______________________-____-- -983, 1054, 1067 Uniontown, Pa_ ------------------------------------------------ 1145 Union township Drainage District Levee, Mo--------------------- 1238, 1239 Union Village Reservoir, Vt---_------ ____-_____-________ ____ 108, 109 Upper Grays River Area, Wash_______________ _____________________ 1747 Upper Iowa River, Iowa --------------------- - 1211 Upper Machodoc Creek, Va_____________________ __ 338 Upper Mississippi River, Basin: Coralville Reservoir, Iowa_______________ _____________ ___ 1231, 1238 Rock Island Dist_ _- 1237 St. Louis Dist ---- --------- 701 Chicago Dist---------- ---------------------------- 1322 St. Paul Dist 1212 Upper Narrows (Harry L. Englebright) Reservoir 1919 Upper Puyallup River, Wash -................. 1794 Upper Thoroughfare, Deal Island, Md _........ 302 Upper West Waterland, Souris River Basin, N. Dak _ ------ 1216 Upper White River, Ark -----------------------------------------828 Upshur Bay, Va-- 347 Urbanna Creek, Va------ --------------------------------------- 329 U. S. Lake Survey --------------------------------------------- 1471 Utica, Ind ----------------------------------------------- 1067, 1070 V Valdez Harbor, Alaska__________________-__-_ 1839 Valley Center and Wichita, Kans_______________ ____________________ 855 Valley View, Ky ---------------------------------------------- 1031 Van Buren, Arkansas River, Ark________________ ___________________ 849 Vanceburg, Ky ----------------------------------------------- 1100 Vancouver, Wash, Columbia River____________________________________ 1685 Venice Drainage and Levee District, Ill________________ ________________ 703 Ventura River levee, Ventura River Basin, Calif _ _ __ 1542 Verdigris River, Kans. and Okla_______________________________________ 888 Verdugo Wash., Los Angeles River Basin_________________________________ 1507 Vermilion Bay and River, La -------------------------------------- 637 Vermilion Bayou, La---- ---------------------------------------- 621 Vermilion Lock, La-_ 588 Vermilion Harbor, Ohio_________________________________ 1457, 1458 Vermilion to Sheffield Lake Village, Ohio____________________________ 1467 Vero Beach, Fla _ ----------------------------------------------- 465 Versailles, Ky_ ------------------------------------------------ 1031 Vestal, N. Y -------------------------------------------------- 196 Vevay, Ind_ 1067, 1070 Vicksburg, Miss., engineering district___________ Victory Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt_ ________________ ___ 649 108, 126 Vidal Shoals, St. Marys River ----------------------- 1331 Villa Park Dam, Calif_-- 1527, 1542 Village Creek, White River and Mayberry districts, Ark --- ------ 849 Vincennes, Ind ------------------------------------------- 1058, 1067 Vincent Bayou, La _ .- 645 Vineyard Haven Harbor, Mass__________________ _________________ 69, 71 Vinton Waterway, La------------ - 621 Virginia Beach, Va---_ -------------------------------------- --- 379 Virginia Channel, D. C________________________ ______316 W Wabash, Ind-- -- -- -- -- -- -- - - -_ 1067, 1070 Wabash Railroad Bridges, Illinois River, Meredosia and Valley City, Ill ... 679 INDEX 2003 Page Wabasha, Minn., harbor---------- ------------------------------- 1247 Waccamaw River, N. C. and S. C-------------- ------------------- -- 428 Waco Reservoir, Brazos River, Tex---- 782, 783 Waddington Harbor, N. Y--------------------------------------- 1458 Wahpeton-Breckenridge, Boise de Sioux and Red Rivers 1195 Waikiki Beach, T. H. Beach Erosion Control - - 1591 Wailoa Stream and tributaries, T. H___-------- 1589 Wake Island Harbor_ -------------------------- 1581 Waldo Lake, Oreg ----------------------------------------- 1722, 1748 Walla Walla, Wash., Engineering District_---------- -- 1801 Wallabout Channel, N. Y-------------- ------------------------ --- 182 Wallace Bayou, La------------------ - - - - 645 Wallace Channel, Pamlico Sound, N. C__ _-_-_- ---- 395 Wallace Lake Reservoir, La-------- ----- --------------------- 623, 633 Walluski River, Clatsop County, Oreg --- - 1747 Walnut Bayou, Ark -------------------- 886, 887 Walnut Creek drainage area, Calif_ -- 1514 Wapato Waterway, Tacoma Harbor, Wash____________________________ 1773 Wappinger Creek, N. Y 182 Wareham Harbor, Mass___----------- ---------- 71 Warm Creek, Calif ---------------------------------------- 1534, 1535 Warren River, R. I---------------------------------------------- 71 Warrenton diking district No. 1, Clatsop County, Oreg 1747 Warrenton diking district No. 2, Clatsop County, Oreg ----------------- 1747 Warrenton diking district No. 3, Clatsop County, Oreg------------------ 1747 Warrior Lock and Dam, Ala_ -__---.--- -------- ----------- 554 Warrior River, Ala---------- ---------------------------------- 552 Warroad Harbor and River, Minn--- ------------------------------- 1185 Warwick River, Md .---------------- ----------------------------- 302 Warwood, W. Va_ __------------------- 981, 1159, 1161 Washington Bayou and Lake, Miss-__ --- Washington Canal and South River, N. J-------------------------171, _---------- ----- 654 182 Washington, D. C.: Aqueduct----------------- -------------------------------- 331 Channel _ -------------------- ------------------------------ 316 Engineering district______________-__----_ 315 Flood Control-------- ------------------------------------ -- 344 Harbor at-__-------------------------- ------------------- -- 315 Washington Island Harbors, Wis________________ ____-- ____----- -- 1316 Washington Lake, Calif_ -________ ________________________- 1596 Washita River, Okla_ ________________________________ 854 Waterbury Reservoir, Winooski River Basin, Vt_----------- 183, 211 Wateree River, S. C---------------- ------------ 428 4----------------- Waterford, N. Y ------------------------------- 152, 155, 156 Waterford, Hudson and Mohawk Rivers, N. Y_______________________- 211 Water hyacinths, removal of, from Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas waters -------------------------------------- 510, 568, 619 Waterloo, Nebr_ ------------------------------------- 952 Water Valley Reservoir, Ark ---------------------------------- 831 Waterway on Coast of Virginia____________ __------ ---------- 302 Waterway Connecting Tombigbee and Tennessee Rivers, Ala. and Miss------ 570 Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss-----------------------1929 Watkins Glen, Oswego River Basin, N. Y------------ -- ------------ 1463 Watson Bayou, Fla------------- -------------------------------- 543 Watts Bar, Tenn_ _ --------------------- ---------- - 004 Watts levee, Illinois - .. ------------------------------------------- 1322 Waukegan Harbor, Ill ----------------------------------- 1289 Waverly, W. Va. and Ohio------- ------------------------ 1100, 1102 Way Cake Creek, N. J-------------- -------- --------------------- 182 Waynesboro, Va ----------------------------------------------- 344 Webb District Improvement Co., Columbia County, Oreg------------- 1747 Webbers Falls Dam and Reservoir, Okla------------- ----------- -- 820 Webster Cove, Md --------------------------------- 287 Weehawken-Edgewater Channel, N. Y. Harbor, N. Y- --- 149 Wiedmer Chemicals drainage and levee district, Mo, ----------------- 703 2004 INDEX Page Weiser River, Idaho --------- ----------------------------------- 1813 Welles Harbor, Midway Island_____________ ____________________________ 1581 Wellfleet Harbor, Mass ----------------- -------------------------- 71 Wellsburg, W. Va-___________________________________ 981, 1159, 1161 Wells Cove, Md--- --------------------------------------------- 279 Wells Harbor, Maine---------------------------------------------71 Wellsville, N. Y-- --------------------------------------------- 1459 Wellsville, Ohio-___ ____________________________ 1156, 1159 Wenatchee River, Wash __1785 Wenona,Md -------------------------------------------------- 289 Wesslville, Ohio ----------------------------------------------- 1159 West Bridgewater, Pa_______________-________________ 1159, 1611 West Brookfield Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Mass-- ___ 108, 126 West Canaan Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, N. H 108, 126 West Cumberland, Md---- 342 Westchester Creek, N. Y_ - _ 130 Westcott Cove, Conn - --- 67 West Endicott, N. Y -------------------------------------------- 196 West Fork of Mill Creek Reservoir, Ohio------------------------ 1041, 1067 West Fork River and Reservoir, W. Va --- 1100, 1103, 1159, 1161 West Glendive, Mont__ ------------------------------------------- 977 West Hill Reservoir, Blackstone River Basin, Mass-_ ___ 96, 126 Westland District Improvement Co., Columbia County, Oreg--------------1747 _ West Matanzas, Ill------------- ------------------------ ------- 1322 West Monroe, La---------------------------------------------- 657 West of Benedict, Kans -------------------------------------- _ 888 West of Elk City, Kans ------------------------------------------ 888 West of Fredonia, Kans ------------------------------------------ 888 West of Morrilton, Ark ------------------------------------------ 849 Weston, Ky------------------------------------------------- 983 West Oneonta Reservoir, N. Y----------- ---------------------- 198, 206 Westover, N. Y_ ------------------------------------------------ 196 West Pittston, Pa-- -------------------------------------------- 312 West Point, Ga---- ----------------------------------------- 572 West Point, Ky___--- ---- ------------ 983, 1067 West Point, Nebr ---------------------------------------------- 952 Westport District, Oreg -----------------------------------------1747 Westport Harbor, Conn ---------------------------------------- 64, 69 Westport, Ky -------------------------------------------- 1067, 1070 Westport River, Mass -------------------------------------------- 71 Westport Slough, Oreg ____________________________________ 1721 West River, Conn. and Vt- ----------------------------- 56, 5--127 West Springfield, Mass_________________________________ 109, 125, 126, 127 West Terre Haute, Ind ------------------------------------------ 1067 Westville Reservoir, Mass --------------------------------- 101, 126 Weymouth Back River, Mass ------------------------------------ 69, 71 Weymouth Fore River, Mass_ 71 Wheeling-Benwood, W. Va_____ ___________________________--____ 1159 White Bridge Reregulating Dam, Oreg ----------------------------- 1722 White Dam, N. Y----------------- ----------------------------- 189 Wheeling, W. Va ---------- - ---------------------------- 1159, 1161 Whitefish Point Harbor, Mich__-__- ___-_ ________________ _______1346 Whitebird Creek, Idaho_------------------------ _ ______ ---___ 1813 White Lake to Pecan Island, La------------------------------------621 White Lake Harbor, Mich________________________________--- White Oak Bayou, Tex_- __-- __-__________________-__ _ --- 1363 - 727 White Oak Levees, Cape Fear River, N. C_-_______________________ 414 White River, Ark.: below Peach Orchard Bluff ----------- __ _-_- _-_-- __- __- 671 above Peach Orchard Bluff __ - -- - __________ _____________- 828 White River Basin: Little Rock District _- ---- ------ --------------------- _ 829 White River, Ind ---------------------------------------------- 1036 White River, lock and dam, Wis --- --- ----- ----- 1266 White River, Wash ...-------------.-.-.---- 1793 INDEX 2005 Page Whitfield, Ala----......--- ---------------------------------------- 553 Whitings Creek, Va--------- -------------- - 330 Whitlow Ranch Reservoir, Queen Creek, Ariz_ 1542 Whitney Point, N. Y ---------------------------------------- 199, 206 Whitney Point Reservoir, N. Y----------------- - -- -- 198, 213 Whitney Reservoir, Brazos River, Tex____________ 779 Whittier Narrows flood control Reservoir, Calif ----------- 1514 Wichita and Valley Center, Kans_------------_ -------------------- 855 Wickford Harbor, R. I --- --------- 69, 71 Wicomico River, Md ----------------- 286 Wilcox, Pa_ ---------- -------------------------- 1161 Wilder, Ky -------------------------------------------- 1067, 1070 Wild Rice River, Minn . ------------------------------------------ 1195 Wiley Creek Dam, Oreg_ -- ------------------ 1722, 1748 Wilkes-Barre-Hanover Township, Pa_ -- 312 Wilkesboro Dam, N. C---- 428, 429 Willapa Harbor and River, Wash ---------- 1781 Willamette River Basin, Portland Dist.________________________________ 1722 Willamette River, Oreg.: Bank protection_________________ 1723, 1743 Flood control in basin ----------------------------------- 1722, 1748 Improvement above Portland, and Yamhill River------------------- 1688 Improvement at Willamette Falls__________________ ___ 1691, 1723, 1748 Williamsport, Pa- - _ - -308 Williamstown, W. Va - ------------------------------------- 1100, 1102 Williamsville Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt --------------__ _ 126 Willoughby Channel, Va -- 371 Willow, Ky -------------------------------------------------- 1031 Wills Creek Reservoir, Ohio 1080 Wilmington Harbor, Del ----------------------------------------- 228 Wilmington, N. C.: Harbor------------------ ------- 407 Wilmington, N. C., engineering district 383 Wilmore, Pa ------------------------------------------------- 1162 Wilson and Wenkel and Prairie Du Pont drainage and levee districts, Illinois_- 694 Wilson Dam and Reservoir, Kan ------------------------------- 896, 923 Wilson Harbor, N. Y ---------------- --------------------- 1457, 1458 Wilson Point Harbor, Conn- - - - 71 Wilson, Ala------------- -------- 1004 Winchester Bay, Oreg ------------------------ 1714 Winfield, W. Va_ ------------------------------- 1075 Wings Neck, Mass-------------------------------- 30 Winnetka, Ill_------------------ -------------------- -- 1325 Winnibigoshish Reservoir, Minn_ 1187 Winona, Minn., basin---------------------- - - 1247 Lock----------------------------- 1244 Winooski River, Vt-- - 211 Winsted, Connecticut River Basin, Conn 109, 126, 127 Winter Harbor, Va 351 Winthrop Beach, and Harbor, Mass_________ ___________________________ 71, 73 Winyah Bay, S. C---------------- - - - 417 Wisconsin River, Wis______________________________________________ 1193 Wister Reservoir, Okla------__--------- - 880 Withlacoochee River, Fla _ ----------------------- -------------- 511, 512 Wolf Creek, Iowa_------------------------------ 944 Wolf Creek Reservoir, Ky--------------- - - 1014 Wolf Creek, Okla------ - - ------------------ - -- 858 Wolf River, Tenn. and Miss - 570 Wolf River (Memphis Harbor), Tenn-__ 669, 671 Wolf River, Wis--- -------------------------------------------- 1265 Woodbridge Creek, N. J ______________ 182 Woodbury, Ky ------------------------------------ 1033 Woodbury Brook, N. Y --------------------------------------- 212 Woodbury Creek, N. J-------- - 258 Wood Island Harbor, Maine, and the Pool at Biddeford_. - 12 2006 INDEX Page Woodland, W. Va.. ------------------------------------------ 981 Woodlands, W. Va--------- ------------------------------- 1100, 1102 Woodmont Shore, Conn___----------- --------------- 88 Wood River drainage and levee district, Illinois---------------------697, 702 Woods Brook, N. Y ------------------------------------------- 189 Woods Hole Channel, MassMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM- 69, 71 Woodson drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg------------ ------- 1747 Woonsocket, Blackstone River Basin, R. I--------------------------. 95, 98 Worcester, Blackstone River Basin, Mass_- -- - _---------------- 95 Worcester diversion, Blackstone River Basin, Mass _ --------- 97 Worthington, Minn--------------------------- ----------------- 1240 Wrangell Harbor, Alaska-_________---- ---------------- 1836 Wrangell Narrows, Alaska --------------------------------------- 1834 Wrightsville Reservoir, Winooski River Basin, Vt-- ---------------- 185 Wyanet, Ill_ __--- ------------------------------------ 1220, 1221 Y Yadkin River, N. C-------------------------------------------- 428 Yakima River, Wash____- - ------------------------------------ 1794 Yalobusha River, Miss_____ ------------------- ---------- 654 Yamhill River, Oreg -------------------------------------------- 1689 Yaquina Bay, Harbor, and River, Oreg______--- ------- 1707, 1708 Yazoo River, Miss------------------------ -- -------- - 654, 1872 Ybor Channel, Fla----------------------- --------- 498 Yellow Bank River, Minn ---- -------------------------- 1213 Yellow Creek, Ky--------- ---------- ---- ------------------ 1008 Yellow Mill Pond, Conn ------------- ------------------- -------- 63 Yellow Water River, La ___ --------------------------------- -- 645 York Harbor, Maine-------------- ------------------------------- 71 York, Pa ------------------------------------------- ------ 311 York River, Va -------------------------------------------- 370, 371 York River, Va., channel connecting with Back Creek to Slaight's wharf- - 371 York Roller Mill Dam, Pa------------------------------ --------- 311 York Spit Channel, Va- ----------------- ----------------- 370, 371 Youghiogheny River, Pa------------ --------- ------ ------ 1118 Flood control reservoir __-_ -------------------------- 1146, 1159 Youngs Bay and River, Oreg---------- ------------------- -------- 1721 Youngs River Dikes, Clatsop County, Oreg -- 1747 Yuba River, Calif., treatment of debris situation, construction of restraining dams--------------------- ------------------------------------- 1915 Z _ Zanesville, Ohio------------------------------------------- 1100, 1102 Zippel Bay Harbor, Minn., improvement -------------- ---- 1193 Zuniga Shoal, San Diego Harbor_------------- ------------- -------- 1498 PRINTINGOFFICE:1956-407188 U.S. GOVERNMENT /,,i